{"work":{"slug":"aeneid","title":{"source":"Aeneis","translated":"The Aeneid"},"author":"Publius Vergilius Maro","language":"Latin","languageCode":"la","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/aeneid"},"unit":{"kind":"book","number":8,"id":"book-08","title":{"source":"Aeneidos VIII","translated":"Book 8. Evander, the Site of Rome, and the Shield"},"section":"The War in Latium","summary":"Aeneas sails to Evander on the site of Rome. Venus brings him arms from Vulcan, and a shield with Rome's future on it.","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/aeneid/8","lines":731},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/books/aeneid/7","next":"https://1732studios.com/books/aeneid/9","license":"Source text: public domain (Vergil, Aeneid, ed. J. B. Greenough, Boston: Ginn and Company, 1900), as encoded in the Perseus Digital Library canonical-latinLit TEI, CC BY-SA 4.0. English translation and notes: © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC, line for line. Narration: read by Malone (LibriVox, 2012), public domain.","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/","lines":[{"number":1,"label":"1","id":"b8-l1","source":"Ut belli signum Laurenti Turnus ab arce","translation":"When Turnus raised the war-signal from the Laurentian citadel","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"belli","lemma":"bellum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"war"},{"surface":"signum","lemma":"signum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"signal"},{"surface":"Laurenti","lemma":"laurens","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Laurentian"},{"surface":"Turnus","lemma":"turnus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Turnus"},{"surface":"ab","lemma":"ab","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"arce","lemma":"arx","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"citadel"}]},{"number":2,"label":"2","id":"b8-l2","source":"extulit et rauco strepuerunt cornua cantu,","translation":"and the horns brayed with their hoarse song,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"extulit","lemma":"effero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"raised"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"rauco","lemma":"raucus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"hoarse"},{"surface":"strepuerunt","lemma":"strepo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"brayed"},{"surface":"cornua","lemma":"cornu","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"horns"},{"surface":"cantu","lemma":"cantus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with song"}]},{"number":3,"label":"3","id":"b8-l3","source":"utque acris concussit equos utque impulit arma,","translation":"and when he lashed his keen horses and struck his weapons together,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"utque","lemma":"ut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"acris","lemma":"acer","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"keen"},{"surface":"concussit","lemma":"concutio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"lashed"},{"surface":"equos","lemma":"equus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"horses"},{"surface":"utque","lemma":"ut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"impulit","lemma":"impello","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"struck together"},{"surface":"arma","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"weapons"}]},{"number":4,"label":"4","id":"b8-l4","source":"extemplo turbati animi, simul omne tumultu","translation":"at once minds were shaken; all Latium at one moment","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"extemplo","lemma":"extemplo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"turbati","lemma":"turbo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"shaken"},{"surface":"animi","lemma":"animus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"minds"},{"surface":"simul","lemma":"simul","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at one moment"},{"surface":"omne","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"tumultu","lemma":"tumultus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in uproar"}]},{"number":5,"label":"5","id":"b8-l5","source":"coniurat trepido Latium saevitque iuventus","translation":"swears itself together in trembling uproar, and the young men rage","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"coniurat","title":"A verb for swearing together","body":"coniurat comes from coniuro, 'to swear together', the verb used both for a conspiracy and for the emergency levy in which a region's men swore one oath at once. Latium is its subject, so the whole land swears itself into war in a single motion."}],"words":[{"surface":"coniurat","lemma":"coniuro","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"swears"},{"surface":"trepido","lemma":"trepidus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"trembling"},{"surface":"Latium","lemma":"latium","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"Latium"},{"surface":"saevitque","lemma":"saeuio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"rages","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"iuventus","lemma":"iuuentus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"young men"}]},{"number":6,"label":"6","id":"b8-l6","source":"effera. Ductores primi Messapus et Ufens","translation":"savagely. The chief captains, Messapus and Ufens","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"effera","lemma":"efferus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"savagely"},{"surface":"Ductores","lemma":"ductor","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"captains"},{"surface":"primi","lemma":"primus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"chief"},{"surface":"Messapus","lemma":"messapus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Messapus"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Ufens","lemma":"ufens","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Ufens"}]},{"number":7,"label":"7","id":"b8-l7","source":"contemptorque deum Mezentius undique cogunt","translation":"and Mezentius, despiser of the gods, gather forces","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"contemptorque","lemma":"contemptor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"despiser"},{"surface":"deum","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"gods"},{"surface":"Mezentius","lemma":"mezentius","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Mezentius"},{"surface":"undique","lemma":"undique","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"from every side"},{"surface":"cogunt","lemma":"cogo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"gather"}]},{"number":8,"label":"8","id":"b8-l8","source":"auxilia et latos vastant cultoribus agros.","translation":"from every side and strip the wide fields of their farmers.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"auxilia","lemma":"auxilium","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"forces"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"latos","lemma":"latus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"wide"},{"surface":"vastant","lemma":"uasto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"strip"},{"surface":"cultoribus","lemma":"cultor","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"farmers"},{"surface":"agros","lemma":"ager","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"fields"}]},{"number":9,"label":"9","id":"b8-l9","source":"mittitur et magni Venulus Diomedis ad urbem,","translation":"Venulus too is sent to the city of great Diomedes,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l9.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"mittitur","lemma":"mitto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"is sent"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"magni","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"Venulus","lemma":"uenulus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Venulus"},{"surface":"Diomedis","lemma":"diomedes","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Diomedes"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"urbem","lemma":"urbs","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"city"}]},{"number":10,"label":"10","id":"b8-l10","source":"qui petat auxilium et Latio consistere Teucros,","translation":"to ask for help and to make plain that the Teucrians are settling in Latium,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l10.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"petat","lemma":"peto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"ask for"},{"surface":"auxilium","lemma":"auxilium","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"help"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Latio","lemma":"latium","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"place","gloss":"Latium"},{"surface":"consistere","lemma":"consisto","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to settle"},{"surface":"Teucros","lemma":"teucer","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Teucrians"}]},{"number":11,"label":"11","id":"b8-l11","source":"advectum Aenean classi victosque penatis","translation":"that Aeneas has been carried in with a fleet and is bringing his beaten household gods","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l11.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"advectum","lemma":"adueho","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"carried"},{"surface":"Aenean","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Aeneas"},{"surface":"classi","lemma":"classis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with a fleet"},{"surface":"victosque","lemma":"uinco","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"beaten"},{"surface":"penatis","lemma":"penates","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"household gods"}]},{"number":12,"label":"12","id":"b8-l12","source":"inferre et fatis regem se dicere posci","translation":"ashore and calling himself a king whom the fates demand,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l12.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"inferre","lemma":"infero","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to bring"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fatis","lemma":"fatum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by the fates"},{"surface":"regem","lemma":"rex","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"king"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"dicere","lemma":"dico","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to call"},{"surface":"posci","lemma":"posco","morphology":"verb, present infinitive passive","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to be demanded"}]},{"number":13,"label":"13","id":"b8-l13","source":"edoceat multasque viro se adiungere gentis","translation":"that many nations are attaching themselves to the Dardanian","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l13.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"edoceat","lemma":"edoceo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"teaches or inform thoroughly"},{"surface":"multasque","lemma":"multus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"viro","lemma":"uir","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural","role":"object","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"adiungere","lemma":"adiungo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to attach"},{"surface":"gentis","lemma":"gens","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"nations"}]},{"number":14,"label":"14","id":"b8-l14","source":"Dardanio et late Latio increbrescere nomen.","translation":"man, and that his name is growing loud far and wide through Latium.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l14.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Dardanio","title":"The most dynastic name","body":"Dardanio, 'Dardanian', is one of four names Vergil uses for the Trojans, alongside Troes, Teucri, and Aeneadae. It is the oldest and most dynastic of the four, chosen here because the report is of a claim to ancient right, which is what alarms the Latins."}],"words":[{"surface":"Dardanio","lemma":"dardanius","morphology":"adjective, dative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Dardanian"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"late","lemma":"late","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"far and wide"},{"surface":"Latio","lemma":"latium","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"place","gloss":"through Latium"},{"surface":"increbrescere","lemma":"increbresco","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to grow loud"},{"surface":"nomen","lemma":"nomen","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"name"}]},{"number":15,"label":"15","id":"b8-l15","source":"Quid struat his coeptis, quem, si Fortuna sequatur,","translation":"What he is building with these beginnings, what outcome of the fight","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l15.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Quid","lemma":"quis","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"struat","lemma":"struo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"builds"},{"surface":"his","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"coeptis","lemma":"coeptum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"beginnings"},{"surface":"quem","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"Fortuna","lemma":"fortuna","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"fortune"},{"surface":"sequatur","lemma":"sequor","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive deponent","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"follows"}]},{"number":16,"label":"16","id":"b8-l16","source":"eventum pugnae cupiat, manifestius ipsi","translation":"he wants if Fortune follows him, is plainer to that man himself","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l16.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"eventum","lemma":"euentus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"outcome"},{"surface":"pugnae","lemma":"pugna","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the fight"},{"surface":"cupiat","lemma":"cupio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"he wants"},{"surface":"manifestius","lemma":"manifestus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular neuter, comparative","role":"predicate","gloss":"plainer"},{"surface":"ipsi","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"him"}]},{"number":17,"label":"17","id":"b8-l17","source":"quam Turno regi aut regi apparere Latino.","translation":"than it can appear to king Turnus or to king Latinus.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l17.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"manifestius ipsi","title":"A bare comparative","body":"manifestius is a comparative, 'clearer', paired with ipsi, 'to himself', naming Diomedes as the one to whom Aeneas's plan is plainest. Vergil states the comparison with no verb of thinking attached, so the reader has to supply that the enemy understands the enemy best."}],"words":[{"surface":"quam","lemma":"quam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"Turno","lemma":"turnus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"Turnus"},{"surface":"regi","lemma":"rex","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"king"},{"surface":"aut","lemma":"aut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"regi","lemma":"rex","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"king"},{"surface":"apparere","lemma":"appareo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to appear"},{"surface":"Latino","lemma":"latinus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"Latinus"}]},{"number":18,"label":"18","id":"b8-l18","source":"Talia per Latium. Quae Laomedontius heros","translation":"So it went through Latium. Seeing all of it, the hero sprung from Laomedon","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l18.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Talia","lemma":"talis","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"such things"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"Latium","lemma":"latium","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"Latium"},{"surface":"Quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"Laomedontius","lemma":"laomedontius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"sprung from Laomedon"},{"surface":"heros","lemma":"heros","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"hero"}]},{"number":19,"label":"19","id":"b8-l19","source":"cuncta videns magno curarum fluctuat aestu,","translation":"tosses on a great swell of cares,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l19.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"cuncta","lemma":"cunctus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"all of it"},{"surface":"videns","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"seeing"},{"surface":"magno","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"curarum","lemma":"cura","morphology":"noun, genitive plural feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"cares"},{"surface":"fluctuat","lemma":"fluctuo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"tosses"},{"surface":"aestu","lemma":"aestus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"on a swell"}]},{"number":20,"label":"20","id":"b8-l20","source":"atque animum nunc huc celerem, nunc dividit illuc.","translation":"And he divides his quick mind now this way, now that,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l20.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"animum","lemma":"animus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"mind"},{"surface":"nunc","lemma":"nunc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"huc","lemma":"huc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"this way"},{"surface":"celerem","lemma":"celer","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"quick"},{"surface":"nunc","lemma":"nunc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"dividit","lemma":"diuido","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"divides"},{"surface":"illuc","lemma":"illuc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"that way"}]},{"number":21,"label":"21","id":"b8-l21","source":"In partisque rapit varias perque omnia versat:","translation":"snatches it into different parts, and turns it through everything:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l21.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"In","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"partisque","lemma":"pars","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"parts"},{"surface":"rapit","lemma":"rapio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"snatches"},{"surface":"varias","lemma":"uarius","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"different"},{"surface":"perque","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"omnia","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"versat","lemma":"uerso","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"keeps turning"}]},{"number":22,"label":"22","id":"b8-l22","source":"sicut aquae tremulum labris ubi lumen aenis","translation":"as when in bronze basins the trembling light of water,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l22.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sicut","lemma":"sicut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"aquae","lemma":"aqua","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"tremulum","lemma":"tremulus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"trembling"},{"surface":"labris","lemma":"labrum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"place","gloss":"basins"},{"surface":"ubi","lemma":"ubi","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"lumen","lemma":"lumen","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"light"},{"surface":"aenis","lemma":"aenus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"bronze"}]},{"number":23,"label":"23","id":"b8-l23","source":"sole repercussum aut radiantis imagine lunae","translation":"struck back from the sun or from the image of the shining moon,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l23.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sole","lemma":"sol","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"sun"},{"surface":"repercussum","lemma":"repercutio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"struck back"},{"surface":"aut","lemma":"aut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"radiantis","lemma":"radio","morphology":"participle, present active genitive singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"shining"},{"surface":"imagine","lemma":"imago","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"image"},{"surface":"lunae","lemma":"luna","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"moon"}]},{"number":24,"label":"24","id":"b8-l24","source":"omnia pervolitat late loca iamque sub auras","translation":"flits far over every place, and now lifts itself into the air","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l24.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"omnia","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"pervolitat","lemma":"peruolito","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"flits across"},{"surface":"late","lemma":"late","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"far"},{"surface":"loca","lemma":"locus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"iamque","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"sub","lemma":"sub","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"auras","lemma":"aura","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"air"}]},{"number":25,"label":"25","id":"b8-l25","source":"erigitur summique ferit lacuaria tecti.","translation":"and strikes the panelled ceiling of the high roof.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l25.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"erigitur","lemma":"erigo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"lifts itself"},{"surface":"summique","lemma":"summus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"high"},{"surface":"ferit","lemma":"ferio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"strikes"},{"surface":"lacuaria","lemma":"lacunar","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"panelled ceiling"},{"surface":"tecti","lemma":"tectum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"roof"}]},{"number":26,"label":"26","id":"b8-l26","source":"Nox erat, et terras animalia fessa per omnis","translation":"It was night, and over all the lands deep sleep held","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l26.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nox","lemma":"nox","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"erat","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"terras","lemma":"terra","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"lands"},{"surface":"animalia","lemma":"animal","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"creatures"},{"surface":"fessa","lemma":"fessus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"tired"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"omnis","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"all"}]},{"number":27,"label":"27","id":"b8-l27","source":"alituum pecudumque genus sopor altus habebat:","translation":"the tired creatures, the winged kind and the herds:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l27.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"alituum","lemma":"ales","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the winged"},{"surface":"pecudumque","lemma":"pecus","morphology":"noun, genitive plural feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the herds"},{"surface":"genus","lemma":"genus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"kind"},{"surface":"sopor","lemma":"sopor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"sleep"},{"surface":"altus","lemma":"altus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"deep"},{"surface":"habebat","lemma":"habeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"held"}]},{"number":28,"label":"28","id":"b8-l28","source":"cum pater in ripa gelidique sub aetheris axe","translation":"when the father, on the bank, under the axle of the cold sky,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l28.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"pater","lemma":"pater","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"ripa","lemma":"ripa","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"bank"},{"surface":"gelidique","lemma":"gelidus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"cold"},{"surface":"sub","lemma":"sub","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"aetheris","lemma":"aether","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the sky"},{"surface":"axe","lemma":"axis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"axle"}]},{"number":29,"label":"29","id":"b8-l29","source":"Aeneas, tristi turbatus pectora bello,","translation":"Aeneas, troubled through the breast by the grim war,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l29.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"turbatus pectora","title":"Accusative of respect","body":"pectora is a plural accusative attached to the passive participle turbatus, 'troubled', rather than a direct object of any verb. This is the accusative of respect, a construction borrowed from Greek, naming the part of the body that suffers without needing a preposition."}],"words":[{"surface":"Aeneas","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Aeneas"},{"surface":"tristi","lemma":"tristis","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"grim"},{"surface":"turbatus","lemma":"turbo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"troubled"},{"surface":"pectora","lemma":"pectus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"through the breast"},{"surface":"bello","lemma":"bellum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"war"}]},{"number":30,"label":"30","id":"b8-l30","source":"procubuit seramque dedit per membra quietem.","translation":"lay down and gave his limbs their late rest.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l30.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"procubuit","lemma":"procumbo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"lay down"},{"surface":"seramque","lemma":"serus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"late"},{"surface":"dedit","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"gave"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"membra","lemma":"membrum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"limbs"},{"surface":"quietem","lemma":"quies","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"rest"}]},{"number":31,"label":"31","id":"b8-l31","source":"Huic deus ipse loci fluvio Tiberinus amoeno","translation":"To him the god of the place himself, Tiberinus of the pleasant stream,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l31.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Huic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to him"},{"surface":"deus","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"god"},{"surface":"ipse","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"loci","lemma":"locus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the place"},{"surface":"fluvio","lemma":"fluuius","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with stream"},{"surface":"Tiberinus","lemma":"tiberinus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Tiberinus"},{"surface":"amoeno","lemma":"amoenus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"pleasant"}]},{"number":32,"label":"32","id":"b8-l32","source":"populeas inter senior se attollere frondes","translation":"seemed to lift himself, an old man, among the poplar leaves;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l32.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"populeas","lemma":"populeus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of a poplar"},{"surface":"inter","lemma":"inter","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"senior","lemma":"senior","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine, comparative","role":"predicate","gloss":"an old man"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"attollere","lemma":"attollo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to lift up"},{"surface":"frondes","lemma":"frons","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"leaves"}]},{"number":33,"label":"33","id":"b8-l33","source":"visus; eum tenuis glauco velabat amictu","translation":"a thin linen veiled him in a grey-green wrap,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l33.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"visus","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"main verb","gloss":"seemed"},{"surface":"eum","lemma":"is","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"tenuis","lemma":"tenuis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"thin"},{"surface":"glauco","lemma":"glaucus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"grey-green"},{"surface":"velabat","lemma":"uelo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"veiled"},{"surface":"amictu","lemma":"amictus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in a wrap"}]},{"number":34,"label":"34","id":"b8-l34","source":"carbasus, et crinis umbrosa tegebat harundo,","translation":"and shadowing reed covered his hair,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l34.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"carbasus","lemma":"carbasus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"linen"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"crinis","lemma":"crinis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"hair"},{"surface":"umbrosa","lemma":"umbrosus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"shadowing"},{"surface":"tegebat","lemma":"tego","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"covered"},{"surface":"harundo","lemma":"harundo","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"reed"}]},{"number":35,"label":"35","id":"b8-l35","source":"tum sic adfari et curas his demere dictis:","translation":"and then he spoke, and took his cares away with these words:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l35.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"sic","lemma":"sic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"adfari","lemma":"affor","morphology":"verb, present infinitive deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"curas","lemma":"cura","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"cares"},{"surface":"his","lemma":"hic","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"demere","lemma":"demo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"took away"},{"surface":"dictis","lemma":"dictum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"words"}]},{"number":36,"label":"36","id":"b8-l36","source":"“O sate gente deum, Troianam ex hostibus urbem","translation":"“O sown of the race of the gods, you who bring the Trojan city","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l36.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"O sate gente deum","title":"Addressed as something sown","body":"sate is the vocative of satus, 'sown' or 'begotten', so O sate gente deum means 'O you sown from the race of gods'. Latin can address a man by a participle where English needs a relative clause; the image is agricultural."}],"words":[{"surface":"O","lemma":"o","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation","gloss":"O"},{"surface":"sate","lemma":"sero","morphology":"participle, perfect passive vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"sown"},{"surface":"gente","lemma":"gens","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"of the race"},{"surface":"deum","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"gods"},{"surface":"Troianam","lemma":"troianus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Trojan"},{"surface":"ex","lemma":"ex","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"hostibus","lemma":"hostis","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"enemies"},{"surface":"urbem","lemma":"urbs","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"city"}]},{"number":37,"label":"37","id":"b8-l37","source":"qui revehis nobis aeternaque Pergama servas,","translation":"back to us out of the enemy's hands and keep Pergamum everlasting,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l37.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"revehis","lemma":"reueho","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"bring back"},{"surface":"nobis","lemma":"nos","morphology":"pronoun, dative plural","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to us"},{"surface":"aeternaque","lemma":"aeternus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"everlasting"},{"surface":"Pergama","lemma":"pergama","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"Pergamum"},{"surface":"servas","lemma":"seruo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"keep safe"}]},{"number":38,"label":"38","id":"b8-l38","source":"exspectate solo Laurenti arvisque Latinis,","translation":"awaited by Laurentian ground and by the fields of Latium,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l38.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"exspectate","lemma":"exspecto","morphology":"participle, perfect passive vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"awaited"},{"surface":"solo","lemma":"solum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"ground"},{"surface":"Laurenti","lemma":"laurens","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"Laurentian"},{"surface":"arvisque","lemma":"aruum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by fields"},{"surface":"Latinis","lemma":"latinus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"of Latium"}]},{"number":39,"label":"39","id":"b8-l39","source":"hic tibi certa domus, certi, ne absiste, penates;","translation":"here is your sure home, here your sure household gods, do not draw back;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l39.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"hic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"tibi","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular","role":"indirect object","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"certa","lemma":"certus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"sure"},{"surface":"domus","lemma":"domus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"home"},{"surface":"certi","lemma":"certus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"sure"},{"surface":"ne","lemma":"ne","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"absiste","lemma":"absisto","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"draw back"},{"surface":"penates","lemma":"penates","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"household gods"}]},{"number":40,"label":"40","id":"b8-l40","source":"neu belli terrere minis: tumor omnis et irae","translation":"and do not be frightened by the threats of war: all the swelling and the wrath","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l40.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"neu","lemma":"neu","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and do not"},{"surface":"belli","lemma":"bellum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"war"},{"surface":"terrere","lemma":"terreo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative passive","role":"command","gloss":"be frightened"},{"surface":"minis","lemma":"minae","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"threats"},{"surface":"tumor","lemma":"tumor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"swelling"},{"surface":"omnis","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"irae","lemma":"ira","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"wrath"}]},{"number":41,"label":"41","id":"b8-l41","source":"concessere deum.","translation":"of the gods have given way.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l41.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"concessere deum.","title":"Left short at his death","body":"The hexameter breaks off here, one of about fifty-five such half-lines in the poem. Vergil died before revising the Aeneid, and we leave the line where he left it rather than supplying words to round it out."}],"words":[{"surface":"concessere","lemma":"concedo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"gave way"},{"surface":"deum","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"gods"}]},{"number":42,"label":"42","id":"b8-l42","source":"Iamque tibi, ne vana putes haec fingere somnum,","translation":"And now, so that you may not think sleep has made this up out of nothing,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l42.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Iamque","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"tibi","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"ne","lemma":"ne","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"vana","lemma":"uanus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"predicate","gloss":"empty"},{"surface":"putes","lemma":"puto","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"you may think"},{"surface":"haec","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"fingere","lemma":"fingo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to have made up"},{"surface":"somnum","lemma":"somnus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"sleep"}]},{"number":43,"label":"43","id":"b8-l43","source":"litoreis ingens inventa sub ilicibus sus,","translation":"a huge sow shall be found lying under the holm-oaks of the shore,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l43.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"litoreis","lemma":"litoreus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of the seashore"},{"surface":"ingens","lemma":"ingens","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"huge"},{"surface":"inventa","lemma":"inuenio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been found"},{"surface":"sub","lemma":"sub","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"ilicibus","lemma":"ilex","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"holm-oaks"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"sus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"sow"}]},{"number":44,"label":"44","id":"b8-l44","source":"triginta capitum fetus enixa, iacebit,","translation":"having brought forth a litter of thirty head,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l44.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"triginta","lemma":"triginta","morphology":"numeral","role":"modifier","gloss":"thirty"},{"surface":"capitum","lemma":"caput","morphology":"noun, genitive plural neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"heads"},{"surface":"fetus","lemma":"fetus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"litter"},{"surface":"enixa","lemma":"enitor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having brought forth"},{"surface":"iacebit","lemma":"iaceo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"will lie"}]},{"number":45,"label":"45","id":"b8-l45","source":"alba, solo recubans, albi circum ubera nati.","translation":"white, stretched on the ground, her white young about her teats.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l45.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"alba","lemma":"albus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"stretched"},{"surface":"solo","lemma":"solum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"ground"},{"surface":"recubans","lemma":"recubo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"stretched"},{"surface":"albi","lemma":"albus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"circum","lemma":"circum","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"ubera","lemma":"uber","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"teats"},{"surface":"nati","lemma":"natus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"young"}]},{"number":46,"label":"46","id":"b8-l46","source":"Hic locus urbis erit, requies ea certa laborum","translation":"This will be the place of the city, this the sure rest from your labors:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l46.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"locus","lemma":"locus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"urbis","lemma":"urbs","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"city"},{"surface":"erit","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"will be"},{"surface":"requies","lemma":"requies","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"rest"},{"surface":"ea","lemma":"is","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"certa","lemma":"certus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"sure"},{"surface":"laborum","lemma":"labor","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of your labors"}]},{"number":47,"label":"47","id":"b8-l47","source":"ex quo ter denis urbem redeuntibus annis","translation":"and from it, when thirty years have come round,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l47.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ex","lemma":"ex","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"quo","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"ter","lemma":"ter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"three times"},{"surface":"denis","lemma":"deni","morphology":"numeral, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"ten each"},{"surface":"urbem","lemma":"urbs","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"city"},{"surface":"redeuntibus","lemma":"redeo","morphology":"participle, present active ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"returning"},{"surface":"annis","lemma":"annus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"years"}]},{"number":48,"label":"48","id":"b8-l48","source":"Ascanius clari condet cognominis Albam.","translation":"Ascanius will found Alba, a town of shining name.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l48.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"clari ... cognominis","title":"A genitive doing adjective work","body":"clari cognominis is a genitive of quality, doing the work of an adjective attached to a noun: 'of bright name'. It describes Albam, 'Alba', so the city is given a future reputation before it has even been founded."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ascanius","lemma":"ascanius","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Ascanius"},{"surface":"clari","lemma":"clarus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"shining"},{"surface":"condet","lemma":"condo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"will found"},{"surface":"cognominis","lemma":"cognomen","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"of name"},{"surface":"Albam","lemma":"alba","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"Alba"}]},{"number":49,"label":"49","id":"b8-l49","source":"Haud incerta cano. Nunc qua ratione quod instat","translation":"I sing nothing uncertain. Now by what plan you may win your way","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l49.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Haud","lemma":"haud","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"incerta","lemma":"incertus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"uncertain"},{"surface":"cano","lemma":"cano","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"sing"},{"surface":"Nunc","lemma":"nunc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"qua","lemma":"qui","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"ratione","lemma":"ratio","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by plan"},{"surface":"quod","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"instat","lemma":"insto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"presses on"}]},{"number":50,"label":"50","id":"b8-l50","source":"expedias victor, paucis (adverte) docebo.","translation":"clear of what presses on you (attend), I will teach in a few words.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l50.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"expedias","lemma":"expedio","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"you may clear"},{"surface":"victor","lemma":"uictor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"as victor"},{"surface":"paucis","lemma":"paucus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"few"},{"surface":"adverte","lemma":"aduerto","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"attend"},{"surface":"docebo","lemma":"doceo","morphology":"verb, 1st singular future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"will teach"}]},{"number":51,"label":"51","id":"b8-l51","source":"Arcades his oris, genus a Pallante profectum,","translation":"Arcadians on these shores, a race set out from Pallas,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l51.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Arcades","lemma":"arcas","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Arcadians"},{"surface":"his","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"oris","lemma":"ora","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"place","gloss":"on shores"},{"surface":"genus","lemma":"genus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"apposition","gloss":"race"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"ab","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"Pallante","lemma":"pallas","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"Pallas"},{"surface":"profectum","lemma":"proficiscor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"set out"}]},{"number":52,"label":"52","id":"b8-l52","source":"qui regem Euandrum comites, qui signa secuti,","translation":"who as companions followed king Evander, who followed his standards,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l52.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"regem","lemma":"rex","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"king"},{"surface":"Euandrum","lemma":"euander","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Evander"},{"surface":"comites","lemma":"comes","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"as companions"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"signa","lemma":"signum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"standards"},{"surface":"secuti","lemma":"sequor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative plural masculine","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"having followed"}]},{"number":53,"label":"53","id":"b8-l53","source":"delegere locum et posuere in montibus urbem","translation":"have chosen a place and set a city in the hills,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l53.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"delegere","lemma":"deligo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"picked"},{"surface":"locum","lemma":"locus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"posuere","lemma":"pono","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"placed"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"montibus","lemma":"mons","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"hills"},{"surface":"urbem","lemma":"urbs","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"city"}]},{"number":54,"label":"54","id":"b8-l54","source":"Pallantis proavi de nomine Pallanteum.","translation":"Pallanteum, from the name of Pallas their forefather.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l54.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pallantis","lemma":"pallas","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Pallas"},{"surface":"proavi","lemma":"proauus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"forefather"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"down from"},{"surface":"nomine","lemma":"nomen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"name"},{"surface":"Pallanteum","lemma":"pallanteum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"apposition","gloss":"Pallanteum"}]},{"number":55,"label":"55","id":"b8-l55","source":"Hi bellum adsidue ducunt cum gente Latina;","translation":"These wage steady war with the Latin race;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l55.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hi","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"bellum","lemma":"bellum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"war"},{"surface":"adsidue","lemma":"adsidue","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"steadily"},{"surface":"ducunt","lemma":"duco","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"wage"},{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"gente","lemma":"gens","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"race"},{"surface":"Latina","lemma":"latinus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Latin"}]},{"number":56,"label":"56","id":"b8-l56","source":"hos castris adhibe socios et foedera iunge.","translation":"take them into your camp as allies and join treaties with them.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l56.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"hos","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"castris","lemma":"castrum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"camps"},{"surface":"adhibe","lemma":"adhibeo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"socios","lemma":"socius","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"as allies"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"foedera","lemma":"foedus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"treaties"},{"surface":"iunge","lemma":"iungo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"join"}]},{"number":57,"label":"57","id":"b8-l57","source":"Ipse ego te ripis et recto flumine ducam,","translation":"I myself will lead you along my banks and straight up the water,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l57.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ipse","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"myself"},{"surface":"ego","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular","role":"subject","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"ripis","lemma":"ripa","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"banks"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"recto","lemma":"rectus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"straight"},{"surface":"flumine","lemma":"flumen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"up the water"},{"surface":"ducam","lemma":"duco","morphology":"verb, 1st singular future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"will lead"}]},{"number":58,"label":"58","id":"b8-l58","source":"adversum remis superes subvectus ut amnem.","translation":"so that borne on oars you may beat the river that runs against you.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l58.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"adversum","lemma":"aduersus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"opposing"},{"surface":"remis","lemma":"remus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"oars"},{"surface":"superes","lemma":"supero","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"you may beat"},{"surface":"subvectus","lemma":"subueho","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"borne"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"amnem","lemma":"amnis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"river"}]},{"number":59,"label":"59","id":"b8-l59","source":"Surge age, nate dea, primisque cadentibus astris","translation":"Rise up, goddess-born, and as the first stars are setting","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l59.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Surge","lemma":"surgo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"rise"},{"surface":"age","lemma":"ago","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"come now"},{"surface":"nate","lemma":"nascor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"goddess-born"},{"surface":"dea","lemma":"dea","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"goddess"},{"surface":"primisque","lemma":"primus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"cadentibus","lemma":"cado","morphology":"participle, present active ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"setting"},{"surface":"astris","lemma":"astrum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"stars"}]},{"number":60,"label":"60","id":"b8-l60","source":"Iunoni fer rite preces iramque minasque","translation":"carry prayers to Juno in due form, and put down her wrath and her threats","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l60.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Iunoni","lemma":"iuno","morphology":"noun, dative singular feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"Juno"},{"surface":"fer","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"carry"},{"surface":"rite","lemma":"rite","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"in due form"},{"surface":"preces","lemma":"prex","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"prayers"},{"surface":"iramque","lemma":"ira","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"wrath"},{"surface":"minasque","lemma":"minae","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"threats"}]},{"number":61,"label":"61","id":"b8-l61","source":"supplicibus supera votis. Mihi victor honorem","translation":"with suppliant vows. To me, when you have won, you will pay","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l61.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"supplicibus","lemma":"supplex","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"suppliant"},{"surface":"supera","lemma":"supero","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"put down"},{"surface":"votis","lemma":"uotum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with vows"},{"surface":"Mihi","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"victor","lemma":"uictor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"as victor"},{"surface":"honorem","lemma":"honor","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"honor"}]},{"number":62,"label":"62","id":"b8-l62","source":"persolves. Ego sum pleno quem flumine cernis","translation":"the honor owed. I am he whom you see brimming the banks","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l62.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"persolves","lemma":"persoluo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"will pay"},{"surface":"Ego","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular","role":"subject","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"sum","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"am"},{"surface":"pleno","lemma":"plenus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"full"},{"surface":"quem","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"flumine","lemma":"flumen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with flood"},{"surface":"cernis","lemma":"cerno","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"you see"}]},{"number":63,"label":"63","id":"b8-l63","source":"stringentem ripas et pinguia culta secantem,","translation":"with a full flood and cutting through the fat ploughland,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l63.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"stringentem","lemma":"stringo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"brimming"},{"surface":"ripas","lemma":"ripa","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"banks"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"pinguia","lemma":"pinguis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"fat"},{"surface":"culta","lemma":"colo","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"ploughland"},{"surface":"secantem","lemma":"seco","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"cutting through"}]},{"number":64,"label":"64","id":"b8-l64","source":"caeruleus Thybris, caelo gratissimus amnis.","translation":"sky-blue Tiber, the river most pleasing to heaven.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l64.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"caeruleus","lemma":"caeruleus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"sky-blue"},{"surface":"Thybris","lemma":"tiberis","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Tiber"},{"surface":"caelo","lemma":"caelum","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to heaven"},{"surface":"gratissimus","lemma":"gratus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine, superlative","role":"modifier","gloss":"most pleasing"},{"surface":"amnis","lemma":"amnis","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"river"}]},{"number":65,"label":"65","id":"b8-l65","source":"Hic mihi magna domus, celsis caput urbibus, exit.”","translation":"Here is my great house; my head rises out among lofty cities.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l65.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"celsis caput urbibus exit","title":"A line read two ways","body":"caput can mean 'a river's source' or 'a head', and exit can mean 'rises up' or 'issues forth'. Commentators divide over whether the Tiber's source lies among high cities or his head rises above them; we take the second reading, noting the first exists."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"mihi","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular","role":"indirect object","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"magna","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"domus","lemma":"domus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"celsis","lemma":"celsus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"lofty"},{"surface":"caput","lemma":"caput","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"apposition","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"urbibus","lemma":"urbs","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"cities"},{"surface":"exit","lemma":"exeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"rises out"}]},{"number":66,"label":"66","id":"b8-l66","source":"Dixit, deinde lacu fluvius se condidit alto,","translation":"He spoke; then the river hid himself in a deep pool,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l66.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dixit","lemma":"dico","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke"},{"surface":"deinde","lemma":"deinde","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"lacu","lemma":"lacus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in a pool"},{"surface":"fluvius","lemma":"fluuius","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"river"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"condidit","lemma":"condo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"hid"},{"surface":"alto","lemma":"altus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"deep"}]},{"number":67,"label":"67","id":"b8-l67","source":"ima petens; nox Aenean somnusque reliquit.","translation":"making for the bottom; night and sleep left Aeneas.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l67.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ima","lemma":"imus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"the bottom"},{"surface":"petens","lemma":"peto","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"making for"},{"surface":"nox","lemma":"nox","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Night"},{"surface":"Aenean","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Aeneas"},{"surface":"somnusque","lemma":"somnus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Sleep"},{"surface":"reliquit","lemma":"relinquo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"left behind"}]},{"number":68,"label":"68","id":"b8-l68","source":"Surgit et aetherii spectans orientia solis","translation":"He rises, and looking at the rising lights of the sun","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l68.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Surgit","lemma":"surgo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"rises"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"aetherii","lemma":"aetherius","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of heaven"},{"surface":"spectans","lemma":"specto","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"looking at"},{"surface":"orientia","lemma":"orior","morphology":"participle, present active accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"rising"},{"surface":"solis","lemma":"sol","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the sun"}]},{"number":69,"label":"69","id":"b8-l69","source":"lumina rite cavis undam de flumine palmis","translation":"in heaven, in due form he lifts water from the river","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l69.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"lumina","lemma":"lumen","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"lights"},{"surface":"rite","lemma":"rite","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"in due form"},{"surface":"cavis","lemma":"cauus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"hollow"},{"surface":"undam","lemma":"unda","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"down from"},{"surface":"flumine","lemma":"flumen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"river"},{"surface":"palmis","lemma":"palma","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"palms"}]},{"number":70,"label":"70","id":"b8-l70","source":"sustinet ac talis effundit ad aethera voces:","translation":"in his hollow palms and pours out such words to the air:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l70.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sustinet","lemma":"sustineo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"lifts"},{"surface":"ac","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"talis","lemma":"talis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"effundit","lemma":"effundo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"pours out"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"aethera","lemma":"aether","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"upper air"},{"surface":"voces","lemma":"uox","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"words"}]},{"number":71,"label":"71","id":"b8-l71","source":"“Nymphae, Laurentes nymphae, genus amnibus unde est,","translation":"“Nymphs, Laurentian nymphs, from whom rivers have their being,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l71.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nymphae","lemma":"nympha","morphology":"noun, vocative plural feminine","role":"address","gloss":"nymphs"},{"surface":"Laurentes","lemma":"laurens","morphology":"adjective, vocative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Laurentian"},{"surface":"nymphae","lemma":"nympha","morphology":"noun, vocative plural feminine","role":"address","gloss":"nymphs"},{"surface":"genus","lemma":"genus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"being"},{"surface":"amnibus","lemma":"amnis","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to rivers"},{"surface":"unde","lemma":"unde","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"from whom"},{"surface":"est","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":72,"label":"72","id":"b8-l72","source":"tuque, o Thybri tuo genitor cum flumine sancto,","translation":"and you, father Tiber, with your holy stream,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l72.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"tuque","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular","role":"subject","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"o","lemma":"o","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation","gloss":"oh"},{"surface":"Thybri","lemma":"tiberis","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"Tiber"},{"surface":"tuo","lemma":"tuus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"genitor","lemma":"genitor","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"flumine","lemma":"flumen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"stream"},{"surface":"sancto","lemma":"sanctus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"holy"}]},{"number":73,"label":"73","id":"b8-l73","source":"accipite Aenean et tandem arcete periclis.","translation":"receive Aeneas and keep him from dangers at last.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l73.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"accipite","lemma":"accipio","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"receive"},{"surface":"Aenean","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Aeneas"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tandem","lemma":"tandem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at last"},{"surface":"arcete","lemma":"arceo","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"keep away"},{"surface":"periclis","lemma":"periculum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"from dangers"}]},{"number":74,"label":"74","id":"b8-l74","source":"Quo te cumque lacus miserantem incommoda nostra","translation":"In whatever pool, at whatever spring, holds you who pity","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l74.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Quo","lemma":"quo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"in whatever"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"cumque","lemma":"cumque","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at any time"},{"surface":"lacus","lemma":"lacus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"pool"},{"surface":"miserantem","lemma":"miseror","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"pitying"},{"surface":"incommoda","lemma":"incommodus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"troubles"},{"surface":"nostra","lemma":"noster","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"our"}]},{"number":75,"label":"75","id":"b8-l75","source":"fonte tenet, quocumque solo pulcherrimus exis,","translation":"our troubles, from whatever soil you come out most beautiful,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l75.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"fonte","lemma":"fons","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"spring"},{"surface":"tenet","lemma":"teneo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"holds"},{"surface":"quocumque","lemma":"quicumque","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"whatever"},{"surface":"solo","lemma":"solum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"ground"},{"surface":"pulcherrimus","lemma":"pulcher","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine, superlative","role":"predicate","gloss":"beautiful"},{"surface":"exis","lemma":"exeo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"you come out"}]},{"number":76,"label":"76","id":"b8-l76","source":"semper honore meo, semper celebrabere donis","translation":"always with honor of mine, always with gifts you will be kept in feast,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l76.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"semper","lemma":"semper","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"honore","lemma":"honor","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"honor"},{"surface":"meo","lemma":"meus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"semper","lemma":"semper","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"celebrabere","lemma":"celebro","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular future indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"you will be kept in feast"},{"surface":"donis","lemma":"donum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"gifts"}]},{"number":77,"label":"77","id":"b8-l77","source":"corniger hesperidum fluvius regnator aquarum.","translation":"horned river, ruler of the waters of the west.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l77.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"corniger","lemma":"corniger","morphology":"adjective, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"horned"},{"surface":"hesperidum","lemma":"hesperides","morphology":"noun, genitive plural feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the west"},{"surface":"fluvius","lemma":"fluuius","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"river"},{"surface":"regnator","lemma":"regnator","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"ruler"},{"surface":"aquarum","lemma":"aqua","morphology":"noun, genitive plural feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"waters"}]},{"number":78,"label":"78","id":"b8-l78","source":"Adsis o tantum et propius tua numina firmes.”","translation":"Only be near me, and set your will closer to mine.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l78.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Adsis","lemma":"adsum","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present subjunctive active","role":"command","gloss":"be near"},{"surface":"o","lemma":"o","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation","gloss":"oh"},{"surface":"tantum","lemma":"tantum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"propius","lemma":"propius","morphology":"adverb, comparative","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"closer"},{"surface":"tua","lemma":"tuus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"numina","lemma":"numen","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"divine will"},{"surface":"firmes","lemma":"firmo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present subjunctive active","role":"command","gloss":"set firm"}]},{"number":79,"label":"79","id":"b8-l79","source":"sic memorat geminasque legit de classe biremis","translation":"So he speaks, and picks two biremes out of the fleet","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l79.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sic","lemma":"sic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"memorat","lemma":"memoro","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"speaks"},{"surface":"geminasque","lemma":"geminus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"two","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"legit","lemma":"lego","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"picks"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"classe","lemma":"classis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"fleet"},{"surface":"biremis","lemma":"biremis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"biremes"}]},{"number":80,"label":"80","id":"b8-l80","source":"remigioque aptat, socios simul instruit armis.","translation":"and fits them with oars, and arms his companions as well.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l80.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"remigioque","lemma":"remigium","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with oars","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"aptat","lemma":"apto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"fits"},{"surface":"socios","lemma":"socius","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"companions"},{"surface":"simul","lemma":"simul","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"as well"},{"surface":"instruit","lemma":"instruo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"arms"},{"surface":"armis","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"arms"}]},{"number":81,"label":"81","id":"b8-l81","source":"Ecce autem subitum atque oculis mirabile monstrum;","translation":"But look, a sudden thing, a marvel to the eyes:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l81.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ecce","lemma":"ecce","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation","gloss":"look"},{"surface":"autem","lemma":"autem","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"subitum","lemma":"subitus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"sudden"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"oculis","lemma":"oculus","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"mirabile","lemma":"mirabilis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"marvelous"},{"surface":"monstrum","lemma":"monstrum","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"marvel"}]},{"number":82,"label":"82","id":"b8-l82","source":"candida per silvam cum fetu concolor albo","translation":"white through the wood, and her litter of the same white color,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l82.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"candida","lemma":"candidus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"silvam","lemma":"silua","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"wood"},{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"fetu","lemma":"fetus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"litter"},{"surface":"concolor","lemma":"concolor","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"same-colored"},{"surface":"albo","lemma":"albus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"white"}]},{"number":83,"label":"83","id":"b8-l83","source":"procubuit viridique in litore conspicitur sus.","translation":"a sow lies down, and is seen on the green shore.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l83.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"procubuit","lemma":"procumbo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"lay down"},{"surface":"viridique","lemma":"uiridis","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"green"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"litore","lemma":"litus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"shore"},{"surface":"conspicitur","lemma":"conspicio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"is seen"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"sus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"sow"}]},{"number":84,"label":"84","id":"b8-l84","source":"Quam pius Aeneas tibi enim, tibi, maxuma Iuno,","translation":"And dutiful Aeneas, to you, yes, to you, greatest Juno,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l84.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Quam","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"pius","lemma":"pius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"dutiful"},{"surface":"Aeneas","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Aeneas"},{"surface":"tibi","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"enim","lemma":"enim","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"tibi","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"maxuma","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, vocative singular feminine, superlative","role":"address","gloss":"greatest"},{"surface":"Iuno","lemma":"iuno","morphology":"noun, vocative singular feminine","role":"address","gloss":"Juno"}]},{"number":85,"label":"85","id":"b8-l85","source":"mactat sacra ferens et cum grege sistit ad aram.","translation":"sacrifices her, bringing the rites, and sets her with her brood at the altar.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l85.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"mactat","lemma":"macto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"sacrifices"},{"surface":"sacra","lemma":"sacer","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"rites"},{"surface":"ferens","lemma":"fero","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"bringing"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"grege","lemma":"grex","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"brood"},{"surface":"sistit","lemma":"sisto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"sets"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"aram","lemma":"ara","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"altar"}]},{"number":86,"label":"86","id":"b8-l86","source":"Thybris ea fluvium, quam longa est, nocte tumentem","translation":"The Tiber calmed his swelling stream that whole night long,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l86.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Thybris","lemma":"tiberis","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Tiber"},{"surface":"ea","lemma":"is","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"fluvium","lemma":"fluuius","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"stream"},{"surface":"quam","lemma":"quam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"longa","lemma":"longus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"est","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"nocte","lemma":"nox","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"tumentem","lemma":"tumeo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"swelling"}]},{"number":87,"label":"87","id":"b8-l87","source":"leniit, et tacita refluens ita substitit unda,","translation":"and flowing backward stood still in a silent wave,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l87.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"leniit","lemma":"lenio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"calmed"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tacita","lemma":"tacitus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"silent"},{"surface":"refluens","lemma":"refluo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"flowing back"},{"surface":"ita","lemma":"ita","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"substitit","lemma":"subsisto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"stood still"},{"surface":"unda","lemma":"unda","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"wave"}]},{"number":88,"label":"88","id":"b8-l88","source":"mitis ut in morem stagni placidaeque paludis","translation":"gentle, so that after the manner of a pond and a quiet marsh","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l88.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"mitis","lemma":"mitis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"gentle"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"morem","lemma":"mos","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"manner"},{"surface":"stagni","lemma":"stagnum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"of a pond"},{"surface":"placidaeque","lemma":"placidus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"quiet"},{"surface":"paludis","lemma":"palus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"marsh"}]},{"number":89,"label":"89","id":"b8-l89","source":"sterneret aequor aquis, remo ut luctamen abesset.","translation":"he spread his surface smooth for the water, and the oar had no fight.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l89.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sterneret","lemma":"sterno","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"he spread"},{"surface":"aequor","lemma":"aequor","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"surface"},{"surface":"aquis","lemma":"aqua","morphology":"noun, dative singular feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"for the water"},{"surface":"remo","lemma":"remus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"for the oar"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"luctamen","lemma":"luctamen","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"fight"},{"surface":"abesset","lemma":"absum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"had none"}]},{"number":90,"label":"90","id":"b8-l90","source":"Ergo iter inceptum celerant rumore secundo;","translation":"So they hurry the journey they had begun, with a following cheer;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l90.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ergo","lemma":"ergo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"therefore"},{"surface":"iter","lemma":"iter","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"journey"},{"surface":"inceptum","lemma":"incipio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been begun"},{"surface":"celerant","lemma":"celero","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"hurry"},{"surface":"rumore","lemma":"rumor","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with a cheer"},{"surface":"secundo","lemma":"secundus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"following"}]},{"number":91,"label":"91","id":"b8-l91","source":"labitur uncta vadis abies; mirantur et undae,","translation":"the oiled fir glides through the shallows; the waves marvel,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l91.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"labitur","lemma":"labor","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"glides"},{"surface":"uncta","lemma":"unctus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"oiled"},{"surface":"vadis","lemma":"uadum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"place","gloss":"through the shallows"},{"surface":"abies","lemma":"abies","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"fir"},{"surface":"mirantur","lemma":"miror","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"marvel"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"undae","lemma":"unda","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"waves"}]},{"number":92,"label":"92","id":"b8-l92","source":"miratur nemus insuetum fulgentia longe","translation":"and the wood marvels, unused to the shields of men flashing far","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l92.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"miratur","lemma":"miror","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"marvels"},{"surface":"nemus","lemma":"nemus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"wood"},{"surface":"insuetum","lemma":"insuetus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"unused"},{"surface":"fulgentia","lemma":"fulgeo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"flashing"},{"surface":"longe","lemma":"longe","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"far"}]},{"number":93,"label":"93","id":"b8-l93","source":"scuta virum fluvio pictasque innare carinas.","translation":"on the river, and to the painted keels swimming there.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l93.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"scuta","lemma":"scutum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"shields"},{"surface":"virum","lemma":"uir","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of men"},{"surface":"fluvio","lemma":"fluuius","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"place","gloss":"on the river"},{"surface":"pictasque","lemma":"pingo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been painted"},{"surface":"innare","lemma":"inno","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to swim or float"},{"surface":"carinas","lemma":"carina","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"keels"}]},{"number":94,"label":"94","id":"b8-l94","source":"Olli remigio noctemque diemque fatigant","translation":"They wear out night and day alike with rowing","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l94.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Olli","title":"An archaic plural form","body":"Olli here is an archaic nominative plural of ille, 'they', a form kept alive in verse long after prose dropped it. Vergil uses the same old spelling elsewhere for the dative singular, 'to him', scattering these antique forms through the poem for their weight."}],"words":[{"surface":"Olli","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"remigio","lemma":"remigium","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with rowing"},{"surface":"noctemque","lemma":"nox","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"diemque","lemma":"dies","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"day","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"fatigant","lemma":"fatigo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"wear out"}]},{"number":95,"label":"95","id":"b8-l95","source":"et longos superant flexus variisque teguntur","translation":"and get past the long bends, and are covered by trees","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l95.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"longos","lemma":"longus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"superant","lemma":"supero","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"get past"},{"surface":"flexus","lemma":"flexus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"bends"},{"surface":"variisque","lemma":"uarius","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of every kind","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"teguntur","lemma":"tego","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"are covered"}]},{"number":96,"label":"96","id":"b8-l96","source":"arboribus viridisque secant placido aequore silvas.","translation":"of every kind, and cut through green woods on quiet water.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l96.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"arboribus","lemma":"arbor","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"trees"},{"surface":"viridisque","lemma":"uiridis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"green"},{"surface":"secant","lemma":"seco","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"cut"},{"surface":"placido","lemma":"placidus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"quiet"},{"surface":"aequore","lemma":"aequor","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"silvas","lemma":"silua","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"woods"}]},{"number":97,"label":"97","id":"b8-l97","source":"Sol medium caeli conscenderat igneus orbem,","translation":"The fiery sun had climbed the middle circle of the sky","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l97.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sol","lemma":"sol","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"sun"},{"surface":"medium","lemma":"medius","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"middle"},{"surface":"caeli","lemma":"caelum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"sky"},{"surface":"conscenderat","lemma":"conscendo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"had climbed"},{"surface":"igneus","lemma":"igneus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"fiery"},{"surface":"orbem","lemma":"orbis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"circle"}]},{"number":98,"label":"98","id":"b8-l98","source":"cum muros arcemque procul ac rara domorum","translation":"when they see walls and a citadel far off, and the scattered","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l98.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"muros","lemma":"murus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"walls"},{"surface":"arcemque","lemma":"arx","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"citadel"},{"surface":"procul","lemma":"procul","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"far off"},{"surface":"ac","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"rara","lemma":"rarus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"scattered"},{"surface":"domorum","lemma":"domus","morphology":"noun, genitive plural feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of houses"}]},{"number":99,"label":"99","id":"b8-l99","source":"tecta vident, quae nunc Romana potentia caelo","translation":"roofs of houses, which Roman power has now raised level with the sky,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l99.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"tecta","lemma":"tectum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"roofs"},{"surface":"vident","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"nunc","lemma":"nunc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"Romana","lemma":"romanus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Roman"},{"surface":"potentia","lemma":"potentia","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"power"},{"surface":"caelo","lemma":"caelum","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"sky"}]},{"number":100,"label":"100","id":"b8-l100","source":"aequavit, tum res inopes Euandrus habebat:","translation":"but which then Evander held as a poor thing:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l100.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"aequavit","lemma":"aequo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"leveled"},{"surface":"tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"res","lemma":"res","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"inopes","lemma":"inops","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"poor"},{"surface":"Euandrus","lemma":"euander","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Evander"},{"surface":"habebat","lemma":"habeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"held"}]},{"number":101,"label":"101","id":"b8-l101","source":"ocius advertunt proras urbique propinquant.","translation":"quickly they turn their prows and draw near the city.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l101.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ocius","lemma":"ocius","morphology":"adverb, comparative","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"quickly"},{"surface":"advertunt","lemma":"aduerto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"turn toward"},{"surface":"proras","lemma":"prora","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"prows"},{"surface":"urbique","lemma":"urbs","morphology":"noun, dative singular feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"city"},{"surface":"propinquant","lemma":"propinquo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"draw near"}]},{"number":102,"label":"102","id":"b8-l102","source":"Forte die sollemnem illo rex Arcas honorem","translation":"It happened that on that day the Arcadian king was paying the yearly honor","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l102.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Forte","lemma":"forte","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"it happened"},{"surface":"die","lemma":"dies","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"sollemnem","lemma":"sollemnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"yearly"},{"surface":"illo","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"rex","lemma":"rex","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"king"},{"surface":"Arcas","lemma":"arcas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Arcadian"},{"surface":"honorem","lemma":"honor","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"honor"}]},{"number":103,"label":"103","id":"b8-l103","source":"Amphitryoniadae magno divisque ferebat","translation":"to the great son of Amphitryon and to the gods,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l103.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Amphitryoniadae","lemma":"amphitryoniades","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to the son of Amphitryon"},{"surface":"magno","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, dative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"divisque","lemma":"diuus","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"gods"},{"surface":"ferebat","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was paying"}]},{"number":104,"label":"104","id":"b8-l104","source":"ante urbem in luco. Pallas huic filius una,","translation":"before the city, in a grove. Pallas his son was there with him,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l104.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ante","lemma":"ante","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"urbem","lemma":"urbs","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"city"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"luco","lemma":"lucus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"grove"},{"surface":"Pallas","lemma":"pallas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Pallas"},{"surface":"huic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"with him"},{"surface":"filius","lemma":"filius","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"son"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"una","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"together"}]},{"number":105,"label":"105","id":"b8-l105","source":"una omnes iuvenum primi pauperque senatus","translation":"with him all the foremost of the young men and the poor senate,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l105.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"pauperque senatus","title":"A senate that is poor","body":"pauper means 'poor', modifying senatus, 'senate': Evander's council is a body of poor village elders. The phrase would sound like a joke in Vergil's Rome, where the Senate was the wealthiest body on earth, but the line does not treat it as one."}],"words":[{"surface":"una","lemma":"una","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"together"},{"surface":"omnes","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"iuvenum","lemma":"iuuenis","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"young man"},{"surface":"primi","lemma":"primus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"foremost"},{"surface":"pauperque","lemma":"pauper","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"poor","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"senatus","lemma":"senatus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"senate"}]},{"number":106,"label":"106","id":"b8-l106","source":"tura dabant, tepidusque cruor fumabat ad aras.","translation":"offering incense, and warm blood was steaming at the altars.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l106.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"tura","lemma":"tus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"incense"},{"surface":"dabant","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"were offering"},{"surface":"tepidusque","lemma":"tepidus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"warm"},{"surface":"cruor","lemma":"cruor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"blood"},{"surface":"fumabat","lemma":"fumo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was steaming"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"aras","lemma":"ara","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"altars"}]},{"number":107,"label":"107","id":"b8-l107","source":"Ut celsas videre rates atque inter opacum","translation":"When they saw the tall ships, and saw them gliding in","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l107.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"celsas","lemma":"celsus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"tall"},{"surface":"videre","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"saw"},{"surface":"rates","lemma":"ratis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"ships"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"inter","lemma":"inter","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"opacum","lemma":"opacus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"shaded"}]},{"number":108,"label":"108","id":"b8-l108","source":"adlabi nemus et tacitis incumbere remis,","translation":"through the shaded wood and leaning on silent oars,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l108.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"adlabi","lemma":"allabor","morphology":"verb, present infinitive deponent","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to glide"},{"surface":"nemus","lemma":"nemus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"wood"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tacitis","lemma":"tacitus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"silent"},{"surface":"incumbere","lemma":"incumbo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to lean forward"},{"surface":"remis","lemma":"remus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"oars"}]},{"number":109,"label":"109","id":"b8-l109","source":"terrentur visu subito cunctique relictis","translation":"they are frightened by the sudden sight, and all of them rise","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l109.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"terrentur","lemma":"terreo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"are frightened"},{"surface":"visu","lemma":"uisus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"sight"},{"surface":"subito","lemma":"subitus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"sudden"},{"surface":"cunctique","lemma":"cunctus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"relictis","lemma":"relinquo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been left behind"}]},{"number":110,"label":"110","id":"b8-l110","source":"consurgunt mensis. Audax quos rumpere Pallas","translation":"and leave the tables. Bold Pallas forbids them to break off","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l110.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"consurgunt","lemma":"consurgo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"rise"},{"surface":"mensis","lemma":"mensa","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"tables"},{"surface":"Audax","lemma":"audax","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"bold"},{"surface":"quos","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"rumpere","lemma":"rumpo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to break"},{"surface":"Pallas","lemma":"pallas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Pallas"}]},{"number":111,"label":"111","id":"b8-l111","source":"sacra vetat raptoque volat telo obvius ipse","translation":"the rites, snatches a spear and flies out to meet them himself,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l111.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sacra","lemma":"sacer","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"rites"},{"surface":"vetat","lemma":"ueto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"forbids"},{"surface":"raptoque","lemma":"rapio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"snatched"},{"surface":"volat","lemma":"uolo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"flies"},{"surface":"telo","lemma":"telum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with a spear"},{"surface":"obvius","lemma":"obuius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"to meet them"},{"surface":"ipse","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"himself"}]},{"number":112,"label":"112","id":"b8-l112","source":"et procul e tumulo: “Iuvenes, quae causa subegit","translation":"and from a mound, at a distance: “Young men, what has driven you","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l112.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"procul","lemma":"procul","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at a distance"},{"surface":"e","lemma":"ex","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"tumulo","lemma":"tumulus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"mound"},{"surface":"Iuvenes","lemma":"iuuenis","morphology":"noun, vocative plural masculine","role":"address","gloss":"young men"},{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"causa","lemma":"causa","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"cause"},{"surface":"subegit","lemma":"subigo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"has driven"}]},{"number":113,"label":"113","id":"b8-l113","source":"ignotas temptare vias, quo tenditis?” inquit.","translation":"to try roads you do not know? Where are you making for?” he says.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l113.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ignotas","lemma":"ignotus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"unknown"},{"surface":"temptare","lemma":"tento","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to attempt"},{"surface":"vias","lemma":"uia","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"roads"},{"surface":"quo","lemma":"quo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"where to"},{"surface":"tenditis","lemma":"tendo","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"are you making for"},{"surface":"inquit","lemma":"inquam","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"says"}]},{"number":114,"label":"114","id":"b8-l114","source":"“Qui genus? Unde domo? Pacemne huc fertis an arma?”","translation":"“What is your family? Where is your home? Do you bring peace here, or arms?”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l114.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"genus","lemma":"genus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"family"},{"surface":"Unde","lemma":"unde","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"from where"},{"surface":"domo","lemma":"domus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"home"},{"surface":"Pacemne","lemma":"pax","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"peace","note":"-ne attached: marks a question."},{"surface":"huc","lemma":"huc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"to here"},{"surface":"fertis","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"bring"},{"surface":"an","lemma":"an","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"arma","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"arms"}]},{"number":115,"label":"115","id":"b8-l115","source":"Tum pater Aeneas puppi sic fatur ab alta","translation":"Then father Aeneas speaks so from the high stern","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l115.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"pater","lemma":"pater","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"Aeneas","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Aeneas"},{"surface":"puppi","lemma":"puppis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"stern"},{"surface":"sic","lemma":"sic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"fatur","lemma":"for","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"speaks"},{"surface":"ab","lemma":"ab","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"alta","lemma":"altus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"high"}]},{"number":116,"label":"116","id":"b8-l116","source":"paciferaeque manu ramum praetendit olivae:","translation":"and holds out in his hand a branch of peace-bearing olive:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l116.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"paciferaeque","lemma":"pacifer","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"that brings peace","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"manu","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"ramum","lemma":"ramus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"branch"},{"surface":"praetendit","lemma":"praetendo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"holds out"},{"surface":"olivae","lemma":"oliua","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of olive"}]},{"number":117,"label":"117","id":"b8-l117","source":"“Troiugenas ac tela vides inimica Latinis,","translation":"“You see men born of Troy, and weapons hostile to the Latins,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l117.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Troiugenas","title":"A coined, formal name","body":"Troiugenas, 'Troy-born', is a compound Vergil coins for this occasion, heavier and more formal than the plainer Troes or Teucri. Aeneas is naming his own people to a stranger, and reaches for the grandest form of the name he has available."}],"words":[{"surface":"Troiugenas","lemma":"troiugena","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"men born of Troy"},{"surface":"ac","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tela","lemma":"telum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"weapons"},{"surface":"vides","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"inimica","lemma":"inimicus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"hostile"},{"surface":"Latinis","lemma":"latinus","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"Latins"}]},{"number":118,"label":"118","id":"b8-l118","source":"quos illi bello profugos egere superbo.","translation":"who drove us out in an arrogant war and made us exiles.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l118.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quos","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"illi","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"bello","lemma":"bellum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"war"},{"surface":"profugos","lemma":"profugus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"exiles"},{"surface":"egere","lemma":"ago","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"drove"},{"surface":"superbo","lemma":"superbus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"arrogant"}]},{"number":119,"label":"119","id":"b8-l119","source":"Euandrum petimus. Ferte haec et dicite lectos","translation":"We are looking for Evander. Carry that word, and say that chosen","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l119.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Euandrum","lemma":"euander","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Evander"},{"surface":"petimus","lemma":"peto","morphology":"verb, 1st plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"we are looking for"},{"surface":"Ferte","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"carry"},{"surface":"haec","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"that word"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dicite","lemma":"dico","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"say"},{"surface":"lectos","lemma":"lego","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"chosen"}]},{"number":120,"label":"120","id":"b8-l120","source":"Dardaniae venisse duces socia arma rogantis.”","translation":"captains of Dardania have come asking for allied arms.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l120.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dardaniae","lemma":"dardania","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Dardania"},{"surface":"venisse","lemma":"uenio","morphology":"verb, perfect infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to come"},{"surface":"duces","lemma":"dux","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"leaders"},{"surface":"socia","lemma":"socius","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"allied"},{"surface":"arma","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"arms"},{"surface":"rogantis","lemma":"rogo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"asking"}]},{"number":121,"label":"121","id":"b8-l121","source":"Obstipuit tanto percussus nomine Pallas:","translation":"Pallas stood amazed, struck by so great a name:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l121.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Obstipuit","lemma":"obstipesco","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was amazed"},{"surface":"tanto","lemma":"tantus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"so great"},{"surface":"percussus","lemma":"percutio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been struck"},{"surface":"nomine","lemma":"nomen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"name"},{"surface":"Pallas","lemma":"pallas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Pallas"}]},{"number":122,"label":"122","id":"b8-l122","source":"“Egredere o quicumque es” ait “coramque parentem","translation":"“Come out, whoever you are,” he says, “and speak to my father","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l122.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Egredere","lemma":"egredior","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative deponent","role":"command","gloss":"come out"},{"surface":"o","lemma":"o","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation","gloss":"oh"},{"surface":"quicumque","lemma":"quicumque","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"whoever"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"ait","lemma":"aio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"says"},{"surface":"coramque","lemma":"coram","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"face to face","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"parentem","lemma":"parens","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"father"}]},{"number":123,"label":"123","id":"b8-l123","source":"adloquere ac nostris succede penatibus hospes.”","translation":"face to face, and come in as a guest under our household gods.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l123.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"adloquere","lemma":"adloquor","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative deponent","role":"command","gloss":"speak to"},{"surface":"ac","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"nostris","lemma":"noster","morphology":"adjective, dative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"our"},{"surface":"succede","lemma":"succedo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"come in"},{"surface":"penatibus","lemma":"penates","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"under household gods"},{"surface":"hospes","lemma":"hospes","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"as a guest"}]},{"number":124,"label":"124","id":"b8-l124","source":"excepitque manu dextramque amplexus inhaesit.","translation":"And he took him by the hand, and held the right hand he had clasped.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l124.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"excepitque","lemma":"excipio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"took","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"manu","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"dextramque","lemma":"dextera","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"right hand"},{"surface":"amplexus","lemma":"amplector","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having clasped"},{"surface":"inhaesit","lemma":"inhaereo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"held fast"}]},{"number":125,"label":"125","id":"b8-l125","source":"Progressi subeunt luco fluviumque relinquunt.","translation":"They go forward, enter the grove, and leave the river behind.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l125.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Progressi","lemma":"progredior","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having gone forward"},{"surface":"subeunt","lemma":"subeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"enter"},{"surface":"luco","lemma":"lucus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"grove"},{"surface":"fluviumque","lemma":"fluuius","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"river","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"relinquunt","lemma":"relinquo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"leave behind"}]},{"number":126,"label":"126","id":"b8-l126","source":"Tum regem Aeneas dictis adfatur amicis:","translation":"Then Aeneas addresses the king with friendly words:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l126.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"regem","lemma":"rex","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"king"},{"surface":"Aeneas","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Aeneas"},{"surface":"dictis","lemma":"dictum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"adfatur","lemma":"affor","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"addresses"},{"surface":"amicis","lemma":"amicus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"friendly"}]},{"number":127,"label":"127","id":"b8-l127","source":"“Optume Graiugenum, cui me Fortuna precari","translation":"“Best of the Greek-born, to whom Fortune has willed that I pray","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l127.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Optume Graiugenum","title":"An old genitive plural","body":"Graiugenum is an old genitive plural, shortened from the fuller Graiugenarum, 'of the Greek-born'. Aeneas calls Evander the best of the Greeks while asking him for weapons against Italians, so the compliment is doing real diplomatic work here."}],"words":[{"surface":"Optume","lemma":"optumus","morphology":"adjective, vocative singular masculine, superlative","role":"address","gloss":"best"},{"surface":"Graiugenum","lemma":"graiugena","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Greeks"},{"surface":"cui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular","role":"subject","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"Fortuna","lemma":"fortuna","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"fortune"},{"surface":"precari","lemma":"precor","morphology":"verb, present infinitive deponent","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to pray"}]},{"number":128,"label":"128","id":"b8-l128","source":"et vitta comptos voluit praetendere ramos,","translation":"and hold out boughs dressed with wool,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l128.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vitta","lemma":"uitta","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with wool"},{"surface":"comptos","lemma":"como","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"dressed"},{"surface":"voluit","lemma":"uolo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"willed"},{"surface":"praetendere","lemma":"praetendo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to hold out"},{"surface":"ramos","lemma":"ramus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"boughs"}]},{"number":129,"label":"129","id":"b8-l129","source":"non equidem extimui, Danaum quod ductor et Arcas","translation":"I felt no fear at all that you were a Danaan captain and an Arcadian","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l129.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"equidem","lemma":"equidem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"extimui","lemma":"extimesco","morphology":"verb, 1st singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"I felt fear"},{"surface":"Danaum","lemma":"danaus","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the Danaans"},{"surface":"quod","lemma":"quod","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ductor","lemma":"ductor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"captain"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Arcas","lemma":"arcas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"Arcas"}]},{"number":130,"label":"130","id":"b8-l130","source":"quodque a stirpe fores geminis coniunctus Atridis;","translation":"and joined by descent to the two sons of Atreus;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l130.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quodque","lemma":"quod","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and that"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"ab","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"stirpe","lemma":"stirps","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"descent"},{"surface":"fores","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular imperfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"geminis","lemma":"geminus","morphology":"adjective, dative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"twin"},{"surface":"coniunctus","lemma":"coniungo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"joined"},{"surface":"Atridis","lemma":"atrides","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"sons of Atreus"}]},{"number":131,"label":"131","id":"b8-l131","source":"sed mea me virtus et sancta oracula divom","translation":"but my own worth, and the holy oracles of the gods,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l131.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sed","lemma":"sed","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"mea","lemma":"meus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular","role":"object","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"virtus","lemma":"uirtus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"worth"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sancta","lemma":"sanctus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"holy"},{"surface":"oracula","lemma":"oraculum","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"oracles"},{"surface":"divom","lemma":"diuus","morphology":"adjective, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the gods"}]},{"number":132,"label":"132","id":"b8-l132","source":"cognatique patres, tua terris didita fama,","translation":"and fathers we share, and your fame spread over the earth,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l132.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"cognatique","lemma":"cognatus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"shared"},{"surface":"patres","lemma":"pater","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"fathers"},{"surface":"tua","lemma":"tuus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"terris","lemma":"terra","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"over the earth"},{"surface":"didita","lemma":"dido","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"spread"},{"surface":"fama","lemma":"fama","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"fame"}]},{"number":133,"label":"133","id":"b8-l133","source":"coniunxere tibi et fatis egere volentem.","translation":"have joined me to you and driven me here by the fates, willing.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l133.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"coniunxere","lemma":"coniungo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"have joined"},{"surface":"tibi","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fatis","lemma":"fatum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"fates"},{"surface":"egere","lemma":"ago","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"have driven"},{"surface":"volentem","lemma":"uolo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"willing"}]},{"number":134,"label":"134","id":"b8-l134","source":"Dardanus, Iliacae primus pater urbis et auctor,","translation":"Dardanus, the first father of the city of Ilium and its founder,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l134.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dardanus","lemma":"dardanus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Dardanus"},{"surface":"Iliacae","lemma":"iliacus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of Ilium"},{"surface":"primus","lemma":"primus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"pater","lemma":"pater","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"urbis","lemma":"urbs","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"city"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"auctor","lemma":"auctor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"founder"}]},{"number":135,"label":"135","id":"b8-l135","source":"Electra, ut Grai perhibent, Atlantide cretus,","translation":"born, as the Greeks tell it, of Electra the daughter of Atlas,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l135.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Electra","lemma":"electra","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"Electra"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"Grai","lemma":"graii","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Greeks"},{"surface":"perhibent","lemma":"perhibeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"tell it"},{"surface":"Atlantide","lemma":"atlas","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"daughter of Atlas"},{"surface":"cretus","lemma":"cresco","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"born"}]},{"number":136,"label":"136","id":"b8-l136","source":"advehitur Teucros; Electram maxumus Atlas","translation":"came over to the Teucrians; Electra was brought forth by greatest Atlas,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l136.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"advehitur","lemma":"adueho","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"Teucros","lemma":"teucer","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"place","gloss":"Trojans"},{"surface":"Electram","lemma":"electra","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"Electra"},{"surface":"maxumus","lemma":"maxumus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine, superlative","role":"modifier","gloss":"greatest"},{"surface":"Atlas","lemma":"atlas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Atlas"}]},{"number":137,"label":"137","id":"b8-l137","source":"edidit, aetherios umero qui sustinet orbes","translation":"who holds the spheres of heaven on his shoulder.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l137.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"edidit","lemma":"edo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"brought forth"},{"surface":"aetherios","lemma":"aetherius","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of heaven"},{"surface":"umero","lemma":"umerus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"shoulder"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"sustinet","lemma":"sustineo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"holds"},{"surface":"orbes","lemma":"orbis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"spheres"}]},{"number":138,"label":"138","id":"b8-l138","source":"vobis Mercurius pater est, quem candida Maia","translation":"Your father is Mercury, whom white Maia conceived","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l138.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"vobis","lemma":"uos","morphology":"pronoun, dative plural","role":"indirect object","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"Mercurius","lemma":"mercurius","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Mercury"},{"surface":"pater","lemma":"pater","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"est","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"quem","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"candida","lemma":"candidus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"Maia","lemma":"maia","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Maia"}]},{"number":139,"label":"139","id":"b8-l139","source":"Cyllenae gelido conceptum vertice fudit;","translation":"and bore on the cold peak of Cyllene;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l139.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Cyllenae","lemma":"cyllene","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Cyllene"},{"surface":"gelido","lemma":"gelidus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"cold"},{"surface":"conceptum","lemma":"concipio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"conceived"},{"surface":"vertice","lemma":"uertex","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"place","gloss":"on peak"},{"surface":"fudit","lemma":"fundo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"bore"}]},{"number":140,"label":"140","id":"b8-l140","source":"at Maiam, auditis si quicquam credimus, Atlas,","translation":"but Maia, if we believe anything we have heard, was got by Atlas,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l140.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Maiam","lemma":"maia","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"Maia"},{"surface":"auditis","lemma":"audio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive dative plural neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"things heard"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"quicquam","lemma":"quisquam","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"anything"},{"surface":"credimus","lemma":"credo","morphology":"verb, 1st plural present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"believe"},{"surface":"Atlas","lemma":"atlas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Atlas"}]},{"number":141,"label":"141","id":"b8-l141","source":"idem Atlas generat, caeli qui sidera tollit.","translation":"the same Atlas who lifts the stars of the sky.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l141.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"idem","lemma":"idem","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"the same"},{"surface":"Atlas","lemma":"atlas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Atlas"},{"surface":"generat","lemma":"genero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"begets"},{"surface":"caeli","lemma":"caelum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"sky"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"sidera","lemma":"sidus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"stars"},{"surface":"tollit","lemma":"tollo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"lifts"}]},{"number":142,"label":"142","id":"b8-l142","source":"Sic genus amborum scindit se sanguine ab uno.","translation":"So the line of us both splits away from one blood.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l142.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sic","lemma":"sic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"genus","lemma":"genus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"line"},{"surface":"amborum","lemma":"ambo","morphology":"numeral, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"both"},{"surface":"scindit","lemma":"scindo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"splits"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular","role":"object","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"sanguine","lemma":"sanguis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"blood"},{"surface":"ab","lemma":"ab","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"uno","lemma":"unus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"one"}]},{"number":143,"label":"143","id":"b8-l143","source":"His fretus non legatos neque prima per artem","translation":"Trusting in that, I sent no envoys, and made no first","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l143.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"His","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in that"},{"surface":"fretus","lemma":"fretus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"trusting"},{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"legatos","lemma":"legatus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"envoys"},{"surface":"neque","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and no","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"prima","lemma":"primus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"artem","lemma":"ars","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"craft"}]},{"number":144,"label":"144","id":"b8-l144","source":"temptamenta tui pepigi: me, me ipse meumque","translation":"cautious soundings of you by craft: myself, my own self, my own","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l144.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"me, me ipse meumque","title":"The pronoun repeated three times","body":"me, me ipse, meumque repeats the first-person pronoun three times across a line and a half, set against the envoys and cautious soundings he says he did not send. The repetition makes the argument itself: a man who comes in person is harder to refuse."}],"words":[{"surface":"temptamenta","lemma":"tentamentum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"soundings"},{"surface":"tui","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of you"},{"surface":"pepigi","lemma":"pango","morphology":"verb, 1st singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular","role":"object","gloss":"myself"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular","role":"object","gloss":"my own self"},{"surface":"ipse","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular","role":"modifier","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"meumque","lemma":"meus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"my"}]},{"number":145,"label":"145","id":"b8-l145","source":"obieci caput et supplex ad limina veni.","translation":"head I have put forward, and I have come to your door as a suppliant.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l145.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"obieci","lemma":"obicio","morphology":"verb, 1st singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"put forward"},{"surface":"caput","lemma":"caput","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"supplex","lemma":"supplex","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"as a suppliant"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"limina","lemma":"limen","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"door"},{"surface":"veni","lemma":"uenio","morphology":"verb, 1st singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"have come"}]},{"number":146,"label":"146","id":"b8-l146","source":"Gens eadem, quae te, crudeli Daunia bello","translation":"The same people that hunts you, the Daunian, hunts us","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l146.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Gens","lemma":"gens","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"eadem","lemma":"idem","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"the same"},{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"that which"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"crudeli","lemma":"crudelis","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"cruel"},{"surface":"Daunia","lemma":"daunus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Daunian"},{"surface":"bello","lemma":"bellum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"war"}]},{"number":147,"label":"147","id":"b8-l147","source":"insequitur; nos si pellant, nihil afore credunt,","translation":"with a cruel war; if they drive us out, they believe nothing will stand","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l147.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"insequitur","lemma":"insequor","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"hunts"},{"surface":"nos","lemma":"nos","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural","role":"object","gloss":"us"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"pellant","lemma":"pello","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"drive off"},{"surface":"nihil","lemma":"nihil","morphology":"noun, indeclinable","role":"subject","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"afore","lemma":"absum","morphology":"verb, future infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"will stand"},{"surface":"credunt","lemma":"credo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"believe"}]},{"number":148,"label":"148","id":"b8-l148","source":"quin omnem Hesperiam penitus sua sub iuga mittant","translation":"in the way of their putting the whole of Hesperia under their yoke","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l148.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quin","lemma":"quin","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"in the way of"},{"surface":"omnem","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"Hesperiam","lemma":"hesperia","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"Hesperia"},{"surface":"penitus","lemma":"penitus","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"utterly"},{"surface":"sua","lemma":"suus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"sub","lemma":"sub","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"iuga","lemma":"iugum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"yoke"},{"surface":"mittant","lemma":"mitto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"putting"}]},{"number":149,"label":"149","id":"b8-l149","source":"et mare quod supra teneant quodque adluit infra.","translation":"and holding the sea above and the sea that washes below.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l149.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"mare","lemma":"mare","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"sea"},{"surface":"quod","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"supra","lemma":"supra","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"above"},{"surface":"teneant","lemma":"teneo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"hold"},{"surface":"quodque","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"that which","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"adluit","lemma":"alluo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"washes"},{"surface":"infra","lemma":"infra","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"below"}]},{"number":150,"label":"150","id":"b8-l150","source":"Accipe daque fidem: sunt nobis fortia bello","translation":"Take faith and give it: we have hearts brave in war,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l150.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Accipe","lemma":"accipio","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"daque","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"give","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"fidem","lemma":"fides","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"faith"},{"surface":"sunt","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"nobis","lemma":"nos","morphology":"pronoun, dative plural","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to us"},{"surface":"fortia","lemma":"fortis","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"brave"},{"surface":"bello","lemma":"bellum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in war"}]},{"number":151,"label":"151","id":"b8-l151","source":"pectora, sunt animi et rebus spectata iuventus.”","translation":"we have spirit, and young men proved in the doing.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l151.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"pectora","lemma":"pectus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"hearts"},{"surface":"sunt","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"animi","lemma":"animus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"spirit"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"rebus","lemma":"res","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in the doing"},{"surface":"spectata","lemma":"specto","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"proved"},{"surface":"iuventus","lemma":"iuuentus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"young men"}]},{"number":152,"label":"152","id":"b8-l152","source":"Dixerat Aeneas. Ille os oculosque loquentis","translation":"Aeneas had spoken. The other had long been going over","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l152.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dixerat","lemma":"dico","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"had spoken"},{"surface":"Aeneas","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Aeneas"},{"surface":"Ille","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"the other"},{"surface":"os","lemma":"os","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"oculosque","lemma":"oculus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"loquentis","lemma":"loquor","morphology":"participle, present active genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the speaker"}]},{"number":153,"label":"153","id":"b8-l153","source":"iamdudum et totum lustrabat lumine corpus.","translation":"the face and eyes of the speaker with his gaze, and his whole body.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l153.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"iamdudum","lemma":"iamdudum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"long ago"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"totum","lemma":"totus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"lustrabat","lemma":"lustro","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was going over"},{"surface":"lumine","lemma":"lumen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with his gaze"},{"surface":"corpus","lemma":"corpus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"body"}]},{"number":154,"label":"154","id":"b8-l154","source":"Tum sic pauca refert: “Ut te, fortissime Teucrum,","translation":"Then he answers briefly: “How gladly, bravest of the Teucrians,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l154.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"sic","lemma":"sic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"pauca","lemma":"paucus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"few"},{"surface":"refert","lemma":"refero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"answers"},{"surface":"Ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"how gladly"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"fortissime","lemma":"fortis","morphology":"adjective, vocative singular masculine, superlative","role":"address","gloss":"bravest"},{"surface":"Teucrum","lemma":"teucer","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the Teucrians"}]},{"number":155,"label":"155","id":"b8-l155","source":"accipio agnoscoque libens! Ut verba parentis","translation":"I take you in and know you again! How I remember the words","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l155.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"accipio","lemma":"accipio","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"I take in"},{"surface":"agnoscoque","lemma":"agnosco","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"know again"},{"surface":"libens","lemma":"libens","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"gladly"},{"surface":"Ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"verba","lemma":"uerbum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"parentis","lemma":"parens","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of your father"}]},{"number":156,"label":"156","id":"b8-l156","source":"et vocem Anchisae magni voltumque recordor!","translation":"and the voice and the face of your father, great Anchises!","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l156.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vocem","lemma":"uox","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"voice"},{"surface":"Anchisae","lemma":"anchises","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Anchises"},{"surface":"magni","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"voltumque","lemma":"uultus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"recordor","lemma":"recordor","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"remember"}]},{"number":157,"label":"157","id":"b8-l157","source":"Nam memini Hesionae visentem regna sororis","translation":"For I remember Priam, son of Laomedon, going to see the kingdom","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l157.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nam","lemma":"nam","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"memini","lemma":"memini","morphology":"verb, 1st singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"remember"},{"surface":"Hesionae","lemma":"hesiona","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Hesiona"},{"surface":"visentem","lemma":"uiso","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"seeing"},{"surface":"regna","lemma":"regnum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"kingdoms"},{"surface":"sororis","lemma":"soror","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"sister"}]},{"number":158,"label":"158","id":"b8-l158","source":"Laomedontiaden Priamum, Salamina petentem,","translation":"of his sister Hesione, making for Salamis,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l158.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Laomedontiaden","lemma":"laomedontiades","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"son of Laomedon"},{"surface":"Priamum","lemma":"priamus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Priam"},{"surface":"Salamina","lemma":"salamis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"Salamis"},{"surface":"petentem","lemma":"peto","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"making for"}]},{"number":159,"label":"159","id":"b8-l159","source":"protinus Arcadiae gelidos invisere finis.","translation":"and going straight on to visit the cold borders of Arcadia.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l159.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"protinus","lemma":"protinus","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"going straight on"},{"surface":"Arcadiae","lemma":"arcadia","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of Arcadia"},{"surface":"gelidos","lemma":"gelidus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"cold"},{"surface":"invisere","lemma":"inuiso","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to visit"},{"surface":"finis","lemma":"finis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"borders"}]},{"number":160,"label":"160","id":"b8-l160","source":"Tum mihi prima genas vestibat flore iuventas,","translation":"Then my first youth was clothing my cheeks with down,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l160.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"mihi","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular","role":"indirect object","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"prima","lemma":"primus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"genas","lemma":"gena","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"cheeks"},{"surface":"vestibat","lemma":"uestio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was clothing"},{"surface":"flore","lemma":"flos","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"iuventas","lemma":"iuuentas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"youth"}]},{"number":161,"label":"161","id":"b8-l161","source":"mirabarque duces Teucros, mirabar et ipsum","translation":"and I wondered at the Teucrian captains, and wondered at","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l161.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"mirabarque","lemma":"miror","morphology":"verb, 1st singular imperfect indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"wondered at"},{"surface":"duces","lemma":"dux","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"captains"},{"surface":"Teucros","lemma":"teucer","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Teucrian"},{"surface":"mirabar","lemma":"miror","morphology":"verb, 1st singular imperfect indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"wondered at"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ipsum","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"himself"}]},{"number":162,"label":"162","id":"b8-l162","source":"Laomedontiaden, sed cunctis altior ibat","translation":"Laomedon's son himself; but taller than all of them walked","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l162.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Laomedontiaden","lemma":"laomedontiades","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"son of Laomedon"},{"surface":"sed","lemma":"sed","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"cunctis","lemma":"cunctus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"altior","lemma":"altus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine, comparative","role":"predicate","gloss":"taller"},{"surface":"ibat","lemma":"eo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"walked"}]},{"number":163,"label":"163","id":"b8-l163","source":"Anchises: mihi mens iuvenali ardebat amore","translation":"Anchises: my heart burned with a young man's love","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l163.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Anchises","lemma":"anchises","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Anchises"},{"surface":"mihi","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular","role":"indirect object","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"mens","lemma":"mens","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"heart"},{"surface":"iuvenali","lemma":"iuuenalis","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"young man's"},{"surface":"ardebat","lemma":"ardeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"burned"},{"surface":"amore","lemma":"amor","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"love"}]},{"number":164,"label":"164","id":"b8-l164","source":"compellare virum et dextrae coniungere dextram.","translation":"to speak to the man and to join my right hand to his.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l164.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"compellare","lemma":"compello","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to speak to"},{"surface":"virum","lemma":"uir","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dextrae","lemma":"dextera","morphology":"noun, dative singular feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"right hand"},{"surface":"coniungere","lemma":"coniungo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to join"},{"surface":"dextram","lemma":"dextera","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"right hand"}]},{"number":165,"label":"165","id":"b8-l165","source":"Accessi et cupidus Phenei sub moenia duxi.","translation":"I went up to him, and eagerly led him under the walls of Pheneus.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l165.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Accessi","lemma":"accedo","morphology":"verb, 1st singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"I went up"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"cupidus","lemma":"cupidus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"eager"},{"surface":"Phenei","lemma":"pheneos","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Pheneos"},{"surface":"sub","lemma":"sub","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"moenia","lemma":"moenia","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"walls"},{"surface":"duxi","lemma":"duco","morphology":"verb, 1st singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"led"}]},{"number":166,"label":"166","id":"b8-l166","source":"Ille mihi insignem pharetram Lyciasque sagittas","translation":"Leaving, he gave me a fine quiver and Lycian arrows,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l166.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ille","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"mihi","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"insignem","lemma":"insignis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"fine"},{"surface":"pharetram","lemma":"pharetra","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"quiver"},{"surface":"Lyciasque","lemma":"lycius","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Lycian","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"sagittas","lemma":"sagitta","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"arrows"}]},{"number":167,"label":"167","id":"b8-l167","source":"discedens chlamydemque auro dedit intertextam","translation":"and a cloak with gold woven through it,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l167.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"discedens","lemma":"discedo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"leaving"},{"surface":"chlamydemque","lemma":"chlamys","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"cloak"},{"surface":"auro","lemma":"aurum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with gold"},{"surface":"dedit","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"gave"},{"surface":"intertextam","lemma":"intertexo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"woven through"}]},{"number":168,"label":"168","id":"b8-l168","source":"frenaque bina meus quae nunc habet aurea Pallas.","translation":"and a pair of golden bits, which my own Pallas has now.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l168.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"frenaque","lemma":"frenum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"bits"},{"surface":"bina","lemma":"bini","morphology":"numeral, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"a pair"},{"surface":"meus","lemma":"meus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"nunc","lemma":"nunc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"habet","lemma":"habeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"aurea","lemma":"aureus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"golden"},{"surface":"Pallas","lemma":"pallas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Pallas"}]},{"number":169,"label":"169","id":"b8-l169","source":"Ergo et quam petitis iuncta est mihi foedere dextra,","translation":"So the right hand you ask for is joined to yours already in treaty,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l169.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ergo","lemma":"ergo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"therefore"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"quam","lemma":"quam","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"petitis","lemma":"peto","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"you ask for"},{"surface":"iuncta","lemma":"iungo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"joined"},{"surface":"est","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"mihi","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"foedere","lemma":"foedus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in treaty"},{"surface":"dextra","lemma":"dextera","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"right hand"}]},{"number":170,"label":"170","id":"b8-l170","source":"et lux cum primum terris se crastina reddet,","translation":"and as soon as tomorrow's light gives itself back to the earth","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l170.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lux","lemma":"lux","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"light"},{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"primum","lemma":"primum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"as soon as"},{"surface":"terris","lemma":"terra","morphology":"noun, dative plural feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to the earth"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular","role":"object","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"crastina","lemma":"crastinus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"tomorrow's"},{"surface":"reddet","lemma":"reddo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular future indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"gives back"}]},{"number":171,"label":"171","id":"b8-l171","source":"auxilio laetos dimittam opibusque iuvabo.","translation":"I will send you off glad with help, and support you with means.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l171.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"auxilio","lemma":"auxilium","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with help"},{"surface":"laetos","lemma":"laetus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"glad"},{"surface":"dimittam","lemma":"dimitto","morphology":"verb, 1st singular future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"will send off"},{"surface":"opibusque","lemma":"ops","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"means"},{"surface":"iuvabo","lemma":"iuuo","morphology":"verb, 1st singular future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"I will support"}]},{"number":172,"label":"172","id":"b8-l172","source":"Interea sacra haec, quando huc venistis amici,","translation":"Meanwhile, since you have come here as friends, keep these rites","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l172.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Interea","lemma":"interea","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"meanwhile"},{"surface":"sacra","lemma":"sacer","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"sacred"},{"surface":"haec","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"quando","lemma":"quando","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"huc","lemma":"huc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"to here"},{"surface":"venistis","lemma":"uenio","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"you have come"},{"surface":"amici","lemma":"amicus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"as friends"}]},{"number":173,"label":"173","id":"b8-l173","source":"annua, quae differre nefas, celebrate faventes","translation":"with us, and with good will (they come once a year, and to put them off","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l173.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"annua","lemma":"annuus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"yearly"},{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"differre","lemma":"differo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to put off"},{"surface":"nefas","lemma":"nefas","morphology":"noun, indeclinable","role":"predicate","gloss":"a sin"},{"surface":"celebrate","lemma":"celebro","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"keep"},{"surface":"faventes","lemma":"faueo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"with good will"}]},{"number":174,"label":"174","id":"b8-l174","source":"nobiscum et iam nunc sociorum adsuescite mensis.”","translation":"is a sin) and from now on grow used to the tables of allies.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l174.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"nobiscum","lemma":"nos","morphology":"pronoun, ablative plural","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"by us"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"iam","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"nunc","lemma":"nunc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"sociorum","lemma":"socius","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of allies"},{"surface":"adsuescite","lemma":"assuesco","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"grow used to"},{"surface":"mensis","lemma":"mensa","morphology":"noun, dative plural feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"tables"}]},{"number":175,"label":"175","id":"b8-l175","source":"Haec ubi dicta, dapes iubet et sublata reponi","translation":"When this was said, he orders the food and the cups that had been taken","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l175.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Haec","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"ubi","lemma":"ubi","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"dicta","lemma":"dico","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural neuter","role":"predicate","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"dapes","lemma":"daps","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"food"},{"surface":"iubet","lemma":"iubeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"orders"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sublata","lemma":"tollo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"taken away"},{"surface":"reponi","lemma":"repono","morphology":"verb, present infinitive passive","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to be put back"}]},{"number":176,"label":"176","id":"b8-l176","source":"pocula gramineoque viros locat ipse sedili","translation":"to be set back, and he himself seats the men on a grass bench,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l176.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"pocula","lemma":"poculum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"cups"},{"surface":"gramineoque","lemma":"gramineus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"grass"},{"surface":"viros","lemma":"uir","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"locat","lemma":"loco","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"seats"},{"surface":"ipse","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"sedili","lemma":"sedile","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"on a bench"}]},{"number":177,"label":"177","id":"b8-l177","source":"praecipuumque toro et villosi pelle leonis","translation":"and takes Aeneas above the rest onto a couch and the hide","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l177.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"praecipuumque","lemma":"praecipuus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"above the rest"},{"surface":"toro","lemma":"torus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"onto a couch"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"villosi","lemma":"uillosus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"shaggy"},{"surface":"pelle","lemma":"pellis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"onto the hide"},{"surface":"leonis","lemma":"leo","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"lion"}]},{"number":178,"label":"178","id":"b8-l178","source":"accipit Aenean solioque invitat acerno.","translation":"of a shaggy lion, and invites him to a maple chair.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l178.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"accipit","lemma":"accipio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"takes"},{"surface":"Aenean","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Aeneas"},{"surface":"solioque","lemma":"solium","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"to a chair","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"invitat","lemma":"inuito","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"invites"},{"surface":"acerno","lemma":"acernus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"maple"}]},{"number":179,"label":"179","id":"b8-l179","source":"Tum lecti iuvenes certatim araeque sacerdos","translation":"Then chosen young men and the priest of the altar vie in bringing","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l179.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"lecti","lemma":"lectus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"chosen, picked"},{"surface":"iuvenes","lemma":"iuuenis","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"young men"},{"surface":"certatim","lemma":"certatim","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"competing"},{"surface":"araeque","lemma":"ara","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"altar"},{"surface":"sacerdos","lemma":"sacerdos","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"priest"}]},{"number":180,"label":"180","id":"b8-l180","source":"viscera tosta ferunt taurorum onerantque canistris","translation":"the roasted flesh of bulls, and load the baskets","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l180.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"viscera","lemma":"uiscus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"flesh"},{"surface":"tosta","lemma":"torreo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"roasted"},{"surface":"ferunt","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"bring"},{"surface":"taurorum","lemma":"taurus","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"bulls"},{"surface":"onerantque","lemma":"onero","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"load"},{"surface":"canistris","lemma":"canistrum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"baskets"}]},{"number":181,"label":"181","id":"b8-l181","source":"dona laboratae Cereris Bacchumque ministrant.","translation":"with the gifts of Ceres worked by hand, and serve out Bacchus.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l181.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"dona","lemma":"donum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"gifts"},{"surface":"laboratae","lemma":"laboro","morphology":"participle, perfect passive genitive singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"worked"},{"surface":"Cereris","lemma":"ceres","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Ceres"},{"surface":"Bacchumque","lemma":"bacchus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Bacchus"},{"surface":"ministrant","lemma":"ministro","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"serve"}]},{"number":182,"label":"182","id":"b8-l182","source":"Vescitur Aeneas simul et Troiana iuventus","translation":"Aeneas feeds, and the Trojan young men with him,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l182.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vescitur","lemma":"uescor","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"feeds"},{"surface":"Aeneas","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Aeneas"},{"surface":"simul","lemma":"simul","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"together"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Troiana","lemma":"troianus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Trojan"},{"surface":"iuventus","lemma":"iuuentus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"young men"}]},{"number":183,"label":"183","id":"b8-l183","source":"perpetui tergo bovis et lustralibus extis.","translation":"on the long chine of an ox and the entrails of the offering.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l183.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"perpetui","lemma":"perpetuus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"tergo","lemma":"tergum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"on the chine"},{"surface":"bovis","lemma":"bos","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"ox"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lustralibus","lemma":"lustralis","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"of the offering"},{"surface":"extis","lemma":"exta","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"entrails"}]},{"number":184,"label":"184","id":"b8-l184","source":"Postquam exempta fames et amor compressus edendi,","translation":"After hunger was taken away and the desire of eating put down,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l184.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Postquam","lemma":"postquam","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"exempta","lemma":"eximo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"taken away"},{"surface":"fames","lemma":"fames","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"hunger"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"amor","lemma":"amor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"desire"},{"surface":"compressus","lemma":"comprimo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"put down"},{"surface":"edendi","lemma":"edo","morphology":"gerund, genitive","role":"verbal noun","gloss":"eating"}]},{"number":185,"label":"185","id":"b8-l185","source":"rex Euandrus ait: “Non haec sollemnia nobis,","translation":"king Evander says: “It is not these solemn rites of ours,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l185.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"rex","lemma":"rex","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"king"},{"surface":"Euandrus","lemma":"euander","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Evander"},{"surface":"ait","lemma":"aio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"says"},{"surface":"Non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"haec","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"sollemnia","lemma":"sollemnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"solemn rites"},{"surface":"nobis","lemma":"nos","morphology":"pronoun, dative plural","role":"possessive","gloss":"of ours"}]},{"number":186,"label":"186","id":"b8-l186","source":"has ex more dapes, hanc tanti numinis aram","translation":"these feasts in the old way, this altar of so great a power,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l186.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"has","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"ex","lemma":"ex","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"more","lemma":"mos","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"dapes","lemma":"daps","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"feasts"},{"surface":"hanc","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"tanti","lemma":"tantus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"so great"},{"surface":"numinis","lemma":"numen","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"of power"},{"surface":"aram","lemma":"ara","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"altar"}]},{"number":187,"label":"187","id":"b8-l187","source":"vana superstitio veterumque ignara deorum","translation":"that an empty superstition ignorant of the ancient gods","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l187.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"vana","lemma":"uanus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"empty"},{"surface":"superstitio","lemma":"superstitio","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"superstition"},{"surface":"veterumque","lemma":"uetus","morphology":"adjective, genitive plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"old","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"ignara","lemma":"ignarus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"ignorant"},{"surface":"deorum","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"gods"}]},{"number":188,"label":"188","id":"b8-l188","source":"inposuit: saevis, hospes Troiane, periclis","translation":"has laid upon us: saved, Trojan guest, out of savage dangers,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l188.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"inposuit","lemma":"impono","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"has laid upon us"},{"surface":"saevis","lemma":"saeuus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"savage"},{"surface":"hospes","lemma":"hospes","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"guest"},{"surface":"Troiane","lemma":"troianus","morphology":"adjective, vocative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Trojan"},{"surface":"periclis","lemma":"periculum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"out of dangers"}]},{"number":189,"label":"189","id":"b8-l189","source":"servati facimus meritosque novamus honores.","translation":"we do this, and renew honors that were earned.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l189.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"servati","lemma":"seruo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"saved"},{"surface":"facimus","lemma":"facio","morphology":"verb, 1st plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"we do"},{"surface":"meritosque","lemma":"mereor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having earned"},{"surface":"novamus","lemma":"nouo","morphology":"verb, 1st plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"renew"},{"surface":"honores","lemma":"honor","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"honors"}]},{"number":190,"label":"190","id":"b8-l190","source":"Iam primum saxis suspensam hanc aspice rupem,","translation":"Now first, look at this crag hanging on its rocks,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l190.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Iam","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"primum","lemma":"primum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"saxis","lemma":"saxum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"rocks"},{"surface":"suspensam","lemma":"suspendo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been hanged up"},{"surface":"hanc","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"aspice","lemma":"aspicio","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"look at"},{"surface":"rupem","lemma":"rupes","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"crag"}]},{"number":191,"label":"191","id":"b8-l191","source":"disiectae procul ut moles desertaque montis","translation":"how the masses lie flung far apart, and the mountain's house","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l191.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"disiectae","lemma":"disicio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"flung apart"},{"surface":"procul","lemma":"procul","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"far off"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"moles","lemma":"moles","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"masses"},{"surface":"desertaque","lemma":"desertus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"deserted","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"montis","lemma":"mons","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"mountain"}]},{"number":192,"label":"192","id":"b8-l192","source":"stat domus et scopuli ingentem traxere ruinam.","translation":"stands deserted, and the cliffs have dragged down a huge ruin.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l192.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"stat","lemma":"sto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"stands"},{"surface":"domus","lemma":"domus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"scopuli","lemma":"scopulus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"cliffs"},{"surface":"ingentem","lemma":"ingens","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"huge"},{"surface":"traxere","lemma":"traho","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"dragged"},{"surface":"ruinam","lemma":"ruina","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"ruin"}]},{"number":193,"label":"193","id":"b8-l193","source":"Hic spelunca fuit, vasto summota recessu,","translation":"Here there was a cave, drawn back in a vast recess,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l193.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"spelunca","lemma":"spelunca","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"cave"},{"surface":"fuit","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"vasto","lemma":"uastus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"vast"},{"surface":"summota","lemma":"summoueo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"drawn back"},{"surface":"recessu","lemma":"recessus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in a recess"}]},{"number":194,"label":"194","id":"b8-l194","source":"semihominis Caci facies quam dira tenebat","translation":"which the dreadful face of half-human Cacus held,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l194.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Caci","title":"A name that sounds like evil","body":"Caci is the genitive of Cacus, a name close to the Greek kakos, 'evil', which Vergil's readers would have heard in it. He is described here as semihominis, 'half-human', a monster placed in a cave on a hill Roman readers could actually visit."}],"words":[{"surface":"semihominis","lemma":"semihomo","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"half-human"},{"surface":"Caci","lemma":"cacus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Cacus"},{"surface":"facies","lemma":"facies","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"quam","lemma":"quam","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"dira","lemma":"dirus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"dreadful"},{"surface":"tenebat","lemma":"teneo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"held"}]},{"number":195,"label":"195","id":"b8-l195","source":"solis inaccessam radiis; semperque recenti","translation":"never reached by the sun's rays; and the ground was always warm","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l195.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"solis","lemma":"sol","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the sun"},{"surface":"inaccessam","lemma":"inaccessus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"never reached"},{"surface":"radiis","lemma":"radius","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by rays"},{"surface":"semperque","lemma":"semper","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"recenti","lemma":"recens","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"fresh"}]},{"number":196,"label":"196","id":"b8-l196","source":"caede tepebat humus, foribusque adfixa superbis","translation":"with fresh slaughter, and nailed to the arrogant doorposts","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l196.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"caede","lemma":"caedes","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"slaughter"},{"surface":"tepebat","lemma":"tepeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was warm"},{"surface":"humus","lemma":"humus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"ground"},{"surface":"foribusque","lemma":"foris","morphology":"noun, dative plural feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to the doorposts"},{"surface":"adfixa","lemma":"affigo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"nailed"},{"surface":"superbis","lemma":"superbus","morphology":"adjective, dative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"arrogant"}]},{"number":197,"label":"197","id":"b8-l197","source":"ora virum tristi pendebant pallida tabo.","translation":"the faces of men hung pale with grim decay.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l197.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ora","lemma":"os","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"faces"},{"surface":"virum","lemma":"uir","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of men"},{"surface":"tristi","lemma":"tristis","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"grim"},{"surface":"pendebant","lemma":"pendeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"hung"},{"surface":"pallida","lemma":"pallidus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural neuter","role":"predicate","gloss":"pale"},{"surface":"tabo","lemma":"tabum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with decay"}]},{"number":198,"label":"198","id":"b8-l198","source":"Huic monstro Volcanus erat pater: illius atros","translation":"This monster had Vulcan for a father: it was his black fires","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l198.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Huic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"monstro","lemma":"monstrum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"apposition","gloss":"monster"},{"surface":"Volcanus","lemma":"uulcanus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Vulcan"},{"surface":"erat","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"pater","lemma":"pater","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"illius","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"atros","lemma":"ater","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"black"}]},{"number":199,"label":"199","id":"b8-l199","source":"ore vomens ignis magna se mole ferebat.","translation":"the thing spewed from its mouth as it heaved its great bulk along.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l199.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ore","lemma":"os","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"mouth"},{"surface":"vomens","lemma":"uomo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"spewing"},{"surface":"ignis","lemma":"ignis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"fires"},{"surface":"magna","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"mole","lemma":"moles","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with bulk"},{"surface":"ferebat","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"heaved"}]},{"number":200,"label":"200","id":"b8-l200","source":"Attulit et nobis aliquando optantibus aetas","translation":"Time at last brought us too, who had wanted it,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l200.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Attulit","lemma":"affero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"brought"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"nobis","lemma":"nos","morphology":"pronoun, dative plural","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to us"},{"surface":"aliquando","lemma":"aliquando","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at last"},{"surface":"optantibus","lemma":"opto","morphology":"participle, present active dative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"wishing for"},{"surface":"aetas","lemma":"aetas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"time"}]},{"number":201,"label":"201","id":"b8-l201","source":"auxilium adventumque dei. Nam maximus ultor,","translation":"help, and a god's coming. For the greatest of avengers,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l201.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"auxilium","lemma":"auxilium","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"help"},{"surface":"adventumque","lemma":"aduentus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"coming"},{"surface":"dei","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"god"},{"surface":"Nam","lemma":"nam","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"maximus","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine, superlative","role":"modifier","gloss":"greatest"},{"surface":"ultor","lemma":"ultor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"avenger"}]},{"number":202,"label":"202","id":"b8-l202","source":"tergemini nece Geryonae spoliisque superbus","translation":"proud with the killing of threefold Geryon and with the spoils,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l202.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"tergemini","lemma":"tergeminus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"threefold"},{"surface":"nece","lemma":"nex","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with the killing"},{"surface":"Geryonae","lemma":"geryones","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Geryones"},{"surface":"spoliisque","lemma":"spolium","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with the spoils","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"superbus","lemma":"superbus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"proud"}]},{"number":203,"label":"203","id":"b8-l203","source":"Alcides aderat taurosque hac victor agebat","translation":"Alcides was here, and drove his huge bulls this way in triumph,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l203.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Alcides","lemma":"alcides","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Alcides"},{"surface":"aderat","lemma":"adsum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was here"},{"surface":"taurosque","lemma":"taurus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"bulls"},{"surface":"hac","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"victor","lemma":"uictor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"in triumph"},{"surface":"agebat","lemma":"ago","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"drove"}]},{"number":204,"label":"204","id":"b8-l204","source":"ingentis, vallemque boves amnemque tenebant.","translation":"and the cattle filled the valley and the river.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l204.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ingentis","lemma":"ingens","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"huge"},{"surface":"vallemque","lemma":"ualles","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"valley, vale"},{"surface":"boves","lemma":"bos","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"cattle"},{"surface":"amnemque","lemma":"amnis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"river"},{"surface":"tenebant","lemma":"teneo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"filled"}]},{"number":205,"label":"205","id":"b8-l205","source":"At furiis Caci mens effera, nequid inausum","translation":"But Cacus, his mind wild with furies, so that nothing","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l205.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"At","lemma":"at","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"furiis","lemma":"furia","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with furies"},{"surface":"Caci","lemma":"cacus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Cacus"},{"surface":"mens","lemma":"mens","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"mind"},{"surface":"effera","lemma":"efferus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"wild"},{"surface":"nequid","lemma":"nequis","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"so that nothing"},{"surface":"inausum","lemma":"inausus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular neuter","role":"predicate","gloss":"undared"}]},{"number":206,"label":"206","id":"b8-l206","source":"aut intractatum scelerisve dolive fuisset,","translation":"of crime or trickery should be left undared or untried,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l206.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"aut","lemma":"aut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"intractatum","lemma":"intractatus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular neuter","role":"predicate","gloss":"untried"},{"surface":"scelerisve","lemma":"scelus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"crime"},{"surface":"dolive","lemma":"dolus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of trickery"},{"surface":"fuisset","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"should have been"}]},{"number":207,"label":"207","id":"b8-l207","source":"quattuor a stabulis praestanti corpore tauros","translation":"turned four bulls of outstanding body away from the stalls","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l207.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quattuor","lemma":"quattuor","morphology":"numeral","role":"modifier","gloss":"four"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"ab","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"stabulis","lemma":"stabulum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"stalls"},{"surface":"praestanti","lemma":"praesto","morphology":"participle, present active ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"outstanding"},{"surface":"corpore","lemma":"corpus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"body"},{"surface":"tauros","lemma":"taurus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"bulls"}]},{"number":208,"label":"208","id":"b8-l208","source":"avertit, totidem forma superante iuvencas;","translation":"and as many heifers of surpassing shape;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l208.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"avertit","lemma":"auerto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"turned away"},{"surface":"totidem","lemma":"totidem","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"as many"},{"surface":"forma","lemma":"forma","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in shape"},{"surface":"superante","lemma":"supero","morphology":"participle, present active ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"surpassing"},{"surface":"iuvencas","lemma":"iuuenca","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"heifers"}]},{"number":209,"label":"209","id":"b8-l209","source":"atque hos, nequa forent pedibus vestigia rectis,","translation":"and these, so that there should be no tracks pointing forward,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l209.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hos","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"nequa","lemma":"nequis","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"forent","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"should there be"},{"surface":"pedibus","lemma":"pes","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"feet"},{"surface":"vestigia","lemma":"uestigium","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"tracks"},{"surface":"rectis","lemma":"rectus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"pointing forward"}]},{"number":210,"label":"210","id":"b8-l210","source":"cauda in speluncam tractos versisque viarum","translation":"he dragged by the tail into his cave, and with the signs","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l210.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"cauda","lemma":"cauda","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"tail"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"speluncam","lemma":"spelunca","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"cave"},{"surface":"tractos","lemma":"traho","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"dragged"},{"surface":"versisque","lemma":"uerto","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"having turned"},{"surface":"viarum","lemma":"uia","morphology":"noun, genitive plural feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"roads"}]},{"number":211,"label":"211","id":"b8-l211","source":"indiciis raptos saxo occultabat opaco:","translation":"of the road turned about he hid what he had seized in dark rock:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l211.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"indiciis","lemma":"indicium","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with the signs"},{"surface":"raptos","lemma":"rapio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"what he had seized"},{"surface":"saxo","lemma":"saxum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"rock"},{"surface":"occultabat","lemma":"occulto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"hid"},{"surface":"opaco","lemma":"opacus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"dark"}]},{"number":212,"label":"212","id":"b8-l212","source":"quaerenti nulla ad speluncam signa ferebant.","translation":"no marks led a searcher toward the cave.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l212.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quaerenti","lemma":"quaero","morphology":"participle, present active dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"for a searcher"},{"surface":"nulla","lemma":"nullus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"speluncam","lemma":"spelunca","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"cave"},{"surface":"signa","lemma":"signum","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"marks"},{"surface":"ferebant","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"led"}]},{"number":213,"label":"213","id":"b8-l213","source":"Interea, cum iam stabulis saturata moveret","translation":"Meanwhile, when the son of Amphitryon was already moving","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l213.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Interea","lemma":"interea","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"meanwhile"},{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"iam","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"stabulis","lemma":"stabulum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"from the stalls"},{"surface":"saturata","lemma":"saturo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"well-fed"},{"surface":"moveret","lemma":"moueo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"moved"}]},{"number":214,"label":"214","id":"b8-l214","source":"Amphitryoniades armenta abitumque pararet,","translation":"the well-fed herds from the stalls and making ready to go,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l214.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Amphitryoniades","lemma":"amphitryoniades","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"son of Amphitryon"},{"surface":"armenta","lemma":"armentum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"herds"},{"surface":"abitumque","lemma":"abitus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"going"},{"surface":"pararet","lemma":"paro","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"was making ready"}]},{"number":215,"label":"215","id":"b8-l215","source":"discessu mugire boves atque omne querelis","translation":"the cattle began to low at leaving, and the whole wood","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l215.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"discessu","lemma":"discessus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"at leaving"},{"surface":"mugire","lemma":"mugio","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to low"},{"surface":"boves","lemma":"bos","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"cattle"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"omne","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"querelis","lemma":"querela","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with complaint"}]},{"number":216,"label":"216","id":"b8-l216","source":"impleri nemus et colles clamore relinqui.","translation":"to be filled with complaint, and the hills to be left with an outcry.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l216.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"impleri","lemma":"impleo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive passive","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to be filled up"},{"surface":"nemus","lemma":"nemus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"wood"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"colles","lemma":"collis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"hills"},{"surface":"clamore","lemma":"clamor","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with an outcry"},{"surface":"relinqui","lemma":"relinquo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive passive","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to be left behind"}]},{"number":217,"label":"217","id":"b8-l217","source":"reddidit una boum vocem vastoque sub antro","translation":"One of the cows gave a call back, and under the vast cave","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l217.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"reddidit","lemma":"reddo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"gave back"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"unus","morphology":"numeral, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"boum","lemma":"bos","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"cows"},{"surface":"vocem","lemma":"uox","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"call"},{"surface":"vastoque","lemma":"uastus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"vast"},{"surface":"sub","lemma":"sub","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"antro","lemma":"antrum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"cave"}]},{"number":218,"label":"218","id":"b8-l218","source":"mugiit et Caci spem custodita fefellit.","translation":"lowed, and though shut in and watched, cheated Cacus of his hope.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l218.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"mugiit","lemma":"mugio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"lowed"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Caci","lemma":"cacus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Cacus"},{"surface":"spem","lemma":"spes","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"hope"},{"surface":"custodita","lemma":"custodio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"shut in"},{"surface":"fefellit","lemma":"fallo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"cheated"}]},{"number":219,"label":"219","id":"b8-l219","source":"Hic vero Alcidae furiis exarserat atro","translation":"At that the grief of Alcides blazed up with fury","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l219.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"atro felle dolor","title":"Anger placed in an organ","body":"fel means 'gall' or 'bile', and atro felle, 'with black bile', locates Hercules's anger physically in an organ rather than as an abstract feeling. It is more bodily than the general word ira, 'anger', which this same episode uses of him eleven lines later."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at that"},{"surface":"vero","lemma":"uero","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"Alcidae","lemma":"alcides","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Alcides"},{"surface":"furiis","lemma":"furia","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with fury"},{"surface":"exarserat","lemma":"exardesco","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"had blazed up"},{"surface":"atro","lemma":"ater","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"black"}]},{"number":220,"label":"220","id":"b8-l220","source":"felle dolor: rapit arma manu nodisque gravatum","translation":"and black bile: he snatches his weapons in his hand, and the club","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l220.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"felle","lemma":"fel","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with bile"},{"surface":"dolor","lemma":"dolor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"grief"},{"surface":"rapit","lemma":"rapio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"snatches"},{"surface":"arma","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"weapons"},{"surface":"manu","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"nodisque","lemma":"nodus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"knots"},{"surface":"gravatum","lemma":"grauo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"heavy"}]},{"number":221,"label":"221","id":"b8-l221","source":"robur et aerii cursu petit ardua montis.","translation":"heavy with knots, and makes at a run for the steeps of the high mountain.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l221.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"robur","lemma":"robur","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"club"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"aerii","lemma":"aerius","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"high"},{"surface":"cursu","lemma":"cursus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"at a run"},{"surface":"petit","lemma":"peto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"makes for"},{"surface":"ardua","lemma":"arduus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"steeps"},{"surface":"montis","lemma":"mons","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"mountain"}]},{"number":222,"label":"222","id":"b8-l222","source":"Tum primum nostri Cacum videre timentem","translation":"Then for the first time our people saw Cacus afraid,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l222.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"primum","lemma":"primum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"nostri","lemma":"noster","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"our people"},{"surface":"Cacum","lemma":"cacus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Cacus"},{"surface":"videre","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"saw"},{"surface":"timentem","lemma":"timeo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"afraid"}]},{"number":223,"label":"223","id":"b8-l223","source":"turbatumque oculis: fugit ilicet ocior Euro","translation":"and troubled in the eyes: at once he flees, faster than the East Wind,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l223.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"turbatumque","lemma":"turbo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"troubled"},{"surface":"oculis","lemma":"oculus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"fugit","lemma":"fugio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"flees"},{"surface":"ilicet","lemma":"ilicet","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"ocior","lemma":"ocior","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine, comparative","role":"predicate","gloss":"faster"},{"surface":"Euro","lemma":"eurus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"east wind"}]},{"number":224,"label":"224","id":"b8-l224","source":"speluncamque petit, pedibus timor addidit alas.","translation":"and makes for his cave; fear put wings on his feet.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l224.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"speluncamque","lemma":"spelunca","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"cave"},{"surface":"petit","lemma":"peto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"makes for"},{"surface":"pedibus","lemma":"pes","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"feet"},{"surface":"timor","lemma":"timor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"fear"},{"surface":"addidit","lemma":"addo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"put"},{"surface":"alas","lemma":"ala","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"wings"}]},{"number":225,"label":"225","id":"b8-l225","source":"Ut sese inclusit ruptisque immane catenis","translation":"When he had shut himself in, and had broken the chains and dropped","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l225.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"sese","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"inclusit","lemma":"includo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"shut himself in"},{"surface":"ruptisque","lemma":"rumpo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been broken"},{"surface":"immane","lemma":"immanis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"huge"},{"surface":"catenis","lemma":"catena","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"chains"}]},{"number":226,"label":"226","id":"b8-l226","source":"deiecit saxum, ferro quod et arte paterna","translation":"the huge rock that hung there by iron and his father's craft,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l226.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"deiecit","lemma":"deicio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"threw"},{"surface":"saxum","lemma":"saxum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"rock"},{"surface":"ferro","lemma":"ferrum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"iron"},{"surface":"quod","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"arte","lemma":"ars","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by craft"},{"surface":"paterna","lemma":"paternus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"father's"}]},{"number":227,"label":"227","id":"b8-l227","source":"pendebat, fultosque emuniit obice postis,","translation":"and had blocked and propped the doorposts with the bar,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l227.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"pendebat","lemma":"pendeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"hung"},{"surface":"fultosque","lemma":"fulcio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"propped"},{"surface":"emuniit","lemma":"emunio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"barred"},{"surface":"obice","lemma":"obex","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"bar"},{"surface":"postis","lemma":"postis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"doorposts"}]},{"number":228,"label":"228","id":"b8-l228","source":"ecce furens animis aderat Tirynthius omnemque","translation":"look, the Tirynthian was there, raging in spirit, and searching","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l228.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ecce","lemma":"ecce","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation","gloss":"look"},{"surface":"furens","lemma":"furo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"raging"},{"surface":"animis","lemma":"animus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in spirit"},{"surface":"aderat","lemma":"adsum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was there"},{"surface":"Tirynthius","lemma":"tirynthius","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Tirynthian"},{"surface":"omnemque","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"every"}]},{"number":229,"label":"229","id":"b8-l229","source":"accessum lustrans huc ora ferebat et illuc,","translation":"every way in, turning his face this way and that,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l229.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"accessum","lemma":"accessus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"way in"},{"surface":"lustrans","lemma":"lustro","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"searching"},{"surface":"huc","lemma":"huc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"this way"},{"surface":"ora","lemma":"os","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"ferebat","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"turned"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"illuc","lemma":"illuc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"that way"}]},{"number":230,"label":"230","id":"b8-l230","source":"dentibus infrendens. Ter totum fervidus ira","translation":"grinding his teeth. Three times, boiling with anger, he goes round","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l230.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Ter ... ter ... ter","title":"Three times, marking failure","body":"ter, 'three times', repeats across a line and a half, marking a fixed count of failed attempts before the thing finally gives. Vergil uses the same triple structure elsewhere in the poem, and each time it comes right before a breakthrough."}],"words":[{"surface":"dentibus","lemma":"dens","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"teeth"},{"surface":"infrendens","lemma":"infrendeo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"grinding"},{"surface":"Ter","lemma":"ter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"three times"},{"surface":"totum","lemma":"totus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"fervidus","lemma":"feruidus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"boiling"},{"surface":"ira","lemma":"ira","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"anger"}]},{"number":231,"label":"231","id":"b8-l231","source":"lustrat Aventini montem, ter saxea temptat","translation":"the whole Aventine hill; three times he tries the stone","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l231.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"lustrat","lemma":"lustro","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"goes around"},{"surface":"Aventini","lemma":"auentinus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Aventine"},{"surface":"montem","lemma":"mons","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"hill"},{"surface":"ter","lemma":"ter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"three times"},{"surface":"saxea","lemma":"saxeus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"stone"},{"surface":"temptat","lemma":"tento","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"tries"}]},{"number":232,"label":"232","id":"b8-l232","source":"limina nequiquam, ter fessus valle resedit.","translation":"threshold in vain; three times he sat down worn out in the valley.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l232.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"limina","lemma":"limen","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"thresholds"},{"surface":"nequiquam","lemma":"nequiquam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"in vain"},{"surface":"ter","lemma":"ter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"three times"},{"surface":"fessus","lemma":"fessus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"worn out"},{"surface":"valle","lemma":"ualles","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"valley, vale"},{"surface":"resedit","lemma":"resideo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"sat down"}]},{"number":233,"label":"233","id":"b8-l233","source":"Stabat acuta silex, praecisis undique saxis","translation":"A sharp flint stood there, cut sheer on every side,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l233.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Stabat","lemma":"sto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"acuta","lemma":"acutus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"sharp"},{"surface":"silex","lemma":"silex","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"flint"},{"surface":"praecisis","lemma":"praecido","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"cut sheer"},{"surface":"undique","lemma":"undique","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"from every side"},{"surface":"saxis","lemma":"saxum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"rocks"}]},{"number":234,"label":"234","id":"b8-l234","source":"speluncae dorso insurgens, altissima visu,","translation":"rising on the cave's back, very high to look at,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l234.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"speluncae","lemma":"spelunca","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"cave"},{"surface":"dorso","lemma":"dorsum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"on the back"},{"surface":"insurgens","lemma":"insurgo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"rising"},{"surface":"altissima","lemma":"altus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine, superlative","role":"predicate","gloss":"high"},{"surface":"visu","lemma":"uisus","morphology":"supine, ablative","role":"purpose","gloss":"to see"}]},{"number":235,"label":"235","id":"b8-l235","source":"dirarum nidis domus opportuna volucrum.","translation":"a house well suited to the nests of ill-boding birds.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l235.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"dirarum","lemma":"dirus","morphology":"adjective, genitive plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"ill-boding"},{"surface":"nidis","lemma":"nidus","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"nests"},{"surface":"domus","lemma":"domus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"opportuna","lemma":"opportunus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"well suited"},{"surface":"volucrum","lemma":"uolucris","morphology":"noun, genitive plural feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"bird, flying insect"}]},{"number":236,"label":"236","id":"b8-l236","source":"Hanc, ut prona iugo laevum incumbebat in amnem,","translation":"This, as it leaned forward from the ridge toward the river on the left,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l236.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hanc","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"prona","lemma":"pronus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"leaning forward"},{"surface":"iugo","lemma":"iugum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"from the ridge"},{"surface":"laevum","lemma":"laeuus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"on the left"},{"surface":"incumbebat","lemma":"incumbo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"leaned forward"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"amnem","lemma":"amnis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"river"}]},{"number":237,"label":"237","id":"b8-l237","source":"dexter in adversum nitens concussit et imis","translation":"he shook, straining against it from the right, and tore it","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l237.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"dexter","lemma":"dexter","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"right"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"adversum","lemma":"aduersus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"nitens","lemma":"nitor","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"straining"},{"surface":"concussit","lemma":"concutio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"shook violently"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"imis","lemma":"imus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"lowest"}]},{"number":238,"label":"238","id":"b8-l238","source":"avolsam solvit radicibus; inde repente","translation":"loose from its lowest roots; then all at once","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l238.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"avolsam","lemma":"auello","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"torn loose"},{"surface":"solvit","lemma":"soluo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"tore loose"},{"surface":"radicibus","lemma":"radix","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"roots"},{"surface":"inde","lemma":"inde","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"repente","lemma":"repente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"all at once"}]},{"number":239,"label":"239","id":"b8-l239","source":"inpulit, inpulsu quo maximus intonat aether","translation":"he shoved, and at the shove the great upper air thunders,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l239.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"inpulit","lemma":"impello","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"shoved"},{"surface":"inpulsu","lemma":"impulsus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"at the shove"},{"surface":"quo","lemma":"quo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at which"},{"surface":"maximus","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine, superlative","role":"modifier","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"intonat","lemma":"intono","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"thunders out"},{"surface":"aether","lemma":"aether","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"upper air"}]},{"number":240,"label":"240","id":"b8-l240","source":"dissultant ripae refluitque exterritus amnis.","translation":"the banks leap apart, and the terrified river flows backward.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l240.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"dissultant","lemma":"dissulto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"burst apart"},{"surface":"ripae","lemma":"ripa","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"banks"},{"surface":"refluitque","lemma":"refluo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"flows back","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"exterritus","lemma":"exterreo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"terrified"},{"surface":"amnis","lemma":"amnis","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"river"}]},{"number":241,"label":"241","id":"b8-l241","source":"At specus et Caci detecta apparuit ingens","translation":"But the den was uncovered, and Cacus' huge palace","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l241.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"At","lemma":"at","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"specus","lemma":"specus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"den"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Caci","lemma":"cacus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Cacus"},{"surface":"detecta","lemma":"detego","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"uncovered"},{"surface":"apparuit","lemma":"appareo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"stood open to view"},{"surface":"ingens","lemma":"ingens","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"huge"}]},{"number":242,"label":"242","id":"b8-l242","source":"regia, et umbrosae penitus patuere cavernae:","translation":"stood open to view, and the shadowy caverns lay bare to the floor:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l242.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"regia","lemma":"regia","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"palace, court"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"umbrosae","lemma":"umbrosus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"shadowy"},{"surface":"penitus","lemma":"penitus","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"to the floor"},{"surface":"patuere","lemma":"pateo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"lay open"},{"surface":"cavernae","lemma":"cauerna","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"caverns"}]},{"number":243,"label":"243","id":"b8-l243","source":"non secus ac siqua penitus vi terra dehiscens","translation":"not otherwise than if the earth, gaping deep under some force,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l243.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"secus","lemma":"secus","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"otherwise"},{"surface":"ac","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"siqua","lemma":"siquis","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"if some"},{"surface":"penitus","lemma":"penitus","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"deep"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"uis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"force"},{"surface":"terra","lemma":"terra","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"earth"},{"surface":"dehiscens","lemma":"dehisco","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"gaping"}]},{"number":244,"label":"244","id":"b8-l244","source":"infernas reseret sedes et regna recludat","translation":"should unbar the seats below and lay open the pale","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l244.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"infernas","lemma":"infernus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"below"},{"surface":"reseret","lemma":"resero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"should unbar"},{"surface":"sedes","lemma":"sedes","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"seats"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"regna","lemma":"regnum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"kingdoms"},{"surface":"recludat","lemma":"recludo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"should lay open"}]},{"number":245,"label":"245","id":"b8-l245","source":"pallida, dis invisa, superque immane barathrum","translation":"kingdoms the gods hate, and the vast pit be seen","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l245.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"pallida","lemma":"pallidus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"pale"},{"surface":"dis","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to the gods"},{"surface":"invisa","lemma":"inuisus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"hated"},{"surface":"superque","lemma":"super","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"from above","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"immane","lemma":"immanis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"vast"},{"surface":"barathrum","lemma":"barathrum","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"pit"}]},{"number":246,"label":"246","id":"b8-l246","source":"cernatur, trepident inmisso lumine manes.","translation":"from above, and the ghosts tremble at the light let in.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l246.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"cernatur","lemma":"cerno","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive passive","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"be seen"},{"surface":"trepident","lemma":"trepido","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"tremble"},{"surface":"inmisso","lemma":"immitto","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"let in"},{"surface":"lumine","lemma":"lumen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"light"},{"surface":"manes","lemma":"manes","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"ghosts"}]},{"number":247,"label":"247","id":"b8-l247","source":"Ergo insperata deprensum luce repente","translation":"So, caught all at once in the light he had not looked for","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l247.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ergo","lemma":"ergo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"therefore"},{"surface":"insperata","lemma":"insperatus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"not looked for"},{"surface":"deprensum","lemma":"deprehendo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"caught"},{"surface":"luce","lemma":"lux","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"light"},{"surface":"repente","lemma":"repente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"all at once"}]},{"number":248,"label":"248","id":"b8-l248","source":"inclusumque cavo saxo atque insueta rudentem","translation":"and shut in the hollow rock, and roaring as he never had,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l248.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"inclusumque","lemma":"includo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"shut in","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"cavo","lemma":"cauus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"hollow"},{"surface":"saxo","lemma":"saxum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"rock"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"insueta","lemma":"insuetus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"unaccustomed cries"},{"surface":"rudentem","lemma":"rudo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"roaring"}]},{"number":249,"label":"249","id":"b8-l249","source":"desuper Alcides telis premit omniaque arma","translation":"Alcides presses him from above with missiles and calls up","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l249.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"desuper","lemma":"desuper","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"from above"},{"surface":"Alcides","lemma":"alcides","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Alcides"},{"surface":"telis","lemma":"telum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"missiles"},{"surface":"premit","lemma":"premo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"presses"},{"surface":"omniaque","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"all","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"arma","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"weapons"}]},{"number":250,"label":"250","id":"b8-l250","source":"advocat et ramis vastisque molaribus instat.","translation":"every weapon, and comes at him with branches and huge millstones.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l250.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"advocat","lemma":"aduoco","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"calls up"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ramis","lemma":"ramus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"branches"},{"surface":"vastisque","lemma":"uastus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"huge","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"molaribus","lemma":"molaris","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"millstones"},{"surface":"instat","lemma":"insto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"comes at him"}]},{"number":251,"label":"251","id":"b8-l251","source":"Ille autem, neque enim fuga iam super ulla pericli,","translation":"But the other, for no escape from the danger was left him now,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l251.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ille","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"the other"},{"surface":"autem","lemma":"autem","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"neque","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"for no"},{"surface":"enim","lemma":"enim","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"fuga","lemma":"fuga","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"escape"},{"surface":"iam","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"super","lemma":"super","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"left"},{"surface":"ulla","lemma":"ullus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"pericli","lemma":"periculum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"from the danger"}]},{"number":252,"label":"252","id":"b8-l252","source":"faucibus ingentem fumum (mirabile dictu)","translation":"spews out from his throat a huge smoke, a wonder to tell,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l252.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"mirabile dictu","title":"A fixed formula returns","body":"dictu is the same ablative supine seen earlier, used after mirabile, 'astonishing', to mean 'astonishing to tell'. Vergil drops the fixed phrase in as an aside exactly where the story crosses out of the plausible and needs one."}],"words":[{"surface":"faucibus","lemma":"fauces","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"throat"},{"surface":"ingentem","lemma":"ingens","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"huge"},{"surface":"fumum","lemma":"fumus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"smoke"},{"surface":"mirabile","lemma":"mirabilis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular neuter","role":"predicate","gloss":"a wonder"},{"surface":"dictu","lemma":"dico","morphology":"supine, ablative","role":"adverbial","gloss":"to tell"}]},{"number":253,"label":"253","id":"b8-l253","source":"evomit involvitque domum caligine caeca,","translation":"and wraps the house in a blind murk,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l253.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"evomit","lemma":"euomo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"spews out"},{"surface":"involvitque","lemma":"inuoluo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"wraps","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"domum","lemma":"domus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"caligine","lemma":"caligo","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"murk"},{"surface":"caeca","lemma":"caecus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"blind"}]},{"number":254,"label":"254","id":"b8-l254","source":"prospectum eripiens oculis, glomeratque sub antro","translation":"snatching the view from the eyes, and balls up under the cave","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l254.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"prospectum","lemma":"prospectus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"view"},{"surface":"eripiens","lemma":"eripio","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"snatching away"},{"surface":"oculis","lemma":"oculus","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"from the eyes"},{"surface":"glomeratque","lemma":"glomero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"balls up","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"sub","lemma":"sub","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"antro","lemma":"antrum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"cave"}]},{"number":255,"label":"255","id":"b8-l255","source":"fumiferam noctem commixtis igne tenebris.","translation":"a smoke-bearing night, darkness mixed with fire.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l255.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"fumiferam","lemma":"fumifer","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"smoke-bearing"},{"surface":"noctem","lemma":"nox","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"commixtis","lemma":"commisceo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"mixed"},{"surface":"igne","lemma":"ignis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"fire"},{"surface":"tenebris","lemma":"tenebrae","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"darkness"}]},{"number":256,"label":"256","id":"b8-l256","source":"Non tulit Alcides animis seque ipse per ignem","translation":"Alcides could not bear it, and threw himself in a headlong","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l256.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"tulit","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"could bear"},{"surface":"Alcides","lemma":"alcides","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Alcides"},{"surface":"animis","lemma":"animus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in his fury"},{"surface":"seque","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"himself","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"ipse","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"ignem","lemma":"ignis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"fire"}]},{"number":257,"label":"257","id":"b8-l257","source":"praecipiti iecit saltu, qua plurimus undam","translation":"leap through the fire, where the smoke drives its wave","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l257.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"praecipiti","lemma":"praeceps","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"headlong"},{"surface":"iecit","lemma":"iacio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"threw"},{"surface":"saltu","lemma":"saltus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"leap"},{"surface":"qua","lemma":"qua","morphology":"adverb","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"plurimus","lemma":"plurimus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine, superlative","role":"modifier","gloss":"thickest"},{"surface":"undam","lemma":"unda","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"wave"}]},{"number":258,"label":"258","id":"b8-l258","source":"fumus agit nebulaque ingens specus aestuat atra.","translation":"thickest and the huge cave boils with black cloud.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l258.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"fumus","lemma":"fumus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"smoke"},{"surface":"agit","lemma":"ago","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"drives"},{"surface":"nebulaque","lemma":"nebula","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"cloud","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"ingens","lemma":"ingens","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"huge"},{"surface":"specus","lemma":"specus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"cave"},{"surface":"aestuat","lemma":"aestuo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"boils"},{"surface":"atra","lemma":"ater","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"black"}]},{"number":259,"label":"259","id":"b8-l259","source":"Hic Cacum in tenebris incendia vana vomentem","translation":"Here he catches Cacus in the dark, still spewing his useless fires,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l259.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"Cacum","lemma":"cacus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Cacus"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"tenebris","lemma":"tenebrae","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"dark"},{"surface":"incendia","lemma":"incendium","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"fires"},{"surface":"vana","lemma":"uanus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"useless"},{"surface":"vomentem","lemma":"uomo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"spewing"}]},{"number":260,"label":"260","id":"b8-l260","source":"corripit in nodum complexus et angit inhaerens","translation":"grips him in a knot, clings to him and throttles him,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l260.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"corripit","lemma":"corripio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"grips"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"nodum","lemma":"nodus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"knot"},{"surface":"complexus","lemma":"complector","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"gripping"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"angit","lemma":"ango","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"throttles"},{"surface":"inhaerens","lemma":"inhaereo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"clinging to him"}]},{"number":261,"label":"261","id":"b8-l261","source":"elisos oculos et siccum sanguine guttur.","translation":"the eyes squeezed out, the throat drained dry of blood.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l261.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"elisos","lemma":"elido","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"squeezed out"},{"surface":"oculos","lemma":"oculus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"siccum","lemma":"siccus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"drained dry"},{"surface":"sanguine","lemma":"sanguis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"blood"},{"surface":"guttur","lemma":"guttur","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"throat"}]},{"number":262,"label":"262","id":"b8-l262","source":"Panditur extemplo foribus domus atra revolsis,","translation":"At once the black house is thrown open, the doors torn away,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l262.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Panditur","lemma":"pando","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"is thrown open"},{"surface":"extemplo","lemma":"extemplo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"foribus","lemma":"foris","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"doors"},{"surface":"domus","lemma":"domus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"atra","lemma":"ater","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"black"},{"surface":"revolsis","lemma":"reuello","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"torn away"}]},{"number":263,"label":"263","id":"b8-l263","source":"abstractaeque boves abiurataeque rapinae","translation":"and the stolen cattle and the plunder he had sworn he never took","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l263.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"abiuratae ... rapinae","title":"Legal language for a theft","body":"abiuratae is the participle of abiuro, a legal verb meaning 'to deny on oath that you hold another's property'. It modifies rapinae, 'plunder', treating the theft as a case now proved, courtroom language set down inside a myth about a cave."}],"words":[{"surface":"abstractaeque","lemma":"abstraho","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"stolen","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"boves","lemma":"bos","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"cattle"},{"surface":"abiurataeque","lemma":"abiuro","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"sworn away","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"rapinae","lemma":"rapina","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"plunder"}]},{"number":264,"label":"264","id":"b8-l264","source":"caelo ostenduntur, pedibusque informe cadaver","translation":"are shown to the sky, and the shapeless corpse is hauled out","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l264.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"caelo","lemma":"caelum","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"sky"},{"surface":"ostenduntur","lemma":"ostendo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"are shown"},{"surface":"pedibusque","lemma":"pes","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"feet","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"informe","lemma":"informis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"shapeless"},{"surface":"cadaver","lemma":"cadauer","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"corpse"}]},{"number":265,"label":"265","id":"b8-l265","source":"protrahitur. Nequeunt expleri corda tuendo","translation":"by the feet. Their hearts cannot get their fill of looking","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l265.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"protrahitur","lemma":"protraho","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"is hauled out"},{"surface":"Nequeunt","lemma":"nequeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"cannot"},{"surface":"expleri","lemma":"expleo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive passive","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to be filled"},{"surface":"corda","lemma":"cor","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"hearts"},{"surface":"tuendo","lemma":"tueor","morphology":"gerund, ablative","role":"verbal noun","gloss":"by looking"}]},{"number":266,"label":"266","id":"b8-l266","source":"terribilis oculos, voltum villosaque saetis","translation":"at the terrible eyes, the face, the chest of the half-beast","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l266.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"terribilis","lemma":"terribilis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"terrible"},{"surface":"oculos","lemma":"oculus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"voltum","lemma":"uultus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"villosaque","lemma":"uillosus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"shaggy","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"saetis","lemma":"saeta","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"bristles"}]},{"number":267,"label":"267","id":"b8-l267","source":"pectora semiferi atque extinctos faucibus ignis.","translation":"shaggy with bristles, and the fires put out in the throat.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l267.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"pectora","lemma":"pectus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"chests"},{"surface":"semiferi","lemma":"semifer","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the half-beast"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"extinctos","lemma":"extinguo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"put out"},{"surface":"faucibus","lemma":"fauces","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"throat"},{"surface":"ignis","lemma":"ignis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"fires"}]},{"number":268,"label":"268","id":"b8-l268","source":"Ex illo celebratus honos, laetique minores","translation":"From that day the honor has been kept, and glad descendants","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l268.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ex","lemma":"ex","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"illo","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"that day"},{"surface":"celebratus","lemma":"celebro","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"has been kept"},{"surface":"honos","lemma":"honos","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"honor"},{"surface":"laetique","lemma":"laetus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"glad","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"minores","lemma":"paruus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine, comparative","role":"subject","gloss":"descendants"}]},{"number":269,"label":"269","id":"b8-l269","source":"servavere diem, primusque Potitius auctor","translation":"have held the day, Potitius first, who began it,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l269.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"servavere","lemma":"seruo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"have held"},{"surface":"diem","lemma":"dies","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"primusque","lemma":"primus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"first","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"Potitius","lemma":"potitius","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Potitius"},{"surface":"auctor","lemma":"auctor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"founder"}]},{"number":270,"label":"270","id":"b8-l270","source":"et domus Herculei custos Pinaria sacri.","translation":"and the Pinarian house, keeper of the rite of Hercules.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l270.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"domus","lemma":"domus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"Herculei","lemma":"herculeus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"of Hercules"},{"surface":"custos","lemma":"custos","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"apposition","gloss":"keeper"},{"surface":"Pinaria","lemma":"pinarius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Pinarian"},{"surface":"sacri","lemma":"sacrum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"rite"}]},{"number":271,"label":"271","id":"b8-l271","source":"Hanc aram luco statuit, quae maxuma semper","translation":"He set this altar in the grove, which will always be called","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l271.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hanc","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"aram","lemma":"ara","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"altar"},{"surface":"luco","lemma":"lucus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"place","gloss":"grove"},{"surface":"statuit","lemma":"statuo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"set up"},{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"maxuma","lemma":"maxumus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine, superlative","role":"predicate","gloss":"greatest"},{"surface":"semper","lemma":"semper","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"always"}]},{"number":272,"label":"272","id":"b8-l272","source":"dicetur nobis et erit quae maxuma semper.","translation":"greatest by us, and will always be the greatest.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l272.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"dicetur","lemma":"dico","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular future indicative passive","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"will be called"},{"surface":"nobis","lemma":"nos","morphology":"pronoun, dative plural","role":"indirect object","gloss":"by us"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"erit","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular future indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"will be"},{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"maxuma","lemma":"maxumus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine, superlative","role":"predicate","gloss":"greatest"},{"surface":"semper","lemma":"semper","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"always"}]},{"number":273,"label":"273","id":"b8-l273","source":"Quare agite, o iuvenes, tantarum in munere laudum","translation":"So come, young men, in the service of praises so great,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l273.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Quare","lemma":"quare","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"agite","lemma":"ago","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"o","lemma":"o","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation","gloss":"oh"},{"surface":"iuvenes","lemma":"iuuenis","morphology":"noun, vocative plural masculine","role":"address","gloss":"young men"},{"surface":"tantarum","lemma":"tantus","morphology":"adjective, genitive plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"so great"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"munere","lemma":"munus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"service"},{"surface":"laudum","lemma":"laus","morphology":"noun, genitive plural feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"praises"}]},{"number":274,"label":"274","id":"b8-l274","source":"cingite fronde comas et pocula porgite dextris","translation":"bind your hair with leaves and hold the cups out in your right hands","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l274.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"cingite","lemma":"cingo","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"bind"},{"surface":"fronde","lemma":"frons","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"leaves"},{"surface":"comas","lemma":"coma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"hair"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"pocula","lemma":"poculum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"cups"},{"surface":"porgite","lemma":"porrigo","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"hold out"},{"surface":"dextris","lemma":"dextera","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"right hands"}]},{"number":275,"label":"275","id":"b8-l275","source":"communemque vocate deum et date vina volentes.”","translation":"and call on the god we share, and pour the wine with a will.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l275.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"communemque","lemma":"communis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"shared","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"vocate","lemma":"uoco","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"call"},{"surface":"deum","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"god"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"date","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"pour"},{"surface":"vina","lemma":"uinum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"wine"},{"surface":"volentes","lemma":"uolens","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"with a will"}]},{"number":276,"label":"276","id":"b8-l276","source":"Dixerat, Herculea bicolor cum populus umbra","translation":"He had spoken, when the two-colored poplar veiled his hair","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l276.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dixerat","lemma":"dico","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"had spoken"},{"surface":"Herculea","lemma":"herculeus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of Hercules"},{"surface":"bicolor","lemma":"bicolor","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"two-colored"},{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"populus","lemma":"populus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"poplar"},{"surface":"umbra","lemma":"umbra","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"shade"}]},{"number":277,"label":"277","id":"b8-l277","source":"velavitque comas foliisque innexa pependit","translation":"with the shade of Hercules and hung there, woven of leaves,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l277.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"velavitque","lemma":"uelo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"veiled","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"comas","lemma":"coma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"hair"},{"surface":"foliisque","lemma":"folium","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"leaves","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"innexa","lemma":"innecto","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"woven"},{"surface":"pependit","lemma":"pendeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"hung"}]},{"number":278,"label":"278","id":"b8-l278","source":"et sacer implevit dextram scyphus. Ocius omnes","translation":"and the sacred cup filled his right hand. Quickly all of them","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l278.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sacer","lemma":"sacer","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"sacred"},{"surface":"implevit","lemma":"impleo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"filled"},{"surface":"dextram","lemma":"dextera","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"right hand"},{"surface":"scyphus","lemma":"scyphus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"cup"},{"surface":"Ocius","lemma":"ocior","morphology":"adverb, comparative","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"quickly"},{"surface":"omnes","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"all"}]},{"number":279,"label":"279","id":"b8-l279","source":"in mensam laeti libant divosque precantur.","translation":"pour a glad libation on the table and pray to the gods.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l279.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"mensam","lemma":"mensa","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"table"},{"surface":"laeti","lemma":"laetus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"glad"},{"surface":"libant","lemma":"libo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"pour libation"},{"surface":"divosque","lemma":"diuus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"gods","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"precantur","lemma":"precor","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"pray"}]},{"number":280,"label":"280","id":"b8-l280","source":"Devexo interea propior fit Vesper Olympo,","translation":"Meanwhile the Evening Star comes nearer as Olympus tilts down,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l280.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Devexo","lemma":"deuexus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"tilting down"},{"surface":"interea","lemma":"interea","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"meanwhile"},{"surface":"propior","lemma":"propior","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine, comparative","role":"predicate","gloss":"nearer"},{"surface":"fit","lemma":"fio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"comes"},{"surface":"Vesper","lemma":"uesper","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"the Evening Star"},{"surface":"Olympo","lemma":"olympus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"Olympus"}]},{"number":281,"label":"281","id":"b8-l281","source":"iamque sacerdotes primusque Potitius ibant,","translation":"and now the priests were walking, Potitius at their head,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l281.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"iamque","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"sacerdotes","lemma":"sacerdos","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"priests"},{"surface":"primusque","lemma":"primus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"at their head"},{"surface":"Potitius","lemma":"potitius","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Potitius"},{"surface":"ibant","lemma":"eo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"were walking"}]},{"number":282,"label":"282","id":"b8-l282","source":"pellibus in morem cincti, flammasque ferebant.","translation":"girt in skins after the custom, and carrying flames.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l282.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"pellibus","lemma":"pellis","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in skins"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"morem","lemma":"mos","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"custom"},{"surface":"cincti","lemma":"cingo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"girt"},{"surface":"flammasque","lemma":"flamma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"flames"},{"surface":"ferebant","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"were carrying"}]},{"number":283,"label":"283","id":"b8-l283","source":"Instaurant epulas et mensae grata secundae","translation":"They set the feast up again and bring the welcome gifts","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l283.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Instaurant","lemma":"instauro","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"set up again"},{"surface":"epulas","lemma":"epulae","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"feast"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"mensae","lemma":"mensa","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the course"},{"surface":"grata","lemma":"gratus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"welcome"},{"surface":"secundae","lemma":"secundus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"second"}]},{"number":284,"label":"284","id":"b8-l284","source":"dona ferunt cumulantque oneratis lancibus aras.","translation":"of the second course, and heap the altars with loaded dishes.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l284.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"dona","lemma":"donum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"gifts"},{"surface":"ferunt","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"bring"},{"surface":"cumulantque","lemma":"cumulo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"heap"},{"surface":"oneratis","lemma":"onero","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"loaded"},{"surface":"lancibus","lemma":"lanx","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with dishes"},{"surface":"aras","lemma":"ara","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"altars"}]},{"number":285,"label":"285","id":"b8-l285","source":"tum Salii ad cantus incensa altaria circum","translation":"Then the Salii come to sing around the kindled altars,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l285.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"Salii","lemma":"salii","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Salii"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"cantus","lemma":"cantus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"singing"},{"surface":"incensa","lemma":"incensus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"blazing"},{"surface":"altaria","lemma":"altare","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"altars"},{"surface":"circum","lemma":"circum","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"around"}]},{"number":286,"label":"286","id":"b8-l286","source":"populeis adsunt evincti tempora ramis,","translation":"their temples bound with poplar branches,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l286.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"populeis","lemma":"populeus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of a poplar"},{"surface":"adsunt","lemma":"adsum","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"evincti","lemma":"euincio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been bound"},{"surface":"tempora","lemma":"tempus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"temples"},{"surface":"ramis","lemma":"ramus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with branches"}]},{"number":287,"label":"287","id":"b8-l287","source":"hic iuvenum chorus, ille senum; qui carmine laudes","translation":"here a chorus of young men, there of old; and in song they carry","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l287.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"hic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"iuvenum","lemma":"iuuenis","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"young man"},{"surface":"chorus","lemma":"chorus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"chorus"},{"surface":"ille","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"senum","lemma":"senex","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"old man"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"carmine","lemma":"carmen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"song"},{"surface":"laudes","lemma":"laus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"praises"}]},{"number":288,"label":"288","id":"b8-l288","source":"Herculeas et facta ferunt: ut prima novercae","translation":"the praises and deeds of Hercules: how he first crushed","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l288.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Herculeas","lemma":"herculeus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of Hercules"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"facta","lemma":"factum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"deeds"},{"surface":"ferunt","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"tell"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"prima","lemma":"primus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"novercae","lemma":"nouerca","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"stepmother"}]},{"number":289,"label":"289","id":"b8-l289","source":"monstra manu geminosque premens eliserit angues,","translation":"his stepmother's monsters and squeezed the twin snakes dead in his hands,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l289.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"monstra","lemma":"monstrum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"monsters"},{"surface":"manu","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"geminosque","lemma":"geminus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"twin"},{"surface":"premens","lemma":"premo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"squeezing"},{"surface":"eliserit","lemma":"elido","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"crushed dead"},{"surface":"angues","lemma":"anguis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"snakes"}]},{"number":290,"label":"290","id":"b8-l290","source":"ut bello egregias idem disiecerit urbes,","translation":"how the same man threw down cities famous in war,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l290.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"bello","lemma":"bellum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"war"},{"surface":"egregias","lemma":"egregius","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"famous"},{"surface":"idem","lemma":"idem","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"the same"},{"surface":"disiecerit","lemma":"disicio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"threw down"},{"surface":"urbes","lemma":"urbs","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"cities"}]},{"number":291,"label":"291","id":"b8-l291","source":"Troiamque Oechaliamque, ut duros mille labores","translation":"Troy and Oechalia, how he bore through a thousand hard labors","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l291.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Troiamque","lemma":"troia","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"Troy"},{"surface":"Oechaliamque","lemma":"oechalia","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"Oechalia","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"duros","lemma":"durus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"hard"},{"surface":"mille","lemma":"mille","morphology":"numeral, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"thousand"},{"surface":"labores","lemma":"labor","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"labors"}]},{"number":292,"label":"292","id":"b8-l292","source":"rege sub Eurystheo fatis Iunonis iniquae","translation":"under king Eurystheus, by the fates of unjust Juno.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l292.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"rege","lemma":"rex","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"king"},{"surface":"sub","lemma":"sub","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"Eurystheo","lemma":"eurystheus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"Eurystheus"},{"surface":"fatis","lemma":"fatum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"fates"},{"surface":"Iunonis","lemma":"iuno","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Juno"},{"surface":"iniquae","lemma":"iniquus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"unjust"}]},{"number":293,"label":"293","id":"b8-l293","source":"pertulerit. “Tu nubigenas, invicte, bimembris","translation":"“You, unconquered, kill with your hand the cloud-born,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l293.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"pertulerit","lemma":"perfero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"he bore through"},{"surface":"Tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular","role":"subject","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"nubigenas","lemma":"nubigena","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"cloud-born"},{"surface":"invicte","lemma":"inuictus","morphology":"adjective, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"unconquered"},{"surface":"bimembris","lemma":"bimembris","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"two-formed"}]},{"number":294,"label":"294","id":"b8-l294","source":"Hylaeeumque Pholumque, manu, tu Cresia mactas","translation":"the two-formed, Hylaeus and Pholus; you kill the Cretan","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l294.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hylaeeumque","lemma":"hylaeus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Hylaeus","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"Pholumque","lemma":"pholus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Pholus"},{"surface":"manu","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular","role":"subject","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"Cresia","lemma":"cresius","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"Cretan"},{"surface":"mactas","lemma":"macto","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"kill"}]},{"number":295,"label":"295","id":"b8-l295","source":"prodigia et vastum Nemeae sub rupe leonem.","translation":"prodigy, and the huge lion under the cliff of Nemea.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l295.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"prodigia","lemma":"prodigium","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"prodigy"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vastum","lemma":"uastus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"huge"},{"surface":"Nemeae","lemma":"nemea","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Nemea"},{"surface":"sub","lemma":"sub","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"rupe","lemma":"rupes","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"cliff"},{"surface":"leonem","lemma":"leo","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"lion"}]},{"number":296,"label":"296","id":"b8-l296","source":"Te Stygii tremuere lacus, te ianitor Orci","translation":"The pools of Styx trembled at you, and the doorkeeper of Orcus,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l296.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"Stygii","lemma":"stygius","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of Styx"},{"surface":"tremuere","lemma":"tremo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"trembled"},{"surface":"lacus","lemma":"lacus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"pools"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"ianitor","lemma":"ianitor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"doorkeeper"},{"surface":"Orci","lemma":"orcus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Orcus"}]},{"number":297,"label":"297","id":"b8-l297","source":"ossa super recubans antro semesa cruento;","translation":"lying on half-eaten bones in his bloody cave;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l297.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ossa","lemma":"os","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"bones"},{"surface":"super","lemma":"super","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"recubans","lemma":"recubo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"lying"},{"surface":"antro","lemma":"antrum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"cave"},{"surface":"semesa","lemma":"semesus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"half-eaten"},{"surface":"cruento","lemma":"cruentus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"bloody"}]},{"number":298,"label":"298","id":"b8-l298","source":"nec te ullae facies, non terruit ipse Typhoeus,","translation":"no shape frightened you, not Typhoeus himself,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l298.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"ullae","lemma":"ullus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"facies","lemma":"facies","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"shapes"},{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"terruit","lemma":"terreo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"frightened"},{"surface":"ipse","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"Typhoeus","lemma":"typhoeus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Typhoeus"}]},{"number":299,"label":"299","id":"b8-l299","source":"arduus arma tenens; non te rationis egentem","translation":"towering with his weapons; nor did it find you without a plan,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l299.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"arduus","lemma":"arduus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"towering"},{"surface":"arma","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"weapons"},{"surface":"tenens","lemma":"teneo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"holding"},{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"rationis","lemma":"ratio","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of a plan"},{"surface":"egentem","lemma":"egeo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"lacking"}]},{"number":300,"label":"300","id":"b8-l300","source":"Lernaeus turba capitum circumstetit anguis.","translation":"the snake of Lerna, when it ringed you with its crowd of heads.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l300.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Lernaeus","lemma":"lernaeus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of Lerna"},{"surface":"turba","lemma":"turba","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"crowd"},{"surface":"capitum","lemma":"caput","morphology":"noun, genitive plural neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"of heads"},{"surface":"circumstetit","lemma":"circumsto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"ringed"},{"surface":"anguis","lemma":"anguis","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"snake"}]},{"number":301,"label":"301","id":"b8-l301","source":"Salve, vera Iovis proles, decus addite divis,","translation":"Hail, true offspring of Jove, glory added to the gods,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l301.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Salve","lemma":"salueo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"hail"},{"surface":"vera","lemma":"uerus","morphology":"adjective, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"true"},{"surface":"Iovis","lemma":"iuppiter","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of Jove"},{"surface":"proles","lemma":"proles","morphology":"noun, vocative singular feminine","role":"address","gloss":"offspring"},{"surface":"decus","lemma":"decus","morphology":"noun, vocative singular neuter","role":"address","gloss":"glory"},{"surface":"addite","lemma":"addo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive vocative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"added"},{"surface":"divis","lemma":"diuus","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"gods"}]},{"number":302,"label":"302","id":"b8-l302","source":"et nos et tua dexter adi pede sacra secundo.”","translation":"come to us and to your rites, favorable, with a lucky step.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l302.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"both"},{"surface":"nos","lemma":"nos","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural","role":"object","gloss":"us"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tua","lemma":"tuus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"dexter","lemma":"dexter","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"favorable"},{"surface":"adi","lemma":"adeo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"pede","lemma":"pes","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with a step"},{"surface":"sacra","lemma":"sacer","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"rites"},{"surface":"secundo","lemma":"secundus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"lucky"}]},{"number":303,"label":"303","id":"b8-l303","source":"Talia carminibus celebrant; super omnia Caci","translation":"Such things they celebrate in song; above all they add","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l303.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Talia","lemma":"talis","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"such things"},{"surface":"carminibus","lemma":"carmen","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in song"},{"surface":"celebrant","lemma":"celebro","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"celebrate"},{"surface":"super","lemma":"super","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"above"},{"surface":"omnia","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"Caci","lemma":"cacus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Cacus"}]},{"number":304,"label":"304","id":"b8-l304","source":"speluncam adiciunt spirantemque ignibus ipsum.","translation":"Cacus' cave, and the creature himself breathing fires.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l304.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"speluncam","lemma":"spelunca","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"cave"},{"surface":"adiciunt","lemma":"adicio","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"add"},{"surface":"spirantemque","lemma":"spiro","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"breathing"},{"surface":"ignibus","lemma":"ignis","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"fires"},{"surface":"ipsum","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"himself"}]},{"number":305,"label":"305","id":"b8-l305","source":"Consonat omne nemus strepitu collesque resultant.","translation":"The whole grove rings with the din, and the hills throw it back.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l305.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Consonat","lemma":"consono","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"rings"},{"surface":"omne","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"nemus","lemma":"nemus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"grove"},{"surface":"strepitu","lemma":"strepitus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with the din"},{"surface":"collesque","lemma":"collis","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"hills"},{"surface":"resultant","lemma":"resulto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"throw it back"}]},{"number":306,"label":"306","id":"b8-l306","source":"Exim se cuncti divinis rebus ad urbem","translation":"Then, the sacred business finished, they all take themselves","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l306.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Exim","lemma":"exinde","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural","role":"object","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"cuncti","lemma":"cunctus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"divinis","lemma":"diuinus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"sacred"},{"surface":"rebus","lemma":"res","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"things"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"urbem","lemma":"urbs","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"city"}]},{"number":307,"label":"307","id":"b8-l307","source":"perfectis referunt. Ibat rex obsitus aevo","translation":"back to the city. The king walked, thick with years,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l307.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"perfectis","lemma":"perficio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"finished"},{"surface":"referunt","lemma":"refero","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"bring back"},{"surface":"Ibat","lemma":"eo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"walked"},{"surface":"rex","lemma":"rex","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"king"},{"surface":"obsitus","lemma":"obsero","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"thick"},{"surface":"aevo","lemma":"aeuum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with years"}]},{"number":308,"label":"308","id":"b8-l308","source":"et comitem Aenean iuxta natumque tenebat","translation":"and kept Aeneas beside him as companion, and his son,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l308.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"comitem","lemma":"comes","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"as companion"},{"surface":"Aenean","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Aeneas"},{"surface":"iuxta","lemma":"iuxta","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"beside him"},{"surface":"natumque","lemma":"natus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"son"},{"surface":"tenebat","lemma":"teneo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"kept"}]},{"number":309,"label":"309","id":"b8-l309","source":"ingrediens varioque viam sermone levabat.","translation":"as he went, and lightened the road with talk of this and that.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l309.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ingrediens","lemma":"ingredior","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"going"},{"surface":"varioque","lemma":"uarius","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of this and that","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"viam","lemma":"uia","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"road"},{"surface":"sermone","lemma":"sermo","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with talk"},{"surface":"levabat","lemma":"leuo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"lightened"}]},{"number":310,"label":"310","id":"b8-l310","source":"miratur facilisque oculos fert omnia circum","translation":"Aeneas marvels, and turns easy eyes on everything around him,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l310.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"miratur","lemma":"miror","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"marvels"},{"surface":"facilisque","lemma":"facilis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"easy"},{"surface":"oculos","lemma":"oculus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"fert","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"turns"},{"surface":"omnia","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"circum","lemma":"circum","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"around"}]},{"number":311,"label":"311","id":"b8-l311","source":"Aeneas capiturque locis et singula laetus","translation":"and is taken by the place, and gladly asks after each thing","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l311.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Aeneas","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Aeneas"},{"surface":"capiturque","lemma":"capio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"is taken"},{"surface":"locis","lemma":"locus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"singula","lemma":"singulus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"each thing"},{"surface":"laetus","lemma":"laetus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"glad"}]},{"number":312,"label":"312","id":"b8-l312","source":"exquiritque auditque virum monimenta priorum.","translation":"and hears the records of the men who came before.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l312.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"exquiritque","lemma":"exquiro","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"asks about"},{"surface":"auditque","lemma":"audio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"hears"},{"surface":"virum","lemma":"uir","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the men"},{"surface":"monimenta","lemma":"monumentum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"records"},{"surface":"priorum","lemma":"prior","morphology":"adjective, genitive plural masculine, comparative","role":"modifier","gloss":"who came before"}]},{"number":313,"label":"313","id":"b8-l313","source":"Tum rex Euandrus, Romanae conditor arcis:","translation":"Then king Evander, founder of the Roman citadel:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l313.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"rex","lemma":"rex","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"king"},{"surface":"Euandrus","lemma":"euander","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Evander"},{"surface":"Romanae","lemma":"romanus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Roman"},{"surface":"conditor","lemma":"conditor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"founder"},{"surface":"arcis","lemma":"arx","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"citadel"}]},{"number":314,"label":"314","id":"b8-l314","source":"“Haec nemora indigenae fauni nymphaeque tenebant","translation":"“These woods were held by native fauns and nymphs,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l314.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Haec","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"nemora","lemma":"nemus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"woods"},{"surface":"indigenae","lemma":"indigena","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"native"},{"surface":"fauni","lemma":"faunus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"fauns"},{"surface":"nymphaeque","lemma":"nympha","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"nymphs"},{"surface":"tenebant","lemma":"teneo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"held"}]},{"number":315,"label":"315","id":"b8-l315","source":"gensque virum truncis et duro robore nata,","translation":"and by a race of men born from tree trunks and hard oak,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l315.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"gensque","lemma":"gens","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"race"},{"surface":"virum","lemma":"uir","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of men"},{"surface":"truncis","lemma":"truncus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"trunks"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"duro","lemma":"durus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"hard"},{"surface":"robore","lemma":"robur","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"oak"},{"surface":"nata","lemma":"nascor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"born"}]},{"number":316,"label":"316","id":"b8-l316","source":"quis neque mos neque cultus erat, nec iungere tauros","translation":"who had neither custom nor tillage, and did not know how to yoke oxen","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l316.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quis","lemma":"quis","morphology":"pronoun, dative plural","role":"indirect object","gloss":"who had"},{"surface":"neque","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"neither","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"mos","lemma":"mos","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"custom"},{"surface":"neque","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"nor","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"cultus","lemma":"cultus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"tillage"},{"surface":"erat","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"iungere","lemma":"iungo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to yoke"},{"surface":"tauros","lemma":"taurus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"oxen"}]},{"number":317,"label":"317","id":"b8-l317","source":"aut componere opes norant aut parcere parto,","translation":"or to lay up goods or to spare what they had got,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l317.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"aut","lemma":"aut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"componere","lemma":"compono","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to lay up"},{"surface":"opes","lemma":"ops","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"goods"},{"surface":"norant","lemma":"nosco","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural pluperfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"knew how"},{"surface":"aut","lemma":"aut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"parcere","lemma":"parco","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to spare"},{"surface":"parto","lemma":"pario","morphology":"participle, perfect passive dative singular neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"what they had got"}]},{"number":318,"label":"318","id":"b8-l318","source":"sed rami atque asper victu venatus alebat.","translation":"but branches fed them, and hunting, with its rough living.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l318.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sed","lemma":"sed","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"rami","lemma":"ramus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"branches"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"asper","lemma":"asper","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"rough"},{"surface":"victu","lemma":"uictus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in living"},{"surface":"venatus","lemma":"uenatus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"hunting"},{"surface":"alebat","lemma":"alo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"fed"}]},{"number":319,"label":"319","id":"b8-l319","source":"Primus ab aetherio venit Saturnus Olympo,","translation":"Saturn came first, down from heavenly Olympus,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l319.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Primus","lemma":"primus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"ab","lemma":"ab","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"aetherio","lemma":"aetherius","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"heavenly"},{"surface":"venit","lemma":"uenio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"Saturnus","lemma":"saturnus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Saturn"},{"surface":"Olympo","lemma":"olympus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"Olympus"}]},{"number":320,"label":"320","id":"b8-l320","source":"arma Iovis fugiens et regnis exsul ademptis.","translation":"fleeing the arms of Jove, an exile with his kingdom taken.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l320.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"arma","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"arms"},{"surface":"Iovis","lemma":"iuppiter","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of Jove"},{"surface":"fugiens","lemma":"fugio","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"fleeing"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"regnis","lemma":"regnum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"kingdoms"},{"surface":"exsul","lemma":"exsul","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"an exile"},{"surface":"ademptis","lemma":"adimo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"taken"}]},{"number":321,"label":"321","id":"b8-l321","source":"Is genus indocile ac dispersum montibus altis","translation":"He gathered that unteachable race, scattered on the high mountains,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l321.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Is","lemma":"is","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"genus","lemma":"genus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"race"},{"surface":"indocile","lemma":"indocilis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"unteachable"},{"surface":"ac","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dispersum","lemma":"dispergo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"scattered"},{"surface":"montibus","lemma":"mons","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"place","gloss":"mountains"},{"surface":"altis","lemma":"altus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"high"}]},{"number":322,"label":"322","id":"b8-l322","source":"composuit legesque dedit Latiumque vocari","translation":"and gave them laws, and chose that the land be called","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l322.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"composuit","lemma":"compono","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"gathered"},{"surface":"legesque","lemma":"lex","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"laws"},{"surface":"dedit","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"gave"},{"surface":"Latiumque","lemma":"latium","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"Latium","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"vocari","lemma":"uoco","morphology":"verb, present infinitive passive","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to be called"}]},{"number":323,"label":"323","id":"b8-l323","source":"maluit, his quoniam latuisset tutis in oris.","translation":"Latium, since he had lain hidden safe on these shores.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l323.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Latium ... latuisset","title":"A name explained by a word","body":"latuisset, 'he had lain hidden', shares its root with the place-name Latium, an ancient derivation from Saturn hiding, latuit, on these shores. Ancient scholars explained place-names this way as routine fact, and Vergil builds this passage out of such word origins."}],"words":[{"surface":"maluit","lemma":"malo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"chose"},{"surface":"his","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"quoniam","lemma":"quoniam","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"latuisset","lemma":"lateo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"had lain hidden"},{"surface":"tutis","lemma":"tutus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"safe"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"oris","lemma":"ora","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"shores"}]},{"number":324,"label":"324","id":"b8-l324","source":"Aurea quae perhibent illo sub rege fuere","translation":"The ages men call golden were under that king.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l324.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Aurea","lemma":"aureus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural neuter","role":"predicate","gloss":"golden"},{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"perhibent","lemma":"perhibeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"call"},{"surface":"illo","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"sub","lemma":"sub","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"rege","lemma":"rex","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"king"},{"surface":"fuere","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"were"}]},{"number":325,"label":"325","id":"b8-l325","source":"saecula. Sic placida populos in pace regebat,","translation":"So he ruled the peoples in quiet peace, until little by little","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l325.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"saecula","lemma":"saeculum","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"ages"},{"surface":"Sic","lemma":"sic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"placida","lemma":"placidus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"quiet"},{"surface":"populos","lemma":"populus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"peoples"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"pace","lemma":"pax","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"peace"},{"surface":"regebat","lemma":"rego","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"ruled"}]},{"number":326,"label":"326","id":"b8-l326","source":"deterior donec paulatim ac decolor aetas","translation":"a worse age came on, and one gone off in its color,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l326.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"decolor aetas","title":"An age described as tarnished","body":"decolor is the word for metal that has lost its proper color or shine. Since the mythical ages are named for metals, gold first and worse ones after, calling this age decolor says it did not merely decline, it tarnished."}],"words":[{"surface":"deterior","lemma":"deterior","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine, comparative","role":"predicate","gloss":"worse"},{"surface":"donec","lemma":"donec","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"paulatim","lemma":"paulatim","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"little by little"},{"surface":"ac","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"decolor","lemma":"decolor","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"gone off in color"},{"surface":"aetas","lemma":"aetas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"age"}]},{"number":327,"label":"327","id":"b8-l327","source":"et belli rabies et amor successit habendi.","translation":"and the madness of war, and the love of having.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l327.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"belli","lemma":"bellum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"war"},{"surface":"rabies","lemma":"rabies","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"madness"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"amor","lemma":"amor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"successit","lemma":"succedo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"habendi","lemma":"habeo","morphology":"gerund, genitive","role":"verbal noun","gloss":"having"}]},{"number":328,"label":"328","id":"b8-l328","source":"Tum manus Ausonia et gentes venere Sicanae,","translation":"Then an Ausonian band came, and Sicanian peoples,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l328.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"manus","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"band"},{"surface":"Ausonia","lemma":"ausonius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Ausonian"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"gentes","lemma":"gens","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"peoples"},{"surface":"venere","lemma":"uenio","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"Sicanae","lemma":"sicanus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Sicanian"}]},{"number":329,"label":"329","id":"b8-l329","source":"saepius et nomen posuit Saturnia tellus;","translation":"and more than once the land of Saturn laid its name aside;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l329.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"saepius","lemma":"saepe","morphology":"adverb, comparative","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"more than once"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"nomen","lemma":"nomen","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"name"},{"surface":"posuit","lemma":"pono","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"laid aside"},{"surface":"Saturnia","lemma":"saturnius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of Saturn"},{"surface":"tellus","lemma":"tellus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"land"}]},{"number":330,"label":"330","id":"b8-l330","source":"tum reges asperque immani corpore Thybris,","translation":"then kings, and Thybris, harsh, with his monstrous body,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l330.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"reges","lemma":"rex","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"kings"},{"surface":"asperque","lemma":"asper","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"rough"},{"surface":"immani","lemma":"immanis","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"monstrous"},{"surface":"corpore","lemma":"corpus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"body"},{"surface":"Thybris","lemma":"tiberis","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Thybris"}]},{"number":331,"label":"331","id":"b8-l331","source":"a quo post Itali fluvium cognomine Thybrim","translation":"from whom we Italians afterward called the river","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l331.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"a","lemma":"ab","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"quo","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"whom"},{"surface":"post","lemma":"post","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"afterward"},{"surface":"Itali","lemma":"italus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Italians"},{"surface":"fluvium","lemma":"fluuius","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"river"},{"surface":"cognomine","lemma":"cognomen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by name"},{"surface":"Thybrim","lemma":"tiberis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"Thybris"}]},{"number":332,"label":"332","id":"b8-l332","source":"diximus, amisit verum vetus Albula nomen;","translation":"Tiber; the old stream lost its true name, Albula.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l332.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"diximus","lemma":"dico","morphology":"verb, 1st plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"called"},{"surface":"amisit","lemma":"amitto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"lost"},{"surface":"verum","lemma":"uerus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"true"},{"surface":"vetus","lemma":"uetus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"Albula","lemma":"albula","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Albula"},{"surface":"nomen","lemma":"nomen","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"name"}]},{"number":333,"label":"333","id":"b8-l333","source":"me pulsum patria pelagique extrema sequentem","translation":"Me, driven from my country and following the sea to its ends,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l333.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"me","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular","role":"object","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"pulsum","lemma":"pello","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"driven"},{"surface":"patria","lemma":"patria","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"from my country"},{"surface":"pelagique","lemma":"pelagus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"sea"},{"surface":"extrema","lemma":"extremus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"ends"},{"surface":"sequentem","lemma":"sequor","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"following"}]},{"number":334,"label":"334","id":"b8-l334","source":"Fortuna omnipotens et ineluctabile fatum","translation":"all-powerful Fortune and fate that cannot be wrestled with","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l334.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Fortuna","lemma":"fortuna","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"fortune"},{"surface":"omnipotens","lemma":"omnipotens","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"all-powerful"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ineluctabile","lemma":"ineluctabilis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"that cannot be wrestled with"},{"surface":"fatum","lemma":"fatum","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"fate"}]},{"number":335,"label":"335","id":"b8-l335","source":"his posuere locis matrisque egere tremenda","translation":"set down in these places, and the fearful warnings of my mother,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l335.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"his","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"in these"},{"surface":"posuere","lemma":"pono","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"set down"},{"surface":"locis","lemma":"locus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"place","gloss":"places"},{"surface":"matrisque","lemma":"mater","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"egere","lemma":"ago","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"drove"},{"surface":"tremenda","lemma":"tremendus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"fearful"}]},{"number":336,"label":"336","id":"b8-l336","source":"Carmentis nymphae monita et deus auctor Apollo.","translation":"the nymph Carmentis, drove me here, and Apollo, the god behind it.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l336.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Carmentis","lemma":"carmentis","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Carmentis"},{"surface":"nymphae","lemma":"nympha","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"nymph"},{"surface":"monita","lemma":"monitum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"warnings"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"deus","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"god"},{"surface":"auctor","lemma":"auctor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"behind it"},{"surface":"Apollo","lemma":"apollo","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Apollo"}]},{"number":337,"label":"337","id":"b8-l337","source":"Vix ea dicta: dehinc progressus monstrat et aram","translation":"Scarcely was this said: then, going on, he shows both the altar","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l337.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vix","lemma":"uix","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"scarcely"},{"surface":"ea","lemma":"is","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"dicta","lemma":"dico","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural neuter","role":"predicate","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"dehinc","lemma":"dehinc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"progressus","lemma":"progredior","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"going on"},{"surface":"monstrat","lemma":"monstro","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"shows"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"both"},{"surface":"aram","lemma":"ara","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"altar"}]},{"number":338,"label":"338","id":"b8-l338","source":"et Carmentalem Romani nomine portam","translation":"and the gate the Romans call by the name Carmental,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l338.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Carmentalem","lemma":"carmentalis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Carmental"},{"surface":"Romani","lemma":"romanus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Romans"},{"surface":"nomine","lemma":"nomen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"name"},{"surface":"portam","lemma":"porta","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"gate"}]},{"number":339,"label":"339","id":"b8-l339","source":"quam memorant, nymphae priscum Carmentis honorem,","translation":"an old honor paid to the nymph Carmentis,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l339.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quam","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"memorant","lemma":"memoro","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"call"},{"surface":"nymphae","lemma":"nympha","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"nymphs"},{"surface":"priscum","lemma":"priscus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"Carmentis","lemma":"carmentis","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Carmentis"},{"surface":"honorem","lemma":"honor","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"honor"}]},{"number":340,"label":"340","id":"b8-l340","source":"vatis fatidicae, cecinit quae prima futuros","translation":"the seeress who spoke the future, who first sang that the sons","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l340.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"vatis","lemma":"uates","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"seeress"},{"surface":"fatidicae","lemma":"fatidicus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"prophetic"},{"surface":"cecinit","lemma":"cano","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"sang"},{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"prima","lemma":"primus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"futuros","lemma":"futurus","morphology":"participle, future active accusative plural masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"going to be"}]},{"number":341,"label":"341","id":"b8-l341","source":"Aeneadas magnos et nobile Pallanteum.","translation":"of Aeneas would be great, and Pallanteum famous.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l341.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Aeneadas","lemma":"aeneades","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"sons of Aeneas"},{"surface":"magnos","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"nobile","lemma":"nobilis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"famous"},{"surface":"Pallanteum","lemma":"pallanteum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"Pallanteum"}]},{"number":342,"label":"342","id":"b8-l342","source":"Hinc lucum ingentem quem Romulus acer Asylum","translation":"From here he shows the huge grove which keen Romulus","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l342.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hinc","lemma":"hinc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"from here"},{"surface":"lucum","lemma":"lucus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"grove"},{"surface":"ingentem","lemma":"ingens","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"huge"},{"surface":"quem","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"Romulus","lemma":"romulus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Romulus"},{"surface":"acer","lemma":"acer","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"keen"},{"surface":"Asylum","lemma":"asylum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"predicate","gloss":"the Asylum"}]},{"number":343,"label":"343","id":"b8-l343","source":"rettulit et gelida monstrat sub rupe Lupercal,","translation":"restored as the Asylum, and under a cold cliff the Lupercal,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l343.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"rettulit","lemma":"refero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"restored"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"gelida","lemma":"gelidus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"cold"},{"surface":"monstrat","lemma":"monstro","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"shows"},{"surface":"sub","lemma":"sub","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"rupe","lemma":"rupes","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"cliff"},{"surface":"Lupercal","lemma":"lupercal","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"Lupercal"}]},{"number":344,"label":"344","id":"b8-l344","source":"Parrhasio dictum Panos de more Lycaei.","translation":"named for Lycaean Pan in the Parrhasian custom.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l344.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Parrhasio","lemma":"parrhasius","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Parrhasian"},{"surface":"dictum","lemma":"dico","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"named"},{"surface":"Panos","lemma":"pan","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Pan"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"more","lemma":"mos","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"custom"},{"surface":"Lycaei","lemma":"lycaeus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Lycaean"}]},{"number":345,"label":"345","id":"b8-l345","source":"Nec non et sacri monstrat nemus Argileti","translation":"He shows the wood of the holy Argiletum as well,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l345.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"sacri","lemma":"sacer","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"holy"},{"surface":"monstrat","lemma":"monstro","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"shows"},{"surface":"nemus","lemma":"nemus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"wood"},{"surface":"Argileti","lemma":"argiletum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"Argiletum"}]},{"number":346,"label":"346","id":"b8-l346","source":"testaturque locum et letum docet hospitis Argi.","translation":"and calls the place to witness, and tells of the death of Argus his guest.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l346.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"letum ... hospitis Argi","title":"One street, two derivations","body":"letum means 'death', and hospitis Argi, 'of his guest Argus', names the killing said to give the Argiletum its name. The street more likely comes from argilla, 'clay', but Evander offers the darker story and says no more, which is how a host handles it."}],"words":[{"surface":"testaturque","lemma":"testor","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"calls to witness"},{"surface":"locum","lemma":"locus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"letum","lemma":"letum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"death"},{"surface":"docet","lemma":"doceo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"tells of"},{"surface":"hospitis","lemma":"hospes","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of his guest"},{"surface":"Argi","lemma":"argus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Argus"}]},{"number":347,"label":"347","id":"b8-l347","source":"Hinc ad Tarpeiam sedem et Capitolia ducit,","translation":"From here he leads him to the Tarpeian seat and the Capitol,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l347.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hinc","lemma":"hinc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"from here"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Tarpeiam","lemma":"tarpeius","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Tarpeian"},{"surface":"sedem","lemma":"sedes","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"seat"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Capitolia","lemma":"capitolium","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"Capitol"},{"surface":"ducit","lemma":"duco","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"leads"}]},{"number":348,"label":"348","id":"b8-l348","source":"aurea nunc, olim silvestribus horrida dumis.","translation":"golden now, once rough with woodland thorn.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l348.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"aurea","lemma":"aureus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"predicate","gloss":"golden"},{"surface":"nunc","lemma":"nunc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"olim","lemma":"olim","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"once"},{"surface":"silvestribus","lemma":"siluestris","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"woodland"},{"surface":"horrida","lemma":"horridus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"predicate","gloss":"rough"},{"surface":"dumis","lemma":"dumus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"thorns"}]},{"number":349,"label":"349","id":"b8-l349","source":"Iam tum religio pavidos terrebat agrestis","translation":"Even then the dread holiness of the place frightened the country","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l349.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Iam","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"religio","lemma":"religio","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"holy dread"},{"surface":"pavidos","lemma":"pauidus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"fearful"},{"surface":"terrebat","lemma":"terreo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"frightened"},{"surface":"agrestis","lemma":"agrestis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"country folk"}]},{"number":350,"label":"350","id":"b8-l350","source":"dira loci, iam tum silvam saxumque tremebant.","translation":"people; even then they trembled at the wood and the rock.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l350.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"dira","lemma":"dirus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"dread"},{"surface":"loci","lemma":"locus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the place"},{"surface":"iam","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"silvam","lemma":"silua","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"wood"},{"surface":"saxumque","lemma":"saxum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"rock"},{"surface":"tremebant","lemma":"tremo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"trembled"}]},{"number":351,"label":"351","id":"b8-l351","source":"Hoc nemus, hunc,” inquit, “frondoso vertice collem","translation":"“This grove,” he says, “this hill with its leafy crown,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l351.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hoc","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"nemus","lemma":"nemus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"grove"},{"surface":"hunc","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"inquit","lemma":"inquam","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"says"},{"surface":"frondoso","lemma":"frondosus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"leafy"},{"surface":"vertice","lemma":"uertex","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"crown"},{"surface":"collem","lemma":"collis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"hill"}]},{"number":352,"label":"352","id":"b8-l352","source":"(quis deus incertum est) habitat deus: Arcades ipsum","translation":"a god lives in (which god is not certain). The Arcadians believe","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l352.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quis","lemma":"quis","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"deus","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"god"},{"surface":"incertum","lemma":"incertus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular neuter","role":"predicate","gloss":"uncertain"},{"surface":"est","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"habitat","lemma":"habito","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"lives in"},{"surface":"deus","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"god"},{"surface":"Arcades","lemma":"arcas","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Arcadians"},{"surface":"ipsum","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"himself"}]},{"number":353,"label":"353","id":"b8-l353","source":"credunt se vidisse Iovem, cum saepe nigrantem","translation":"they have seen Jove himself, when again and again he shook","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l353.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"credunt","lemma":"credo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"believe"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural","role":"subject","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"vidisse","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"verb, perfect infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"had seen"},{"surface":"Iovem","lemma":"iuppiter","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Jove"},{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"saepe","lemma":"saepe","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"again and again"},{"surface":"nigrantem","lemma":"nigro","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"blackening"}]},{"number":354,"label":"354","id":"b8-l354","source":"aegida concuteret dextra nimbosque cieret.","translation":"the blackening aegis in his right hand and called up the storm.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l354.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"aegida","lemma":"aegis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"aegis"},{"surface":"concuteret","lemma":"concutio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"shook violently"},{"surface":"dextra","lemma":"dextera","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"right hand"},{"surface":"nimbosque","lemma":"nimbus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"storm cloud"},{"surface":"cieret","lemma":"cieo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"called up"}]},{"number":355,"label":"355","id":"b8-l355","source":"Haec duo praeterea disiectis oppida muris,","translation":"Besides these you see two towns with their walls thrown down,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l355.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Haec","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"duo","lemma":"duo","morphology":"numeral, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"praeterea","lemma":"praeterea","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"besides"},{"surface":"disiectis","lemma":"disicio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"thrown down"},{"surface":"oppida","lemma":"oppidum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"towns"},{"surface":"muris","lemma":"murus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"walls"}]},{"number":356,"label":"356","id":"b8-l356","source":"reliquias veterumque vides monimenta virorum.","translation":"what is left of them, and memorials of the men of old.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l356.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"reliquias","lemma":"reliquiae","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"remains"},{"surface":"veterumque","lemma":"uetus","morphology":"adjective, genitive plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of old"},{"surface":"vides","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"monimenta","lemma":"monumentum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"memorials"},{"surface":"virorum","lemma":"uir","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"men"}]},{"number":357,"label":"357","id":"b8-l357","source":"Hanc Ianus pater, hanc Saturnus condidit arcem:","translation":"Father Janus built this stronghold, Saturn built that:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l357.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hanc","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Ianus","lemma":"ianus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Janus"},{"surface":"pater","lemma":"pater","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"hanc","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Saturnus","lemma":"saturnus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Saturn"},{"surface":"condidit","lemma":"condo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"built"},{"surface":"arcem","lemma":"arx","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"stronghold"}]},{"number":358,"label":"358","id":"b8-l358","source":"Ianiculum huic, illi fuerat Saturnia nomen.”","translation":"the name of the one had been Janiculum, of the other Saturnia.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l358.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ianiculum","lemma":"ianiculum","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"predicate","gloss":"Janiculum"},{"surface":"huic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"illi","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"fuerat","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"had been"},{"surface":"Saturnia","lemma":"saturnia","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"Saturnia"},{"surface":"nomen","lemma":"nomen","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"name"}]},{"number":359,"label":"359","id":"b8-l359","source":"Talibus inter se dictis ad tecta subibant","translation":"With such talk between them they came up under the roof","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l359.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Talibus","lemma":"talis","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"inter","lemma":"inter","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"between"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"dictis","lemma":"dictum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"talk"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"up under"},{"surface":"tecta","lemma":"tectum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"roof"},{"surface":"subibant","lemma":"subeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"came"}]},{"number":360,"label":"360","id":"b8-l360","source":"pauperis Euandri passimque armenta videbant","translation":"of poor Evander, and saw cattle here and there,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l360.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"pauperis","lemma":"pauper","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"poor"},{"surface":"Euandri","lemma":"euander","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Evander"},{"surface":"passimque","lemma":"passim","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"here and there"},{"surface":"armenta","lemma":"armentum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"cattle"},{"surface":"videbant","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"saw"}]},{"number":361,"label":"361","id":"b8-l361","source":"Romanoque foro et lautis mugire Carinis.","translation":"lowing in the Roman Forum and in the elegant Carinae.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l361.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Romanoque","lemma":"romanus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"Roman"},{"surface":"foro","lemma":"forum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"place","gloss":"market"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lautis","lemma":"lautus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"elegant"},{"surface":"mugire","lemma":"mugio","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"were lowing"},{"surface":"Carinis","lemma":"carina","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"place","gloss":"Carinae"}]},{"number":362,"label":"362","id":"b8-l362","source":"Ut ventum ad sedes: “Haec,” inquit, “limina victor","translation":"When they had reached the house: “These doors,” he says, “Alcides","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l362.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"ventum","lemma":"uenio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative passive","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"had come"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"sedes","lemma":"sedes","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"Haec","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"inquit","lemma":"inquam","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"says"},{"surface":"limina","lemma":"limen","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"thresholds"},{"surface":"victor","lemma":"uictor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"in victory"}]},{"number":363,"label":"363","id":"b8-l363","source":"Alcides subiit, haec illum regia cepit.","translation":"stooped under in his victory; this palace took him in.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l363.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Alcides","lemma":"alcides","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Alcides"},{"surface":"subiit","lemma":"subeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"passed under"},{"surface":"haec","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"illum","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"regia","lemma":"regia","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"apposition","gloss":"palace, court"},{"surface":"cepit","lemma":"capio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"took in"}]},{"number":364,"label":"364","id":"b8-l364","source":"Aude, hospes, contemnere opes et te quoque dignum","translation":"Dare, my guest, to think little of wealth, and shape yourself","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l364.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Aude","lemma":"audeo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"dare"},{"surface":"hospes","lemma":"hospes","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"guest"},{"surface":"contemnere","lemma":"contemno","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to think little of"},{"surface":"opes","lemma":"ops","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"wealth"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular","role":"object","gloss":"yourself"},{"surface":"quoque","lemma":"quoque","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"dignum","lemma":"dignus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"worthy"}]},{"number":365,"label":"365","id":"b8-l365","source":"finge deo rebusque veni non asper egenis.”","translation":"worthy of the god too, and come without scorn to a house that has nothing.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l365.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"finge","lemma":"fingo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"shape"},{"surface":"deo","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"god"},{"surface":"rebusque","lemma":"res","morphology":"noun, dative plural feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"a house"},{"surface":"veni","lemma":"uenio","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"asper","lemma":"asper","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"rough"},{"surface":"egenis","lemma":"egenus","morphology":"adjective, dative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"that has nothing"}]},{"number":366,"label":"366","id":"b8-l366","source":"dixit et angusti subter fastigia tecti","translation":"He spoke, and led the great Aeneas in under the gable","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l366.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"dixit","lemma":"dico","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"angusti","lemma":"angustus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"narrow"},{"surface":"subter","lemma":"subter","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"fastigia","lemma":"fastigium","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"gable"},{"surface":"tecti","lemma":"tectum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the house"}]},{"number":367,"label":"367","id":"b8-l367","source":"ingentem Aenean duxit stratisque locavit","translation":"of the narrow house, and settled him on a bed","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l367.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ingentem","lemma":"ingens","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"Aenean","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Aeneas"},{"surface":"duxit","lemma":"duco","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"led"},{"surface":"stratisque","lemma":"stratum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"bedding"},{"surface":"locavit","lemma":"loco","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"settled"}]},{"number":368,"label":"368","id":"b8-l368","source":"effultum foliis et pelle Libystidis ursae.","translation":"propped up with leaves and the hide of a Libyan bear.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l368.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"effultum","lemma":"effultus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"propped up"},{"surface":"foliis","lemma":"folium","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"leaves"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"pelle","lemma":"pellis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with the hide"},{"surface":"Libystidis","lemma":"libystis","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Libyan"},{"surface":"ursae","lemma":"ursa","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"she-bear"}]},{"number":369,"label":"369","id":"b8-l369","source":"Nox ruit et fuscis tellurem amplectitur alis.","translation":"Night rushes down and folds the earth in her dark wings.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l369.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nox","lemma":"nox","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"ruit","lemma":"ruo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"rushes"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fuscis","lemma":"fuscus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"dark"},{"surface":"tellurem","lemma":"tellus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"earth"},{"surface":"amplectitur","lemma":"amplector","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"folds"},{"surface":"alis","lemma":"ala","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"wings"}]},{"number":370,"label":"370","id":"b8-l370","source":"At Venus haud animo nequiquam exterrita mater","translation":"But Venus, a mother, and not frightened in her heart for nothing,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l370.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"At","lemma":"at","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Venus","lemma":"uenus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Venus"},{"surface":"haud","lemma":"haud","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"animo","lemma":"animus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in heart"},{"surface":"nequiquam","lemma":"nequiquam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"for nothing"},{"surface":"exterrita","lemma":"exterreo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"frightened"},{"surface":"mater","lemma":"mater","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"apposition","gloss":"mother"}]},{"number":371,"label":"371","id":"b8-l371","source":"Laurentumque minis et duro mota tumultu","translation":"moved by the threats of the Laurentians and the hard uproar,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l371.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Laurentumque","lemma":"laurens","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the Laurentians"},{"surface":"minis","lemma":"minae","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"threats"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"duro","lemma":"durus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"hard"},{"surface":"mota","lemma":"moueo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"moved"},{"surface":"tumultu","lemma":"tumultus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by uproar"}]},{"number":372,"label":"372","id":"b8-l372","source":"Volcanum adloquitur thalamoque haec coniugis aureo","translation":"speaks to Vulcan, and in the golden bedchamber of her husband","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l372.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Volcanum","lemma":"uulcanus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Vulcan"},{"surface":"adloquitur","lemma":"adloquor","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"speaks to"},{"surface":"thalamoque","lemma":"thalamus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"place","gloss":"bedroom"},{"surface":"haec","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"coniugis","lemma":"coniunx","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of her husband"},{"surface":"aureo","lemma":"aureus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"golden"}]},{"number":373,"label":"373","id":"b8-l373","source":"incipit et dictis divinum adspirat amorem:","translation":"she begins, and breathes divine love into her words:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l373.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"incipit","lemma":"incipio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"begins"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dictis","lemma":"dictum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"divinum","lemma":"diuinus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"divine"},{"surface":"adspirat","lemma":"aspiro","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"breathes"},{"surface":"amorem","lemma":"amor","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"love"}]},{"number":374,"label":"374","id":"b8-l374","source":"“Dum bello Argolici vastabant Pergama reges","translation":"“While the Argive kings were laying Pergamum waste in war,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l374.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dum","lemma":"dum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"bello","lemma":"bellum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"war"},{"surface":"Argolici","lemma":"argolicus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Argive"},{"surface":"vastabant","lemma":"uasto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"were laying waste"},{"surface":"Pergama","lemma":"pergama","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"Pergamum"},{"surface":"reges","lemma":"rex","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"kings"}]},{"number":375,"label":"375","id":"b8-l375","source":"debita casurasque inimicis ignibus arces,","translation":"citadels owed to them and doomed to fall to hostile fires,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l375.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"debita","lemma":"debeo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"owed"},{"surface":"casurasque","lemma":"cado","morphology":"participle, future active accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"about to fall"},{"surface":"inimicis","lemma":"inimicus","morphology":"adjective, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to hostile"},{"surface":"ignibus","lemma":"ignis","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"fires"},{"surface":"arces","lemma":"arx","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"citadels"}]},{"number":376,"label":"376","id":"b8-l376","source":"non ullum auxilium miseris, non arma rogavi","translation":"I asked no help for the wretched, no weapons","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l376.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"ullum","lemma":"ullus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"auxilium","lemma":"auxilium","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"help"},{"surface":"miseris","lemma":"miser","morphology":"adjective, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"wretched"},{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"arma","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"weapons"},{"surface":"rogavi","lemma":"rogo","morphology":"verb, 1st singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"asked"}]},{"number":377,"label":"377","id":"b8-l377","source":"artis opisque tuae nec te, carissime coniunx,","translation":"of your skill and power, nor did I wish, dearest husband,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l377.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"artis","lemma":"ars","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"skill"},{"surface":"opisque","lemma":"ops","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"power"},{"surface":"tuae","lemma":"tuus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"carissime","lemma":"carus","morphology":"adjective, vocative singular masculine, superlative","role":"address","gloss":"dearest"},{"surface":"coniunx","lemma":"coniunx","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"husband"}]},{"number":378,"label":"378","id":"b8-l378","source":"incassumve tuos volui exercere labores,","translation":"to set you and your labors working for nothing,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l378.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"incassumve","lemma":"incassum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"for nothing"},{"surface":"tuos","lemma":"tuus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"volui","lemma":"uolo","morphology":"verb, 1st singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"wished"},{"surface":"exercere","lemma":"exerceo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to work"},{"surface":"labores","lemma":"labor","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"labors"}]},{"number":379,"label":"379","id":"b8-l379","source":"quamvis et Priami deberem plurima natis","translation":"though I owed a great deal to the sons of Priam","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l379.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quamvis","lemma":"quamuis","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"though"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Priami","lemma":"priamus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Priam"},{"surface":"deberem","lemma":"debeo","morphology":"verb, 1st singular imperfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"owed"},{"surface":"plurima","lemma":"multus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"very much"},{"surface":"natis","lemma":"natus","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"sons"}]},{"number":380,"label":"380","id":"b8-l380","source":"et durum Aeneae flevissem saepe laborem.","translation":"and had often wept over the hard toil of Aeneas.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l380.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"durum","lemma":"durus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"hard"},{"surface":"Aeneae","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Aeneas"},{"surface":"flevissem","lemma":"fleo","morphology":"verb, 1st singular pluperfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"had wept"},{"surface":"saepe","lemma":"saepe","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"often"},{"surface":"laborem","lemma":"labor","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"toil"}]},{"number":381,"label":"381","id":"b8-l381","source":"Nunc Iovis imperiis Rutulorum constitit oris:","translation":"Now by the orders of Jove he has set foot on Rutulian shores:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l381.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nunc","lemma":"nunc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"Iovis","lemma":"iuppiter","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of Jove"},{"surface":"imperiis","lemma":"imperium","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by orders"},{"surface":"Rutulorum","lemma":"rutuli","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Rutulians"},{"surface":"constitit","lemma":"consto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"has set foot"},{"surface":"oris","lemma":"ora","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"place","gloss":"shores"}]},{"number":382,"label":"382","id":"b8-l382","source":"ergo eadem supplex venio et sanctum mihi numen","translation":"so I come as the same suppliant, and ask arms of a power","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l382.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ergo","lemma":"ergo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"therefore"},{"surface":"eadem","lemma":"idem","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"the same"},{"surface":"supplex","lemma":"supplex","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"as suppliant"},{"surface":"venio","lemma":"uenio","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sanctum","lemma":"sanctus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"holy"},{"surface":"mihi","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"numen","lemma":"numen","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"power"}]},{"number":383,"label":"383","id":"b8-l383","source":"arma rogo genetrix nato. Te filia Nerei,","translation":"holy to me, a mother, for her son. The daughter of Nereus","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l383.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"arma","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"arms"},{"surface":"rogo","lemma":"rogo","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"ask"},{"surface":"genetrix","lemma":"genetrix","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"apposition","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"nato","lemma":"natus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"son"},{"surface":"Te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"filia","lemma":"filia","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"daughter"},{"surface":"Nerei","lemma":"nereus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Nereus"}]},{"number":384,"label":"384","id":"b8-l384","source":"te potuit lacrimis Tithonia flectere coniunx.","translation":"could bend you with tears, and the wife of Tithonus could.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l384.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"potuit","lemma":"possum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"lacrimis","lemma":"lacrima","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"tears"},{"surface":"Tithonia","lemma":"tithonius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of Tithonus"},{"surface":"flectere","lemma":"flecto","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to bend"},{"surface":"coniunx","lemma":"coniunx","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"wife"}]},{"number":385,"label":"385","id":"b8-l385","source":"Aspice qui coeant populi, quae moenia clausis","translation":"Look what peoples are gathering, what cities behind shut gates","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l385.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Aspice","lemma":"aspicio","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"look at"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"coeant","lemma":"coeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"are gathering"},{"surface":"populi","lemma":"populus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"peoples"},{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"moenia","lemma":"moenia","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"cities"},{"surface":"clausis","lemma":"claudo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"shut"}]},{"number":386,"label":"386","id":"b8-l386","source":"ferrum acuant portis in me exscidiumque meorum.”","translation":"are sharpening iron against me and the wiping out of my own.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l386.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ferrum","lemma":"ferrum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"iron"},{"surface":"acuant","lemma":"acuo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"are sharpening"},{"surface":"portis","lemma":"porta","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"gates"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"exscidiumque","lemma":"excidium","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"wiping out","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"meorum","lemma":"meus","morphology":"adjective, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"my people"}]},{"number":387,"label":"387","id":"b8-l387","source":"Dixerat et niveis hinc atque hinc diva lacertis","translation":"She had spoken, and the goddess, as he held back, folds him in","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l387.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dixerat","lemma":"dico","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"had spoken"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"niveis","lemma":"niueus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"snow-white"},{"surface":"hinc","lemma":"hinc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"on this side"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hinc","lemma":"hinc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"on that"},{"surface":"diva","lemma":"diua","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"goddess"},{"surface":"lacertis","lemma":"lacertus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with arms"}]},{"number":388,"label":"388","id":"b8-l388","source":"cunctantem amplexu molli fovet. Ille repente","translation":"a soft embrace, snow-white arms on this side and on that. He at once","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l388.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"cunctantem","lemma":"cunctor","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"hesitating"},{"surface":"amplexu","lemma":"amplexus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"embrace"},{"surface":"molli","lemma":"mollis","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"soft"},{"surface":"fovet","lemma":"foueo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"folds"},{"surface":"Ille","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"repente","lemma":"repente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at once"}]},{"number":389,"label":"389","id":"b8-l389","source":"accepit solitam flammam, notusque medullas","translation":"took the accustomed flame, and the known heat went into","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l389.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"accepit","lemma":"accipio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"took"},{"surface":"solitam","lemma":"solitus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"accustomed"},{"surface":"flammam","lemma":"flamma","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"flame"},{"surface":"notusque","lemma":"notus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"known"},{"surface":"medullas","lemma":"medulla","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"marrow"}]},{"number":390,"label":"390","id":"b8-l390","source":"intravit calor et labefacta per ossa cucurrit:","translation":"his marrow and ran through his bones and undid them:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l390.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"intravit","lemma":"intro","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"went into"},{"surface":"calor","lemma":"calor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"heat"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"labefacta","lemma":"labefacio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"undid"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"ossa","lemma":"os","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"bones"},{"surface":"cucurrit","lemma":"curro","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"ran"}]},{"number":391,"label":"391","id":"b8-l391","source":"non secus atque olim tonitru cum rupta corusco","translation":"not otherwise than when, split by a flash of thunder,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l391.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"secus","lemma":"secus","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"otherwise"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"olim","lemma":"olim","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"tonitru","lemma":"tonitrus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"thunder"},{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"rupta","lemma":"rumpo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"split"},{"surface":"corusco","lemma":"coruscus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"flashing"}]},{"number":392,"label":"392","id":"b8-l392","source":"ignea rima micans percurrit lumine nimbos.","translation":"a crack of fire runs glittering with light through the clouds.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l392.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ignea","lemma":"igneus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"fiery"},{"surface":"rima","lemma":"rima","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"crack"},{"surface":"micans","lemma":"mico","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"glittering"},{"surface":"percurrit","lemma":"percurro","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"runs through"},{"surface":"lumine","lemma":"lumen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"light"},{"surface":"nimbos","lemma":"nimbus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"clouds"}]},{"number":393,"label":"393","id":"b8-l393","source":"Sensit laeta dolis et formae conscia coniunx.","translation":"His wife felt it, glad in her tricks, and sure of her own beauty.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l393.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sensit","lemma":"sentio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"felt"},{"surface":"laeta","lemma":"laetus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"glad"},{"surface":"dolis","lemma":"dolus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in her tricks"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"formae","lemma":"forma","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of her beauty"},{"surface":"conscia","lemma":"conscius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"sure"},{"surface":"coniunx","lemma":"coniunx","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"wife"}]},{"number":394,"label":"394","id":"b8-l394","source":"Tum pater aeterno fatur devinctus amore:","translation":"Then the father speaks, bound fast by a love that does not end:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l394.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"pater","lemma":"pater","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"aeterno","lemma":"aeternus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"that does not end"},{"surface":"fatur","lemma":"for","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"speaks"},{"surface":"devinctus","lemma":"deuincio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"bound"},{"surface":"amore","lemma":"amor","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"love"}]},{"number":395,"label":"395","id":"b8-l395","source":"“Quid causas petis ex alto? Fiducia cessit","translation":"“Why look for your reasons so far down? Where has your","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l395.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Quid","lemma":"quis","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"why"},{"surface":"causas","lemma":"causa","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"reasons"},{"surface":"petis","lemma":"peto","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"look for"},{"surface":"ex","lemma":"ex","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"alto","lemma":"altus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"deep down"},{"surface":"Fiducia","lemma":"fiducia","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"trust"},{"surface":"cessit","lemma":"cedo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"gone"}]},{"number":396,"label":"396","id":"b8-l396","source":"quo tibi, diva, mei? Similis si cura fuisset,","translation":"trust in me gone, goddess? If the same care had been in you then,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l396.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quo","lemma":"quo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"where to"},{"surface":"tibi","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular","role":"indirect object","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"diva","lemma":"diua","morphology":"noun, vocative singular feminine","role":"address","gloss":"goddess"},{"surface":"mei","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, genitive singular","role":"possessive","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"Similis","lemma":"similis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"same"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"cura","lemma":"cura","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"care"},{"surface":"fuisset","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"had been"}]},{"number":397,"label":"397","id":"b8-l397","source":"tum quoque fas nobis Teucros armare fuisset:","translation":"then too it would have been right for us to arm the Teucrians;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l397.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"quoque","lemma":"quoque","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"fas","lemma":"fas","morphology":"noun, indeclinable","role":"predicate","gloss":"right"},{"surface":"nobis","lemma":"nos","morphology":"pronoun, dative plural","role":"indirect object","gloss":"for us"},{"surface":"Teucros","lemma":"teucer","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Teucrians"},{"surface":"armare","lemma":"armo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to arm"},{"surface":"fuisset","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect subjunctive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"would have been"}]},{"number":398,"label":"398","id":"b8-l398","source":"nec pater omnipotens Troiam nec fata vetabant","translation":"neither the all-powerful father nor the fates forbade Troy","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l398.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"neither"},{"surface":"pater","lemma":"pater","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"omnipotens","lemma":"omnipotens","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"all-powerful"},{"surface":"Troiam","lemma":"troia","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Troy"},{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"fata","lemma":"fatum","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"fates"},{"surface":"vetabant","lemma":"ueto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"forbade"}]},{"number":399,"label":"399","id":"b8-l399","source":"stare decemque alios Priamum superesse per annos.","translation":"to stand and Priam to live on another ten years.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l399.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"stare","lemma":"sto","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to stand"},{"surface":"decemque","lemma":"decem","morphology":"numeral","role":"modifier","gloss":"ten"},{"surface":"alios","lemma":"alius","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"another"},{"surface":"Priamum","lemma":"priamus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Priam"},{"surface":"superesse","lemma":"supersum","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to live on"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"annos","lemma":"annus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"years"}]},{"number":400,"label":"400","id":"b8-l400","source":"Et nunc, si bellare paras atque haec tibi mens est,","translation":"And now, if you are getting ready for war and this is your mind,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l400.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"nunc","lemma":"nunc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"bellare","lemma":"bello","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to make war"},{"surface":"paras","lemma":"paro","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"prepare"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"haec","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"tibi","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular","role":"possessive","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"mens","lemma":"mens","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"mind"},{"surface":"est","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":401,"label":"401","id":"b8-l401","source":"quidquid in arte mea possum promittere curae,","translation":"whatever care I can promise out of my craft,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l401.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quidquid","lemma":"quisquis","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"whatever"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"arte","lemma":"ars","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"craft"},{"surface":"mea","lemma":"meus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"possum","lemma":"possum","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"promittere","lemma":"promitto","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to promise"},{"surface":"curae","lemma":"cura","morphology":"noun, dative singular feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"care"}]},{"number":402,"label":"402","id":"b8-l402","source":"quod fieri ferro liquidove potest electro,","translation":"whatever can be made of iron or of running electrum,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l402.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"liquido ... electro","title":"A pale gold-silver alloy","body":"electro is the ablative of electrum, a pale natural alloy of gold and silver, much prized in antiquity. Vulcan lists it here alongside ferro, 'iron', as a plain material of his craft, before he has agreed to make anything at all."}],"words":[{"surface":"quod","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"whatever"},{"surface":"fieri","lemma":"fio","morphology":"verb, present infinitive passive","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to be made"},{"surface":"ferro","lemma":"ferrum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"iron"},{"surface":"liquidove","lemma":"liquidus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"running"},{"surface":"potest","lemma":"possum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"electro","lemma":"electrum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"electrum"}]},{"number":403,"label":"403","id":"b8-l403","source":"quantum ignes animaeque valent, absiste precando","translation":"whatever fire and breath are worth, give over praying,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l403.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quantum","lemma":"quantus","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"whatever"},{"surface":"ignes","lemma":"ignis","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"fire"},{"surface":"animaeque","lemma":"anima","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"breath"},{"surface":"valent","lemma":"ualeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"are worth"},{"surface":"absiste","lemma":"absisto","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"give over"},{"surface":"precando","lemma":"precor","morphology":"gerund, ablative","role":"verbal noun","gloss":"praying"}]},{"number":404,"label":"404","id":"b8-l404","source":"viribus indubitare tuis.” Ea verba locutus","translation":"give over doubting your own strength.” Having spoken these words","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l404.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"viribus","lemma":"uis","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"strength"},{"surface":"indubitare","lemma":"indubito","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"doubting"},{"surface":"tuis","lemma":"tuus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"Ea","lemma":"is","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"verba","lemma":"uerbum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"locutus","lemma":"loquor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having spoken"}]},{"number":405,"label":"405","id":"b8-l405","source":"optatos dedit amplexus placidumque petivit","translation":"he gave her the embraces she wanted, and, poured out on his wife's","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l405.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"optatos","lemma":"opto","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"wanted"},{"surface":"dedit","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"gave"},{"surface":"amplexus","lemma":"amplexus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"embraces"},{"surface":"placidumque","lemma":"placidus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"quiet"},{"surface":"petivit","lemma":"peto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"looked for"}]},{"number":406,"label":"406","id":"b8-l406","source":"coniugis infusus gremio per membra soporem.","translation":"breast, looked for a quiet sleep through all his limbs.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l406.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"coniugis","lemma":"coniunx","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"wife"},{"surface":"infusus","lemma":"infundo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"poured out"},{"surface":"gremio","lemma":"gremium","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"place","gloss":"on the breast"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"membra","lemma":"membrum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"limbs"},{"surface":"soporem","lemma":"sopor","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"sleep"}]},{"number":407,"label":"407","id":"b8-l407","source":"Inde ubi prima quies medio iam noctis abactae","translation":"Then, when first rest had driven sleep away, at the mid","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l407.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Inde","lemma":"inde","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"ubi","lemma":"ubi","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"prima","lemma":"primus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"quies","lemma":"quies","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"rest"},{"surface":"medio","lemma":"medius","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"mid"},{"surface":"iam","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"noctis","lemma":"nox","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"abactae","lemma":"abigo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive genitive singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"driven"}]},{"number":408,"label":"408","id":"b8-l408","source":"curriculo expulerat somnum, cum femina primum,","translation":"turn of the night now half run out, the hour when a woman","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l408.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"curriculo","lemma":"curriculum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"place","gloss":"course"},{"surface":"expulerat","lemma":"expello","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"had driven away"},{"surface":"somnum","lemma":"somnus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"sleep"},{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"femina","lemma":"femina","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"woman"},{"surface":"primum","lemma":"primum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"first"}]},{"number":409,"label":"409","id":"b8-l409","source":"cui tolerare colo vitam tenuique Minerva","translation":"on whom it is laid to hold out her life at the distaff and the thin","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l409.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"cui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"on whom"},{"surface":"tolerare","lemma":"tolero","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to hold out"},{"surface":"colo","lemma":"colus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"distaff"},{"surface":"vitam","lemma":"uita","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"tenuique","lemma":"tenuis","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"thin"},{"surface":"Minerva","lemma":"minerua","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"Minerva"}]},{"number":410,"label":"410","id":"b8-l410","source":"impositum, cinerem et sopitos suscitat ignes,","translation":"work of Minerva stirs the ash and the banked fires,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l410.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"impositum","lemma":"impono","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular neuter","role":"predicate","gloss":"having been placed upon"},{"surface":"cinerem","lemma":"cinis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"ash"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sopitos","lemma":"sopio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"banked"},{"surface":"suscitat","lemma":"suscito","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"stirs up"},{"surface":"ignes","lemma":"ignis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"fires"}]},{"number":411,"label":"411","id":"b8-l411","source":"noctem addens operi, famulasque ad lumina longo","translation":"adding the night to her labor, and keeps her servants at a long","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l411.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"noctem","lemma":"nox","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"addens","lemma":"addo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"adding"},{"surface":"operi","lemma":"opus","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to her labor"},{"surface":"famulasque","lemma":"famula","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"slave, servant"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"lumina","lemma":"lumen","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"lamplight"},{"surface":"longo","lemma":"longus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"long"}]},{"number":412,"label":"412","id":"b8-l412","source":"exercet penso, castum ut servare cubile","translation":"task by lamplight, so that she can keep her husband's bed","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l412.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"exercet","lemma":"exerceo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"keeps at"},{"surface":"penso","lemma":"pensum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"at task"},{"surface":"castum","lemma":"castus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"unstained"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"servare","lemma":"seruo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to keep safe"},{"surface":"cubile","lemma":"cubile","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"bed"}]},{"number":413,"label":"413","id":"b8-l413","source":"coniugis et possit parvos educere natos:","translation":"unstained and bring up her small sons:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l413.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"coniugis","lemma":"coniunx","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of her husband"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"possit","lemma":"possum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"parvos","lemma":"paruus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"educere","lemma":"educo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to bring up"},{"surface":"natos","lemma":"natus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"sons"}]},{"number":414,"label":"414","id":"b8-l414","source":"haud secus Ignipotens nec tempore segnior illo","translation":"just so, and no slower at that hour, the Lord of Fire","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l414.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Ignipotens","title":"A title, not a name","body":"Ignipotens literally means 'the one who has power over fire', a title for Vulcan rather than his proper name. Vergil rotates several such titles for the smith-god, Mulciber, Lemnius, and Volcanus, naming him differently for each of his powers."}],"words":[{"surface":"haud","lemma":"haud","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"secus","lemma":"secus","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"Ignipotens","lemma":"ignipotens","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Lord of Fire"},{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and no"},{"surface":"tempore","lemma":"tempus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"at that hour"},{"surface":"segnior","lemma":"segnis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine, comparative","role":"modifier","gloss":"slower"},{"surface":"illo","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"that"}]},{"number":415,"label":"415","id":"b8-l415","source":"mollibus e stratis opera ad fabrilia surgit.","translation":"rises from his soft bedding to the work of the forge.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l415.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"mollibus","lemma":"mollis","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"soft"},{"surface":"e","lemma":"ex","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"stratis","lemma":"stratum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"bedding"},{"surface":"opera","lemma":"opus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"works"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"fabrilia","lemma":"fabrilis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"of the forge"},{"surface":"surgit","lemma":"surgo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"rises"}]},{"number":416,"label":"416","id":"b8-l416","source":"Insula Sicanium iuxta latus Aeoliamque","translation":"An island rises beside the Sicanian coast and Aeolian","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l416.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Insula","lemma":"insula","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"island"},{"surface":"Sicanium","lemma":"sicanius","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"Sicanian"},{"surface":"iuxta","lemma":"iuxta","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"beside"},{"surface":"latus","lemma":"latus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"coast"},{"surface":"Aeoliamque","lemma":"aeolia","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"Aeolia","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""}]},{"number":417,"label":"417","id":"b8-l417","source":"erigitur Liparen, fumantibus ardua saxis,","translation":"Lipare, steep with its smoking rocks,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l417.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"erigitur","lemma":"erigo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"rises"},{"surface":"Liparen","lemma":"lipare","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Lipare"},{"surface":"fumantibus","lemma":"fumo","morphology":"participle, present active ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"smoking"},{"surface":"ardua","lemma":"arduus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"steep"},{"surface":"saxis","lemma":"saxum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"rocks"}]},{"number":418,"label":"418","id":"b8-l418","source":"quam subter specus et Cyclopum exesa caminis","translation":"beneath which a cave, and Aetnaean caverns of the Cyclopes","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l418.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quam","lemma":"quam","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"subter","lemma":"subter","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"beneath"},{"surface":"specus","lemma":"specus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"cave"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Cyclopum","lemma":"cyclops","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Cyclops"},{"surface":"exesa","lemma":"exedo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"hollowed out"},{"surface":"caminis","lemma":"caminus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"furnaces"}]},{"number":419,"label":"419","id":"b8-l419","source":"antra Aetnaea tonant validique incudibus ictus","translation":"eaten hollow by their furnaces, thunder; and strong blows","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l419.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"antra","lemma":"antrum","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"caverns"},{"surface":"Aetnaea","lemma":"aetnaeus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"Aetnaean"},{"surface":"tonant","lemma":"tono","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"thunder"},{"surface":"validique","lemma":"ualidus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"strong"},{"surface":"incudibus","lemma":"incus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"anvils"},{"surface":"ictus","lemma":"ictus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"blows"}]},{"number":420,"label":"420","id":"b8-l420","source":"auditi referunt gemitus striduntque cavernis","translation":"heard on the anvils give back their groaning, and in the caves","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l420.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"auditi","lemma":"audio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"referunt","lemma":"refero","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"give back"},{"surface":"gemitus","lemma":"gemitus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"groans"},{"surface":"striduntque","lemma":"strido","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"hiss"},{"surface":"cavernis","lemma":"cauerna","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in the caves"}]},{"number":421,"label":"421","id":"b8-l421","source":"stricturae Chalybum et fornacibus ignis anhelat,","translation":"the bars of the Chalybes hiss, and fire pants in the fire-pits,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l421.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"stricturae","lemma":"strictura","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"bars"},{"surface":"Chalybum","lemma":"chalybes","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the Chalybes"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fornacibus","lemma":"fornax","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"place","gloss":"furnaces"},{"surface":"ignis","lemma":"ignis","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"fire"},{"surface":"anhelat","lemma":"anhelo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"pants"}]},{"number":422,"label":"422","id":"b8-l422","source":"Volcani domus et Volcania nomine tellus.","translation":"the house of Vulcan, and the land named Vulcania after him.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l422.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Volcani","lemma":"uulcanus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Vulcan"},{"surface":"domus","lemma":"domus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Volcania","lemma":"uolcanius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Vulcania"},{"surface":"nomine","lemma":"nomen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"name"},{"surface":"tellus","lemma":"tellus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"land"}]},{"number":423,"label":"423","id":"b8-l423","source":"Hoc tunc ignipotens caelo descendit ab alto.","translation":"To this the Lord of Fire came down then from high heaven.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l423.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hoc","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular neuter","role":"place","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"tunc","lemma":"tunc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"ignipotens","lemma":"ignipotens","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Lord of Fire"},{"surface":"caelo","lemma":"caelum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"sky"},{"surface":"descendit","lemma":"descendo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"came down"},{"surface":"ab","lemma":"ab","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"alto","lemma":"altus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"high"}]},{"number":424,"label":"424","id":"b8-l424","source":"Ferrum exercebant vasto Cyclopes in antro,","translation":"The Cyclopes were working iron in the vast cave,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l424.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ferrum","lemma":"ferrum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"iron"},{"surface":"exercebant","lemma":"exerceo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"were working"},{"surface":"vasto","lemma":"uastus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"vast"},{"surface":"Cyclopes","lemma":"cyclops","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Cyclopes"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"antro","lemma":"antrum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"cave"}]},{"number":425,"label":"425","id":"b8-l425","source":"Brontesque Steropesque et nudus membra Pyragmon.","translation":"Brontes and Steropes and Pyracmon, his limbs bare.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l425.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Brontesque Steropesque et ... Pyragmon","title":"Names that mean what they make","body":"The three Cyclopes are named for what they make: Brontes from brontē, 'thunder', and Steropes from steropē, 'flash'. Hesiod gives those two names; Pyracmon, 'fire-anvil', looks to be Vergil's own coinage, added to complete the set."}],"words":[{"surface":"Brontesque","lemma":"brontes","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Brontes"},{"surface":"Steropesque","lemma":"steropes","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Steropes"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"nudus","lemma":"nudus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"nude"},{"surface":"membra","lemma":"membrum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in limbs"},{"surface":"Pyragmon","lemma":"pyracmon","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Pyracmon"}]},{"number":426,"label":"426","id":"b8-l426","source":"His informatum manibus iam parte polita","translation":"Under their hands was a thunderbolt, shaped, and part of it","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l426.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"His","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"informatum","lemma":"informo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular neuter","role":"predicate","gloss":"shaped"},{"surface":"manibus","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"hands"},{"surface":"iam","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"parte","lemma":"pars","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"part"},{"surface":"polita","lemma":"polio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular neuter","role":"predicate","gloss":"polished"}]},{"number":427,"label":"427","id":"b8-l427","source":"fulmen erat, toto genitor quae plurima caelo","translation":"already polished, the kind the father throws down in numbers","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l427.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"fulmen","lemma":"fulmen","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"thunderbolt"},{"surface":"erat","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"toto","lemma":"totus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"genitor","lemma":"genitor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"plurima","lemma":"multus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"caelo","lemma":"caelum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"from the sky"}]},{"number":428,"label":"428","id":"b8-l428","source":"deicit in terras, pars inperfecta manebat.","translation":"from the whole sky onto the lands; part stayed unfinished.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l428.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"deicit","lemma":"deicio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"throws"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"onto"},{"surface":"terras","lemma":"terra","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"lands"},{"surface":"pars","lemma":"pars","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"part"},{"surface":"inperfecta","lemma":"imperfectus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"unfinished"},{"surface":"manebat","lemma":"maneo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"stayed"}]},{"number":429,"label":"429","id":"b8-l429","source":"Tris imbris torti radios, tris nubis aquosae","translation":"Three spokes of twisted hail they had put in, three of watery","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l429.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tris","lemma":"tres","morphology":"numeral, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"imbris","lemma":"imber","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of hail"},{"surface":"torti","lemma":"torqueo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"twisted"},{"surface":"radios","lemma":"radius","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"spokes"},{"surface":"tris","lemma":"tres","morphology":"numeral, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"nubis","lemma":"nubes","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"cloud"},{"surface":"aquosae","lemma":"aquosus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"watery"}]},{"number":430,"label":"430","id":"b8-l430","source":"addiderant, rutili tris ignis et alitis austri:","translation":"cloud, three of red fire and of the winged south wind:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l430.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"addiderant","lemma":"addo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural pluperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"had put in"},{"surface":"rutili","lemma":"rutilus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"red"},{"surface":"tris","lemma":"tres","morphology":"numeral, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"ignis","lemma":"ignis","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of fire"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"alitis","lemma":"ales","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"winged"},{"surface":"austri","lemma":"auster","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"south"}]},{"number":431,"label":"431","id":"b8-l431","source":"fulgores nunc horrificos sonitumque metumque","translation":"now they were mixing into the work the flashes that terrify, the noise,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l431.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"fulgores","lemma":"fulgor","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"flashes"},{"surface":"nunc","lemma":"nunc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"horrificos","lemma":"horrificus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"terrifying"},{"surface":"sonitumque","lemma":"sonitus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"noise"},{"surface":"metumque","lemma":"metus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"fear"}]},{"number":432,"label":"432","id":"b8-l432","source":"miscebant operi flammisque sequacibus iras.","translation":"the fear, and wrath, with flames that come after.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l432.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"miscebant","lemma":"misceo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"were mixing"},{"surface":"operi","lemma":"opus","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"work"},{"surface":"flammisque","lemma":"flamma","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"flames"},{"surface":"sequacibus","lemma":"sequax","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"that come after"},{"surface":"iras","lemma":"ira","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"wrath"}]},{"number":433,"label":"433","id":"b8-l433","source":"Parte alia Marti currumque rotasque volucris","translation":"In another quarter they were pressing on with a chariot for Mars and flying","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l433.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Parte","lemma":"pars","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in another quarter"},{"surface":"alia","lemma":"alius","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"Marti","lemma":"mars","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"Mars"},{"surface":"currumque","lemma":"currus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"chariot"},{"surface":"rotasque","lemma":"rota","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"wheels"},{"surface":"volucris","lemma":"uolucer","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"flying"}]},{"number":434,"label":"434","id":"b8-l434","source":"instabant, quibus ille viros, quibus excitat urbes;","translation":"wheels, with which he stirs up men, with which he stirs up cities;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l434.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"instabant","lemma":"insto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"were pressing on"},{"surface":"quibus","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with which"},{"surface":"ille","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"viros","lemma":"uir","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"quibus","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with which"},{"surface":"excitat","lemma":"excito","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"stirs up"},{"surface":"urbes","lemma":"urbs","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"cities"}]},{"number":435,"label":"435","id":"b8-l435","source":"aegidaque horriferam, turbatae Palladis arma,","translation":"and the dread aegis, the armor of Pallas in her anger,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l435.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"aegidaque","lemma":"aegis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"aegis"},{"surface":"horriferam","lemma":"horrifer","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"dread"},{"surface":"turbatae","lemma":"turbo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive genitive singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"in her anger"},{"surface":"Palladis","lemma":"pallas","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Pallas"},{"surface":"arma","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"apposition","gloss":"weapons"}]},{"number":436,"label":"436","id":"b8-l436","source":"certatim squamis serpentum auroque polibant","translation":"they were vying to polish with serpent scales and gold,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l436.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"certatim","lemma":"certatim","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"competing"},{"surface":"squamis","lemma":"squama","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"scales"},{"surface":"serpentum","lemma":"serpens","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of serpents"},{"surface":"auroque","lemma":"aurum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"gold"},{"surface":"polibant","lemma":"polio","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"were polishing"}]},{"number":437,"label":"437","id":"b8-l437","source":"conexosque anguis ipsamque in pectore divae","translation":"and the linked snakes, and on the goddess's breast the Gorgon","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l437.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"conexosque","lemma":"conecto","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"linked"},{"surface":"anguis","lemma":"anguis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"snakes"},{"surface":"ipsamque","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"herself"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"pectore","lemma":"pectus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"breast"},{"surface":"divae","lemma":"diua","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"goddess"}]},{"number":438,"label":"438","id":"b8-l438","source":"Gorgona, desecto vertentem lumina collo.","translation":"herself, turning her eyes with her neck cut through.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l438.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Gorgona","lemma":"gorgo","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"Gorgon"},{"surface":"desecto","lemma":"deseco","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"cut through"},{"surface":"vertentem","lemma":"uerto","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"turning"},{"surface":"lumina","lemma":"lumen","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"collo","lemma":"collum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with her neck"}]},{"number":439,"label":"439","id":"b8-l439","source":"“Tollite cuncta,” inquit, “coeptosque auferte labores,","translation":"“Take it all up,” he says, “and carry off the labors you have begun,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l439.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tollite","lemma":"tollo","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"take up"},{"surface":"cuncta","lemma":"cunctus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"inquit","lemma":"inquam","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"says"},{"surface":"coeptosque","lemma":"coeptus","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"begun"},{"surface":"auferte","lemma":"aufero","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"carry off"},{"surface":"labores","lemma":"labor","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"labors"}]},{"number":440,"label":"440","id":"b8-l440","source":"Aetnaei Cyclopes, et huc advertite mentem:","translation":"Cyclopes of Aetna, and turn your minds this way:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l440.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Aetnaei","lemma":"aetnaeus","morphology":"adjective, vocative plural masculine","role":"address","gloss":"of Aetna"},{"surface":"Cyclopes","lemma":"cyclops","morphology":"noun, vocative plural masculine","role":"address","gloss":"Cyclopes"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"huc","lemma":"huc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"this way"},{"surface":"advertite","lemma":"aduerto","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"turn"},{"surface":"mentem","lemma":"mens","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"mind"}]},{"number":441,"label":"441","id":"b8-l441","source":"arma acri facienda viro. Nunc viribus usus,","translation":"arms are to be made for a fierce man. Now there is need of strength,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l441.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"arma acri facienda viro","title":"A commission, no name given","body":"facienda is a gerundive of obligation, 'must be made', with viro, 'for the man', naming the one it is made for without naming him. Vulcan's order stays this impersonal throughout: not once does he say Aeneas's name while commissioning the arms."}],"words":[{"surface":"arma","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"arms"},{"surface":"acri","lemma":"acer","morphology":"adjective, dative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"fierce"},{"surface":"facienda","lemma":"facio","morphology":"gerundive, nominative plural neuter","role":"obligation","gloss":"are to be made"},{"surface":"viro","lemma":"uir","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"for a man"},{"surface":"Nunc","lemma":"nunc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"viribus","lemma":"uis","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"forces"},{"surface":"usus","lemma":"usus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"need"}]},{"number":442,"label":"442","id":"b8-l442","source":"nunc manibus rapidis, omni nunc arte magistra.","translation":"now of quick hands, now of the whole mastery of your craft.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l442.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"nunc","lemma":"nunc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"manibus","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"hands"},{"surface":"rapidis","lemma":"rapidus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"quick"},{"surface":"omni","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"nunc","lemma":"nunc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"arte","lemma":"ars","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"craft"},{"surface":"magistra","lemma":"magistra","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"masterly"}]},{"number":443,"label":"443","id":"b8-l443","source":"Praecipitate moras.” Nec plura effatus; at illi","translation":"Throw off delay.” He said no more; and they","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l443.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Praecipitate","lemma":"praecipito","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"throw off"},{"surface":"moras","lemma":"mora","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"delay"},{"surface":"Nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"plura","lemma":"multus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"effatus","lemma":"effor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular masculine","role":"main verb","gloss":"having said"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"illi","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"they"}]},{"number":444,"label":"444","id":"b8-l444","source":"ocius incubuere omnes pariterque laborem","translation":"all bent to it at once and shared out the labor","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ocius","lemma":"ocior","morphology":"adverb, comparative","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"quickly"},{"surface":"incubuere","lemma":"incumbo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"bent to it"},{"surface":"omnes","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"pariterque","lemma":"pariter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"alike"},{"surface":"laborem","lemma":"labor","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"labor"}]},{"number":445,"label":"445","id":"b8-l445","source":"sortiti. Fluit aes rivis aurique metallum,","translation":"by lot alike. Bronze runs in streams, and the ore of gold,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l445.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sortiti","lemma":"sortior","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having drawn lots"},{"surface":"Fluit","lemma":"fluo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"runs"},{"surface":"aes","lemma":"aes","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"bronze"},{"surface":"rivis","lemma":"riuus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"streams"},{"surface":"aurique","lemma":"aurum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"gold"},{"surface":"metallum","lemma":"metallum","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"ore"}]},{"number":446,"label":"446","id":"b8-l446","source":"volnificusque chalybs vasta fornace liquescit.","translation":"and wound-dealing steel melts in the huge furnace.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l446.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"volnificusque","lemma":"uulnificus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"causing wounds"},{"surface":"chalybs","lemma":"chalybs","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"steel"},{"surface":"vasta","lemma":"uastus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"huge"},{"surface":"fornace","lemma":"fornax","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"place","gloss":"furnace"},{"surface":"liquescit","lemma":"liquesco","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"melts"}]},{"number":447,"label":"447","id":"b8-l447","source":"Ingentem clipeum informant, unum omnia contra","translation":"They shape a huge shield, one against all the weapons","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l447.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ingentem","lemma":"ingens","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"huge"},{"surface":"clipeum","lemma":"clipeus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"shield"},{"surface":"informant","lemma":"informo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"shape"},{"surface":"unum","lemma":"unus","morphology":"numeral, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"omnia","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"contra","lemma":"contra","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"against"}]},{"number":448,"label":"448","id":"b8-l448","source":"tela Latinorum, septenosque orbibus orbes","translation":"of the Latins, and they lock circle into circle, seven","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l448.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"tela","lemma":"telum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"weapons"},{"surface":"Latinorum","lemma":"latinus","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Latins"},{"surface":"septenosque","lemma":"septeni","morphology":"numeral, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"seven"},{"surface":"orbibus","lemma":"orbis","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with circles"},{"surface":"orbes","lemma":"orbis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"circles"}]},{"number":449,"label":"449","id":"b8-l449","source":"impediunt. Alii ventosis follibus auras","translation":"deep. Some, with windy bellows, take the air in","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l449.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"impediunt","lemma":"impedio","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"lock"},{"surface":"Alii","lemma":"alius","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"ventosis","lemma":"uentosus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"windy"},{"surface":"follibus","lemma":"follis","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with bellows"},{"surface":"auras","lemma":"aura","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"air"}]},{"number":450,"label":"450","id":"b8-l450","source":"accipiunt redduntque, alii stridentia tingunt","translation":"and give it back; others dip the hissing bronze","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l450.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"accipiunt","lemma":"accipio","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"take in"},{"surface":"redduntque","lemma":"reddo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"give back"},{"surface":"alii","lemma":"alius","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"others"},{"surface":"stridentia","lemma":"strideo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"hissing"},{"surface":"tingunt","lemma":"tingo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"dip"}]},{"number":451,"label":"451","id":"b8-l451","source":"aera lacu. Gemit impositis incudibus antrum.","translation":"in the trough. The cave groans under the anvils set on it.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l451.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"aera","lemma":"aes","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"bronze"},{"surface":"lacu","lemma":"lacus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"trough"},{"surface":"Gemit","lemma":"gemo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"groans"},{"surface":"impositis","lemma":"impono","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"set on"},{"surface":"incudibus","lemma":"incus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"anvils"},{"surface":"antrum","lemma":"antrum","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"cave"}]},{"number":452,"label":"452","id":"b8-l452","source":"Illi inter sese multa vi bracchia tollunt","translation":"Among themselves they lift their arms with great force, in time,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l452.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"in numerum","title":"The vocabulary of dance","body":"in numerum literally means 'in rhythm' or 'in time', the phrase used of dancers keeping a beat together. Vergil applies it here to the Cyclopes hammering in unison, describing the loudest workshop imaginable with the vocabulary of a chorus."}],"words":[{"surface":"Illi","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"inter","lemma":"inter","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"sese","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"multa","lemma":"multus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"uis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"force"},{"surface":"bracchia","lemma":"bracchium","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"arms"},{"surface":"tollunt","lemma":"tollo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"lift"}]},{"number":453,"label":"453","id":"b8-l453","source":"in numerum versantque tenaci forcipe massam.","translation":"and turn the mass with gripping tongs.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l453.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"numerum","lemma":"numerus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"versantque","lemma":"uerso","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"turn"},{"surface":"tenaci","lemma":"tenax","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"gripping"},{"surface":"forcipe","lemma":"forceps","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with tongs"},{"surface":"massam","lemma":"massa","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"mass"}]},{"number":454,"label":"454","id":"b8-l454","source":"Haec pater Aeoliis properat dum Lemnius oris,","translation":"While the Lemnian father hurries this on the Aeolian shores,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l454.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Haec","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"pater","lemma":"pater","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"Aeoliis","lemma":"aeolius","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Aeolian"},{"surface":"properat","lemma":"propero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"hurries"},{"surface":"dum","lemma":"dum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"Lemnius","lemma":"lemnius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Lemnian"},{"surface":"oris","lemma":"ora","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"place","gloss":"on shores"}]},{"number":455,"label":"455","id":"b8-l455","source":"Euandrum ex humili tecto lux suscitat alma","translation":"the kindly light rouses Evander from his low roof,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l455.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Euandrum","lemma":"euander","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Evander"},{"surface":"ex","lemma":"ex","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"humili","lemma":"humilis","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"low"},{"surface":"tecto","lemma":"tectum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"roof"},{"surface":"lux","lemma":"lux","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"light"},{"surface":"suscitat","lemma":"suscito","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"rouses"},{"surface":"alma","lemma":"almus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"kindly"}]},{"number":456,"label":"456","id":"b8-l456","source":"et matutini volucrum sub culmine cantus.","translation":"and the morning songs of birds under the gable.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l456.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"matutini","lemma":"matutinus","morphology":"adjective, genitive plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"morning"},{"surface":"volucrum","lemma":"uolucris","morphology":"noun, genitive plural feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"bird, flying insect"},{"surface":"sub","lemma":"sub","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"culmine","lemma":"culmen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"gable"},{"surface":"cantus","lemma":"cantus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"songs"}]},{"number":457,"label":"457","id":"b8-l457","source":"Consurgit senior tunicaque inducitur artus","translation":"The old man rises and draws a tunic over his limbs","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l457.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Consurgit","lemma":"consurgo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"rises"},{"surface":"senior","lemma":"senior","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine, comparative","role":"subject","gloss":"old man"},{"surface":"tunicaque","lemma":"tunica","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"tunic"},{"surface":"inducitur","lemma":"induco","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"is drawn"},{"surface":"artus","lemma":"artus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"limbs"}]},{"number":458,"label":"458","id":"b8-l458","source":"et Tyrrhena pedum circumdat vincula plantis;","translation":"and puts Tyrrhenian bindings round the soles of his feet;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l458.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Tyrrhena","lemma":"tyrrhenus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"Tyrrhenian"},{"surface":"pedum","lemma":"pes","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of his feet"},{"surface":"circumdat","lemma":"circumdo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"puts around"},{"surface":"vincula","lemma":"uinculum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"bindings"},{"surface":"plantis","lemma":"planta","morphology":"noun, dative plural feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"soles"}]},{"number":459,"label":"459","id":"b8-l459","source":"tum lateri atque umeris Tegeaeum subligat ensem,","translation":"then he straps the Tegean sword to his side and shoulder,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l459.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"lateri","lemma":"latus","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to his side"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"umeris","lemma":"umerus","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"shoulders"},{"surface":"Tegeaeum","lemma":"tegeeus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Tegean"},{"surface":"subligat","lemma":"subligo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"straps"},{"surface":"ensem","lemma":"ensis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"sword"}]},{"number":460,"label":"460","id":"b8-l460","source":"demissa ab laeva pantherae terga retorquens.","translation":"throwing back the panther skin that hangs from his left.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l460.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"demissa","lemma":"demissus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"hanging down"},{"surface":"ab","lemma":"ab","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"laeva","lemma":"laeuus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"left"},{"surface":"pantherae","lemma":"panthera","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"panther's"},{"surface":"terga","lemma":"tergum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"hide"},{"surface":"retorquens","lemma":"retorqueo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"twisting back"}]},{"number":461,"label":"461","id":"b8-l461","source":"Nec non et gemini custodes limine ab alto","translation":"And two guardian dogs go out ahead from the high threshold","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l461.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"gemini","lemma":"geminus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"custodes","lemma":"custos","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"guardian dogs"},{"surface":"limine","lemma":"limen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"threshold"},{"surface":"ab","lemma":"ab","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"alto","lemma":"altus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"high"}]},{"number":462,"label":"462","id":"b8-l462","source":"praecedunt gressumque canes comitantur erilem.","translation":"and keep pace with their master's step.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l462.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"praecedunt","lemma":"praecedo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"go ahead"},{"surface":"gressumque","lemma":"gressus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"step"},{"surface":"canes","lemma":"canis","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"dogs"},{"surface":"comitantur","lemma":"comitor","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"keep pace with"},{"surface":"erilem","lemma":"erilis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"master's"}]},{"number":463,"label":"463","id":"b8-l463","source":"Hospitis Aeneae sedem et secreta petebat","translation":"The hero was making for the quarters and the privacy of his guest","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l463.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hospitis","lemma":"hospes","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of his guest"},{"surface":"Aeneae","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Aeneas"},{"surface":"sedem","lemma":"sedes","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"quarters"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"secreta","lemma":"secretum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"privacy"},{"surface":"petebat","lemma":"peto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was making for"}]},{"number":464,"label":"464","id":"b8-l464","source":"sermonum memor et promissi muneris heros.","translation":"Aeneas, remembering their talk and the gift he had promised.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l464.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sermonum","lemma":"sermo","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of their talk"},{"surface":"memor","lemma":"memor","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"remembering"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"promissi","lemma":"promitto","morphology":"participle, perfect passive genitive singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"promised"},{"surface":"muneris","lemma":"munus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"gift"},{"surface":"heros","lemma":"heros","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"hero"}]},{"number":465,"label":"465","id":"b8-l465","source":"Nec minus Aeneas se matutinus agebat.","translation":"No less was Aeneas up and moving in the morning.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l465.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"minus","lemma":"minus","morphology":"adverb, comparative","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"less"},{"surface":"Aeneas","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Aeneas"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"matutinus","lemma":"matutinus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"morning"},{"surface":"agebat","lemma":"ago","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was moving"}]},{"number":466,"label":"466","id":"b8-l466","source":"Filius huic Pallas, illi comes ibat Achates.","translation":"Pallas his son walked with the one, Achates as companion with the other.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l466.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Filius","lemma":"filius","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"son"},{"surface":"huic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Pallas","lemma":"pallas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Pallas"},{"surface":"illi","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"with the other"},{"surface":"comes","lemma":"comes","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"as companion"},{"surface":"ibat","lemma":"eo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"walked"},{"surface":"Achates","lemma":"achates","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Achates"}]},{"number":467,"label":"467","id":"b8-l467","source":"Congressi iungunt dextras mediisque residunt","translation":"They meet and join right hands, and sit down in the middle","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l467.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Congressi","lemma":"congredior","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having met"},{"surface":"iungunt","lemma":"iungo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"join"},{"surface":"dextras","lemma":"dextera","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"right hands"},{"surface":"mediisque","lemma":"medius","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"middle","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"residunt","lemma":"resido","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"sit down"}]},{"number":468,"label":"468","id":"b8-l468","source":"aedibus et licito tandem sermone fruuntur.","translation":"of the house, and enjoy at last the talk they are free to have.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l468.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"aedibus","lemma":"aedes","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"place","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"licito","lemma":"licitus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"free to have"},{"surface":"tandem","lemma":"tandem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at last"},{"surface":"sermone","lemma":"sermo","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"the talk"},{"surface":"fruuntur","lemma":"fruor","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"enjoy"}]},{"number":469,"label":"469","id":"b8-l469","source":"Rex prior haec:","translation":"The king spoke first:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l469.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Rex prior haec:","title":"Broken off before a speech","body":"The hexameter stops after three words, one of roughly fifty-five unfinished lines in the poem. It falls at a hinge, exactly where a speech is about to begin, and we leave the fragment where Vergil left it."}],"words":[{"surface":"Rex","lemma":"rex","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"king"},{"surface":"prior","lemma":"prior","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine, comparative","role":"modifier","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"haec","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"this"}]},{"number":470,"label":"470","id":"b8-l470","source":"“Maxume Teucrorum ductor, quo sospite numquam","translation":"“Greatest leader of the Teucrians, while you are safe I will never","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l470.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Maxume","lemma":"maxumus","morphology":"adjective, vocative singular masculine, superlative","role":"address","gloss":"greatest"},{"surface":"Teucrorum","lemma":"teucer","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the Teucrians"},{"surface":"ductor","lemma":"ductor","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"leader"},{"surface":"quo","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"whom"},{"surface":"sospite","lemma":"sospes","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"safe"},{"surface":"numquam","lemma":"numquam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"never"}]},{"number":471,"label":"471","id":"b8-l471","source":"res equidem Troiae victas aut regna fatebor,","translation":"admit that the fortunes of Troy or her kingdom are beaten,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l471.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"res","lemma":"res","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"fortunes"},{"surface":"equidem","lemma":"equidem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"Troiae","lemma":"troia","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Troy"},{"surface":"victas","lemma":"uinco","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"beaten"},{"surface":"aut","lemma":"aut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"regna","lemma":"regnum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"kingdoms"},{"surface":"fatebor","lemma":"fateor","morphology":"verb, 1st singular future indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"will admit"}]},{"number":472,"label":"472","id":"b8-l472","source":"nobis ad belli auxilium pro nomine tanto","translation":"but for help in a war our strength is thin, set against","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l472.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"nobis","lemma":"nos","morphology":"pronoun, dative plural","role":"indirect object","gloss":"our"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"belli","lemma":"bellum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"war"},{"surface":"auxilium","lemma":"auxilium","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"help"},{"surface":"pro","lemma":"pro","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"set against"},{"surface":"nomine","lemma":"nomen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"name"},{"surface":"tanto","lemma":"tantus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"so great"}]},{"number":473,"label":"473","id":"b8-l473","source":"exiguae vires: hinc Tusco claudimur amni,","translation":"so great a name: on this side we are shut in by the Tuscan river,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l473.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"exiguae","lemma":"exiguus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"thin"},{"surface":"vires","lemma":"uis","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"strength"},{"surface":"hinc","lemma":"hinc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"on this side"},{"surface":"Tusco","lemma":"tuscus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Tuscan"},{"surface":"claudimur","lemma":"claudo","morphology":"verb, 1st plural present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"are shut in"},{"surface":"amni","lemma":"amnis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"river"}]},{"number":474,"label":"474","id":"b8-l474","source":"hinc Rutulus premit et murum circumsonat armis.","translation":"on that the Rutulian presses and rings our wall with weapons.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l474.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"hinc","lemma":"hinc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"on that side"},{"surface":"Rutulus","lemma":"rutulus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Rutulian"},{"surface":"premit","lemma":"premo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"presses"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"murum","lemma":"murus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"wall"},{"surface":"circumsonat","lemma":"circumsono","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"rings"},{"surface":"armis","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with weapons"}]},{"number":475,"label":"475","id":"b8-l475","source":"Sed tibi ego ingentis populos opulentaque regnis","translation":"But I am preparing to join to you huge peoples and camps","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l475.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sed","lemma":"sed","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"tibi","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"ego","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular","role":"subject","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"ingentis","lemma":"ingens","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"huge"},{"surface":"populos","lemma":"populus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"peoples"},{"surface":"opulentaque","lemma":"opulentus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"rich"},{"surface":"regnis","lemma":"regnum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"kingdoms"}]},{"number":476,"label":"476","id":"b8-l476","source":"iungere castra paro, quam fors inopina salutem","translation":"rich in kingdoms, a rescue that unlooked-for chance holds out:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l476.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"iungere","lemma":"iungo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to join"},{"surface":"castra","lemma":"castra","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"camps"},{"surface":"paro","lemma":"paro","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"am preparing"},{"surface":"quam","lemma":"quam","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"that which"},{"surface":"fors","lemma":"fors","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"chance"},{"surface":"inopina","lemma":"inopinus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"unlooked-for"},{"surface":"salutem","lemma":"salus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"rescue"}]},{"number":477,"label":"477","id":"b8-l477","source":"ostentat: fatis huc te poscentibus adfers.","translation":"you bring yourself here with the fates calling for you.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l477.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ostentat","lemma":"ostento","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"holds out"},{"surface":"fatis","lemma":"fatum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"fates"},{"surface":"huc","lemma":"huc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"to here"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"poscentibus","lemma":"posco","morphology":"participle, present active ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"calling for"},{"surface":"adfers","lemma":"affero","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"bring"}]},{"number":478,"label":"478","id":"b8-l478","source":"Haud procul hinc saxo incolitur fundata vetusto","translation":"Not far from here, founded on ancient rock, the seat of the city","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l478.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Haud","lemma":"haud","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"procul","lemma":"procul","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"far off"},{"surface":"hinc","lemma":"hinc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"from here"},{"surface":"saxo","lemma":"saxum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"rock"},{"surface":"incolitur","lemma":"incolo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"is lived in"},{"surface":"fundata","lemma":"fundo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"founded"},{"surface":"vetusto","lemma":"uetustus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"ancient"}]},{"number":479,"label":"479","id":"b8-l479","source":"urbis Agyllinae sedes, ubi Lydia quondam","translation":"of Agylla is lived in, where once a Lydian","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l479.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"urbis","lemma":"urbs","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"city"},{"surface":"Agyllinae","lemma":"agyllinus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of Agylla"},{"surface":"sedes","lemma":"sedes","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"seat"},{"surface":"ubi","lemma":"ubi","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"Lydia","lemma":"lydius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Lydian"},{"surface":"quondam","lemma":"quondam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"once"}]},{"number":480,"label":"480","id":"b8-l480","source":"gens, bello praeclara, iugis insedit Etruscis.","translation":"people, famous in war, settled on the Etruscan ridges.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l480.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"gens","lemma":"gens","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"bello","lemma":"bellum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"war"},{"surface":"praeclara","lemma":"praeclarus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"famous"},{"surface":"iugis","lemma":"iugum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"place","gloss":"ridges"},{"surface":"insedit","lemma":"insido","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"settled"},{"surface":"Etruscis","lemma":"etruscus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"Etruscan"}]},{"number":481,"label":"481","id":"b8-l481","source":"Hanc multos florentem annos rex deinde superbo","translation":"Flourishing for many years, it was afterward held by king","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l481.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hanc","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"multos","lemma":"multus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"florentem","lemma":"floreo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"flourishing"},{"surface":"annos","lemma":"annus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"rex","lemma":"rex","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"king"},{"surface":"deinde","lemma":"deinde","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"afterward"},{"surface":"superbo","lemma":"superbus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"arrogant"}]},{"number":482,"label":"482","id":"b8-l482","source":"imperio et saevis tenuit Mezentius armis.","translation":"Mezentius, with arrogant rule and savage weapons.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l482.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"imperio","lemma":"imperium","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with rule"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"saevis","lemma":"saeuus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"savage"},{"surface":"tenuit","lemma":"teneo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"held"},{"surface":"Mezentius","lemma":"mezentius","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Mezentius"},{"surface":"armis","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"weapons"}]},{"number":483,"label":"483","id":"b8-l483","source":"Quid memorem infandas caedes, quid facta tyranni","translation":"Why should I tell over the unspeakable killings, the wild deeds","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l483.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Quid","lemma":"quis","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"why"},{"surface":"memorem","lemma":"memoro","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present subjunctive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"tell of"},{"surface":"infandas","lemma":"infandus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"unspeakable"},{"surface":"caedes","lemma":"caedes","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"killings"},{"surface":"quid","lemma":"quis","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"why"},{"surface":"facta","lemma":"factum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"deeds"},{"surface":"tyranni","lemma":"tyrannus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"tyrant"}]},{"number":484,"label":"484","id":"b8-l484","source":"effera? Di capiti ipsius generique reservent!","translation":"of the tyrant? May the gods keep them for his own head and his line!","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l484.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"effera","lemma":"efferus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"wild"},{"surface":"Di","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"gods"},{"surface":"capiti","lemma":"caput","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"ipsius","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"pronoun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"his own"},{"surface":"generique","lemma":"genus","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"his line"},{"surface":"reservent","lemma":"reseruo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present subjunctive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"keep"}]},{"number":485,"label":"485","id":"b8-l485","source":"Mortua quin etiam iungebat corpora vivis","translation":"He even bound dead bodies to living ones,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l485.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Mortua","lemma":"mortuus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"dead"},{"surface":"quin","lemma":"quin","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"etiam","lemma":"etiam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"iungebat","lemma":"iungo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"bound"},{"surface":"corpora","lemma":"corpus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"bodies"},{"surface":"vivis","lemma":"uiuus","morphology":"adjective, dative plural neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"living"}]},{"number":486,"label":"486","id":"b8-l486","source":"componens manibusque manus atque oribus ora,","translation":"fitting hand to hand and mouth to mouth,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l486.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"componens","lemma":"compono","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"fitting"},{"surface":"manibusque","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, dative plural feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"hands"},{"surface":"manus","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"hands"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"oribus","lemma":"os","morphology":"noun, dative plural neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"mouths"},{"surface":"ora","lemma":"os","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"mouths"}]},{"number":487,"label":"487","id":"b8-l487","source":"tormenti genus, et sanie taboque fluentis","translation":"a kind of torture, and so, in that wretched embrace,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l487.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"tormenti","lemma":"tormentum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"torture"},{"surface":"genus","lemma":"genus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"apposition","gloss":"a kind"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sanie","lemma":"sanies","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with matter"},{"surface":"taboque","lemma":"tabum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"and rot"},{"surface":"fluentis","lemma":"fluo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"running"}]},{"number":488,"label":"488","id":"b8-l488","source":"complexu in misero longa sic morte necabat.","translation":"running with matter and rot, he killed them by a long death.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l488.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"complexu","lemma":"complexus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"embrace"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"misero","lemma":"miser","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"wretched"},{"surface":"longa","lemma":"longus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"sic","lemma":"sic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"morte","lemma":"mors","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"death"},{"surface":"necabat","lemma":"neco","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"killed"}]},{"number":489,"label":"489","id":"b8-l489","source":"at fessi tandem cives infanda furentem","translation":"But the citizens, worn out at last, armed themselves and stood","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l489.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"fessi","lemma":"fessus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"worn out"},{"surface":"tandem","lemma":"tandem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at last"},{"surface":"cives","lemma":"ciuis","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"citizens"},{"surface":"infanda","lemma":"infandus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"unspeakable acts"},{"surface":"furentem","lemma":"furo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"raging"}]},{"number":490,"label":"490","id":"b8-l490","source":"armati circumsistunt ipsumque domumque,","translation":"around the man and his house while he raged past all speech,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l490.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"armati","lemma":"armo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"armed"},{"surface":"circumsistunt","lemma":"circumsisto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"stand around"},{"surface":"ipsumque","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"domumque","lemma":"domus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"house"}]},{"number":491,"label":"491","id":"b8-l491","source":"obtruncant socios, ignem ad fastigia iactant.","translation":"cut down his followers, and threw fire at the roof.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l491.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"obtruncant","lemma":"obtrunco","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"cut down"},{"surface":"socios","lemma":"socius","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"followers"},{"surface":"ignem","lemma":"ignis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"fire"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"fastigia","lemma":"fastigium","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"roof"},{"surface":"iactant","lemma":"iacto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"threw"}]},{"number":492,"label":"492","id":"b8-l492","source":"Ille inter caedem Rutulorum elapsus in agros","translation":"He slipped out through the slaughter into the fields of the Rutulians","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l492.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ille","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"inter","lemma":"inter","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"caedem","lemma":"caedes","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"slaughter"},{"surface":"Rutulorum","lemma":"rutuli","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Rutulians"},{"surface":"elapsus","lemma":"elabor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular masculine","role":"main verb","gloss":"slipped out"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"agros","lemma":"ager","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"fields"}]},{"number":493,"label":"493","id":"b8-l493","source":"confugere et Turni defendier hospitis armis.","translation":"to take refuge there, and be shielded by the arms of Turnus his host.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l493.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"defendier","title":"An old passive infinitive","body":"defendier is an archaic present passive infinitive, equal to defendi, 'to be defended', keeping the older -ier ending for its antique sound. It stands with confugere, another bare infinitive, in a run of historic infinitives reporting rapid action with no tense of their own."}],"words":[{"surface":"confugere","lemma":"confugio","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to take refuge"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Turni","lemma":"turnus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Turnus"},{"surface":"defendier","lemma":"defendo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive passive","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to be shielded"},{"surface":"hospitis","lemma":"hospes","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"host"},{"surface":"armis","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by the arms"}]},{"number":494,"label":"494","id":"b8-l494","source":"Ergo omnis furiis surrexit Etruria iustis:","translation":"So all Etruria has risen in a fury that is just:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l494.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ergo","lemma":"ergo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"therefore"},{"surface":"omnis","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"furiis","lemma":"furia","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in fury"},{"surface":"surrexit","lemma":"surgo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"has risen"},{"surface":"Etruria","lemma":"etruria","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Etruria"},{"surface":"iustis","lemma":"iustus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"just"}]},{"number":495,"label":"495","id":"b8-l495","source":"regem ad supplicium praesenti Marte reposcunt.","translation":"they demand the king back for punishment, with war standing ready.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l495.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"regem","lemma":"rex","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"king"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"supplicium","lemma":"supplicium","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"punishment"},{"surface":"praesenti","lemma":"praesens","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"standing ready"},{"surface":"Marte","lemma":"mars","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with war"},{"surface":"reposcunt","lemma":"reposco","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"demand back"}]},{"number":496,"label":"496","id":"b8-l496","source":"his ego te, Aenea, ductorem milibus addam.","translation":"To these thousands, Aeneas, I will add you as leader.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l496.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"his","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, dative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"ego","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular","role":"subject","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"Aenea","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"Aeneas"},{"surface":"ductorem","lemma":"ductor","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"leader"},{"surface":"milibus","lemma":"mille","morphology":"numeral, dative plural neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"thousand"},{"surface":"addam","lemma":"addo","morphology":"verb, 1st singular future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"will add"}]},{"number":497,"label":"497","id":"b8-l497","source":"Toto namque fremunt condensae litore puppes","translation":"For the ships roar, packed close along the whole shore,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l497.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Toto","lemma":"totus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"namque","lemma":"namque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"for indeed"},{"surface":"fremunt","lemma":"fremo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"roar"},{"surface":"condensae","lemma":"condensus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"packed close"},{"surface":"litore","lemma":"litus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"place","gloss":"shore"},{"surface":"puppes","lemma":"puppis","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"ships"}]},{"number":498,"label":"498","id":"b8-l498","source":"Signaque ferre iubent; retinet longaevus haruspex","translation":"and order the standards forward; an aged reader of entrails holds them,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l498.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Signaque","lemma":"signum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"standards"},{"surface":"ferre","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to carry"},{"surface":"iubent","lemma":"iubeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"order"},{"surface":"retinet","lemma":"retineo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"holds back"},{"surface":"longaevus","lemma":"longaeuus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"aged"},{"surface":"haruspex","lemma":"haruspex","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"reader of entrails"}]},{"number":499,"label":"499","id":"b8-l499","source":"fata canens, “O Maeoniae delecta iuventus,","translation":"singing the fates: “O chosen young men of Maeonia,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l499.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"fata","lemma":"fatum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"fates"},{"surface":"canens","lemma":"cano","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"singing"},{"surface":"O","lemma":"o","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation","gloss":"O"},{"surface":"Maeoniae","lemma":"maeonius","morphology":"adjective, vocative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Maeonian"},{"surface":"delecta","lemma":"deligo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive vocative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"chosen"},{"surface":"iuventus","lemma":"iuuentus","morphology":"noun, vocative singular feminine","role":"address","gloss":"young men"}]},{"number":500,"label":"500","id":"b8-l500","source":"flos veterum virtusque virum, quos iustus in hostem","translation":"flower and courage of the men of old, whom a just grief","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l500.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"flos","lemma":"flos","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"flower"},{"surface":"veterum","lemma":"uetus","morphology":"adjective, genitive plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of old"},{"surface":"virtusque","lemma":"uirtus","morphology":"noun, vocative singular feminine","role":"address","gloss":"courage"},{"surface":"virum","lemma":"uir","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"quos","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"whom"},{"surface":"iustus","lemma":"iustus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"hostem","lemma":"hostis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"enemy"}]},{"number":501,"label":"501","id":"b8-l501","source":"fert dolor et merita accendit Mezentius ira,","translation":"carries against the enemy, and Mezentius fires with anger he has earned,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l501.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"fert","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"carries"},{"surface":"dolor","lemma":"dolor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"grief"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"merita","lemma":"mereor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"earned"},{"surface":"accendit","lemma":"accendo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"fires"},{"surface":"Mezentius","lemma":"mezentius","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Mezentius"},{"surface":"ira","lemma":"ira","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"anger"}]},{"number":502,"label":"502","id":"b8-l502","source":"nulli fas Italo tantam subiungere gentem:","translation":"it is lawful for no Italian to put so great a nation under him:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l502.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"nulli","lemma":"nullus","morphology":"adjective, dative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"fas","lemma":"fas","morphology":"noun, indeclinable","role":"predicate","gloss":"lawful"},{"surface":"Italo","lemma":"italus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"Italian"},{"surface":"tantam","lemma":"tantus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"so great"},{"surface":"subiungere","lemma":"subiungo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to put under him"},{"surface":"gentem","lemma":"gens","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"nation"}]},{"number":503,"label":"503","id":"b8-l503","source":"externos optate duces; tum Etrusca resedit”","translation":"choose foreign leaders.” Then the Etruscan battle line settled","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l503.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"externos","lemma":"externus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"foreign"},{"surface":"optate","lemma":"opto","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"choose"},{"surface":"duces","lemma":"dux","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"leaders"},{"surface":"tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"Etrusca","lemma":"etruscus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Etruscan"},{"surface":"resedit","lemma":"resideo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"settled"}]},{"number":504,"label":"504","id":"b8-l504","source":"hoc acies campo, monitis exterrita divom.","translation":"on this plain, in terror at the warnings of the gods.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l504.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"hoc","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"acies","lemma":"acies","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"battle line"},{"surface":"campo","lemma":"campus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"place","gloss":"on plain"},{"surface":"monitis","lemma":"monitum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"at the warnings"},{"surface":"exterrita","lemma":"exterreo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"in terror"},{"surface":"divom","lemma":"diuus","morphology":"adjective, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the gods"}]},{"number":505,"label":"505","id":"b8-l505","source":"Ipse oratores ad me regnique coronam","translation":"Tarchon himself has sent spokesmen to me, and the crown","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l505.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ipse","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"oratores","lemma":"orator","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"spokesmen"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"regnique","lemma":"regnum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"kingdom"},{"surface":"coronam","lemma":"corona","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"crown"}]},{"number":506,"label":"506","id":"b8-l506","source":"cum sceptro misit mandatque insignia Tarchon,","translation":"of the kingdom with the scepter, and hands over the emblems,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l506.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sceptro","lemma":"sceptrum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"scepter"},{"surface":"misit","lemma":"mitto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"sent"},{"surface":"mandatque","lemma":"mando","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"hands over"},{"surface":"insignia","lemma":"insigne","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"mark, emblem"},{"surface":"Tarchon","lemma":"tarchon","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Tarchon"}]},{"number":507,"label":"507","id":"b8-l507","source":"succedam castris Tyrrhenaque regna capessam.","translation":"that I should come into the camp and take the Tyrrhenian realm.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l507.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"succedam","lemma":"succedo","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"I should come into"},{"surface":"castris","lemma":"castra","morphology":"noun, dative plural neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"camps"},{"surface":"Tyrrhenaque","lemma":"tyrrhenus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"Tyrrhenian"},{"surface":"regna","lemma":"regnum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"realm"},{"surface":"capessam","lemma":"capesso","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"I should take"}]},{"number":508,"label":"508","id":"b8-l508","source":"Sed mihi tarda gelu saeclisque effeta senectus","translation":"But old age, slow with cold and worn out by its long years,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l508.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sed","lemma":"sed","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"mihi","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"tarda","lemma":"tardus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"slow"},{"surface":"gelu","lemma":"gelu","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with cold"},{"surface":"saeclisque","lemma":"saeculum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"effeta","lemma":"effetus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"worn out"},{"surface":"senectus","lemma":"senectus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"old age"}]},{"number":509,"label":"509","id":"b8-l509","source":"invidet imperium seraeque ad fortia vires.","translation":"grudges me the command, and my strength has come too late for bravery.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l509.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"invidet","lemma":"inuideo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"grudges"},{"surface":"imperium","lemma":"imperium","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"command"},{"surface":"seraeque","lemma":"serus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"come too late"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"fortia","lemma":"fortis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"bravery"},{"surface":"vires","lemma":"uis","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"strength"}]},{"number":510,"label":"510","id":"b8-l510","source":"natum exhortarer, ni mixtus matre Sabella","translation":"I would urge my son to it, if he did not, with a Sabellian mother","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l510.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"natum","lemma":"natus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"son"},{"surface":"exhortarer","lemma":"exhortor","morphology":"verb, 1st singular imperfect subjunctive deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"would urge"},{"surface":"ni","lemma":"ni","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"if not"},{"surface":"mixtus","lemma":"misceo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"mixed"},{"surface":"matre","lemma":"mater","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"Sabella","lemma":"sabellus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Sabellian"}]},{"number":511,"label":"511","id":"b8-l511","source":"hinc partem patriae traheret. Tu, cuius et annis","translation":"mixed in him, draw half his country from this side. You, whom fate","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l511.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"hinc","lemma":"hinc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"from this side"},{"surface":"partem","lemma":"pars","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"half"},{"surface":"patriae","lemma":"patria","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of his country"},{"surface":"traheret","lemma":"traho","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"drew"},{"surface":"Tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular","role":"address","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"cuius","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"both"},{"surface":"annis","lemma":"annus","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"in years"}]},{"number":512,"label":"512","id":"b8-l512","source":"et generi fatum indulgent, quem numina poscunt,","translation":"indulges in your years and in your birth, whom the powers demand,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l512.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"generi","lemma":"genus","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"in birth"},{"surface":"fatum","lemma":"fatum","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"fate"},{"surface":"indulgent","lemma":"indulgeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"indulges"},{"surface":"quem","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"numina","lemma":"numen","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"powers"},{"surface":"poscunt","lemma":"posco","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"demand"}]},{"number":513,"label":"513","id":"b8-l513","source":"ingredere, o Teucrum atque Italum fortissime ductor.","translation":"go in, bravest leader of Teucrians and of Italians.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l513.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ingredere","lemma":"ingredior","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative deponent","role":"command","gloss":"go in"},{"surface":"o","lemma":"o","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation","gloss":"oh"},{"surface":"Teucrum","lemma":"teucer","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of Teucrians"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Italum","lemma":"italus","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Italians"},{"surface":"fortissime","lemma":"fortis","morphology":"adjective, vocative singular masculine, superlative","role":"modifier","gloss":"bravest"},{"surface":"ductor","lemma":"ductor","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"leader"}]},{"number":514,"label":"514","id":"b8-l514","source":"hunc tibi praeterea, spes et solacia nostri,","translation":"Besides, I will attach to you this boy, our hope and our comfort,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l514.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"hunc","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"tibi","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"praeterea","lemma":"praeterea","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"besides"},{"surface":"spes","lemma":"spes","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"apposition","gloss":"hope"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"solacia","lemma":"solacium","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"apposition","gloss":"comfort"},{"surface":"nostri","lemma":"nos","morphology":"pronoun, genitive plural","role":"possessive","gloss":"our"}]},{"number":515,"label":"515","id":"b8-l515","source":"Pallanta adiungam; sub te tolerare magistro","translation":"Pallas; let him grow used, with you for his master, to bearing","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l515.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pallanta","lemma":"pallas","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Pallas"},{"surface":"adiungam","lemma":"adiungo","morphology":"verb, 1st singular future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"I will attach"},{"surface":"sub","lemma":"sub","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"tolerare","lemma":"tolero","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to bear"},{"surface":"magistro","lemma":"magister","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"as master"}]},{"number":516,"label":"516","id":"b8-l516","source":"militiam et grave Martis opus, tua cernere facta","translation":"soldiering and the heavy work of Mars, to watching what you do,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l516.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"militiam","lemma":"militia","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"soldiering"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"grave","lemma":"grauis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"heavy"},{"surface":"Martis","lemma":"mars","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Mars"},{"surface":"opus","lemma":"opus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"work"},{"surface":"tua","lemma":"tuus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"cernere","lemma":"cerno","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to watch"},{"surface":"facta","lemma":"factum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"deeds"}]},{"number":517,"label":"517","id":"b8-l517","source":"adsuescat primis et te miretur ab annis.","translation":"and to looking up to you from his earliest years.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l517.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"adsuescat","lemma":"assuesco","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"grow accustomed"},{"surface":"primis","lemma":"primus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"earliest"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"miretur","lemma":"miror","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"look up to"},{"surface":"ab","lemma":"ab","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"annis","lemma":"annus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"years"}]},{"number":518,"label":"518","id":"b8-l518","source":"Arcadas huic equites bis centum, robora pubis","translation":"I will give him two hundred Arcadian horsemen, the chosen strength","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l518.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Arcadas","lemma":"arcas","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Arcadians"},{"surface":"huic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"equites","lemma":"eques","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"horsemen"},{"surface":"bis","lemma":"bis","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"twice"},{"surface":"centum","lemma":"centum","morphology":"numeral","role":"modifier","gloss":"one hundred"},{"surface":"robora","lemma":"robur","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"apposition","gloss":"strength"},{"surface":"pubis","lemma":"pubes","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"young men"}]},{"number":519,"label":"519","id":"b8-l519","source":"lecta dabo totidemque suo tibi nomine Pallas.”","translation":"of our young men, and Pallas as many more in his own name.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l519.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"lecta","lemma":"lego","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"chosen"},{"surface":"dabo","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 1st singular future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"will give"},{"surface":"totidemque","lemma":"totidem","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"as many"},{"surface":"suo","lemma":"suus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"his own"},{"surface":"tibi","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"nomine","lemma":"nomen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"name"},{"surface":"Pallas","lemma":"pallas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Pallas"}]},{"number":520,"label":"520","id":"b8-l520","source":"Vix ea fatus erat, defixique ora tenebant","translation":"He had scarcely spoken, and they were holding their faces","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l520.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vix","lemma":"uix","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"scarcely"},{"surface":"ea","lemma":"is","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"these things"},{"surface":"fatus","lemma":"for","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"having spoken"},{"surface":"erat","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"defixique","lemma":"defigo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"fixed"},{"surface":"ora","lemma":"os","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"faces"},{"surface":"tenebant","lemma":"teneo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"were holding"}]},{"number":521,"label":"521","id":"b8-l521","source":"Aeneas Anchisiades et fidus Achates","translation":"fixed on the ground, Aeneas son of Anchises and faithful Achates,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l521.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Aeneas","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Aeneas"},{"surface":"Anchisiades","lemma":"anchisiades","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"son of Anchises"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fidus","lemma":"fidus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"faithful"},{"surface":"Achates","lemma":"achates","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Achates"}]},{"number":522,"label":"522","id":"b8-l522","source":"multaque dura suo tristi cum corde putabant,","translation":"and turning many hard things over in their grieving hearts,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l522.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"multaque","lemma":"multus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"many things"},{"surface":"dura","lemma":"durus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"hard"},{"surface":"suo","lemma":"suus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"tristi","lemma":"tristis","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"grieving"},{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"corde","lemma":"cor","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"heart"},{"surface":"putabant","lemma":"puto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"were turning over"}]},{"number":523,"label":"523","id":"b8-l523","source":"ni signum caelo Cytherea dedisset aperto.","translation":"had the Cytherean not given a sign in the open sky.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l523.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ni","lemma":"ni","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"if not"},{"surface":"signum","lemma":"signum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"sign"},{"surface":"caelo","lemma":"caelum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"place","gloss":"sky"},{"surface":"Cytherea","lemma":"cytherea","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Cytherean"},{"surface":"dedisset","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"had given"},{"surface":"aperto","lemma":"apertus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"open"}]},{"number":524,"label":"524","id":"b8-l524","source":"Namque inproviso vibratus ab aethere fulgor","translation":"For without warning a flash came quivering out of the upper air","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l524.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Namque","lemma":"namque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"for indeed"},{"surface":"inproviso","lemma":"improuisus","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"unexpectedly"},{"surface":"vibratus","lemma":"uibro","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"quivering"},{"surface":"ab","lemma":"ab","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"aethere","lemma":"aether","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"upper air"},{"surface":"fulgor","lemma":"fulgor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"flash"}]},{"number":525,"label":"525","id":"b8-l525","source":"cum sonitu venit, et ruere omnia visa repente","translation":"with a noise, and everything seemed suddenly to be falling in,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l525.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sonitu","lemma":"sonitus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"noise"},{"surface":"venit","lemma":"uenio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ruere","lemma":"ruo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to be falling"},{"surface":"omnia","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"visa","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural neuter","role":"predicate","gloss":"seemed"},{"surface":"repente","lemma":"repente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"suddenly"}]},{"number":526,"label":"526","id":"b8-l526","source":"Tyrrhenusque tubae mugire per aethera clangor.","translation":"and the Tyrrhenian blare of a trumpet to bellow through the sky.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l526.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Tyrrhenusque tubae ... clangor","title":"An instrument's national origin","body":"Tyrrhenus means 'Etruscan', modifying clangor, 'blare', since Romans credited the Etruscans with inventing the war trumpet, tuba. The sky sounds a specifically Etruscan alarm here, over an army Aeneas is about to be given command of."}],"words":[{"surface":"Tyrrhenusque","lemma":"tyrrhenus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Tyrrhenian"},{"surface":"tubae","lemma":"tuba","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"trumpet"},{"surface":"mugire","lemma":"mugio","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to bellow"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"aethera","lemma":"aether","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"upper air"},{"surface":"clangor","lemma":"clangor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"blare"}]},{"number":527,"label":"527","id":"b8-l527","source":"Suspiciunt, iterum atque iterum fragor increpat ingens:","translation":"They look up; again and again the huge crash rattles out:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l527.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Suspiciunt","lemma":"suspicio","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"look up"},{"surface":"iterum","lemma":"iterum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"iterum","lemma":"iterum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"fragor","lemma":"fragor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"crash"},{"surface":"increpat","lemma":"increpo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"rattles out"},{"surface":"ingens","lemma":"ingens","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"huge"}]},{"number":528,"label":"528","id":"b8-l528","source":"arma inter nubem caeli regione serena","translation":"they see arms in a cloud, in a clear quarter of the heavens,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l528.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"arma","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"arms"},{"surface":"inter","lemma":"inter","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"nubem","lemma":"nubes","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"cloud"},{"surface":"caeli","lemma":"caelum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the heavens"},{"surface":"regione","lemma":"regio","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in a quarter"},{"surface":"serena","lemma":"serenus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"clear"}]},{"number":529,"label":"529","id":"b8-l529","source":"per sudum rutilare vident et pulsa tonare.","translation":"glowing red through the bright air, and thundering when struck.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l529.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"sudum","lemma":"sudus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"bright air"},{"surface":"rutilare","lemma":"rutilo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"glowing red"},{"surface":"vident","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"pulsa","lemma":"pello","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"struck"},{"surface":"tonare","lemma":"tono","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to thunder"}]},{"number":530,"label":"530","id":"b8-l530","source":"Obstipuere animis alii, sed Troius heros","translation":"The rest stood amazed in their hearts, but the Trojan hero","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l530.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Obstipuere","lemma":"obstipesco","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"stood amazed"},{"surface":"animis","lemma":"animus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"hearts"},{"surface":"alii","lemma":"alius","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"the rest"},{"surface":"sed","lemma":"sed","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Troius","lemma":"troius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Trojan"},{"surface":"heros","lemma":"heros","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"hero"}]},{"number":531,"label":"531","id":"b8-l531","source":"agnovit sonitum et divae promissa parentis.","translation":"knew the sound, and his goddess mother's promises.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l531.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"agnovit","lemma":"agnosco","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"sonitum","lemma":"sonitus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"sound"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"divae","lemma":"diua","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"goddess"},{"surface":"promissa","lemma":"promissum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"promises"},{"surface":"parentis","lemma":"parens","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"mother"}]},{"number":532,"label":"532","id":"b8-l532","source":"Tum memorat: “Ne vero, hospes, ne quaere profecto,","translation":"Then he says: “Do not ask, my host, do not ask at all","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l532.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"memorat","lemma":"memoro","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"says"},{"surface":"Ne","lemma":"ne","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"do not"},{"surface":"vero","lemma":"uero","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"hospes","lemma":"hospes","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"host"},{"surface":"ne","lemma":"ne","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"do not"},{"surface":"quaere","lemma":"quaero","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"ask"},{"surface":"profecto","lemma":"profecto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at all"}]},{"number":533,"label":"533","id":"b8-l533","source":"quem casum portenta ferant: ego poscor Olympo.","translation":"what these portents carry with them: I am the one Olympus is calling for.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l533.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ego poscor Olympo","title":"A passive verb, bare ablative","body":"poscor is passive, 'I am demanded', with Olympo as a bare ablative naming the source of the demand rather than a phrase built with 'by'. Aeneas answers a question about the omens by stating plainly, for once, that the summons is his own."}],"words":[{"surface":"quem","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"casum","lemma":"casus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"outcome"},{"surface":"portenta","lemma":"portentum","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"portents"},{"surface":"ferant","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"carry"},{"surface":"ego","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular","role":"subject","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"poscor","lemma":"posco","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"am called for"},{"surface":"Olympo","lemma":"olympus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"Olympus"}]},{"number":534,"label":"534","id":"b8-l534","source":"Hoc signum cecinit missuram diva creatrix,","translation":"My divine mother foretold she would send this sign,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l534.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hoc","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"signum","lemma":"signum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"sign"},{"surface":"cecinit","lemma":"cano","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"foretold"},{"surface":"missuram","lemma":"mitto","morphology":"participle, future active accusative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"about to send"},{"surface":"diva","lemma":"diua","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"goddess"},{"surface":"creatrix","lemma":"creatrix","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"apposition","gloss":"mother"}]},{"number":535,"label":"535","id":"b8-l535","source":"si bellum ingrueret, Volcaniaque arma per auras","translation":"if war came on, and would carry arms made by Vulcan through the air","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l535.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"bellum","lemma":"bellum","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"war"},{"surface":"ingrueret","lemma":"ingruo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"came on"},{"surface":"Volcaniaque","lemma":"uolcanius","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"Vulcan's","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"arma","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"arms"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"auras","lemma":"aura","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"air"}]},{"number":536,"label":"536","id":"b8-l536","source":"laturam auxilio.","translation":"to my help.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l536.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"laturam auxilio.","title":"Cut off mid-explanation","body":"The line breaks off mid-explanation, and the next line begins a new sentence entirely rather than finishing this one. We leave the fragment short, matching the incomplete verse Vergil left in the manuscript."}],"words":[{"surface":"laturam","lemma":"fero","morphology":"participle, future active accusative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"would carry"},{"surface":"auxilio","lemma":"auxilium","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"help"}]},{"number":537,"label":"537","id":"b8-l537","source":"Heu quantae miseris caedes Laurentibus instant;","translation":"Ah, what slaughter stands over the wretched Laurentians!","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l537.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Heu","lemma":"heu","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation","gloss":"ah"},{"surface":"quantae","lemma":"quantus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"how great"},{"surface":"miseris","lemma":"miser","morphology":"adjective, dative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"wretched"},{"surface":"caedes","lemma":"caedes","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"slaughter"},{"surface":"Laurentibus","lemma":"laurens","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"Laurentians"},{"surface":"instant","lemma":"insto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"stand over"}]},{"number":538,"label":"538","id":"b8-l538","source":"quas poenas mihi, Turne, dabis; quam multa sub undas","translation":"What penalties you will pay me, Turnus! How many, under your waves,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l538.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quas","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"poenas","lemma":"poena","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"penalties"},{"surface":"mihi","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"Turne","lemma":"turnus","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"Turnus"},{"surface":"dabis","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"will pay"},{"surface":"quam","lemma":"quam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"multa","lemma":"multus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"many things"},{"surface":"sub","lemma":"sub","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"undas","lemma":"unda","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"waves"}]},{"number":539,"label":"539","id":"b8-l539","source":"scuta virum galeasque et fortia corpora volves,","translation":"shields of men, and helmets, and strong bodies you will roll,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l539.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"scuta","lemma":"scutum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"shields"},{"surface":"virum","lemma":"uir","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of men"},{"surface":"galeasque","lemma":"galea","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"helmets"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fortia","lemma":"fortis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"strong"},{"surface":"corpora","lemma":"corpus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"bodies"},{"surface":"volves","lemma":"uoluo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"will roll"}]},{"number":540,"label":"540","id":"b8-l540","source":"Thybri pater! Poscant acies et foedera rumpant.”","translation":"father Tiber! Let them call up their lines and break their treaties.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l540.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Thybri","lemma":"tiberis","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"Tiber"},{"surface":"pater","lemma":"pater","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"Poscant","lemma":"posco","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present subjunctive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"call up"},{"surface":"acies","lemma":"acies","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"battle lines"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"foedera","lemma":"foedus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"treaties"},{"surface":"rumpant","lemma":"rumpo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present subjunctive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"break"}]},{"number":541,"label":"541","id":"b8-l541","source":"Haec ubi dicta dedit, solio se tollit ab alto","translation":"When he had given these words, he lifts himself from the high seat","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l541.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Haec","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"ubi","lemma":"ubi","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"dicta","lemma":"dictum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"dedit","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"had given"},{"surface":"solio","lemma":"solium","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"from the seat"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"tollit","lemma":"tollo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"lifts"},{"surface":"ab","lemma":"ab","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"alto","lemma":"altus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"high"}]},{"number":542,"label":"542","id":"b8-l542","source":"et primum Herculeis sopitas ignibus aras","translation":"and first wakes the altars banked with the fires of Hercules,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l542.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"primum","lemma":"primum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"Herculeis","lemma":"herculeus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of Hercules"},{"surface":"sopitas","lemma":"sopio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"banked"},{"surface":"ignibus","lemma":"ignis","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"fires"},{"surface":"aras","lemma":"ara","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"altars"}]},{"number":543,"label":"543","id":"b8-l543","source":"excitat hesternumque larem parvosque penatis","translation":"and comes gladly to yesterday's household spirit and the small","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l543.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"excitat","lemma":"excito","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"wakes"},{"surface":"hesternumque","lemma":"hesternus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of yesterday"},{"surface":"larem","lemma":"lar","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"household spirit"},{"surface":"parvosque","lemma":"paruus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"penatis","lemma":"penates","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"household gods"}]},{"number":544,"label":"544","id":"b8-l544","source":"laetus adit: mactant lectas de more bidentis","translation":"household gods: they kill chosen yearling sheep by the custom,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l544.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"bidentis","title":"A sheep named for its age","body":"bidentis is the accusative plural of bidens, the standard sacrificial sheep, named for the two teeth that marked its age. It is technical language out of Roman religious law, the word used wherever a rite is performed by the correct rule."}],"words":[{"surface":"laetus","lemma":"laetus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"glad"},{"surface":"adit","lemma":"adeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"comes to"},{"surface":"mactant","lemma":"macto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"kill"},{"surface":"lectas","lemma":"lego","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"chosen"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"more","lemma":"mos","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"custom"},{"surface":"bidentis","lemma":"bidens","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"sheep"}]},{"number":545,"label":"545","id":"b8-l545","source":"Euandrus pariter, pariter Troiana iuventus.","translation":"Evander alike, and alike the Trojan young men.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l545.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Euandrus","lemma":"euander","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Evander"},{"surface":"pariter","lemma":"pariter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"alike"},{"surface":"pariter","lemma":"pariter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"alike"},{"surface":"Troiana","lemma":"troianus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Trojan"},{"surface":"iuventus","lemma":"iuuentus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"young men"}]},{"number":546,"label":"546","id":"b8-l546","source":"Post hinc ad navis graditur sociosque revisit.","translation":"After that he goes down to the ships and sees his companions again.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l546.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Post","lemma":"post","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"hinc","lemma":"hinc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"from here"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"navis","lemma":"nauis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"ships"},{"surface":"graditur","lemma":"gradior","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"goes down"},{"surface":"sociosque","lemma":"socius","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"companions","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"revisit","lemma":"reuiso","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"sees again"}]},{"number":547,"label":"547","id":"b8-l547","source":"Quorum de numero qui sese in bella sequantur","translation":"Out of their number he chooses the men outstanding in courage","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l547.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Quorum","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"numero","lemma":"numerus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"number"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"those who"},{"surface":"sese","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural","role":"object","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"bella","lemma":"bellum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"wars"},{"surface":"sequantur","lemma":"sequor","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present subjunctive deponent","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"follow"}]},{"number":548,"label":"548","id":"b8-l548","source":"praestantis virtute legit; pars cetera prona","translation":"to follow him into the war; the rest are carried down","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l548.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"praestantis","lemma":"praesto","morphology":"participle, present active accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"outstanding"},{"surface":"virtute","lemma":"uirtus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"courage"},{"surface":"legit","lemma":"lego","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"chooses"},{"surface":"pars","lemma":"pars","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"rest"},{"surface":"cetera","lemma":"ceterus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"the rest"},{"surface":"prona","lemma":"pronus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"sloping"}]},{"number":549,"label":"549","id":"b8-l549","source":"fertur aqua segnisque secundo defluit amni,","translation":"the sloping water and drift slack with the current going with them,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l549.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"fertur","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"is carried"},{"surface":"aqua","lemma":"aqua","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by the water"},{"surface":"segnisque","lemma":"segnis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"slack"},{"surface":"secundo","lemma":"secundus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"with the current"},{"surface":"defluit","lemma":"defluo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"drifts down"},{"surface":"amni","lemma":"amnis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"current"}]},{"number":550,"label":"550","id":"b8-l550","source":"nuntia ventura Ascanio rerumque patrisque.","translation":"to come as news to Ascanius of his father and of how things stand.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l550.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"nuntia","lemma":"nuntius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"announcing, bringing word"},{"surface":"ventura","lemma":"uenio","morphology":"participle, future active nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"to come"},{"surface":"Ascanio","lemma":"ascanius","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to Ascanius"},{"surface":"rerumque","lemma":"res","morphology":"noun, genitive plural feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"things"},{"surface":"patrisque","lemma":"pater","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"father"}]},{"number":551,"label":"551","id":"b8-l551","source":"Dantur equi Teucris Tyrrhena petentibus arva;","translation":"Horses are given to the Teucrians as they make for the Tyrrhenian fields;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l551.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dantur","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"are given"},{"surface":"equi","lemma":"equus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"horses"},{"surface":"Teucris","lemma":"teucer","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to the Teucrians"},{"surface":"Tyrrhena","lemma":"tyrrhenus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"Tyrrhenian"},{"surface":"petentibus","lemma":"peto","morphology":"participle, present active dative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"making for"},{"surface":"arva","lemma":"aruum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"fields"}]},{"number":552,"label":"552","id":"b8-l552","source":"ducunt exsortem Aeneae, quem fulva leonis","translation":"they lead out a horse set apart for Aeneas, covered all over","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l552.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ducunt","lemma":"duco","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"lead"},{"surface":"exsortem","lemma":"exsors","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"set apart"},{"surface":"Aeneae","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"Aeneas"},{"surface":"quem","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"fulva","lemma":"fuluus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"tawny"},{"surface":"leonis","lemma":"leo","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"lion"}]},{"number":553,"label":"553","id":"b8-l553","source":"pellis obit totum, praefulgens unguibus aureis.","translation":"with a tawny lion skin that blazes with its gilded claws.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l553.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"pellis","lemma":"pellis","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"skin"},{"surface":"obit","lemma":"obeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"covers"},{"surface":"totum","lemma":"totus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"all over"},{"surface":"praefulgens","lemma":"praefulgeo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"blazing"},{"surface":"unguibus","lemma":"unguis","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with claws"},{"surface":"aureis","lemma":"aureus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"gilded"}]},{"number":554,"label":"554","id":"b8-l554","source":"Fama volat parvam subito volgata per urbem,","translation":"Rumor flies, spread all at once through the small city,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l554.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Fama","lemma":"fama","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"rumor"},{"surface":"volat","lemma":"uolo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"flies"},{"surface":"parvam","lemma":"paruus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"subito","lemma":"subito","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"all at once"},{"surface":"volgata","lemma":"uulgo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"spread"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"urbem","lemma":"urbs","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"city"}]},{"number":555,"label":"555","id":"b8-l555","source":"ocius ire equites Tyrrheni ad litora regis.","translation":"that horsemen are going in haste to the shores of the Tyrrhenian king.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l555.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ocius","lemma":"ocior","morphology":"adverb, comparative","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"in haste"},{"surface":"ire","lemma":"eo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to go"},{"surface":"equites","lemma":"eques","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"horsemen"},{"surface":"Tyrrheni","lemma":"tyrrhenus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Tyrrhenian"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"litora","lemma":"litus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"shores"},{"surface":"regis","lemma":"rex","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"king"}]},{"number":556,"label":"556","id":"b8-l556","source":"vota metu duplicant matres, propiusque periclo","translation":"Mothers double their vows in fear, and dread comes closer","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l556.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"vota","lemma":"uotum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"vows"},{"surface":"metu","lemma":"metus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"fear"},{"surface":"duplicant","lemma":"duplico","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"double"},{"surface":"matres","lemma":"mater","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"mothers"},{"surface":"propiusque","lemma":"propius","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"near, nearly","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"periclo","lemma":"periculum","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"danger"}]},{"number":557,"label":"557","id":"b8-l557","source":"it timor, et maior Martis iam apparet imago.","translation":"to the danger, and the face of war looms larger now.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l557.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"maior Martis iam apparet imago","title":"A picture, not the thing","body":"imago means 'likeness' or 'apparition', the picture of a thing rather than the thing itself. War is still nowhere near this town, so what has grown larger, maior, is the image of it in the minds of those on the walls."}],"words":[{"surface":"it","lemma":"eo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"comes"},{"surface":"timor","lemma":"timor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"dread"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"maior","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine, comparative","role":"predicate","gloss":"larger"},{"surface":"Martis","lemma":"mars","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of war"},{"surface":"iam","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"apparet","lemma":"appareo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"looms"},{"surface":"imago","lemma":"imago","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"face"}]},{"number":558,"label":"558","id":"b8-l558","source":"tum pater Evandrus dextram complexus euntis","translation":"Then father Evander, clasping the right hand of the one who is going,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l558.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"pater","lemma":"pater","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"Evandrus","lemma":"euander","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Evander"},{"surface":"dextram","lemma":"dextera","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"right hand"},{"surface":"complexus","lemma":"complector","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"clasping"},{"surface":"euntis","lemma":"eo","morphology":"participle, present active genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the one who is going"}]},{"number":559,"label":"559","id":"b8-l559","source":"haeret inexpletus lacrimans, ac talia fatur:","translation":"clings to it and weeps and cannot be filled, and speaks so:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l559.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"haeret","lemma":"haereo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"clings"},{"surface":"inexpletus","lemma":"inexpletus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"cannot be filled"},{"surface":"lacrimans","lemma":"lacrimo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"weeping"},{"surface":"ac","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"talia","lemma":"talis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"such things"},{"surface":"fatur","lemma":"for","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"speaks"}]},{"number":560,"label":"560","id":"b8-l560","source":"“O mihi praeteritos referat si Iuppiter annos,","translation":"“O if Jupiter would give me back the years that are gone,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l560.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"O","lemma":"o","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation","gloss":"oh"},{"surface":"mihi","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"praeteritos","lemma":"praetereo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"gone by"},{"surface":"referat","lemma":"refero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"would give back"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"Iuppiter","lemma":"iuppiter","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Jupiter"},{"surface":"annos","lemma":"annus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"years"}]},{"number":561,"label":"561","id":"b8-l561","source":"(qualis eram, cum primam aciem Praeneste sub ipsa","translation":"as I was when, under Praeneste itself, I laid their front line","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l561.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"qualis","lemma":"qualis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"eram","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 1st singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"primam","lemma":"primus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"front"},{"surface":"aciem","lemma":"acies","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"battle line"},{"surface":"Praeneste","lemma":"praeneste","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"Praeneste"},{"surface":"sub","lemma":"sub","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"ipsa","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"itself"}]},{"number":562,"label":"562","id":"b8-l562","source":"stravi scutorumque incendi victor acervos","translation":"low and burned heaps of shields in my victory","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l562.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"stravi","lemma":"sterno","morphology":"verb, 1st singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"laid low"},{"surface":"scutorumque","lemma":"scutum","morphology":"noun, genitive plural neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"shields"},{"surface":"incendi","lemma":"incendo","morphology":"verb, 1st singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"burned"},{"surface":"victor","lemma":"uictor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"in my victory"},{"surface":"acervos","lemma":"aceruus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"heaps"}]},{"number":563,"label":"563","id":"b8-l563","source":"et regem hac Erulum dextra sub Tartara misi,","translation":"and sent king Erulus down to Tartarus with this right hand,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l563.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"regem","lemma":"rex","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"king"},{"surface":"hac","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Erulum","lemma":"erulus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Erulus"},{"surface":"dextra","lemma":"dextera","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"right hand"},{"surface":"sub","lemma":"sub","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"down to"},{"surface":"Tartara","lemma":"tartarus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"Tartara"},{"surface":"misi","lemma":"mitto","morphology":"verb, 1st singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"sent"}]},{"number":564,"label":"564","id":"b8-l564","source":"nascenti cui tris animas Feronia mater","translation":"and to him at his birth his mother Feronia had given","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l564.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"nascenti","lemma":"nascor","morphology":"participle, present active dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"at his birth"},{"surface":"cui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"tris","lemma":"tres","morphology":"numeral, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"animas","lemma":"anima","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"lives"},{"surface":"Feronia","lemma":"feronia","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Feronia"},{"surface":"mater","lemma":"mater","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"apposition","gloss":"mother"}]},{"number":565,"label":"565","id":"b8-l565","source":"(horrendum dictu) dederat; terna arma movenda,","translation":"three lives, a horror to tell, three sets of arms to be wielded;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l565.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"horrendum","lemma":"horreo","morphology":"gerundive, accusative singular neuter","role":"obligation","gloss":"a horror"},{"surface":"dictu","lemma":"dico","morphology":"supine, ablative","role":"purpose","gloss":"to tell"},{"surface":"dederat","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"had given"},{"surface":"terna","lemma":"terni","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"three each, three at a time"},{"surface":"arma","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"arms"},{"surface":"movenda","lemma":"moueo","morphology":"gerundive, accusative plural neuter","role":"obligation","gloss":"to be wielded"}]},{"number":566,"label":"566","id":"b8-l566","source":"ter Leto sternendus erat; cui tunc tamen omnis","translation":"three times he had to be laid low in death; and yet this hand","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l566.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ter","lemma":"ter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"three times"},{"surface":"Leto","lemma":"letum","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"death"},{"surface":"sternendus","lemma":"sterno","morphology":"gerundive, nominative singular masculine","role":"obligation","gloss":"to be laid low"},{"surface":"erat","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"had to be"},{"surface":"cui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"tunc","lemma":"tunc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"tamen","lemma":"tamen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"omnis","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"all"}]},{"number":567,"label":"567","id":"b8-l567","source":"abstulit haec animas dextra et totidem exuit armis:","translation":"took all his lives that day and stripped him of as many arms:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l567.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"abstulit","lemma":"aufero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"took"},{"surface":"haec","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"animas","lemma":"anima","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"lives"},{"surface":"dextra","lemma":"dextera","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"right hand"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"totidem","lemma":"totidem","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"as many"},{"surface":"exuit","lemma":"exuo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"stripped"},{"surface":"armis","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"of arms"}]},{"number":568,"label":"568","id":"b8-l568","source":"non ego nunc dulci amplexu divellerer usquam,","translation":"then I would not now be torn from your sweet embrace,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l568.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"non ego nunc dulci amplexu divellerer","title":"The main clause arrives late","body":"This is the main clause of a wish opened nine lines earlier, 'if Jupiter would give me back my years'. Everything between is a parenthesis about his youth, and divellerer, 'I would be torn', arrives only once he gets through it."}],"words":[{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ego","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"nunc","lemma":"nunc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"dulci","lemma":"dulcis","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"sweet"},{"surface":"amplexu","lemma":"amplexus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"embrace"},{"surface":"divellerer","lemma":"diuello","morphology":"verb, 1st singular imperfect subjunctive passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"would be torn"},{"surface":"usquam","lemma":"usquam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"anywhere"}]},{"number":569,"label":"569","id":"b8-l569","source":"nate, tuo, neque finitimo Mezentius umquam","translation":"my son, nor would Mezentius, on our very border, ever have","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l569.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"nate","lemma":"natus","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"son"},{"surface":"tuo","lemma":"tuus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"neque","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"nor","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"finitimo","lemma":"finitimus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"on our border"},{"surface":"Mezentius","lemma":"mezentius","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Mezentius"},{"surface":"umquam","lemma":"umquam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"ever"}]},{"number":570,"label":"570","id":"b8-l570","source":"huic capiti insultans tot ferro saeva dedisset","translation":"insulted this head, and dealt so many savage deaths","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l570.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"huic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"capiti","lemma":"caput","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"insultans","lemma":"insulto","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"insulting"},{"surface":"tot","lemma":"tot","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"so many"},{"surface":"ferro","lemma":"ferrum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"sword"},{"surface":"saeva","lemma":"saeuus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"savage"},{"surface":"dedisset","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect subjunctive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"would have dealt"}]},{"number":571,"label":"571","id":"b8-l571","source":"funera, tam multis viduasset civibus urbem.","translation":"with the sword, and widowed the city of so many citizens.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l571.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"funera","lemma":"funus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"deaths"},{"surface":"tam","lemma":"tam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"multis","lemma":"multus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"viduasset","lemma":"uiduo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect subjunctive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"would have widowed"},{"surface":"civibus","lemma":"ciuis","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"fellow citizen"},{"surface":"urbem","lemma":"urbs","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"city"}]},{"number":572,"label":"572","id":"b8-l572","source":"At vos, o superi, et divom tu maxume rector","translation":"But you, gods above, and you, greatest ruler of the gods,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l572.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"At","lemma":"at","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, vocative plural masculine","role":"address","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"o","lemma":"o","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation","gloss":"oh"},{"surface":"superi","lemma":"superus","morphology":"noun, vocative plural masculine","role":"address","gloss":"gods above"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"divom","lemma":"diuus","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the gods"},{"surface":"tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, vocative singular","role":"address","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"maxume","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, vocative singular masculine, superlative","role":"address","gloss":"greatest"},{"surface":"rector","lemma":"rector","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"ruler"}]},{"number":573,"label":"573","id":"b8-l573","source":"Iuppiter, Arcadii, quaeso, miserescite regis","translation":"Jupiter, have pity, I beg, on an Arcadian king,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l573.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Iuppiter","lemma":"iuppiter","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"Jupiter"},{"surface":"Arcadii","lemma":"arcadius","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Arcadian"},{"surface":"quaeso","lemma":"quaeso","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"beg"},{"surface":"miserescite","lemma":"miseresco","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"have pity"},{"surface":"regis","lemma":"rex","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"on a king"}]},{"number":574,"label":"574","id":"b8-l574","source":"et patrias audite preces. Si numina vestra","translation":"and hear a father's prayers. If your powers, if the fates","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l574.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"patrias","lemma":"patrius","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"a father's"},{"surface":"audite","lemma":"audio","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"hear"},{"surface":"preces","lemma":"prex","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"prayers"},{"surface":"Si","lemma":"si","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"numina","lemma":"numen","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"powers"},{"surface":"vestra","lemma":"uester","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"your"}]},{"number":575,"label":"575","id":"b8-l575","source":"incolumem Pallanta mihi, si fata reservant,","translation":"are keeping my Pallas safe for me, if I shall live","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l575.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"incolumem","lemma":"incolumis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"safe"},{"surface":"Pallanta","lemma":"pallas","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Pallas"},{"surface":"mihi","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"fata","lemma":"fatum","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"fates"},{"surface":"reservant","lemma":"reseruo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"are keeping"}]},{"number":576,"label":"576","id":"b8-l576","source":"si visurus eum vivo et venturus in unum:","translation":"to see him and to come together with him again,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l576.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"visurus","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"participle, future active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"to see"},{"surface":"eum","lemma":"is","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"vivo","lemma":"uiuo","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"I shall live"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"venturus","lemma":"uenio","morphology":"participle, future active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"to come"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"together"},{"surface":"unum","lemma":"unus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"together"}]},{"number":577,"label":"577","id":"b8-l577","source":"vitam oro, patior quemvis durare laborem.","translation":"I pray for life: I can bear to hold out under any labor.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l577.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"vitam","lemma":"uita","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"oro","lemma":"oro","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"pray for"},{"surface":"patior","lemma":"patior","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"can bear"},{"surface":"quemvis","lemma":"quiuis","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"durare","lemma":"duro","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to hold out"},{"surface":"laborem","lemma":"labor","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"labor"}]},{"number":578,"label":"578","id":"b8-l578","source":"Sin aliquem infandum casum, Fortuna, minaris:","translation":"But if you threaten some unspeakable chance, Fortune,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l578.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but if"},{"surface":"aliquem","lemma":"aliquis","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"someone"},{"surface":"infandum","lemma":"infandus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"unspeakable"},{"surface":"casum","lemma":"casus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"chance"},{"surface":"Fortuna","lemma":"fortuna","morphology":"noun, vocative singular feminine","role":"address","gloss":"fortune"},{"surface":"minaris","lemma":"minor","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"threaten"}]},{"number":579,"label":"579","id":"b8-l579","source":"nunc O nunc liceat crudelem abrumpere vitam,","translation":"then now, O now, let me break off this cruel life,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l579.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"nunc O nunc liceat","title":"One word repeated for weight","body":"nunc, 'now', is repeated with the interjection O set between the two instances, throwing the whole weight of the line onto that word. liceat is subjunctive, 'let it be allowed', making the line a wish to die in this exact moment."}],"words":[{"surface":"nunc","lemma":"nunc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"O","lemma":"o","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation","gloss":"oh"},{"surface":"nunc","lemma":"nunc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"liceat","lemma":"licet","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"let it be allowed"},{"surface":"crudelem","lemma":"crudelis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"cruel"},{"surface":"abrumpere","lemma":"abrumpo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to break off"},{"surface":"vitam","lemma":"uita","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"life"}]},{"number":580,"label":"580","id":"b8-l580","source":"dum curae ambiguae, dum spes incerta futuri,","translation":"while my cares are still in doubt, while hope of the future is unsure,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l580.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"dum","lemma":"dum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"curae","lemma":"cura","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"cares"},{"surface":"ambiguae","lemma":"ambiguus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"in doubt"},{"surface":"dum","lemma":"dum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"spes","lemma":"spes","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"hope"},{"surface":"incerta","lemma":"incertus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"unsure"},{"surface":"futuri","lemma":"futurum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"the future"}]},{"number":581,"label":"581","id":"b8-l581","source":"dum te, care puer, mea sera et sola voluptas,","translation":"while I hold you, dear boy, my late and only delight,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l581.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"dum","lemma":"dum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"care","lemma":"carus","morphology":"adjective, vocative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"dear"},{"surface":"puer","lemma":"puer","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"mea","lemma":"meus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"sera","lemma":"serus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"late"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sola","lemma":"solus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"voluptas","lemma":"uoluptas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"apposition","gloss":"delight"}]},{"number":582,"label":"582","id":"b8-l582","source":"complexu teneo, gravior neu nuntius auris","translation":"in my arms, and before a heavier message wounds","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l582.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"complexu","lemma":"complexus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in my arms"},{"surface":"teneo","lemma":"teneo","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"hold"},{"surface":"gravior","lemma":"grauis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine, comparative","role":"predicate","gloss":"heavier"},{"surface":"neu","lemma":"neu","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and lest"},{"surface":"nuntius","lemma":"nuntius","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"message"},{"surface":"auris","lemma":"auris","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"ears"}]},{"number":583,"label":"583","id":"b8-l583","source":"volneret.” Haec genitor digressu dicta supremo","translation":"my ears.” The father was pouring out these words at the last","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l583.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"volneret","lemma":"uulnero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"wounds"},{"surface":"Haec","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"genitor","lemma":"genitor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"digressu","lemma":"digressus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"at parting"},{"surface":"dicta","lemma":"dico","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"supremo","lemma":"supremus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"last"}]},{"number":584,"label":"584","id":"b8-l584","source":"fundebat: famuli conlapsum in tecta ferebant.","translation":"parting: his servants carried him, fallen, into the house.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l584.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"fundebat","lemma":"fundo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was pouring out"},{"surface":"famuli","lemma":"famulus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"servants"},{"surface":"conlapsum","lemma":"collabor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"fallen"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"tecta","lemma":"tectum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"ferebant","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"carried"}]},{"number":585,"label":"585","id":"b8-l585","source":"Iamque adeo exierat portis equitatus apertis,","translation":"And by now the cavalry had gone out through the opened gates,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l585.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Iamque","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"adeo","lemma":"adeo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"exierat","lemma":"exeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"had gone out"},{"surface":"portis","lemma":"porta","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"through gates"},{"surface":"equitatus","lemma":"equitatus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"cavalry"},{"surface":"apertis","lemma":"aperio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"opened"}]},{"number":586,"label":"586","id":"b8-l586","source":"Aeneas inter primos et fidus Achates,","translation":"Aeneas among the first, and faithful Achates,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l586.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Aeneas","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Aeneas"},{"surface":"inter","lemma":"inter","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"primos","lemma":"primus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fidus","lemma":"fidus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"faithful"},{"surface":"Achates","lemma":"achates","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Achates"}]},{"number":587,"label":"587","id":"b8-l587","source":"inde alii Troiae proceres, ipse agmine Pallas","translation":"then the other chiefs of Troy; Pallas himself in the middle","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l587.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"inde","lemma":"inde","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"alii","lemma":"alius","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"Troiae","lemma":"troia","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Troy"},{"surface":"proceres","lemma":"procer","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"chiefs"},{"surface":"ipse","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"agmine","lemma":"agmen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in the column"},{"surface":"Pallas","lemma":"pallas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Pallas"}]},{"number":588,"label":"588","id":"b8-l588","source":"in medio chlamyde et pictis conspectus in armis:","translation":"of the column, marked out by his cloak and his painted armor:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l588.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"medio","lemma":"medius","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the middle"},{"surface":"chlamyde","lemma":"chlamys","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"Greek cloak"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"pictis","lemma":"pingo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been painted"},{"surface":"conspectus","lemma":"conspicio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"marked out"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"armis","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"armor"}]},{"number":589,"label":"589","id":"b8-l589","source":"qualis ubi Oceani perfusus Lucifer unda,","translation":"as when the Morning Star, washed in the water of Ocean,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l589.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"qualis","lemma":"qualis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"ubi","lemma":"ubi","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"Oceani","lemma":"oceanus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of Ocean"},{"surface":"perfusus","lemma":"perfundo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"washed"},{"surface":"Lucifer","lemma":"lucifer","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Morning Star"},{"surface":"unda","lemma":"unda","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in water"}]},{"number":590,"label":"590","id":"b8-l590","source":"quem Venus ante alios astrorum diligit ignis,","translation":"the one Venus loves before all the other fires of heaven,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l590.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quem","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"whom"},{"surface":"Venus","lemma":"uenus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Venus"},{"surface":"ante","lemma":"ante","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"alios","lemma":"alius","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"astrorum","lemma":"astrum","morphology":"noun, genitive plural neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"stars"},{"surface":"diligit","lemma":"diligo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"loves"},{"surface":"ignis","lemma":"ignis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"fires"}]},{"number":591,"label":"591","id":"b8-l591","source":"extulit os sacrum caelo tenebrasque resolvit.","translation":"has lifted his sacred face into the sky and undone the dark.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l591.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"extulit","lemma":"effero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"has lifted"},{"surface":"os","lemma":"os","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"sacrum","lemma":"sacer","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"sacred"},{"surface":"caelo","lemma":"caelum","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"sky"},{"surface":"tenebrasque","lemma":"tenebrae","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"dark"},{"surface":"resolvit","lemma":"resoluo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"has undone"}]},{"number":592,"label":"592","id":"b8-l592","source":"Stant pavidae in muris matres oculisque sequuntur","translation":"The mothers stand frightened on the walls and follow with their eyes","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l592.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Stant","lemma":"sto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"stand"},{"surface":"pavidae","lemma":"pauidus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"frightened"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"muris","lemma":"murus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"walls"},{"surface":"matres","lemma":"mater","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"mothers"},{"surface":"oculisque","lemma":"oculus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"sequuntur","lemma":"sequor","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"follow"}]},{"number":593,"label":"593","id":"b8-l593","source":"pulveream nubem et fulgentis aere catervas.","translation":"the cloud of dust and the companies flashing with bronze.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l593.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"pulveream","lemma":"puluereus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of dust"},{"surface":"nubem","lemma":"nubes","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"cloud"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fulgentis","lemma":"fulgeo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"flashing"},{"surface":"aere","lemma":"aes","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with bronze"},{"surface":"catervas","lemma":"caterua","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"companies"}]},{"number":594,"label":"594","id":"b8-l594","source":"Olli per dumos, qua proxuma meta viarum,","translation":"In arms they press through the thickets, where the road runs shortest;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l594.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Olli","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"dumos","lemma":"dumus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"thickets"},{"surface":"qua","lemma":"qua","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"proxuma","lemma":"proximus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine, superlative","role":"predicate","gloss":"shortest"},{"surface":"meta","lemma":"meta","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"turning-point"},{"surface":"viarum","lemma":"uia","morphology":"noun, genitive plural feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"roads"}]},{"number":595,"label":"595","id":"b8-l595","source":"armati tendunt; it clamor, et agmine facto","translation":"a shout goes up, and with the column formed","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l595.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"armati","lemma":"armo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"armed"},{"surface":"tendunt","lemma":"tendo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"press"},{"surface":"it","lemma":"eo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"goes up"},{"surface":"clamor","lemma":"clamor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"shout"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"agmine","lemma":"agmen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"column of troops"},{"surface":"facto","lemma":"facio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"formed"}]},{"number":596,"label":"596","id":"b8-l596","source":"quadrupedante putrem sonitu quatit ungula campum.","translation":"the hoof shakes the crumbling plain with a four-footed sound.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l596.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"quadrupedante putrem sonitu quatit ungula campum","title":"A line built on hoofbeats","body":"quadrupedante describes sonitu, 'sound', as 'four-footed', and the line's four dactyls and heavy consonants imitate the beat of hooves. Vergil takes the device, and nearly the wording, from Ennius, the founder of Latin epic."}],"words":[{"surface":"quadrupedante","lemma":"quadrupedans","morphology":"participle, present active ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"four-footed"},{"surface":"putrem","lemma":"puter","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"crumbling"},{"surface":"sonitu","lemma":"sonitus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with a sound"},{"surface":"quatit","lemma":"quatio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"shakes"},{"surface":"ungula","lemma":"ungula","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"hoof"},{"surface":"campum","lemma":"campus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"plain"}]},{"number":597,"label":"597","id":"b8-l597","source":"Est ingens gelidum lucus prope Caeritis amnem,","translation":"There is a huge grove near the cold river of Caere,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l597.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Est","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ingens","lemma":"ingens","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"huge"},{"surface":"gelidum","lemma":"gelidus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"cold"},{"surface":"lucus","lemma":"lucus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"grove"},{"surface":"prope","lemma":"prope","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"near"},{"surface":"Caeritis","lemma":"caere","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"Caere's"},{"surface":"amnem","lemma":"amnis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"river"}]},{"number":598,"label":"598","id":"b8-l598","source":"religione patrum late sacer; undique colles","translation":"held sacred far around by the fathers' religion; on every side","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l598.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"religione","lemma":"religio","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by the religion"},{"surface":"patrum","lemma":"pater","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"fathers"},{"surface":"late","lemma":"late","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"far around"},{"surface":"sacer","lemma":"sacer","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"sacred"},{"surface":"undique","lemma":"undique","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"from every side"},{"surface":"colles","lemma":"collis","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"hills"}]},{"number":599,"label":"599","id":"b8-l599","source":"inclusere cavi et nigra nemus abiete cingunt.","translation":"hollow hills have shut it in and ring the wood with black fir.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l599.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"inclusere","lemma":"includo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"have shut in"},{"surface":"cavi","lemma":"cauus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"hollow"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"nigra","lemma":"niger","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"black"},{"surface":"nemus","lemma":"nemus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"wood"},{"surface":"abiete","lemma":"abies","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"fir tree"},{"surface":"cingunt","lemma":"cingo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"ring"}]},{"number":600,"label":"600","id":"b8-l600","source":"Silvano fama est veteres sacrasse Pelasgos,","translation":"The story is that the old Pelasgians made it holy to Silvanus,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l600.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Silvano","lemma":"siluanus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to Silvanus"},{"surface":"fama","lemma":"fama","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"story"},{"surface":"est","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"veteres","lemma":"uetus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"sacrasse","lemma":"sacro","morphology":"verb, perfect infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"made holy"},{"surface":"Pelasgos","lemma":"pelasgi","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Pelasgi"}]},{"number":601,"label":"601","id":"b8-l601","source":"arvorum pecorisque deo, lucumque diemque,","translation":"god of the ploughlands and the flock, the grove and a day of his own,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l601.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"arvorum","lemma":"aruum","morphology":"noun, genitive plural neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the ploughlands"},{"surface":"pecorisque","lemma":"pecus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the flock"},{"surface":"deo","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"god"},{"surface":"lucumque","lemma":"lucus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"grove"},{"surface":"diemque","lemma":"dies","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"day","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""}]},{"number":602,"label":"602","id":"b8-l602","source":"qui primi finis aliquando habuere Latinos:","translation":"they who long ago were the first to hold the borders of Latium:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l602.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"primi","lemma":"primus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"finis","lemma":"finis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"borders"},{"surface":"aliquando","lemma":"aliquando","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"long ago"},{"surface":"habuere","lemma":"habeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"held"},{"surface":"Latinos","lemma":"latinus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of Latium"}]},{"number":603,"label":"603","id":"b8-l603","source":"haud procul hinc Tarcho et Tyrrheni tuta tenebant","translation":"not far from here Tarchon and the Tyrrhenians held a camp","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l603.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"haud","lemma":"haud","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"procul","lemma":"procul","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"far off"},{"surface":"hinc","lemma":"hinc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"from here"},{"surface":"Tarcho","lemma":"tarcho","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Tarchon"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Tyrrheni","lemma":"tyrrhenus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Tyrrhenians"},{"surface":"tuta","lemma":"tutus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"safe"},{"surface":"tenebant","lemma":"teneo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"held"}]},{"number":604,"label":"604","id":"b8-l604","source":"castra locis, celsoque omnis de colle videri","translation":"on safe ground, and the whole force could already be seen","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l604.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"castra","lemma":"castra","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"camp"},{"surface":"locis","lemma":"locus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"on ground"},{"surface":"celsoque","lemma":"celsus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"high"},{"surface":"omnis","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"down from"},{"surface":"colle","lemma":"collis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"hill"},{"surface":"videri","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive passive","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to be seen"}]},{"number":605,"label":"605","id":"b8-l605","source":"iam poterat legio et latis tendebat in arvis.","translation":"from a high hill, and was spread out across the wide fields.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l605.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"iam","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"poterat","lemma":"possum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"legio","lemma":"legio","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"force"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"latis","lemma":"latus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"wide"},{"surface":"tendebat","lemma":"tendo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was spread out"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"across"},{"surface":"arvis","lemma":"aruum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"fields"}]},{"number":606,"label":"606","id":"b8-l606","source":"Huc pater Aeneas et bello lecta iuventus","translation":"Here father Aeneas and the young men chosen for the war","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l606.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Huc","lemma":"huc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"to here"},{"surface":"pater","lemma":"pater","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"Aeneas","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Aeneas"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bello","lemma":"bellum","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"for the war"},{"surface":"lecta","lemma":"lego","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"chosen"},{"surface":"iuventus","lemma":"iuuentus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"young men"}]},{"number":607,"label":"607","id":"b8-l607","source":"succedunt fessique et equos et corpora curant.","translation":"come up, and, worn out, see to their horses and their bodies.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l607.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"succedunt","lemma":"succedo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"come up"},{"surface":"fessique","lemma":"fessus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"worn out"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"both"},{"surface":"equos","lemma":"equus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"horses"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"corpora","lemma":"corpus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"bodies"},{"surface":"curant","lemma":"curo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"see to"}]},{"number":608,"label":"608","id":"b8-l608","source":"At Venus aetherios inter dea candida nimbos","translation":"But Venus, the bright goddess, was there among the clouds of heaven","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l608.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"At","lemma":"at","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Venus","lemma":"uenus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Venus"},{"surface":"aetherios","lemma":"aetherius","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of heaven"},{"surface":"inter","lemma":"inter","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"dea","lemma":"dea","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"apposition","gloss":"goddess"},{"surface":"candida","lemma":"candidus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"bright"},{"surface":"nimbos","lemma":"nimbus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"storm cloud"}]},{"number":609,"label":"609","id":"b8-l609","source":"dona ferens aderat; natumque in valle reducta","translation":"carrying her gifts; and when she saw her son far off","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l609.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"dona","lemma":"donum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"gifts"},{"surface":"ferens","lemma":"fero","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"carrying"},{"surface":"aderat","lemma":"adsum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was there"},{"surface":"natumque","lemma":"natus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"son"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"valle","lemma":"uallis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"valley"},{"surface":"reducta","lemma":"reduco","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"withdrawn"}]},{"number":610,"label":"610","id":"b8-l610","source":"ut procul egelido secretum flumine vidit,","translation":"in a withdrawn valley, alone beside the cold stream,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l610.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"procul","lemma":"procul","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"far off"},{"surface":"egelido","lemma":"egelidus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"cold"},{"surface":"secretum","lemma":"secretus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"flumine","lemma":"flumen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"beside the stream"},{"surface":"vidit","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"saw"}]},{"number":611,"label":"611","id":"b8-l611","source":"talibus adfata est dictis seque obtulit ultro:","translation":"she spoke to him in such words and came forward unasked:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l611.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"talibus","lemma":"talis","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"adfata","lemma":"affor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"addressed"},{"surface":"est","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke"},{"surface":"dictis","lemma":"dictum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"seque","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"herself","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"obtulit","lemma":"offero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"came forward"},{"surface":"ultro","lemma":"ultro","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"unasked"}]},{"number":612,"label":"612","id":"b8-l612","source":"“En perfecta mei promissa coniugis arte","translation":"“Here are the gifts I promised, finished by my husband's craft,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l612.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"En","lemma":"en","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"perfecta","lemma":"perficio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"finished"},{"surface":"mei","lemma":"meus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"promissa","lemma":"promitto","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"promised"},{"surface":"coniugis","lemma":"coniunx","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"husband's"},{"surface":"arte","lemma":"ars","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by craft"}]},{"number":613,"label":"613","id":"b8-l613","source":"munera, ne mox aut Laurentis, nate, superbos","translation":"so that you need not hesitate, my son, to call the proud Laurentians","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l613.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"munera","lemma":"munus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"gifts"},{"surface":"ne","lemma":"ne","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"mox","lemma":"mox","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"soon"},{"surface":"aut","lemma":"aut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"either"},{"surface":"Laurentis","lemma":"laurens","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Laurentians"},{"surface":"nate","lemma":"natus","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"son"},{"surface":"superbos","lemma":"superbus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"proud"}]},{"number":614,"label":"614","id":"b8-l614","source":"aut acrem dubites in proelia poscere Turnum.”","translation":"or fierce Turnus out to battle.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l614.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"aut","lemma":"aut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"acrem","lemma":"acer","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"fierce"},{"surface":"dubites","lemma":"dubito","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"hesitate"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"proelia","lemma":"proelium","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"battle"},{"surface":"poscere","lemma":"posco","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to call out"},{"surface":"Turnum","lemma":"turnus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Turnus"}]},{"number":615,"label":"615","id":"b8-l615","source":"Dixit et amplexus nati Cytherea petivit,","translation":"The Cytherean spoke, and looked for her son's embrace,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l615.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dixit","lemma":"dico","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"amplexus","lemma":"amplexus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"embrace"},{"surface":"nati","lemma":"natus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"sons"},{"surface":"Cytherea","lemma":"cytherea","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Cytherean"},{"surface":"petivit","lemma":"peto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"looked for"}]},{"number":616,"label":"616","id":"b8-l616","source":"arma sub adversa posuit radiantia quercu.","translation":"and set the shining arms down under an oak across from him.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l616.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"arma","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"arms"},{"surface":"sub","lemma":"sub","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"adversa","lemma":"aduersus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"opposite"},{"surface":"posuit","lemma":"pono","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"set down"},{"surface":"radiantia","lemma":"radio","morphology":"participle, present active accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"shining"},{"surface":"quercu","lemma":"quercus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"oak"}]},{"number":617,"label":"617","id":"b8-l617","source":"Ille, deae donis et tanto laetus honore,","translation":"He, glad in the goddess's gifts and in so great an honor,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l617.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ille","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"deae","lemma":"dea","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"goddess"},{"surface":"donis","lemma":"donum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"gifts"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tanto","lemma":"tantus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"so great"},{"surface":"laetus","lemma":"laetus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"glad"},{"surface":"honore","lemma":"honor","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"honor"}]},{"number":618,"label":"618","id":"b8-l618","source":"expleri nequit atque oculos per singula volvit","translation":"cannot get his fill, and rolls his eyes over one thing after another,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l618.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"expleri","lemma":"expleo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive passive","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to get his fill"},{"surface":"nequit","lemma":"nequeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"cannot"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"oculos","lemma":"oculus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"singula","lemma":"singulus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"each thing"},{"surface":"volvit","lemma":"uoluo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"rolls"}]},{"number":619,"label":"619","id":"b8-l619","source":"miraturque interque manus et bracchia versat","translation":"and marvels, and turns them over between his hands and arms:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l619.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"miraturque","lemma":"miror","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"marvels"},{"surface":"interque","lemma":"inter","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"between"},{"surface":"manus","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"hands"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bracchia","lemma":"bracchium","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"arms"},{"surface":"versat","lemma":"uerso","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"turns over"}]},{"number":620,"label":"620","id":"b8-l620","source":"terribilem cristis galeam flammasque vomentem","translation":"the helmet, terrible with its crests and spewing flames,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l620.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"terribilem","lemma":"terribilis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"terrible"},{"surface":"cristis","lemma":"crista","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"crests"},{"surface":"galeam","lemma":"galea","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"helmet"},{"surface":"flammasque","lemma":"flamma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"flames"},{"surface":"vomentem","lemma":"uomo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"spewing"}]},{"number":621,"label":"621","id":"b8-l621","source":"fatiferumque ensem, loricam ex aere rigentem","translation":"and the fate-bearing sword, and the corselet stiff with bronze,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l621.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"fatiferumque","lemma":"fatifer","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"fate-bearing"},{"surface":"ensem","lemma":"ensis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"sword"},{"surface":"loricam","lemma":"lorica","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"corselet"},{"surface":"ex","lemma":"ex","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"aere","lemma":"aes","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"bronze"},{"surface":"rigentem","lemma":"rigeo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"stiff"}]},{"number":622,"label":"622","id":"b8-l622","source":"sanguineam ingentem, qualis cum caerula nubes","translation":"blood-colored and huge, as when a dark-blue cloud","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l622.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sanguineam","lemma":"sanguineus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"blood-colored"},{"surface":"ingentem","lemma":"ingens","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"huge"},{"surface":"qualis","lemma":"qualis","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"caerula","lemma":"caeruleus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"dark-blue"},{"surface":"nubes","lemma":"nubes","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"cloud"}]},{"number":623,"label":"623","id":"b8-l623","source":"solis inardescit radiis longeque refulget;","translation":"catches fire from the sun's rays and shines back far off;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l623.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"solis","lemma":"sol","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"sun"},{"surface":"inardescit","lemma":"inardesco","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"catches fire"},{"surface":"radiis","lemma":"radius","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"rays"},{"surface":"longeque","lemma":"longe","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"far off"},{"surface":"refulget","lemma":"refulgeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"flashes back"}]},{"number":624,"label":"624","id":"b8-l624","source":"tum levis ocreas electro auroque recocto","translation":"then the light greaves of electrum and of gold worked over again,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l624.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"levis","lemma":"leuis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"light"},{"surface":"ocreas","lemma":"ocrea","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"greaves"},{"surface":"electro","lemma":"electrum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"electrum"},{"surface":"auroque","lemma":"aurum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"gold"},{"surface":"recocto","lemma":"recoquo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"worked over again"}]},{"number":625,"label":"625","id":"b8-l625","source":"hastamque et clipei non enarrabile textum.","translation":"and the spear, and the weave of the shield, which cannot be told.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l625.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"non enarrabile textum","title":"A weave, and a poem","body":"textum means 'a weave' or 'a woven thing', the same word Latin uses for the fabric of a poem. Vergil calls the shield's surface non enarrabile, 'unable to be told', immediately before spending over a hundred lines describing it in full."}],"words":[{"surface":"hastamque","lemma":"hasta","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"spear"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"clipei","lemma":"clipeus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the shield"},{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"enarrabile","lemma":"enarrabilis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"which cannot be told"},{"surface":"textum","lemma":"textus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"weave"}]},{"number":626,"label":"626","id":"b8-l626","source":"Illic res Italas Romanorumque triumphos","translation":"There the doings of Italy and the triumphs of the Romans,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l626.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Illic","lemma":"illic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"res","lemma":"res","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"doings"},{"surface":"Italas","lemma":"italus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of Italy"},{"surface":"Romanorumque","lemma":"romanus","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the Romans"},{"surface":"triumphos","lemma":"triumphus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"triumphs"}]},{"number":627,"label":"627","id":"b8-l627","source":"haud vatum ignarus venturique inscius aevi","translation":"for he was not ignorant of the seers, nor blind to the age to come,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l627.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"haud","lemma":"haud","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"vatum","lemma":"uates","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"seers"},{"surface":"ignarus","lemma":"ignarus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"ignorant"},{"surface":"venturique","lemma":"uenio","morphology":"participle, future active genitive singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"going to come"},{"surface":"inscius","lemma":"inscius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"blind"},{"surface":"aevi","lemma":"aeuum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the age"}]},{"number":628,"label":"628","id":"b8-l628","source":"fecerat ignipotens, illic genus omne futurae","translation":"the Lord of Fire had made; there the whole race of the stock","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l628.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"fecerat ignipotens","title":"A finished shield, a finished tense","body":"fecerat is pluperfect, 'had made', not the simple past Homer uses to narrate Hephaestus working stage by stage. Vergil's shield is already complete, so the pluperfect runs throughout, had made, had added, had hammered, describing something we look at rather than something being made."}],"words":[{"surface":"fecerat","lemma":"facio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"had made"},{"surface":"ignipotens","lemma":"ignipotens","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Lord of Fire"},{"surface":"illic","lemma":"illic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"genus","lemma":"genus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"race"},{"surface":"omne","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"futurae","lemma":"futurus","morphology":"participle, future active genitive singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"going to be"}]},{"number":629,"label":"629","id":"b8-l629","source":"stirpis ab Ascanio. pugnataque in ordine bella.","translation":"to come from Ascanius, and the wars fought in their order.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l629.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"stirpis","lemma":"stirps","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of stock"},{"surface":"ab","lemma":"ab","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"Ascanio","lemma":"ascanius","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"Ascanius"},{"surface":"pugnataque","lemma":"pugno","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"fought"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"ordine","lemma":"ordo","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"order"},{"surface":"bella","lemma":"bellum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"wars"}]},{"number":630,"label":"630","id":"b8-l630","source":"Fecerat et viridi fetam Mavortis in antro","translation":"He had made, too, a she-wolf newly delivered, lying down","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l630.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Fecerat","lemma":"facio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"had made"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"viridi","lemma":"uiridis","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"green"},{"surface":"fetam","lemma":"fetus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"newly delivered"},{"surface":"Mavortis","lemma":"mauors","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of Mars"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"antro","lemma":"antrum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"cave"}]},{"number":631,"label":"631","id":"b8-l631","source":"procubuisse lupam, geminos huic ubera circum","translation":"in the green cave of Mars, and about her teats twin boys","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l631.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"procubuisse","lemma":"procumbo","morphology":"verb, perfect infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"lying down"},{"surface":"lupam","lemma":"lupa","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"wolf"},{"surface":"geminos","lemma":"geminus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"twin"},{"surface":"huic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"ubera","lemma":"uber","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"teats"},{"surface":"circum","lemma":"circum","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"about"}]},{"number":632,"label":"632","id":"b8-l632","source":"ludere pendentis pueros et lambere matrem","translation":"hanging at play, and licking their mother","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l632.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ludere","lemma":"ludo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to play"},{"surface":"pendentis","lemma":"pendeo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"hanging"},{"surface":"pueros","lemma":"puer","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"boys"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lambere","lemma":"lambo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to lick"},{"surface":"matrem","lemma":"mater","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"mother"}]},{"number":633,"label":"633","id":"b8-l633","source":"impavidos, illam tereti cervice reflexa","translation":"unafraid; and her, bending back her rounded neck,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l633.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"impavidos","lemma":"impauidus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"fearless, intrepid"},{"surface":"illam","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"tereti","lemma":"teres","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"rounded"},{"surface":"cervice","lemma":"ceruix","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"her neck"},{"surface":"reflexa","lemma":"reflecto","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"bent back"}]},{"number":634,"label":"634","id":"b8-l634","source":"mulcere alternos et corpora fingere lingua.","translation":"stroking them by turns and shaping their bodies with her tongue.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l634.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"mulcere","lemma":"mulceo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to stroke"},{"surface":"alternos","lemma":"alternus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"by turns"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"corpora","lemma":"corpus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"bodies"},{"surface":"fingere","lemma":"fingo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to shape"},{"surface":"lingua","lemma":"lingua","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"tongue"}]},{"number":635,"label":"635","id":"b8-l635","source":"Nec procul hinc Romam et raptas sine more Sabinas","translation":"Not far from this he had added Rome, and the Sabine women","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l635.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"procul","lemma":"procul","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"far off"},{"surface":"hinc","lemma":"hinc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"from this"},{"surface":"Romam","lemma":"roma","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"Rome"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"raptas","lemma":"rapio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"seized"},{"surface":"sine","lemma":"sine","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"against"},{"surface":"more","lemma":"mos","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"custom"},{"surface":"Sabinas","lemma":"sabina","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"Sabine women"}]},{"number":636,"label":"636","id":"b8-l636","source":"consessu caveae magnis circensibus actis","translation":"seized against all custom out of the seated tiers of the arena","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l636.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"consessu","lemma":"consessus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"out of the tiers"},{"surface":"caveae","lemma":"cauea","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"arena"},{"surface":"magnis","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"circensibus","lemma":"circensis","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"games"},{"surface":"actis","lemma":"ago","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"run"}]},{"number":637,"label":"637","id":"b8-l637","source":"addiderat subitoque novum consurgere bellum","translation":"while the great games were run, and a new war rising all at once","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l637.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"addiderat","lemma":"addo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"had added"},{"surface":"subitoque","lemma":"subito","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"all at once"},{"surface":"novum","lemma":"nouus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"new"},{"surface":"consurgere","lemma":"consurgo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to rise"},{"surface":"bellum","lemma":"bellum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"war"}]},{"number":638,"label":"638","id":"b8-l638","source":"Romulidis Tatioque seni Curibusque severis.","translation":"for the sons of Romulus, and for old Tatius and grim Cures.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l638.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Romulidis","lemma":"romulidae","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"for the sons of Romulus"},{"surface":"Tatioque","lemma":"tatius","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"for Tatius","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"seni","lemma":"senex","morphology":"adjective, dative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"Curibusque","lemma":"cures","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"Cures"},{"surface":"severis","lemma":"seuerus","morphology":"adjective, dative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"grim"}]},{"number":639,"label":"639","id":"b8-l639","source":"Post idem inter se posito certamine reges","translation":"Afterward the same kings, the quarrel laid down between them,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l639.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Post","lemma":"post","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"afterward"},{"surface":"idem","lemma":"idem","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"the same"},{"surface":"inter","lemma":"inter","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"between"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"posito","lemma":"pono","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"laid down"},{"surface":"certamine","lemma":"certamen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"the quarrel"},{"surface":"reges","lemma":"rex","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"kings"}]},{"number":640,"label":"640","id":"b8-l640","source":"armati Iovis ante aram paterasque tenentes","translation":"stood armed before the altar of Jove, holding the bowls,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l640.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"armati","lemma":"armo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"armed"},{"surface":"Iovis","lemma":"iuppiter","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of Jove"},{"surface":"ante","lemma":"ante","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"aram","lemma":"ara","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"altar"},{"surface":"paterasque","lemma":"patera","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"bowls"},{"surface":"tenentes","lemma":"teneo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"holding"}]},{"number":641,"label":"641","id":"b8-l641","source":"stabant et caesa iungebant foedera porca.","translation":"and were joining a treaty over a slaughtered sow.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l641.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"stabant","lemma":"sto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"caesa","lemma":"caedo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"slaughtered"},{"surface":"iungebant","lemma":"iungo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"joined"},{"surface":"foedera","lemma":"foedus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"treaty"},{"surface":"porca","lemma":"porca","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"over a sow"}]},{"number":642,"label":"642","id":"b8-l642","source":"Haud procul inde citae Mettum in diversa quadrigae","translation":"Not far from there swift four-horse teams had torn Mettus","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l642.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Haud","lemma":"haud","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"procul","lemma":"procul","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"far off"},{"surface":"inde","lemma":"inde","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"from there"},{"surface":"citae","lemma":"citus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"swift"},{"surface":"Mettum","lemma":"mettus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Mettus"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"diversa","lemma":"diuersus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"opposite directions"},{"surface":"quadrigae","lemma":"quadrigae","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"teams"}]},{"number":643,"label":"643","id":"b8-l643","source":"distulerant, at tu dictis, Albane, maneres,","translation":"into opposite pieces, but you should have kept to your word, Alban,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l643.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"distulerant","lemma":"differo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural pluperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"had torn apart"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"dictis","lemma":"dictum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"Albane","lemma":"albanus","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"Alban"},{"surface":"maneres","lemma":"maneo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular imperfect subjunctive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"should have kept"}]},{"number":644,"label":"644","id":"b8-l644","source":"raptabatque viri mendacis viscera Tullus","translation":"and Tullus was dragging the lying man's flesh","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l644.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"raptabatque","lemma":"rapto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was dragging"},{"surface":"viri","lemma":"uir","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"man's"},{"surface":"mendacis","lemma":"mendax","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"lying"},{"surface":"viscera","lemma":"uiscus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"flesh"},{"surface":"Tullus","lemma":"tullus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Tullus"}]},{"number":645,"label":"645","id":"b8-l645","source":"per silvam, et sparsi rorabant sanguine vepres.","translation":"through a wood, and the scattered briars dripped with blood.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l645.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"silvam","lemma":"silua","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"wood"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sparsi","lemma":"spargo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been scattered"},{"surface":"rorabant","lemma":"roro","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"dripped"},{"surface":"sanguine","lemma":"sanguis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"blood"},{"surface":"vepres","lemma":"uepres","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"briars"}]},{"number":646,"label":"646","id":"b8-l646","source":"Nec non Tarquinium eiectum Porsenna iubebat","translation":"Porsenna too was ordering them to take back the banished Tarquin","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l646.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"Tarquinium","lemma":"tarquinius","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Tarquin"},{"surface":"eiectum","lemma":"eicio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"banished"},{"surface":"Porsenna","lemma":"porsenna","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Porsenna"},{"surface":"iubebat","lemma":"iubeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"ordered"}]},{"number":647,"label":"647","id":"b8-l647","source":"accipere ingentique urbem obsidione premebat:","translation":"and was crushing the city with a huge siege:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l647.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"accipere","lemma":"accipio","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to take back"},{"surface":"ingentique","lemma":"ingens","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"huge"},{"surface":"urbem","lemma":"urbs","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"city"},{"surface":"obsidione","lemma":"obsidio","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"siege"},{"surface":"premebat","lemma":"premo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was crushing"}]},{"number":648,"label":"648","id":"b8-l648","source":"Aeneadae in ferrum pro libertate ruebant.","translation":"the sons of Aeneas were running on the sword for liberty.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l648.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Aeneadae","lemma":"aeneades","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"sons of Aeneas"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"ferrum","lemma":"ferrum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the sword"},{"surface":"pro","lemma":"pro","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"libertate","lemma":"libertas","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"liberty"},{"surface":"ruebant","lemma":"ruo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"were running"}]},{"number":649,"label":"649","id":"b8-l649","source":"Illum indignanti similem similemque minanti","translation":"You would see him there like a man outraged and like a man threatening,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l649.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Illum","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"indignanti","lemma":"indignor","morphology":"participle, present active dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to a man outraged"},{"surface":"similem","lemma":"similis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"similemque","lemma":"similis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"minanti","lemma":"minor","morphology":"participle, present active dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to a man threatening"}]},{"number":650,"label":"650","id":"b8-l650","source":"aspiceres, pontem auderet quia vellere Cocles","translation":"because Cocles dared to tear the bridge away","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l650.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"aspiceres","lemma":"aspicio","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular imperfect subjunctive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"you would see"},{"surface":"pontem","lemma":"pons","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"bridge"},{"surface":"auderet","lemma":"audeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"dared"},{"surface":"quia","lemma":"quia","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"vellere","lemma":"uello","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to tear away"},{"surface":"Cocles","lemma":"cocles","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Cocles"}]},{"number":651,"label":"651","id":"b8-l651","source":"et fluvium vinclis innaret Cloelia ruptis.","translation":"and Cloelia broke her chains and swam the river.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l651.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fluvium","lemma":"fluuius","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"river"},{"surface":"vinclis","lemma":"uinculum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"her chains"},{"surface":"innaret","lemma":"inno","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"swam"},{"surface":"Cloelia","lemma":"cloelia","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Cloelia"},{"surface":"ruptis","lemma":"rumpo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"broken"}]},{"number":652,"label":"652","id":"b8-l652","source":"In summo custos Tarpeiae Manlius arcis","translation":"At the top, Manlius, guard of the Tarpeian citadel,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l652.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"In","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"summo","lemma":"summus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"top"},{"surface":"custos","lemma":"custos","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"guard"},{"surface":"Tarpeiae","lemma":"tarpeius","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Tarpeian"},{"surface":"Manlius","lemma":"manlius","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Manlius"},{"surface":"arcis","lemma":"arx","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"citadel"}]},{"number":653,"label":"653","id":"b8-l653","source":"stabat pro templo et Capitolia celsa tenebat,","translation":"stood before the temple and held the high Capitol,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l653.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"stabat","lemma":"sto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"pro","lemma":"pro","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"templo","lemma":"templum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"temple"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Capitolia","lemma":"capitolium","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"Capitol"},{"surface":"celsa","lemma":"celsus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"high"},{"surface":"tenebat","lemma":"teneo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"held"}]},{"number":654,"label":"654","id":"b8-l654","source":"Romuleoque recens horrebat regia culmo.","translation":"and the palace bristled new with the thatch of Romulus.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l654.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Romuleoque","lemma":"romuleus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Romulus'"},{"surface":"recens","lemma":"recens","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"new"},{"surface":"horrebat","lemma":"horreo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"bristled"},{"surface":"regia","lemma":"regia","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"palace"},{"surface":"culmo","lemma":"culmus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"thatch"}]},{"number":655,"label":"655","id":"b8-l655","source":"Atque hic auratis volitans argenteus anser","translation":"And here a silver goose, flying through gilded colonnades,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l655.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"auratis","lemma":"auratus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"gilded"},{"surface":"volitans","lemma":"uolito","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"flying about"},{"surface":"argenteus","lemma":"argenteus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"silver"},{"surface":"anser","lemma":"anser","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"goose"}]},{"number":656,"label":"656","id":"b8-l656","source":"porticibus Gallos in limine adesse canebat.","translation":"was crying that the Gauls were at the door.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l656.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"porticibus","lemma":"porticus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"place","gloss":"through colonnades"},{"surface":"Gallos","lemma":"gallus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Gauls"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"limine","lemma":"limen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"door"},{"surface":"adesse","lemma":"adsum","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"were there"},{"surface":"canebat","lemma":"cano","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was crying"}]},{"number":657,"label":"657","id":"b8-l657","source":"Galli per dumos aderant arcemque tenebant,","translation":"The Gauls were there among the thickets and had hold of the citadel,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l657.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Galli","lemma":"gallus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Gauls"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"dumos","lemma":"dumus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"thickets"},{"surface":"aderant","lemma":"adsum","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"were there"},{"surface":"arcemque","lemma":"arx","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"citadel"},{"surface":"tenebant","lemma":"teneo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"had hold of"}]},{"number":658,"label":"658","id":"b8-l658","source":"defensi tenebris et dono noctis opacae:","translation":"kept safe by the dark and by the gift of the shadowy night:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l658.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"defensi","lemma":"defendo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"kept safe"},{"surface":"tenebris","lemma":"tenebrae","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by the dark"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dono","lemma":"donum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"gift"},{"surface":"noctis","lemma":"nox","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"opacae","lemma":"opacus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"shadowy"}]},{"number":659,"label":"659","id":"b8-l659","source":"aurea caesaries ollis atque aurea vestis,","translation":"their hair is gold and their clothing is gold,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l659.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"aurea caesaries ollis atque aurea vestis","title":"One word doing double duty","body":"aurea, 'golden', is repeated for both caesaries, 'hair', and vestis, 'clothing', naming both the Gauls' famous ornaments and the metal Vulcan used to make the image. Homer does the same double duty in Iliad 18, where Ares and Athena are golden figures dressed in gold."}],"words":[{"surface":"aurea","lemma":"aureus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"gold"},{"surface":"caesaries","lemma":"caesaries","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"hair"},{"surface":"ollis","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"aurea","lemma":"aureus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"gold"},{"surface":"vestis","lemma":"uestis","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"clothing"}]},{"number":660,"label":"660","id":"b8-l660","source":"virgatis lucent sagulis, tum lactea colla","translation":"they glitter in striped cloaks, and their milk-white necks","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l660.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"virgatis","lemma":"uirgatus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"striped"},{"surface":"lucent","lemma":"luceo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"glitter"},{"surface":"sagulis","lemma":"sagulum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in cloaks"},{"surface":"tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lactea","lemma":"lacteus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"milk-white"},{"surface":"colla","lemma":"collum","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"necks"}]},{"number":661,"label":"661","id":"b8-l661","source":"auro innectuntur, duo quisque Alpina coruscant","translation":"are bound about with gold; each shakes two Alpine","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l661.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"auro","lemma":"aurum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with gold"},{"surface":"innectuntur","lemma":"innecto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"are bound"},{"surface":"duo","lemma":"duo","morphology":"numeral, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"quisque","lemma":"quisque","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"each"},{"surface":"Alpina","lemma":"alpinus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"Alpine"},{"surface":"coruscant","lemma":"corusco","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"shakes"}]},{"number":662,"label":"662","id":"b8-l662","source":"gaesa manu, scutis protecti corpora longis.","translation":"javelins in his hand, their bodies covered by long shields.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l662.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"gaesa","lemma":"gaesum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"javelins"},{"surface":"manu","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"scutis","lemma":"scutum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"shields"},{"surface":"protecti","lemma":"protego","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"covered"},{"surface":"corpora","lemma":"corpus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"bodies"},{"surface":"longis","lemma":"longus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"long"}]},{"number":663,"label":"663","id":"b8-l663","source":"Hic exsultantis Salios nudosque Lupercos","translation":"Here he had hammered out the leaping Salii and the naked Luperci","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l663.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"exsultantis","lemma":"exsulto","morphology":"participle, present active accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"leaping"},{"surface":"Salios","lemma":"salii","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Salii"},{"surface":"nudosque","lemma":"nudus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"naked"},{"surface":"Lupercos","lemma":"lupercus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Luperci"}]},{"number":664,"label":"664","id":"b8-l664","source":"lanigerosque apices et lapsa ancilia caelo","translation":"and the wool-bound caps and the shields that fell from heaven;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l664.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"lanigerosque","lemma":"laniger","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"wool-bound"},{"surface":"apices","lemma":"apex","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"caps"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lapsa","lemma":"labor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"fallen"},{"surface":"ancilia","lemma":"ancile","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"shields"},{"surface":"caelo","lemma":"caelum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"from heaven"}]},{"number":665,"label":"665","id":"b8-l665","source":"extuderat, castae ducebant sacra per urbem","translation":"chaste mothers were leading the rites through the city","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l665.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"extuderat","lemma":"extundo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"had hammered out"},{"surface":"castae","lemma":"castus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"chaste"},{"surface":"ducebant","lemma":"duco","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"were leading"},{"surface":"sacra","lemma":"sacer","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"rites"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"urbem","lemma":"urbs","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"city"}]},{"number":666,"label":"666","id":"b8-l666","source":"pilentis matres in mollibus. Hinc procul addit","translation":"in soft carriages. Far off from these he adds","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l666.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"pilentis","lemma":"pilentum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in carriages"},{"surface":"matres","lemma":"mater","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"mothers"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"mollibus","lemma":"mollis","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"soft"},{"surface":"Hinc","lemma":"hinc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"from these"},{"surface":"procul","lemma":"procul","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"far off"},{"surface":"addit","lemma":"addo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"adds"}]},{"number":667,"label":"667","id":"b8-l667","source":"Tartareas etiam sedes, alta ostia Ditis,","translation":"the seats of Tartarus as well, the high doorway of Dis,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l667.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tartareas","lemma":"tartareus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of Tartarus"},{"surface":"etiam","lemma":"etiam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"as well"},{"surface":"sedes","lemma":"sedes","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"seats"},{"surface":"alta","lemma":"altus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"high"},{"surface":"ostia","lemma":"ostium","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"doorway"},{"surface":"Ditis","lemma":"dis","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Dis"}]},{"number":668,"label":"668","id":"b8-l668","source":"et scelerum poenas et te, Catilina, minaci","translation":"and the punishments of crime, and you, Catiline, hanging","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l668.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"scelerum","lemma":"scelus","morphology":"noun, genitive plural neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"crimes"},{"surface":"poenas","lemma":"poena","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"punishments"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"Catilina","lemma":"catilina","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"Catiline"},{"surface":"minaci","lemma":"minax","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"threatening"}]},{"number":669,"label":"669","id":"b8-l669","source":"pendentem scopulo Furiarumque ora trementem,","translation":"from a threatening crag and shaking at the faces of the Furies,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l669.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"pendentem","lemma":"pendeo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"hanging"},{"surface":"scopulo","lemma":"scopulus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"from a crag"},{"surface":"Furiarumque","lemma":"furia","morphology":"noun, genitive plural feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the Furies","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"ora","lemma":"os","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"faces"},{"surface":"trementem","lemma":"tremo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"shaking"}]},{"number":670,"label":"670","id":"b8-l670","source":"secretosque pios, his dantem iura Catonem.","translation":"and the good set apart, and Cato giving them law.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l670.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"secretosque","lemma":"secerno","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"set apart"},{"surface":"pios","lemma":"pius","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"the good"},{"surface":"his","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"dantem","lemma":"do","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"giving"},{"surface":"iura","lemma":"ius","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"laws"},{"surface":"Catonem","lemma":"cato","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Cato"}]},{"number":671,"label":"671","id":"b8-l671","source":"Haec inter tumidi late maris ibat imago","translation":"Among all this the likeness of the swollen sea ran wide,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l671.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Haec","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"inter","lemma":"inter","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"tumidi","lemma":"tumidus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"swollen"},{"surface":"late","lemma":"late","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"wide"},{"surface":"maris","lemma":"mare","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"sea"},{"surface":"ibat","lemma":"eo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"ran"},{"surface":"imago","lemma":"imago","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"likeness"}]},{"number":672,"label":"672","id":"b8-l672","source":"aurea, sed fluctu spumabant caerula cano;","translation":"golden, but the blue was foaming with white surge;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l672.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"aurea","lemma":"aureus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"golden"},{"surface":"sed","lemma":"sed","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"fluctu","lemma":"fluctus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with surge"},{"surface":"spumabant","lemma":"spumo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"foamed"},{"surface":"caerula","lemma":"caeruleus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"the blue"},{"surface":"cano","lemma":"canus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"white"}]},{"number":673,"label":"673","id":"b8-l673","source":"et circum argento clari delphines in orbem","translation":"and round about, dolphins bright in silver, in a circle,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l673.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"circum","lemma":"circum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"round about"},{"surface":"argento","lemma":"argentum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"silver"},{"surface":"clari","lemma":"clarus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"bright"},{"surface":"delphines","lemma":"delphin","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"dolphins"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"orbem","lemma":"orbis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"circle"}]},{"number":674,"label":"674","id":"b8-l674","source":"aequora verrebant caudis aestumque secabant.","translation":"were sweeping the water with their tails and cutting the swell.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l674.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"aequora","lemma":"aequor","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"verrebant","lemma":"uerro","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"were sweeping"},{"surface":"caudis","lemma":"cauda","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"tails"},{"surface":"aestumque","lemma":"aestus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"swell"},{"surface":"secabant","lemma":"seco","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"were cutting"}]},{"number":675,"label":"675","id":"b8-l675","source":"In medio classis aeratas, Actia bella,","translation":"In the middle it was possible to see bronze-plated fleets, the war","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l675.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"In","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"medio","lemma":"medius","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the middle"},{"surface":"classis","lemma":"classis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"fleets"},{"surface":"aeratas","lemma":"aeratus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"bronze-plated"},{"surface":"Actia","lemma":"actius","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"Actian"},{"surface":"bella","lemma":"bellum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"apposition","gloss":"war"}]},{"number":676,"label":"676","id":"b8-l676","source":"cernere erat, totumque instructo Marte videres","translation":"at Actium, and you would see the whole of Leucate boiling","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l676.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"cernere","lemma":"cerno","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to see"},{"surface":"erat","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"totumque","lemma":"totus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"instructo","lemma":"instruo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"drawn up"},{"surface":"Marte","lemma":"mars","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with battle"},{"surface":"videres","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular imperfect subjunctive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"would see"}]},{"number":677,"label":"677","id":"b8-l677","source":"fervere Leucaten auroque effulgere fluctus.","translation":"with battle drawn up, and the waves blazing with gold.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l677.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"fervere","lemma":"ferueo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"boiling"},{"surface":"Leucaten","lemma":"leucate","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Leucate"},{"surface":"auroque","lemma":"aurum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"gold"},{"surface":"effulgere","lemma":"effulgeo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to blaze"},{"surface":"fluctus","lemma":"fluctus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"waves"}]},{"number":678,"label":"678","id":"b8-l678","source":"Hinc Augustus agens Italos in proelia Caesar","translation":"On this side Augustus Caesar, leading the Italians into the fight","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l678.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hinc","lemma":"hinc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"on this side"},{"surface":"Augustus","lemma":"augustus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Augustus"},{"surface":"agens","lemma":"ago","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"leading"},{"surface":"Italos","lemma":"italus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Italians"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"proelia","lemma":"proelium","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"fight"},{"surface":"Caesar","lemma":"caesar","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Caesar"}]},{"number":679,"label":"679","id":"b8-l679","source":"cum patribus populoque, penatibus et magnis dis,","translation":"with the fathers and the people, the household gods and the great gods,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l679.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"patribus","lemma":"pater","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"fathers"},{"surface":"populoque","lemma":"populus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"penatibus","lemma":"penates","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"household gods"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"magnis","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"dis","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"gods"}]},{"number":680,"label":"680","id":"b8-l680","source":"stans celsa in puppi; geminas cui tempora flammas","translation":"standing on the high stern; his glad temples pour out","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l680.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"stans","lemma":"sto","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"standing"},{"surface":"celsa","lemma":"celsus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"high"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"puppi","lemma":"puppis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"stern"},{"surface":"geminas","lemma":"geminus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"twin"},{"surface":"cui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"tempora","lemma":"tempus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"temples"},{"surface":"flammas","lemma":"flamma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"flames"}]},{"number":681,"label":"681","id":"b8-l681","source":"laeta vomunt patriumque aperitur vertice sidus.","translation":"twin flames, and his father's star opens above his head.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l681.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"laeta","lemma":"laetus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"glad"},{"surface":"vomunt","lemma":"uomo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"pour out"},{"surface":"patriumque","lemma":"patrius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"father's","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"aperitur","lemma":"aperio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"opens"},{"surface":"vertice","lemma":"uertex","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"above his head"},{"surface":"sidus","lemma":"sidus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"star"}]},{"number":682,"label":"682","id":"b8-l682","source":"Parte alia ventis et dis Agrippa secundis","translation":"In another quarter Agrippa, with the winds and the gods behind him,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l682.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Parte","lemma":"pars","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in a quarter"},{"surface":"alia","lemma":"alius","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"another"},{"surface":"ventis","lemma":"uentus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"winds"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dis","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"gods"},{"surface":"Agrippa","lemma":"agrippa","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Agrippa"},{"surface":"secundis","lemma":"secundus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"behind him"}]},{"number":683,"label":"683","id":"b8-l683","source":"arduus agmen agens; cui, belli insigne superbum,","translation":"leading his column high; on his temples shines the beaked","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l683.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"arduus","lemma":"arduus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"high"},{"surface":"agmen","lemma":"agmen","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"column"},{"surface":"agens","lemma":"ago","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"leading"},{"surface":"cui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"belli","lemma":"bellum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"war"},{"surface":"insigne","lemma":"insigne","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"apposition","gloss":"emblem"},{"surface":"superbum","lemma":"superbus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"proud"}]},{"number":684,"label":"684","id":"b8-l684","source":"tempora navali fulgent rostrata corona.","translation":"naval crown, the proud emblem of war.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l684.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"tempora","lemma":"tempus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"temples"},{"surface":"navali","lemma":"naualis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"naval"},{"surface":"fulgent","lemma":"fulgeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"shines"},{"surface":"rostrata","lemma":"rostratus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having beaked prow"},{"surface":"corona","lemma":"corona","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"crown"}]},{"number":685,"label":"685","id":"b8-l685","source":"Hinc ope barbarica variisque Antonius armis,","translation":"On that side Antony, with barbarian wealth and weapons of every kind,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l685.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hinc","lemma":"hinc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"on that side"},{"surface":"ope","lemma":"ops","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"wealth"},{"surface":"barbarica","lemma":"barbaricus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"barbarian"},{"surface":"variisque","lemma":"uarius","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"of every kind","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"Antonius","lemma":"antonius","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Antony"},{"surface":"armis","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"weapons"}]},{"number":686,"label":"686","id":"b8-l686","source":"victor ab Aurorae populis et litore rubro,","translation":"a victor from the peoples of the Dawn and from the red shore,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l686.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"victor","lemma":"uictor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"a victor"},{"surface":"ab","lemma":"ab","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"Aurorae","lemma":"aurora","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the Dawn"},{"surface":"populis","lemma":"populus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"peoples"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"litore","lemma":"litus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"shore"},{"surface":"rubro","lemma":"ruber","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"red"}]},{"number":687,"label":"687","id":"b8-l687","source":"Aegyptum viresque Orientis et ultima secum","translation":"brings Egypt with him, and the strength of the East, and farthest","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l687.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Aegyptum","lemma":"aegyptus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"Egypt"},{"surface":"viresque","lemma":"uis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"strength"},{"surface":"Orientis","lemma":"oriens","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the East"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ultima","lemma":"ultimus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"farthest"},{"surface":"secum","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"himself"}]},{"number":688,"label":"688","id":"b8-l688","source":"Bactra vehit, sequiturque (nefas) Aegyptia coniunx.","translation":"Bactra; and there follows him (the abomination) an Egyptian wife.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l688.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Bactra","lemma":"bactra","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"Bactra"},{"surface":"vehit","lemma":"ueho","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"brings"},{"surface":"sequiturque","lemma":"sequor","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"follows"},{"surface":"nefas","lemma":"nefas","morphology":"noun, indeclinable","role":"exclamation","gloss":"the abomination"},{"surface":"Aegyptia","lemma":"aegyptius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Egyptian"},{"surface":"coniunx","lemma":"coniunx","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"wife"}]},{"number":689,"label":"689","id":"b8-l689","source":"Una omnes ruere, ac totum spumare reductis","translation":"All rushed on together, and the whole sea foamed, torn up","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l689.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Una","lemma":"una","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"together, together with"},{"surface":"omnes","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"ruere","lemma":"ruo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to rush on"},{"surface":"ac","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"totum","lemma":"totus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"spumare","lemma":"spumo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"foamed"},{"surface":"reductis","lemma":"reduco","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"drawn"}]},{"number":690,"label":"690","id":"b8-l690","source":"convolsum remis rostrisque tridentibus aequor.","translation":"by the drawn oars and by the three-pronged beaks.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l690.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"convolsum","lemma":"conuello","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"torn up"},{"surface":"remis","lemma":"remus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by oars"},{"surface":"rostrisque","lemma":"rostrum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by beaks"},{"surface":"tridentibus","lemma":"tridens","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"three-pronged"},{"surface":"aequor","lemma":"aequor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"sea"}]},{"number":691,"label":"691","id":"b8-l691","source":"alta petunt: pelago credas innare revolsas","translation":"They make for open water: you would think the Cyclades, wrenched loose,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l691.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"alta","lemma":"altus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"open water"},{"surface":"petunt","lemma":"peto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"make for"},{"surface":"pelago","lemma":"pelagus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"on the sea"},{"surface":"credas","lemma":"credo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present subjunctive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"would think"},{"surface":"innare","lemma":"inno","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to swim"},{"surface":"revolsas","lemma":"reuello","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"wrenched loose"}]},{"number":692,"label":"692","id":"b8-l692","source":"Cycladas aut montis concurrere montibus altos,","translation":"were swimming on the sea, or high mountains running at mountains,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l692.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Cycladas","lemma":"cyclades","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"Cyclades"},{"surface":"aut","lemma":"aut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"montis","lemma":"mons","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"mountains"},{"surface":"concurrere","lemma":"concurro","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to run at"},{"surface":"montibus","lemma":"mons","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"mountains"},{"surface":"altos","lemma":"altus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"high"}]},{"number":693,"label":"693","id":"b8-l693","source":"tanta mole viri turritis puppibus instant.","translation":"such is the mass with which the men drive on in their towered sterns.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l693.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"tanta","lemma":"tantus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"mole","lemma":"moles","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"large mass"},{"surface":"viri","lemma":"uir","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"turritis","lemma":"turritus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"towered"},{"surface":"puppibus","lemma":"puppis","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"sterns"},{"surface":"instant","lemma":"insto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"drive on"}]},{"number":694,"label":"694","id":"b8-l694","source":"stuppea flamma manu telisque volatile ferrum","translation":"Burning tow is flung by hand, and flying iron from the weapons;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l694.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"stuppea","lemma":"stuppeus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"burning"},{"surface":"flamma","lemma":"flamma","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"tow"},{"surface":"manu","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"telisque","lemma":"telum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"weapons"},{"surface":"volatile","lemma":"uolatilis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"flying"},{"surface":"ferrum","lemma":"ferrum","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"iron"}]},{"number":695,"label":"695","id":"b8-l695","source":"spargitur, arva nova Neptunia caede rubescunt.","translation":"the fields of Neptune redden with slaughter that is new to them.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l695.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"spargitur","lemma":"spargo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"is flung"},{"surface":"arva","lemma":"aruum","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"fields"},{"surface":"nova","lemma":"nouus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"new"},{"surface":"Neptunia","lemma":"neptunius","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"of Neptune"},{"surface":"caede","lemma":"caedes","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"slaughter"},{"surface":"rubescunt","lemma":"rubesco","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"redden"}]},{"number":696,"label":"696","id":"b8-l696","source":"Regina in mediis patrio vocat agmina sistro","translation":"In the middle of it the queen calls her columns on with her country's rattle,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l696.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Regina","lemma":"regina","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"queen"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"mediis","lemma":"medius","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the middle"},{"surface":"patrio","lemma":"patrius","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"country's"},{"surface":"vocat","lemma":"uoco","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"calls on"},{"surface":"agmina","lemma":"agmen","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"columns"},{"surface":"sistro","lemma":"sistrum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"rattle"}]},{"number":697,"label":"697","id":"b8-l697","source":"necdum etiam geminos a tergo respicit anguis.","translation":"and does not yet look back at the two snakes behind her.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l697.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"necdum","lemma":"necdum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"etiam","lemma":"etiam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"geminos","lemma":"geminus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"twin"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"ab","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"tergo","lemma":"tergum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"behind"},{"surface":"respicit","lemma":"respicio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"looks back"},{"surface":"anguis","lemma":"anguis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"snakes"}]},{"number":698,"label":"698","id":"b8-l698","source":"omnigenumque deum monstra et latrator Anubis","translation":"Monstrous gods of every kind, and barking Anubis,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l698.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"omnigenumque","lemma":"omnigenus","morphology":"adjective, genitive plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of every kind"},{"surface":"deum","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"gods"},{"surface":"monstra","lemma":"monstrum","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"monsters"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"latrator","lemma":"latrator","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"barker"},{"surface":"Anubis","lemma":"anubis","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Anubis"}]},{"number":699,"label":"699","id":"b8-l699","source":"contra Neptunum et Venerem contraque Minervam","translation":"hold their weapons against Neptune and Venus and against","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l699.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"contra","lemma":"contra","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"against"},{"surface":"Neptunum","lemma":"neptunus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"Neptune"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Venerem","lemma":"uenus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"Venus"},{"surface":"contraque","lemma":"contra","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"against"},{"surface":"Minervam","lemma":"minerua","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"Minerva"}]},{"number":700,"label":"700","id":"b8-l700","source":"tela tenent. Saevit medio in certamine Mavors","translation":"Minerva. Mars rages in the middle of the fight,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l700.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"tela","lemma":"telum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"weapons"},{"surface":"tenent","lemma":"teneo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"hold"},{"surface":"Saevit","lemma":"saeuio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"rages"},{"surface":"medio","lemma":"medius","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"middle"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"certamine","lemma":"certamen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"fight"},{"surface":"Mavors","lemma":"mauors","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Mars"}]},{"number":701,"label":"701","id":"b8-l701","source":"caelatus ferro tristesque ex aethere Dirae,","translation":"chased in iron, and out of the sky the grim Dirae,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l701.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"caelatus","lemma":"caelo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"chased"},{"surface":"ferro","lemma":"ferrum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"iron"},{"surface":"tristesque","lemma":"tristis","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"grim"},{"surface":"ex","lemma":"ex","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"aethere","lemma":"aether","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"sky"},{"surface":"Dirae","lemma":"dirae","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Dirae"}]},{"number":702,"label":"702","id":"b8-l702","source":"et scissa gaudens vadit Discordia palla,","translation":"and Discord goes rejoicing, her gown torn open,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l702.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"scissa","lemma":"scindo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"torn"},{"surface":"gaudens","lemma":"gaudeo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"rejoicing"},{"surface":"vadit","lemma":"uado","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"goes"},{"surface":"Discordia","lemma":"discordia","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Discord"},{"surface":"palla","lemma":"palla","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"gown"}]},{"number":703,"label":"703","id":"b8-l703","source":"quam cum sanguineo sequitur Bellona flagello.","translation":"and Bellona follows her with a bloodied whip.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l703.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quam","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"whom"},{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sanguineo","lemma":"sanguineus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"bloodied"},{"surface":"sequitur","lemma":"sequor","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"follows"},{"surface":"Bellona","lemma":"bellona","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Bellona"},{"surface":"flagello","lemma":"flagellum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"whip"}]},{"number":704,"label":"704","id":"b8-l704","source":"Actius haec cernens arcum tendebat Apollo","translation":"Apollo of Actium, seeing this, was drawing his bow","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l704.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Actius","lemma":"actius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of Actium"},{"surface":"haec","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"cernens","lemma":"cerno","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"seeing"},{"surface":"arcum","lemma":"arcus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"bow"},{"surface":"tendebat","lemma":"tendo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was drawing"},{"surface":"Apollo","lemma":"apollo","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Apollo"}]},{"number":705,"label":"705","id":"b8-l705","source":"desuper: omnis eo terrore Aegyptus et Indi,","translation":"from above: at that terror all Egypt and the Indians,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l705.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"desuper","lemma":"desuper","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"from above"},{"surface":"omnis","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"eo","lemma":"is","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"terrore","lemma":"terror","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"at terror"},{"surface":"Aegyptus","lemma":"aegyptus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Egypt"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Indi","lemma":"indi","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Indians"}]},{"number":706,"label":"706","id":"b8-l706","source":"omnis Arabs, omnes vertebant terga Sabaei.","translation":"every Arab, all the Sabaeans were turning their backs.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l706.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"omnis","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"Arabs","lemma":"arabs","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Arabs"},{"surface":"omnes","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"vertebant","lemma":"uerto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"turned"},{"surface":"terga","lemma":"tergum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"backs"},{"surface":"Sabaei","lemma":"sabaei","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Sabaeans"}]},{"number":707,"label":"707","id":"b8-l707","source":"Ipsa videbatur ventis regina vocatis","translation":"The queen herself was seen calling the winds up and giving","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l707.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ipsa","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"herself"},{"surface":"videbatur","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"was seen"},{"surface":"ventis","lemma":"uentus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"winds"},{"surface":"regina","lemma":"regina","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"queen"},{"surface":"vocatis","lemma":"uoco","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"called up"}]},{"number":708,"label":"708","id":"b8-l708","source":"vela dare et laxos iam iamque inmittere funis.","translation":"sail, and at that very moment letting the slackened ropes run.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l708.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"vela","lemma":"uelum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"sails"},{"surface":"dare","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to give"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"laxos","lemma":"laxus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"slackened"},{"surface":"iam","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at that moment"},{"surface":"iamque","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"that very moment"},{"surface":"inmittere","lemma":"immitto","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"let run"},{"surface":"funis","lemma":"funis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"ropes"}]},{"number":709,"label":"709","id":"b8-l709","source":"Illam inter caedes pallentem morte futura","translation":"The Lord of Fire had made her pale amid the slaughter with the death","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l709.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Illam","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"inter","lemma":"inter","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"amid"},{"surface":"caedes","lemma":"caedes","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"slaughters"},{"surface":"pallentem","lemma":"palleo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"pale"},{"surface":"morte","lemma":"mors","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"death"},{"surface":"futura","lemma":"futurus","morphology":"participle, future active ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"going to come"}]},{"number":710,"label":"710","id":"b8-l710","source":"fecerat Ignipotens undis et Iapyge ferri,","translation":"to come, carried off by the waves and by the Iapyx wind;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l710.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"fecerat","lemma":"facio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"had made"},{"surface":"Ignipotens","lemma":"ignipotens","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Lord of Fire"},{"surface":"undis","lemma":"unda","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"waves"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Iapyge","lemma":"iapyx","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"Iapyx wind"},{"surface":"ferri","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, present infinitive passive","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to be carried"}]},{"number":711,"label":"711","id":"b8-l711","source":"contra autem magno maerentem corpore Nilum","translation":"and opposite, the Nile, mourning in his great body,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l711.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"contra","lemma":"contra","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"opposite"},{"surface":"autem","lemma":"autem","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"magno","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"maerentem","lemma":"maereo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"mourning"},{"surface":"corpore","lemma":"corpus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"body"},{"surface":"Nilum","lemma":"nilus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"the Nile"}]},{"number":712,"label":"712","id":"b8-l712","source":"pandentemque sinus et tota veste vocantem","translation":"opening his folds and with all his robe calling the beaten","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l712.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"pandentemque","lemma":"pando","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"spreading open"},{"surface":"sinus","lemma":"sinus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"folds"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tota","lemma":"totus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"veste","lemma":"uestis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with his robe"},{"surface":"vocantem","lemma":"uoco","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"calling"}]},{"number":713,"label":"713","id":"b8-l713","source":"caeruleum in gremium latebrosaque flumina victos.","translation":"into his blue lap and his streams that hide.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l713.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"caeruleum","lemma":"caeruleus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"blue"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"gremium","lemma":"gremium","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"lap"},{"surface":"latebrosaque","lemma":"latebrosus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"that hide"},{"surface":"flumina","lemma":"flumen","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"streams"},{"surface":"victos","lemma":"uinco","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"the defeated"}]},{"number":714,"label":"714","id":"b8-l714","source":"At Caesar, triplici invectus Romana triumpho","translation":"But Caesar, riding into the walls of Rome in a threefold triumph,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l714.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"At","lemma":"at","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Caesar","lemma":"caesar","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Caesar"},{"surface":"triplici","lemma":"triplex","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"threefold"},{"surface":"invectus","lemma":"inueho","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"riding"},{"surface":"Romana","lemma":"romanus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"Roman"},{"surface":"triumpho","lemma":"triumphus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"triumph"}]},{"number":715,"label":"715","id":"b8-l715","source":"moenia, dis Italis votum inmortale sacrabat,","translation":"was consecrating an undying vow to the gods of Italy,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l715.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"moenia","lemma":"moenia","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"walls"},{"surface":"dis","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"gods"},{"surface":"Italis","lemma":"italus","morphology":"adjective, dative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of Italy"},{"surface":"votum","lemma":"uotum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"vow"},{"surface":"inmortale","lemma":"immortalis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"undying"},{"surface":"sacrabat","lemma":"sacro","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was consecrating"}]},{"number":716,"label":"716","id":"b8-l716","source":"maxuma tercentum totam delubra per urbem.","translation":"three hundred great shrines throughout the whole city.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l716.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"maxuma","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter, superlative","role":"modifier","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"tercentum","lemma":"trecenti","morphology":"numeral, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"three hundred"},{"surface":"totam","lemma":"totus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"delubra","lemma":"delubrum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"shrines"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"throughout"},{"surface":"urbem","lemma":"urbs","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"city"}]},{"number":717,"label":"717","id":"b8-l717","source":"Laetitia ludisque viae plausuque fremebant;","translation":"The streets roared with gladness and games and applause;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l717.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Laetitia","lemma":"laetitia","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with gladness"},{"surface":"ludisque","lemma":"ludus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"games"},{"surface":"viae","lemma":"uia","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"streets"},{"surface":"plausuque","lemma":"plausus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"applause"},{"surface":"fremebant","lemma":"fremo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"roared"}]},{"number":718,"label":"718","id":"b8-l718","source":"omnibus in templis matrum chorus, omnibus arae;","translation":"in every temple a chorus of mothers, in every one altars;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l718.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"omnibus","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"templis","lemma":"templum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"temples"},{"surface":"matrum","lemma":"mater","morphology":"noun, genitive plural feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"mothers"},{"surface":"chorus","lemma":"chorus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"chorus"},{"surface":"omnibus","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"arae","lemma":"ara","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"altars"}]},{"number":719,"label":"719","id":"b8-l719","source":"ante aras terram caesi stravere iuvenci.","translation":"before the altars slaughtered bullocks strewed the ground.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l719.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ante","lemma":"ante","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"aras","lemma":"ara","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"altars"},{"surface":"terram","lemma":"terra","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"ground"},{"surface":"caesi","lemma":"caedo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"slaughtered"},{"surface":"stravere","lemma":"sterno","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"strewed"},{"surface":"iuvenci","lemma":"iuuencus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"bullocks"}]},{"number":720,"label":"720","id":"b8-l720","source":"Ipse, sedens niveo candentis limine Phoebi,","translation":"He himself, seated on the snow-white threshold of shining Phoebus,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l720.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ipse","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"sedens","lemma":"sedeo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"seated"},{"surface":"niveo","lemma":"niueus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"snow-white"},{"surface":"candentis","lemma":"candeo","morphology":"participle, present active genitive singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"shining"},{"surface":"limine","lemma":"limen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"threshold"},{"surface":"Phoebi","lemma":"phoebus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Phoebus"}]},{"number":721,"label":"721","id":"b8-l721","source":"dona recognoscit populorum aptatque superbis","translation":"looks over the gifts of the nations and fits them to the proud","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l721.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"dona","lemma":"donum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"gifts"},{"surface":"recognoscit","lemma":"recognosco","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"looks over"},{"surface":"populorum","lemma":"populus","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"nations"},{"surface":"aptatque","lemma":"apto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"fits"},{"surface":"superbis","lemma":"superbus","morphology":"adjective, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to the proud"}]},{"number":722,"label":"722","id":"b8-l722","source":"postibus; incedunt victae longo ordine gentes,","translation":"doorposts; the conquered peoples file past in a long line,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l722.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"postibus","lemma":"postis","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"doorposts"},{"surface":"incedunt","lemma":"incedo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"file past"},{"surface":"victae","lemma":"uinco","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"conquered"},{"surface":"longo","lemma":"longus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"ordine","lemma":"ordo","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in line"},{"surface":"gentes","lemma":"gens","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"peoples"}]},{"number":723,"label":"723","id":"b8-l723","source":"quam variae linguis, habitu tam vestis et armis.","translation":"as different in their tongues as in the cut of their dress and arms.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l723.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quam","lemma":"quam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"variae","lemma":"uarius","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"different"},{"surface":"linguis","lemma":"lingua","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"tongues"},{"surface":"habitu","lemma":"habitus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in cut"},{"surface":"tam","lemma":"tam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"vestis","lemma":"uestis","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of dress"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"armis","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"arms"}]},{"number":724,"label":"724","id":"b8-l724","source":"Hic Nomadum genus et discinctos Mulciber Afros,","translation":"Here Mulciber had shaped the race of Nomads and the ungirt","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l724.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"Nomadum","lemma":"nomas","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Nomad"},{"surface":"genus","lemma":"genus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"race"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"discinctos","lemma":"discinctus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"wearing loose clothes"},{"surface":"Mulciber","lemma":"mulciber","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Mulciber"},{"surface":"Afros","lemma":"afer","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Africans"}]},{"number":725,"label":"725","id":"b8-l725","source":"hic Lelegas Carasque sagittiferosque Gelonos","translation":"Africans, here the Leleges and Carians and arrow-bearing Geloni;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l725.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"hic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"Lelegas","lemma":"leleges","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Leleges"},{"surface":"Carasque","lemma":"cares","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Carians"},{"surface":"sagittiferosque","lemma":"sagittifer","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"arrow-bearing"},{"surface":"Gelonos","lemma":"geloni","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Geloni"}]},{"number":726,"label":"726","id":"b8-l726","source":"finxerat; Euphrates ibat iam mollior undis,","translation":"Euphrates went now gentler in his waters,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l726.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"finxerat","lemma":"fingo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"had shaped"},{"surface":"Euphrates","lemma":"euphrates","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Euphrates"},{"surface":"ibat","lemma":"eo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"iam","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"mollior","lemma":"mollis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine, comparative","role":"predicate","gloss":"gentler"},{"surface":"undis","lemma":"unda","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in his waters"}]},{"number":727,"label":"727","id":"b8-l727","source":"extremique hominum Morini, Rhenusque bicornis,","translation":"and the Morini, the last of men, and the two-horned Rhine,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l727.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"extremique","lemma":"extremus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"last"},{"surface":"hominum","lemma":"homo","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"Morini","lemma":"morini","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Morini"},{"surface":"Rhenusque","lemma":"rhenus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Rhine"},{"surface":"bicornis","lemma":"bicornis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"two-horned"}]},{"number":728,"label":"728","id":"b8-l728","source":"indomitique Dahae, et pontem indignatus Araxes.","translation":"and the untamed Dahae, and Araxes, who resented his bridge.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l728.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"indomitique","lemma":"indomitus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"untamed"},{"surface":"Dahae","lemma":"dahae","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Dahae"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"pontem","lemma":"pons","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"bridge"},{"surface":"indignatus","lemma":"indignor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"resenting"},{"surface":"Araxes","lemma":"araxes","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Araxes"}]},{"number":729,"label":"729","id":"b8-l729","source":"Talia per clipeum Volcani, dona parentis,","translation":"Such things over the shield of Vulcan, his mother's gift,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l729.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Talia","lemma":"talis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"such things"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"clipeum","lemma":"clipeus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"shield"},{"surface":"Volcani","lemma":"uulcanus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Vulcan"},{"surface":"dona","lemma":"donum","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"apposition","gloss":"gifts"},{"surface":"parentis","lemma":"parens","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"his mother's"}]},{"number":730,"label":"730","id":"b8-l730","source":"miratur rerumque ignarus imagine gaudet,","translation":"he marvels at, and knowing nothing of the events he takes joy in the picture,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l730.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"miratur","lemma":"miror","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"marvels at"},{"surface":"rerumque","lemma":"res","morphology":"noun, genitive plural feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the events"},{"surface":"ignarus","lemma":"ignarus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"knowing nothing"},{"surface":"imagine","lemma":"imago","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in the picture"},{"surface":"gaudet","lemma":"gaudeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"takes joy"}]},{"number":731,"label":"731","id":"b8-l731","source":"attollens umero famamque et fata nepotum.","translation":"lifting onto his shoulder the fame and the fates of his descendants.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b8-l731.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"attollens umero famamque et fata nepotum","title":"The object he actually lifts","body":"The direct object of attollens, 'lifting', is famam et fata nepotum, 'the fame and fates of his descendants', not the shield itself. The line pairs fama and fata, both the object of the same participle, and closes the book on nepotum, 'of his descendants'."}],"words":[{"surface":"attollens","lemma":"attollo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"lifting"},{"surface":"umero","lemma":"umerus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"shoulder"},{"surface":"famamque","lemma":"fama","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"fame"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fata","lemma":"fatum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"fates"},{"surface":"nepotum","lemma":"nepos","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"descendants"}]}]}