{"work":{"slug":"aeneid","title":{"source":"Aeneis","translated":"The Aeneid"},"author":"Publius Vergilius Maro","language":"Latin","languageCode":"la","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/aeneid"},"unit":{"kind":"book","number":9,"id":"book-09","title":{"source":"Aeneidos IX","translated":"Book 9. The Camp Besieged: Nisus and Euryalus"},"section":"The War in Latium","summary":"Turnus attacks the camp while Aeneas is away. Nisus and Euryalus die on a night raid. Turnus is trapped inside and fights his way out.","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/aeneid/9","lines":818},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/books/aeneid/8","next":"https://1732studios.com/books/aeneid/10","license":"Source text: public domain (Vergil, Aeneid, ed. J. B. Greenough, Boston: Ginn and Company, 1900), as encoded in the Perseus Digital Library canonical-latinLit TEI, CC BY-SA 4.0. English translation and notes: © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC, line for line. Narration: read by Malone (LibriVox, 2012), public domain.","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/","lines":[{"number":1,"label":"1","id":"b9-l1","source":"Atque ea diversa penitus dum parte geruntur,","translation":"And while these things are being done in a quarter far away,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Atque ea diversa penitus dum parte geruntur","title":"A while clause for elsewhere","body":"Dum with geruntur, present passive, gives 'while these things are being done', the ordinary way Latin marks one action running alongside another. Diversa penitus parte, 'in a wholly separate quarter', places that action far away, shifting the narrative to events happening somewhere else."}],"words":[{"surface":"Atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ea","lemma":"is","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"these things"},{"surface":"diversa","lemma":"diuersus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"far away"},{"surface":"penitus","lemma":"penitus","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"far"},{"surface":"dum","lemma":"dum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"parte","lemma":"pars","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"place","gloss":"quarter"},{"surface":"geruntur","lemma":"gero","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative passive","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"are being done"}]},{"number":2,"label":"2","id":"b9-l2","source":"Irim de caelo misit Saturnia Iuno","translation":"Saturn's daughter Juno sent Iris down from the sky","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Irim","lemma":"iris","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"Iris"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"down from"},{"surface":"caelo","lemma":"caelum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"sky"},{"surface":"misit","lemma":"mitto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"sent"},{"surface":"Saturnia","lemma":"saturnius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Saturn's daughter"},{"surface":"Iuno","lemma":"iuno","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Juno"}]},{"number":3,"label":"3","id":"b9-l3","source":"audacem ad Turnum. Luco tum forte parentis","translation":"to bold Turnus. In the grove of his forefather","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"audacem","lemma":"audax","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"bold"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Turnum","lemma":"turnus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"Turnus"},{"surface":"Luco","lemma":"lucus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"place","gloss":"grove"},{"surface":"tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"forte","lemma":"forte","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"by chance"},{"surface":"parentis","lemma":"parens","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of his forefather"}]},{"number":4,"label":"4","id":"b9-l4","source":"Pilumni Turnus sacrata valle sedebat.","translation":"Pilumnus, in a hallowed valley, Turnus happened then to be sitting.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pilumni","lemma":"pilumnus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Pilumnus"},{"surface":"Turnus","lemma":"turnus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Turnus"},{"surface":"sacrata","lemma":"sacro","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"hallowed"},{"surface":"valle","lemma":"ualles","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"place","gloss":"valley, vale"},{"surface":"sedebat","lemma":"sedeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was sitting"}]},{"number":5,"label":"5","id":"b9-l5","source":"Ad quem sic roseo Thaumantias ore locuta est:","translation":"To him the daughter of Thaumas spoke so, with rosy lips:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"quem","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"sic","lemma":"sic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"roseo","lemma":"roseus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"rosy"},{"surface":"Thaumantias","lemma":"thaumantias","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"daughter of Thaumas"},{"surface":"ore","lemma":"os","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with lips"},{"surface":"locuta","lemma":"loquor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular feminine","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke"},{"surface":"est","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"has"}]},{"number":6,"label":"6","id":"b9-l6","source":"“Turne, quod optanti divom promittere nemo","translation":"“Turnus, what none of the gods would have dared to promise you","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Turne","lemma":"turnus","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"Turnus"},{"surface":"quod","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"optanti","lemma":"opto","morphology":"participle, present active dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"wishing"},{"surface":"divom","lemma":"diuus","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"god"},{"surface":"promittere","lemma":"promitto","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to promise"},{"surface":"nemo","lemma":"nemo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"none"}]},{"number":7,"label":"7","id":"b9-l7","source":"auderet, volvenda dies en attulit ultro.","translation":"for the asking, look, the rolling day has brought unasked.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l7.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"volvenda dies","title":"A gerundive used loosely","body":"Volvenda is the gerundive of volvo, 'to roll', normally meaning 'needing to be rolled'. Here it describes dies, 'day', in a looser sense, 'the day that rolls round', an older use close to a middle voice rather than strict obligation."}],"words":[{"surface":"auderet","lemma":"audeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"dared"},{"surface":"volvenda","lemma":"uoluo","morphology":"gerundive, nominative singular feminine","role":"obligation","gloss":"to be rolled"},{"surface":"dies","lemma":"dies","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation","gloss":"look"},{"surface":"attulit","lemma":"affero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"has brought"},{"surface":"ultro","lemma":"ultro","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"unasked"}]},{"number":8,"label":"8","id":"b9-l8","source":"Aeneas urbe et sociis et classe relicta","translation":"Aeneas has left city and comrades and fleet behind","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Aeneas","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Aeneas"},{"surface":"urbe","lemma":"urbs","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"city"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sociis","lemma":"socius","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"comrades"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"classe","lemma":"classis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"fleet"},{"surface":"relicta","lemma":"relinquo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"left behind"}]},{"number":9,"label":"9","id":"b9-l9","source":"sceptra Palatini sedemque petit Euandri.","translation":"and gone after the scepter and the seat of Palatine Evander.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l9.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sceptra","lemma":"sceptrum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"scepters"},{"surface":"Palatini","lemma":"palatinus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Palatine"},{"surface":"sedemque","lemma":"sedes","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"seat"},{"surface":"petit","lemma":"peto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"seeks"},{"surface":"Euandri","lemma":"euander","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Evander"}]},{"number":10,"label":"10","id":"b9-l10","source":"Nec satis: extremas Corythi penetravit ad urbes","translation":"Nor is that enough: he has pushed on to the farthest towns of Corythus","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l10.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"satis","lemma":"satis","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"enough"},{"surface":"extremas","lemma":"extremus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"farthest"},{"surface":"Corythi","lemma":"corythus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Corythus"},{"surface":"penetravit","lemma":"penetro","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"has pushed on"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"urbes","lemma":"urbs","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"towns"}]},{"number":11,"label":"11","id":"b9-l11","source":"Lydorumque manum collectos armat agrestis.","translation":"and is arming a Lydian company, farmhands mustered together.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l11.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Lydorumque","lemma":"lydus","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Lydian"},{"surface":"manum","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"company"},{"surface":"collectos","lemma":"colligo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"mustered"},{"surface":"armat","lemma":"armo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"is arming"},{"surface":"agrestis","lemma":"agrestis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"farmhands"}]},{"number":12,"label":"12","id":"b9-l12","source":"Quid dubitas? Nunc tempus equos, nunc poscere currus.","translation":"Why hang back? Now is the time to call for horses, for chariots.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l12.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Quid","lemma":"quis","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"why"},{"surface":"dubitas","lemma":"dubito","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"do you hang back"},{"surface":"Nunc","lemma":"nunc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"tempus","lemma":"tempus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"equos","lemma":"equus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"horses"},{"surface":"nunc","lemma":"nunc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"poscere","lemma":"posco","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to call for"},{"surface":"currus","lemma":"currus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"chariots"}]},{"number":13,"label":"13","id":"b9-l13","source":"Rumpe moras omnis et turbata arripe castra.”","translation":"Break off every delay and snatch the camp while it is in confusion.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l13.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Rumpe","lemma":"rumpo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"break"},{"surface":"moras","lemma":"mora","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"delay"},{"surface":"omnis","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"turbata","lemma":"turbo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"in confusion"},{"surface":"arripe","lemma":"arripio","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"snatch"},{"surface":"castra","lemma":"castra","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"camp"}]},{"number":14,"label":"14","id":"b9-l14","source":"Dixit et in caelum paribus se sustulit alis","translation":"She spoke, and lifted herself into the sky on level wings","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l14.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dixit","lemma":"dico","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"caelum","lemma":"caelum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"sky"},{"surface":"paribus","lemma":"par","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"level"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"herself"},{"surface":"sustulit","lemma":"tollo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"lifted"},{"surface":"alis","lemma":"ala","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"wings"}]},{"number":15,"label":"15","id":"b9-l15","source":"ingentemque fuga secuit sub nubibus arcum.","translation":"and in her flight cut a huge bow beneath the clouds.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l15.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ingentem arcum","title":"The word for a rainbow","body":"Arcus is 'bow', used here for the arc a rainbow traces, since Iris is the rainbow's messenger. Ingentem, 'huge', describes the shape she cuts through the sky as she flies beneath the clouds."}],"words":[{"surface":"ingentemque","lemma":"ingens","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"huge"},{"surface":"fuga","lemma":"fuga","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in flight"},{"surface":"secuit","lemma":"seco","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"cut"},{"surface":"sub","lemma":"sub","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"beneath"},{"surface":"nubibus","lemma":"nubes","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"clouds"},{"surface":"arcum","lemma":"arcus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"bow"}]},{"number":16,"label":"16","id":"b9-l16","source":"Adgnovit iuvenis duplicisque ad sidera palmas","translation":"The young man knew her, and raised both palms to the stars","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l16.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Adgnovit","lemma":"agnosco","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"iuvenis","lemma":"iuuenis","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"young man"},{"surface":"duplicisque","lemma":"duplex","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"both"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"sidera","lemma":"sidus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"stars"},{"surface":"palmas","lemma":"palma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"palms"}]},{"number":17,"label":"17","id":"b9-l17","source":"sustulit ac tali fugientem est voce secutus:","translation":"and followed her going with a voice like this:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l17.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sustulit","lemma":"tollo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"raised"},{"surface":"ac","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tali","lemma":"talis","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"fugientem","lemma":"fugio","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"going"},{"surface":"est","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"voce","lemma":"uox","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"voice"},{"surface":"secutus","lemma":"sequor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular masculine","role":"main verb","gloss":"followed"}]},{"number":18,"label":"18","id":"b9-l18","source":"“Iri, decus caeli, quis te mihi nubibus actam","translation":"“Iris, glory of the sky, who has driven you through the clouds","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l18.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Iri","lemma":"iris","morphology":"noun, vocative singular feminine","role":"address","gloss":"Iris"},{"surface":"decus","lemma":"decus","morphology":"noun, vocative singular neuter","role":"apposition","gloss":"glory"},{"surface":"caeli","lemma":"caelum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"sky"},{"surface":"quis","lemma":"quis","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"mihi","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"nubibus","lemma":"nubes","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"through the clouds"},{"surface":"actam","lemma":"ago","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"driven"}]},{"number":19,"label":"19","id":"b9-l19","source":"detulit in terras? Unde haec tam clara repente","translation":"and brought you down to me on the earth? Where does this weather come from,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l19.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"detulit","lemma":"defero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"brought down"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"terras","lemma":"terra","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"earth"},{"surface":"Unde","lemma":"unde","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"whence"},{"surface":"haec","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"tam","lemma":"tam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"clara","lemma":"clarus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"bright"},{"surface":"repente","lemma":"repente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"suddenly"}]},{"number":20,"label":"20","id":"b9-l20","source":"tempestas? Medium video discedere caelum","translation":"so suddenly bright? I see the middle sky part open","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l20.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"tempestas","lemma":"tempestas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"weather"},{"surface":"Medium","lemma":"medius","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"middle"},{"surface":"video","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"discedere","lemma":"discedo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"part"},{"surface":"caelum","lemma":"caelum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"sky"}]},{"number":21,"label":"21","id":"b9-l21","source":"palantisque polo stellas. Sequor omina tanta,","translation":"and stars straying over the pole. I follow so great a sign,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l21.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"palantisque","lemma":"palor","morphology":"participle, present active accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"straying"},{"surface":"polo","lemma":"polus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"place","gloss":"pole"},{"surface":"stellas","lemma":"stella","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"stars"},{"surface":"Sequor","lemma":"sequor","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"follow"},{"surface":"omina","lemma":"omen","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"sign"},{"surface":"tanta","lemma":"tantus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"so great"}]},{"number":22,"label":"22","id":"b9-l22","source":"quisquis in arma vocas.” Et sic effatus ad undam","translation":"whoever you are that call me to arms.” And so speaking he went forward","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l22.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quisquis","lemma":"quisquis","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"arma","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"arms"},{"surface":"vocas","lemma":"uoco","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"call"},{"surface":"Et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sic","lemma":"sic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"effatus","lemma":"effor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having spoken"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"undam","lemma":"unda","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"water"}]},{"number":23,"label":"23","id":"b9-l23","source":"processit summoque hausit de gurgite lymphas,","translation":"to the water and drew up a handful from the top of the flood,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l23.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"processit","lemma":"procedo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"went forward"},{"surface":"summoque","lemma":"summus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"top"},{"surface":"hausit","lemma":"haurio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"drew up"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"down from"},{"surface":"gurgite","lemma":"gurges","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"flood"},{"surface":"lymphas","lemma":"lympha","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"waters"}]},{"number":24,"label":"24","id":"b9-l24","source":"multa deos orans, oneravitque aethera votis.","translation":"praying much to the gods, and loaded the air with vows.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l24.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"multa","lemma":"multus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"deos","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"gods"},{"surface":"orans","lemma":"oro","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"praying"},{"surface":"oneravitque","lemma":"onero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"loaded"},{"surface":"aethera","lemma":"aether","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"upper air"},{"surface":"votis","lemma":"uotum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with vows"}]},{"number":25,"label":"25","id":"b9-l25","source":"Iamque omnis campis exercitus ibat apertis,","translation":"And now the whole army was moving over the open fields,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l25.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Iamque","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"and now"},{"surface":"omnis","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"campis","lemma":"campus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"place","gloss":"fields"},{"surface":"exercitus","lemma":"exercitus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"army"},{"surface":"ibat","lemma":"eo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was moving"},{"surface":"apertis","lemma":"apertus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"open"}]},{"number":26,"label":"26","id":"b9-l26","source":"dives equum, dives pictaï vestis et auri;","translation":"rich in horses, rich in embroidered cloth and in gold;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l26.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"pictaï","title":"An archaic genitive spelling","body":"Pictaï is an old genitive singular of the first declension, three syllables where the classical form pictae has two. It agrees with vestis, 'of embroidered cloth', naming what is rich alongside the horses and gold."}],"words":[{"surface":"dives","lemma":"diues","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"rich"},{"surface":"equum","lemma":"equus","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"horses"},{"surface":"dives","lemma":"diues","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"rich"},{"surface":"pictaï","lemma":"pingo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive genitive singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been painted"},{"surface":"vestis","lemma":"uestis","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"cloth"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"auri","lemma":"aurum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"gold"}]},{"number":27,"label":"27","id":"b9-l27","source":"Messapus primas acies, postrema coercent","translation":"Messapus holds the front ranks, the young sons of Tyrrhus","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l27.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Messapus","lemma":"messapus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Messapus"},{"surface":"primas","lemma":"primus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"front"},{"surface":"acies","lemma":"acies","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"ranks"},{"surface":"postrema","lemma":"postremus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"rear"},{"surface":"coercent","lemma":"coerceo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"hold"}]},{"number":28,"label":"28","id":"b9-l28","source":"Tyrrhidae iuvenes, medio dux agmine Turnus,","translation":"the rear; in the middle of the column their leader Turnus,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l28.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tyrrhidae","lemma":"tyrrhidae","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"sons of Tyrrhus"},{"surface":"iuvenes","lemma":"iuuenis","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"young man"},{"surface":"medio","lemma":"medius","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"middle"},{"surface":"dux","lemma":"dux","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"leader"},{"surface":"agmine","lemma":"agmen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"place","gloss":"column of troops"},{"surface":"Turnus","lemma":"turnus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Turnus"}]},{"number":29,"label":"29","id":"b9-l29","source":"vertitur arma tenens et toto vertice supra est.","translation":"moves under arms, and stands a whole head above them.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l29.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"vertitur","lemma":"uerto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"moves"},{"surface":"arma","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"arms"},{"surface":"tenens","lemma":"teneo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"holding"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"toto","lemma":"totus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"vertice","lemma":"uertex","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"supra","lemma":"supra","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"above"},{"surface":"est","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"stands"}]},{"number":30,"label":"30","id":"b9-l30","source":"Ceu septem surgens sedatis amnibus altus","translation":"As when deep Ganges, swelling with his seven quieted streams,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l30.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ceu","lemma":"ceu","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"septem","lemma":"septem","morphology":"numeral","role":"modifier","gloss":"seven"},{"surface":"surgens","lemma":"surgo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"swelling"},{"surface":"sedatis","lemma":"sedo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"quieted"},{"surface":"amnibus","lemma":"amnis","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"streams"},{"surface":"altus","lemma":"altus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"deep"}]},{"number":31,"label":"31","id":"b9-l31","source":"per tacitum Ganges aut pingui flumine Nilus","translation":"goes on in silence, or the Nile, when with his rich flood he flows back","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l31.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"tacitum","lemma":"tacitus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"silent"},{"surface":"Ganges","lemma":"ganges","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Ganges"},{"surface":"aut","lemma":"aut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"pingui","lemma":"pinguis","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"rich"},{"surface":"flumine","lemma":"flumen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with flood"},{"surface":"Nilus","lemma":"nilus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Nile"}]},{"number":32,"label":"32","id":"b9-l32","source":"cum refluit campis et iam se condidit alveo.","translation":"off the fields and has already buried himself in his channel.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l32.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"refluit","lemma":"refluo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"flows back"},{"surface":"campis","lemma":"campus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"place","gloss":"off the fields"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"iam","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"condidit","lemma":"condo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"has buried"},{"surface":"alveo","lemma":"aluus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"place","gloss":"in his channel"}]},{"number":33,"label":"33","id":"b9-l33","source":"Hic subitam nigro glomerari pulvere nubem","translation":"Here the Teucrians look out and see a sudden cloud","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l33.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"subitam","lemma":"subitus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"sudden"},{"surface":"nigro","lemma":"niger","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"black"},{"surface":"glomerari","lemma":"glomero","morphology":"verb, present infinitive passive","role":"infinitive","gloss":"balling up"},{"surface":"pulvere","lemma":"puluis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with dust"},{"surface":"nubem","lemma":"nubes","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"cloud"}]},{"number":34,"label":"34","id":"b9-l34","source":"prospiciunt Teucri ac tenebras insurgere campis.","translation":"balling up in black dust, and darkness rising over the plains.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l34.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"prospiciunt","lemma":"prospicio","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"look ahead"},{"surface":"Teucri","lemma":"teucer","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Teucrians"},{"surface":"ac","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tenebras","lemma":"tenebrae","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"darkness, obscurity"},{"surface":"insurgere","lemma":"insurgo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"rising"},{"surface":"campis","lemma":"campus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"place","gloss":"plains"}]},{"number":35,"label":"35","id":"b9-l35","source":"Primus ab adversa conclamat mole Caicus:","translation":"Caicus first shouts out from the rampart that faces them:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l35.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Primus","lemma":"primus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"ab","lemma":"ab","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"adversa","lemma":"aduersus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"facing"},{"surface":"conclamat","lemma":"conclamo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"shouts out"},{"surface":"mole","lemma":"moles","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"rampart"},{"surface":"Caicus","lemma":"caicus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Caicus"}]},{"number":36,"label":"36","id":"b9-l36","source":"“Quis globus, o cives, caligine volvitur atra?","translation":"“What mass is that, citizens, rolling in the black murk?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l36.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Quis","lemma":"quis","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"globus","lemma":"globus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"mass"},{"surface":"o","lemma":"o","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation","gloss":"oh"},{"surface":"cives","lemma":"ciuis","morphology":"noun, vocative plural masculine","role":"address","gloss":"citizens"},{"surface":"caligine","lemma":"caligo","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"place","gloss":"murk"},{"surface":"volvitur","lemma":"uoluo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"is rolled"},{"surface":"atra","lemma":"ater","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"black"}]},{"number":37,"label":"37","id":"b9-l37","source":"Ferte citi ferrum, date tela, ascendite muros,","translation":"Bring iron, quick; hand up the spears; climb the walls;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l37.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ferte","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"bring"},{"surface":"citi","lemma":"citus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"quickly"},{"surface":"ferrum","lemma":"ferrum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"iron"},{"surface":"date","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"hand up"},{"surface":"tela","lemma":"telum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"spears"},{"surface":"ascendite","lemma":"ascendo","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"climb"},{"surface":"muros","lemma":"murus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"walls"}]},{"number":38,"label":"38","id":"b9-l38","source":"hostis adest, heia!” Ingenti clamore per omnis","translation":"the enemy is on us, up!” With a huge shout the Teucrians","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l38.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"hostis","lemma":"hostis","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"enemy"},{"surface":"adest","lemma":"adsum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"is on us"},{"surface":"heia","lemma":"heia","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"Ingenti","lemma":"ingens","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"huge"},{"surface":"clamore","lemma":"clamor","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"shout"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"omnis","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"every"}]},{"number":39,"label":"39","id":"b9-l39","source":"condunt se Teucri portas et moenia complent.","translation":"pour in through every gate and fill the ramparts.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l39.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"condunt","lemma":"condo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"pour in"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural","role":"object","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"Teucri","lemma":"teucer","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Teucrians"},{"surface":"portas","lemma":"porta","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"gate"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"moenia","lemma":"moenia","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"ramparts"},{"surface":"complent","lemma":"compleo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"fill"}]},{"number":40,"label":"40","id":"b9-l40","source":"Namque ita discedens praeceperat optumus armis","translation":"For so, as he left, the best of men in arms, Aeneas,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l40.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"optumus","title":"An old spelling with u","body":"Optumus is an older spelling of optimus, 'best', with u where classical Latin later wrote i. It describes Aeneas, optumus armis, 'best in arms', as he gives orders before leaving."}],"words":[{"surface":"Namque","lemma":"namque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"for indeed"},{"surface":"ita","lemma":"ita","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"discedens","lemma":"discedo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"leaving"},{"surface":"praeceperat","lemma":"praecipio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"had ordered"},{"surface":"optumus","lemma":"optimus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine, superlative","role":"modifier","gloss":"best"},{"surface":"armis","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in arms"}]},{"number":41,"label":"41","id":"b9-l41","source":"Aeneas: siqua interea fortuna fuisset,","translation":"had ordered it: if anything should happen meanwhile,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l41.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Aeneas","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Aeneas"},{"surface":"siqua","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"interea","lemma":"interea","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"meanwhile"},{"surface":"fortuna","lemma":"fortuna","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"chance"},{"surface":"fuisset","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"should happen"}]},{"number":42,"label":"42","id":"b9-l42","source":"neu struere auderent aciem neu credere campo;","translation":"they were not to dare draw up a line or trust the open field;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l42.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"neu","lemma":"neu","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"struere","lemma":"struo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"draw up"},{"surface":"auderent","lemma":"audeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"they were to dare"},{"surface":"aciem","lemma":"acies","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"battle line"},{"surface":"neu","lemma":"neu","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"credere","lemma":"credo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"trust"},{"surface":"campo","lemma":"campus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"field"}]},{"number":43,"label":"43","id":"b9-l43","source":"castra modo et tutos servarent aggere muros.","translation":"they were only to keep the camp and the walls safe behind the earthwork.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l43.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"castra","lemma":"castra","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"camp"},{"surface":"modo","lemma":"modo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"only just"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tutos","lemma":"tutus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"safe"},{"surface":"servarent","lemma":"seruo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"they were to keep"},{"surface":"aggere","lemma":"agger","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"behind the earthwork"},{"surface":"muros","lemma":"murus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"walls"}]},{"number":44,"label":"44","id":"b9-l44","source":"Ergo etsi conferre manum pudor iraque monstrat,","translation":"So, though shame and anger point them to close with him,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l44.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ergo","lemma":"ergo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"etsi","lemma":"etsi","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"though"},{"surface":"conferre","lemma":"confero","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"close"},{"surface":"manum","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"pudor","lemma":"pudor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"shame"},{"surface":"iraque","lemma":"ira","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"anger"},{"surface":"monstrat","lemma":"monstro","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"points"}]},{"number":45,"label":"45","id":"b9-l45","source":"obiciunt portas tamen et praecepta facessunt","translation":"still they bar the gates and carry out the orders","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l45.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"obiciunt","lemma":"obicio","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"bar"},{"surface":"portas","lemma":"porta","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"gates"},{"surface":"tamen","lemma":"tamen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"praecepta","lemma":"praeceptum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"orders"},{"surface":"facessunt","lemma":"facesso","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"carry out"}]},{"number":46,"label":"46","id":"b9-l46","source":"armatique cavis expectant turribus hostem.","translation":"and wait for the enemy under arms in the hollow towers.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l46.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"armatique","lemma":"armatus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"armed","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"cavis","lemma":"cauus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"hollow"},{"surface":"expectant","lemma":"exspecto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"wait for"},{"surface":"turribus","lemma":"turris","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"place","gloss":"in towers"},{"surface":"hostem","lemma":"hostis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"enemy"}]},{"number":47,"label":"47","id":"b9-l47","source":"Turnus ut ante volans tardum praecesserat agmen","translation":"Turnus, flying ahead, had outrun the slow column","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l47.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Turnus","lemma":"turnus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Turnus"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"ante","lemma":"ante","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"ahead"},{"surface":"volans","lemma":"uolo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"flying"},{"surface":"tardum","lemma":"tardus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"slow"},{"surface":"praecesserat","lemma":"praecedo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"had outrun"},{"surface":"agmen","lemma":"agmen","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"column of troops"}]},{"number":48,"label":"48","id":"b9-l48","source":"viginti lectis equitum comitatus, et urbi","translation":"with twenty picked horsemen for escort, and is at the town","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l48.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"viginti","lemma":"uiginti","morphology":"numeral","role":"modifier","gloss":"twenty"},{"surface":"lectis","lemma":"lego","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"chosen"},{"surface":"equitum","lemma":"eques","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"horsemen"},{"surface":"comitatus","lemma":"comitor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"escorted"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"urbi","lemma":"urbs","morphology":"noun, dative singular feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"town"}]},{"number":49,"label":"49","id":"b9-l49","source":"improvisus adest; maculis quem Thracius albis","translation":"before anyone looks for him; a Thracian horse dappled white","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l49.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"improvisus","lemma":"improuisus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"unlooked-for"},{"surface":"adest","lemma":"adsum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"is here"},{"surface":"maculis","lemma":"macula","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with spots"},{"surface":"quem","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"Thracius","lemma":"thracius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Thracian"},{"surface":"albis","lemma":"albus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"white"}]},{"number":50,"label":"50","id":"b9-l50","source":"portat equus cristaque tegit galea aurea rubra.","translation":"carries him, and a gold helmet with a red crest covers his head.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l50.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"portat","lemma":"porto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"carries"},{"surface":"equus","lemma":"equus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"horse"},{"surface":"cristaque","lemma":"crista","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"crest"},{"surface":"tegit","lemma":"tego","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"covers"},{"surface":"galea","lemma":"galea","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"helmet"},{"surface":"aurea","lemma":"aureus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"golden"},{"surface":"rubra","lemma":"ruber","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"red"}]},{"number":51,"label":"51","id":"b9-l51","source":"“Ecquis erit, mecum, iuvenes, qui primus in hostem?","translation":"“Is there a man of you, young men, to go first at the enemy with me?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l51.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"qui primus in hostem?","title":"A question with no verb in it","body":"Qui primus in hostem drops the verb of motion; Latin can omit ire, 'to go', when the direction is already stated. It is the first thing Turnus says in the book, a shout rather than a full sentence."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ecquis","lemma":"ecquis","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"erit","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"will there be"},{"surface":"mecum","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with me"},{"surface":"iuvenes","lemma":"iuuenis","morphology":"noun, vocative plural masculine","role":"address","gloss":"young men"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"primus","lemma":"primus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"hostem","lemma":"hostis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"enemy"}]},{"number":52,"label":"52","id":"b9-l52","source":"En,” ait et iaculum attorquens emittit in auras,","translation":"There,” he says, and, winding up, sends a javelin into the air,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l52.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"En","lemma":"en","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"ait","lemma":"aio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"says"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"iaculum","lemma":"iaculum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"javelin"},{"surface":"attorquens","lemma":"attorqueo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"winding up"},{"surface":"emittit","lemma":"emitto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"sends"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"auras","lemma":"aura","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"air"}]},{"number":53,"label":"53","id":"b9-l53","source":"principium pugnae, et campo sese arduus infert.","translation":"the opening of the fight, and carries himself high onto the field.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l53.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"principium","lemma":"principium","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"apposition","gloss":"opening"},{"surface":"pugnae","lemma":"pugna","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the fight"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"campo","lemma":"campus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"onto the field"},{"surface":"sese","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"arduus","lemma":"arduus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"high"},{"surface":"infert","lemma":"infero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"carries"}]},{"number":54,"label":"54","id":"b9-l54","source":"Clamore excipiunt socii fremituque sequuntur","translation":"His comrades take it up with a shout and follow him with a roar","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l54.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Clamore","lemma":"clamor","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"shout"},{"surface":"excipiunt","lemma":"excipio","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"take up"},{"surface":"socii","lemma":"socius","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"comrades"},{"surface":"fremituque","lemma":"fremitus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with a roar"},{"surface":"sequuntur","lemma":"sequor","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"follow"}]},{"number":55,"label":"55","id":"b9-l55","source":"horrisono: Teucrum mirantur inertia corda,","translation":"that raises the hair: they marvel at the Teucrians' listless hearts,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l55.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"horrisono","lemma":"horrisonus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"hair-raising"},{"surface":"Teucrum","lemma":"teucer","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Teucrians'"},{"surface":"mirantur","lemma":"miror","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"marvel at"},{"surface":"inertia","lemma":"iners","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"listless"},{"surface":"corda","lemma":"cor","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"hearts"}]},{"number":56,"label":"56","id":"b9-l56","source":"non aequo dare se campo, non obvia ferre","translation":"that these men do not put themselves on level ground, do not carry","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l56.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"aequo","lemma":"aequus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"level"},{"surface":"dare","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"put"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"campo","lemma":"campus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"place","gloss":"on ground"},{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"obvia","lemma":"obuius","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"to meet"},{"surface":"ferre","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to carry"}]},{"number":57,"label":"57","id":"b9-l57","source":"arma viros, sed castra fovere. Huc turbidus atque huc","translation":"their arms out to meet them, but hug the camp. Wildly this way and that","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l57.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"arma","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"arms"},{"surface":"viros","lemma":"uir","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"sed","lemma":"sed","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"castra","lemma":"castra","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"camp"},{"surface":"fovere","lemma":"foueo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"hug"},{"surface":"Huc","lemma":"huc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"this way"},{"surface":"turbidus","lemma":"turbidus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"wild"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"huc","lemma":"huc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"that way"}]},{"number":58,"label":"58","id":"b9-l58","source":"lustrat equo muros aditumque per avia quaerit.","translation":"he rides round the walls and hunts for a way in where there is none.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l58.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"lustrat","lemma":"lustro","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"rides round"},{"surface":"equo","lemma":"equus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"horse"},{"surface":"muros","lemma":"murus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"walls"},{"surface":"aditumque","lemma":"aditus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"way in"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"avia","lemma":"auius","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"trackless places"},{"surface":"quaerit","lemma":"quaero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"hunts for"}]},{"number":59,"label":"59","id":"b9-l59","source":"Ac veluti pleno lupus insidiatus ovili","translation":"And as a wolf lying in wait at a full sheepfold","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l59.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ac","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"veluti","lemma":"uelut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"pleno","lemma":"plenus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"full"},{"surface":"lupus","lemma":"lupus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"wolf"},{"surface":"insidiatus","lemma":"insidior","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"lying in wait"},{"surface":"ovili","lemma":"ouile","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"place","gloss":"sheepfold"}]},{"number":60,"label":"60","id":"b9-l60","source":"cum fremit ad caulas, ventos perpessus et imbris,","translation":"growls at the hurdles, having borne out the winds and the rain,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l60.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"fremit","lemma":"fremo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"growls"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"caulas","lemma":"caulae","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"hurdles"},{"surface":"ventos","lemma":"uentus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"winds"},{"surface":"perpessus","lemma":"perpetior","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having borne"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"imbris","lemma":"imber","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"rain"}]},{"number":61,"label":"61","id":"b9-l61","source":"nocte super media; tuti sub matribus agni","translation":"past the middle of the night; the lambs, safe under their mothers,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l61.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"nocte","lemma":"nox","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"super","lemma":"super","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"media","lemma":"medius","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"middle"},{"surface":"tuti","lemma":"tutus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"safe"},{"surface":"sub","lemma":"sub","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"matribus","lemma":"mater","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"mothers"},{"surface":"agni","lemma":"agnus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"lambs"}]},{"number":62,"label":"62","id":"b9-l62","source":"balatum exercent, ille asper et improbus ira","translation":"keep up their bleating; he, savage and past shame with anger,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l62.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"balatum","lemma":"balatus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"bleating"},{"surface":"exercent","lemma":"exerceo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"keep up"},{"surface":"ille","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"asper","lemma":"asper","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"savage"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"improbus","lemma":"improbus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"past shame"},{"surface":"ira","lemma":"ira","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with anger"}]},{"number":63,"label":"63","id":"b9-l63","source":"saevit in absentis, collecta fatigat edendi","translation":"rages at what he cannot reach; the long-gathered madness","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l63.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"saevit","lemma":"saeuio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"rages"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"absentis","lemma":"absum","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"those out of reach"},{"surface":"collecta","lemma":"colligo","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"long-gathered"},{"surface":"fatigat","lemma":"fatigo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"wears at him"},{"surface":"edendi","lemma":"edo","morphology":"gerund, genitive","role":"verbal noun","gloss":"eating"}]},{"number":64,"label":"64","id":"b9-l64","source":"ex longo rabies et siccae sanguine fauces:","translation":"for eating wears at him, and a throat dry of blood:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l64.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ex","lemma":"ex","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"longo","lemma":"longus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"rabies","lemma":"rabies","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"madness"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"siccae","lemma":"siccus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"dry"},{"surface":"sanguine","lemma":"sanguis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"blood"},{"surface":"fauces","lemma":"faux","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"throat"}]},{"number":65,"label":"65","id":"b9-l65","source":"haud aliter Rutulo muros et castra tuenti","translation":"no otherwise, as the Rutulian looks at the walls and the camp,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l65.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"haud","lemma":"haud","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"aliter","lemma":"aliter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"otherwise"},{"surface":"Rutulo","lemma":"rutulus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"Rutulian"},{"surface":"muros","lemma":"murus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"walls"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"castra","lemma":"castra","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"camp"},{"surface":"tuenti","lemma":"tueor","morphology":"participle, present active dative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"looking at"}]},{"number":66,"label":"66","id":"b9-l66","source":"ignescunt irae, duris dolor ossibus ardet.","translation":"his wrath takes fire, and the pain burns in his hard bones.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l66.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"dolor","title":"A word for grief and pain","body":"Dolor covers both grief and physical pain, and in this poem often names a wound to a person's standing that has not been repaid. Here it burns in Turnus' bones, duris ossibus, 'in his hard bones', alongside his rising anger."}],"words":[{"surface":"ignescunt","lemma":"ignesco","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"take fire"},{"surface":"irae","lemma":"ira","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"wrath"},{"surface":"duris","lemma":"durus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"hard"},{"surface":"dolor","lemma":"dolor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"pain"},{"surface":"ossibus","lemma":"os","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"place","gloss":"bones"},{"surface":"ardet","lemma":"ardeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"burns"}]},{"number":67,"label":"67","id":"b9-l67","source":"Qua temptet ratione aditus et quae via clausos","translation":"By what method should he try for a way in, what road","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l67.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Qua","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"temptet","lemma":"tento","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"should he try"},{"surface":"ratione","lemma":"ratio","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by method"},{"surface":"aditus","lemma":"aditus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"way in"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"via","lemma":"uia","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"road"},{"surface":"clausos","lemma":"claudo","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"shut-in"}]},{"number":68,"label":"68","id":"b9-l68","source":"excutiat Teucros vallo atque effundat in aequum?","translation":"shake the shut-in Teucrians out of the stockade and spill them onto level ground?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l68.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"excutiat","lemma":"excutio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"should shake out"},{"surface":"Teucros","lemma":"teucer","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Teucrians"},{"surface":"vallo","lemma":"uallum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"place","gloss":"out of the stockade"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"effundat","lemma":"effundo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"should spill"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"onto"},{"surface":"aequum","lemma":"aequus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"level ground"}]},{"number":69,"label":"69","id":"b9-l69","source":"Classem, quae lateri castrorum adiuncta latebat,","translation":"The fleet, which lay hidden along the flank of the camp,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l69.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Classem","lemma":"classis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"fleet"},{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"lateri","lemma":"latus","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"flank"},{"surface":"castrorum","lemma":"castra","morphology":"noun, genitive plural neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the camp"},{"surface":"adiuncta","lemma":"adiungo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"joined"},{"surface":"latebat","lemma":"lateo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"lied hidden"}]},{"number":70,"label":"70","id":"b9-l70","source":"aggeribus saeptam circum et fluvialibus undis,","translation":"fenced round with earthworks and with the river's water,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l70.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"aggeribus","lemma":"agger","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with earthworks"},{"surface":"saeptam","lemma":"saepio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"fenced"},{"surface":"circum","lemma":"circum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"round"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fluvialibus","lemma":"fluuialis","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"river"},{"surface":"undis","lemma":"unda","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"water"}]},{"number":71,"label":"71","id":"b9-l71","source":"invadit sociosque incendia poscit ovantis","translation":"he goes for; he calls for fire from his exulting comrades","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l71.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"invadit","lemma":"inuado","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"goes for"},{"surface":"sociosque","lemma":"socius","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"comrades","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"incendia","lemma":"incendium","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"fire"},{"surface":"poscit","lemma":"posco","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"calls for"},{"surface":"ovantis","lemma":"ouo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"exulting"}]},{"number":72,"label":"72","id":"b9-l72","source":"atque manum pinu flagranti fervidus implet.","translation":"and fills his own hand, burning, with a blazing pine-brand.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l72.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"manum","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"pinu","lemma":"pinus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"pine"},{"surface":"flagranti","lemma":"flagro","morphology":"participle, present active ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"blazing"},{"surface":"fervidus","lemma":"feruidus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"burning"},{"surface":"implet","lemma":"impleo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"fills up"}]},{"number":73,"label":"73","id":"b9-l73","source":"Tum vero incumbunt, urget praesentia Turni,","translation":"Then indeed they bend to it, Turnus being there presses them,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l73.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"vero","lemma":"uero","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"incumbunt","lemma":"incumbo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"bend to it"},{"surface":"urget","lemma":"urgeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"presses"},{"surface":"praesentia","lemma":"praesentia","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"presence"},{"surface":"Turni","lemma":"turnus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Turnus"}]},{"number":74,"label":"74","id":"b9-l74","source":"atque omnis facibus pubes accingitur atris.","translation":"and all the young men gird themselves with black torches.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l74.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"omnis","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"facibus","lemma":"fax","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with torches"},{"surface":"pubes","lemma":"pubes","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"young men"},{"surface":"accingitur","lemma":"accingo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"girds itself"},{"surface":"atris","lemma":"ater","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"black"}]},{"number":75,"label":"75","id":"b9-l75","source":"Diripuere focos; piceum fert fumida lumen","translation":"They stripped the hearths; the smoking splint of pine carries a pitchy","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l75.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Diripuere","lemma":"diripio","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"stripped"},{"surface":"focos","lemma":"focus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"hearths"},{"surface":"piceum","lemma":"piceus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"pitchy"},{"surface":"fert","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"carries"},{"surface":"fumida","lemma":"fumidus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"smoking"},{"surface":"lumen","lemma":"lumen","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"light"}]},{"number":76,"label":"76","id":"b9-l76","source":"taeda et commixtam Volcanus ad astra favillam.","translation":"light, and Vulcan sends the ash up mingled with it to the stars.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l76.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"taeda","lemma":"taeda","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"splint"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"commixtam","lemma":"commisceo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having mingled together"},{"surface":"Volcanus","lemma":"uolcanus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Vulcan"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"astra","lemma":"astrum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"stars"},{"surface":"favillam","lemma":"fauilla","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"ash"}]},{"number":77,"label":"77","id":"b9-l77","source":"Quis deus, o musae, tam saeva incendia Teucris","translation":"What god, Muses, turned so cruel a burning away","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l77.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Quis","lemma":"quis","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"deus","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"god"},{"surface":"o","lemma":"o","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation","gloss":"oh"},{"surface":"musae","lemma":"musa","morphology":"noun, vocative plural feminine","role":"address","gloss":"Muses"},{"surface":"tam","lemma":"tam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"saeva","lemma":"saeuus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"cruel"},{"surface":"incendia","lemma":"incendium","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"burning"},{"surface":"Teucris","lemma":"teucer","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"from the Teucrians"}]},{"number":78,"label":"78","id":"b9-l78","source":"avertit? Tantos ratibus quis depulit ignes?","translation":"from the Teucrians? Who drove such fires off from the ships?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l78.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"avertit","lemma":"auerto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"turned away"},{"surface":"Tantos","lemma":"tantus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"ratibus","lemma":"ratis","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"place","gloss":"from the ships"},{"surface":"quis","lemma":"quis","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"depulit","lemma":"depello","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"drove away"},{"surface":"ignes","lemma":"ignis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"fires"}]},{"number":79,"label":"79","id":"b9-l79","source":"Dicite. Prisca fides facto, sed fama perennis.","translation":"Tell it. The warrant for the deed is old, but the story runs on forever.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l79.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Prisca fides facto, sed fama perennis","title":"Old warrant, endless story","body":"Prisca fides facto, sed fama perennis has no verb: 'the belief in the deed is old, but the story is everlasting'. Fides here means the credit given to a report, not personal trust, and fama is what keeps being told about it."}],"words":[{"surface":"Dicite","lemma":"dico","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"tell"},{"surface":"Prisca","lemma":"priscus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"fides","lemma":"fides","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"warrant"},{"surface":"facto","lemma":"factum","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"fact, deed"},{"surface":"sed","lemma":"sed","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"fama","lemma":"fama","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"story"},{"surface":"perennis","lemma":"perennis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"everlasting"}]},{"number":80,"label":"80","id":"b9-l80","source":"Tempore quo primum Phrygia formabat in Ida","translation":"At the time when Aeneas was first shaping his fleet","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l80.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tempore","lemma":"tempus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"quo","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"primum","lemma":"primum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"Phrygia","lemma":"phrygius","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Phrygian"},{"surface":"formabat","lemma":"formo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"was shaping"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"Ida","lemma":"ida","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"Ida"}]},{"number":81,"label":"81","id":"b9-l81","source":"Aeneas classem et pelagi petere alta parabat,","translation":"on Phrygian Ida and making ready to seek the deep sea,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l81.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Aeneas","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Aeneas"},{"surface":"classem","lemma":"classis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"fleet"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"pelagi","lemma":"pelagus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"sea"},{"surface":"petere","lemma":"peto","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to seek"},{"surface":"alta","lemma":"altus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"deep"},{"surface":"parabat","lemma":"paro","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was making ready"}]},{"number":82,"label":"82","id":"b9-l82","source":"ipsa deum fertur genetrix Berecyntia magnum","translation":"the Berecyntian mother of the gods herself, they say, addressed","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l82.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ipsa","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"herself"},{"surface":"deum","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"god"},{"surface":"fertur","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"is said"},{"surface":"genetrix","lemma":"genetrix","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"Berecyntia","lemma":"berecyntius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Berecyntian"},{"surface":"magnum","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"great"}]},{"number":83,"label":"83","id":"b9-l83","source":"vocibus his adfata Iovem: “Da, nate, petenti,","translation":"great Jove in these words: “Grant, my son, what she asks","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l83.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"vocibus","lemma":"uox","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in words"},{"surface":"his","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"adfata","lemma":"affor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular feminine","role":"main verb","gloss":"having addressed"},{"surface":"Iovem","lemma":"iuppiter","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Jove"},{"surface":"Da","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"grant"},{"surface":"nate","lemma":"natus","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"son"},{"surface":"petenti","lemma":"peto","morphology":"participle, present active dative singular feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"asking"}]},{"number":84,"label":"84","id":"b9-l84","source":"quod tua cara parens domito te poscit Olympo.","translation":"who is your dear mother, and asks it of you now Olympus is tamed.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l84.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quod","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"tua","lemma":"tuus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"cara","lemma":"carus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"dear"},{"surface":"parens","lemma":"parens","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"domito","lemma":"domo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"tamed"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"poscit","lemma":"posco","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"asks"},{"surface":"Olympo","lemma":"olympus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"Olympus"}]},{"number":85,"label":"85","id":"b9-l85","source":"Pinea silva mihi, multos dilecta per annos","translation":"I had a pine wood, loved through many years,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l85.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pinea","lemma":"pineus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"pine"},{"surface":"silva","lemma":"silua","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"wood"},{"surface":"mihi","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"multos","lemma":"multus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"dilecta","lemma":"diligo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"loved"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"annos","lemma":"annus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"years"}]},{"number":86,"label":"86","id":"b9-l86","source":"lucus in arce fuit summa, quo sacra ferebant,","translation":"a grove on the highest summit, where they brought me offerings,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l86.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"lucus","lemma":"lucus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"grove"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"arce","lemma":"arx","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"summit"},{"surface":"fuit","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"summa","lemma":"summus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"highest"},{"surface":"quo","lemma":"quo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"where to"},{"surface":"sacra","lemma":"sacer","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"offerings"},{"surface":"ferebant","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"brought"}]},{"number":87,"label":"87","id":"b9-l87","source":"nigranti picea trabibusque obscurus acernis:","translation":"dark with black spruce and with trunks of maple:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l87.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"nigranti","lemma":"nigro","morphology":"participle, present active ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"being black"},{"surface":"picea","lemma":"picea","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"spruce"},{"surface":"trabibusque","lemma":"trabs","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"tree trunk"},{"surface":"obscurus","lemma":"obscurus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"dark"},{"surface":"acernis","lemma":"acernus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"maple"}]},{"number":88,"label":"88","id":"b9-l88","source":"has ego Dardanio iuveni, cum classis egeret,","translation":"gladly I gave these to the Dardanian youth when he needed a fleet;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l88.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"has","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"ego","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"Dardanio","lemma":"dardanius","morphology":"adjective, dative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Dardanian"},{"surface":"iuveni","lemma":"iuuenis","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to the youth"},{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"classis","lemma":"classis","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"fleet"},{"surface":"egeret","lemma":"egeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"needed"}]},{"number":89,"label":"89","id":"b9-l89","source":"laeta dedi; nunc sollicitam timor anxius angit.","translation":"now an anxious fear grips me and will not let me rest.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l89.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"laeta","lemma":"laetus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"glad"},{"surface":"dedi","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 1st singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"gave"},{"surface":"nunc","lemma":"nunc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"sollicitam","lemma":"sollicitus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"anxious"},{"surface":"timor","lemma":"timor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"fear"},{"surface":"anxius","lemma":"anxius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"worried"},{"surface":"angit","lemma":"ango","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"grips"}]},{"number":90,"label":"90","id":"b9-l90","source":"Solve metus atque hoc precibus sine posse parentem:","translation":"Undo my fears; let a mother's prayers have this much power:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l90.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Solve","lemma":"soluo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"undo"},{"surface":"metus","lemma":"metus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"fears"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hoc","lemma":"hic","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"precibus","lemma":"prex","morphology":"noun, dative plural feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"for a mother's prayers"},{"surface":"sine","lemma":"sino","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"let"},{"surface":"posse","lemma":"possum","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"have power"},{"surface":"parentem","lemma":"parens","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"a mother"}]},{"number":91,"label":"91","id":"b9-l91","source":"ne cursu quassatae ullo neu turbine venti","translation":"that no voyage may shake them to pieces, no whirl of wind","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l91.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ne","lemma":"ne","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"that not"},{"surface":"cursu","lemma":"cursus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by voyage"},{"surface":"quassatae","lemma":"quasso","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been shaken"},{"surface":"ullo","lemma":"ullus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"neu","lemma":"neu","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"turbine","lemma":"turbo","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by whirl"},{"surface":"venti","lemma":"uentus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of wind"}]},{"number":92,"label":"92","id":"b9-l92","source":"vincantur, prosit nostris in montibus ortas.”","translation":"beat them down. Let it profit them that they grew on my mountains.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l92.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"vincantur","lemma":"uinco","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present subjunctive passive","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"may be beaten down"},{"surface":"prosit","lemma":"prosum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"command","gloss":"let it profit"},{"surface":"nostris","lemma":"noster","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"montibus","lemma":"mons","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"mountains"},{"surface":"ortas","lemma":"orior","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent accusative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"grown"}]},{"number":93,"label":"93","id":"b9-l93","source":"Filius huic contra, torquet qui sidera mundi:","translation":"Her son answered her, he who turns the stars of the world:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l93.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Filius","lemma":"filius","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"son"},{"surface":"huic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to her"},{"surface":"contra","lemma":"contra","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"in answer"},{"surface":"torquet","lemma":"torqueo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"turns"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"sidera","lemma":"sidus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"stars"},{"surface":"mundi","lemma":"mundus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"world"}]},{"number":94,"label":"94","id":"b9-l94","source":"“O genetrix, quo fata vocas, aut quid petis istis?","translation":"“Mother, where are you calling the fates? What are you asking for these?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l94.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"O","lemma":"o","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation","gloss":"O"},{"surface":"genetrix","lemma":"genetrix","morphology":"noun, vocative singular feminine","role":"address","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"quo","lemma":"quo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"where to"},{"surface":"fata","lemma":"fatum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"fates"},{"surface":"vocas","lemma":"uoco","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"call"},{"surface":"aut","lemma":"aut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"quid","lemma":"quis","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"petis","lemma":"peto","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"are you asking"},{"surface":"istis","lemma":"iste","morphology":"adjective, dative plural feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"for these"}]},{"number":95,"label":"95","id":"b9-l95","source":"Mortaline manu factae immortale carinae","translation":"Are keels made by a mortal hand to have an immortal","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l95.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Mortaline manu factae immortale carinae fas habeant","title":"The particle ne asking a question","body":"The suffix -ne on mortaline turns the sentence into a question, and the subjunctive habeant makes it deliberative, 'are keels to have as their due?' Jupiter asks whether ships built by mortal hands may claim an immortal nature."}],"words":[{"surface":"Mortaline","lemma":"mortalis","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"mortal","note":"-ne attached: marks a question."},{"surface":"manu","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"factae","lemma":"facio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been made"},{"surface":"immortale","lemma":"immortalis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"immortal"},{"surface":"carinae","lemma":"carina","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"keels"}]},{"number":96,"label":"96","id":"b9-l96","source":"fas habeant certusque incerta pericula lustret","translation":"right, and is Aeneas to go safe through dangers that are not safe?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l96.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"fas","lemma":"fas","morphology":"noun, indeclinable","role":"object","gloss":"right"},{"surface":"habeant","lemma":"habeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present subjunctive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"certusque","lemma":"certus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"safe","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"incerta","lemma":"incertus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"unsafe"},{"surface":"pericula","lemma":"periculum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"dangers"},{"surface":"lustret","lemma":"lustro","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"is he to go through"}]},{"number":97,"label":"97","id":"b9-l97","source":"Aeneas? Cui tanta deo permissa potestas?","translation":"What god has ever been allowed so much power?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l97.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Aeneas","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Aeneas"},{"surface":"Cui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to what"},{"surface":"tanta","lemma":"tantus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"so much"},{"surface":"deo","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"god"},{"surface":"permissa","lemma":"permitto","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"allowed"},{"surface":"potestas","lemma":"potestas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"power"}]},{"number":98,"label":"98","id":"b9-l98","source":"Immo ubi defunctae finem portusque tenebunt","translation":"No: rather, when they are done with the sea and hold at last","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l98.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Immo","lemma":"immo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"no indeed"},{"surface":"ubi","lemma":"ubi","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"defunctae","lemma":"defungor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having had done with"},{"surface":"finem","lemma":"finis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"end"},{"surface":"portusque","lemma":"portus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"harbors"},{"surface":"tenebunt","lemma":"teneo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural future indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"will hold"}]},{"number":99,"label":"99","id":"b9-l99","source":"Ausonios olim, quaecumque evaserit undis","translation":"their end and the Ausonian harbors, whichever has come through the waves","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l99.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ausonios","lemma":"ausonius","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Ausonian"},{"surface":"olim","lemma":"olim","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at last"},{"surface":"quaecumque","lemma":"quicumque","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"whichever"},{"surface":"evaserit","lemma":"euado","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular future perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"has come through"},{"surface":"undis","lemma":"unda","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"waves"}]},{"number":100,"label":"100","id":"b9-l100","source":"Dardaniumque ducem Laurentia vexerit arva,","translation":"and carried the Dardanian leader to Laurentian fields,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l100.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dardaniumque","lemma":"dardanius","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Dardanian","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"ducem","lemma":"dux","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"leader"},{"surface":"Laurentia","lemma":"laurentius","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"Laurentian"},{"surface":"vexerit","lemma":"ueho","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular future perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"has carried"},{"surface":"arva","lemma":"aruum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"fields"}]},{"number":101,"label":"101","id":"b9-l101","source":"mortalem eripiam formam magnique iubebo","translation":"I will take her mortal shape away, and order her to be a goddess","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l101.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"mortalem","lemma":"mortalis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"mortal"},{"surface":"eripiam","lemma":"eripio","morphology":"verb, 1st singular future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"will snatch away"},{"surface":"formam","lemma":"forma","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"shape"},{"surface":"magnique","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"iubebo","lemma":"iubeo","morphology":"verb, 1st singular future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"will order"}]},{"number":102,"label":"102","id":"b9-l102","source":"aequoris esse deas, qualis Nereia Doto","translation":"of the great water, as Doto the daughter of Nereus","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l102.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"aequoris","lemma":"aequor","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the water"},{"surface":"esse","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to be"},{"surface":"deas","lemma":"dea","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"goddess"},{"surface":"qualis","lemma":"qualis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"Nereia","lemma":"nereius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"daughter of Nereus"},{"surface":"Doto","lemma":"doto","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Doto"}]},{"number":103,"label":"103","id":"b9-l103","source":"et Galatea secant spumantem pectore pontum.”","translation":"and Galatea cut the foaming sea with their breasts.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l103.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Galatea","lemma":"galatea","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Galatea"},{"surface":"secant","lemma":"seco","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"cut"},{"surface":"spumantem","lemma":"spumo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"foaming"},{"surface":"pectore","lemma":"pectus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with breast"},{"surface":"pontum","lemma":"pontus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"sea"}]},{"number":104,"label":"104","id":"b9-l104","source":"Dixerat idque ratum Stygii per flumina fratris,","translation":"He had spoken; and he made it binding by the rivers of his Stygian brother,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l104.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dixerat","lemma":"dico","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"had spoken"},{"surface":"idque","lemma":"is","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ratum","lemma":"ratus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"predicate","gloss":"binding"},{"surface":"Stygii","lemma":"stygius","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Stygian"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"flumina","lemma":"flumen","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"rivers"},{"surface":"fratris","lemma":"frater","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"brother"}]},{"number":105,"label":"105","id":"b9-l105","source":"per pice torrentis atraque voragine ripas","translation":"by the banks that boil with pitch and by the black chasm,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l105.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"pice","lemma":"pix","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with pitch"},{"surface":"torrentis","lemma":"torreo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"boiling"},{"surface":"atraque","lemma":"ater","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"black"},{"surface":"voragine","lemma":"uorago","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with chasm"},{"surface":"ripas","lemma":"ripa","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"banks"}]},{"number":106,"label":"106","id":"b9-l106","source":"adnuit et totum nutu tremefecit Olympum.","translation":"he nodded, and with the nod made the whole of Olympus tremble.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l106.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"adnuit","lemma":"annuo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"nodded"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"totum","lemma":"totus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"nutu","lemma":"nutus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"nod"},{"surface":"tremefecit","lemma":"tremefacio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"caused to tremble"},{"surface":"Olympum","lemma":"olympus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Olympus"}]},{"number":107,"label":"107","id":"b9-l107","source":"Ergo aderat promissa dies et tempora Parcae","translation":"So the promised day was here, and the Fates had filled out","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l107.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ergo","lemma":"ergo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"aderat","lemma":"adsum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was here"},{"surface":"promissa","lemma":"promitto","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"promised"},{"surface":"dies","lemma":"dies","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tempora","lemma":"tempus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"Parcae","lemma":"parca","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Fates"}]},{"number":108,"label":"108","id":"b9-l108","source":"debita complerant, cum Turni iniuria Matrem","translation":"the time that was owed, when Turnus' outrage warned the Mother","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l108.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"debita","lemma":"debeo","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"owed"},{"surface":"complerant","lemma":"compleo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural pluperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"filled"},{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"Turni","lemma":"turnus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Turnus"},{"surface":"iniuria","lemma":"iniuria","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"outrage"},{"surface":"Matrem","lemma":"mater","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"mother"}]},{"number":109,"label":"109","id":"b9-l109","source":"admonuit ratibus sacris depellere taedas.","translation":"to drive the torches away from her sacred ships.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l109.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"admonuit","lemma":"admoneo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"warned"},{"surface":"ratibus","lemma":"ratis","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"place","gloss":"from ships"},{"surface":"sacris","lemma":"sacer","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"sacred"},{"surface":"depellere","lemma":"depello","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to drive away"},{"surface":"taedas","lemma":"taeda","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"pine torch"}]},{"number":110,"label":"110","id":"b9-l110","source":"Hic primum nova lux oculis offulsit et ingens","translation":"Here first a strange light flashed on their eyes, and a huge cloud","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l110.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"nova lux","title":"Novus meaning strange, not new","body":"Novus usually means 'new', but here with lux it carries the sense 'strange, unprecedented', a light like nothing seen before. The same phrase, nova lux, returns at line 731, when Turnus appears inside the camp."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"primum","lemma":"primum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"nova","lemma":"nouus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"strange"},{"surface":"lux","lemma":"lux","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"light"},{"surface":"oculis","lemma":"oculus","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"on their eyes"},{"surface":"offulsit","lemma":"offulgeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"flashed"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ingens","lemma":"ingens","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"huge"}]},{"number":111,"label":"111","id":"b9-l111","source":"visus ab Aurora caelum transcurrere nimbus","translation":"was seen running across the sky from the quarter of Dawn,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l111.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"visus","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"main verb","gloss":"was seen"},{"surface":"ab","lemma":"ab","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"Aurora","lemma":"aurora","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"Dawn"},{"surface":"caelum","lemma":"caelum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"sky"},{"surface":"transcurrere","lemma":"transcurro","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to run across"},{"surface":"nimbus","lemma":"nimbus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"storm cloud"}]},{"number":112,"label":"112","id":"b9-l112","source":"Idaeique chori; tum vox horrenda per auras","translation":"and the dancers of Ida with it; then a dreadful voice fell","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l112.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Idaeique","lemma":"idaeus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Idaean","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"chori","lemma":"chorus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"dances"},{"surface":"tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"vox","lemma":"uox","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"voice"},{"surface":"horrenda","lemma":"horrendus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"dreadful"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"auras","lemma":"aura","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"air"}]},{"number":113,"label":"113","id":"b9-l113","source":"excidit et Troum Rutulorumque agmina complet:","translation":"through the air and filled the columns of Trojans and Rutulians:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l113.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"excidit","lemma":"excido","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"fell"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Troum","lemma":"troes","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of Trojans"},{"surface":"Rutulorumque","lemma":"rutuli","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Rutulians"},{"surface":"agmina","lemma":"agmen","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"column of troops"},{"surface":"complet","lemma":"compleo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"fills"}]},{"number":114,"label":"114","id":"b9-l114","source":"“Ne trepidate meas, Teucri, defendere navis","translation":"“Do not rush to the defense of my ships, Teucrians,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l114.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ne","lemma":"ne","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"trepidate","lemma":"trepido","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"rush"},{"surface":"meas","lemma":"meus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"Teucri","lemma":"teucer","morphology":"noun, vocative plural masculine","role":"address","gloss":"Teucrians"},{"surface":"defendere","lemma":"defendo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to defend"},{"surface":"navis","lemma":"nauis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"ships"}]},{"number":115,"label":"115","id":"b9-l115","source":"neve armate manus: maria ante exurere Turno","translation":"and do not arm your hands: Turnus will be given the sea","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l115.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"neve","lemma":"neue","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and do not"},{"surface":"armate","lemma":"armo","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"arm"},{"surface":"manus","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"hands"},{"surface":"maria","lemma":"mare","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"seas"},{"surface":"ante","lemma":"ante","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"exurere","lemma":"exuro","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to burn out"},{"surface":"Turno","lemma":"turnus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to Turnus"}]},{"number":116,"label":"116","id":"b9-l116","source":"quam sacras dabitur pinus. Vos ite solutae,","translation":"to burn before he is given my holy pines. You, go free,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l116.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"maria ante exurere Turno quam sacras dabitur pinus","title":"A future passive with no subject","body":"Dabitur is an impersonal future passive, 'it will be granted', with no expressed subject: 'it will be granted to Turnus to burn'. The clause names the seas before the sacras pinus, 'the sacred pines', reversing the order of what is actually wanted."}],"words":[{"surface":"quam","lemma":"quam","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"sacras","lemma":"sacer","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"holy"},{"surface":"dabitur","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular future indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"it will be granted"},{"surface":"pinus","lemma":"pinus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"pines"},{"surface":"Vos","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"ite","lemma":"eo","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"solutae","lemma":"soluo","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"free"}]},{"number":117,"label":"117","id":"b9-l117","source":"ite deae pelagi: genetrix iubet.” Et sua quaeque","translation":"go, goddesses of the water: your mother orders it.” And at once","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l117.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ite","lemma":"eo","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"deae","lemma":"dea","morphology":"noun, vocative plural feminine","role":"address","gloss":"goddesses"},{"surface":"pelagi","lemma":"pelagus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the water"},{"surface":"genetrix","lemma":"genetrix","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"iubet","lemma":"iubeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"orders"},{"surface":"Et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sua","lemma":"suus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"his own"},{"surface":"quaeque","lemma":"quisque","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"each"}]},{"number":118,"label":"118","id":"b9-l118","source":"continuo puppes abrumpunt vincula ripis","translation":"each ship breaks her own cables from the bank","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l118.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"continuo","lemma":"continuo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"puppes","lemma":"puppis","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"ships"},{"surface":"abrumpunt","lemma":"abrumpo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"break"},{"surface":"vincula","lemma":"uinculum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"cables"},{"surface":"ripis","lemma":"ripa","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"place","gloss":"banks"}]},{"number":119,"label":"119","id":"b9-l119","source":"delphinumque modo demersis aequora rostris","translation":"and, dolphin-fashion, plunges her beak and makes for the lowest","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l119.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"delphinumque","lemma":"delphin","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"dolphins"},{"surface":"modo","lemma":"modus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in the fashion"},{"surface":"demersis","lemma":"demergo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"plunged"},{"surface":"aequora","lemma":"aequor","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"seas"},{"surface":"rostris","lemma":"rostrum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"beaks"}]},{"number":120,"label":"120","id":"b9-l120","source":"ima petunt. Hinc virgineae (mirabile monstrum)","translation":"floor of the sea. Then, in a girl's shape (a wonder to tell)","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l120.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"mirabile monstrum","title":"Monstrum as a sign shown","body":"Monstrum comes from moneo, 'to warn', something shown as a sign, only later 'monster' in English. Vergil uses the word both for the sea serpents at Troy and here, for a fleet of ships turning into girls."}],"words":[{"surface":"ima","lemma":"imus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"lowest"},{"surface":"petunt","lemma":"peto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"make for"},{"surface":"Hinc","lemma":"hinc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"virgineae","lemma":"uirgineus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"girl's"},{"surface":"mirabile","lemma":"mirabilis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"wonderful"},{"surface":"monstrum","lemma":"monstrum","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"apposition","gloss":"wonder"}]},{"number":121,"label":"121","id":"b9-l121","source":"quot prius aeratae steterant ad litora prorae","translation":"as many faces come back as there were bronze prows standing","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l121.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quot","lemma":"quot","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"as many as"},{"surface":"prius","lemma":"prius","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"aeratae","lemma":"aeratus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"bronze"},{"surface":"steterant","lemma":"sto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural pluperfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"litora","lemma":"litus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"shore"},{"surface":"prorae","lemma":"prora","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"prows"}]},{"number":122,"label":"122","id":"b9-l122","source":"reddunt se totidem facies pontoque feruntur.","translation":"before at the shore, and they are carried out over the deep.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l122.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"reddunt","lemma":"reddo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"give back"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"totidem","lemma":"totidem","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"as many"},{"surface":"facies","lemma":"facies","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"faces"},{"surface":"pontoque","lemma":"pontus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"place","gloss":"sea"},{"surface":"feruntur","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"are carried"}]},{"number":123,"label":"123","id":"b9-l123","source":"Obstipuere animis Rutuli, conterritus ipse","translation":"The Rutulians stood stunned; Messapus himself was in terror,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l123.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Obstipuere","lemma":"obstipesco","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"stood stunned"},{"surface":"animis","lemma":"animus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"minds"},{"surface":"Rutuli","lemma":"rutuli","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Rutulians"},{"surface":"conterritus","lemma":"conterreo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"thoroughly terrified"},{"surface":"ipse","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"himself"}]},{"number":124,"label":"124","id":"b9-l124","source":"turbatis Messapus equis, cunctatur et amnis","translation":"his horses in panic; and the river checks, harsh-sounding,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l124.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"turbatis","lemma":"turbo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"in panic"},{"surface":"Messapus","lemma":"messapus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Messapus"},{"surface":"equis","lemma":"equus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"horses"},{"surface":"cunctatur","lemma":"cunctor","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"checks"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"amnis","lemma":"amnis","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"river"}]},{"number":125,"label":"125","id":"b9-l125","source":"rauca sonans revocatque pedem Tiberinus ab alto.","translation":"and Tiberinus draws his foot back from the deep.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l125.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"rauca","lemma":"raucus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"hoarsely"},{"surface":"sonans","lemma":"sono","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"sounding"},{"surface":"revocatque","lemma":"reuoco","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"calls back"},{"surface":"pedem","lemma":"pes","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"foot"},{"surface":"Tiberinus","lemma":"tiberinus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Tiberinus"},{"surface":"ab","lemma":"ab","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"alto","lemma":"altum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"deep"}]},{"number":126,"label":"126","id":"b9-l126","source":"At non audaci Turno fiducia cessit;","translation":"But confidence did not fail bold Turnus;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l126.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"At","lemma":"at","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"audaci","lemma":"audax","morphology":"adjective, dative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"bold"},{"surface":"Turno","lemma":"turnus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"Turnus"},{"surface":"fiducia","lemma":"fiducia","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"confidence"},{"surface":"cessit","lemma":"cedo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"failed"}]},{"number":127,"label":"127","id":"b9-l127","source":"ultro animos tollit dictis atque increpat ultro:","translation":"unasked he lifts their spirits with words, unasked he rebukes them:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l127.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ultro ... ultro","title":"Unasked, twice","body":"Ultro, 'unasked, of his own accord', opens and closes the line: ultro tollit, 'unasked he lifts', and increpat ultro, 'unasked he rebukes'. Nobody has asked Turnus for either the encouragement or the scolding he gives here."}],"words":[{"surface":"ultro","lemma":"ultro","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"unasked"},{"surface":"animos","lemma":"animus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"spirits"},{"surface":"tollit","lemma":"tollo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"lifts"},{"surface":"dictis","lemma":"dictum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"increpat","lemma":"increpo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"rebukes"},{"surface":"ultro","lemma":"ultro","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"unasked"}]},{"number":128,"label":"128","id":"b9-l128","source":"“Troianos haec monstra petunt, his Iuppiter ipse","translation":"“These portents are aimed at the Trojans; Jupiter himself","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l128.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Troianos","lemma":"troianus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Trojans"},{"surface":"haec","lemma":"hic","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"monstra","lemma":"monstrum","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"portents"},{"surface":"petunt","lemma":"peto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"are aimed at"},{"surface":"his","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"from them"},{"surface":"Iuppiter","lemma":"iuppiter","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Jupiter"},{"surface":"ipse","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"himself"}]},{"number":129,"label":"129","id":"b9-l129","source":"auxilium solitum eripuit, non tela neque ignes","translation":"has torn from them the help they always had, the ships did not wait","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l129.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"auxilium","lemma":"auxilium","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"help"},{"surface":"solitum","lemma":"soleo","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"accustomed"},{"surface":"eripuit","lemma":"eripio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"snatched away"},{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"tela","lemma":"telum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"spears"},{"surface":"neque","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"ignes","lemma":"ignis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"fires"}]},{"number":130,"label":"130","id":"b9-l130","source":"exspectans Rutulos. Ergo maria invia Teucris","translation":"for Rutulian spears or fire. So the seas are closed to the Teucrians,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l130.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"exspectans","lemma":"exspecto","morphology":"participle, present active nominative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"waiting for"},{"surface":"Rutulos","lemma":"rutuli","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Rutulians"},{"surface":"Ergo","lemma":"ergo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"maria","lemma":"mare","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"seas"},{"surface":"invia","lemma":"inuius","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural neuter","role":"predicate","gloss":"impassable"},{"surface":"Teucris","lemma":"teucer","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to the Teucrians"}]},{"number":131,"label":"131","id":"b9-l131","source":"nec spes ulla fugae: rerum pars altera adempta est.","translation":"and no hope of flight is left: half the world has been taken from them.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l131.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and no"},{"surface":"spes","lemma":"spes","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"hope"},{"surface":"ulla","lemma":"ullus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"fugae","lemma":"fuga","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of flight"},{"surface":"rerum","lemma":"res","morphology":"noun, genitive plural feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the world"},{"surface":"pars","lemma":"pars","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"half"},{"surface":"altera","lemma":"alter","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"adempta","lemma":"adimo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"taken away"},{"surface":"est","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"has been"}]},{"number":132,"label":"132","id":"b9-l132","source":"Terra autem in nostris manibus, tot milia gentes","translation":"The land, though, is in our hands; so many thousand Italian peoples","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l132.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Terra","lemma":"terra","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"land"},{"surface":"autem","lemma":"autem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"nostris","lemma":"noster","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"our"},{"surface":"manibus","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"hands"},{"surface":"tot","lemma":"tot","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"so many"},{"surface":"milia","lemma":"mille","morphology":"numeral, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"thousand"},{"surface":"gentes","lemma":"gens","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"apposition","gloss":"peoples"}]},{"number":133,"label":"133","id":"b9-l133","source":"arma ferunt Italae. Nil me fatalia terrent,","translation":"are carrying arms. Whatever answers of the gods the Phrygians","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l133.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"arma","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"arms"},{"surface":"ferunt","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"carry"},{"surface":"Italae","lemma":"italus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Italian"},{"surface":"Nil","lemma":"nihil","morphology":"noun, indeclinable","role":"adverbial","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"fatalia","lemma":"fatalis","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"fated"},{"surface":"terrent","lemma":"terreo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"frighten"}]},{"number":134,"label":"134","id":"b9-l134","source":"siqua Phryges prae se iactant, responsa deorum:","translation":"brandish in front of themselves, they do not frighten me at all:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l134.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"siqua","lemma":"siquis","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"whatever"},{"surface":"Phryges","lemma":"phryges","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Phrygians"},{"surface":"prae","lemma":"prae","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"iactant","lemma":"iacto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"boast"},{"surface":"responsa","lemma":"responsum","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"responses"},{"surface":"deorum","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"gods"}]},{"number":135,"label":"135","id":"b9-l135","source":"sat fatis Venerique datum, tetigere quod arva","translation":"enough has been given to the fates and to Venus: the Trojans have touched","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l135.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sat","lemma":"sat","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"enough"},{"surface":"fatis","lemma":"fatum","morphology":"noun, dative plural neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"fates"},{"surface":"Venerique","lemma":"uenus","morphology":"noun, dative singular feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"Venus"},{"surface":"datum","lemma":"do","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular neuter","role":"predicate","gloss":"having been given"},{"surface":"tetigere","lemma":"tango","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"touched"},{"surface":"quod","lemma":"quod","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"arva","lemma":"aruum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"fields"}]},{"number":136,"label":"136","id":"b9-l136","source":"fertilis Ausoniae Troes. Sunt et mea contra","translation":"the fields of fertile Ausonia. I have fates of my own,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l136.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"fertilis","lemma":"fertilis","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"fertile"},{"surface":"Ausoniae","lemma":"ausonia","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Ausonia"},{"surface":"Troes","lemma":"troes","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Trojans"},{"surface":"Sunt","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"mea","lemma":"meus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"contra","lemma":"contra","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"in answer"}]},{"number":137,"label":"137","id":"b9-l137","source":"fata mihi, ferro sceleratam exscindere gentem,","translation":"set against theirs: to cut a criminal race out with iron","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l137.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Sunt et mea contra fata mihi","title":"Fates of his own","body":"Fata are the things that have been spoken, the settled order the gods have declared, most often the fate that assigns Italy to the Trojans. Turnus answers with sunt et mea fata mihi, 'I too have fates of my own', claiming an equal set."}],"words":[{"surface":"fata","lemma":"fatum","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"fates"},{"surface":"mihi","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"ferro","lemma":"ferrum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"iron"},{"surface":"sceleratam","lemma":"scelero","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"criminal"},{"surface":"exscindere","lemma":"exscindo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to cut out"},{"surface":"gentem","lemma":"gens","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"race"}]},{"number":138,"label":"138","id":"b9-l138","source":"coniuge praerepta: nec solos tangit Atridas","translation":"for stealing my bride. That pain does not touch the sons of Atreus","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l138.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"coniuge","lemma":"coniunx","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"bride"},{"surface":"praerepta","lemma":"praeripio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"snatched away"},{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"solos","lemma":"solus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"tangit","lemma":"tango","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"touches"},{"surface":"Atridas","lemma":"atrides","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"sons of Atreus"}]},{"number":139,"label":"139","id":"b9-l139","source":"iste dolor solisque licet capere arma Mycenis.","translation":"alone, and Mycenae alone is not the only city allowed to take up arms.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l139.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"iste","lemma":"iste","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"dolor","lemma":"dolor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"pain"},{"surface":"solisque","lemma":"solus","morphology":"adjective, dative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"licet","lemma":"licet","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"allows"},{"surface":"capere","lemma":"capio","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to take"},{"surface":"arma","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"arms"},{"surface":"Mycenis","lemma":"mycenae","morphology":"noun, dative plural feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to Mycenae"}]},{"number":140,"label":"140","id":"b9-l140","source":"Sed periisse semel satis est: peccare fuisset","translation":"‘But to have perished once is enough.’ To have sinned once before","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l140.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Sed periisse semel satis est: peccare fuisset ante satis","title":"A hard three lines","body":"This sentence is compressed enough that editors disagree on its sense. The likeliest reading: it was enough for the Trojans to have sinned once, over one stolen woman. We translate that sense and mark the difficulty rather than smoothing it over."}],"words":[{"surface":"Sed","lemma":"sed","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"periisse","lemma":"pereo","morphology":"verb, perfect infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to perish"},{"surface":"semel","lemma":"semel","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"once"},{"surface":"satis","lemma":"satis","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"enough"},{"surface":"est","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"peccare","lemma":"pecco","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to have sinned"},{"surface":"fuisset","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect subjunctive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"would have been"}]},{"number":141,"label":"141","id":"b9-l141","source":"ante satis penitus modo non genus omne perosos","translation":"should have been enough, for men who all but utterly loathe","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l141.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ante","lemma":"ante","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"satis","lemma":"satis","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"enough"},{"surface":"penitus","lemma":"penitus","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"utterly"},{"surface":"modo","lemma":"modo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"only just"},{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"genus","lemma":"genus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"race"},{"surface":"omne","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"perosos","lemma":"perosus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"detesting"}]},{"number":142,"label":"142","id":"b9-l142","source":"femineum. Quibus haec medii fiducia valli","translation":"the whole race of women. Men to whom this trust in the rampart between us,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l142.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"femineum","lemma":"femineus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"of women"},{"surface":"Quibus","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"haec","lemma":"hic","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"medii","lemma":"medius","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"middle"},{"surface":"fiducia","lemma":"fiducia","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"trust"},{"surface":"valli","lemma":"uallum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the rampart"}]},{"number":143,"label":"143","id":"b9-l143","source":"fossarumque morae, leti discrimina parva,","translation":"and the ditches' delay, thin margins against death,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l143.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"fossarumque","lemma":"fossa","morphology":"noun, genitive plural feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the ditches"},{"surface":"morae","lemma":"mora","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"delays"},{"surface":"leti","lemma":"letum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"death"},{"surface":"discrimina","lemma":"discrimen","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"apposition","gloss":"margins"},{"surface":"parva","lemma":"paruus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"thin"}]},{"number":144,"label":"144","id":"b9-l144","source":"dant animos. At non viderunt moenia Troiae","translation":"give courage. But did they not see the walls of Troy,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l144.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"dant","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"give"},{"surface":"animos","lemma":"animus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"courage"},{"surface":"At","lemma":"at","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"viderunt","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"did they see"},{"surface":"moenia","lemma":"moenia","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"walls"},{"surface":"Troiae","lemma":"troia","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Troy"}]},{"number":145,"label":"145","id":"b9-l145","source":"Neptuni fabricata manu considere in ignis?","translation":"made by Neptune's own hand, go down into the fire?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l145.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Neptuni","lemma":"neptunus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Neptune's"},{"surface":"fabricata","lemma":"fabrico","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"manu","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"considere","lemma":"consido","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to sit down"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"ignis","lemma":"ignis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"fire"}]},{"number":146,"label":"146","id":"b9-l146","source":"“Sed vos, o lecti, ferro qui scindere vallum","translation":"But you, my chosen men, which of you is ready to cut the stockade open","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l146.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"sed vos, o lecti, ferro qui scindere vallum apparat","title":"Plural address, singular verbs","body":"Turnus addresses o lecti, 'chosen men', a plural noun, but continues with singular verbs, apparat and invadit. The grammar shifts mid-sentence, a construction called anacoluthon; some editors mark a gap in the text here, and we keep the shift as Vergil left it."}],"words":[{"surface":"Sed","lemma":"sed","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"o","lemma":"o","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation","gloss":"oh"},{"surface":"lecti","lemma":"lectus","morphology":"noun, vocative plural masculine","role":"address","gloss":"chosen men"},{"surface":"ferro","lemma":"ferrum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"iron"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"scindere","lemma":"scindo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to cut"},{"surface":"vallum","lemma":"uallum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"stockade"}]},{"number":147,"label":"147","id":"b9-l147","source":"apparat et mecum invadit trepidantia castra.”","translation":"with iron and rush that shaking camp at my side?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l147.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"apparat","lemma":"apparo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"appears"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"mecum","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with me"},{"surface":"invadit","lemma":"inuado","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"rush"},{"surface":"trepidantia","lemma":"trepido","morphology":"participle, present active accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"shaking"},{"surface":"castra","lemma":"castra","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"camp"}]},{"number":148,"label":"148","id":"b9-l148","source":"Non armis mihi Volcani, non mille carinis","translation":"I have no need of Vulcan's armor against the Teucrians,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l148.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"armis","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"armor"},{"surface":"mihi","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"Volcani","lemma":"uolcanus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Vulcan's"},{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"mille","lemma":"mille","morphology":"numeral, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"thousand"},{"surface":"carinis","lemma":"carina","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"keels"}]},{"number":149,"label":"149","id":"b9-l149","source":"est opus in Teucros; addant se protinus omnes","translation":"nor of a thousand keels; let every Etruscan join himself","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l149.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"est","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"opus","lemma":"opus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"need"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Teucros","lemma":"teucer","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"Teucrians"},{"surface":"addant","lemma":"addo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present subjunctive active","role":"command","gloss":"let them join"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"protinus","lemma":"protinus","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"this minute"},{"surface":"omnes","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"every"}]},{"number":150,"label":"150","id":"b9-l150","source":"Etrusci socios, tenebras et inertia furta","translation":"to them as an ally this minute. Let them fear no darkness, no coward's","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l150.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Etrusci","lemma":"etrusci","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Etrusci"},{"surface":"socios","lemma":"socius","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"allies"},{"surface":"tenebras","lemma":"tenebrae","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"darkness, obscurity"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"inertia","lemma":"iners","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"coward's"},{"surface":"furta","lemma":"furtum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"thefts"}]},{"number":151,"label":"151","id":"b9-l151","source":"Palladii caesis summae custodibus arcis","translation":"theft of the Palladium with the citadel's high guards cut down;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l151.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Palladii","lemma":"palladium","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the Palladium"},{"surface":"caesis","lemma":"caedo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"cut down"},{"surface":"summae","lemma":"summus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"highest"},{"surface":"custodibus","lemma":"custos","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"guards"},{"surface":"arcis","lemma":"arx","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"citadel"}]},{"number":152,"label":"152","id":"b9-l152","source":"ne timeant, nec equi caeca condemur in alvo:","translation":"nor shall we be shut away in the blind belly of a horse:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l152.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ne","lemma":"ne","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"timeant","lemma":"timeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present subjunctive active","role":"command","gloss":"fear"},{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"equi","lemma":"equus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of a horse"},{"surface":"caeca","lemma":"caecus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"blind"},{"surface":"condemur","lemma":"condo","morphology":"verb, 1st plural present subjunctive passive","role":"command","gloss":"let us be shut away"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"alvo","lemma":"aluus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"belly"}]},{"number":153,"label":"153","id":"b9-l153","source":"luce palam certum est igni circumdare muros.","translation":"it is settled: openly, in daylight, to put fire round their walls.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l153.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"luce","lemma":"lux","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in daylight"},{"surface":"palam","lemma":"palam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"openly"},{"surface":"certum","lemma":"certus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular neuter","role":"predicate","gloss":"settled"},{"surface":"est","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"igni","lemma":"ignis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"fire"},{"surface":"circumdare","lemma":"circumdo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to put round"},{"surface":"muros","lemma":"murus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"walls"}]},{"number":154,"label":"154","id":"b9-l154","source":"Haud sibi cum Danais rem faxo et pube Pelasga","translation":"I will see to it that they do not say they have Danaans to deal with,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l154.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"faxo","title":"An archaic future perfect","body":"Faxo is an old future perfect of facio, 'I will have done', kept alive in comedy and oaths after ordinary prose dropped it. Vergil puts it only here in Turnus' mouth, where it carries a more swaggering certainty than the regular fecero."}],"words":[{"surface":"Haud","lemma":"haud","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"sibi","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, dative plural","role":"indirect object","gloss":"for themselves"},{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Danais","lemma":"danai","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"Greeks"},{"surface":"rem","lemma":"res","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"matter"},{"surface":"faxo","lemma":"facio","morphology":"verb, 1st singular future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"will make sure"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"pube","lemma":"pubes","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"young people"},{"surface":"Pelasga","lemma":"pelasgus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Pelasgian"}]},{"number":155,"label":"155","id":"b9-l155","source":"esse ferant, decumum quos distulit Hector in annum.","translation":"or Pelasgian boys, whom Hector held off to the tenth year.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l155.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"esse","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to be"},{"surface":"ferant","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"they say"},{"surface":"decumum","lemma":"decimus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"tenth"},{"surface":"quos","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"distulit","lemma":"differo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"held off"},{"surface":"Hector","lemma":"hector","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Hector"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"annum","lemma":"annus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"year"}]},{"number":156,"label":"156","id":"b9-l156","source":"Nunc adeo, melior quoniam pars acta diei,","translation":"Now then, since the better part of the day is spent,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l156.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nunc","lemma":"nunc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"adeo","lemma":"adeo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"melior","lemma":"bonus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine, comparative","role":"modifier","gloss":"better"},{"surface":"quoniam","lemma":"quoniam","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"pars","lemma":"pars","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"part"},{"surface":"acta","lemma":"ago","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"spent"},{"surface":"diei","lemma":"dies","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the day"}]},{"number":157,"label":"157","id":"b9-l157","source":"quod superest, laeti bene gestis corpora rebus","translation":"for what is left of it, men, be glad, the work has gone well,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l157.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quod","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"superest","lemma":"supersum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"remains"},{"surface":"laeti","lemma":"laetus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"glad"},{"surface":"bene","lemma":"bene","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"gestis","lemma":"gero","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"done"},{"surface":"corpora","lemma":"corpus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"bodies"},{"surface":"rebus","lemma":"res","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"things"}]},{"number":158,"label":"158","id":"b9-l158","source":"procurate, viri, et pugnam sperate parari.”","translation":"and see to your bodies, and look for the battle to be made ready.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l158.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"procurate","lemma":"procuro","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"see to"},{"surface":"viri","lemma":"uir","morphology":"noun, vocative plural masculine","role":"address","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"pugnam","lemma":"pugna","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"battle"},{"surface":"sperate","lemma":"spero","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"look for"},{"surface":"parari","lemma":"paro","morphology":"verb, present infinitive passive","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to be made ready"}]},{"number":159,"label":"159","id":"b9-l159","source":"Interea vigilum excubiis obsidere portas","translation":"Meanwhile the charge of blockading the gates with sentry-watches","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l159.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Interea","lemma":"interea","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"meanwhile"},{"surface":"vigilum","lemma":"uigil","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"sentries"},{"surface":"excubiis","lemma":"excubiae","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with watches"},{"surface":"obsidere","lemma":"obsideo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to blockade"},{"surface":"portas","lemma":"porta","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"gates"}]},{"number":160,"label":"160","id":"b9-l160","source":"cura datur Messapo et moenia cingere flammis.","translation":"is given to Messapus, and of ringing the walls with fires.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l160.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"cura","lemma":"cura","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"charge"},{"surface":"datur","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"is given"},{"surface":"Messapo","lemma":"messapus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"Messapus"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"moenia","lemma":"moenia","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"walls"},{"surface":"cingere","lemma":"cingo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to ring"},{"surface":"flammis","lemma":"flamma","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with fires"}]},{"number":161,"label":"161","id":"b9-l161","source":"Bis septem Rutuli, muros qui milite servent,","translation":"Twice seven Rutulians are picked to hold the walls with soldiers,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l161.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Bis","lemma":"bis","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"twice"},{"surface":"septem","lemma":"septem","morphology":"numeral","role":"modifier","gloss":"seven"},{"surface":"Rutuli","lemma":"rutuli","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Rutulians"},{"surface":"muros","lemma":"murus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"walls"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"milite","lemma":"miles","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"soldier"},{"surface":"servent","lemma":"seruo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"may hold"}]},{"number":162,"label":"162","id":"b9-l162","source":"delecti; ast illos centeni quemque sequuntur","translation":"and a hundred young men follow each of them,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l162.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"delecti","lemma":"deligo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"having been picked"},{"surface":"ast","lemma":"at","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"illos","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"those"},{"surface":"centeni","lemma":"centeni","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"hundred"},{"surface":"quemque","lemma":"quisque","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"each"},{"surface":"sequuntur","lemma":"sequor","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"follow"}]},{"number":163,"label":"163","id":"b9-l163","source":"purpurei cristis iuvenes auroque corusci.","translation":"crimson with crests and glittering with gold.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l163.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"purpurei","lemma":"purpureus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"crimson"},{"surface":"cristis","lemma":"crista","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"crests"},{"surface":"iuvenes","lemma":"iuuenis","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"young man"},{"surface":"auroque","lemma":"aurum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with gold"},{"surface":"corusci","lemma":"coruscus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"glittering"}]},{"number":164,"label":"164","id":"b9-l164","source":"Discurrunt variantque vices fusique per herbam","translation":"They run to and fro and change turns, and sprawled through the grass","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l164.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Discurrunt","lemma":"discurro","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"run off in different directions"},{"surface":"variantque","lemma":"uario","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"change","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"vices","lemma":"uicis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"turns"},{"surface":"fusique","lemma":"fundo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"sprawled"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"herbam","lemma":"herba","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"grass"}]},{"number":165,"label":"165","id":"b9-l165","source":"indulgent vino et vertunt crateras aenos.","translation":"they give themselves to wine and tip up the bronze bowls.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l165.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"indulgent","lemma":"indulgeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"give themselves"},{"surface":"vino","lemma":"uinum","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"wine"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vertunt","lemma":"uerto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"tip up"},{"surface":"crateras","lemma":"cratera","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"mixing bowl"},{"surface":"aenos","lemma":"aeneus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"bronze"}]},{"number":166,"label":"166","id":"b9-l166","source":"Conlucent ignes, noctem custodia ducit","translation":"The fires blaze together; the guard draws the night out","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l166.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"insomnem ludo.","title":"An unfinished line","body":"The line stops here, halfway through the hexameter. About fifty verses in the poem break off like this because Vergil died before finishing his revision; ancient editors called them tibicines, 'props', holding a wall up until the real one is built."}],"words":[{"surface":"Conlucent","lemma":"colluceo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"blaze together"},{"surface":"ignes","lemma":"ignis","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"fires"},{"surface":"noctem","lemma":"nox","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"custodia","lemma":"custodia","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"guard"},{"surface":"ducit","lemma":"duco","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"draws out"}]},{"number":167,"label":"167","id":"b9-l167","source":"insomnem ludo.","translation":"sleepless, in play.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l167.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"insomnem","lemma":"insomnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"sleepless"},{"surface":"ludo","lemma":"ludus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in play"}]},{"number":168,"label":"168","id":"b9-l168","source":"Haec super e vallo prospectant Troes et armis","translation":"The Trojans look out on this from the rampart above, and hold","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l168.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Haec","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"super","lemma":"super","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"above"},{"surface":"e","lemma":"e","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"vallo","lemma":"uallum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"rampart"},{"surface":"prospectant","lemma":"prospecto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"look out on"},{"surface":"Troes","lemma":"troes","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Trojans"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"armis","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"under arms"}]},{"number":169,"label":"169","id":"b9-l169","source":"alta tenent, nec non trepidi formidine portas","translation":"the heights under arms; anxious with dread, they try the gates","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l169.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"alta","lemma":"altus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"heights"},{"surface":"tenent","lemma":"teneo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"hold"},{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"trepidi","lemma":"trepidus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"anxious"},{"surface":"formidine","lemma":"formido","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"dread"},{"surface":"portas","lemma":"porta","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"gates"}]},{"number":170,"label":"170","id":"b9-l170","source":"explorant pontisque et propugnacula iungunt,","translation":"and lash the gangways to the breastworks,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l170.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"explorant","lemma":"exploro","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"try"},{"surface":"pontisque","lemma":"pons","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"gangways"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"propugnacula","lemma":"propugnaculum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"breastworks"},{"surface":"iungunt","lemma":"iungo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"lash"}]},{"number":171,"label":"171","id":"b9-l171","source":"tela gerunt. Instat Mnestheus acerque Serestus,","translation":"and carry up weapons. Mnestheus drives them on, and keen Serestus,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l171.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"tela","lemma":"telum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"weapons"},{"surface":"gerunt","lemma":"gero","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"carry"},{"surface":"Instat","lemma":"insto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"drives them on"},{"surface":"Mnestheus","lemma":"mnestheus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Mnestheus"},{"surface":"acerque","lemma":"acer","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"keen"},{"surface":"Serestus","lemma":"serestus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Serestus"}]},{"number":172,"label":"172","id":"b9-l172","source":"quos pater Aeneas, siquando adversa vocarent,","translation":"whom father Aeneas had appointed, if trouble should ever call,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l172.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"pater Aeneas","title":"Pater as a title, not a name","body":"Pater, 'father', names Aeneas' standing over the people who follow him, not a trait of character, unlike pius, 'dutiful'. Here it marks that Mnestheus and Serestus hold their command from him while he is away."}],"words":[{"surface":"quos","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"pater","lemma":"pater","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"Aeneas","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Aeneas"},{"surface":"siquando","lemma":"siquando","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"if ever"},{"surface":"adversa","lemma":"aduersus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"misfortunes"},{"surface":"vocarent","lemma":"uoco","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"called"}]},{"number":173,"label":"173","id":"b9-l173","source":"rectores iuvenum et rerum dedit esse magistros.","translation":"to be governors of the young men and masters of affairs.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l173.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"rectores","lemma":"rector","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"governors"},{"surface":"iuvenum","lemma":"iuuenis","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"young man"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"rerum","lemma":"res","morphology":"noun, genitive plural feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of affairs"},{"surface":"dedit","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"appointed"},{"surface":"esse","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to be"},{"surface":"magistros","lemma":"magister","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"masters"}]},{"number":174,"label":"174","id":"b9-l174","source":"Omnis per muros legio, sortita periclum,","translation":"The whole force along the walls, having drawn the danger by lot,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l174.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Omnis","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"along"},{"surface":"muros","lemma":"murus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"walls"},{"surface":"legio","lemma":"legio","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"force"},{"surface":"sortita","lemma":"sortior","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having drawn by lot"},{"surface":"periclum","lemma":"periculum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"danger"}]},{"number":175,"label":"175","id":"b9-l175","source":"excubat exercetque vices, quod cuique tuendum est.","translation":"keeps watch and works its turns, each at what he has to guard.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l175.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"excubat","lemma":"excubo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"keeps watch"},{"surface":"exercetque","lemma":"exerceo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"works"},{"surface":"vices","lemma":"uicis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"turns"},{"surface":"quod","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"cuique","lemma":"quisque","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"each"},{"surface":"tuendum","lemma":"tueor","morphology":"gerundive, nominative singular neuter","role":"obligation","gloss":"to be guarded"},{"surface":"est","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":176,"label":"176","id":"b9-l176","source":"Nisus erat portae custos, acerrimus armis,","translation":"Nisus was the guard of a gate, keenest of men in arms,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l176.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nisus","lemma":"nisus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Nisus"},{"surface":"erat","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"portae","lemma":"porta","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of a gate"},{"surface":"custos","lemma":"custos","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"guard"},{"surface":"acerrimus","lemma":"acer","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine, superlative","role":"modifier","gloss":"keenest"},{"surface":"armis","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in arms"}]},{"number":177,"label":"177","id":"b9-l177","source":"Hyrtacides, comitem Aeneae quem miserat Ida","translation":"the son of Hyrtacus, whom Ida the huntress had sent to be","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l177.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hyrtacides","lemma":"hyrtacides","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"son of Hyrtacus"},{"surface":"comitem","lemma":"comes","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"companion"},{"surface":"Aeneae","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Aeneas'"},{"surface":"quem","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"miserat","lemma":"mitto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"sent"},{"surface":"Ida","lemma":"ida","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Ida"}]},{"number":178,"label":"178","id":"b9-l178","source":"venatrix iaculo celerem levibusque sagittis;","translation":"Aeneas' companion, quick with the javelin and with light arrows;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l178.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"venatrix","lemma":"uenatrix","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"apposition","gloss":"huntress"},{"surface":"iaculo","lemma":"iaculum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"javelin"},{"surface":"celerem","lemma":"celer","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"quick"},{"surface":"levibusque","lemma":"leuis","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"light"},{"surface":"sagittis","lemma":"sagitta","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"arrows"}]},{"number":179,"label":"179","id":"b9-l179","source":"it iuxta comes Euryalus, quo pulchrior alter","translation":"beside him goes his comrade Euryalus, than whom no one","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l179.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"it","lemma":"eo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"goes"},{"surface":"iuxta","lemma":"iuxta","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"beside"},{"surface":"comes","lemma":"comes","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"comrade"},{"surface":"Euryalus","lemma":"euryalus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Euryalus"},{"surface":"quo","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"than whom"},{"surface":"pulchrior","lemma":"pulcher","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine, comparative","role":"modifier","gloss":"handsomer"},{"surface":"alter","lemma":"alter","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"the other"}]},{"number":180,"label":"180","id":"b9-l180","source":"non fuit Aeneadum Troiana neque induit arma,","translation":"among the followers of Aeneas was handsomer, or put on Trojan arms,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l180.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"fuit","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"Aeneadum","lemma":"aeneades","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the followers of Aeneas"},{"surface":"Troiana","lemma":"troianus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"Trojan"},{"surface":"neque","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"induit","lemma":"induo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"put on"},{"surface":"arma","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"arms"}]},{"number":181,"label":"181","id":"b9-l181","source":"ora puer prima signans intonsa iuventa.","translation":"a boy marking his unshaven face with the first of manhood.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l181.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ora puer prima signans intonsa iuventa","title":"The first beard","body":"Signans, 'marking', is used as a seal marks wax: the first down is only beginning to print itself on Euryalus' cheeks, intonsa, 'unshaven'. Roman men cut this first growth in a formal ceremony and dedicated it, a rite he has not yet reached."}],"words":[{"surface":"ora","lemma":"os","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"puer","lemma":"puer","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"prima","lemma":"primus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"signans","lemma":"signo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"marking"},{"surface":"intonsa","lemma":"intonsus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"unshaven"},{"surface":"iuventa","lemma":"iuuenta","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with manhood"}]},{"number":182,"label":"182","id":"b9-l182","source":"His amor unus erat, pariterque in bella ruebant:","translation":"These two had one love between them, and they charged into battle side by side:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l182.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"His","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to these"},{"surface":"amor","lemma":"amor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"unus","lemma":"unus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"erat","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"pariterque","lemma":"pariter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"side by side"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"bella","lemma":"bellum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"battle"},{"surface":"ruebant","lemma":"ruo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"charged"}]},{"number":183,"label":"183","id":"b9-l183","source":"tum quoque communi portam statione tenebant.","translation":"then too they were holding the gate on a watch they shared.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l183.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"quoque","lemma":"quoque","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"communi","lemma":"communis","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"shared"},{"surface":"portam","lemma":"porta","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"gate"},{"surface":"statione","lemma":"statio","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"on a watch"},{"surface":"tenebant","lemma":"teneo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"were holding"}]},{"number":184,"label":"184","id":"b9-l184","source":"Nisus ait: “Dine hunc ardorem mentibus addunt,","translation":"Nisus says: “Is it the gods who put this fire in our minds,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l184.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nisus","lemma":"nisus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Nisus"},{"surface":"ait","lemma":"aio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"says"},{"surface":"Dine","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"gods","note":"-ne attached: marks a question."},{"surface":"hunc","lemma":"hic","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"ardorem","lemma":"ardor","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"fire"},{"surface":"mentibus","lemma":"mens","morphology":"noun, dative plural feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"minds"},{"surface":"addunt","lemma":"addo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"put"}]},{"number":185,"label":"185","id":"b9-l185","source":"Euryale, an sua cuique deus fit dira cupido?","translation":"Euryalus, or does each man's own fierce longing become his god?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l185.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Euryale","lemma":"euryalus","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"Euryalus"},{"surface":"an","lemma":"an","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"sua","lemma":"suus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"his own"},{"surface":"cuique","lemma":"quisque","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"each"},{"surface":"deus","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"god"},{"surface":"fit","lemma":"fio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"dira","lemma":"dirus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"fierce"},{"surface":"cupido","lemma":"cupido","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"longing"}]},{"number":186,"label":"186","id":"b9-l186","source":"Aut pugnam aut aliquid iamdudum invadere magnum","translation":"For a long while now my mind has been driving me at a fight,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l186.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Aut","lemma":"aut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"either"},{"surface":"pugnam","lemma":"pugna","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"fight"},{"surface":"aut","lemma":"aut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"aliquid","lemma":"aliquis","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"something"},{"surface":"iamdudum","lemma":"iamdudum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"long since"},{"surface":"invadere","lemma":"inuado","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to drive at"},{"surface":"magnum","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"great"}]},{"number":187,"label":"187","id":"b9-l187","source":"mens agitat mihi nec placida contenta quietest.","translation":"or at something great, and it is not content with quiet and rest.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l187.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"quietest","title":"Two words fused into one","body":"Quietest is quiete est run together, the ablative quiete plus the verb est, a written crasis. Latin verse fuses words this way when the meter needs one syllable count, and scribes kept the spelling rather than separating it."}],"words":[{"surface":"mens","lemma":"mens","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"mind"},{"surface":"agitat","lemma":"agito","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"drives"},{"surface":"mihi","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"placida","lemma":"placidus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"quiet"},{"surface":"contenta","lemma":"contentus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"content"},{"surface":"quietest","lemma":"quies","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"rest"}]},{"number":188,"label":"188","id":"b9-l188","source":"Cernis, quae Rutulos habeat fiducia rerum.","translation":"You see what confidence the Rutulians have in how things stand.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l188.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Cernis","lemma":"cerno","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"you see"},{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"Rutulos","lemma":"rutulus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Rutulians"},{"surface":"habeat","lemma":"habeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"fiducia","lemma":"fiducia","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"confidence"},{"surface":"rerum","lemma":"res","morphology":"noun, genitive plural feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"things"}]},{"number":189,"label":"189","id":"b9-l189","source":"Lumina rara micant; somno vinoque soluti","translation":"Their lights flicker far apart; loosened with sleep and with wine","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l189.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Lumina","lemma":"lumen","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"lights"},{"surface":"rara","lemma":"rarus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"far apart"},{"surface":"micant","lemma":"mico","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"flicker"},{"surface":"somno","lemma":"somnus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"sleep"},{"surface":"vinoque","lemma":"uinum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"wine"},{"surface":"soluti","lemma":"soluo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having loosened"}]},{"number":190,"label":"190","id":"b9-l190","source":"procubuere; silent late loca: percipe porro,","translation":"they have gone down flat; the places are silent far around. Take in now","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l190.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"procubuere","lemma":"procumbo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"sank down"},{"surface":"silent","lemma":"sileo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"be silent"},{"surface":"late","lemma":"late","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"far around"},{"surface":"loca","lemma":"locus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"places"},{"surface":"percipe","lemma":"percipio","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"take in"},{"surface":"porro","lemma":"porro","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"}]},{"number":191,"label":"191","id":"b9-l191","source":"quid dubitem et quae nunc animo sententia surgat.","translation":"what I am turning over, and what plan is rising in my mind.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l191.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quid","lemma":"quis","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"dubitem","lemma":"dubito","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"I am turning over"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"nunc","lemma":"nunc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"animo","lemma":"animus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"place","gloss":"mind"},{"surface":"sententia","lemma":"sententia","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"plan"},{"surface":"surgat","lemma":"surgo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"rises"}]},{"number":192,"label":"192","id":"b9-l192","source":"Aenean acciri omnes, populusque patresque,","translation":"That Aeneas be sent for, everyone demands it, the people and the fathers,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l192.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Aenean","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Aeneas"},{"surface":"acciri","lemma":"accio","morphology":"verb, present infinitive passive","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to be sent for"},{"surface":"omnes","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"everyone"},{"surface":"populusque","lemma":"populus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"patresque","lemma":"pater","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"fathers"}]},{"number":193,"label":"193","id":"b9-l193","source":"exposcunt mittique viros, qui certa reportent.","translation":"and that men be sent who can bring back something certain.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l193.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"exposcunt","lemma":"exposco","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"demand"},{"surface":"mittique","lemma":"mitto","morphology":"verb, present infinitive passive","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to be sent"},{"surface":"viros","lemma":"uir","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"certa","lemma":"certus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"something certain"},{"surface":"reportent","lemma":"reporto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"carry back"}]},{"number":194,"label":"194","id":"b9-l194","source":"Si tibi quae posco promittunt (nam mihi facti","translation":"If they promise you what I ask for you (for as for me,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l194.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Si","lemma":"si","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"tibi","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"posco","lemma":"posco","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"ask"},{"surface":"promittunt","lemma":"promitto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"promise"},{"surface":"nam","lemma":"nam","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"mihi","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"facti","lemma":"factum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"fact, deed"}]},{"number":195,"label":"195","id":"b9-l195","source":"fama sat est), tumulo videor reperire sub illo","translation":"the fame of the deed is enough), then under that mound","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l195.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"mihi facti fama sat est","title":"Fama as a hero's afterlife","body":"Fama is what gets said about a man afterward, the only survival a Homeric hero counts on. Nisus gives up the reward and asks only that mihi facti fama sat est, 'the fame of the deed is enough for me', a promise the poem keeps at line 446."}],"words":[{"surface":"fama","lemma":"fama","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"fame"},{"surface":"sat","lemma":"sat","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"enough"},{"surface":"est","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"tumulo","lemma":"tumulus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"place","gloss":"under a mound"},{"surface":"videor","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"I seem"},{"surface":"reperire","lemma":"reperio","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to find"},{"surface":"sub","lemma":"sub","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"illo","lemma":"ille","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"that"}]},{"number":196,"label":"196","id":"b9-l196","source":"posse viam ad muros et moenia Pallantea.”","translation":"I think I can find a way to the walls and the town of Pallanteum.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l196.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"posse","lemma":"possum","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"I can"},{"surface":"viam","lemma":"uia","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"muros","lemma":"murus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"walls"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"moenia","lemma":"moenia","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"town"},{"surface":"Pallantea","lemma":"pallanteus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"of Pallanteum"}]},{"number":197,"label":"197","id":"b9-l197","source":"Obstipuit magno laudum percussus amore","translation":"Euryalus stood amazed, struck through with a great love of praise,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l197.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Obstipuit","lemma":"obstipesco","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was amazed"},{"surface":"magno","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"laudum","lemma":"laus","morphology":"noun, genitive plural feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of praise"},{"surface":"percussus","lemma":"percutio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been struck"},{"surface":"amore","lemma":"amor","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"love"}]},{"number":198,"label":"198","id":"b9-l198","source":"Euryalus; simul his ardentem adfatur amicum:","translation":"and speaks at once to his burning friend in these words:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l198.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Euryalus","lemma":"euryalus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Euryalus"},{"surface":"simul","lemma":"simul","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"his","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"ardentem","lemma":"ardeo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"burning"},{"surface":"adfatur","lemma":"affor","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"speaks to"},{"surface":"amicum","lemma":"amicus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"friend"}]},{"number":199,"label":"199","id":"b9-l199","source":"“Mene igitur socium summis adiungere rebus,","translation":"“Do you shrink, then, from taking me on as your partner","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l199.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Mene","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"me","note":"-ne attached: marks a question."},{"surface":"igitur","lemma":"igitur","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"socium","lemma":"socius","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"partner"},{"surface":"summis","lemma":"summus","morphology":"adjective, dative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"highest"},{"surface":"adiungere","lemma":"adiungo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to join"},{"surface":"rebus","lemma":"res","morphology":"noun, dative plural feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"business"}]},{"number":200,"label":"200","id":"b9-l200","source":"Nise, fugis? Solum te in tanta pericula mittam?","translation":"in the highest business, Nisus? Am I to send you alone into such dangers?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l200.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nise","lemma":"nisus","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"Nisus"},{"surface":"fugis","lemma":"fugio","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"do you shrink"},{"surface":"Solum","lemma":"solus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"tanta","lemma":"tantus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"pericula","lemma":"periculum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"dangers"},{"surface":"mittam","lemma":"mitto","morphology":"verb, 1st singular future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"will send"}]},{"number":201,"label":"201","id":"b9-l201","source":"Non ita me genitor, bellis adsuetus Opheltes,","translation":"That is not how my father Opheltes, hardened to wars,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l201.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ita","lemma":"ita","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"genitor","lemma":"genitor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"bellis","lemma":"bellum","morphology":"noun, dative plural neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to wars"},{"surface":"adsuetus","lemma":"assuesco","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"accustomed"},{"surface":"Opheltes","lemma":"opheltes","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Opheltes"}]},{"number":202,"label":"202","id":"b9-l202","source":"Argolicum terrorem inter Troiaeque labores","translation":"brought me up and schooled me, through the Argive terror","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l202.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Argolicum","lemma":"argolicus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Argive"},{"surface":"terrorem","lemma":"terror","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"terror"},{"surface":"inter","lemma":"inter","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"Troiaeque","lemma":"troia","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Troy","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"labores","lemma":"labor","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"labors"}]},{"number":203,"label":"203","id":"b9-l203","source":"sublatum erudiit, nec tecum talia gessi,","translation":"and the labors of Troy, and I have not borne myself so with you,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l203.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sublatum","lemma":"tollo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"brought up"},{"surface":"erudiit","lemma":"erudio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"schooled"},{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"tecum","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with you"},{"surface":"talia","lemma":"talis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"gessi","lemma":"gero","morphology":"verb, 1st singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"have borne myself"}]},{"number":204,"label":"204","id":"b9-l204","source":"magnanimum Aenean et fata extrema secutus:","translation":"following great-hearted Aeneas and his fate to the last:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l204.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"magnanimum","lemma":"magnanimus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"great-hearted"},{"surface":"Aenean","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Aeneas"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fata","lemma":"fatum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"fate"},{"surface":"extrema","lemma":"extremus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"to the last"},{"surface":"secutus","lemma":"sequor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having followed"}]},{"number":205,"label":"205","id":"b9-l205","source":"est hic, est animus lucis contemptor et istum","translation":"there is here, here is a spirit that despises the light and reckons","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l205.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"animus lucis contemptor","title":"A spirit that despises the light","body":"Lux means both 'daylight' and 'life' itself, so animus lucis contemptor is 'a spirit that holds daylight cheap' and also 'a spirit that holds life cheap'. Euryalus uses the phrase about himself to argue he is old enough for the night raid."}],"words":[{"surface":"est","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"hic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"est","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"animus","lemma":"animus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"spirit"},{"surface":"lucis","lemma":"lux","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"light"},{"surface":"contemptor","lemma":"contemptor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"despiser"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"istum","lemma":"iste","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"that"}]},{"number":206,"label":"206","id":"b9-l206","source":"qui vita bene credat emi, quo tendis, honorem.”","translation":"that honor you are making for well bought with a life.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l206.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"vita","lemma":"uita","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"bene","lemma":"bene","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"credat","lemma":"credo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"reckons"},{"surface":"emi","lemma":"emo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive passive","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to be bought"},{"surface":"quo","lemma":"quo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"tendis","lemma":"tendo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"you are making for"},{"surface":"honorem","lemma":"honor","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"honor"}]},{"number":207,"label":"207","id":"b9-l207","source":"Nisus ad haec: “Equidem de te nil tale verebar","translation":"Nisus to this: “I feared nothing of the kind about you,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l207.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nisus","lemma":"nisus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Nisus"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"haec","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Equidem","lemma":"equidem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"nil","lemma":"nihil","morphology":"noun, indeclinable","role":"object","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"tale","lemma":"talis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"of the kind"},{"surface":"verebar","lemma":"uereor","morphology":"verb, 1st singular imperfect indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"I feared"}]},{"number":208,"label":"208","id":"b9-l208","source":"nec fas, non, ita me referat tibi magnus ovantem","translation":"and it would be wrong to; no, so may great Jupiter bring me back","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l208.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"fas","lemma":"fas","morphology":"noun, indeclinable","role":"predicate","gloss":"right"},{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"ita","lemma":"ita","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"referat","lemma":"refero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"may bring back"},{"surface":"tibi","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"magnus","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"ovantem","lemma":"ouo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"in triumph"}]},{"number":209,"label":"209","id":"b9-l209","source":"Iuppiter aut quicumque oculis haec aspicit aequis.","translation":"to you in triumph, or whoever it is that looks on this with fair eyes.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l209.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Iuppiter","lemma":"iuppiter","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Jupiter"},{"surface":"aut","lemma":"aut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"quicumque","lemma":"quicumque","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"whoever"},{"surface":"oculis","lemma":"oculus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"haec","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"aspicit","lemma":"aspicio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"looks at"},{"surface":"aequis","lemma":"aequus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"fair"}]},{"number":210,"label":"210","id":"b9-l210","source":"Sed siquis, quae multa vides discrimine tali,","translation":"But if someone, and in a hazard like this you see how many things,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l210.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sed","lemma":"sed","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"siquis","lemma":"siquis","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"if, if only"},{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"multa","lemma":"multus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"many things"},{"surface":"vides","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"discrimine","lemma":"discrimen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in a hazard"},{"surface":"tali","lemma":"talis","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"like this"}]},{"number":211,"label":"211","id":"b9-l211","source":"siquis in adversum rapiat casusve deusve,","translation":"if some chance or some god should carry me the wrong way,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l211.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"siquis","lemma":"siquis","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"if, if only"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"adversum","lemma":"aduersum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"wrong direction"},{"surface":"rapiat","lemma":"rapio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"should carry"},{"surface":"casusve","lemma":"casus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"chance","note":"-ve attached: \"or.\""},{"surface":"deusve","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"god","note":"-ve attached: \"or.\""}]},{"number":212,"label":"212","id":"b9-l212","source":"te superesse velim; tua vita dignior aetas.","translation":"I would want you to be left alive; your years deserve life more.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l212.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"superesse","lemma":"supersum","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to be left alive"},{"surface":"velim","lemma":"uolo","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present subjunctive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"I would want"},{"surface":"tua","lemma":"tuus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"vita","lemma":"uita","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"dignior","lemma":"dignus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine, comparative","role":"predicate","gloss":"more deserving"},{"surface":"aetas","lemma":"aetas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"years"}]},{"number":213,"label":"213","id":"b9-l213","source":"Sit qui me raptum pugna pretiove redemptum","translation":"Let there be a man to give me back to the earth, snatched out of the fighting","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l213.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sit","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"command","gloss":"let there be"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"a man"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"raptum","lemma":"rapio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"snatched"},{"surface":"pugna","lemma":"pugna","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"out of the fighting"},{"surface":"pretiove","lemma":"pretium","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"price","note":"-ve attached: \"or.\""},{"surface":"redemptum","lemma":"redimo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"ransomed"}]},{"number":214,"label":"214","id":"b9-l214","source":"mandet humo solita aut siqua id Fortuna vetabit,","translation":"or ransomed for a price, in the customary way; or if some Fortune forbids it,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l214.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"mandet","lemma":"mando","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"give back"},{"surface":"humo","lemma":"humus","morphology":"noun, dative singular feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to the earth"},{"surface":"solita","lemma":"solitus","morphology":"adjective, dative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"customary"},{"surface":"aut","lemma":"aut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"siqua","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"if any"},{"surface":"id","lemma":"is","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"Fortuna","lemma":"fortuna","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"fortune"},{"surface":"vetabit","lemma":"ueto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular future indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"will forbid"}]},{"number":215,"label":"215","id":"b9-l215","source":"absenti ferat inferias decoretque sepulchro.","translation":"to bring the offerings for one who is not there, and honor him with a tomb.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l215.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"absenti","lemma":"absum","morphology":"participle, present active dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"absent"},{"surface":"ferat","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"carries"},{"surface":"inferias","lemma":"inferiae","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"offerings to the dead"},{"surface":"decoretque","lemma":"decoro","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"adorns"},{"surface":"sepulchro","lemma":"sepulcrum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"tomb"}]},{"number":216,"label":"216","id":"b9-l216","source":"Neu matri miserae tanti sim causa doloris,","translation":"And let me not be the cause of so much grief to your poor mother,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l216.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Neu","lemma":"neu","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and let not"},{"surface":"matri","lemma":"mater","morphology":"noun, dative singular feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"miserae","lemma":"miser","morphology":"adjective, dative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"poor"},{"surface":"tanti","lemma":"tantus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"so much"},{"surface":"sim","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present subjunctive active","role":"command","gloss":"let me be"},{"surface":"causa","lemma":"causa","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"cause"},{"surface":"doloris","lemma":"dolor","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"grief"}]},{"number":217,"label":"217","id":"b9-l217","source":"quae te sola, puer, multis e matribus ausa","translation":"who alone out of many mothers dared to follow you, boy,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l217.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"sola","lemma":"solus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"puer","lemma":"puer","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"multis","lemma":"multus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"e","lemma":"e","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"matribus","lemma":"mater","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"mothers"},{"surface":"ausa","lemma":"audeo","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having dared"}]},{"number":218,"label":"218","id":"b9-l218","source":"persequitur magni nec moenia curat Acestae,”","translation":"and who has no care for the walls of great Acestes.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l218.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"persequitur","lemma":"persequor","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"follows"},{"surface":"magni","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"moenia","lemma":"moenia","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"walls"},{"surface":"curat","lemma":"curo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"cares for"},{"surface":"Acestae","lemma":"acestes","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Acestes"}]},{"number":219,"label":"219","id":"b9-l219","source":"Ille autem: “Causas nequiquam nectis inanis,","translation":"But he: “You are knotting up empty reasons for nothing,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l219.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ille","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"autem","lemma":"autem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Causas","lemma":"causa","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"reasons"},{"surface":"nequiquam","lemma":"nequiquam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"for nothing"},{"surface":"nectis","lemma":"necto","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"are knotting up"},{"surface":"inanis","lemma":"inanis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"empty"}]},{"number":220,"label":"220","id":"b9-l220","source":"nec mea iam mutata loco sententia cedit:","translation":"and my mind is not changed now, and does not give ground:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l220.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"mea","lemma":"meus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"iam","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"mutata","lemma":"muto","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been moved"},{"surface":"loco","lemma":"locus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"from its place"},{"surface":"sententia","lemma":"sententia","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"mind"},{"surface":"cedit","lemma":"cedo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"gives ground"}]},{"number":221,"label":"221","id":"b9-l221","source":"adceleremus,” ait. Vigiles simul excitat, illi","translation":"let us hurry,” he says. He wakes the watch at the same time; they","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l221.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"adceleremus","lemma":"accelero","morphology":"verb, 1st plural present subjunctive active","role":"command","gloss":"let us hurry"},{"surface":"ait","lemma":"aio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"says"},{"surface":"Vigiles","lemma":"uigil","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"watch"},{"surface":"simul","lemma":"simul","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at the same time"},{"surface":"excitat","lemma":"excito","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"wakes"},{"surface":"illi","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"they"}]},{"number":222,"label":"222","id":"b9-l222","source":"succedunt servantque vices: statione relicta","translation":"come up and keep their turns; leaving the post,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l222.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"succedunt","lemma":"succedo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"come up"},{"surface":"servantque","lemma":"seruo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"keep safe"},{"surface":"vices","lemma":"uicis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"turns"},{"surface":"statione","lemma":"statio","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"post"},{"surface":"relicta","lemma":"relinquo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been left behind"}]},{"number":223,"label":"223","id":"b9-l223","source":"ipse comes Niso graditur, regemque requirunt.","translation":"he walks at Nisus' side, and they go looking for the prince.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l223.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ipse","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"comes","lemma":"comes","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"companion"},{"surface":"Niso","lemma":"nisus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"Nisus"},{"surface":"graditur","lemma":"gradior","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"walks"},{"surface":"regemque","lemma":"rex","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"prince"},{"surface":"requirunt","lemma":"requiro","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"go looking for"}]},{"number":224,"label":"224","id":"b9-l224","source":"Cetera per terras omnis animalia somno","translation":"All other living things over all the earth were letting their cares","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l224.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Cetera","lemma":"ceterus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"the other"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"terras","lemma":"terra","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"earth"},{"surface":"omnis","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"animalia","lemma":"animal","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"living things"},{"surface":"somno","lemma":"somnus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"sleep"}]},{"number":225,"label":"225","id":"b9-l225","source":"laxabant curas et corda oblita laborum:","translation":"go slack in sleep, their hearts forgetful of what they had toiled at:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l225.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"laxabant","lemma":"laxo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"were letting slack"},{"surface":"curas","lemma":"cura","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"cares"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"corda","lemma":"cor","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"hearts"},{"surface":"oblita","lemma":"obliuiscor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"forgetful"},{"surface":"laborum","lemma":"labor","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"toils"}]},{"number":226,"label":"226","id":"b9-l226","source":"ductores Teucrum primi et delecta iuventus","translation":"the chief captains of the Teucrians and the picked young men","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l226.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ductores","lemma":"ductor","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"captains"},{"surface":"Teucrum","lemma":"teucer","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the Teucrians"},{"surface":"primi","lemma":"primus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"chief"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"delecta","lemma":"deligo","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"picked"},{"surface":"iuventus","lemma":"iuuentus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"young men"}]},{"number":227,"label":"227","id":"b9-l227","source":"consilium summis regni de rebus habebant,","translation":"were holding council on the highest business of the realm,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l227.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"consilium","lemma":"consilium","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"council"},{"surface":"summis","lemma":"summus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"highest"},{"surface":"regni","lemma":"regnum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the realm"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"rebus","lemma":"res","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"business"},{"surface":"habebant","lemma":"habeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"were holding"}]},{"number":228,"label":"228","id":"b9-l228","source":"quid facerent quisve Aeneae iam nuntius esset.","translation":"what they should do, and who by now should be the messenger to Aeneas.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l228.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quid","lemma":"quis","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"facerent","lemma":"facio","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"they should do"},{"surface":"quisve","lemma":"quis","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"Aeneae","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"Aeneas"},{"surface":"iam","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"nuntius","lemma":"nuntius","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"messenger"},{"surface":"esset","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"should be"}]},{"number":229,"label":"229","id":"b9-l229","source":"Stant longis adnixi hastis, et scuta tenentes,","translation":"They stand leaning on long spears and holding their shields,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l229.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Stant","lemma":"sto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"stand"},{"surface":"longis","lemma":"longus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"adnixi","lemma":"annitor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having leaned"},{"surface":"hastis","lemma":"hasta","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"spears"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"scuta","lemma":"scutum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"shields"},{"surface":"tenentes","lemma":"teneo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"holding"}]},{"number":230,"label":"230","id":"b9-l230","source":"castrorum et campi medio. Tum Nisus et una","translation":"in the middle of the camp and the field. Then Nisus, and with him","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l230.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"castrorum","lemma":"castra","morphology":"noun, genitive plural neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the camp"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"campi","lemma":"campus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"field"},{"surface":"medio","lemma":"medium","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"place","gloss":"middle"},{"surface":"Tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"Nisus","lemma":"nisus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Nisus"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"una","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"together, together with"}]},{"number":231,"label":"231","id":"b9-l231","source":"Euryalus confestim alacres admittier orant:","translation":"Euryalus, eager, ask at once to be let in:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l231.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"admittier","title":"An archaic passive infinitive","body":"Admittier is an archaic present passive infinitive ending in -ier, the regular form in early Latin and kept later by poets for weight. It means the same as the ordinary admitti, 'to be let in', only spelled two centuries older."}],"words":[{"surface":"Euryalus","lemma":"euryalus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Euryalus"},{"surface":"confestim","lemma":"confestim","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"alacres","lemma":"alacer","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"eager"},{"surface":"admittier","lemma":"admitto","morphology":"verb, present infinitive passive","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to be let in"},{"surface":"orant","lemma":"oro","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"ask"}]},{"number":232,"label":"232","id":"b9-l232","source":"rem magnam, pretiumque morae fore. Primus Iulus","translation":"the matter is great, and worth the delay. Iulus was the first","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l232.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"rem","lemma":"res","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"matter"},{"surface":"magnam","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"pretiumque","lemma":"pretium","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"predicate","gloss":"worth","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"morae","lemma":"mora","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the delay"},{"surface":"fore","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, future infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"would be"},{"surface":"Primus","lemma":"primus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"Iulus","lemma":"iulus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Iulus"}]},{"number":233,"label":"233","id":"b9-l233","source":"accepit trepidos ac Nisum dicere iussit.","translation":"to take them, on edge as they were, and he told Nisus to speak.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l233.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"accepit","lemma":"accipio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"took"},{"surface":"trepidos","lemma":"trepidus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"on edge"},{"surface":"ac","lemma":"ac","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Nisum","lemma":"nisus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Nisus"},{"surface":"dicere","lemma":"dico","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to speak"},{"surface":"iussit","lemma":"iubeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"told"}]},{"number":234,"label":"234","id":"b9-l234","source":"Tum sic Hyrtacides: “Audite O mentibus aequis,","translation":"Then the son of Hyrtacus, so: “Hear us with fair minds,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l234.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"sic","lemma":"sic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"Hyrtacides","lemma":"hyrtacides","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"son of Hyrtacus"},{"surface":"Audite","lemma":"audio","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"hear"},{"surface":"O","lemma":"o","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation","gloss":"O"},{"surface":"mentibus","lemma":"mens","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with minds"},{"surface":"aequis","lemma":"aequus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"fair"}]},{"number":235,"label":"235","id":"b9-l235","source":"Aeneadae, neve haec nostris spectentur ab annis,","translation":"followers of Aeneas, and do not judge by our years","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l235.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Aeneadae","lemma":"aeneades","morphology":"noun, vocative plural masculine","role":"address","gloss":"sons of Aeneas"},{"surface":"neve","lemma":"neue","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and do not"},{"surface":"haec","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"nostris","lemma":"noster","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"our"},{"surface":"spectentur","lemma":"specto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present subjunctive passive","role":"command","gloss":"be judged"},{"surface":"ab","lemma":"ab","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"annis","lemma":"annus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"years"}]},{"number":236,"label":"236","id":"b9-l236","source":"quae ferimus. Rutuli somno vinoque soluti","translation":"what we bring you. The Rutulians, loosened with sleep and wine,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l236.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"ferimus","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 1st plural present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"carry"},{"surface":"Rutuli","lemma":"rutuli","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Rutulians"},{"surface":"somno","lemma":"somnus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"sleep"},{"surface":"vinoque","lemma":"uinum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"wine"},{"surface":"soluti","lemma":"soluo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having loosened"}]},{"number":237,"label":"237","id":"b9-l237","source":"conticuere; locum insidiis conspeximus ipsi,","translation":"have gone quiet; we have seen for ourselves a place for an ambush,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l237.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"conticuere","lemma":"conticesco","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"have gone quiet"},{"surface":"locum","lemma":"locus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"insidiis","lemma":"insidiae","morphology":"noun, dative plural feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"for an ambush"},{"surface":"conspeximus","lemma":"conspicio","morphology":"verb, 1st plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"have seen"},{"surface":"ipsi","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"ourselves"}]},{"number":238,"label":"238","id":"b9-l238","source":"qui patet in bivio portae, quae proxuma ponto;","translation":"which lies open at the fork of the road by the gate nearest the sea;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l238.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"in bivio portae","title":"Bivium, where a road forks","body":"Bivium names a point where a road splits into two. Nisus uses it to describe a gap in the watch at the gate nearest the sea, quae proxuma ponto, where the road forks."}],"words":[{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"patet","lemma":"pateo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"stands open"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"bivio","lemma":"biuium","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"fork"},{"surface":"portae","lemma":"porta","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"gate"},{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"proxuma","lemma":"proximus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"nearest"},{"surface":"ponto","lemma":"pontus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to the sea"}]},{"number":239,"label":"239","id":"b9-l239","source":"interrupti ignes, aterque ad sidera fumus","translation":"the fires are broken there, and black smoke stands up","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l239.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"interrupti","lemma":"interrumpo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"broken"},{"surface":"ignes","lemma":"ignis","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"fires"},{"surface":"aterque","lemma":"ater","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"black","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"sidera","lemma":"sidus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"stars"},{"surface":"fumus","lemma":"fumus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"smoke"}]},{"number":240,"label":"240","id":"b9-l240","source":"erigitur: si fortuna permittitis uti","translation":"to the stars. If you let us use this luck","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l240.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"erigitur","lemma":"erigo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"stands up"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"fortuna","lemma":"fortuna","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"luck"},{"surface":"permittitis","lemma":"permitto","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"you let"},{"surface":"uti","lemma":"utor","morphology":"verb, present infinitive deponent","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to use"}]},{"number":241,"label":"241","id":"b9-l241","source":"quaesitum Aenean et moenia Pallantea,","translation":"to go looking for Aeneas and the town of Pallanteum,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l241.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quaesitum","lemma":"quaero","morphology":"supine, accusative","role":"purpose","gloss":"to seek"},{"surface":"Aenean","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Aeneas"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"moenia","lemma":"moenia","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"town"},{"surface":"Pallantea","lemma":"pallanteus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"of Pallanteum"}]},{"number":242,"label":"242","id":"b9-l242","source":"mox hic cum spoliis ingenti caede peracta","translation":"you will see us here soon with spoils, and a great slaughter","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l242.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"mox","lemma":"mox","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"soon"},{"surface":"hic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"spoliis","lemma":"spolium","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"spoils"},{"surface":"ingenti","lemma":"ingens","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"caede","lemma":"caedes","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"slaughter"},{"surface":"peracta","lemma":"perago","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"done"}]},{"number":243,"label":"243","id":"b9-l243","source":"adfore cernetis. Nec nos via fallit euntis:","translation":"done. The road does not mislead us as we go:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l243.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"adfore","lemma":"adsum","morphology":"verb, future infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to be present"},{"surface":"cernetis","lemma":"cerno","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"you will see"},{"surface":"Nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"nos","lemma":"nos","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"us"},{"surface":"via","lemma":"uia","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"road"},{"surface":"fallit","lemma":"fallo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"misleads"},{"surface":"euntis","lemma":"eo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"going"}]},{"number":244,"label":"244","id":"b9-l244","source":"vidimus obscuris primam sub vallibus urbem","translation":"hunting there without a break, we have seen the near edge of the city","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l244.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"vidimus","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"verb, 1st plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"we have seen"},{"surface":"obscuris","lemma":"obscurus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"dark"},{"surface":"primam","lemma":"primus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"near edge"},{"surface":"sub","lemma":"sub","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"vallibus","lemma":"uallis","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"valleys"},{"surface":"urbem","lemma":"urbs","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"city"}]},{"number":245,"label":"245","id":"b9-l245","source":"venatu adsiduo et totum cognovimus amnem.”","translation":"under the dark valleys, and we have learned the whole river.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l245.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"venatu","lemma":"uenatus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"hunting"},{"surface":"adsiduo","lemma":"assiduus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"constant"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"totum","lemma":"totus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"cognovimus","lemma":"cognosco","morphology":"verb, 1st plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"learned"},{"surface":"amnem","lemma":"amnis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"river"}]},{"number":246,"label":"246","id":"b9-l246","source":"Hic annis gravis atque animi maturus Aletes:","translation":"Here Aletes, heavy with years and ripe in judgment:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l246.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"annis","lemma":"annus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"gravis","lemma":"grauis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"heavy"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"animi","lemma":"animus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"in judgment"},{"surface":"maturus","lemma":"maturus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"ripe"},{"surface":"Aletes","lemma":"aletes","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Aletes"}]},{"number":247,"label":"247","id":"b9-l247","source":"“Di patrii, quorum semper sub numine Troia est,","translation":"“Gods of our fathers, under whose power Troy always stands,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l247.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Di","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, vocative plural masculine","role":"address","gloss":"gods"},{"surface":"patrii","lemma":"patrius","morphology":"adjective, vocative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of our fathers"},{"surface":"quorum","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"semper","lemma":"semper","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"sub","lemma":"sub","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"numine","lemma":"numen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"power"},{"surface":"Troia","lemma":"troia","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Troy"},{"surface":"est","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"stands"}]},{"number":248,"label":"248","id":"b9-l248","source":"non tamen omnino Teucros delere paratis,","translation":"you are not after all making ready to destroy the Teucrians outright,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l248.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"tamen","lemma":"tamen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"after all"},{"surface":"omnino","lemma":"omnino","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"outright"},{"surface":"Teucros","lemma":"teucer","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Teucrians"},{"surface":"delere","lemma":"deleo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to destroy"},{"surface":"paratis","lemma":"paro","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"are you making ready"}]},{"number":249,"label":"249","id":"b9-l249","source":"cum talis animos iuvenum et tam certa tulistis","translation":"since you have brought us young men with spirit like this and hearts","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l249.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"talis","lemma":"talis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"animos","lemma":"animus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"spirit"},{"surface":"iuvenum","lemma":"iuuenis","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"young man"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tam","lemma":"tam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"certa","lemma":"certus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"sure"},{"surface":"tulistis","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"you have brought"}]},{"number":250,"label":"250","id":"b9-l250","source":"pectora.” Sic memorans umeros dextrasque tenebat","translation":"so sure.” So saying, he held the shoulders and the right hands","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l250.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"pectora","lemma":"pectus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"hearts"},{"surface":"Sic","lemma":"sic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"memorans","lemma":"memoro","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"saying"},{"surface":"umeros","lemma":"umerus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"shoulders"},{"surface":"dextrasque","lemma":"dextera","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"right hands","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"tenebat","lemma":"teneo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"held"}]},{"number":251,"label":"251","id":"b9-l251","source":"amborum et voltum lacrimis atque ora rigabat.","translation":"of them both, and drenched his face and his mouth with tears.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l251.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"amborum","lemma":"ambo","morphology":"adjective, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"both"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"voltum","lemma":"uoltus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"lacrimis","lemma":"lacrima","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"tears"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ora","lemma":"os","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"mouth"},{"surface":"rigabat","lemma":"rigo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"drenched"}]},{"number":252,"label":"252","id":"b9-l252","source":"“Quae vobis, quae digna, viri, pro laudibus istis","translation":"“What rewards, men, what rewards worthy of praise like this,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l252.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"vobis","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"digna","lemma":"dignus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"worthy"},{"surface":"viri","lemma":"uir","morphology":"noun, vocative plural masculine","role":"address","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"pro","lemma":"pro","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"laudibus","lemma":"laus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"praise"},{"surface":"istis","lemma":"iste","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"like this"}]},{"number":253,"label":"253","id":"b9-l253","source":"praemia posse rear solvi? Pulcherrima primum","translation":"could I think it possible to pay you? The finest of all,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l253.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"praemia","lemma":"praemium","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"rewards"},{"surface":"posse","lemma":"possum","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"rear","lemma":"reor","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present subjunctive deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"could I think"},{"surface":"solvi","lemma":"soluo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive passive","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to be paid"},{"surface":"Pulcherrima","lemma":"pulcher","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural neuter, superlative","role":"subject","gloss":"finest"},{"surface":"primum","lemma":"primum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"first, in the first place"}]},{"number":254,"label":"254","id":"b9-l254","source":"di moresque dabunt vestri; tum cetera reddet","translation":"the gods and your own character will pay first; the rest","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l254.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"di","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"gods"},{"surface":"moresque","lemma":"mos","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"character","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"dabunt","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"will give"},{"surface":"vestri","lemma":"uester","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"cetera","lemma":"ceterus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"the rest"},{"surface":"reddet","lemma":"reddo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"will pay"}]},{"number":255,"label":"255","id":"b9-l255","source":"actutum pius Aeneas atque integer aevi","translation":"dutiful Aeneas will settle at once, and Ascanius,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l255.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"pius Aeneas","title":"One epithet, always dutiful","body":"Pietas is duty owed at once to gods, father, children and country, and we render pius as 'dutiful' throughout. The epithet is applied to Aeneas here by another speaker, Aletes, while Aeneas himself is away from the camp."}],"words":[{"surface":"actutum","lemma":"actutum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"pius","lemma":"pius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"dutiful"},{"surface":"Aeneas","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Aeneas"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"integer","lemma":"integer","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"untouched"},{"surface":"aevi","lemma":"aeuum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"of age"}]},{"number":256,"label":"256","id":"b9-l256","source":"Ascanius, meriti tanti non immemor umquam.”","translation":"untouched by age, who will never forget so great a service.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l256.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ascanius","lemma":"ascanius","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Ascanius"},{"surface":"meriti","lemma":"meritum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the service"},{"surface":"tanti","lemma":"tantus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"so great"},{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"immemor","lemma":"immemor","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"forgetful"},{"surface":"umquam","lemma":"umquam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"ever"}]},{"number":257,"label":"257","id":"b9-l257","source":"“Immo ego vos, cui sola salus genitore reducto,”","translation":"“No, it is I,” Ascanius takes it up, “who have no safety at all","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l257.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Immo","lemma":"immo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"no indeed"},{"surface":"ego","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"cui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"sola","lemma":"solus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"salus","lemma":"salus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"safety"},{"surface":"genitore","lemma":"genitor","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"reducto","lemma":"reduco","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been led back"}]},{"number":258,"label":"258","id":"b9-l258","source":"excipit Ascanius, “per magnos, Nise, penatis","translation":"unless my father is brought back. Nisus, by the great household gods,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l258.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"excipit","lemma":"excipio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"takes up, replies"},{"surface":"Ascanius","lemma":"ascanius","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Ascanius"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"magnos","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"Nise","lemma":"nisus","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"Nisus"},{"surface":"penatis","lemma":"penates","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"household gods"}]},{"number":259,"label":"259","id":"b9-l259","source":"Assaracique larem et canae penetralia Vestae","translation":"by the hearth-spirit of Assaracus and the inner shrine of white-haired","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l259.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Assaracique","lemma":"assaracus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Assaracus","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"larem","lemma":"lar","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"hearth-spirit"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"canae","lemma":"canus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"white-haired"},{"surface":"penetralia","lemma":"penetralis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"inner shrine"},{"surface":"Vestae","lemma":"uesta","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Vesta"}]},{"number":260,"label":"260","id":"b9-l260","source":"obtestor; quaecumque mihi fortuna fidesque est,","translation":"Vesta, I call them to witness: whatever fortune and whatever faith is mine","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l260.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"obtestor","lemma":"obtestor","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"call to witness"},{"surface":"quaecumque","lemma":"quicumque","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"whatever"},{"surface":"mihi","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"mine"},{"surface":"fortuna","lemma":"fortuna","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"fortune"},{"surface":"fidesque","lemma":"fides","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"faith","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"est","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":261,"label":"261","id":"b9-l261","source":"in vestris pono gremiis: revocate parentem,","translation":"I lay in your laps. Call my father back to me,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l261.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"vestris","lemma":"uester","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"pono","lemma":"pono","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"I lay"},{"surface":"gremiis","lemma":"gremium","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"laps"},{"surface":"revocate","lemma":"reuoco","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"call back"},{"surface":"parentem","lemma":"parens","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"father"}]},{"number":262,"label":"262","id":"b9-l262","source":"reddite conspectum; nihil illo triste recepto.","translation":"give me the sight of him; with him recovered nothing is sad.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l262.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"reddite","lemma":"reddo","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"give back"},{"surface":"conspectum","lemma":"conspectus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"sight"},{"surface":"nihil","lemma":"nihil","morphology":"noun, indeclinable","role":"subject","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"illo","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"triste","lemma":"tristis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular neuter","role":"predicate","gloss":"sad"},{"surface":"recepto","lemma":"recipio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"recovered"}]},{"number":263,"label":"263","id":"b9-l263","source":"Bina dabo argento perfecta atque aspera signis","translation":"I will give a pair of cups finished in silver and rough with figures,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l263.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Bina","lemma":"bini","morphology":"numeral, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"a pair of"},{"surface":"dabo","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 1st singular future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"will give"},{"surface":"argento","lemma":"argentum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"silver"},{"surface":"perfecta","lemma":"perficio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"finished"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"aspera","lemma":"asper","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"rough"},{"surface":"signis","lemma":"signum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with figures"}]},{"number":264,"label":"264","id":"b9-l264","source":"pocula, devicta genitor quae cepit Arisba,","translation":"which my father took when Arisba was beaten down,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l264.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"pocula","lemma":"poculum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"cups"},{"surface":"devicta","lemma":"deuinco","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"beaten down"},{"surface":"genitor","lemma":"genitor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"cepit","lemma":"capio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"took"},{"surface":"Arisba","lemma":"arisba","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"Arisba"}]},{"number":265,"label":"265","id":"b9-l265","source":"et tripodas geminos, auri duo magna talenta,","translation":"and two tripods, and two great talents of gold,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l265.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tripodas","lemma":"tripus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"tripods"},{"surface":"geminos","lemma":"geminus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"auri","lemma":"aurum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"of gold"},{"surface":"duo","lemma":"duo","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"magna","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"talenta","lemma":"talentum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"talents"}]},{"number":266,"label":"266","id":"b9-l266","source":"cratera antiquum, quem dat Sidonia Dido.","translation":"and an ancient mixing-bowl that Sidonian Dido gives.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l266.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"cratera","lemma":"cratera","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"mixing-bowl"},{"surface":"antiquum","lemma":"antiquus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"ancient"},{"surface":"quem","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"dat","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"gives"},{"surface":"Sidonia","lemma":"sidonius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Sidonian"},{"surface":"Dido","lemma":"dido","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Dido"}]},{"number":267,"label":"267","id":"b9-l267","source":"Si vero capere Italiam sceptrisque potiri","translation":"But if it falls to us as victors to take Italy","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l267.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Si","lemma":"si","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"vero","lemma":"uero","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"capere","lemma":"capio","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to take"},{"surface":"Italiam","lemma":"italia","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"Italy"},{"surface":"sceptrisque","lemma":"sceptrum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"scepter","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"potiri","lemma":"potior","morphology":"verb, present infinitive deponent","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to hold"}]},{"number":268,"label":"268","id":"b9-l268","source":"contigerit victori et praedae dicere sortem,","translation":"and hold the scepter and assign the lots of the plunder,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l268.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"contigerit","lemma":"contingo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular future perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"it falls"},{"surface":"victori","lemma":"uictor","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to the victor"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"praedae","lemma":"praeda","morphology":"noun, dative singular feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"for the plunder"},{"surface":"dicere","lemma":"dico","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to assign"},{"surface":"sortem","lemma":"sors","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"lot"}]},{"number":269,"label":"269","id":"b9-l269","source":"vidisti quo Turnus equo, quibus ibat in armis","translation":"you saw what horse Turnus rode, in what armor he went,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l269.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"vidisti","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"saw"},{"surface":"quo","lemma":"qui","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"Turnus","lemma":"turnus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Turnus"},{"surface":"equo","lemma":"equus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"horse"},{"surface":"quibus","lemma":"qui","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"ibat","lemma":"eo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"armis","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"armor"}]},{"number":270,"label":"270","id":"b9-l270","source":"aureus: ipsum illum, clipeum cristasque rubentis","translation":"all gold: that very horse, and the shield, and the reddening crest,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l270.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"aureus","lemma":"aureus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"golden"},{"surface":"ipsum","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"that very"},{"surface":"illum","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"clipeum","lemma":"clipeus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"shield"},{"surface":"cristasque","lemma":"crista","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"crests","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"rubentis","lemma":"rubeo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"reddening"}]},{"number":271,"label":"271","id":"b9-l271","source":"excipiam sorti, iam nunc tua praemia, Nise.","translation":"I keep out of the drawing; from this moment they are your prize, Nisus.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l271.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"excipiam","lemma":"excipio","morphology":"verb, 1st singular future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"I keep out"},{"surface":"sorti","lemma":"sors","morphology":"noun, dative singular feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"from the drawing"},{"surface":"iam","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"nunc","lemma":"nunc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"tua","lemma":"tuus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"praemia","lemma":"praemium","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"rewards"},{"surface":"Nise","lemma":"nisus","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"Nisus"}]},{"number":272,"label":"272","id":"b9-l272","source":"Praeterea bis sex genitor lectissima matrum","translation":"Besides, my father will give twelve women, the choicest of them,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l272.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Praeterea","lemma":"praeterea","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"besides"},{"surface":"bis","lemma":"bis","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"twice"},{"surface":"sex","lemma":"sex","morphology":"numeral","role":"modifier","gloss":"six"},{"surface":"genitor","lemma":"genitor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"lectissima","lemma":"lectus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter, superlative","role":"modifier","gloss":"choicest"},{"surface":"matrum","lemma":"mater","morphology":"noun, genitive plural feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of women"}]},{"number":273,"label":"273","id":"b9-l273","source":"corpora captivosque dabit suaque omnibus arma,","translation":"and captive men, and every one of them with his own armor,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l273.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"corpora","lemma":"corpus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"bodies"},{"surface":"captivosque","lemma":"captiuus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"captive men","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"dabit","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"will give"},{"surface":"suaque","lemma":"suus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"his own","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"omnibus","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"pronoun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"each"},{"surface":"arma","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"armor"}]},{"number":274,"label":"274","id":"b9-l274","source":"insuper his campi quod rex habet ipse Latinus.","translation":"and over and above these, the land king Latinus holds himself.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l274.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"insuper","lemma":"insuper","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"over and above"},{"surface":"his","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, dative plural neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"campi","lemma":"campus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of land"},{"surface":"quod","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"rex","lemma":"rex","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"king"},{"surface":"habet","lemma":"habeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"holds"},{"surface":"ipse","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"Latinus","lemma":"latinus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Latinus"}]},{"number":275,"label":"275","id":"b9-l275","source":"Te vero, mea quem spatiis propioribus aetas","translation":"But you, whom my own age follows at a shorter distance,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l275.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"vero","lemma":"uero","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"mea","lemma":"meus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"quem","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"spatiis","lemma":"spatium","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"at a distance"},{"surface":"propioribus","lemma":"propior","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter, comparative","role":"modifier","gloss":"shorter"},{"surface":"aetas","lemma":"aetas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"age"}]},{"number":276,"label":"276","id":"b9-l276","source":"insequitur, venerande puer, iam pectore toto","translation":"boy to be honored, I take you now with my whole heart","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l276.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"insequitur","lemma":"insequor","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"follows"},{"surface":"venerande","lemma":"uenerandus","morphology":"adjective, vocative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"to be honored"},{"surface":"puer","lemma":"puer","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"iam","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"pectore","lemma":"pectus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with heart"},{"surface":"toto","lemma":"totus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"whole"}]},{"number":277,"label":"277","id":"b9-l277","source":"accipio et comitem casus complector in omnis.","translation":"and hold you close, my companion in every turn that comes.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l277.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"accipio","lemma":"accipio","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"I take"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"comitem","lemma":"comes","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"companion"},{"surface":"casus","lemma":"casus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"turn"},{"surface":"complector","lemma":"complector","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"hold close"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"omnis","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"every"}]},{"number":278,"label":"278","id":"b9-l278","source":"Nulla meis sine te quaeretur gloria rebus;","translation":"No glory will be looked for in anything I do without you;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l278.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nulla","lemma":"nullus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"meis","lemma":"meus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"sine","lemma":"sine","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"quaeretur","lemma":"quaero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular future indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"will be looked for"},{"surface":"gloria","lemma":"gloria","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"glory"},{"surface":"rebus","lemma":"res","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in anything I do"}]},{"number":279,"label":"279","id":"b9-l279","source":"seu pacem seu bella geram, tibi maxima rerum","translation":"whether I make peace or war, my greatest faith in deeds","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l279.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"seu","lemma":"seu","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"pacem","lemma":"pax","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"peace"},{"surface":"seu","lemma":"seu","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"bella","lemma":"bellum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"wars"},{"surface":"geram","lemma":"gero","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"I make"},{"surface":"tibi","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"in you"},{"surface":"maxima","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine, superlative","role":"predicate","gloss":"greatest"},{"surface":"rerum","lemma":"res","morphology":"noun, genitive plural feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of deeds"}]},{"number":280,"label":"280","id":"b9-l280","source":"verborumque fides.” Contra quem talia fatur","translation":"and in words shall be in you.” Euryalus answers him","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l280.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"verborumque","lemma":"uerbum","morphology":"noun, genitive plural neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"words","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"fides","lemma":"fides","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"faith"},{"surface":"Contra","lemma":"contra","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"quem","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"talia","lemma":"talis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"fatur","lemma":"for","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"answers"}]},{"number":281,"label":"281","id":"b9-l281","source":"Euryalus: “Me nulla dies tam fortibus ausis","translation":"so: “No day shall convict me of falling short","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l281.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Euryalus","lemma":"euryalus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Euryalus"},{"surface":"Me","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"nulla","lemma":"nullus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"dies","lemma":"dies","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"tam","lemma":"tam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"fortibus","lemma":"fortis","morphology":"adjective, dative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"brave"},{"surface":"ausis","lemma":"ausum","morphology":"noun, dative plural neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"deeds dared"}]},{"number":282,"label":"282","id":"b9-l282","source":"dissimilem arguerit; tantum, fortuna secunda","translation":"of ventures as brave as these; only let fortune fall","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l282.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"dissimilem","lemma":"dissimilis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"unlike"},{"surface":"arguerit","lemma":"arguo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular future perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"will prove"},{"surface":"tantum","lemma":"tantum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"fortuna","lemma":"fortuna","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"fortune"},{"surface":"secunda","lemma":"secundus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"favorable"}]},{"number":283,"label":"283","id":"b9-l283","source":"aut adversa cadat. Sed te super omnia dona","translation":"well or badly. But past all your gifts I ask you","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l283.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"aut","lemma":"aut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"adversa","lemma":"aduersus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"unfavorable"},{"surface":"cadat","lemma":"cado","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"falls"},{"surface":"Sed","lemma":"sed","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"super","lemma":"super","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"beyond"},{"surface":"omnia","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"dona","lemma":"donum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"gifts"}]},{"number":284,"label":"284","id":"b9-l284","source":"unum oro, genetrix Priami de gente vetusta","translation":"one thing. I have a mother, of Priam's ancient line,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l284.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"unum","lemma":"unus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"oro","lemma":"oro","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"beg"},{"surface":"genetrix","lemma":"genetrix","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"Priami","lemma":"priamus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of Priam"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"down from"},{"surface":"gente","lemma":"gens","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"line"},{"surface":"vetusta","lemma":"uetustus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"ancient"}]},{"number":285,"label":"285","id":"b9-l285","source":"est mihi, quam miseram tenuit non Ilia tellus","translation":"and the poor woman was not held back by the land of Ilium","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l285.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"est","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"mihi","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"quam","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"whom"},{"surface":"miseram","lemma":"miser","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"poor"},{"surface":"tenuit","lemma":"teneo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"held"},{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"Ilia","lemma":"ilius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Ilian"},{"surface":"tellus","lemma":"tellus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"land"}]},{"number":286,"label":"286","id":"b9-l286","source":"mecum excedentem, non moenia regis Acestae.","translation":"when she came away with me, nor by king Acestes' walls.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l286.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"mecum","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with me"},{"surface":"excedentem","lemma":"excedo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"departing"},{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"moenia","lemma":"moenia","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"walls"},{"surface":"regis","lemma":"rex","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"king"},{"surface":"Acestae","lemma":"acestes","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Acestes"}]},{"number":287,"label":"287","id":"b9-l287","source":"Hanc ego nunc ignaram huius quodcumque pericli est","translation":"Her I am leaving now, knowing nothing of this danger, whatever it is,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l287.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hanc","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"ego","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"nunc","lemma":"nunc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"ignaram","lemma":"ignarus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"unaware"},{"surface":"huius","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"of this"},{"surface":"quodcumque","lemma":"quicumque","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"whatever"},{"surface":"pericli","lemma":"periclum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"of danger"},{"surface":"est","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":288,"label":"288","id":"b9-l288","source":"inque salutatam linquo: nox et tua testis","translation":"and with no goodbye said: night is my witness, and your","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l288.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"inque salutatam","title":"Tmesis splitting one word in two","body":"The word is insalutatam, 'ungreeted', but Latin verse can split a compound and insert another word inside it, here que. Inque salutatam is that same word cut apart, with the -que doing the work of 'and' in the middle."}],"words":[{"surface":"inque","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"particle","gloss":"and","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"salutatam","lemma":"saluto","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been greeted"},{"surface":"linquo","lemma":"linquo","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"leave"},{"surface":"nox","lemma":"nox","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tua","lemma":"tuus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"testis","lemma":"testis","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"witness"}]},{"number":289,"label":"289","id":"b9-l289","source":"dextera, quod nequeam lacrumas perferre parentis","translation":"right hand, that I could not carry a mother's tears.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l289.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"dextera","lemma":"dextera","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"right hand"},{"surface":"quod","lemma":"quod","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"nequeam","lemma":"nequeo","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"I cannot"},{"surface":"lacrumas","lemma":"lacrima","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"tears"},{"surface":"perferre","lemma":"perfero","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to bear"},{"surface":"parentis","lemma":"parens","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of a mother"}]},{"number":290,"label":"290","id":"b9-l290","source":"at tu, oro, solare inopem et succurre relictae.","translation":"But you, I beg, comfort her want and stand by her when she is left.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l290.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"oro","lemma":"oro","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"beg"},{"surface":"solare","lemma":"solor","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative deponent","role":"command","gloss":"comfort"},{"surface":"inopem","lemma":"inops","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"the helpless one"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"succurre","lemma":"succurro","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"help"},{"surface":"relictae","lemma":"relinquo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive dative singular feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"the one left behind"}]},{"number":291,"label":"291","id":"b9-l291","source":"Hanc sine me spem ferre tui: audentior ibo","translation":"Let me take this hope of you away with me: I will go bolder","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l291.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hanc","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"sine","lemma":"sino","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"allow"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"spem","lemma":"spes","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"hope"},{"surface":"ferre","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to carry"},{"surface":"tui","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, genitive singular","role":"possessive","gloss":"of you"},{"surface":"audentior","lemma":"audens","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine, comparative","role":"modifier","gloss":"bolder"},{"surface":"ibo","lemma":"eo","morphology":"verb, 1st singular future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"will go"}]},{"number":292,"label":"292","id":"b9-l292","source":"in casus omnis.” Percussa mente dedere","translation":"into everything that comes.” Struck to the heart, the sons of Dardanus","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l292.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"casus","lemma":"casus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"chances"},{"surface":"omnis","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"Percussa","lemma":"percutio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"struck"},{"surface":"mente","lemma":"mens","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"mind"},{"surface":"dedere","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"gave"}]},{"number":293,"label":"293","id":"b9-l293","source":"Dardanidae lacrimas; ante omnis pulcher Iulus,","translation":"gave way to tears; beautiful Iulus before them all,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l293.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dardanidae","lemma":"dardanidae","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"sons of Dardanus"},{"surface":"lacrimas","lemma":"lacrima","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"tears"},{"surface":"ante","lemma":"ante","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"omnis","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"pulcher","lemma":"pulcher","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"beautiful"},{"surface":"Iulus","lemma":"iulus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Iulus"}]},{"number":294,"label":"294","id":"b9-l294","source":"atque animum patriae strinxit pietatis imago.","translation":"and the picture of a son's duty to a father wrung him.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l294.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"patriae strinxit pietatis imago","title":"Stringo as a tightening pull","body":"Stringo means 'to graze' or 'to draw tight', not simply 'to move'. Patriae pietatis imago, 'the image of duty to a father', pulls at Iulus in this sense, tightening on him rather than merely affecting him."}],"words":[{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"animum","lemma":"animus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"heart"},{"surface":"patriae","lemma":"patrius","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of a father"},{"surface":"strinxit","lemma":"stringo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"wrung, gripped"},{"surface":"pietatis","lemma":"pietas","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of duty"},{"surface":"imago","lemma":"imago","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"image"}]},{"number":295,"label":"295","id":"b9-l295","source":"Tum sic effatur:","translation":"Then he speaks so:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l295.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"sic","lemma":"sic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"effatur","lemma":"effor","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"speaks"}]},{"number":296,"label":"296","id":"b9-l296","source":"“Sponde digna tuis ingentibus omnia coeptis.","translation":"“Promise yourself everything worthy of the huge thing you begin.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l296.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sponde","lemma":"spondeo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"promise"},{"surface":"digna","lemma":"dignus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"worthy"},{"surface":"tuis","lemma":"tuus","morphology":"adjective, dative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"ingentibus","lemma":"ingens","morphology":"adjective, dative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"huge"},{"surface":"omnia","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"coeptis","lemma":"coeptum","morphology":"noun, dative plural neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"undertakings"}]},{"number":297,"label":"297","id":"b9-l297","source":"Namque erit ista mihi genetrix nomenque Creusae","translation":"For she shall be a mother to me, and only the name of Creusa","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l297.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Namque","lemma":"namque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"for indeed"},{"surface":"erit","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"will be"},{"surface":"ista","lemma":"iste","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"mihi","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"genetrix","lemma":"genetrix","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"nomenque","lemma":"nomen","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"name"},{"surface":"Creusae","lemma":"creusa","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Creusa"}]},{"number":298,"label":"298","id":"b9-l298","source":"solum defuerit, nec partum gratia talem","translation":"will be missing, and no small gratitude waits on the bearing","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l298.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"solum","lemma":"solum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"defuerit","lemma":"desum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular future perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"will be lacking"},{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"partum","lemma":"partus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"bearing"},{"surface":"gratia","lemma":"gratia","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"gratitude"},{"surface":"talem","lemma":"talis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"such"}]},{"number":299,"label":"299","id":"b9-l299","source":"parva manet. Casus factum quicumque sequentur,","translation":"of such a son. Whatever turns follow on the deed,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l299.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"parva","lemma":"paruus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"manet","lemma":"maneo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"remains"},{"surface":"Casus","lemma":"casus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"chances"},{"surface":"factum","lemma":"factum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"the deed"},{"surface":"quicumque","lemma":"quicumque","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"whatever"},{"surface":"sequentur","lemma":"sequor","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural future indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"will follow"}]},{"number":300,"label":"300","id":"b9-l300","source":"per caput hoc iuro, per quod pater ante solebat:","translation":"I swear by this head, by which my father used to swear before me:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l300.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"caput","lemma":"caput","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"hoc","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"iuro","lemma":"iuro","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"swear"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"quod","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"pater","lemma":"pater","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"ante","lemma":"ante","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"solebat","lemma":"soleo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"was accustomed"}]},{"number":301,"label":"301","id":"b9-l301","source":"quae tibi polliceor reduci rebusque secundis,","translation":"what I promise you for your coming back and for a good end,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l301.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"which things"},{"surface":"tibi","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"polliceor","lemma":"polliceor","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative deponent","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"promise"},{"surface":"reduci","lemma":"redux","morphology":"adjective, dative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"returning safe"},{"surface":"rebusque","lemma":"res","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"and circumstances","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"secundis","lemma":"secundus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"favorable"}]},{"number":302,"label":"302","id":"b9-l302","source":"haec eadem matrique tuae generique manebunt.”","translation":"these same things shall stand for your mother and for your house.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l302.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"haec","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"eadem","lemma":"idem","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"same"},{"surface":"matrique","lemma":"mater","morphology":"noun, dative singular feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"mother","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"tuae","lemma":"tuus","morphology":"adjective, dative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"generique","lemma":"genus","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"family, kin","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"manebunt","lemma":"maneo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"will remain"}]},{"number":303,"label":"303","id":"b9-l303","source":"Sic ait inlacrimans; umero simul exuit ensem","translation":"So he says, in tears; and at the same time he lifts from his shoulder","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l303.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sic","lemma":"sic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"ait","lemma":"aio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"says"},{"surface":"inlacrimans","lemma":"illacrimo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"weeping over"},{"surface":"umero","lemma":"umerus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"from his shoulder"},{"surface":"simul","lemma":"simul","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at the same time"},{"surface":"exuit","lemma":"exuo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"strips off"},{"surface":"ensem","lemma":"ensis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"sword"}]},{"number":304,"label":"304","id":"b9-l304","source":"auratum, mira quem fecerat arte Lycaon","translation":"the gilded sword that Lycaon of Cnossos had made with wonderful","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l304.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"auratum","lemma":"auratus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"gilded"},{"surface":"mira","lemma":"mirus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"wonderful"},{"surface":"quem","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"fecerat","lemma":"facio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"arte","lemma":"ars","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"skill"},{"surface":"Lycaon","lemma":"lycaon","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Lycaon"}]},{"number":305,"label":"305","id":"b9-l305","source":"Gnosius atque habilem vagina aptarat eburna.","translation":"skill and fitted, easy to the hand, in an ivory sheath.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l305.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Gnosius","lemma":"gnosius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Cnossian"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"habilem","lemma":"habilis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"handy"},{"surface":"vagina","lemma":"uagina","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in a sheath"},{"surface":"aptarat","lemma":"apto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"had fitted"},{"surface":"eburna","lemma":"eburnus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"ivory"}]},{"number":306,"label":"306","id":"b9-l306","source":"Dat Niso Mnestheus pellem horrentisque leonis","translation":"Mnestheus gives Nisus a hide, the stripped skin of a bristling","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l306.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dat","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"gives"},{"surface":"Niso","lemma":"nisus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to Nisus"},{"surface":"Mnestheus","lemma":"mnestheus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Mnestheus"},{"surface":"pellem","lemma":"pellis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"hide"},{"surface":"horrentisque","lemma":"horreo","morphology":"participle, present active genitive singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"and bristling","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"leonis","lemma":"leo","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"lion"}]},{"number":307,"label":"307","id":"b9-l307","source":"exuvias; galeam fidus permutat Aletes.","translation":"lion; loyal Aletes changes helmets with him.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l307.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"exuvias","lemma":"exuuiae","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"apposition","gloss":"spoils"},{"surface":"galeam","lemma":"galea","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"helmet"},{"surface":"fidus","lemma":"fidus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"loyal"},{"surface":"permutat","lemma":"permuto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"exchanges"},{"surface":"Aletes","lemma":"aletes","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Aletes"}]},{"number":308,"label":"308","id":"b9-l308","source":"Protinus armati incedunt; quos omnis euntis","translation":"They move off armed at once; and as they go, the whole company","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l308.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Protinus","lemma":"protinus","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"armati","lemma":"armo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"armed"},{"surface":"incedunt","lemma":"incedo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"march"},{"surface":"quos","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"omnis","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"euntis","lemma":"eo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"going"}]},{"number":309,"label":"309","id":"b9-l309","source":"primorum manus ad portas iuvenumque senumque","translation":"of the chief men, young and old, sees them to the gates","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l309.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"primorum","lemma":"primores","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"nobles, men of the first rank"},{"surface":"manus","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"band"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"portas","lemma":"porta","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"gates"},{"surface":"iuvenumque","lemma":"iuuenis","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"young man"},{"surface":"senumque","lemma":"senex","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"old men"}]},{"number":310,"label":"310","id":"b9-l310","source":"prosequitur votis. Nec non et pulcher Iulus,","translation":"with prayers. And beautiful Iulus too,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l310.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"prosequitur","lemma":"prosequor","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"escorts"},{"surface":"votis","lemma":"uotum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with prayers"},{"surface":"Nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"pulcher","lemma":"pulcher","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"beautiful"},{"surface":"Iulus","lemma":"iulus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Iulus"}]},{"number":311,"label":"311","id":"b9-l311","source":"ante annos animumque gerens curamque virilem,","translation":"carrying a man's mind and a man's care before his years,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l311.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ante","lemma":"ante","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"beyond"},{"surface":"annos","lemma":"annus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"his years"},{"surface":"animumque","lemma":"animus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"mind","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"gerens","lemma":"gero","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"bearing"},{"surface":"curamque","lemma":"cura","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"care"},{"surface":"virilem","lemma":"uirilis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"manly"}]},{"number":312,"label":"312","id":"b9-l312","source":"multa patri mandata dabat portanda: sed aurae","translation":"kept giving them charges to take to his father: but the winds","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l312.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"multa","lemma":"multus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"patri","lemma":"pater","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"mandata","lemma":"mandatum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"messages"},{"surface":"dabat","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"kept giving"},{"surface":"portanda","lemma":"porto","morphology":"gerundive, accusative plural neuter","role":"obligation","gloss":"to be carried"},{"surface":"sed","lemma":"sed","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"aurae","lemma":"aura","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"breezes"}]},{"number":313,"label":"313","id":"b9-l313","source":"omnia discerpunt et nubibus inrita donant.","translation":"tear them all up and hand them, void, to the clouds.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l313.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"sed aurae omnia discerpunt et nubibus inrita donant","title":"The winds tear up the messages","body":"Inritus is a legal word for a contract made void or an act rescinded. The line says the winds tear the shouted messages apart, aurae discerpunt, and hand them, void, inrita donant, to the clouds instead of to their target."}],"words":[{"surface":"omnia","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"discerpunt","lemma":"discerpo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"pluck or tear in pieces"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"nubibus","lemma":"nubes","morphology":"noun, dative plural feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"clouds"},{"surface":"inrita","lemma":"inritus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"void"},{"surface":"donant","lemma":"dono","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"give"}]},{"number":314,"label":"314","id":"b9-l314","source":"Egressi superant fossas noctisque per umbram","translation":"Once out, they get over the ditches, and through the shadow of night","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l314.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Egressi","lemma":"egredior","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having gone out"},{"surface":"superant","lemma":"supero","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"cross"},{"surface":"fossas","lemma":"fossa","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"ditches"},{"surface":"noctisque","lemma":"nox","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of night","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"umbram","lemma":"umbra","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"shadow"}]},{"number":315,"label":"315","id":"b9-l315","source":"castra inimica petunt, multis tamen ante futuri","translation":"make for the enemy camp, though they will be the death of many","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l315.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"castra","lemma":"castra","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"camp"},{"surface":"inimica","lemma":"inimicus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"enemy"},{"surface":"petunt","lemma":"peto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"make for"},{"surface":"multis","lemma":"multus","morphology":"adjective, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"tamen","lemma":"tamen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"ante","lemma":"ante","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"beforehand"},{"surface":"futuri","lemma":"futurus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"about to be, destined"}]},{"number":316,"label":"316","id":"b9-l316","source":"exitio. Passim somno vinoque per herbam","translation":"before that. Everywhere they see bodies sprawled through the grass","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l316.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"exitio","lemma":"exitium","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"predicate","gloss":"for destruction"},{"surface":"Passim","lemma":"passim","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"everywhere"},{"surface":"somno","lemma":"somnus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"sleep"},{"surface":"vinoque","lemma":"uinum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"wine"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"herbam","lemma":"herba","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"grass"}]},{"number":317,"label":"317","id":"b9-l317","source":"corpora fusa vident, arrectos litore currus,","translation":"in sleep and wine, chariots tilted up on the shore,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l317.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"corpora","lemma":"corpus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"bodies"},{"surface":"fusa","lemma":"fundo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"sprawled"},{"surface":"vident","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"arrectos","lemma":"arrigo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"reared up"},{"surface":"litore","lemma":"litus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"place","gloss":"on the shore"},{"surface":"currus","lemma":"currus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"chariots"}]},{"number":318,"label":"318","id":"b9-l318","source":"inter lora rotasque viros, simul arma iacere,","translation":"men in among the reins and the wheels, and weapons lying there,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l318.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"inter","lemma":"inter","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"lora","lemma":"lorum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"reins"},{"surface":"rotasque","lemma":"rota","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"wheels"},{"surface":"viros","lemma":"uir","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"simul","lemma":"simul","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"likewise"},{"surface":"arma","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"weapons"},{"surface":"iacere","lemma":"iaceo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to lie"}]},{"number":319,"label":"319","id":"b9-l319","source":"vina simul. Prior Hyrtacides sic ore locutus:","translation":"and wine. The son of Hyrtacus spoke first, so:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l319.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"vina","lemma":"uinum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"wine"},{"surface":"simul","lemma":"simul","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"likewise"},{"surface":"Prior","lemma":"prior","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine, comparative","role":"modifier","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"Hyrtacides","lemma":"hyrtacides","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"son of Hyrtacus"},{"surface":"sic","lemma":"sic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"ore","lemma":"os","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"mouth"},{"surface":"locutus","lemma":"loquor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular masculine","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke"}]},{"number":320,"label":"320","id":"b9-l320","source":"“Euryale, audendum dextra; nunc ipsa vocat res.","translation":"“Euryalus, the hand has to dare now; the thing itself is calling.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l320.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Euryale","lemma":"euryalus","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"Euryalus"},{"surface":"audendum","lemma":"audeo","morphology":"gerundive, nominative singular neuter","role":"obligation","gloss":"to be dared"},{"surface":"dextra","lemma":"dextera","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"nunc","lemma":"nunc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"ipsa","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"vocat","lemma":"uoco","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"calls"},{"surface":"res","lemma":"res","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"the situation"}]},{"number":321,"label":"321","id":"b9-l321","source":"Hac iter est. Tu, ne qua manus se attollere nobis","translation":"The road runs this way. You watch, and look a long way off,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l321.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hac","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"iter","lemma":"iter","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"the road"},{"surface":"est","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"Tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"ne","lemma":"ne","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"lest"},{"surface":"qua","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"manus","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"force"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"attollere","lemma":"attollo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to raise"},{"surface":"nobis","lemma":"nos","morphology":"pronoun, dative plural","role":"indirect object","gloss":"against us"}]},{"number":322,"label":"322","id":"b9-l322","source":"a tergo possit, custodi et consule longe;","translation":"so that no force can lift itself at our backs;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l322.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"tergo","lemma":"tergum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the rear"},{"surface":"possit","lemma":"possum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"custodi","lemma":"custodio","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"watch"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"consule","lemma":"consulo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"watch out, take care"},{"surface":"longe","lemma":"longe","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"far"}]},{"number":323,"label":"323","id":"b9-l323","source":"haec ego vasta dabo et lato te limite ducam.”","translation":"I will make a waste of this and lead you along a broad track.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l323.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"haec","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"ego","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"vasta","lemma":"uastus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"predicate","gloss":"waste"},{"surface":"dabo","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 1st singular future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"I will make"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lato","lemma":"latus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"broad"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"limite","lemma":"limes","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by a track"},{"surface":"ducam","lemma":"duco","morphology":"verb, 1st singular future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"will lead"}]},{"number":324,"label":"324","id":"b9-l324","source":"Sic memorat vocemque premit; simul ense superbum","translation":"So he says, and shuts his voice down; at the same moment he goes with the sword","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l324.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sic","lemma":"sic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"memorat","lemma":"memoro","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"says"},{"surface":"vocemque","lemma":"uox","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"voice"},{"surface":"premit","lemma":"premo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"checks"},{"surface":"simul","lemma":"simul","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at the same time"},{"surface":"ense","lemma":"ensis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"sword"},{"surface":"superbum","lemma":"superbus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"proud"}]},{"number":325,"label":"325","id":"b9-l325","source":"Rhamnetem adgreditur, qui forte tapetibus altis","translation":"at proud Rhamnes, who happened to be piled high on rugs","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l325.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Rhamnetem","lemma":"rhamnes","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Rhamnes"},{"surface":"adgreditur","lemma":"aggredior","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"attacks"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"forte","lemma":"forte","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"by chance"},{"surface":"tapetibus","lemma":"tapete","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"rugs"},{"surface":"altis","lemma":"altus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"high"}]},{"number":326,"label":"326","id":"b9-l326","source":"exstructus toto proflabat pectore somnum.","translation":"and was blowing out sleep with the whole of his chest.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l326.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"exstructus","lemma":"exstruo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"piled up"},{"surface":"toto","lemma":"totus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"proflabat","lemma":"proflo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was breathing out"},{"surface":"pectore","lemma":"pectus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"chest"},{"surface":"somnum","lemma":"somnus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"sleep"}]},{"number":327,"label":"327","id":"b9-l327","source":"Rex idem et regi Turno gratissimus augur,","translation":"He was a king himself, and the augur dearest to king Turnus,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l327.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Rex","lemma":"rex","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"king"},{"surface":"idem","lemma":"idem","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"regi","lemma":"rex","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"king"},{"surface":"Turno","lemma":"turnus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"Turnus"},{"surface":"gratissimus","lemma":"gratus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine, superlative","role":"predicate","gloss":"dearest"},{"surface":"augur","lemma":"augur","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"diviner"}]},{"number":328,"label":"328","id":"b9-l328","source":"sed non augurio potuit depellere pestem.","translation":"but he could not drive the ruin off by augury.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l328.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sed","lemma":"sed","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"augurio","lemma":"augurium","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"augury"},{"surface":"potuit","lemma":"possum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was able"},{"surface":"depellere","lemma":"depello","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to drive away"},{"surface":"pestem","lemma":"pestis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"ruin"}]},{"number":329,"label":"329","id":"b9-l329","source":"Tris iuxta famulos temere inter tela iacentis","translation":"Three servants lying anyhow among the weapons beside him","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l329.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tris","lemma":"tres","morphology":"numeral, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"iuxta","lemma":"iuxta","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"nearby"},{"surface":"famulos","lemma":"famulus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"servants"},{"surface":"temere","lemma":"temere","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"carelessly"},{"surface":"inter","lemma":"inter","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"tela","lemma":"telum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"weapons"},{"surface":"iacentis","lemma":"iaceo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"lying"}]},{"number":330,"label":"330","id":"b9-l330","source":"armigerumque Remi premit aurigamque sub ipsis","translation":"he crushes, and Remus' armor-bearer, and his driver, caught","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l330.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"armigerumque","lemma":"armiger","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"armor-bearer","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"Remi","lemma":"remus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of Remus"},{"surface":"premit","lemma":"premo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"crushes"},{"surface":"aurigamque","lemma":"auriga","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"and charioteer"},{"surface":"sub","lemma":"sub","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"ipsis","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"the very"}]},{"number":331,"label":"331","id":"b9-l331","source":"nanctus equis ferroque secat pendentia colla;","translation":"right under the horses, and cuts their hanging necks with iron;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l331.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"nanctus","lemma":"nanciscor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having caught"},{"surface":"equis","lemma":"equus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"horses"},{"surface":"ferroque","lemma":"ferrum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"and with the sword","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"secat","lemma":"seco","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"cuts"},{"surface":"pendentia","lemma":"pendeo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"hanging"},{"surface":"colla","lemma":"collum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"necks"}]},{"number":332,"label":"332","id":"b9-l332","source":"tum caput ipsi aufert domino truncumque relinquit","translation":"then he takes the head from the master himself and leaves the trunk","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l332.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"caput","lemma":"caput","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"ipsi","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"adjective, dative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"the very"},{"surface":"aufert","lemma":"aufero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"takes away"},{"surface":"domino","lemma":"dominus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"from the master"},{"surface":"truncumque","lemma":"truncus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"trunk, body"},{"surface":"relinquit","lemma":"relinquo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"leaves behind"}]},{"number":333,"label":"333","id":"b9-l333","source":"sanguine singultantem; atro tepefacta cruore","translation":"sobbing blood; the ground and the couches are soaked","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l333.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sanguine","lemma":"sanguis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"blood"},{"surface":"singultantem","lemma":"singulto","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"sobbing"},{"surface":"atro","lemma":"ater","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"black"},{"surface":"tepefacta","lemma":"tepefacio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"warmed"},{"surface":"cruore","lemma":"cruor","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with gore"}]},{"number":334,"label":"334","id":"b9-l334","source":"terra torique madent. Nec non Lamyrumque Lamumque","translation":"and warm with black gore. And Lamyrus too, and Lamus,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l334.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"terra","lemma":"terra","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"ground"},{"surface":"torique","lemma":"torus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"and couches","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"madent","lemma":"madeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"be wet"},{"surface":"Nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"Lamyrumque","lemma":"lamyrus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Lamyrus","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"Lamumque","lemma":"lamus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Lamus","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""}]},{"number":335,"label":"335","id":"b9-l335","source":"et iuvenem Serranum, illa qui plurima nocte","translation":"and young Serranus, who had played very deep into that night,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l335.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"iuvenem","lemma":"iuuenis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"young"},{"surface":"Serranum","lemma":"serranus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Serranus"},{"surface":"illa","lemma":"ille","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"plurima","lemma":"multus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine, superlative","role":"modifier","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"nocte","lemma":"nox","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"night"}]},{"number":336,"label":"336","id":"b9-l336","source":"luserat, insignis facie, multoque iacebat","translation":"a marked man for his looks, and lay with his limbs","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l336.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"luserat","lemma":"ludo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"played"},{"surface":"insignis","lemma":"insignis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"marked out"},{"surface":"facie","lemma":"facies","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in looks"},{"surface":"multoque","lemma":"multus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"much","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"iacebat","lemma":"iaceo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was lying"}]},{"number":337,"label":"337","id":"b9-l337","source":"membra deo victus: felix, si protinus illum","translation":"beaten by too much of the god: lucky, if he had gone on","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l337.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"multo membra deo victus","title":"Beaten by the god","body":"Deo here stands for wine, Bacchus present in the body rather than named directly. Multo membra deo victus means 'his limbs overcome by much of the god', describing Serranus overpowered by drink before the attack."}],"words":[{"surface":"membra","lemma":"membrum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"limbs"},{"surface":"deo","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by the god"},{"surface":"victus","lemma":"uinco","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"overcome"},{"surface":"felix","lemma":"felix","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"lucky"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"protinus","lemma":"protinus","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"straight on"},{"surface":"illum","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"that"}]},{"number":338,"label":"338","id":"b9-l338","source":"aequasset nocti ludum in lucemque tulisset.","translation":"and matched his play to the night and carried it through to daylight.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l338.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"aequasset","lemma":"aequo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"had matched"},{"surface":"nocti","lemma":"nox","morphology":"noun, dative singular feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"ludum","lemma":"ludus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"game"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"lucemque","lemma":"lux","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"and daylight","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"tulisset","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"carried"}]},{"number":339,"label":"339","id":"b9-l339","source":"Impastus ceu plena leo per ovilia turbans","translation":"As an unfed lion ravaging through a full sheepfold,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l339.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Impastus","lemma":"impastus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"unfed"},{"surface":"ceu","lemma":"ceu","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"plena","lemma":"plenus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"full"},{"surface":"leo","lemma":"leo","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"lion"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"ovilia","lemma":"ouile","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"sheepfolds"},{"surface":"turbans","lemma":"turbo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"throwing into confusion"}]},{"number":340,"label":"340","id":"b9-l340","source":"(suadet enim vesana fames) manditque trahitque","translation":"(for a mad hunger drives him) chews and drags","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l340.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"suadet","lemma":"suadeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"urges"},{"surface":"enim","lemma":"enim","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"vesana","lemma":"uesanus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"mad"},{"surface":"fames","lemma":"fames","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"hunger"},{"surface":"manditque","lemma":"mando","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"chews"},{"surface":"trahitque","lemma":"traho","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"drags"}]},{"number":341,"label":"341","id":"b9-l341","source":"molle pecus mutumque metu, fremit ore cruento:","translation":"the soft flock, dumb with terror, and growls with a bloody mouth:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l341.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"molle","lemma":"mollis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"soft"},{"surface":"pecus","lemma":"pecus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"flock"},{"surface":"mutumque","lemma":"mutus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"dumb, silent","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"metu","lemma":"metus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"fear"},{"surface":"fremit","lemma":"fremo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"growls"},{"surface":"ore","lemma":"os","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"mouth"},{"surface":"cruento","lemma":"cruentus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"bloody"}]},{"number":342,"label":"342","id":"b9-l342","source":"nec minor Euryali caedes; incensus et ipse","translation":"the killing Euryalus does is no less; he too catches fire","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l342.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"minor","lemma":"paruus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine, comparative","role":"predicate","gloss":"less"},{"surface":"Euryali","lemma":"euryalus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Euryalus"},{"surface":"caedes","lemma":"caedes","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"slaughter"},{"surface":"incensus","lemma":"incendo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"inflamed, fired up"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"ipse","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"himself"}]},{"number":343,"label":"343","id":"b9-l343","source":"perfurit ac multam in medio sine nomine plebem,","translation":"and rages through a great nameless crowd in the middle of it,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l343.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"multam in medio sine nomine plebem","title":"A crowd with no names","body":"Plebs names the common people, as opposed to those given names and titles elsewhere in the passage. Sine nomine, 'without a name', states directly that most of the dead in this crowd will not be listed by name."}],"words":[{"surface":"perfurit","lemma":"perfuro","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"rages"},{"surface":"ac","lemma":"ac","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"multam","lemma":"multus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"great, large"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"medio","lemma":"medium","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"middle"},{"surface":"sine","lemma":"sine","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"nomine","lemma":"nomen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"name"},{"surface":"plebem","lemma":"plebs","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"crowd"}]},{"number":344,"label":"344","id":"b9-l344","source":"Fadumque Herbesumque subit Rhoetumque Abarimque,","translation":"and comes on Fadus and Herbesus and Rhoetus and Abaris,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l344.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Fadumque","lemma":"fadus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Fadus"},{"surface":"Herbesumque","lemma":"herbesus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Herbesus","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"subit","lemma":"subeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"comes upon"},{"surface":"Rhoetumque","lemma":"rhoetus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Rhoetus"},{"surface":"Abarimque","lemma":"abaris","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Abaris","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""}]},{"number":345,"label":"345","id":"b9-l345","source":"ignaros, Rhoetum vigilantem et cuncta videntem,","translation":"who knew nothing, Rhoetus awake and seeing it all,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l345.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ignaros","lemma":"ignarus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"unaware"},{"surface":"Rhoetum","lemma":"rhoetus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Rhoetus"},{"surface":"vigilantem","lemma":"uigilo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"remaining awake"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"cuncta","lemma":"cunctus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"videntem","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"seeing"}]},{"number":346,"label":"346","id":"b9-l346","source":"sed magnum metuens se post cratera tegebat;","translation":"but afraid, and hiding himself behind a great bowl;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l346.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sed","lemma":"sed","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"magnum","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"greatly"},{"surface":"metuens","lemma":"metuo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"fearing"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"post","lemma":"post","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"behind"},{"surface":"cratera","lemma":"crater","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"a bowl"},{"surface":"tegebat","lemma":"tego","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was hiding"}]},{"number":347,"label":"347","id":"b9-l347","source":"pectore in adverso totum cui comminus ensem","translation":"as he rose to meet it, Euryalus drove the whole sword, close in,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l347.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"pectore","lemma":"pectus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"place","gloss":"in the chest"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"adverso","lemma":"aduersus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"facing"},{"surface":"totum","lemma":"totus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"cui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"on him"},{"surface":"comminus","lemma":"comminus","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at close quarters"},{"surface":"ensem","lemma":"ensis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"sword"}]},{"number":348,"label":"348","id":"b9-l348","source":"condidit adsurgenti et multa morte recepit.","translation":"into his chest, and drew it back full of death.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l348.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"condidit","lemma":"condo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"buried, plunged"},{"surface":"adsurgenti","lemma":"assurgo","morphology":"participle, present active dative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"as he rose up"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"multa","lemma":"multus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"morte","lemma":"mors","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"death"},{"surface":"recepit","lemma":"recipio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"took back"}]},{"number":349,"label":"349","id":"b9-l349","source":"Purpuream vomit ille animam et cum sanguine mixta","translation":"He vomits up a crimson life and, dying, brings back wine","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l349.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Purpuream","lemma":"purpureus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"crimson"},{"surface":"vomit","lemma":"uomo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"vomits"},{"surface":"ille","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"animam","lemma":"anima","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"life-breath"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sanguine","lemma":"sanguis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"blood"},{"surface":"mixta","lemma":"misceo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been mixed"}]},{"number":350,"label":"350","id":"b9-l350","source":"vina refert moriens; hic furto fervidus instat.","translation":"mixed with blood; the other presses on, hot at his stealing work.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l350.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"vina","lemma":"uinum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"wine"},{"surface":"refert","lemma":"refero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"brings back"},{"surface":"moriens","lemma":"morior","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"dying"},{"surface":"hic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"furto","lemma":"furtum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"stealthy work"},{"surface":"fervidus","lemma":"feruidus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"hot"},{"surface":"instat","lemma":"insto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"presses on"}]},{"number":351,"label":"351","id":"b9-l351","source":"Iamque ad Messapi socios tendebat; ibi ignem","translation":"And now he was making for Messapus' men; there he could see","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l351.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Iamque","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"and now","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Messapi","lemma":"messapus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Messapus"},{"surface":"socios","lemma":"socius","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"companions"},{"surface":"tendebat","lemma":"tendo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was heading"},{"surface":"ibi","lemma":"ibi","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"ignem","lemma":"ignis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"fire"}]},{"number":352,"label":"352","id":"b9-l352","source":"deficere extremum et religatos rite videbat","translation":"the last of the fire failing, and the horses, tethered in order,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l352.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"deficere","lemma":"deficio","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to be dying down"},{"surface":"extremum","lemma":"extremus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"last"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"religatos","lemma":"religo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"tethered"},{"surface":"rite","lemma":"rite","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"duly"},{"surface":"videbat","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was seeing"}]},{"number":353,"label":"353","id":"b9-l353","source":"carpere gramen equos: breviter cum talia Nisus.","translation":"cropping the grass. Then Nisus, briefly, in these words.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l353.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"carpere","lemma":"carpo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"cropping"},{"surface":"gramen","lemma":"gramen","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"grass"},{"surface":"equos","lemma":"equus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"horses"},{"surface":"breviter","lemma":"breuiter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"briefly"},{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"talia","lemma":"talis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"Nisus","lemma":"nisus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Nisus"}]},{"number":354,"label":"354","id":"b9-l354","source":"sensit enim nimia caede atque cupidine ferri:","translation":"for he felt that he was being carried away by too much killing and by hunger for it:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l354.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sensit","lemma":"sentio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"felt"},{"surface":"enim","lemma":"enim","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"nimia","lemma":"nimius","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"too much"},{"surface":"caede","lemma":"caedes","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by killing"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"cupidine","lemma":"cupido","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"desire"},{"surface":"ferri","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, present infinitive passive","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to be carried"}]},{"number":355,"label":"355","id":"b9-l355","source":"“Absistamus,” ait, “nam lux inimica propinquat.","translation":"“Let us break off,” he says; “the daylight is coming, and it is no friend.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l355.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Absistamus","lemma":"absisto","morphology":"verb, 1st plural present subjunctive active","role":"command","gloss":"let us stop"},{"surface":"ait","lemma":"aio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"says"},{"surface":"nam","lemma":"nam","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"lux","lemma":"lux","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"daylight"},{"surface":"inimica","lemma":"inimicus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"unfriendly"},{"surface":"propinquat","lemma":"propinquo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"approaches"}]},{"number":356,"label":"356","id":"b9-l356","source":"Poenarum exhaustum satis est, via facta per hostis.”","translation":"Enough has been drained out in payment; a way has been made through them.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l356.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Poenarum exhaustum satis est","title":"Poena as a debt drained dry","body":"Poena is the price paid to settle a wrong, and exhaurio means to drain a vessel dry. Poenarum exhaustum satis est, 'enough of the payment has been drained out', treats the killing as a debt now paid in full."}],"words":[{"surface":"Poenarum","lemma":"poena","morphology":"noun, genitive plural feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"penalties"},{"surface":"exhaustum","lemma":"exhaurio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"what has been drained"},{"surface":"satis","lemma":"satis","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"enough"},{"surface":"est","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"via","lemma":"uia","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"a way"},{"surface":"facta","lemma":"facio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"hostis","lemma":"hostis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the enemy"}]},{"number":357,"label":"357","id":"b9-l357","source":"Multa virum solido argento perfecta relinquunt","translation":"Much gear of men, worked in solid silver, they leave behind,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l357.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Multa","lemma":"multus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"many things"},{"surface":"virum","lemma":"uir","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of men"},{"surface":"solido","lemma":"solidus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"solid"},{"surface":"argento","lemma":"argentum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"silver"},{"surface":"perfecta","lemma":"perficio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"wrought"},{"surface":"relinquunt","lemma":"relinquo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"leave behind"}]},{"number":358,"label":"358","id":"b9-l358","source":"armaque craterasque simul pulchrosque tapetas.","translation":"armor and mixing-bowls together, and beautiful rugs.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l358.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"armaque","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"and armor","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"craterasque","lemma":"crater","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"and bowls","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"simul","lemma":"simul","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"together"},{"surface":"pulchrosque","lemma":"pulcher","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"and beautiful","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"tapetas","lemma":"tapete","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"woolen cloth or rug used as"}]},{"number":359,"label":"359","id":"b9-l359","source":"Euryalus phaleras Rhamnetis et aurea bullis","translation":"Euryalus takes Rhamnes' harness-plates and a sword-belt","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l359.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Euryalus","lemma":"euryalus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Euryalus"},{"surface":"phaleras","lemma":"phalerae","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"harness-plates"},{"surface":"Rhamnetis","lemma":"rhamnes","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Rhamnes"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"aurea","lemma":"aureus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"golden"},{"surface":"bullis","lemma":"bulla","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"studs, bosses"}]},{"number":360,"label":"360","id":"b9-l360","source":"cingula, Tiburti Remulo ditissimus olim","translation":"studded with gold, which the very rich Caedicus once","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l360.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"cingula","lemma":"cingulum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"a belt"},{"surface":"Tiburti","lemma":"tiburs","morphology":"adjective, dative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Tiburtine"},{"surface":"Remulo","lemma":"remulus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"Remulus"},{"surface":"ditissimus","lemma":"diues","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine, superlative","role":"predicate","gloss":"richest"},{"surface":"olim","lemma":"olim","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"once"}]},{"number":361,"label":"361","id":"b9-l361","source":"quae mittit dona hospitio cum iungeret absens","translation":"sent as a gift to Remulus of Tibur, to bind them as guest-friends","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l361.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"mittit","lemma":"mitto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"sends"},{"surface":"dona","lemma":"donum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"gifts"},{"surface":"hospitio","lemma":"hospitium","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"purpose","gloss":"for guest-friendship"},{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"iungeret","lemma":"iungo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"joined"},{"surface":"absens","lemma":"absum","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"being absent"}]},{"number":362,"label":"362","id":"b9-l362","source":"Caedicus, ille suo moriens dat habere nepoti,","translation":"though the two never met; Remulus dying gave it to his grandson to keep;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l362.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Caedicus","lemma":"caedicus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Caedicus"},{"surface":"ille","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"suo","lemma":"suus","morphology":"adjective, dative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"his own"},{"surface":"moriens","lemma":"morior","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"dying"},{"surface":"dat","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"gives"},{"surface":"habere","lemma":"habeo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to keep"},{"surface":"nepoti","lemma":"nepos","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"grandson"}]},{"number":363,"label":"363","id":"b9-l363","source":"post mortem bello Rutuli pugnaque potiti","translation":"after his death the Rutulians got it in war and in battle.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l363.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"post","lemma":"post","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"mortem","lemma":"mors","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"death"},{"surface":"bello","lemma":"bellum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"war"},{"surface":"Rutuli","lemma":"rutuli","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Rutulians"},{"surface":"pugnaque","lemma":"pugna","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"battle","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"potiti","lemma":"potior","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative plural masculine","role":"main verb","gloss":"got possession"}]},{"number":364,"label":"364","id":"b9-l364","source":"haec rapit atque umeris nequiquam fortibus aptat.","translation":"These he snatches up and fits, for nothing, to brave shoulders.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l364.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"haec","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"rapit","lemma":"rapio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"snatches"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"umeris","lemma":"umerus","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to shoulders"},{"surface":"nequiquam","lemma":"nequiquam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"in vain"},{"surface":"fortibus","lemma":"fortis","morphology":"adjective, dative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"brave"},{"surface":"aptat","lemma":"apto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"fits"}]},{"number":365,"label":"365","id":"b9-l365","source":"Tum galeam Messapi habilem cristisque decoram","translation":"Then he puts on Messapus' helmet, easy to wear and handsome","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l365.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"galeam","lemma":"galea","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"helmet"},{"surface":"Messapi","lemma":"messapus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Messapus"},{"surface":"habilem","lemma":"habilis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"easy to wear"},{"surface":"cristisque","lemma":"crista","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"crests","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"decoram","lemma":"decorus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"handsome"}]},{"number":366,"label":"366","id":"b9-l366","source":"induit. Excedunt castris et tuta capessunt.","translation":"with its crest. They leave the camp and make for safe ground.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l366.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"induit","lemma":"induo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"puts on"},{"surface":"Excedunt","lemma":"excedo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"leave"},{"surface":"castris","lemma":"castra","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"the camp"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tuta","lemma":"tutus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"safe places"},{"surface":"capessunt","lemma":"capesso","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"make for"}]},{"number":367,"label":"367","id":"b9-l367","source":"Interea praemissi equites ex urbe Latina,","translation":"Meanwhile horsemen sent on ahead from the Latin city,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l367.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Interea","lemma":"interea","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"meanwhile"},{"surface":"praemissi","lemma":"praemitto","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been sent ahead or forward"},{"surface":"equites","lemma":"eques","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"horsemen"},{"surface":"ex","lemma":"ex","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"urbe","lemma":"urbs","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"city"},{"surface":"Latina","lemma":"latinus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Latin"}]},{"number":368,"label":"368","id":"b9-l368","source":"cetera dum legio campis instructa moratur,","translation":"while the rest of the force waited drawn up on the plains,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l368.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"cetera","lemma":"ceterus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"the rest of"},{"surface":"dum","lemma":"dum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"legio","lemma":"legio","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"force"},{"surface":"campis","lemma":"campus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"place","gloss":"on the plains"},{"surface":"instructa","lemma":"instruo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"drawn up"},{"surface":"moratur","lemma":"moror","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"waits"}]},{"number":369,"label":"369","id":"b9-l369","source":"ibant et Turno regi responsa ferebant,","translation":"were coming, and carrying answers to king Turnus,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l369.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ibant","lemma":"eo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"were going"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Turno","lemma":"turnus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"Turnus"},{"surface":"regi","lemma":"rex","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"king"},{"surface":"responsa","lemma":"responsum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"answers"},{"surface":"ferebant","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"were carrying"}]},{"number":370,"label":"370","id":"b9-l370","source":"tercentum, scutati omnes, Volcente magistro.","translation":"three hundred, all with shields, and Volcens their captain.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l370.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"tercentum","lemma":"trecenti","morphology":"numeral, nominative plural masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"three hundred"},{"surface":"scutati","lemma":"scutatus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"shielded"},{"surface":"omnes","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"Volcente","lemma":"uolcens","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"Volcens"},{"surface":"magistro","lemma":"magister","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"as captain"}]},{"number":371,"label":"371","id":"b9-l371","source":"Iamque propinquabant castris murosque subibant,","translation":"And now they were nearing the camp and coming up under the walls","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l371.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Iamque","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"and now"},{"surface":"propinquabant","lemma":"propinquo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"were approaching"},{"surface":"castris","lemma":"castra","morphology":"noun, dative plural neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"the camp"},{"surface":"murosque","lemma":"murus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"walls","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"subibant","lemma":"subeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"were coming up to"}]},{"number":372,"label":"372","id":"b9-l372","source":"cum procul hos laevo flectentis limite cernunt","translation":"when they catch sight of the two far off, turning down a path to the left;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l372.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"procul","lemma":"procul","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"far off"},{"surface":"hos","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"laevo","lemma":"laeuus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"left"},{"surface":"flectentis","lemma":"flecto","morphology":"participle, present active accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"turning"},{"surface":"limite","lemma":"limes","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by a path"},{"surface":"cernunt","lemma":"cerno","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"catch sight of"}]},{"number":373,"label":"373","id":"b9-l373","source":"et galea Euryalum sublustri noctis in umbra","translation":"and the helmet gave Euryalus away in the half-lit shadow","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l373.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"galea","lemma":"galea","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"helmet"},{"surface":"Euryalum","lemma":"euryalus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Euryalus"},{"surface":"sublustri","lemma":"sublustris","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"half-lit"},{"surface":"noctis","lemma":"nox","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"umbra","lemma":"umbra","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"shadow"}]},{"number":374,"label":"374","id":"b9-l374","source":"prodidit immemorem radiisque adversa refulsit.","translation":"of night (he had forgotten it) and flashed back at the beams.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l374.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"prodidit","lemma":"prodo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"betrayed"},{"surface":"immemorem","lemma":"immemor","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"forgetful"},{"surface":"radiisque","lemma":"radius","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"and to the beams","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"adversa","lemma":"aduersus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"facing, opposite"},{"surface":"refulsit","lemma":"refulgeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"flashed back"}]},{"number":375,"label":"375","id":"b9-l375","source":"Haud temere est visum. Conclamat ab agmine Volcens","translation":"It was not seen for nothing. Volcens shouts from the column:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l375.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Haud temere est visum","title":"Litotes, saying no to say yes","body":"Haud temere est visum uses litotes, negating the opposite to make a stronger claim: 'it was not seen idly' means 'it was seen, and it mattered'. Volcens shouts immediately after, alerted by exactly what was seen."}],"words":[{"surface":"Haud","lemma":"haud","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"temere","lemma":"temere","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"for nothing"},{"surface":"est","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"visum","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular neuter","role":"predicate","gloss":"having been seen"},{"surface":"Conclamat","lemma":"conclamo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"shouts out"},{"surface":"ab","lemma":"ab","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"agmine","lemma":"agmen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the column"},{"surface":"Volcens","lemma":"uolcens","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Volcens"}]},{"number":376,"label":"376","id":"b9-l376","source":"“State, viri. Quae causa viae? Quive estis in armis?","translation":"“Halt, men. What is your business on this road? Who are you, under arms?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l376.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"State","lemma":"sto","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"halt"},{"surface":"viri","lemma":"uir","morphology":"noun, vocative plural masculine","role":"address","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"Quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"causa","lemma":"causa","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"cause"},{"surface":"viae","lemma":"uia","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the journey"},{"surface":"Quive","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"estis","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"armis","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"arms"}]},{"number":377,"label":"377","id":"b9-l377","source":"Quove tenetis iter?” Nihil illi tendere contra,","translation":"Where are you holding your way?” They offered nothing back at all,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l377.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Quove","lemma":"quo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"where to"},{"surface":"tenetis","lemma":"teneo","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"hold"},{"surface":"iter","lemma":"iter","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"your way"},{"surface":"Nihil","lemma":"nihil","morphology":"noun, indeclinable","role":"object","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"illi","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"tendere","lemma":"tendo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"offered"},{"surface":"contra","lemma":"contra","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"back"}]},{"number":378,"label":"378","id":"b9-l378","source":"sed celerare fugam in silvas et fidere nocti.","translation":"but quickened their flight into the woods and put their trust in the night.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l378.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sed","lemma":"sed","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"celerare","lemma":"celero","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"quickened"},{"surface":"fugam","lemma":"fuga","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"flight"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"silvas","lemma":"silua","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"woods"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fidere","lemma":"fido","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"trusted"},{"surface":"nocti","lemma":"nox","morphology":"noun, dative singular feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"night"}]},{"number":379,"label":"379","id":"b9-l379","source":"Obiciunt equites sese ad divortia nota","translation":"The horsemen throw themselves across the crossings they know,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l379.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Obiciunt","lemma":"obicio","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"throw before"},{"surface":"equites","lemma":"eques","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"horsemen"},{"surface":"sese","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"divortia","lemma":"diuortium","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"crossings"},{"surface":"nota","lemma":"notus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"known"}]},{"number":380,"label":"380","id":"b9-l380","source":"hinc atque hinc omnemque abitum custode coronant.","translation":"here and here, and ring every way out with a guard.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l380.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"hinc","lemma":"hinc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"from here"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hinc","lemma":"hinc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"from here"},{"surface":"omnemque","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"abitum","lemma":"abitus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"way out"},{"surface":"custode","lemma":"custos","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"guard"},{"surface":"coronant","lemma":"corono","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"ring round"}]},{"number":381,"label":"381","id":"b9-l381","source":"Silva fuit late dumis atque ilice nigra","translation":"There was a wood, bristling far and wide with thicket","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l381.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Silva","lemma":"silua","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"wood"},{"surface":"fuit","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"late","lemma":"late","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"far and wide"},{"surface":"dumis","lemma":"dumus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with thicket"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ilice","lemma":"ilex","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with holm-oak"},{"surface":"nigra","lemma":"niger","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"black"}]},{"number":382,"label":"382","id":"b9-l382","source":"horrida, quam densi complerant undique sentes;","translation":"and black holm-oak, which thick briars had filled from every side;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l382.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"horrida","lemma":"horridus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"bristling"},{"surface":"quam","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"densi","lemma":"densus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"thick"},{"surface":"complerant","lemma":"compleo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural pluperfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"filled"},{"surface":"undique","lemma":"undique","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"from every side"},{"surface":"sentes","lemma":"sentis","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"briars"}]},{"number":383,"label":"383","id":"b9-l383","source":"rara per occultos lucebat semita calles.","translation":"a thin track shone here and there among the hidden ways.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l383.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"rara","lemma":"rarus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"thin"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"occultos","lemma":"occultus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"hidden"},{"surface":"lucebat","lemma":"luceo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"shone"},{"surface":"semita","lemma":"semita","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"track"},{"surface":"calles","lemma":"callis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"paths"}]},{"number":384,"label":"384","id":"b9-l384","source":"Euryalum tenebrae ramorum onerosaque praeda","translation":"The dark of the branches and the weight of his plunder","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l384.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Euryalum","lemma":"euryalus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Euryalus"},{"surface":"tenebrae","lemma":"tenebrae","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"darkness"},{"surface":"ramorum","lemma":"ramus","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of branches"},{"surface":"onerosaque","lemma":"onerosus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"and burdensome","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"praeda","lemma":"praeda","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"plunder"}]},{"number":385,"label":"385","id":"b9-l385","source":"impediunt fallitque timor regione viarum;","translation":"hold Euryalus back, and fear misleads him about the lie of the paths;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l385.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"impediunt","lemma":"impedio","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"hinder"},{"surface":"fallitque","lemma":"fallo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"and misleads","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"timor","lemma":"timor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"fear"},{"surface":"regione","lemma":"regio","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"about the region"},{"surface":"viarum","lemma":"uia","morphology":"noun, genitive plural feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the paths"}]},{"number":386,"label":"386","id":"b9-l386","source":"Nisus abit, iamque imprudens evaserat hostis","translation":"Nisus goes on, and had already come clear of the enemy without knowing it,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l386.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nisus","lemma":"nisus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Nisus"},{"surface":"abit","lemma":"abeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"goes away"},{"surface":"iamque","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"and now","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"imprudens","lemma":"imprudens","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"unaware"},{"surface":"evaserat","lemma":"euado","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"had escaped"},{"surface":"hostis","lemma":"hostis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"the enemy"}]},{"number":387,"label":"387","id":"b9-l387","source":"atque locos, qui post Albae de nomine dicti","translation":"and of the place afterwards called Alban, from Alba's name,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l387.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"locos","lemma":"locus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"places"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"post","lemma":"post","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"afterwards"},{"surface":"Albae","lemma":"alba","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Alba"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"down from"},{"surface":"nomine","lemma":"nomen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the name"},{"surface":"dicti","lemma":"dico","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"called, named"}]},{"number":388,"label":"388","id":"b9-l388","source":"Albani, tum rex stabula alta Latinus habebat,","translation":"king Latinus kept high stalls there in those days,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l388.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Albani","lemma":"albanus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"Alban"},{"surface":"tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"rex","lemma":"rex","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"king"},{"surface":"stabula","lemma":"stabulum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"stalls"},{"surface":"alta","lemma":"altus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"high"},{"surface":"Latinus","lemma":"latinus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Latinus"},{"surface":"habebat","lemma":"habeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"kept"}]},{"number":389,"label":"389","id":"b9-l389","source":"ut stetit et frustra absentem respexit amicum.","translation":"when he stopped and looked back for the friend who was not there.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l389.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"stetit","lemma":"sto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"stopped"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"frustra","lemma":"frustra","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"in vain"},{"surface":"absentem","lemma":"absens","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"absent"},{"surface":"respexit","lemma":"respicio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"looked back"},{"surface":"amicum","lemma":"amicus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"friend"}]},{"number":390,"label":"390","id":"b9-l390","source":"“Euryale infelix, qua te regione reliqui?","translation":"“Euryalus, unlucky boy, in what part of the wood did I leave you?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l390.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Euryale infelix","title":"A word marking the doomed","body":"Infelix literally means 'unfruitful', and Vergil applies it elsewhere to Dido and to Troy. Nisus calls Euryalus infelix here, before he knows what has happened, and the same word is the last one applied to him at line 430."}],"words":[{"surface":"Euryale","lemma":"euryalus","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"Euryalus"},{"surface":"infelix","lemma":"infelix","morphology":"adjective, vocative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"unlucky"},{"surface":"qua","lemma":"qui","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"regione","lemma":"regio","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in what region"},{"surface":"reliqui","lemma":"relinquo","morphology":"verb, 1st singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"did I leave"}]},{"number":391,"label":"391","id":"b9-l391","source":"Quave sequar, rursus perplexum iter omne revolvens","translation":"Or where am I to follow, unrolling again the whole tangled road","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l391.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Quave","lemma":"quo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"or where","note":"-ve attached: \"or.\""},{"surface":"sequar","lemma":"sequor","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present subjunctive deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"am I to follow"},{"surface":"rursus","lemma":"rursus","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"perplexum","lemma":"perplexus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"tangled"},{"surface":"iter","lemma":"iter","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"road"},{"surface":"omne","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"revolvens","lemma":"reuoluo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"unrolling"}]},{"number":392,"label":"392","id":"b9-l392","source":"fallacis silvae?” Simul et vestigia retro","translation":"of a wood that lies?” And at the same time he picks up the footprints","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l392.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"fallacis","lemma":"fallax","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"deceiving"},{"surface":"silvae","lemma":"silua","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the wood"},{"surface":"Simul","lemma":"simul","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at the same time"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vestigia","lemma":"uestigium","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"footprints"},{"surface":"retro","lemma":"retro","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"backward"}]},{"number":393,"label":"393","id":"b9-l393","source":"observata legit dumisque silentibus errat.","translation":"he had noted, going back, and wanders in the silent thickets.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l393.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"observata","lemma":"obseruo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"observed"},{"surface":"legit","lemma":"lego","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"picks out"},{"surface":"dumisque","lemma":"dumus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"and in the thickets","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"silentibus","lemma":"silens","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"silent"},{"surface":"errat","lemma":"erro","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"wanders"}]},{"number":394,"label":"394","id":"b9-l394","source":"Audit equos, audit strepitus et signa sequentum.","translation":"He hears horses, hears the racket and the calls of men coming after.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l394.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Audit","lemma":"audio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"hears"},{"surface":"equos","lemma":"equus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"horses"},{"surface":"audit","lemma":"audio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"hears"},{"surface":"strepitus","lemma":"strepitus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"din"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"signa","lemma":"signum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"signals"},{"surface":"sequentum","lemma":"sequor","morphology":"participle, present active genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"following"}]},{"number":395,"label":"395","id":"b9-l395","source":"Nec longum in medio tempus, cum clamor ad auris","translation":"The time between was not long, and a shout came to his ears,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l395.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"longum","lemma":"longus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular neuter","role":"predicate","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"medio","lemma":"medium","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"middle"},{"surface":"tempus","lemma":"tempus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"clamor","lemma":"clamor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"shout"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"auris","lemma":"auris","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"ears"}]},{"number":396,"label":"396","id":"b9-l396","source":"pervenit ac videt Euryalum, quem iam manus omnis","translation":"and he sees Euryalus, whom the whole troop already,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l396.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"pervenit","lemma":"peruenio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"arrived"},{"surface":"ac","lemma":"ac","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"videt","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"sees"},{"surface":"Euryalum","lemma":"euryalus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Euryalus"},{"surface":"quem","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"iam","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"manus","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"band"},{"surface":"omnis","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"whole"}]},{"number":397,"label":"397","id":"b9-l397","source":"fraude loci et noctis, subito turbante tumultu,","translation":"by the trickery of the ground and the night, in the sudden uproar,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l397.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"fraude","lemma":"fraus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by the trickery"},{"surface":"loci","lemma":"locus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the ground"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"noctis","lemma":"nox","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"subito","lemma":"subitus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"sudden"},{"surface":"turbante","lemma":"turbo","morphology":"participle, present active ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"throwing into confusion"},{"surface":"tumultu","lemma":"tumultus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in the uproar"}]},{"number":398,"label":"398","id":"b9-l398","source":"oppressum rapit et conantem plurima frustra.","translation":"has borne down and is hauling away, trying everything, for nothing.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l398.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"oppressum","lemma":"opprimo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"overwhelmed"},{"surface":"rapit","lemma":"rapio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"seizes"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"conantem","lemma":"conor","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"trying"},{"surface":"plurima","lemma":"multus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter, superlative","role":"object","gloss":"very many things"},{"surface":"frustra","lemma":"frustra","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"in vain"}]},{"number":399,"label":"399","id":"b9-l399","source":"Quid faciat? Qua vi iuvenem, quibus audeat armis","translation":"What is he to do? With what strength, with what weapons, is he to dare","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l399.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Quid","lemma":"quis","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"faciat","lemma":"facio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"is he to do"},{"surface":"Qua","lemma":"qui","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"uis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with what strength"},{"surface":"iuvenem","lemma":"iuuenis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"young man"},{"surface":"quibus","lemma":"qui","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"audeat","lemma":"audeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"is he to dare"},{"surface":"armis","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"weapons"}]},{"number":400,"label":"400","id":"b9-l400","source":"eripere? An sese medios moriturus in enses","translation":"to tear the boy free? Or shall he throw himself, to die,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l400.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"eripere","lemma":"eripio","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to tear free"},{"surface":"An","lemma":"an","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"sese","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"medios","lemma":"medius","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"middle"},{"surface":"moriturus","lemma":"morior","morphology":"participle, future active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"about to die"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"enses","lemma":"ensis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"swords"}]},{"number":401,"label":"401","id":"b9-l401","source":"inferat et pulchram properet per volnera mortem?","translation":"into the middle of the swords, and hurry a beautiful death through wounds?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l401.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"inferat","lemma":"infero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"brings"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"pulchram","lemma":"pulcher","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"beautiful"},{"surface":"properet","lemma":"propero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"should he hasten"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"volnera","lemma":"uolnus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"wounds"},{"surface":"mortem","lemma":"mors","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"death"}]},{"number":402,"label":"402","id":"b9-l402","source":"Ocius adducto torquens hastile lacerto,","translation":"Quickly, drawing his arm back and swinging the shaft round,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l402.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ocius","lemma":"ocius","morphology":"adverb, comparative","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"quickly"},{"surface":"adducto","lemma":"adduco","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"drawn back"},{"surface":"torquens","lemma":"torqueo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"swinging"},{"surface":"hastile","lemma":"hastile","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"the shaft"},{"surface":"lacerto","lemma":"lacertus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with his arm"}]},{"number":403,"label":"403","id":"b9-l403","source":"suspiciens altam Lunam sic voce precatur:","translation":"looking up at the high Moon, he prays aloud like this:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l403.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"suspiciens","lemma":"suspicio","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"looking up"},{"surface":"altam","lemma":"altus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"high"},{"surface":"Lunam","lemma":"luna","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"moon"},{"surface":"sic","lemma":"sic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"voce","lemma":"uox","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"aloud"},{"surface":"precatur","lemma":"precor","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"prays"}]},{"number":404,"label":"404","id":"b9-l404","source":"“Tu, dea, tu praesens nostro succurre labori,","translation":"“You, goddess, you, be here, and help us in our work,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l404.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"dea","lemma":"dea","morphology":"noun, vocative singular feminine","role":"address","gloss":"goddess"},{"surface":"tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"praesens","lemma":"praesens","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"present"},{"surface":"nostro","lemma":"noster","morphology":"adjective, dative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"our"},{"surface":"succurre","lemma":"succurro","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"help"},{"surface":"labori","lemma":"labor","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"toil"}]},{"number":405,"label":"405","id":"b9-l405","source":"astrorum decus et nemorum Latonia custos.","translation":"glory of the stars, Latona's daughter, keeper of the woods.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l405.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"astrorum","lemma":"astrum","morphology":"noun, genitive plural neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"stars"},{"surface":"decus","lemma":"decus","morphology":"noun, vocative singular neuter","role":"apposition","gloss":"glory"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"nemorum","lemma":"nemus","morphology":"noun, genitive plural neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"groves"},{"surface":"Latonia","lemma":"latonia","morphology":"noun, vocative singular feminine","role":"apposition","gloss":"daughter of Latona"},{"surface":"custos","lemma":"custos","morphology":"noun, vocative singular feminine","role":"apposition","gloss":"keeper"}]},{"number":406,"label":"406","id":"b9-l406","source":"Siqua tuis umquam pro me pater Hyrtacus aris","translation":"If ever my father Hyrtacus carried gifts to your altars","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l406.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Siqua","lemma":"si","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"if ever"},{"surface":"tuis","lemma":"tuus","morphology":"adjective, dative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"umquam","lemma":"umquam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"ever"},{"surface":"pro","lemma":"pro","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"by me"},{"surface":"pater","lemma":"pater","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"Hyrtacus","lemma":"hyrtacus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Hyrtacus"},{"surface":"aris","lemma":"ara","morphology":"noun, dative plural feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to your altars"}]},{"number":407,"label":"407","id":"b9-l407","source":"dona tulit, siqua ipse meis venatibus auxi","translation":"for me, if ever I added to them myself out of my own hunting","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l407.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"dona","lemma":"donum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"gifts"},{"surface":"tulit","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"carried"},{"surface":"siqua","lemma":"si","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"if ever"},{"surface":"ipse","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"I myself"},{"surface":"meis","lemma":"meus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"venatibus","lemma":"uenatus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with hunting"},{"surface":"auxi","lemma":"augeo","morphology":"verb, 1st singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"I added to"}]},{"number":408,"label":"408","id":"b9-l408","source":"suspendive tholo aut sacra ad fastigia fixi:","translation":"or hung them in your dome or nailed them to your holy gable:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l408.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"suspendive","lemma":"suspendo","morphology":"verb, 1st singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"hung up","note":"-ve attached: \"or.\""},{"surface":"tholo","lemma":"tholus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"dome, domed shrine"},{"surface":"aut","lemma":"aut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"sacra","lemma":"sacer","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"holy"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"fastigia","lemma":"fastigium","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"gables"},{"surface":"fixi","lemma":"figo","morphology":"verb, 1st singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"nailed"}]},{"number":409,"label":"409","id":"b9-l409","source":"hunc sine me turbare globum et rege tela per auras.”","translation":"let me break that pack apart, and steer my weapons through the air.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l409.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"hunc","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"sine","lemma":"sino","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"allow"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"turbare","lemma":"turbo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to scatter"},{"surface":"globum","lemma":"globus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"pack"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"rege","lemma":"rego","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"guide, direct"},{"surface":"tela","lemma":"telum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"weapons"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"auras","lemma":"aura","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the air"}]},{"number":410,"label":"410","id":"b9-l410","source":"Dixerat, et toto conixus corpore ferrum","translation":"He had spoken; and straining with his whole body he throws","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l410.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dixerat","lemma":"dico","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"had spoken"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"toto","lemma":"totus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"conixus","lemma":"conitor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having strained"},{"surface":"corpore","lemma":"corpus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"body"},{"surface":"ferrum","lemma":"ferrum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"iron"}]},{"number":411,"label":"411","id":"b9-l411","source":"conicit: hasta volans noctis diverberat umbras","translation":"the iron: the flying spear beats the shadows of night apart","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l411.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"conicit","lemma":"conicio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"hurls"},{"surface":"hasta","lemma":"hasta","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"spear"},{"surface":"volans","lemma":"uolo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"flying"},{"surface":"noctis","lemma":"nox","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"diverberat","lemma":"diuerbero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"beats apart"},{"surface":"umbras","lemma":"umbra","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"shadows"}]},{"number":412,"label":"412","id":"b9-l412","source":"et venit aversi in tergum Sulmonis ibique","translation":"and comes into the back of Sulmo, who is turned away, and there","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l412.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"venit","lemma":"uenio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"comes"},{"surface":"aversi","lemma":"auersus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"turned away"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"tergum","lemma":"tergum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the back"},{"surface":"Sulmonis","lemma":"sulmo","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Sulmo"},{"surface":"ibique","lemma":"ibi","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"there"}]},{"number":413,"label":"413","id":"b9-l413","source":"frangitur ac fisso transit praecordia ligno.","translation":"it snaps, and the split wood goes on through his midriff.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l413.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"frangitur","lemma":"frango","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"is broken"},{"surface":"ac","lemma":"ac","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fisso","lemma":"findo","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"split"},{"surface":"transit","lemma":"transeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"passes through"},{"surface":"praecordia","lemma":"praecordia","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"midriffs"},{"surface":"ligno","lemma":"lignum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"wood"}]},{"number":414,"label":"414","id":"b9-l414","source":"Volvitur ille vomens calidum de pectore flumen","translation":"He rolls over, vomiting a hot river out of his chest,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l414.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Volvitur","lemma":"uoluo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"is rolled"},{"surface":"ille","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"vomens","lemma":"uomo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"vomiting"},{"surface":"calidum","lemma":"calidus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"hot"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"down from"},{"surface":"pectore","lemma":"pectus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"chest"},{"surface":"flumen","lemma":"flumen","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"river"}]},{"number":415,"label":"415","id":"b9-l415","source":"frigidus et longis singultibus ilia pulsat.","translation":"and cold now, beats his sides with long sobbing.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l415.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"frigidus","title":"An adjective where English wants an adverb","body":"Frigidus, 'cold', agrees with the man himself rather than describing how he acts: 'cold, he beats his sides' instead of 'he beats his sides, going cold'. Vergil uses this construction often in his description of dying men."}],"words":[{"surface":"frigidus","lemma":"frigidus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"cold"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"longis","lemma":"longus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"singultibus","lemma":"singultus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with sobs"},{"surface":"ilia","lemma":"ilia","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"sides"},{"surface":"pulsat","lemma":"pulso","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"beats"}]},{"number":416,"label":"416","id":"b9-l416","source":"Diversi circumspiciunt. Hoc acrior idem","translation":"They look around them every way. All the keener for it,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l416.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Diversi","lemma":"diuersus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"scattered"},{"surface":"circumspiciunt","lemma":"circumspicio","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"look around"},{"surface":"Hoc","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by this"},{"surface":"acrior","lemma":"acer","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine, comparative","role":"predicate","gloss":"keener"},{"surface":"idem","lemma":"idem","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"the same"}]},{"number":417,"label":"417","id":"b9-l417","source":"ecce aliud summa telum librabat ab aure.","translation":"see, the same man was balancing another shaft level with his ear.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l417.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ecce","lemma":"ecce","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation","gloss":"look"},{"surface":"aliud","lemma":"alius","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"another"},{"surface":"summa","lemma":"summus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"top of"},{"surface":"telum","lemma":"telum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"shaft"},{"surface":"librabat","lemma":"libro","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"balanced"},{"surface":"ab","lemma":"ab","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"aure","lemma":"auris","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"ear"}]},{"number":418,"label":"418","id":"b9-l418","source":"Dum trepidant, it hasta Tago per tempus utrumque","translation":"While they are still in a panic, the spear goes through both of Tagus' temples,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l418.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dum","lemma":"dum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"trepidant","lemma":"trepido","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"are panicking"},{"surface":"it","lemma":"eo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"goes"},{"surface":"hasta","lemma":"hasta","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"spear"},{"surface":"Tago","lemma":"tagus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Tagus'"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"tempus","lemma":"tempus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"temple"},{"surface":"utrumque","lemma":"uterque","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"both"}]},{"number":419,"label":"419","id":"b9-l419","source":"stridens traiectoque haesit tepefacta cerebro.","translation":"whistling, and stuck fast, warmed by the brain it had passed through.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l419.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"stridens","lemma":"strideo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"whistling"},{"surface":"traiectoque","lemma":"traicio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"pierced through","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"haesit","lemma":"haereo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"stuck fast"},{"surface":"tepefacta","lemma":"tepefacio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having made warm"},{"surface":"cerebro","lemma":"cerebrum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"brain"}]},{"number":420,"label":"420","id":"b9-l420","source":"Saevit atrox Volcens nec teli conspicit usquam","translation":"Volcens rages, savage, and can see nowhere the man who made","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l420.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Saevit","lemma":"saeuio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"rages"},{"surface":"atrox","lemma":"atrox","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"savage"},{"surface":"Volcens","lemma":"uolcens","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Volcens"},{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"teli","lemma":"telum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"weapon"},{"surface":"conspicit","lemma":"conspicio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"sees"},{"surface":"usquam","lemma":"usquam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"anywhere"}]},{"number":421,"label":"421","id":"b9-l421","source":"auctorem nec quo se ardens inmittere possit.","translation":"the throw, nor anything to hurl himself against, on fire as he is.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l421.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"auctorem","lemma":"auctor","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"the doer"},{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"quo","lemma":"quo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"where to"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"ardens","lemma":"ardeo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"burning"},{"surface":"inmittere","lemma":"immitto","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to hurl"},{"surface":"possit","lemma":"possum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"he might"}]},{"number":422,"label":"422","id":"b9-l422","source":"“Tu tamen interea calido mihi sanguine poenas","translation":"“You, though, in the meantime, you will pay me the price for both","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l422.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"tamen","lemma":"tamen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"though"},{"surface":"interea","lemma":"interea","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"meanwhile"},{"surface":"calido","lemma":"calidus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"warm"},{"surface":"mihi","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"sanguine","lemma":"sanguis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"blood"},{"surface":"poenas","lemma":"poena","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"penalty"}]},{"number":423,"label":"423","id":"b9-l423","source":"persolves amborum, inquit; simul ense recluso","translation":"in warm blood,” he says; and at once, with the sword bared,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l423.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"persolves","lemma":"persoluo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"will pay"},{"surface":"amborum","lemma":"ambo","morphology":"adjective, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"both"},{"surface":"inquit","lemma":"inquam","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"says"},{"surface":"simul","lemma":"simul","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"ense","lemma":"ensis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"sword"},{"surface":"recluso","lemma":"recludo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"bared"}]},{"number":424,"label":"424","id":"b9-l424","source":"ibat in Euryalum. Tum vero exterritus, amens","translation":"he was going at Euryalus. Then indeed, terrified, out of his mind,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l424.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ibat","lemma":"eo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was going"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"Euryalum","lemma":"euryalus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"Euryalus"},{"surface":"Tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"vero","lemma":"uero","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"exterritus","lemma":"exterreo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"terrified"},{"surface":"amens","lemma":"amens","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"out of his mind"}]},{"number":425,"label":"425","id":"b9-l425","source":"conclamat Nisus, nec se celare tenebris","translation":"Nisus cries out, and could hide himself no longer","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l425.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"conclamat","lemma":"conclamo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"cries"},{"surface":"Nisus","lemma":"nisus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Nisus"},{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"celare","lemma":"celo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to hide"},{"surface":"tenebris","lemma":"tenebrae","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in the darkness"}]},{"number":426,"label":"426","id":"b9-l426","source":"amplius aut tantum potuit perferre dolorem.","translation":"in the darkness, or carry so much pain.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l426.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"amplius","lemma":"amplius","morphology":"adverb, comparative","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"longer"},{"surface":"aut","lemma":"aut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"tantum","lemma":"tantus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"so much"},{"surface":"potuit","lemma":"possum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"perferre","lemma":"perfero","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to carry through"},{"surface":"dolorem","lemma":"dolor","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"pain"}]},{"number":427,"label":"427","id":"b9-l427","source":"Me me, adsum qui feci, in me convertite ferrum,","translation":"“Me, me, I am here, I did it, turn the iron on me,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l427.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Me me, adsum qui feci, in me convertite ferrum","title":"A line built from pronouns","body":"This line is built out of pronouns and monosyllables, with me repeated three times in five words: me me, adsum qui feci, in me. Nisus names himself as the one responsible and offers himself in his companion's place."}],"words":[{"surface":"Me","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"adsum","lemma":"adsum","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"I am here"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"feci","lemma":"facio","morphology":"verb, 1st singular perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"did it"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"convertite","lemma":"conuerto","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"turn around"},{"surface":"ferrum","lemma":"ferrum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"iron"}]},{"number":428,"label":"428","id":"b9-l428","source":"O Rutuli, mea fraus omnis; nihil iste nec ausus","translation":"Rutulians; the whole trick is mine; that one dared nothing","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l428.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"O","lemma":"o","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation","gloss":"O"},{"surface":"Rutuli","lemma":"rutuli","morphology":"noun, vocative plural masculine","role":"address","gloss":"Rutulians"},{"surface":"mea","lemma":"meus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"fraus","lemma":"fraus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"trick"},{"surface":"omnis","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"nihil","lemma":"nihil","morphology":"noun, indeclinable","role":"object","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"iste","lemma":"iste","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"ausus","lemma":"audeo","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular masculine","role":"main verb","gloss":"dared"}]},{"number":429,"label":"429","id":"b9-l429","source":"nec potuit, caelum hoc et conscia sidera testor,","translation":"and could do nothing, I call this sky and the stars that know it to witness,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l429.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"potuit","lemma":"possum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was able"},{"surface":"caelum","lemma":"caelum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"sky"},{"surface":"hoc","lemma":"hic","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"conscia","lemma":"conscius","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"knowing"},{"surface":"sidera","lemma":"sidus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"stars"},{"surface":"testor","lemma":"testor","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"call to witness"}]},{"number":430,"label":"430","id":"b9-l430","source":"tantum infelicem nimium dilexit amicum.”","translation":"he only loved an unlucky friend too much.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l430.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"nimium dilexit amicum","title":"Loved too much","body":"Diligo names a deliberate, chosen love, of a friend or a country, as distinct from amo. Nimium, 'too much', is the word Nisus adds to it, calling his own love for Euryalus excessive as he faces the men who killed them both."}],"words":[{"surface":"tantum","lemma":"tantum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"infelicem","lemma":"infelix","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"unlucky"},{"surface":"nimium","lemma":"nimium","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"too much"},{"surface":"dilexit","lemma":"diligo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"loved"},{"surface":"amicum","lemma":"amicus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"friend"}]},{"number":431,"label":"431","id":"b9-l431","source":"Talia dicta dabat; sed viribus ensis adactus","translation":"Such were the words he was giving; but the sword, driven with force,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l431.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Talia","lemma":"talis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"dicta","lemma":"dictum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"dabat","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was giving"},{"surface":"sed","lemma":"sed","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"viribus","lemma":"uis","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with force"},{"surface":"ensis","lemma":"ensis","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"sword"},{"surface":"adactus","lemma":"adigo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been driven to"}]},{"number":432,"label":"432","id":"b9-l432","source":"transabiit costas et candida pectora rumpit.","translation":"had gone right through the ribs and breaks the white chest.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l432.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"candida pectora","title":"The white chest","body":"Candidus names a bright, clean whiteness, the word Latin poetry uses for youth and beauty. Vergil applies it here to Euryalus' pectora, 'chest', at the same moment the sword goes through it."}],"words":[{"surface":"transabiit","lemma":"transabeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"had gone through"},{"surface":"costas","lemma":"costa","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"ribs"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"candida","lemma":"candidus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"pectora","lemma":"pectus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"chests"},{"surface":"rumpit","lemma":"rumpo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"breaks"}]},{"number":433,"label":"433","id":"b9-l433","source":"Volvitur Euryalus leto, pulchrosque per artus","translation":"Euryalus rolls over into death, and the blood runs","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l433.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Volvitur","lemma":"uoluo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"is rolled"},{"surface":"Euryalus","lemma":"euryalus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Euryalus"},{"surface":"leto","lemma":"letum","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"into death"},{"surface":"pulchrosque","lemma":"pulcher","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"and beautiful"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"artus","lemma":"artus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"limbs"}]},{"number":434,"label":"434","id":"b9-l434","source":"it cruor, inque umeros cervix conlapsa recumbit:","translation":"down his beautiful limbs, and his neck gives way and lies back on his shoulders:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l434.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"it","lemma":"eo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"goes"},{"surface":"cruor","lemma":"cruor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"blood"},{"surface":"inque","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"onto","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"umeros","lemma":"umerus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"shoulders"},{"surface":"cervix","lemma":"ceruix","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"neck"},{"surface":"conlapsa","lemma":"collabor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having given way"},{"surface":"recumbit","lemma":"recumbo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"lies back"}]},{"number":435,"label":"435","id":"b9-l435","source":"purpureus veluti cum flos succisus aratro","translation":"as when a crimson flower, cut through by the plough,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l435.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"purpureus","lemma":"purpureus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"crimson"},{"surface":"veluti","lemma":"ueluti","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"just as"},{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"flos","lemma":"flos","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"flower"},{"surface":"succisus","lemma":"succido","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been cut down"},{"surface":"aratro","lemma":"aratrum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by the plough"}]},{"number":436,"label":"436","id":"b9-l436","source":"languescit moriens lassove papavera collo","translation":"faints and dies, or poppies let their heads down on a tired","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l436.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"languescit","lemma":"languesco","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"becomes faint or languid or weak"},{"surface":"moriens","lemma":"morior","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"dying"},{"surface":"lassove","lemma":"lassus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"or tired","note":"-ve attached: \"or.\""},{"surface":"papavera","lemma":"papauer","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"poppies"},{"surface":"collo","lemma":"collum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"neck"}]},{"number":437,"label":"437","id":"b9-l437","source":"demisere caput, pluvia cum forte gravantur.","translation":"stalk when the rain happens to weigh them.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l437.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"demisere","lemma":"demitto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"let fall"},{"surface":"caput","lemma":"caput","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"pluvia","lemma":"pluuia","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"rain"},{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"forte","lemma":"fors","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"by chance"},{"surface":"gravantur","lemma":"grauo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative passive","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"weigh down"}]},{"number":438,"label":"438","id":"b9-l438","source":"At Nisus ruit in medios solumque per omnis","translation":"But Nisus rushes into the middle of them, and through them all","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l438.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"At","lemma":"at","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Nisus","lemma":"nisus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Nisus"},{"surface":"ruit","lemma":"ruo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"rushes"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"medios","lemma":"medius","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the middle of them"},{"surface":"solumque","lemma":"solus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"and alone","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"omnis","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"all"}]},{"number":439,"label":"439","id":"b9-l439","source":"Volcentem petit in solo Volcente moratur.","translation":"makes for Volcens alone, halts at Volcens alone.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l439.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"solumque per omnis Volcentem petit in solo Volcente moratur","title":"Volcens twice, alone twice","body":"Volcentem and Volcente are the same name in two different cases, accusative and ablative, repeated within one line. Vergil uses this doubling elsewhere too; here it names Nisus' one target twice, petit and moratur, seeking him out and stopping only at him."}],"words":[{"surface":"Volcentem","lemma":"uolcens","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Volcens"},{"surface":"petit","lemma":"peto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"makes for"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"solo","lemma":"solus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"Volcente","lemma":"uolcens","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"Volcens"},{"surface":"moratur","lemma":"moror","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"halts"}]},{"number":440,"label":"440","id":"b9-l440","source":"Quem circum glomerati hostes hinc comminus atque hinc","translation":"The enemy ball up around him and beat him back, hand to hand,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l440.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Quem","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"circum","lemma":"circum","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"glomerati","lemma":"glomero","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"balled up"},{"surface":"hostes","lemma":"hostis","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"enemy"},{"surface":"hinc","lemma":"hinc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"from here"},{"surface":"comminus","lemma":"comminus","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"hand to hand"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hinc","lemma":"hinc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"from here"}]},{"number":441,"label":"441","id":"b9-l441","source":"proturbant. Instat non setius ac rotat ensem","translation":"from this side and that. He presses on none the less and whirls","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l441.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"proturbant","lemma":"proturbo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"drive"},{"surface":"Instat","lemma":"insto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"presses on"},{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"setius","lemma":"setius","morphology":"adverb, comparative","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"the less"},{"surface":"ac","lemma":"ac","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"rotat","lemma":"roto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"whirls round"},{"surface":"ensem","lemma":"ensis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"sword"}]},{"number":442,"label":"442","id":"b9-l442","source":"fulmineum, donec Rutuli clamantis in ore","translation":"his lightning sword, until he buried it full in the mouth","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l442.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"fulmineum","lemma":"fulmineus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"lightning"},{"surface":"donec","lemma":"donec","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"Rutuli","lemma":"rutulus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Rutulian"},{"surface":"clamantis","lemma":"clamo","morphology":"participle, present active genitive singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"shouting"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"ore","lemma":"os","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the mouth"}]},{"number":443,"label":"443","id":"b9-l443","source":"condidit adverso et moriens animam abstulit hosti.","translation":"of the shouting Rutulian, and dying took his enemy's life away.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l443.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"condidit","lemma":"condo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"buried, plunged"},{"surface":"adverso","lemma":"aduersus","morphology":"adjective, dative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"facing"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"moriens","lemma":"morior","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"dying"},{"surface":"animam","lemma":"anima","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"abstulit","lemma":"aufero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"took away"},{"surface":"hosti","lemma":"hostis","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"enemy"}]},{"number":444,"label":"444","id":"b9-l444","source":"Tum super exanimum sese proiecit amicum","translation":"Then he threw himself down over his lifeless friend,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l444.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"super","lemma":"super","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"exanimum","lemma":"exanimus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"lifeless"},{"surface":"sese","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"proiecit","lemma":"proicio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"threw down"},{"surface":"amicum","lemma":"amicus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"friend"}]},{"number":445,"label":"445","id":"b9-l445","source":"confossus placidaque ibi demum morte quievit.","translation":"run through, and there at last found rest in a quiet death.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l445.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"placida morte quievit","title":"A quiet death","body":"Quiesco means 'to rest', the verb Latin uses of sleepers and of the dead alike. Placida morte quievit, 'he found rest in a peaceful death', describes Nisus falling still after being run through."}],"words":[{"surface":"confossus","lemma":"confodio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"pierced through"},{"surface":"placidaque","lemma":"placidus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"and peaceful","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"ibi","lemma":"ibi","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"demum","lemma":"demum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at last"},{"surface":"morte","lemma":"mors","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"death"},{"surface":"quievit","lemma":"quiesco","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"rested"}]},{"number":446,"label":"446","id":"b9-l446","source":"Fortunati ambo! Siquid mea carmina possunt,","translation":"Fortunate both of you! If my songs have any power,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l446.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Fortunati","lemma":"fortunatus","morphology":"adjective, vocative plural masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"fortunate"},{"surface":"ambo","lemma":"ambo","morphology":"adjective, vocative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"both"},{"surface":"Siquid","lemma":"siquis","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"if, if only"},{"surface":"mea","lemma":"meus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"carmina","lemma":"carmen","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"songs"},{"surface":"possunt","lemma":"possum","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"be able"}]},{"number":447,"label":"447","id":"b9-l447","source":"nulla dies umquam memori vos eximet aevo,","translation":"no day will ever take you out of an age that remembers,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l447.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"nulla","lemma":"nullus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"dies","lemma":"dies","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"umquam","lemma":"umquam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"ever"},{"surface":"memori","lemma":"memor","morphology":"adjective, dative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"remembering"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"eximet","lemma":"eximo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"will take out"},{"surface":"aevo","lemma":"aeuum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"from time"}]},{"number":448,"label":"448","id":"b9-l448","source":"dum domus Aeneae Capitoli immobile saxum","translation":"while the house of Aeneas lives beside the unmoved rock","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l448.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"dum","lemma":"dum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"domus","lemma":"domus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"Aeneae","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Aeneas"},{"surface":"Capitoli","lemma":"capitolium","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the Capitol"},{"surface":"immobile","lemma":"immobilis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"unmoved"},{"surface":"saxum","lemma":"saxum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"rock"}]},{"number":449,"label":"449","id":"b9-l449","source":"accolet imperiumque pater Romanus habebit.","translation":"of the Capitol, and a Roman father holds the empire.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l449.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"accolet","lemma":"accolo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular future indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"will dwell"},{"surface":"imperiumque","lemma":"imperium","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"and empire","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"pater","lemma":"pater","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"Romanus","lemma":"romanus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Roman"},{"surface":"habebit","lemma":"habeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular future indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"will have"}]},{"number":450,"label":"450","id":"b9-l450","source":"Victores praeda Rutuli spoliisque potiti","translation":"The Rutulians, winners, in possession of the plunder and the spoils,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l450.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Victores","lemma":"uictor","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"winners"},{"surface":"praeda","lemma":"praeda","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"of the plunder"},{"surface":"Rutuli","lemma":"rutulus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Rutulians"},{"surface":"spoliisque","lemma":"spolium","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"and of the spoils","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"potiti","lemma":"potior","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative plural masculine","role":"main verb","gloss":"having gained possession"}]},{"number":451,"label":"451","id":"b9-l451","source":"Volcentem exanimum flentes in castra ferebant.","translation":"were carrying Volcens' dead body back to camp, weeping.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l451.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Volcentem","lemma":"uolcens","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Volcens"},{"surface":"exanimum","lemma":"exanimus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"lifeless"},{"surface":"flentes","lemma":"fleo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"weeping"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"castra","lemma":"castra","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"camp"},{"surface":"ferebant","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"were carrying"}]},{"number":452,"label":"452","id":"b9-l452","source":"Nec minor in castris luctus Rhamnete reperto","translation":"There was no less mourning in the camp when Rhamnes was found","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l452.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"minor","lemma":"paruus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine, comparative","role":"predicate","gloss":"less"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"castris","lemma":"castra","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the camp"},{"surface":"luctus","lemma":"luctus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"mourning"},{"surface":"Rhamnete","lemma":"rhamnes","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"Rhamnes"},{"surface":"reperto","lemma":"reperio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"found"}]},{"number":453,"label":"453","id":"b9-l453","source":"exsangui et primis una tot caede peremptis,","translation":"drained of blood, and so many chief men killed at one slaughter,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l453.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"exsangui","lemma":"exsanguis","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"bloodless"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"primis","lemma":"primus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"chief"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"unus","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"together"},{"surface":"tot","lemma":"tot","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"so many"},{"surface":"caede","lemma":"caedes","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"slaughter"},{"surface":"peremptis","lemma":"perimo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"killed"}]},{"number":454,"label":"454","id":"b9-l454","source":"Serranoque Numaque. Ingens concursus ad ipsa","translation":"and Serranus and Numa. A huge crowd runs together to the bodies","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l454.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Serranoque","lemma":"serranus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"Serranus"},{"surface":"Numaque","lemma":"numa","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"Numa"},{"surface":"Ingens","lemma":"ingens","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"huge"},{"surface":"concursus","lemma":"concursus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"a crowd"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ipsa","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"themselves"}]},{"number":455,"label":"455","id":"b9-l455","source":"corpora seminecisque viros tepidaque recentem","translation":"themselves, to the half-dead men, to the ground still warm","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l455.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"corpora","lemma":"corpus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"bodies"},{"surface":"seminecisque","lemma":"seminecis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"and half-dead"},{"surface":"viros","lemma":"uir","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"tepidaque","lemma":"tepidus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"and warm","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"recentem","lemma":"recens","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"fresh"}]},{"number":456,"label":"456","id":"b9-l456","source":"caede locum et plenos spumanti sanguine rivos.","translation":"with fresh killing, and the runnels full of frothing blood.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l456.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"caede","lemma":"caedes","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with killing"},{"surface":"locum","lemma":"locus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"ground"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"plenos","lemma":"plenus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"full"},{"surface":"spumanti","lemma":"spumo","morphology":"participle, present active ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"frothing"},{"surface":"sanguine","lemma":"sanguis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"blood"},{"surface":"rivos","lemma":"riuus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"streams"}]},{"number":457,"label":"457","id":"b9-l457","source":"Agnoscunt spolia inter se galeamque nitentem","translation":"Among themselves they identify the spoils, and Messapus' shining","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l457.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Agnoscunt","lemma":"agnosco","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"recognize"},{"surface":"spolia","lemma":"spolium","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"spoils"},{"surface":"inter","lemma":"inter","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"galeamque","lemma":"galea","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"helmet"},{"surface":"nitentem","lemma":"niteo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"shining"}]},{"number":458,"label":"458","id":"b9-l458","source":"Messapi et multo phaleras sudore receptas.","translation":"helmet, and the harness-plates got back with so much sweat.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l458.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Messapi","lemma":"messapus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Messapus"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"multo","lemma":"multus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"phaleras","lemma":"phalerae","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"harness-plates"},{"surface":"sudore","lemma":"sudor","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"sweat"},{"surface":"receptas","lemma":"recipio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"got back"}]},{"number":459,"label":"459","id":"b9-l459","source":"Et iam prima novo spargebat lumine terras","translation":"And already the first light was being scattered new over the lands","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l459.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"iam","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"prima","lemma":"primus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"novo","lemma":"nouus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"new"},{"surface":"spargebat","lemma":"spargo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"scattered"},{"surface":"lumine","lemma":"lumen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"light"},{"surface":"terras","lemma":"terra","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"lands"}]},{"number":460,"label":"460","id":"b9-l460","source":"Tithoni croceum linquens Aurora cubile:","translation":"by Dawn, leaving Tithonus' saffron bed:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l460.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tithoni","lemma":"tithonus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Tithonus"},{"surface":"croceum","lemma":"croceus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"saffron"},{"surface":"linquens","lemma":"linquo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"leaving"},{"surface":"Aurora","lemma":"aurora","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Dawn"},{"surface":"cubile","lemma":"cubile","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"bed"}]},{"number":461,"label":"461","id":"b9-l461","source":"iam sole infuso, iam rebus luce retectis","translation":"now with the sun poured in, now with things uncovered by the light,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l461.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"iam","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"sole","lemma":"sol","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"sun"},{"surface":"infuso","lemma":"infundo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having poured in"},{"surface":"iam","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"rebus","lemma":"res","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"things"},{"surface":"luce","lemma":"lux","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"light"},{"surface":"retectis","lemma":"retego","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been uncovered"}]},{"number":462,"label":"462","id":"b9-l462","source":"Turnus in arma viros, armis circumdatus ipse,","translation":"Turnus, himself already ringed in his armor, rouses the men","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l462.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Turnus","lemma":"turnus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Turnus"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"arma","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"arms"},{"surface":"viros","lemma":"uir","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"armis","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in armor"},{"surface":"circumdatus","lemma":"circumdo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"ringed"},{"surface":"ipse","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"himself"}]},{"number":463,"label":"463","id":"b9-l463","source":"suscitat, aeratasque acies in proelia cogit","translation":"to arms, and drives his bronze-clad ranks into battle,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l463.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"suscitat","lemma":"suscito","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"rouses"},{"surface":"aeratasque","lemma":"aeratus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"and bronze-clad"},{"surface":"acies","lemma":"acies","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"ranks"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"proelia","lemma":"proelium","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"battle"},{"surface":"cogit","lemma":"cogo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"drives"}]},{"number":464,"label":"464","id":"b9-l464","source":"quisque suas variisque acuunt rumoribus iras.","translation":"each his own, and they whet their angers on all kinds of rumor.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l464.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quisque","lemma":"quisque","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"each"},{"surface":"suas","lemma":"suus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"his own"},{"surface":"variisque","lemma":"uarius","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"and various","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"acuunt","lemma":"acuo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"whet"},{"surface":"rumoribus","lemma":"rumor","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with rumors"},{"surface":"iras","lemma":"ira","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"angers"}]},{"number":465,"label":"465","id":"b9-l465","source":"Quin ipsa arrectis (visu miserabile) in hastis","translation":"More than that (pitiable to see) they fix on upright spears","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l465.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Quin","lemma":"quin","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ipsa","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"arrectis","lemma":"arrigo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"set upright"},{"surface":"visu","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"supine, ablative","role":"adverbial","gloss":"to see"},{"surface":"miserabile","lemma":"miserabilis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular neuter","role":"predicate","gloss":"pitiable"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"hastis","lemma":"hasta","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"spears"}]},{"number":466,"label":"466","id":"b9-l466","source":"praefigunt capita et multo clamore sequuntur","translation":"the heads themselves, and follow them with a great shouting,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l466.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"praefigunt","lemma":"praefigo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"set in front"},{"surface":"capita","lemma":"caput","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"heads"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"multo","lemma":"multus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"clamore","lemma":"clamor","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"shout"},{"surface":"sequuntur","lemma":"sequor","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"follow"}]},{"number":467,"label":"467","id":"b9-l467","source":"Euryali et Nisi.","translation":"the heads of Euryalus and Nisus.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l467.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Euryali","lemma":"euryalus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Euryalus"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Nisi","lemma":"nisus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Nisus"}]},{"number":468,"label":"468","id":"b9-l468","source":"Aeneadae duri murorum in parte sinistra","translation":"The hardened followers of Aeneas set their line against them","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l468.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Aeneadae","lemma":"aeneades","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"sons of Aeneas"},{"surface":"duri","lemma":"durus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"hardened"},{"surface":"murorum","lemma":"murus","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"walls"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"parte","lemma":"pars","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"part"},{"surface":"sinistra","lemma":"sinister","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"left"}]},{"number":469,"label":"469","id":"b9-l469","source":"opposuere aciem, nam dextera cingitur amni,","translation":"on the left-hand stretch of the walls, the right is ringed by the river,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l469.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"opposuere","lemma":"oppono","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"set against"},{"surface":"aciem","lemma":"acies","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"battle line"},{"surface":"nam","lemma":"nam","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"dextera","lemma":"dextera","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"the right"},{"surface":"cingitur","lemma":"cingo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"is ringed"},{"surface":"amni","lemma":"amnis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"river"}]},{"number":470,"label":"470","id":"b9-l470","source":"ingentisque tenent fossas et turribus altis","translation":"and they hold the huge ditches and stand grieving","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l470.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ingentisque","lemma":"ingens","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"huge"},{"surface":"tenent","lemma":"teneo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"hold"},{"surface":"fossas","lemma":"fossa","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"ditches"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"turribus","lemma":"turris","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"place","gloss":"on towers"},{"surface":"altis","lemma":"altus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"high"}]},{"number":471,"label":"471","id":"b9-l471","source":"stant maesti; simul ora virum praefixa movebant,","translation":"on the high towers; and the men's faces, fixed on the spears, kept moving them,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l471.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"stant","lemma":"sto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"stand"},{"surface":"maesti","lemma":"maestus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"grieving"},{"surface":"simul","lemma":"simul","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at the same time"},{"surface":"ora","lemma":"os","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"faces"},{"surface":"virum","lemma":"uir","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the men"},{"surface":"praefixa","lemma":"praefigo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"fixed on spears"},{"surface":"movebant","lemma":"moueo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"moved"}]},{"number":472,"label":"472","id":"b9-l472","source":"nota nimis miseris atroque fluentia tabo.","translation":"known far too well by wretched men, and running with black rot.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l472.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"nota","lemma":"notus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"known"},{"surface":"nimis","lemma":"nimis","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"miseris","lemma":"miser","morphology":"adjective, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"wretched"},{"surface":"atroque","lemma":"ater","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"black","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"fluentia","lemma":"fluo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"running"},{"surface":"tabo","lemma":"tabum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with rot"}]},{"number":473,"label":"473","id":"b9-l473","source":"Interea pavidam volitans pennata per urbem","translation":"Meanwhile winged Rumor, flying through the frightened town,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l473.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Interea","lemma":"interea","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"meanwhile"},{"surface":"pavidam","lemma":"pauidus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"frightened"},{"surface":"volitans","lemma":"uolito","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"flying about"},{"surface":"pennata","lemma":"pennatus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"winged"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"urbem","lemma":"urbs","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"town"}]},{"number":474,"label":"474","id":"b9-l474","source":"nuntia Fama ruit matrisque adlabitur auris","translation":"the messenger, rushes on and glides to the ears of Euryalus'","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l474.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"nuntia","lemma":"nuntius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"messenger"},{"surface":"Fama","lemma":"fama","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Rumor"},{"surface":"ruit","lemma":"ruo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"rushes"},{"surface":"matrisque","lemma":"mater","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"adlabitur","lemma":"allabor","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"glides to, steals upon"},{"surface":"auris","lemma":"auris","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"ears"}]},{"number":475,"label":"475","id":"b9-l475","source":"Euryali. At subitus miserae calor ossa reliquit,","translation":"mother. All at once the warmth left the poor woman's bones,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l475.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Euryali","lemma":"euryalus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Euryalus"},{"surface":"At","lemma":"at","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"subitus","lemma":"subitus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"sudden"},{"surface":"miserae","lemma":"miser","morphology":"adjective, dative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"the poor woman's"},{"surface":"calor","lemma":"calor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"warmth"},{"surface":"ossa","lemma":"os","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"bones"},{"surface":"reliquit","lemma":"relinquo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"left behind"}]},{"number":476,"label":"476","id":"b9-l476","source":"excussi manibus radii revolutaque pensa.","translation":"the shuttle was struck out of her hands and the wool unrolled.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l476.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"excussi manibus radii revolutaque pensa","title":"Radii and pensa, loom terms","body":"Radii is the shuttle of a loom, and pensa is the measured portion of wool set out for a day's spinning. Euryalus' mother drops both from her hands here; twelve lines later the cloth she was making turns out to be his shroud."}],"words":[{"surface":"excussi","lemma":"excutio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"knocked out"},{"surface":"manibus","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"hands"},{"surface":"radii","lemma":"radius","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"shuttles"},{"surface":"revolutaque","lemma":"reuoluo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural neuter","role":"predicate","gloss":"and unrolled"},{"surface":"pensa","lemma":"pensum","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"the wool"}]},{"number":477,"label":"477","id":"b9-l477","source":"Evolat infelix et femineo ululatu,","translation":"She flies out, unlucky woman, and with a woman's wailing,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l477.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Evolat","lemma":"euolo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"flies away"},{"surface":"infelix","lemma":"infelix","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"unlucky"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"femineo","lemma":"femineus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"womanly"},{"surface":"ululatu","lemma":"ululatus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with wailing"}]},{"number":478,"label":"478","id":"b9-l478","source":"scissa comam, muros amens atque agmina cursu","translation":"her hair torn, out of her mind, she runs for the walls","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l478.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"scissa","lemma":"scindo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"torn"},{"surface":"comam","lemma":"coma","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"hair"},{"surface":"muros","lemma":"murus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"walls"},{"surface":"amens","lemma":"amens","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"out of her mind"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"agmina","lemma":"agmen","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"ranks"},{"surface":"cursu","lemma":"cursus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"at a run"}]},{"number":479,"label":"479","id":"b9-l479","source":"prima petit, non illa virum, non illa pericli","translation":"and the front ranks, with no thought of the men, no thought","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l479.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"prima","lemma":"primus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"the front"},{"surface":"petit","lemma":"peto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"makes for"},{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"illa","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"virum","lemma":"uir","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the men"},{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"illa","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"pericli","lemma":"periculum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"of danger"}]},{"number":480,"label":"480","id":"b9-l480","source":"telorumque memor; caelum dehinc questibus implet:","translation":"of the danger or the weapons; then she fills the sky with her cry:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l480.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"telorumque","lemma":"telum","morphology":"noun, genitive plural neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"weapons"},{"surface":"memor","lemma":"memor","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"mindful"},{"surface":"caelum","lemma":"caelum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"sky"},{"surface":"dehinc","lemma":"dehinc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"questibus","lemma":"questus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with cries"},{"surface":"implet","lemma":"impleo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"fills up"}]},{"number":481,"label":"481","id":"b9-l481","source":"“Hunc ego te, Euryale, aspicio? Tune illa senectae","translation":"“Is it you I am looking at, Euryalus? You, that late","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l481.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Hunc ego te, Euryale, aspicio?","title":"Two accusatives for one boy","body":"Hunc, 'this thing', and te, 'you', are both accusative objects of one verb, aspicio. The mother names what she sees as an object, hunc, and then as her son, te, without one word to link them."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hunc","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"ego","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"Euryale","lemma":"euryalus","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"Euryalus"},{"surface":"aspicio","lemma":"aspicio","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"do I see"},{"surface":"Tune","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"you","note":"-ne attached: \"marks a question.\""},{"surface":"illa","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"senectae","lemma":"senecta","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"old age"}]},{"number":482,"label":"482","id":"b9-l482","source":"sera meae requies, potuisti linquere solam,","translation":"rest of my old age, could you leave me alone,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l482.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sera","lemma":"serus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"late"},{"surface":"meae","lemma":"meus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"requies","lemma":"requies","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"rest"},{"surface":"potuisti","lemma":"possum","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"could you"},{"surface":"linquere","lemma":"linquo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to leave"},{"surface":"solam","lemma":"solus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"alone"}]},{"number":483,"label":"483","id":"b9-l483","source":"crudelis? Nec te, sub tanta pericula missum,","translation":"cruel boy? And when you were sent out under such dangers, was there","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l483.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"crudelis","lemma":"crudelis","morphology":"adjective, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"cruel"},{"surface":"Nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"sub","lemma":"sub","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"tanta","lemma":"tantus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"pericula","lemma":"periculum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"dangers"},{"surface":"missum","lemma":"mitto","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been sent"}]},{"number":484,"label":"484","id":"b9-l484","source":"adfari extremum miserae data copia matri?","translation":"no chance given your poor mother to speak to you one last time?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l484.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"adfari","lemma":"affor","morphology":"verb, present infinitive deponent","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to speak to"},{"surface":"extremum","lemma":"extremus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"one last time"},{"surface":"miserae","lemma":"miser","morphology":"adjective, dative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"poor"},{"surface":"data","lemma":"do","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"given"},{"surface":"copia","lemma":"copia","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"opportunity"},{"surface":"matri","lemma":"mater","morphology":"noun, dative singular feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"mother"}]},{"number":485,"label":"485","id":"b9-l485","source":"Heu, terra ignota canibus data praeda Latinis","translation":"Oh, you lie in a land you never knew, given as prey","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l485.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Heu","lemma":"heu","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation","gloss":"oh"},{"surface":"terra","lemma":"terra","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"place","gloss":"in a land"},{"surface":"ignota","lemma":"ignotus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"unknown"},{"surface":"canibus","lemma":"canis","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to dogs"},{"surface":"data","lemma":"do","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"given"},{"surface":"praeda","lemma":"praeda","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"prey"},{"surface":"Latinis","lemma":"latinus","morphology":"adjective, dative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Latin"}]},{"number":486,"label":"486","id":"b9-l486","source":"alitibusque iaces, nec te, tua funera mater","translation":"to Latin dogs and to birds; and I, your mother, did not lead","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l486.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"alitibusque","lemma":"ales","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"and to birds","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"iaces","lemma":"iaceo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"lie"},{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"tua","lemma":"tuus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"funera","lemma":"funus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"funerals"},{"surface":"mater","lemma":"mater","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"mother"}]},{"number":487,"label":"487","id":"b9-l487","source":"produxi pressive oculos aut volnera lavi,","translation":"your funeral out, or close your eyes, or wash your wounds,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l487.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"produxi","lemma":"produco","morphology":"verb, 1st singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"led out"},{"surface":"pressive","lemma":"premo","morphology":"verb, 1st singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"or closed","note":"-ve attached: \"or.\""},{"surface":"oculos","lemma":"oculus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"aut","lemma":"aut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"volnera","lemma":"uolnus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"wounds"},{"surface":"lavi","lemma":"lauo","morphology":"verb, 1st singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"washed"}]},{"number":488,"label":"488","id":"b9-l488","source":"veste tegens, tibi quam noctes festina diesque","translation":"covering you with the cloth I hurried at nights and days,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l488.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"veste","lemma":"uestis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with cloth"},{"surface":"tegens","lemma":"tego","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"covering"},{"surface":"tibi","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"quam","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"noctes","lemma":"nox","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"at nights"},{"surface":"festina","lemma":"festinus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"hurrying"},{"surface":"diesque","lemma":"dies","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"and days","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""}]},{"number":489,"label":"489","id":"b9-l489","source":"urgebam et tela curas solabar anilis.","translation":"pressing on at the loom and easing an old woman's cares.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l489.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"urgebam","lemma":"urgeo","morphology":"verb, 1st singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was working hard at"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tela","lemma":"tela","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"loom-work"},{"surface":"curas","lemma":"cura","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"cares"},{"surface":"solabar","lemma":"solor","morphology":"verb, 1st singular imperfect indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"eased, consoled"},{"surface":"anilis","lemma":"anilis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"an old woman's"}]},{"number":490,"label":"490","id":"b9-l490","source":"Quo sequar, aut quae nunc artus avolsaque membra","translation":"Where am I to follow? What ground has your body now,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l490.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Quo","lemma":"quo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"where to"},{"surface":"sequar","lemma":"sequor","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present subjunctive deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"am I to follow"},{"surface":"aut","lemma":"aut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"nunc","lemma":"nunc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"artus","lemma":"artus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"limbs"},{"surface":"avolsaque","lemma":"auello","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"torn away"},{"surface":"membra","lemma":"membrum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"limbs"}]},{"number":491,"label":"491","id":"b9-l491","source":"et funus lacerum tellus habet? Hoc mihi de te,","translation":"the limbs torn away, the mangled corpse? Is this what you bring me","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l491.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"funus","lemma":"funus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"corpse"},{"surface":"lacerum","lemma":"lacer","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"mangled"},{"surface":"tellus","lemma":"tellus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"ground"},{"surface":"habet","lemma":"habeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"holds"},{"surface":"Hoc","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"mihi","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"concerning"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"you"}]},{"number":492,"label":"492","id":"b9-l492","source":"nate, refers? Hoc sum terraque marique secuta?","translation":"back of yourself, son? Is this what I followed over land and sea?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l492.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"nate","lemma":"natus","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"son"},{"surface":"refers","lemma":"refero","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"bring back"},{"surface":"Hoc","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"sum","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"am"},{"surface":"terraque","lemma":"terra","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"land"},{"surface":"marique","lemma":"mare","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"sea"},{"surface":"secuta","lemma":"sequor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular feminine","role":"main verb","gloss":"followed"}]},{"number":493,"label":"493","id":"b9-l493","source":"Figite me, siqua est pietas, in me omnia tela","translation":"Stab me, Rutulians, if there is any duty in you; throw every weapon","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l493.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"siqua est pietas","title":"Duty, asked of the enemy","body":"Pietas is the poem's word for duty owed to gods, parents, children and country, and elsewhere it defines Aeneas himself. Here Euryalus' mother appeals to it in her son's killers, siqua est pietas, 'if there is any duty in you', asking them to kill her too."}],"words":[{"surface":"Figite","lemma":"figo","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"pierce"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"siqua","lemma":"siquis","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"if, if only"},{"surface":"est","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"pietas","lemma":"pietas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"duty"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"omnia","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"tela","lemma":"telum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"weapons"}]},{"number":494,"label":"494","id":"b9-l494","source":"conicite, o Rutuli, me primam absumite ferro:","translation":"of yours at me; make an end of me first with the iron;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l494.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"conicite","lemma":"conicio","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"throw"},{"surface":"o","lemma":"o","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation","gloss":"oh"},{"surface":"Rutuli","lemma":"rutuli","morphology":"noun, vocative plural masculine","role":"address","gloss":"Rutulians"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"primam","lemma":"primus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"absumite","lemma":"absumo","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"make an end of"},{"surface":"ferro","lemma":"ferrum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"iron"}]},{"number":495,"label":"495","id":"b9-l495","source":"aut tu, magne pater divom, miserere tuoque","translation":"or you, great father of the gods, have pity, and with your own","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l495.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"aut","lemma":"aut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"magne","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"pater","lemma":"pater","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"divom","lemma":"diuus","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the gods"},{"surface":"miserere","lemma":"misereor","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative deponent","role":"command","gloss":"pity"},{"surface":"tuoque","lemma":"tuus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"your","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""}]},{"number":496,"label":"496","id":"b9-l496","source":"invisum hoc detrude caput sub Tartara telo,","translation":"spear thrust this hated head down under Tartarus,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l496.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"invisum","lemma":"inuisus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"hated"},{"surface":"hoc","lemma":"hic","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"detrude","lemma":"detrudo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"thrust down"},{"surface":"caput","lemma":"caput","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"sub","lemma":"sub","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"Tartara","lemma":"tartarus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"Tartarus"},{"surface":"telo","lemma":"telum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with your spear"}]},{"number":497,"label":"497","id":"b9-l497","source":"quando aliter nequeo crudelem abrumpere vitam.”","translation":"since I have no other way to break off a cruel life.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l497.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quando","lemma":"quando","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"aliter","lemma":"aliter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"otherwise"},{"surface":"nequeo","lemma":"nequeo","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"I cannot"},{"surface":"crudelem","lemma":"crudelis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"cruel"},{"surface":"abrumpere","lemma":"abrumpo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to break"},{"surface":"vitam","lemma":"uita","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"life"}]},{"number":498,"label":"498","id":"b9-l498","source":"Hoc fletu concussi animi, maestusque per omnis","translation":"Their spirits were shaken by this weeping, and a groan of grief","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l498.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hoc","lemma":"hic","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"fletu","lemma":"fletus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"weeping"},{"surface":"concussi","lemma":"concutio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"shaken"},{"surface":"animi","lemma":"animus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"spirits"},{"surface":"maestusque","lemma":"maestus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"and mournful"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"omnis","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"all"}]},{"number":499,"label":"499","id":"b9-l499","source":"it gemitus: torpent infractae ad proelia vires.","translation":"goes through them all: their strength for the fight is broken and numb.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l499.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"it","lemma":"eo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"goes"},{"surface":"gemitus","lemma":"gemitus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"a groan"},{"surface":"torpent","lemma":"torpeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"be numb or lethargic"},{"surface":"infractae","lemma":"infractus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"broken"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"proelia","lemma":"proelium","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"battle"},{"surface":"vires","lemma":"uis","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"strength"}]},{"number":500,"label":"500","id":"b9-l500","source":"Illam incendentem luctus Idaeus et Actor","translation":"Idaeus and Actor, on Ilioneus' word and with Iulus","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l500.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Illam","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"incendentem","lemma":"incendo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"kindling"},{"surface":"luctus","lemma":"luctus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"mourning"},{"surface":"Idaeus","lemma":"idaeus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Idaeus"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Actor","lemma":"actor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Actor"}]},{"number":501,"label":"501","id":"b9-l501","source":"Illionei monitu et multum lacrimantis Iuli","translation":"weeping hard, catch hold of her while she sets the mourning alight,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l501.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Illionei","lemma":"ilioneus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Ilioneus"},{"surface":"monitu","lemma":"monitus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"at the urging"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"multum","lemma":"multum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"greatly"},{"surface":"lacrimantis","lemma":"lacrimo","morphology":"participle, present active genitive singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"weeping"},{"surface":"Iuli","lemma":"iulus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of Iulus"}]},{"number":502,"label":"502","id":"b9-l502","source":"corripiunt interque manus sub tecta reponunt.","translation":"and carry her between their hands and lay her back under a roof.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l502.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"corripiunt","lemma":"corripio","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"catch up"},{"surface":"interque","lemma":"inter","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"between","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"manus","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"hands"},{"surface":"sub","lemma":"sub","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"tecta","lemma":"tectum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"roof"},{"surface":"reponunt","lemma":"repono","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"put back"}]},{"number":503,"label":"503","id":"b9-l503","source":"At tuba terribilem sonitum procul aere canoro","translation":"But far off the trumpet let out its terrible sound","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l503.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"At","lemma":"at","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"tuba","lemma":"tuba","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"trumpet"},{"surface":"terribilem","lemma":"terribilis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"terrible"},{"surface":"sonitum","lemma":"sonitus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"sound"},{"surface":"procul","lemma":"procul","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"far off"},{"surface":"aere","lemma":"aes","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with bronze"},{"surface":"canoro","lemma":"canorus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"singing"}]},{"number":504,"label":"504","id":"b9-l504","source":"increpuit; sequitur clamor caelumque remugit.","translation":"from the singing bronze; a shout follows, and the sky bellows back.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l504.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"increpuit","lemma":"increpo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"sounded out"},{"surface":"sequitur","lemma":"sequor","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"follows"},{"surface":"clamor","lemma":"clamor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"shout"},{"surface":"caelumque","lemma":"caelum","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"sky"},{"surface":"remugit","lemma":"remugio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"bellows back"}]},{"number":505,"label":"505","id":"b9-l505","source":"Adcelerant acta pariter testudine Volsci","translation":"The Volscians come on fast with the tortoise formed level","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l505.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Adcelerant","lemma":"accelero","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"hasten"},{"surface":"acta","lemma":"ago","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"driven, formed"},{"surface":"pariter","lemma":"pariter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"level"},{"surface":"testudine","lemma":"testudo","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"tortoise"},{"surface":"Volsci","lemma":"uolsci","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Volscians"}]},{"number":506,"label":"506","id":"b9-l506","source":"et fossas implere parant ac vellere vallum.","translation":"and make ready to fill the ditches and pull the stockade out.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l506.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fossas","lemma":"fossa","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"ditches"},{"surface":"implere","lemma":"impleo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to fill up"},{"surface":"parant","lemma":"paro","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"prepare"},{"surface":"ac","lemma":"ac","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vellere","lemma":"uello","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to pull out"},{"surface":"vallum","lemma":"uallum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"stockade"}]},{"number":507,"label":"507","id":"b9-l507","source":"Quaerunt pars aditum et scalis ascendere muros,","translation":"Some of them look for a way in and for ladders to climb the walls,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l507.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Quaerunt","lemma":"quaero","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"look for"},{"surface":"pars","lemma":"pars","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"aditum","lemma":"aditus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"entrance"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"scalis","lemma":"scalae","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"ladders"},{"surface":"ascendere","lemma":"ascendo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to climb"},{"surface":"muros","lemma":"murus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"walls"}]},{"number":508,"label":"508","id":"b9-l508","source":"qua rara est acies interlucetque corona","translation":"where the line is thin and the ring of men lets light through,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l508.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"qua","lemma":"qua","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"rara","lemma":"rarus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"thin"},{"surface":"est","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"acies","lemma":"acies","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"battle line"},{"surface":"interlucetque","lemma":"interluceo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"and lets light through"},{"surface":"corona","lemma":"corona","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"ring of men"}]},{"number":509,"label":"509","id":"b9-l509","source":"non tam spissa viris. Telorum effundere contra","translation":"not so packed with soldiers. Against them the Teucrians pour out","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l509.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"tam","lemma":"tam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"spissa","lemma":"spissus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"packed"},{"surface":"viris","lemma":"uir","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"Telorum","lemma":"telum","morphology":"noun, genitive plural neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"weapons"},{"surface":"effundere","lemma":"effundo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"pour out"},{"surface":"contra","lemma":"contra","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"against them"}]},{"number":510,"label":"510","id":"b9-l510","source":"omne genus Teucri ac duris detrudere contis,","translation":"weapons of every kind and shove them off with hard poles,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l510.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"omne","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"genus","lemma":"genus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"kind"},{"surface":"Teucri","lemma":"teucer","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Trojans"},{"surface":"ac","lemma":"ac","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"duris","lemma":"durus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"hard"},{"surface":"detrudere","lemma":"detrudo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"shove off"},{"surface":"contis","lemma":"contus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"poles, pikes"}]},{"number":511,"label":"511","id":"b9-l511","source":"adsueti longo muros defendere bello.","translation":"schooled by a long war in the defending of walls.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l511.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"adsueti","lemma":"assuesco","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been accustomed"},{"surface":"longo","lemma":"longus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"muros","lemma":"murus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"walls"},{"surface":"defendere","lemma":"defendo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to defend"},{"surface":"bello","lemma":"bellum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"war"}]},{"number":512,"label":"512","id":"b9-l512","source":"Saxa quoque infesto volvebant pondere, siqua","translation":"They rolled rocks down too, with a deadly weight, to see whether they could","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l512.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Saxa","lemma":"saxum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"rocks"},{"surface":"quoque","lemma":"quoque","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"infesto","lemma":"infestus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"deadly"},{"surface":"volvebant","lemma":"uoluo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"rolled"},{"surface":"pondere","lemma":"pondus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with weight"},{"surface":"siqua","lemma":"si","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"to see whether"}]},{"number":513,"label":"513","id":"b9-l513","source":"possent tectam aciem perrumpere: cum tamen omnis","translation":"break the roofed line open: though under the packed tortoise","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l513.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"possent","lemma":"possum","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"was able"},{"surface":"tectam","lemma":"tego","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been covered"},{"surface":"aciem","lemma":"acies","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"battle line"},{"surface":"perrumpere","lemma":"perrumpo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to break through"},{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"although"},{"surface":"tamen","lemma":"tamen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"omnis","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"whole"}]},{"number":514,"label":"514","id":"b9-l514","source":"ferre iuvat subter densa testudine casus;","translation":"it is glad to bear whatever comes;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l514.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ferre","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to bear"},{"surface":"iuvat","lemma":"iuuo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"it is pleasing"},{"surface":"subter","lemma":"subter","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"densa","lemma":"densus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"packed"},{"surface":"testudine","lemma":"testudo","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the tortoise"},{"surface":"casus","lemma":"casus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"whatever comes"}]},{"number":515,"label":"515","id":"b9-l515","source":"nec iam sufficiunt. Nam qua globus imminet ingens,","translation":"and now that is not enough. For where the huge mass presses in,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l515.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and not"},{"surface":"iam","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"sufficiunt","lemma":"sufficio","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"are they enough"},{"surface":"Nam","lemma":"nam","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"qua","lemma":"qua","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"globus","lemma":"globus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"the mass"},{"surface":"imminet","lemma":"immineo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"presses in"},{"surface":"ingens","lemma":"ingens","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"huge"}]},{"number":516,"label":"516","id":"b9-l516","source":"immanem Teucri molem volvuntque ruuntque,","translation":"the Teucrians roll a monstrous block and topple it over,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l516.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"immanem","lemma":"immanis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"monstrous"},{"surface":"Teucri","lemma":"teucer","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"the Teucrians"},{"surface":"molem","lemma":"moles","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"block"},{"surface":"volvuntque","lemma":"uoluo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"roll"},{"surface":"ruuntque","lemma":"ruo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"and topple"}]},{"number":517,"label":"517","id":"b9-l517","source":"quae stravit Rutulos late armorumque resolvit","translation":"and it laid the Rutulians flat far and wide and broke apart","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l517.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"stravit","lemma":"sterno","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"laid low"},{"surface":"Rutulos","lemma":"rutuli","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Rutulians"},{"surface":"late","lemma":"late","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"far and wide"},{"surface":"armorumque","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, genitive plural neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"and of their armor"},{"surface":"resolvit","lemma":"resoluo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"broke apart"}]},{"number":518,"label":"518","id":"b9-l518","source":"tegmina. Nec curant caeco contendere Marte","translation":"the shelter of their armor. Nor do the bold Rutulians care any longer","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l518.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"tegmina","lemma":"tegmen","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"shelter"},{"surface":"Nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"curant","lemma":"curo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"care"},{"surface":"caeco","lemma":"caecus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"blind"},{"surface":"contendere","lemma":"contendo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to fight it out"},{"surface":"Marte","lemma":"mars","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"under war"}]},{"number":519,"label":"519","id":"b9-l519","source":"amplius audaces Rutuli, sed pellere vallo","translation":"to fight it out under a blind war-god, but strive to clear the rampart","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l519.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"amplius","lemma":"amplius","morphology":"adverb, comparative","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"any longer"},{"surface":"audaces","lemma":"audax","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"bold"},{"surface":"Rutuli","lemma":"rutuli","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Rutulians"},{"surface":"sed","lemma":"sed","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"pellere","lemma":"pello","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to drive off"},{"surface":"vallo","lemma":"uallum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"from the rampart"}]},{"number":520,"label":"520","id":"b9-l520","source":"missilibus certant.","translation":"with missiles.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l520.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"missilibus","lemma":"missilis","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with missiles"},{"surface":"certant","lemma":"certo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"strive"}]},{"number":521,"label":"521","id":"b9-l521","source":"Parte alia horrendus visu quassabat Etruscam","translation":"In another quarter Mezentius, horrible to look at, was shaking","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l521.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Parte","lemma":"pars","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"part"},{"surface":"alia","lemma":"alius","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"another"},{"surface":"horrendus","lemma":"horrendus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"horrible"},{"surface":"visu","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"supine, ablative","role":"adverbial","gloss":"to see"},{"surface":"quassabat","lemma":"quasso","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was shaking"},{"surface":"Etruscam","lemma":"etruscus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Etruscan"}]},{"number":522,"label":"522","id":"b9-l522","source":"pinum et fumiferos infert Mezentius ignis;","translation":"an Etruscan pine and bringing smoking fires up;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l522.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"pinum","lemma":"pinus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"pine"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fumiferos","lemma":"fumifer","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"smoking"},{"surface":"infert","lemma":"infero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"brings"},{"surface":"Mezentius","lemma":"mezentius","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Mezentius"},{"surface":"ignis","lemma":"ignis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"fires"}]},{"number":523,"label":"523","id":"b9-l523","source":"at Messapus equum domitor, Neptunia proles,","translation":"But Messapus, tamer of horses, the offspring of Neptune,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l523.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Messapus","lemma":"messapus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Messapus"},{"surface":"equum","lemma":"equus","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of horses"},{"surface":"domitor","lemma":"domitor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"tamer"},{"surface":"Neptunia","lemma":"neptunius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of Neptune"},{"surface":"proles","lemma":"proles","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"apposition","gloss":"offspring"}]},{"number":524,"label":"524","id":"b9-l524","source":"rescindit vallum et scalas in moenia poscit.","translation":"cuts the stockade open and calls for ladders to the walls.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l524.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"rescindit","lemma":"rescindo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"cuts out"},{"surface":"vallum","lemma":"uallum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"stockade"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"scalas","lemma":"scalae","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"ladders"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"moenia","lemma":"moenia","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the walls"},{"surface":"poscit","lemma":"posco","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"calls for"}]},{"number":525,"label":"525","id":"b9-l525","source":"Vos, o Calliope, precor, adspirate canenti,","translation":"You, Calliope, I pray you, breathe on me while I sing","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l525.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vos","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"o","lemma":"o","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation","gloss":"oh"},{"surface":"Calliope","lemma":"calliope","morphology":"noun, vocative singular feminine","role":"address","gloss":"Calliope"},{"surface":"precor","lemma":"precor","morphology":"verb, 1st singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"pray"},{"surface":"adspirate","lemma":"aspiro","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"breathe"},{"surface":"canenti","lemma":"cano","morphology":"participle, present active dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"singing"}]},{"number":526,"label":"526","id":"b9-l526","source":"quas ibi tum ferro strages, quae funera Turnus","translation":"what slaughter Turnus dealt out with the sword that day, what deaths,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l526.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quas","lemma":"qui","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"ibi","lemma":"ibi","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"ferro","lemma":"ferrum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with the sword"},{"surface":"strages","lemma":"strages","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"slaughter"},{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"funera","lemma":"funus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"deaths"},{"surface":"Turnus","lemma":"turnus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Turnus"}]},{"number":527,"label":"527","id":"b9-l527","source":"ediderit, quem quisque virum demiserit Orco;","translation":"and whom each man sent down to Orcus;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l527.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ediderit","lemma":"edo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"dealt out"},{"surface":"quem","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"quisque","lemma":"quisque","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"each"},{"surface":"virum","lemma":"uir","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"demiserit","lemma":"demitto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"sent down"},{"surface":"Orco","lemma":"orcus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to Orcus"}]},{"number":528,"label":"528","id":"b9-l528","source":"et mecum ingentis oras evolvite belli,","translation":"and unroll with me the huge margins of the war,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l528.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"mecum","lemma":"ego","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with me"},{"surface":"ingentis","lemma":"ingens","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"huge"},{"surface":"oras","lemma":"ora","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"margins"},{"surface":"evolvite","lemma":"euoluo","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"unroll"},{"surface":"belli","lemma":"bellum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"war"}]},{"number":529,"label":"529","id":"b9-l529","source":"et meministis enim, divae, et memorare potestis.","translation":"For you remember it, goddesses, and you can call it to mind;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l529.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"meministis","lemma":"memini","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"remember"},{"surface":"enim","lemma":"enim","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"divae","lemma":"diua","morphology":"noun, vocative plural feminine","role":"address","gloss":"goddesses"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"memorare","lemma":"memoro","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to call to mind"},{"surface":"potestis","lemma":"possum","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"be able"}]},{"number":530,"label":"530","id":"b9-l530","source":"Turris erat vasto suspectu et pontibus altis,","translation":"There was a tower, huge to look up at, with high gangways,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l530.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Turris","lemma":"turris","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"tower"},{"surface":"erat","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"vasto","lemma":"uastus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"huge"},{"surface":"suspectu","lemma":"suspectus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"looking up at, view"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"pontibus","lemma":"pons","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with gangways"},{"surface":"altis","lemma":"altus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"high"}]},{"number":531,"label":"531","id":"b9-l531","source":"opportuna loco, summis quam viribus omnes","translation":"well placed, and all the Italians were straining with their utmost","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l531.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"opportuna","lemma":"opportunus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"well-placed"},{"surface":"loco","lemma":"locus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in position"},{"surface":"summis","lemma":"summus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"utmost"},{"surface":"quam","lemma":"quam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"viribus","lemma":"uis","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with strength"},{"surface":"omnes","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"every"}]},{"number":532,"label":"532","id":"b9-l532","source":"expugnare Itali summaque evertere opum vi","translation":"strength to storm it and to bring it down with all the force they had,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l532.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"expugnare","lemma":"expugno","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to storm"},{"surface":"Itali","lemma":"italus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Italian"},{"surface":"summaque","lemma":"summus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"utmost","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"evertere","lemma":"euerto","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to overturn"},{"surface":"opum","lemma":"ops","morphology":"noun, genitive plural feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"resources"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"uis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"force"}]},{"number":533,"label":"533","id":"b9-l533","source":"certabant, Troes contra defendere saxis","translation":"while the Trojans on the other side defended it with stones","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l533.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"certabant","lemma":"certo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"were striving"},{"surface":"Troes","lemma":"troes","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"the Trojans"},{"surface":"contra","lemma":"contra","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"on the other side"},{"surface":"defendere","lemma":"defendo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to defend"},{"surface":"saxis","lemma":"saxum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with stones"}]},{"number":534,"label":"534","id":"b9-l534","source":"perque cavas densi tela intorquere fenestras.","translation":"and, packed close, hurled weapons out through the hollow windows.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l534.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"perque","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"cavas","lemma":"cauus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"hollow"},{"surface":"densi","lemma":"densus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"packed close"},{"surface":"tela","lemma":"telum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"weapons"},{"surface":"intorquere","lemma":"intorqueo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to hurl"},{"surface":"fenestras","lemma":"fenestra","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"windows"}]},{"number":535,"label":"535","id":"b9-l535","source":"Princeps ardentem coniecit lampada Turnus","translation":"Turnus first threw a burning brand","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l535.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Princeps","lemma":"princeps","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"ardentem","lemma":"ardeo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"burning"},{"surface":"coniecit","lemma":"conicio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"threw"},{"surface":"lampada","lemma":"lampas","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"torch"},{"surface":"Turnus","lemma":"turnus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Turnus"}]},{"number":536,"label":"536","id":"b9-l536","source":"et flammam adfixit lateri, quae plurima vento","translation":"and fastened the flame to its side; it spread wide on the wind,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l536.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"flammam","lemma":"flamma","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"flame"},{"surface":"adfixit","lemma":"affigo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"fastened"},{"surface":"lateri","lemma":"latus","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"side"},{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"plurima","lemma":"multus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine, superlative","role":"modifier","gloss":"very wide"},{"surface":"vento","lemma":"uentus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"wind"}]},{"number":537,"label":"537","id":"b9-l537","source":"corripuit tabulas et postibus haesit adesis.","translation":"caught the planking and clung to the doorposts as it ate them.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l537.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"corripuit","lemma":"corripio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"caught"},{"surface":"tabulas","lemma":"tabula","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"planks, boards"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"postibus","lemma":"postis","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to the doorposts"},{"surface":"haesit","lemma":"haereo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"clung"},{"surface":"adesis","lemma":"adedo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive dative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"eaten away"}]},{"number":538,"label":"538","id":"b9-l538","source":"Turbati trepidare intus frustraque malorum","translation":"Inside, in confusion, they panicked, and wanted, uselessly,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l538.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Turbati","lemma":"turbo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"thrown into confusion"},{"surface":"trepidare","lemma":"trepido","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"panicked"},{"surface":"intus","lemma":"intus","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"inside"},{"surface":"frustraque","lemma":"frustra","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"and uselessly"},{"surface":"malorum","lemma":"malum","morphology":"noun, genitive plural neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"troubles, misfortunes"}]},{"number":539,"label":"539","id":"b9-l539","source":"velle fugam. Dum se glomerant retroque residunt","translation":"to escape their troubles. While they crowd together and fall back","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l539.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"velle","lemma":"uolo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"wanted"},{"surface":"fugam","lemma":"fuga","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"escape"},{"surface":"Dum","lemma":"dum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"glomerant","lemma":"glomero","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"crowd together"},{"surface":"retroque","lemma":"retro","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"and back"},{"surface":"residunt","lemma":"resido","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"sit down"}]},{"number":540,"label":"540","id":"b9-l540","source":"in partem, quae peste caret, tum pondere turris","translation":"into the part clear of the ruin, then all at once the tower","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l540.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"partem","lemma":"pars","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the part"},{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"peste","lemma":"pestis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"of the ruin"},{"surface":"caret","lemma":"careo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"lacks"},{"surface":"tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"pondere","lemma":"pondus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"under the weight"},{"surface":"turris","lemma":"turris","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"tower"}]},{"number":541,"label":"541","id":"b9-l541","source":"procubuit subito et caelum tonat omne fragore.","translation":"went down under the weight, and the whole sky thunders with the crash.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l541.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"procubuit","lemma":"procumbo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"fell down, collapsed"},{"surface":"subito","lemma":"subito","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"suddenly"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"caelum","lemma":"caelum","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"sky"},{"surface":"tonat","lemma":"tono","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"thunders"},{"surface":"omne","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"fragore","lemma":"fragor","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with the crash"}]},{"number":542,"label":"542","id":"b9-l542","source":"Semineces ad terram, immani mole secuta,","translation":"They come to the ground half dead, the monstrous mass after them,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l542.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Semineces","lemma":"seminecis","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"half-dead"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"terram","lemma":"terra","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the ground"},{"surface":"immani","lemma":"immanis","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"monstrous"},{"surface":"mole","lemma":"moles","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"large mass"},{"surface":"secuta","lemma":"sequor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having followed"}]},{"number":543,"label":"543","id":"b9-l543","source":"confixique suis telis et pectora duro","translation":"pinned through by their own weapons, their chests run through","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l543.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"confixique","lemma":"configo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"pierced through","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"suis","lemma":"suus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"his own"},{"surface":"telis","lemma":"telum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"weapons"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"pectora","lemma":"pectus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"chests"},{"surface":"duro","lemma":"durus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"hard"}]},{"number":544,"label":"544","id":"b9-l544","source":"transfossi ligno veniunt. Vix unus Helenor","translation":"by hard timber. Helenor alone barely slipped clear,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l544.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"transfossi","lemma":"transfodio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been transfixed"},{"surface":"ligno","lemma":"lignum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by timber"},{"surface":"veniunt","lemma":"uenio","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"Vix","lemma":"uix","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"barely"},{"surface":"unus","lemma":"unus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"Helenor","lemma":"helenor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Helenor"}]},{"number":545,"label":"545","id":"b9-l545","source":"et Lycus elapsi. Quorum primaevus Helenor,","translation":"and Lycus. Of these Helenor, in the first of his youth,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l545.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Lycus","lemma":"lycus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Lycus"},{"surface":"elapsi","lemma":"elabor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative plural masculine","role":"main verb","gloss":"slipped clear"},{"surface":"Quorum","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of these"},{"surface":"primaevus","lemma":"primaeuus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"in first youth"},{"surface":"Helenor","lemma":"helenor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Helenor"}]},{"number":546,"label":"546","id":"b9-l546","source":"Maeonio regi quem serva Licymnia furtim","translation":"whom the slave Licymnia had borne in secret to the Maeonian king","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l546.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Maeonio","lemma":"maeonius","morphology":"adjective, dative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Maeonian"},{"surface":"regi","lemma":"rex","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"king"},{"surface":"quem","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"serva","lemma":"seruus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"slave woman"},{"surface":"Licymnia","lemma":"licymnia","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Licymnia"},{"surface":"furtim","lemma":"furtim","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"secretly"}]},{"number":547,"label":"547","id":"b9-l547","source":"sustulerat vetitisque ad Troiam miserat armis,","translation":"and reared, and sent to Troy with arms he was forbidden,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l547.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sustulerat","lemma":"tollo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"had borne"},{"surface":"vetitisque","lemma":"ueto","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"and forbidden"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Troiam","lemma":"troia","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"Troy"},{"surface":"miserat","lemma":"mitto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"sent"},{"surface":"armis","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with arms"}]},{"number":548,"label":"548","id":"b9-l548","source":"ense levis nudo parmaque inglorius alba;","translation":"light with a bare sword and inglorious with a plain white shield;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l548.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ense","lemma":"ensis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"sword"},{"surface":"levis","lemma":"leuis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"light"},{"surface":"nudo","lemma":"nudus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"bare"},{"surface":"parmaque","lemma":"parma","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"small round shield"},{"surface":"inglorius","lemma":"inglorius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"inglorious"},{"surface":"alba","lemma":"albus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"white"}]},{"number":549,"label":"549","id":"b9-l549","source":"isque ubi se Turni media inter milia vidit,","translation":"and when he saw himself in the middle of Turnus' thousands,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l549.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"isque","lemma":"is","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ubi","lemma":"ubi","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"Turni","lemma":"turnus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Turnus"},{"surface":"media","lemma":"medius","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"middle"},{"surface":"inter","lemma":"inter","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"milia","lemma":"mille","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"thousands"},{"surface":"vidit","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"saw"}]},{"number":550,"label":"550","id":"b9-l550","source":"hinc acies atque hinc acies adstare Latinas:","translation":"with Latin lines standing on this side and Latin lines on that:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l550.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"hinc","lemma":"hinc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"on this side"},{"surface":"acies","lemma":"acies","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"lines"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hinc","lemma":"hinc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"on that side"},{"surface":"acies","lemma":"acies","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"lines"},{"surface":"adstare","lemma":"adsto","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to stand"},{"surface":"Latinas","lemma":"latinus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Latin"}]},{"number":551,"label":"551","id":"b9-l551","source":"ut fera, quae densa venantum saepta corona","translation":"as a wild beast, fenced in by a close ring of hunters,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l551.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"fera","lemma":"fera","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"wild beast"},{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"densa","lemma":"densus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"close"},{"surface":"venantum","lemma":"uenor","morphology":"participle, present active genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"hunters"},{"surface":"saepta","lemma":"saepio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"fenced in"},{"surface":"corona","lemma":"corona","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by a ring"}]},{"number":552,"label":"552","id":"b9-l552","source":"contra tela furit seseque haud nescia morti","translation":"rages at the spears and throws itself, not ignorant of it,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l552.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"contra","lemma":"contra","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"against"},{"surface":"tela","lemma":"telum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"spears"},{"surface":"furit","lemma":"furo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"rages"},{"surface":"seseque","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"himself","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"haud","lemma":"haud","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"nescia","lemma":"nescius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"ignorant"},{"surface":"morti","lemma":"mors","morphology":"noun, dative singular feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"death"}]},{"number":553,"label":"553","id":"b9-l553","source":"inicit et saltu supra venabula fertur,","translation":"on death, and is carried in one leap over the hunting-spears,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l553.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"inicit","lemma":"inicio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"throws"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"saltu","lemma":"saltus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in a leap"},{"surface":"supra","lemma":"supra","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"venabula","lemma":"uenabulum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"hunting-spears"},{"surface":"fertur","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"is carried"}]},{"number":554,"label":"554","id":"b9-l554","source":"haud aliter iuvenis medios moriturus in hostis","translation":"no otherwise the young man goes charging in to die","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l554.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"haud","lemma":"haud","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"aliter","lemma":"aliter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"otherwise"},{"surface":"iuvenis","lemma":"iuuenis","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"young man"},{"surface":"medios","lemma":"medius","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"middle"},{"surface":"moriturus","lemma":"morior","morphology":"participle, future active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"about to die"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"hostis","lemma":"hostis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the enemy"}]},{"number":555,"label":"555","id":"b9-l555","source":"inruit et, qua tela videt densissima, tendit.","translation":"among the enemy, and makes for where he sees the weapons thickest.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l555.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"inruit","lemma":"irruo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"charges"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"qua","lemma":"qua","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"tela","lemma":"telum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"weapons"},{"surface":"videt","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"sees"},{"surface":"densissima","lemma":"densus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter, superlative","role":"modifier","gloss":"thickest"},{"surface":"tendit","lemma":"tendo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"makes for"}]},{"number":556,"label":"556","id":"b9-l556","source":"At pedibus longe melior Lycus inter et hostis","translation":"But Lycus, far the better runner, keeps to the walls, slipping","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l556.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"At","lemma":"at","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"pedibus","lemma":"pes","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"feet"},{"surface":"longe","lemma":"longe","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"far"},{"surface":"melior","lemma":"bonus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine, comparative","role":"predicate","gloss":"better"},{"surface":"Lycus","lemma":"lycus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Lycus"},{"surface":"inter","lemma":"inter","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"between"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hostis","lemma":"hostis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"enemies"}]},{"number":557,"label":"557","id":"b9-l557","source":"inter et arma fuga muros tenet altaque certat","translation":"between the enemy and between their weapons, and struggles","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l557.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"inter","lemma":"inter","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"between"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"arma","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"weapons"},{"surface":"fuga","lemma":"fuga","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in flight"},{"surface":"muros","lemma":"murus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"walls"},{"surface":"tenet","lemma":"teneo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"makes for"},{"surface":"altaque","lemma":"altus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"high","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"certat","lemma":"certo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"struggles"}]},{"number":558,"label":"558","id":"b9-l558","source":"prendere tecta manu sociumque attingere dextras.","translation":"to catch the high parapet by hand and reach his comrades' right hands.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l558.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"prendere","lemma":"prendo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to catch"},{"surface":"tecta","lemma":"tectum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"parapet"},{"surface":"manu","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"sociumque","lemma":"socius","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"and of comrades","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"attingere","lemma":"attingo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to reach"},{"surface":"dextras","lemma":"dextera","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"right hand"}]},{"number":559,"label":"559","id":"b9-l559","source":"Quem Turnus, pariter cursu teloque secutus,","translation":"Turnus, who had chased him with foot and spear together,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l559.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Quem","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"Turnus","lemma":"turnus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Turnus"},{"surface":"pariter","lemma":"pariter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"together"},{"surface":"cursu","lemma":"cursus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with running"},{"surface":"teloque","lemma":"telum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"and with spear"},{"surface":"secutus","lemma":"sequor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having chased"}]},{"number":560,"label":"560","id":"b9-l560","source":"increpat his victor: “Nostrasne evadere, demens,","translation":"jeers at him as he wins: “Did you hope, you madman, that you could get","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l560.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"increpat","lemma":"increpo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"jeers"},{"surface":"his","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with these words"},{"surface":"victor","lemma":"uictor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"as winner"},{"surface":"Nostrasne","lemma":"noster","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"our","note":"-ne attached: \"marks a question.\""},{"surface":"evadere","lemma":"euado","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to escape"},{"surface":"demens","lemma":"demens","morphology":"adjective, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"madman"}]},{"number":561,"label":"561","id":"b9-l561","source":"sperasti te posse manus?” Simul adripit ipsum","translation":"clear of our hands?” And at the same moment he seizes him","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l561.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sperasti","lemma":"spero","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"did you hope"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"posse","lemma":"possum","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to be able"},{"surface":"manus","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"hands"},{"surface":"Simul","lemma":"simul","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at the same time"},{"surface":"adripit","lemma":"arripio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"seizes, grabs"},{"surface":"ipsum","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"himself"}]},{"number":562,"label":"562","id":"b9-l562","source":"pendentem et magna muri cum parte revellit.","translation":"hanging there and tears him down with a great piece of the wall.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l562.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"pendentem","lemma":"pendeo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"hanging"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"magna","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"muri","lemma":"murus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"wall"},{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"parte","lemma":"pars","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"piece"},{"surface":"revellit","lemma":"reuello","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"tears"}]},{"number":563,"label":"563","id":"b9-l563","source":"Qualis ubi aut leporem aut candenti corpore cycnum","translation":"As when Jove's armor-bearer, making for the heights, has caught up","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l563.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Qualis","lemma":"qualis","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"ubi","lemma":"ubi","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"aut","lemma":"aut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"either"},{"surface":"leporem","lemma":"lepus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"hare"},{"surface":"aut","lemma":"aut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"candenti","lemma":"candeo","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"shining"},{"surface":"corpore","lemma":"corpus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"body"},{"surface":"cycnum","lemma":"cycnus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"swan"}]},{"number":564,"label":"564","id":"b9-l564","source":"sustulit alta petens pedibus Iovis armiger uncis","translation":"in his hooked claws either a hare or a swan of shining body,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l564.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sustulit","lemma":"tollo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"has caught up"},{"surface":"alta","lemma":"altus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"the heights"},{"surface":"petens","lemma":"peto","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"making for"},{"surface":"pedibus","lemma":"pes","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with claws"},{"surface":"Iovis","lemma":"iuppiter","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of Jove"},{"surface":"armiger","lemma":"armiger","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"armor-bearer"},{"surface":"uncis","lemma":"uncus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"hooked"}]},{"number":565,"label":"565","id":"b9-l565","source":"quaesitum aut matri multis balatibus agnum","translation":"or the wolf of Mars has snatched from the folds a lamb","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l565.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quaesitum","lemma":"quaero","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"sought"},{"surface":"aut","lemma":"aut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"matri","lemma":"mater","morphology":"noun, dative singular feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"multis","lemma":"multus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"balatibus","lemma":"balatus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with bleating"},{"surface":"agnum","lemma":"agnus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"lamb"}]},{"number":566,"label":"566","id":"b9-l566","source":"Martius a stabulis rapuit lupus. Undique clamor","translation":"whose mother looks for it with much bleating. A shout goes up","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l566.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Martius","lemma":"martius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of Mars"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"stabulis","lemma":"stabulum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the folds"},{"surface":"rapuit","lemma":"rapio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"snatched"},{"surface":"lupus","lemma":"lupus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"wolf"},{"surface":"Undique","lemma":"undique","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"from every side"},{"surface":"clamor","lemma":"clamor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"shout"}]},{"number":567,"label":"567","id":"b9-l567","source":"tollitur: invadunt et fossas aggere complent;","translation":"on every side: they attack and fill the ditches with earth;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l567.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"fossas aggere complent","title":"An earthwork against the wall","body":"Agger is an earthwork or rampart, and aggere here is its ablative, naming the means: they fill the ditches with the spoil they have dug. The mound this makes lets the attackers reach the base of the wall."}],"words":[{"surface":"tollitur","lemma":"tollo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"goes up"},{"surface":"invadunt","lemma":"inuado","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"attack"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fossas","lemma":"fossa","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"ditches"},{"surface":"aggere","lemma":"agger","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with earth"},{"surface":"complent","lemma":"compleo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"fill"}]},{"number":568,"label":"568","id":"b9-l568","source":"ardentis taedas alii ad fastigia iactant.","translation":"others fling burning brands up at the gables.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l568.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ardentis","lemma":"ardeo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"burning"},{"surface":"taedas","lemma":"taeda","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"brands"},{"surface":"alii","lemma":"alius","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"others"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"fastigia","lemma":"fastigium","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"gables"},{"surface":"iactant","lemma":"iacto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"fling"}]},{"number":569,"label":"569","id":"b9-l569","source":"Ilioneus saxo atque ingenti fragmine montis","translation":"Ilioneus lays Lucetius out with a rock, a huge broken piece of mountain,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l569.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ilioneus","lemma":"ilioneus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Ilioneus"},{"surface":"saxo","lemma":"saxum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"rock"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ingenti","lemma":"ingens","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"huge"},{"surface":"fragmine","lemma":"fragmen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with a broken piece"},{"surface":"montis","lemma":"mons","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"mountain"}]},{"number":570,"label":"570","id":"b9-l570","source":"Lucetium portae subeuntem ignisque ferentem,","translation":"as he came up under the gate carrying fire;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l570.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Lucetium","lemma":"lucetius","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Lucetius"},{"surface":"portae","lemma":"porta","morphology":"noun, dative singular feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to the gate"},{"surface":"subeuntem","lemma":"subeo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"coming up"},{"surface":"ignisque","lemma":"ignis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"and fire","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"ferentem","lemma":"fero","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"carrying"}]},{"number":571,"label":"571","id":"b9-l571","source":"Emathiona Liger, Corynaeum sternit Asilas,","translation":"Liger lays out Emathion, Asilas Corynaeus,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l571.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Emathiona","lemma":"emathion","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Emathion"},{"surface":"Liger","lemma":"liger","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Liger"},{"surface":"Corynaeum","lemma":"corynaeus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Corynaeus"},{"surface":"sternit","lemma":"sterno","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"lays low"},{"surface":"Asilas","lemma":"asilas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Asilas"}]},{"number":572,"label":"572","id":"b9-l572","source":"hic iaculo bonus, hic longe fallente sagitta,","translation":"the one good with the javelin, the other with the arrow that cheats from far off;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l572.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"longe fallente sagitta","title":"The arrow that cheats","body":"Fallo means 'to deceive' or 'to slip past unnoticed'. Longe fallente sagitta, 'the arrow that deceives from far off', describes the bowman's weapon as one that arrives unseen, set beside the javelin thrower named in the same line."}],"words":[{"surface":"hic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"iaculo","lemma":"iaculum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"javelin"},{"surface":"bonus","lemma":"bonus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"hic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"the other"},{"surface":"longe","lemma":"longe","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"far off"},{"surface":"fallente","lemma":"fallo","morphology":"participle, present active ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"cheating"},{"surface":"sagitta","lemma":"sagitta","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"arrow"}]},{"number":573,"label":"573","id":"b9-l573","source":"Ortygium Caeneus, victorem Caenea Turnus,","translation":"Caeneus kills Ortygius, and Turnus the winner Caeneus,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l573.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ortygium","lemma":"ortygius","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Ortygius"},{"surface":"Caeneus","lemma":"caeneus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Caeneus"},{"surface":"victorem","lemma":"uictor","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"the winner"},{"surface":"Caenea","lemma":"caeneus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Caeneus"},{"surface":"Turnus","lemma":"turnus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Turnus"}]},{"number":574,"label":"574","id":"b9-l574","source":"Turnus Ityn Cloniumque, Dioxippum Promolumque","translation":"Turnus kills Itys and Clonius, Dioxippus and Promolus","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l574.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Turnus","lemma":"turnus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Turnus"},{"surface":"Ityn","lemma":"itys","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Itys"},{"surface":"Cloniumque","lemma":"clonius","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Clonius","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"Dioxippum","lemma":"dioxippus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Dioxippus"},{"surface":"Promolumque","lemma":"promolus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Promolus","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""}]},{"number":575,"label":"575","id":"b9-l575","source":"et Sagarim et summis stantem pro turribus Idan,","translation":"and Sagaris, and Idas standing out before the highest towers,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l575.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Sagarim","lemma":"sagaris","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Sagaris"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"summis","lemma":"summus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"highest"},{"surface":"stantem","lemma":"sto","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"standing"},{"surface":"pro","lemma":"pro","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"turribus","lemma":"turris","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"towers"},{"surface":"Idan","lemma":"idas","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Idas"}]},{"number":576,"label":"576","id":"b9-l576","source":"Privernum Capys. Hunc primo levis hasta Themillae","translation":"Capys kills Privernus. Themillas' light spear had first","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l576.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Privernum","lemma":"priuernus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Privernus"},{"surface":"Capys","lemma":"capys","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Capys"},{"surface":"Hunc","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"primo","lemma":"primo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at first"},{"surface":"levis","lemma":"leuis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"light"},{"surface":"hasta","lemma":"hasta","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"spear"},{"surface":"Themillae","lemma":"themillas","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Themillas"}]},{"number":577,"label":"577","id":"b9-l577","source":"strinxerat: ille manum proiecto tegmine demens","translation":"grazed him: like a fool he threw his shield away and carried","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l577.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"strinxerat","lemma":"stringo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"had grazed"},{"surface":"ille","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"manum","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"proiecto","lemma":"proicio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"thrown away"},{"surface":"tegmine","lemma":"tegmen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"shield"},{"surface":"demens","lemma":"demens","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"like a fool"}]},{"number":578,"label":"578","id":"b9-l578","source":"ad volnus tulit; ergo alis adlapsa sagitta","translation":"his hand to the wound; so an arrow came gliding on its wings","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l578.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"volnus","lemma":"uolnus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the wound"},{"surface":"tulit","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"carried"},{"surface":"ergo","lemma":"ergo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"alis","lemma":"ala","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"wings"},{"surface":"adlapsa","lemma":"allabor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"gliding"},{"surface":"sagitta","lemma":"sagitta","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"arrow"}]},{"number":579,"label":"579","id":"b9-l579","source":"et laevo infixa est lateri manus abditaque intus","translation":"and was driven into his left side, and the hand with it, and buried deep","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l579.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"laevo","lemma":"laeuus","morphology":"adjective, dative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"left"},{"surface":"infixa","lemma":"infigo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"driven in"},{"surface":"est","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"lateri","lemma":"latus","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"into the side"},{"surface":"manus","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"hands"},{"surface":"abditaque","lemma":"abdo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"and hidden","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"intus","lemma":"intus","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"deep within"}]},{"number":580,"label":"580","id":"b9-l580","source":"spiramenta animae letali volnere rupit.","translation":"it broke the breathing-passages of his life with a mortal wound.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l580.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"spiramenta","lemma":"spiramentum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"breathing-passages"},{"surface":"animae","lemma":"anima","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of his life"},{"surface":"letali","lemma":"letalis","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"mortal"},{"surface":"volnere","lemma":"uolnus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with a wound"},{"surface":"rupit","lemma":"rumpo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"broke"}]},{"number":581,"label":"581","id":"b9-l581","source":"Stabat in egregiis Arcentis filius armis,","translation":"The son of Arcens stood there in splendid armor,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l581.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Stabat","lemma":"sto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"egregiis","lemma":"egregius","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"splendid"},{"surface":"Arcentis","lemma":"arcens","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Arcens"},{"surface":"filius","lemma":"filius","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"son"},{"surface":"armis","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"armor"}]},{"number":582,"label":"582","id":"b9-l582","source":"pictus acu chlamydem et ferrugine clarus Hibera,","translation":"his cloak embroidered with the needle, bright with Spanish dark red,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l582.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ferrugine Hibera","title":"Spanish dark red","body":"Ferrugo names the color of iron rust, a dark purplish red, and Hibera marks the dye as Spanish, an expensive import. The phrase describes the cloak's color and its costliness together."}],"words":[{"surface":"pictus","lemma":"pingo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"embroidered"},{"surface":"acu","lemma":"acus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"needle"},{"surface":"chlamydem","lemma":"chlamys","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"Greek cloak"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ferrugine","lemma":"ferrugo","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"dark red"},{"surface":"clarus","lemma":"clarus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"bright"},{"surface":"Hibera","lemma":"hiberus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Spanish, Iberian"}]},{"number":583,"label":"583","id":"b9-l583","source":"insignis facie, genitor quem miserat Arcens,","translation":"a marked man for his face, whom his father Arcens had sent,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l583.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"insignis","lemma":"insignis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"marked"},{"surface":"facie","lemma":"facies","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"genitor","lemma":"genitor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"quem","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"miserat","lemma":"mitto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"sent"},{"surface":"Arcens","lemma":"arcens","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Arcens"}]},{"number":584,"label":"584","id":"b9-l584","source":"eductum Matris luco Symaethia circum","translation":"reared in the Mother's grove beside the waters of the Symaethus,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l584.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"eductum","lemma":"educo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"reared"},{"surface":"Matris","lemma":"mater","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Mother"},{"surface":"luco","lemma":"lucus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"grove"},{"surface":"Symaethia","lemma":"symaethius","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"of the Symaethus"},{"surface":"circum","lemma":"circum","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"around"}]},{"number":585,"label":"585","id":"b9-l585","source":"flumina, pinguis ubi et placabilis ara Palici:","translation":"where the altar of Palicus is rich and easily appeased:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l585.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"flumina","lemma":"flumen","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"waters"},{"surface":"pinguis","lemma":"pinguis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"rich, fat"},{"surface":"ubi","lemma":"ubi","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"placabilis","lemma":"placabilis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"easily appeased"},{"surface":"ara","lemma":"ara","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"altar"},{"surface":"Palici","lemma":"palicus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Palicus"}]},{"number":586,"label":"586","id":"b9-l586","source":"stridentem fundam positis Mezentius hastis","translation":"Mezentius laid his spears down and drove the whistling sling","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l586.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"stridentem","lemma":"strideo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"whistling"},{"surface":"fundam","lemma":"funda","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"sling"},{"surface":"positis","lemma":"pono","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"laid down"},{"surface":"Mezentius","lemma":"mezentius","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Mezentius"},{"surface":"hastis","lemma":"hasta","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"spears"}]},{"number":587,"label":"587","id":"b9-l587","source":"ipse ter adducta circum caput egit habena","translation":"three times about his own head, drawing the thong,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l587.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ipse","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"ter","lemma":"ter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"three times"},{"surface":"adducta","lemma":"adduco","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"drawn"},{"surface":"circum","lemma":"circum","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"caput","lemma":"caput","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"egit","lemma":"ago","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"drove"},{"surface":"habena","lemma":"habena","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"the thong"}]},{"number":588,"label":"588","id":"b9-l588","source":"et media adversi liquefacto tempora plumbo","translation":"and split the temples of the man facing him down the middle","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l588.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"media","lemma":"medius","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"middle"},{"surface":"adversi","lemma":"aduersus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"the one facing him"},{"surface":"liquefacto","lemma":"liquefacio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"molten"},{"surface":"tempora","lemma":"tempus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"temples"},{"surface":"plumbo","lemma":"plumbum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"lead"}]},{"number":589,"label":"589","id":"b9-l589","source":"diffidit ac multa porrectum extendit harena.","translation":"with molten lead, and stretched him out at full length on the sand.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l589.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"diffidit","lemma":"diffindo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"split apart, cleft"},{"surface":"ac","lemma":"ac","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"multa","lemma":"multus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"much, wide"},{"surface":"porrectum","lemma":"porrigo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"stretched out"},{"surface":"extendit","lemma":"extendo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"stretched"},{"surface":"harena","lemma":"harena","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"on sand"}]},{"number":590,"label":"590","id":"b9-l590","source":"Tum primum bello celerem intendisse sagittam","translation":"Then for the first time in war, they say, Ascanius bent a swift arrow,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l590.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"primum","lemma":"primum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"for the first time"},{"surface":"bello","lemma":"bellum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"war"},{"surface":"celerem","lemma":"celer","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"swift"},{"surface":"intendisse","lemma":"intendo","morphology":"verb, perfect infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to aim"},{"surface":"sagittam","lemma":"sagitta","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"arrow"}]},{"number":591,"label":"591","id":"b9-l591","source":"dicitur ante feras solitus terrere fugaces","translation":"he who had only ever been used to frighten running game,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l591.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"dicitur","lemma":"dico","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"is said"},{"surface":"ante","lemma":"ante","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"feras","lemma":"fera","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"wild beast"},{"surface":"solitus","lemma":"soleo","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"accustomed"},{"surface":"terrere","lemma":"terreo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to frighten"},{"surface":"fugaces","lemma":"fugax","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"running"}]},{"number":592,"label":"592","id":"b9-l592","source":"Ascanius fortemque manu fudisse Numanum,","translation":"and by his own hand laid brave Numanus low,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l592.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ascanius","lemma":"ascanius","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Ascanius"},{"surface":"fortemque","lemma":"fortis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"brave"},{"surface":"manu","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"fudisse","lemma":"fundo","morphology":"verb, perfect infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to have laid low"},{"surface":"Numanum","lemma":"numanus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Numanus"}]},{"number":593,"label":"593","id":"b9-l593","source":"cui Remulo cognomen erat, Turnique minorem","translation":"whose added name was Remulus, and who had lately taken","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l593.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"cui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"Remulo","lemma":"remulus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Remulus"},{"surface":"cognomen","lemma":"cognomen","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"surname"},{"surface":"erat","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"Turnique","lemma":"turnus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Turnus","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"minorem","lemma":"paruus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine, comparative","role":"modifier","gloss":"younger"}]},{"number":594,"label":"594","id":"b9-l594","source":"germanam nuper thalamo sociatus habebat.","translation":"Turnus' younger sister as a bride into his chamber.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l594.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"germanam","lemma":"germana","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"sister, own sister"},{"surface":"nuper","lemma":"nuper","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"lately"},{"surface":"thalamo","lemma":"thalamus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"into marriage-chamber"},{"surface":"sociatus","lemma":"socio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been united"},{"surface":"habebat","lemma":"habeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"had"}]},{"number":595,"label":"595","id":"b9-l595","source":"Is primam ante aciem digna atque indigna relatu","translation":"He walked out in front of the first rank, shouting things fit","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l595.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Is","lemma":"is","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"primam","lemma":"primus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"ante","lemma":"ante","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in front of"},{"surface":"aciem","lemma":"acies","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the rank"},{"surface":"digna","lemma":"dignus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"fit things"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"indigna","lemma":"indignus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"unfit things"},{"surface":"relatu","lemma":"refero","morphology":"supine, ablative","role":"adverbial","gloss":"to tell"}]},{"number":596,"label":"596","id":"b9-l596","source":"vociferans tumidusque novo praecordia regno","translation":"and unfit to repeat, swollen at heart with his new royalty,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l596.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"tumidus praecordia","title":"Accusative of respect","body":"Praecordia, 'the parts around the heart', stands in the accusative to say where a condition is located: tumidus praecordia, 'swollen as to the heart'. Latin borrows this construction from Greek, and Vergil favors it in his battle scenes."}],"words":[{"surface":"vociferans","lemma":"uociferor","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"shouting"},{"surface":"tumidusque","lemma":"tumidus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"and swollen"},{"surface":"novo","lemma":"nouus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"new"},{"surface":"praecordia","lemma":"praecordia","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"heart"},{"surface":"regno","lemma":"regnum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with royalty"}]},{"number":597,"label":"597","id":"b9-l597","source":"ibat et ingentem sese clamore ferebat:","translation":"and carried himself along, huge, on his own noise:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l597.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ibat","lemma":"eo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was going"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ingentem","lemma":"ingens","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"huge"},{"surface":"sese","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"clamore","lemma":"clamor","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with noise"},{"surface":"ferebat","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"carried"}]},{"number":598,"label":"598","id":"b9-l598","source":"“Non pudet obsidione iterum valloque teneri,","translation":"“Are you not ashamed to be penned again by a siege and a stockade,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l598.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"pudet","lemma":"pudeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"does it shame"},{"surface":"obsidione","lemma":"obsidio","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"siege"},{"surface":"iterum","lemma":"iterum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"valloque","lemma":"uallum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"and by a stockade"},{"surface":"teneri","lemma":"teneo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive passive","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to be held"}]},{"number":599,"label":"599","id":"b9-l599","source":"bis capti Phryges, et morti praetendere muros?","translation":"twice-taken Phrygians, and to hold walls out in front of death?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l599.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"bis capti Phryges","title":"Phrygian, as an insult","body":"Phryx, 'Phrygian', names a place but also carries scorn in Roman ears, as the byword for soft eastern luxury. Bis capti, 'twice captured', refers to Hercules taking Troy once and the Greeks taking it again, a historical fact Numanus uses as an insult."}],"words":[{"surface":"bis","lemma":"bis","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"twice"},{"surface":"capti","lemma":"capio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive vocative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been taken"},{"surface":"Phryges","lemma":"phryges","morphology":"noun, vocative plural masculine","role":"address","gloss":"Phryges"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"morti","lemma":"mors","morphology":"noun, dative singular feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"death"},{"surface":"praetendere","lemma":"praetendo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to hold out"},{"surface":"muros","lemma":"murus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"walls"}]},{"number":600,"label":"600","id":"b9-l600","source":"En qui nostra sibi bello conubia poscunt!","translation":"There they are: the men who demand our marriages of us by war!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"En","lemma":"en","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation","gloss":"look"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"nostra","lemma":"noster","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"our"},{"surface":"sibi","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, dative plural","role":"indirect object","gloss":"for themselves"},{"surface":"bello","lemma":"bellum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"war"},{"surface":"conubia","lemma":"conubium","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"marriages"},{"surface":"poscunt","lemma":"posco","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"demand"}]},{"number":601,"label":"601","id":"b9-l601","source":"Quis deus Italiam, quae vos dementia adegit","translation":"What god drove you to Italy? What madness drove you?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l601.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Quis","lemma":"quis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"deus","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"god"},{"surface":"Italiam","lemma":"italia","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"Italy"},{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"dementia","lemma":"dementia","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"madness"},{"surface":"adegit","lemma":"adigo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"drove to"}]},{"number":602,"label":"602","id":"b9-l602","source":"Non hic Atridae nec fandi fictor Ulixes:","translation":"There are no sons of Atreus here, no Ulysses to make up a speech.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l602.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"hic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"Atridae","lemma":"atrides","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"sons of Atreus"},{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"fandi","lemma":"for","morphology":"gerund, genitive","role":"possessive","gloss":"of speaking"},{"surface":"fictor","lemma":"fictor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"maker"},{"surface":"Ulixes","lemma":"ulixes","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Ulysses"}]},{"number":603,"label":"603","id":"b9-l603","source":"durum a stirpe genus natos ad flumina primum","translation":"We are a hard stock from the root: we carry our sons down to the rivers","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l603.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"durum","lemma":"durus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular neuter","role":"predicate","gloss":"hard"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"stirpe","lemma":"stirps","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"root"},{"surface":"genus","lemma":"genus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"stock"},{"surface":"natos","lemma":"natus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"sons"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"flumina","lemma":"flumen","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"rivers"},{"surface":"primum","lemma":"primum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at birth"}]},{"number":604,"label":"604","id":"b9-l604","source":"deferimus saevoque gelu duramus et undis,","translation":"at birth and toughen them in the cruel ice and the water,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l604.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"deferimus","lemma":"defero","morphology":"verb, 1st plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"carry"},{"surface":"saevoque","lemma":"saeuus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"and cruel"},{"surface":"gelu","lemma":"gelu","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in ice"},{"surface":"duramus","lemma":"duro","morphology":"verb, 1st plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"we toughen"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"undis","lemma":"unda","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in the water"}]},{"number":605,"label":"605","id":"b9-l605","source":"venatu invigilant pueri silvasque fatigant,","translation":"our boys go sleepless at the hunt and wear the woods out,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l605.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"venatu","lemma":"uenatus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"at the hunt"},{"surface":"invigilant","lemma":"inuigilo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"go sleepless"},{"surface":"pueri","lemma":"puer","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"boys"},{"surface":"silvasque","lemma":"silua","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"and the woods"},{"surface":"fatigant","lemma":"fatigo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"wear out"}]},{"number":606,"label":"606","id":"b9-l606","source":"flectere ludus equos et spicula tendere cornu.","translation":"their play is to wheel horses and draw arrows on a horn bow.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l606.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"flectere","lemma":"flecto","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to bend"},{"surface":"ludus","lemma":"ludus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"play"},{"surface":"equos","lemma":"equus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"horses"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"spicula","lemma":"spiculum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"arrows"},{"surface":"tendere","lemma":"tendo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to stretch"},{"surface":"cornu","lemma":"cornu","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"horn"}]},{"number":607,"label":"607","id":"b9-l607","source":"At patiens operum parvoque adsueta iuventus","translation":"Our young men, patient of work and used to little,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l607.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"At","lemma":"at","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"patiens","lemma":"patiens","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"patient"},{"surface":"operum","lemma":"opus","morphology":"noun, genitive plural neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"works"},{"surface":"parvoque","lemma":"paruus","morphology":"adjective, dative singular neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"and to little","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"adsueta","lemma":"assuesco","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been accustomed"},{"surface":"iuventus","lemma":"iuuentus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"youth"}]},{"number":608,"label":"608","id":"b9-l608","source":"aut rastris terram domat aut quatit oppida bello.","translation":"either break the earth with the mattock or shake towns with war.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l608.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"aut","lemma":"aut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"either"},{"surface":"rastris","lemma":"rastrum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"drag-hoes"},{"surface":"terram","lemma":"terra","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"earth"},{"surface":"domat","lemma":"domo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"breaks"},{"surface":"aut","lemma":"aut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"quatit","lemma":"quatio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"shakes"},{"surface":"oppida","lemma":"oppidum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"towns"},{"surface":"bello","lemma":"bellum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"war"}]},{"number":609,"label":"609","id":"b9-l609","source":"Omne aevum ferro teritur, versaque iuvencum","translation":"Our whole life is worn away with iron, and we tire the backs","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l609.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Omne","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"aevum","lemma":"aeuum","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"ferro","lemma":"ferrum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"iron"},{"surface":"teritur","lemma":"tero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"is worn away"},{"surface":"versaque","lemma":"uerto","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"reversed","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"iuvencum","lemma":"iuuencus","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of bullocks"}]},{"number":610,"label":"610","id":"b9-l610","source":"terga fatigamus hasta; nec tarda senectus","translation":"of our bullocks with a reversed spear; and slow old age","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l610.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"terga","lemma":"tergum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"backs"},{"surface":"fatigamus","lemma":"fatigo","morphology":"verb, 1st plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"we tire"},{"surface":"hasta","lemma":"hasta","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"spear"},{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"tarda","lemma":"tardus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"slow"},{"surface":"senectus","lemma":"senectus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"old age"}]},{"number":611,"label":"611","id":"b9-l611","source":"debilitat vires animi mutatque vigorem:","translation":"does not weaken the strength of our minds or change our vigor:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l611.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"debilitat","lemma":"debilito","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"weakens"},{"surface":"vires","lemma":"uis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"strength"},{"surface":"animi","lemma":"animus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"mind"},{"surface":"mutatque","lemma":"muto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"changes"},{"surface":"vigorem","lemma":"uigor","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"vigor"}]},{"number":612,"label":"612","id":"b9-l612","source":"canitiem galea premimus, semperque recentis","translation":"we press a helmet down on our grey hair, and it is always our joy","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l612.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"canitiem","lemma":"canities","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"grey hair"},{"surface":"galea","lemma":"galea","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"helmet"},{"surface":"premimus","lemma":"premo","morphology":"verb, 1st plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"press"},{"surface":"semperque","lemma":"semper","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"recentis","lemma":"recens","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"fresh"}]},{"number":613,"label":"613","id":"b9-l613","source":"comportare iuvat praedas et vivere rapto.","translation":"to carry in fresh plunder and to live off what we take.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l613.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"comportare","lemma":"comporto","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to carry"},{"surface":"iuvat","lemma":"iuuo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"it is a joy"},{"surface":"praedas","lemma":"praeda","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"plunder"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vivere","lemma":"uiuo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to live"},{"surface":"rapto","lemma":"rapio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"what is seized"}]},{"number":614,"label":"614","id":"b9-l614","source":"Vobis picta croco et fulgenti murice vestis,","translation":"You have clothes dyed with saffron and shining purple,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l614.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vobis","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"picta","lemma":"pingo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"dyed"},{"surface":"croco","lemma":"crocus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with saffron"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fulgenti","lemma":"fulgeo","morphology":"participle, present active ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"shining"},{"surface":"murice","lemma":"murex","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"purple dye"},{"surface":"vestis","lemma":"uestis","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"clothing"}]},{"number":615,"label":"615","id":"b9-l615","source":"desidiae cordi, iuvat indulgere choreis,","translation":"idleness is what you love, dancing is your delight,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l615.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"desidiae","lemma":"desidia","morphology":"noun, dative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"for idleness"},{"surface":"cordi","lemma":"cor","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"predicate","gloss":"heart"},{"surface":"iuvat","lemma":"iuuo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"it delights"},{"surface":"indulgere","lemma":"indulgeo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to indulge"},{"surface":"choreis","lemma":"chorea","morphology":"noun, dative plural feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"in dances"}]},{"number":616,"label":"616","id":"b9-l616","source":"et tunicae manicas et habent redimicula mitrae.","translation":"and your tunics have sleeves and your bonnets have ribbons.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l616.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tunicae","lemma":"tunica","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"tunics"},{"surface":"manicas","lemma":"manicae","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"sleeves"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"habent","lemma":"habeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"redimicula","lemma":"redimiculum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"ribbons"},{"surface":"mitrae","lemma":"mitra","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"bonnets"}]},{"number":617,"label":"617","id":"b9-l617","source":"O vere Phrygiae, neque enim Phryges, ite per alta","translation":"Truly Phrygian women, for Phrygian men you are not, go up","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l617.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"O","lemma":"o","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation","gloss":"oh"},{"surface":"vere","lemma":"uere","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"truly"},{"surface":"Phrygiae","lemma":"phrygius","morphology":"adjective, vocative plural feminine","role":"address","gloss":"Phrygian"},{"surface":"neque","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"for not","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"enim","lemma":"enim","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"Phryges","lemma":"phryges","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"Phryges"},{"surface":"ite","lemma":"eo","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"alta","lemma":"altus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"high"}]},{"number":618,"label":"618","id":"b9-l618","source":"Dindyma ubi adsuetis biforem dat tibia cantum!","translation":"over high Dindyma, where the pipe gives its two-toned song to ears that know it!","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l618.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dindyma","lemma":"dindyma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"Dindyma"},{"surface":"ubi","lemma":"ubi","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"adsuetis","lemma":"assuesco","morphology":"adjective, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to those accustomed"},{"surface":"biforem","lemma":"biforis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having two leaves"},{"surface":"dat","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"gives"},{"surface":"tibia","lemma":"tibia","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"pipe"},{"surface":"cantum","lemma":"cantus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"song"}]},{"number":619,"label":"619","id":"b9-l619","source":"Tympana vos buxusque vocat Berecyntia Matris","translation":"The drums are calling you, and the boxwood of the Berecyntian Mother","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l619.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tympana","lemma":"tympanum","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"drums"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"buxusque","lemma":"buxus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"boxwood"},{"surface":"vocat","lemma":"uoco","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"calls"},{"surface":"Berecyntia","lemma":"berecyntia","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Berecyntian"},{"surface":"Matris","lemma":"mater","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the Mother"}]},{"number":620,"label":"620","id":"b9-l620","source":"Idaeae sinite arma viris et cedite ferro.”","translation":"of Ida. Leave weapons to men, and give way before iron.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l620.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Idaeae","lemma":"idaeus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of Ida"},{"surface":"sinite","lemma":"sino","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"leave"},{"surface":"arma","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"weapons"},{"surface":"viris","lemma":"uir","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"cedite","lemma":"cedo","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"give way"},{"surface":"ferro","lemma":"ferrum","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"before iron"}]},{"number":621,"label":"621","id":"b9-l621","source":"Talia iactantem dictis ac dira canentem","translation":"Ascanius could not bear him throwing such things about","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l621.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Talia","lemma":"talis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"iactantem","lemma":"iacto","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"throwing"},{"surface":"dictis","lemma":"dictum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"ac","lemma":"ac","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dira","lemma":"dirus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"dread"},{"surface":"canentem","lemma":"cano","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"chanting"}]},{"number":622,"label":"622","id":"b9-l622","source":"non tulit Ascanius nervoque obversus equino","translation":"and chanting curses; he faced him, drew the string of horsehair,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l622.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"tulit","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"bore"},{"surface":"Ascanius","lemma":"ascanius","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Ascanius"},{"surface":"nervoque","lemma":"neruus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"and to the string","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"obversus","lemma":"obuerto","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been turned or direct towards"},{"surface":"equino","lemma":"equinus","morphology":"adjective, dative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of horsehair"}]},{"number":623,"label":"623","id":"b9-l623","source":"contendit telum diversaque bracchia ducens","translation":"stretched the shaft, and, pulling his arms apart,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l623.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"contendit","lemma":"contendo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"stretched"},{"surface":"telum","lemma":"telum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"shaft"},{"surface":"diversaque","lemma":"diuersus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"and apart"},{"surface":"bracchia","lemma":"bracchium","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"arms"},{"surface":"ducens","lemma":"duco","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"pulling"}]},{"number":624,"label":"624","id":"b9-l624","source":"constitit, ante Iovem supplex per vota precatus:","translation":"stood still, and first prayed to Jove as a suppliant with vows:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l624.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"constitit","lemma":"consisto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"stood still"},{"surface":"ante","lemma":"ante","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"Iovem","lemma":"iuppiter","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"Jove"},{"surface":"supplex","lemma":"supplex","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"as suppliant"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"vota","lemma":"uotum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"vows"},{"surface":"precatus","lemma":"precor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having prayed"}]},{"number":625,"label":"625","id":"b9-l625","source":"“Iuppiter omnipotens, audacibus adnue coeptis.","translation":"“Jupiter almighty, nod to a bold beginning.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l625.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Iuppiter","lemma":"iuppiter","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"Jupiter"},{"surface":"omnipotens","lemma":"omnipotens","morphology":"adjective, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"almighty"},{"surface":"audacibus","lemma":"audax","morphology":"adjective, dative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"bold"},{"surface":"adnue","lemma":"annuo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"nod assent to, grant"},{"surface":"coeptis","lemma":"coeptum","morphology":"noun, dative plural neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to the beginning"}]},{"number":626,"label":"626","id":"b9-l626","source":"Ipse tibi ad tua templa feram sollemnia dona","translation":"I will bring solemn gifts to your temples myself","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l626.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ipse","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"I myself"},{"surface":"tibi","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"tua","lemma":"tuus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"templa","lemma":"templum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"temples"},{"surface":"feram","lemma":"fero","morphology":"verb, 1st singular future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"I will bring"},{"surface":"sollemnia","lemma":"sollemnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"solemn"},{"surface":"dona","lemma":"donum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"gifts"}]},{"number":627,"label":"627","id":"b9-l627","source":"et statuam ante aras aurata fronte iuvencum","translation":"and set before your altars a bullock with gilded forehead,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l627.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"statuam","lemma":"statuo","morphology":"verb, 1st singular future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"I will set"},{"surface":"ante","lemma":"ante","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"aras","lemma":"ara","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"altars"},{"surface":"aurata","lemma":"auratus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"gilded"},{"surface":"fronte","lemma":"frons","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with forehead"},{"surface":"iuvencum","lemma":"iuuencus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"bullock"}]},{"number":628,"label":"628","id":"b9-l628","source":"candentem pariterque caput cum matre ferentem,","translation":"white, carrying his head as high as his mother's,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l628.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"candentem","lemma":"candeo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"pariterque","lemma":"pariter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"equally"},{"surface":"caput","lemma":"caput","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"matre","lemma":"mater","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"ferentem","lemma":"fero","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"carrying"}]},{"number":629,"label":"629","id":"b9-l629","source":"iam cornu petat et pedibus qui spargat harenam.”","translation":"one that already butts with the horn and scatters sand with his feet.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l629.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"iam","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"cornu","lemma":"cornu","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"horn"},{"surface":"petat","lemma":"peto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"butts"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"pedibus","lemma":"pes","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"feet"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"one that"},{"surface":"spargat","lemma":"spargo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"scatters"},{"surface":"harenam","lemma":"harena","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"sand"}]},{"number":630,"label":"630","id":"b9-l630","source":"Audiit et caeli Genitor de parte serena","translation":"The Father heard him, and from a clear quarter of the sky","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l630.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Audiit","lemma":"audio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"caeli","lemma":"caelum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"sky"},{"surface":"Genitor","lemma":"genitor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"down from"},{"surface":"parte","lemma":"pars","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"quarter"},{"surface":"serena","lemma":"serenus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"clear"}]},{"number":631,"label":"631","id":"b9-l631","source":"intonuit laevum, sonat una fatifer arcus:","translation":"thundered on the left; the death-bringing bow sounds with it:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l631.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"intonuit","lemma":"intono","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"thundered out"},{"surface":"laevum","lemma":"laeuus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"on the left"},{"surface":"sonat","lemma":"sono","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"sounds"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"una","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"together, together with"},{"surface":"fatifer","lemma":"fatifer","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"death-bringing"},{"surface":"arcus","lemma":"arcus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"bow"}]},{"number":632,"label":"632","id":"b9-l632","source":"effugit horrendum stridens adducta sagitta","translation":"the drawn arrow leaps away with a horrible whistling","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l632.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"effugit","lemma":"effugio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"leaps away"},{"surface":"horrendum","lemma":"horrendus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"horribly"},{"surface":"stridens","lemma":"strideo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"whistling"},{"surface":"adducta","lemma":"adduco","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"drawn"},{"surface":"sagitta","lemma":"sagitta","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"arrow"}]},{"number":633,"label":"633","id":"b9-l633","source":"perque caput Remuli venit et cava tempora ferro","translation":"and comes through Remulus' head, and the iron runs the hollow","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l633.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"perque","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"caput","lemma":"caput","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"Remuli","lemma":"remulus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Remulus"},{"surface":"venit","lemma":"uenio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"comes"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"cava","lemma":"cauus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"hollow"},{"surface":"tempora","lemma":"tempus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"temples"},{"surface":"ferro","lemma":"ferrum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"iron"}]},{"number":634,"label":"634","id":"b9-l634","source":"traicit. “I, verbis virtutem inlude superbis!","translation":"temples through. “Go, mock courage with proud words!","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l634.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"traicit","lemma":"traicio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"pierces through"},{"surface":"I","lemma":"eo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"verbis","lemma":"uerbum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"virtutem","lemma":"uirtus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"courage"},{"surface":"inlude","lemma":"illudo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"mock, deride"},{"surface":"superbis","lemma":"superbus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"proud"}]},{"number":635,"label":"635","id":"b9-l635","source":"Bis capti Phryges haec Rutulis responsa remittunt.”","translation":"This is the answer twice-taken Phrygians send back to the Rutulians.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l635.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"bis capti Phryges","title":"A doubtful word in the text","body":"The manuscripts here print his capti Phryges, which duplicates the nearby haec and makes poor sense; other witnesses read bis capti, 'twice captured'. That reading echoes Numanus' own words at line 599, and we translate it as the echo."}],"words":[{"surface":"Bis","lemma":"bis","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"twice"},{"surface":"capti","lemma":"capio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been taken"},{"surface":"Phryges","lemma":"phryges","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Phryges"},{"surface":"haec","lemma":"hic","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Rutulis","lemma":"rutulus","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"Rutulians"},{"surface":"responsa","lemma":"responsum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"answer"},{"surface":"remittunt","lemma":"remitto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"send back"}]},{"number":636,"label":"636","id":"b9-l636","source":"Hoc tantum Ascanius. Teucri clamore sequuntur","translation":"Only this from Ascanius. The Teucrians follow it with a shout","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l636.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hoc","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"tantum","lemma":"tantum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"Ascanius","lemma":"ascanius","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Ascanius"},{"surface":"Teucri","lemma":"teucer","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"the Teucrians"},{"surface":"clamore","lemma":"clamor","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"shout"},{"surface":"sequuntur","lemma":"sequor","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"follow"}]},{"number":637,"label":"637","id":"b9-l637","source":"laetitiaque fremunt animosque ad sidera tollunt.","translation":"and roar with joy and lift their spirits to the stars.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l637.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"laetitiaque","lemma":"laetitia","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"joy","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"fremunt","lemma":"fremo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"roar"},{"surface":"animosque","lemma":"animus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"and spirits"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"sidera","lemma":"sidus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"stars"},{"surface":"tollunt","lemma":"tollo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"lift"}]},{"number":638,"label":"638","id":"b9-l638","source":"Aetheria tum forte plaga crinitus Apollo","translation":"Just then, from a tract of the upper air, long-haired Apollo","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l638.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Aetheria","lemma":"aetherius","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of upper air"},{"surface":"tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"forte","lemma":"forte","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"by chance"},{"surface":"plaga","lemma":"plaga","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"from a tract"},{"surface":"crinitus","lemma":"crinitus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"long-haired"},{"surface":"Apollo","lemma":"apollo","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Apollo"}]},{"number":639,"label":"639","id":"b9-l639","source":"desuper Ausonias acies urbemque videbat,","translation":"was watching the Ausonian ranks and the town from above,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l639.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"desuper","lemma":"desuper","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"from above"},{"surface":"Ausonias","lemma":"ausonius","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Ausonian"},{"surface":"acies","lemma":"acies","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"ranks"},{"surface":"urbemque","lemma":"urbs","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"and the town"},{"surface":"videbat","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was watching"}]},{"number":640,"label":"640","id":"b9-l640","source":"nube sedens, atque his victorem adfatur Iulum:","translation":"sitting on a cloud, and he addresses Iulus in his victory:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l640.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"nube","lemma":"nubes","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"cloud"},{"surface":"sedens","lemma":"sedeo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"sitting"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"his","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"these words"},{"surface":"victorem","lemma":"uictor","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"in his victory"},{"surface":"adfatur","lemma":"affor","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"addresses"},{"surface":"Iulum","lemma":"iulus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Iulus"}]},{"number":641,"label":"641","id":"b9-l641","source":"“Macte nova virtute, puer: sic itur ad astra,","translation":"“Blessing on your new-found courage, boy: that is the way to the stars,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l641.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Macte","lemma":"mactus","morphology":"adjective, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"blessed"},{"surface":"nova","lemma":"nouus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"new"},{"surface":"virtute","lemma":"uirtus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"courage"},{"surface":"puer","lemma":"puer","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"sic","lemma":"sic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"itur","lemma":"eo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"one goes"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"astra","lemma":"astrum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the stars"}]},{"number":642,"label":"642","id":"b9-l642","source":"dis genite et geniture deos. Iure omnia bella","translation":"child of gods and father of gods to come. By right, all the wars","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l642.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"dis genite et geniture deos","title":"Born of gods, to father gods","body":"Genite and geniture are two participles from the same verb: genite is perfect passive, 'having been born', and geniture is future active, 'about to father'. Apollo addresses Ascanius with both in one phrase, naming his ancestry and his future together."}],"words":[{"surface":"dis","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"from gods"},{"surface":"genite","lemma":"gigno","morphology":"participle, perfect passive vocative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"begotten"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"geniture","lemma":"gigno","morphology":"participle, future active vocative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"about to beget"},{"surface":"deos","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"gods"},{"surface":"Iure","lemma":"ius","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by right"},{"surface":"omnia","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"bella","lemma":"bellum","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"wars"}]},{"number":643,"label":"643","id":"b9-l643","source":"gente sub Assaraci fato ventura resident,","translation":"that fate is bringing will settle at last under Assaracus' line,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l643.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"gente","lemma":"gens","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"sub","lemma":"sub","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"Assaraci","lemma":"assaracus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Assaracus"},{"surface":"fato","lemma":"fatum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"fate"},{"surface":"ventura","lemma":"uenio","morphology":"participle, future active nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"destined to come"},{"surface":"resident","lemma":"resideo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"will settle"}]},{"number":644,"label":"644","id":"b9-l644","source":"nec te Troia capit.” Simul haec effatus ab alto","translation":"and Troy is not big enough to hold you.” Saying this, at once","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l644.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"nec te Troia capit","title":"Troy is not big enough","body":"Capio means 'to hold' or 'to contain'. Nec te Troia capit, 'Troy does not contain you', says literally that the city is too small to hold Ascanius, using a physical verb for a statement about his future scope."}],"words":[{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"Troia","lemma":"troia","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Troy"},{"surface":"capit","lemma":"capio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"holds"},{"surface":"Simul","lemma":"simul","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"haec","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"effatus","lemma":"effor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having spoken"},{"surface":"ab","lemma":"ab","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"alto","lemma":"altus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"high"}]},{"number":645,"label":"645","id":"b9-l645","source":"aethere se misit, spirantis dimovet auras","translation":"he threw himself down out of the high air, parts the breathing winds","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l645.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"aethere","lemma":"aether","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"upper air"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"misit","lemma":"mitto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"threw"},{"surface":"spirantis","lemma":"spiro","morphology":"participle, present active accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"breathing"},{"surface":"dimovet","lemma":"dimoueo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"parts, pushes aside"},{"surface":"auras","lemma":"aura","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"winds"}]},{"number":646,"label":"646","id":"b9-l646","source":"Ascaniumque petit. Forma tum vertitur oris","translation":"and makes for Ascanius. Then the shape of his face is turned","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l646.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ascaniumque","lemma":"ascanius","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Ascanius","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"petit","lemma":"peto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"makes for"},{"surface":"Forma","lemma":"forma","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"shape"},{"surface":"tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"vertitur","lemma":"uerto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"turns"},{"surface":"oris","lemma":"os","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"of his face"}]},{"number":647,"label":"647","id":"b9-l647","source":"antiquum in Buten; hic Dardanio Anchisae","translation":"into old Butes; he had been armor-bearer once to Dardanian","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l647.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"antiquum","lemma":"antiquus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Buten","lemma":"butes","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"Butes"},{"surface":"hic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"Dardanio","lemma":"dardanius","morphology":"adjective, dative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Dardanian"},{"surface":"Anchisae","lemma":"anchises","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"Anchises"}]},{"number":648,"label":"648","id":"b9-l648","source":"armiger ante fuit fidusque ad limina custos,","translation":"Anchises and a faithful guard at his door,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l648.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"armiger","lemma":"armiger","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"armor-bearer"},{"surface":"ante","lemma":"ante","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"fuit","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"had been"},{"surface":"fidusque","lemma":"fidus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"and faithful"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"limina","lemma":"limen","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the threshold"},{"surface":"custos","lemma":"custos","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"guard"}]},{"number":649,"label":"649","id":"b9-l649","source":"tum comitem Ascanio pater addidit. Ibat Apollo","translation":"and then the father gave him to Ascanius as attendant. Apollo went","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l649.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"comitem","lemma":"comes","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"as companion"},{"surface":"Ascanio","lemma":"ascanius","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to Ascanius"},{"surface":"pater","lemma":"pater","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"addidit","lemma":"addo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"added"},{"surface":"Ibat","lemma":"eo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"Apollo","lemma":"apollo","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Apollo"}]},{"number":650,"label":"650","id":"b9-l650","source":"omnia longaevo similis, vocemque coloremque","translation":"like the old man in everything, in voice and complexion","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l650.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"omnia","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"longaevo","lemma":"longaeuus","morphology":"adjective, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to the aged man"},{"surface":"similis","lemma":"similis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"vocemque","lemma":"uox","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"voice"},{"surface":"coloremque","lemma":"color","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"and complexion"}]},{"number":651,"label":"651","id":"b9-l651","source":"et crinis albos et saeva sonoribus arma,","translation":"and white hair and weapons harsh with their clashing,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l651.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"crinis","lemma":"crinis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"hairs"},{"surface":"albos","lemma":"albus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"saeva","lemma":"saeuus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"harsh"},{"surface":"sonoribus","lemma":"sonor","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with clashing"},{"surface":"arma","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"weapons"}]},{"number":652,"label":"652","id":"b9-l652","source":"atque his ardentem dictis adfatur Iulum:","translation":"and speaks to burning Iulus in these words:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l652.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"his","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"ardentem","lemma":"ardeo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"burning"},{"surface":"dictis","lemma":"dictum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"adfatur","lemma":"affor","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"addresses"},{"surface":"Iulum","lemma":"iulus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Iulus"}]},{"number":653,"label":"653","id":"b9-l653","source":"“Sit satis, Aenide, telis impune Numanum","translation":"“Let it be enough, son of Aeneas, that Numanus went down","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l653.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sit","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"let it be"},{"surface":"satis","lemma":"satis","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"enough"},{"surface":"Aenide","lemma":"aenides","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"son of Aeneas"},{"surface":"telis","lemma":"telum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"weapons"},{"surface":"impune","lemma":"impune","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"unpunished"},{"surface":"Numanum","lemma":"numanus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Numanus"}]},{"number":654,"label":"654","id":"b9-l654","source":"oppetiisse tuis; primam hanc tibi magnus, Apollo","translation":"to your arrows and you were not made to pay; great Apollo grants you","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l654.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"oppetiisse","lemma":"oppeto","morphology":"verb, perfect infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to have met"},{"surface":"tuis","lemma":"tuus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"primam","lemma":"primus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"hanc","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"tibi","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"magnus","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"Apollo","lemma":"apollo","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Apollo"}]},{"number":655,"label":"655","id":"b9-l655","source":"concedit laudem et paribus non invidet armis:","translation":"this first glory and does not grudge a weapon the match of his own:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l655.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"concedit","lemma":"concedo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"grants"},{"surface":"laudem","lemma":"laus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"praise"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"paribus","lemma":"par","morphology":"adjective, dative plural neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"matching"},{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"invidet","lemma":"inuideo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"grudges"},{"surface":"armis","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, dative plural neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"weapons"}]},{"number":656,"label":"656","id":"b9-l656","source":"cetera parce, puer, bello.” Sic orsus Apollo","translation":"for the rest, boy, keep out of the war.” So Apollo began,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l656.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"cetera","lemma":"ceterus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"the rest"},{"surface":"parce","lemma":"parco","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"refrain"},{"surface":"puer","lemma":"puer","morphology":"noun, vocative singular masculine","role":"address","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"bello","lemma":"bellum","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"war"},{"surface":"Sic","lemma":"sic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"orsus","lemma":"ordior","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having begun"},{"surface":"Apollo","lemma":"apollo","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Apollo"}]},{"number":657,"label":"657","id":"b9-l657","source":"mortalis medio aspectus sermone reliquit","translation":"and in the middle of his speech he left the sight of mortals","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l657.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"mortalis","lemma":"mortalis","morphology":"adjective, genitive plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of mortals"},{"surface":"medio","lemma":"medius","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"middle"},{"surface":"aspectus","lemma":"aspectus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"sight"},{"surface":"sermone","lemma":"sermo","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"his speech"},{"surface":"reliquit","lemma":"relinquo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"left behind"}]},{"number":658,"label":"658","id":"b9-l658","source":"et procul in tenuem ex oculis evanuit auram.","translation":"and far off vanished out of their eyes into thin air.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l658.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"procul","lemma":"procul","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"far off"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"tenuem","lemma":"tenuis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"thin"},{"surface":"ex","lemma":"ex","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"oculis","lemma":"oculus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"evanuit","lemma":"euanesco","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"vanished"},{"surface":"auram","lemma":"aura","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"air"}]},{"number":659,"label":"659","id":"b9-l659","source":"Agnovere deum proceres divinaque tela","translation":"The chief men knew the god and knew the divine weapons,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l659.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Agnovere","lemma":"agnosco","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"recognized"},{"surface":"deum","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"god"},{"surface":"proceres","lemma":"procer","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"nobles, chiefs"},{"surface":"divinaque","lemma":"diuinus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"and divine"},{"surface":"tela","lemma":"telum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"weapons"}]},{"number":660,"label":"660","id":"b9-l660","source":"Dardanidae pharetramque fuga sensere sonantem.","translation":"and the sons of Dardanus heard the quiver ringing as he went.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l660.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dardanidae","lemma":"dardanidae","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"sons of Dardanus"},{"surface":"pharetramque","lemma":"pharetra","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"quiver"},{"surface":"fuga","lemma":"fuga","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in his flight"},{"surface":"sensere","lemma":"sentio","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"sonantem","lemma":"sono","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"ringing"}]},{"number":661,"label":"661","id":"b9-l661","source":"Ergo avidum pugnae dictis ac numine Phoebi","translation":"So by the words and the will of Phoebus they hold Ascanius back,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l661.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ergo","lemma":"ergo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"avidum","lemma":"auidus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"hungry"},{"surface":"pugnae","lemma":"pugna","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"for the fight"},{"surface":"dictis","lemma":"dictum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"ac","lemma":"ac","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"numine","lemma":"numen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by the will"},{"surface":"Phoebi","lemma":"phoebus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Phoebus"}]},{"number":662,"label":"662","id":"b9-l662","source":"Ascanium prohibent, ipsi in certamina rursus","translation":"hungry as he is for the fight; they themselves go down again","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l662.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ascanium","lemma":"ascanius","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Ascanius"},{"surface":"prohibent","lemma":"prohibeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"hold back"},{"surface":"ipsi","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"certamina","lemma":"certamen","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the struggle"},{"surface":"rursus","lemma":"rursus","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"again"}]},{"number":663,"label":"663","id":"b9-l663","source":"succedunt animasque in aperta pericula mittunt.","translation":"into the struggle and send their lives into open danger.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l663.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"succedunt","lemma":"succedo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"go down"},{"surface":"animasque","lemma":"anima","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"and lives"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"aperta","lemma":"apertus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"open"},{"surface":"pericula","lemma":"periculum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"danger"},{"surface":"mittunt","lemma":"mitto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"send"}]},{"number":664,"label":"664","id":"b9-l664","source":"It clamor totis per propugnacula muris,","translation":"The shout runs along the breastworks the whole length of the walls,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l664.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"It","lemma":"eo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"runs"},{"surface":"clamor","lemma":"clamor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"shout"},{"surface":"totis","lemma":"totus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"along"},{"surface":"propugnacula","lemma":"propugnaculum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"breastworks"},{"surface":"muris","lemma":"murus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"walls"}]},{"number":665,"label":"665","id":"b9-l665","source":"intendunt acris arcus amentaque torquent.","translation":"they bend their keen bows and whirl the throwing-thongs.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l665.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"intendunt","lemma":"intendo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"bend"},{"surface":"acris","lemma":"acer","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"keen"},{"surface":"arcus","lemma":"arcus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"bows"},{"surface":"amentaque","lemma":"amentum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"and throwing-thongs"},{"surface":"torquent","lemma":"torqueo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"whirl"}]},{"number":666,"label":"666","id":"b9-l666","source":"Sternitur omne solum telis, tum scuta cavaeque","translation":"The whole ground is strewn with weapons; then shields and hollow","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l666.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sternitur","lemma":"sterno","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"is strewn"},{"surface":"omne","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"solum","lemma":"solum","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"ground"},{"surface":"telis","lemma":"telum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"weapons"},{"surface":"tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"scuta","lemma":"scutum","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"shields"},{"surface":"cavaeque","lemma":"cauus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"hollow"}]},{"number":667,"label":"667","id":"b9-l667","source":"dant sonitum flictu galeae, pugna aspera surgit:","translation":"helmets ring under the battering, and a harsh fight rises:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l667.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"dant","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"give"},{"surface":"sonitum","lemma":"sonitus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"sound"},{"surface":"flictu","lemma":"flictus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with clashing"},{"surface":"galeae","lemma":"galea","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"helmet"},{"surface":"pugna","lemma":"pugna","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"fight"},{"surface":"aspera","lemma":"asper","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"harsh"},{"surface":"surgit","lemma":"surgo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"rises"}]},{"number":668,"label":"668","id":"b9-l668","source":"quantus ab occasu veniens pluvialibus Haedis","translation":"as heavy as the rain that comes out of the west when the Kids bring","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l668.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quantus","lemma":"quantus","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"as great as"},{"surface":"ab","lemma":"ab","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"occasu","lemma":"occasus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the west"},{"surface":"veniens","lemma":"uenio","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"coming"},{"surface":"pluvialibus","lemma":"pluuialis","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"rainy"},{"surface":"Haedis","lemma":"haedus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"the Kids"}]},{"number":669,"label":"669","id":"b9-l669","source":"verberat imber humum, quam multa grandine nimbi","translation":"wet weather and it lashes the ground, as thick as the hail","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l669.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"verberat","lemma":"uerbero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"lashes"},{"surface":"imber","lemma":"imber","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"rain"},{"surface":"humum","lemma":"humus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"ground"},{"surface":"quam","lemma":"quam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"multa","lemma":"multus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"grandine","lemma":"grando","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with hail"},{"surface":"nimbi","lemma":"nimbus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"storm cloud"}]},{"number":670,"label":"670","id":"b9-l670","source":"in vada praecipitant, cum Iuppiter horridus austris","translation":"the storm-clouds hurl into the shallows, when Jupiter, bristling","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l670.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"vada","lemma":"uadum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the shallows"},{"surface":"praecipitant","lemma":"praecipito","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"hurl"},{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"Iuppiter","lemma":"iuppiter","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Jupiter"},{"surface":"horridus","lemma":"horridus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"bristling"},{"surface":"austris","lemma":"auster","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with south winds"}]},{"number":671,"label":"671","id":"b9-l671","source":"torquet aquosam hiemem et caelo cava nubila rumpit.","translation":"with south winds, twists up a watery tempest and bursts the hollow clouds.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l671.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"torquet","lemma":"torqueo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"twists"},{"surface":"aquosam","lemma":"aquosus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"watery"},{"surface":"hiemem","lemma":"hiems","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"tempest"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"caelo","lemma":"caelum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"place","gloss":"in the sky"},{"surface":"cava","lemma":"cauus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"hollow"},{"surface":"nubila","lemma":"nubilum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"clouds"},{"surface":"rumpit","lemma":"rumpo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"bursts"}]},{"number":672,"label":"672","id":"b9-l672","source":"Pandarus et Bitias, Idaeo Alcanore creti,","translation":"Pandarus and Bitias, sprung from Alcanor of Ida,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l672.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pandarus","lemma":"pandarus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Pandarus"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Bitias","lemma":"bitias","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Bitias"},{"surface":"Idaeo","lemma":"idaeus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Idaean, of Ida"},{"surface":"Alcanore","lemma":"alcanor","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"Alcanor"},{"surface":"creti","lemma":"cresco","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"sprung"}]},{"number":673,"label":"673","id":"b9-l673","source":"quos Iovis eduxit luco silvestris Iaera","translation":"whom Iaera of the woods raised in the grove of Jupiter,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l673.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quos","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"Iovis","lemma":"iuppiter","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Jupiter"},{"surface":"eduxit","lemma":"educo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"raised"},{"surface":"luco","lemma":"lucus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"place","gloss":"in the grove"},{"surface":"silvestris","lemma":"siluestris","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"wooded, covered with woods"},{"surface":"Iaera","lemma":"iaera","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Iaera"}]},{"number":674,"label":"674","id":"b9-l674","source":"abietibus iuvenes patriis et montibus aequos,","translation":"young men matched with their native firs and their mountains,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l674.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"abietibus","lemma":"abies","morphology":"noun, dative plural feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to firs"},{"surface":"iuvenes","lemma":"iuuenis","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"young men"},{"surface":"patriis","lemma":"patrius","morphology":"adjective, dative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"native"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"montibus","lemma":"mons","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to mountains"},{"surface":"aequos","lemma":"aequus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"matched"}]},{"number":675,"label":"675","id":"b9-l675","source":"portam, quae ducis imperio commissa, recludunt,","translation":"throw open the gate their commander's order had entrusted to them,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l675.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"portam","lemma":"porta","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"gate"},{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"ducis","lemma":"dux","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"commander's"},{"surface":"imperio","lemma":"imperium","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to the order"},{"surface":"commissa","lemma":"committo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"entrusted"},{"surface":"recludunt","lemma":"recludo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"open"}]},{"number":676,"label":"676","id":"b9-l676","source":"freti animis, ultroque invitant moenibus hostem.","translation":"trusting their own courage, and invite the enemy inside the walls.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l676.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"freti","lemma":"fretus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"trusting"},{"surface":"animis","lemma":"animus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in their courage"},{"surface":"ultroque","lemma":"ultro","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"besides, moreover"},{"surface":"invitant","lemma":"inuito","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"invite"},{"surface":"moenibus","lemma":"moenia","morphology":"noun, dative plural neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"walls"},{"surface":"hostem","lemma":"hostis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"enemy"}]},{"number":677,"label":"677","id":"b9-l677","source":"Ipsi intus dextra ac laeva pro turribus adstant,","translation":"They themselves stand within, right and left, in front of the towers,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l677.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ipsi","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"pronoun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"intus","lemma":"intus","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"within"},{"surface":"dextra","lemma":"dexter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"on the right"},{"surface":"ac","lemma":"ac","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"laeva","lemma":"laeuus","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"on the left"},{"surface":"pro","lemma":"pro","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in front of"},{"surface":"turribus","lemma":"turris","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"towers"},{"surface":"adstant","lemma":"adsto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"stand"}]},{"number":678,"label":"678","id":"b9-l678","source":"armati ferro et cristis capita alta corusci:","translation":"armed with iron and flashing at their high heads with crests:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l678.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"armati","lemma":"armo","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"armed"},{"surface":"ferro","lemma":"ferrum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"iron"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"cristis","lemma":"crista","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"crests"},{"surface":"capita","lemma":"caput","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"heads"},{"surface":"alta","lemma":"altus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"high"},{"surface":"corusci","lemma":"coruscus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"flashing"}]},{"number":679,"label":"679","id":"b9-l679","source":"quales aëriae liquentia flumina circum,","translation":"as, high in the air about the flowing rivers,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l679.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"quales","lemma":"qualis","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"aëriae","lemma":"aerius","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"airborne, of the air"},{"surface":"liquentia","lemma":"liqueo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"flowing"},{"surface":"flumina","lemma":"flumen","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"rivers"},{"surface":"circum","lemma":"circum","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"about"}]},{"number":680,"label":"680","id":"b9-l680","source":"sive Padi ripis Athesim seu propter amoenum,","translation":"whether on the banks of the Po or beside the pleasant Athesis,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l680.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sive","lemma":"siue","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"Padi","lemma":"padus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the Po"},{"surface":"ripis","lemma":"ripa","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"place","gloss":"on the banks"},{"surface":"Athesim","lemma":"athesis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the Athesis"},{"surface":"seu","lemma":"seu","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"propter","lemma":"propter","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"beside"},{"surface":"amoenum","lemma":"amoenus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"pleasant"}]},{"number":681,"label":"681","id":"b9-l681","source":"consurgunt geminae quercus intonsaque caelo","translation":"twin oaks rise together and lift their unshorn heads","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l681.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"consurgunt","lemma":"consurgo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"rise"},{"surface":"geminae","lemma":"geminus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"twin"},{"surface":"quercus","lemma":"quercus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"oaks"},{"surface":"intonsaque","lemma":"intonsus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"and unshorn"},{"surface":"caelo","lemma":"caelum","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"sky"}]},{"number":682,"label":"682","id":"b9-l682","source":"attollunt capita et sublimi vertice nutant.","translation":"to the sky and nod at their lofty crowns.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l682.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"attollunt","lemma":"attollo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"lift up"},{"surface":"capita","lemma":"caput","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"heads"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sublimi","lemma":"sublimis","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"lofty"},{"surface":"vertice","lemma":"uertex","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"crown, top"},{"surface":"nutant","lemma":"nuto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"nod"}]},{"number":683,"label":"683","id":"b9-l683","source":"inrumpunt aditus Rutuli ut videre patentis","translation":"The Rutulians burst into the entrance as soon as they saw it open,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l683.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"inrumpunt","lemma":"irrumpo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"burst into"},{"surface":"aditus","lemma":"aditus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"entrance"},{"surface":"Rutuli","lemma":"rutulus","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Rutulians"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"videre","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"saw"},{"surface":"patentis","lemma":"pateo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"standing open"}]},{"number":684,"label":"684","id":"b9-l684","source":"continuo Quercens et pulcher Aquiculus armis","translation":"at once Quercens, and Aquiculus handsome in his armor,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l684.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"continuo","lemma":"continuo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"Quercens","lemma":"quercens","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Quercens"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"pulcher","lemma":"pulcher","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"handsome"},{"surface":"Aquiculus","lemma":"aquiculus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Aquiculus"},{"surface":"armis","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in his armor"}]},{"number":685,"label":"685","id":"b9-l685","source":"et praeceps animi Tmarus et Mavortius Haemon","translation":"and headlong-hearted Tmarus and Haemon of Mars,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l685.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"praeceps","lemma":"praeceps","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"headlong"},{"surface":"animi","lemma":"animus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"in heart"},{"surface":"Tmarus","lemma":"tmarus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Tmarus"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Mavortius","lemma":"mauortius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of Mars"},{"surface":"Haemon","lemma":"haemon","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Haemon"}]},{"number":686,"label":"686","id":"b9-l686","source":"agminibus totis: at versi terga dedere","translation":"with all their columns: but they were turned and gave their backs,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l686.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"agminibus","lemma":"agmen","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"column of troops"},{"surface":"totis","lemma":"totus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"versi","lemma":"uerto","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having turned"},{"surface":"terga","lemma":"tergum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"backs"},{"surface":"dedere","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"gave"}]},{"number":687,"label":"687","id":"b9-l687","source":"aut ipso portae posuere in limine vitam.","translation":"or laid their lives down on the very threshold of the gate.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l687.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"aut","lemma":"aut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"ipso","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"portae","lemma":"porta","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the gate"},{"surface":"posuere","lemma":"pono","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"laid down"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"limine","lemma":"limen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"threshold"},{"surface":"vitam","lemma":"uita","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"life"}]},{"number":688,"label":"688","id":"b9-l688","source":"Tum magis increscunt animis discordibus irae;","translation":"Then the angers swell higher in hearts set against each other;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l688.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"magis","lemma":"magis","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"increscunt","lemma":"incresco","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"swell"},{"surface":"animis","lemma":"animus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in hearts"},{"surface":"discordibus","lemma":"discors","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"set against each other"},{"surface":"irae","lemma":"ira","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"angers"}]},{"number":689,"label":"689","id":"b9-l689","source":"et iam collecti Troes glomerantur eodem","translation":"and now the Trojans, drawn together, ball up at the one place","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l689.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"iam","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"collecti","lemma":"colligo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"drawn together"},{"surface":"Troes","lemma":"troes","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"the Trojans"},{"surface":"glomerantur","lemma":"glomero","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"ball up"},{"surface":"eodem","lemma":"eodem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"to the same place"}]},{"number":690,"label":"690","id":"b9-l690","source":"et conferre manum et procurrere longius audent.","translation":"and dare to close hand to hand and to run out further.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l690.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"conferre","lemma":"confero","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to close"},{"surface":"manum","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"procurrere","lemma":"procurro","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to run out ahead"},{"surface":"longius","lemma":"longe","morphology":"adverb, comparative","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"further"},{"surface":"audent","lemma":"audeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"dare"}]},{"number":691,"label":"691","id":"b9-l691","source":"Ductori Turno diversa in parte furenti","translation":"Word is brought to the commander Turnus, raging in another quarter","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l691.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ductori","lemma":"ductor","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"commander"},{"surface":"Turno","lemma":"turnus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"Turnus"},{"surface":"diversa","lemma":"diuersus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"another"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"parte","lemma":"pars","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"quarter"},{"surface":"furenti","lemma":"furo","morphology":"participle, present active dative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"raging"}]},{"number":692,"label":"692","id":"b9-l692","source":"turbantique viros perfertur nuntius, hostem","translation":"and throwing men into confusion, that the enemy is hot","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l692.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"turbantique","lemma":"turbo","morphology":"participle, present active dative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"and throwing into confusion"},{"surface":"viros","lemma":"uir","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"perfertur","lemma":"perfero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"is brought"},{"surface":"nuntius","lemma":"nuntius","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"word"},{"surface":"hostem","lemma":"hostis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"enemy"}]},{"number":693,"label":"693","id":"b9-l693","source":"fervere caede nova et portas praebere patentis.","translation":"with fresh killing and is offering his gates standing open.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l693.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"fervere","lemma":"ferueo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to be hot"},{"surface":"caede","lemma":"caedes","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with killing"},{"surface":"nova","lemma":"nouus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"fresh"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"portas","lemma":"porta","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"gates"},{"surface":"praebere","lemma":"praebeo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"is offering"},{"surface":"patentis","lemma":"pateo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"open"}]},{"number":694,"label":"694","id":"b9-l694","source":"Deserit inceptum atque immani concitus ira","translation":"He drops what he had begun and, driven by a monstrous anger,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l694.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Deserit","lemma":"desero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"drops"},{"surface":"inceptum","lemma":"inceptum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"what he had begun"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"immani","lemma":"immanis","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"monstrous"},{"surface":"concitus","lemma":"concieo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"driven"},{"surface":"ira","lemma":"ira","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"anger"}]},{"number":695,"label":"695","id":"b9-l695","source":"Dardaniam ruit ad portam fratresque superbos.","translation":"rushes for the Dardanian gate and the arrogant brothers.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l695.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dardaniam","lemma":"dardanius","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Dardanian"},{"surface":"ruit","lemma":"ruo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"rushes"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"portam","lemma":"porta","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"gate"},{"surface":"fratresque","lemma":"frater","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"and the brothers"},{"surface":"superbos","lemma":"superbus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"arrogant"}]},{"number":696,"label":"696","id":"b9-l696","source":"Et primum Antiphaten, is enim se primus agebat,","translation":"And first he lays out Antiphates, he was pushing to the front,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l696.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"primum","lemma":"primum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"Antiphaten","lemma":"antiphates","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Antiphates"},{"surface":"is","lemma":"is","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"enim","lemma":"enim","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"primus","lemma":"primus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"to the front"},{"surface":"agebat","lemma":"ago","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was pushing"}]},{"number":697,"label":"697","id":"b9-l697","source":"Thebana de matre nothum Sarpedonis alti,","translation":"the bastard son of tall Sarpedon by a Theban mother,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l697.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Thebana","lemma":"thebanus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Theban"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"matre","lemma":"mater","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"nothum","lemma":"nothus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"bastard son"},{"surface":"Sarpedonis","lemma":"sarpedon","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Sarpedon"},{"surface":"alti","lemma":"altus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"tall"}]},{"number":698,"label":"698","id":"b9-l698","source":"coniecto sternit iaculo; volat Itala cornus","translation":"with a thrown javelin; the Italian cornel-wood flies","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l698.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"coniecto","lemma":"conicio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"having thrown"},{"surface":"sternit","lemma":"sterno","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"lays low"},{"surface":"iaculo","lemma":"iaculum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"javelin"},{"surface":"volat","lemma":"uolo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"flies"},{"surface":"Itala","lemma":"italus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Italian"},{"surface":"cornus","lemma":"cornus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"cornel-wood spear"}]},{"number":699,"label":"699","id":"b9-l699","source":"aëra per tenerum stomachoque infixa sub altum","translation":"through the soft air, and fixed in his gullet goes down","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l699.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"aëra","lemma":"aer","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"air"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"tenerum","lemma":"tener","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"soft"},{"surface":"stomachoque","lemma":"stomachus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"and in his gullet"},{"surface":"infixa","lemma":"infigo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"fixed"},{"surface":"sub","lemma":"sub","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"altum","lemma":"altus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"deep"}]},{"number":700,"label":"700","id":"b9-l700","source":"pectus abit: reddit specus atri volneris undam","translation":"under the deep chest: the cave of the black wound gives back","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l700.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"pectus","lemma":"pectus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"chest"},{"surface":"abit","lemma":"abeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"goes, passes"},{"surface":"reddit","lemma":"reddo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"gives back"},{"surface":"specus","lemma":"specus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"cave"},{"surface":"atri","lemma":"ater","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"black"},{"surface":"volneris","lemma":"uolnus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the wound"},{"surface":"undam","lemma":"unda","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"wave"}]},{"number":701,"label":"701","id":"b9-l701","source":"spumantem, et fixo ferrum in pulmone tepescit.","translation":"a foaming wave, and the iron warms in the pierced lung.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l701.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"spumantem","lemma":"spumo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"foaming"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fixo","lemma":"figo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"pierced"},{"surface":"ferrum","lemma":"ferrum","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"iron"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"pulmone","lemma":"pulmo","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"lung"},{"surface":"tepescit","lemma":"tepesco","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"grows warm"}]},{"number":702,"label":"702","id":"b9-l702","source":"Tum Meropem atque Erymanta manu, tum sternit Aphidnum,","translation":"Then Merops and Erymas by hand, then he lays out Aphidnus,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l702.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"Meropem","lemma":"merops","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Merops"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Erymanta","lemma":"erymas","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Erymas"},{"surface":"manu","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"sternit","lemma":"sterno","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"lays low"},{"surface":"Aphidnum","lemma":"aphidnus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Aphidnus"}]},{"number":703,"label":"703","id":"b9-l703","source":"tum Bitian ardentem oculis animisque frementem","translation":"then Bitias, blazing in the eyes and roaring in his spirit,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l703.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"Bitian","lemma":"bitias","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Bitias"},{"surface":"ardentem","lemma":"ardeo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"blazing"},{"surface":"oculis","lemma":"oculus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"animisque","lemma":"animus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"and in spirit"},{"surface":"frementem","lemma":"fremo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"roaring"}]},{"number":704,"label":"704","id":"b9-l704","source":"non iaculo, neque enim iaculo vitam ille dedisset,","translation":"not by a javelin, for he would never have given up his life to a javelin,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l704.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"iaculo","lemma":"iaculum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"javelin"},{"surface":"neque","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"for not"},{"surface":"enim","lemma":"enim","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"iaculo","lemma":"iaculum","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to a javelin"},{"surface":"vitam","lemma":"uita","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"ille","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"dedisset","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect subjunctive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"would have given"}]},{"number":705,"label":"705","id":"b9-l705","source":"sed magnum stridens contorta phalarica venit,","translation":"but a whistling pike came, hurled hard,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l705.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"phalarica","title":"A heavy siege weapon","body":"A phalarica is a heavy pike used in siege warfare, sometimes wrapped with burning tow, and thrown from walls or engines rather than by hand. It is a different, heavier class of weapon than an ordinary javelin."}],"words":[{"surface":"sed","lemma":"sed","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"magnum","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"stridens","lemma":"strideo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"whistling"},{"surface":"contorta","lemma":"contorqueo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"hurled hard"},{"surface":"phalarica","lemma":"phalarica","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"pike"},{"surface":"venit","lemma":"uenio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"came"}]},{"number":706,"label":"706","id":"b9-l706","source":"fulminis acta modo, quam nec duo taurea terga","translation":"driven like a thunderbolt, which neither two bull's hides","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l706.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"fulminis","lemma":"fulmen","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"of a thunderbolt"},{"surface":"acta","lemma":"ago","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"driven"},{"surface":"modo","lemma":"modo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"only just"},{"surface":"quam","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"neither"},{"surface":"duo","lemma":"duo","morphology":"numeral, nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"taurea","lemma":"taureus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"bull's"},{"surface":"terga","lemma":"tergum","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"hides"}]},{"number":707,"label":"707","id":"b9-l707","source":"nec duplici squama lorica fidelis et auro","translation":"nor the trusty corselet with its double scale of gold","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l707.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"duplici","lemma":"duplex","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"double"},{"surface":"squama","lemma":"squama","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"scale"},{"surface":"lorica","lemma":"lorica","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"corselet"},{"surface":"fidelis","lemma":"fidelis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"trusty"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"auro","lemma":"aurum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with gold"}]},{"number":708,"label":"708","id":"b9-l708","source":"sustinuit: conlapsa ruunt immania membra.","translation":"could hold off: the monstrous limbs give way and go down.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l708.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sustinuit","lemma":"sustineo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"could hold off"},{"surface":"conlapsa","lemma":"collabor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"having given way"},{"surface":"ruunt","lemma":"ruo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"go down"},{"surface":"immania","lemma":"immanis","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"monstrous"},{"surface":"membra","lemma":"membrum","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"limbs"}]},{"number":709,"label":"709","id":"b9-l709","source":"Dat tellus gemitum, et clipeum super intonat ingens.","translation":"The earth groans, and the huge shield thunders on top of him.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l709.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dat","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"gives"},{"surface":"tellus","lemma":"tellus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"earth"},{"surface":"gemitum","lemma":"gemitus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"groan"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"clipeum","lemma":"clipeus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"shield"},{"surface":"super","lemma":"super","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"on top of him"},{"surface":"intonat","lemma":"intono","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"thunders out"},{"surface":"ingens","lemma":"ingens","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"huge"}]},{"number":710,"label":"710","id":"b9-l710","source":"Talis in Euboico Baiarum litore quondam","translation":"So on the Euboean shore at Baiae a pier of stone","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l710.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Talis","lemma":"talis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"Euboico","lemma":"euboicus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"Euboean"},{"surface":"Baiarum","lemma":"baiae","morphology":"noun, genitive plural feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Baiae"},{"surface":"litore","lemma":"litus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"shore"},{"surface":"quondam","lemma":"quondam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"sometimes"}]},{"number":711,"label":"711","id":"b9-l711","source":"saxea pila cadit, magnis quam molibus ante","translation":"falls sometimes, which they build first out of great blocks","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l711.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"saxea","lemma":"saxeus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"of stone"},{"surface":"pila","lemma":"pila","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"pier"},{"surface":"cadit","lemma":"cado","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"falls"},{"surface":"magnis","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"quam","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"molibus","lemma":"moles","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"out of blocks"},{"surface":"ante","lemma":"ante","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"first"}]},{"number":712,"label":"712","id":"b9-l712","source":"constructam ponto iaciunt; sic illa ruinam","translation":"and then cast into the sea; so it drags its wreck down","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l712.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"constructam","lemma":"construo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"built"},{"surface":"ponto","lemma":"pontus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"into the sea"},{"surface":"iaciunt","lemma":"iacio","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"cast"},{"surface":"sic","lemma":"sic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"illa","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"ruinam","lemma":"ruina","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"wreck"}]},{"number":713,"label":"713","id":"b9-l713","source":"prona trahit penitusque vadis inlisa recumbit:","translation":"headlong and, smashed into the shallows, settles deep:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l713.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"prona","lemma":"pronus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"headlong"},{"surface":"trahit","lemma":"traho","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"drags"},{"surface":"penitusque","lemma":"penitus","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"and deep within"},{"surface":"vadis","lemma":"uadum","morphology":"noun, dative plural neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"into the shallows"},{"surface":"inlisa","lemma":"illido","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"smashed"},{"surface":"recumbit","lemma":"recumbo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"settles"}]},{"number":714,"label":"714","id":"b9-l714","source":"miscent se maria, et nigrae attolluntur harenae;","translation":"the waters churn together and the black sand is lifted;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l714.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"miscent","lemma":"misceo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"churn"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"maria","lemma":"mare","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"waters"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"nigrae","lemma":"niger","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"black"},{"surface":"attolluntur","lemma":"attollo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"are lifted up"},{"surface":"harenae","lemma":"harena","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"sand"}]},{"number":715,"label":"715","id":"b9-l715","source":"tum sonitu Prochyta alta tremit durumque cubile","translation":"then high Prochyta shakes at the noise, and the hard bed","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l715.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"sonitu","lemma":"sonitus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"at the noise"},{"surface":"Prochyta","lemma":"prochyta","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Prochyta"},{"surface":"alta","lemma":"altus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"high"},{"surface":"tremit","lemma":"tremo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"shakes"},{"surface":"durumque","lemma":"durus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"and hard"},{"surface":"cubile","lemma":"cubile","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"bed"}]},{"number":716,"label":"716","id":"b9-l716","source":"Inarime Iovis imperiis imposta Typhoeo.","translation":"of Inarime, laid on Typhoeus by Jove's orders.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l716.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Inarime","lemma":"inarime","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Inarime"},{"surface":"Iovis","lemma":"iuppiter","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Jove's"},{"surface":"imperiis","lemma":"imperium","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by orders"},{"surface":"imposta","lemma":"impono","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"laid"},{"surface":"Typhoeo","lemma":"typhoeus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"on Typhoeus"}]},{"number":717,"label":"717","id":"b9-l717","source":"Hic Mars armipotens animum viresque Latinis","translation":"Here Mars, mighty in arms, added spirit and strength","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l717.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"Mars","lemma":"mars","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Mars"},{"surface":"armipotens","lemma":"armipotens","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"mighty in arms"},{"surface":"animum","lemma":"animus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"spirit"},{"surface":"viresque","lemma":"uis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"and strength"},{"surface":"Latinis","lemma":"latinus","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"Latins"}]},{"number":718,"label":"718","id":"b9-l718","source":"addidit et stimulos acris sub pectore vertit","translation":"to the Latins and turned keen goads under their breasts,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l718.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"addidit","lemma":"addo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"added"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"stimulos","lemma":"stimulus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"goads"},{"surface":"acris","lemma":"acer","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"keen"},{"surface":"sub","lemma":"sub","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"pectore","lemma":"pectus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"breast"},{"surface":"vertit","lemma":"uerto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"turned"}]},{"number":719,"label":"719","id":"b9-l719","source":"immisitque Fugam Teucris atrumque Timorem.","translation":"and sent Flight in among the Teucrians, and black Fear.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l719.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"immisitque","lemma":"immitto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"sent in"},{"surface":"Fugam","lemma":"fuga","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"Flight"},{"surface":"Teucris","lemma":"teucer","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"Trojan"},{"surface":"atrumque","lemma":"ater","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"black"},{"surface":"Timorem","lemma":"timor","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"fear"}]},{"number":720,"label":"720","id":"b9-l720","source":"Undique conveniunt, quoniam data copia pugnae","translation":"They come together from every side, since a chance to fight is given","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l720.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Undique","lemma":"undique","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"from every side"},{"surface":"conveniunt","lemma":"conuenio","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"come together"},{"surface":"quoniam","lemma":"quoniam","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"data","lemma":"do","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"given"},{"surface":"copia","lemma":"copia","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"chance"},{"surface":"pugnae","lemma":"pugna","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"to fight"}]},{"number":721,"label":"721","id":"b9-l721","source":"bellatorque animo deus incidit.","translation":"and the warrior god has fallen on their spirit.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l721.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"bellatorque","lemma":"bellator","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"and warrior"},{"surface":"animo","lemma":"animus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"on their spirit"},{"surface":"deus","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"god"},{"surface":"incidit","lemma":"incido","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"has fallen"}]},{"number":722,"label":"722","id":"b9-l722","source":"Pandarus ut fuso germanum corpore cernit","translation":"When Pandarus sees his brother's body spread on the ground,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l722.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pandarus","lemma":"pandarus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Pandarus"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"fuso","lemma":"fundo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"spread"},{"surface":"germanum","lemma":"germanus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"brother"},{"surface":"corpore","lemma":"corpus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"body"},{"surface":"cernit","lemma":"cerno","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"discerns"}]},{"number":723,"label":"723","id":"b9-l723","source":"et quo sit fortuna loco, qui casus agat res,","translation":"and how the luck now stands, and what chance is driving things,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l723.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"quo","lemma":"qui","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"stands"},{"surface":"fortuna","lemma":"fortuna","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"luck"},{"surface":"loco","lemma":"locus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in what place"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"casus","lemma":"casus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"chance"},{"surface":"agat","lemma":"ago","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"drives"},{"surface":"res","lemma":"res","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"things"}]},{"number":724,"label":"724","id":"b9-l724","source":"portam vi magna converso cardine torquet,","translation":"he swings the gate round on its hinge with great force,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l724.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"portam","lemma":"porta","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"gate"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"uis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"force"},{"surface":"magna","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"converso","lemma":"conuerto","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having turned around"},{"surface":"cardine","lemma":"cardo","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"on its hinge"},{"surface":"torquet","lemma":"torqueo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"swings"}]},{"number":725,"label":"725","id":"b9-l725","source":"obnixus latis umeris, multosque suorum","translation":"straining with his broad shoulders, and leaves many of his own men","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l725.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"obnixus","lemma":"obnitor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"straining"},{"surface":"latis","lemma":"latus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"broad"},{"surface":"umeris","lemma":"umerus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"shoulders"},{"surface":"multosque","lemma":"multus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"and many"},{"surface":"suorum","lemma":"suus","morphology":"adjective, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"his own"}]},{"number":726,"label":"726","id":"b9-l726","source":"moenibus exclusos duro in certamine linquit;","translation":"shut out of the walls in the hard fighting;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l726.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"moenibus","lemma":"moenia","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"from the walls"},{"surface":"exclusos","lemma":"excludo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"shut out"},{"surface":"duro","lemma":"durus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"hard"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"certamine","lemma":"certamen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"fighting"},{"surface":"linquit","lemma":"linquo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"leaves"}]},{"number":727,"label":"727","id":"b9-l727","source":"ast alios secum includit recipitque ruentis,","translation":"but he shuts others in with him and takes them as they come pouring back,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l727.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ast","lemma":"at","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"alios","lemma":"alius","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"secum","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with him"},{"surface":"includit","lemma":"includo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"shuts up"},{"surface":"recipitque","lemma":"recipio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"takes back"},{"surface":"ruentis","lemma":"ruo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"pouring back"}]},{"number":728,"label":"728","id":"b9-l728","source":"demens, qui Rutulum in medio non agmine regem","translation":"out of his mind, a man who did not see the Rutulian king","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l728.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"demens","lemma":"demens","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"out of his mind"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"Rutulum","lemma":"rutulus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Rutulian"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"medio","lemma":"medius","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"the middle of"},{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"agmine","lemma":"agmen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the ranks"},{"surface":"regem","lemma":"rex","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"king"}]},{"number":729,"label":"729","id":"b9-l729","source":"viderit inrumpentem ultroque incluserit urbi,","translation":"breaking in among the ranks, and shut him inside the town himself,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l729.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"viderit","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"saw"},{"surface":"inrumpentem","lemma":"irrumpo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"breaking in"},{"surface":"ultroque","lemma":"ultro","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"and of his own accord"},{"surface":"incluserit","lemma":"includo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"shut up"},{"surface":"urbi","lemma":"urbs","morphology":"noun, dative singular feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"inside the town"}]},{"number":730,"label":"730","id":"b9-l730","source":"immanem veluti pecora inter inertia tigrim.","translation":"the way a huge tiger is shut in among dull cattle.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l730.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"immanem","lemma":"immanis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"huge"},{"surface":"veluti","lemma":"ueluti","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"the way"},{"surface":"pecora","lemma":"pecus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"cattle"},{"surface":"inter","lemma":"inter","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"inertia","lemma":"iners","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"dull, helpless"},{"surface":"tigrim","lemma":"tigris","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"tiger"}]},{"number":731,"label":"731","id":"b9-l731","source":"Continuo nova lux oculis effulsit, et arma","translation":"At once a strange light flashed on their eyes, and the armor","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l731.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Continuo nova lux oculis effulsit","title":"The strange light, a second time","body":"Nova lux oculis, 'a strange light upon their eyes', repeats the phrase from line 110, where Cybele appeared to save the ships. Here Continuo replaces Hic primum and effulsit replaces offulsit, the same words reused with small variation for Turnus' appearance inside the camp."}],"words":[{"surface":"Continuo","lemma":"continuo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"nova","lemma":"nouus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"strange"},{"surface":"lux","lemma":"lux","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"light"},{"surface":"oculis","lemma":"oculus","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"on their eyes"},{"surface":"effulsit","lemma":"effulgeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"flashed"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"arma","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"armor"}]},{"number":732,"label":"732","id":"b9-l732","source":"horrendum sonuere; tremunt in vertice cristae","translation":"rang horribly; the blood-red crests shake on his head,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l732.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"horrendum","lemma":"horrendus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"horribly"},{"surface":"sonuere","lemma":"sono","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"rang"},{"surface":"tremunt","lemma":"tremo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"shake"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"vertice","lemma":"uertex","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"cristae","lemma":"crista","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"crests"}]},{"number":733,"label":"733","id":"b9-l733","source":"sanguineae, clipeoque micantia fulmina mittit:","translation":"and he sends flashing lightning off his shield:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l733.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sanguineae","lemma":"sanguineus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"blood-red"},{"surface":"clipeoque","lemma":"clipeus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"and from his shield"},{"surface":"micantia","lemma":"mico","morphology":"participle, present active accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"flashing"},{"surface":"fulmina","lemma":"fulmen","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"lightning"},{"surface":"mittit","lemma":"mitto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"sends"}]},{"number":734,"label":"734","id":"b9-l734","source":"agnoscunt faciem invisam atque immania membra","translation":"the followers of Aeneas know the hated face and the monstrous","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l734.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"agnoscunt","lemma":"agnosco","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"faciem","lemma":"facies","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"invisam","lemma":"inuisus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"hated"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"immania","lemma":"immanis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"monstrous"},{"surface":"membra","lemma":"membrum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"limbs"}]},{"number":735,"label":"735","id":"b9-l735","source":"turbati subito Aeneadae. Tum Pandarus ingens","translation":"limbs, thrown into sudden confusion. Then huge Pandarus","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l735.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"turbati","lemma":"turbo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"thrown into confusion"},{"surface":"subito","lemma":"subito","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"suddenly"},{"surface":"Aeneadae","lemma":"aeneades","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"sons of Aeneas"},{"surface":"Tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"Pandarus","lemma":"pandarus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Pandarus"},{"surface":"ingens","lemma":"ingens","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"huge"}]},{"number":736,"label":"736","id":"b9-l736","source":"emicat et mortis fraternae fervidus ira","translation":"darts out, hot with anger at his brother's death,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l736.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"emicat","lemma":"emico","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"darts out"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"mortis","lemma":"mors","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"death"},{"surface":"fraternae","lemma":"fraternus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"brother's"},{"surface":"fervidus","lemma":"feruidus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"hot"},{"surface":"ira","lemma":"ira","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with anger"}]},{"number":737,"label":"737","id":"b9-l737","source":"effatur: “Non haec dotalis regia Amatae,","translation":"and speaks: “This is not Amata's palace that came with her dowry,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l737.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"effatur","lemma":"effor","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"speaks"},{"surface":"Non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"haec","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"dotalis","lemma":"dotalis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"dowry"},{"surface":"regia","lemma":"regia","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"palace"},{"surface":"Amatae","lemma":"amata","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"Amata"}]},{"number":738,"label":"738","id":"b9-l738","source":"nec muris cohibet patriis media Ardea Turnum.","translation":"and Ardea does not hold Turnus in the middle of his father's walls.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l738.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"muris","lemma":"murus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by walls"},{"surface":"cohibet","lemma":"cohibeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"holds together"},{"surface":"patriis","lemma":"patrius","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"father's"},{"surface":"media","lemma":"medius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"the middle of"},{"surface":"Ardea","lemma":"ardea","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Ardea"},{"surface":"Turnum","lemma":"turnus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Turnus"}]},{"number":739,"label":"739","id":"b9-l739","source":"Castra inimica vides; nulla hinc exire potestas.”","translation":"You are looking at an enemy camp; there is no power to get out of it.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l739.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Castra","lemma":"castra","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"camp"},{"surface":"inimica","lemma":"inimicus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"enemy"},{"surface":"vides","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"nulla","lemma":"nullus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"hinc","lemma":"hinc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"from here"},{"surface":"exire","lemma":"exeo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to get out"},{"surface":"potestas","lemma":"potestas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"power"}]},{"number":740,"label":"740","id":"b9-l740","source":"Olli subridens sedato pectore Turnus:","translation":"Turnus, smiling back at him with a settled heart:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l740.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Olli","title":"An archaic dative form","body":"Olli is an archaic dative of ille, 'to him', a form Vergil keeps for introducing a reply. It means the same as the ordinary illi, only spelled in an older way."}],"words":[{"surface":"Olli","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to him"},{"surface":"subridens","lemma":"surrideo","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"smiling"},{"surface":"sedato","lemma":"sedo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"calmed, settled"},{"surface":"pectore","lemma":"pectus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with heart"},{"surface":"Turnus","lemma":"turnus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Turnus"}]},{"number":741,"label":"741","id":"b9-l741","source":"“Incipe, siqua animo virtus, et consere dextram:","translation":"“Begin, if there is any courage in your spirit, and join right hands:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l741.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Incipe","lemma":"incipio","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"begin"},{"surface":"siqua","lemma":"siquis","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"if, if only"},{"surface":"animo","lemma":"animus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"mind"},{"surface":"virtus","lemma":"uirtus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"courage"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"consere","lemma":"consero","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular present imperative active","role":"command","gloss":"join"},{"surface":"dextram","lemma":"dextera","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"right hand"}]},{"number":742,"label":"742","id":"b9-l742","source":"hic etiam inventum Priamo narrabis Achillem.”","translation":"you will tell Priam that an Achilles was found here too.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l742.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"hic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"etiam","lemma":"etiam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"inventum","lemma":"inuenio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"found"},{"surface":"Priamo","lemma":"priamus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to Priam"},{"surface":"narrabis","lemma":"narro","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"will tell"},{"surface":"Achillem","lemma":"achilles","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Achilles"}]},{"number":743,"label":"743","id":"b9-l743","source":"Dixerat. Ille rudem nodis et cortice crudo","translation":"He had spoken. The other, straining with all his strength,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l743.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dixerat","lemma":"dico","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"had spoken"},{"surface":"Ille","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"the other"},{"surface":"rudem","lemma":"rudis","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"rough, unworked"},{"surface":"nodis","lemma":"nodus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"knots"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"cortice","lemma":"cortex","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"bark"},{"surface":"crudo","lemma":"crudus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"raw"}]},{"number":744,"label":"744","id":"b9-l744","source":"intorquet summis adnixus viribus hastam:","translation":"hurls a spear still rough with knots and raw bark:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l744.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"intorquet","lemma":"intorqueo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"hurls"},{"surface":"summis","lemma":"summus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"utmost"},{"surface":"adnixus","lemma":"annitor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"straining"},{"surface":"viribus","lemma":"uis","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with strength"},{"surface":"hastam","lemma":"hasta","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"spear"}]},{"number":745,"label":"745","id":"b9-l745","source":"excepere aurae volnus; Saturnia Iuno","translation":"the winds took the wound; Saturn's daughter Juno","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l745.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"excepere","lemma":"excipio","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"took out"},{"surface":"aurae","lemma":"aura","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"winds"},{"surface":"volnus","lemma":"uolnus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"wound"},{"surface":"Saturnia","lemma":"saturnius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Saturn's daughter"},{"surface":"Iuno","lemma":"iuno","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Juno"}]},{"number":746,"label":"746","id":"b9-l746","source":"detorsit veniens, portaeque infigitur hasta.","translation":"came and turned it aside, and the spear is planted in the gate.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l746.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"detorsit","lemma":"detorqueo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"turned"},{"surface":"veniens","lemma":"uenio","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"coming"},{"surface":"portaeque","lemma":"porta","morphology":"noun, dative singular feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"and in the gate"},{"surface":"infigitur","lemma":"infigo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"is planted"},{"surface":"hasta","lemma":"hasta","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"spear"}]},{"number":747,"label":"747","id":"b9-l747","source":"“At non hoc telum, mea quod vi dextera versat,","translation":"“But this weapon, that my right hand handles by main strength,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l747.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"At","lemma":"at","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"hoc","lemma":"hic","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"telum","lemma":"telum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"weapon"},{"surface":"mea","lemma":"meus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"quod","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"uis","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by strength"},{"surface":"dextera","lemma":"dextera","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"right hand"},{"surface":"versat","lemma":"uerso","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"handles"}]},{"number":748,"label":"748","id":"b9-l748","source":"effugies; neque enim is teli nec volneris auctor.”","translation":"you will not escape; the man who deals this shaft and this wound is another.”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l748.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"effugies","lemma":"effugio","morphology":"verb, 2nd singular future indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"will escape"},{"surface":"neque","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"for not"},{"surface":"enim","lemma":"enim","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"is","lemma":"is","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"teli","lemma":"telum","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the shaft"},{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"volneris","lemma":"uolnus","morphology":"noun, genitive singular neuter","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the wound"},{"surface":"auctor","lemma":"auctor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"author"}]},{"number":749,"label":"749","id":"b9-l749","source":"Sic ait et sublatum alte consurgit in ensem","translation":"So he says, and rises up into the sword he has raised high","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l749.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sic","lemma":"sic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"ait","lemma":"aio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"says"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sublatum","lemma":"tollo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"raised"},{"surface":"alte","lemma":"alte","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"high"},{"surface":"consurgit","lemma":"consurgo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"rises"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"ensem","lemma":"ensis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"sword"}]},{"number":750,"label":"750","id":"b9-l750","source":"et mediam ferro gemina inter tempora frontem","translation":"and splits the forehead down the middle with the iron,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l750.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"mediam","lemma":"medius","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"the middle of"},{"surface":"ferro","lemma":"ferrum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"iron"},{"surface":"gemina","lemma":"geminus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"twin"},{"surface":"inter","lemma":"inter","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"between"},{"surface":"tempora","lemma":"tempus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"temples"},{"surface":"frontem","lemma":"frons","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"forehead"}]},{"number":751,"label":"751","id":"b9-l751","source":"dividit inpubesque immani volnere malas.","translation":"between the two temples, and the beardless cheeks, with a monstrous wound.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l751.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"inpubes malas","title":"Beardless cheeks","body":"Impubis means 'not yet grown up', describing malas, 'cheeks', that have no beard yet. The same attention to age marks Euryalus' first down at line 181, naming how young this soldier is as well."}],"words":[{"surface":"dividit","lemma":"diuido","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"splits"},{"surface":"inpubesque","lemma":"impubes","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"and beardless"},{"surface":"immani","lemma":"immanis","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"monstrous"},{"surface":"volnere","lemma":"uolnus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with a wound"},{"surface":"malas","lemma":"mala","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"cheeks"}]},{"number":752,"label":"752","id":"b9-l752","source":"Fit sonus, ingenti concussa est pondere tellus:","translation":"There is a sound; the earth was shaken by the huge weight:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l752.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Fit","lemma":"fio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"there is"},{"surface":"sonus","lemma":"sonus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"sound"},{"surface":"ingenti","lemma":"ingens","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"huge"},{"surface":"concussa","lemma":"concutio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"shaken"},{"surface":"est","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"pondere","lemma":"pondus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by the weight"},{"surface":"tellus","lemma":"tellus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"earth"}]},{"number":753,"label":"753","id":"b9-l753","source":"conlapsos artus atque arma cruenta cerebro","translation":"dying, he lays his fallen limbs along the ground and his armor","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l753.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"conlapsos","lemma":"collabor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"fallen"},{"surface":"artus","lemma":"artus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"limbs"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"arma","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"armor"},{"surface":"cruenta","lemma":"cruentus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"bloodied"},{"surface":"cerebro","lemma":"cerebrum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"brain"}]},{"number":754,"label":"754","id":"b9-l754","source":"sternit humi moriens, atque illi partibus aequis","translation":"bloodied with brain, and the head hung in equal halves,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l754.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sternit","lemma":"sterno","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"lays low"},{"surface":"humi","lemma":"humus","morphology":"noun, locative singular feminine","role":"place","gloss":"ground"},{"surface":"moriens","lemma":"morior","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"dying"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"illi","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"for him"},{"surface":"partibus","lemma":"pars","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"parts, halves"},{"surface":"aequis","lemma":"aequus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"equal"}]},{"number":755,"label":"755","id":"b9-l755","source":"huc caput atque illuc umero ex utroque pependit.","translation":"this way and that, from each of his two shoulders.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l755.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"huc","lemma":"huc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"this way"},{"surface":"caput","lemma":"caput","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"illuc","lemma":"illuc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"that way"},{"surface":"umero","lemma":"umerus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"shoulder"},{"surface":"ex","lemma":"ex","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"utroque","lemma":"uterque","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"each"},{"surface":"pependit","lemma":"pendeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"hung"}]},{"number":756,"label":"756","id":"b9-l756","source":"Diffugiunt versi trepida formidine Troes:","translation":"The Trojans turn and scatter in shaking terror:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l756.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Diffugiunt","lemma":"diffugio","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"scatter"},{"surface":"versi","lemma":"uerto","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having turned"},{"surface":"trepida","lemma":"trepidus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"shaking"},{"surface":"formidine","lemma":"formido","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with terror"},{"surface":"Troes","lemma":"troes","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"the Trojans"}]},{"number":757,"label":"757","id":"b9-l757","source":"et si continuo victorem ea cura subisset,","translation":"and if the thought had come to the winner then and there","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l757.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"et si continuo victorem ea cura subisset ... fuisset","title":"A condition contrary to fact","body":"Subisset and fuisset are both pluperfect subjunctive, forming a condition contrary to fact: 'if the thought had come to him, it would have been'. Neither happened. Epic poetry often uses this construction, 'and now they would have, had not', at turning points in the story."}],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"continuo","lemma":"continuo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"victorem","lemma":"uictor","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"the winner"},{"surface":"ea","lemma":"is","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"cura","lemma":"cura","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"subisset","lemma":"subeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"had come to, had occurred to"}]},{"number":758,"label":"758","id":"b9-l758","source":"rumpere claustra manu sociosque immittere portis,","translation":"to break the bars with his hand and let his comrades in at the gates,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l758.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"rumpere","lemma":"rumpo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to break"},{"surface":"claustra","lemma":"claustrum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"bars"},{"surface":"manu","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"sociosque","lemma":"socius","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"and comrades","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"immittere","lemma":"immitto","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to let in"},{"surface":"portis","lemma":"porta","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"gates"}]},{"number":759,"label":"759","id":"b9-l759","source":"ultimus ille dies bello gentique fuisset;","translation":"that would have been the last day of the war and of the race;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l759.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ultimus","lemma":"ultimus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine, superlative","role":"predicate","gloss":"last"},{"surface":"ille","lemma":"ille","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"dies","lemma":"dies","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"bello","lemma":"bellum","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"of the war"},{"surface":"gentique","lemma":"gens","morphology":"noun, dative singular feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"and of the race","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"fuisset","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect subjunctive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"would have been"}]},{"number":760,"label":"760","id":"b9-l760","source":"sed furor ardentem caedisque insana cupido","translation":"but fury and an insane hunger for killing drove him, burning,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l760.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sed","lemma":"sed","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"furor","lemma":"furor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"fury"},{"surface":"ardentem","lemma":"ardeo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"burning"},{"surface":"caedisque","lemma":"caedes","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"killing"},{"surface":"insana","lemma":"insanus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"insane"},{"surface":"cupido","lemma":"cupido","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"hunger"}]},{"number":761,"label":"761","id":"b9-l761","source":"egit in adversos.","translation":"at the men in front of him.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l761.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"egit","lemma":"ago","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"drove"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"adversos","lemma":"aduersus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the men in front of him"}]},{"number":762,"label":"762","id":"b9-l762","source":"Principio Phalerim et succiso poplite Gygen","translation":"First he takes Phaleris, and Gyges with his hamstring cut;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l762.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Principio","lemma":"principio","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"first, at the outset"},{"surface":"Phalerim","lemma":"phaleris","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Phaleris"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"succiso","lemma":"succido","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been cut down"},{"surface":"poplite","lemma":"poples","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"hamstring"},{"surface":"Gygen","lemma":"gyges","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Gyges"}]},{"number":763,"label":"763","id":"b9-l763","source":"excipit; hinc raptas fugientibus ingerit hastas","translation":"then he snatches up their spears and piles them into the backs","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l763.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"excipit","lemma":"excipio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"catches, takes"},{"surface":"hinc","lemma":"hinc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"raptas","lemma":"rapio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"snatched"},{"surface":"fugientibus","lemma":"fugio","morphology":"participle, present active dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"at the running men"},{"surface":"ingerit","lemma":"ingero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"piles"},{"surface":"hastas","lemma":"hasta","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"spears"}]},{"number":764,"label":"764","id":"b9-l764","source":"in tergum, Iuno vires animumque ministrat;","translation":"of the running men; Juno supplies the strength and the spirit;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l764.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"tergum","lemma":"tergum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the back"},{"surface":"Iuno","lemma":"iuno","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Juno"},{"surface":"vires","lemma":"uis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"strength"},{"surface":"animumque","lemma":"animus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"and spirit","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"ministrat","lemma":"ministro","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"supplies"}]},{"number":765,"label":"765","id":"b9-l765","source":"addit Halym comitem et confixa Phegea parma,","translation":"he adds Halys to their company, and Phegeus, pinned through his shield,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l765.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"addit","lemma":"addo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"adds"},{"surface":"Halym","lemma":"halys","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Halys"},{"surface":"comitem","lemma":"comes","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"companion"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"confixa","lemma":"configo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"pinned through"},{"surface":"Phegea","lemma":"phegeus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Phegeus"},{"surface":"parma","lemma":"parma","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"through his shield"}]},{"number":766,"label":"766","id":"b9-l766","source":"ignaros deinde in muris Martemque cientis","translation":"then men on the walls who knew nothing and were rousing the war-god,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l766.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ignaros","lemma":"ignarus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"unaware men"},{"surface":"deinde","lemma":"deinde","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"muris","lemma":"murus","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the walls"},{"surface":"Martemque","lemma":"mars","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"and war"},{"surface":"cientis","lemma":"cieo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"rousing"}]},{"number":767,"label":"767","id":"b9-l767","source":"Alcandrumque Haliumque Noemonaque Prytanimque.","translation":"Alcander and Halius and Noemon and Prytanis.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l767.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Alcandrumque","lemma":"alcander","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Alcander","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"Haliumque","lemma":"halius","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Halius","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"Noemonaque","lemma":"noemon","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Noemon","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"Prytanimque","lemma":"prytanis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"and Prytanis"}]},{"number":768,"label":"768","id":"b9-l768","source":"Lyncea tendentem contra sociosque vocantem","translation":"Lynceus, coming at him and calling his comrades,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l768.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Lyncea","lemma":"lynceus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Lynceus"},{"surface":"tendentem","lemma":"tendo","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"coming"},{"surface":"contra","lemma":"contra","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"against"},{"surface":"sociosque","lemma":"socius","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"and comrades","note":"-que attached: \"and.\""},{"surface":"vocantem","lemma":"uoco","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"calling"}]},{"number":769,"label":"769","id":"b9-l769","source":"vibranti gladio conixus ab aggere dexter","translation":"he catches, straining from the earthwork on the right","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l769.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"vibranti","lemma":"uibro","morphology":"participle, present active ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"shivering"},{"surface":"gladio","lemma":"gladius","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with a blade"},{"surface":"conixus","lemma":"conitor","morphology":"participle, perfect deponent nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having strained"},{"surface":"ab","lemma":"ab","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"aggere","lemma":"agger","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the earthwork"},{"surface":"dexter","lemma":"dexter","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"right"}]},{"number":770,"label":"770","id":"b9-l770","source":"occupat; huic uno desectum comminus ictu","translation":"with a shivering blade; the head, cut off at close quarters","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l770.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"occupat","lemma":"occupo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"catches"},{"surface":"huic","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"for him"},{"surface":"uno","lemma":"unus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"desectum","lemma":"deseco","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been severed"},{"surface":"comminus","lemma":"comminus","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at close quarters"},{"surface":"ictu","lemma":"ictus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with a stroke"}]},{"number":771,"label":"771","id":"b9-l771","source":"cum galea longe iacuit caput. Inde ferarum","translation":"by one stroke, lay far away with the helmet still on it. Then","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l771.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"galea","lemma":"galea","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the helmet"},{"surface":"longe","lemma":"longe","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"far"},{"surface":"iacuit","lemma":"iaceo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"lay"},{"surface":"caput","lemma":"caput","morphology":"noun, nominative singular neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"Inde","lemma":"inde","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"ferarum","lemma":"fera","morphology":"noun, genitive plural feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"wild beast"}]},{"number":772,"label":"772","id":"b9-l772","source":"vastatorem Amycum, quo non felicior alter","translation":"Amycus, waster of wild beasts, than whom no one was luckier","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l772.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"vastatorem","lemma":"uastator","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"waster"},{"surface":"Amycum","lemma":"amycus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Amycus"},{"surface":"quo","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"than whom"},{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"felicior","lemma":"felix","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine, comparative","role":"predicate","gloss":"luckier"},{"surface":"alter","lemma":"alter","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"another"}]},{"number":773,"label":"773","id":"b9-l773","source":"ungere tela manu ferrumque armare veneno,","translation":"at smearing weapons by hand and arming iron with poison,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l773.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ungere","lemma":"ungo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to anoint"},{"surface":"tela","lemma":"telum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"weapons"},{"surface":"manu","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"ferrumque","lemma":"ferrum","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"iron"},{"surface":"armare","lemma":"armo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to equip"},{"surface":"veneno","lemma":"uenenum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"poison"}]},{"number":774,"label":"774","id":"b9-l774","source":"et Clytium Aeoliden et amicum Crethea Musis,","translation":"and Clytius son of Aeolus, and Cretheus, friend of the Muses,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l774.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Clytium","lemma":"clytius","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Clytius"},{"surface":"Aeoliden","lemma":"aeolides","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"son of Aeolus"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"amicum","lemma":"amicus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"friendly"},{"surface":"Crethea","lemma":"cretheus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"Cretheus"},{"surface":"Musis","lemma":"musa","morphology":"noun, dative plural feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"of the Muses"}]},{"number":775,"label":"775","id":"b9-l775","source":"Crethea Musarum comitem, cui carmina semper","translation":"Cretheus, companion of the Muses, whose delight was always","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l775.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Crethea","lemma":"cretheus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Cretheus"},{"surface":"Musarum","lemma":"musa","morphology":"noun, genitive plural feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the Muses"},{"surface":"comitem","lemma":"comes","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"companion"},{"surface":"cui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"carmina","lemma":"carmen","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"songs"},{"surface":"semper","lemma":"semper","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"always"}]},{"number":776,"label":"776","id":"b9-l776","source":"et citharae cordi numerosque intendere nervis.","translation":"songs and the lyre and the setting of measures to the strings.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l776.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"citharae","lemma":"cithara","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"the lyre"},{"surface":"cordi","lemma":"cor","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"predicate","gloss":"dear"},{"surface":"numerosque","lemma":"numerus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"and measures"},{"surface":"intendere","lemma":"intendo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to aim"},{"surface":"nervis","lemma":"neruus","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to the strings"}]},{"number":777,"label":"777","id":"b9-l777","source":"Semper equos atque arma virum pugnasque canebat.","translation":"He was always singing of horses and men's arms and of battles.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l777.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Semper","lemma":"semper","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"equos","lemma":"equus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"horses"},{"surface":"atque","lemma":"atque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"arma","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"arms"},{"surface":"virum","lemma":"uir","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of men"},{"surface":"pugnasque","lemma":"pugna","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"battles"},{"surface":"canebat","lemma":"cano","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular imperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"was singing"}]},{"number":778,"label":"778","id":"b9-l778","source":"Tandem ductores audita caede suorum","translation":"At last, hearing of the killing of their own, the Teucrian captains","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l778.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tandem","lemma":"tandem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at last"},{"surface":"ductores","lemma":"ductor","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"captains"},{"surface":"audita","lemma":"audio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"caede","lemma":"caedes","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"killing"},{"surface":"suorum","lemma":"suus","morphology":"adjective, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of their own men"}]},{"number":779,"label":"779","id":"b9-l779","source":"conveniunt Teucri, Mnestheus acerque Serestus,","translation":"come together, Mnestheus and keen Serestus,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l779.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"conveniunt","lemma":"conuenio","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"come together"},{"surface":"Teucri","lemma":"teucer","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"the Teucrians"},{"surface":"Mnestheus","lemma":"mnestheus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Mnestheus"},{"surface":"acerque","lemma":"acer","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"and keen"},{"surface":"Serestus","lemma":"serestus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"apposition","gloss":"Serestus"}]},{"number":780,"label":"780","id":"b9-l780","source":"palantisque vident socios hostemque receptum.","translation":"and see their comrades straggling and the enemy let in.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l780.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"palantisque","lemma":"palor","morphology":"participle, present active accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"straggling"},{"surface":"vident","lemma":"uideo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"socios","lemma":"socius","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"comrades"},{"surface":"hostemque","lemma":"hostis","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"and the enemy"},{"surface":"receptum","lemma":"recipio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"let in, admitted"}]},{"number":781,"label":"781","id":"b9-l781","source":"Et Mnestheus: “Quo deinde fugam, quo tenditis?” inquit.","translation":"And Mnestheus: “Where next? Where are you running to?” he says.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l781.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Mnestheus","lemma":"mnestheus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Mnestheus"},{"surface":"Quo","lemma":"quo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"where to"},{"surface":"deinde","lemma":"deinde","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"next"},{"surface":"fugam","lemma":"fuga","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"flight"},{"surface":"quo","lemma":"quo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"where to"},{"surface":"tenditis","lemma":"tendo","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"are you heading"},{"surface":"inquit","lemma":"inquam","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"says"}]},{"number":782,"label":"782","id":"b9-l782","source":"“Quos alios muros, quae iam ultra moenia habetis?","translation":"“What other walls, what defenses have you left beyond these?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l782.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Quos","lemma":"qui","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"alios","lemma":"alius","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"muros","lemma":"murus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"walls"},{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"iam","lemma":"iam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"ultra","lemma":"ultra","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"beyond"},{"surface":"moenia","lemma":"moenia","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"defenses"},{"surface":"habetis","lemma":"habeo","morphology":"verb, 2nd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"have"}]},{"number":783,"label":"783","id":"b9-l783","source":"Unus homo et vestris, o cives, undique saeptus","translation":"Shall one man, citizens, fenced in on every side by your own","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l783.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Unus","lemma":"unus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"homo","lemma":"homo","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"vestris","lemma":"uester","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"o","lemma":"o","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation","gloss":"oh"},{"surface":"cives","lemma":"ciuis","morphology":"noun, vocative plural masculine","role":"address","gloss":"citizens"},{"surface":"undique","lemma":"undique","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"from every side"},{"surface":"saeptus","lemma":"saepio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"fenced in"}]},{"number":784,"label":"784","id":"b9-l784","source":"aggeribus tantas strages inpune per urbem","translation":"earthworks, have dealt such slaughter through the town unpunished","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l784.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"aggeribus","lemma":"agger","morphology":"noun, ablative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by earthworks"},{"surface":"tantas","lemma":"tantus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"strages","lemma":"strages","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"slaughter"},{"surface":"inpune","lemma":"inpune","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"unpunished"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"urbem","lemma":"urbs","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the town"}]},{"number":785,"label":"785","id":"b9-l785","source":"ediderit, iuvenum primos tot miserit Orco?","translation":"and sent so many of the first of the young men down to Orcus?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l785.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ediderit","lemma":"edo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect subjunctive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"shall he deal"},{"surface":"iuvenum","lemma":"iuuenis","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"young man"},{"surface":"primos","lemma":"primus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"tot","lemma":"tot","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"so many"},{"surface":"miserit","lemma":"mitto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect subjunctive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"shall he send"},{"surface":"Orco","lemma":"orcus","morphology":"noun, dative singular masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"to Orcus"}]},{"number":786,"label":"786","id":"b9-l786","source":"Non infelicis patriae veterumque deorum","translation":"Have you no pity, no shame, you sluggards, for an unlucky country,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l786.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"infelicis","lemma":"infelix","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"unlucky"},{"surface":"patriae","lemma":"patria","morphology":"noun, genitive singular feminine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of your country"},{"surface":"veterumque","lemma":"uetus","morphology":"adjective, genitive plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"and old"},{"surface":"deorum","lemma":"deus","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"gods"}]},{"number":787,"label":"787","id":"b9-l787","source":"et magni Aeneae, segnes, miseretque pudetque?”","translation":"for the old gods, and for great Aeneas?”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l787.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"miseretque pudetque","title":"Impersonal verbs with the genitive","body":"Miseret and pudet are impersonal verbs with no subject: Latin says 'it pities' and 'it shames', naming the person affected in the accusative and the cause in the genitive. Here three genitives, country, the old gods, and Aeneas, give the cause."}],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"magni","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, genitive singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"Aeneae","lemma":"aeneas","morphology":"noun, genitive singular masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of Aeneas"},{"surface":"segnes","lemma":"segnis","morphology":"adjective, vocative plural masculine","role":"address","gloss":"sluggards"},{"surface":"miseretque","lemma":"misereo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"does it pity"},{"surface":"pudetque","lemma":"pudeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"and does it shame"}]},{"number":788,"label":"788","id":"b9-l788","source":"Talibus accensi firmantur et agmine denso","translation":"Fired by such words they steady themselves and take their stand","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l788.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Talibus","lemma":"talis","morphology":"pronoun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by such words"},{"surface":"accensi","lemma":"accendo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"fired up"},{"surface":"firmantur","lemma":"firmo","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"steady themselves"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"agmine","lemma":"agmen","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"column of troops"},{"surface":"denso","lemma":"densus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"packed"}]},{"number":789,"label":"789","id":"b9-l789","source":"consistunt. Turnus paulatim excedere pugna","translation":"in a packed column. Turnus little by little draws out of the fight","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l789.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"consistunt","lemma":"consisto","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"take their stand"},{"surface":"Turnus","lemma":"turnus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Turnus"},{"surface":"paulatim","lemma":"paulatim","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"little by little"},{"surface":"excedere","lemma":"excedo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"draws out"},{"surface":"pugna","lemma":"pugna","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"from the fight"}]},{"number":790,"label":"790","id":"b9-l790","source":"et fluvium petere ac partem, quae cingitur unda;","translation":"and makes for the river and the quarter that the water rings;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l790.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fluvium","lemma":"fluuius","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"the river"},{"surface":"petere","lemma":"peto","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"makes for"},{"surface":"ac","lemma":"ac","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"partem","lemma":"pars","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"the quarter"},{"surface":"quae","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"cingitur","lemma":"cingo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"is ringed"},{"surface":"unda","lemma":"unda","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by water"}]},{"number":791,"label":"791","id":"b9-l791","source":"acrius hoc Teucri clamore incumbere magno","translation":"the Teucrians press him harder for it, with a great shouting,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l791.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"acrius","lemma":"acer","morphology":"adverb, comparative","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"harder"},{"surface":"hoc","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"for this"},{"surface":"Teucri","lemma":"teucer","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"the Teucrians"},{"surface":"clamore","lemma":"clamor","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"shout"},{"surface":"incumbere","lemma":"incumbo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"press"},{"surface":"magno","lemma":"magnus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"great"}]},{"number":792,"label":"792","id":"b9-l792","source":"et glomerare manum. Ceu saevum turba leonem","translation":"and close their force around him. As when a crowd presses","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l792.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"glomerare","lemma":"glomero","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"main verb","gloss":"close"},{"surface":"manum","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"their force"},{"surface":"Ceu","lemma":"ceu","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"as when"},{"surface":"saevum","lemma":"saeuus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"savage"},{"surface":"turba","lemma":"turba","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"crowd"},{"surface":"leonem","lemma":"leo","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"lion"}]},{"number":793,"label":"793","id":"b9-l793","source":"cum telis premit infensis, at territus ille,","translation":"a savage lion with weapons leveled, and he, frightened,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l793.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"telis","lemma":"telum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"weapons"},{"surface":"premit","lemma":"premo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"presses"},{"surface":"infensis","lemma":"infensus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"leveled"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"territus","lemma":"terreo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been frightened"},{"surface":"ille","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"he"}]},{"number":794,"label":"794","id":"b9-l794","source":"asper, acerba tuens, retro redit, et neque terga","translation":"rough, with a bitter look, goes backwards, and neither his anger","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l794.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"asper","lemma":"asper","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"rough"},{"surface":"acerba","lemma":"acerbus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"bitterly, fiercely"},{"surface":"tuens","lemma":"tueor","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"looking"},{"surface":"retro","lemma":"retro","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"backwards"},{"surface":"redit","lemma":"redeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"goes back"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"neque","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and not"},{"surface":"terga","lemma":"tergum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"back"}]},{"number":795,"label":"795","id":"b9-l795","source":"ira dare aut virtus patitur, nec tendere contra","translation":"nor his courage lets him turn his back, nor can he push forward","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l795.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ira","lemma":"ira","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"anger"},{"surface":"dare","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to turn"},{"surface":"aut","lemma":"aut","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"virtus","lemma":"uirtus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"courage"},{"surface":"patitur","lemma":"patior","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"allows"},{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"tendere","lemma":"tendo","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to push forward"},{"surface":"contra","lemma":"contra","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"against"}]},{"number":796,"label":"796","id":"b9-l796","source":"ille quidem hoc cupiens potis est per tela virosque:","translation":"against them, much as he wants to, through the weapons and the men:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l796.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ille","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"quidem","lemma":"quidem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"hoc","lemma":"hic","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"cupiens","lemma":"cupio","morphology":"participle, present active nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"wanting"},{"surface":"potis","lemma":"potis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"predicate","gloss":"able"},{"surface":"est","lemma":"sum","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"tela","lemma":"telum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"weapons"},{"surface":"virosque","lemma":"uir","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"and men"}]},{"number":797,"label":"797","id":"b9-l797","source":"haud aliter retro dubius vestigia Turnus","translation":"no otherwise Turnus, in two minds, carries his steps back","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l797.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"haud","lemma":"haud","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"aliter","lemma":"aliter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"otherwise"},{"surface":"retro","lemma":"retro","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"dubius","lemma":"dubius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"in two minds"},{"surface":"vestigia","lemma":"uestigium","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"steps"},{"surface":"Turnus","lemma":"turnus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Turnus"}]},{"number":798,"label":"798","id":"b9-l798","source":"improperata refert, et mens exaestuat ira.","translation":"without hurrying, and his mind boils over with anger.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l798.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"improperata","lemma":"improperatus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"unhurried"},{"surface":"refert","lemma":"refero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"brings back"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"mens","lemma":"mens","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"mind"},{"surface":"exaestuat","lemma":"exaestuo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"boils up"},{"surface":"ira","lemma":"ira","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with anger"}]},{"number":799,"label":"799","id":"b9-l799","source":"Quin etiam bis tum medios invaserat hostis,","translation":"Twice, even then, he had charged into the middle of the enemy,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l799.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"bis ... bis","title":"Twice, and twice","body":"Bis, 'twice', opens two successive clauses here, a formal epic figure marking a repeated effort. Turnus charges into the enemy twice in this passage, each time without breaking through."}],"words":[{"surface":"Quin","lemma":"quin","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"etiam","lemma":"etiam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"bis","lemma":"bis","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"twice"},{"surface":"tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"medios","lemma":"medius","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"the middle of"},{"surface":"invaserat","lemma":"inuado","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular pluperfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"had charged into"},{"surface":"hostis","lemma":"hostis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"the enemy"}]},{"number":800,"label":"800","id":"b9-l800","source":"bis confusa fuga per muros agmina vertit;","translation":"twice he turned their columns in confused flight along the walls;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l800.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"bis","lemma":"bis","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"twice"},{"surface":"confusa","lemma":"confundo","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"confused"},{"surface":"fuga","lemma":"fuga","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"in flight"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"along"},{"surface":"muros","lemma":"murus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"walls"},{"surface":"agmina","lemma":"agmen","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"column of troops"},{"surface":"vertit","lemma":"uerto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"turned"}]},{"number":801,"label":"801","id":"b9-l801","source":"sed manus e castris propere coit omnis in unum,","translation":"but the whole force from the camp gathers quickly into one,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l801.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sed","lemma":"sed","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"manus","lemma":"manus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"force"},{"surface":"e","lemma":"e","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"castris","lemma":"castra","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the camp"},{"surface":"propere","lemma":"propere","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"quickly"},{"surface":"coit","lemma":"coeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"gathers"},{"surface":"omnis","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"whole, all"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"unum","lemma":"unus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"one"}]},{"number":802,"label":"802","id":"b9-l802","source":"nec contra vires audet Saturnia Iuno","translation":"and Saturn's daughter Juno does not dare supply him strength","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l802.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"contra","lemma":"contra","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"against them"},{"surface":"vires","lemma":"uis","morphology":"noun, accusative plural feminine","role":"object","gloss":"strength"},{"surface":"audet","lemma":"audeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"dares"},{"surface":"Saturnia","lemma":"saturnius","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"Saturn's daughter"},{"surface":"Iuno","lemma":"iuno","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"Juno"}]},{"number":803,"label":"803","id":"b9-l803","source":"sufficere, aëriam caelo nam Iuppiter Irim","translation":"against them, for Jupiter sent Iris down through the air","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l803.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sufficere","lemma":"sufficio","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to supply"},{"surface":"aëriam","lemma":"aerius","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"airy, of the air"},{"surface":"caelo","lemma":"caelum","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"from heaven"},{"surface":"nam","lemma":"nam","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"Iuppiter","lemma":"iuppiter","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Jupiter"},{"surface":"Irim","lemma":"iris","morphology":"noun, accusative singular feminine","role":"object","gloss":"Iris"}]},{"number":804,"label":"804","id":"b9-l804","source":"demisit germanae haud mollia iussa ferentem,","translation":"out of heaven, carrying his sister no soft orders,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l804.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"demisit","lemma":"demitto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"sent down"},{"surface":"germanae","lemma":"germana","morphology":"noun, dative singular feminine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"sister, own sister"},{"surface":"haud","lemma":"haud","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"mollia","lemma":"mollis","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"soft"},{"surface":"iussa","lemma":"iussum","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object","gloss":"orders"},{"surface":"ferentem","lemma":"fero","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"carrying"}]},{"number":805,"label":"805","id":"b9-l805","source":"ni Turnus cedat Teucrorum moenibus altis.","translation":"if Turnus did not give way from the high walls of the Teucrians.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l805.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ni","lemma":"ni","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"unless"},{"surface":"Turnus","lemma":"turnus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Turnus"},{"surface":"cedat","lemma":"cedo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present subjunctive active","role":"subordinate verb","gloss":"gives way"},{"surface":"Teucrorum","lemma":"teucer","morphology":"noun, genitive plural masculine","role":"possessive","gloss":"of the Trojans"},{"surface":"moenibus","lemma":"moenia","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"from the walls"},{"surface":"altis","lemma":"altus","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"high"}]},{"number":806,"label":"806","id":"b9-l806","source":"Ergo nec clipeo iuvenis subsistere tantum","translation":"So the young man is not strong enough to hold on with his shield","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l806.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ergo","lemma":"ergo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"clipeo","lemma":"clipeus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"shield"},{"surface":"iuvenis","lemma":"iuuenis","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"young man"},{"surface":"subsistere","lemma":"subsisto","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to hold on"},{"surface":"tantum","lemma":"tantum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so much, enough"}]},{"number":807,"label":"807","id":"b9-l807","source":"nec dextra valet: iniectis sic undique telis","translation":"or with his right hand: he is buried under weapons thrown","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l807.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"dextra","lemma":"dextera","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with his right hand"},{"surface":"valet","lemma":"ualeo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"is strong"},{"surface":"iniectis","lemma":"inicio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"thrown"},{"surface":"sic","lemma":"sic","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"undique","lemma":"undique","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"from every side"},{"surface":"telis","lemma":"telum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"weapons"}]},{"number":808,"label":"808","id":"b9-l808","source":"obruitur. Strepit adsiduo cava tempora circum","translation":"from every side. The helmet rattles with a ceaseless ringing","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l808.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"obruitur","lemma":"obruo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative passive","role":"main verb","gloss":"is buried"},{"surface":"Strepit","lemma":"strepo","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"rattles"},{"surface":"adsiduo","lemma":"assiduus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"continual, ceaseless"},{"surface":"cava","lemma":"cauus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"hollow"},{"surface":"tempora","lemma":"tempus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural neuter","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"temples"},{"surface":"circum","lemma":"circum","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"about"}]},{"number":809,"label":"809","id":"b9-l809","source":"tinnitu galea, et saxis solida aera fatiscunt,","translation":"about his hollow temples, and the solid bronze splits under stones,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l809.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"saxis solida aera fatiscunt","title":"The bronze giving way","body":"Fatisco means 'to gape open with cracks', the verb used elsewhere of dried wood or cracked ground. Here it describes solida aera, 'solid bronze', splitting under the impact of thrown stones."}],"words":[{"surface":"tinnitu","lemma":"tinnitus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with ringing"},{"surface":"galea","lemma":"galea","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"helmet"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"saxis","lemma":"saxum","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"under stones"},{"surface":"solida","lemma":"solidus","morphology":"adjective, nominative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"solid"},{"surface":"aera","lemma":"aes","morphology":"noun, nominative plural neuter","role":"subject","gloss":"bronze"},{"surface":"fatiscunt","lemma":"fatisco","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"splits"}]},{"number":810,"label":"810","id":"b9-l810","source":"discussaeque iubae capiti, nec sufficit umbo","translation":"and the plumes are shaken off his head; and the boss does not hold","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l810.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"discussaeque","lemma":"discutio","morphology":"participle, perfect passive nominative plural feminine","role":"predicate","gloss":"shaken off"},{"surface":"iubae","lemma":"iuba","morphology":"noun, nominative plural feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"plumes, crests"},{"surface":"capiti","lemma":"caput","morphology":"noun, dative singular neuter","role":"indirect object","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and not"},{"surface":"sufficit","lemma":"sufficio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"holds"},{"surface":"umbo","lemma":"umbo","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"boss"}]},{"number":811,"label":"811","id":"b9-l811","source":"ictibus: ingeminant hastis et Troes et ipse","translation":"against the blows: the Trojans double their spear-strokes, and Mnestheus","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l811.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ictibus","lemma":"ictus","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"against blows"},{"surface":"ingeminant","lemma":"ingemino","morphology":"verb, 3rd plural present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"double"},{"surface":"hastis","lemma":"hasta","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"spears"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"both"},{"surface":"Troes","lemma":"troes","morphology":"noun, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"the Trojans"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ipse","lemma":"ipse","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"himself"}]},{"number":812,"label":"812","id":"b9-l812","source":"fulmineus Mnestheus. Tum toto corpore sudor","translation":"himself, like lightning. Then sweat runs over his whole body","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l812.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"fulmineus","lemma":"fulmineus","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"like lightning"},{"surface":"Mnestheus","lemma":"mnestheus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"Mnestheus"},{"surface":"Tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"toto","lemma":"totus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"corpore","lemma":"corpus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"body"},{"surface":"sudor","lemma":"sudor","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"sweat"}]},{"number":813,"label":"813","id":"b9-l813","source":"liquitur et piceum, nec respirare potestas,","translation":"and drives a pitch-black river, there is no power left to breathe,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l813.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"liquitur","lemma":"liquor","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative deponent","role":"main verb","gloss":"flows, melts"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"piceum","lemma":"piceus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"pitch-black"},{"surface":"nec","lemma":"neque","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"respirare","lemma":"respiro","morphology":"verb, present infinitive active","role":"infinitive","gloss":"to breathe out"},{"surface":"potestas","lemma":"potestas","morphology":"noun, nominative singular feminine","role":"subject","gloss":"power"}]},{"number":814,"label":"814","id":"b9-l814","source":"flumen agit; fessos quatit aeger anhelitus artus.","translation":"and a sick panting shakes his worn-out limbs.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l814.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"flumen","lemma":"flumen","morphology":"noun, accusative singular neuter","role":"object","gloss":"river"},{"surface":"agit","lemma":"ago","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"drives"},{"surface":"fessos","lemma":"fessus","morphology":"adjective, accusative plural masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"worn-out"},{"surface":"quatit","lemma":"quatio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular present indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"shakes"},{"surface":"aeger","lemma":"aeger","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"sick"},{"surface":"anhelitus","lemma":"anhelitus","morphology":"noun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"panting"},{"surface":"artus","lemma":"artus","morphology":"noun, accusative plural masculine","role":"object","gloss":"limbs"}]},{"number":815,"label":"815","id":"b9-l815","source":"Tum demum praeceps saltu sese omnibus armis","translation":"Then at last, headlong, at a leap, he gave himself with all his armor","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l815.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tum","lemma":"tum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"demum","lemma":"demum","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the verb","gloss":"at last"},{"surface":"praeceps","lemma":"praeceps","morphology":"adjective, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"headlong"},{"surface":"saltu","lemma":"saltus","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"at a leap"},{"surface":"sese","lemma":"sui","morphology":"pronoun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"omnibus","lemma":"omnis","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural neuter","role":"modifier","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"armis","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, ablative plural neuter","role":"adverbial","gloss":"with armor"}]},{"number":816,"label":"816","id":"b9-l816","source":"in fluvium dedit: ille suo cum gurgite flavo","translation":"into the river: and it took him as he came, in its own yellow flood,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l816.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"fluvium","lemma":"fluuius","morphology":"noun, accusative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"the river"},{"surface":"dedit","lemma":"do","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"gave"},{"surface":"ille","lemma":"ille","morphology":"pronoun, nominative singular masculine","role":"subject","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"suo","lemma":"suus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"his own"},{"surface":"cum","lemma":"cum","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs its object","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"gurgite","lemma":"gurges","morphology":"noun, ablative singular masculine","role":"object of preposition","gloss":"flood"},{"surface":"flavo","lemma":"flauus","morphology":"adjective, ablative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"yellow"}]},{"number":817,"label":"817","id":"b9-l817","source":"accepit venientem ac mollibus extulit undis","translation":"and lifted him out on gentle waves","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l817.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"accepit","lemma":"accipio","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"took"},{"surface":"venientem","lemma":"uenio","morphology":"participle, present active accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"coming"},{"surface":"ac","lemma":"ac","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"mollibus","lemma":"mollis","morphology":"adjective, ablative plural feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"gentle"},{"surface":"extulit","lemma":"effero","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"lifted out, raised"},{"surface":"undis","lemma":"unda","morphology":"noun, ablative plural feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"waves"}]},{"number":818,"label":"818","id":"b9-l818","source":"et laetum sociis abluta caede remisit.","translation":"and gave him back, the killing washed off him, glad, to his companions.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/aeneid/b9-l818.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"laetum","lemma":"laetus","morphology":"adjective, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifier","gloss":"glad, joyful"},{"surface":"sociis","lemma":"socius","morphology":"noun, dative plural masculine","role":"indirect object","gloss":"companions"},{"surface":"abluta","lemma":"abluo","morphology":"participle, perfect passive ablative singular feminine","role":"modifier","gloss":"having been washed away"},{"surface":"caede","lemma":"caedes","morphology":"noun, ablative singular feminine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"killing"},{"surface":"remisit","lemma":"remitto","morphology":"verb, 3rd singular perfect indicative active","role":"main verb","gloss":"sent back"}]}]}