{"work":{"slug":"arlt","title":{"source":"Los siete locos","translated":"The Seven Madmen"},"author":"Roberto Arlt","language":"Spanish","languageCode":"es","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/arlt"},"unit":{"kind":"chapter","number":null,"id":"la-bofetada","title":{"source":"La bofetada","translated":"The Slap"},"section":"Part One","summary":null,"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/arlt/la-bofetada","lines":275},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/books/arlt/capas-de-oscuridad","next":"https://1732studios.com/books/arlt/ser-a-traves-de-un-crimen","license":"Source text: public domain (Roberto Arlt, d. 1942). English translation: © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC — original draft, pending editorial review. NOTE: this is a minimal seed excerpt to make the app target runnable; full verified content is authored through the content pipeline.","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/","lines":[{"number":1,"label":"1","id":"la-bofetada-p1-s1","source":"De pronto alguien se detuvo frente a la puerta de calle.","translation":"Suddenly someone stopped in front of the street door.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p1-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se detuvo","title":"Pronominal «detenerse»","body":"«Detenerse» ('to stop, to halt') is the pronominal form of «detener» ('to stop something / someone'). The reflexive pronoun «se» turns the action inward: the person stops himself. «Se detuvo» is the preterite — one completed action."}],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"heads the phrase de pronto, modifies detuvo","gloss":"Suddenly","note":"«De pronto» is a fixed phrase meaning 'suddenly, all at once.'"},{"surface":"pronto","lemma":"pronto","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase De","gloss":"suddenly"},{"surface":"alguien","lemma":"alguien","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of detuvo","gloss":"someone"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of detuvo (detenerse)","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"detuvo","lemma":"detener","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stopped"},{"surface":"frente","lemma":"frente","morphology":"adverb","role":"heads the phrase frente a, preposition marking puerta","gloss":"in front"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase frente","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of puerta","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"puerta","lemma":"puerta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of detuvo","gloss":"door"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking calle","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"calle","lemma":"calle","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies puerta","gloss":"street"}]},{"number":2,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p1-s2","source":"Erdosain comprendió que era él y saltó de la cama.","translation":"Erdosain understood that it was him and leapt out of bed.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p1-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of comprendió","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"comprendió","lemma":"comprender","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"understood"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of él","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"era","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to él","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, singular","role":"clausal complement of comprendió","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"saltó","lemma":"saltar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with comprendió","gloss":"leapt"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cama","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cama","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cama","lemma":"cama","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of saltó","gloss":"bed"}]},{"number":3,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p1-s3","source":"Como de costumbre Barsut golpeaba tratando de no hacer ruido.","translation":"As usual Barsut was knocking, trying not to make noise.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p1-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Como de costumbre","title":"«como de costumbre»","body":"A fixed phrase meaning 'as usual', 'as is his custom'. «Costumbre» is 'habit / custom'; the whole expression flags a recurring, habitual action — which is why the verb «golpeaba» is imperfect, a repeated past gesture."}],"words":[{"surface":"Como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of golpeaba (como de costumbre)","gloss":"As"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking costumbre","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"costumbre","lemma":"costumbre","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of golpeaba","gloss":"usual","note":"'Como de costumbre' is a fixed idiom meaning 'as usual.'"},{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of golpeaba","gloss":"Barsut"},{"surface":"golpeaba","lemma":"golpear","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was knocking"},{"surface":"tratando","lemma":"tratar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"complement of golpeaba","gloss":"trying"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of hacer","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hacer","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"hacer","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of tratando","gloss":"make"},{"surface":"ruido","lemma":"ruido","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of hacer","gloss":"noise"}]},{"number":4,"label":"2","id":"la-bofetada-p2-s1","source":"Enronquecida la voz, Erdosain le gritó:","translation":"His voice gone hoarse, Erdosain shouted at him:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p2-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Enronquecida la voz","title":"Fronted participle phrase","body":"«Enronquecida la voz» is an absolute construction: a past participle ('made hoarse') placed before its noun ('the voice'), with no verb. It compresses 'with his voice gone hoarse' into three words — a literary way to set a condition before the main clause."}],"words":[{"surface":"Enronquecida","lemma":"enronquecer","morphology":"verb, past, participle, feminine, singular","role":"absolute participial clause, modifies voz","gloss":"gone hoarse"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of voz","gloss":"the","note":"Spanish uses the definite article where English uses a possessive here: 'la voz' = 'his voice.'"},{"surface":"voz","lemma":"voz","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of Enronquecida","gloss":"voice"},{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of gritó","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of gritó","gloss":"at him"},{"surface":"gritó","lemma":"gritar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"shouted"}]},{"number":5,"label":"3","id":"la-bofetada-p3-s1","source":"–Entra: ¿qué haces que no entras?","translation":"\"Come in — what are you doing that you don't come in?\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p3-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Entra","lemma":"entrar","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"Come in"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of haces","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"haces","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the question","gloss":"are you doing"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of entras","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies entras","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"entras","lemma":"entrar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of haces","gloss":"come in"}]},{"number":6,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p3-s2","source":"Cargando el cuerpo sobre los talones entró Barsut.","translation":"Throwing his weight back onto his heels, Barsut came in.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p3-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Cargando el cuerpo","title":"Gerund of manner","body":"«Cargando» is a gerund ('-ing' form) describing how the subject enters: 'loading / throwing his body onto his heels'. The gerund clause comes first and the verb «entró» follows its subject «Barsut» — a common Spanish word order."}],"words":[{"surface":"Cargando","lemma":"cargar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on entró","gloss":"Throwing"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cuerpo","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"cuerpo","lemma":"cuerpo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of Cargando","gloss":"weight"},{"surface":"sobre","lemma":"sobre","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking talones","gloss":"onto"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of talones","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"talones","lemma":"talón","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies cuerpo","gloss":"heels"},{"surface":"entró","lemma":"entrar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"came in"},{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of entró","gloss":"Barsut"}]},{"number":7,"label":"4","id":"la-bofetada-p4-s1","source":"–Ahora voy –le gritó Remo mientras el otro entraba al comedor.","translation":"\"I'm coming now,\" Remo shouted at him while the other went into the dining room.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p4-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ahora","lemma":"ahora","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies voy","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"voy","lemma":"ir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of gritó","gloss":"I'm coming"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of gritó","gloss":"at him"},{"surface":"gritó","lemma":"gritar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"shouted"},{"surface":"Remo","lemma":"Remo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of gritó","gloss":"Remo"},{"surface":"mientras","lemma":"mientras","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of entraba","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of otro","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"otro","lemma":"otro","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of entraba","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"entraba","lemma":"entrar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on gritó","gloss":"went in"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking comedor","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"comedor","lemma":"comedor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of entraba","gloss":"dining room"}]},{"number":8,"label":"5","id":"la-bofetada-p5-s1","source":"Y cuando entró, ya Barsut se había sentado, cruzándose de piernas, dando, como de costumbre, la espalda a la puerta y el perfil en dirección al ángulo sudeste de la pieza.","translation":"And when he came in, Barsut had already sat down, crossing his legs, turning, as usual, his back to the door and his profile toward the southeast corner of the room.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p5-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se había sentado","title":"Pluperfect","body":"«Se había sentado» ('had sat down') is the pluperfect: «había» (imperfect of «haber») plus a past participle. It marks an action already finished before the moment of «entró» — Barsut was already seated by the time Erdosain came in."}],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links to the previous sentence","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"cuando","lemma":"cuando","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of entró","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"entró","lemma":"entrar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on sentado","gloss":"he came in"},{"surface":"ya","lemma":"ya","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sentado","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of sentado","gloss":"Barsut"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of sentado (sentarse)","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"había","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of sentado","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"sentado","lemma":"sentar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sat down"},{"surface":"cruzándose","lemma":"cruzar","morphology":"verb, gerund, reflexive","role":"adverbial clause on sentado","gloss":"crossing"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking piernas (idiom cruzarse de piernas)","gloss":"(idiom marker)","note":"'Cruzarse de piernas' is a fixed idiom meaning 'to cross one's legs.'"},{"surface":"piernas","lemma":"pierna","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of cruzándose","gloss":"legs"},{"surface":"dando","lemma":"dar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on sentado, parallel to cruzándose","gloss":"turning"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the phrase de costumbre","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking costumbre","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"costumbre","lemma":"costumbre","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies dando","gloss":"usual","note":"'Como de costumbre' is a fixed idiom meaning 'as usual.'"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of espalda","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"espalda","lemma":"espalda","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of dando","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking puerta","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of puerta","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"puerta","lemma":"puerta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of dando","gloss":"door"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of perfil","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"perfil","lemma":"perfil","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with espalda","gloss":"profile"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"heads the phrase en dirección a, preposition marking ángulo","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"dirección","lemma":"dirección","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"part of the phrase en","gloss":"direction"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ángulo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ángulo","lemma":"ángulo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies perfil (object of en dirección a)","gloss":"corner"},{"surface":"sudeste","lemma":"sudeste","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies ángulo","gloss":"southeast"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pieza","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of pieza","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"pieza","lemma":"pieza","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies ángulo","gloss":"room"}]},{"number":9,"label":"6","id":"la-bofetada-p6-s1","source":"–¿Qué haces?","translation":"\"What are you doing?\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p6-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of haces","gloss":"What"},{"surface":"haces","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"are you doing"}]},{"number":10,"label":"7","id":"la-bofetada-p7-s1","source":"–¿Cómo te va?","translation":"\"How's it going?\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p7-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"¿Cómo te va?","title":"Impersonal «irle a alguien»","body":"«¿Cómo te va?» literally is 'How does it go for you?' — an idiomatic greeting using «ir» ('to go') impersonally with the indirect-object pronoun «te». It is the everyday equivalent of 'How are you?'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Cómo","lemma":"cómo","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of va","gloss":"How"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of va","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"va","lemma":"ir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is going"}]},{"number":11,"label":"8","id":"la-bofetada-p8-s1","source":"Cargaba el codo en la orilla de la mesa, pues apoyaba la mejilla en la barba y la luz ponía una rojidez de cobre en la blanca carnosidad de la mano.","translation":"He rested his elbow on the edge of the table, for he was propping his cheek on his chin, and the light cast a copper redness over the white fleshiness of his hand.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p8-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"pues","title":"«pues» as 'for / since'","body":"Here «pues» introduces a reason: 'for', 'because', 'since'. It links the posture to its cause — he leans his elbow on the table because he is propping up his cheek."}],"words":[{"surface":"Cargaba","lemma":"cargar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"rested"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of codo","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"codo","lemma":"codo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of Cargaba","gloss":"elbow"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking orilla","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of orilla","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"orilla","lemma":"orilla","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of Cargaba","gloss":"edge"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mesa","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mesa","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mesa","lemma":"mesa","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies orilla","gloss":"table"},{"surface":"pues","lemma":"pues","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of apoyaba","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"apoyaba","lemma":"apoyar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on Cargaba","gloss":"was propping"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mejilla","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"mejilla","lemma":"mejilla","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of apoyaba","gloss":"cheek"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking barba","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of barba","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"barba","lemma":"barba","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of apoyaba","gloss":"chin"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of luz","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"luz","lemma":"luz","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of ponía","gloss":"light"},{"surface":"ponía","lemma":"poner","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with apoyaba","gloss":"cast"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of rojidez","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"rojidez","lemma":"rojidez","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of ponía","gloss":"redness"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cobre","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"cobre","lemma":"cobre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies rojidez","gloss":"copper"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking carnosidad","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of carnosidad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"blanca","lemma":"blanco","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies carnosidad","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"carnosidad","lemma":"carnosidad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of ponía","gloss":"fleshiness"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mano","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mano","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"mano","lemma":"mano","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies carnosidad","gloss":"hand"}]},{"number":12,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p8-s2","source":"Bajo las cejas, alargadas hacia las sienes, sus ojos verdes atemperaban la dura vidriosidad en una temperatura de pregunta.","translation":"Beneath his eyebrows, drawn out toward his temples, his green eyes softened their hard glassiness into a questioning warmth.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p8-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Bajo","lemma":"bajo","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cejas","gloss":"Beneath"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of cejas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cejas","lemma":"ceja","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of atemperaban","gloss":"eyebrows"},{"surface":"alargadas","lemma":"alargado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies cejas","gloss":"drawn out"},{"surface":"hacia","lemma":"hacia","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sienes","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of sienes","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sienes","lemma":"sien","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of alargadas","gloss":"temples"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of ojos","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"ojos","lemma":"ojo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of atemperaban","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"verdes","lemma":"verde","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies ojos","gloss":"green"},{"surface":"atemperaban","lemma":"atemperar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"softened"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of vidriosidad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"dura","lemma":"duro","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies vidriosidad","gloss":"hard"},{"surface":"vidriosidad","lemma":"vidriosidad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of atemperaban","gloss":"glassiness"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking temperatura","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of temperatura","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"temperatura","lemma":"temperatura","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of atemperaban","gloss":"warmth"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pregunta","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"pregunta","lemma":"pregunta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies temperatura","gloss":"questioning","note":"Used adjectivally here ('questioning warmth'), not as the noun 'question.'"}]},{"number":13,"label":"9","id":"la-bofetada-p9-s1","source":"Y Erdosain distinguía su semblante como a través de una neblina de luces titilantes en lo alto, la frente huida con las sienes hacia las orejas puntiagudas, la huesuda nariz de ave carnicera, el mentón chato para soportar tremendos golpes y el prolijo nudo de la corbata negra arrancando del cuello almidonado.","translation":"And Erdosain made out his face as if through a mist of lights flickering overhead — the receding forehead with the temples sloping toward the pointed ears, the bony beak of a bird of prey, the flat chin built to take tremendous blows, and the neat knot of the black tie rising from the starched collar.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p9-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ave carnicera","title":"«ave carnicera»","body":"An «ave carnicera» is a bird of prey, a raptor — literally a 'butcher bird'. Arlt uses it to give Barsut a predatory, carrion-eating cast; the whole face is described as a hunting bird's."}],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies distinguía","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of distinguía","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"distinguía","lemma":"distinguir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"made out"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of semblante","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"semblante","lemma":"semblante","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of distinguía","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the comparison (como a través de = as if through)","gloss":"as if"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase a través de","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"través","lemma":"través","morphology":"noun","role":"part of the phrase a través de","gloss":"through","note":"a través de is a fixed compound preposition meaning 'through.'"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase a través de","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of neblina","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"neblina","lemma":"neblina","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of distinguía","gloss":"mist"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking luces","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"luces","lemma":"luz","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies neblina","gloss":"lights"},{"surface":"titilantes","lemma":"titilante","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies luces","gloss":"flickering"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking alto","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"lo","morphology":"article, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of alto","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"alto","lemma":"alto","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies luces (en lo alto = overhead)","gloss":"overhead","note":"en lo alto is an idiom meaning 'up above, overhead.'"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of frente","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"frente","lemma":"frente","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"in apposition to semblante","gloss":"forehead"},{"surface":"huida","lemma":"huido","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies frente","gloss":"receding"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sienes","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of sienes","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sienes","lemma":"sien","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies huida","gloss":"temples"},{"surface":"hacia","lemma":"hacia","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking orejas","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of orejas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"orejas","lemma":"oreja","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies sienes (hacia las orejas = toward the ears)","gloss":"ears"},{"surface":"puntiagudas","lemma":"puntiaguda","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies orejas","gloss":"pointed"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of nariz","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"huesuda","lemma":"huesudo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies nariz","gloss":"bony"},{"surface":"nariz","lemma":"nariz","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"in apposition to semblante","gloss":"beak"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ave","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"ave","lemma":"ave","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies nariz","gloss":"bird"},{"surface":"carnicera","lemma":"carnicero","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies ave","gloss":"of prey"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of mentón","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mentón","lemma":"mentón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition to semblante","gloss":"chin"},{"surface":"chato","lemma":"chato","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies mentón","gloss":"flat"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of soportar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"soportar","lemma":"soportar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clause modifying mentón","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"tremendos","lemma":"tremendo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies golpes","gloss":"tremendous"},{"surface":"golpes","lemma":"golpe","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of soportar","gloss":"blows"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of nudo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"prolijo","lemma":"prolijo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies nudo","gloss":"neat"},{"surface":"nudo","lemma":"nudo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with mentón (further apposition to semblante)","gloss":"knot"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking corbata","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of corbata","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"corbata","lemma":"corbata","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies nudo","gloss":"tie"},{"surface":"negra","lemma":"negro","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies corbata","gloss":"black"},{"surface":"arrancando","lemma":"arrancar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"modifies nudo (arrancando del cuello = rising from the collar)","gloss":"rising"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cuello","gloss":"from the"},{"surface":"cuello","lemma":"cuello","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of arrancando","gloss":"collar"},{"surface":"almidonado","lemma":"almidonado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies cuello","gloss":"starched"}]},{"number":14,"label":"10","id":"la-bofetada-p10-s1","source":"Torpe el timbre de voz, el otro preguntó:","translation":"His tone of voice clumsy, the other asked:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p10-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Torpe","lemma":"torpe","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"absolute construction describing timbre (Torpe el timbre de voz = his tone of voice clumsy)","gloss":"Clumsy"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of timbre","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"timbre","lemma":"timbre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the absolute phrase, described by Torpe","gloss":"tone"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking voz","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"voz","lemma":"voz","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies timbre","gloss":"voice"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of otro","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"otro","lemma":"otro","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of preguntó","gloss":"the other"},{"surface":"preguntó","lemma":"preguntar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"asked"}]},{"number":15,"label":"11","id":"la-bofetada-p11-s1","source":"–¿Y Elsa?","translation":"\"And Elsa?\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p11-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies Elsa","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"Elsa","lemma":"Elsa","morphology":"proper noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Elsa"}]},{"number":16,"label":"12","id":"la-bofetada-p12-s1","source":"Erdosain recobró la lucidez de su entendimiento.","translation":"Erdosain recovered the lucidity of his mind.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p12-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of recobró","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"recobró","lemma":"recobrar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"recovered"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of lucidez","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"lucidez","lemma":"lucidez","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of recobró","gloss":"lucidity"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking entendimiento","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of entendimiento","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"entendimiento","lemma":"entendimiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies lucidez","gloss":"mind"}]},{"number":17,"label":"13","id":"la-bofetada-p13-s1","source":"–Salió.","translation":"\"She went out.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p13-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Salió","lemma":"salir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went out"}]},{"number":18,"label":"14","id":"la-bofetada-p14-s1","source":"–Ah...","translation":"\"Ah...\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p14-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ah","lemma":"Ah","morphology":"interjection","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Ah"}]},{"number":19,"label":"15","id":"la-bofetada-p15-s1","source":"Callaron y Erdosain se quedó contemplando el ángulo recto que formaba la manga gris del saco en la blanca orilla de la mesa, y la mejilla que iluminaba la lámpara con un rojo de cobre hasta el dorso de la nariz, mientras que la otra mitad del rostro permanecía, desde la raíz de los cabellos hasta el hoyuelo del mentón, en una oscuridad donde la ojera ahondaba un cuévano de sombra.","translation":"They fell silent, and Erdosain sat staring at the right angle the gray sleeve of the jacket made against the white edge of the table, and at the cheek the lamp lit with a copper red as far as the bridge of the nose, while the other half of the face remained, from the hairline to the dimple of the chin, in a darkness where the dark circle under his eye hollowed out a basket of shadow.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p15-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se quedó contemplando","title":"«quedarse» + gerund","body":"«Quedarse» ('to remain / to stay') followed by a gerund means to keep on doing something or be left doing it: «se quedó contemplando» = 'he stayed there gazing', 'he was left staring'. It stresses a lingering, absorbed state."}],"words":[{"surface":"Callaron","lemma":"callar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence, coordinated with quedó","gloss":"fell silent"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of quedó","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of quedó","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"quedó","lemma":"quedar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with Callaron","gloss":"stayed"},{"surface":"contemplando","lemma":"contemplar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"verbal complement of quedó (quedó contemplando = kept/sat staring)","gloss":"staring at"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ángulo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ángulo","lemma":"ángulo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of contemplando","gloss":"angle"},{"surface":"recto","lemma":"recto","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies ángulo","gloss":"right"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of formaba","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"formaba","lemma":"formar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying ángulo","gloss":"formed"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of manga","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"manga","lemma":"manga","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of formaba","gloss":"sleeve"},{"surface":"gris","lemma":"gris","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies manga","gloss":"gray"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking saco","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"saco","lemma":"saco","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies manga","gloss":"jacket"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking orilla","gloss":"against"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of orilla","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"blanca","lemma":"blanco","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies orilla","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"orilla","lemma":"orilla","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of formaba","gloss":"edge"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mesa","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mesa","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mesa","lemma":"mesa","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies orilla","gloss":"table"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mejilla","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mejilla","lemma":"mejilla","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of contemplando, coordinated with ángulo","gloss":"cheek"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of iluminaba","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"iluminaba","lemma":"iluminar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying mejilla","gloss":"lit"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of lámpara","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"lámpara","lemma":"lámpara","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of iluminaba","gloss":"lamp"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rojo","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of rojo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"rojo","lemma":"rojo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of iluminaba","gloss":"red"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cobre","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"cobre","lemma":"cobre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies rojo","gloss":"copper"},{"surface":"hasta","lemma":"hasta","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dorso","gloss":"as far as"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of dorso","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"dorso","lemma":"dorso","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of iluminaba","gloss":"bridge"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nariz","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of nariz","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"nariz","lemma":"nariz","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies dorso","gloss":"nose"},{"surface":"mientras","lemma":"mientras","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces a clause coordinated with quedó (mientras que = while)","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase mientras","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mitad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"otra","lemma":"otro","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mitad","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"mitad","lemma":"mitad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of permanecía","gloss":"half"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rostro","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"rostro","lemma":"rostro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies mitad","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"permanecía","lemma":"permanecer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the mientras clause","gloss":"remained"},{"surface":"desde","lemma":"desde","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking raíz","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of raíz","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"raíz","lemma":"raíz","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of permanecía","gloss":"root"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cabellos","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of cabellos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cabellos","lemma":"cabello","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies raíz","gloss":"hair"},{"surface":"hasta","lemma":"hasta","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hoyuelo","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hoyuelo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hoyuelo","lemma":"hoyuelo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of permanecía","gloss":"dimple"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mentón","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"mentón","lemma":"mentón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies hoyuelo","gloss":"chin"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking oscuridad","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of oscuridad","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"oscuridad","lemma":"oscuridad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of permanecía","gloss":"darkness"},{"surface":"donde","lemma":"donde","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of ahondaba","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of ojera","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ojera","lemma":"ojera","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of ahondaba","gloss":"dark circle"},{"surface":"ahondaba","lemma":"ahondar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying oscuridad","gloss":"hollowed"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cuévano","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"cuévano","lemma":"cuévano","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of ahondaba","gloss":"basket"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sombra","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"sombra","lemma":"sombra","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies cuévano","gloss":"shadow"}]},{"number":20,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p15-s2","source":"Barsut movía lentamente una pierna cruzada sobre otra.","translation":"Barsut slowly swung one leg crossed over the other.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p15-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of movía","gloss":"Barsut"},{"surface":"movía","lemma":"mover","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"swung"},{"surface":"lentamente","lemma":"lentamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies movía","gloss":"slowly"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of pierna","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"pierna","lemma":"pierna","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of movía","gloss":"leg"},{"surface":"cruzada","lemma":"cruzado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies pierna","gloss":"crossed"},{"surface":"sobre","lemma":"sobre","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking otra","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"otra","lemma":"otro","morphology":"pronoun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies pierna","gloss":"the other"}]},{"number":21,"label":"16","id":"la-bofetada-p16-s1","source":"–¡Ah! –escuchó Erdosain y preguntó–: ¿Qué decís?","translation":"\"Ah!\" Erdosain heard, and he asked: \"What are you saying?\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p16-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"decís","title":"«vos» form «decís»","body":"«Decís» is the «voseo» form of «decir» for the pronoun «vos», standard in Buenos Aires speech where other dialects use «tú dices». Throughout the dialogue the characters address each other with «vos» rather than «tú»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ah","lemma":"Ah","morphology":"interjection","role":"depends on escuchó","gloss":"Ah"},{"surface":"escuchó","lemma":"escuchar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of escuchó","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"preguntó","lemma":"preguntar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with escuchó","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"Qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of decís","gloss":"What"},{"surface":"decís","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of preguntó","gloss":"are you saying","note":"Voseo present tense (vos decís) — Rioplatense 'you' form, not first-person."}]},{"number":22,"label":"17","id":"la-bofetada-p17-s1","source":"Es que Erdosain había escuchado aquel «ah» pronunciado unos segundos antes, recién ahora.","translation":"The thing was that Erdosain had heard that \"ah\", uttered a few seconds earlier, only just now.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p17-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"recién","title":"«recién» = 'just now'","body":"In River Plate Spanish «recién» means 'just now', 'only now', often standing alone with a verb: «recién ahora» = 'only just now'. Elsewhere «recién» usually needs a following participle ('recently arrived'); here it works like an adverb of time on its own."}],"words":[{"surface":"Es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is","note":"'Es que...' is a fixed idiom ('the thing is/was that...'); rendered in the past to match the narration."},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of escuchado","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of escuchado","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"había","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of escuchado","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"escuchado","lemma":"escuchar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"clausal complement of Es","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"aquel","lemma":"aquel","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ah","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ah","lemma":"ah","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of escuchado","gloss":"ah"},{"surface":"pronunciado","lemma":"pronunciado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies ah","gloss":"uttered"},{"surface":"unos","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of segundos","gloss":"a few"},{"surface":"segundos","lemma":"segundo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"adverbial complement of pronunciado (time expression: unos segundos antes)","gloss":"seconds"},{"surface":"antes","lemma":"antes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies segundos","gloss":"earlier"},{"surface":"recién","lemma":"recién","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ahora","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"ahora","lemma":"ahora","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies escuchado","gloss":"now"}]},{"number":23,"label":"18","id":"la-bofetada-p18-s1","source":"–¿Salió Elsa?...","translation":"\"Did Elsa go out?...\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p18-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Salió","lemma":"salir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went out"},{"surface":"Elsa","lemma":"Elsa","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of Salió","gloss":"Elsa"}]},{"number":24,"label":"19","id":"la-bofetada-p19-s1","source":"Barsut enderezó la cabeza, sus cejas se levantaron para dejar entrar más luz a los párpados, y con los labios ligeramente entreabiertos, sopló:","translation":"Barsut straightened his head, his eyebrows lifted to let more light into his eyelids, and with his lips slightly parted, he breathed out:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p19-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of enderezó","gloss":"Barsut"},{"surface":"enderezó","lemma":"enderezar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"straightened"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cabeza","gloss":"his","note":"Spanish uses the definite article, not a possessive, for body parts here."},{"surface":"cabeza","lemma":"cabeza","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of enderezó","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of cejas","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"cejas","lemma":"ceja","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of levantaron","gloss":"eyebrows"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of levantaron","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"levantaron","lemma":"levantar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with enderezó","gloss":"lifted"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of dejar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"dejar","lemma":"dejar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on levantaron","gloss":"let"},{"surface":"entrar","lemma":"entrar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of dejar","gloss":"enter"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies luz","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"luz","lemma":"luz","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of entrar","gloss":"light"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking párpados","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of párpados","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"párpados","lemma":"párpado","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"object of the preposition a (destination of entrar)","gloss":"eyelids"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking labios","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of labios","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"labios","lemma":"labio","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of sopló","gloss":"lips"},{"surface":"ligeramente","lemma":"ligeramente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies entreabiertos","gloss":"slightly"},{"surface":"entreabiertos","lemma":"entreabierto","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies labios","gloss":"parted"},{"surface":"sopló","lemma":"soplar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with levantaron","gloss":"breathed out"}]},{"number":25,"label":"20","id":"la-bofetada-p20-s1","source":"–¿Se fue?","translation":"\"She's gone?\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p20-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Se fue","title":"Pronominal «irse»","body":"«Irse» ('to leave / to go away') is the pronominal form of «ir». The «se» adds the sense of departing for good. «Se fue» ('she left / she's gone') carries a finality that plain «fue» would not."}],"words":[{"surface":"Se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of fue (irse)","gloss":"herself"},{"surface":"fue","lemma":"ir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"gone","note":"From irse ('to leave'), not from ser ('to be')."}]},{"number":26,"label":"21","id":"la-bofetada-p21-s1","source":"Erdosain arrugó el ceño, examinó al soslayo los zapatos del otro, y entrecerrando los párpados, espiando con esa mirada filtrada a través de las pestañas la angustia de Barsut, dejó caer lentamente:","translation":"Erdosain knit his brow, examined the other man's shoes out of the corner of his eye, and half closing his lids, spying on Barsut's anguish with that gaze filtered through his lashes, slowly let fall:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p21-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"al soslayo","title":"«al soslayo»","body":"«Al soslayo» (also «de soslayo») means 'sidelong', 'out of the corner of one's eye', 'askance'. It paints a furtive, slanting look — exactly the wary watching of this scene."}],"words":[{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of arrugó","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"arrugó","lemma":"arrugar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"knit"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ceño","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"ceño","lemma":"ceño","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of arrugó","gloss":"brow"},{"surface":"examinó","lemma":"examinar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with arrugó","gloss":"examined"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking soslayo","gloss":"sideways"},{"surface":"soslayo","lemma":"soslayo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of the preposition al (idiom: al soslayo = out of the corner of one's eye)","gloss":"sideways","note":"al soslayo is a fixed idiom meaning 'out of the corner of one's eye, sidelong.'"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of zapatos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"zapatos","lemma":"zapato","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of examinó","gloss":"shoes"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking otro","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"otro","lemma":"otro","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies zapatos","gloss":"other man"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"entrecerrando","lemma":"entrecerrar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"coordinated with examinó","gloss":"half closing"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of párpados","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"párpados","lemma":"párpado","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of entrecerrando","gloss":"lids"},{"surface":"espiando","lemma":"espiar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on entrecerrando","gloss":"spying"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mirada","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"esa","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mirada","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"mirada","lemma":"mirada","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of espiando","gloss":"gaze"},{"surface":"filtrada","lemma":"filtrado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies mirada","gloss":"filtered"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase a través de","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"través","lemma":"través","morphology":"noun","role":"part of the phrase a través de","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase a través de","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of pestañas","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"pestañas","lemma":"pestaña","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of filtrada","gloss":"lashes"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of angustia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"angustia","lemma":"angustia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of espiando","gloss":"anguish"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Barsut","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies angustia","gloss":"Barsut's"},{"surface":"dejó","lemma":"dejar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with arrugó","gloss":"let"},{"surface":"caer","lemma":"caer","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of dejó","gloss":"fall"},{"surface":"lentamente","lemma":"lentamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dejó","gloss":"slowly"}]},{"number":27,"label":"22","id":"la-bofetada-p22-s1","source":"–Sí... se... fue... con... un... hombre...","translation":"\"Yes... she... went off... with... a... man...\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p22-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sí","lemma":"sí","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Yes"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of fue (irse)","gloss":"herself"},{"surface":"fue","lemma":"ir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went off","note":"From irse ('to go away'), not from ser ('to be')."},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hombre","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hombre","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of the preposition con","gloss":"man"}]},{"number":28,"label":"23","id":"la-bofetada-p23-s1","source":"Y guiñando el párpado izquierdo como el farmacéutico Ergueta, inclinó la cabeza.","translation":"And winking his left eyelid like Ergueta the pharmacist, he bowed his head.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p23-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"guiñando","lemma":"guiñar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on inclinó","gloss":"winking"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of párpado","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"párpado","lemma":"párpado","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of guiñando","gloss":"eyelid"},{"surface":"izquierdo","lemma":"izquierdo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies párpado","gloss":"left"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of farmacéutico","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of farmacéutico","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"farmacéutico","lemma":"farmacéutico","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of guiñando","gloss":"pharmacist"},{"surface":"Ergueta","lemma":"Ergueta","morphology":"proper noun","role":"in apposition to farmacéutico","gloss":"Ergueta"},{"surface":"inclinó","lemma":"inclinar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"bowed"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cabeza","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"cabeza","lemma":"cabeza","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of inclinó","gloss":"head"}]},{"number":29,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p23-s2","source":"Bajo la bronceada raya de sus cejas, fieramente aguardaban sus pupilas.","translation":"Beneath the bronzed line of his eyebrows, his pupils waited fiercely.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p23-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Bajo","lemma":"bajo","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking raya","gloss":"Beneath"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of raya","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"bronceada","lemma":"bronceado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies raya","gloss":"bronzed"},{"surface":"raya","lemma":"raya","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of aguardaban","gloss":"line"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cejas","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of cejas","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"cejas","lemma":"ceja","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies raya","gloss":"eyebrows"},{"surface":"fieramente","lemma":"fieramente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies aguardaban","gloss":"fiercely"},{"surface":"aguardaban","lemma":"aguardar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"waited"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of pupilas","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"pupilas","lemma":"pupila","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of aguardaban","gloss":"pupils"}]},{"number":30,"label":"24","id":"la-bofetada-p24-s1","source":"Erdosain continuó:","translation":"Erdosain went on:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p24-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of continuó","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"continuó","lemma":"continuar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went on"}]},{"number":31,"label":"25","id":"la-bofetada-p25-s1","source":"–¿Ves?","translation":"\"You see?\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p25-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ves","lemma":"ver","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"see"}]},{"number":32,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p25-s2","source":"Allí está el revólver.","translation":"There's the revolver.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p25-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Allí","lemma":"allí","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"There"},{"surface":"está","lemma":"estar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to Allí","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of revólver","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"revólver","lemma":"revólver","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of está","gloss":"revolver"}]},{"number":33,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p25-s3","source":"Los pude matar y sin embargo no lo hice.","translation":"I could have killed them and yet I didn't do it.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p25-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Los pude matar","title":"Object pronoun before «poder»","body":"When a verb like «poder» is followed by an infinitive, an object pronoun may climb in front of the conjugated verb: «los pude matar» = «pude matarlos» ('I could kill them'). Both placements are correct; fronting the pronoun is common in speech."}],"words":[{"surface":"Los","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of matar","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"pude","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of matar","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"matar","lemma":"matar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"kill"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the idiom sin embargo (yet/however), modifies hice","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"embargo","lemma":"embargo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"part of the idiom sin embargo","gloss":"yet","note":"sin embargo is a fixed phrase meaning 'however/nevertheless'; embargo here is unrelated to a legal embargo."},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hice","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of hice","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"hice","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with matar","gloss":"did"}]},{"number":34,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p25-s4","source":"Qué curioso animal es el hombre, ¿no?","translation":"What a curious animal man is, isn't he?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p25-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of animal","gloss":"What"},{"surface":"curioso","lemma":"curioso","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies animal","gloss":"curious"},{"surface":"animal","lemma":"animal","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate noun of es (fronted)","gloss":"animal"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking hombre to animal","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hombre","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"tag question (¿no? = isn't that so?)","gloss":"isn't he"}]},{"number":35,"label":"26","id":"la-bofetada-p26-s1","source":"–¿Y vos te dejaste llevar la mujer en tus barbas?","translation":"\"And you let your wife be carried off right under your nose?\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p26-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"en tus barbas","title":"«en las barbas de alguien»","body":"The idiom «en las barbas de alguien» (literally 'in someone's beard') means 'right in front of them', 'to their face', 'under their very nose'. Here «en tus barbas» sharpens the insult: it happened where Erdosain could see."}],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the question (connects to the prior remark)","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of dejaste","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of dejaste","gloss":"from you"},{"surface":"dejaste","lemma":"dejar","morphology":"verb, preterite, indicative, second-person, singular (voseo)","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"let","note":"\"dejarse llevar algo\" is a rioplatense idiom meaning to let something be taken from you — here, his wife was taken right in front of him."},{"surface":"llevar","lemma":"llevar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of dejaste","gloss":"be carried off"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mujer","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mujer","lemma":"mujer","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of llevar","gloss":"wife","note":"\"la mujer\" = \"your wife\" — Spanish often uses the definite article instead of a possessive for family members in colloquial speech."},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking barbas","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"tus","lemma":"tu","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of barbas","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"barbas","lemma":"barba","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of llevar","gloss":"nose","note":"\"en tus barbas\" literally \"in your beard(s)\" is an idiom for \"right under your nose.\""}]},{"number":36,"label":"27","id":"la-bofetada-p27-s1","source":"En Erdosain el odio antiguo exasperado por la humillación reciente se convertía ahora en un motivo de júbilo cruel y con la voz temblorosa en la garganta, reseca la boca de rencor, exclamó:","translation":"In Erdosain the old hatred, exasperated by the recent humiliation, was now turning into a cause for cruel joy, and with his voice trembling in his throat, his mouth dry with rancor, he exclaimed:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p27-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se convertía","title":"«convertirse en»","body":"The pronominal «convertirse en» means 'to turn into / become': «se convertía en un motivo de júbilo» = 'was turning into a cause for joy'. The imperfect «convertía» shows the change as an ongoing process, not a finished event."}],"words":[{"surface":"En","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Erdosain","gloss":"In"},{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of convertía","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of odio","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"odio","lemma":"odio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of convertía","gloss":"hatred"},{"surface":"antiguo","lemma":"antiguo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies odio","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"exasperado","lemma":"exasperado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies odio","gloss":"exasperated"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking humillación","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of humillación","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"humillación","lemma":"humillación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of por (agent of exasperado)","gloss":"humiliation"},{"surface":"reciente","lemma":"reciente","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies humillación","gloss":"recent"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive/inchoative particle of convertía","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"convertía","lemma":"convertir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"turning into"},{"surface":"ahora","lemma":"ahora","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies convertía","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking motivo","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of motivo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"motivo","lemma":"motivo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of convertía","gloss":"cause"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking júbilo","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"júbilo","lemma":"júbilo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"complement of de, modifying motivo","gloss":"joy"},{"surface":"cruel","lemma":"cruel","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies júbilo","gloss":"cruel"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking voz","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of voz","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"voz","lemma":"voz","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of exclamó (manner: with trembling voice)","gloss":"voice"},{"surface":"temblorosa","lemma":"tembloroso","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies voz","gloss":"trembling"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking garganta","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of garganta","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"garganta","lemma":"garganta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of temblorosa","gloss":"throat"},{"surface":"reseca","lemma":"reseco","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies boca (absolute construction)","gloss":"dry"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of boca","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"boca","lemma":"boca","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of reseca (absolute clause)","gloss":"mouth"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rencor","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"rencor","lemma":"rencor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"complement of de, modifying reseca","gloss":"rancor"},{"surface":"exclamó","lemma":"exclamar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"second main verb of the sentence, coordinated with convertía (subject: Erdosain)","gloss":"exclaimed"}]},{"number":37,"label":"28","id":"la-bofetada-p28-s1","source":"–¿Qué te interesa a vos?","translation":"\"What's it to you?\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p28-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of interesa","gloss":"What"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of interesa","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"interesa","lemma":"interesar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"interests"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vos","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, prepositional, singular","role":"object of preposition a (emphatic doubling of te)","gloss":"you","note":"\"a vos\" here doubles \"te\" for emphasis, a common Rioplatense pattern — not a separate object."}]},{"number":38,"label":"29","id":"la-bofetada-p29-s1","source":"Una enorme bofetada lo hizo trastabillar sobre la silla.","translation":"An enormous slap sent him reeling in the chair.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p29-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"bofetada","title":"«bofetada»","body":"A «bofetada» is a hard open-handed blow to the face, a slap. It gives the chapter its title; this single slap is the pivot on which the whole scene — and Erdosain's resolve — turns."}],"words":[{"surface":"Una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of bofetada","gloss":"An"},{"surface":"enorme","lemma":"enorme","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies bofetada","gloss":"enormous"},{"surface":"bofetada","lemma":"bofetada","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of hizo","gloss":"slap"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of hizo","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"hizo","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"trastabillar","lemma":"trastabillar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of hizo","gloss":"reel"},{"surface":"sobre","lemma":"sobre","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking silla","gloss":"onto"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of silla","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"silla","lemma":"silla","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of hizo","gloss":"chair"}]},{"number":39,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p29-s2","source":"Más tarde recordó que el brazo de Barsut retrocedía y avanzaba amasando su carne.","translation":"Later he remembered that Barsut's arm drew back and came forward, kneading his flesh.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p29-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tarde","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"tarde","lemma":"tarde","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies recordó","gloss":"later"},{"surface":"recordó","lemma":"recordar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"remembered"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of retrocedía","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of brazo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"brazo","lemma":"brazo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of retrocedía","gloss":"arm"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Barsut","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies brazo","gloss":"Barsut"},{"surface":"retrocedía","lemma":"retroceder","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of recordó","gloss":"drew back"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"avanzaba","lemma":"avanzar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with retrocedía","gloss":"came forward"},{"surface":"amasando","lemma":"amasar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"complement of avanzaba","gloss":"kneading"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of carne","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"carne","lemma":"carne","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of amasando","gloss":"flesh"}]},{"number":40,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p29-s3","source":"Se tapó el rostro con las dos manos, quiso escapar a esa mole que siempre avanzaba sobre él como una fuerza desencadenada de la naturaleza.","translation":"He covered his face with both hands, tried to escape that bulk that kept advancing on him like an unleashed force of nature.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p29-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of tapó (dative of possession)","gloss":"his own"},{"surface":"tapó","lemma":"tapar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"covered"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of rostro","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"rostro","lemma":"rostro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of tapó","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking manos","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of manos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"dos","lemma":"dos","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies manos","gloss":"both"},{"surface":"manos","lemma":"mano","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of tapó","gloss":"hands"},{"surface":"quiso","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"second main verb of the sentence (coordinated with tapó)","gloss":"tried"},{"surface":"escapar","lemma":"escapar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of quiso","gloss":"escape"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mole","gloss":"from","note":"\"escapar a algo\" means \"to escape FROM something,\" not \"to\" — a common false-friend trap."},{"surface":"esa","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mole","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"mole","lemma":"mole","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of escapar","gloss":"bulk"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of avanzaba","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"siempre","lemma":"siempre","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies avanzaba","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"avanzaba","lemma":"avanzar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the relative clause modifying mole","gloss":"kept advancing"},{"surface":"sobre","lemma":"sobre","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking él","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, prepositional, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of avanzaba","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces comparison phrase (fuerza)","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of fuerza","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"fuerza","lemma":"fuerza","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of como (comparison)","gloss":"force"},{"surface":"desencadenada","lemma":"desencadenado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies fuerza","gloss":"unleashed"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking naturaleza","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of naturaleza","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"naturaleza","lemma":"naturaleza","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"complement of de, modifying fuerza","gloss":"nature"}]},{"number":41,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p29-s4","source":"Su cabeza golpeó sordamente contra el muro y cayó.","translation":"His head struck dully against the wall and he fell.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p29-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of cabeza","gloss":"His"},{"surface":"cabeza","lemma":"cabeza","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of golpeó","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"golpeó","lemma":"golpear","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"struck"},{"surface":"sordamente","lemma":"sordamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies golpeó","gloss":"dully"},{"surface":"contra","lemma":"contra","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking muro","gloss":"against"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of muro","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"muro","lemma":"muro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of golpeó","gloss":"wall"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"cayó","lemma":"caer","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with golpeó","gloss":"fell"}]},{"number":42,"label":"30","id":"la-bofetada-p30-s1","source":"Cuando volvió en sí Barsut estaba arrodillado a su lado.","translation":"When he came to, Barsut was kneeling at his side.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p30-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"volvió en sí","title":"«volver en sí»","body":"The idiom «volver en sí» means 'to come to', 'to regain consciousness' (literally 'to return into oneself'). «Sí» here is the reflexive pronoun, not the word for 'yes'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Cuando","lemma":"cuando","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of volvió","gloss":"When"},{"surface":"volvió","lemma":"volver","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on estaba (main clause)","gloss":"came to","note":"\"volver en sí\" is an idiom meaning \"to come to / regain consciousness,\" literally \"to return to oneself.\""},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sí","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"sí","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, prepositional, reflexive, singular","role":"oblique complement of volvió","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of estaba (copula + arrodillado)","gloss":"Barsut"},{"surface":"estaba","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to arrodillado","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"arrodillado","lemma":"arrodillado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of estaba","gloss":"kneeling"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lado","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of lado","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"lado","lemma":"lado","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of arrodillado","gloss":"side"}]},{"number":43,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p30-s2","source":"Notó que tenía el cuello desprendido y unos hilos de agua le corrían hasta la garganta.","translation":"He noticed his collar had come undone and threads of water were running down to his throat.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p30-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Notó","lemma":"notar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"noticed"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tenía","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"tenía","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of Notó","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cuello","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cuello","lemma":"cuello","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of tenía","gloss":"collar"},{"surface":"desprendido","lemma":"desprendido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies cuello","gloss":"undone"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"unos","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of hilos","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"hilos","lemma":"hilo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of corrían","gloss":"threads"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking agua","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"agua","lemma":"agua","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"complement of de, modifying hilos","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of corrían","gloss":"to him"},{"surface":"corrían","lemma":"correr","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with Notó","gloss":"were running"},{"surface":"hasta","lemma":"hasta","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking garganta","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of garganta","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"garganta","lemma":"garganta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of corrían","gloss":"throat"}]},{"number":44,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p30-s3","source":"Desde el tabique nasal le subía por el hueso un dolor titilante, y a cada momento le parecía que iba a estornudar.","translation":"From the nasal septum a flickering pain climbed up the bone, and at every moment it seemed to him he was about to sneeze.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p30-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Desde","lemma":"desde","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tabique","gloss":"From"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of tabique","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tabique","lemma":"tabique","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of subía","gloss":"septum"},{"surface":"nasal","lemma":"nasal","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies tabique","gloss":"nasal"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of subía","gloss":"to him"},{"surface":"subía","lemma":"subir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"climbed up"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hueso","gloss":"along"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hueso","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hueso","lemma":"hueso","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of subía","gloss":"bone"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of dolor","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"dolor","lemma":"dolor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of subía","gloss":"pain"},{"surface":"titilante","lemma":"titilante","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies dolor","gloss":"flickering"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking momento","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"cada","lemma":"cada","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of momento","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"momento","lemma":"momento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of parecía","gloss":"moment"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of parecía","gloss":"to him"},{"surface":"parecía","lemma":"parecer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with subía","gloss":"seemed"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of estornudar","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"iba","lemma":"ir","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of estornudar (ir a + infinitive)","gloss":"was about to"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"links iba to estornudar (ir a + infinitive)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"estornudar","lemma":"estornudar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of iba (ir a + infinitive)","gloss":"sneeze"}]},{"number":45,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p30-s4","source":"Las encías le sangraban lentamente y bajo la inflamación de los labios se notaba la superficie dentaria.","translation":"His gums were bleeding slowly, and beneath the swelling of his lips the surface of his teeth showed.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p30-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of encías","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"encías","lemma":"encía","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of sangraban","gloss":"gums"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of sangraban","gloss":"to him"},{"surface":"sangraban","lemma":"sangrar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"were bleeding"},{"surface":"lentamente","lemma":"lentamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sangraban","gloss":"slowly"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bajo","lemma":"bajo","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking inflamación","gloss":"beneath"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of inflamación","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"inflamación","lemma":"inflamación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of bajo (preposition)","gloss":"swelling"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking labios","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of labios","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"labios","lemma":"labio","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies inflamación","gloss":"lips"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"impersonal/passive particle of notaba","gloss":"was","note":"\"se notaba\" is an impersonal/passive construction — literally \"was noticed,\" i.e., \"was visible / showed.\""},{"surface":"notaba","lemma":"notar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"second main verb of the sentence (coordinated with sangraban)","gloss":"showed"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of superficie","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"superficie","lemma":"superficie","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of notaba","gloss":"surface"},{"surface":"dentaria","lemma":"dentario","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies superficie","gloss":"dental"}]},{"number":46,"label":"31","id":"la-bofetada-p31-s1","source":"Erdosain se levantó trabajosamente y cayó sobre una silla; Barsut estaba tan pálido que dos llamas parecían escapar de sus ojos.","translation":"Erdosain got up with effort and dropped onto a chair; Barsut was so pale that two flames seemed to escape from his eyes.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p31-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of levantó","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of levantó","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"levantó","lemma":"levantar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"got up"},{"surface":"trabajosamente","lemma":"trabajosamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies levantó","gloss":"with effort"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"cayó","lemma":"caer","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with levantó","gloss":"dropped"},{"surface":"sobre","lemma":"sobre","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking silla","gloss":"onto"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of silla","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"silla","lemma":"silla","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of cayó","gloss":"chair"},{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of estaba (copula + pálido)","gloss":"Barsut"},{"surface":"estaba","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to pálido","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"tan","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies pálido","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"pálido","lemma":"pálido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of estaba","gloss":"pale"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of parecían","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"dos","lemma":"dos","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies llamas","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"llamas","lemma":"llama","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of parecían","gloss":"flames"},{"surface":"parecían","lemma":"parecer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the result clause (tan...que construction)","gloss":"seemed"},{"surface":"escapar","lemma":"escapar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of parecían","gloss":"escape"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ojos","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of ojos","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"ojos","lemma":"ojo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of escapar","gloss":"eyes"}]},{"number":47,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p31-s2","source":"De los pómulos a las orejas, haces de músculos trazaban dos arcos temblorosos.","translation":"From the cheekbones to the ears, bundles of muscle traced two trembling arcs.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p31-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pómulos","gloss":"From"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of pómulos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"pómulos","lemma":"pómulo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"object of preposition De","gloss":"cheekbones"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking orejas","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of orejas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"orejas","lemma":"oreja","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"object of preposition a","gloss":"ears"},{"surface":"haces","lemma":"haz","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of trazaban","gloss":"bundles","note":"The parser tagged this as the verb \"hacer\" (you make), but here \"haces\" is the plural of the noun \"haz\" (bundle/sheaf) — \"haces de músculos\" = \"bundles of muscle.\""},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking músculos","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"músculos","lemma":"músculo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"object of preposition de, modifying haces","gloss":"muscles"},{"surface":"trazaban","lemma":"trazar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"traced"},{"surface":"dos","lemma":"dos","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies arcos","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"arcos","lemma":"arco","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of trazaban","gloss":"arcs"},{"surface":"temblorosos","lemma":"tembloroso","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies arcos","gloss":"trembling"}]},{"number":48,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p31-s3","source":"Erdosain tenía la sensación de bambolearse en un sueño interminable, pero comprendió cuando el otro lo tomó del brazo, diciéndole:","translation":"Erdosain had the sensation of swaying in an endless dream, but he understood when the other took him by the arm, saying:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p31-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"lo tomó del brazo","title":"Article for body parts","body":"Spanish uses the definite article, not a possessive, for body parts: «lo tomó del brazo» = 'took him by the arm'. The person affected is marked by the object pronoun «lo» ('him'), and «del brazo» says where."}],"words":[{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of tenía","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"tenía","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of sensación","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sensación","lemma":"sensación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of tenía","gloss":"sensation"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of bambolearse","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"bambolearse","lemma":"bambolear","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clause modifying sensación","gloss":"swaying"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sueño","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of sueño","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"sueño","lemma":"sueño","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of bambolearse","gloss":"dream"},{"surface":"interminable","lemma":"interminable","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies sueño","gloss":"endless"},{"surface":"pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"comprendió","lemma":"comprender","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with tenía","gloss":"understood"},{"surface":"cuando","lemma":"cuando","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tomó","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of otro","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"otro","lemma":"otro","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of tomó","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of tomó","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"tomó","lemma":"tomar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of comprendió","gloss":"took"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking brazo","gloss":"by the"},{"surface":"brazo","lemma":"brazo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of tomó","gloss":"arm"},{"surface":"diciéndole","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"gerund clause of manner, coordinated with tomó (saying to him)","gloss":"saying to him"}]},{"number":49,"label":"32","id":"la-bofetada-p32-s1","source":"–Mirá, escupime a la cara, si querés, pero déjame hablar.","translation":"\"Look, spit in my face if you want, but let me talk.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p32-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Mirá / escupime / querés","title":"«Voseo» imperatives","body":"«Mirá» ('look') and «escupime» ('spit at me') are «vos» commands, stressed on the last syllable, and «querés» ('you want') is the «vos» present — all marks of porteño speech. Compare standard «mira», «escúpeme», «quieres»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Mirá","lemma":"mirar","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"imperative verb, addresses the listener","gloss":"Look"},{"surface":"escupime","lemma":"escupir","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"spit on me"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cara","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cara","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cara","lemma":"cara","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"complement of a, target of escupime","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of querés","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"querés","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"conditional clause modifying the request","gloss":"want"},{"surface":"pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"déjame","lemma":"dejar","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"let me","note":"\"déjame\" is the tú-form imperative; the expected voseo form would be \"dejame\" — Arlt's prose mixes both registers."},{"surface":"hablar","lemma":"hablar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of déjame","gloss":"talk"}]},{"number":50,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p32-s2","source":"Es necesario que te cuente todo.","translation":"I have to tell you everything.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p32-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"que te cuente","title":"Subjunctive after «es necesario que»","body":"Impersonal expressions of necessity like «es necesario que» trigger the subjunctive in the clause that follows: «que te cuente» ('that I tell you'). «Cuente» is the present subjunctive of «contar» — the rule recurs each time Barsut says this line."}],"words":[{"surface":"Es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to necesario","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"necesario","lemma":"necesario","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"necessary"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of cuente","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of cuente","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"cuente","lemma":"contar","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, first-person, singular","role":"depends on necesario","gloss":"tell","note":"Subjunctive \"cuente\" is identical for yo and él/ella; context (Erdosain explaining himself) makes this first-person: \"that I tell you.\""},{"surface":"todo","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of cuente","gloss":"everything"}]},{"number":51,"label":"33","id":"la-bofetada-p33-s1","source":"Sentáte... así, ahí. –Erdosain se había levantado inconscientemente–. Oíme, hacé el favor.","translation":"Sit down... like that, there.\" Erdosain had risen without realizing it. \"Hear me out, do me the favor.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p33-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Sentáte / Oíme / hacé","title":"More «voseo» commands","body":"«Sentáte» ('sit down'), «oíme» ('listen to me') and «hacé» ('do') are again «vos» imperatives, accented on the final stem syllable. The standard forms would be «siéntate», «óyeme», «haz»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Sentáte","lemma":"sentarse","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"Sit down"},{"surface":"así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Sentáte","gloss":"like that"},{"surface":"ahí","lemma":"ahí","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Sentáte","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of había levantado","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of levantado","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"había","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of levantado","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"levantado","lemma":"levantar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"risen"},{"surface":"inconscientemente","lemma":"inconscientemente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies levantado","gloss":"without realizing"},{"surface":"Oíme","lemma":"oír","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"imperative verb, coordinated with hacé","gloss":"Hear me out"},{"surface":"hacé","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of favor","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"favor","lemma":"favor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of hacé","gloss":"favor"}]},{"number":52,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p33-s2","source":"Vos ves ¿no?","translation":"You see, don't you?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p33-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of ves","gloss":"You"},{"surface":"ves","lemma":"ver","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ves","gloss":"right?","note":"\"¿no?\" is a tag question here, equivalent to English \"don't you?\"/\"right?\""}]},{"number":53,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p33-s3","source":"Yo puedo matarte a trompadas... recién se me fue la mano... te juro... si querés te pido perdón de rodillas.","translation":"I could beat you to death with my fists... my hand just got away from me... I swear... if you want I'll beg your forgiveness on my knees.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p33-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"se me fue la mano","title":"«irse la mano»","body":"The idiom «írsele la mano a alguien» means 'to overdo it', 'to go too far' — literally 'the hand got away from one'. «Recién se me fue la mano» = 'I just lost control / went too far'. It is Barsut's half-apology for the blow."}],"words":[{"surface":"Yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of puedo","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"puedo","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of matarte","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"matarte","lemma":"matar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"kill you"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking trompadas","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"trompadas","lemma":"trompada","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"object of preposition a (instrument of matarte)","gloss":"punches"},{"surface":"recién","lemma":"recién","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fue","gloss":"just now"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of fue (irse = get away)","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of fue (dative of the affected person)","gloss":"from me"},{"surface":"fue","lemma":"ir","morphology":"verb, preterite, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the clause (irse = got away)","gloss":"got away","note":"\"se me fue la mano\" is an idiom meaning to lose control of one's hand / hit harder than intended — literally \"the hand got away from me.\""},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mano","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mano","lemma":"mano","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of fue","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of juro","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"juro","lemma":"jurar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the clause (I swear)","gloss":"swear"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of querés","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"querés","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on pido","gloss":"want"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of pido","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"pido","lemma":"pedir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the clause (I ask/beg)","gloss":"beg"},{"surface":"perdón","lemma":"perdón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of pido","gloss":"forgiveness"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rodillas","gloss":"on","note":"\"de rodillas\" is a fixed phrase meaning \"on one's knees / kneeling.\""},{"surface":"rodillas","lemma":"rodilla","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"object of de (modifies pido — on one's knees)","gloss":"knees"}]},{"number":54,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p33-s4","source":"Qué querés, soy así.","translation":"What do you want, I'm like this.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p33-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of querés","gloss":"What"},{"surface":"querés","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"want"},{"surface":"soy","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"copula linking to así","gloss":"am"},{"surface":"así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb","role":"predicate complement of soy","gloss":"like this"}]},{"number":55,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p33-s5","source":"Mirá... ah... ah... si la gente supiera.","translation":"Look... ah... ah... if people only knew.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p33-s5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"si la gente supiera","title":"Imperfect subjunctive in «si» clauses","body":"«Supiera» is the imperfect subjunctive of «saber», used after «si» for a hypothetical, contrary-to-fact condition: «si la gente supiera» = 'if people knew (but they don't)'. The trailing clause is left unsaid, deepening the hint."}],"words":[{"surface":"Mirá","lemma":"mirar","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"imperative verb, addresses the listener","gloss":"Look"},{"surface":"ah","lemma":"ah","morphology":"interjection","role":"interjection (exclamation)","gloss":"ah"},{"surface":"ah","lemma":"ah","morphology":"interjection","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"ah"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of supiera","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of gente","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"gente","lemma":"gente","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of supiera","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"supiera","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"verb of the conditional clause (elliptical exclamation)","gloss":"knew"}]},{"number":56,"label":"34","id":"la-bofetada-p34-s1","source":"Erdosain escupió sangre.","translation":"Erdosain spat blood.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p34-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of escupió","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"escupió","lemma":"escupir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"spat"},{"surface":"sangre","lemma":"sangre","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of escupió","gloss":"blood"}]},{"number":57,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p34-s2","source":"Una franja de temperatura le abrazaba la frente entrándole por las sienes y yéndole a punzar hasta la nuca.","translation":"A band of heat gripped his forehead, entering at the temples and going on to stab as far as the nape of his neck.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p34-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of franja","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"franja","lemma":"franja","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of abrazaba","gloss":"band"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking temperatura","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"temperatura","lemma":"temperatura","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies franja","gloss":"heat"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of abrazaba (possession)","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"abrazaba","lemma":"abrazar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"gripped"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of frente","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"frente","lemma":"frente","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of abrazaba","gloss":"forehead"},{"surface":"entrándole","lemma":"entrar él","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on abrazaba","gloss":"entering"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sienes","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of sienes","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sienes","lemma":"sien","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of abrazaba","gloss":"temples"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"yéndole","lemma":"ir él","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"coordinated with entrándole","gloss":"going on"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of punzar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"punzar","lemma":"punzar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of yéndole","gloss":"stab"},{"surface":"hasta","lemma":"hasta","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nuca","gloss":"as far as"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of nuca","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"nuca","lemma":"nuca","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of punzar","gloss":"nape of the neck"}]},{"number":58,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p34-s3","source":"La espalda se le encorvó tanto que dejó apoyada la cabeza en la orilla de la mesa.","translation":"His back stooped so far that he left his head resting on the edge of the table.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p34-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"La","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of espalda","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"espalda","lemma":"espalda","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of encorvó","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of encorvó","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of encorvó (possession)","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"encorvó","lemma":"encorvar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stooped"},{"surface":"tanto","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies encorvó","gloss":"so much"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of dejó","gloss":"that","note":"correlative 'tanto...que' = 'so much that'"},{"surface":"dejó","lemma":"dejar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"result clause on encorvó","gloss":"left"},{"surface":"apoyada","lemma":"apoyado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"predicate complement of dejó","gloss":"resting"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cabeza","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cabeza","lemma":"cabeza","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of dejó","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking orilla","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of orilla","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"orilla","lemma":"orilla","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of dejó","gloss":"edge"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mesa","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mesa","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mesa","lemma":"mesa","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies orilla","gloss":"table"}]},{"number":59,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p34-s4","source":"Barsut, al verle así, le preguntó:","translation":"Barsut, seeing him like that, asked him:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p34-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"al verle así","title":"«Al» + infinitive","body":"«Al» followed by an infinitive means 'on / upon (doing something)': «al verle así» = 'on seeing him like that', 'when he saw him that way'. The pronoun «le» ('him') attaches to the infinitive «ver»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of preguntó","gloss":"Barsut"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of verle","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"verle","lemma":"ver él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on preguntó","gloss":"seeing him"},{"surface":"así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies verle","gloss":"like that"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of preguntó","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"preguntó","lemma":"preguntar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"asked"}]},{"number":60,"label":"35","id":"la-bofetada-p35-s1","source":"–¿Querés lavarte la cara?","translation":"\"Do you want to wash your face?\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p35-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Querés","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"want"},{"surface":"lavarte","lemma":"lavar tú","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of Querés","gloss":"wash your"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cara","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cara","lemma":"cara","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of lavarte","gloss":"face"}]},{"number":61,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p35-s2","source":"Te va a hacer bien.","translation":"It'll do you good.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p35-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of hacer","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"va","lemma":"ir","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of hacer","gloss":"is going to"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of hacer","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"hacer","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"bien","lemma":"bien","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hacer","gloss":"good"}]},{"number":62,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p35-s3","source":"Espera un momento, no salgas.– Y corrió hacia la cocina, de donde volvió con la palangana llena de agua–. Lávate.","translation":"Wait a moment, don't go out.\" And he ran toward the kitchen, from which he came back with the basin full of water. \"Wash up.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p35-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"no salgas","title":"Negative command (subjunctive)","body":"Negative commands use the present subjunctive: «no salgas» ('don't go out'), from «salir». Note Barsut slips out of «voseo» here into the «tú» forms «espera», «lávate» — Arlt lets the spoken register drift."}],"words":[{"surface":"Espera","lemma":"esperar","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"wait"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of momento","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"momento","lemma":"momento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of Espera","gloss":"moment"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies salgas","gloss":"don't"},{"surface":"salgas","lemma":"salir","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, second-person, singular","role":"coordinated with Espera","gloss":"go out"},{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"corrió","lemma":"correr","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"ran"},{"surface":"hacia","lemma":"hacia","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cocina","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cocina","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cocina","lemma":"cocina","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of corrió","gloss":"kitchen"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking donde","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"donde","lemma":"donde","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of volvió","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"volvió","lemma":"volver","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying cocina","gloss":"came back"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking palangana","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of palangana","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"palangana","lemma":"palangana","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of volvió","gloss":"basin"},{"surface":"llena","lemma":"lleno","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies palangana","gloss":"full"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking agua","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"agua","lemma":"agua","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies llena","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"Lávate","lemma":"lavar tú","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"wash up"}]},{"number":63,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p35-s4","source":"Eso te va a hacer bien.","translation":"That'll do you good.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p35-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Eso","lemma":"ese","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of va","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of hacer","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"va","lemma":"ir","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of hacer","gloss":"is going to"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of hacer","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"hacer","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"bien","lemma":"bien","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hacer","gloss":"good"}]},{"number":64,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p35-s5","source":"¿Querés que te friccione?","translation":"Do you want me to rub you down?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p35-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Querés","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"want"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of friccione","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of friccione","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"friccione","lemma":"friccionar","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, first-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of Querés","gloss":"rub down"}]},{"number":65,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p35-s6","source":"Mirá, perdóname, fue un impulso.","translation":"Look, forgive me, it was an impulse.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p35-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Mirá","lemma":"mirar","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"look"},{"surface":"perdóname","lemma":"perdonar yo","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"forgive me"},{"surface":"fue","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to impulso","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of impulso","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"impulso","lemma":"impulso","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of fue","gloss":"impulse"}]},{"number":66,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p35-s7","source":"Vos, también, ¿por qué guiñaste un ojo como burlándote?","translation":"And you, too — why did you wink an eye as if mocking me?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p35-s7.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"como burlándote","title":"«como» + gerund","body":"«Como» before a gerund means 'as if (doing)': «como burlándote» = 'as if mocking', 'as though making fun'. The gerund «burlándote» comes from the pronominal verb «burlarse de» ('to mock / make fun of')."}],"words":[{"surface":"Vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of guiñaste","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"también","lemma":"también","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies guiñaste","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking qué","gloss":"why"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"part of the phrase por","gloss":"why"},{"surface":"guiñaste","lemma":"guiñar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"winked"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ojo","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"ojo","lemma":"ojo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of guiñaste","gloss":"eye"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of burlándote","gloss":"as if"},{"surface":"burlándote","lemma":"burlar tú","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on guiñaste","gloss":"mocking"}]},{"number":67,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p35-s8","source":"Lávate, haceme el favor.","translation":"Wash up, do me the favor.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p35-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Lávate","lemma":"lavar tú","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"wash up"},{"surface":"haceme","lemma":"hacer yo","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"do me"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of favor","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"favor","lemma":"favor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of haceme","gloss":"favor"}]},{"number":68,"label":"36","id":"la-bofetada-p36-s1","source":"Erdosain, en silencio, se levantó y sumergió varias veces la cara en la palangana.","translation":"Erdosain, in silence, stood up and plunged his face several times into the basin.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p36-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of levantó","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking silencio","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"silencio","lemma":"silencio","morphology":"noun","role":"part of the phrase en","gloss":"silence"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of levantó","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"levantó","lemma":"levantar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stood up"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sumergió","lemma":"sumergir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with levantó","gloss":"plunged"},{"surface":"varias","lemma":"varios","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of veces","gloss":"several"},{"surface":"veces","lemma":"vez","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of sumergió","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cara","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cara","lemma":"cara","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of sumergió","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking palangana","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of palangana","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"palangana","lemma":"palangana","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of sumergió","gloss":"basin"}]},{"number":69,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p36-s2","source":"Cuando le faltaba la respiración retiraba el rostro de la superficie del agua.","translation":"When his breath ran short he would lift his face from the surface of the water.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p36-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"faltaba / retiraba","title":"Imperfect for repeated action","body":"Both verbs are imperfect because the action is habitual and repeated: each time «le faltaba la respiración» ('his breath ran short') he «retiraba el rostro» ('would lift his face'). The imperfect renders English 'would' / 'used to'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Cuando","lemma":"cuando","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of faltaba","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of faltaba","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"faltaba","lemma":"faltar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on retiraba","gloss":"ran short"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of respiración","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"respiración","lemma":"respiración","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of faltaba","gloss":"breath"},{"surface":"retiraba","lemma":"retirar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"would lift"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of rostro","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"rostro","lemma":"rostro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of retiraba","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking superficie","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of superficie","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"superficie","lemma":"superficie","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of retiraba","gloss":"surface"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking agua","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"agua","lemma":"agua","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies superficie","gloss":"water"}]},{"number":70,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p36-s3","source":"Luego se sentó y el aire le evaporaba la humedad de los cabellos, junto a las sienes.","translation":"Then he sat down and the air dried the dampness from his hair, beside his temples.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p36-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Luego","lemma":"luego","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sentó","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of sentó","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"sentó","lemma":"sentar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sat down"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of aire","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"aire","lemma":"aire","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of evaporaba","gloss":"air"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of evaporaba","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"evaporaba","lemma":"evaporar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with sentó","gloss":"dried"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of humedad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"humedad","lemma":"humedad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of evaporaba","gloss":"dampness"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cabellos","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of cabellos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cabellos","lemma":"cabello","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies humedad","gloss":"hair"},{"surface":"junto","lemma":"junto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies evaporaba","gloss":"beside","note":"'junto a' together mean 'beside/next to'"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase junto","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of sienes","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sienes","lemma":"sien","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of evaporaba","gloss":"temples"}]},{"number":71,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p36-s4","source":"¡Qué cansado estaba!","translation":"How tired he was!","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p36-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of cansado","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"cansado","lemma":"cansado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"tired"},{"surface":"estaba","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to cansado","gloss":"was"}]},{"number":72,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p36-s5","source":"¡Ah, si lo viera Elsa!","translation":"Ah, if only Elsa could see him!","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p36-s5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"si lo viera Elsa","title":"Imperfect subjunctive wish","body":"«Viera» is the imperfect subjunctive of «ver». After «si» it forms a wistful, unreal wish: «¡si lo viera Elsa!» = 'if only Elsa could see him!' — something he longs for but knows will not happen."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ah","lemma":"ah","morphology":"interjection","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"ah"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of viera","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of viera","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"viera","lemma":"ver","morphology":"verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"verb of the wish clause introduced by si","gloss":"could see"},{"surface":"Elsa","lemma":"Elsa","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of viera","gloss":"Elsa"}]},{"number":73,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p36-s6","source":"¡Cómo lo compadecería!","translation":"How she would pity him!","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p36-s6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"compadecería","title":"Conditional after a hypothesis","body":"«Compadecería» is the conditional of «compadecer» ('to pity'). It pairs with the previous imperfect-subjunctive wish: if she saw him, then she would pity him. The «-ría» ending marks the 'would' outcome of an unreal condition."}],"words":[{"surface":"Cómo","lemma":"cómo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies compadecería","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of compadecería","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"compadecería","lemma":"compadecer","morphology":"verb, conditional, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"would pity"}]},{"number":74,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p36-s7","source":"Cerró los ojos.","translation":"He closed his eyes.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p36-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Cerró","lemma":"cerrar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"closed"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of ojos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ojos","lemma":"ojo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of Cerró","gloss":"eyes"}]},{"number":75,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p36-s8","source":"Barsut arrimó la silla a su lado y dijo:","translation":"Barsut drew the chair up beside him and said:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p36-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of arrimó","gloss":"Barsut"},{"surface":"arrimó","lemma":"arrimar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"drew up"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of silla","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"silla","lemma":"silla","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of arrimó","gloss":"chair"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lado","gloss":"beside"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of lado","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"lado","lemma":"lado","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of arrimó","gloss":"side"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dijo","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with arrimó","gloss":"said"}]},{"number":76,"label":"37","id":"la-bofetada-p37-s1","source":"–Es necesario que te cuente todo.","translation":"\"I have to tell you everything.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p37-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to necesario","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"necesario","lemma":"necesario","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"necessary"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of cuente","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of cuente","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"cuente","lemma":"contar","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, first-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of necesario","gloss":"tell"},{"surface":"todo","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of cuente","gloss":"everything"}]},{"number":77,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p37-s2","source":"Si no lo hiciera me sentiría un canalla.","translation":"If I didn't, I'd feel like a scoundrel.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p37-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"canalla","title":"«canalla»","body":"A «canalla» is a scoundrel, a swine, a despicable person. It is a strong moral self-judgment; Barsut keeps reaching for words like this as he confesses his own treachery."}],"words":[{"surface":"Si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hiciera","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hiciera","gloss":"didn't"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of hiciera","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"hiciera","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, subjunctive, first-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on sentiría","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of sentiría","gloss":"myself"},{"surface":"sentiría","lemma":"sentir","morphology":"verb, conditional, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"would feel"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of canalla","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"canalla","lemma":"canalla","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of sentiría","gloss":"scoundrel"}]},{"number":78,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p37-s3","source":"Ya ves, te hablo tranquilo.","translation":"You see, I'm speaking to you calmly.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p37-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ya","lemma":"ya","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ves","gloss":"now","note":"'ya ves' is idiomatic for 'you see'"},{"surface":"ves","lemma":"ver","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of hablo","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"hablo","lemma":"hablar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the second clause","gloss":"am speaking"},{"surface":"tranquilo","lemma":"tranquilo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies hablo","gloss":"calmly"}]},{"number":79,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p37-s4","source":"Mirá, si no lo crees poneme la mano en el corazón.","translation":"Look, if you don't believe it, put your hand on my heart.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p37-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Mirá","lemma":"mirar","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"look"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of crees","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies crees","gloss":"don't"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of crees","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"crees","lemma":"creer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on poneme","gloss":"believe"},{"surface":"poneme","lemma":"poner yo","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"put"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mano","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mano","lemma":"mano","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of poneme","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking corazón","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of corazón","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"corazón","lemma":"corazón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of poneme","gloss":"heart"}]},{"number":80,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p37-s5","source":"Te soy sincero.","translation":"I'm being sincere with you.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p37-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of soy","gloss":"with you"},{"surface":"soy","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"copula linking to sincero","gloss":"am"},{"surface":"sincero","lemma":"sincero","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"sincere"}]},{"number":81,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p37-s6","source":"Bueno, yo... yo te... yo te denuncié a la Azucarera... yo fui el que mandó el anónimo.","translation":"Well, I... I... I reported you to the Sugar Company... I was the one who sent the anonymous letter.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p37-s6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"el anónimo","title":"«el anónimo»","body":"Used as a noun, «el anónimo» is 'the anonymous letter' — an unsigned denunciation. «Denunciar» means 'to report / inform on'. Barsut here confesses he is the one who turned Erdosain in to «la Azucarera», the Sugar Company."}],"words":[{"surface":"Bueno","lemma":"bueno","morphology":"interjection","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"false start (hesitation)","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"false start (hesitation)","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"false start (hesitation)","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of denuncié","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of denuncié","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"denuncié","lemma":"denunciar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"reported"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Azucarera","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of Azucarera","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Azucarera","lemma":"Azucarera","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of denuncié","gloss":"Sugar Company"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of fui","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"fui","lemma":"ser","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"part of the relative pronoun el que","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of mandó","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"mandó","lemma":"mandar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of fui","gloss":"sent"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of anónimo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"anónimo","lemma":"anónimo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of mandó","gloss":"anonymous letter"}]},{"number":82,"label":"38","id":"la-bofetada-p38-s1","source":"Erdosain ni levantó la cabeza.","translation":"Erdosain did not even lift his head.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p38-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ni levantó","title":"«ni» = 'not even'","body":"Before a verb, «ni» means 'not even': «ni levantó la cabeza» = 'he didn't even raise his head'. It is more emphatic than a plain «no», stressing how completely indifferent Erdosain has become."}],"words":[{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of levantó","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"ni","lemma":"ni","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies levantó","gloss":"not even"},{"surface":"levantó","lemma":"levantar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lifted"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cabeza","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cabeza","lemma":"cabeza","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of levantó","gloss":"head"}]},{"number":83,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p38-s2","source":"El u otro ¡qué importaba!","translation":"One or the other — what did it matter!","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p38-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"El u otro","title":"«o» becomes «u»","body":"The conjunction «o» ('or') changes to «u» before a word beginning with an o-sound: «el u otro» = 'one or the other'. The swap simply avoids two o-vowels colliding."}],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"one","note":"elliptical for 'el uno' ('the one'), paired with 'u otro'"},{"surface":"u","lemma":"o","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"otro","lemma":"otro","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"the other"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of importaba","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"importaba","lemma":"importar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the second exclamation","gloss":"mattered"}]},{"number":84,"label":"39","id":"la-bofetada-p39-s1","source":"Barsut lo miró: esperaba quién sabe qué palabras, y dijo:","translation":"Barsut looked at him: he was waiting for who knows what words, and said:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p39-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of miró","gloss":"Barsut"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of miró","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"miró","lemma":"mirar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"looked at"},{"surface":"esperaba","lemma":"esperar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the second clause","gloss":"was waiting for"},{"surface":"quién","lemma":"quién","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of sabe","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"sabe","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"direct object clause of esperaba","gloss":"knows"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of palabras","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"palabras","lemma":"palabra","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of sabe","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dijo","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with miró","gloss":"said"}]},{"number":85,"label":"40","id":"la-bofetada-p40-s1","source":"–¿Por qué no decís nada?","translation":"\"Why don't you say anything?\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p40-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking qué","gloss":"why"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"part of the phrase Por","gloss":"why"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies decís","gloss":"don't"},{"surface":"decís","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"say"},{"surface":"nada","lemma":"nada","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of decís","gloss":"anything"}]},{"number":86,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p40-s2","source":"Sí, yo te denuncié.","translation":"Yes, I reported you.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p40-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sí","lemma":"sí","morphology":"interjection","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"yes"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of denuncié","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of denuncié","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"denuncié","lemma":"denunciar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"reported"}]},{"number":87,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p40-s3","source":"¿Te das cuenta?","translation":"Do you realize?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p40-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"darse cuenta","title":"«darse cuenta (de)»","body":"The pronominal phrase «darse cuenta (de)» means 'to realize', 'to become aware (of)'. «¿Te das cuenta?» = 'Do you realize?' — a verbal tic Barsut repeats throughout the confession, demanding that Erdosain take it in."}],"words":[{"surface":"Te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of das","gloss":"yourself"},{"surface":"das","lemma":"dar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"give"},{"surface":"cuenta","lemma":"cuenta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"compound with das","gloss":"account","note":"'darse cuenta' idiomatically means 'to realize'"}]},{"number":88,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p40-s4","source":"Yo te denuncié.","translation":"I reported you.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p40-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of denuncié","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of denuncié","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"denuncié","lemma":"denunciar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"reported"}]},{"number":89,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p40-s5","source":"Quería hacerte meter preso, quedarme con Elsa, humillarla.","translation":"I wanted to get you thrown in jail, to keep Elsa for myself, to humiliate her.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p40-s5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"hacerte meter preso","title":"«meter preso»","body":"«Meter preso a alguien» means 'to have someone locked up / thrown in jail'. With «hacer» ('to make / cause'), «hacerte meter preso» = 'to get you put in prison' — a causative chain Spanish builds out of stacked verbs."}],"words":[{"surface":"Quería","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"wanted"},{"surface":"hacerte","lemma":"hacer tú","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of Quería","gloss":"get you"},{"surface":"meter","lemma":"meter","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of hacerte","gloss":"put"},{"surface":"preso","lemma":"preso","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of meter","gloss":"in jail"},{"surface":"quedarme","lemma":"quedar yo","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of Quería","gloss":"keep"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Elsa","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Elsa","lemma":"Elsa","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of quedarme","gloss":"Elsa"},{"surface":"humillarla","lemma":"humillar ella","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of Quería","gloss":"humiliate her"}]},{"number":90,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p40-s6","source":"¡No te imaginas las noches que he pasado pensando que te meterían preso!","translation":"You can't imagine the nights I've spent thinking they'd lock you up!","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p40-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"No","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies imaginas","gloss":"can't"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of imaginas","gloss":"yourself"},{"surface":"imaginas","lemma":"imaginar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"imagine"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of noches","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"noches","lemma":"noche","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of imaginas","gloss":"nights"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of pasado","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"he","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of pasado","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"pasado","lemma":"pasar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"clause modifying noches","gloss":"spent"},{"surface":"pensando","lemma":"pensar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on pasado","gloss":"thinking"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of meterían","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of meterían","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"meterían","lemma":"meter","morphology":"verb, conditional, third-person, plural","role":"clausal complement of pensando","gloss":"would put"},{"surface":"preso","lemma":"preso","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of meterían","gloss":"in jail"}]},{"number":91,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p40-s7","source":"Vos no tenías de dónde sacar la plata y forzosamente ellos te denunciarían.","translation":"You had nowhere to get the money from, and they were bound to report you.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p40-s7.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"la plata","title":"«la plata» = money","body":"In River Plate (and much of Latin American) Spanish, «la plata» — literally 'silver' — is the everyday word for money, where Spain would say «el dinero». It recurs whenever the embezzled sum comes up."}],"words":[{"surface":"Vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of tenías","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tenías","gloss":"didn't"},{"surface":"tenías","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of sacar","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"dónde","lemma":"dónde","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of sacar","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"sacar","lemma":"sacar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of tenías","gloss":"get"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of plata","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"plata","lemma":"plata","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of sacar","gloss":"money"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"forzosamente","lemma":"forzosamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies denunciarían","gloss":"inevitably"},{"surface":"ellos","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, masculine, plural","role":"subject of denunciarían","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of denunciarían","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"denunciarían","lemma":"denunciar","morphology":"verb, conditional, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with tenías","gloss":"would report"}]},{"number":92,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p40-s8","source":"¿Pero, por qué no decís nada?","translation":"But why don't you say anything?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p40-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies decís","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking qué","gloss":"why"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"part of the phrase por","gloss":"why"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies decís","gloss":"don't"},{"surface":"decís","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"say"},{"surface":"nada","lemma":"nada","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of decís","gloss":"anything"}]},{"number":93,"label":"41","id":"la-bofetada-p41-s1","source":"Erdosain levantó los párpados.","translation":"Erdosain lifted his eyelids.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p41-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of levantó","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"levantó","lemma":"levantar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lifted"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of párpados","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"párpados","lemma":"párpado","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of levantó","gloss":"eyelids"}]},{"number":94,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p41-s2","source":"Barsut estaba allí, sí, era él, y decía todas esas cosas.","translation":"Barsut was there, yes, it was him, and he was saying all those things.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p41-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of estaba","gloss":"Barsut"},{"surface":"estaba","lemma":"estar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"allí","lemma":"allí","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies estaba","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"sí","lemma":"sí","morphology":"interjection","role":"parenthetical affirmation","gloss":"yes","note":"sí (with accent) means 'yes'; distinct from si (no accent), meaning 'if.'"},{"surface":"era","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to él","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of era","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"decía","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with estaba","gloss":"was saying"},{"surface":"todas","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of esas","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"esas","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of cosas","gloss":"those"},{"surface":"cosas","lemma":"cosa","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of decía","gloss":"things"}]},{"number":95,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p41-s3","source":"De los pómulos a las orejas, bajo la piel, el reflejo de los músculos temblaba imperceptiblemente.","translation":"From the cheekbones to the ears, beneath the skin, the play of the muscles trembled imperceptibly.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p41-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pómulos","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of pómulos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"pómulos","lemma":"pómulo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of temblaba","gloss":"cheekbones"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking orejas","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of orejas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"orejas","lemma":"oreja","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of temblaba","gloss":"ears"},{"surface":"bajo","lemma":"bajo","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking piel","gloss":"beneath"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of piel","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"piel","lemma":"piel","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of temblaba","gloss":"skin"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of reflejo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"reflejo","lemma":"reflejo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of temblaba","gloss":"play","note":"reflejo literally means 'reflection/flicker'; rendered as 'play' for how the muscles showed through the skin."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking músculos","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of músculos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"músculos","lemma":"músculo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies reflejo","gloss":"muscles"},{"surface":"temblaba","lemma":"temblar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"trembled"},{"surface":"imperceptiblemente","lemma":"imperceptiblemente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies temblaba","gloss":"imperceptibly"}]},{"number":96,"label":"42","id":"la-bofetada-p42-s1","source":"Barsut bajó los ojos, apoyó los codos en las rodillas como si se encontrase frente a un fogón, y con voz lenta insistió:","translation":"Barsut lowered his eyes, propped his elbows on his knees as if he were sitting before a hearth, and in a slow voice insisted:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p42-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"como si se encontrase","title":"«como si» + imperfect subjunctive","body":"«Como si» ('as if') always takes the imperfect subjunctive: «como si se encontrase frente a un fogón» = 'as if he were before a hearth'. «Encontrase» is the imperfect subjunctive of «encontrarse» ('to find oneself / be')."}],"words":[{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of bajó","gloss":"Barsut"},{"surface":"bajó","lemma":"bajar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lowered"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of ojos","gloss":"the","note":"Spanish uses the definite article, not a possessive, for body parts (los ojos = 'his eyes')."},{"surface":"ojos","lemma":"ojo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of bajó","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"apoyó","lemma":"apoyar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with bajó","gloss":"propped"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of codos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"codos","lemma":"codo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of apoyó","gloss":"elbows"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rodillas","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of rodillas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"rodillas","lemma":"rodilla","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of apoyó","gloss":"knees"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of encontrase","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of encontrase","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"depends on encontrase","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"encontrase","lemma":"encontrar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on apoyó","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"frente","lemma":"frente","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies encontrase","gloss":"in front"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fogón","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of fogón","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"fogón","lemma":"fogón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of the preposition a","gloss":"hearth"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking voz","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"voz","lemma":"voz","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of insistió","gloss":"voice"},{"surface":"lenta","lemma":"lento","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies voz","gloss":"slow"},{"surface":"insistió","lemma":"insistir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with bajó","gloss":"insisted"}]},{"number":97,"label":"43","id":"la-bofetada-p43-s1","source":"–Es necesario que te cuente todo.","translation":"\"I have to tell you everything.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p43-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to necesario","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"necesario","lemma":"necesario","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"necessary"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of cuente","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of cuente","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"cuente","lemma":"contar","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, first-person, singular","role":"depends on necesario","gloss":"I tell"},{"surface":"todo","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of cuente","gloss":"everything"}]},{"number":98,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p43-s2","source":"¿A quién sino a vos le podría contar todas estas cosas que hacen doler el corazón?","translation":"To whom but you could I tell all these things that make the heart ache?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p43-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"sino","title":"«sino» = 'but / except'","body":"«Sino» introduces an exception after a negative or near-negative idea: «¿a quién sino a vos?» = 'to whom but / except you?'. Do not confuse it with «si no» (two words, 'if not')."}],"words":[{"surface":"A","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking quién","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"quién","lemma":"quién","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"indirect object of contar","gloss":"whom"},{"surface":"sino","lemma":"sino","morphology":"conjunction","role":"contrasts with quién","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vos","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, singular","role":"coordinated with quién","gloss":"you","note":"vos is the Rioplatense second-person singular pronoun, used instead of tú."},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of contar","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"podría","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, conditional, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of contar","gloss":"I could"},{"surface":"contar","lemma":"contar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"tell"},{"surface":"todas","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of estas","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"estas","lemma":"este","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of cosas","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"cosas","lemma":"cosa","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of contar","gloss":"things"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of hacen","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hacen","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"clause modifying cosas","gloss":"make"},{"surface":"doler","lemma":"doler","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of hacen","gloss":"ache"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of corazón","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"corazón","lemma":"corazón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of doler","gloss":"heart"}]},{"number":99,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p43-s3","source":"Dicen, y es cierto, que el corazón no duele, pero créelo, a momentos me digo:","translation":"They say, and it's true, that the heart doesn't ache, but believe it, at times I say to myself:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p43-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dicen","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"they say"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to cierto","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"cierto","lemma":"cierto","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with Dicen","gloss":"true"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of duele","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of corazón","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"corazón","lemma":"corazón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of duele","gloss":"heart"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies duele","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"duele","lemma":"doler","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on cierto","gloss":"aches"},{"surface":"pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"créelo","lemma":"creer","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"coordinated with duele","gloss":"believe it"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking momentos","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"momentos","lemma":"momento","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of digo","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular, reflexive","role":"indirect object of digo","gloss":"to myself"},{"surface":"digo","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with créelo","gloss":"I say"}]},{"number":100,"label":"44","id":"la-bofetada-p44-s1","source":"¿para qué vivir?","translation":"what's the point of living?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p44-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"¿para qué?","title":"«para qué» vs «por qué»","body":"«¿Para qué?» asks 'for what purpose / to what end?', while «¿por qué?» asks 'why / for what cause?'. «¿Para qué vivir?» = 'what is there to live for?' — a question of purpose, not of cause."}],"words":[{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking qué","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"oblique complement of vivir","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"vivir","lemma":"vivir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"living"}]},{"number":101,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p44-s2","source":"¿A dónde va la vida si yo soy así?","translation":"Where does life go if I'm like this?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p44-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"A","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dónde","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"dónde","lemma":"dónde","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of va","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"va","lemma":"ir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"goes"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of vida","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"vida","lemma":"vida","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of va","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of así","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of soy","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"soy","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"copula linking to así","gloss":"am"},{"surface":"así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial clause on va","gloss":"like this"}]},{"number":102,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p44-s3","source":"¿Te das cuenta?","translation":"Do you realize?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p44-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of das","gloss":"yourself"},{"surface":"das","lemma":"dar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"give"},{"surface":"cuenta","lemma":"cuenta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"compound with das","gloss":"account","note":"'darse cuenta' is an idiom meaning 'to realize' (literally 'to give oneself an account')."}]},{"number":103,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p44-s4","source":"Vos tenés que ver todo lo que he cavilado pensando estas cosas.","translation":"You have to see all I've brooded over thinking about these things.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p44-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"he cavilado","title":"«cavilar»","body":"«Cavilar» means to brood, to ruminate, to turn something over obsessively in the mind. It names exactly the anxious, circling thought that grips Arlt's characters; «lo que he cavilado» = 'all I've brooded over'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, singular","role":"subject of tenés","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"tenés","lemma":"tener","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"have","note":"tenés is the voseo present-tense form of tener, replacing tuteo tienes."},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the periphrasis tenés que","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ver","lemma":"ver","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"coordinated with tenés","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"todo","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of lo","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"part of the phrase lo que","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of cavilado","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"he","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of cavilado","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"cavilado","lemma":"cavilar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"clausal complement of ver","gloss":"brooded"},{"surface":"pensando","lemma":"pensar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"complement of cavilado","gloss":"thinking"},{"surface":"estas","lemma":"este","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of cosas","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"cosas","lemma":"cosa","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of pensando","gloss":"things"}]},{"number":104,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p44-s5","source":"Mirá, ni debía contártelas.","translation":"Look, I shouldn't even be telling them to you.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p44-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Mirá","lemma":"mirar","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"look"},{"surface":"ni","lemma":"ni","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"not even"},{"surface":"debía","lemma":"deber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of contártelas","gloss":"should"},{"surface":"contártelas","lemma":"contar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of debía","gloss":"tell them to you"}]},{"number":105,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p44-s6","source":"¿Cómo es eso que uno le hace una canallada a una persona, luego se acerca a ella y le cuenta sus más íntimos secretos, y no siente remordimientos?","translation":"How is it that you do a dirty thing to a person, then go up to them and tell them your most intimate secrets, and feel no remorse?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p44-s6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"uno le hace","title":"Impersonal «uno»","body":"«Uno» ('one') works as an impersonal subject standing in for 'people in general' — or, here, for the speaker himself at a slight distance: «uno le hace una canallada» = 'one / you do a vile thing'. The verb stays in the third person singular."}],"words":[{"surface":"Cómo","lemma":"cómo","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of eso","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to eso","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"eso","lemma":"ese","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hace","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"uno","lemma":"uno","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of hace","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of hace","gloss":"to them"},{"surface":"hace","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"depends on eso","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of canallada","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"canallada","lemma":"canallada","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of hace","gloss":"dirty thing"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking persona","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of persona","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"persona","lemma":"persona","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of the preposition a","gloss":"person"},{"surface":"luego","lemma":"luego","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies acerca","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of acerca","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"acerca","lemma":"acercar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on eso","gloss":"go up"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ella","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ella","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, feminine, singular","role":"object of the preposition a","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of cuenta","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"cuenta","lemma":"contar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with acerca","gloss":"tell"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of secretos","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies íntimos","gloss":"most"},{"surface":"íntimos","lemma":"íntimo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies secretos","gloss":"intimate"},{"surface":"secretos","lemma":"secreto","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of cuenta","gloss":"secrets"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies siente","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"siente","lemma":"sentir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with cuenta","gloss":"feel"},{"surface":"remordimientos","lemma":"remordimiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of siente","gloss":"remorse"}]},{"number":106,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p44-s7","source":"Yo mismo me he dicho muchas veces: ¿Por qué no siento remordimientos?","translation":"I myself have said to myself many times: Why do I feel no remorse?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p44-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of dicho","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"mismo","lemma":"mismo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Yo","gloss":"myself"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of dicho","gloss":"to myself"},{"surface":"he","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of dicho","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"dicho","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"muchas","lemma":"mucho","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of veces","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"veces","lemma":"vez","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of dicho","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"Por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking qué","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"oblique complement of siento","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies siento","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"siento","lemma":"sentir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on dicho","gloss":"I feel"},{"surface":"remordimientos","lemma":"remordimiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of siento","gloss":"remorse"}]},{"number":107,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p44-s8","source":"¿Qué vida es esta si hacemos una barbaridad y no sentimos nada?","translation":"What kind of life is this if we do something monstrous and feel nothing?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p44-s8.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"una barbaridad","title":"«barbaridad»","body":"A «barbaridad» is an outrage, an atrocity, an enormity — a monstrous act. In lighter speech it can also just mean 'a huge amount', but here it keeps its full moral weight."}],"words":[{"surface":"Qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of vida","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"vida","lemma":"vida","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"predicate complement of es","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to vida","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"esta","lemma":"este","morphology":"pronoun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hacemos","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"hacemos","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"adverbial clause on esta","gloss":"we do"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of barbaridad","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"barbaridad","lemma":"barbaridad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of hacemos","gloss":"monstrous thing"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sentimos","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"sentimos","lemma":"sentir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"coordinated with hacemos","gloss":"we feel"},{"surface":"nada","lemma":"nada","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of sentimos","gloss":"nothing"}]},{"number":108,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p44-s9","source":"¿Comprendes vos esto?","translation":"Do you understand this?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p44-s9.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Comprendes","lemma":"comprender","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"do you understand"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, singular","role":"subject of Comprendes","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"esto","lemma":"este","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of Comprendes","gloss":"this"}]},{"number":109,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p44-s10","source":"De acuerdo a lo que hemos estudiado en el colegio, un crimen termina por volverlo loco al delincuente, ¿y cómo es que en la realidad vos haces un crimen y te quedas lo más tranquilo?","translation":"According to what we studied in school, a crime ends up driving the criminal mad — and how is it that in reality you commit a crime and stay perfectly calm?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p44-s10.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"termina por volverlo loco","title":"«terminar por» + infinitive","body":"«Terminar por» plus an infinitive means 'to end up (doing something)': «termina por volverlo loco» = 'ends up driving him mad'. «Volver loco a alguien» is the set phrase 'to drive someone crazy'."}],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of estudiado","gloss":"according to","note":"'de acuerdo a' is an idiom meaning 'according to.'"},{"surface":"acuerdo","lemma":"acuerdo","morphology":"noun","role":"part of the phrase De","gloss":"accord"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase De","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"part of the phrase lo que","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of estudiado","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hemos","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of estudiado","gloss":"we have"},{"surface":"estudiado","lemma":"estudiar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"adverbial clause on termina","gloss":"studied"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking colegio","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of colegio","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"colegio","lemma":"colegio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of estudiado","gloss":"school"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of crimen","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"crimen","lemma":"crimen","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of termina","gloss":"crime"},{"surface":"termina","lemma":"terminar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"ends up"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of volverlo","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"volverlo","lemma":"volver","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of termina","gloss":"turning him"},{"surface":"loco","lemma":"loco","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of volverlo","gloss":"mad"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking delincuente","gloss":"to the"},{"surface":"delincuente","lemma":"delincuente","morphology":"noun, singular","role":"oblique complement of volverlo","gloss":"criminal"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"cómo","lemma":"cómo","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of es","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on termina","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of haces","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking realidad","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of realidad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"realidad","lemma":"realidad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of haces","gloss":"reality"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, singular","role":"subject of haces","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"haces","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of es","gloss":"commit"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of crimen","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"crimen","lemma":"crimen","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of haces","gloss":"crime"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of quedas","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"quedas","lemma":"quedar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"coordinated with haces","gloss":"stay"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of tranquilo","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tranquilo","gloss":"most"},{"surface":"tranquilo","lemma":"tranquilo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of quedas","gloss":"calm"}]},{"number":110,"label":"45","id":"la-bofetada-p45-s1","source":"Erdosain continuaba con la mirada fija en Barsut ahora la imagen de aquel hombre se depositaba en el fondo de su conciencia.","translation":"Erdosain kept his gaze fixed on Barsut; now the image of that man was settling into the depths of his consciousness.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p45-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of continuaba","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"continuaba","lemma":"continuar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"kept"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mirada","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mirada","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mirada","lemma":"mirada","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of continuaba","gloss":"gaze"},{"surface":"fija","lemma":"fijo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies mirada","gloss":"fixed"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Barsut","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies mirada","gloss":"Barsut"},{"surface":"ahora","lemma":"ahora","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies depositaba","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of imagen","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"imagen","lemma":"imagen","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of depositaba","gloss":"image"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hombre","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"aquel","lemma":"aquel","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hombre","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies imagen","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of depositaba","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"depositaba","lemma":"depositar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with continuaba","gloss":"was settling"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fondo","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of fondo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"fondo","lemma":"fondo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of depositaba","gloss":"depths"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking conciencia","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of conciencia","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"conciencia","lemma":"conciencia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies fondo","gloss":"consciousness"}]},{"number":111,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p45-s2","source":"Las fuerzas de su vida ceñían el pálido relieve de una malla tan intensa que el calco que se verificaba en aquellos instantes ya nunca más se borraría.","translation":"The forces of his life bound that pale relief in a mesh so intense that the imprint forming in those instants would never again be erased.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p45-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of fuerzas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"fuerzas","lemma":"fuerza","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of ceñían","gloss":"forces"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vida","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of vida","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"vida","lemma":"vida","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies fuerzas","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"ceñían","lemma":"ceñir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"bound"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of relieve","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"pálido","lemma":"pálido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies relieve","gloss":"pale"},{"surface":"relieve","lemma":"relieve","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of ceñían","gloss":"relief"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking malla","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of malla","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"malla","lemma":"malla","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies relieve","gloss":"mesh"},{"surface":"tan","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies intensa","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"intensa","lemma":"intenso","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies malla","gloss":"intense"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of borraría","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of calco","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"calco","lemma":"calco","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of borraría","gloss":"imprint"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of verificaba","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of verificaba","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"verificaba","lemma":"verificar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying calco","gloss":"was forming"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking instantes","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"aquellos","lemma":"aquel","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of instantes","gloss":"those"},{"surface":"instantes","lemma":"instante","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of verificaba","gloss":"instants"},{"surface":"ya","lemma":"ya","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies más","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"nunca","lemma":"nunca","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies más","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies borraría","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of borraría","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"borraría","lemma":"borrar","morphology":"verb, conditional, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying malla","gloss":"would erase"}]},{"number":112,"label":"46","id":"la-bofetada-p46-s1","source":"–Mirá –continuó Barsut–, yo sabía que me tenías rabia, que de haberme podido matar lo hubieras hecho, y eso me alegraba y entristecía a un tiempo.","translation":"\"Look,\" Barsut went on, \"I knew you held a grudge against me, that if you'd been able to kill me you would have, and that gladdened and saddened me at once.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p46-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"de haberme podido matar lo hubieras hecho","title":"Conditional with «de» + infinitive","body":"«De» plus a perfect infinitive can replace an 'if' clause about the past: «de haberme podido matar» = 'if you had been able to kill me'. The result clause takes the pluperfect subjunctive «lo hubieras hecho» ('you would have done it')."}],"words":[{"surface":"Mirá","lemma":"mirar","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"look"},{"surface":"continuó","lemma":"continuar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"parallel clause to Mirá","gloss":"went on"},{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of continuó","gloss":"Barsut"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of sabía","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"sabía","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with Mirá","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tenías","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of tenías","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"tenías","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of sabía","gloss":"held"},{"surface":"rabia","lemma":"rabia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of tenías","gloss":"grudge","note":"'tenerle rabia a alguien' means 'to hold a grudge against someone' (rabia literally means 'rage')."},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hecho","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of matar","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"haberme","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of matar","gloss":"have me"},{"surface":"podido","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"auxiliary of matar","gloss":"been able"},{"surface":"matar","lemma":"matar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on hecho","gloss":"kill"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of hecho","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"hubieras","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, second-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of hecho","gloss":"you would have"},{"surface":"hecho","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with tenías","gloss":"done"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"eso","lemma":"ese","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of alegraba","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of alegraba","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"alegraba","lemma":"alegrar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with sabía","gloss":"gladdened"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"entristecía","lemma":"entristecer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with alegraba","gloss":"saddened"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tiempo","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of tiempo","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"tiempo","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of the preposition a","gloss":"time"}]},{"number":113,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p46-s2","source":"¡Cuántas noches me acosté pensando en el modo de secuestrarte!","translation":"How many nights I lay down thinking of a way to kidnap you!","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p46-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"secuestrarte","title":"«secuestrar»","body":"«Secuestrar» means 'to kidnap / abduct'. Barsut is speaking to Erdosain, so «secuestrarte» = 'to kidnap you [= Erdosain]': Barsut confesses his own obsessive fantasy of abducting Erdosain. Note the irony that Barsut himself is eventually the one who is kidnapped later in the novel."}],"words":[{"surface":"Cuántas","lemma":"cuántas","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"determiner of noches","gloss":"how many"},{"surface":"noches","lemma":"noche","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of acosté","gloss":"nights"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of acosté","gloss":"myself"},{"surface":"acosté","lemma":"acostar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I lay down"},{"surface":"pensando","lemma":"pensar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"complement of acosté","gloss":"thinking"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking modo","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of modo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"modo","lemma":"modo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of acosté","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking secuestrarte","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"secuestrarte","lemma":"secuestrar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"modifies modo","gloss":"kidnap you"}]},{"number":114,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p46-s3","source":"Hasta se me ocurrió mandarte una bomba por correo, o una víbora en una caja de cartón.","translation":"It even occurred to me to send you a bomb by mail, or a viper in a cardboard box.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p46-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se me ocurrió","title":"«ocurrírsele a alguien»","body":"«Ocurrírsele algo a alguien» means 'for something to occur to someone', to pop into their mind. «Se me ocurrió» = 'it occurred to me'; the «se» is impersonal and «me» marks whose mind had the idea."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hasta","lemma":"hasta","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ocurrió","gloss":"Even"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of ocurrió","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of ocurrió","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"ocurrió","lemma":"ocurrir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"occurred"},{"surface":"mandarte","lemma":"mandar tú","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on ocurrió","gloss":"to send you"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of bomba","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"bomba","lemma":"bomba","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of mandarte","gloss":"bomb"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking correo","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"correo","lemma":"correo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of mandarte","gloss":"mail"},{"surface":"o","lemma":"o","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of víbora","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"víbora","lemma":"víbora","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with bomba","gloss":"viper"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking caja","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of caja","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"caja","lemma":"caja","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies víbora","gloss":"box"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cartón","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"cartón","lemma":"cartón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies caja","gloss":"cardboard"}]},{"number":115,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p46-s4","source":"O pagarle a un chofer para que te atropellara por la calle.","translation":"Or to pay a driver to run you down in the street.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p46-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"para que te atropellara","title":"«para que» + subjunctive","body":"«Para que» ('so that / in order that') always takes the subjunctive. «Atropellara» is the imperfect subjunctive of «atropellar» ('to run over'), matching the past-tense frame of Barsut's recollection."}],"words":[{"surface":"O","lemma":"o","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"Or"},{"surface":"pagarle","lemma":"pagar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"coordinated with mandarte","gloss":"to pay"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking chofer","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of chofer","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"chofer","lemma":"chofer","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"indirect object of pagarle","gloss":"driver"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of atropellara","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of atropellara","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of atropellara","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"atropellara","lemma":"atropellar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on pagarle","gloss":"run over"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking calle","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of calle","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"calle","lemma":"calle","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of atropellara","gloss":"street"}]},{"number":116,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p46-s5","source":"Cerraba los ojos y las horas se me pasaban pensando en ustedes.","translation":"I would close my eyes and the hours slipped by as I thought about the two of you.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p46-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Cerraba","lemma":"cerrar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I would close"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of ojos","gloss":"the","note":"Spanish uses the definite article with body parts where English uses a possessive (\"the eyes\" = \"my eyes\")."},{"surface":"ojos","lemma":"ojo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of Cerraba","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of horas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"horas","lemma":"hora","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of pasaban","gloss":"hours"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of pasaban","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of pasaban","gloss":"on me"},{"surface":"pasaban","lemma":"pasar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with Cerraba","gloss":"slipped by"},{"surface":"pensando","lemma":"pensar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"complement of pasaban","gloss":"thinking"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ustedes","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"ustedes","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, plural","role":"oblique complement of pensando","gloss":"you two"}]},{"number":117,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p46-s6","source":"¿Vos te pensás que la quería a ella?","translation":"Do you think I loved her?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p46-s6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"la quería a ella","title":"Redundant object pronoun","body":"Spanish often doubles a direct object: the pronoun «la» and the full phrase «a ella» both point to the same person. «La quería a ella» = 'I loved her', with «a ella» added for emphasis or contrast."}],"words":[{"surface":"Vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of pensás","gloss":"you","note":"Vos is the Rioplatense second-person pronoun (voseo), used instead of tú, with its own verb endings (pensás, not piensas)."},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of pensás","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"pensás","lemma":"pensar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular (voseo)","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"do you think"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of quería","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of quería","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"quería","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of pensás","gloss":"loved"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ella","gloss":"(marks object)","note":"This \"personal a\" has no direct English translation — Spanish requires it before a specific human direct object."},{"surface":"ella","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, feminine, singular","role":"restates la (direct object of quería)","gloss":"her"}]},{"number":118,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p46-s7","source":"–Erdosain observó más tarde que en la conversación de esa noche Barsut evitó llamar a Elsa por su nombre–.","translation":"Erdosain noticed later that in that night's conversation Barsut avoided calling Elsa by her name.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p46-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of observó","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"observó","lemma":"observar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"noticed"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tarde","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"tarde","lemma":"tarde","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies observó","gloss":"late"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of evitó","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking conversación","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of conversación","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"conversación","lemma":"conversación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of evitó","gloss":"conversation"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking noche","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"esa","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of noche","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"noche","lemma":"noche","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies conversación","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of evitó","gloss":"Barsut"},{"surface":"evitó","lemma":"evitar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of observó","gloss":"avoided"},{"surface":"llamar","lemma":"llamar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of evitó","gloss":"calling"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Elsa","gloss":"(marks object)"},{"surface":"Elsa","lemma":"Elsa","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of llamar","gloss":"Elsa"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nombre","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of nombre","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"nombre","lemma":"nombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of llamar","gloss":"name"}]},{"number":119,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p46-s8","source":"No, no la he querido nunca.","translation":"No, I never loved her.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p46-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"No","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies querido","gloss":"No"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies querido","gloss":"not","note":"Spanish pairs no before the verb with nunca after it; this doesn't double the negation — it simply means \"never.\""},{"surface":"la","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of querido","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"he","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of querido","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"querido","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"loved"},{"surface":"nunca","lemma":"nunca","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies querido","gloss":"never"}]},{"number":120,"label":"47","id":"la-bofetada-p47-s1","source":"Pero me hubiera gustado humillarla ¿sabes?","translation":"But I would have liked to humiliate her, you know?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p47-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"me hubiera gustado","title":"«gustar» in the pluperfect subjunctive","body":"«Gustar» works backwards: the thing liked is the subject and the person is the indirect object «me». «Me hubiera gustado humillarla» = 'humiliating her would have pleased me' → 'I would have liked to humiliate her'. The form is the pluperfect subjunctive (hubiera + gustado), not the conditional perfect (habría gustado); in literary Spanish the pluperfect subjunctive substitutes for the conditional perfect."}],"words":[{"surface":"Pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies gustado","gloss":"But"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of gustado","gloss":"I","note":"Gustar-type verbs flip the grammar: the thing liked is the subject and the person is a dative object — \"me hubiera gustado\" literally means \"it would have pleased me.\""},{"surface":"hubiera","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of gustado","gloss":"would have"},{"surface":"gustado","lemma":"gustar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"liked"},{"surface":"humillarla","lemma":"humillar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on gustado","gloss":"to humiliate her"},{"surface":"sabes","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"parenthetical tag question","gloss":"you know"}]},{"number":121,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p47-s2","source":"Humillarla porque sí: verte a vos hundido para que ella me pidiera de rodillas que te ayudara.","translation":"Humiliate her just because: to see you ruined so that she'd beg me on her knees to help you.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p47-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"porque sí","title":"«porque sí»","body":"«Porque sí» means 'just because', 'for no reason other than I want to'. It refuses to give a reason — a fitting motive for Barsut's spite, which he can't fully explain even to himself."}],"words":[{"surface":"Humillarla","lemma":"humillar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"To humiliate her"},{"surface":"porque","lemma":"porque","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the idiom porque sí, modifying Humillarla","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"sí","lemma":"sí","morphology":"interjection","role":"completes the idiom porque sí","gloss":"(idiom)","note":"Porque sí is an idiom meaning \"just because,\" with no reason given."},{"surface":"verte","lemma":"ver tú","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"coordinated with Humillarla","gloss":"to see you"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vos","gloss":"(marks object)"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"clarifies te (direct object of verte)","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"hundido","lemma":"hundido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies vos","gloss":"ruined"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of pidiera","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of pidiera","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ella","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, feminine, singular","role":"subject of pidiera","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of pidiera","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"pidiera","lemma":"pedir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on verte","gloss":"would beg"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rodillas","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"rodillas","lemma":"rodilla","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of pidiera","gloss":"knees"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ayudara","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of ayudara","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"ayudara","lemma":"ayudar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of pidiera","gloss":"help"}]},{"number":122,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p47-s3","source":"¿Te das cuenta?","translation":"Do you realize?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p47-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of das","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"das","lemma":"dar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"do you realize"},{"surface":"cuenta","lemma":"cuenta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"compound with das","gloss":"(idiom)","note":"Darse cuenta is an idiom meaning \"to realize\"; cuenta alone literally means \"account.\""}]},{"number":123,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p47-s4","source":"Nunca la he querido.","translation":"I never loved her.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p47-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nunca","lemma":"nunca","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies querido","gloss":"Never"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of querido","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"he","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of querido","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"querido","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"loved"}]},{"number":124,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p47-s5","source":"Si te denuncié fue por eso, para humillarla a ella que siempre fue tan orgullosa conmigo.","translation":"If I reported you it was for that, to humiliate her, who was always so proud with me.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p47-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of denuncié","gloss":"If"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of denuncié","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"denuncié","lemma":"denunciar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on fue","gloss":"reported"},{"surface":"fue","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking eso","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"eso","lemma":"ese","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"oblique complement of fue","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of humillarla","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"humillarla","lemma":"humillar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on fue","gloss":"humiliate her"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ella","gloss":"(marks object)"},{"surface":"ella","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, feminine, singular","role":"clarifies la (direct object of humillarla)","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of fue","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"siempre","lemma":"siempre","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies orgullosa","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"fue","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to orgullosa","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"tan","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies orgullosa","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"orgullosa","lemma":"orgulloso","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"predicate complement of fue","gloss":"proud"},{"surface":"conmigo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, first-person, singular","role":"modifies orgullosa","gloss":"with me"}]},{"number":125,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p47-s6","source":"Y cuando vos me dijiste que habías defraudado a la Azucarera, una alegría de salvaje me revolvió las entrañas.","translation":"And when you told me you'd defrauded the Sugar Company, a savage joy churned my insides.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p47-s6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"defraudado","title":"«defraudar»","body":"«Defraudar» means 'to defraud / embezzle', to cheat someone of money or trust. Erdosain's «defraudado a la Azucarera» — defrauding the Sugar Company — is the original crime the anonymous letter exposed."}],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies dijiste","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"cuando","lemma":"cuando","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of dijiste","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of dijiste","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of dijiste","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"dijiste","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on revolvió","gloss":"told"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of defraudado","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"habías","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of defraudado","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"defraudado","lemma":"defraudar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"clausal complement of dijiste","gloss":"defrauded"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Azucarera","gloss":"(marks object)"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of Azucarera","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Azucarera","lemma":"Azucarera","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of defraudado","gloss":"Sugar Company"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of alegría","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"alegría","lemma":"alegría","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of revolvió","gloss":"joy"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking salvaje","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"salvaje","lemma":"salvaje","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies alegría","gloss":"savage"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of revolvió","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"revolvió","lemma":"revolver","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"churned"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of entrañas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"entrañas","lemma":"entraña","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of revolvió","gloss":"insides"}]},{"number":126,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p47-s7","source":"Y no terminabas de hablar cuando yo me dije: bueno, vamos a ver ahora dónde termina su orgullo.","translation":"And you hadn't finished speaking when I said to myself: well, now we'll see where her pride ends.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p47-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies terminabas","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies terminabas","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"terminabas","lemma":"terminar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"were finishing"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of hablar","gloss":"(linking)"},{"surface":"hablar","lemma":"hablar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of terminabas","gloss":"speaking"},{"surface":"cuando","lemma":"cuando","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of dije","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of dije","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of dije","gloss":"to myself"},{"surface":"dije","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on terminabas","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"bueno","lemma":"bueno","morphology":"interjection","role":"interjection introducing the quoted speech","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"vamos","lemma":"ir","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of ver","gloss":"we'll"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of ver","gloss":"(linking)"},{"surface":"ver","lemma":"ver","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of vamos","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"ahora","lemma":"ahora","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ver","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"dónde","lemma":"dónde","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of termina","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"termina","lemma":"terminar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of ver","gloss":"ends"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of orgullo","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"orgullo","lemma":"orgullo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of termina","gloss":"pride"}]},{"number":127,"label":"48","id":"la-bofetada-p48-s1","source":"Erdosain dejó escapar la pregunta:","translation":"Erdosain let the question slip out:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p48-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of dejó","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"dejó","lemma":"dejar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"let"},{"surface":"escapar","lemma":"escapar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of dejó","gloss":"slip out"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of pregunta","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"pregunta","lemma":"pregunta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of escapar","gloss":"question"}]},{"number":128,"label":"49","id":"la-bofetada-p49-s1","source":"–¿Pero vos la querías?...","translation":"\"But did you love her?...\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p49-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies querías","gloss":"But"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of querías","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of querías","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"querías","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"did you love"}]},{"number":129,"label":"50","id":"la-bofetada-p50-s1","source":"–No, no la he querido nunca.","translation":"\"No, I never loved her.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p50-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"No","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies querido","gloss":"No"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies querido","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of querido","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"he","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of querido","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"querido","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"loved"},{"surface":"nunca","lemma":"nunca","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies querido","gloss":"never"}]},{"number":130,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p50-s2","source":"¡Si supieras lo que me ha hecho sufrir!","translation":"If you knew how much she's made me suffer!","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p50-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of supieras","gloss":"If"},{"surface":"supieras","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, imperfect, subjunctive, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of hecho","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"part of the relative pronoun lo que","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of hecho","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of hecho","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"hecho","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"clausal complement of supieras","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"sufrir","lemma":"sufrir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of hecho","gloss":"suffer"}]},{"number":131,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p50-s3","source":"¿Quererla yo a ella, que nunca me dio la mano?","translation":"Me, love her, who never gave me her hand?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p50-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Quererla","lemma":"querer él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"love her"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of Quererla","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ella","gloss":"(marks object)"},{"surface":"ella","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, feminine, singular","role":"clarifies la (direct object of Quererla)","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of dio","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"nunca","lemma":"nunca","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dio","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of dio","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"dio","lemma":"dar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"relative clause modifying ella","gloss":"gave"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mano","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mano","lemma":"mano","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of dio","gloss":"hand"}]},{"number":132,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p50-s4","source":"Cada vez que me miraba me parecía que me escupía a la cara.","translation":"Every time she looked at me it seemed to me she was spitting in my face.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p50-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Cada","lemma":"cada","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of vez","gloss":"Every"},{"surface":"vez","lemma":"vez","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies parecía","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of miraba","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of miraba","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"miraba","lemma":"mirar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying vez","gloss":"looked"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of parecía","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"parecía","lemma":"parecer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"seemed"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of escupía","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of escupía","gloss":"at me"},{"surface":"escupía","lemma":"escupir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of parecía","gloss":"was spitting"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cara","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cara","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cara","lemma":"cara","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of escupía","gloss":"face"}]},{"number":133,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p50-s5","source":"¡Ah, vos fuiste el marido, pero nunca la conociste!","translation":"Ah, you were the husband, but you never knew her!","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p50-s5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"fuiste / conociste","title":"Preterite for finished facts","body":"«Fuiste» ('you were') and «conociste» ('you knew / came to know') are preterites — single, closed facts viewed as a whole. With «conocer», the preterite means specifically 'to meet / get to know' at one point, not the ongoing 'knew' of the imperfect."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ah","lemma":"ah","morphology":"interjection","role":"depends on fuiste","gloss":"Ah"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of fuiste","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"fuiste","lemma":"ser","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of marido","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"marido","lemma":"marido","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of fuiste","gloss":"husband"},{"surface":"pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"nunca","lemma":"nunca","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies conociste","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of conociste","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"conociste","lemma":"conocer","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"coordinated with fuiste","gloss":"knew"}]},{"number":134,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p50-s6","source":"¡Qué sabes vos qué mujer es ella!","translation":"What do you know about what kind of woman she is!","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p50-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of sabes","gloss":"What"},{"surface":"sabes","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"do you know"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of sabes","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of mujer","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"mujer","lemma":"mujer","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"predicate complement of es","gloss":"woman"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking ella and mujer","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ella","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, feminine, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"she"}]},{"number":135,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p50-s7","source":"Mirá, te podría ver morir y no tendría un gesto de lástima.","translation":"Look, she could watch you die and not make a single gesture of pity.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p50-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Mirá","lemma":"mirar","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular (voseo)","role":"stands alone as an imperative addressing the listener","gloss":"Look"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of ver","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"podría","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, conditional, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of ver","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"ver","lemma":"ver","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"watch"},{"surface":"morir","lemma":"morir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of ver","gloss":"die"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tendría","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"tendría","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, conditional, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with ver","gloss":"would make"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of gesto","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gesto","lemma":"gesto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of tendría","gloss":"gesture"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lástima","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"lástima","lemma":"lástima","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies gesto","gloss":"pity"}]},{"number":136,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p50-s8","source":"¿Te das cuenta?","translation":"Do you realize?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p50-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of das","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"das","lemma":"dar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"do you realize"},{"surface":"cuenta","lemma":"cuenta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"compound with das","gloss":"(idiom)","note":"Darse cuenta is an idiom meaning \"to realize\"; cuenta alone literally means \"account.\""}]},{"number":137,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p50-s9","source":"Me acuerdo.","translation":"I remember.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p50-s9.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Me acuerdo","title":"Pronominal «acordarse de»","body":"«Acordarse (de)» means 'to remember' and is pronominal, requiring «me / te / se». «Me acuerdo» = 'I remember'. It is interchangeable in meaning with «recordar», which is not pronominal."}],"words":[{"surface":"Me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of acuerdo","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"acuerdo","lemma":"acordar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"remember"}]},{"number":138,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p50-s10","source":"Cuando la casa Astraldi quebró y ustedes se quedaron en la calle, si ella me hubiera pedido todo lo que yo tenía, se lo hubiera dado.","translation":"When the Astraldi firm went bust and you two were left out in the street, if she had asked me for everything I had, I would have given it to her.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p50-s10.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"si ella me hubiera pedido... se lo hubiera dado","title":"Unreal past conditional","body":"A contrary-to-fact condition about the past uses the pluperfect subjunctive in both halves: «si me hubiera pedido... se lo hubiera dado» = 'if she had asked me... I would have given it to her'. Neither thing happened."}],"words":[{"surface":"Cuando","lemma":"cuando","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of quebró","gloss":"When"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of casa","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"casa","lemma":"casa","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of quebró","gloss":"firm"},{"surface":"Astraldi","lemma":"Astraldi","morphology":"proper noun","role":"in apposition to casa","gloss":"Astraldi"},{"surface":"quebró","lemma":"quebrar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on dado","gloss":"went bust"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ustedes","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, plural","role":"subject of quedaron","gloss":"you two"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of quedaron","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"quedaron","lemma":"quedar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with quebró","gloss":"were left"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking calle","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of calle","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"calle","lemma":"calle","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of quedaron","gloss":"street"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of pedido","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"ella","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, feminine, singular","role":"subject of pedido","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of pedido","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"hubiera","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of pedido","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"pedido","lemma":"pedir","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"adverbial clause on dado","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"todo","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of lo","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of pedido","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"direct object of tenía","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of tenía","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"tenía","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of pedido","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative","role":"indirect object of dado","gloss":"to her"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of dado","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"hubiera","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of dado","gloss":"would have"},{"surface":"dado","lemma":"dar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"given"}]},{"number":139,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p50-s11","source":"Le hubiera dado toda mi fortuna para que me dijera «gracias».","translation":"I would have given her my whole fortune just to have her say \"thank you\" to me.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p50-s11.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of dado","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"hubiera","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of dado","gloss":"would have"},{"surface":"dado","lemma":"dar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"given"},{"surface":"toda","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of fortuna","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"mi","lemma":"mi","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of fortuna","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"fortuna","lemma":"fortuna","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of dado","gloss":"fortune"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of dijera","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of dijera","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of dijera","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"dijera","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on dado","gloss":"would say"},{"surface":"gracias","lemma":"gracia","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of dijera","gloss":"thank you"}]},{"number":140,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p50-s12","source":"Nada más que gracias.","translation":"Nothing more than thank you.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p50-s12.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nada","lemma":"nada","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Nothing"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Nada","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"comparative marker linking Nada and gracias","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"gracias","lemma":"gracia","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"complement of que, modifies Nada","gloss":"thank you"}]},{"number":141,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p50-s13","source":"Para que me dijera esa palabra yo me hubiera quedado sin nada.","translation":"To have her say that word to me I would have left myself with nothing.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p50-s13.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of dijera","gloss":"To"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of dijera","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of dijera","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"dijera","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on quedado","gloss":"would say"},{"surface":"esa","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of palabra","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"palabra","lemma":"palabra","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of dijera","gloss":"word"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of quedado","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of quedado","gloss":"myself"},{"surface":"hubiera","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of quedado","gloss":"would have"},{"surface":"quedado","lemma":"quedar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"left"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nada","gloss":"without","note":"Sin nada is literally \"without anything\"; English idiom flips this to \"with nothing.\""},{"surface":"nada","lemma":"nada","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"oblique complement of quedado","gloss":"anything"}]},{"number":142,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p50-s14","source":"Un día que entablé una conversación me contestó: Remo es suficiente hombre para ganar para nosotros dos.","translation":"One day when I struck up a conversation she answered me: Remo is man enough to earn for the two of us.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p50-s14.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of día","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"día","lemma":"día","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"temporal complement of contestó","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"introduces the clause modifying día","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"entablé","lemma":"entablar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"clause modifying día","gloss":"I struck up"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of conversación","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"conversación","lemma":"conversación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of entablé","gloss":"conversation"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of contestó","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"contestó","lemma":"contestar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"answered"},{"surface":"Remo","lemma":"Remo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of es","gloss":"Remo"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to hombre","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"suficiente","lemma":"suficiente","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies hombre","gloss":"enough"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate nominal of es","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the purpose clause of ganar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ganar","lemma":"ganar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clause modifying hombre","gloss":"earn"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nosotros","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"nosotros","lemma":"nosotros","morphology":"pronoun, prepositional, masculine, plural","role":"object of preposition para","gloss":"us"},{"surface":"dos","lemma":"dos","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies nosotros","gloss":"two"}]},{"number":143,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p50-s15","source":"¡Ah, vos no la conoces!","translation":"Ah, you don't know her!","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p50-s15.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ah","lemma":"Ah","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation preceding vos","gloss":"ah"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, second-person, singular","role":"subject of conoces","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies conoces","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"ella","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of conoces","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"conoces","lemma":"conocer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"you know"}]},{"number":144,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p50-s16","source":"Sería capaz de verte morir sin hacer un gesto.","translation":"She'd be capable of watching you die without making a gesture.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p50-s16.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ser capaz de","title":"«ser capaz de»","body":"«Ser capaz de» means 'to be capable of', 'to be the kind to'. «Sería capaz de verte morir» = 'she'd be capable of watching you die' — said of someone you believe would actually do the terrible thing."}],"words":[{"surface":"Sería","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, conditional, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to capaz","gloss":"she'd be"},{"surface":"capaz","lemma":"capaz","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"capable"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of verte","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"verte","lemma":"ver tú","morphology":"verb, infinitive, with second-person singular clitic (te)","role":"complement of capaz","gloss":"watching you"},{"surface":"morir","lemma":"morir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of verte","gloss":"die"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of hacer","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"hacer","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on verte","gloss":"making"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of gesto","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gesto","lemma":"gesto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of hacer","gloss":"gesture"}]},{"number":145,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p50-s17","source":"Y yo pensaba.","translation":"And I would think.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p50-s17.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies pensaba","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of pensaba","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"pensaba","lemma":"pensar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"would think"}]},{"number":146,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p50-s18","source":"¡Cuántas cosa, Dios mío, pasan por la cabeza de un hombre!","translation":"How many things, my God, run through a man's head!","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p50-s18.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Cuántas","lemma":"cuántos","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of cosa","gloss":"how many"},{"surface":"cosa","lemma":"cosa","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of pasan","gloss":"things","note":"«cosa» is singular here though «Cuántas» is plural — understood as the plural 'cosas' (things)."},{"surface":"Dios","lemma":"Dios","morphology":"proper noun","role":"vocative, parenthetical (Dios mío = my God)","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"mío","lemma":"mío","morphology":"possessive pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Dios","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"pasan","lemma":"pasar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"run"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cabeza","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cabeza","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cabeza","lemma":"cabeza","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of pasan","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hombre","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hombre","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies cabeza","gloss":"man"}]},{"number":147,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p50-s19","source":"Me tiraba en una cama y me ponía a imaginar cosas...vos habías asesinado a un hombre... era necesario salvarte y entonces ella me venía a pedir que te ayudara y yo, sin decirle una palabra de mis sacrificios, corría de un lado a otro.","translation":"I'd throw myself on a bed and start imagining things... you had murdered a man... you had to be saved, and so she would come to ask me to help you, and I, without saying a word about my sacrifices, would run from one place to another.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p50-s19.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"me ponía a imaginar","title":"«ponerse a» + infinitive","body":"«Ponerse a» plus an infinitive means 'to start / set about (doing something)': «me ponía a imaginar» = 'I would start imagining'. The imperfect keeps the whole daydream habitual and recurring."}],"words":[{"surface":"Me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of tiraba","gloss":"myself"},{"surface":"tiraba","lemma":"tirar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I'd throw"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cama","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cama","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"cama","lemma":"cama","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of tiraba","gloss":"bed"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of ponía","gloss":"(reflexive)","note":"«ponerse a + infinitive» means 'to start doing something'; me is not translated separately."},{"surface":"ponía","lemma":"poner","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with tiraba","gloss":"I'd start"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of imaginar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"imaginar","lemma":"imaginar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of ponía","gloss":"imagine"},{"surface":"cosas","lemma":"cosa","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of imaginar","gloss":"things"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, second-person, singular","role":"subject of asesinado","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"habías","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of asesinado","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"asesinado","lemma":"asesinar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the clause (vos habías asesinado...)","gloss":"murdered"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hombre","gloss":"(marks object)"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hombre","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of asesinado","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"era","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to necesario","gloss":"it was"},{"surface":"necesario","lemma":"necesario","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate adjective of era","gloss":"necessary"},{"surface":"salvarte","lemma":"salvar tú","morphology":"verb, infinitive, with second-person singular clitic (te)","role":"clausal subject of era","gloss":"save you"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"entonces","lemma":"entonces","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies venía","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"ella","lemma":"ella","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, feminine, singular","role":"subject of venía","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of pedir","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"venía","lemma":"venir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with era","gloss":"she would come"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of pedir","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"pedir","lemma":"pedir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of venía","gloss":"ask"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ayudara","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of ayudara","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"ayudara","lemma":"ayudar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, subjunctive, first-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of pedir","gloss":"help"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of corría","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of decirle","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"decirle","lemma":"decir él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on corría","gloss":"telling her"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of palabra","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"palabra","lemma":"palabra","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of decirle","gloss":"word"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sacrificios","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"mis","lemma":"mi","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of sacrificios","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"sacrificios","lemma":"sacrificio","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies palabra","gloss":"sacrifices"},{"surface":"corría","lemma":"correr","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with venía","gloss":"I would run"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lado","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of lado","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"lado","lemma":"lado","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of corría","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking otro","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"otro","lemma":"otro","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"object of preposition a","gloss":"another"}]},{"number":148,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p50-s20","source":"¡Qué mujer, Remo!","translation":"What a woman, Remo!","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p50-s20.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of mujer","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"mujer","lemma":"mujer","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"woman"},{"surface":"Remo","lemma":"Remo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"vocative address","gloss":"Remo"}]},{"number":149,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p50-s21","source":"¡Qué mujer!","translation":"What a woman!","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p50-s21.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of mujer","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"mujer","lemma":"mujer","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"woman"}]},{"number":150,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p50-s22","source":"Me acuerdo de cuando cosía.","translation":"I remember when she would sew.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p50-s22.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of acuerdo","gloss":"(reflexive)","note":"«acordarse de» means 'to remember'; me is not translated separately."},{"surface":"acuerdo","lemma":"acordar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I remember"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of cosía","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"cuando","lemma":"cuando","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of cosía","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"cosía","lemma":"coser","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of acuerdo","gloss":"she would sew"}]},{"number":151,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p50-s23","source":"Me hubiera quedado al lado, ¿sabes? sosteniéndole la costura, y yo sabía que no era feliz con vos.","translation":"I would have stayed at her side, you know, holding the sewing for her, and I knew she wasn't happy with you.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p50-s23.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of quedado","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"hubiera","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of quedado","gloss":"I would have"},{"surface":"quedado","lemma":"quedar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stayed"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lado","gloss":"at the"},{"surface":"lado","lemma":"lado","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"part of the phrase al","gloss":"side"},{"surface":"sabes","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"parenthetical tag (¿sabes?)","gloss":"you know"},{"surface":"sosteniéndole","lemma":"sostener él","morphology":"verb, gerund, with dative clitic (le)","role":"gerund clause modifying quedado","gloss":"holding for her"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of costura","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"costura","lemma":"costura","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of sosteniéndole","gloss":"sewing"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of sabía","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"sabía","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with quedado","gloss":"I knew"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of feliz","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies feliz","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"era","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to feliz","gloss":"she was"},{"surface":"feliz","lemma":"feliz","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"predicate adjective of era","gloss":"happy"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vos","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, singular","role":"object of preposition con","gloss":"you"}]},{"number":152,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p50-s24","source":"Lo veía en la cara, en su cansancio, en su sonrisa.","translation":"I could see it in her face, in her weariness, in her smile.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p50-s24.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of veía","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"veía","lemma":"ver","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I saw"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cara","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cara","gloss":"her","note":"Spanish uses the definite article (la) instead of a possessive for body parts when the owner is clear from context; «la cara» = 'her face' here."},{"surface":"cara","lemma":"cara","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of veía","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cansancio","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of cansancio","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"cansancio","lemma":"cansancio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of veía","gloss":"weariness"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sonrisa","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of sonrisa","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"sonrisa","lemma":"sonrisa","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of veía","gloss":"smile"}]},{"number":153,"label":"51","id":"la-bofetada-p51-s1","source":"Erdosain recordó las palabras que Elsa había pronunciado hacía una hora:","translation":"Erdosain recalled the words Elsa had spoken an hour before:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p51-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"hacía una hora","title":"«hacía» for 'ago' in the past","body":"To say 'ago' from a past vantage point, Spanish uses «hacía» (imperfect of «hacer»): «hacía una hora» = 'an hour before / an hour earlier'. In the present this would be «hace una hora» ('an hour ago')."}],"words":[{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of recordó","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"recordó","lemma":"recordar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"recalled"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of palabras","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"palabras","lemma":"palabra","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of recordó","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of pronunciado","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Elsa","lemma":"Elsa","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of pronunciado","gloss":"Elsa"},{"surface":"había","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of pronunciado","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"pronunciado","lemma":"pronunciar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"clause modifying palabras","gloss":"spoken"},{"surface":"hacía","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on pronunciado","gloss":"before","note":"«hacía + [time]» is an idiom meaning '[time] before/ago' (hacía una hora = an hour before)."},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of hora","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"hora","lemma":"hora","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of hacía","gloss":"hour"}]},{"number":154,"label":"52","id":"la-bofetada-p52-s1","source":"–No importa... Estoy contenta.","translation":"\"It doesn't matter... I'm happy.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p52-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"No","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies importa","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"importa","lemma":"importar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"matter"},{"surface":"Estoy","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"copula linking to contenta","gloss":"I'm"},{"surface":"contenta","lemma":"contento","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"predicate adjective of Estoy","gloss":"happy"}]},{"number":155,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p52-s2","source":"¿Te das cuenta de tu sorpresa, Remo?","translation":"Do you realize your surprise, Remo?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p52-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of das","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"das","lemma":"dar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence (darse cuenta = to realize)","gloss":"realize","note":"«darse cuenta de» is an idiom meaning 'to realize.'"},{"surface":"cuenta","lemma":"cuenta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"compound with das","gloss":"(no separate meaning here — part of the idiom darse cuenta de, \"to realize\"; the sense is already carried by das)"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sorpresa","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of sorpresa","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"sorpresa","lemma":"sorpresa","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of preposition de, modifies cuenta","gloss":"surprise"},{"surface":"Remo","lemma":"Remo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"vocative address","gloss":"Remo"}]},{"number":156,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p52-s3","source":"Estás sólito de noche, estás solo... De pronto, cric... la puerta se abre... y soy yo... yo, que he venido.","translation":"You're all alone at night, you're alone... Suddenly, click... the door opens... and it's me... me, who has come.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p52-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"sólito","title":"Diminutive «-ito»","body":"«Sólito» is «solo» ('alone') with the diminutive «-ito», which here adds tenderness rather than smallness: 'all alone', 'poor and alone'. Spanish diminutives often carry warmth or pity, not literal size."}],"words":[{"surface":"Estás","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"copula linking to sólito","gloss":"you're"},{"surface":"sólito","lemma":"sólito","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"all alone","note":"«sólito» is an affectionate diminutive of solo ('alone'), common in colloquial Argentine speech."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking noche","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"noche","lemma":"noche","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies sólito","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"estás","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"copula linking to solo","gloss":"you're"},{"surface":"solo","lemma":"solo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate adjective of estás","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of idiom de pronto (suddenly)","gloss":"suddenly"},{"surface":"pronto","lemma":"pronto","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase De","gloss":"suddenly"},{"surface":"cric","lemma":"cric","morphology":"noun","role":"onomatopoeic interjection","gloss":"click"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of puerta","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"puerta","lemma":"puerta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of abre","gloss":"door"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of abre","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"abre","lemma":"abrir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"opens"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"soy","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"copula linking to yo","gloss":"it's"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"predicate nominal of soy","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of venido","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"he","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of venido","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"venido","lemma":"venir","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"clause modifying yo","gloss":"come"}]},{"number":157,"label":"53","id":"la-bofetada-p53-s1","source":"Barsut continuó:","translation":"Barsut went on:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p53-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of continuó","gloss":"Barsut"},{"surface":"continuó","lemma":"continuar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went on"}]},{"number":158,"label":"54","id":"la-bofetada-p54-s1","source":"–Y claro, yo me preguntaba qué era lo que le hacía soportar la vida a tu lado, al lado de un hombre como vos...","translation":"\"And of course, I kept asking myself what it was that made her endure life at your side, beside a man like you...\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p54-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"le hacía soportar","title":"Causative «hacer» + infinitive","body":"«Hacer» plus an infinitive forms a causative: 'to make someone do something'. «Lo que le hacía soportar la vida» = 'what made her bear life'; «le» marks the one who is made to endure."}],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"Y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies claro","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"claro","lemma":"claro","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies preguntaba","gloss":"of course"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of preguntaba","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"reflexive particle of preguntaba","gloss":"myself"},{"surface":"preguntaba","lemma":"preguntar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I kept asking"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of era","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"era","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of preguntaba","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"antecedent of que (lo que = that which)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of hacía","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of hacía (causee of the causative hacer + infinitive, not a possessive dative)","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"hacía","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of era","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"soportar","lemma":"soportar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of hacía","gloss":"endure"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of vida","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"vida","lemma":"vida","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of soportar","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lado","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of lado","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"lado","lemma":"lado","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"part of the phrase a","gloss":"side"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lado (idiom: al lado de = beside)","gloss":"at the"},{"surface":"lado","lemma":"lado","morphology":"noun","role":"part of the phrase al","gloss":"side"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase al","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hombre","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies lado","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vos","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, singular","role":"modifies hombre","gloss":"you"}]},{"number":159,"label":"55","id":"la-bofetada-p55-s1","source":"–Y vine a pie sola por las calles oscuras, buscándote, pero vos no me ves, estás solo, la cabeza...","translation":"\"And I came on foot, alone, through the dark streets, looking for you, but you don't see me, you're alone, your head...\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p55-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"Y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies vine","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vine","lemma":"venir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I came"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of idiom a pie (on foot)","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"pie","lemma":"pie","morphology":"noun","role":"part of the phrase a","gloss":"foot"},{"surface":"sola","lemma":"solo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"predicate adjective of vine","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking calles","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of calles","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"calles","lemma":"calle","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of vine","gloss":"streets"},{"surface":"oscuras","lemma":"oscuro","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies calles","gloss":"dark"},{"surface":"buscándote","lemma":"buscar tú","morphology":"verb, gerund, with second-person singular clitic (te)","role":"adverbial clause on vine","gloss":"looking for you"},{"surface":"pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, second-person, singular","role":"subject of ves","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ves","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of ves","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"ves","lemma":"ver","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"coordinated with vine","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"estás","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"copula linking to solo","gloss":"you're"},{"surface":"solo","lemma":"solo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate adjective of estás","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cabeza","gloss":"your","note":"Spanish uses the definite article (la) instead of a possessive for body parts; «la cabeza» = 'your head' here (an elliptical, trailing-off sentence)."},{"surface":"cabeza","lemma":"cabeza","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"fragment, trails off (elliptical)","gloss":"head"}]},{"number":160,"label":"56","id":"la-bofetada-p56-s1","source":"Erdosain sentía que las ideas se le atorbellinaban en la superficie del cerebro como un remolino de agua.","translation":"Erdosain felt the ideas whirling on the surface of his brain like a whirlpool of water.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p56-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"se le atorbellinaban","title":"«atorbellinarse»","body":"A rare, vivid verb built on «torbellino» ('whirlwind, whirlpool'): «atorbellinarse» = 'to whirl, to swirl around'. The indirect «le» shows the whirling happens to (inside) Erdosain — his ideas spin out of his control."}],"words":[{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of sentía","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"sentía","lemma":"sentir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"felt"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of atorbellinaban","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of ideas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ideas","lemma":"idea","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of atorbellinaban","gloss":"ideas"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of atorbellinaban","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of atorbellinaban (possession)","gloss":"his","note":"le is a dative of possession/experience here, reflected in English as the possessive 'his' (brain)."},{"surface":"atorbellinaban","lemma":"atorbellinar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"clausal complement of sentía","gloss":"were whirling","note":"«atorbellinarse», from torbellino (whirlwind), is an Arlt coinage meaning 'to whirl/swirl.'"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking superficie","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of superficie","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"superficie","lemma":"superficie","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of atorbellinaban","gloss":"surface"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cerebro","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"cerebro","lemma":"cerebro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies superficie","gloss":"brain"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of remolino","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of remolino","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"remolino","lemma":"remolino","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of atorbellinaban","gloss":"whirlpool"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking agua","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"agua","lemma":"agua","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies remolino","gloss":"water"}]},{"number":161,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p56-s2","source":"El cono gigante hundía la espiral hasta la raíz de sus miembros.","translation":"The giant cone sank its spiral down to the root of his limbs.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p56-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cono","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cono","lemma":"cono","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of hundía","gloss":"cone"},{"surface":"gigante","lemma":"gigante","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies cono","gloss":"giant"},{"surface":"hundía","lemma":"hundir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sank"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of espiral","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"espiral","lemma":"espiral","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of hundía","gloss":"spiral"},{"surface":"hasta","lemma":"hasta","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking raíz","gloss":"down to"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of raíz","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"raíz","lemma":"raíz","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of hundía","gloss":"root"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking miembros","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of miembros","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"miembros","lemma":"miembro","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies raíz","gloss":"limbs"}]},{"number":162,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p56-s3","source":"Torbellino cuyo roce suave arrancaba a su alma una ternura dolorida, nueva.","translation":"A whirlwind whose gentle touch drew from his soul a pained, new tenderness.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p56-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Torbellino","lemma":"torbellino","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of arrancaba","gloss":"whirlwind"},{"surface":"cuyo","lemma":"cuyo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies roce","gloss":"whose"},{"surface":"roce","lemma":"roce","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of arrancaba","gloss":"touch"},{"surface":"suave","lemma":"suave","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies roce","gloss":"gentle"},{"surface":"arrancaba","lemma":"arrancar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"drew"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking alma","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of alma","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"alma","lemma":"alma","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of arrancaba","gloss":"soul"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of ternura","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ternura","lemma":"ternura","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of arrancaba","gloss":"tenderness"},{"surface":"dolorida","lemma":"dolorido","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies ternura","gloss":"pained"},{"surface":"nueva","lemma":"nuevo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies ternura","gloss":"new"}]},{"number":163,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p56-s4","source":"¡Qué buenas las palabras de Elsa, qué extraordinario contenido!","translation":"How good Elsa's words were, what an extraordinary substance!","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p56-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of buenas","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"buenas","lemma":"buena","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of palabras","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"palabras","lemma":"palabra","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of buenas","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Elsa","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Elsa","lemma":"Elsa","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies palabras","gloss":"Elsa"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of contenido","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"extraordinario","lemma":"extraordinario","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies contenido","gloss":"extraordinary"},{"surface":"contenido","lemma":"contenido","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the second exclamation phrase","gloss":"substance"}]},{"number":164,"label":"57","id":"la-bofetada-p57-s1","source":"–Siempre te quise.","translation":"\"I always loved you.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p57-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Siempre","lemma":"siempre","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies quise","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of quise","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"quise","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I loved"}]},{"number":165,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p57-s2","source":"Ahora también te quiero... nunca ¿por qué nunca hablaste como esta noche?","translation":"I love you now too... never — why did you never speak like this before tonight?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p57-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ahora","lemma":"ahora","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies quiero","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"también","lemma":"también","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies quiero","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of quiero","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"quiero","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I love"},{"surface":"nunca","lemma":"nunca","morphology":"adverb","role":"fragment, stands alone (trails off)","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking qué","gloss":"why","note":"«por qué» together means 'why.'"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"part of phrase por qué (why)","gloss":"why"},{"surface":"nunca","lemma":"nunca","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hablaste","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"hablaste","lemma":"hablar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the question","gloss":"did you speak"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of noche","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"esta","lemma":"este","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of noche","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"noche","lemma":"noche","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of hablaste","gloss":"tonight"}]},{"number":166,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p57-s3","source":"Siento que te voy a querer toda la vida, que el otro a tu lado es la sombra de un hombre.","translation":"I feel I'm going to love you all my life, that the other man beside you is the shadow of a man.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p57-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Siento","lemma":"sentir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I feel"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the complement clause of Siento","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, second-person, singular","role":"direct object of querer","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"voy","lemma":"ir","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of querer","gloss":"am going"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"links voy to querer (periphrastic future)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"querer","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of voy","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"toda","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"modifies vida","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of vida","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"vida","lemma":"vida","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of querer","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the second complement clause of Siento","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of otro","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"otro","lemma":"otro","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lado","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of lado","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"lado","lemma":"lado","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies otro","gloss":"side"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to sombra","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of sombra","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sombra","lemma":"sombra","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"predicate complement of es","gloss":"shadow"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hombre","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hombre","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies sombra","gloss":"man"}]},{"number":167,"label":"58","id":"la-bofetada-p58-s1","source":"Erdosain tenía ahora la certidumbre de que estas palabras salvaban para siempre su alma, mientras que Barsut amontonaba una envidiosa angustia:","translation":"Erdosain now had the certainty that these words saved his soul forever, while Barsut piled up an envious anguish:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p58-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of tenía","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"tenía","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"ahora","lemma":"ahora","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tenía","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of certidumbre","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"certidumbre","lemma":"certidumbre","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of tenía","gloss":"certainty"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase de que, introduces the clause explaining certidumbre","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of salvaban","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"estas","lemma":"este","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of palabras","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"palabras","lemma":"palabra","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of salvaban","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"salvaban","lemma":"salvar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the clause modifying certidumbre","gloss":"saved"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking siempre","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"siempre","lemma":"siempre","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies salvaban","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of alma","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"alma","lemma":"alma","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of salvaban","gloss":"soul"},{"surface":"mientras","lemma":"mientras","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the contrastive clause with Barsut","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase mientras que","gloss":"(no separate meaning here — part of the fixed conjunction mientras que, \"while/whereas\"; the sense is already carried by mientras)"},{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of amontonaba","gloss":"Barsut"},{"surface":"amontonaba","lemma":"amontonar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the clause introduced by mientras","gloss":"piled up"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of angustia","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"envidiosa","lemma":"envidioso","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies angustia","gloss":"envious"},{"surface":"angustia","lemma":"angustia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of amontonaba","gloss":"anguish"}]},{"number":168,"label":"59","id":"la-bofetada-p59-s1","source":"–Y yo hubiera querido preguntarle a ella qué es lo que encontraba a tu lado, abrirte el pecho delante de ella y demostrarle hasta cansarla que vos eras un loco, un canalla, un cobarde...","translation":"\"And I would have wanted to ask her what it was she found at your side, to split your chest open in front of her and prove to her until she was sick of it that you were a madman, a scoundrel, a coward...\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p59-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"hasta cansarla","title":"«hasta» + infinitive","body":"«Hasta» before an infinitive means 'until (the point of) doing': «hasta cansarla» = 'until I wore her out / until she was sick of it'. The pronoun «la» ('her') attaches to the infinitive «cansar»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects to the previous sentence","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of querido","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"hubiera","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of querido","gloss":"would have"},{"surface":"querido","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"wanted"},{"surface":"preguntarle","lemma":"preguntar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of querido","gloss":"ask her"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ella","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ella","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, feminine, singular","role":"indirect object of preguntarle, clarifies the clitic -le","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"predicate complement of es","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the embedded question, complement of preguntarle","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"part of the phrase lo que, subject of es","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of encontraba","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"encontraba","lemma":"encontrar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of es","gloss":"found"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lado","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of lado","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"lado","lemma":"lado","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of encontraba","gloss":"side"},{"surface":"abrirte","lemma":"abrir tú","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of querido, coordinated with preguntarle","gloss":"open"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of pecho","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"pecho","lemma":"pecho","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of abrirte","gloss":"chest"},{"surface":"delante","lemma":"delante","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies abrirte","gloss":"in front"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ella","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"ella","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of delante","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"demostrarle","lemma":"demostrar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"coordinated with abrirte","gloss":"prove to her"},{"surface":"hasta","lemma":"hasta","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of cansarla","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"cansarla","lemma":"cansar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on demostrarle","gloss":"tire her out"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of eras, complement of demostrarle","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, second-person, singular","role":"subject of eras","gloss":"you","note":"Rioplatense \"vos\" replaces \"tú\" as the second-person singular pronoun throughout this novel."},{"surface":"eras","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"copula linking vos to loco","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of loco","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"loco","lemma":"loco","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of eras","gloss":"madman"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of canalla","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"canalla","lemma":"canalla","morphology":"noun, singular","role":"in apposition to loco","gloss":"scoundrel","note":"\"Canalla\" is grammatically feminine but takes the masculine article \"un\" when it refers to a male person."},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cobarde","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"cobarde","lemma":"cobarde","morphology":"noun, singular","role":"in apposition to canalla","gloss":"coward"}]},{"number":169,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p59-s2","source":"Te juro que digo estas palabras sin rabia.","translation":"I swear I say these words without anger.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p59-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, dative, second-person, singular","role":"indirect object of juro","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"juro","lemma":"jurar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"swear"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of digo","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"digo","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of juro","gloss":"say"},{"surface":"estas","lemma":"este","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of palabras","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"palabras","lemma":"palabra","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of digo","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rabia","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"rabia","lemma":"rabia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of digo","gloss":"anger"}]},{"number":170,"label":"60","id":"la-bofetada-p60-s1","source":"–Lo creo –repuso Erdosain.","translation":"\"I believe it,\" Erdosain replied.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p60-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"repuso","title":"«repuso» (from «reponer»)","body":"«Repuso» is the preterite of «reponer» in its sense 'to reply, to retort'. It is a more literary alternative to «respondió» and is irregular, sharing its forms with «poner» («puso»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of creo","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"creo","lemma":"creer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"believe"},{"surface":"repuso","lemma":"reponer","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"parallel clause to creo","gloss":"replied"},{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of repuso","gloss":"Erdosain"}]},{"number":171,"label":"61","id":"la-bofetada-p61-s1","source":"–Ahora mismo, yo me pregunto, mirándote: ¿Con qué ojos mira una mujer a un hombre?","translation":"\"Right now, looking at you, I ask myself: with what eyes does a woman look at a man?\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p61-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ahora","lemma":"ahora","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies pregunto","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"mismo","lemma":"mismo","morphology":"adjective","role":"part of the phrase Ahora mismo","gloss":"right"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of pregunto","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive, singular","role":"reflexive particle of pregunto","gloss":"myself"},{"surface":"pregunto","lemma":"preguntar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"ask"},{"surface":"mirándote","lemma":"mirar tú","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on pregunto","gloss":"looking at you"},{"surface":"Con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ojos","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of ojos","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"ojos","lemma":"ojo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of mira","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"mira","lemma":"mirar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the question, clausal complement of pregunto","gloss":"look"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mujer","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"mujer","lemma":"mujer","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of mira","gloss":"woman"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hombre","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hombre","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of mira","gloss":"man"}]},{"number":172,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p61-s2","source":"Eso es lo que nunca sabremos.","translation":"That's what we'll never know.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p61-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Eso","lemma":"ese","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"part of the phrase lo que, predicate complement of es","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of sabremos","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"nunca","lemma":"nunca","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sabremos","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"sabremos","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"clausal complement of es","gloss":"know"}]},{"number":173,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p61-s3","source":"¿No te parece?","translation":"Don't you think?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p61-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"No","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies parece","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, dative, second-person, singular","role":"indirect object of parece","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"parece","lemma":"parecer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"seem"}]},{"number":174,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p61-s4","source":"Vos para mí eras un desgraciado, al que de un revés se lo saca uno de adelante.","translation":"To me you were a wretch, the kind you knock out of your way with a backhand.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p61-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"desgraciado","title":"«desgraciado»","body":"«Desgraciado» means both 'unfortunate / wretched' and, as an insult, 'wretch / lowlife'. Both senses press on Erdosain here: a man who is pitiable and contemptible at once."}],"words":[{"surface":"Vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, second-person, singular","role":"subject of eras","gloss":"You"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mí","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"mí","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, prepositional, first-person, singular","role":"oblique complement of para","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"eras","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"copula linking to desgraciado","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of desgraciado","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"desgraciado","lemma":"desgraciado","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of eras","gloss":"wretch"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking que","gloss":"to the"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"relative pronoun referring to desgraciado, object of al","gloss":"whom"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking revés","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of revés","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"revés","lemma":"revés","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of saca","gloss":"backhand"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of saca","gloss":"oneself"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of saca","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"saca","lemma":"sacar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the relative clause modifying desgraciado","gloss":"knocks out"},{"surface":"uno","lemma":"uno","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of saca","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking adelante","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"adelante","lemma":"adelante","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies saca","gloss":"the way","note":"\"Sacar (a alguien) de adelante\" is an idiom meaning \"to get (someone) out of the way.\""}]},{"number":175,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p61-s5","source":"Pero para ella, ¿quién eras vos?","translation":"But to her, who were you?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p61-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ella","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ella","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of para","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"quién","lemma":"quién","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"predicate complement of eras","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"eras","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"copula linking to vos","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, second-person, singular","role":"subject of eras","gloss":"you"}]},{"number":176,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p61-s6","source":"Ese es el punto oscuro.","translation":"That's the dark point.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p61-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ese","lemma":"ese","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to punto","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of punto","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"punto","lemma":"punto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of es","gloss":"point"},{"surface":"oscuro","lemma":"oscuro","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies punto","gloss":"dark"}]},{"number":177,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p61-s7","source":"¿Lo supiste alguna vez?","translation":"Did you ever know it?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p61-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of supiste","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"supiste","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"alguna","lemma":"alguno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of vez","gloss":"ever"},{"surface":"vez","lemma":"vez","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of supiste","gloss":"time"}]},{"number":178,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p61-s8","source":"Decíme francamente: ¿supiste vos en tu corazón qué hombre eras para tu mujer?","translation":"Tell me frankly: did you know in your heart what man you were to your wife?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p61-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Decíme","lemma":"decir yo","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"tell me","note":"Voseo imperative: \"decí\" (vos) + the clitic \"me,\" equivalent to standard \"dime.\""},{"surface":"francamente","lemma":"francamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Decíme","gloss":"frankly"},{"surface":"supiste","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the clause following Decíme","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, second-person, singular","role":"subject of supiste","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking corazón","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of corazón","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"corazón","lemma":"corazón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of supiste","gloss":"heart"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of hombre","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of eras","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"eras","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"copula linking to hombre","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mujer","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of mujer","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"mujer","lemma":"mujer","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of eras","gloss":"wife"}]},{"number":179,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p61-s9","source":"¿Qué es lo que ella vio en vos para sufrir tanto a tu lado, y soportarte como lo hizo?","translation":"What was it she saw in you to suffer so much at your side, and to put up with you the way she did?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p61-s9.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"predicate complement of es","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"part of the phrase lo que, subject of es","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of vio","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ella","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, feminine, singular","role":"subject of vio","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"vio","lemma":"ver","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of es","gloss":"saw"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vos","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, prepositional, second-person, singular","role":"oblique complement of vio","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of sufrir","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"sufrir","lemma":"sufrir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on vio","gloss":"suffer"},{"surface":"tanto","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sufrir","gloss":"so much"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lado","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of lado","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"lado","lemma":"lado","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of sufrir","gloss":"side"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"soportarte","lemma":"soportar tú","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"coordinated with sufrir","gloss":"put up with you"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hizo","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of hizo","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"hizo","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying soportarte","gloss":"did"}]},{"number":180,"label":"62","id":"la-bofetada-p62-s1","source":"¡Qué gravemente conversaba Barsut!","translation":"How gravely Barsut talked!","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p62-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gravemente","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"gravemente","lemma":"gravemente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies conversaba","gloss":"gravely"},{"surface":"conversaba","lemma":"conversar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"talked"},{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of conversaba","gloss":"Barsut"}]},{"number":181,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p62-s2","source":"Sus enronquecidas preguntas requerían una contestación.","translation":"His hoarse questions demanded an answer.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p62-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of preguntas","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"enronquecidas","lemma":"enronquecido","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies preguntas","gloss":"hoarse"},{"surface":"preguntas","lemma":"pregunta","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of requerían","gloss":"questions"},{"surface":"requerían","lemma":"requerir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"demanded"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of contestación","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"contestación","lemma":"contestación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of requerían","gloss":"answer"}]},{"number":182,"label":"63","id":"la-bofetada-p63-s1","source":"Erdosain lo sentía en sus inmediaciones no como a un hombre, sino precisamente como a un doble, un espectro de nariz huesuda y cabello de bronce que de pronto se había convertido en un pedazo de su conciencia, ya que como ésta en otras circunstancias, él ahora le dirigía las mismas preguntas.","translation":"Erdosain felt him there beside him not as a man, but precisely as a double, a specter with a bony nose and bronze hair who had suddenly become a piece of his own conscience, since, just as his conscience did in other circumstances, this man was now putting the same questions to him.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p63-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"no como a un hombre, sino... como a un doble","title":"«no... sino» (not... but)","body":"«No... sino» frames a correction: 'not X but (rather) Y'. «No como a un hombre, sino como a un doble» = 'not as a man, but as a double'. The personal «a» before «un hombre / un doble» marks them as the object of «sentía»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of sentía","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of sentía","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"sentía","lemma":"sentir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"felt"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking inmediaciones","gloss":"near"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of inmediaciones","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"inmediaciones","lemma":"inmediación","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of sentía","gloss":"vicinity"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase no como","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"personal a marking hombre in the comparison","gloss":"(untranslated — personal a required before the human complement in the comparison; sense already carried by como)","note":"This \"a\" is the personal a required before a human complement here; it has no separate English translation."},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hombre","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of sentía","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"sino","lemma":"sino","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"precisamente","lemma":"precisamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies doble","gloss":"precisely"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of doble","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking doble","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of doble","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"doble","lemma":"doble","morphology":"noun, singular","role":"coordinated with hombre","gloss":"double"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of espectro","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"espectro","lemma":"espectro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition to doble","gloss":"specter"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nariz","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"nariz","lemma":"nariz","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies espectro","gloss":"nose"},{"surface":"huesuda","lemma":"huesudo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies nariz","gloss":"bony"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"cabello","lemma":"cabello","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with nariz","gloss":"hair"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bronce","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"bronce","lemma":"bronce","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies cabello","gloss":"bronze"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of convertido, refers to espectro","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase de pronto, modifies convertido","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"pronto","lemma":"pronto","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase de pronto, modifies convertido","gloss":"suddenly"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of convertido","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"había","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of convertido","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"convertido","lemma":"convertir","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the relative clause modifying espectro","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pedazo","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of pedazo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"pedazo","lemma":"pedazo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of convertido","gloss":"piece"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking conciencia","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of conciencia","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"conciencia","lemma":"conciencia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies pedazo","gloss":"conscience"},{"surface":"ya","lemma":"ya","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase ya que, introduces the clause of dirigía","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase ya que","gloss":"(no separate meaning here — part of the fixed conjunction ya que, \"since\"; the sense is already carried by ya)"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the comparison clause with ésta","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"ésta","lemma":"este","morphology":"pronoun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of the elided verb, parallel to él","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking circunstancias","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"otras","lemma":"otro","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of circunstancias","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"circunstancias","lemma":"circunstancia","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies the elided verb, parallel to dirigía","gloss":"circumstances"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, singular","role":"subject of dirigía","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ahora","lemma":"ahora","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dirigía","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of dirigía","gloss":"to him"},{"surface":"dirigía","lemma":"dirigir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on sentía","gloss":"directed"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of preguntas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mismas","lemma":"mismo","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"modifies preguntas","gloss":"same"},{"surface":"preguntas","lemma":"pregunta","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of dirigía","gloss":"questions"}]},{"number":183,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p63-s2","source":"Sí, era probable que para vivir tranquilo fuera necesario exterminarlo, y la «idea» se reveló fríamente en él.","translation":"Yes, it was likely that to live in peace it would be necessary to exterminate him, and the \"idea\" revealed itself coldly within him.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p63-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"era probable que... fuera necesario","title":"Subjunctive after «era probable que»","body":"An expression of likelihood like «era probable que» takes the subjunctive: «fuera necesario» ('it would be necessary') is the imperfect subjunctive of «ser». The whole cold thought is held at the distance of mere possibility."}],"words":[{"surface":"Sí","lemma":"sí","morphology":"interjection","role":"introductory discourse marker","gloss":"yes"},{"surface":"era","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to probable","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"probable","lemma":"probable","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"predicate complement of era","gloss":"likely"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of necesario","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of vivir","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"vivir","lemma":"vivir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on necesario","gloss":"live"},{"surface":"tranquilo","lemma":"tranquilo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies vivir","gloss":"in peace"},{"surface":"fuera","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to necesario","gloss":"would be"},{"surface":"necesario","lemma":"necesario","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of fuera","gloss":"necessary"},{"surface":"exterminarlo","lemma":"exterminar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"subject of fuera (extraposed infinitive)","gloss":"exterminate him"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of idea","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"idea","lemma":"idea","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of reveló","gloss":"idea"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of reveló","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"reveló","lemma":"revelar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the clause coordinated with era","gloss":"revealed"},{"surface":"fríamente","lemma":"fríamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies reveló","gloss":"coldly"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking él","gloss":"within"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of reveló","gloss":"him"}]},{"number":184,"label":"64","id":"la-bofetada-p64-s1","source":"–Semejante a una espada entrando en un bloque de algodón –diría más tarde Erdosain.","translation":"\"Like a sword entering a block of cotton,\" Erdosain would say later.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p64-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"diría","title":"Conditional as later narration","body":"«Diría» is the conditional of «decir». Here it does not mean 'would say' as a hypothesis but narrates from the present looking back: 'he would say later', i.e. 'as he later put it'. The narrator frames Erdosain's image as a remembered quotation."}],"words":[{"surface":"Semejante","lemma":"semejante","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking espada","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of espada","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"espada","lemma":"espada","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies Semejante","gloss":"sword"},{"surface":"entrando","lemma":"entrar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"modifies espada","gloss":"entering"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bloque","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of bloque","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"bloque","lemma":"bloque","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of entrando","gloss":"block"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking algodón","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"algodón","lemma":"algodón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies bloque","gloss":"cotton"},{"surface":"diría","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, conditional, third-person, singular","role":"parallel clause to Semejante","gloss":"would say"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tarde","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"tarde","lemma":"tarde","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies diría","gloss":"later"},{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of diría","gloss":"Erdosain"}]},{"number":185,"label":"65","id":"la-bofetada-p65-s1","source":"Barsut ni remotamente se imaginó que en aquel instante, Remo acababa de condenarlo a muerte.","translation":"Barsut did not remotely imagine that in that instant Remo had just condemned him to death.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p65-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"acababa de condenarlo","title":"«acabar de» + infinitive","body":"«Acabar de» plus an infinitive means 'to have just (done something)': «acababa de condenarlo» = 'had just condemned him'. In the imperfect it sets the freshly completed act against Barsut's total unawareness."}],"words":[{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of imaginó","gloss":"Barsut"},{"surface":"ni","lemma":"ni","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies imaginó","gloss":"not even"},{"surface":"remotamente","lemma":"remotamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies imaginó","gloss":"remotely"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of imaginó","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"imaginó","lemma":"imaginar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"imagined"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of acababa","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking instante","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"aquel","lemma":"aquel","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of instante","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"instante","lemma":"instante","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of acababa","gloss":"instant"},{"surface":"Remo","lemma":"Remo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of acababa","gloss":"Remo"},{"surface":"acababa","lemma":"acabar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of imaginó","gloss":"had just","note":"\"Acabar de\" + infinitive means \"to have just done (something).\""},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of condenarlo","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"condenarlo","lemma":"condenar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of acababa","gloss":"condemned him"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking muerte","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"muerte","lemma":"muerte","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of condenarlo","gloss":"death"}]},{"number":186,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p65-s2","source":"Explicándome luego las circunstancias de esa concepción, Erdosain me decía:","translation":"Explaining to me later the circumstances of that conception, Erdosain said to me:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p65-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Explicándome","lemma":"explicar yo","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on decía","gloss":"explaining to me"},{"surface":"luego","lemma":"luego","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Explicándome","gloss":"later"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of circunstancias","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"circunstancias","lemma":"circunstancia","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of Explicándome","gloss":"circumstances"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking concepción","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"esa","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of concepción","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"concepción","lemma":"concepción","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies circunstancias","gloss":"conception"},{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of decía","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of decía","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"decía","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"}]},{"number":187,"label":"66","id":"la-bofetada-p66-s1","source":"«¿Usted ha visto a un general en un campo de batalla?...","translation":"\"Have you ever seen a general on a battlefield?...","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p66-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"¿Usted ha visto...?","title":"Formal «usted»","body":"With the narrator, Erdosain switches to the formal «usted» and its third-person verb «ha visto» ('have you seen'), a marked contrast to the intimate «vos» he used with Barsut. The pronoun choice signals the new, more distant relationship."}],"words":[{"surface":"Usted","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, singular","role":"subject of visto","gloss":"You"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of visto","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"visto","lemma":"ver","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"seen"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking general (personal a)","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of general","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"general","lemma":"general","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of visto","gloss":"general"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking campo","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of campo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"campo","lemma":"campo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of visto","gloss":"field"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking batalla","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"batalla","lemma":"batalla","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies campo","gloss":"battle"}]},{"number":188,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p66-s2","source":"Pero para hacerle más accesible mi idea le diré como inventor: Usted busca durante cierto tiempo la solución de un problema.","translation":"But to make my idea more accessible to you I'll tell you, as an inventor: you search for a certain time for the solution to a problem.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p66-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies diré","gloss":"But"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of hacerle","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"hacerle","lemma":"hacer él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on diré","gloss":"make it to you","note":"The enclitic -le is a dative pronoun ('to you'), referring to the person Erdosain is addressing."},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies accesible","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"accesible","lemma":"accesible","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"predicate complement of hacerle, modifies idea","gloss":"accessible"},{"surface":"mi","lemma":"mi","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of idea","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"idea","lemma":"idea","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of hacerle","gloss":"idea"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of diré","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"diré","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I'll tell"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of inventor","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"inventor","lemma":"inventor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of diré","gloss":"inventor"},{"surface":"Usted","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, singular","role":"subject of busca","gloss":"You"},{"surface":"busca","lemma":"buscar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the second clause (introduced after the colon)","gloss":"search"},{"surface":"durante","lemma":"durante","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tiempo","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"cierto","lemma":"cierto","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of tiempo","gloss":"certain"},{"surface":"tiempo","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of busca","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of solución","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"solución","lemma":"solución","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of busca","gloss":"solution"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking problema","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of problema","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"problema","lemma":"problema","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies solución","gloss":"problem"}]},{"number":189,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p66-s3","source":"Usted sabe, tiene la seguridad de que la clave, el secreto, está en usted, pero no lo puede conocer, tan cubierto está el secreto de capas de misterio.","translation":"You know, you are certain that the key, the secret, is within you, but you cannot grasp it, so covered is the secret in layers of mystery.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p66-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Usted","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, singular","role":"subject of sabe","gloss":"You"},{"surface":"sabe","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"tiene","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with sabe (asyndetic)","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of seguridad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"seguridad","lemma":"seguridad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of tiene","gloss":"certainty"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the complement clause of seguridad","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the complement clause of seguridad","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of clave","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"clave","lemma":"clave","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of está","gloss":"key"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of secreto","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"secreto","lemma":"secreto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition to clave","gloss":"secret"},{"surface":"está","lemma":"estar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to usted","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking usted","gloss":"within"},{"surface":"usted","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, singular","role":"object of en, complement of está","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies conocer","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of conocer","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"puede","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of conocer","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"conocer","lemma":"conocer","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the clause, coordinated with tiene/sabe via pero","gloss":"grasp"},{"surface":"tan","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies cubierto","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"cubierto","lemma":"cubierto","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of está, describes secreto (fronted)","gloss":"covered"},{"surface":"está","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to cubierto","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of secreto","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"secreto","lemma":"secreto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of está","gloss":"secret"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking capas","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"capas","lemma":"capa","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies cubierto","gloss":"layers"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking misterio","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"misterio","lemma":"misterio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies capas","gloss":"mystery"}]},{"number":190,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p66-s4","source":"Y un día, en el momento más inesperado, de pronto el plan, la visión completa de la máquina, aparece ante sus ojos, deslumbrándolo con su fácil exactitud.","translation":"And one day, at the most unexpected moment, suddenly the plan, the complete vision of the machine, appears before your eyes, dazzling you with its easy exactness.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p66-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies aparece","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of día","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"día","lemma":"día","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of aparece","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking momento","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of momento","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"momento","lemma":"momento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of aparece","gloss":"moment"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies inesperado","gloss":"most"},{"surface":"inesperado","lemma":"inesperado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies momento","gloss":"unexpected"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the idiom de pronto, modifies aparece","gloss":"suddenly"},{"surface":"pronto","lemma":"pronto","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the idiom de pronto, modifies aparece","gloss":"suddenly"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of plan","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"plan","lemma":"plan","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of aparece","gloss":"plan"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of visión","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"visión","lemma":"visión","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"in apposition to plan","gloss":"vision"},{"surface":"completa","lemma":"completo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies visión","gloss":"complete"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking máquina","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of máquina","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"máquina","lemma":"máquina","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies visión","gloss":"machine"},{"surface":"aparece","lemma":"aparecer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"appears"},{"surface":"ante","lemma":"ante","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ojos","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of ojos","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"ojos","lemma":"ojo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of aparece","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"deslumbrándolo","lemma":"deslumbrar él","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on aparece","gloss":"dazzling you"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking exactitud","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of exactitud","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"fácil","lemma":"fácil","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies exactitud","gloss":"easy"},{"surface":"exactitud","lemma":"exactitud","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of deslumbrándolo","gloss":"exactness"}]},{"number":191,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p66-s5","source":"¡Es algo maravilloso!","translation":"It's something marvelous!","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p66-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to algo","gloss":"It's"},{"surface":"algo","lemma":"algo","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"something"},{"surface":"maravilloso","lemma":"maravilloso","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies algo","gloss":"marvelous"}]},{"number":192,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p66-s6","source":"Imagínese un general en un campo de batalla... todo está perdido, y de pronto, clara, precisa, se le aparece una solución que jamás había soñado concebir, y que, sin embargo, tenía allí, al alcance de su mano, en el interior de sí mismo.","translation":"Picture a general on a battlefield... all is lost, and suddenly, clear, precise, a solution appears to him that he had never dreamed of conceiving, and that, nevertheless, he had right there, within reach of his hand, inside himself.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p66-s6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Imagínese","title":"«usted» command with pronoun","body":"«Imagínese» is the «usted» imperative of «imaginarse» ('to imagine'), with the reflexive «se» attached and an accent added to keep the stress: 'imagine (for yourself)'. Formal commands borrow the present-subjunctive form."}],"words":[{"surface":"Imagínese","lemma":"imaginar él","morphology":"verb, imperative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"Picture"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of general","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"general","lemma":"general","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of Imagínese","gloss":"general"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking campo","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of campo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"campo","lemma":"campo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies general","gloss":"field"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking batalla","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"batalla","lemma":"batalla","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies campo","gloss":"battle"},{"surface":"todo","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of está","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"está","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to perdido","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"perdido","lemma":"perdido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of está, describes todo","gloss":"lost"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the idiom de pronto, modifies aparece","gloss":"suddenly"},{"surface":"pronto","lemma":"pronto","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the idiom de pronto, modifies aparece","gloss":"suddenly"},{"surface":"clara","lemma":"claro","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"depictive predicate describing solución (fronted), coordinated with precisa","gloss":"clear"},{"surface":"precisa","lemma":"preciso","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with clara, depictive predicate describing solución (fronted)","gloss":"precise"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of aparece","gloss":"(itself)"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of aparece","gloss":"to him"},{"surface":"aparece","lemma":"aparecer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the clause, coordinated with está (perdido) via y","gloss":"appears"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of solución","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"solución","lemma":"solución","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of aparece","gloss":"solution"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of concebir, referring to solución","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jamás","lemma":"jamás","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies soñado","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"había","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of soñado","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"soñado","lemma":"soñar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the relative clause modifying solución","gloss":"dreamed"},{"surface":"concebir","lemma":"concebir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of soñado","gloss":"conceiving"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of tenía, coreferential with solución","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the idiom sin embargo, modifies tenía","gloss":"nevertheless"},{"surface":"embargo","lemma":"embargo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"part of the idiom sin embargo, modifies tenía","gloss":"nevertheless"},{"surface":"tenía","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the relative clause (coordinated with había soñado concebir)","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"allí","lemma":"allí","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tenía","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the idiom al alcance de, modifies tenía","gloss":"within"},{"surface":"alcance","lemma":"alcance","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"part of the idiom al alcance de, complement of al","gloss":"reach","note":"'Al alcance de' is a fixed idiom meaning 'within reach of.'"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mano, modifies alcance","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of mano","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"mano","lemma":"mano","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies alcance (object of de)","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking interior","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of interior","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"interior","lemma":"interior","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of tenía","gloss":"interior"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sí","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"sí","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"object of de, modifies interior","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"mismo","lemma":"mismo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies sí","gloss":"self"}]},{"number":193,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p66-s7","source":"Yo, en aquel instante, supe que tenía que hacerlo matar a Barsut, y él, frente a mí, amontonando palabras inútiles no se imaginaba que yo, con la boca hinchada, la nariz dolorida, retenía una alegría estupenda, un deslumbramiento semejante al que se experimenta cuando lo que se ha descubierto es fatal como una ley matemática.","translation":"I, in that instant, knew I had to have Barsut killed, and he, across from me, heaping up useless words, did not imagine that I, with my swollen mouth, my aching nose, was holding back a stupendous joy, a dazzlement like the one you feel when what you've discovered is as inexorable as a mathematical law.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p66-s7.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"supe","title":"«supe» = 'I realized'","body":"In the preterite, «saber» shifts meaning from 'to know' to 'to find out / realize' at a single moment: «supe que tenía que...» = 'I realized that I had to...'. The preterite marks the flash of insight; the imperfect «sabía» would mean a standing knowledge."},{"kind":"grammar","term":"hacerlo matar a Barsut","title":"Causative «hacer matar»","body":"«Hacer matar a alguien» means 'to have someone killed' — to cause the death without doing it oneself. This is the cold heart of Erdosain's plan: not to kill Barsut, but to «hacerlo matar», to have him killed."}],"words":[{"surface":"Yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of supe","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking instante","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"aquel","lemma":"aquel","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of instante","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"instante","lemma":"instante","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of supe","gloss":"instant"},{"surface":"supe","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the complement clause of supe","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"tenía","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of supe","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the periphrasis tenía que (=had to), links to hacerlo","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"hacerlo","lemma":"hacer él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of tenía (tener que + infinitive)","gloss":"have him","note":"Causative 'hacer + infinitive': hacerlo matar = 'have him killed' (the enclitic lo anticipates a Barsut)."},{"surface":"matar","lemma":"matar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of hacerlo","gloss":"killed"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Barsut (personal a)","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of matar","gloss":"Barsut"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, singular","role":"subject of imaginaba","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"frente","lemma":"frente","morphology":"noun, part of the compound preposition frente a","role":"head of the compound preposition frente a, marking mí","gloss":"across"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the compound preposition frente a","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"mí","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"object of frente a","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"amontonando","lemma":"amontonar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on imaginaba","gloss":"heaping up"},{"surface":"palabras","lemma":"palabra","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of amontonando","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"inútiles","lemma":"inútil","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies palabras","gloss":"useless"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies imaginaba","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive dative particle of imaginaba (imaginarse)","gloss":"to himself"},{"surface":"imaginaba","lemma":"imaginar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the second clause, coordinated with supe via y","gloss":"imagine"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the complement clause of imaginaba","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of retenía","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking boca","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of boca","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"boca","lemma":"boca","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of con, coordinated with nariz","gloss":"mouth"},{"surface":"hinchada","lemma":"hinchado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies boca","gloss":"swollen"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of nariz","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"nariz","lemma":"nariz","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with boca, object of con","gloss":"nose"},{"surface":"dolorida","lemma":"dolorido","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies nariz","gloss":"aching"},{"surface":"retenía","lemma":"retener","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of imaginaba","gloss":"was holding back"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of alegría","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"alegría","lemma":"alegría","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of retenía","gloss":"joy"},{"surface":"estupenda","lemma":"estupendo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies alegría","gloss":"stupendous"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of deslumbramiento","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"deslumbramiento","lemma":"deslumbramiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of retenía","gloss":"dazzlement"},{"surface":"semejante","lemma":"semejante","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies deslumbramiento","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking que (semejante al que = 'like the one that')","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of experimenta (antecedent deslumbramiento, via al que)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"passive/impersonal reflexive particle of experimenta","gloss":"(passive)"},{"surface":"experimenta","lemma":"experimentar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"relative clause modifying deslumbramiento (via 'semejante al que')","gloss":"is felt"},{"surface":"cuando","lemma":"cuando","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fatal","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"forms the relative phrase lo que (antecedent) with que, subject of es","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of descubierto (passive), completes lo que","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"passive reflexive particle of descubierto","gloss":"(passive)"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of descubierto","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"descubierto","lemma":"descubrir","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the relative clause (subject clause of es)","gloss":"discovered"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to fatal","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"fatal","lemma":"fatal","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"predicate complement of es, describes lo (que se ha descubierto)","gloss":"inexorable","note":"Here 'fatal' means 'fated, inexorable' — not 'deadly'; a subtle false friend."},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ley","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of ley","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ley","lemma":"ley","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of fatal","gloss":"law"},{"surface":"matemática","lemma":"matemático","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies ley","gloss":"mathematical"}]},{"number":194,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p66-s8","source":"Quizás existe también una matemática del espíritu cuyas terribles leyes no son tan inviolables como las que rigen las combinaciones de los números y de las líneas.","translation":"Perhaps there also exists a mathematics of the spirit whose terrible laws are not as inviolable as those governing the combinations of numbers and lines.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p66-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Quizás","lemma":"quizás","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies existe","gloss":"perhaps"},{"surface":"existe","lemma":"existir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"exists"},{"surface":"también","lemma":"también","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies existe","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of matemática","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"matemática","lemma":"matemática","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of existe","gloss":"mathematics"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition (contraction of de + el)","role":"preposition marking espíritu","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"espíritu","lemma":"espíritu","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies matemática","gloss":"spirit"},{"surface":"cuyas","lemma":"cuyo","morphology":"pronoun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies leyes","gloss":"whose"},{"surface":"terribles","lemma":"terrible","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies leyes","gloss":"terrible"},{"surface":"leyes","lemma":"ley","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of son","gloss":"laws"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies son","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"son","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"copula linking to inviolables","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"tan","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies inviolables","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"inviolables","lemma":"inviolable","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"complement of son","gloss":"inviolable"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the comparison to inviolables","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"pronoun, feminine, plural","role":"head of the relative clause (referring to leyes)","gloss":"those"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of rigen","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"rigen","lemma":"regir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"relative clause modifying las","gloss":"govern"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of combinaciones","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"combinaciones","lemma":"combinación","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of rigen","gloss":"combinations"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking números","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of números","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"números","lemma":"número","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies combinaciones","gloss":"numbers"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking líneas","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of líneas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"líneas","lemma":"línea","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"coordinated with números","gloss":"lines"}]},{"number":195,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p66-s9","source":"Porque es curioso.","translation":"Because it's curious.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p66-s9.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Porque","lemma":"porque","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of curioso","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to curioso","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"curioso","lemma":"curioso","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of es","gloss":"curious"}]},{"number":196,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p66-s10","source":"Aquella bofetada que aun me hacía sangrar la encía, como el cuño de una prensa hidráulica estampó en mi conciencia las líneas definitivas de un plan de muerte.","translation":"That slap, which still made my gum bleed, like the die of a hydraulic press stamped into my conscience the definitive lines of a plan of death.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p66-s10.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"el cuño","title":"«cuño»","body":"A «cuño» is a die or stamp — the engraved tool that strikes a coin or seal. Arlt extends the metaphor: the slap, like a press, stamps the murder plan permanently into Erdosain's mind."}],"words":[{"surface":"Aquella","lemma":"aquel","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of bofetada","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"bofetada","lemma":"bofetada","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of estampó","gloss":"slap"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of hacía, relative clause modifying bofetada","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"aun","lemma":"aun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hacía","gloss":"still","note":"Written here without the accent, but functions as \"aún\" (still/yet) rather than \"aun\" (even)."},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of hacía","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"hacía","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"verb of the relative clause modifying bofetada","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"sangrar","lemma":"sangrar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of hacía","gloss":"bleed"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of encía","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"encía","lemma":"encía","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of hacía (logical subject of sangrar)","gloss":"gum"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces comparison, compares bofetada to cuño","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cuño","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cuño","lemma":"cuño","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"compared with bofetada (subject of estampó)","gloss":"die"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking prensa","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of prensa","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"prensa","lemma":"prensa","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies cuño","gloss":"press"},{"surface":"hidráulica","lemma":"hidráulico","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies prensa","gloss":"hydraulic"},{"surface":"estampó","lemma":"estampar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stamped"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking conciencia","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"mi","lemma":"mi","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of conciencia","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"conciencia","lemma":"conciencia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of estampó","gloss":"conscience"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of líneas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"líneas","lemma":"línea","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of estampó","gloss":"lines"},{"surface":"definitivas","lemma":"definitivo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies líneas","gloss":"definitive"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking plan","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of plan","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"plan","lemma":"plan","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies líneas","gloss":"plan"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking muerte","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"muerte","lemma":"muerte","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies plan","gloss":"death"}]},{"number":197,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p66-s11","source":"¿Se da cuenta?","translation":"Do you see?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p66-s11.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of da","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"dar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"realize","note":"\"Darse cuenta\" is an idiom meaning \"to realize/notice,\" literally \"to give oneself an account.\""},{"surface":"cuenta","lemma":"cuenta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"compound with da","gloss":"account"}]},{"number":198,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p66-s12","source":"Un plan son tres líneas generales, tres admisibles líneas rectas, nada más.","translation":"A plan is three general lines, three admissible straight lines, nothing more.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p66-s12.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of plan","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"plan","lemma":"plan","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of son","gloss":"plan"},{"surface":"son","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"copula linking to líneas","gloss":"is","note":"The verb agrees with the plural predicate noun (líneas) rather than the singular subject (plan) — a normal Spanish pattern, not an error."},{"surface":"tres","lemma":"tres","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies líneas","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"líneas","lemma":"línea","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"complement of son","gloss":"lines"},{"surface":"generales","lemma":"general","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies líneas","gloss":"general"},{"surface":"tres","lemma":"tres","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies líneas","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"admisibles","lemma":"admisible","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies líneas","gloss":"admissible"},{"surface":"líneas","lemma":"línea","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"in apposition to líneas","gloss":"lines"},{"surface":"rectas","lemma":"recto","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies líneas","gloss":"straight"},{"surface":"nada","lemma":"nada","morphology":"pronoun, indefinite, singular","role":"in apposition to líneas","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies nada","gloss":"more"}]},{"number":199,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p66-s13","source":"Y en tumulto, se amontonaba mi regocijo sobre ese relieve en frío cuyas tres sintéticas líneas encerraban esto: secuestrar a Barsut, hacerlo matar y con su dinero fundar la sociedad secreta como deseaba el Astrólogo.","translation":"And in a tumult, my elation piled up over that cold relief whose three terse lines held this: to kidnap Barsut, to have him killed, and with his money to found the secret society as the Astrologer wished.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p66-s13.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links to the previous sentence","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tumulto","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"tumulto","lemma":"tumulto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies amontonaba","gloss":"tumult"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of amontonaba","gloss":"(reflexive)","note":"\"Amontonarse\" (pronominal) means \"to pile up/accumulate\"; the \"se\" is not literal \"itself.\""},{"surface":"amontonaba","lemma":"amontonar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"piled up"},{"surface":"mi","lemma":"mi","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of regocijo","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"regocijo","lemma":"regocijo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of amontonaba","gloss":"elation"},{"surface":"sobre","lemma":"sobre","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking relieve","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"ese","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of relieve","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"relieve","lemma":"relieve","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies amontonaba","gloss":"relief"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking frío","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"frío","lemma":"frío","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies relieve","gloss":"cold"},{"surface":"cuyas","lemma":"cuyo","morphology":"pronoun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies líneas","gloss":"whose"},{"surface":"tres","lemma":"tres","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies líneas","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"sintéticas","lemma":"sintético","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies líneas","gloss":"terse"},{"surface":"líneas","lemma":"línea","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of encerraban","gloss":"lines"},{"surface":"encerraban","lemma":"encerrar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"relative clause modifying relieve","gloss":"held"},{"surface":"esto","lemma":"este","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of encerraban","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"secuestrar","lemma":"secuestrar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"in apposition to esto","gloss":"kidnap"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Barsut","gloss":"(personal a)","note":"The \"personal a\" precedes a direct object that is a specific person; it has no independent translation."},{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of secuestrar","gloss":"Barsut"},{"surface":"hacerlo","lemma":"hacer él","morphology":"verb, infinitive, with clitic pronoun","role":"coordinated with secuestrar","gloss":"have him","note":"Causative \"hacer + infinitive\": \"hacerlo matar\" = \"to have him killed\"; \"lo\" = \"him\" (Barsut)."},{"surface":"matar","lemma":"matar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of hacerlo","gloss":"killed"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dinero","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of dinero","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"dinero","lemma":"dinero","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of fundar","gloss":"money"},{"surface":"fundar","lemma":"fundar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"coordinated with secuestrar","gloss":"found"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of sociedad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sociedad","lemma":"sociedad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of fundar","gloss":"society"},{"surface":"secreta","lemma":"secreto","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies sociedad","gloss":"secret"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of deseaba","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"deseaba","lemma":"desear","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on fundar","gloss":"wished"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of deseaba","gloss":"Astrologer"}]},{"number":200,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p66-s14","source":"¿Se da cuenta usted?","translation":"Do you see?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p66-s14.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of da","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"dar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"realize","note":"\"Darse cuenta\" is an idiom meaning \"to realize/notice,\" literally \"to give oneself an account.\""},{"surface":"cuenta","lemma":"cuenta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"compound with da","gloss":"account"},{"surface":"usted","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, second-person formal, nominative, singular","role":"subject of da","gloss":"you"}]},{"number":201,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p66-s15","source":"El plan del crimen surgió espontáneamente en mí, mientras que el otro hablaba tristemente de nuestras dos almas condenadas.","translation":"The plan of the crime arose spontaneously in me, while the other man spoke sadly of our two condemned souls.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p66-s15.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of plan","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"plan","lemma":"plan","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of surgió","gloss":"plan"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition (contraction of de + el)","role":"preposition marking crimen","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"crimen","lemma":"crimen","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies plan","gloss":"crime"},{"surface":"surgió","lemma":"surgir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"arose"},{"surface":"espontáneamente","lemma":"espontáneamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies surgió","gloss":"spontaneously"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mí","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"mí","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, prepositional, singular","role":"oblique complement of surgió","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"mientras","lemma":"mientras","morphology":"conjunction","role":"head of the phrase mientras que","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase mientras","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of otro","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"otro","lemma":"otro","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of hablaba","gloss":"other man"},{"surface":"hablaba","lemma":"hablar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause introduced by mientras que, modifies surgió","gloss":"spoke"},{"surface":"tristemente","lemma":"tristemente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hablaba","gloss":"sadly"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking almas","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"nuestras","lemma":"nuestro","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of almas","gloss":"our"},{"surface":"dos","lemma":"dos","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies almas","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"almas","lemma":"alma","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of hablaba","gloss":"souls"},{"surface":"condenadas","lemma":"condenado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies almas","gloss":"condemned"}]},{"number":202,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p66-s16","source":"El plan apareció en mí como si lo hubieran estampado en una plancha de hierro a miles de libras de presión.","translation":"The plan appeared in me as if it had been stamped onto an iron plate at thousands of pounds of pressure.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p66-s16.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"como si lo hubieran estampado","title":"«como si» + pluperfect subjunctive","body":"For an unreal comparison about something already completed, «como si» takes the pluperfect subjunctive: «como si lo hubieran estampado» = 'as if they had stamped it'. The impersonal third-person plural «hubieran» leaves the stamper unnamed."}],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of plan","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"plan","lemma":"plan","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of apareció","gloss":"plan"},{"surface":"apareció","lemma":"aparecer","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"appeared"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mí","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"mí","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, prepositional, singular","role":"oblique complement of apareció","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of estampado","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of estampado","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of estampado","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"hubieran","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of estampado","gloss":"had","note":"hubieran estampado is a pluperfect subjunctive giving the counterfactual, passive-feeling sense 'had been stamped' (as if it had been stamped)."},{"surface":"estampado","lemma":"estampar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"adverbial clause on apareció","gloss":"stamped"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking plancha","gloss":"onto"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of plancha","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"plancha","lemma":"plancha","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of estampado","gloss":"plate"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hierro","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"hierro","lemma":"hierro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies plancha","gloss":"iron"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking miles","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"miles","lemma":"mil","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"oblique complement of estampado","gloss":"thousands"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking libras","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"libras","lemma":"libra","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies miles","gloss":"pounds"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking presión","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"presión","lemma":"presión","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies libras","gloss":"pressure"}]},{"number":203,"label":"67","id":"la-bofetada-p67-s1","source":"«¡Ah! ¿Cómo explicarle?","translation":"\"Ah! How can I explain it to you?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p67-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ah","lemma":"ah","morphology":"interjection","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Ah"},{"surface":"Cómo","lemma":"cómo","morphology":"adverb, interrogative","role":"modifies explicarle","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"explicarle","lemma":"explicar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the question","gloss":"explain it to you","note":"le addresses the listener formally (usted), so it means 'to you' here, not 'to him.'"}]},{"number":204,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p67-s2","source":"De pronto yo me olvidé de todo retenido por una contemplación helada, llena de gozo, algo así como la aurora que descubre un trasnochador consuetudinario que lo alivia de su cansancio en la mañana que sucedió a una noche llena de fatigas.","translation":"Suddenly I forgot everything, held by an icy contemplation, full of delight, something like the dawn that a habitual night-owl discovers, which relieves him of his weariness in the morning that follows a night full of toil.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p67-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"me olvidé de todo","title":"«olvidarse de»","body":"«Olvidarse de» is the common pronominal way to say 'to forget': «me olvidé de todo» = 'I forgot everything'. The non-pronominal «olvidar algo» means the same but is less colloquial."}],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies olvidé","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"pronto","lemma":"pronto","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase De","gloss":"suddenly"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of olvidé","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of olvidé","gloss":"myself"},{"surface":"olvidé","lemma":"olvidar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"forgot"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking todo","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"todo","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of olvidé","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"retenido","lemma":"retenido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies todo","gloss":"held"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking contemplación","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of contemplación","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"contemplación","lemma":"contemplación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of retenido","gloss":"contemplation"},{"surface":"helada","lemma":"helado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies contemplación","gloss":"icy"},{"surface":"llena","lemma":"lleno","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies contemplación","gloss":"full"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gozo","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"gozo","lemma":"gozo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of llena","gloss":"delight"},{"surface":"algo","lemma":"algo","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"in apposition to contemplación","gloss":"something"},{"surface":"así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase algo","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase así","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of aurora","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"aurora","lemma":"aurora","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of como","gloss":"dawn"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of descubre","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"descubre","lemma":"descubrir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying aurora","gloss":"discovers"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of trasnochador","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"trasnochador","lemma":"trasnochador","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of descubre","gloss":"night-owl"},{"surface":"consuetudinario","lemma":"consuetudinario","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies trasnochador","gloss":"habitual"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of alivia","gloss":"which","note":"refers back to aurora (the dawn) rather than the closer trasnochador — it is the dawn that relieves him."},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of alivia","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"alivia","lemma":"aliviar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying aurora","gloss":"relieves"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cansancio","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of cansancio","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"cansancio","lemma":"cansancio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of alivia","gloss":"weariness"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mañana","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mañana","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mañana","lemma":"mañana","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of alivia","gloss":"morning"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of sucedió","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"sucedió","lemma":"suceder","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying mañana","gloss":"followed"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking noche","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of noche","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"noche","lemma":"noche","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of sucedió","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"llena","lemma":"lleno","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies noche","gloss":"full"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fatigas","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"fatigas","lemma":"fatiga","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of llena","gloss":"toil"}]},{"number":205,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p67-s3","source":"¿Se da cuenta?","translation":"Do you see?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p67-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of da","gloss":"yourself"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"dar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"realize","note":"darse cuenta is the idiom 'to realize/notice'; da is the formal usted form, so ¿Se da cuenta? = 'Do you understand?'"},{"surface":"cuenta","lemma":"cuenta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"compound with da","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":206,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p67-s4","source":"Hacerlo asesinar a Barsut por un hombre que imperiosamente necesitaba dinero para llevar a cabo una idea genial.","translation":"To have Barsut murdered by a man who urgently needed money to carry out a brilliant idea.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p67-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"llevar a cabo","title":"«llevar a cabo»","body":"«Llevar a cabo» is a fixed phrase meaning 'to carry out, to bring about, to accomplish'. «Para llevar a cabo una idea genial» = 'to carry out a brilliant idea'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hacerlo","lemma":"hacer él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to have him"},{"surface":"asesinar","lemma":"asesinar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of Hacerlo","gloss":"murdered"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Barsut","gloss":"marks Barsut"},{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of asesinar","gloss":"Barsut"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hombre","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hombre","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of asesinar","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of necesitaba","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"imperiosamente","lemma":"imperiosamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies necesitaba","gloss":"urgently"},{"surface":"necesitaba","lemma":"necesitar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying hombre","gloss":"needed"},{"surface":"dinero","lemma":"dinero","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of necesitaba","gloss":"money"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of llevar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"llevar","lemma":"llevar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on necesitaba","gloss":"carry"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cabo","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"cabo","lemma":"cabo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"compound with llevar","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of idea","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"idea","lemma":"idea","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of llevar","gloss":"idea"},{"surface":"genial","lemma":"genial","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies idea","gloss":"brilliant"}]},{"number":207,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p67-s5","source":"Y esta nueva aurora que latía en mí estaba tan perfectamente individualizada que muchas veces, más tarde, me he preguntado qué secreto llega a encerrar el alma de un hombre que, sucesivamente, le van mostrando horizontes nuevos, descascarando sensaciones que para él mismo son un asombro por su origen aparentemente ilógico».","translation":"And this new dawn pulsing in me was so perfectly defined that many times, later, I have asked myself what secret the soul of a man comes to hold when, one after another, new horizons are shown to him, peeling away sensations that are an astonishment even to himself for their apparently illogical origin.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p67-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects to previous sentence","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"esta","lemma":"este","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of aurora","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"nueva","lemma":"nuevo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies aurora","gloss":"new"},{"surface":"aurora","lemma":"aurora","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of estaba","gloss":"dawn"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of latía","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"latía","lemma":"latir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying aurora","gloss":"pulsed"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mí","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"mí","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, prepositional, singular","role":"oblique complement of latía","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"estaba","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to individualizada","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"tan","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies perfectamente","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"perfectamente","lemma":"perfectamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies individualizada","gloss":"perfectly"},{"surface":"individualizada","lemma":"individualizado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"predicate of estaba","gloss":"defined"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of preguntado","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"muchas","lemma":"mucho","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of veces","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"veces","lemma":"vez","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of preguntado","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tarde","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"tarde","lemma":"tarde","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies preguntado","gloss":"late"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive indirect object of preguntado","gloss":"myself"},{"surface":"he","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of preguntado","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"preguntado","lemma":"preguntar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"clause modifying individualizada","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of secreto","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"secreto","lemma":"secreto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of encerrar","gloss":"secret"},{"surface":"llega","lemma":"llegar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of preguntado","gloss":"comes"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of encerrar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"encerrar","lemma":"encerrar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of llega","gloss":"hold"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of alma","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"alma","lemma":"alma","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of llega","gloss":"soul","note":"alma is feminine even though it takes the masculine article el — a phonetic rule for feminine nouns beginning with stressed a-."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hombre","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hombre","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies alma","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"introduces the relative clause on hombre","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"sucesivamente","lemma":"sucesivamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies mostrando","gloss":"one after another"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of mostrando","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"van","lemma":"ir","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of mostrando","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"mostrando","lemma":"mostrar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"clause modifying hombre","gloss":"showing"},{"surface":"horizontes","lemma":"horizonte","morphology":"noun, plural","role":"direct object of mostrando","gloss":"horizons"},{"surface":"nuevos","lemma":"nuevo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies horizontes","gloss":"new"},{"surface":"descascarando","lemma":"descascarar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on mostrando","gloss":"peeling away"},{"surface":"sensaciones","lemma":"sensación","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of descascarando","gloss":"sensations"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of son","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking él","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of asombro","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"mismo","lemma":"mismo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies él","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"son","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"copula linking to asombro","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of asombro","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"asombro","lemma":"asombro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate of son","gloss":"astonishment"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking origen","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of origen","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"origen","lemma":"origen","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies asombro","gloss":"origin"},{"surface":"aparentemente","lemma":"aparentemente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ilógico","gloss":"apparently"},{"surface":"ilógico","lemma":"ilógico","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies origen","gloss":"illogical"}]},{"number":208,"label":"68","id":"la-bofetada-p68-s1","source":"En el curso de esta historia he olvidado decir que cuando Erdosain se entusiasmaba, giraba en torno de la «idea» eje con palabras numerosas.","translation":"In the course of this story I have forgotten to say that when Erdosain grew excited, he would circle around the axis-\"idea\" with a flood of words.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p68-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"En","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking curso","gloss":"In"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of curso","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"curso","lemma":"curso","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of olvidado","gloss":"course"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking historia","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"esta","lemma":"este","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of historia","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"historia","lemma":"historia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies curso","gloss":"story"},{"surface":"he","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of olvidado","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"olvidado","lemma":"olvidar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"forgotten"},{"surface":"decir","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of olvidado","gloss":"to say"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of giraba","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"cuando","lemma":"cuando","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of entusiasmaba","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of entusiasmaba","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of entusiasmaba","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"entusiasmaba","lemma":"entusiasmar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on giraba","gloss":"grew excited"},{"surface":"giraba","lemma":"girar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of decir","gloss":"would circle"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking idea","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"torno","lemma":"torno","morphology":"noun","role":"part of the phrase en","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase en","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of idea","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"idea","lemma":"idea","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of giraba","gloss":"idea"},{"surface":"eje","lemma":"eje","morphology":"noun","role":"in apposition to idea","gloss":"axis"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking palabras","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"palabras","lemma":"palabra","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of giraba","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"numerosas","lemma":"numeroso","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies palabras","gloss":"numerous"}]},{"number":209,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p68-s2","source":"Necesitaba agotar todas las posibilidades de expresión, poseído por ese frenesí lento que a través de las frases le daba a él la conciencia de ser un hombre extraordinario y no un desdichado.","translation":"He needed to exhaust every possibility of expression, possessed by that slow frenzy which, through his sentences, gave him the awareness of being an extraordinary man and not a wretch.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p68-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Necesitaba","lemma":"necesitar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"needed"},{"surface":"agotar","lemma":"agotar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of Necesitaba","gloss":"to exhaust"},{"surface":"todas","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"quantifies posibilidades","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of posibilidades","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"posibilidades","lemma":"posibilidad","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of agotar","gloss":"possibilities"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking expresión","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"expresión","lemma":"expresión","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies posibilidades","gloss":"expression"},{"surface":"poseído","lemma":"poseído","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies the implied subject of Necesitaba","gloss":"possessed","note":"poseído is masculine singular, agreeing with the implied 'he' (Erdosain), not with the feminine plural posibilidades."},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking frenesí","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"ese","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of frenesí","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"frenesí","lemma":"frenesí","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of poseído","gloss":"frenzy"},{"surface":"lento","lemma":"lento","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies frenesí","gloss":"slow"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of daba","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking frases","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"través","lemma":"través","morphology":"noun","role":"part of the phrase a","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase a","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of frases","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"frases","lemma":"frase","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of daba","gloss":"sentences"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of daba","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"daba","lemma":"dar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying frenesí","gloss":"gave"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking él","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, singular","role":"indirect object of daba (reinforces le)","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of conciencia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"conciencia","lemma":"conciencia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of daba","gloss":"awareness"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of ser","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"ser","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, infinitive","role":"copula linking to hombre","gloss":"being"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hombre","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate of ser","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"extraordinario","lemma":"extraordinario","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies hombre","gloss":"extraordinary"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies desdichado","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of desdichado","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"desdichado","lemma":"desdichado","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with hombre","gloss":"wretch"}]},{"number":210,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p68-s3","source":"Que decía la verdad, no me cabía duda.","translation":"That he was telling the truth, I had no doubt.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p68-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"no me cabía duda","title":"«caber duda»","body":"The idiom «caber duda» means 'for there to be room for doubt'. «No me cabía duda» = 'I had no doubt' (literally 'no doubt fit in me'). The verb «caber» ('to fit') is irregular and very common in such fixed expressions."}],"words":[{"surface":"Que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of decía","gloss":"That"},{"surface":"decía","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying duda","gloss":"was telling"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of verdad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"verdad","lemma":"verdad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of decía","gloss":"truth"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies cabía","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of cabía","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"cabía","lemma":"caber","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had","note":"caber literally means 'to fit'; no me cabía duda is idiomatic for 'I had no doubt' (literally 'no doubt fit in me')."},{"surface":"duda","lemma":"duda","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of cabía","gloss":"doubt"}]},{"number":211,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p68-s4","source":"Lo que muchas veces me confundió fue la pregunta que a mí mismo me hice: ¿de dónde sacaba ese hombre energías para soportar su espectáculo tanto tiempo?","translation":"What often baffled me was the question I asked myself: where did that man draw the energy to endure his own spectacle for so long?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p68-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"part of the relative phrase lo que","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of confundió","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"muchas","lemma":"mucho","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of veces","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"veces","lemma":"vez","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of confundió","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of confundió","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"confundió","lemma":"confundir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal subject of fue","gloss":"baffled"},{"surface":"fue","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to pregunta","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of pregunta","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"pregunta","lemma":"pregunta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"predicate of fue","gloss":"question"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"direct object of hice","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mí","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"mí","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, prepositional, singular","role":"emphatic indirect object of hice (reinforces me)","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"mismo","lemma":"mismo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies mí","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of hice","gloss":"myself"},{"surface":"hice","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"clause modifying pregunta","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dónde","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"dónde","lemma":"dónde","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of sacaba","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"sacaba","lemma":"sacar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"states the content of pregunta","gloss":"drew"},{"surface":"ese","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hombre","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of sacaba","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"energías","lemma":"energía","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of sacaba","gloss":"energy"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of soportar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"soportar","lemma":"soportar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clause modifying energías","gloss":"endure"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of espectáculo","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"espectáculo","lemma":"espectáculo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of soportar","gloss":"spectacle"},{"surface":"tanto","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"modifies tiempo","gloss":"so much"},{"surface":"tiempo","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of soportar","gloss":"time"}]},{"number":212,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p68-s5","source":"No hacía otra cosa que examinarse, que analizar lo que en él ocurría, como si la suma de detalles pudiera darle la certidumbre de que vivía.","translation":"He did nothing but examine himself, analyze what was happening inside him, as if the sum of details could give him the certainty that he was alive.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p68-s5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"No hacía otra cosa que","title":"«no hacer otra cosa que»","body":"«No hacer otra cosa que» plus an infinitive means 'to do nothing but / to do nothing other than': «no hacía otra cosa que examinarse» = 'he did nothing but examine himself'. It frames the action as exclusive and obsessive."}],"words":[{"surface":"No","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hacía","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"hacía","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"otra","lemma":"otro","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cosa","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"cosa","lemma":"cosa","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of hacía","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of examinarse","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"examinarse","lemma":"examinar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clause modifying cosa","gloss":"examine himself"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of analizar","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"analizar","lemma":"analizar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clause modifying cosa","gloss":"analyze"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"part of the relative phrase lo que (direct object of analizar)","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of ocurría","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking él","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of ocurría","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"ocurría","lemma":"ocurrir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of analizar","gloss":"was happening"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of darle","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of darle","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of suma","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"suma","lemma":"suma","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of darle","gloss":"sum"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking detalles","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"detalles","lemma":"detalle","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies suma","gloss":"details"},{"surface":"pudiera","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of darle","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"darle","lemma":"dar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on hacía","gloss":"give him"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of certidumbre","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"certidumbre","lemma":"certidumbre","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of darle","gloss":"certainty"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of vivía","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vivía","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"vivía","lemma":"vivir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying certidumbre","gloss":"was alive"}]},{"number":213,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p68-s6","source":"Insisto.","translation":"I insist.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p68-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Insisto","lemma":"insistir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I insist"}]},{"number":214,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p68-s7","source":"Un muerto que tuviera el poder de conversar no hablaría más que él, para cerciorarse de que en apariencia no estaba muerto.","translation":"A dead man who had the power to converse would talk no more than he did, to convince himself that he was not, to all appearances, dead.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p68-s7.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"que tuviera... no hablaría","title":"Hypothetical: subjunctive + conditional","body":"The relative clause «que tuviera el poder» ('who had the power') uses the imperfect subjunctive for an imaginary being, and the main verb «no hablaría» ('would not speak') is conditional. Together they build a wholly unreal supposition."}],"words":[{"surface":"Un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of muerto","gloss":"A"},{"surface":"muerto","lemma":"muerto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of hablaría","gloss":"dead man"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of tuviera","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"tuviera","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying muerto","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of poder","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"poder","lemma":"poder","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of tuviera","gloss":"power"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of conversar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"conversar","lemma":"conversar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clause modifying poder","gloss":"converse"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hablaría","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"hablaría","lemma":"hablar","morphology":"verb, conditional, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"would talk"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hablaría","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the comparison of él","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of más","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of cerciorarse","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"cerciorarse","lemma":"cerciorar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on hablaría","gloss":"convince himself"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of estaba","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of estaba","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking apariencia","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"apariencia","lemma":"apariencia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of estaba","gloss":"appearance"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies muerto","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"estaba","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to muerto","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"muerto","lemma":"muerto","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate of estaba","gloss":"dead"}]},{"number":215,"label":"69","id":"la-bofetada-p69-s1","source":"Bersut, sin darse cuenta de todo lo que acababa de ocurrir en el otro, continuó:","translation":"Bersut, unaware of all that had just taken place in the other man, went on:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p69-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Bersut","lemma":"Bersut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of continuó","gloss":"Bersut"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of darse","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"darse","lemma":"dar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on continuó","gloss":"realizing","note":"\"darse cuenta de\" is an idiom meaning \"to realize/become aware of.\""},{"surface":"cuenta","lemma":"cuenta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"compound with darse","gloss":"awareness"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of acababa","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"todo","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of lo","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"part of the relative phrase lo que, subject of acababa","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of acababa","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"acababa","lemma":"acabar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"relative clause modifying lo (object of de)","gloss":"had just"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of ocurrir","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ocurrir","lemma":"ocurrir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of acababa","gloss":"taken place"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking otro","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of otro","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"otro","lemma":"otro","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of ocurrir","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"continuó","lemma":"continuar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went on"}]},{"number":216,"label":"70","id":"la-bofetada-p70-s1","source":"–¡Ah!, vos no la conociste.., no la conociste nunca.","translation":"\"Ah! you didn't know her.. you never knew her.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p70-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ah","lemma":"Ah","morphology":"interjection","role":"stands alone as an exclamation","gloss":"Ah"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of conociste","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies conociste","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of conociste","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"conociste","lemma":"conocer","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the first clause","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies conociste","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of conociste","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"conociste","lemma":"conocer","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"nunca","lemma":"nunca","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies conociste","gloss":"never"}]},{"number":217,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p70-s2","source":"Fíjate, escucha lo que te voy a contar.","translation":"Look, listen to what I'm going to tell you.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p70-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Fíjate","lemma":"fijar tú","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular, reflexive","role":"stands alone as an imperative, addressed to the listener","gloss":"Look"},{"surface":"escucha","lemma":"escuchar","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"listen"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"part of the relative phrase lo que, direct object of contar","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"part of the relative pronoun lo que","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of contar","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"voy","lemma":"ir","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of contar","gloss":"am going"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of contar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"contar","lemma":"contar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of voy (ir a + infinitive)","gloss":"tell"}]},{"number":218,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p70-s3","source":"Una tarde fui a verte, sabía que no estabas, quería encontrarme con ella, verla no más, aunque fuera.","translation":"One afternoon I went to see you, I knew you weren't in, I wanted to meet her, just to see her, even if only that.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p70-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"no más","title":"«no más»","body":"In River Plate speech «no más» (often written «nomás») softens or limits a verb: 'just', 'only', 'go ahead and'. «Verla no más» = 'just to see her', 'merely to see her' — nothing further intended."}],"words":[{"surface":"Una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of tarde","gloss":"One"},{"surface":"tarde","lemma":"tarde","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"temporal adjunct of fui","gloss":"afternoon"},{"surface":"fui","lemma":"ir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the first clause","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of verte","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"verte","lemma":"ver tú","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"purpose clause on fui","gloss":"see you"},{"surface":"sabía","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the second clause","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of estabas","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies estabas","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"estabas","lemma":"estar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of sabía","gloss":"were there"},{"surface":"quería","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the third clause","gloss":"wanted"},{"surface":"encontrarme","lemma":"encontrar yo","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of quería","gloss":"find myself"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ella","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"ella","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of encontrarme","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"verla","lemma":"ver él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on encontrarme","gloss":"to see her"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies más","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies verla","gloss":"only","note":"\"no más\" (nomás) is a common Rioplatense idiom meaning \"just/only.\""},{"surface":"aunque","lemma":"aunque","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fuera","gloss":"even if"},{"surface":"fuera","lemma":"ser","morphology":"verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on verla","gloss":"were"}]},{"number":219,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p70-s4","source":"Llegué sudado, no sé cuántas cuadras caminé al sol antes de resolverme.","translation":"I arrived sweating; I don't know how many blocks I walked in the sun before I made up my mind.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p70-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"cuadras","title":"«cuadra» = city block","body":"In Latin American Spanish a «cuadra» is a city block — the stretch of street between two corners. «Cuántas cuadras caminé» = 'how many blocks I walked'. (In Spain the word usually means a stable.)"}],"words":[{"surface":"Llegué","lemma":"llegar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"arrived"},{"surface":"sudado","lemma":"sudado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate adjective describing the implied subject (yo) of Llegué","gloss":"sweating"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sé","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"sé","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the second clause","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"cuántas","lemma":"cuántos","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of cuadras","gloss":"how many"},{"surface":"cuadras","lemma":"cuadra","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of caminé","gloss":"blocks"},{"surface":"caminé","lemma":"caminar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of sé","gloss":"walked"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sol","gloss":"in the"},{"surface":"sol","lemma":"sol","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of caminé","gloss":"sun"},{"surface":"antes","lemma":"antes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies caminé","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of resolverme","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"resolverme","lemma":"resolver yo","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on antes","gloss":"making up my mind"}]},{"number":220,"label":"71","id":"la-bofetada-p71-s1","source":"–Igual que yo, al sol –pensó Erdosain.","translation":"\"Just like me, in the sun,\" thought Erdosain.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p71-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Igual","lemma":"igual","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the quoted phrase (Erdosain's thought)","gloss":"Just"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase Igual","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"object of comparison in Igual que","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sol","gloss":"in the"},{"surface":"sol","lemma":"sol","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"part of the quoted phrase, coordinate with Igual que yo","gloss":"sun"},{"surface":"pensó","lemma":"pensar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of pensó","gloss":"Erdosain"}]},{"number":221,"label":"72","id":"la-bofetada-p72-s1","source":"–Y eso que vos sabes que a mí no me faltaba plata para tomar un automóvil, y aun cuando pregunté por vos, ella, sin moverse del umbral, me contestó: –Disculpe, no lo hago pasar porque no está mi esposo.","translation":"\"And that's even though you know I wasn't short of money to take a car, and even when I asked for you, she, without moving from the threshold, answered me: 'Excuse me, I won't let you in because my husband isn't home.'\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p72-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Y eso que","title":"«y eso que»","body":"«Y eso que» introduces a concession: 'and that's despite the fact that', 'even though'. It flags that what follows runs against expectation — he had money for a cab, yet still trudged through the sun."}],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"Y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"eso","lemma":"ese","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"head of the concessive idiom eso que","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sabes (part of the idiom eso que)","gloss":"even though"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of sabes","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"sabes","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the concessive clause (eso que...)","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of faltaba","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mí","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"mí","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"emphatic doubling of me, indirect object of faltaba","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies faltaba","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of faltaba","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"faltaba","lemma":"faltar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of sabes","gloss":"was lacking"},{"surface":"plata","lemma":"plata","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of faltaba","gloss":"money"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of tomar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"tomar","lemma":"tomar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"purpose clause modifying plata","gloss":"to take"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of automóvil","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"automóvil","lemma":"automóvil","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of tomar","gloss":"car"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"aun","lemma":"aun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies pregunté","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"cuando","lemma":"cuando","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of pregunté","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"pregunté","lemma":"preguntar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on contestó","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vos","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"object of por (preguntar por = ask for/about)","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"ella","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, feminine, singular","role":"subject of contestó","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of moverse","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"moverse","lemma":"mover él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on contestó","gloss":"moving"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking umbral","gloss":"from the"},{"surface":"umbral","lemma":"umbral","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of moverse","gloss":"threshold"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of contestó","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"contestó","lemma":"contestar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"answered"},{"surface":"Disculpe","lemma":"disculpar","morphology":"verb, imperative, third-person, singular","role":"stands alone as a polite imperative, opens the quoted reply","gloss":"Excuse me"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hago","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of hago","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"hago","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the quoted sentence","gloss":"let"},{"surface":"pasar","lemma":"pasar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of hago","gloss":"come in"},{"surface":"porque","lemma":"porque","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of está","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies está","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"está","lemma":"estar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on hago","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"mi","lemma":"mi","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of esposo","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"esposo","lemma":"esposo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of está","gloss":"husband"}]},{"number":222,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p72-s2","source":"¿Te das cuenta qué perra?","translation":"Do you see what a bitch?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p72-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of das","gloss":"yourself"},{"surface":"das","lemma":"dar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"realize"},{"surface":"cuenta","lemma":"cuenta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"compound with das","gloss":"account","note":"\"darse cuenta\" is an idiom meaning \"to realize.\""},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of perra","gloss":"what a"},{"surface":"perra","lemma":"perra","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"predicate of the implied clause, complement of cuenta","gloss":"bitch"}]},{"number":223,"label":"73","id":"la-bofetada-p73-s1","source":"Erdosain pensó:","translation":"Erdosain thought:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p73-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of pensó","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"pensó","lemma":"pensar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"thought"}]},{"number":224,"label":"74","id":"la-bofetada-p74-s1","source":"–Todavía hay un tren para Temperley.","translation":"\"There's still a train to Temperley.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p74-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Todavía","lemma":"todavía","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hay","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"hay","lemma":"haber","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular, impersonal","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of tren","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"tren","lemma":"tren","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of hay","gloss":"train"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Temperley","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Temperley","lemma":"Temperley","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies tren","gloss":"Temperley"}]},{"number":225,"label":"75","id":"la-bofetada-p75-s1","source":"Barsut continuó:","translation":"Barsut went on:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p75-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of continuó","gloss":"Barsut"},{"surface":"continuó","lemma":"continuar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went on"}]},{"number":226,"label":"76","id":"la-bofetada-p76-s1","source":"–Y yo, que te veía tan pobre hombre, me dije: ¿qué le habrá visto Elsa a este infeliz para enamorarse de él?","translation":"\"And I, seeing you such a poor wretch, said to myself: what can Elsa have seen in this miserable man to fall in love with him?\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p76-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"habrá visto","title":"Future of probability","body":"The future perfect «habrá visto» here does not point ahead in time; it expresses a guess about the past: 'what can she have seen?', 'what must she have seen?'. Spanish often uses the future this way to wonder aloud."}],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"Y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies dije","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of dije","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of veía","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of veía","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"veía","lemma":"ver","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"clause modifying yo","gloss":"saw"},{"surface":"tan","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies pobre","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"pobre","lemma":"pobre","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies hombre","gloss":"poor"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of te (object complement of veía)","gloss":"wretch"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of dije","gloss":"to myself"},{"surface":"dije","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of visto","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of visto (doubles a este infeliz)","gloss":"in him"},{"surface":"habrá","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of visto","gloss":"could have"},{"surface":"visto","lemma":"ver","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"clausal complement of dije","gloss":"seen"},{"surface":"Elsa","lemma":"Elsa","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of visto","gloss":"Elsa"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking infeliz","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"este","lemma":"este","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of infeliz","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"infeliz","lemma":"infeliz","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of a, doubling le (indirect object of visto)","gloss":"miserable man"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of enamorarse","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"enamorarse","lemma":"enamorar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on visto","gloss":"fall in love"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking él","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of enamorarse (object of de)","gloss":"him"}]},{"number":227,"label":"77","id":"la-bofetada-p77-s1","source":"Con tranquilísima voz le preguntó Erdosain:","translation":"In a most tranquil voice Erdosain asked him:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p77-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"tranquilísima","title":"Superlative «-ísimo»","body":"The suffix «-ísimo/-a» forms the absolute superlative: «tranquilísima» = 'extremely / utterly calm'. It intensifies the adjective without comparison — calmer than calm, which makes Erdosain's composure here all the more ominous."}],"words":[{"surface":"Con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking voz","gloss":"In"},{"surface":"tranquilísima","lemma":"tranquilo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular, superlative","role":"modifies voz","gloss":"most tranquil"},{"surface":"voz","lemma":"voz","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of preguntó","gloss":"voice"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of preguntó","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"preguntó","lemma":"preguntar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of preguntó","gloss":"Erdosain"}]},{"number":228,"label":"78","id":"la-bofetada-p78-s1","source":"–¿Y en la cara se me nota que soy un infeliz?","translation":"\"And can you tell from my face that I'm a miserable man?\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p78-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se me nota","title":"Impersonal «se» + «notarse»","body":"«Notarse» with impersonal «se» means 'to be noticeable / show': «se nota» = 'it shows'. The «me» marks on whom it shows: «se me nota» = 'it shows on me / you can tell about me'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"Y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies nota","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cara","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cara","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cara","lemma":"cara","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of nota","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of nota","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of nota","gloss":"on me"},{"surface":"nota","lemma":"notar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"tell","note":"\"se nota\" is an impersonal reflexive construction meaning \"it shows/is noticeable.\""},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of infeliz","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"soy","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"copula linking to infeliz","gloss":"am"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of infeliz","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"infeliz","lemma":"infeliz","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of soy","gloss":"miserable man"}]},{"number":229,"label":"79","id":"la-bofetada-p79-s1","source":"Barsut levantó la cabeza, extrañado.","translation":"Barsut raised his head, taken aback.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p79-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of levantó","gloss":"Barsut"},{"surface":"levantó","lemma":"levantar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"raised"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cabeza","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"cabeza","lemma":"cabeza","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of levantó","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"extrañado","lemma":"extrañado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Barsut","gloss":"taken aback"}]},{"number":230,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p79-s2","source":"Durante un momento mantuvo inmóviles las translúcidas pupilas verdosas en su interlocutor.","translation":"For a moment he held his translucent greenish pupils motionless on the man before him.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p79-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Durante","lemma":"durante","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking momento","gloss":"For"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of momento","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"momento","lemma":"momento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of mantuvo","gloss":"moment"},{"surface":"mantuvo","lemma":"mantener","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"held"},{"surface":"inmóviles","lemma":"inmóvil","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"predicate adjective describing pupilas (secondary predicate of mantuvo)","gloss":"motionless"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of pupilas","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"translúcidas","lemma":"translúcida","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies pupilas","gloss":"translucent"},{"surface":"pupilas","lemma":"pupila","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of mantuvo","gloss":"pupils"},{"surface":"verdosas","lemma":"verdosa","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies pupilas","gloss":"greenish"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking interlocutor","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of interlocutor","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"interlocutor","lemma":"interlocutor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of mantuvo","gloss":"man before him"}]},{"number":231,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p79-s3","source":"El lienzo de luz que caía sobre él y Erdosain interponía una distancia de ensueño.","translation":"The sheet of light that fell over him and Erdosain set a dreamlike distance between them.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p79-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of lienzo","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"lienzo","lemma":"lienzo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of interponía","gloss":"sheet"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking luz","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"luz","lemma":"luz","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies lienzo","gloss":"light"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of caía","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"caía","lemma":"caer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying lienzo","gloss":"fell"},{"surface":"sobre","lemma":"sobre","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking él","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, singular","role":"object of sobre, coordinated with Erdosain","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"coordinated with él (object of sobre)","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"interponía","lemma":"interponer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"set"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of distancia","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"distancia","lemma":"distancia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of interponía","gloss":"distance"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ensueño","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"ensueño","lemma":"ensueño","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies distancia","gloss":"dreamlike"}]},{"number":232,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p79-s4","source":"Y Barsut se comprendía tan fantasma como el otro, porque moviendo penosamente la cabeza, como si repentinamente todos los músculos del cuello se le hubieran enrigecido, contestó:","translation":"And Barsut understood himself to be as much a phantom as the other, for, moving his head painfully, as if all the muscles of his neck had suddenly stiffened, he answered:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p79-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se le hubieran enrigecido","title":"Pluperfect subjunctive after «como si»","body":"«Como si» plus the pluperfect subjunctive «se le hubieran enrigecido» = 'as if [the muscles] had suddenly stiffened on him'. The «se» is the reflexive/pronominal marker of the verb «enrigecerse» (a pronominal change-of-state verb meaning 'to stiffen'), and «le» is the dative of interest, marking Barsut as the one affected. This is not impersonal «se»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies comprendía","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of comprendía","gloss":"Barsut"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of comprendía","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"comprendía","lemma":"comprender","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the first clause","gloss":"understood"},{"surface":"tan","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fantasma","gloss":"as much"},{"surface":"fantasma","lemma":"fantasma","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of comprendía","gloss":"phantom"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of otro","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of otro","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"otro","lemma":"otro","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of fantasma","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"porque","lemma":"porque","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of moviendo","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"moviendo","lemma":"mover","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on contestó","gloss":"moving"},{"surface":"penosamente","lemma":"penosamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies moviendo","gloss":"painfully"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cabeza","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"cabeza","lemma":"cabeza","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of moviendo","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of enrigecido","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of enrigecido","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"repentinamente","lemma":"repentinamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies enrigecido","gloss":"suddenly"},{"surface":"todos","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of músculos","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of músculos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"músculos","lemma":"músculo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of enrigecido","gloss":"muscles"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cuello","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"cuello","lemma":"cuello","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies músculos","gloss":"neck"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of enrigecido","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"dative of affectedness with enrigecido, referring to Barsut","gloss":"on him"},{"surface":"hubieran","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of enrigecido","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"enrigecido","lemma":"enrigecer","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"adverbial clause on moviendo","gloss":"stiffened"},{"surface":"contestó","lemma":"contestar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"answered"}]},{"number":233,"label":"80","id":"la-bofetada-p80-s1","source":"–No, mirándote bien pareces un tipo agarrado por una idea fija... vaya a saber qué.","translation":"\"No — looking at you closely, you seem like a fellow seized by a fixed idea... who knows what.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p80-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"vaya a saber","title":"«vaya a saber»","body":"«Vaya a saber» (or «vaya uno a saber») is an idiom meaning 'who knows', 'God knows', 'there's no telling'. The subjunctive «vaya» (from «ir») here forms a fixed exclamation of uncertainty."}],"words":[{"surface":"No","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"stands alone as a negative interjection","gloss":"No"},{"surface":"mirándote","lemma":"mirar tú","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on pareces","gloss":"looking at you"},{"surface":"bien","lemma":"bien","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies mirándote","gloss":"closely"},{"surface":"pareces","lemma":"parecer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"seem"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of tipo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"tipo","lemma":"tipo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of pareces","gloss":"fellow"},{"surface":"agarrado","lemma":"agarrado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies tipo","gloss":"seized"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking idea","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of idea","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"idea","lemma":"idea","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of por (agent of agarrado)","gloss":"idea"},{"surface":"fija","lemma":"fijo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies idea","gloss":"fixed"},{"surface":"vaya","lemma":"ir","morphology":"verb, imperative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of saber","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of saber","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"saber","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"head of the idiom vaya a saber, stands as a separate exclamatory remark","gloss":"knows","note":"\"vaya a saber\" is a set idiom meaning \"who knows/goodness knows.\""},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of saber","gloss":"what"}]},{"number":234,"label":"81","id":"la-bofetada-p81-s1","source":"Erdosain repuso:","translation":"Erdosain replied:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p81-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of repuso","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"repuso","lemma":"reponer","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"replied"}]},{"number":235,"label":"82","id":"la-bofetada-p82-s1","source":"–Sos psicólogo.","translation":"\"You're a psychologist.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p82-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Sos","title":"«sos» = «vos» form of «ser»","body":"«Sos» is the «voseo» present of «ser» for «vos»: «sos psicólogo» = 'you are a psychologist', where standard Spanish has «eres». It is one of the most recognizable markers of Buenos Aires speech."}],"words":[{"surface":"Sos","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"copula linking to psicólogo","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"psicólogo","lemma":"psicólogo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of Sos","gloss":"psychologist"}]},{"number":236,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p82-s2","source":"Naturalmente, yo no sé todavía en qué consiste esa idea fija, pero es curioso, lo que nunca se me ocurrió fue que vos pensaras en quitarme mi mujer... Y la tranquilidad con que decís esas cosas...","translation":"Naturally, I still don't know what that fixed idea consists of, but it's curious — what never occurred to me was that you would think of taking my wife from me... And the calm with which you say these things...","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p82-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"que vos pensaras","title":"Subjunctive after a mental reaction","body":"«Pensaras» is the imperfect subjunctive of «pensar». After expressing that something never occurred to him — a reaction of surprise — the dependent clause «que vos pensaras en quitarme mi mujer» takes the subjunctive."}],"words":[{"surface":"Naturalmente","lemma":"naturalmente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sé","gloss":"Naturally"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of sé","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sé","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"sé","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"todavía","lemma":"todavía","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sé","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking qué","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"object of en (complement of consiste)","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"consiste","lemma":"consistir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of sé","gloss":"consists"},{"surface":"esa","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of idea","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"idea","lemma":"idea","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of consiste","gloss":"idea"},{"surface":"fija","lemma":"fijo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies idea","gloss":"fixed"},{"surface":"pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to curioso","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"curioso","lemma":"curioso","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of es","gloss":"curious"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"part of the relative phrase lo que, subject of fue","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of ocurrió","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"nunca","lemma":"nunca","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ocurrió","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of ocurrió","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of ocurrió (experiencer)","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"ocurrió","lemma":"ocurrir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"relative clause modifying lo que (subject of fue)","gloss":"occurred"},{"surface":"fue","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the clause, copula linking lo que ocurrió to the que-clause","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of pensaras","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of pensaras","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"pensaras","lemma":"pensar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, subjunctive, second-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of fue","gloss":"would think"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of quitarme","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"quitarme","lemma":"quitar yo","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of pensaras (object of en)","gloss":"taking"},{"surface":"mi","lemma":"mi","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of mujer","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"mujer","lemma":"mujer","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of quitarme","gloss":"wife"},{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of tranquilidad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tranquilidad","lemma":"tranquilidad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"calm"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking que","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of decís","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"decís","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"clause modifying tranquilidad","gloss":"say"},{"surface":"esas","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of cosas","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"cosas","lemma":"cosa","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of decís","gloss":"things"}]},{"number":237,"label":"83","id":"la-bofetada-p83-s1","source":"–No me negarás que te soy franco...","translation":"\"You won't deny that I'm being frank with you...\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p83-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"No","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies negarás","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of negarás","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"negarás","lemma":"negar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"will deny"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of franco","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of soy (I am frank with you)","gloss":"with you"},{"surface":"soy","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"copula linking to franco","gloss":"am"},{"surface":"franco","lemma":"franco","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of soy","gloss":"frank"}]},{"number":238,"label":"84","id":"la-bofetada-p84-s1","source":"–No...","translation":"\"No...\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p84-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"No","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"No"}]},{"number":239,"label":"85","id":"la-bofetada-p85-s1","source":"–Además, quería humillarla... no robártela, ¿para qué?","translation":"\"Besides, I wanted to humiliate her... not to steal her from you — what for?\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p85-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"robártela","title":"Two pronouns on an infinitive","body":"«Robártela» stacks two object pronouns onto the infinitive «robar»: «te» ('from you') and «la» ('her') → 'to steal her from you'. When both attach, the indirect object comes first; an accent keeps the original stress."}],"words":[{"surface":"Además","lemma":"además","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies quería","gloss":"Besides"},{"surface":"quería","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"wanted"},{"surface":"humillarla","lemma":"humillar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of quería","gloss":"to humiliate her"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies robártela","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"robártela","lemma":"robar tú él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of quería (coordinated with humillarla)","gloss":"steal her from you"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking qué","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"oblique complement of robártela","gloss":"what"}]},{"number":240,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p85-s2","source":"Si yo sabía que nunca me querría.","translation":"When I knew she'd never love me.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p85-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Si yo sabía","title":"«si» as 'since / after all'","body":"Not every «si» is 'if'. At the start of an exclamatory justification, «si» means 'but / since / after all': «si yo sabía que...» = 'when / since I knew that...'. It defends the previous statement rather than posing a condition."}],"words":[{"surface":"Si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sabía","gloss":"When"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of sabía","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"sabía","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of querría","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"nunca","lemma":"nunca","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies querría","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of querría","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"querría","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, conditional, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of sabía","gloss":"would love"}]},{"number":241,"label":"86","id":"la-bofetada-p86-s1","source":"–¿Y en qué lo adivinabas?","translation":"\"And how did you guess it?\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p86-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction, coordinating","role":"links to the previous line","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking qué","gloss":"by","note":"\"En qué\" is a colloquial way to ask \"how / by what sign,\" not literally \"in what.\""},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, interrogative, singular","role":"object of en","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of adivinabas","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"adivinabas","lemma":"adivinar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"did you guess"}]},{"number":242,"label":"87","id":"la-bofetada-p87-s1","source":"–Eso es lo que no sé.","translation":"\"That's what I don't know.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p87-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Eso","lemma":"eso","morphology":"pronoun, demonstrative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"That"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"el","morphology":"article, neuter, singular","role":"forms lo que with que (relative)","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"direct object of sé, correlate of lo","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sé","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"sé","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"verb of the relative clause (predicate complement of es)","gloss":"know"}]},{"number":243,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p87-s2","source":"Porque uno hace ciertas cosas que no se puede explicar.","translation":"Because you do certain things that can't be explained.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p87-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Porque","lemma":"porque","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the sentence (explanation)","gloss":"Because"},{"surface":"uno","lemma":"uno","morphology":"pronoun, indefinite, masculine, singular","role":"subject of hace","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"hace","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"ciertas","lemma":"cierto","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of cosas","gloss":"certain"},{"surface":"cosas","lemma":"cosa","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of hace","gloss":"things"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of se puede explicar (refers to cosas)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies puede explicar","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, reflexive (impersonal passive)","role":"passive marker with explicar","gloss":"be","note":"Impersonal/passive se: \"se puede explicar\" = \"can be explained.\""},{"surface":"puede","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of explicar","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"explicar","lemma":"explicar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of puede","gloss":"explained"}]},{"number":244,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p87-s3","source":"Porque te trataba y vos me tratabas no pudiéndonos «pasar».","translation":"Because I dealt with you and you dealt with me, the two of us unable to \"stand\" each other.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p87-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"no pudiéndonos «pasar»","title":"«no poder pasar a alguien»","body":"«No poder pasar a alguien» (often «no poder ver / tragar») is colloquial for 'to be unable to stand someone'. Arlt puts «pasar» in guillemets to flag the slangy sense; «no pudiéndonos pasar» = 'unable to stand each other'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Porque","lemma":"porque","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the sentence (explanation)","gloss":"Because"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of trataba","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"trataba","lemma":"tratar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the first clause, coordinated with tratabas","gloss":"dealt with"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, second-person, singular (voseo)","role":"subject of tratabas","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, first-person, singular","role":"direct object of tratabas","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"tratabas","lemma":"tratar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the second clause, coordinated with trataba","gloss":"dealt with"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies pudiéndonos","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"pudiéndonos","lemma":"poder","morphology":"verb, gerund, with reciprocal enclitic -nos","role":"gerund clause modifying trataba and tratabas","gloss":"being able to","note":"The -nos on pudiéndonos is reciprocal (\"each other\"), not reflexive."},{"surface":"pasar","lemma":"pasar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of pudiéndonos","gloss":"stand each other","note":"Colloquial \"pasarse\" here means to get along with / tolerate each other, hence the quotes in the original."}]},{"number":245,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p87-s4","source":"Venía porque viniendo te hacía sufrir y sufría.","translation":"I came because by coming I made you suffer and I suffered too.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p87-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Venía","lemma":"venir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"porque","lemma":"porque","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the causal clause modifying Venía","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"viniendo","lemma":"venir","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial gerund clause modifying hacía","gloss":"by coming"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of hacía (causee of sufrir)","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"hacía","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the porque clause","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"sufrir","lemma":"sufrir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of hacía","gloss":"suffer"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sufría","lemma":"sufrir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with hacía","gloss":"suffered"}]},{"number":246,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p87-s5","source":"Todos los días me decía: No iré más... no iré más...","translation":"Every day I told myself: I won't go anymore... I won't go anymore...","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p87-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Todos","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"quantifies días","gloss":"Every"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of días","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"días","lemma":"día","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"temporal adverbial modifying decía","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular, reflexive","role":"indirect object of decía","gloss":"myself"},{"surface":"decía","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"told"},{"surface":"No","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies iré","gloss":"won't"},{"surface":"iré","lemma":"ir","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"verb of the quoted clause (content of decía)","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies iré","gloss":"anymore"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies iré","gloss":"won't"},{"surface":"iré","lemma":"ir","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the repeated clause (echoes iré)","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies iré","gloss":"anymore"}]},{"number":247,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p87-s6","source":"Pero en cuanto llegaba la hora, me ponía nervioso.","translation":"But as soon as the hour came, I would get nervous.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p87-s6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"en cuanto llegaba","title":"«en cuanto» = 'as soon as'","body":"«En cuanto» means 'as soon as'. With a repeated past habit it takes the imperfect: «en cuanto llegaba la hora» = 'as soon as the hour came (each time)'. For a single future event it would take the subjunctive instead."}],"words":[{"surface":"Pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects to the previous sentence","gloss":"But"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition (part of en cuanto = as soon as)","role":"introduces the temporal clause of llegaba","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"cuanto","lemma":"cuanto","morphology":"pronoun, indefinite (fixed phrase en cuanto)","role":"part of the phrase en cuanto","gloss":"soon as"},{"surface":"llegaba","lemma":"llegar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on ponía","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of hora","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hora","lemma":"hora","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of llegaba","gloss":"hour"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of ponía","gloss":"myself"},{"surface":"ponía","lemma":"poner","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"would get"},{"surface":"nervioso","lemma":"nervioso","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of ponía (via reflexive me)","gloss":"nervous"}]},{"number":248,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p87-s7","source":"Era como si me llamaran desde algún lado, y entonces me vestía apurado... venía...","translation":"It was as if someone were calling me from somewhere, and then I'd dress in a hurry... and come...","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p87-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Era","lemma":"ser","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence (impersonal), introduces como si clause","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction (part of como si = as if)","role":"introduces the clause of llamaran","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction (part of como si = as if)","role":"part of the phrase como si","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of llamaran","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"llamaran","lemma":"llamar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, plural","role":"clausal complement of Era","gloss":"were calling"},{"surface":"desde","lemma":"desde","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lado","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"algún","lemma":"alguno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of lado","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"lado","lemma":"lado","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of llamaran","gloss":"place","note":"\"Algún lado\" is a common colloquial way to say \"somewhere\" (literally \"some side\")."},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"entonces","lemma":"entonces","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vestía","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of vestía","gloss":"myself"},{"surface":"vestía","lemma":"vestir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with Era","gloss":"would dress"},{"surface":"apurado","lemma":"apurado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of vestía (manner)","gloss":"in a hurry"},{"surface":"venía","lemma":"venir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with vestía (third clause in the series)","gloss":"would come"}]},{"number":249,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p87-s8","source":"Erdosain de pronto tuvo una idea singular, y dijo:","translation":"Erdosain suddenly had a singular idea, and said:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p87-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of tuvo","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition (part of the idiom de pronto)","role":"part of the idiom de pronto, modifies tuvo","gloss":"suddenly","note":"\"De pronto\" is a fixed idiom for \"suddenly,\" not literally \"of soon.\""},{"surface":"pronto","lemma":"pronto","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase de pronto","gloss":"suddenly"},{"surface":"tuvo","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of idea","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"idea","lemma":"idea","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of tuvo","gloss":"idea"},{"surface":"singular","lemma":"singular","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies idea","gloss":"singular"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dijo","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with tuvo","gloss":"said"}]},{"number":250,"label":"88","id":"la-bofetada-p88-s1","source":"–Hablando de todo un poco... No sé si sabrás que esta mañana me hablaron en la Azucarera del anónimo.","translation":"\"Speaking of this and that... I don't know if you know that this morning they talked to me at the Sugar Company about the anonymous letter.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p88-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hablando","lemma":"hablar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"introductory gerund phrase, loosely modifies sé","gloss":"Speaking"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking poco","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"todo","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of poco","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of poco","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"poco","lemma":"poco","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"object of de","gloss":"little","note":"\"De todo un poco\" is an idiom meaning \"a bit of everything / this and that.\""},{"surface":"No","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sé","gloss":"don't"},{"surface":"sé","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sabrás","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"sabrás","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of sé","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hablaron","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"esta","lemma":"este","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mañana","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"mañana","lemma":"mañana","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"temporal adverbial modifying hablaron","gloss":"morning"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of hablaron","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"hablaron","lemma":"hablar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"clausal complement of sabrás","gloss":"talked"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Azucarera","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of Azucarera","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Azucarera","lemma":"Azucarera","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of hablaron","gloss":"Sugar Company"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking anónimo","gloss":"about the"},{"surface":"anónimo","lemma":"anónimo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of hablaron (topic)","gloss":"anonymous letter","note":"\"El anónimo\" refers to the anonymous denunciation letter that drives the plot, not just the adjective \"anonymous.\""}]},{"number":251,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p88-s2","source":"Si no rindo cuentas me ponen preso mañana.","translation":"If I don't account for the money, they put me in jail tomorrow.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p88-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"rindo cuentas","title":"«rendir cuentas»","body":"«Rendir cuentas» means 'to account for / render an accounting', to show where money went. «Si no rindo cuentas» = 'if I don't square the accounts'. «Rendir» is stem-changing: «rindo», «rinde»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of rindo","gloss":"If"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies rindo","gloss":"don't"},{"surface":"rindo","lemma":"rendir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on ponen","gloss":"account"},{"surface":"cuentas","lemma":"cuenta","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of rindo","gloss":"accounts","note":"\"Rendir cuentas\" literally means \"to account for / settle accounts\"; the translation makes the financial sense explicit."},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of ponen","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"ponen","lemma":"poner","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"put"},{"surface":"preso","lemma":"preso","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of ponen (poner preso = to jail)","gloss":"in jail","note":"\"Poner preso\" = to jail, to imprison."},{"surface":"mañana","lemma":"mañana","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ponen","gloss":"tomorrow"}]},{"number":252,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p88-s3","source":"El único culpable, y creo que no tendrás inconveniente en admitirlo, de que esto pase sos vos, de modo que me tenés que facilitar la plata.","translation":"The only one to blame — and I think you'll have no objection to admitting it — for this happening is you, so you have to put up the money for me.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p88-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"de que esto pase","title":"Subjunctive after «culpable de que»","body":"«Culpable de que» ('to blame for the fact that') takes the subjunctive in the following clause: «culpable de que esto pase» = 'to blame for this happening'. «Pase» is the present subjunctive of «pasar»."}],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of culpable","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"único","lemma":"único","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies culpable","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"culpable","lemma":"culpable","morphology":"noun, singular","role":"predicate complement of sos (fronted)","gloss":"one to blame"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the parenthetical clause","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"creo","lemma":"creer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"parenthetical main verb (I think)","gloss":"think"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tendrás","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tendrás","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"tendrás","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of creo","gloss":"you'll have"},{"surface":"inconveniente","lemma":"inconveniente","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of tendrás","gloss":"objection"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of admitirlo","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"admitirlo","lemma":"admitir él","morphology":"verb, infinitive, with accusative clitic lo","role":"complement of the phrase inconveniente en, modifies tendrás","gloss":"admitting it"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"complement clause of culpable (culpable de = guilty of)","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of pase","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"esto","lemma":"esto","morphology":"pronoun, demonstrative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of pase","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"pase","lemma":"pasar","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the que-clause, complement of culpable de","gloss":"happening"},{"surface":"sos","lemma":"ser","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular (voseo)","role":"copula linking vos to culpable","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, second-person, singular (voseo)","role":"subject of sos","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition (part of the idiom de modo que)","role":"introduces the clause of tenés","gloss":"so","note":"\"De modo que\" is a fixed phrase meaning \"so that\" (literally \"in a way that\")."},{"surface":"modo","lemma":"modo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"part of the phrase de modo que","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase de modo que","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of facilitar (clitic climbed before tenés)","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"tenés","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular (voseo)","role":"main verb of the sentence (tenés que + infinitive = have to)","gloss":"have to"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction (part of tener que)","role":"links tenés and facilitar (tener que + infinitive)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"facilitar","lemma":"facilitar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of tenés (tenés que facilitar = have to provide)","gloss":"put up"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of plata","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"plata","lemma":"plata","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of facilitar","gloss":"money","note":"\"Plata\" is the everyday Rioplatense word for money."}]},{"number":253,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p88-s4","source":"¿De dónde voy a sacar esa cantidad?","translation":"Where am I going to get that amount?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p88-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dónde","gloss":"From"},{"surface":"dónde","lemma":"dónde","morphology":"pronoun, interrogative","role":"oblique complement of sacar","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"voy","lemma":"ir","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of sacar","gloss":"am going"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of sacar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"sacar","lemma":"sacar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"get"},{"surface":"esa","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cantidad","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"cantidad","lemma":"cantidad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of sacar","gloss":"amount"}]},{"number":254,"label":"89","id":"la-bofetada-p89-s1","source":"Barsut se irguió asombrado.","translation":"Barsut drew himself up, astonished.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p89-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se irguió","title":"«erguirse» (to draw oneself up)","body":"«Se irguió» is the preterite of the pronominal «erguirse» ('to straighten up, sit up straight'). The verb is highly irregular — the stem «erg-» becomes «irg-/yerg-» — and is mostly literary."}],"words":[{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of irguió","gloss":"Barsut"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of irguió","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"irguió","lemma":"erguir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"drew up"},{"surface":"asombrado","lemma":"asombrado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement describing Barsut (adjunct)","gloss":"astonished"}]},{"number":255,"label":"90","id":"la-bofetada-p90-s1","source":"–Pero, ¿cómo?","translation":"\"But what?\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p90-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects to the previous sentence","gloss":"But"},{"surface":"cómo","lemma":"cómo","morphology":"pronoun, interrogative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"what","note":"\"Cómo\" literally means \"how,\" but as an exclamation of disbelief it's idiomatically rendered as \"what?\""}]},{"number":256,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p90-s2","source":"¿Después que yo resulto cornudo y apaleado, después que Elsa se va y hago una infamia, el que te tiene que dar la plata soy yo?","translation":"After I come out cuckolded and beaten, after Elsa leaves and I commit an infamy, I'm the one who has to give you the money?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p90-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"cornudo","title":"«cornudo»","body":"«Cornudo» (literally 'horned') is the crude word for a cuckold — a man whose wife has been unfaithful. Barsut piles it onto «apaleado» ('beaten with a stick') to dramatize his grievance, though he himself was the one who struck."}],"words":[{"surface":"Después","lemma":"después","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the first después que clause","gloss":"After"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction (part of después que)","role":"introduces the clause of resulto","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of resulto","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"resulto","lemma":"resultar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the después-que clause","gloss":"come out"},{"surface":"cornudo","lemma":"cornudo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of resulto","gloss":"cuckolded"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"apaleado","lemma":"apaleado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with cornudo","gloss":"beaten"},{"surface":"después","lemma":"después","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the second después que clause (parallel to the first)","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction (part of después que)","role":"part of the phrase después que","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Elsa","lemma":"Elsa","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of va","gloss":"Elsa"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of va","gloss":"away"},{"surface":"va","lemma":"ir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the second después-que clause","gloss":"goes"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hago","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with va","gloss":"commit"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of infamia","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"infamia","lemma":"infamia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of hago","gloss":"infamy"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"forms el que (the one) with que","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of tiene (refers to el)","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of dar","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"tiene","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the relative clause (tiene que dar = has to give)","gloss":"has to"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction (part of tiene que)","role":"links tiene and dar (periphrasis tener que)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"dar","lemma":"dar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of tiene (tiene que dar = has to give)","gloss":"give"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of plata","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"plata","lemma":"plata","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of dar","gloss":"money"},{"surface":"soy","lemma":"ser","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb, copula linking yo to the el que clause","gloss":"am"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of soy","gloss":"I"}]},{"number":257,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p90-s3","source":"¿Vos estás loco?","translation":"Are you crazy?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p90-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, second-person, singular (voseo)","role":"subject of estás","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"estás","lemma":"estar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular (voseo)","role":"copula linking to loco","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"loco","lemma":"loco","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of estás","gloss":"crazy"}]},{"number":258,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p90-s4","source":"¿Con qué ventaja te voy a dar seiscientos pesos?...","translation":"What would I get out of giving you six hundred pesos?...","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p90-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ventaja","gloss":"With"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"determiner, interrogative","role":"determiner of ventaja","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"ventaja","lemma":"ventaja","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of dar","gloss":"advantage","note":"\"¿Con qué ventaja...?\" literally \"with what advantage,\" idiomatically \"what's in it for me,\" rendered here as \"what would I get out of.\""},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of dar","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"voy","lemma":"ir","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of dar","gloss":"am I going"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of dar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"dar","lemma":"dar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"give"},{"surface":"seiscientos","lemma":"seiscientos","morphology":"numeral, masculine, plural","role":"quantifies pesos","gloss":"six hundred"},{"surface":"pesos","lemma":"peso","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of dar","gloss":"pesos"}]},{"number":259,"label":"91","id":"la-bofetada-p91-s1","source":"–Con siete centavos...","translation":"\"And seven cents...\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p91-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking centavos","gloss":"And","note":"Literally \"with seven cents\" — a sarcastic aside, rendered as \"And seven cents\" to preserve the comeback's flow."},{"surface":"siete","lemma":"siete","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies centavos","gloss":"seven"},{"surface":"centavos","lemma":"centavo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"cents"}]},{"number":260,"label":"92","id":"la-bofetada-p92-s1","source":"Erdosain se levantó.","translation":"Erdosain stood up.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p92-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of levantó","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of levantó","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"levantó","lemma":"levantar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stood"}]},{"number":261,"label":"93","id":"la-bofetada-p93-s1","source":"–¿Esa es tu última palabra?","translation":"\"Is that your last word?\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p93-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Esa","lemma":"ese","morphology":"pronoun, demonstrative, feminine, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"That"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to palabra","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of palabra","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"última","lemma":"último","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies palabra","gloss":"last"},{"surface":"palabra","lemma":"palabra","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"predicate complement of es","gloss":"word"}]},{"number":262,"label":"94","id":"la-bofetada-p94-s1","source":"–Pero, comprendé, ¿cómo yo?...","translation":"\"But understand — how am I supposed to?...\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p94-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"comprendé","title":"«comprendé» («vos» command)","body":"«Comprendé» is the «vos» imperative of «comprender» ('to understand'), stressed on the last syllable. Standard Spanish would use «comprende». The clipped command underlines Barsut's flustered protest."}],"words":[{"surface":"Pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"But"},{"surface":"comprendé","lemma":"comprender","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular (voseo)","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"cómo","lemma":"cómo","morphology":"pronoun, interrogative","role":"head of the elliptical question (modifies an implied verb)","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of the elliptical question (implied verb)","gloss":"I"}]},{"number":263,"label":"95","id":"la-bofetada-p95-s1","source":"–Bueno «m'hijo»... Paciencia.","translation":"\"All right, \"sonny\"... Patience.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p95-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"m'hijo","title":"«m'hijo»","body":"«M'hijo» is the contracted, spoken form of «mi hijo» ('my son'), used as a familiar — and here faintly condescending — form of address, like 'son' or 'pal'. The apostrophe marks the swallowed vowel of porteño speech."}],"words":[{"surface":"Bueno","lemma":"bueno","morphology":"interjection","role":"discourse interjection (opens the sentence)","gloss":"All right"},{"surface":"m'hijo","lemma":"mi hijo","morphology":"noun phrase, contraction of mi hijo (term of address)","role":"vocative (term of address)","gloss":"sonny","note":"\"M'hijo\" is a colloquial contraction of \"mi hijo\" (my son), used patronizingly as a term of address, like \"sonny\" or \"kiddo.\""},{"surface":"Paciencia","lemma":"paciencia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Patience"}]},{"number":264,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p95-s2","source":"Ahora haceme el favor de irte, que quiero dormir.","translation":"Now do me the favor of leaving, because I want to sleep.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p95-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"que quiero dormir","title":"Causal «que»","body":"Sentence-initial or trailing «que» can mean 'because / for': «que quiero dormir» = 'because I want to sleep'. It is a colloquial shortcut for «porque», giving the brush-off a curt, spoken edge."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ahora","lemma":"ahora","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies haceme","gloss":"Now"},{"surface":"haceme","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular (voseo), with enclitic me","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of favor","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"favor","lemma":"favor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of haceme","gloss":"favor"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of irte","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"irte","lemma":"ir tú","morphology":"verb, infinitive, with reflexive enclitic te","role":"modifies favor","gloss":"leaving"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction (causal, colloquial for porque)","role":"introduces the causal clause modifying haceme","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"quiero","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the causal clause","gloss":"want"},{"surface":"dormir","lemma":"dormir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of quiero","gloss":"sleep"}]},{"number":265,"label":"96","id":"la-bofetada-p96-s1","source":"–¿No querés que salgamos?","translation":"\"Don't you want to go out?\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p96-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"que salgamos","title":"Subjunctive after «querer que»","body":"When the subject of «querer» differs from the subject of the wished-for action, the second verb goes in the subjunctive: «¿querés que salgamos?» = 'do you want us to go out?'. «Salgamos» is the present subjunctive of «salir»."}],"words":[{"surface":"No","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies querés","gloss":"Don't"},{"surface":"querés","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular (voseo)","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"want"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of salgamos","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"salgamos","lemma":"salir","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, first-person, plural","role":"clausal complement of querés","gloss":"go out"}]},{"number":266,"label":"97","id":"la-bofetada-p97-s1","source":"–Estoy cansado.","translation":"\"I'm tired.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p97-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Estoy","lemma":"estar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"copula linking to cansado","gloss":"am"},{"surface":"cansado","lemma":"cansado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of Estoy","gloss":"tired"}]},{"number":267,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p97-s2","source":"Déjame.","translation":"Leave me be.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p97-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Déjame","lemma":"dejar","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular, with enclitic me","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"Leave me"}]},{"number":268,"label":"98","id":"la-bofetada-p98-s1","source":"Barsut vaciló.","translation":"Barsut hesitated.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p98-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of vaciló","gloss":"Barsut"},{"surface":"vaciló","lemma":"vacilar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"hesitated"}]},{"number":269,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p98-s2","source":"Luego, levantándose y con el sombrero cogido de un ala, salió torpemente de la pieza.","translation":"Then, rising and gripping his hat by one brim, he left the room clumsily.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p98-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Luego","lemma":"luego","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies levantándose","gloss":"Then"},{"surface":"levantándose","lemma":"levantar él","morphology":"verb, gerund, with reflexive enclitic se","role":"adverbial clause on salió","gloss":"rising"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sombrero","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of sombrero","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"sombrero","lemma":"sombrero","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of con, modified by cogido","gloss":"hat"},{"surface":"cogido","lemma":"coger","morphology":"verb, past participle, masculine, singular","role":"modifies sombrero","gloss":"held"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ala","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ala","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"ala","lemma":"ala","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of cogido","gloss":"brim","note":"\"Ala\" literally means \"wing\"; extended to a hat's brim."},{"surface":"salió","lemma":"salir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"left"},{"surface":"torpemente","lemma":"torpemente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies salió","gloss":"clumsily"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pieza","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of pieza","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"pieza","lemma":"pieza","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of salió","gloss":"room","note":"\"Pieza\" is the everyday Rioplatense word for room."}]},{"number":270,"label":"99","id":"la-bofetada-p99-s1","source":"Erdosain escuchó el golpe que hizo la puerta al cerrarse, caviló ceñudo un instante, buscó en su bolsillo una guía de ferrocarriles, miró el horario, luego volvió a lavarse, y ante el espejo se peinó.","translation":"Erdosain heard the bang the door made as it closed, brooded with a frown for a moment, searched his pocket for a railway timetable, looked at the schedule, then washed again, and combed his hair before the mirror.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p99-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"volvió a lavarse","title":"«volver a» + infinitive","body":"«Volver a» plus an infinitive means 'to do something again': «volvió a lavarse» = 'he washed again', literally 'he returned to washing himself'. It is the everyday way to say 'again' with a verb."}],"words":[{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of escuchó","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"escuchó","lemma":"escuchar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of golpe","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"golpe","lemma":"golpe","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of escuchó","gloss":"bang"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"direct object of hizo","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hizo","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"verb of the relative clause (modifies golpe)","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of puerta","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"puerta","lemma":"puerta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of hizo","gloss":"door"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition (al + infinitive = as/when)","role":"preposition marking cerrarse","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"cerrarse","lemma":"cerrar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive, with reflexive enclitic se","role":"adverbial clause on hizo","gloss":"it closed"},{"surface":"caviló","lemma":"cavilar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with escuchó (next action in the series)","gloss":"brooded"},{"surface":"ceñudo","lemma":"ceñudo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement describing Erdosain (manner of caviló)","gloss":"with a frown"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of instante","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"instante","lemma":"instante","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"temporal adverbial modifying caviló","gloss":"moment"},{"surface":"buscó","lemma":"buscar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with escuchó (next action in the series)","gloss":"searched"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bolsillo","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of bolsillo","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"bolsillo","lemma":"bolsillo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of buscó","gloss":"pocket"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of guía","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"guía","lemma":"guía","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of buscó","gloss":"timetable"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ferrocarriles","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"ferrocarriles","lemma":"ferrocarril","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies guía","gloss":"railways"},{"surface":"miró","lemma":"mirar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with escuchó (next action in the series)","gloss":"looked at"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of horario","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"horario","lemma":"horario","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of miró","gloss":"schedule"},{"surface":"luego","lemma":"luego","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies volvió","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"volvió","lemma":"volver","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with escuchó (next action, volver a = to do again)","gloss":"again","note":"\"Volver a + infinitive\" is a common construction meaning \"to do (something) again.\""},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of lavarse","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"lavarse","lemma":"lavar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive, with reflexive enclitic se","role":"complement of volvió","gloss":"wash"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ante","lemma":"ante","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking espejo","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of espejo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"espejo","lemma":"espejo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of peinó","gloss":"mirror"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of peinó","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"peinó","lemma":"peinar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with escuchó","gloss":"combed"}]},{"number":271,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p99-s2","source":"Tenía el labio amoratado, una mancha roja bordeábale la nariz, así como otra circunvalaba la sien, junto a la entrada del cabello.","translation":"His lip was bruised purple, a red mark edged his nose, and another ringed his temple, beside the hairline.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p99-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"bordeábale","title":"Pronoun attached to the verb","body":"«Bordeábale» attaches the indirect pronoun «le» to the end of the conjugated verb «bordeaba» ('bordered him'), a literary placement Arlt favors. In ordinary prose this would be «le bordeaba la nariz»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Tenía","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of labio","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"labio","lemma":"labio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of Tenía","gloss":"lip"},{"surface":"amoratado","lemma":"amoratado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies labio","gloss":"bruised purple"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mancha","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"mancha","lemma":"mancha","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of bordeábale","gloss":"mark"},{"surface":"roja","lemma":"rojo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies mancha","gloss":"red"},{"surface":"bordeábale","lemma":"bordear","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular, with archaic enclitic le","role":"main verb of the clause (mancha is subject)","gloss":"edged","note":"Literary word order: the clitic \"le\" is attached after the verb (\"bordeábale\" = \"le bordeaba\") instead of before it, a stylistic device common in older written Spanish."},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of nariz","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"nariz","lemma":"nariz","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of bordeábale","gloss":"nose"},{"surface":"así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb (part of así como = as well as)","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction (part of así como)","role":"part of the phrase así como","gloss":"well as"},{"surface":"otra","lemma":"otro","morphology":"pronoun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of circunvalaba","gloss":"another"},{"surface":"circunvalaba","lemma":"circunvalar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the así como clause (parallel to bordeábale)","gloss":"ringed"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of sien","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"sien","lemma":"sien","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of circunvalaba","gloss":"temple"},{"surface":"junto","lemma":"junto","morphology":"adverb (part of junto a = beside)","role":"locates sien (junto a = beside), modifies circunvalaba","gloss":"beside"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition (part of junto a)","role":"part of the phrase junto a","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of entrada","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"entrada","lemma":"entrada","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of junto a (beside)","gloss":"hairline"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cabello","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"cabello","lemma":"cabello","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies entrada","gloss":"hair"}]},{"number":272,"label":"100","id":"la-bofetada-p100-s1","source":"Miró en derredor buscando algo, vio el revólver caído, lo recogió y salió.","translation":"He looked around searching for something, saw the fallen revolver, picked it up and went out.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p100-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"en derredor","title":"«en derredor»","body":"«En derredor» is a literary equivalent of «alrededor» ('around, round about'). «Miró en derredor» = 'he looked all around'. The revolver he retrieves is the one mentioned earlier — the gun he chose not to use."}],"words":[{"surface":"Miró","lemma":"mirar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"he looked"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking derredor","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"derredor","lemma":"derredor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of Miró","gloss":"around","note":"En derredor is a literary phrase meaning 'all around, on every side.'"},{"surface":"buscando","lemma":"buscar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on Miró","gloss":"searching for"},{"surface":"algo","lemma":"algo","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of buscando","gloss":"something"},{"surface":"vio","lemma":"ver","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with Miró","gloss":"he saw"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of revólver","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"revólver","lemma":"revólver","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of vio","gloss":"revolver"},{"surface":"caído","lemma":"caído","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies revólver","gloss":"fallen"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of recogió","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"recogió","lemma":"recoger","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with vio","gloss":"picked up"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"salió","lemma":"salir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with recogió","gloss":"went out"}]},{"number":273,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p100-s2","source":"Pero como dejara la luz encendida, volvió y apagó la lámpara.","translation":"But since he had left the light on, he went back and put out the lamp.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p100-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"como dejara","title":"«como» + imperfect subjunctive for cause","body":"Here «como» means 'since / as' (giving a reason), and Arlt pairs it with the imperfect subjunctive «dejara» ('he had left') — an older, literary alternative to the indicative «había dejado». «Como dejara la luz encendida» = 'since he had left the light on'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies volvió","gloss":"But"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of dejara","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"dejara","lemma":"dejar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on volvió","gloss":"he had left","note":"Dejara is the literary -ra form used as a pluperfect ('had left'), not a subjunctive here."},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of luz","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"luz","lemma":"luz","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of dejara","gloss":"light"},{"surface":"encendida","lemma":"encendido","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies luz","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"volvió","lemma":"volver","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went back"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"apagó","lemma":"apagar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with volvió","gloss":"put out"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of lámpara","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"lámpara","lemma":"lámpara","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of apagó","gloss":"lamp"}]},{"number":274,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p100-s3","source":"Todo estaba oscuro ahora, como el rastro de una luz brilló ante sus ojos y salió.","translation":"Everything was dark now; like the trace of a light it gleamed before his eyes, and he went out.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p100-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Todo","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of oscuro","gloss":"Everything"},{"surface":"estaba","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to oscuro","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"oscuro","lemma":"oscuro","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"dark"},{"surface":"ahora","lemma":"ahora","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies oscuro","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of brilló","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of rastro","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"rastro","lemma":"rastro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of brilló","gloss":"trace"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking luz","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of luz","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"luz","lemma":"luz","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies rastro","gloss":"light"},{"surface":"brilló","lemma":"brillar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on estaba","gloss":"it gleamed"},{"surface":"ante","lemma":"ante","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ojos","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of ojos","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"ojos","lemma":"ojo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of brilló","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"salió","lemma":"salir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with brilló","gloss":"he went out"}]},{"number":275,"label":"","id":"la-bofetada-p100-s4","source":"Por segunda vez en aquel día iba a la casa del Astrólogo.","translation":"For the second time that day he was going to the Astrologer's house.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-bofetada-p100-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"iba a la casa","title":"Imperfect for an action in progress","body":"«Iba» (imperfect of «ir») here frames a journey under way: 'he was going / on his way to'. The chapter closes on this open, continuous motion — Erdosain already set on the road to the Astrologer and the plan he has just conceived."}],"words":[{"surface":"Por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vez","gloss":"For"},{"surface":"segunda","lemma":"segundo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies vez","gloss":"second"},{"surface":"vez","lemma":"vez","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of iba","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking día","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"aquel","lemma":"aquel","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of día","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"día","lemma":"día","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of iba","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"iba","lemma":"ir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"he was going"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking casa","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of casa","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"casa","lemma":"casa","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of iba","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Astrólogo","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies casa","gloss":"Astrologer"}]}]}