{"work":{"slug":"arlt","title":{"source":"Los siete locos","translated":"The Seven Madmen"},"author":"Roberto Arlt","language":"Spanish","languageCode":"es","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/arlt"},"unit":{"kind":"chapter","number":null,"id":"la-farsa","title":{"source":"La farsa","translated":"The Farce"},"section":"Part Two","summary":null,"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/arlt/la-farsa","lines":313},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/books/arlt/discurso-del-astrologo","next":"https://1732studios.com/books/arlt/el-buscador-de-oro","license":"Source text: public domain (Roberto Arlt, d. 1942). English translation: © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC — original draft, pending editorial review. NOTE: this is a minimal seed excerpt to make the app target runnable; full verified content is authored through the content pipeline.","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/","lines":[{"number":1,"label":"1","id":"la-farsa-p1-s1","source":"Al entrar, el círculo de hombres se puso de pie, mas Erdosain se detuvo estupefacto al observar entre los reunidos un oficial del ejército con el uniforme de mayor.","translation":"As he came in, the circle of men rose to their feet, but Erdosain stopped short, dumbfounded to see among the gathering an army officer in a major's uniform.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p1-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Al entrar","title":"«Al» + infinitive","body":"«Al» plus an infinitive means 'upon / on (doing something)': «al entrar» = 'on entering', 'as he came in'. It packs a whole clause of time into two words and appears twice in this sentence («al entrar», «al observar»)."},{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"mas","title":"«mas» without an accent","body":"Unaccented «mas» is a literary word for 'but', equivalent to «pero». Do not confuse it with «más» ('more'), which carries an accent. Arlt favors this older, bookish form."}],"words":[{"surface":"Al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking entrar","gloss":"Upon"},{"surface":"entrar","lemma":"entrar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on puso","gloss":"entering"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of círculo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"círculo","lemma":"círculo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of puso","gloss":"circle"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hombres","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"hombres","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies círculo","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of puso","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"puso","lemma":"poner","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"rose"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pie","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"pie","lemma":"pie","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of puso","gloss":"feet"},{"surface":"mas","lemma":"mas","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of detuvo","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of detuvo","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"detuvo","lemma":"detener","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with puso","gloss":"stopped"},{"surface":"estupefacto","lemma":"estupefacto","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Erdosain","gloss":"dumbfounded"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking observar","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"observar","lemma":"observar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on detuvo","gloss":"seeing"},{"surface":"entre","lemma":"entre","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking reunidos","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of reunidos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"reunidos","lemma":"reunido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of observar","gloss":"gathered"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of oficial","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"oficial","lemma":"oficial","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of observar","gloss":"officer"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ejército","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"ejército","lemma":"ejército","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies oficial","gloss":"army"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking uniforme","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of uniforme","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"uniforme","lemma":"uniforme","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies oficial","gloss":"uniform"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mayor","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"mayor","lemma":"mayor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies uniforme","gloss":"major","note":"False friend: here 'mayor' means the military rank 'major,' not 'bigger/older.'"}]},{"number":2,"label":"2","id":"la-farsa-p2-s1","source":"Estaban allí el Buscador de Oro, Haffner, un desconocido y el Mayor.","translation":"There sat the Gold Seeker, Haffner, a stranger, and the Major.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p2-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Estaban","lemma":"estar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"allí","lemma":"allí","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Estaban","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Buscador","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Buscador","lemma":"Buscador","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of Estaban","gloss":"Seeker"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Oro","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Oro","lemma":"Oro","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name Buscador","gloss":"Gold"},{"surface":"Haffner","lemma":"Haffner","morphology":"proper noun","role":"coordinated with Buscador","gloss":"Haffner"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of desconocido","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"desconocido","lemma":"desconocido","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with Buscador","gloss":"stranger"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Mayor","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Mayor","lemma":"Mayor","morphology":"proper noun","role":"coordinated with desconocido","gloss":"Major"}]},{"number":3,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p2-s2","source":"Los dos primeros de codos en la mesa.","translation":"The first two with their elbows on the table.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p2-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"de codos","title":"«de codos»","body":"«De codos» means 'leaning on one's elbows'. The phrase has no verb here — Arlt drops the verb of the previous sentence and lets the fragment stand, a clipped, sketch-like style."}],"words":[{"surface":"Los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of primeros","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"dos","lemma":"dos","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies primeros","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"primeros","lemma":"primero","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking codos","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"codos","lemma":"codo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies primeros","gloss":"elbows","note":"'De codos' is an idiom meaning to lean on one's elbows."},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mesa","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mesa","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mesa","lemma":"mesa","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies primeros","gloss":"table"}]},{"number":4,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p2-s3","source":"Haffner releyendo unos papeles en blanco, y el Buscador de Oro con un mapa frente a él.","translation":"Haffner rereading some blank sheets, and the Gold Seeker with a map in front of him.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p2-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Haffner","lemma":"Haffner","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of releyendo","gloss":"Haffner"},{"surface":"releyendo","lemma":"releer","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"rereading"},{"surface":"unos","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of papeles","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"papeles","lemma":"papel","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of releyendo","gloss":"sheets"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking blanco","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"blanco","lemma":"blanco","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies papeles","gloss":"blank","note":"'En blanco' is an idiom meaning 'blank,' literally 'in white.'"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Buscador","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Buscador","lemma":"Buscador","morphology":"proper noun","role":"coordinated with releyendo","gloss":"Seeker"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Oro","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Oro","lemma":"Oro","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name Buscador","gloss":"Gold"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mapa","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of mapa","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"mapa","lemma":"mapa","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Buscador","gloss":"map"},{"surface":"frente","lemma":"frente","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies mapa","gloss":"in front"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase frente","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of frente","gloss":"him"}]},{"number":5,"label":"3","id":"la-farsa-p3-s1","source":"Un pedrusco precintado impedía que el viento se llevara el dibujo.","translation":"A sealed lump of stone kept the wind from carrying off the drawing.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p3-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"impedía que… se llevara","title":"Subjunctive after «impedir que»","body":"Verbs of preventing, like «impedir que» ('to keep / prevent from'), force the subjunctive in the clause they govern. With the past-tense «impedía», that clause takes the imperfect subjunctive «se llevara» ('from carrying off')."}],"words":[{"surface":"Un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of pedrusco","gloss":"A"},{"surface":"pedrusco","lemma":"pedrusco","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of impedía","gloss":"lump of stone"},{"surface":"precintado","lemma":"precintado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies pedrusco","gloss":"sealed"},{"surface":"impedía","lemma":"impedir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"prevented"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of llevara","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of viento","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"viento","lemma":"viento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of llevara","gloss":"wind"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of llevara","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"llevara","lemma":"llevar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of impedía","gloss":"carrying off"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of dibujo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"dibujo","lemma":"dibujo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of llevara","gloss":"drawing"}]},{"number":6,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p3-s2","source":"El Rufián estrechó la mano de Erdosain y éste se sentó a su lado, poniéndose a observar al Mayor, que bruscamente había despertado toda su curiosidad.","translation":"The Ruffian shook Erdosain's hand, and Erdosain sat down beside him, beginning to study the Major, who had abruptly aroused all his curiosity.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p3-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"poniéndose a observar","title":"«ponerse a» + infinitive","body":"«Ponerse a» plus an infinitive means 'to begin / set about (doing something)', stressing the start of the action: «poniéndose a observar» = 'beginning to observe'. The pronominal «se» is part of the idiom."}],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Rufián","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"Rufián","lemma":"Rufián","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of estrechó","gloss":"Ruffian"},{"surface":"estrechó","lemma":"estrechar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"shook"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mano","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mano","lemma":"mano","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of estrechó","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Erdosain","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies mano","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"éste","lemma":"este","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of sentó","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of sentó","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"sentó","lemma":"sentar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with estrechó","gloss":"sat"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lado","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of lado","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"lado","lemma":"lado","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of sentó","gloss":"side"},{"surface":"poniéndose","lemma":"ponerse","morphology":"verb, gerund, with enclitic reflexive se","role":"adverbial clause on sentó","gloss":"beginning to"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of observar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"observar","lemma":"observar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of poniéndose","gloss":"study"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Mayor","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Mayor","lemma":"Mayor","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of observar","gloss":"Major"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of despertado","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"bruscamente","lemma":"bruscamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies despertado","gloss":"abruptly"},{"surface":"había","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of despertado","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"despertado","lemma":"despertar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"clause modifying Mayor","gloss":"aroused"},{"surface":"toda","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"modifies curiosidad","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of curiosidad","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"curiosidad","lemma":"curiosidad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of despertado","gloss":"curiosity"}]},{"number":7,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p3-s3","source":"Realmente el Astrólogo era maestro en sorpresas.","translation":"The Astrologer was truly a master of surprises.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p3-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Realmente","lemma":"realmente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies maestro","gloss":"truly"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of era","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"era","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to maestro","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"maestro","lemma":"maestro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of era","gloss":"master"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sorpresas","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"sorpresas","lemma":"sorpresa","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies maestro","gloss":"surprises"}]},{"number":8,"label":"4","id":"la-farsa-p4-s1","source":"Sin embargo, el desconocido le produjo mala impresión.","translation":"Even so, the stranger made a bad impression on him.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p4-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies produjo","gloss":"Even"},{"surface":"embargo","lemma":"embargo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"part of the phrase Sin","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of desconocido","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"desconocido","lemma":"desconocido","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of produjo","gloss":"stranger"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of produjo","gloss":"on him"},{"surface":"produjo","lemma":"producir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"mala","lemma":"malo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies impresión","gloss":"bad"},{"surface":"impresión","lemma":"impresión","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of produjo","gloss":"impression"}]},{"number":9,"label":"5","id":"la-farsa-p5-s1","source":"Era éste un hombre de elevada estatura, lívido y ojos renegridos.","translation":"This was a man of tall stature, livid, with jet-black eyes.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p5-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Era","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to hombre","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"éste","lemma":"este","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of era","gloss":"This"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hombre","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of era","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking estatura","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"elevada","lemma":"elevado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies estatura","gloss":"tall"},{"surface":"estatura","lemma":"estatura","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies hombre","gloss":"stature"},{"surface":"lívido","lemma":"lívido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies hombre","gloss":"livid"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ojos","lemma":"ojo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with lívido","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"renegridos","lemma":"renegrido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies ojos","gloss":"jet-black"}]},{"number":10,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p5-s2","source":"Había en él algo de repugnante, y era el labio inferior replegado en un continuo mohín de desprecio, la nariz larga y arqueada, arrugada sobre el ceño por tres muescas transversales.","translation":"There was something repugnant in him, namely the lower lip drawn back in a perpetual sneer of contempt, the long, arched nose, wrinkled over the brow by three crosswise furrows.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p5-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Había en él algo","title":"Impersonal «había»","body":"Impersonal «haber» states that something exists: «había algo» = 'there was something'. It stays singular regardless of what follows and never takes a subject — the thing that exists is its object."}],"words":[{"surface":"Había","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"There was"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking él","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of Había","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"algo","lemma":"algo","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of Había","gloss":"something"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking repugnante","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"repugnante","lemma":"repugnante","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies algo","gloss":"repugnant"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"era","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to labio","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of labio","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"labio","lemma":"labio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of era","gloss":"lip"},{"surface":"inferior","lemma":"inferior","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies labio","gloss":"lower"},{"surface":"replegado","lemma":"replegado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies labio","gloss":"drawn back"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mohín","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of mohín","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"continuo","lemma":"continuo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies mohín","gloss":"perpetual"},{"surface":"mohín","lemma":"mohín","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies labio","gloss":"sneer"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking desprecio","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"desprecio","lemma":"desprecio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies mohín","gloss":"contempt"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of nariz","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"nariz","lemma":"nariz","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with labio","gloss":"nose"},{"surface":"larga","lemma":"largo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies nariz","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"arqueada","lemma":"arqueado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with larga","gloss":"arched"},{"surface":"arrugada","lemma":"arrugado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies nariz","gloss":"wrinkled"},{"surface":"sobre","lemma":"sobre","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ceño","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ceño","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ceño","lemma":"ceño","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of arrugada","gloss":"brow"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking muescas","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"tres","lemma":"tres","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies muescas","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"muescas","lemma":"muesca","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of arrugada","gloss":"furrows"},{"surface":"transversales","lemma":"transversal","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies muescas","gloss":"crosswise"}]},{"number":11,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p5-s3","source":"Un sedoso bigote caía sobre sus labios rojos y su mirada apenas se fijó en Erdosain, pues ni bien fue presentado a él se dejó caer en una hamaca, permaneciendo así con la cabeza apoyada en un respaldar, la espada entre las rodillas y un alón de cabello pegado a su frente plana.","translation":"A silky moustache fell over his red lips, and his gaze barely settled on Erdosain, for the moment he was introduced to him he let himself drop into a hammock, staying that way with his head propped against a backrest, his sword between his knees, and a lock of hair stuck to his flat forehead.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p5-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ni bien","title":"«ni bien»","body":"«Ni bien» is a River Plate way to say 'as soon as', 'the moment that': «ni bien fue presentado» = 'the moment he was introduced'. Where Spain would say «en cuanto», Buenos Aires says «ni bien»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of bigote","gloss":"A"},{"surface":"sedoso","lemma":"sedoso","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies bigote","gloss":"silky"},{"surface":"bigote","lemma":"bigote","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of caía","gloss":"moustache"},{"surface":"caía","lemma":"caer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"fell"},{"surface":"sobre","lemma":"sobre","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking labios","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of labios","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"labios","lemma":"labio","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of caía","gloss":"lips"},{"surface":"rojos","lemma":"rojo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies labios","gloss":"red"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of mirada","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"mirada","lemma":"mirada","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of fijó","gloss":"gaze"},{"surface":"apenas","lemma":"apenas","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fijó","gloss":"barely"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of fijó","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"fijó","lemma":"fijar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with caía","gloss":"settled"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Erdosain","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of fijó","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"pues","lemma":"pues","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of presentado","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"ni","lemma":"ni","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies presentado","gloss":"no sooner","note":"'Ni bien' is a Rioplatense idiom meaning 'as soon as' / 'no sooner than.'"},{"surface":"bien","lemma":"bien","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase ni","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"fue","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of presentado","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"presentado","lemma":"presentar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"adverbial clause on dejó","gloss":"introduced"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking él","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of presentado","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of dejó","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"dejó","lemma":"dejar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with caía","gloss":"let"},{"surface":"caer","lemma":"caer","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of dejó","gloss":"drop"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hamaca","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of hamaca","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"hamaca","lemma":"hamaca","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of dejó","gloss":"hammock"},{"surface":"permaneciendo","lemma":"permanecer","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on dejó","gloss":"staying"},{"surface":"así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies permaneciendo","gloss":"that way"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cabeza","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cabeza","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cabeza","lemma":"cabeza","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of permaneciendo","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"apoyada","lemma":"apoyado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies cabeza","gloss":"propped"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking respaldar","gloss":"against"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of respaldar","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"respaldar","lemma":"respaldar","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of apoyada","gloss":"backrest"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of espada","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"espada","lemma":"espada","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with cabeza","gloss":"sword"},{"surface":"entre","lemma":"entre","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rodillas","gloss":"between"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of rodillas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"rodillas","lemma":"rodilla","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies espada","gloss":"knees"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of alón","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"alón","lemma":"alón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with espada","gloss":"lock","note":"Alón (augmentative of ala, 'wing') here means a large lock of hair."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cabello","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"cabello","lemma":"cabello","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies alón","gloss":"hair"},{"surface":"pegado","lemma":"pegado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies alón","gloss":"stuck"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking frente","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of frente","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"frente","lemma":"frente","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of pegado","gloss":"forehead"},{"surface":"plana","lemma":"plano","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies frente","gloss":"flat"}]},{"number":12,"label":"6","id":"la-farsa-p6-s1","source":"Y durante unos minutos todos permanecieron en silencio, observándose con evidente malestar.","translation":"And for a few minutes they all stayed silent, eyeing one another with evident unease.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p6-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"observándose","title":"Reciprocal «se»","body":"Here «-se» on «observándose» is reciprocal: not 'observing themselves' but 'observing each other'. With a plural subject the pronominal verb often means a mutual action between the members of the group."}],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"durante","lemma":"durante","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking minutos","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"unos","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of minutos","gloss":"a few"},{"surface":"minutos","lemma":"minuto","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of permanecieron","gloss":"minutes"},{"surface":"todos","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of permanecieron","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"permanecieron","lemma":"permanecer","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stayed"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking silencio","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"silencio","lemma":"silencio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of permanecieron","gloss":"silence"},{"surface":"observándose","lemma":"observarse","morphology":"verb, gerund, with enclitic reflexive se","role":"adverbial clause on permanecieron","gloss":"eyeing one another"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking malestar","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"evidente","lemma":"evidente","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies malestar","gloss":"evident"},{"surface":"malestar","lemma":"malestar","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of observándose","gloss":"unease"}]},{"number":13,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p6-s2","source":"El Astrólogo, sentado a un costado de la entrada de la glorieta, encendió un cigarrillo observando oblicuamente a los «jefes».","translation":"The Astrologer, seated to one side of the arbor's entrance, lit a cigarette, watching the \"chiefs\" out of the corner of his eye.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p6-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of encendió","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"sentado","lemma":"sentado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Astrólogo","gloss":"seated"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking costado","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of costado","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"costado","lemma":"costado","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of preposition a, complement of sentado","gloss":"side"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking entrada","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of entrada","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"entrada","lemma":"entrada","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of preposition de, modifies costado","gloss":"entrance"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking glorieta","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of glorieta","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"glorieta","lemma":"glorieta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of preposition de, modifies entrada","gloss":"arbor"},{"surface":"encendió","lemma":"encender","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lit"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cigarrillo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"cigarrillo","lemma":"cigarrillo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of encendió","gloss":"cigarette"},{"surface":"observando","lemma":"observar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on encendió","gloss":"watching"},{"surface":"oblicuamente","lemma":"oblicuamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies observando","gloss":"obliquely","note":"Literally 'obliquely' — rendered as 'out of the corner of his eye' in the translation."},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking jefes (personal a)","gloss":"marks object"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of jefes","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"jefes","lemma":"jefe","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of observando","gloss":"chiefs"}]},{"number":14,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p6-s3","source":"Así se les llamó en una reunión posterior.","translation":"That is what they were called at a later meeting.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p6-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se les llamó","title":"Impersonal / passive «se»","body":"«Se les llamó así» = 'they were called that' / 'one called them that'. The «se» makes the verb impersonal, leaving the doer unnamed; «les» is the object 'them'. Spanish prefers this to a true passive."}],"words":[{"surface":"Así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies llamó","gloss":"thus"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"passive marker of llamó","gloss":"are","note":"'Se' here marks a reflexive passive: 'se les llamó' = 'they were called', not a true reflexive action."},{"surface":"les","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, plural","role":"logical patient of llamó (dative used for the passive subject, leísmo)","gloss":"they","note":"Dative 'les' stands in for the people being named, a common leísta usage in this passive construction."},{"surface":"llamó","lemma":"llamar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"called"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking reunión","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of reunión","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"reunión","lemma":"reunión","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of llamó","gloss":"meeting"},{"surface":"posterior","lemma":"posterior","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies reunión","gloss":"later"}]},{"number":15,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p6-s4","source":"De pronto levantó la cabeza mirando a los otros cinco hombres que estaban frente a la cabecera de la mesa, y dijo:","translation":"Suddenly he raised his head, looking at the other five men who sat facing the head of the table, and said:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p6-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the idiom de pronto, modifies levantó","gloss":"suddenly","note":"'De pronto' is a fixed phrase meaning 'suddenly'; the two words don't translate separately."},{"surface":"pronto","lemma":"pronto","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the idiom de pronto","gloss":"suddenly"},{"surface":"levantó","lemma":"levantar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"raised"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cabeza","gloss":"his","note":"Spanish uses the definite article with body parts where English uses a possessive."},{"surface":"cabeza","lemma":"cabeza","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of levantó","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"mirando","lemma":"mirar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on levantó","gloss":"looking"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hombres","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of hombres","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"otros","lemma":"otro","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"modifies hombres","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"cinco","lemma":"cinco","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies hombres","gloss":"five"},{"surface":"hombres","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of mirando","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of estaban","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"estaban","lemma":"estar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"clause modifying hombres","gloss":"were","note":"'Estaban' is a form of 'estar' (to be/located), not 'sentarse' (to sit); the word itself means 'were', with 'sat' being the translator's smoothing of 'were positioned facing'."},{"surface":"frente","lemma":"frente a","morphology":"preposition (compound, with a)","role":"preposition marking cabecera","gloss":"facing"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the compound preposition frente a","gloss":"facing"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cabecera","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cabecera","lemma":"cabecera","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of estaban","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mesa","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mesa","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mesa","lemma":"mesa","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies cabecera","gloss":"table"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dijo","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with levantó","gloss":"said"}]},{"number":16,"label":"7","id":"la-farsa-p7-s1","source":"–No creo necesario que volvamos a repetir lo que todos conocemos y hemos convenido en reuniones particulares..., es decir, la organización de una sociedad secreta cuyo sostenimiento se efectuará mediante comercios morales o inmorales.","translation":"—I don't think it necessary for us to repeat what we all know and have agreed upon in private meetings…, that is, the founding of a secret society whose upkeep will be funded through moral or immoral trades.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p7-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"volvamos a repetir","title":"«volver a» + infinitive","body":"«Volver a» plus an infinitive means 'to do something again': «volver a repetir» = 'to repeat once more'. It is the everyday way to express 'again' in Spanish, replacing a separate adverb."}],"words":[{"surface":"No","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies creo","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"creo","lemma":"creer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"think"},{"surface":"necesario","lemma":"necesario","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of creo","gloss":"necessary"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of volvamos","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"volvamos","lemma":"volver","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, first-person, plural","role":"clausal complement of necesario","gloss":"go back","note":"'Volver a + infinitive' means 'to do (something) again'."},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"infinitive marker, part of the idiom volver a","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"repetir","lemma":"repetir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of volvamos","gloss":"repeat"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"lo","morphology":"pronoun, neuter","role":"part of the compound relative lo que","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"direct object of conocemos (part of lo que)","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"todos","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of conocemos","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"conocemos","lemma":"conocer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"relative clause on lo que, complement of repetir","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hemos","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of convenido","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"convenido","lemma":"convenir","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with conocemos","gloss":"agreed"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking reuniones","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"reuniones","lemma":"reunión","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of convenido","gloss":"meetings"},{"surface":"particulares","lemma":"particular","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies reuniones","gloss":"private"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"part of the idiomatic phrase es decir","gloss":"is","note":"'Es' is a form of 'ser' (to be); the idiom 'es decir' = 'that is (to say)', so 'es' contributes 'is', not 'that'."},{"surface":"decir","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"part of the idiomatic phrase es decir","gloss":"say","note":"'Decir' means 'to say'; in the idiom 'es decir' it supplies '(to) say', not 'is' — the two glosses in the output were swapped."},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of organización","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"organización","lemma":"organización","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"appositive restating the object of repetir","gloss":"organization","note":"'Organización' means 'organization/organizing'; 'founding' is the translator's free rendering, not the actual meaning of this word (that would be 'fundación')."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sociedad","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of sociedad","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"sociedad","lemma":"sociedad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies organización","gloss":"society"},{"surface":"secreta","lemma":"secreto","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies sociedad","gloss":"secret"},{"surface":"cuyo","lemma":"cuyo","morphology":"relative possessive determiner, masculine, singular","role":"modifies sostenimiento, refers back to sociedad","gloss":"whose"},{"surface":"sostenimiento","lemma":"sostenimiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of efectuará","gloss":"upkeep"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"passive marker of efectuará","gloss":"will be","note":"Passive 'se': 'se efectuará' = 'will be carried out'."},{"surface":"efectuará","lemma":"efectuar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the relative clause modifying sociedad","gloss":"carried out","note":"'Efectuar' means 'to carry out/execute', not 'to fund' (that would be 'financiar'/'costear'). The gloss agent's own note on w28 ('se' = passive marker, 'se efectuará' = 'will be carried out') contradicts the 'funded' gloss given here."},{"surface":"mediante","lemma":"mediante","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking comercios","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"comercios","lemma":"comercio","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of efectuará","gloss":"trades"},{"surface":"morales","lemma":"moral","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies comercios","gloss":"moral"},{"surface":"o","lemma":"o","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"inmorales","lemma":"inmoral","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"coordinated with morales","gloss":"immoral"}]},{"number":17,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p7-s2","source":"En esto estamos todos de acuerdo, ¿no?","translation":"On this we are all agreed, no?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p7-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"En","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking esto","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"esto","lemma":"este","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"oblique complement of estamos","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"estamos","lemma":"estar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"todos","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies the implied subject of estamos","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase de acuerdo, complement of estamos","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"acuerdo","lemma":"acuerdo","morphology":"noun","role":"part of the fixed phrase de acuerdo","gloss":"agreement"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"tag question on the sentence","gloss":"no"}]},{"number":18,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p7-s3","source":"¿Qué les parece a usted (a mí me gusta la geometría) que llamemos «células» a los distintos jefes radiales de la sociedad?","translation":"How would it suit you (I happen to like geometry) for us to call the society's various branch chiefs \"cells\"?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p7-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"que llamemos","title":"Subjunctive after «¿qué les parece?»","body":"Asking what someone thinks of a proposed action triggers the subjunctive: «¿qué les parece que llamemos…?» = 'how would it suit you for us to call…?'. The present subjunctive «llamemos» marks the suggestion as hypothetical, not yet a fact."}],"words":[{"surface":"Qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of parece","gloss":"What"},{"surface":"les","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, plural","role":"indirect object of parece","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"parece","lemma":"parecer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"seem"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking usted","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"usted","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, second-person formal, singular","role":"reinforces indirect object les of parece","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mí","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"mí","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, prepositional, first-person, singular","role":"emphasizes indirect object me of gusta","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of gusta","gloss":"me","note":"'Me' is the dative/clitic pronoun 'to me/me', the same referent as 'mí' in w7 (correctly glossed 'me'). Glossing it as 'I' invents a nominative sense the word doesn't have; the subject-flip belongs to 'gusta' ('like'), not to 'me'."},{"surface":"gusta","lemma":"gustar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the parenthetical clause","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of geometría","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"geometría","lemma":"geometría","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of gusta","gloss":"geometry"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of llamemos, complement of parece","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"llamemos","lemma":"llamar","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, first-person, plural","role":"clausal complement of parece","gloss":"call"},{"surface":"células","lemma":"célula","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"predicate name given, object complement of llamemos","gloss":"cells","note":"'Llamar X a Y' means 'to call Y X': the chiefs (Y) are the direct object, 'cells' (X) is the name given to them."},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking jefes (personal a)","gloss":"marks object"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of jefes","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"distintos","lemma":"distinto","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"modifies jefes","gloss":"various"},{"surface":"jefes","lemma":"jefe","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of llamemos","gloss":"chiefs"},{"surface":"radiales","lemma":"radial","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies jefes","gloss":"branch"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sociedad","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of sociedad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sociedad","lemma":"sociedad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies jefes","gloss":"society"}]},{"number":19,"label":"8","id":"la-farsa-p8-s1","source":"–Así se llaman en Rusia –dijo el Mayor–.","translation":"—That is what they are called in Russia —said the Major—.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p8-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies llaman","gloss":"thus"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"passive marker of llaman","gloss":"are","note":"Reflexive passive: 'se llaman' = 'they are called'."},{"surface":"llaman","lemma":"llamar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"clausal complement of dijo","gloss":"called"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Rusia","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Rusia","lemma":"Rusia","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of llaman","gloss":"Russia"},{"surface":"dijo","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Mayor","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Mayor","lemma":"Mayor","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of dijo","gloss":"Major"}]},{"number":20,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p8-s2","source":"Los componentes de cada célula no podrán conocer a los miembros de otra.","translation":"The members of each cell will not be able to know the members of another.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p8-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of componentes","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"componentes","lemma":"componente","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of podrán","gloss":"members"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking célula","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"cada","lemma":"cada","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of célula","gloss":"each"},{"surface":"célula","lemma":"célula","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies componentes","gloss":"cell"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies podrán","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"podrán","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, future, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of conocer","gloss":"will be able"},{"surface":"conocer","lemma":"conocer","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking miembros (personal a)","gloss":"marks object"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of miembros","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"miembros","lemma":"miembro","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of conocer","gloss":"members"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking otra","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"otra","lemma":"otro","morphology":"pronoun, feminine, singular","role":"object of preposition de (elliptical for otra célula)","gloss":"another"}]},{"number":21,"label":"9","id":"la-farsa-p9-s1","source":"–¿Cómo..., los jefes no se conocerán entre sí?","translation":"—What do you mean…, the chiefs won't know one another?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p9-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se conocerán entre sí","title":"«entre sí»","body":"«Entre sí» reinforces a reciprocal meaning: 'among themselves', 'one another'. Paired with the reciprocal «se», «conocerse entre sí» makes the mutual sense unambiguous — they won't know each other."}],"words":[{"surface":"Cómo","lemma":"cómo","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation questioning the previous statement","gloss":"What","note":"'¿Cómo...?' used alone as a surprised interjection, closer to 'What?!' than a literal 'how'."},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of jefes","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"jefes","lemma":"jefe","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of conocerán","gloss":"chiefs"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies conocerán","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reciprocal","role":"reciprocal particle of conocerán","gloss":"each other"},{"surface":"conocerán","lemma":"conocer","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"entre","lemma":"entre","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sí","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"sí","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"oblique complement of conocerán, reinforces se","gloss":"themselves"}]},{"number":22,"label":"10","id":"la-farsa-p10-s1","source":"–Los que no se conocerán, insisto, no son los jefes, sino los socios.","translation":"—The ones who won't know each other, I insist, are not the chiefs, but the members.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p10-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"no… sino","title":"«no… sino»","body":"After a negative, 'but rather' is «sino», not «pero»: «no son los jefes, sino los socios» = 'are not the chiefs, but the members'. «Sino» replaces a wrong term with the right one."}],"words":[{"surface":"Los","lemma":"el","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"head pronoun of the relative phrase Los que, subject of son","gloss":"the ones"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of conocerán","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies conocerán","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reciprocal","role":"reciprocal particle of conocerán","gloss":"each other"},{"surface":"conocerán","lemma":"conocer","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"verb of the relative clause modifying Los","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"insisto","lemma":"insistir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"parenthetical clause","gloss":"I insist"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies son","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"son","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"copula linking to jefes","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of jefes","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"jefes","lemma":"jefe","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"predicate complement of son","gloss":"chiefs"},{"surface":"sino","lemma":"sino","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of socios","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"socios","lemma":"socio","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with jefes","gloss":"members"}]},{"number":23,"label":"11","id":"la-farsa-p11-s1","source":"El Buscador de Oro interrumpió:","translation":"The Gold Seeker broke in:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p11-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Buscador","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Buscador","lemma":"Buscador","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of interrumpió","gloss":"Seeker"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Oro","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Oro","lemma":"Oro","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name Buscador","gloss":"Gold"},{"surface":"interrumpió","lemma":"interrumpir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"broke in"}]},{"number":24,"label":"12","id":"la-farsa-p12-s1","source":"–Así no va a ser posible hacer nada.","translation":"—This way it's going to be impossible to do anything.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p12-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"no va a ser","title":"«ir a» + infinitive (future)","body":"«Ir a» plus an infinitive is the common spoken future: «no va a ser posible» = 'it's not going to be possible'. Spanish prefers this periphrastic future to the inflected future in conversation."}],"words":[{"surface":"Así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the clause va a ser posible","gloss":"this way"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies va","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"va","lemma":"ir","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"part of the periphrasis va a ser (going to be)","gloss":"going to"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"infinitive marker, part of va a ser","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ser","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, infinitive","role":"copula linking to posible","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"posible","lemma":"posible","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"predicate complement of ser","gloss":"possible"},{"surface":"hacer","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"infinitival subject/complement of posible","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"nada","lemma":"nada","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of hacer","gloss":"anything","note":"'No...nada' is a double negative that reads as a single negation in Spanish, hence 'anything' rather than 'nothing' in English."}]},{"number":25,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p12-s2","source":"¿Qué es lo que liga a los miembros de las distintas células?","translation":"What is it that binds the members of the various cells together?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p12-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"lo que","title":"«lo que» as 'the thing that'","body":"«Lo que» means 'what / the thing that' as a relative: «qué es lo que liga…» = 'what is it that binds…'. The neuter «lo» turns the clause that follows into a noun-like 'thing that…'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"What"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"lo","morphology":"pronoun, neuter","role":"part of the compound relative lo que, predicate of es","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of liga","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"liga","lemma":"ligar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of es","gloss":"binds"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking miembros (personal a)","gloss":"marks object"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of miembros","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"miembros","lemma":"miembro","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of liga","gloss":"members"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking células","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of células","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"distintas","lemma":"distinto","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies células","gloss":"various"},{"surface":"células","lemma":"célula","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies miembros","gloss":"cells"}]},{"number":26,"label":"13","id":"la-farsa-p13-s1","source":"–Pero si la sociedad somos nosotros seis.","translation":"—But the society is the six of us.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p13-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Pero si","title":"Emphatic «si»","body":"At the head of an exclamation, «si» is not 'if' but an emphatic 'but', protesting something obvious: «pero si la sociedad somos nosotros» = 'but the society is us!'. It signals mild surprise that this even needs saying."}],"words":[{"surface":"Pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"conjunction introducing the sentence","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"discourse particle","role":"emphatic particle (pero si = but look/why)","gloss":"look","note":"Here 'si' is not conditional 'if' but an emphatic discourse particle, roughly 'but look here'."},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of sociedad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sociedad","lemma":"sociedad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of somos","gloss":"society"},{"surface":"somos","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"copula linking to nosotros","gloss":"are","note":"'Somos' is first-person plural ('we are'), as the parse's own morphology field states. Glossing it 'is' contradicts the stated morphology; the singular 'is' in the English translation is because 'the society' is the English subject, but the Spanish word itself means 'are'."},{"surface":"nosotros","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, plural","role":"predicate complement of somos","gloss":"us"},{"surface":"seis","lemma":"seis","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies nosotros","gloss":"six"}]},{"number":27,"label":"14","id":"la-farsa-p14-s1","source":"–No, señor... la sociedad soy yo –objetó el Astrólogo–.","translation":"—No, sir… the society is me —objected the Astrologer—.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p14-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"No","lemma":"no","morphology":"interjection","role":"interjection (No,)","gloss":"No"},{"surface":"señor","lemma":"señor","morphology":"noun, vocative","role":"vocative address term","gloss":"sir"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of sociedad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sociedad","lemma":"sociedad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of soy","gloss":"society"},{"surface":"soy","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"copula linking to yo","gloss":"am","note":"'Soy' is first-person singular ('I am'), per the parse's own morphology field. Gloss 'is' contradicts that; the word means 'am', matching 'yo' as its predicate."},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"predicate complement of soy","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"objetó","lemma":"objetar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"objected"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of objetó","gloss":"Astrologer"}]},{"number":28,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p14-s2","source":"Hablando seriamente, les diré que la sociedad son todos..., siempre con restricciones por lo que me atañe.","translation":"Speaking seriously, I'll tell you the society is everyone…, always with reservations as far as I am concerned.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p14-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"por lo que me atañe","title":"«atañer»","body":"«Atañer» means 'to concern / pertain to'; «por lo que me atañe» = 'as far as I am concerned', 'where I'm concerned'. The verb is used almost only in the third person."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hablando","lemma":"hablar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on diré","gloss":"speaking"},{"surface":"seriamente","lemma":"seriamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Hablando","gloss":"seriously"},{"surface":"les","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, plural","role":"indirect object of diré","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"diré","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I'll tell"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of son","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of sociedad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sociedad","lemma":"sociedad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of son","gloss":"society"},{"surface":"son","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"copula linking to todos","gloss":"are","note":"'Son' is third-person plural ('they are'), per the parse's own morphology field. Gloss 'is' contradicts that; English 'is' here is only because 'the society' is the English subject."},{"surface":"todos","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"predicate complement of son","gloss":"everyone"},{"surface":"siempre","lemma":"siempre","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies diré","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking restricciones","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"restricciones","lemma":"restricción","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"object of preposition con","gloss":"reservations"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of atañe","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"lo","morphology":"pronoun, neuter","role":"part of the compound relative lo que, object of por","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of atañe","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of atañe","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"atañe","lemma":"atañer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"relative clause on lo (que), object of por","gloss":"concerns","note":"'Por lo que me atañe' is idiomatic for 'as far as I'm concerned'."}]},{"number":29,"label":"15","id":"la-farsa-p15-s1","source":"Intervino el Mayor:","translation":"The Major spoke up:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p15-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Intervino","lemma":"intervenir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"spoke up"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Mayor","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Mayor","lemma":"Mayor","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of Intervino","gloss":"Major"}]},{"number":30,"label":"16","id":"la-farsa-p16-s1","source":"–Creo que la discusión no tiene objeto, porque según tengo entendido existirá un escalafón perfectamente establecido.","translation":"—I think the argument is pointless, because, as I understand it, there will be a perfectly fixed ladder of ranks.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p16-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"según tengo entendido","title":"«tener entendido»","body":"«Tener entendido (que)» means 'to understand / be given to understand (that)': «según tengo entendido» = 'as I understand it'. «Tener» plus a past participle expresses a state of knowledge the speaker holds."}],"words":[{"surface":"Creo","lemma":"creer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I think"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tiene","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of discusión","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"discusión","lemma":"discusión","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of tiene","gloss":"argument"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tiene","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"tiene","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of Creo","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"objeto","lemma":"objeto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of tiene","gloss":"point"},{"surface":"porque","lemma":"porque","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of existirá","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"según","lemma":"según","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tengo","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"tengo","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the idiom según tengo entendido","gloss":"I have","note":"'Tengo entendido' is idiomatic for 'I understand' / 'as I understand it'."},{"surface":"entendido","lemma":"entendido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"completes the idiom tengo entendido","gloss":"understood"},{"surface":"existirá","lemma":"existir","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of Creo, coordinated with tiene","gloss":"will exist"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of escalafón","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"escalafón","lemma":"escalafón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of existirá","gloss":"ladder"},{"surface":"perfectamente","lemma":"perfectamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies establecido","gloss":"perfectly"},{"surface":"establecido","lemma":"establecido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies escalafón","gloss":"fixed"}]},{"number":31,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p16-s2","source":"Cada ascenso pondrá al miembro de célula en contacto con un jefe nuevo.","translation":"Each promotion will put the cell member in contact with a new chief.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p16-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Cada","lemma":"cada","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of ascenso","gloss":"each"},{"surface":"ascenso","lemma":"ascenso","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of pondrá","gloss":"promotion"},{"surface":"pondrá","lemma":"poner","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"will put"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"a","morphology":"contraction of a + el (preposition + determiner, personal a)","role":"preposition and determiner marking miembro","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"miembro","lemma":"miembro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of pondrá","gloss":"member"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking célula","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"célula","lemma":"célula","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies miembro","gloss":"cell"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking contacto","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"contacto","lemma":"contacto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of pondrá","gloss":"contact"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking jefe","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of jefe","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"jefe","lemma":"jefe","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of preposition con","gloss":"chief"},{"surface":"nuevo","lemma":"nuevo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies jefe","gloss":"new"}]},{"number":32,"label":"17","id":"la-farsa-p17-s1","source":"Habrá tantos ascensos así como jefes de células.","translation":"There will be as many promotions as there are cell chiefs.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p17-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Habrá","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"there will be"},{"surface":"tantos","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of ascensos","gloss":"as many"},{"surface":"ascensos","lemma":"ascenso","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of Habrá","gloss":"promotions"},{"surface":"así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the correlative así como (as...as)","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the correlative así como","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"jefes","lemma":"jefe","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"compared with ascensos, object of the implied Habrá","gloss":"chiefs"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking células","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"células","lemma":"célula","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies jefes","gloss":"cells"}]},{"number":33,"label":"18","id":"la-farsa-p18-s1","source":"–¿A cuántas asciende por el momento las células?","translation":"—How many do the cells come to at the moment?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p18-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"A","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cuántas","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"cuántas","lemma":"cuántos","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"object of preposition A, complement of asciende","gloss":"how many"},{"surface":"asciende","lemma":"ascender","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"comes to"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking momento","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of momento","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"momento","lemma":"momento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of asciende","gloss":"moment"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of células","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"células","lemma":"célula","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of asciende","gloss":"cells"}]},{"number":34,"label":"19","id":"la-farsa-p19-s1","source":"–Son cuatro.","translation":"—There are four.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p19-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Son","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"copula linking to cuatro","gloss":"there are"},{"surface":"cuatro","lemma":"cuatro","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"predicate complement of Son","gloss":"four"}]},{"number":35,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p19-s2","source":"Yo estaré encargado de todo –continuó el Astrólogo–.","translation":"I will be in charge of everything —the Astrologer went on—.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p19-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of estaré","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"estaré","lemma":"estar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"copula linking to encargado","gloss":"will be"},{"surface":"encargado","lemma":"encargado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of estaré","gloss":"in charge"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking todo","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"todo","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"object of preposition de","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"continuó","lemma":"continuar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the reporting clause","gloss":"went on"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of continuó","gloss":"Astrologer"}]},{"number":36,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p19-s3","source":"Usted, Erdosain, Jefe de Industrias; el Buscador de Oro –un joven que estaba en el ángulo de la mesa, inclinó la cabeza–, tendrá a su cargo las Colonias y Minas; el Mayor ramificará nuestra sociedad en el ejército, y Haffner será el Jefe de los Prostíbulos.","translation":"You, Erdosain, Chief of Industries; the Gold Seeker —a young man at the corner of the table bowed his head— will have charge of the Colonies and Mines; the Major will branch our society into the army, and Haffner will be the Chief of the Brothels.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p19-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Usted","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular, formal","role":"subject of an elided copula (será), paired with Jefe de Industrias","gloss":"You"},{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"in apposition to Usted","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"Jefe","lemma":"jefe","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate nominal of Usted (elided ser)","gloss":"Chief"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Industrias","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Industrias","lemma":"industria","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"object of de, completing the title Jefe","gloss":"Industries"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Buscador","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Buscador","lemma":"Buscador","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of tendrá","gloss":"Seeker"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Oro","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Oro","lemma":"Oro","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name Buscador","gloss":"Gold"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of joven","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"joven","lemma":"joven","morphology":"noun, singular","role":"in apposition to Buscador","gloss":"young man"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of estaba","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"estaba","lemma":"estar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the relative clause modifying joven","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ángulo","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ángulo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ángulo","lemma":"ángulo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of estaba","gloss":"corner"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mesa","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mesa","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mesa","lemma":"mesa","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies ángulo","gloss":"table"},{"surface":"inclinó","lemma":"inclinar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the parenthetical clause (joven inclinó la cabeza)","gloss":"bowed"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cabeza","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cabeza","lemma":"cabeza","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of inclinó","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"tendrá","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the clause (subject: Buscador)","gloss":"will have"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cargo","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of cargo","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"cargo","lemma":"cargo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of a, completing the idiom a su cargo","gloss":"charge","note":"\"a su cargo\" is an idiom meaning \"in his charge/care\"."},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of Colonias","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Colonias","lemma":"colonia","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of tendrá","gloss":"Colonies"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Minas","lemma":"mina","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"coordinated with Colonias","gloss":"Mines"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Mayor","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Mayor","lemma":"Mayor","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of ramificará","gloss":"Major"},{"surface":"ramificará","lemma":"ramificar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the third clause, coordinated with tendrá","gloss":"will branch"},{"surface":"nuestra","lemma":"nuestro","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of sociedad","gloss":"our"},{"surface":"sociedad","lemma":"sociedad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of ramificará","gloss":"society"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ejército","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ejército","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ejército","lemma":"ejército","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of ramificará","gloss":"army"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Haffner","lemma":"Haffner","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of será","gloss":"Haffner"},{"surface":"será","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to Jefe","gloss":"will be"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Jefe","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Jefe","lemma":"jefe","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate nominal of Haffner (after será)","gloss":"Chief"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Prostíbulos","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of Prostíbulos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Prostíbulos","lemma":"prostíbulo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"object of de, completing the title Jefe","gloss":"Brothels"}]},{"number":37,"label":"20","id":"la-farsa-p20-s1","source":"Haffner se levantó exclamando:","translation":"Haffner stood up, exclaiming:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p20-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Haffner","lemma":"Haffner","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of levantó","gloss":"Haffner"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of levantó","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"levantó","lemma":"levantar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stood up"},{"surface":"exclamando","lemma":"exclamar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"complement of levantó","gloss":"exclaiming"}]},{"number":38,"label":"21","id":"la-farsa-p21-s1","source":"–Perdón, yo no seré jefe de nada.","translation":"—Excuse me, I will not be chief of anything.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p21-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Perdón","lemma":"perdón","morphology":"interjection","role":"discourse marker, unrelated to the main clause","gloss":"Excuse me"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of seré","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies seré","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"seré","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, future, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"copula linking to jefe","gloss":"will be"},{"surface":"jefe","lemma":"jefe","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate nominal of yo (after seré)","gloss":"chief"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nada","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"nada","lemma":"nada","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"object of de, modifying jefe","gloss":"anything"}]},{"number":39,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p21-s2","source":"Estoy aquí como podría estar en cualquier parte.","translation":"I'm here the way I could be anywhere else.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p21-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"podría estar","title":"The conditional","body":"«Podría» is the conditional of «poder»: 'I could / would be able to'. The conditional states a hypothetical situation: «como podría estar en cualquier parte» = 'as I could be anywhere'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Estoy","lemma":"estar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I am"},{"surface":"aquí","lemma":"aquí","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Estoy","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of estar","gloss":"the way"},{"surface":"podría","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, conditional, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of estar","gloss":"I could"},{"surface":"estar","lemma":"estar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of podría","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking parte","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"cualquier","lemma":"cualquiera","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of parte","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"parte","lemma":"parte","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of estar","gloss":"place"}]},{"number":40,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p21-s3","source":"Lo único que hago en obsequio de ustedes es darles un presupuesto y nada más.","translation":"The only thing I do as a favor to you is give you a budget, and nothing more.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p21-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Lo","lemma":"lo","morphology":"article, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of único, forming the nominalized phrase lo único","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"único","lemma":"único","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"head of the nominalized phrase, subject of es","gloss":"only thing"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"direct object of hago","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hago","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the relative clause modifying único","gloss":"I do"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking obsequio","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"obsequio","lemma":"obsequio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of hago","gloss":"favor","note":"\"en obsequio de\" is an idiom meaning \"as a favor to.\""},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ustedes","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ustedes","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, nominative/accusative, plural, formal","role":"object of de, part of the idiom en obsequio de","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"darles","lemma":"dar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"predicate complement of es (subject: lo único)","gloss":"give you"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of presupuesto","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"presupuesto","lemma":"presupuesto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of darles","gloss":"budget"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"nada","lemma":"nada","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"coordinated with presupuesto","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies nada","gloss":"more"}]},{"number":41,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p21-s4","source":"Si les molesto me puedo retirar.","translation":"If I'm bothering you, I can leave.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p21-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of molesto","gloss":"If"},{"surface":"les","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative/accusative, plural","role":"direct object of molesto","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"molesto","lemma":"molestar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"verb of the conditional clause (Si les molesto)","gloss":"I'm bothering"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of retirar","gloss":"myself"},{"surface":"puedo","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of retirar","gloss":"I can"},{"surface":"retirar","lemma":"retirar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"leave"}]},{"number":42,"label":"22","id":"la-farsa-p22-s1","source":"–No, quédese –rectificó el Astrólogo.","translation":"—No, stay —the Astrologer corrected.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p22-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"quédese","title":"Affirmative «usted» command","body":"«Quédese» is the formal «usted» imperative of the pronominal «quedarse» ('to stay'). In an affirmative command the pronoun attaches to the verb, adding a written accent: «quéde-se» = 'stay'."}],"words":[{"surface":"No","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies quédese","gloss":"No"},{"surface":"quédese","lemma":"quedar él","morphology":"verb, imperative, third-person, singular, formal","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stay"},{"surface":"rectificó","lemma":"rectificar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"reporting verb, parallel to quédese","gloss":"corrected"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of rectificó","gloss":"Astrologer"}]},{"number":43,"label":"23","id":"la-farsa-p23-s1","source":"El Rufián Melancólico volvió a sentarse y a trazar garabatos con un lápiz en el papel.","translation":"The Melancholy Ruffian sat down again and went back to scrawling doodles on the paper with a pencil.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p23-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Rufián","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"Rufián","lemma":"Rufián","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of volvió","gloss":"Ruffian"},{"surface":"Melancólico","lemma":"Melancólico","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name Rufián","gloss":"Melancholy"},{"surface":"volvió","lemma":"volver","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went back to"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of sentarse","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"sentarse","lemma":"sentar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of volvió","gloss":"sit down"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of trazar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"trazar","lemma":"trazar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"coordinated with sentarse","gloss":"scrawl"},{"surface":"garabatos","lemma":"garabato","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of trazar","gloss":"doodles"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lápiz","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of lápiz","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"lápiz","lemma":"lápiz","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of trazar","gloss":"pencil"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking papel","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of papel","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"papel","lemma":"papel","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of trazar","gloss":"paper"}]},{"number":44,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p23-s2","source":"Erdosain admiró su insolencia.","translation":"Erdosain admired his insolence.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p23-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of admiró","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"admiró","lemma":"admirar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"admired"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of insolencia","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"insolencia","lemma":"insolencia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of admiró","gloss":"insolence"}]},{"number":45,"label":"24","id":"la-farsa-p24-s1","source":"Pero fuera de toda duda allí el que centralizaba la atención y curiosidad de todos era el Mayor, con el prestigio de su uniforme y lo extraño de su sociedad.","translation":"But beyond all doubt the one who drew everyone's attention and curiosity there was the Major, with the prestige of his uniform and the strangeness of his society.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p24-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"lo extraño de","title":"Neuter «lo» + adjective","body":"«Lo» before an adjective forms an abstract noun: «lo extraño de su sociedad» = 'the strangeness of his society' (literally 'the strange of'). It names the quality the adjective expresses."}],"words":[{"surface":"Pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"But"},{"surface":"fuera","lemma":"fuera","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial phrase modifying the sentence (fuera de = beyond, idiom)","gloss":"beyond"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase fuera","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"toda","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of duda","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"duda","lemma":"duda","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of de, completing fuera de toda duda","gloss":"doubt"},{"surface":"allí","lemma":"allí","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies era","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"forms the phrase el que (the one who), subject of era","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of centralizaba","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"centralizaba","lemma":"centralizar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the relative clause modifying el que","gloss":"drew"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of atención","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"atención","lemma":"atención","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of centralizaba","gloss":"attention"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"curiosidad","lemma":"curiosidad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with atención","gloss":"curiosity"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking todos","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"todos","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies atención","gloss":"everyone"},{"surface":"era","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to Mayor","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Mayor","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Mayor","lemma":"Mayor","morphology":"proper noun","role":"predicate nominal of el que (after era)","gloss":"Major"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking prestigio","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of prestigio","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"prestigio","lemma":"prestigio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Mayor","gloss":"prestige"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking uniforme","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of uniforme","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"uniforme","lemma":"uniforme","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies prestigio","gloss":"uniform"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"lo","morphology":"article, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of extraño, forming the nominalized phrase lo extraño","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"extraño","lemma":"extraño","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with prestigio","gloss":"strangeness"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sociedad","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of sociedad","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"sociedad","lemma":"sociedad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies extraño","gloss":"society"}]},{"number":46,"label":"25","id":"la-farsa-p25-s1","source":"El Buscador de Oro se volvió hacia él:","translation":"The Gold Seeker turned toward him:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p25-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se volvió hacia","title":"«volverse» (to turn)","body":"Pronominal «volverse hacia» means 'to turn (oneself) toward'. Without the «se», «volver» means 'to return'; the reflexive pronoun shifts it to a bodily turning motion."}],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Buscador","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"Buscador","lemma":"Buscador","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of volvió","gloss":"Seeker"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Oro","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Oro","lemma":"Oro","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name Buscador","gloss":"Gold"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of volvió","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"volvió","lemma":"volver","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"turned"},{"surface":"hacia","lemma":"hacia","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking él","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of volvió","gloss":"him"}]},{"number":47,"label":"26","id":"la-farsa-p26-s1","source":"–¿Cómo es eso?","translation":"—How is that?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p26-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Cómo","lemma":"cómo","morphology":"adverb, interrogative","role":"modifies es","gloss":"How"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to eso","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"eso","lemma":"ese","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"that"}]},{"number":48,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p26-s2","source":"¿Usted tiene esperanza de filtrar nuestra sociedad en el ejército?","translation":"Do you have hope of slipping our society into the army?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p26-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Usted","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular, formal","role":"subject of tiene","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"tiene","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"esperanza","lemma":"esperanza","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of tiene","gloss":"hope"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of filtrar","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"filtrar","lemma":"filtrar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clause modifying esperanza","gloss":"slipping"},{"surface":"nuestra","lemma":"nuestro","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of sociedad","gloss":"our"},{"surface":"sociedad","lemma":"sociedad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of filtrar","gloss":"society"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ejército","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ejército","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ejército","lemma":"ejército","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of filtrar","gloss":"army"}]},{"number":49,"label":"27","id":"la-farsa-p27-s1","source":"Todos se habían incorporado en los sillones.","translation":"They had all sat up in their chairs.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p27-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"incorporarse","title":"«incorporarse»","body":"«Incorporarse» means 'to sit up' or 'to rise (from a reclining or seated position)'. It is the verb for raising one's body, distinct from «levantarse», 'to stand up' fully."}],"words":[{"surface":"Todos","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of incorporado","gloss":"everyone"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of incorporado","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"habían","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of incorporado","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"incorporado","lemma":"incorporar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sat up"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sillones","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of sillones","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sillones","lemma":"sillón","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of incorporado","gloss":"chairs"}]},{"number":50,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p27-s2","source":"Era aquello la sorpresa de la reunión, el golpe de efecto preparado en silencio.","translation":"That was the surprise of the meeting, the coup de théâtre prepared in silence.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p27-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Era","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to aquello","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"aquello","lemma":"aquel","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of Era","gloss":"That"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of sorpresa","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sorpresa","lemma":"sorpresa","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"predicate nominal after Era (aquello era la sorpresa)","gloss":"surprise"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking reunión","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of reunión","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"reunión","lemma":"reunión","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies sorpresa","gloss":"meeting"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of golpe","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"golpe","lemma":"golpe","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition to sorpresa","gloss":"coup"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking efecto","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"efecto","lemma":"efecto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies golpe","gloss":"effect"},{"surface":"preparado","lemma":"preparado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies golpe","gloss":"prepared"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking silencio","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"silencio","lemma":"silencio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of preparado","gloss":"silence"}]},{"number":51,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p27-s3","source":"Indudablemente, el Astrólogo tenía toda la pasta de un jefe.","translation":"Undoubtedly, the Astrologer had all the makings of a leader.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p27-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"tener la pasta de","title":"«tener la pasta de»","body":"«Tener la pasta de» is an idiom: 'to have the makings of', 'to be cut out for'. «Pasta» here is figurative 'stuff / material', as in 'the stuff a leader is made of'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Indudablemente","lemma":"indudablemente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tenía","gloss":"Undoubtedly"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of tenía","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"tenía","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"toda","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of pasta","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of pasta","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"pasta","lemma":"pasta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of tenía","gloss":"makings","note":"\"tener pasta de\" is an idiom meaning \"to have the makings of.\""},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking jefe","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of jefe","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"jefe","lemma":"jefe","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies pasta","gloss":"leader"}]},{"number":52,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p27-s4","source":"Lo lamentable era que siempre guardara el secreto de sus procedimientos.","translation":"The regrettable thing was that he always kept the secret of his methods.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p27-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"era que… guardara","title":"Subjunctive after an evaluation","body":"When the main clause judges a fact («lo lamentable era que…», 'the regrettable thing was that…'), the subordinate verb goes subjunctive. With the past «era», it takes the imperfect subjunctive «guardara»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Lo","lemma":"lo","morphology":"article, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of lamentable, forming the nominalized phrase lo lamentable","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"lamentable","lemma":"lamentable","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"subject of era","gloss":"regrettable thing"},{"surface":"era","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of guardara","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"siempre","lemma":"siempre","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies guardara","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"guardara","lemma":"guardar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of era","gloss":"he kept"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of secreto","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"secreto","lemma":"secreto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of guardara","gloss":"secret"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking procedimientos","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of procedimientos","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"procedimientos","lemma":"procedimiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies secreto","gloss":"methods"}]},{"number":53,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p27-s5","source":"Pero Erdosain sentíase orgulloso de compartir una complicidad con él.","translation":"But Erdosain felt proud to share a complicity with him.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p27-s5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"sentíase","title":"Enclitic pronoun «sentíase»","body":"In literary style the reflexive pronoun can attach to a finite verb: «sentíase» = «se sentía» ('he felt'). Arlt uses this older enclitic placement; in everyday Spanish the pronoun comes before the verb."}],"words":[{"surface":"Pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"But"},{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of sentíase","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"sentíase","lemma":"sentir él","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular, reflexive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"felt","note":"Archaic enclitic word order (sentíase = se sentía), common in early-20th-century literary Spanish."},{"surface":"orgulloso","lemma":"orgulloso","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate adjective complement of sentíase","gloss":"proud"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of compartir","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"compartir","lemma":"compartir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clause modifying orgulloso","gloss":"share"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of complicidad","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"complicidad","lemma":"complicidad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of compartir","gloss":"complicity"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking él","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"modifies complicidad","gloss":"him"}]},{"number":54,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p27-s6","source":"Ahora todos se habían incorporado en sus asientos para escuchar al Mayor.","translation":"Now they had all sat up in their seats to listen to the Major.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p27-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ahora","lemma":"ahora","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies incorporado","gloss":"Now"},{"surface":"todos","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of incorporado","gloss":"everyone"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of incorporado","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"habían","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of incorporado","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"incorporado","lemma":"incorporar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sat up"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking asientos","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of asientos","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"asientos","lemma":"asiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of incorporado","gloss":"seats"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of escuchar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"escuchar","lemma":"escuchar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on incorporado","gloss":"listen"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Mayor","gloss":"to the"},{"surface":"Mayor","lemma":"Mayor","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of escuchar","gloss":"Major"}]},{"number":55,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p27-s7","source":"Este observó al Astrólogo, y luego dijo:","translation":"He looked at the Astrologer, and then said:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p27-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Este","lemma":"este","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of observó","gloss":"He"},{"surface":"observó","lemma":"observar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"looked at"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Astrólogo","gloss":"at the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of observó","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"luego","lemma":"luego","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dijo","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"dijo","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with observó","gloss":"said"}]},{"number":56,"label":"28","id":"la-farsa-p28-s1","source":"–Señores, yo les hablaré con palabras bien pesadas.","translation":"—Gentlemen, I will speak to you with carefully weighed words.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p28-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Señores","lemma":"señor","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"vocative address, unrelated to the main clause","gloss":"Gentlemen"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of hablaré","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"les","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, plural","role":"indirect object of hablaré","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"hablaré","lemma":"hablar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"will speak"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking palabras","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"palabras","lemma":"palabra","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of hablaré","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"bien","lemma":"bien","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies pesadas","gloss":"carefully"},{"surface":"pesadas","lemma":"pesado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies palabras","gloss":"weighed"}]},{"number":57,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p28-s2","source":"Si no, no estaría aquí.","translation":"If not, I would not be here.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p28-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the phrase si no","gloss":"If"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase si no (if not)","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies estaría","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"estaría","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, conditional, first-person, singular","role":"copula linking to aquí","gloss":"I would be"},{"surface":"aquí","lemma":"aquí","morphology":"adverb","role":"predicate of estaría","gloss":"here"}]},{"number":58,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p28-s3","source":"Ocurre lo siguiente:","translation":"Here is what is happening:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p28-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ocurre","lemma":"ocurrir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"happens"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"lo","morphology":"article, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of siguiente, forming the nominalized phrase lo siguiente","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"siguiente","lemma":"siguiente","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"subject of Ocurre","gloss":"following"}]},{"number":59,"label":"29","id":"la-farsa-p29-s1","source":"Nuestro ejército está minado de oficiales descontentos.","translation":"Our army is riddled with discontented officers.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p29-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nuestro","lemma":"nuestro","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ejército","gloss":"Our"},{"surface":"ejército","lemma":"ejército","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of minado","gloss":"army"},{"surface":"está","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to minado","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"minado","lemma":"minado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"riddled","note":"\"minado de\" is an idiom meaning \"riddled with.\""},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking oficiales","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"oficiales","lemma":"oficial","morphology":"noun, plural","role":"object of de, completing minado de","gloss":"officers"},{"surface":"descontentos","lemma":"descontento","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies oficiales","gloss":"discontented"}]},{"number":60,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p29-s2","source":"No vale la pena de enumerar los motivos, ni a ustedes les interesarán.","translation":"It's not worth listing the reasons, nor will they interest you.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p29-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"no vale la pena","title":"«valer la pena»","body":"«Valer la pena» means 'to be worth (the trouble)': «no vale la pena enumerar» = 'it's not worth listing'. The expression is impersonal and is usually followed by an infinitive."}],"words":[{"surface":"No","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vale","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"vale","lemma":"valer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is worth"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of pena","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"pena","lemma":"pena","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of vale","gloss":"trouble","note":"\"vale la pena\" is an idiom meaning \"is worth it/worthwhile.\""},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of enumerar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"enumerar","lemma":"enumerar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clause modifying pena","gloss":"list"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of motivos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"motivos","lemma":"motivo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of enumerar","gloss":"reasons"},{"surface":"ni","lemma":"ni","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ustedes (dative doubling with les)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ustedes","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, nominative/accusative, plural, formal","role":"part of the phrase a, doubling les","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"les","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, plural","role":"indirect object of interesarán","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"interesarán","lemma":"interesar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with vale","gloss":"will interest"}]},{"number":61,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p29-s3","source":"Las ideas de «dictadura» y los acontecimientos políticos militares de estos últimos tiempos, me refiero a España y a Chile, han hecho pensar en muchos de mis camaradas que nuestro país podría ser también terreno próspero para una dictadura.","translation":"The ideas of \"dictatorship\" and the political-military events of these recent times — I mean Spain and Chile — have made many of my comrades think that our country could also be fertile ground for a dictatorship.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p29-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"han hecho pensar","title":"Causative «hacer» + infinitive","body":"«Hacer» plus an infinitive expresses causing an action: «han hecho pensar» = 'have made (people) think'. The thing made to happen stays in the infinitive."}],"words":[{"surface":"Las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of ideas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ideas","lemma":"idea","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of hecho","gloss":"ideas"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dictadura","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"dictadura","lemma":"dictadura","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies ideas","gloss":"dictatorship"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of acontecimientos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"acontecimientos","lemma":"acontecimiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with ideas","gloss":"events"},{"surface":"políticos","lemma":"político","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies acontecimientos","gloss":"political"},{"surface":"militares","lemma":"militar","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies acontecimientos","gloss":"military"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tiempos","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"estos","lemma":"este","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of tiempos","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"últimos","lemma":"último","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies tiempos","gloss":"recent"},{"surface":"tiempos","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies acontecimientos","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of refiero","gloss":"myself"},{"surface":"refiero","lemma":"referir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the parenthetical clause","gloss":"I mean","note":"Idiom: “me refiero a” = “I mean” (lit. “I refer myself to”)."},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking España","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"España","lemma":"España","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of refiero","gloss":"Spain"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Chile","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Chile","lemma":"Chile","morphology":"proper noun","role":"coordinated with España","gloss":"Chile"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of hecho","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"hecho","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"pensar","lemma":"pensar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of hecho","gloss":"think"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking muchos","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"muchos","lemma":"mucho","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of pensar","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking camaradas","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"mis","lemma":"mi","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of camaradas","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"camaradas","lemma":"camarada","morphology":"noun, plural","role":"modifies muchos","gloss":"comrades"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ser","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"nuestro","lemma":"nuestro","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of país","gloss":"our"},{"surface":"país","lemma":"país","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of ser","gloss":"country"},{"surface":"podría","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, conditional, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of ser","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"ser","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, infinitive","role":"copula linking to terreno","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"también","lemma":"también","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies terreno","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"terreno","lemma":"terreno","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of ser","gloss":"ground"},{"surface":"próspero","lemma":"próspero","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies terreno","gloss":"fertile"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dictadura","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of dictadura","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"dictadura","lemma":"dictadura","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of terreno","gloss":"dictatorship"}]},{"number":62,"label":"30","id":"la-farsa-p30-s1","source":"El asombro más extraordinario abría las bocas de todos.","translation":"The most extraordinary astonishment was opening everyone's mouths.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p30-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of asombro","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"asombro","lemma":"asombro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of abría","gloss":"astonishment"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies extraordinario","gloss":"most"},{"surface":"extraordinario","lemma":"extraordinario","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies asombro","gloss":"extraordinary"},{"surface":"abría","lemma":"abrir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was opening"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of bocas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"bocas","lemma":"boca","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of abría","gloss":"mouths"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking todos","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"todos","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies bocas","gloss":"everyone"}]},{"number":63,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p30-s2","source":"Aquello era lo inesperado.","translation":"That was the unexpected thing.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p30-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Aquello","lemma":"aquel","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of era","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"era","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to inesperado","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"el","morphology":"article, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of inesperado","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"inesperado","lemma":"inesperado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of era","gloss":"unexpected thing"}]},{"number":64,"label":"31","id":"la-farsa-p31-s1","source":"El Buscador de Oro replicó:","translation":"The Gold Seeker replied:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p31-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Buscador","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Buscador","lemma":"Buscador","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of replicó","gloss":"Seeker"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Oro","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Oro","lemma":"Oro","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name Buscador","gloss":"Gold"},{"surface":"replicó","lemma":"replicar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"replied"}]},{"number":65,"label":"32","id":"la-farsa-p32-s1","source":"–¿Pero usted cree que el ejército argentino... digo... los oficiales, aceptarán nuestras ideas?","translation":"—But do you believe that the Argentine army… I mean… the officers, will accept our ideas?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p32-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies cree","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"usted","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, singular","role":"subject of cree","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"cree","lemma":"creer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"believe"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of aceptarán","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ejército","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ejército","lemma":"ejército","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"false start, corrected by oficiales","gloss":"army"},{"surface":"argentino","lemma":"argentino","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies ejército","gloss":"Argentine"},{"surface":"digo","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"parenthetical (self-correction)","gloss":"I mean","note":"Arlt often uses a dropped-in “digo” (“I mean”) to correct himself mid-sentence."},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of oficiales","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"oficiales","lemma":"oficial","morphology":"noun, plural","role":"subject of aceptarán","gloss":"officers"},{"surface":"aceptarán","lemma":"aceptar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the clause introduced by que","gloss":"will accept"},{"surface":"nuestras","lemma":"nuestro","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of ideas","gloss":"our"},{"surface":"ideas","lemma":"idea","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of aceptarán","gloss":"ideas"}]},{"number":66,"label":"33","id":"la-farsa-p33-s1","source":"–Claro que las aceptarán..., siempre que ustedes sepan ordenarlas.","translation":"—Of course they'll accept them…, provided you know how to set them in order.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p33-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"siempre que… sepan","title":"Subjunctive after «siempre que»","body":"«Siempre que» meaning 'provided that' introduces a condition and takes the subjunctive: «siempre que ustedes sepan» = 'provided you know'. The present subjunctive «sepan» marks the condition as not yet met."}],"words":[{"surface":"Claro","lemma":"claro","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies aceptarán","gloss":"of course"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of aceptarán","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of aceptarán","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"aceptarán","lemma":"aceptar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"they'll accept"},{"surface":"siempre","lemma":"siempre","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of sepan","gloss":"provided"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase siempre","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ustedes","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, plural","role":"subject of sepan","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"sepan","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, plural","role":"adverbial clause on aceptarán","gloss":"know how to"},{"surface":"ordenarlas","lemma":"ordenar","morphology":"verb, infinitive, with enclitic accusative pronoun las ('them')","role":"complement of sepan","gloss":"order them"}]},{"number":67,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p33-s2","source":"Desde ya puedo anticiparles que son más numerosos de lo que ustedes creen los oficiales desengañados de las teorías democráticas, incluso el parlamento.","translation":"I can tell you right now that the officers disenchanted with democratic theories, parliament included, are more numerous than you think.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p33-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"desde ya","title":"«desde ya»","body":"«Desde ya» is a River Plate phrase meaning 'right now', 'from this moment', 'already': «desde ya puedo anticiparles» = 'I can tell you right now'. Common in Argentine speech and correspondence."}],"words":[{"surface":"Desde","lemma":"desde","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies puedo","gloss":"from","note":"Fixed Rioplatense idiom: “desde ya” = “right now / of course” (lit. “from already”)."},{"surface":"ya","lemma":"ya","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase Desde","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"puedo","lemma":"poder","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I can"},{"surface":"anticiparles","lemma":"anticipar","morphology":"verb, infinitive, with enclitic dative pronoun les ('to you')","role":"complement of puedo","gloss":"to tell you"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of son","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"son","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"copula linking to numerosos","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies numerosos","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"numerosos","lemma":"numeroso","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"predicate complement of son","gloss":"numerous"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition forming the comparative de lo que (= than)","gloss":"than","note":"‘De lo que’ is the fixed comparative form used before a clause, equivalent to English ‘than.’"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"el","morphology":"article, neuter, singular","role":"part of the phrase de lo que","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"part of the phrase de lo que, introduces the clause of creen","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"ustedes","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, plural","role":"subject of creen","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"creen","lemma":"creer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"adverbial clause on numerosos","gloss":"think"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of oficiales","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"oficiales","lemma":"oficial","morphology":"noun, plural","role":"subject of son","gloss":"officers"},{"surface":"desengañados","lemma":"desengañado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies oficiales","gloss":"disenchanted"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking teorías","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of teorías","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"teorías","lemma":"teoría","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of desengañados","gloss":"theories"},{"surface":"democráticas","lemma":"democrático","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies teorías","gloss":"democratic"},{"surface":"incluso","lemma":"incluso","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies parlamento","gloss":"including"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of parlamento","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"parlamento","lemma":"parlamento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition to oficiales","gloss":"parliament"}]},{"number":68,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p33-s3","source":"No me interrumpa, señor.","translation":"Don't interrupt me, sir.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p33-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"No me interrumpa","title":"Negative «usted» command","body":"In a negative formal command the pronoun comes before the verb and the verb is subjunctive: «no me interrumpa» = 'don't interrupt me'. Contrast the affirmative, where the pronoun attaches: «interrúmpame»."}],"words":[{"surface":"No","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies interrumpa","gloss":"don't"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of interrumpa","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"interrumpa","lemma":"interrumpir","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"interrupt"},{"surface":"señor","lemma":"señor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"vocative address","gloss":"sir"}]},{"number":69,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p33-s4","source":"El noventa por ciento de los diputados de nuestro país son inferiores en cultura a un teniente primero de nuestro ejército.","translation":"Ninety percent of our country's deputies are inferior in education to a first lieutenant in our army.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p33-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of noventa","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"noventa","lemma":"noventa","morphology":"numeral","role":"subject of son","gloss":"ninety"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ciento","gloss":"per"},{"surface":"ciento","lemma":"ciento","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with noventa","gloss":"cent"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking diputados","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of diputados","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"diputados","lemma":"diputado","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies noventa","gloss":"deputies"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking país","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"nuestro","lemma":"nuestro","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of país","gloss":"our"},{"surface":"país","lemma":"país","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies diputados","gloss":"country"},{"surface":"son","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"copula linking to inferiores","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"inferiores","lemma":"inferior","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"predicate complement of son","gloss":"inferior"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cultura","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"cultura","lemma":"cultura","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies inferiores","gloss":"education"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking teniente","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of teniente","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"teniente","lemma":"teniente","morphology":"noun, singular","role":"oblique complement of inferiores","gloss":"lieutenant"},{"surface":"primero","lemma":"primero","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies teniente","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ejército","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"nuestro","lemma":"nuestro","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ejército","gloss":"our"},{"surface":"ejército","lemma":"ejército","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies teniente","gloss":"army"}]},{"number":70,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p33-s5","source":"Un político que ha sido acusado de haber intervenido en el asesinato de un gobernador ha dicho con mucho acierto: «Para gobernar un pueblo no se necesitan más aptitudes que las de un capataz de estancia».","translation":"A politician accused of having taken part in the murder of a governor put it very aptly: \"To govern a people you need no more skills than those of a ranch foreman\".","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p33-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of político","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"político","lemma":"político","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of dicho","gloss":"politician"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of acusado","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of acusado","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"sido","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"auxiliary of acusado","gloss":"been"},{"surface":"acusado","lemma":"acusar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"clause modifying político","gloss":"accused"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of intervenido","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"haber","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of intervenido","gloss":"having"},{"surface":"intervenido","lemma":"intervenir","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"clausal complement of acusado","gloss":"taken part"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking asesinato","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of asesinato","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"asesinato","lemma":"asesinato","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of intervenido","gloss":"murder"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gobernador","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of gobernador","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gobernador","lemma":"gobernador","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies asesinato","gloss":"governor"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of dicho","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"dicho","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking acierto","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"mucho","lemma":"mucho","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of acierto","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"acierto","lemma":"acierto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of dicho","gloss":"aptness"},{"surface":"Para","lemma":"Para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of gobernar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"gobernar","lemma":"gobernar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on necesitan","gloss":"govern"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of pueblo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"pueblo","lemma":"pueblo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of gobernar","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies necesitan","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, reflexive (impersonal passive)","role":"impersonal/passive particle of necesitan","gloss":"(impersonal)"},{"surface":"necesitan","lemma":"necesitar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the quotation","gloss":"are needed"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies aptitudes","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"aptitudes","lemma":"aptitud","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of necesitan","gloss":"skills"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of las","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"pronoun, feminine, plural","role":"pronoun referring to aptitudes","gloss":"those"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking capataz","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of capataz","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"capataz","lemma":"capataz","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies las","gloss":"foreman"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking estancia","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"estancia","lemma":"estancia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies capataz","gloss":"ranch","note":"“Estancia” has its distinctly Argentine sense here: a large cattle ranch."}]},{"number":71,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p33-s6","source":"Y ese hombre ha dicho la verdad refiriéndose a nuestra América.","translation":"And that man spoke the truth in regard to our America.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p33-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies dicho","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ese","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hombre","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of dicho","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of dicho","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"dicho","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"spoken"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of verdad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"verdad","lemma":"verdad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of dicho","gloss":"truth"},{"surface":"refiriéndose","lemma":"referirse","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on dicho","gloss":"referring"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking América","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"nuestra","lemma":"nuestro","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of América","gloss":"our"},{"surface":"América","lemma":"América","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of refiriéndose","gloss":"America"}]},{"number":72,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p33-s7","source":"El Astrólogo se restregaba las manos con evidente satisfacción.","translation":"The Astrologer was rubbing his hands with evident satisfaction.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p33-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of restregaba","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular, reflexive","role":"dative of possession for restregaba","gloss":"his own"},{"surface":"restregaba","lemma":"restregar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was rubbing"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of manos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"manos","lemma":"mano","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of restregaba","gloss":"hands"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking satisfacción","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"evidente","lemma":"evidente","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies satisfacción","gloss":"evident"},{"surface":"satisfacción","lemma":"satisfacción","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of restregaba","gloss":"satisfaction"}]},{"number":73,"label":"34","id":"la-farsa-p34-s1","source":"El Mayor continuó, fijas las miradas de todos en él:","translation":"The Major went on, with everyone's eyes fixed on him:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p34-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Mayor","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Mayor","lemma":"Mayor","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of continuó","gloss":"Major"},{"surface":"continuó","lemma":"continuar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went on"},{"surface":"fijas","lemma":"fijo","morphology":"adjective (past participle), feminine, plural","role":"head of the absolute clause (modifies miradas)","gloss":"fixed","note":"“Fijas las miradas... en él” is an absolute participial construction: “with [everyone's] eyes fixed on him.”"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of miradas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"miradas","lemma":"mirada","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of the absolute clause","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking todos","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"todos","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies miradas","gloss":"everyone"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking él","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of fijas","gloss":"him"}]},{"number":74,"label":"35","id":"la-farsa-p35-s1","source":"–El ejército es un estado superior dentro de una sociedad inferior, ya que nosotros somos la fuerza específica del país.","translation":"—The army is a higher state within a lower society, since we are the country's defining force.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p35-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ya que","title":"«ya que»","body":"«Ya que» means 'since / given that', introducing a reason already known to both speakers: «ya que nosotros somos la fuerza» = 'since we are the force'. It is causal, close to «porque» but with a 'as you know' flavor."}],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ejército","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ejército","lemma":"ejército","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"army"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to estado","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of estado","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"estado","lemma":"estado","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of es","gloss":"state"},{"surface":"superior","lemma":"superior","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies estado","gloss":"higher"},{"surface":"dentro","lemma":"dentro","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies estado","gloss":"within"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sociedad","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of sociedad","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"sociedad","lemma":"sociedad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of dentro","gloss":"society"},{"surface":"inferior","lemma":"inferior","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies sociedad","gloss":"lower"},{"surface":"ya","lemma":"ya","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of fuerza","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase ya","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"nosotros","lemma":"nosotros","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, plural","role":"subject of somos","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"somos","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"copula linking to fuerza","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of fuerza","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"fuerza","lemma":"fuerza","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"predicate complement of somos","gloss":"force"},{"surface":"específica","lemma":"específico","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies fuerza","gloss":"defining"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking país","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"país","lemma":"país","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies fuerza","gloss":"country"}]},{"number":75,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p35-s2","source":"Y sin embargo, estamos sometidos a las resoluciones del gobierno... ¿y el gobierno quién lo constituye?... el poder legislativo y el ejecutivo... es decir, hombres elegidos por partidos políticos informes... ¡y qué representantes, señores!","translation":"And yet we are subject to the government's decisions… and who makes up the government?… the legislative and executive powers… that is, men chosen by shapeless political parties… and what representatives they are, gentlemen!","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p35-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies sometidos","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies sometidos","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"embargo","lemma":"embargo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"part of the phrase sin","gloss":"still","note":"Fixed phrase ‘sin embargo’ = ‘however, nevertheless’ — not literally ‘without embargo.’"},{"surface":"estamos","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"copula linking to sometidos","gloss":"we are"},{"surface":"sometidos","lemma":"sometido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"predicate complement of estamos","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking resoluciones","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of resoluciones","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"resoluciones","lemma":"resolución","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of sometidos","gloss":"decisions"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gobierno","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"gobierno","lemma":"gobierno","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies resoluciones","gloss":"government"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of gobierno","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"gobierno","lemma":"gobierno","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"topicalized direct object of constituye, resumed by lo","gloss":"government"},{"surface":"quién","lemma":"quién","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of constituye","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of constituye","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"constituye","lemma":"constituir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the question","gloss":"make up"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of poder","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"poder","lemma":"poder","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the elliptical answer to quién (no verb)","gloss":"power"},{"surface":"legislativo","lemma":"legislativo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies poder","gloss":"legislative"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ejecutivo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ejecutivo","lemma":"ejecutivo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with poder","gloss":"executive"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"part of the fixed phrase 'es decir'","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"decir","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"part of the fixed phrase 'es decir'","gloss":"say","note":"‘Es decir’ is a fixed phrase meaning ‘that is / in other words.’"},{"surface":"hombres","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"elegidos","lemma":"elegido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies hombres","gloss":"chosen"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking partidos","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"partidos","lemma":"partido","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of elegidos","gloss":"parties"},{"surface":"políticos","lemma":"político","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies partidos","gloss":"political"},{"surface":"informes","lemma":"informe","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies partidos","gloss":"shapeless","note":"“Informes” here is the adjective “informe” (shapeless/formless), not the common noun “informes” (reports)."},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of representantes","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"representantes","lemma":"representante","morphology":"noun, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"representatives"},{"surface":"señores","lemma":"señor","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"vocative address","gloss":"gentlemen"}]},{"number":76,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p35-s3","source":"Ustedes saben mejor que yo que para ser diputado hay que haber tenido una carrera de mentiras, comenzado como vago de comité, transando y haciendo vida común con perdularios de todas las calañas, en fin, una vida al margen del código y de la verdad.","translation":"You know better than I do that to become a deputy one must have had a career of lies, started out as a party-committee loafer, cutting deals and keeping company with scoundrels of every stripe — in short, a life on the margins of the law and of truth.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p35-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"hay que haber tenido","title":"«hay que» (impersonal obligation)","body":"«Hay que» plus an infinitive states an impersonal obligation: 'one must', 'you have to'. With a perfect infinitive, «hay que haber tenido» = 'one must have had'. No subject is named — the duty applies to anyone."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ustedes","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, plural","role":"subject of saben","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"saben","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"mejor","lemma":"mejor","morphology":"adjective, singular, comparative","role":"modifies saben","gloss":"better"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"comparative particle with mejor","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"object of the comparison with mejor","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hay","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of diputado","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ser","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, infinitive","role":"copula linking to diputado","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"diputado","lemma":"diputado","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of ser","gloss":"deputy"},{"surface":"hay","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of saben","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase hay que","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"haber","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of tenido","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"tenido","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"complement of hay que","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of carrera","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"carrera","lemma":"carrera","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of tenido","gloss":"career"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mentiras","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"mentiras","lemma":"mentira","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies carrera","gloss":"lies"},{"surface":"comenzado","lemma":"comenzar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with tenido","gloss":"started out"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vago","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"vago","lemma":"vago","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of comenzado","gloss":"loafer"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking comité","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"comité","lemma":"comité","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of comenzado","gloss":"committee"},{"surface":"transando","lemma":"transar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on comenzado","gloss":"wheeling and dealing"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"haciendo","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"coordinated with transando","gloss":"making"},{"surface":"vida","lemma":"vida","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of haciendo","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"común","lemma":"común","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies vida","gloss":"common"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking perdularios","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"perdularios","lemma":"perdulario","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of haciendo","gloss":"scoundrels"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking calañas","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"todas","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of las","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of calañas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"calañas","lemma":"calaña","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies perdularios","gloss":"stripe"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the fixed phrase en fin (discourse marker)","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"fin","lemma":"fin","morphology":"noun","role":"part of the phrase en","gloss":"short","note":"‘En fin’ is a fixed idiom meaning ‘in short / anyway.’"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of vida","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"vida","lemma":"vida","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"in apposition to carrera (object of tenido)","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies vida (al margen de = on the margins of)","gloss":"on the"},{"surface":"margen","lemma":"margen","morphology":"noun","role":"part of the phrase al","gloss":"margins"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking código","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"código","lemma":"código","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of margen","gloss":"law"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking verdad","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of verdad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"verdad","lemma":"verdad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with código","gloss":"truth"}]},{"number":77,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p35-s4","source":"No sé si esto ocurre en países más civilizados que los nuestros, pero aquí es así.","translation":"I don't know whether this happens in countries more civilized than ours, but here it is so.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p35-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"No","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sé","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"sé","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I know"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ocurre","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"esto","lemma":"este","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of ocurre","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"ocurre","lemma":"ocurrir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of sé","gloss":"happens"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking países","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"países","lemma":"país","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of ocurre","gloss":"countries"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies civilizados","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"civilizados","lemma":"civilizado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies países","gloss":"civilized"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"comparative particle introducing 'than ours'","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"forms the phrase 'los nuestros' (=ours) with nuestros","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"nuestros","lemma":"nuestro","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"compound with los, meaning 'ours'","gloss":"ours"},{"surface":"pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"aquí","lemma":"aquí","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies es","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking aquí to así","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb","role":"predicate complement of es","gloss":"so"}]},{"number":78,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p35-s5","source":"En nuestra cámara de diputados y de senadores, hay sujetos acusados de usura y homicidio, bandidos vendidos a empresas extranjeras, individuos de una ignorancia tan crasa, que el parlamentarismo resulta aquí la comedia más grotesca que haya podido envilecer a un país.","translation":"In our chamber of deputies and senators there are men accused of usury and homicide, bandits sold to foreign companies, individuals of such gross ignorance that parliamentarism here turns out to be the most grotesque farce that could ever have debased a country.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p35-s5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"que haya podido envilecer","title":"Subjunctive in a superlative clause","body":"After a superlative («la comedia más grotesca que…», 'the most grotesque farce that…'), the relative clause goes subjunctive: «que haya podido envilecer» = 'that could ever have debased'. The subjunctive marks it as the extreme limit of what one can imagine."}],"words":[{"surface":"En","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cámara","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"nuestra","lemma":"nuestro","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cámara","gloss":"our"},{"surface":"cámara","lemma":"cámara","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of hay","gloss":"chamber"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking diputados","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"diputados","lemma":"diputado","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies cámara","gloss":"deputies"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking senadores","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"senadores","lemma":"senador","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with diputados","gloss":"senators"},{"surface":"hay","lemma":"haber","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"there are"},{"surface":"sujetos","lemma":"sujeto","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of hay","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"acusados","lemma":"acusado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies sujetos","gloss":"accused"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking usura","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"usura","lemma":"usura","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"complement of acusados","gloss":"usury"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"homicidio","lemma":"homicidio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with usura","gloss":"homicide"},{"surface":"bandidos","lemma":"bandido","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with sujetos","gloss":"bandits"},{"surface":"vendidos","lemma":"vendido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies bandidos","gloss":"sold"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking empresas","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"empresas","lemma":"empresa","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of vendidos","gloss":"companies"},{"surface":"extranjeras","lemma":"extranjero","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies empresas","gloss":"foreign"},{"surface":"individuos","lemma":"individuo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with sujetos","gloss":"individuals"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ignorancia","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of ignorancia","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ignorancia","lemma":"ignorancia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies individuos","gloss":"ignorance"},{"surface":"tan","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies crasa","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"crasa","lemma":"craso","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies ignorancia","gloss":"gross"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the result clause (tan...que) modifying crasa","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of parlamentarismo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"parlamentarismo","lemma":"parlamentarismo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of resulta","gloss":"parliamentarism"},{"surface":"resulta","lemma":"resultar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"verb of the result clause (tan...que), modifying crasa","gloss":"turns out"},{"surface":"aquí","lemma":"aquí","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies resulta","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of comedia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"comedia","lemma":"comedia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"predicate complement of resulta","gloss":"farce"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies grotesca","gloss":"most"},{"surface":"grotesca","lemma":"grotesco","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies comedia","gloss":"grotesque"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of envilecer","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"haya","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of podido","gloss":"might have"},{"surface":"podido","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"auxiliary of envilecer","gloss":"been able"},{"surface":"envilecer","lemma":"envilecer","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"relative clause modifying comedia","gloss":"debase"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"marks the direct object país (personal 'a')","gloss":"(marks object)","note":"Personal 'a' marking the direct object 'país' (the country is treated almost as a person here); it has no separate English translation."},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of país","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"país","lemma":"país","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of envilecer","gloss":"country"}]},{"number":79,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p35-s6","source":"Las elecciones presidenciales se hacen con capitales norteamericanos, previa promesa de otorgar concesiones a una empresa interesada en explotar nuestras riquezas nacionales.","translation":"Presidential elections are run on North American capital, in exchange for the prior promise of granting concessions to a company keen to exploit our national wealth.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p35-s6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se hacen","title":"Passive «se»","body":"«Se hacen» is a passive-«se» construction: «las elecciones se hacen» = 'elections are run / are held'. The «se» agrees with the plural subject and leaves the agent unexpressed, as English passives often do."}],"words":[{"surface":"Las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of elecciones","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"elecciones","lemma":"elección","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of hacen","gloss":"elections"},{"surface":"presidenciales","lemma":"presidencial","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies elecciones","gloss":"presidential"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of hacen (passive)","gloss":"(passive)","note":"Passive/impersonal 'se': 'se hacen' = 'are held/conducted' (run by an unspecified agent)."},{"surface":"hacen","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"are run"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking capitales","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"capitales","lemma":"capital","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of hacen","gloss":"capital"},{"surface":"norteamericanos","lemma":"norteamericano","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies capitales","gloss":"North American"},{"surface":"previa","lemma":"previo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies promesa","gloss":"prior"},{"surface":"promesa","lemma":"promesa","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"adverbial phrase modifying hacen ('previa promesa de' = subject to the prior promise of)","gloss":"promise"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of otorgar","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"otorgar","lemma":"otorgar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clause modifying promesa","gloss":"granting"},{"surface":"concesiones","lemma":"concesión","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of otorgar","gloss":"concessions"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking empresa","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of empresa","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"empresa","lemma":"empresa","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of otorgar","gloss":"company"},{"surface":"interesada","lemma":"interesado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies empresa","gloss":"keen"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of explotar","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"explotar","lemma":"explotar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of interesada","gloss":"exploiting"},{"surface":"nuestras","lemma":"nuestro","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of riquezas","gloss":"our"},{"surface":"riquezas","lemma":"riqueza","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of explotar","gloss":"wealth"},{"surface":"nacionales","lemma":"nacional","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies riquezas","gloss":"national"}]},{"number":80,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p35-s7","source":"No exagero cuando digo que la lucha de los partidos políticos en nuestra patria no es nada más que una riña entre comerciantes que quieren vender el país al mejor postor.","translation":"I'm not exaggerating when I say that the struggle of the political parties in our homeland is nothing more than a squabble between merchants who want to sell the country to the highest bidder.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p35-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"No","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies exagero","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"exagero","lemma":"exagerar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I exaggerate"},{"surface":"cuando","lemma":"cuando","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of digo","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"digo","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on exagero","gloss":"I say"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clausal complement of digo","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of lucha","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"lucha","lemma":"lucha","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"struggle"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking partidos","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of partidos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"partidos","lemma":"partido","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies lucha","gloss":"parties"},{"surface":"políticos","lemma":"político","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies partidos","gloss":"political"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking patria","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"nuestra","lemma":"nuestro","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of patria","gloss":"our"},{"surface":"patria","lemma":"patria","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies lucha","gloss":"homeland"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies es","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to nada","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"nada","lemma":"nada","morphology":"noun","role":"predicate complement of es","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies nada","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase 'nada más que' (nothing more than)","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of riña","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"riña","lemma":"riña","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"complement of que (nada más que una riña)","gloss":"squabble"},{"surface":"entre","lemma":"entre","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking comerciantes","gloss":"between"},{"surface":"comerciantes","lemma":"comerciante","morphology":"noun, plural","role":"modifies riña","gloss":"merchants"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of quieren","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"quieren","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"clause modifying comerciantes","gloss":"want"},{"surface":"vender","lemma":"vender","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of quieren","gloss":"to sell"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of país","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"país","lemma":"país","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of vender","gloss":"country"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking postor","gloss":"to the"},{"surface":"mejor","lemma":"mejor","morphology":"adjective, singular, comparative","role":"modifies postor","gloss":"highest"},{"surface":"postor","lemma":"postor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"indirect object of vender (recipient, marked by 'a')","gloss":"bidder"}]},{"number":81,"label":"36","id":"la-farsa-p36-s1","source":"Todos miraban estupefactos al Mayor.","translation":"Everyone stared at the Major, dumbfounded.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p36-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Todos","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of miraban","gloss":"everyone"},{"surface":"miraban","lemma":"mirar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stared"},{"surface":"estupefactos","lemma":"estupefacto","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies Todos","gloss":"dumbfounded"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Mayor","gloss":"at the"},{"surface":"Mayor","lemma":"Mayor","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of miraban","gloss":"Major"}]},{"number":82,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p36-s2","source":"A través de los rombos y campánulas veíase al celeste cielo de la mañana, pero nadie reparaba en ello.","translation":"Through the diamond panes and bellflowers the pale-blue morning sky could be seen, but no one took notice of it.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p36-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"reparar en","title":"«reparar en»","body":"«Reparar en» means 'to notice', 'to take note of': «nadie reparaba en ello» = 'no one noticed it'. Without the «en» (or as «reparar» alone) the verb means 'to repair', so the preposition is essential to this sense."}],"words":[{"surface":"A","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"head of the idiom 'a través de' (through)","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"través","lemma":"través","morphology":"noun","role":"part of the phrase A","gloss":"(idiom: through)"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase A","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of rombos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"rombos","lemma":"rombo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of veíase","gloss":"diamond panes"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"campánulas","lemma":"campánula","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"coordinated with rombos","gloss":"bellflowers"},{"surface":"veíase","lemma":"ver","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"could be seen","note":"Archaic/literary enclitic word order: 'veíase' = 'se veía' ('was seen'), with the reflexive/passive 'se' attached to the end of the verb."},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cielo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"celeste","lemma":"celeste","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies cielo","gloss":"pale-blue"},{"surface":"cielo","lemma":"cielo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of veíase","gloss":"sky"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mañana","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mañana","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mañana","lemma":"mañana","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies cielo","gloss":"morning"},{"surface":"pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"nadie","lemma":"nadie","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of reparaba","gloss":"no one"},{"surface":"reparaba","lemma":"reparar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with veíase","gloss":"took notice"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ello","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"ello","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of reparaba","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":83,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p36-s3","source":"Erdosain contábame más tarde que ninguno de los concurrentes a la reunión del miércoles había previsto una escena de tan alto interés.","translation":"Erdosain told me later that none of those attending the Wednesday meeting had foreseen a scene of such high interest.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p36-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"contábame","title":"The narrator's enclitic «me»","body":"«Contábame» = «me contaba» ('he told me'), with the pronoun attached in literary style. Note that the novel has a first-person narrator to whom Erdosain recounts these events — the «me» is that 'I' surfacing inside the scene."}],"words":[{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of contábame","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"contábame","lemma":"contar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"told me","note":"Literary enclitic word order: 'contábame' = 'me contaba' ('was telling me'), with the pronoun 'me' attached to the end of the verb."},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tarde","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"tarde","lemma":"tarde","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies contábame","gloss":"later"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ninguno","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ninguno","lemma":"ninguno","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of previsto","gloss":"none"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking concurrentes","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of concurrentes","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"concurrentes","lemma":"concurrente","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies ninguno","gloss":"those present"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking reunión","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of reunión","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"reunión","lemma":"reunión","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies concurrentes","gloss":"meeting"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking miércoles","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"miércoles","lemma":"miércoles","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies reunión","gloss":"Wednesday"},{"surface":"había","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of previsto","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"previsto","lemma":"prever","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"verb of the que-clause (subject: ninguno)","gloss":"foreseen"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of escena","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"escena","lemma":"escena","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of previsto","gloss":"scene"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking interés","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"tan","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies alto","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"alto","lemma":"alto","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies interés","gloss":"high"},{"surface":"interés","lemma":"interés","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies escena","gloss":"interest"}]},{"number":84,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p36-s4","source":"El Mayor pasó un pañuelo por sus labios y continuó:","translation":"The Major drew a handkerchief across his lips and went on:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p36-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Mayor","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Mayor","lemma":"Mayor","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of pasó","gloss":"Major"},{"surface":"pasó","lemma":"pasar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"drew"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of pañuelo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"pañuelo","lemma":"pañuelo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of pasó","gloss":"handkerchief"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking labios","gloss":"across"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of labios","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"labios","lemma":"labio","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of pasó","gloss":"lips"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"continuó","lemma":"continuar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with pasó","gloss":"went on"}]},{"number":85,"label":"37","id":"la-farsa-p37-s1","source":"–Me alegro de que mis palabras interesen.","translation":"—I'm glad that my words are of interest.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p37-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"me alegro de que… interesen","title":"Subjunctive after emotion","body":"Expressions of emotion like «alegrarse de que» ('to be glad that') govern the subjunctive: «me alegro de que interesen» = 'I'm glad they are of interest'. The present subjunctive «interesen» follows the feeling."}],"words":[{"surface":"Me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of alegro","gloss":"(reflexive)","note":"'Alegrarse' ('to be glad') is an inherently reflexive verb; 'me' has no separate translation here — 'me alegro' = 'I'm glad.'"},{"surface":"alegro","lemma":"alegrar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I'm glad"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of interesen","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of interesen","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"mis","lemma":"mi","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of palabras","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"palabras","lemma":"palabra","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of interesen","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"interesen","lemma":"interesar","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, plural","role":"clausal complement of alegro","gloss":"are of interest"}]},{"number":86,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p37-s2","source":"Hay muchos jóvenes oficiales que piensan como yo.","translation":"There are many young officers who think as I do.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p37-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hay","lemma":"haber","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"there are"},{"surface":"muchos","lemma":"mucho","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of oficiales","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"jóvenes","lemma":"joven","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies oficiales","gloss":"young"},{"surface":"oficiales","lemma":"oficial","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of Hay","gloss":"officers"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of piensan","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"piensan","lemma":"pensar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"clause modifying oficiales","gloss":"think"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of yo","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"oblique complement of piensan","gloss":"I"}]},{"number":87,"label":"38","id":"la-farsa-p38-s1","source":"Hasta contamos con algunos generales nuevos... Lo que conviene, y no se asombren de lo que les voy a decir, es darle a la sociedad un aspecto completamente comunista.","translation":"We even count on some new generals… What is advisable — and don't be shocked by what I'm about to tell you — is to give the society a completely communist appearance.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p38-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"contamos con","title":"«contar con»","body":"«Contar con» means 'to count on', 'to have at one's disposal': «contamos con algunos generales» = 'we count on some generals'. Plain «contar» means 'to count' or 'to tell (a story)'; the «con» gives the sense of relying on something."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hasta","lemma":"hasta","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies contamos","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"contamos","lemma":"contar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"we count"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking generales","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"algunos","lemma":"alguno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of generales","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"generales","lemma":"general","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of contamos","gloss":"generals"},{"surface":"nuevos","lemma":"nuevo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies generales","gloss":"new"},{"surface":"Lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"forms 'lo que' (what) with que; subject of es","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of conviene","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"conviene","lemma":"convenir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"verb of the subject clause 'lo que conviene' (subject of es)","gloss":"is advisable"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies asombren","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of asombren","gloss":"(reflexive)","note":"'Asombrarse' ('to be startled/shocked') is an inherently reflexive verb; 'no se asombren' is a negative formal command meaning 'don't be shocked.'"},{"surface":"asombren","lemma":"asombrarse","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, plural (negative imperative)","role":"main verb of the parenthetical clause","gloss":"be shocked"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the complement of asombren","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"forms 'lo que' (what) with que","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of decir","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"les","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, plural","role":"indirect object of decir","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"voy","lemma":"ir","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of decir","gloss":"am going"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"links voy to decir (ir a + infinitive)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"decir","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of voy (ir a + infinitive)","gloss":"tell"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"darle","lemma":"dar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of es","gloss":"give"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sociedad","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of sociedad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sociedad","lemma":"sociedad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"indirect object of darle","gloss":"society"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of aspecto","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"aspecto","lemma":"aspecto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of darle","gloss":"appearance"},{"surface":"completamente","lemma":"completamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies comunista","gloss":"completely"},{"surface":"comunista","lemma":"comunista","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies aspecto","gloss":"communist"}]},{"number":88,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p38-s2","source":"Les digo esto porque aquí no existe el comunismo, y no se puede llamar comunistas a ese bloque de carpinteros que desbarran sobre sociología en una cuadra donde nadie se quita el sombrero.","translation":"I tell you this because communism does not exist here, and one cannot call communists that bloc of carpenters who rave about sociology on a block where nobody takes off his hat.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p38-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Les","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, plural","role":"indirect object of digo","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"digo","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I tell"},{"surface":"esto","lemma":"este","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of digo","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"porque","lemma":"porque","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of existe","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"aquí","lemma":"aquí","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies existe","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies existe","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"existe","lemma":"existir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on digo","gloss":"exists"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of comunismo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"comunismo","lemma":"comunismo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of existe","gloss":"communism"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies llamar","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"impersonal/passive particle of llamar","gloss":"(passive)"},{"surface":"puede","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of llamar","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"llamar","lemma":"llamar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"coordinated with existe","gloss":"call"},{"surface":"comunistas","lemma":"comunista","morphology":"noun, plural","role":"predicate complement of llamar","gloss":"communists"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bloque","gloss":"(marks object)"},{"surface":"ese","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of bloque","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"bloque","lemma":"bloque","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of llamar","gloss":"bloc"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking carpinteros","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"carpinteros","lemma":"carpintero","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies bloque","gloss":"carpenters"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of desbarran","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"desbarran","lemma":"desbarrar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"clause modifying bloque","gloss":"rave"},{"surface":"sobre","lemma":"sobre","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sociología","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"sociología","lemma":"sociología","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of desbarran","gloss":"sociology"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cuadra","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cuadra","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"cuadra","lemma":"cuadra","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of desbarran","gloss":"workshop"},{"surface":"donde","lemma":"donde","morphology":"pronoun","role":"introduces the relative clause modifying cuadra","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"nadie","lemma":"nadie","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of quita","gloss":"nobody"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, reflexive","role":"indirect object of quita","gloss":"(reflexive)","note":"Dative reflexive: 'quitarse el sombrero' = 'to take off one's (own) hat.'"},{"surface":"quita","lemma":"quitar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"verb of the clause introduced by donde","gloss":"takes off"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of sombrero","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sombrero","lemma":"sombrero","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of quita","gloss":"hat"}]},{"number":89,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p38-s3","source":"Deseo explicarles con nitidez mi pensamiento.","translation":"I wish to set out my thinking to you clearly.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p38-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Deseo","lemma":"desear","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I wish"},{"surface":"explicarles","lemma":"explicar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of Deseo","gloss":"to explain to you"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nitidez","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"nitidez","lemma":"nitidez","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of explicarles","gloss":"clarity"},{"surface":"mi","lemma":"mi","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of pensamiento","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"pensamiento","lemma":"pensamiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of explicarles","gloss":"thinking"}]},{"number":90,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p38-s4","source":"Toda sociedad secreta es un cáncer en la colectividad.","translation":"Every secret society is a cancer in the community.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p38-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Toda sociedad","title":"«todo» as 'every'","body":"Singular «todo/-a» before a noun without an article means 'every / any': «toda sociedad secreta» = 'every secret society'. With the article («toda la sociedad») it would mean 'the whole society' instead."}],"words":[{"surface":"Toda","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of sociedad","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"sociedad","lemma":"sociedad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"society"},{"surface":"secreta","lemma":"secreto","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies sociedad","gloss":"secret"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to cáncer","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cáncer","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"cáncer","lemma":"cáncer","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of es","gloss":"cancer"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking colectividad","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of colectividad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"colectividad","lemma":"colectividad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies cáncer","gloss":"community"}]},{"number":91,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p38-s5","source":"Sus funciones misteriosas desequilibran el funcionamiento de la misma.","translation":"Its mysterious workings unbalance the functioning of that very community.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p38-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of funciones","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"funciones","lemma":"función","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of desequilibran","gloss":"workings"},{"surface":"misteriosas","lemma":"misterioso","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies funciones","gloss":"mysterious"},{"surface":"desequilibran","lemma":"desequilibrar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"unbalance"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of funcionamiento","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"funcionamiento","lemma":"funcionamiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of desequilibran","gloss":"functioning"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking misma","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of misma","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"misma","lemma":"mismo","morphology":"pronoun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies funcionamiento, referring back to colectividad","gloss":"same","note":"'La misma' ('the same one') refers back to 'colectividad' (the community) named in the previous sentence."}]},{"number":92,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p38-s6","source":"Pues bien, nosotros los jefes de células, les daremos a éstas un carácter completamente bolchevique.","translation":"Well then, we, the cell chiefs, will give them a completely Bolshevik character.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p38-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pues","lemma":"pues","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the discourse phrase 'pues bien' (well then)","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"bien","lemma":"bien","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase Pues","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"nosotros","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, masculine, plural","role":"subject of daremos","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of jefes","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"jefes","lemma":"jefe","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"in apposition to nosotros","gloss":"chiefs"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking células","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"células","lemma":"célula","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies jefes","gloss":"cells"},{"surface":"les","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, plural","role":"indirect object of daremos","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"daremos","lemma":"dar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"we will give"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking éstas","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"éstas","lemma":"este","morphology":"pronoun, feminine, plural","role":"indirect object of daremos, doubling with les","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of carácter","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"carácter","lemma":"carácter","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of daremos","gloss":"character"},{"surface":"completamente","lemma":"completamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bolchevique","gloss":"completely"},{"surface":"bolchevique","lemma":"bolchevique","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies carácter","gloss":"Bolshevik"}]},{"number":93,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p38-s7","source":"–Fue la primera vez que esa palabra se pronunció allí, e involuntariamente todos se miraron–.","translation":"—It was the first time that word was spoken there, and involuntarily they all looked at one another—.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p38-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Fue","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to vez","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of vez","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"primera","lemma":"primero","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies vez","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"vez","lemma":"vez","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"introduces the clause modifying vez","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"esa","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of palabra","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"palabra","lemma":"palabra","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of pronunció","gloss":"word"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of pronunció","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"pronunció","lemma":"pronunciar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying vez","gloss":"was spoken"},{"surface":"allí","lemma":"allí","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies pronunció","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"e","lemma":"e","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"involuntariamente","lemma":"involuntariamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies miraron","gloss":"involuntarily"},{"surface":"todos","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of miraron","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reciprocal","role":"reciprocal particle of miraron","gloss":"each other"},{"surface":"miraron","lemma":"mirar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with pronunció","gloss":"looked"}]},{"number":94,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p38-s8","source":"Este aspecto atraerá numerosos desorbitados y, en consecuencia, la multiplicación de las células.","translation":"This appearance will draw in numerous unhinged people and, in consequence, the multiplication of the cells.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p38-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Este","lemma":"este","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of aspecto","gloss":"This"},{"surface":"aspecto","lemma":"aspecto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of atraerá","gloss":"appearance"},{"surface":"atraerá","lemma":"atraer","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"will draw in"},{"surface":"numerosos","lemma":"numeroso","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies desorbitados","gloss":"numerous"},{"surface":"desorbitados","lemma":"desorbitado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of atraerá","gloss":"unhinged people"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase en consecuencia (idiom: as a result)","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"consecuencia","lemma":"consecuencia","morphology":"noun","role":"part of the phrase en","gloss":"consequence","note":"«en consecuencia» is a fixed phrase meaning 'as a result, consequently.'"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of multiplicación","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"multiplicación","lemma":"multiplicación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"second direct object of atraerá, coordinated with desorbitados","gloss":"multiplication"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking células","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of células","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"células","lemma":"célula","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies multiplicación","gloss":"cells"}]},{"number":95,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p38-s9","source":"Crearemos así un ficticio cuerpo revolucionario.","translation":"In this way we will create a fictitious revolutionary body.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p38-s9.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Crearemos","lemma":"crear","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"We will create"},{"surface":"así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Crearemos","gloss":"this way"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cuerpo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ficticio","lemma":"ficticio","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies cuerpo","gloss":"fictitious"},{"surface":"cuerpo","lemma":"cuerpo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of Crearemos","gloss":"body"},{"surface":"revolucionario","lemma":"revolucionario","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies cuerpo","gloss":"revolutionary"}]},{"number":96,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p38-s10","source":"Cultivaremos en especial los atentados terroristas.","translation":"We will especially cultivate terrorist attacks.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p38-s10.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Cultivaremos","lemma":"cultivar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"We will cultivate"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase en especial (fixed expression meaning 'especially')","gloss":"especially","note":"«en especial» is a fixed phrase meaning 'especially, in particular.'"},{"surface":"especial","lemma":"especial","morphology":"adjective","role":"part of the phrase en especial","gloss":"special"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of atentados","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"atentados","lemma":"atentado","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of Cultivaremos","gloss":"attacks"},{"surface":"terroristas","lemma":"terrorista","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies atentados","gloss":"terrorist"}]},{"number":97,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p38-s11","source":"Un atentado que tiene mediano éxito despierta todas las conciencias oscuras y feroces de la sociedad.","translation":"An attack that meets with middling success awakens all the dark and ferocious consciences of society.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p38-s11.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of atentado","gloss":"An"},{"surface":"atentado","lemma":"atentado","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of despierta","gloss":"attack"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of tiene","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"tiene","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying atentado","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"mediano","lemma":"mediano","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies éxito","gloss":"middling"},{"surface":"éxito","lemma":"éxito","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of tiene","gloss":"success"},{"surface":"despierta","lemma":"despertar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"awakens"},{"surface":"todas","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of conciencias (with las)","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of conciencias","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"conciencias","lemma":"conciencia","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of despierta","gloss":"consciences"},{"surface":"oscuras","lemma":"oscuro","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies conciencias","gloss":"dark"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"feroces","lemma":"feroz","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"coordinated with oscuras","gloss":"ferocious"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sociedad","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of sociedad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sociedad","lemma":"sociedad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies conciencias","gloss":"society"}]},{"number":98,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p38-s12","source":"Si en el intervalo de un año repetimos los atentados, acompañándolos de proclamas antisociales que inciten al proletariado a la creación de los «soviets»... ¿Sabes ustedes lo que habremos conseguido?","translation":"If over the span of a year we repeat the attacks, backing them with antisocial manifestos that incite the proletariat to create \"soviets\"… Do you know what we will have achieved?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p38-s12.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"proclamas que inciten","title":"Subjunctive in a relative clause","body":"When the noun described is hypothetical or sought rather than known, its relative clause takes the subjunctive: «proclamas que inciten» = 'manifestos that would incite'. The subjunctive «inciten» marks the manifestos as the intended kind, not yet real."}],"words":[{"surface":"Si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of repetimos","gloss":"If"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking intervalo","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of intervalo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"intervalo","lemma":"intervalo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of repetimos","gloss":"span"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking año","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of año","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"año","lemma":"año","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies intervalo","gloss":"year"},{"surface":"repetimos","lemma":"repetir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"main verb of the conditional clause introduced by Si","gloss":"we repeat"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of atentados","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"atentados","lemma":"atentado","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of repetimos","gloss":"attacks"},{"surface":"acompañándolos","lemma":"acompañar","morphology":"verb, gerund, with accusative enclitic -los ('them')","role":"adverbial clause on repetimos","gloss":"accompanying them"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking proclamas","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"proclamas","lemma":"proclama","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of acompañándolos","gloss":"manifestos"},{"surface":"antisociales","lemma":"antisocial","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies proclamas","gloss":"antisocial"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of inciten","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"inciten","lemma":"incitar","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, plural","role":"clause modifying proclamas","gloss":"incite"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking proletariado","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"proletariado","lemma":"proletariado","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of inciten","gloss":"proletariat"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking creación","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of creación","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"creación","lemma":"creación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of inciten","gloss":"creation"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking soviets","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of soviets","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"soviets","lemma":"soviet","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies creación","gloss":"soviets","note":"«soviets» is the Russian loanword for workers' councils, kept in quotation marks in the original — the language of Bolshevik revolution."},{"surface":"Sabes","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"Do you know"},{"surface":"ustedes","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, plural","role":"subject of Sabes","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"el","morphology":"article, neuter, singular","role":"part of the phrase lo que (what), direct object of Sabes","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"part of the phrase lo que, direct object of conseguido","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"habremos","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, future, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of conseguido","gloss":"we will have"},{"surface":"conseguido","lemma":"conseguir","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the embedded lo que clause (direct object of Sabes)","gloss":"achieved"}]},{"number":99,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p38-s13","source":"Algo admirable y sencillo.","translation":"Something admirable and simple.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p38-s13.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Algo","lemma":"algo","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Something"},{"surface":"admirable","lemma":"admirable","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Algo","gloss":"admirable"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sencillo","lemma":"sencillo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with admirable","gloss":"simple"}]},{"number":100,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p38-s14","source":"Crear en el país la inquietud revolucionaria.","translation":"To create revolutionary unrest in the country.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p38-s14.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Crear","lemma":"crear","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"To create"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking país","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of país","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"país","lemma":"país","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of Crear","gloss":"country"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of inquietud","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"inquietud","lemma":"inquietud","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of Crear","gloss":"unrest"},{"surface":"revolucionaria","lemma":"revolucionario","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies inquietud","gloss":"revolutionary"}]},{"number":101,"label":"39","id":"la-farsa-p39-s1","source":"«La 'inquietud revolucionaria' yo la definiría como un desasosiego colectivo que no se atreve a manifestar sus deseos, todos se sienten alterados, enardecidos, los periódicos fomentan la tormenta y la policía le ayuda deteniendo a inocentes, que por los sufrimientos padecidos se convierten en revolucionarios; todas las mañanas las gentes se despiertan ansiosas de novedades, esperando un atentado más feroz que el anterior y que justifique sus presunciones; las injusticias policiales enardecen los ánimos de los que no las sufrieron, no falta un exaltado que descarga su revólver en el pecho de un polizonte, las organizaciones obreras se revuelven y decretan huelgas, y las palabras revolución y bolcheviquismo infiltran en todas partes el espanto y la esperanza.","translation":"\"I would define 'revolutionary unrest' as a collective disquiet that dares not voice its desires; everyone feels agitated, inflamed; the newspapers stoke the storm and the police help it along by arresting innocents, who, from the suffering they endure, turn into revolutionaries; every morning people wake hungry for news, expecting an attack fiercer than the last and one that will justify their suspicions; police injustices inflame the tempers of those who did not suffer them, there is always some hothead who empties his revolver into a constable's chest, the workers' organizations rise up and declare strikes, and the words revolution and Bolshevism spread terror and hope everywhere.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p39-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"yo la definiría","title":"Conditional for a hypothetical definition","body":"«Definiría» is the conditional of «definir»: 'I would define'. The conditional softens the statement into a proposed definition rather than a flat assertion: «yo la definiría como…» = 'I would define it as…'."},{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"no falta un exaltado que","title":"«no falta… que»","body":"«No falta (alguien) que…» means 'there is always someone who…', literally 'someone who… is never lacking'. «No falta un exaltado que descarga su revólver» = 'there's always a hothead who empties his revolver'."}],"words":[{"surface":"La","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of inquietud","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"inquietud","lemma":"inquietud","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of definiría (fronted, resumed by clitic la)","gloss":"unrest"},{"surface":"revolucionaria","lemma":"revolucionario","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies inquietud","gloss":"revolutionary"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of definiría","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of definiría","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"definiría","lemma":"definir","morphology":"verb, conditional, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"would define"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the predicate complement (as) of definiría","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of desasosiego","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"desasosiego","lemma":"desasosiego","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of definiría (via como)","gloss":"disquiet"},{"surface":"colectivo","lemma":"colectivo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies desasosiego","gloss":"collective"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of atreve","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies atreve","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of atreve","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"atreve","lemma":"atreverse","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying desasosiego","gloss":"dares"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of manifestar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"manifestar","lemma":"manifestar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of atreve","gloss":"voice"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of deseos","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"deseos","lemma":"deseo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of manifestar","gloss":"desires"},{"surface":"todos","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of sienten","gloss":"everyone"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of sienten","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"sienten","lemma":"sentir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with definiría","gloss":"feel"},{"surface":"alterados","lemma":"alterado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"predicate complement of sienten (sentirse alterados = to feel agitated)","gloss":"agitated"},{"surface":"enardecidos","lemma":"enardecido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with alterados, predicate complement of sienten","gloss":"inflamed"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of periódicos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"periódicos","lemma":"periódico","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of fomentan","gloss":"newspapers"},{"surface":"fomentan","lemma":"fomentar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with definiría","gloss":"stoke"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of tormenta","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tormenta","lemma":"tormenta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of fomentan","gloss":"storm"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of policía","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"policía","lemma":"policía","morphology":"noun, singular","role":"subject of ayuda","gloss":"police"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of ayuda","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"ayuda","lemma":"ayudar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with definiría","gloss":"helps"},{"surface":"deteniendo","lemma":"detener","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"complement of ayuda","gloss":"arresting"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking inocentes (personal a)","gloss":"(object marker)","note":"The personal 'a' marks inocentes as a direct object; it has no separate English translation."},{"surface":"inocentes","lemma":"inocente","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"direct object of deteniendo","gloss":"innocents"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of convierten","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sufrimientos","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of sufrimientos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sufrimientos","lemma":"sufrimiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of convierten","gloss":"suffering"},{"surface":"padecidos","lemma":"padecido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies sufrimientos","gloss":"endured"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of convierten","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"convierten","lemma":"convertir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"clause modifying inocentes","gloss":"turn"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking revolucionarios","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"revolucionarios","lemma":"revolucionario","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"predicate complement of convierten (via en)","gloss":"revolutionaries"},{"surface":"todas","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of mañanas (with las)","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of mañanas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mañanas","lemma":"mañana","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of despiertan","gloss":"mornings"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of gentes","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"gentes","lemma":"gente","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of despiertan","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of despiertan","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"despiertan","lemma":"despertar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with definiría","gloss":"wake"},{"surface":"ansiosas","lemma":"ansioso","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"predicate complement of despiertan (secondary predicate)","gloss":"hungry"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking novedades","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"novedades","lemma":"novedad","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies ansiosas","gloss":"news"},{"surface":"esperando","lemma":"esperar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on despiertan","gloss":"expecting"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of atentado","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"atentado","lemma":"atentado","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of esperando","gloss":"attack"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies feroz","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"feroz","lemma":"feroz","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies atentado","gloss":"fierce"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the comparative phrase (than) with anterior","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of anterior","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"anterior","lemma":"anterior","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"object of the comparison que, refers to atentado","gloss":"previous one"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of justifique, introduces clause modifying atentado","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"justifique","lemma":"justificar","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying atentado, coordinated with the comparative clause","gloss":"will justify"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of presunciones","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"presunciones","lemma":"presunción","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of justifique","gloss":"suspicions"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of injusticias","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"injusticias","lemma":"injusticia","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of enardecen","gloss":"injustices"},{"surface":"policiales","lemma":"policial","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies injusticias","gloss":"police"},{"surface":"enardecen","lemma":"enardecer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with definiría","gloss":"inflame"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of ánimos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ánimos","lemma":"ánimo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of enardecen","gloss":"tempers"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition introducing los que (those who), modifies ánimos","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"head of the phrase los que (those who)","gloss":"those"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of sufrieron","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sufrieron","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of sufrieron","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"sufrieron","lemma":"sufrir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"clause modifying los (those who)","gloss":"suffered"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies falta","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"falta","lemma":"faltar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with definiría","gloss":"is lacking","note":"«no falta» is an idiom meaning 'there's never a shortage of / there is always.'"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of exaltado","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"exaltado","lemma":"exaltado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular (nominalized)","role":"subject of falta","gloss":"hothead"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of descarga","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"descarga","lemma":"descargar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying exaltado","gloss":"empties"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of revólver","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"revólver","lemma":"revólver","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of descarga","gloss":"revolver"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pecho","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of pecho","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"pecho","lemma":"pecho","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of descarga","gloss":"chest"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking polizonte","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of polizonte","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"polizonte","lemma":"polizonte","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies pecho","gloss":"constable","note":"«polizonte» is a colloquial term for a policeman, rendered here as 'constable.'"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of organizaciones","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"organizaciones","lemma":"organización","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of revuelven","gloss":"organizations"},{"surface":"obreras","lemma":"obrero","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies organizaciones","gloss":"workers'"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of revuelven","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"revuelven","lemma":"revolverse","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with definiría","gloss":"rise up"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"decretan","lemma":"decretar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with revuelven","gloss":"declare"},{"surface":"huelgas","lemma":"huelga","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of decretan","gloss":"strikes"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of palabras","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"palabras","lemma":"palabra","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of infiltran","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"revolución","lemma":"revolución","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"in apposition to palabras, coordinated with bolcheviquismo","gloss":"revolution"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bolcheviquismo","lemma":"bolcheviquismo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition to palabras, coordinated with revolución","gloss":"Bolshevism"},{"surface":"infiltran","lemma":"infiltrar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with definiría","gloss":"spread"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking partes","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"todas","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of partes","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"partes","lemma":"parte","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of infiltran","gloss":"places"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of espanto","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"espanto","lemma":"espanto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of infiltran","gloss":"terror"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of esperanza","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"esperanza","lemma":"esperanza","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with espanto","gloss":"hope"}]},{"number":102,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p39-s2","source":"Ahora bien, cuando numerosas bombas hayan estallado por los rincones de la ciudad y las proclamas sean leídas y la inquietud revolucionaria esté madura, entonces intervendremos nosotros, los militares...»","translation":"Now then, when numerous bombs have gone off in the corners of the city and the manifestos are read and revolutionary unrest is ripe, then we, the military, will step in…\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p39-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"cuando… hayan estallado","title":"Subjunctive after «cuando» (future)","body":"«Cuando» pointing to a still-unrealized future takes the subjunctive: «cuando hayan estallado», «sean leídas», «esté madura» = 'when (they) have gone off, are read, is ripe'. Spanish never uses the future indicative after «cuando» for events yet to come."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ahora","lemma":"ahora","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the idiom Ahora bien (now then), introduces the sentence","gloss":"Now"},{"surface":"bien","lemma":"bien","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase Ahora","gloss":"then","note":"«Ahora bien» is a fixed discourse marker meaning 'now then / well now.'"},{"surface":"cuando","lemma":"cuando","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of estallado","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"numerosas","lemma":"numeroso","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies bombas","gloss":"numerous"},{"surface":"bombas","lemma":"bomba","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of estallado","gloss":"bombs"},{"surface":"hayan","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of estallado","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"estallado","lemma":"estallar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"verb of the cuando-clause, modifying intervendremos","gloss":"gone off"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rincones","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of rincones","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"rincones","lemma":"rincón","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of estallado","gloss":"corners"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ciudad","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of ciudad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ciudad","lemma":"ciudad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies rincones","gloss":"city"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of proclamas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"proclamas","lemma":"proclama","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of leídas","gloss":"manifestos"},{"surface":"sean","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of leídas","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"leídas","lemma":"leer","morphology":"verb, past, participle, feminine, plural","role":"coordinated with estallado, verb of the cuando-clause","gloss":"read"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of inquietud","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"inquietud","lemma":"inquietud","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of esté","gloss":"unrest"},{"surface":"revolucionaria","lemma":"revolucionario","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies inquietud","gloss":"revolutionary"},{"surface":"esté","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to madura","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"madura","lemma":"maduro","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"predicate complement of esté (coordinated with the leídas clause)","gloss":"ripe"},{"surface":"entonces","lemma":"entonces","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies intervendremos","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"intervendremos","lemma":"intervenir","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"will step in"},{"surface":"nosotros","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, plural","role":"subject of intervendremos (emphatic)","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of militares","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"militares","lemma":"militar","morphology":"noun, plural","role":"in apposition to nosotros","gloss":"military"}]},{"number":103,"label":"40","id":"la-farsa-p40-s1","source":"El Mayor apartó sus botas de un rayo de sol, y continuó:","translation":"The Major drew his boots out of a ray of sunlight and went on:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p40-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Mayor","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"Mayor","lemma":"Mayor","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of apartó","gloss":"Major"},{"surface":"apartó","lemma":"apartar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"drew"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of botas","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"botas","lemma":"bota","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of apartó","gloss":"boots"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rayo","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of rayo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"rayo","lemma":"rayo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies botas","gloss":"ray"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sol","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"sol","lemma":"sol","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies rayo","gloss":"sun"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"continuó","lemma":"continuar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with apartó","gloss":"went on"}]},{"number":104,"label":"41","id":"la-farsa-p41-s1","source":"–Sí, intervendremos nosotros, los militares.","translation":"—Yes, we, the military, will step in.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p41-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sí","lemma":"Sí","morphology":"interjection","role":"discourse marker, precedes intervendremos","gloss":"Yes"},{"surface":"intervendremos","lemma":"intervenir","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"will step in"},{"surface":"nosotros","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, plural","role":"subject of intervendremos","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of militares","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"militares","lemma":"militar","morphology":"noun, plural","role":"in apposition to nosotros","gloss":"military"}]},{"number":105,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p41-s2","source":"Diremos que en vista de la poca capacidad del gobierno para defender las instituciones de la patria, el capital y la familia, nos apoderamos del Estado, proclamando una dictadura transitoria.","translation":"We will say that, in view of the government's scant capacity to defend the homeland's institutions, capital, and the family, we are seizing the State, proclaiming a transitional dictatorship.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p41-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"nos apoderamos de","title":"«apoderarse de»","body":"Pronominal «apoderarse de» means 'to seize / take possession of': «nos apoderamos del Estado» = 'we seize the State'. The «de» is required; the «nos» is part of the verb."}],"words":[{"surface":"Diremos","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"We will say"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of apoderamos","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase en vista de (fixed expression meaning 'in view of')","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"vista","lemma":"vista","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"part of the phrase en vista de","gloss":"view"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase en vista de","gloss":"of","note":"«en vista de» is a fixed phrase meaning 'in view of, given.'"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of capacidad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"poca","lemma":"poco","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"modifies capacidad","gloss":"scant"},{"surface":"capacidad","lemma":"capacidad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase en vista de, oblique complement of apoderamos","gloss":"capacity"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gobierno","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"gobierno","lemma":"gobierno","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies capacidad","gloss":"government"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of defender","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"defender","lemma":"defender","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clause modifying capacidad","gloss":"defend"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of instituciones","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"instituciones","lemma":"institución","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of defender","gloss":"institutions"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking patria","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of patria","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"patria","lemma":"patria","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies instituciones","gloss":"homeland"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of capital","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"capital","lemma":"capital","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with patria (complement of de)","gloss":"capital"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of familia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"familia","lemma":"familia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with patria (complement of de)","gloss":"family"},{"surface":"nos","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of apoderamos","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"apoderamos","lemma":"apoderarse","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"clausal complement of Diremos","gloss":"are seizing"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Estado","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"Estado","lemma":"Estado","morphology":"proper noun","role":"complement of apoderamos (apoderarse de = to seize)","gloss":"State"},{"surface":"proclamando","lemma":"proclamar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on apoderamos","gloss":"proclaiming"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of dictadura","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"dictadura","lemma":"dictadura","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of proclamando","gloss":"dictatorship"},{"surface":"transitoria","lemma":"transitorio","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies dictadura","gloss":"transitional"}]},{"number":106,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p41-s3","source":"Todas las dictaduras son transitorias para despertar confianza.","translation":"All dictatorships are transitional, so as to inspire confidence.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p41-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Todas","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of dictaduras (with las)","gloss":"All"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of dictaduras","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"dictaduras","lemma":"dictadura","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of transitorias","gloss":"dictatorships"},{"surface":"son","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"copula linking to transitorias","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"transitorias","lemma":"transitorio","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"predicate complement of son","gloss":"transitional"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of despertar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"despertar","lemma":"despertar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on transitorias","gloss":"inspire"},{"surface":"confianza","lemma":"confianza","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of despertar","gloss":"confidence"}]},{"number":107,"label":"42","id":"la-farsa-p42-s1","source":"Capitalistas burgueses, y en especial, los gobiernos extranjeros conservadores, reconocerán inmediatamente el nuevo estado de cosas.","translation":"Bourgeois capitalists, and conservative foreign governments in particular, will immediately recognize the new state of affairs.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p42-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Capitalistas","lemma":"capitalista","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of reconocerán","gloss":"Capitalists"},{"surface":"burgueses","lemma":"burgués","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies Capitalistas","gloss":"bourgeois"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"forms the adverbial phrase en especial","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"especial","lemma":"especial","morphology":"adjective","role":"completes the phrase en especial","gloss":"particular"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of gobiernos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"gobiernos","lemma":"gobierno","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with Capitalistas","gloss":"governments"},{"surface":"extranjeros","lemma":"extranjero","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies gobiernos","gloss":"foreign"},{"surface":"conservadores","lemma":"conservador","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies gobiernos","gloss":"conservative"},{"surface":"reconocerán","lemma":"reconocer","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"will recognize"},{"surface":"inmediatamente","lemma":"inmediatamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies reconocerán","gloss":"immediately"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of estado","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"nuevo","lemma":"nuevo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies estado","gloss":"new"},{"surface":"estado","lemma":"estado","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of reconocerán","gloss":"state"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cosas","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"cosas","lemma":"cosa","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies estado","gloss":"affairs"}]},{"number":108,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p42-s2","source":"Culparemos al gobierno de los Soviets de obligarnos a asumir una actitud semejante y fusilaremos a algunos pobres diablos convictos y confesos de fabricar bombas.","translation":"We will blame the Soviet government for forcing us to take such a stance, and we will shoot a few poor devils convicted and confessed of making bombs.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p42-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"culparemos… de obligarnos","title":"«culpar de» + infinitive","body":"«Culpar a alguien de (algo)» means 'to blame someone for (something)'. With an action, the «de» is followed by an infinitive: «culparemos al gobierno de obligarnos» = 'we'll blame the government for forcing us'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Culparemos","lemma":"culpar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"we will blame"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"contraction of a (personal a) + el","role":"personal a + article marking gobierno as direct object","gloss":"the","note":"Personal 'a' marks a direct object referring to a body of people; it fuses with 'el' as 'al' and isn't translated separately."},{"surface":"gobierno","lemma":"gobierno","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of Culparemos","gloss":"government"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Soviets","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of Soviets","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Soviets","lemma":"Soviets","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies gobierno","gloss":"Soviets"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of obligarnos","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"obligarnos","lemma":"obligar","morphology":"verb, infinitive, with attached first-person plural pronoun (nos)","role":"clausal complement of Culparemos (via de)","gloss":"forcing us"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of asumir","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"asumir","lemma":"asumir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of obligarnos","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of actitud","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"actitud","lemma":"actitud","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of asumir","gloss":"stance"},{"surface":"semejante","lemma":"semejante","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies actitud","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fusilaremos","lemma":"fusilar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"coordinated with Culparemos","gloss":"we will shoot"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition (personal a)","role":"preposition marking diablos as direct object","gloss":"(marks object)"},{"surface":"algunos","lemma":"alguno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of diablos","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"pobres","lemma":"pobre","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies diablos","gloss":"poor"},{"surface":"diablos","lemma":"diablo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of fusilaremos","gloss":"devils"},{"surface":"convictos","lemma":"convicto","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies diablos","gloss":"convicted"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"confesos","lemma":"confeso","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with convictos","gloss":"confessed"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of fabricar","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"fabricar","lemma":"fabricar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clause modifying confesos","gloss":"making"},{"surface":"bombas","lemma":"bomba","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of fabricar","gloss":"bombs"}]},{"number":109,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p42-s3","source":"Suprimiremos las dos cámaras y el presupuesto del país será reducido a un mínimo.","translation":"We will abolish the two chambers, and the country's budget will be reduced to a minimum.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p42-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Suprimiremos","lemma":"suprimir","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"we will abolish"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of cámaras","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"dos","lemma":"dos","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies cámaras","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"cámaras","lemma":"cámara","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of Suprimiremos","gloss":"chambers"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of presupuesto","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"presupuesto","lemma":"presupuesto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of reducido","gloss":"budget"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking país","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"país","lemma":"país","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies presupuesto","gloss":"country"},{"surface":"será","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of reducido","gloss":"will be"},{"surface":"reducido","lemma":"reducir","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"reduced"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mínimo","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of mínimo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"mínimo","lemma":"mínimo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of reducido","gloss":"minimum"}]},{"number":110,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p42-s4","source":"La administración del Estado será puesta en manos de la administración militar.","translation":"The administration of the State will be placed in the hands of the military administration.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p42-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"La","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of administración","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"administración","lemma":"administración","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of puesta","gloss":"administration"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Estado","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"Estado","lemma":"estado","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies administración","gloss":"State"},{"surface":"será","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of puesta","gloss":"will be"},{"surface":"puesta","lemma":"poner","morphology":"verb, past, participle, feminine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"placed"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking manos","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"manos","lemma":"mano","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"part of the phrase en manos de","gloss":"hands"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking the second administración","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of administración","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"administración","lemma":"administración","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies manos","gloss":"administration"},{"surface":"militar","lemma":"militar","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies administración","gloss":"military"}]},{"number":111,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p42-s5","source":"El país alcanzará así una grandeza nunca vista.","translation":"In this way the country will attain a greatness never before seen.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p42-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of país","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"país","lemma":"país","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of alcanzará","gloss":"country"},{"surface":"alcanzará","lemma":"alcanzar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"will attain"},{"surface":"así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies alcanzará","gloss":"thus"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of grandeza","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"grandeza","lemma":"grandeza","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of alcanzará","gloss":"greatness"},{"surface":"nunca","lemma":"nunca","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vista","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"vista","lemma":"visto","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies grandeza","gloss":"seen"}]},{"number":112,"label":"43","id":"la-farsa-p43-s1","source":"Calló el Mayor, y en la glorieta florida los hombres prorrumpieron en aplausos.","translation":"The Major fell silent, and in the flowering arbor the men burst into applause.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p43-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Calló el Mayor","title":"Verb-first word order (preterite)","body":"Spanish freely puts the verb before the subject: «calló el Mayor» = 'the Major fell silent'. «Calló» is the preterite of «callar(se)», 'to fall / go silent' — a single completed act, not the ongoing imperfect."}],"words":[{"surface":"Calló","lemma":"callar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"fell silent"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Mayor","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Mayor","lemma":"Mayor","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of Calló","gloss":"Major"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking glorieta","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of glorieta","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"glorieta","lemma":"glorieta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of prorrumpieron","gloss":"arbor"},{"surface":"florida","lemma":"florido","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies glorieta","gloss":"flowering"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of hombres","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hombres","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of prorrumpieron","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"prorrumpieron","lemma":"prorrumpir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with Calló","gloss":"burst"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking aplausos","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"aplausos","lemma":"aplauso","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of prorrumpieron","gloss":"applause"}]},{"number":113,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p43-s2","source":"Una paloma echó a volar.","translation":"A dove took to flight.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p43-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"echó a volar","title":"«echar a» + infinitive","body":"«Echar a» plus an infinitive means 'to start / break into (an action)' suddenly: «echó a volar» = 'took flight', 'started to fly'. It stresses the abrupt beginning of the motion."}],"words":[{"surface":"Una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of paloma","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"paloma","lemma":"paloma","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of echó","gloss":"dove"},{"surface":"echó","lemma":"echar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"took","note":"'echar a + infinitive' is an idiom meaning to suddenly start doing something; 'echó a volar' = 'took off flying.'"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of volar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"volar","lemma":"volar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of echó","gloss":"fly"}]},{"number":114,"label":"44","id":"la-farsa-p44-s1","source":"–Su idea es hermosa –dijo Erdosain–, pero el caso es que nosotros trabajaremos para ustedes...","translation":"—Your idea is beautiful —said Erdosain—, but the thing is that we'll be working for you…","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p44-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of idea","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"idea","lemma":"idea","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of hermosa","gloss":"idea"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to hermosa","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"hermosa","lemma":"hermoso","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"predicate complement of es","gloss":"beautiful"},{"surface":"dijo","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of dijo","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of caso","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"caso","lemma":"caso","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"thing","note":"'el caso es que' is an idiom meaning 'the thing is that,' literally 'the case is that.'"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the second clause, coordinated by pero","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of trabajaremos","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"nosotros","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of trabajaremos","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"trabajaremos","lemma":"trabajar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"clausal complement of es","gloss":"we will be working"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ustedes","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"ustedes","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, plural","role":"oblique complement of trabajaremos","gloss":"you"}]},{"number":115,"label":"45","id":"la-farsa-p45-s1","source":"–¿No querían ser ustedes jefes?","translation":"—Didn't you want to be chiefs?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p45-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"No","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies querían","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"querían","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"wanted"},{"surface":"ser","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, infinitive","role":"copula linking to jefes","gloss":"to be"},{"surface":"ustedes","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, plural","role":"subject of querían (controls ser)","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"jefes","lemma":"jefe","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"predicate complement of ser","gloss":"chiefs"}]},{"number":116,"label":"46","id":"la-farsa-p46-s1","source":"–Sí, pero lo que recibiremos nosotros serán las migajas del banquete...","translation":"—Yes, but what we'll receive will be the crumbs from the banquet…","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p46-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sí","lemma":"sí","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"yes"},{"surface":"pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"lo","morphology":"neuter pronoun (forms lo que)","role":"head of the relative clause lo que, subject of serán","gloss":"what","note":"'lo que' (literally 'the that which') is the neuter relative pronoun for 'what/that which.'"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of recibiremos","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"recibiremos","lemma":"recibir","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"relative clause modifying lo","gloss":"we will receive"},{"surface":"nosotros","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of recibiremos","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"serán","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, future, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"copula linking to migajas","gloss":"will be"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of migajas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"migajas","lemma":"migaja","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"predicate complement of serán","gloss":"crumbs"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking banquete","gloss":"from the"},{"surface":"banquete","lemma":"banquete","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies migajas","gloss":"banquet"}]},{"number":117,"label":"47","id":"la-farsa-p47-s1","source":"–No, señor... usted confunde... lo pensado...","translation":"—No, sir… you're confusing… what was planned…","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p47-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"No","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"stands alone as the reply","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"señor","lemma":"señor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"vocative address","gloss":"sir"},{"surface":"usted","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, singular","role":"subject of confunde","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"confunde","lemma":"confundir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"are confusing"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"lo","morphology":"neuter article","role":"forms the nominalized phrase lo pensado","gloss":"what","note":"'lo' + participle/adjective forms an abstract noun phrase; 'lo pensado' = 'what was thought/planned.'"},{"surface":"pensado","lemma":"pensado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of confunde","gloss":"planned"}]},{"number":118,"label":"48","id":"la-farsa-p48-s1","source":"Intervino el Astrólogo:","translation":"The Astrologer spoke up:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p48-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Intervino","lemma":"intervenir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"spoke up"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of Intervino","gloss":"Astrologer"}]},{"number":119,"label":"49","id":"la-farsa-p49-s1","source":"–Señores... nosotros no nos hemos reunido para discutir orientaciones que no interesan ahora... sino para organizar las actividades de los jefes de célula.","translation":"—Gentlemen… we have not gathered to debate directions that are of no interest right now… but to organize the activities of the cell chiefs.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p49-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Señores","lemma":"señor","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"vocative address","gloss":"gentlemen"},{"surface":"nosotros","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of reunido","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies reunido","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"nos","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural, reflexive","role":"direct object of reunido","gloss":"ourselves"},{"surface":"hemos","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of reunido","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"reunido","lemma":"reunir","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"gathered"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of discutir","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"discutir","lemma":"discutir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on reunido","gloss":"debate"},{"surface":"orientaciones","lemma":"orientación","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of discutir","gloss":"directions"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of interesan","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies interesan","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"interesan","lemma":"interesar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"clause modifying orientaciones","gloss":"are of interest"},{"surface":"ahora","lemma":"ahora","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies interesan","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"sino","lemma":"sino","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of organizar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"organizar","lemma":"organizar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"coordinated with discutir","gloss":"organize"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of actividades","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"actividades","lemma":"actividad","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of organizar","gloss":"activities"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking jefes","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of jefes","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"jefes","lemma":"jefe","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies actividades","gloss":"chiefs"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking célula","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"célula","lemma":"célula","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies jefes","gloss":"cell"}]},{"number":120,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p49-s2","source":"Si están dispuestos, vamos a empezar.","translation":"If you're ready, let's begin.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p49-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"estar dispuesto","title":"«estar dispuesto a»","body":"«Estar dispuesto (a)» means 'to be ready / willing (to)': «si están dispuestos» = 'if you're ready'. The adjective «dispuesto» agrees with the subject and often takes «a» before an infinitive."}],"words":[{"surface":"Si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of dispuestos","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"están","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"copula linking to dispuestos","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"dispuestos","lemma":"dispuesto","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"predicate complement of están","gloss":"ready"},{"surface":"vamos","lemma":"ir","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of empezar","gloss":"let's"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of empezar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"empezar","lemma":"empezar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"begin"}]},{"number":121,"label":"50","id":"la-farsa-p50-s1","source":"Un recio mozo que hasta entonces había permanecido callado, intervino en la discusión.","translation":"A burly young man who until then had stayed quiet broke into the discussion.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p50-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of mozo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"recio","lemma":"recio","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies mozo","gloss":"burly"},{"surface":"mozo","lemma":"mozo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of intervino","gloss":"young man"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of permanecido","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"hasta","lemma":"hasta","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking entonces","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"entonces","lemma":"entonces","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies permanecido","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"había","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of permanecido","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"permanecido","lemma":"permanecer","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"clause modifying mozo","gloss":"stayed"},{"surface":"callado","lemma":"callado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of permanecido","gloss":"quiet"},{"surface":"intervino","lemma":"intervenir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"broke in"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking discusión","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of discusión","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"discusión","lemma":"discusión","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of en, modifying intervino","gloss":"discussion"}]},{"number":122,"label":"51","id":"la-farsa-p51-s1","source":"–¿Me permiten ustedes?","translation":"—May I?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p51-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of permiten","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"permiten","lemma":"permitir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"allow"},{"surface":"ustedes","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, plural","role":"subject of permiten","gloss":"you"}]},{"number":123,"label":"52","id":"la-farsa-p52-s1","source":"–Cómo no.","translation":"—Of course.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p52-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Cómo no","title":"«cómo no»","body":"«Cómo no» is a set phrase for an enthusiastic 'of course', 'certainly', 'by all means'. Though it looks like a question, it is an affirmative reply granting permission."}],"words":[{"surface":"Cómo","lemma":"cómo","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"how","note":"'Cómo no' is a set idiom meaning 'of course, certainly' — literally 'how not.'"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Cómo","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":124,"label":"53","id":"la-farsa-p53-s1","source":"–Pues entonces creo que el asunto hay que plantearlo en esta forma: ¿Quieren ustedes o no la revolución?","translation":"—Well then, I think the matter has to be put this way: Do you want the revolution or not?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p53-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pues","lemma":"pues","morphology":"adverb (discourse marker)","role":"discourse marker introducing the sentence","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"entonces","lemma":"entonces","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies creo","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"creo","lemma":"creer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I think"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the complement clause of creo","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of asunto","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"asunto","lemma":"asunto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"topic, resumed by lo in plantearlo","gloss":"matter"},{"surface":"hay","lemma":"haber","morphology":"impersonal verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"head of the impersonal construction hay que (with plantearlo)","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the hay que construction, introduces plantearlo","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"plantearlo","lemma":"plantear","morphology":"verb, infinitive, with attached direct object pronoun (lo)","role":"infinitive complement of hay que","gloss":"put it"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking forma","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"esta","lemma":"este","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of forma","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"forma","lemma":"forma","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of plantearlo","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"Quieren","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the question","gloss":"do... want"},{"surface":"ustedes","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, plural","role":"subject of Quieren","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"o","lemma":"o","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with Quieren (elliptical: o no quieren)","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of revolución","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"revolución","lemma":"revolución","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of Quieren","gloss":"revolution"}]},{"number":125,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p53-s2","source":"Los detalles de organización deben ser posteriores.","translation":"The details of organization must come afterward.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p53-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of detalles","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"detalles","lemma":"detalle","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of posteriores","gloss":"details"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking organización","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"organización","lemma":"organización","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies detalles","gloss":"organization"},{"surface":"deben","lemma":"deber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of posteriores","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"ser","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, infinitive","role":"copula linking to posteriores","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"posteriores","lemma":"posterior","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"afterward"}]},{"number":126,"label":"54","id":"la-farsa-p54-s1","source":"–Eso... eso, son posteriores... si, señor.","translation":"—That… that, those come afterward… yes, sir.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p54-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Eso","lemma":"ese","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"repeats eso, subject of posteriores","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"eso","lemma":"ese","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of posteriores","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"son","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"copula linking to posteriores","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"posteriores","lemma":"posterior","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"afterward"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"sí","morphology":"adverb","role":"affirmative particle, parenthetical","gloss":"yes","note":"Here 'si' is 'sí' (yes) printed without its accent mark, not the conditional 'if.'"},{"surface":"señor","lemma":"señor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"vocative address","gloss":"sir"}]},{"number":127,"label":"55","id":"la-farsa-p55-s1","source":"El desconocido terminó por explicarse:","translation":"The stranger finally explained himself:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p55-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"terminó por explicarse","title":"«terminar por» + infinitive","body":"«Terminar por» plus an infinitive means 'to end up (doing)', 'to finally (do)': «terminó por explicarse» = 'he finally explained himself'. It marks the action as the eventual outcome."}],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of desconocido","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"desconocido","lemma":"desconocido","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular (substantivized adjective)","role":"subject of terminó","gloss":"stranger"},{"surface":"terminó","lemma":"terminar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"ended up","note":"'terminar por + infinitive' means 'to end up doing/finally do something.'"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of explicarse","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"explicarse","lemma":"explicar","morphology":"verb, infinitive, with attached reflexive pronoun (se)","role":"adverbial clause on terminó","gloss":"explaining himself"}]},{"number":128,"label":"56","id":"la-farsa-p56-s1","source":"–Soy amigo del señor Haffner.","translation":"—I am a friend of señor Haffner.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p56-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Soy","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"copula linking to amigo","gloss":"I am"},{"surface":"amigo","lemma":"amigo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"friend"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking señor","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"señor","lemma":"señor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies amigo","gloss":"señor"},{"surface":"Haffner","lemma":"Haffner","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the title señor Haffner","gloss":"Haffner"}]},{"number":129,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p56-s2","source":"Soy abogado.","translation":"I am a lawyer.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p56-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Soy","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"copula linking to abogado","gloss":"I am"},{"surface":"abogado","lemma":"abogado","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"lawyer"}]},{"number":130,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p56-s3","source":"He renunciado a los beneficios que podrían proporcionarme mi profesión por no transigir con el régimen capitalista.","translation":"I have given up the profits my profession could bring me, so as not to compromise with the capitalist system.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p56-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"He renunciado a","title":"«renunciar a»","body":"«Renunciar a» means 'to give up / renounce (something)': «he renunciado a los beneficios» = 'I have given up the profits'. The «a» is obligatory before the thing renounced."}],"words":[{"surface":"He","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of renunciado","gloss":"I have"},{"surface":"renunciado","lemma":"renunciar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"given up"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking beneficios","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of beneficios","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"beneficios","lemma":"beneficio","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of renunciado","gloss":"profits"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of proporcionarme","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"podrían","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, conditional, third-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of proporcionarme","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"proporcionarme","lemma":"proporcionar","morphology":"verb, infinitive, with attached first-person singular pronoun (me)","role":"clause modifying beneficios","gloss":"bring me"},{"surface":"mi","lemma":"mi","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of profesión","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"profesión","lemma":"profesión","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of proporcionarme","gloss":"profession"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of transigir","gloss":"so as"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies transigir","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"transigir","lemma":"transigir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on renunciado","gloss":"compromise"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking régimen","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of régimen","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"régimen","lemma":"régimen","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of preposition con, complement of transigir","gloss":"system"},{"surface":"capitalista","lemma":"capitalista","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies régimen","gloss":"capitalist"}]},{"number":131,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p56-s4","source":"¿Tengo o no derecho a opinar así?","translation":"Do I or do I not have the right to hold such an opinion?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p56-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tengo","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I have"},{"surface":"o","lemma":"o","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with Tengo","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"derecho","lemma":"derecho","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of Tengo","gloss":"right"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of opinar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"opinar","lemma":"opinar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clause modifying derecho","gloss":"think"},{"surface":"así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies opinar","gloss":"this way"}]},{"number":132,"label":"57","id":"la-farsa-p57-s1","source":"–Sí, señor, lo tiene.","translation":"—Yes, sir, you do.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p57-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"lo tiene","title":"Neuter «lo» standing in for a clause","body":"Here «lo» replaces the earlier idea ('the right to opine'): «lo tiene» = 'you have it / you do'. Spanish uses neuter «lo» to echo a whole statement, where English just says 'you do'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Sí","lemma":"sí","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"yes"},{"surface":"señor","lemma":"señor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"vocative address","gloss":"sir"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of tiene","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"tiene","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"have"}]},{"number":133,"label":"58","id":"la-farsa-p58-s1","source":"–Pues entonces aseguro que lo dicho por el Mayor imprime una nueva orientación a nuestra sociedad.","translation":"—Well then, I assure you that what the Major has said gives our society a new direction.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p58-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"lo dicho por el Mayor","title":"«lo» + past participle","body":"«Lo» plus a past participle makes an abstract noun: «lo dicho» = 'what has been said', 'the said'. «Lo dicho por el Mayor» = 'what the Major said'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Pues","lemma":"pues","morphology":"adverb (discourse marker)","role":"discourse marker introducing the sentence","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"entonces","lemma":"entonces","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies aseguro","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"aseguro","lemma":"asegurar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I assure"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of imprime","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"lo","morphology":"neuter article","role":"forms the nominalized phrase lo dicho","gloss":"what","note":"'lo' + participle forms an abstract noun phrase; 'lo dicho' = 'what was said.'"},{"surface":"dicho","lemma":"dicho","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"subject of imprime","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Mayor (introduces the agent of dicho)","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Mayor","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Mayor","lemma":"Mayor","morphology":"proper noun","role":"object of preposition por (agent of dicho)","gloss":"Major"},{"surface":"imprime","lemma":"imprimir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of aseguro","gloss":"gives"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of orientación","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"nueva","lemma":"nuevo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies orientación","gloss":"new"},{"surface":"orientación","lemma":"orientación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of imprime","gloss":"direction"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sociedad","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"nuestra","lemma":"nuestro","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of sociedad","gloss":"our"},{"surface":"sociedad","lemma":"sociedad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"indirect object of imprime (object of preposition a)","gloss":"society"}]},{"number":134,"label":"59","id":"la-farsa-p59-s1","source":"–No –objetó el Buscador de Oro–.","translation":"—No —objected the Gold Seeker—.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p59-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"No","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies objetó","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"objetó","lemma":"objetar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"objected"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Buscador","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Buscador","lemma":"Buscador","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of objetó","gloss":"Seeker"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Oro","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Oro","lemma":"Oro","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name Buscador","gloss":"Gold"}]},{"number":135,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p59-s2","source":"Puede ser la base de ella sin la exclusión de sus otros principios.","translation":"It can be the basis of it without excluding its other principles.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p59-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Puede","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of base","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"ser","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, infinitive","role":"copula linking to base","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of base","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"base","lemma":"base","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"basis"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ella","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"ella","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, feminine, singular","role":"modifies base","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking exclusión","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of exclusión","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"exclusión","lemma":"exclusión","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies base","gloss":"exclusion"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking principios","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of principios","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"otros","lemma":"otro","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"modifies principios","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"principios","lemma":"principio","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies exclusión","gloss":"principles"}]},{"number":136,"label":"60","id":"la-farsa-p60-s1","source":"–Claro.","translation":"—Of course.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p60-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Claro","lemma":"claro","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"of course"}]},{"number":137,"label":"61","id":"la-farsa-p61-s1","source":"–Sí.","translation":"—Yes.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p61-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sí","lemma":"sí","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"yes"}]},{"number":138,"label":"62","id":"la-farsa-p62-s1","source":"La discusión se iba a renovar.","translation":"The argument was about to start up again.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p62-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se iba a renovar","title":"«iba a» + infinitive (was going to)","body":"The imperfect of «ir a» plus an infinitive expresses an action on the point of happening in the past: «se iba a renovar» = 'was about to start up again'. It is the past counterpart of «va a» ('is going to')."}],"words":[{"surface":"La","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of discusión","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"discusión","lemma":"discusión","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of renovar","gloss":"argument"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of renovar","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"iba","lemma":"ir","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of renovar","gloss":"was going"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of renovar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"renovar","lemma":"renovar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"start again"}]},{"number":139,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p62-s2","source":"El Astrólogo se levantó:","translation":"The Astrologer stood up:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p62-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of levantó","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of levantó","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"levantó","lemma":"levantar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stood up"}]},{"number":140,"label":"63","id":"la-farsa-p63-s1","source":"–Señores, discutirán otro día.","translation":"—Gentlemen, you'll argue another day.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p63-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Señores","lemma":"señor","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"vocative, direct address to the listeners","gloss":"Gentlemen"},{"surface":"discutirán","lemma":"discutir","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"you'll argue"},{"surface":"otro","lemma":"otro","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of día","gloss":"another"},{"surface":"día","lemma":"día","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"temporal complement of discutirán","gloss":"day"}]},{"number":141,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p63-s2","source":"Ahora se trata de la organización comercial... no de ideas.","translation":"Right now it's a matter of the commercial organization… not of ideas.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p63-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se trata de","title":"«tratarse de»","body":"Impersonal «tratarse de» means 'to be a matter / question of', 'it is about': «se trata de la organización comercial» = 'it's a matter of the commercial organization'. It has no personal subject."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ahora","lemma":"ahora","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies trata","gloss":"Right now"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, impersonal reflexive","role":"depends on trata","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"trata","lemma":"tratar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is a matter","note":"\"se trata de\" is an impersonal idiom meaning \"it is a matter of / it concerns.\""},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking organización","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of organización","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"organización","lemma":"organización","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of trata","gloss":"organization"},{"surface":"comercial","lemma":"comercial","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies organización","gloss":"commercial"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies trata","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ideas","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"ideas","lemma":"idea","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of trata, parallel to organización","gloss":"ideas"}]},{"number":142,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p63-s3","source":"Por lo tanto suprimiremos todo lo que se aparte de ello.","translation":"Therefore we will set aside everything that strays from that.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p63-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"todo lo que se aparte","title":"Subjunctive after an indefinite antecedent","body":"«Todo lo que…» ('everything that…') pointing to an unspecified set takes the subjunctive: «todo lo que se aparte» = 'whatever strays'. The subjunctive «se aparte» leaves open exactly which things qualify."}],"words":[{"surface":"Por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the idiom por lo tanto, modifying suprimiremos","gloss":"Therefore","note":"\"Por lo tanto\" is a fixed idiom meaning \"therefore\"; the three words are glossed individually but read as one unit."},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"el","morphology":"article, neuter, singular","role":"part of the idiom por lo tanto","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tanto","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the idiom por lo tanto","gloss":"so much"},{"surface":"suprimiremos","lemma":"suprimir","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"we will set aside"},{"surface":"todo","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"quantifies lo (together \"everything that\")","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"el","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of suprimiremos (with todo, antecedent of que)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of aparte","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of aparte","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"aparte","lemma":"apartar","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"verb of the relative clause modifying lo (que se aparte de ello)","gloss":"strays"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ello","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"ello","lemma":"ello","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of aparte","gloss":"that"}]},{"number":143,"label":"64","id":"la-farsa-p64-s1","source":"–Eso es la dictadura –exclamó el abogado.","translation":"—That is dictatorship —exclaimed the lawyer.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p64-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Eso","lemma":"eso","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"That"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to dictadura","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of dictadura","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"dictadura","lemma":"dictadura","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"predicate complement of es","gloss":"dictatorship"},{"surface":"exclamó","lemma":"exclamar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the reporting clause","gloss":"exclaimed"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of abogado","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"abogado","lemma":"abogado","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of exclamó","gloss":"lawyer"}]},{"number":144,"label":"65","id":"la-farsa-p65-s1","source":"El Astrólogo lo miró un momento, luego dijo parsimoniosamente:","translation":"The Astrologer looked at him for a moment, then said unhurriedly:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p65-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"parsimoniosamente","title":"«parsimonioso»","body":"«Parsimonioso» in Spanish means 'unhurried', 'slow and deliberate' — not the English 'parsimonious' (stingy). So «dijo parsimoniosamente» = 'he said unhurriedly', a false friend to watch for."}],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of miró","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of miró","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"miró","lemma":"mirar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"looked at"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of momento","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"momento","lemma":"momento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"temporal complement of miró (duration)","gloss":"moment"},{"surface":"luego","lemma":"luego","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dijo","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"dijo","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated main verb, with miró","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"parsimoniosamente","lemma":"parsimoniosamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dijo","gloss":"unhurriedly"}]},{"number":145,"label":"66","id":"la-farsa-p66-s1","source":"–Usted se siente con pasta de jefe, a lo que creo... Creo que la tiene.","translation":"—You feel you have the makings of a leader, it seems to me… I think you do have it.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p66-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Usted","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, singular","role":"subject of siente","gloss":"You"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of siente","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"siente","lemma":"sentir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"feel"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pasta","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"pasta","lemma":"pasta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of siente","gloss":"the makings","note":"\"Pasta de jefe\" is a colloquial idiom: having the makings/stuff of a leader."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking jefe","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"jefe","lemma":"jefe","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies pasta","gloss":"a leader"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the idiom a lo que creo, modifying siente","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"el","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"part of the relative phrase lo que, object of creo","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"relativizer completing lo que","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"creo","lemma":"creer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"verb of the parenthetical idiom a lo que creo (it seems to me)","gloss":"I believe"},{"surface":"Creo","lemma":"creer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I think"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tiene","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of tiene","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"tiene","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of Creo","gloss":"you do have"}]},{"number":146,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p66-s2","source":"Su deber, si usted es inteligente, es organizar lejos de nosotros otra sociedad.","translation":"Your duty, if you're intelligent, is to organize another society far from us.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p66-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of deber","gloss":"Your"},{"surface":"deber","lemma":"deber","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of the second es (main verb)","gloss":"duty"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of inteligente","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"usted","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, singular","role":"subject of es (copula in the si-clause)","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to inteligente","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"inteligente","lemma":"inteligente","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"predicate complement of es","gloss":"intelligent"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"organizar","lemma":"organizar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of es","gloss":"to organize"},{"surface":"lejos","lemma":"lejos","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies organizar","gloss":"far"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nosotros","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"nosotros","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of lejos","gloss":"us"},{"surface":"otra","lemma":"otro","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of sociedad","gloss":"another"},{"surface":"sociedad","lemma":"sociedad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of organizar","gloss":"society"}]},{"number":147,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p66-s3","source":"Así provocaremos el desmoronamiento de la actual.","translation":"That way we'll bring about the collapse of the present one.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p66-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies provocaremos","gloss":"That way"},{"surface":"provocaremos","lemma":"provocar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"we'll bring about"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of desmoronamiento","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"desmoronamiento","lemma":"desmoronamiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of provocaremos","gloss":"collapse"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking actual","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of actual","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"actual","lemma":"actual","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"oblique complement of de, modifying desmoronamiento","gloss":"present one"}]},{"number":148,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p66-s4","source":"Aquí usted me obedece, o se retira.","translation":"Here you obey me, or you leave.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p66-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Aquí","lemma":"aquí","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies obedece","gloss":"Here"},{"surface":"usted","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, singular","role":"subject of obedece","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of obedece","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"obedece","lemma":"obedecer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"obey"},{"surface":"o","lemma":"o","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of retira","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"retira","lemma":"retirar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with obedece","gloss":"leave"}]},{"number":149,"label":"67","id":"la-farsa-p67-s1","source":"Durante un instante los dos hombres se examinaron; el abogado se levantó, detuvo los ojos en el Astrólogo, se inclinó con una sonrisa de hombre fuerte y salió.","translation":"For an instant the two men examined each other; the lawyer rose, fixed his eyes on the Astrologer, bowed with the smile of a strong man, and walked out.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p67-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"detuvo los ojos","title":"Preterite «detuvo»","body":"«Detuvo» is the irregular preterite of «detener» ('to stop / hold'): «detuvo los ojos en» = 'fixed his eyes on', literally 'stopped his eyes on'. The chain of preterites here («se levantó, detuvo, se inclinó, salió») reports a sequence of completed actions."}],"words":[{"surface":"Durante","lemma":"durante","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking instante","gloss":"For"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of instante","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"instante","lemma":"instante","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of examinaron","gloss":"instant"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of hombres","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"dos","lemma":"dos","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies los","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"hombres","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of examinaron","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reciprocal","role":"reciprocal particle of examinaron","gloss":"each other","note":"Reciprocal \"se\" here (\"examined each other\"), not reflexive."},{"surface":"examinaron","lemma":"examinar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"examined"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of abogado","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"abogado","lemma":"abogado","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of levantó","gloss":"lawyer"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of levantó","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"levantó","lemma":"levantar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb, coordinated with detuvo, inclinó, and salió","gloss":"rose"},{"surface":"detuvo","lemma":"detener","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with levantó","gloss":"fixed"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of ojos","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"ojos","lemma":"ojo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of detuvo","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Astrólogo","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of detuvo","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of inclinó","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"inclinó","lemma":"inclinar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with levantó","gloss":"bowed"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sonrisa","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of sonrisa","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"sonrisa","lemma":"sonrisa","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of inclinó","gloss":"smile"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hombre","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies sonrisa","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"fuerte","lemma":"fuerte","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies hombre","gloss":"strong"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"salió","lemma":"salir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with inclinó","gloss":"walked out"}]},{"number":150,"label":"68","id":"la-farsa-p68-s1","source":"Terminó con el silencio de todos la voz del Mayor, que dijo al Astrólogo:","translation":"The Major's voice ended everyone's silence, saying to the Astrologer:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p68-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Terminó","lemma":"terminar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"ended"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking silencio","gloss":"with","note":"\"Terminar con algo\" is an idiom meaning \"to put an end to / finish off something.\""},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of silencio","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"silencio","lemma":"silencio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of Terminó","gloss":"silence"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking todos","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"todos","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"object of de (w5), modifying silencio (\"everyone's\")","gloss":"everyone's"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of voz","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"voz","lemma":"voz","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of Terminó","gloss":"voice"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Mayor","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"Mayor","lemma":"Mayor","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies voz","gloss":"Major's"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of dijo","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"dijo","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"relative clause modifying voz","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Astrólogo","gloss":"to the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"indirect object of dijo","gloss":"Astrologer"}]},{"number":151,"label":"69","id":"la-farsa-p69-s1","source":"–Ha obrado usted muy bien.","translation":"—You have acted very well.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p69-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ha obrado","title":"«obrar»","body":"«Obrar» means 'to act / behave', 'to proceed': «ha obrado muy bien» = 'you have acted very well'. It is a slightly formal word for conduct, distinct from «trabajar» ('to work at a job')."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ha","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of obrado","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"obrado","lemma":"obrar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"acted"},{"surface":"usted","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, singular","role":"subject of obrado","gloss":"You"},{"surface":"muy","lemma":"mucho","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bien","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"bien","lemma":"bien","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies obrado","gloss":"well"}]},{"number":152,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p69-s2","source":"La disciplina es la base de todo.","translation":"Discipline is the basis of everything.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p69-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"La","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of disciplina","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"disciplina","lemma":"disciplina","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"Discipline"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to base","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of base","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"base","lemma":"base","morphology":"noun, singular","role":"predicate complement of es","gloss":"basis"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking todo","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"todo","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies base","gloss":"everything"}]},{"number":153,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p69-s3","source":"Le escuchamos.","translation":"We're listening to you.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p69-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative (leísta), singular","role":"direct object of escuchamos","gloss":"you","note":"Leísmo: \"le\" stands in as the direct object for \"usted\" here rather than the expected accusative \"lo.\""},{"surface":"escuchamos","lemma":"escuchar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"we're listening"}]},{"number":154,"label":"70","id":"la-farsa-p70-s1","source":"Rombos de sol ponían su mosaico de oro en la tierra negra de la glorieta.","translation":"Diamonds of sunlight laid their golden mosaic on the black earth of the arbor.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p70-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Rombos","lemma":"rombo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of ponían","gloss":"Diamonds"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sol","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"sol","lemma":"sol","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Rombos","gloss":"sunlight"},{"surface":"ponían","lemma":"poner","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"laid"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of mosaico","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"mosaico","lemma":"mosaico","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of ponían","gloss":"mosaic"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking oro","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"oro","lemma":"oro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies mosaico","gloss":"golden"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tierra","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of tierra","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tierra","lemma":"tierra","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of ponían","gloss":"earth"},{"surface":"negra","lemma":"negro","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies tierra","gloss":"black"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking glorieta","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of glorieta","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"glorieta","lemma":"glorieta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies tierra","gloss":"arbor"}]},{"number":155,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p70-s2","source":"A lo lejos sonaba el yunque de una herrería, innumerables pájaros echaban a rodar sus gorjeos entre las ramas.","translation":"In the distance the anvil of a smithy rang out; countless birds set their warbling rolling through the branches.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p70-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"A lo lejos","title":"«a lo lejos»","body":"«A lo lejos» is a fixed phrase meaning 'in the distance', 'far off': «a lo lejos sonaba el yunque» = 'in the distance the anvil rang out'."}],"words":[{"surface":"A","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the idiom a lo lejos (in the distance), modifying sonaba","gloss":"In"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"el","morphology":"article, neuter, singular","role":"part of the phrase a lo lejos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"lejos","lemma":"lejos","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase a lo lejos","gloss":"distance"},{"surface":"sonaba","lemma":"sonar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the first clause, coordinated asyndetically with echaban","gloss":"rang out"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of yunque","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"yunque","lemma":"yunque","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of sonaba","gloss":"anvil"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking herrería","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of herrería","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"herrería","lemma":"herrería","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies yunque","gloss":"smithy"},{"surface":"innumerables","lemma":"innumerable","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies pájaros","gloss":"countless"},{"surface":"pájaros","lemma":"pájaro","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of echaban","gloss":"birds"},{"surface":"echaban","lemma":"echar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the second clause","gloss":"set rolling","note":"\"Echar a + infinitive\" = to set off doing something; here \"echar a rodar\" = to send rolling."},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the idiom echar a rodar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"rodar","lemma":"rodar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of echaban","gloss":"roll"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of gorjeos","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"gorjeos","lemma":"gorjeo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of echaban","gloss":"warbling"},{"surface":"entre","lemma":"entre","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ramas","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of ramas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ramas","lemma":"rama","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of echaban","gloss":"branches"}]},{"number":156,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p70-s3","source":"Erdosain chupaba la flor blanca de la madreselva y el Buscador de Oro, los codos apoyados en las rodillas, miraba atentamente el suelo.","translation":"Erdosain sucked at the white honeysuckle flower, and the Gold Seeker, his elbows propped on his knees, stared intently at the ground.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p70-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"chupaba / miraba","title":"Imperfect for scene-painting","body":"«Chupaba» and «miraba» are imperfects, used to paint an ongoing background scene: 'was sucking', 'was staring'. The imperfect freezes the men in their poses rather than reporting finished acts."}],"words":[{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of chupaba","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"chupaba","lemma":"chupar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sucked at"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of flor","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"flor","lemma":"flor","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of chupaba","gloss":"flower"},{"surface":"blanca","lemma":"blanco","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies flor","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking madreselva","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of madreselva","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"madreselva","lemma":"madreselva","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies flor","gloss":"honeysuckle"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Buscador","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Buscador","lemma":"Buscador","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of miraba","gloss":"Seeker"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Oro","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Oro","lemma":"Oro","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name Buscador de Oro (Gold Seeker)","gloss":"Gold"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of codos","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"codos","lemma":"codo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of the absolute participial phrase (apoyados), describing Buscador","gloss":"elbows"},{"surface":"apoyados","lemma":"apoyado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies codos","gloss":"propped"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rodillas","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of rodillas","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"rodillas","lemma":"rodilla","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of apoyados","gloss":"knees"},{"surface":"miraba","lemma":"mirar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the second clause, coordinated with chupaba","gloss":"stared"},{"surface":"atentamente","lemma":"atentamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies miraba","gloss":"intently"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of suelo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"suelo","lemma":"suelo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of miraba","gloss":"ground"}]},{"number":157,"label":"71","id":"la-farsa-p71-s1","source":"Fumaba el Rufián y Erdosain espiaba el mongólico semblante del Astrólogo, con su guardapolvo gris abotonado hasta la garganta.","translation":"The Ruffian smoked, and Erdosain spied on the Astrologer's Mongol-like face, with his gray dust-coat buttoned up to the throat.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p71-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Fumaba","lemma":"fumar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"smoked"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Rufián","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"Rufián","lemma":"Rufián","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of Fumaba","gloss":"Ruffian"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of espiaba","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"espiaba","lemma":"espiar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with Fumaba","gloss":"spied on"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of semblante","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mongólico","lemma":"mongólico","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies semblante","gloss":"Mongol-like"},{"surface":"semblante","lemma":"semblante","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of espiaba","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Astrólogo","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies semblante","gloss":"Astrologer's"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking guardapolvo","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of guardapolvo","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"guardapolvo","lemma":"guardapolvo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Astrólogo (descriptive phrase)","gloss":"dust-coat"},{"surface":"gris","lemma":"gris","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies guardapolvo","gloss":"gray"},{"surface":"abotonado","lemma":"abotonado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies guardapolvo","gloss":"buttoned"},{"surface":"hasta","lemma":"hasta","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking garganta","gloss":"up to"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of garganta","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"garganta","lemma":"garganta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of abotonado","gloss":"throat"}]},{"number":158,"label":"72","id":"la-farsa-p72-s1","source":"Siguió a estas palabras un silencio molesto.","translation":"An awkward silence followed these words.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p72-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Siguió","lemma":"seguir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"followed"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"personal a marking palabras","gloss":"to","note":"Personal \"a\" marks the direct object here even though \"palabras\" (words) is inanimate — a literary usage."},{"surface":"estas","lemma":"este","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of palabras","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"palabras","lemma":"palabra","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of Siguió (marked with a)","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of silencio","gloss":"An"},{"surface":"silencio","lemma":"silencio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of Siguió","gloss":"silence"},{"surface":"molesto","lemma":"molesto","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies silencio","gloss":"awkward"}]},{"number":159,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p72-s2","source":"¿Qué buscaba ese intruso allí?","translation":"What was that intruder after there?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p72-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of buscaba","gloss":"What"},{"surface":"buscaba","lemma":"buscar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was after"},{"surface":"ese","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of intruso","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"intruso","lemma":"intruso","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of buscaba","gloss":"intruder"},{"surface":"allí","lemma":"allí","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies buscaba","gloss":"there"}]},{"number":160,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p72-s3","source":"Erdosain súbitamente malhumorado se levantó, exclamando:","translation":"Erdosain, suddenly in a bad mood, stood up, exclaiming:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p72-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of levantó","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"súbitamente","lemma":"súbitamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies malhumorado","gloss":"suddenly"},{"surface":"malhumorado","lemma":"malhumorado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Erdosain","gloss":"in a bad mood"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of levantó","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"levantó","lemma":"levantar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stood up"},{"surface":"exclamando","lemma":"exclamar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on levantó","gloss":"exclaiming"}]},{"number":161,"label":"73","id":"la-farsa-p73-s1","source":"–Aquí habrá toda la disciplina que ustedes quieran, pero es absurdo que estemos hablando de dictadura militar.","translation":"—There'll be all the discipline you like here, but it's absurd that we should be talking about military dictatorship.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p73-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"toda la disciplina que ustedes quieran","title":"Subjunctive after an open quantity","body":"When the amount is left open ('all the … you like'), the relative clause is subjunctive: «toda la disciplina que ustedes quieran» = 'all the discipline you may want'. The subjunctive «quieran» refuses to fix the amount."}],"words":[{"surface":"Aquí","lemma":"aquí","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies habrá","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"habrá","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"there'll be"},{"surface":"toda","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of la","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of disciplina","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"disciplina","lemma":"disciplina","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of habrá","gloss":"discipline"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"direct object of quieran","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ustedes","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, plural","role":"subject of quieran","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"quieran","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, plural","role":"clause modifying disciplina","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to absurdo","gloss":"it's"},{"surface":"absurdo","lemma":"absurdo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of es","gloss":"absurd"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the subordinate clause (estemos hablando)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"estemos","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, subjunctive, first-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of hablando","gloss":"we should be"},{"surface":"hablando","lemma":"hablar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"depends on absurdo","gloss":"talking"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dictadura","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"dictadura","lemma":"dictadura","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of hablando (object of de)","gloss":"dictatorship"},{"surface":"militar","lemma":"militar","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies dictadura","gloss":"military"}]},{"number":162,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p73-s2","source":"A nosotros, sólo pueden interesarnos los militares plegándose a un movimiento rojo.","translation":"The military can only interest us by falling in with a red movement.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p73-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"plegándose a","title":"«plegarse a»","body":"Pronominal «plegarse a» means 'to fall in with', 'to go along with', 'to submit to': «plegándose a un movimiento rojo» = 'by falling in with a red movement'. Literally «plegar» is 'to fold'."}],"words":[{"surface":"A","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nosotros","gloss":"To"},{"surface":"nosotros","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, plural","role":"topicalized object, resumed by -nos in interesarnos","gloss":"us"},{"surface":"sólo","lemma":"sólo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies interesarnos","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"pueden","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of interesarnos","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"interesarnos","lemma":"interesar yo","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"interest us"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of militares","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"militares","lemma":"militar","morphology":"noun, plural","role":"subject of interesarnos","gloss":"military"},{"surface":"plegándose","lemma":"plegar él","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on interesarnos","gloss":"by falling in with","note":"\"Plegarse a\" is an idiom meaning \"to fall in / go along with.\""},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking movimiento","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of movimiento","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"movimiento","lemma":"movimiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of plegándose (object of a)","gloss":"movement"},{"surface":"rojo","lemma":"rojo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies movimiento","gloss":"red"}]},{"number":163,"label":"74","id":"la-farsa-p74-s1","source":"El Mayor se incorporó en su asiento y mirando a Erdosain, dijo sonriendo:","translation":"The Major sat up in his seat and, looking at Erdosain, said with a smile:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p74-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Mayor","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"Mayor","lemma":"Mayor","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of incorporó","gloss":"Major"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of incorporó","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"incorporó","lemma":"incorporar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence, coordinated with dijo","gloss":"sat up"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking asiento","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of asiento","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"asiento","lemma":"asiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of incorporó","gloss":"seat"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"mirando","lemma":"mirar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on dijo (while looking)","gloss":"looking"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Erdosain","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of mirando","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"dijo","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"second main verb, coordinated with incorporó","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"sonriendo","lemma":"sonreir","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"complement of dijo","gloss":"with a smile"}]},{"number":164,"label":"75","id":"la-farsa-p75-s1","source":"–¿Entonces reconoce usted que hago bien mi papel?","translation":"—So you admit I play my part well?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p75-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Entonces","lemma":"entonces","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies reconoce","gloss":"So"},{"surface":"reconoce","lemma":"reconocer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"admit"},{"surface":"usted","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, singular","role":"subject of reconoce","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hago","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hago","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"verb of the object clause of reconoce","gloss":"play","note":"\"Hacer un papel\" is an idiom meaning \"to play a part/role.\""},{"surface":"bien","lemma":"bien","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hago","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"mi","lemma":"mi","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of papel","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"papel","lemma":"papel","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of hago","gloss":"part"}]},{"number":165,"label":"76","id":"la-farsa-p76-s1","source":"–¿Papel?...","translation":"—Part?…","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p76-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Papel","lemma":"papel","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the elliptical question","gloss":"Part"}]},{"number":166,"label":"77","id":"la-farsa-p77-s1","source":"–Sí, hombre... yo soy tan Mayor como usted.","translation":"—Yes, man… I'm as much a Major as you are.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p77-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sí","lemma":"sí","morphology":"interjection","role":"interjection, standalone","gloss":"Yes"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"interjection","role":"vocative filler, part of sí hombre","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of soy","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"soy","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"copula linking to Mayor","gloss":"am"},{"surface":"tan","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Mayor","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"Mayor","lemma":"Mayor","morphology":"proper noun","role":"predicate complement of soy","gloss":"a Major"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of usted","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"usted","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, singular","role":"oblique complement of Mayor","gloss":"you"}]},{"number":167,"label":"78","id":"la-farsa-p78-s1","source":"–¿Se dan cuenta ahora ustedes del poder de la mentira? –dijo el Astrólogo–.","translation":"—Do you realize now the power of the lie? —said the Astrologer—.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p78-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se dan cuenta de","title":"«darse cuenta de»","body":"«Darse cuenta de» means 'to realize / notice': «¿se dan cuenta del poder…?» = 'do you realize the power…?'. The «de» is required before the thing realized; without it the meaning changes ('to give account')."}],"words":[{"surface":"Se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of dan cuenta","gloss":"yourselves","note":"Part of the idiom darse cuenta de (\"to realize\")."},{"surface":"dan","lemma":"dar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"realize"},{"surface":"cuenta","lemma":"cuenta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"compound with dan (darse cuenta = to realize)","gloss":"account"},{"surface":"ahora","lemma":"ahora","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dan","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"ustedes","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"subject of dan","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition (contraction of de + el)","role":"preposition marking poder","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"poder","lemma":"poder","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of del, complement of dan cuenta","gloss":"power"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mentira","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mentira","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mentira","lemma":"mentira","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies poder","gloss":"lie"},{"surface":"dijo","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of dijo","gloss":"Astrologer"}]},{"number":168,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p78-s2","source":"Lo he disfrazado a este amigo de militar y ya ustedes mismos creían, a pesar de estar casi en el secreto, que teníamos revolución en el ejército.","translation":"I dressed this friend up as a soldier, and you yourselves already believed, even though you were almost in on the secret, that we had a revolution going in the army.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p78-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"lo he disfrazado de militar","title":"«disfrazar de»","body":"«Disfrazar (a alguien) de» means 'to disguise / dress (someone) up as': «lo he disfrazado de militar» = 'I dressed him up as a soldier'. The redundant «lo… a este amigo» (object pronoun plus full object) is normal River Plate usage."}],"words":[{"surface":"Lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of disfrazado","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"he","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of disfrazado","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"disfrazado","lemma":"disfrazar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"dressed up"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking amigo (personal a)","gloss":"(marks a person)"},{"surface":"este","lemma":"este","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of amigo","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"amigo","lemma":"amigo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of disfrazado","gloss":"friend"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking militar (disguised as ~)","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"militar","lemma":"militar","morphology":"noun, singular","role":"complement of de, describes the disguise","gloss":"soldier"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ya","lemma":"ya","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies creían","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"ustedes","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"subject of creían","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"mismos","lemma":"mismo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"intensifier modifying ustedes (\"yourselves\")","gloss":"yourselves"},{"surface":"creían","lemma":"creer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with disfrazado","gloss":"believed"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the idiom a pesar de, introduces the clause of estar","gloss":"despite"},{"surface":"pesar","lemma":"pesar","morphology":"noun","role":"part of the idiom a pesar de","gloss":"weight","note":"a pesar de = despite/even though (idiom); pesar literally means 'weight.'"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the idiom a pesar de","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"estar","lemma":"estar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"infinitive object of a pesar de, modifies creían","gloss":"being"},{"surface":"casi","lemma":"casi","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies estar","gloss":"almost"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking secreto","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of secreto","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"secreto","lemma":"secreto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of en, complement of estar","gloss":"secret"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of teníamos","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"teníamos","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"clausal complement of creían","gloss":"we had"},{"surface":"revolución","lemma":"revolución","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of teníamos","gloss":"revolution"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ejército","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ejército","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ejército","lemma":"ejército","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of en, modifies revolución","gloss":"army"}]},{"number":169,"label":"79","id":"la-farsa-p79-s1","source":"–¿Entonces?","translation":"—And so?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p79-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Entonces","lemma":"entonces","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"so"}]},{"number":170,"label":"80","id":"la-farsa-p80-s1","source":"–Este no fue nada más que un ensayo... ya que representaremos la comedia en serio algún día.","translation":"—This was nothing more than a rehearsal… since we will stage the farce in earnest one day.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p80-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ensayo / representar la comedia","title":"Theater words turned political","body":"«Ensayo» is a 'rehearsal' and «representar la comedia» is 'to stage the play'. The Astrologer keeps the theater metaphor: the fake Major was a rehearsal for a real seizure of power — a key image in this chapter titled «La farsa», 'The Farce'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Este","lemma":"este","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of fue","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fue (no...más que = nothing but)","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"fue","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking Este to nada","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"nada","lemma":"nada","morphology":"noun","role":"predicate nominative complement of fue","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies nada","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"correlative with más, introduces ensayo","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ensayo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ensayo","lemma":"ensayo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of nada","gloss":"rehearsal"},{"surface":"ya","lemma":"ya","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the idiom ya que, introduces the clause of representaremos","gloss":"since","note":"ya que = since/because (idiom); ya alone usually means 'already.'"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the idiom ya que","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"representaremos","lemma":"representar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"adverbial clause on fue (reason)","gloss":"will stage"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of comedia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"comedia","lemma":"comedia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of representaremos","gloss":"farce"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the idiom en serio, modifies representaremos","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"serio","lemma":"serio","morphology":"noun","role":"part of the idiom en serio (in earnest)","gloss":"earnest","note":"en serio = seriously/in earnest (idiom)."},{"surface":"algún","lemma":"alguno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of día","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"día","lemma":"día","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of representaremos","gloss":"day"}]},{"number":171,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p80-s2","source":"Las palabras resonaron tan amenazadoras que los cuatro hombres se quedaron observando al Mayor, que dijo:","translation":"The words rang out so menacing that the four men sat there watching the Major, who said:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p80-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se quedaron observando","title":"«quedarse» + gerund","body":"«Quedarse» plus a gerund means 'to remain / stay (doing something)': «se quedaron observando» = 'they sat there watching', 'they stayed watching'. It frames the men as held in the act of looking."}],"words":[{"surface":"Las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of palabras","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"palabras","lemma":"palabra","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of resonaron","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"resonaron","lemma":"resonar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"rang out"},{"surface":"tan","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies amenazadoras","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"amenazadoras","lemma":"amenazador","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"adjective complement describing palabras, modifies resonaron","gloss":"menacing"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"correlative with tan, introduces the result clause","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of hombres","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cuatro","lemma":"cuatro","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies los","gloss":"four"},{"surface":"hombres","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of quedaron","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of quedaron","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"quedaron","lemma":"quedar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"verb of the result clause (introduced by que)","gloss":"stayed"},{"surface":"observando","lemma":"observar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"complement of quedaron","gloss":"watching"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition (contraction of a + el)","role":"preposition marking Mayor","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Mayor","lemma":"Mayor","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of observando","gloss":"Major"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of dijo","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"dijo","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying Mayor","gloss":"said"}]},{"number":172,"label":"81","id":"la-farsa-p81-s1","source":"–En realidad no he pasado de sargento –pero el Astrólogo interrumpió sus explicaciones, diciendo:","translation":"—In truth I never got past sergeant —but the Astrologer cut off his explanations, saying:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p81-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"no he pasado de sargento","title":"«pasar de»","body":"«Pasar de» means 'to go beyond / get past (a point)': «no he pasado de sargento» = 'I never rose above sergeant'. The negative caps how far he got."}],"words":[{"surface":"En","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the idiom en realidad, modifies pasado","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"realidad","lemma":"realidad","morphology":"noun","role":"part of the idiom en realidad","gloss":"truth","note":"en realidad = in truth/actually (idiom)."},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies pasado","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"he","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of pasado","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"pasado","lemma":"pasar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"passed","note":"'pasar de' + rank = to get past/rise above that rank (idiom)."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sargento","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"sargento","lemma":"sargento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of de (pasar de = go beyond)","gloss":"sergeant"},{"surface":"pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of interrumpió","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"interrumpió","lemma":"interrumpir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with pasado","gloss":"cut off"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of explicaciones","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"explicaciones","lemma":"explicación","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of interrumpió","gloss":"explanations"},{"surface":"diciendo","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on interrumpió","gloss":"saying"}]},{"number":173,"label":"82","id":"la-farsa-p82-s1","source":"–¿Amigo Haffner, tiene el presupuesto?","translation":"—Friend Haffner, do you have the budget?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p82-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Amigo","lemma":"amigo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"vocative, addressing Haffner","gloss":"Friend"},{"surface":"Haffner","lemma":"Haffner","morphology":"proper noun","role":"in apposition to amigo (name)","gloss":"Haffner"},{"surface":"tiene","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"do you have"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of presupuesto","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"presupuesto","lemma":"presupuesto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of tiene","gloss":"budget"}]},{"number":174,"label":"83","id":"la-farsa-p83-s1","source":"–Sí... aquí está.","translation":"—Yes… here it is.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p83-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sí","lemma":"sí","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"yes"},{"surface":"aquí","lemma":"aquí","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies está","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"está","lemma":"estar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence (aquí está = here it is)","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":175,"label":"84","id":"la-farsa-p84-s1","source":"El Astrólogo hojeó durante unos minutos los pliegos borroneados de cifras y explicó a la concurrencia:","translation":"The Astrologer leafed for a few minutes through the sheets scrawled over with figures and explained to the gathering:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p84-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of hojeó","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"hojeó","lemma":"hojear","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"leafed through"},{"surface":"durante","lemma":"durante","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking minutos","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"unos","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of minutos","gloss":"a few"},{"surface":"minutos","lemma":"minuto","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of hojeó","gloss":"minutes"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of pliegos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"pliegos","lemma":"pliego","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of hojeó","gloss":"sheets"},{"surface":"borroneados","lemma":"borroneado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies pliegos","gloss":"scrawled"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cifras","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"cifras","lemma":"cifra","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"object of de, modifies borroneados","gloss":"figures"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"explicó","lemma":"explicar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with hojeó","gloss":"explained"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking concurrencia","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of concurrencia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"concurrencia","lemma":"concurrencia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of explicó (to whom)","gloss":"gathering"}]},{"number":176,"label":"85","id":"la-farsa-p85-s1","source":"–La base más sólida de la parte económica de nuestra sociedad, son los prostíbulos.","translation":"—The most solid foundation of the economic side of our society is the brothels.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p85-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"La","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of base","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"base","lemma":"base","morphology":"noun, singular","role":"subject of son","gloss":"foundation"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sólida","gloss":"most"},{"surface":"sólida","lemma":"sólido","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies base","gloss":"solid"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking parte","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of parte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"parte","lemma":"parte","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies base","gloss":"side"},{"surface":"económica","lemma":"económico","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies parte","gloss":"economic"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sociedad","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"nuestra","lemma":"nuestro","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of sociedad","gloss":"our"},{"surface":"sociedad","lemma":"sociedad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies parte","gloss":"society"},{"surface":"son","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"copula linking base (subject) to prostíbulos (predicate)","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of prostíbulos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"prostíbulos","lemma":"prostíbulo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"predicate nominative of son","gloss":"brothels"}]},{"number":177,"label":"86","id":"la-farsa-p86-s1","source":"El Astrólogo continuó:","translation":"The Astrologer went on:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p86-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of continuó","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"continuó","lemma":"continuar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went on"}]},{"number":178,"label":"87","id":"la-farsa-p87-s1","source":"–El señor me ha entregado un presupuesto que se refiere a la instalación de un prostíbulo con diez pupilas.","translation":"—The gentleman has handed me a budget for setting up a brothel with ten girls.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p87-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"pupilas","title":"«pupila»","body":"In this context «pupila» means a brothel's house prostitute (a 'boarder' kept by the establishment), not 'pupil' or 'pupil of the eye'. The cold accountancy of the word fits the chapter's clinical budget."}],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of señor","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"señor","lemma":"señor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of entregado","gloss":"gentleman"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of entregado","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of entregado","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"entregado","lemma":"entregar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"handed"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of presupuesto","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"presupuesto","lemma":"presupuesto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of entregado","gloss":"budget"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of refiere","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of refiere","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"refiere","lemma":"referir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying presupuesto","gloss":"refers"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking instalación","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of instalación","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"instalación","lemma":"instalación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of a, complement of refiere","gloss":"setting up"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking prostíbulo","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of prostíbulo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"prostíbulo","lemma":"prostíbulo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies instalación","gloss":"brothel"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pupilas","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"diez","lemma":"diez","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies pupilas","gloss":"ten"},{"surface":"pupilas","lemma":"pupila","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"object of con, modifies prostíbulo","gloss":"girls","note":"'Pupila' is a period euphemism for a woman working in the brothel."}]},{"number":179,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p87-s2","source":"He aquí los gastos a efectuarse.","translation":"Here are the expenses to be incurred.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p87-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"He aquí","title":"«he aquí»","body":"«He aquí» is a fixed presentational phrase meaning 'here is / here are', 'behold': «he aquí los gastos» = 'here are the expenses'. This «he» is not the verb «haber» you conjugate; it only appears in «he aquí / he allí»."}],"words":[{"surface":"He","lemma":"haber","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"fixed expression he aquí (=here is), main verb of the sentence","gloss":"here is","note":"'He aquí' is a fixed literary expression meaning 'here is/behold,' not the ordinary verb haber ('to have')."},{"surface":"aquí","lemma":"aquí","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the fixed expression he aquí","gloss":"(here)"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of gastos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"gastos","lemma":"gasto","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of He","gloss":"expenses"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of efectuarse","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"efectuarse","lemma":"efectuarse","morphology":"verb, infinitive, reflexive","role":"clause modifying gastos","gloss":"be incurred"}]},{"number":180,"label":"88","id":"la-farsa-p88-s1","source":"Y leyó:","translation":"And he read:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p88-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating conjunction, links to previous sentence","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"leyó","lemma":"leer","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"read"}]},{"number":181,"label":"89","id":"la-farsa-p89-s1","source":"–10 Juegos de dormitorio, usados $ 2.000","translation":"—10 bedroom sets, used $2,000","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p89-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Juegos","lemma":"juego","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"sets"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dormitorio","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"dormitorio","lemma":"dormitorio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Juegos","gloss":"bedroom"},{"surface":"usados","lemma":"usado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies Juegos","gloss":"used"}]},{"number":182,"label":"90","id":"la-farsa-p90-s1","source":"–Alquiler de la casa, mensual $400","translation":"—Rent of the house, monthly $400","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p90-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Alquiler","lemma":"alquiler","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"rent"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking casa","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of casa","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"casa","lemma":"casa","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies Alquiler","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"mensual","lemma":"mensual","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Alquiler","gloss":"monthly"}]},{"number":183,"label":"91","id":"la-farsa-p91-s1","source":"–Depósito, tres meses $ 1.200","translation":"—Deposit, three months $1,200","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p91-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Depósito","lemma":"depósito","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"deposit"},{"surface":"tres","lemma":"tres","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies meses","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"meses","lemma":"mes","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies Depósito (duration)","gloss":"months"}]},{"number":184,"label":"92","id":"la-farsa-p92-s1","source":"–Instalación, cocina, baños y bar. $ 2.000","translation":"—Fitting-out, kitchen, baths and bar. $2,000","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p92-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Instalación","lemma":"instalación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"fitting-out"},{"surface":"cocina","lemma":"cocina","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with Instalación","gloss":"kitchen"},{"surface":"baños","lemma":"baño","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with Instalación","gloss":"baths"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bar","lemma":"bar","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with Instalación","gloss":"bar"}]},{"number":185,"label":"93","id":"la-farsa-p93-s1","source":"–Coima mensual al comisario $300","translation":"—Monthly bribe to the police chief $300","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p93-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"coima","title":"«coima»","body":"«Coima» is the River Plate word for a bribe or kickback paid to officials; «coimear» is 'to bribe'. The budget's matter-of-fact line items of «coima» to the police chief, the doctor, and the political boss expose the everyday graft of 1920s Buenos Aires."}],"words":[{"surface":"Coima","lemma":"coima","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"bribe"},{"surface":"mensual","lemma":"mensual","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Coima","gloss":"monthly"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition (contraction of a + el)","role":"preposition marking comisario","gloss":"to the"},{"surface":"comisario","lemma":"comisario","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Coima","gloss":"police chief"}]},{"number":186,"label":"94","id":"la-farsa-p94-s1","source":"–Coima al médico $150","translation":"—Bribe to the doctor $150","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p94-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Coima","lemma":"coima","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"bribe"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition (contraction of a + el)","role":"preposition marking médico","gloss":"to the"},{"surface":"médico","lemma":"médico","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Coima","gloss":"doctor"}]},{"number":187,"label":"95","id":"la-farsa-p95-s1","source":"–Coima al jefe político para la concesión $ 2.000","translation":"—Bribe to the political boss for the license $2,000","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p95-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Coima","lemma":"coima","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"bribe"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition (contraction of a + el)","role":"preposition marking jefe","gloss":"to the"},{"surface":"jefe","lemma":"jefe","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Coima","gloss":"boss"},{"surface":"político","lemma":"político","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies jefe","gloss":"political"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking concesión","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of concesión","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"concesión","lemma":"concesión","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies Coima","gloss":"license"}]},{"number":188,"label":"96","id":"la-farsa-p96-s1","source":"–Impuesto municipal mensual $50","translation":"—Monthly municipal tax $50","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p96-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Impuesto","lemma":"impuesto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"tax"},{"surface":"municipal","lemma":"municipal","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Impuesto","gloss":"municipal"},{"surface":"mensual","lemma":"mensual","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Impuesto","gloss":"monthly"}]},{"number":189,"label":"97","id":"la-farsa-p97-s1","source":"–Piano eléctrico $ 1.500","translation":"—Electric piano $1,500","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p97-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Piano","lemma":"piano","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"piano"},{"surface":"eléctrico","lemma":"eléctrico","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Piano","gloss":"electric"}]},{"number":190,"label":"98","id":"la-farsa-p98-s1","source":"–Gerenta $150","translation":"—Manageress $150","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p98-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Gerenta","title":"«gerenta»","body":"«Gerenta» is the feminine of «gerente» ('manager') — here the woman who runs the house. The explicitly feminine form marks the role as a woman's job within the brothel."}],"words":[{"surface":"Gerenta","lemma":"gerenta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"manageress"}]},{"number":191,"label":"99","id":"la-farsa-p99-s1","source":"–Cocinero $150","translation":"—Cook $150","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p99-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Cocinero","lemma":"cocinero","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"cook"}]},{"number":192,"label":"100","id":"la-farsa-p100-s1","source":"Total: $9.000","translation":"Total: $9,000","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p100-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Total","lemma":"total","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"total"}]},{"number":193,"label":"101","id":"la-farsa-p101-s1","source":"«Cada pupila abona 14 pesos por semana en concepto de gastos de comida y tiene que comprar en la casa, la yerba, azúcar, kerosene, velas, medias, polvos, jabón y perfumes.","translation":"\"Each girl pays 14 pesos a week toward food costs and has to buy from the house her yerba, sugar, kerosene, candles, stockings, powders, soap, and perfumes.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p101-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"en concepto de","title":"«en concepto de»","body":"«En concepto de» is an accounting phrase meaning 'by way of', 'as / under the heading of': «en concepto de gastos de comida» = 'toward food costs', 'for food expenses'. It labels what a payment is for."}],"words":[{"surface":"Cada","lemma":"cada","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of pupila","gloss":"each"},{"surface":"pupila","lemma":"pupila","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of abona","gloss":"girl"},{"surface":"abona","lemma":"abonar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"pays"},{"surface":"pesos","lemma":"peso","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of abona","gloss":"pesos"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking semana","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"semana","lemma":"semana","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies pesos","gloss":"week"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the idiom en concepto de, preposition marking gastos","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"concepto","lemma":"concepto","morphology":"noun","role":"part of the idiom en concepto de","gloss":"concept","note":"en concepto de = in the form of/toward (idiom)."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the idiom en concepto de","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"gastos","lemma":"gasto","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of abona","gloss":"costs"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking comida","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"comida","lemma":"comida","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies gastos","gloss":"food"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tiene","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with abona","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the idiom tiene que (has to)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"comprar","lemma":"comprar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of tiene que","gloss":"buy"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking casa","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of casa","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"casa","lemma":"casa","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of comprar","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of yerba","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"yerba","lemma":"yerba","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of comprar","gloss":"yerba","note":"Yerba (mate) — the tea leaves used to make mate, a staple household purchase."},{"surface":"azúcar","lemma":"azúcar","morphology":"noun, singular","role":"coordinated with yerba (direct object of comprar)","gloss":"sugar"},{"surface":"kerosene","lemma":"kerosene","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with yerba (direct object of comprar)","gloss":"kerosene"},{"surface":"velas","lemma":"vela","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"coordinated with yerba (direct object of comprar)","gloss":"candles"},{"surface":"medias","lemma":"media","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"coordinated with yerba (direct object of comprar)","gloss":"stockings"},{"surface":"polvos","lemma":"polvo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with yerba (direct object of comprar)","gloss":"powders"},{"surface":"jabón","lemma":"jabón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with yerba (direct object of comprar)","gloss":"soap"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"perfumes","lemma":"perfume","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with yerba (direct object of comprar)","gloss":"perfumes"}]},{"number":194,"label":"102","id":"la-farsa-p102-s1","source":"«Fuera de todos gastos podemos contar con una entrada mínima de dos mil quinientos pesos por mes.","translation":"\"After all expenses we can count on a minimum income of two thousand five hundred pesos a month.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p102-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Fuera","lemma":"fuera","morphology":"adverb, part of the phrase fuera de","role":"part of the idiom fuera de, modifies contar","gloss":"after","note":"fuera de = outside of/apart from/after (idiom)."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the idiom fuera de","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"todos","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of gastos","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"gastos","lemma":"gasto","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"object of fuera de","gloss":"expenses"},{"surface":"podemos","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of contar","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"contar","lemma":"contar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"count"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking entrada","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of entrada","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"entrada","lemma":"entrada","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of con (contar con = count on)","gloss":"income"},{"surface":"mínima","lemma":"mínimo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular, superlative","role":"modifies entrada","gloss":"minimum"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pesos","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"dos","lemma":"dos","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies pesos","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"mil","lemma":"mil","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with dos","gloss":"thousand"},{"surface":"quinientos","lemma":"quinientos","morphology":"numeral, masculine, plural","role":"compound with dos","gloss":"five hundred"},{"surface":"pesos","lemma":"peso","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"object of de, modifies entrada","gloss":"pesos"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mes","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"mes","lemma":"mes","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies entrada","gloss":"month"}]},{"number":195,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p102-s2","source":"En cuatro meses hemos recuperado el capital invertido.","translation":"In four months we have recovered the invested capital.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p102-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"En","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking meses","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"cuatro","lemma":"cuatro","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies meses","gloss":"four"},{"surface":"meses","lemma":"mes","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of recuperado","gloss":"months"},{"surface":"hemos","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of recuperado","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"recuperado","lemma":"recuperar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"recovered"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of capital","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"capital","lemma":"capital","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of recuperado","gloss":"capital"},{"surface":"invertido","lemma":"invertido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies capital","gloss":"invested"}]},{"number":196,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p102-s3","source":"Con el cincuenta por ciento de las entradas líquidas instalaremos otros lenocinios, el veinticinco por ciento será destinado a cubrir las deudas, y la otra tercera parte se destinará al sostenimiento de las células.","translation":"With fifty percent of the net takings we will set up other brothels, twenty-five percent will be earmarked to cover debts, and the other third will go to the upkeep of the cells.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p102-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"lenocinios","title":"«lenocinio»","body":"«Lenocinio» is a formal, legalistic word for a brothel (and for the crime of pimping). Arlt swaps it in for «prostíbulo» to give the Astrologer's speech a chillingly bureaucratic register."}],"words":[{"surface":"Con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cincuenta","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cincuenta","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cincuenta","lemma":"cincuenta","morphology":"numeral","role":"oblique complement of instalaremos","gloss":"fifty"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ciento","gloss":"per"},{"surface":"ciento","lemma":"ciento","morphology":"numeral","role":"part of the fixed phrase por ciento","gloss":"hundred"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking entradas","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of entradas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"entradas","lemma":"entrada","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies cincuenta","gloss":"takings"},{"surface":"líquidas","lemma":"líquido","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies entradas","gloss":"net"},{"surface":"instalaremos","lemma":"instalar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"we will set up"},{"surface":"otros","lemma":"otro","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of lenocinios","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"lenocinios","lemma":"lenocinio","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of instalaremos","gloss":"brothels"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of veinticinco","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"veinticinco","lemma":"veinticinco","morphology":"numeral","role":"subject of destinado","gloss":"twenty-five"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ciento","gloss":"per"},{"surface":"ciento","lemma":"ciento","morphology":"numeral","role":"part of the fixed phrase por ciento","gloss":"hundred"},{"surface":"será","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of destinado","gloss":"will be"},{"surface":"destinado","lemma":"destinar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with instalaremos","gloss":"earmarked"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of cubrir","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"cubrir","lemma":"cubrir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of destinado","gloss":"cover"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of deudas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"deudas","lemma":"deuda","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of cubrir","gloss":"debts"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of parte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"otra","lemma":"otro","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"modifies parte","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"tercera","lemma":"tercero","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies parte","gloss":"third"},{"surface":"parte","lemma":"parte","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of destinará","gloss":"part"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of destinará","gloss":"itself","note":"Se here marks a passive/impersonal construction — «se destinará» works like 'will be allotted,' with no stated agent doing the allotting."},{"surface":"destinará","lemma":"destinar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with destinado","gloss":"will go"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sostenimiento","gloss":"to the"},{"surface":"sostenimiento","lemma":"sostenimiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of destinará","gloss":"upkeep"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking células","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of células","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"células","lemma":"célula","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies sostenimiento","gloss":"cells"}]},{"number":197,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p102-s4","source":"¿Se autoriza el gasto de diez mil pesos o no?","translation":"Is the expenditure of ten thousand pesos approved or not?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p102-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of autoriza","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"autoriza","lemma":"autorizar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"approved"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of gasto","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"gasto","lemma":"gasto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of autoriza","gloss":"expenditure"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pesos","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"diez","lemma":"diez","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies pesos","gloss":"ten"},{"surface":"mil","lemma":"mil","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with diez","gloss":"thousand"},{"surface":"pesos","lemma":"peso","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies gasto","gloss":"pesos"},{"surface":"o","lemma":"o","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with autoriza","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":198,"label":"103","id":"la-farsa-p103-s1","source":"Todos inclinaron la cabeza aprobando, menos el Buscador de Oro, que dijo:","translation":"They all bowed their heads in approval, except the Gold Seeker, who said:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p103-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Todos","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of inclinaron","gloss":"everyone"},{"surface":"inclinaron","lemma":"inclinar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"bowed"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cabeza","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cabeza","lemma":"cabeza","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of inclinaron","gloss":"heads"},{"surface":"aprobando","lemma":"aprobar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on inclinaron","gloss":"approving"},{"surface":"menos","lemma":"menos","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Buscador (exception)","gloss":"except"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Buscador","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Buscador","lemma":"Buscador","morphology":"proper noun","role":"complement of menos (exception)","gloss":"Seeker"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Oro","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Oro","lemma":"Oro","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name Buscador","gloss":"Gold"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of dijo","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"dijo","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying Buscador","gloss":"said"}]},{"number":199,"label":"104","id":"la-farsa-p104-s1","source":"–¿Quién es el revisor de cuentas?","translation":"—Who is the auditor of accounts?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p104-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Quién","lemma":"quién","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"Who"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to revisor","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of revisor","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"revisor","lemma":"revisor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"auditor"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cuentas","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"cuentas","lemma":"cuenta","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies revisor","gloss":"accounts"}]},{"number":200,"label":"105","id":"la-farsa-p105-s1","source":"–Se elegirá terminado todo.","translation":"—One will be chosen once everything is finished.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p105-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"terminado todo","title":"Absolute participle","body":"A past participle can open an 'absolute' clause meaning 'once / after (something) is done': «terminado todo» = 'once everything is finished'. The participle «terminado» agrees with «todo» and needs no conjunction."}],"words":[{"surface":"Se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of elegirá","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"elegirá","lemma":"elegir","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"will be chosen"},{"surface":"terminado","lemma":"terminar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"absolute clause modifying elegirá","gloss":"finished","note":"Absolute construction — «terminado todo» means 'once everything is finished,' with the participle placed before its subject."},{"surface":"todo","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of terminado","gloss":"everything"}]},{"number":201,"label":"106","id":"la-farsa-p106-s1","source":"–De acuerdo.","translation":"—Agreed.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p106-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"head of the idiomatic phrase De acuerdo","gloss":"of","note":"«De acuerdo» is a fixed phrase meaning 'agreed / OK' — not literally 'of agreement.'"},{"surface":"acuerdo","lemma":"acuerdo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"part of the phrase De","gloss":"agreement"}]},{"number":202,"label":"107","id":"la-farsa-p107-s1","source":"–¿Usted también, Mayor?","translation":"—You too, Major?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p107-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Usted","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"You"},{"surface":"también","lemma":"también","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Usted","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"Mayor","lemma":"Mayor","morphology":"proper noun","role":"in apposition to Usted","gloss":"Major"}]},{"number":203,"label":"108","id":"la-farsa-p108-s1","source":"–Sí.","translation":"—Yes.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p108-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sí","lemma":"sí","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Yes"}]},{"number":204,"label":"109","id":"la-farsa-p109-s1","source":"Erdosain levantó la cabeza y miró el pálido semblante del pseudo–sargento, cuyos ojos aviesos se habían detenido en una mariposa blanca que movía sus alas en lo verde, y esta vez no pudo menos que decirse cómo era posible que el Astrólogo moviera tales comediantes.","translation":"Erdosain raised his head and looked at the pale face of the pseudo-sergeant, whose sinister eyes had come to rest on a white butterfly fluttering its wings in the greenery, and this time he could not help wondering to himself how it was possible that the Astrologer could maneuver such play-actors.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p109-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"no pudo menos que decirse","title":"«no poder menos que»","body":"«No poder menos que» plus an infinitive means 'cannot help but (do)', 'cannot do otherwise than': «no pudo menos que decirse» = 'he could not help saying to himself'. It expresses an unavoidable reaction."},{"kind":"grammar","term":"cómo era posible que… moviera","title":"Subjunctive after «es posible que»","body":"«Ser posible que» governs the subjunctive: «era posible que… moviera» = 'it was possible that… could maneuver'. The past «era» pulls the subordinate verb into the imperfect subjunctive «moviera»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of levantó","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"levantó","lemma":"levantar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"raised"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cabeza","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cabeza","lemma":"cabeza","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of levantó","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"miró","lemma":"mirar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with levantó","gloss":"looked at"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of semblante","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"pálido","lemma":"pálido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies semblante","gloss":"pale"},{"surface":"semblante","lemma":"semblante","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of miró","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pseudo–sargento","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"pseudo–sargento","lemma":"pseudo–sargento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies semblante","gloss":"pseudo-sergeant"},{"surface":"cuyos","lemma":"cuyo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies ojos","gloss":"whose"},{"surface":"ojos","lemma":"ojo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of detenido","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"aviesos","lemma":"avieso","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies ojos","gloss":"sinister"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of detenido","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"habían","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of detenido","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"detenido","lemma":"detener","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"relative clause modifying pseudo–sargento","gloss":"come to rest"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mariposa","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mariposa","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"mariposa","lemma":"mariposa","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of detenido","gloss":"butterfly"},{"surface":"blanca","lemma":"blanco","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies mariposa","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of movía","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"movía","lemma":"mover","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying mariposa","gloss":"moved"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of alas","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"alas","lemma":"ala","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of movía","gloss":"wings"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking verde","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"lo","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of verde","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"verde","lemma":"verde","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"oblique complement of movía","gloss":"greenery"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"esta","lemma":"este","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of vez","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"vez","lemma":"vez","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of pudo","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies pudo","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"pudo","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of decirse","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"menos","lemma":"menos","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the idiom no ... menos que (could not help)","gloss":"help","note":"«No poder menos que» + infinitive is an idiom meaning 'to not be able to help doing something.'"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of decirse","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"decirse","lemma":"decirse","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of pudo","gloss":"wondering to himself"},{"surface":"cómo","lemma":"cómo","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of posible","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"era","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to posible","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"posible","lemma":"posible","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"clausal complement of decirse","gloss":"possible"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of moviera","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of moviera","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"moviera","lemma":"mover","morphology":"verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"depends on posible","gloss":"could maneuver"},{"surface":"tales","lemma":"tal","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of comediantes","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"comediantes","lemma":"comediante","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of moviera","gloss":"play-actors"}]},{"number":205,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p109-s2","source":"Pero el Astrólogo lo interpretaba:","translation":"But the Astrologer read his thoughts:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p109-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies interpretaba","gloss":"But"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of interpretaba","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of interpretaba","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"interpretaba","lemma":"interpretar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"read"}]},{"number":206,"label":"110","id":"la-farsa-p110-s1","source":"–Usted, señor Erdosain, ¿cuánto necesita para instalar el taller de galvanoplastia?","translation":"—You, señor Erdosain, how much do you need to set up the electroplating workshop?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p110-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Usted","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of necesita","gloss":"You"},{"surface":"señor","lemma":"señor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition to Usted","gloss":"señor"},{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name señor","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"cuánto","lemma":"cuánto","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of necesita","gloss":"how much"},{"surface":"necesita","lemma":"necesitar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"need"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of instalar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"instalar","lemma":"instalar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on necesita","gloss":"set up"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of taller","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"taller","lemma":"taller","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of instalar","gloss":"workshop"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking galvanoplastia","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"galvanoplastia","lemma":"galvanoplastia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies taller","gloss":"electroplating"}]},{"number":207,"label":"111","id":"la-farsa-p111-s1","source":"–Mil pesos.","translation":"—A thousand pesos.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p111-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Mil","lemma":"mil","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies pesos","gloss":"a thousand"},{"surface":"pesos","lemma":"peso","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"pesos"}]},{"number":208,"label":"112","id":"la-farsa-p112-s1","source":"–¡Ah! ¿Usted es el inventor de la rosa de cobre? –le dijo el Mayor.","translation":"—Ah! You're the inventor of the copper rose? —the Major said to him.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p112-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ah","lemma":"Ah","morphology":"interjection","role":"stands alone as an exclamation","gloss":"Ah"},{"surface":"Usted","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"You"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to inventor","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of inventor","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"inventor","lemma":"inventor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"inventor"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rosa","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of rosa","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"rosa","lemma":"rosa","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies inventor","gloss":"rose"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cobre","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"cobre","lemma":"cobre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies rosa","gloss":"copper"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of dijo","gloss":"to him"},{"surface":"dijo","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Mayor","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Mayor","lemma":"Mayor","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of dijo","gloss":"Major"}]},{"number":209,"label":"113","id":"la-farsa-p113-s1","source":"–Sí.","translation":"—Yes.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p113-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sí","lemma":"sí","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Yes"}]},{"number":210,"label":"114","id":"la-farsa-p114-s1","source":"–Lo felicito.","translation":"—Congratulations.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p114-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of felicito","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"felicito","lemma":"felicitar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"congratulate","note":"«Lo felicito» literally means 'I congratulate him'; used idiomatically as 'Congratulations.'"}]},{"number":211,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p114-s2","source":"Yo creo que la venta tendrá éxito.","translation":"I think the sales will be a success.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p114-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of creo","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"creo","lemma":"creer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"think"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tendrá","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of venta","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"venta","lemma":"venta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of tendrá","gloss":"sale"},{"surface":"tendrá","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of creo","gloss":"will have"},{"surface":"éxito","lemma":"éxito","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of tendrá","gloss":"success"}]},{"number":212,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p114-s3","source":"Naturalmente hay que metalizar flores en gran cantidad.","translation":"Naturally one has to metal-plate flowers in great quantity.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p114-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Naturalmente","lemma":"naturalmente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hay","gloss":"Naturally"},{"surface":"hay","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"has","note":"«Hay que» + infinitive is an impersonal idiom meaning 'one has to / it's necessary to.'"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the idiom hay que + infinitive","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"metalizar","lemma":"metalizar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of hay que","gloss":"metal-plate"},{"surface":"flores","lemma":"flor","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of metalizar","gloss":"flowers"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cantidad","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"gran","lemma":"gran","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies cantidad","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"cantidad","lemma":"cantidad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of metalizar","gloss":"quantity"}]},{"number":213,"label":"115","id":"la-farsa-p115-s1","source":"–Así, es.","translation":"—That's right.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p115-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies es","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":214,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p115-s2","source":"Yo he pensado agregar el ramo de fotografía.","translation":"I've thought of adding a photography line.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p115-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"el ramo de","title":"«ramo»","body":"«Ramo» literally means 'branch / bough', but in business it means a 'line' or 'branch of trade': «el ramo de fotografía» = 'the photography line'. (The same «ramo» also means a 'bunch / bouquet' of flowers.)"}],"words":[{"surface":"Yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of pensado","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"he","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of pensado","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"pensado","lemma":"pensar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"agregar","lemma":"agregar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of pensado","gloss":"adding"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ramo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ramo","lemma":"ramo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of agregar","gloss":"line"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fotografía","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"fotografía","lemma":"fotografía","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies ramo","gloss":"photography"}]},{"number":215,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p115-s3","source":"Salvaría los gastos del taller.","translation":"It would cover the workshop's costs.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p115-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Salvaría","lemma":"salvar","morphology":"verb, conditional, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"would cover"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of gastos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"gastos","lemma":"gasto","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of Salvaría","gloss":"costs"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking taller","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"taller","lemma":"taller","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies gastos","gloss":"workshop"}]},{"number":216,"label":"116","id":"la-farsa-p116-s1","source":"–Eso queda a su criterio.","translation":"—That is left to your judgment.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p116-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Eso","lemma":"ese","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of queda","gloss":"That"},{"surface":"queda","lemma":"quedar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is left"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking criterio","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of criterio","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"criterio","lemma":"criterio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of queda","gloss":"judgment"}]},{"number":217,"label":"117","id":"la-farsa-p117-s1","source":"–Además, yo cuento ya con un práctico amigo mío para la galvanoplastia –al decir esto pensaba en la familia Espila, que bien podía ingresar en la sociedad secreta, mas el Astrólogo interrumpió sus reflexiones, diciendo:","translation":"—Besides, I already have a skilled friend of mine lined up for the electroplating —as he said this he was thinking of the Espila family, who could well join the secret society, but the Astrologer cut off his musings, saying:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p117-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"al decir esto","title":"«al» + infinitive (simultaneity)","body":"«Al» plus an infinitive can mark a simultaneous action: «al decir esto pensaba…» = 'as he said this, he was thinking…'. Here it pins one action to the moment of another."}],"words":[{"surface":"Además","lemma":"además","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies cuento","gloss":"Besides"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of cuento","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"cuento","lemma":"contar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"have","note":"«Contar con» means 'to have available / to count on.'"},{"surface":"ya","lemma":"ya","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies cuento","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking amigo","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of amigo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"práctico","lemma":"práctico","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies amigo","gloss":"skilled"},{"surface":"amigo","lemma":"amigo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of cuento","gloss":"friend"},{"surface":"mío","lemma":"mío","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"depends on amigo","gloss":"of mine"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking galvanoplastia","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of galvanoplastia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"galvanoplastia","lemma":"galvanoplastia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies amigo","gloss":"electroplating"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking decir","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"decir","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on pensaba","gloss":"saying"},{"surface":"esto","lemma":"este","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of decir","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"pensaba","lemma":"pensar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the clause","gloss":"was thinking"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking familia","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of familia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"familia","lemma":"familia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of pensaba","gloss":"family"},{"surface":"Espila","lemma":"Espila","morphology":"proper noun","role":"in apposition to familia","gloss":"Espila"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of podía (refers to familia)","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"bien","lemma":"bien","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies podía","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"podía","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of ingresar","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"ingresar","lemma":"ingresar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of podía","gloss":"join"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sociedad","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of sociedad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sociedad","lemma":"sociedad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of ingresar","gloss":"society"},{"surface":"secreta","lemma":"secreto","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies sociedad","gloss":"secret"},{"surface":"mas","lemma":"mas","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of interrumpió","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"interrumpió","lemma":"interrumpir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with pensaba","gloss":"cut off"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of reflexiones","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"reflexiones","lemma":"reflexión","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of interrumpió","gloss":"musings"},{"surface":"diciendo","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on interrumpió","gloss":"saying"}]},{"number":218,"label":"118","id":"la-farsa-p118-s1","source":"–El Buscador de Oro nos va a dar noticias de la zona donde pensamos instalar nuestra colonia –y ésta se levantó.","translation":"—The Gold Seeker is going to give us news of the area where we plan to set up our colony —and he rose to his feet.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p118-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Buscador","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"Buscador","lemma":"Buscador","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of dar","gloss":"Seeker"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Oro","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Oro","lemma":"Oro","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name Buscador","gloss":"Gold"},{"surface":"nos","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, plural","role":"indirect object of dar","gloss":"us"},{"surface":"va","lemma":"ir","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of dar","gloss":"is going"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of dar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"dar","lemma":"dar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"give"},{"surface":"noticias","lemma":"noticia","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of dar","gloss":"news"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking zona","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of zona","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"zona","lemma":"zona","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies noticias","gloss":"area"},{"surface":"donde","lemma":"donde","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of instalar","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"pensamos","lemma":"pensar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"clause modifying zona","gloss":"we plan"},{"surface":"instalar","lemma":"instalar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of pensamos","gloss":"set up"},{"surface":"nuestra","lemma":"nuestro","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of colonia","gloss":"our"},{"surface":"colonia","lemma":"colonia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of instalar","gloss":"colony"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ésta","lemma":"este","morphology":"pronoun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of levantó","gloss":"he","note":"«Ésta» (grammatically feminine 'this one') refers back to the person who was speaking; rendered as 'he' from context."},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of levantó","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"levantó","lemma":"levantar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with interrumpió","gloss":"rose"}]},{"number":219,"label":"119","id":"la-farsa-p119-s1","source":"Erdosain se asombró al considerar el físico del otro.","translation":"Erdosain was astonished when he took in the other man's build.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p119-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of asombró","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of asombró","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"asombró","lemma":"asombrar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was astonished"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking considerar","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"considerar","lemma":"considerar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on asombró","gloss":"taking in"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of físico","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"físico","lemma":"físico","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of considerar","gloss":"build"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking otro","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"otro","lemma":"otro","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies físico","gloss":"other man"}]},{"number":220,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p119-s2","source":"Se había imaginado a éste de acuerdo a los cánones de la cinematografía, un hombre enorme, de barbazas rubias apestando a bebidas.","translation":"He had pictured him according to the conventions of the movies — a huge man, with a great blond beard, reeking of drink.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p119-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of imaginado","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"había","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of imaginado","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"imaginado","lemma":"imaginar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"pictured"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"marks éste as a personal direct object","gloss":"(object marker)"},{"surface":"éste","lemma":"este","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of imaginado","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cánones","gloss":"according","note":"«De acuerdo a» is a fixed phrase meaning 'according to.'"},{"surface":"acuerdo","lemma":"acuerdo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"part of the phrase de","gloss":"(agreement)"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase de","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of cánones","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cánones","lemma":"canon","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of imaginado","gloss":"conventions"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cinematografía","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cinematografía","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cinematografía","lemma":"cinematografía","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies cánones","gloss":"movies"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hombre","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition to éste","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"enorme","lemma":"enorme","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies hombre","gloss":"huge"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking barbazas","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"barbazas","lemma":"barbaza","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies hombre","gloss":"great beard"},{"surface":"rubias","lemma":"rubio","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies barbazas","gloss":"blond"},{"surface":"apestando","lemma":"apestar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"clause modifying hombre","gloss":"reeking"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bebidas","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"bebidas","lemma":"bebida","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of apestando","gloss":"drink"}]},{"number":221,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p119-s3","source":"No había tal cosa.","translation":"There was no such thing.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p119-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"No","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies había","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"había","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"tal","lemma":"tal","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of cosa","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"cosa","lemma":"cosa","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of había","gloss":"thing"}]},{"number":222,"label":"120","id":"la-farsa-p120-s1","source":"El Buscador de Oro era un joven de su edad, la piel pegada sobre los huesos planos del rostro y palidísima, y renegridos ojos vivaces.","translation":"The Gold Seeker was a young man his own age, the skin drawn tight and very pale over the flat bones of his face, and quick, jet-black eyes.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p120-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"palidísima","title":"Absolute superlative «-ísimo»","body":"The suffix «-ísimo/-a» makes an absolute superlative, 'extremely / very': «palidísima» = 'extremely pale'. It intensifies the adjective without comparing it to anything."}],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Buscador","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"Buscador","lemma":"Buscador","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of era","gloss":"Seeker"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Oro","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Oro","lemma":"Oro","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name Buscador","gloss":"Gold"},{"surface":"era","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to joven","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of joven","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"joven","lemma":"joven","morphology":"noun, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"young man"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking edad","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of edad","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"edad","lemma":"edad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies joven","gloss":"age"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of piel","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"piel","lemma":"piel","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"in apposition to joven","gloss":"skin"},{"surface":"pegada","lemma":"pegado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies piel","gloss":"drawn tight"},{"surface":"sobre","lemma":"sobre","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking huesos","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of huesos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"huesos","lemma":"hueso","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of pegada","gloss":"bones"},{"surface":"planos","lemma":"plano","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies huesos","gloss":"flat"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rostro","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"rostro","lemma":"rostro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies huesos","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"palidísima","lemma":"pálido","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular, superlative","role":"coordinated with pegada","gloss":"very pale"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"renegridos","lemma":"renegrido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies ojos","gloss":"jet-black"},{"surface":"ojos","lemma":"ojo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with piel","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"vivaces","lemma":"vivaz","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies ojos","gloss":"quick"}]},{"number":223,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p120-s2","source":"La enorme caja toráxica parecía pertenecer a un hombre dos veces más desarrollado que él.","translation":"The enormous ribcage seemed to belong to a man twice as developed as he was.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p120-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"La","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of caja","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"enorme","lemma":"enorme","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies caja","gloss":"enormous"},{"surface":"caja","lemma":"caja","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of parecía","gloss":"box"},{"surface":"toráxica","lemma":"toráxico","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies caja","gloss":"thoracic","note":"caja toráxica together means 'ribcage.'"},{"surface":"parecía","lemma":"parecer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"seemed"},{"surface":"pertenecer","lemma":"pertenecer","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of parecía","gloss":"to belong"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hombre","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hombre","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of pertenecer","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"dos","lemma":"dos","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies veces","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"veces","lemma":"vez","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of desarrollado","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies desarrollado","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"desarrollado","lemma":"desarrollado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies hombre","gloss":"developed"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of él","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of desarrollado","gloss":"he"}]},{"number":224,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p120-s3","source":"Las piernas eran finas y arqueadas.","translation":"The legs were thin and bowed.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p120-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of piernas","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"piernas","lemma":"pierna","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of eran","gloss":"legs"},{"surface":"eran","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"copula linking to finas","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"finas","lemma":"fino","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"thin"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"arqueadas","lemma":"arqueado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"coordinated with finas","gloss":"bowed"}]},{"number":225,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p120-s4","source":"Entre el cinto de cuero y el paño del pantalón se le veía el cabo de un revólver.","translation":"Between the leather belt and the cloth of his trousers the butt of a revolver could be seen.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p120-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Entre","lemma":"entre","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cinto","gloss":"Between"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cinto","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cinto","lemma":"cinto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of veía","gloss":"belt"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cuero","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"cuero","lemma":"cuero","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies cinto","gloss":"leather"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of paño","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"paño","lemma":"paño","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with cinto","gloss":"cloth"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pantalón","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"pantalón","lemma":"pantalón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies paño","gloss":"trousers"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of veía","gloss":"marks passive","note":"se le veía is an impersonal passive: 'could be seen (on him).'"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of veía","gloss":"on him"},{"surface":"veía","lemma":"ver","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"could be seen"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cabo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cabo","lemma":"cabo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of veía","gloss":"butt"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking revólver","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of revólver","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"revólver","lemma":"revólver","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of veía","gloss":"revolver"}]},{"number":226,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p120-s5","source":"Tenía la voz clara, pero en él todo revestía un continente extraño, como si el sujeto estuviera compuesto de diferentes piezas humanas correspondientes a hombres de distintos estados.","translation":"His voice was clear, but in him everything took on a strange bearing, as if the man were assembled out of different human parts belonging to men of different conditions.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p120-s5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"como si… estuviera","title":"«como si» + imperfect subjunctive","body":"«Como si» ('as if') always takes the imperfect (or pluperfect) subjunctive: «como si el sujeto estuviera compuesto» = 'as if the man were assembled'. It frames the comparison as contrary to fact."}],"words":[{"surface":"Tenía","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of voz","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"voz","lemma":"voz","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of Tenía","gloss":"voice"},{"surface":"clara","lemma":"claro","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies voz","gloss":"clear"},{"surface":"pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking él","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of revestía","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"todo","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of revestía","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"revestía","lemma":"revestir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with Tenía","gloss":"took on"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of continente","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"continente","lemma":"continente","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of revestía","gloss":"bearing"},{"surface":"extraño","lemma":"extraño","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies continente","gloss":"strange"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of compuesto","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of compuesto","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of sujeto","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sujeto","lemma":"sujeto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of compuesto","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"estuviera","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to compuesto","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"compuesto","lemma":"componer","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"adverbial clause on revestía","gloss":"assembled"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking piezas","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"diferentes","lemma":"diferente","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of piezas","gloss":"different"},{"surface":"piezas","lemma":"pieza","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of compuesto","gloss":"parts"},{"surface":"humanas","lemma":"humano","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies piezas","gloss":"human"},{"surface":"correspondientes","lemma":"correspondiente","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies piezas","gloss":"belonging"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hombres","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"hombres","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies correspondientes","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking estados","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"distintos","lemma":"distinto","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of estados","gloss":"different"},{"surface":"estados","lemma":"estado","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies hombres","gloss":"conditions"}]},{"number":227,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p120-s6","source":"Así, su cara era la de un hombre de tapete acostumbrado a bizquear tras de los naipes, su pecho el de un boxeador y las piernas pertenecientes a un jockey.","translation":"Thus his face was that of a gambling man used to squinting over his cards, his chest that of a boxer, and his legs those of a jockey.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p120-s6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"hombre de tapete","title":"«hombre de tapete»","body":"The «tapete» is the baize-covered gaming table, so «hombre de tapete» is a gambler, a card-table man. The phrase paints the Gold Seeker as a creature of cards and chance."}],"words":[{"surface":"Así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies era","gloss":"Thus"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of cara","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"cara","lemma":"cara","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of era","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"era","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to la","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hombre","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hombre","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies la","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tapete","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"tapete","lemma":"tapete","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies hombre","gloss":"gambling","note":"hombre de tapete is an idiom for a gambling/card-playing man (tapete = the card table's felt)."},{"surface":"acostumbrado","lemma":"acostumbrado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies hombre","gloss":"used to"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of bizquear","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"bizquear","lemma":"bizquear","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of acostumbrado","gloss":"squinting"},{"surface":"tras","lemma":"tras","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking naipes","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase tras","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of naipes","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"naipes","lemma":"naipe","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of acostumbrado","gloss":"cards"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of pecho","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"pecho","lemma":"pecho","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with cara","gloss":"chest"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking el","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of boxeador","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"boxeador","lemma":"boxeador","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies el","gloss":"boxer"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of piernas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"piernas","lemma":"pierna","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"coordinated with cara and pecho","gloss":"legs"},{"surface":"pertenecientes","lemma":"perteneciente","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies piernas","gloss":"belonging"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking jockey","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of jockey","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"jockey","lemma":"jockey","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies pertenecientes","gloss":"jockey"}]},{"number":228,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p120-s7","source":"Y él tenía un poco de ese amasijo, en aquella realidad informe que trascendía de su cuerpo.","translation":"And he had a little of that jumble in him, in the shapeless reality that emanated from his body.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p120-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links to the previous sentence","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, singular","role":"subject of tenía","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"tenía","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of poco","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"poco","lemma":"poco","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of tenía","gloss":"little"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking amasijo","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"ese","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of amasijo","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"amasijo","lemma":"amasijo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies poco","gloss":"jumble"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking realidad","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"aquella","lemma":"aquel","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of realidad","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"realidad","lemma":"realidad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of tenía","gloss":"reality"},{"surface":"informe","lemma":"informe","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies realidad","gloss":"shapeless"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of trascendía","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"trascendía","lemma":"trascender","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"relative clause modifying realidad","gloss":"emanated"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cuerpo","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of cuerpo","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"cuerpo","lemma":"cuerpo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of trascendía","gloss":"body"}]},{"number":229,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p120-s8","source":"Hasta los catorce años había vivido en el campo, luego mató a tiros a un ladrón, y más tarde el miedo a la tuberculosis lo arrojó nuevamente a la llanura y había galopado días y noches extensiones increíbles.","translation":"Until the age of fourteen he had lived in the countryside, then he shot a thief dead, and later the fear of tuberculosis flung him out onto the plains again, and he had galloped over incredible distances for days and nights.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p120-s8.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"mató a tiros","title":"«matar a tiros»","body":"«Matar a tiros» means 'to shoot dead', 'to kill with gunshots': «mató a tiros a un ladrón» = 'he shot a thief dead'. The «a + (means)» pattern names the manner — compare «a golpes» ('by beating')."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hasta","lemma":"hasta","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking años","gloss":"Until"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of años","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"catorce","lemma":"catorce","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies los","gloss":"fourteen"},{"surface":"años","lemma":"año","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of vivido","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"había","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of vivido","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"vivido","lemma":"vivir","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lived"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking campo","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of campo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"campo","lemma":"campo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of vivido","gloss":"countryside"},{"surface":"luego","lemma":"luego","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies mató","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"mató","lemma":"matar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with vivido","gloss":"killed"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tiros","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"tiros","lemma":"tiro","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of mató","gloss":"shots"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ladrón","gloss":"[marks object]","note":"This is the 'personal a', required before a human direct object; it has no separate translation."},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ladrón","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ladrón","lemma":"ladrón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of mató","gloss":"thief"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tarde","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"tarde","lemma":"tarde","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies miedo","gloss":"late","note":"más tarde together means 'later.'"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of miedo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"miedo","lemma":"miedo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of arrojó","gloss":"fear"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tuberculosis","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of tuberculosis","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tuberculosis","lemma":"tuberculosis","morphology":"noun, feminine","role":"modifies miedo","gloss":"tuberculosis"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of arrojó","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"arrojó","lemma":"arrojar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with mató","gloss":"flung"},{"surface":"nuevamente","lemma":"nuevamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies arrojó","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking llanura","gloss":"onto"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of llanura","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"llanura","lemma":"llanura","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of arrojó","gloss":"plains"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"había","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of galopado","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"galopado","lemma":"galopar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with arrojó","gloss":"galloped"},{"surface":"días","lemma":"día","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"adverbial complement of galopado","gloss":"days"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"noches","lemma":"noche","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"coordinated with días","gloss":"nights"},{"surface":"extensiones","lemma":"extensión","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of galopado","gloss":"distances"},{"surface":"increíbles","lemma":"increíble","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies extensiones","gloss":"incredible"}]},{"number":230,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p120-s9","source":"Erdosain simpatizó con él inmediatamente de conocerle.","translation":"Erdosain took to him the moment he met him.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p120-s9.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"simpatizó con","title":"«simpatizar con»","body":"«Simpatizar con» means 'to take a liking to', 'to hit it off with' — not 'to sympathize'. «Simpatizó con él» = 'he took to him'. A common false friend."}],"words":[{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of simpatizó","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"simpatizó","lemma":"simpatizar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"took to"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking él","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of simpatizó","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"inmediatamente","lemma":"inmediatamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies simpatizó","gloss":"immediately"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of conocerle","gloss":"upon","note":"inmediatamente de + infinitive is a regional turn for 'as soon as/the moment (he) did.'"},{"surface":"conocerle","lemma":"conocer él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on inmediatamente","gloss":"meeting him"}]},{"number":231,"label":"121","id":"la-farsa-p121-s1","source":"El Buscador de Oro desenvolvió unas piedras.","translation":"The Gold Seeker unwrapped some stones.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p121-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Buscador","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"Buscador","lemma":"Buscador","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of desenvolvió","gloss":"Seeker"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Oro","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Oro","lemma":"Oro","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name Buscador","gloss":"Gold"},{"surface":"desenvolvió","lemma":"desenvolver","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"unwrapped"},{"surface":"unas","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of piedras","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"piedras","lemma":"piedra","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of desenvolvió","gloss":"stones"}]},{"number":232,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p121-s2","source":"Eran trozos de cuarzo aurífero.","translation":"They were pieces of gold-bearing quartz.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p121-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Eran","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"copula linking to trozos","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"trozos","lemma":"trozo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"pieces"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cuarzo","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"cuarzo","lemma":"cuarzo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies trozos","gloss":"quartz"},{"surface":"aurífero","lemma":"aurífero","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies cuarzo","gloss":"gold-bearing"}]},{"number":233,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p121-s3","source":"Luego dijo:","translation":"Then he said:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p121-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Luego","lemma":"luego","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dijo","gloss":"Then"},{"surface":"dijo","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"}]},{"number":234,"label":"122","id":"la-farsa-p122-s1","source":"–Aquí tienen el certificado de análisis de la Dirección de Minas e Hidrología.","translation":"—Here you have the assay certificate from the Bureau of Mines and Hydrology.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p122-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Minas e Hidrología","title":"«e» instead of «y»","body":"Before a word beginning with an «i» sound, 'and' becomes «e» instead of «y», to avoid two i-sounds colliding: «Minas e Hidrología» (the «h» is silent). The same happens with «o» → «u» before an «o» sound."}],"words":[{"surface":"Aquí","lemma":"aquí","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tienen","gloss":"Here"},{"surface":"tienen","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"you have"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of certificado","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"certificado","lemma":"certificado","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of tienen","gloss":"certificate"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking análisis","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"análisis","lemma":"análisis","morphology":"noun, masculine","role":"modifies certificado","gloss":"assay"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dirección","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of Dirección","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Dirección","lemma":"Dirección","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies certificado","gloss":"Bureau"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Minas","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Minas","lemma":"Minas","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name Dirección","gloss":"Mines"},{"surface":"e","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Hidrología","lemma":"Hidrología","morphology":"proper noun","role":"coordinated with Minas","gloss":"Hydrology"}]},{"number":235,"label":"123","id":"la-farsa-p123-s1","source":"Las piedras pasaron rápidamente de mano en mano.","translation":"The stones passed quickly from hand to hand.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p123-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of piedras","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"piedras","lemma":"piedra","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of pasaron","gloss":"stones"},{"surface":"pasaron","lemma":"pasar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"passed"},{"surface":"rápidamente","lemma":"rápidamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies pasaron","gloss":"quickly"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mano","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"mano","lemma":"mano","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of pasaron","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mano","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"mano","lemma":"mano","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"compound with mano","gloss":"hand"}]},{"number":236,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p123-s2","source":"Los ojos afirmaban una voracidad extraordinaria y las yemas de los dedos rozaban con delectación el cuarzo con escamas y compactos injertos de oro.","translation":"The eyes betrayed an extraordinary greed, and the fingertips brushed with delight against the quartz with its flakes and compact veins of gold.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p123-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of ojos","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"ojos","lemma":"ojo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of afirmaban","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"afirmaban","lemma":"afirmar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"betrayed"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of voracidad","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"voracidad","lemma":"voracidad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of afirmaban","gloss":"greed"},{"surface":"extraordinaria","lemma":"extraordinario","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies voracidad","gloss":"extraordinary"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of yemas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"yemas","lemma":"yema","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of rozaban","gloss":"tips"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dedos","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of dedos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"dedos","lemma":"dedo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies yemas","gloss":"fingers"},{"surface":"rozaban","lemma":"rozar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with afirmaban","gloss":"brushed"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking delectación","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"delectación","lemma":"delectación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of rozaban","gloss":"delight"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cuarzo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cuarzo","lemma":"cuarzo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of rozaban","gloss":"quartz"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking escamas","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"escamas","lemma":"escama","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies cuarzo","gloss":"flakes"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"compactos","lemma":"compacto","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies injertos","gloss":"compact"},{"surface":"injertos","lemma":"injerto","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with escamas","gloss":"veins"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking oro","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"oro","lemma":"oro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies injertos","gloss":"gold"}]},{"number":237,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p123-s3","source":"El Astrólogo, liando lentamente un cigarrillo, observaba todos los semblantes que habían recibido una descarga de alma... una tentación los tensionaba al examinar las piedras.","translation":"The Astrologer, slowly rolling a cigarette, watched all the faces that had received a discharge of soul… a temptation tightened them as they examined the stones.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p123-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of observaba","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"liando","lemma":"liar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"depends on Astrólogo","gloss":"rolling"},{"surface":"lentamente","lemma":"lentamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies liando","gloss":"slowly"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cigarrillo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"cigarrillo","lemma":"cigarrillo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of liando","gloss":"cigarette"},{"surface":"observaba","lemma":"observar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"watched"},{"surface":"todos","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of los","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of semblantes","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"semblantes","lemma":"semblante","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of observaba","gloss":"faces"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of recibido","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"habían","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of recibido","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"recibido","lemma":"recibir","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"clause modifying semblantes","gloss":"received"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of descarga","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"descarga","lemma":"descarga","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of recibido","gloss":"discharge"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking alma","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"alma","lemma":"alma","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies descarga","gloss":"soul"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of tentación","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"tentación","lemma":"tentación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of tensionaba","gloss":"temptation"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of tensionaba","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"tensionaba","lemma":"tensionar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of a new sentence","gloss":"tightened"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking examinar","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"examinar","lemma":"examinar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on tensionaba","gloss":"examined"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of piedras","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"piedras","lemma":"piedra","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of examinar","gloss":"stones"}]},{"number":238,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p123-s4","source":"El Buscador de Oro volvió a sentarse y dijo conversando con todos:","translation":"The Gold Seeker sat down again and said, talking to them all:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p123-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Buscador","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"Buscador","lemma":"Buscador","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of volvió","gloss":"Seeker"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Oro","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Oro","lemma":"Oro","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name Buscador","gloss":"Gold"},{"surface":"volvió","lemma":"volver","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"again","note":"volver a + infinitive = 'to do (something) again'; volvió a sentarse = 'sat down again.'"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of sentarse","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"sentarse","lemma":"sentar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of volvió","gloss":"sit down"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dijo","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with volvió","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"conversando","lemma":"conversar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"complement of dijo","gloss":"talking"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking todos","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"todos","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of conversando","gloss":"everyone"}]},{"number":239,"label":"124","id":"la-farsa-p124-s1","source":"–Allá abajo hay mucho oro.","translation":"—Down there is a lot of gold.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p124-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Allá","lemma":"allá","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hay","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"abajo","lemma":"abajo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hay","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"hay","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"mucho","lemma":"mucho","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of oro","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"oro","lemma":"oro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of hay","gloss":"gold"}]},{"number":240,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p124-s2","source":"Nadie lo sabe.","translation":"No one knows it.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p124-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nadie","lemma":"nadie","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of sabe","gloss":"No one"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of sabe","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"sabe","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"knows"}]},{"number":241,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p124-s3","source":"Es en el Campo Chileno.","translation":"It's in the Campo Chileno.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p124-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to Campo","gloss":"is","note":"Colloquial Rioplatense use of ser rather than estar for location."},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Campo","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Campo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Campo","lemma":"Campo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Field"},{"surface":"Chileno","lemma":"Chileno","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name Campo","gloss":"Chilean"}]},{"number":242,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p124-s4","source":"Primero estuve en Esquel... están las máquinas tiradas de una explotación que fracasó, después anduve en Arroyo Pescado... caminé... allá, no sé si ustedes lo sabrán, los días no se cuentan y entré al Campo Chileno.","translation":"First I was in Esquel… there sit the machines abandoned from a venture that failed, then I roamed around Arroyo Pescado… I walked… out there, I don't know if you'll know this, the days don't get counted, and I came into the Campo Chileno.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p124-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"anduve","title":"Irregular preterite «anduve»","body":"«Anduve» is the irregular preterite of «andar» ('to walk / go around'): «anduve en Arroyo Pescado» = 'I went about in Arroyo Pescado'. Beware the false regular form «andé», which does not exist."}],"words":[{"surface":"Primero","lemma":"primero","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies estuve","gloss":"First"},{"surface":"estuve","lemma":"estar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I was"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Esquel","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Esquel","lemma":"Esquel","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of estuve","gloss":"Esquel"},{"surface":"están","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"copula linking to tiradas","gloss":"sit"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of máquinas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"máquinas","lemma":"máquina","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of están","gloss":"machines"},{"surface":"tiradas","lemma":"tirado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"predicate adjective with están","gloss":"abandoned"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking explotación","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of explotación","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"explotación","lemma":"explotación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of de, modifies tiradas","gloss":"venture"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of fracasó","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"fracasó","lemma":"fracasar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying explotación","gloss":"failed"},{"surface":"después","lemma":"después","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies anduve","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"anduve","lemma":"andar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with estuve","gloss":"I roamed"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Arroyo","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Arroyo","lemma":"Arroyo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of anduve","gloss":"Arroyo"},{"surface":"Pescado","lemma":"Pescado","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name Arroyo","gloss":"Pescado"},{"surface":"caminé","lemma":"caminar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with estuve","gloss":"I walked"},{"surface":"allá","lemma":"allá","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies cuentan","gloss":"out there"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sé","gloss":"don't"},{"surface":"sé","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the parenthetical clause","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sabrán","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"ustedes","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, second-person, plural","role":"subject of sabrán","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of sabrán","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"sabrán","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"clausal complement of sé","gloss":"you'll know"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of días","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"días","lemma":"día","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of cuentan","gloss":"days"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies cuentan","gloss":"don't"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of cuentan","gloss":"get"},{"surface":"cuentan","lemma":"contar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with estuve","gloss":"counted"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"entré","lemma":"entrar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with cuentan","gloss":"I came"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Campo","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"Campo","lemma":"Campo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of entré","gloss":"Campo"},{"surface":"Chileno","lemma":"Chileno","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name Campo","gloss":"Chileno"}]},{"number":243,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p124-s5","source":"Selva, puro bosque de miles de kilómetros cuadrados.","translation":"Jungle, sheer forest of thousands of square kilometers.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p124-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Selva","lemma":"selva","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Jungle"},{"surface":"puro","lemma":"puro","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies bosque","gloss":"sheer"},{"surface":"bosque","lemma":"bosque","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition to Selva","gloss":"forest"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking miles","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"miles","lemma":"mil","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"object of de, modifies bosque","gloss":"thousands"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking kilómetros","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"kilómetros","lemma":"kilómetro","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies miles","gloss":"kilometers"},{"surface":"cuadrados","lemma":"cuadrado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies kilómetros","gloss":"square"}]},{"number":244,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p124-s6","source":"Me acompañaba la Máscara, una prostituta de Esquel que conocía una picada para entrar porque antes había estado con un minero al que lo asesinaron al volver.","translation":"The Mask came with me, a prostitute from Esquel who knew a trail in, because before she'd been with a miner who was murdered on his way back.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p124-s6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"una picada","title":"«picada»","body":"Here «picada» is a rough trail or path hacked through the bush, an Argentine sense of the word: «una picada para entrar» = 'a trail to get in by'. (In other contexts «picada» means appetizers or a steep dive.)"}],"words":[{"surface":"Me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of acompañaba","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"acompañaba","lemma":"acompañar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"came with"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of Máscara","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Máscara","lemma":"Máscara","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of acompañaba","gloss":"Mask"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of prostituta","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"prostituta","lemma":"prostituta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"in apposition to Máscara","gloss":"prostitute"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Esquel","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"Esquel","lemma":"Esquel","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies prostituta","gloss":"Esquel"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of conocía","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"conocía","lemma":"conocer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying prostituta","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of picada","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"picada","lemma":"picada","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of conocía","gloss":"trail"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of entrar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"entrar","lemma":"entrar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on conocía","gloss":"get in"},{"surface":"porque","lemma":"porque","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of estado","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"antes","lemma":"antes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies estado","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"había","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of estado","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"estado","lemma":"estar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"adverbial clause on conocía","gloss":"been"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking minero","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of minero","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"minero","lemma":"minero","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of estado","gloss":"miner"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking que","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of asesinaron","gloss":"whom"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of asesinaron","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"asesinaron","lemma":"asesinar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"clause modifying minero","gloss":"murdered"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking volver","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"volver","lemma":"volver","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on asesinaron","gloss":"returning"}]},{"number":245,"label":"125","id":"la-farsa-p125-s1","source":"Bueno, allá abajo se mata a uno por nada.","translation":"Well, down there they'll kill a man for nothing.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p125-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se mata a uno","title":"Impersonal «se» with «a uno»","body":"«Se mata a uno» = 'one gets killed', 'they kill a man'. Impersonal «se» leaves the killer unnamed, and «a uno» ('a person, anyone') is the human object, marked by the personal «a»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Bueno","lemma":"bueno","morphology":"interjection","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Well"},{"surface":"allá","lemma":"allá","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies mata","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"abajo","lemma":"abajo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies mata","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of mata","gloss":"they","note":"Impersonal \"se\" works like English \"they/one\": \"se mata\" = \"they kill / a person gets killed.\""},{"surface":"mata","lemma":"matar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"kill"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking uno","gloss":"(marks object)","note":"Personal \"a\" marks a human direct object here; it has no separate English translation."},{"surface":"uno","lemma":"uno","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of mata","gloss":"a man"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nada","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"nada","lemma":"nada","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"oblique complement of mata","gloss":"nothing"}]},{"number":246,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p125-s2","source":"Estaba sifilítica y se me quedó en el bosque.","translation":"She was syphilitic, and she died on me there in the forest.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p125-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se me quedó","title":"Ethical dative «me»","body":"The «me» in «se me quedó» is an 'ethical dative': it adds the speaker as the affected party — 'she stayed/died on me'. Spanish uses this extra pronoun to show emotional involvement; «quedarse» here is a gentle word for dying."}],"words":[{"surface":"Estaba","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to sifilítica","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"sifilítica","lemma":"sifilítico","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"syphilitic"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of quedó","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"dative of interest, affected by quedó","gloss":"on me"},{"surface":"quedó","lemma":"quedar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with Estaba","gloss":"died","note":"Colloquial \"quedarse\" here means \"to die,\" not just \"to stay/remain.\""},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bosque","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of bosque","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"bosque","lemma":"bosque","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of quedó","gloss":"forest"}]},{"number":247,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p125-s3","source":"La Máscara.","translation":"The Mask.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p125-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"La","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of Máscara","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"Máscara","lemma":"Máscara","morphology":"proper noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Mask"}]},{"number":248,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p125-s4","source":"¡Sí, me acuerdo!","translation":"Yes, I remember!","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p125-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"me acuerdo","title":"«acordarse (de)»","body":"Pronominal «acordarse» means 'to remember': «me acuerdo» = 'I remember'. When an object follows it takes «de» («me acuerdo de ella»). Plain «acordar» means 'to agree', so the «se» is what gives 'remember'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Sí","lemma":"sí","morphology":"interjection","role":"independent interjection","gloss":"Yes"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, reflexive, first-person, singular","role":"reflexive particle of acuerdo","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"acuerdo","lemma":"acordar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I remember"}]},{"number":249,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p125-s5","source":"Veinte años hacía que daba vueltas por esos pagos.","translation":"For twenty years she'd been knocking around those parts.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p125-s5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Veinte años hacía que","title":"«hacía… que» + imperfect","body":"«Hacía X años que» plus an imperfect expresses how long something had been going on: «veinte años hacía que daba vueltas» = 'she had been wandering around for twenty years'. The imperfect «daba» marks the ongoing past."},{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"esos pagos","title":"«pagos»","body":"In the River Plate, «pagos» (always plural here) means 'those parts', 'the region / home turf': «por esos pagos» = 'around those parts'. It is rural, regional vocabulary, not 'payments'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Veinte","lemma":"veinte","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies años","gloss":"Twenty"},{"surface":"años","lemma":"año","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of hacía","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"hacía","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had been","note":"\"Hacía + [time] + que\" is an idiom meaning \"for [time]...\", not literally \"made.\""},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of daba","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"daba","lemma":"dar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of hacía","gloss":"went","note":"\"Dar vueltas\" is an idiom meaning \"to wander/knock around,\" not literally \"to give turns.\""},{"surface":"vueltas","lemma":"vuelta","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of daba","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pagos","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"esos","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of pagos","gloss":"those"},{"surface":"pagos","lemma":"pago","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of daba","gloss":"parts","note":"Here \"pagos\" is an Argentine regionalism for \"parts/region,\" not \"payments.\""}]},{"number":250,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p125-s6","source":"De Puerto Madryn fue a Comodoro, después a Trelew, después a Esquel.","translation":"From Puerto Madryn she went to Comodoro, then to Trelew, then to Esquel.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p125-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Puerto","gloss":"From"},{"surface":"Puerto","lemma":"Puerto","morphology":"proper noun","role":"object of preposition De","gloss":"Puerto"},{"surface":"Madryn","lemma":"Madryn","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name Puerto","gloss":"Madryn"},{"surface":"fue","lemma":"ir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went","note":"\"Fue\" here is from \"ir\" (to go), not \"ser\" (to be) — the two verbs share this preterite form."},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Comodoro","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Comodoro","lemma":"Comodoro","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of fue","gloss":"Comodoro"},{"surface":"después","lemma":"después","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fue (elided)","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Trelew","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Trelew","lemma":"Trelew","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of the elided fue","gloss":"Trelew"},{"surface":"después","lemma":"después","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fue (elided)","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Esquel","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Esquel","lemma":"Esquel","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of the elided fue","gloss":"Esquel"}]},{"number":251,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p125-s7","source":"Ella los conoció a todos los buscadores de oro.","translation":"She knew them all, every one of the gold seekers.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p125-s7.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"los conoció a todos los buscadores","title":"Doubled object","body":"«Los conoció a todos los buscadores» repeats the object as both a pronoun («los») and a full noun phrase. This doubling, normal in the River Plate, adds emphasis: 'she knew them all, the gold seekers'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ella","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, feminine, singular, third-person","role":"subject of conoció","gloss":"She"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of conoció","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"conoció","lemma":"conocer","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking buscadores","gloss":"(marks object)","note":"Personal \"a\" marks a human direct object here; it has no separate English translation."},{"surface":"todos","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"quantifies buscadores","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of buscadores","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"buscadores","lemma":"buscador","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"in apposition to los (clitic-doubled object)","gloss":"seekers"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking oro","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"oro","lemma":"oro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies buscadores","gloss":"gold"}]},{"number":252,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p125-s8","source":"Primero fuimos hasta Arroyo Pescado... es cuarenta leguas más al sur de Esquel... pero no había sino un poquito de polvo en las arenas... a caballo seguimos quince días y entre monte y monte llegamos al Campo Chileno.","translation":"First we went as far as Arroyo Pescado… it's forty leagues farther south than Esquel… but there was only a bit of dust in the sands… on horseback we kept on for fifteen days, and from thicket to thicket we reached the Campo Chileno.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p125-s8.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"no había sino","title":"«no… sino» as 'only'","body":"«No (haber) sino» means 'there is nothing but', i.e. 'only': «no había sino un poquito de polvo» = 'there was only a little dust'. Here «sino» works like «más que» to mean 'nothing other than'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Primero","lemma":"primero","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fuimos","gloss":"First"},{"surface":"fuimos","lemma":"ir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"we went"},{"surface":"hasta","lemma":"hasta","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Arroyo","gloss":"as far as"},{"surface":"Arroyo","lemma":"Arroyo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of fuimos","gloss":"Arroyo"},{"surface":"Pescado","lemma":"Pescado","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name Arroyo","gloss":"Pescado"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to leguas","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"cuarenta","lemma":"cuarenta","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies leguas","gloss":"forty"},{"surface":"leguas","lemma":"legua","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"predicate noun complement of es","gloss":"leagues"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sur","gloss":"farther"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sur","gloss":"to the"},{"surface":"sur","lemma":"sur","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies leguas","gloss":"south"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Esquel","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"Esquel","lemma":"Esquel","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies sur","gloss":"Esquel"},{"surface":"pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies había","gloss":"not","note":"\"No... sino\" is an idiom meaning \"only,\" not a plain negative."},{"surface":"había","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with es","gloss":"there was"},{"surface":"sino","lemma":"sino","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of poquito","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"poquito","lemma":"poquito","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of había","gloss":"little bit"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking polvo","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"polvo","lemma":"polvo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies poquito","gloss":"dust"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking arenas","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of arenas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"arenas","lemma":"arena","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of había","gloss":"sands"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking caballo","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"caballo","lemma":"caballo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of a (a caballo = on horseback)","gloss":"horseback"},{"surface":"seguimos","lemma":"seguir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"we kept on"},{"surface":"quince","lemma":"quince","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies días","gloss":"fifteen"},{"surface":"días","lemma":"día","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"duration complement of seguimos","gloss":"days"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"entre","lemma":"entre","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking monte","gloss":"between"},{"surface":"monte","lemma":"monte","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of entre","gloss":"thicket","note":"\"Entre monte y monte\" = \"from thicket to thicket,\" a repetition idiom for endless terrain."},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"monte","lemma":"monte","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with monte","gloss":"thicket"},{"surface":"llegamos","lemma":"llegar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"coordinated with seguimos","gloss":"we reached"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Campo","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"Campo","lemma":"Campo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of llegamos","gloss":"Campo"},{"surface":"Chileno","lemma":"Chileno","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name Campo","gloss":"Chileno"}]},{"number":253,"label":"126","id":"la-farsa-p126-s1","source":"Con voz clara y fija en el motivo del relator el Buscador de Oro narraba su odisea en el sur.","translation":"In a clear voice, fixed on the storyteller's theme, the Gold Seeker recounted his odyssey in the south.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p126-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking voz","gloss":"In"},{"surface":"voz","lemma":"voz","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of narraba","gloss":"voice"},{"surface":"clara","lemma":"claro","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies voz","gloss":"clear"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fija","lemma":"fijo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with clara","gloss":"fixed"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking motivo","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of motivo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"motivo","lemma":"motivo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of fija","gloss":"theme"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking relator","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"relator","lemma":"relator","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies motivo","gloss":"storyteller"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Buscador","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Buscador","lemma":"Buscador","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of narraba","gloss":"Seeker"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Oro","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Oro","lemma":"Oro","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name Buscador","gloss":"Gold"},{"surface":"narraba","lemma":"narrar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"recounted"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of odisea","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"odisea","lemma":"odisea","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of narraba","gloss":"odyssey"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sur","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of sur","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sur","lemma":"sur","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies odisea","gloss":"south"}]},{"number":254,"label":"127","id":"la-farsa-p127-s1","source":"Escuchándole, Erdosain tenía la impresión de cruzar en compañía de la Máscara, desfiladeros gigantescos negros y glaciales, cerrados en el confín por triángulos violetas de más montañas.","translation":"Listening to him, Erdosain had the impression of crossing, in the Mask's company, gigantic black and glacial gorges, closed off at the far edge by violet triangles of yet more mountains.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p127-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Escuchándole","lemma":"escuchar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial gerund clause modifying tenía","gloss":"Listening to him","note":"Gerund \"escuchando\" + attached pronoun \"-le\" (\"him\"); Spanish attaches object pronouns directly to gerunds."},{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of tenía","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"tenía","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of impresión","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"impresión","lemma":"impresión","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of tenía","gloss":"impression"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of cruzar","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"cruzar","lemma":"cruzar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clause modifying impresión","gloss":"crossing"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking compañía","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"compañía","lemma":"compañía","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of cruzar","gloss":"company"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Máscara","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of Máscara","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Máscara","lemma":"Máscara","morphology":"proper noun","role":"object of de, modifies compañía","gloss":"Mask"},{"surface":"desfiladeros","lemma":"desfiladero","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of cruzar","gloss":"gorges"},{"surface":"gigantescos","lemma":"gigantesco","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies desfiladeros","gloss":"gigantic"},{"surface":"negros","lemma":"negro","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with gigantescos, modifies desfiladeros","gloss":"black"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"glaciales","lemma":"glacial","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"coordinated with negros, modifies desfiladeros","gloss":"glacial"},{"surface":"cerrados","lemma":"cerrado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies desfiladeros","gloss":"closed off"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking confín","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of confín","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"confín","lemma":"confín","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of cerrados","gloss":"far edge"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking triángulos","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"triángulos","lemma":"triángulo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of cerrados","gloss":"triangles"},{"surface":"violetas","lemma":"violeta","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies triángulos","gloss":"violet"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking montañas","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies montañas","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"montañas","lemma":"montaña","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies triángulos","gloss":"mountains"}]},{"number":255,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p127-s2","source":"Los altiplanos desaparecían bajo el altísimo avance del bosque perpetuo de troncos rojizos y follaje de negro verde, y ellos, alucinados, seguían adelante bajo el espacio profundo y liso como un desierto de hielo celeste.","translation":"The high plateaus vanished beneath the towering advance of the perpetual forest of reddish trunks and black-green foliage, and they, in a daze, pressed on beneath a sky deep and smooth as a desert of sky-blue ice.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p127-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of altiplanos","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"altiplanos","lemma":"altiplano","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of desaparecían","gloss":"high plateaus"},{"surface":"desaparecían","lemma":"desaparecer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"vanished"},{"surface":"bajo","lemma":"bajo","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking avance","gloss":"beneath"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of avance","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"altísimo","lemma":"altísimo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies avance","gloss":"towering"},{"surface":"avance","lemma":"avance","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of desaparecían","gloss":"advance"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bosque","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"bosque","lemma":"bosque","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies avance","gloss":"forest"},{"surface":"perpetuo","lemma":"perpetuo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies bosque","gloss":"perpetual"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking troncos","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"troncos","lemma":"tronco","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies bosque","gloss":"trunks"},{"surface":"rojizos","lemma":"rojizo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies troncos","gloss":"reddish"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"follaje","lemma":"follaje","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with troncos","gloss":"foliage"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking negro","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"negro","lemma":"negro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of de, modifies follaje","gloss":"black"},{"surface":"verde","lemma":"verde","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies negro","gloss":"green"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ellos","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, masculine, plural, third-person","role":"subject of seguían","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"alucinados","lemma":"alucinado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies ellos","gloss":"dazed"},{"surface":"seguían","lemma":"seguir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with desaparecían","gloss":"pressed on"},{"surface":"adelante","lemma":"adelante","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies seguían","gloss":"onward"},{"surface":"bajo","lemma":"bajo","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking espacio","gloss":"beneath"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of espacio","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"espacio","lemma":"espacio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of seguían","gloss":"sky"},{"surface":"profundo","lemma":"profundo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies espacio","gloss":"deep"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"liso","lemma":"liso","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with profundo","gloss":"smooth"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of desierto","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of desierto","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"desierto","lemma":"desierto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies espacio","gloss":"desert"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hielo","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"hielo","lemma":"hielo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies desierto","gloss":"ice"},{"surface":"celeste","lemma":"celeste","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies hielo","gloss":"sky-blue"}]},{"number":256,"label":"128","id":"la-farsa-p128-s1","source":"Con gestos lentos, indiferentes al asombro que suscitaba su relato, contaba el Buscador de Oro la aventura de meses.","translation":"With slow gestures, indifferent to the wonder his account stirred up, the Gold Seeker told of his months-long adventure.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p128-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gestos","gloss":"With"},{"surface":"gestos","lemma":"gesto","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of contaba","gloss":"gestures"},{"surface":"lentos","lemma":"lento","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies gestos","gloss":"slow"},{"surface":"indiferentes","lemma":"indiferente","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies gestos","gloss":"indifferent"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking asombro","gloss":"to the"},{"surface":"asombro","lemma":"asombro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of indiferentes","gloss":"wonder"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of suscitaba","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"suscitaba","lemma":"suscitar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying asombro","gloss":"stirred up"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of relato","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"relato","lemma":"relato","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of suscitaba","gloss":"account"},{"surface":"contaba","lemma":"contar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"told"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Buscador","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Buscador","lemma":"Buscador","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of contaba","gloss":"Seeker"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Oro","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Oro","lemma":"Oro","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name Buscador","gloss":"Gold"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of aventura","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"aventura","lemma":"aventura","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of contaba","gloss":"adventure"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking meses","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"meses","lemma":"mes","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies aventura","gloss":"months"}]},{"number":257,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p128-s2","source":"Todos le escuchaban absortos.","translation":"They all listened to him, spellbound.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p128-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Todos","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of escuchaban","gloss":"All"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"direct object of escuchaban","gloss":"him","note":"Leísta usage: \"le\" stands in for the expected direct object \"lo\" (him)."},{"surface":"escuchaban","lemma":"escuchar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"listened"},{"surface":"absortos","lemma":"absorto","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies Todos","gloss":"spellbound"}]},{"number":258,"label":"129","id":"la-farsa-p129-s1","source":"Luego, una mañana llegó al desfiladero negro.","translation":"Then, one morning, he reached the black gorge.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p129-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Luego","lemma":"luego","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies llegó","gloss":"Then"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mañana","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"mañana","lemma":"mañana","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of llegó","gloss":"morning"},{"surface":"llegó","lemma":"llegar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"he reached"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking desfiladero","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"desfiladero","lemma":"desfiladero","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of llegó","gloss":"gorge"},{"surface":"negro","lemma":"negro","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies desfiladero","gloss":"black"}]},{"number":259,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p129-s2","source":"Era un círculo de piedra negra, basáltica, crestada, un brocal empenachado de estalagmitas oscuras, donde lo celeste del espacio se hacía infinitamente triste.","translation":"It was a ring of black, basaltic, crested stone, a well-rim plumed with dark stalagmites, where the blue of the sky turned infinitely sad.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p129-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Era","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to círculo","gloss":"It was"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of círculo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"círculo","lemma":"círculo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"ring"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking piedra","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"piedra","lemma":"piedra","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies círculo","gloss":"stone"},{"surface":"negra","lemma":"negro","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies piedra","gloss":"black"},{"surface":"basáltica","lemma":"basáltico","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with negra","gloss":"basaltic"},{"surface":"crestada","lemma":"crestado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with basáltica","gloss":"crested"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of brocal","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"brocal","lemma":"brocal","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition to círculo","gloss":"well-rim"},{"surface":"empenachado","lemma":"empenachado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies brocal","gloss":"plumed"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking estalagmitas","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"estalagmitas","lemma":"estalagmita","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of empenachado","gloss":"stalagmites"},{"surface":"oscuras","lemma":"oscuro","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies estalagmitas","gloss":"dark"},{"surface":"donde","lemma":"donde","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of hacía","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"el","morphology":"article, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of celeste","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"celeste","lemma":"celeste","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"subject of hacía","gloss":"blue"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking espacio","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"espacio","lemma":"espacio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies celeste","gloss":"sky"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of hacía","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"hacía","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"relative clause modifying círculo","gloss":"turned"},{"surface":"infinitamente","lemma":"infinitamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies triste","gloss":"infinitely"},{"surface":"triste","lemma":"triste","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"predicate adjective with hacía","gloss":"sad"}]},{"number":260,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p129-s3","source":"Pájaros errantes rozaban en su vuelo los bloques de piedra, sombreados por otros círculos de montes más altos... Y en el fondo de aquel pozal, un lago de agua de oro, donde refluían hilachos de cascadas destrenzados por las breñas.","translation":"Wandering birds grazed the blocks of stone in their flight, shaded by further rings of higher peaks… And at the bottom of that pit, a lake of golden water, into which trickled threads of waterfalls unbraided by the crags.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p129-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pájaros","lemma":"pájaro","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of rozaban","gloss":"Birds"},{"surface":"errantes","lemma":"errante","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies Pájaros","gloss":"wandering"},{"surface":"rozaban","lemma":"rozar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"grazed"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vuelo","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of vuelo","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"vuelo","lemma":"vuelo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of rozaban","gloss":"flight"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of bloques","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"bloques","lemma":"bloque","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of rozaban","gloss":"blocks"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking piedra","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"piedra","lemma":"piedra","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies bloques","gloss":"stone"},{"surface":"sombreados","lemma":"sombreado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies bloques","gloss":"shaded"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking círculos","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"otros","lemma":"otro","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of círculos","gloss":"further"},{"surface":"círculos","lemma":"círculo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"agent of sombreados (object of por)","gloss":"rings"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking montes","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"montes","lemma":"monte","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies círculos","gloss":"peaks"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies altos","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"altos","lemma":"alto","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies montes","gloss":"higher"},{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fondo","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of fondo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"fondo","lemma":"fondo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of the implied verb introducing lago (not a modifier of lago; fondo is governed by en, lago heads a separate elliptical clause)","gloss":"bottom"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pozal","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"aquel","lemma":"aquel","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of pozal","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"pozal","lemma":"pozal","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies fondo","gloss":"pit"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of lago","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"lago","lemma":"lago","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head noun of the elliptical clause (object of an implied había)","gloss":"lake"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking agua","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"agua","lemma":"agua","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies lago","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking oro","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"oro","lemma":"oro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies agua","gloss":"gold"},{"surface":"donde","lemma":"donde","morphology":"adverb, relative","role":"relative adverb, oblique complement of refluían, refers to lago","gloss":"into which"},{"surface":"refluían","lemma":"refluir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"clause modifying lago","gloss":"trickled"},{"surface":"hilachos","lemma":"hilacho","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of refluían","gloss":"threads"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cascadas","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"cascadas","lemma":"cascada","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies hilachos","gloss":"waterfalls"},{"surface":"destrenzados","lemma":"destrenzado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies hilachos","gloss":"unbraided"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking breñas","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of breñas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"breñas","lemma":"breña","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"agent of destrenzados (object of por)","gloss":"crags"}]},{"number":261,"label":"130","id":"la-farsa-p130-s1","source":"Nunca el Buscador de Oro había estado en parajes tan siniestros.","translation":"Never had the Gold Seeker been in such sinister spots.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p130-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nunca","lemma":"nunca","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies estado","gloss":"Never"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Buscador","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Buscador","lemma":"Buscador","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of estado","gloss":"Seeker"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Oro","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Oro","lemma":"Oro","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies Buscador","gloss":"Gold"},{"surface":"había","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of estado","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"estado","lemma":"estar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"been"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking parajes","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"parajes","lemma":"paraje","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of estado","gloss":"spots"},{"surface":"tan","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies siniestros","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"siniestros","lemma":"siniestro","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies parajes","gloss":"sinister"}]},{"number":262,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p130-s2","source":"Aquella profundidad de agua de bronce espejando los farallones negros lo detuvo asombrado.","translation":"That depth of bronze water mirroring the black cliffs stopped him in astonishment.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p130-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Aquella","lemma":"aquel","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of profundidad","gloss":"That"},{"surface":"profundidad","lemma":"profundidad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of detuvo","gloss":"depth"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking agua","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"agua","lemma":"agua","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies profundidad","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bronce","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"bronce","lemma":"bronce","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies agua","gloss":"bronze"},{"surface":"espejando","lemma":"espejar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"gerund clause modifying profundidad","gloss":"mirroring"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of farallones","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"farallones","lemma":"farallón","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of espejando","gloss":"cliffs"},{"surface":"negros","lemma":"negro","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies farallones","gloss":"black"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of detuvo","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"detuvo","lemma":"detener","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stopped"},{"surface":"asombrado","lemma":"asombrado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"object complement of detuvo (describes lo)","gloss":"astonished"}]},{"number":263,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p130-s3","source":"Los muros de piedra caían perpendicularmente, moteados de sarcomas verdosos, de largas malaquitas, y en aquel fondo de bronce su figura pálida y barbuda se reflejaba con los pies hacia el cielo.","translation":"The stone walls dropped sheer, mottled with greenish growths, with long streaks of malachite, and in that bronze depth his pale, bearded figure was reflected with its feet toward the sky.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p130-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of muros","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"muros","lemma":"muro","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of caían","gloss":"walls"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking piedra","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"piedra","lemma":"piedra","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies muros","gloss":"stone"},{"surface":"caían","lemma":"caer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"dropped"},{"surface":"perpendicularmente","lemma":"perpendicularmente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies caían","gloss":"sheer"},{"surface":"moteados","lemma":"moteado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies muros","gloss":"mottled"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sarcomas","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sarcomas","lemma":"sarcoma","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies moteados","gloss":"growths"},{"surface":"verdosos","lemma":"verdoso","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies sarcomas","gloss":"greenish"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking malaquitas","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"largas","lemma":"largo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies malaquitas","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"malaquitas","lemma":"malaquita","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"complement of moteados (parallel to sarcomas)","gloss":"malachite"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fondo","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"aquel","lemma":"aquel","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of fondo","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"fondo","lemma":"fondo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of reflejaba","gloss":"depth"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bronce","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"bronce","lemma":"bronce","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies fondo","gloss":"bronze"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of figura","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"figura","lemma":"figura","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of reflejaba","gloss":"figure"},{"surface":"pálida","lemma":"pálido","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies figura","gloss":"pale"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"barbuda","lemma":"barbudo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with pálida","gloss":"bearded"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive/passive particle of reflejaba","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"reflejaba","lemma":"reflejar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with caían","gloss":"was reflected"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pies","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of pies","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"pies","lemma":"pie","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of reflejaba","gloss":"feet"},{"surface":"hacia","lemma":"hacia","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cielo","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cielo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cielo","lemma":"cielo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of reflejaba","gloss":"sky"}]},{"number":264,"label":"131","id":"la-farsa-p131-s1","source":"Al pronto se le ocurrió que el agua sería de oro, pero desechó la hipótesis por absurda, porque no había leído ni oído nunca nada semejante, y continuó contando:","translation":"At first it occurred to him that the water might be made of gold, but he dismissed the idea as absurd, because he had never read or heard anything of the kind, and he went on telling his story:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p131-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se le ocurrió","title":"«ocurrírsele a alguien»","body":"«Ocurrírsele (algo) a alguien» means 'for something to occur to someone': «se le ocurrió que…» = 'it occurred to him that…'. The «se» plus the dative «le» presents the thought as arriving on its own. «Sería» is a conditional of conjecture, 'might be'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the idiom al pronto, modifies ocurrió","gloss":"At"},{"surface":"pronto","lemma":"pronto","morphology":"noun","role":"part of the idiom al pronto, modifies ocurrió","gloss":"first","note":"Al pronto is a fixed idiom meaning \"at first\", not a literal \"to the soon\"."},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, reflexive","role":"impersonal marker of ocurrió","gloss":"(marker)"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of ocurrió (experiencer)","gloss":"to him"},{"surface":"ocurrió","lemma":"ocurrir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"occurred","note":"Se le ocurrió is idiomatic for \"it occurred to him\" — se and le carry no independent meaning here."},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sería","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of agua","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"agua","lemma":"agua","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of sería","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"sería","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, conditional, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to oro","gloss":"might be"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking oro","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"oro","lemma":"oro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of sería","gloss":"gold"},{"surface":"pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"desechó","lemma":"desechar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with ocurrió","gloss":"dismissed"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of hipótesis","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hipótesis","lemma":"hipótesis","morphology":"noun, feminine","role":"direct object of desechó","gloss":"idea"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking absurda","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"absurda","lemma":"absurdo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies hipótesis","gloss":"absurd"},{"surface":"porque","lemma":"porque","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of leído","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies leído","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"había","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of leído","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"leído","lemma":"leer","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"adverbial clause on desechó","gloss":"read"},{"surface":"ni","lemma":"ni","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"oído","lemma":"oír","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with leído","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"nunca","lemma":"nunca","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies oído","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"nada","lemma":"nada","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of oído","gloss":"anything"},{"surface":"semejante","lemma":"semejante","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies nada","gloss":"of the kind"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"continuó","lemma":"continuar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with ocurrió","gloss":"went on"},{"surface":"contando","lemma":"contar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"complement of continuó","gloss":"telling"}]},{"number":265,"label":"132","id":"la-farsa-p132-s1","source":"–Pero al volver, encontrándome un día en Rawson esperando en la sala de un dentista, se me ocurrió hojear una revista llamada «La Semana Médica», que había en una de las mesas del vestíbulo... y aquí se produce el prodigio.","translation":"—But on my way back, finding myself one day in Rawson waiting in a dentist's room, it occurred to me to leaf through a magazine called \"La Semana Médica\" that was lying on one of the tables in the lobby… and here the marvel happens.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p132-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"conjunction linking to the previous sentence","gloss":"But"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking volver","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"volver","lemma":"volver","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on ocurrió","gloss":"returning"},{"surface":"encontrándome","lemma":"encontrarse","morphology":"verb, gerund, reflexive, first-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on ocurrió","gloss":"finding myself"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of día","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"día","lemma":"día","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of encontrándome","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Rawson","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Rawson","lemma":"Rawson","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of encontrándome","gloss":"Rawson"},{"surface":"esperando","lemma":"esperar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on encontrándome","gloss":"waiting"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sala","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of sala","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sala","lemma":"sala","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of esperando","gloss":"room"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dentista","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of dentista","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"dentista","lemma":"dentista","morphology":"noun, singular","role":"modifies sala","gloss":"dentist"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"impersonal marker of ocurrió","gloss":"(marker)"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of ocurrió (experiencer)","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"ocurrió","lemma":"ocurrir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"occurred","note":"Se me ocurrió is idiomatic for \"it occurred to me\" — se has no independent meaning here."},{"surface":"hojear","lemma":"hojear","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on ocurrió","gloss":"to leaf through"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of revista","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"revista","lemma":"revista","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of hojear","gloss":"magazine"},{"surface":"llamada","lemma":"llamado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies revista","gloss":"called"},{"surface":"La","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of Semana","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"Semana","lemma":"Semana","morphology":"proper noun","role":"complement of llamada (title of the magazine)","gloss":"Week"},{"surface":"Médica","lemma":"Médica","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name Semana","gloss":"Medical"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of había","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"había","lemma":"haber","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying revista","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking una","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"pronoun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of había","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mesas","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of mesas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mesas","lemma":"mesa","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies una","gloss":"tables"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vestíbulo","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"vestíbulo","lemma":"vestíbulo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies mesas","gloss":"lobby"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"aquí","lemma":"aquí","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies produce","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive/passive particle of produce","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"produce","lemma":"producir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with ocurrió","gloss":"happens"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of prodigio","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"prodigio","lemma":"prodigio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of produce","gloss":"marvel"}]},{"number":266,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p132-s2","source":"Abro al azar el folleto y en la primera página que miro veo un artículo titulado: «El agua de oro, o el oro coloidal en la terapéutica de lupus eritematoso».","translation":"I open the booklet at random, and on the first page I look at I see an article titled: \"Gold water, or colloidal gold in the treatment of lupus erythematosus\".","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p132-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"al azar","title":"«al azar»","body":"«Al azar» means 'at random', 'by chance': «abro al azar el folleto» = 'I open the booklet at random'. «Azar» is 'chance / fate' — note the historic-present «abro», «veo» that makes the scene vivid."}],"words":[{"surface":"Abro","lemma":"abrir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"open"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking azar","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"azar","lemma":"azar","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of Abro","gloss":"random"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of folleto","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"folleto","lemma":"folleto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of Abro","gloss":"booklet"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking página","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of página","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"primera","lemma":"primero","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies página","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"página","lemma":"página","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of veo","gloss":"page"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of miro","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"miro","lemma":"mirar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"clause modifying página","gloss":"look at"},{"surface":"veo","lemma":"ver","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with Abro","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of artículo","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"artículo","lemma":"artículo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of veo","gloss":"article"},{"surface":"titulado","lemma":"titulado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies artículo","gloss":"titled"},{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of agua","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"agua","lemma":"agua","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"complement of titulado (title of the article)","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking oro","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"oro","lemma":"oro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies agua","gloss":"gold"},{"surface":"o","lemma":"o","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of oro","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"oro","lemma":"oro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with agua","gloss":"gold"},{"surface":"coloidal","lemma":"coloidal","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies oro","gloss":"colloidal"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking terapéutica","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of terapéutica","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"terapéutica","lemma":"terapéutica","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies oro","gloss":"treatment"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lupus","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"lupus","lemma":"lupus","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies terapéutica","gloss":"lupus"},{"surface":"eritematoso","lemma":"eritematoso","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies lupus","gloss":"erythematosus"}]},{"number":267,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p132-s3","source":"Me puse a leer y entonces aprendí que el oro es susceptible de quedar suspendido en el agua en partículas microscópicas... y que ese fenómeno que para mí era flamante, lo habían descubierto los alquimistas que lo llamaban «agua de oro».","translation":"I set to reading, and then I learned that gold can stay suspended in water in microscopic particles… and that this phenomenon, which to me was brand-new, had been discovered by the alchemists, who called it \"gold water\".","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p132-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Me puse a leer","title":"«ponerse a» + infinitive","body":"«Ponerse a» plus an infinitive means 'to start / set about (doing)': «me puse a leer» = 'I started reading'. It stresses the moment of beginning the action."}],"words":[{"surface":"Me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of puse (ponerse a = to start)","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"puse","lemma":"poner","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"set","note":"Ponerse a + infinitive is idiomatic for \"to start/set about doing something\"."},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of leer","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"leer","lemma":"leer","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of puse","gloss":"reading"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"entonces","lemma":"entonces","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies aprendí","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"aprendí","lemma":"aprender","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with puse","gloss":"learned"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of susceptible","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of oro","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"oro","lemma":"oro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"gold"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to susceptible","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"susceptible","lemma":"susceptible","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"clausal complement of aprendí","gloss":"capable"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of quedar","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"quedar","lemma":"quedar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clause modifying susceptible","gloss":"staying"},{"surface":"suspendido","lemma":"suspendido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"complement of quedar","gloss":"suspended"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking agua","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of agua","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"agua","lemma":"agua","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of suspendido","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking partículas","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"partículas","lemma":"partícula","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of quedar","gloss":"particles"},{"surface":"microscópicas","lemma":"microscópico","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies partículas","gloss":"microscopic"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of descubierto","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ese","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of fenómeno","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"fenómeno","lemma":"fenómeno","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"topicalized direct object of descubierto (resumed by lo)","gloss":"phenomenon"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of era","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mí","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"mí","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, prepositional, singular","role":"oblique complement of era","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"era","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to flamante","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"flamante","lemma":"flamante","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"predicate adjective of era (clause modifies fenómeno)","gloss":"brand-new"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of descubierto","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"habían","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of descubierto","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"descubierto","lemma":"descubrir","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"clause complement of aprendí (coordinated with susceptible)","gloss":"discovered"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of alquimistas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"alquimistas","lemma":"alquimista","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of descubierto","gloss":"alchemists"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of llamaban","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of llamaban","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"llamaban","lemma":"llamar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"clause modifying alquimistas","gloss":"called"},{"surface":"agua","lemma":"agua","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object complement of llamaban (predicate of lo)","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking oro","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"oro","lemma":"oro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies agua","gloss":"gold"}]},{"number":268,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p132-s4","source":"La obtenían por el procedimiento más simple que es dado imaginar: echando un trozo candente de oro en agua de lluvia.","translation":"They obtained it by the simplest procedure one can imagine: dropping a white-hot piece of gold into rainwater.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p132-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"La","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of obtenían","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"obtenían","lemma":"obtener","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"obtained"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking procedimiento","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of procedimiento","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"procedimiento","lemma":"procedimiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of obtenían","gloss":"procedure"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies simple","gloss":"most"},{"surface":"simple","lemma":"simple","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies procedimiento","gloss":"simple"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of es","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to dado","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"dado","lemma":"dar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"clause modifying procedimiento","gloss":"possible","note":"Es dado + infinitive is an idiom meaning \"it is possible to...\", literally \"is given\"."},{"surface":"imaginar","lemma":"imaginar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on dado","gloss":"to imagine"},{"surface":"echando","lemma":"echar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on obtenían (explains the method)","gloss":"dropping"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of trozo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"trozo","lemma":"trozo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of echando","gloss":"piece"},{"surface":"candente","lemma":"candente","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies trozo","gloss":"white-hot"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking oro","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"oro","lemma":"oro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies trozo","gloss":"gold"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking agua","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"agua","lemma":"agua","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of echando","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lluvia","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"lluvia","lemma":"lluvia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies agua","gloss":"rain"}]},{"number":269,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p132-s5","source":"Inmediatamente me acordé del lago cuya coloración atribuí a substancias vegetales.","translation":"Immediately I remembered the lake, whose coloring I had put down to vegetable matter.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p132-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Inmediatamente","lemma":"inmediatamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies acordé","gloss":"Immediately"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of acordé","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"acordé","lemma":"acordar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"remembered"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lago","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"lago","lemma":"lago","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of acordé","gloss":"lake"},{"surface":"cuya","lemma":"cuyo","morphology":"pronoun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies coloración","gloss":"whose"},{"surface":"coloración","lemma":"coloración","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of atribuí","gloss":"coloring"},{"surface":"atribuí","lemma":"atribuir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"clause modifying lago","gloss":"put down"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking substancias","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"substancias","lemma":"substancia","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of atribuí","gloss":"matter"},{"surface":"vegetales","lemma":"vegetal","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies substancias","gloss":"vegetable"}]},{"number":270,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p132-s6","source":"Yo había estado, sin reconocerlo, junto a un lago de oro coloidal que quizá cuántos siglos había tardado en formarse por el paso del agua junto a las vetas.","translation":"I had stood, without realizing it, beside a lake of colloidal gold that perhaps had taken who knows how many centuries to form, from the water passing along the veins of ore.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p132-s6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"había tardado en formarse","title":"«tardar en» + infinitive","body":"«Tardar en» plus an infinitive means 'to take (time) to (do)', 'to be long in': «había tardado en formarse» = 'had taken (long) to form'. The «en» links the verb to the action that took the time."}],"words":[{"surface":"Yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of estado","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"había","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of estado","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"estado","lemma":"estar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of reconocerlo","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"reconocerlo","lemma":"reconocer él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on estado","gloss":"realizing it"},{"surface":"junto","lemma":"junto","morphology":"adjective","role":"part of the compound preposition junto a, marking lago","gloss":"next","note":"Junto a is a compound preposition meaning \"next to/beside\"."},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase junto","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of lago","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"lago","lemma":"lago","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of estado (via junto a)","gloss":"lake"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking oro","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"oro","lemma":"oro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies lago","gloss":"gold"},{"surface":"coloidal","lemma":"coloidal","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies oro","gloss":"colloidal"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of tardado","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"quizá","lemma":"quizá","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tardado","gloss":"perhaps"},{"surface":"cuántos","lemma":"cuánto","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of siglos","gloss":"how many"},{"surface":"siglos","lemma":"siglo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of tardado (time span)","gloss":"centuries"},{"surface":"había","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of tardado","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"tardado","lemma":"tardar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"clause modifying lago","gloss":"taken"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of formarse","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"formarse","lemma":"formar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of tardado","gloss":"form"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking paso","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of paso","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"paso","lemma":"paso","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of formarse","gloss":"passing"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking agua","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"agua","lemma":"agua","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies paso","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"junto","lemma":"junto","morphology":"adjective","role":"part of the compound preposition junto a, modifies paso (marks vetas)","gloss":"next"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase junto","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of vetas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"vetas","lemma":"veta","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of paso (via junto a)","gloss":"veins"}]},{"number":271,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p132-s7","source":"¿Se dan cuenta ustedes ahora, lo que es la ignorancia?","translation":"Do you realize now what ignorance is?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p132-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of dan","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"dan","lemma":"dar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"realize"},{"surface":"cuenta","lemma":"cuenta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"compound with dan","gloss":"account","note":"‘darse cuenta’ is an idiom meaning ‘to realize.’"},{"surface":"ustedes","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of dan","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"ahora","lemma":"ahora","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dan","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"lo","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"forms the relative phrase lo que with que; predicate complement of es","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"combines with lo (lo que); predicate complement of es","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to lo (lo que)","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of ignorancia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ignorancia","lemma":"ignorancia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"ignorance"}]},{"number":272,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p132-s8","source":"Si el azar no arroja esa revista en mis manos, yo hubiera ignorado para siempre la importancia de ese descubrimiento...","translation":"If chance had not thrown that magazine into my hands, I would have remained forever ignorant of the importance of that discovery…","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p132-s8.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Si… no arroja… hubiera ignorado","title":"Mixed conditional","body":"A contrary-to-fact past condition is normally «si no hubiera arrojado… habría/hubiera ignorado». Here the speaker uses a vivid present «arroja» in the 'if' clause with the past subjunctive «hubiera ignorado» in the result — a colloquial mix that keeps the telling lively."}],"words":[{"surface":"Si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of arroja","gloss":"If"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of azar","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"azar","lemma":"azar","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of arroja","gloss":"chance"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies arroja","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"arroja","lemma":"arrojar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on ignorado","gloss":"throws"},{"surface":"esa","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of revista","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"revista","lemma":"revista","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of arroja","gloss":"magazine"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking manos","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"mis","lemma":"mi","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of manos","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"manos","lemma":"mano","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of arroja","gloss":"hands"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of ignorado","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"hubiera","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of ignorado","gloss":"would have"},{"surface":"ignorado","lemma":"ignorar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"remained ignorant","note":"‘Ignorar’ is a false friend: it means ‘to not know / be unaware of,’ not ‘to disregard.’"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking siempre","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"siempre","lemma":"siempre","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ignorado","gloss":"ever"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of importancia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"importancia","lemma":"importancia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of ignorado","gloss":"importance"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking descubrimiento","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"ese","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of descubrimiento","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"descubrimiento","lemma":"descubrimiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies importancia","gloss":"discovery"}]},{"number":273,"label":"133","id":"la-farsa-p133-s1","source":"–¿Y volvió usted? –interrumpió el Mayor.","translation":"—And did you go back? —the Major broke in.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p133-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies volvió","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"volvió","lemma":"volver","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went back"},{"surface":"usted","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, singular","role":"subject of volvió","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"interrumpió","lemma":"interrumpir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"broke in"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Mayor","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Mayor","lemma":"Mayor","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of interrumpió","gloss":"Major"}]},{"number":274,"label":"134","id":"la-farsa-p134-s1","source":"–Pero, naturalmente.","translation":"—Why, of course.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p134-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"discourse marker before naturalmente","gloss":"Why","note":"‘Pero’ literally means ‘but’; here it works as a conversational filler of assent, rendered as ‘Why’ in English."},{"surface":"naturalmente","lemma":"naturalmente","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"of course"}]},{"number":275,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p134-s2","source":"Volví solo hace ocho meses de esto, fue cuando le escribí a usted... pero yo partía de un error... tengo que estudiar la obtención metálica del oro... además hay filones allá... es cuestión de trabajar... conseguirse un traje de buzo, porque el fondo del agua es dorado y al agua en sí no tiene color.","translation":"I came back only eight months ago from all this; that was when I wrote to you… but I was starting from a mistake… I have to study how to extract the gold as metal… besides, there are veins out there… it's a matter of working at it… getting hold of a diving suit, because the bottom of the water is golden and the water itself has no color.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p134-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"hace ocho meses","title":"«hace» for 'ago'","body":"«Hace» plus a time span means 'ago': «hace ocho meses» = 'eight months ago'. Here «volví… hace ocho meses» = 'I came back eight months ago'. This «hace» is invariable, always third-person singular."}],"words":[{"surface":"Volví","lemma":"volver","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"came back"},{"surface":"solo","lemma":"solo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Volví","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"hace","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"time expression modifying Volví (‘hace’ + time = ‘ago’)","gloss":"ago","note":"‘Hace + [time]’ expresses ‘ago’ — ‘hace ocho meses’ = ‘eight months ago.’"},{"surface":"ocho","lemma":"ocho","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies meses","gloss":"eight"},{"surface":"meses","lemma":"mes","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of hace","gloss":"months"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking esto","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"esto","lemma":"este","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"oblique complement of Volví","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"fue","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"cuando","lemma":"cuando","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of escribí","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of escribí","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"escribí","lemma":"escribir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on fue","gloss":"wrote"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking usted","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"usted","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, singular","role":"indirect object of escribí (doubles le)","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of partía","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"partía","lemma":"partir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with fue","gloss":"was starting"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking error","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of error","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"error","lemma":"error","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of partía","gloss":"mistake"},{"surface":"tengo","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the modal periphrasis tengo que (have to), links to estudiar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"estudiar","lemma":"estudiar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of tengo que","gloss":"study"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of obtención","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"obtención","lemma":"obtención","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of estudiar","gloss":"extraction"},{"surface":"metálica","lemma":"metálico","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies obtención","gloss":"as metal"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking oro","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"oro","lemma":"oro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies obtención","gloss":"gold"},{"surface":"además","lemma":"además","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hay","gloss":"besides"},{"surface":"hay","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"there are"},{"surface":"filones","lemma":"filón","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of hay","gloss":"veins"},{"surface":"allá","lemma":"allá","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hay","gloss":"out there"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to cuestión","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"cuestión","lemma":"cuestión","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"predicate nominal of es","gloss":"a matter"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of trabajar","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"trabajar","lemma":"trabajar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clause modifying cuestión","gloss":"working"},{"surface":"conseguirse","lemma":"conseguir él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"coordinated with trabajar, complement of cuestión (via elided de)","gloss":"getting hold of"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of traje","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"traje","lemma":"traje","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of conseguirse","gloss":"suit"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking buzo","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"buzo","lemma":"buzo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies traje","gloss":"diver"},{"surface":"porque","lemma":"porque","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of dorado","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of fondo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"fondo","lemma":"fondo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"bottom"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking agua","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"agua","lemma":"agua","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies fondo","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to dorado","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"dorado","lemma":"dorado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of es; clause introduced by porque","gloss":"golden"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking agua","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"agua","lemma":"agua","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"topic-fronted subject of tiene (agua repeated)","gloss":"water","note":"‘Al agua en sí’ fronts the topic (‘as for the water itself’); ‘agua’ is the logical subject of ‘tiene.’"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sí","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"sí","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"part of the fixed phrase en sí (itself), modifies agua","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tiene","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"tiene","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with es (both introduced by porque, linked by y)","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"color","lemma":"color","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of tiene","gloss":"color"}]},{"number":276,"label":"135","id":"la-farsa-p135-s1","source":"Haffner dijo:","translation":"Haffner said:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p135-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Haffner","lemma":"Haffner","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of dijo","gloss":"Haffner"},{"surface":"dijo","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"}]},{"number":277,"label":"136","id":"la-farsa-p136-s1","source":"–¿Sabe que es interesante lo que cuenta?","translation":"—Do you know, what you're telling is interesting?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p136-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sabe","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of interesante","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to interesante","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"interesante","lemma":"interesante","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"clausal complement of Sabe","gloss":"interesting"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"lo","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"forms the relative phrase lo que (antecedent) with que; subject of es","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"direct object of cuenta, completes lo que","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"cuenta","lemma":"contar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"relative clause modifying lo","gloss":"tell"}]},{"number":278,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p136-s2","source":"Poniendo que no existiera oro, aquello es siempre más divertido que esta puerca ciudad.","translation":"Even supposing there were no gold, that's always more fun than this filthy city.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p136-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Poniendo que no existiera","title":"«poner que» (supposing that)","body":"«Poner que» means 'to suppose / grant that', and like other suppositions it takes the subjunctive: «poniendo que no existiera oro» = 'supposing there were no gold'. The imperfect subjunctive «existiera» marks it as a mere hypothesis."}],"words":[{"surface":"Poniendo","lemma":"poner","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on divertido","gloss":"Supposing","note":"‘Poniendo que’ is an idiom meaning ‘supposing that’ — literally ‘putting that.’"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of existiera","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies existiera","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"existiera","lemma":"existir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of Poniendo","gloss":"existed"},{"surface":"oro","lemma":"oro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of existiera","gloss":"gold"},{"surface":"aquello","lemma":"aquel","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to divertido","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"siempre","lemma":"siempre","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies divertido","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies divertido","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"divertido","lemma":"divertido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of es","gloss":"fun"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"conjunction, comparative","role":"comparative particle linking divertido to ciudad","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"esta","lemma":"este","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of ciudad","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"puerca","lemma":"puerco","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies ciudad","gloss":"filthy"},{"surface":"ciudad","lemma":"ciudad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of the comparison with divertido","gloss":"city"}]},{"number":279,"label":"137","id":"la-farsa-p137-s1","source":"El Mayor agregó:","translation":"The Major added:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p137-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Mayor","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"Mayor","lemma":"Mayor","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of agregó","gloss":"Major"},{"surface":"agregó","lemma":"agregar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"added"}]},{"number":280,"label":"138","id":"la-farsa-p138-s1","source":"–Si se instala la colonia en el Campo Chileno, será necesario contar con una estación telegráfica.","translation":"—If the colony is set up in the Campo Chileno, it will be necessary to have a telegraph station.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p138-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of instala","gloss":"If"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, reflexive","role":"passive marker of instala","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"instala","lemma":"instalar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on necesario","gloss":"is set up"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of colonia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"colonia","lemma":"colonia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of instala","gloss":"colony"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Campo","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Campo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Campo","lemma":"Campo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of instala","gloss":"Campo"},{"surface":"Chileno","lemma":"Chileno","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name Campo","gloss":"Chileno"},{"surface":"será","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to necesario","gloss":"will be"},{"surface":"necesario","lemma":"necesario","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of será","gloss":"necessary"},{"surface":"contar","lemma":"contar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on necesario","gloss":"to have","note":"‘Contar con’ is an idiom meaning ‘to have/rely on,’ not simply ‘to count.’"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking estación","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of estación","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"estación","lemma":"estación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of contar","gloss":"station"},{"surface":"telegráfica","lemma":"telegráfico","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies estación","gloss":"telegraph"}]},{"number":281,"label":"139","id":"la-farsa-p139-s1","source":"Erdosain replicó:","translation":"Erdosain replied:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p139-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of replicó","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"replicó","lemma":"replicar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"replied"}]},{"number":282,"label":"140","id":"la-farsa-p140-s1","source":"–Si es así, puede armarse una estación portátil con longitud de onda de 45 a 80 metros.","translation":"—If that's the case, a portable station can be put together with a wavelength of 45 to 80 meters.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p140-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"armarse","title":"«armar»","body":"«Armar» means 'to assemble / put together', 'to set up': «puede armarse una estación» = 'a station can be put together'. The passive-«se» leaves the assembler unnamed. (Note: «armar» also means 'to arm', as with weapons.)"}],"words":[{"surface":"Si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause modifying armarse","gloss":"If"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to así","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb","role":"predicate complement of es","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"puede","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of armarse","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"armarse","lemma":"armar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"be put together"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of estación","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"estación","lemma":"estación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of armarse","gloss":"station"},{"surface":"portátil","lemma":"portátil","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies estación","gloss":"portable"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking longitud","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"longitud","lemma":"longitud","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies estación","gloss":"length"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking onda","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"onda","lemma":"onda","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies longitud","gloss":"wave"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking 45","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking metros","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"metros","lemma":"metro","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies 80 (unit for the range)","gloss":"meters"}]},{"number":283,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p140-s2","source":"Costaría quinientos pesos y tiene un alcance de tres mil kilómetros.","translation":"It would cost five hundred pesos and has a range of three thousand kilometers.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p140-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Costaría","lemma":"costar","morphology":"verb, conditional, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"would cost"},{"surface":"quinientos","lemma":"quinientos","morphology":"numeral, masculine, plural","role":"quantifies pesos","gloss":"five hundred"},{"surface":"pesos","lemma":"peso","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of Costaría","gloss":"pesos"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tiene","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with Costaría","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of alcance","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"alcance","lemma":"alcance","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of tiene","gloss":"range"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking kilómetros","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"tres","lemma":"tres","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies kilómetros","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"mil","lemma":"mil","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with tres","gloss":"thousand"},{"surface":"kilómetros","lemma":"kilómetro","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies alcance","gloss":"kilometers"}]},{"number":284,"label":"141","id":"la-farsa-p141-s1","source":"Nuevamente intervino el Mayor:","translation":"Once again the Major spoke up:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p141-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nuevamente","lemma":"nuevamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies intervino","gloss":"Once again"},{"surface":"intervino","lemma":"intervenir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"spoke up"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Mayor","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Mayor","lemma":"Mayor","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of intervino","gloss":"Major"}]},{"number":285,"label":"142","id":"la-farsa-p142-s1","source":"–La colonia tiene toda mi preferencia porque allí se podrá instalar la fábrica de gases asfixiantes.","translation":"—The colony has my full preference, because there the factory for asphyxiating gases can be set up.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p142-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"La","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of colonia","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"colonia","lemma":"colonia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of tiene","gloss":"colony"},{"surface":"tiene","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"toda","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of preferencia","gloss":"full"},{"surface":"mi","lemma":"mi","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of preferencia","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"preferencia","lemma":"preferencia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of tiene","gloss":"preference"},{"surface":"porque","lemma":"porque","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of instalar","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"allí","lemma":"allí","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies instalar","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"passive marker of instalar","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"podrá","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of instalar","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"instalar","lemma":"instalar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on tiene","gloss":"be set up"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of fábrica","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"fábrica","lemma":"fábrica","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of instalar","gloss":"factory"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gases","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"gases","lemma":"gas","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies fábrica","gloss":"gases"},{"surface":"asfixiantes","lemma":"asfixiante","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies gases","gloss":"asphyxiating"}]},{"number":286,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p142-s2","source":"Usted, Erdosain, conoce algo al respecto.","translation":"You, Erdosain, know something about that.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p142-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"al respecto","title":"«al respecto»","body":"«Al respecto» means 'about it', 'on the matter', 'in that regard': «conoce algo al respecto» = 'you know something about it'. It refers back to the topic just raised without naming it again."}],"words":[{"surface":"Usted","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, singular","role":"subject of conoce","gloss":"You"},{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"in apposition to Usted","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"conoce","lemma":"conocer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"algo","lemma":"algo","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of conoce","gloss":"something"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking respecto","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"respecto","lemma":"respecto","morphology":"noun","role":"completes the idiom al respecto","gloss":"that","note":"‘Al respecto’ is a fixed phrase meaning ‘about that / in that regard.’"}]},{"number":287,"label":"143","id":"la-farsa-p143-s1","source":"–Sí, que el aristol se puede fabricar electrolíticamente, pero no he estudiado nada al respecto, aunque los gases asfixiantes y el laboratorio bacteriológico son los que deben preocuparnos en grado mayor.","translation":"—Yes, that aristol can be manufactured electrolytically, but I haven't studied anything about it, though the asphyxiating gases and the bacteriological laboratory are what should concern us most.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p143-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sí","lemma":"sí","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Yes"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fabricar","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of aristol","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"aristol","lemma":"aristol","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of fabricar","gloss":"aristol"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"passive marker of fabricar","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"puede","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of fabricar","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"fabricar","lemma":"fabricar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement clause of Sí (introduced by que)","gloss":"be manufactured"},{"surface":"electrolíticamente","lemma":"electrolíticamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fabricar","gloss":"electrolytically"},{"surface":"pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies estudiado","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"he","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of estudiado","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"estudiado","lemma":"estudiar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence (clause coordinated via pero)","gloss":"studied"},{"surface":"nada","lemma":"nada","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of estudiado","gloss":"anything"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking respecto","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"respecto","lemma":"respecto","morphology":"noun","role":"completes the idiom al respecto","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"aunque","lemma":"aunque","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of son","gloss":"though"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of gases","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"gases","lemma":"gas","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of son","gloss":"gases"},{"surface":"asfixiantes","lemma":"asfixiante","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies gases","gloss":"asphyxiating"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of laboratorio","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"laboratorio","lemma":"laboratorio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with gases","gloss":"laboratory"},{"surface":"bacteriológico","lemma":"bacteriológico","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies laboratorio","gloss":"bacteriological"},{"surface":"son","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"adverbial (concessive) clause on estudiado, introduced by aunque","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"forms the relative phrase los que (predicate complement of son)","gloss":"the ones"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of preocuparnos","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"deben","lemma":"deber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of preocuparnos","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"preocuparnos","lemma":"preocupar nosotros","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of son","gloss":"concern us"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking grado","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"grado","lemma":"grado","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of preocuparnos","gloss":"degree"},{"surface":"mayor","lemma":"mayor","morphology":"adjective, singular, comparative","role":"modifies grado","gloss":"greater"}]},{"number":288,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p143-s2","source":"Sobre todo el laboratorio de cultivo de microbios de la peste bubónica y el cólera asiático.","translation":"Above all the laboratory for culturing the microbes of bubonic plague and Asiatic cholera.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p143-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sobre","lemma":"sobre","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the idiom sobre todo (especially/above all)","gloss":"Above"},{"surface":"todo","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"part of the idiom sobre todo (especially/above all)","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of laboratorio","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"laboratorio","lemma":"laboratorio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"laboratory"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cultivo","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"cultivo","lemma":"cultivo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies laboratorio","gloss":"culturing"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking microbios","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"microbios","lemma":"microbio","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies cultivo","gloss":"microbes"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking peste","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of peste","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"peste","lemma":"peste","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies microbios","gloss":"plague"},{"surface":"bubónica","lemma":"bubónico","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies peste","gloss":"bubonic"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cólera","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cólera","lemma":"cólera","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with peste","gloss":"cholera"},{"surface":"asiático","lemma":"asiático","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies cólera","gloss":"Asiatic"}]},{"number":289,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p143-s3","source":"Habría que conseguirse algunas bacterias «tipos», que la ventaja consiste en la enorme baratura de la producción.","translation":"We'd need to get hold of some \"type\" bacteria, the advantage being the enormous cheapness of production.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p143-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Habría que conseguirse","title":"«habría que» + infinitive","body":"«Habría que» plus an infinitive is the conditional of impersonal «hay que»: 'one would have to', 'we'd need to'. «Habría que conseguirse algunas bacterias» = 'we'd have to get hold of some bacteria'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Habría","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, conditional, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"would need","note":"‘Habría que’ is an impersonal idiom meaning ‘it would be necessary to / one would need to.’"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the impersonal periphrasis habría que, links to conseguirse","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"conseguirse","lemma":"conseguir él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of Habría que","gloss":"get hold of"},{"surface":"algunas","lemma":"alguno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of bacterias","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"bacterias","lemma":"bacteria","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of conseguirse","gloss":"bacteria"},{"surface":"tipos","lemma":"tipo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"in apposition to bacterias","gloss":"type"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of consiste (reason: ‘given that’)","gloss":"that","note":"This ‘que’ loosely introduces a reason (‘given that/since’), rendered in English with a participial clause (‘the advantage being…’)."},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of ventaja","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ventaja","lemma":"ventaja","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of consiste","gloss":"advantage"},{"surface":"consiste","lemma":"consistir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the clause introduced by que","gloss":"consists"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking baratura","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of baratura","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"enorme","lemma":"enorme","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies baratura","gloss":"enormous"},{"surface":"baratura","lemma":"baratura","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of en (complement of consiste)","gloss":"cheapness"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking producción","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of producción","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"producción","lemma":"producción","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies baratura","gloss":"production"}]},{"number":290,"label":"144","id":"la-farsa-p144-s1","source":"El Astrólogo intervino:","translation":"The Astrologer spoke up:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p144-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of intervino","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"intervino","lemma":"intervenir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"spoke up"}]},{"number":291,"label":"145","id":"la-farsa-p145-s1","source":"–Creo que lo más conveniente sería dejar para más adelante la organización de la colonia.","translation":"—I think it would be most sensible to leave the organization of the colony for later.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p145-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Creo","lemma":"creer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"think"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sería","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"lo","morphology":"article, neuter, singular","role":"nominalizes conveniente (‘the most convenient thing’); subject of sería","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies conveniente","gloss":"most"},{"surface":"conveniente","lemma":"conveniente","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"part of the phrase lo más conveniente, modifies lo","gloss":"sensible"},{"surface":"sería","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, conditional, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of Creo","gloss":"would be"},{"surface":"dejar","lemma":"dejar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of sería","gloss":"to leave"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking adelante","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies adelante","gloss":"further"},{"surface":"adelante","lemma":"adelante","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dejar","gloss":"ahead"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of organización","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"organización","lemma":"organización","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of dejar","gloss":"organization"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking colonia","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of colonia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"colonia","lemma":"colonia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies organización","gloss":"colony"}]},{"number":292,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p145-s2","source":"Por ahora debemos limitarnos a llevar a cabo el proyecto de Haffner.","translation":"For now we must limit ourselves to carrying out Haffner's project.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p145-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"llevar a cabo","title":"«llevar a cabo»","body":"«Llevar a cabo» is a set phrase meaning 'to carry out', 'to accomplish': «llevar a cabo el proyecto» = 'to carry out the project'. «Cabo» here means 'end / completion', so literally 'to bring to its end'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ahora","gloss":"For"},{"surface":"ahora","lemma":"ahora","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies limitarnos","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"debemos","lemma":"deber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of limitarnos","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"limitarnos","lemma":"limitar nosotros","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"limit ourselves"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of llevar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"llevar","lemma":"llevar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of limitarnos","gloss":"carry","note":"‘Llevar a cabo’ is an idiom meaning ‘to carry out.’"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cabo","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"cabo","lemma":"cabo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"compound with llevar","gloss":"completion"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of proyecto","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"proyecto","lemma":"proyecto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of llevar","gloss":"project"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Haffner","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Haffner","lemma":"Haffner","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies proyecto","gloss":"Haffner"}]},{"number":293,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p145-s3","source":"Sólo cuando dispongamos de entradas, organizaremos el primer contingente que partirá para la colonia.","translation":"Only when we have income coming in will we organize the first contingent to set out for the colony.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p145-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"cuando dispongamos","title":"Subjunctive after future «cuando»","body":"«Cuando» pointing to the future takes the present subjunctive: «cuando dispongamos de entradas» = 'when we have income'. «Disponer de» means 'to have available', 'to have at one's disposal'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Sólo","lemma":"sólo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dispongamos","gloss":"Only"},{"surface":"cuando","lemma":"cuando","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of dispongamos","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"dispongamos","lemma":"disponer","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, first-person, plural","role":"adverbial clause on organizaremos","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking entradas","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"entradas","lemma":"entrada","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of dispongamos","gloss":"income"},{"surface":"organizaremos","lemma":"organizar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"will organize"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of contingente","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"primer","lemma":"primero","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies contingente","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"contingente","lemma":"contingente","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of organizaremos","gloss":"contingent"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of partirá","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"partirá","lemma":"partir","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying contingente","gloss":"will set out"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking colonia","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of colonia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"colonia","lemma":"colonia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of partirá","gloss":"colony"}]},{"number":294,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p145-s4","source":"¿Usted, Erdosain, me había hablado de una familia?","translation":"You, Erdosain, had spoken to me about a family?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p145-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Usted","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, singular","role":"subject of hablado","gloss":"You"},{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"in apposition to Usted","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of hablado","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"había","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of hablado","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"hablado","lemma":"hablar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"spoken"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking familia","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of familia","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"familia","lemma":"familia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of hablado","gloss":"family"}]},{"number":295,"label":"146","id":"la-farsa-p146-s1","source":"–Sí; los Espila.","translation":"—Yes; the Espilas.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p146-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sí","lemma":"sí","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Yes"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of Espila","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Espila","lemma":"Espila","morphology":"proper noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Espilas"}]},{"number":296,"label":"147","id":"la-farsa-p147-s1","source":"Haffner repuso:","translation":"Haffner retorted:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p147-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Haffner","lemma":"Haffner","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of repuso","gloss":"Haffner"},{"surface":"repuso","lemma":"reponer","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"retorted"}]},{"number":297,"label":"148","id":"la-farsa-p148-s1","source":"–¡Qué diablo!","translation":"—What the devil!","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p148-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"determiner, exclamative, singular","role":"modifies diablo","gloss":"What"},{"surface":"diablo","lemma":"diablo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"devil"}]},{"number":298,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p148-s2","source":"Me parece que no hacemos nada más que hablar macanas.","translation":"It seems to me we do nothing but talk nonsense.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p148-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"macanas","title":"«macana» (lunfardo)","body":"«Macana» is River Plate slang for 'nonsense', 'rubbish', 'a blunder': «hablar macanas» = 'to talk rubbish'. A staple of Buenos Aires «lunfardo» speech; «macanudo», by contrast, means 'great'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of parece","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"parece","lemma":"parecer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"it seems"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hacemos","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hacemos","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"hacemos","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"depends on parece","gloss":"we do"},{"surface":"nada","lemma":"nada","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of hacemos","gloss":"nothing","note":"'no ... nada más que' is an idiom meaning 'nothing but, only.'"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase nada","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hablar","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"hablar","lemma":"hablar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on hacemos","gloss":"talk"},{"surface":"macanas","lemma":"macana","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of hablar","gloss":"nonsense"}]},{"number":299,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p148-s3","source":"Si bien es cierto que yo en la sociedad de ustedes no paso de ser un simple informante, me parece que ahora mismo debería resolverse algo.","translation":"While it's true that in your society I'm no more than a mere informant, it seems to me something ought to be decided right now.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p148-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Si bien es cierto","title":"«si bien» (although)","body":"«Si bien» means 'although', 'while it's true that' — a concessive, not a condition. «Si bien es cierto que…» = 'although it's true that…'. It concedes a point before stating the speaker's own."}],"words":[{"surface":"Si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of cierto","gloss":"While","note":"'Si bien' is a set phrase meaning 'although, even though.'"},{"surface":"bien","lemma":"bien","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase Si","gloss":"though"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to cierto","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"cierto","lemma":"cierto","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"adverbial clause on parece","gloss":"true"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of paso","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of paso","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sociedad","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of sociedad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sociedad","lemma":"sociedad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of paso","gloss":"society"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ustedes","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"ustedes","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, plural","role":"modifies sociedad","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies paso","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"paso","lemma":"pasar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"depends on cierto","gloss":"I amount","note":"'no pasar de ser' is an idiom: 'to be no more than, to be just.'"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of ser","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"ser","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, infinitive","role":"copula linking to informante","gloss":"being"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of informante","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"simple","lemma":"simple","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies informante","gloss":"mere"},{"surface":"informante","lemma":"informante","morphology":"noun, singular","role":"complement of ser","gloss":"informant"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of parece","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"parece","lemma":"parecer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"it seems"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of debería","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ahora","lemma":"ahora","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies debería","gloss":"right"},{"surface":"mismo","lemma":"mismo","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase ahora","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"debería","lemma":"deber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, conditional, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of resolverse","gloss":"ought to"},{"surface":"resolverse","lemma":"resolver él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of parece","gloss":"be resolved"},{"surface":"algo","lemma":"algo","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of resolverse","gloss":"something"}]},{"number":300,"label":"149","id":"la-farsa-p149-s1","source":"El Astrólogo lo miró y repuso:","translation":"The Astrologer looked at him and retorted:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p149-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of miró","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of miró","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"miró","lemma":"mirar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"looked at"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"repuso","lemma":"reponer","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with miró","gloss":"retorted"}]},{"number":301,"label":"150","id":"la-farsa-p150-s1","source":"–¿Está usted dispuesto a dar el dinero para hacer algo?","translation":"—Are you willing to put up the money to do something?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p150-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Está","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to dispuesto","gloss":"Are"},{"surface":"usted","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, singular","role":"subject of dispuesto","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"dispuesto","lemma":"dispuesto","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"willing"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of dar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"dar","lemma":"dar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of dispuesto","gloss":"put up"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of dinero","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"dinero","lemma":"dinero","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of dar","gloss":"money"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of hacer","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"hacer","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on dar","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"algo","lemma":"algo","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of hacer","gloss":"something"}]},{"number":302,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p150-s2","source":"No.","translation":"No.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p150-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"No","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"No"}]},{"number":303,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p150-s3","source":"¿Y entonces?","translation":"And so?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p150-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies entonces","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"entonces","lemma":"entonces","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"so"}]},{"number":304,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p150-s4","source":"Espere usted a que dispongamos de un capital, que no puede pasar muchos días tendremos, y entonces, ya verá.","translation":"Wait until we have some capital, which we'll have in no more than a few days, and then you'll see.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p150-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Espere usted a que dispongamos","title":"«esperar a que» + subjunctive","body":"«Esperar a que» ('to wait until / for') takes the subjunctive: «espere a que dispongamos» = 'wait until we have'. The present subjunctive «dispongamos» marks the awaited event as still pending."}],"words":[{"surface":"Espere","lemma":"esperar","morphology":"verb, imperative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"Wait"},{"surface":"usted","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, singular","role":"subject of Espere","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of dispongamos","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of dispongamos","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"dispongamos","lemma":"disponer","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, first-person, plural","role":"clausal complement of Espere","gloss":"we have"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking capital","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of capital","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"capital","lemma":"capital","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of dispongamos","gloss":"capital"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of pasar","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies pasar","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"puede","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of pasar","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"pasar","lemma":"pasar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clause modifying capital","gloss":"go by"},{"surface":"muchos","lemma":"mucho","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of días","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"días","lemma":"día","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of pasar","gloss":"days"},{"surface":"tendremos","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"complement of pasar","gloss":"we'll have"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"entonces","lemma":"entonces","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies verá","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"ya","lemma":"ya","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies verá","gloss":"just","note":"'Ya' + future adds emphasis; 'ya verá' ≈ 'you'll (just) see.'"},{"surface":"verá","lemma":"ver","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with Espere","gloss":"you'll see"}]},{"number":305,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p150-s5","source":"Haffner se levantó, y mirándolo al Buscador de Oro, dijo:","translation":"Haffner stood up and, looking at the Gold Seeker, said:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p150-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Haffner","lemma":"Haffner","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of levantó","gloss":"Haffner"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of levantó","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"levantó","lemma":"levantar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with dijo","gloss":"stood up"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"mirándolo","lemma":"mirar él","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on dijo","gloss":"looking at him"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Buscador","gloss":"at the"},{"surface":"Buscador","lemma":"Buscador","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of mirándolo","gloss":"Seeker"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Oro","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Oro","lemma":"Oro","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name Buscador","gloss":"Gold"},{"surface":"dijo","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"}]},{"number":306,"label":"151","id":"la-farsa-p151-s1","source":"–Ya sabe, compañero; cuando el asunto de la colonia esté listo, me avisa; y si necesita gente, mejor que mejor, yo le proporcionaré una gavilla de malandrines que no van a tener ningún inconveniente en dejar Buenos Aires –y poniéndose el sombrero, sin darle la mano a nadie y saludándolos a todos con un gesto, iba a salir, cuando, recordando algo, exclamó dirigiéndose al Astrólogo–: Si se apura a conseguir el dinero, hay un magnífico prostíbulo en venta.","translation":"—You know how it is, comrade; when the colony business is ready, let me know; and if you need people, all the better, I'll supply you a gang of crooks who won't have the slightest objection to leaving Buenos Aires —and putting on his hat, shaking no one's hand and saluting them all with a gesture, he was about to leave when, remembering something, he exclaimed, turning to the Astrologer—: If you hurry to get the money, there's a magnificent brothel for sale.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p151-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"malandrines / gavilla","title":"«malandrín» and «gavilla»","body":"«Malandrín» (cousin of the lunfardo «malandra») means a crook or scoundrel, and «una gavilla» is a 'band / gang' of them: «una gavilla de malandrines» = 'a gang of crooks'. Haffner is offering recruits from the Buenos Aires underworld."},{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"se apura","title":"«apurarse»","body":"In the River Plate «apurarse» means 'to hurry', 'to get a move on': «si se apura a conseguir el dinero» = 'if you hurry to get the money'. (In Spain the same verb leans toward 'to worry / fret'.)"}],"words":[{"surface":"Ya","lemma":"ya","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sabe","gloss":"Already"},{"surface":"sabe","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"you know"},{"surface":"compañero","lemma":"compañero","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"vocative address","gloss":"comrade"},{"surface":"cuando","lemma":"cuando","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of listo","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of asunto","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"asunto","lemma":"asunto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of listo","gloss":"business"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking colonia","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of colonia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"colonia","lemma":"colonia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies asunto","gloss":"colony"},{"surface":"esté","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to listo","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"listo","lemma":"listo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"adverbial clause on avisa","gloss":"ready"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of avisa","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"avisa","lemma":"avisar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the clause","gloss":"let know"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of necesita","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"necesita","lemma":"necesitar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on proporcionaré","gloss":"you need"},{"surface":"gente","lemma":"gente","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of necesita","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"mejor","lemma":"mejor","morphology":"adjective, singular, comparative","role":"part of the idiom mejor que mejor","gloss":"better","note":"'Mejor que mejor' is a set phrase meaning 'all the better.'"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of mejor","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"mejor","lemma":"mejor","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies mejor","gloss":"better"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of proporcionaré","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of proporcionaré","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"proporcionaré","lemma":"proporcionar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with avisa","gloss":"I'll supply"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of gavilla","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gavilla","lemma":"gavilla","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of proporcionaré","gloss":"gang"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking malandrines","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"malandrines","lemma":"malandrín","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies gavilla","gloss":"crooks"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of tener","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tener","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"van","lemma":"ir","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of tener","gloss":"are going"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of tener","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"tener","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clause modifying malandrines","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"ningún","lemma":"ninguno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of inconveniente","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"inconveniente","lemma":"inconveniente","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of tener","gloss":"objection"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of dejar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"dejar","lemma":"dejar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clause modifying inconveniente","gloss":"leaving"},{"surface":"Buenos","lemma":"Buenos","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of dejar","gloss":"Buenos"},{"surface":"Aires","lemma":"Aires","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name Buenos","gloss":"Aires"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"poniéndose","lemma":"poner él","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on iba","gloss":"putting on"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of sombrero","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sombrero","lemma":"sombrero","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of poniéndose","gloss":"hat"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of darle","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"darle","lemma":"dar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on poniéndose","gloss":"shaking"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mano","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mano","lemma":"mano","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of darle","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nadie","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"nadie","lemma":"nadie","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"indirect object of darle","gloss":"no one"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"saludándolos","lemma":"saludar él","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"coordinated with poniéndose","gloss":"saluting them"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking todos","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"todos","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of saludándolos","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gesto","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of gesto","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gesto","lemma":"gesto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of saludándolos","gloss":"gesture"},{"surface":"iba","lemma":"ir","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of salir","gloss":"was about to"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of salir","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"salir","lemma":"salir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the narrative clause","gloss":"leave"},{"surface":"cuando","lemma":"cuando","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of exclamó","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"recordando","lemma":"recordar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on exclamó","gloss":"remembering"},{"surface":"algo","lemma":"algo","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of recordando","gloss":"something"},{"surface":"exclamó","lemma":"exclamar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on salir","gloss":"he exclaimed"},{"surface":"dirigiéndose","lemma":"dirigir él","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"complement of exclamó","gloss":"turning"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Astrólogo","gloss":"to the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of dirigiéndose","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"Si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of apura","gloss":"If"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of apura","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"apura","lemma":"apurar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on hay","gloss":"you hurry"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of conseguir","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"conseguir","lemma":"conseguir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of apura","gloss":"get"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of dinero","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"dinero","lemma":"dinero","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of conseguir","gloss":"money"},{"surface":"hay","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"there is"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of prostíbulo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"magnífico","lemma":"magnífico","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies prostíbulo","gloss":"magnificent"},{"surface":"prostíbulo","lemma":"prostíbulo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of hay","gloss":"brothel"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking venta","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"venta","lemma":"venta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of hay","gloss":"sale"}]},{"number":307,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p151-s2","source":"Tiene anexo y churrasquería, y además se juega mucho.","translation":"It has an annex and a grill-house, and on top of that there's heavy gambling.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p151-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tiene","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"It has"},{"surface":"anexo","lemma":"anexo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of Tiene","gloss":"an annex"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"churrasquería","lemma":"churrasquería","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with anexo","gloss":"a grill-house"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"además","lemma":"además","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies juega","gloss":"on top of that"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, reflexive","role":"depends on juega","gloss":"there","note":"Impersonal/passive se: 'se juega' = 'gambling happens, there's gambling.'"},{"surface":"juega","lemma":"jugar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with Tiene","gloss":"is gambling"},{"surface":"mucho","lemma":"mucho","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies juega","gloss":"heavy"}]},{"number":308,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p151-s3","source":"El patrón es un uruguayo y pide 15.000 pesos al contado, pero con diez mil y los otros cinco a un año de plazo creo que se conformará.","translation":"The owner is a Uruguayan and he's asking 15,000 pesos in cash, but with ten thousand and the other five over a one-year term I think he'll settle.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p151-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"al contado","title":"«al contado»","body":"«Al contado» means 'in cash', 'paid up front': «15.000 pesos al contado» = '15,000 pesos in cash'. Its opposite is «a plazo» ('on installments / on credit'), which appears in the same sentence."}],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of patrón","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"patrón","lemma":"patrón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of uruguayo","gloss":"owner"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to uruguayo","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of uruguayo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"uruguayo","lemma":"uruguayo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Uruguayan"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"pide","lemma":"pedir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with uruguayo","gloss":"asks"},{"surface":"pesos","lemma":"peso","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of pide","gloss":"pesos"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies pide","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"contado","lemma":"contado","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"part of the phrase al","gloss":"cash"},{"surface":"pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mil","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"diez","lemma":"diez","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies mil","gloss":"ten"},{"surface":"mil","lemma":"mil","morphology":"numeral","role":"oblique complement of con","gloss":"thousand"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of otros","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"otros","lemma":"otro","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies cinco","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"cinco","lemma":"cinco","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"coordinated with mil","gloss":"five"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking año","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of año","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"año","lemma":"año","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of pide","gloss":"year"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking plazo","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"plazo","lemma":"plazo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies año","gloss":"term"},{"surface":"creo","lemma":"creer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the clause","gloss":"I think"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of conformará","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of conformará","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"conformará","lemma":"conformar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of creo","gloss":"he'll settle"}]},{"number":309,"label":"152","id":"la-farsa-p152-s1","source":"–¿Puede usted venir el viernes aquí?","translation":"—Can you come here on Friday?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p152-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Puede","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of venir","gloss":"Can"},{"surface":"usted","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, singular","role":"subject of venir","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"venir","lemma":"venir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of viernes","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"viernes","lemma":"viernes","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of venir","gloss":"Friday"},{"surface":"aquí","lemma":"aquí","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies venir","gloss":"here"}]},{"number":310,"label":"153","id":"la-farsa-p153-s1","source":"–Sí.","translation":"—Yes.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p153-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sí","lemma":"sí","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Yes"}]},{"number":311,"label":"154","id":"la-farsa-p154-s1","source":"–Bueno, véame el viernes, creo que arreglaremos el asunto.","translation":"—All right, come see me on Friday, I think we'll settle the matter.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p154-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"véame","title":"Command with attached pronoun","body":"«Véame» is the «usted» imperative of «ver» with the object pronoun attached: «vea» + «me» = «véame» ('see me / come see me'), the accent kept to preserve the stress. Affirmative commands always take the pronoun on the end."}],"words":[{"surface":"Bueno","lemma":"bueno","morphology":"interjection","role":"modifies véame","gloss":"All right"},{"surface":"véame","lemma":"ver yo","morphology":"verb, imperative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"come see me"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of viernes","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"viernes","lemma":"viernes","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of véame","gloss":"Friday"},{"surface":"creo","lemma":"creer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the clause","gloss":"I think"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of arreglaremos","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"arreglaremos","lemma":"arreglar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"clausal complement of creo","gloss":"we'll settle"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of asunto","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"asunto","lemma":"asunto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of arreglaremos","gloss":"matter"}]},{"number":312,"label":"155","id":"la-farsa-p155-s1","source":"–Salú.","translation":"—So long.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p155-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Salú","title":"«Salú»","body":"«Salú» is the colloquial River Plate pronunciation of «salud» (the final «-d» dropped), used here as a casual 'cheers / so long' in parting. The clipped spelling captures Haffner's offhand, streetwise tone."}],"words":[{"surface":"Salú","lemma":"salud","morphology":"interjection","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"So long","note":"'Salú' is a colloquial clipping of 'salud' used as an informal farewell."}]},{"number":313,"label":"","id":"la-farsa-p155-s2","source":"–Así saludó el Rufián, y salió.","translation":"—That is how the Ruffian said goodbye, and he walked out.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/la-farsa-p155-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies saludó","gloss":"That is how"},{"surface":"saludó","lemma":"saludar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said goodbye"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Rufián","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Rufián","lemma":"Rufián","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of saludó","gloss":"Ruffian"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"salió","lemma":"salir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with saludó","gloss":"he walked out"}]}]}