{"work":{"slug":"arlt","title":{"source":"Los siete locos","translated":"The Seven Madmen"},"author":"Roberto Arlt","language":"Spanish","languageCode":"es","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/arlt"},"unit":{"kind":"chapter","number":null,"id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente","title":{"source":"Sensación de lo subconsciente","translated":"A Sense of the Subconscious"},"section":"Part Two","summary":null,"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente","lines":309},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/books/arlt/un-crimen","next":"https://1732studios.com/books/arlt/la-revelacion","license":"Source text: public domain (Roberto Arlt, d. 1942). English translation: © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC — original draft, pending editorial review. NOTE: this is a minimal seed excerpt to make the app target runnable; full verified content is authored through the content pipeline.","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/","lines":[{"number":1,"label":"1","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p1-s1","source":"Semi incorporado en un sofá, con los brazos cruzados y la galera echada sobre la frente, el Astrólogo meditaba esa noche sus preocupaciones, en la oscuridad del escritorio.","translation":"Half propped up on a sofa, his arms crossed and his top hat pulled down over his forehead, the Astrologer brooded that night over his worries, in the darkness of the study.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p1-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"galera","title":"«galera»","body":"In the Río de la Plata «galera» is a top hat (elsewhere in Spanish it can be a galley or a wagon shed). The Astrologer's «galera echada sobre la frente» — hat tugged down over his brow — is a recurring physical tag for him throughout the novel."},{"kind":"grammar","term":"meditaba","title":"Imperfect for a held action","body":"«Meditaba» is the imperfect of «meditar» ('to ponder'). The imperfect paints an ongoing, unbounded past action — 'he was brooding / he brooded on and on' — rather than a single finished event, which sets the scene's stalled, suspended mood."}],"words":[{"surface":"Semi","lemma":"semi","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies incorporado","gloss":"Half"},{"surface":"incorporado","lemma":"incorporado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"participial modifier of Astrólogo (absolute construction)","gloss":"propped up"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sofá","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of sofá","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"sofá","lemma":"sofá","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of incorporado","gloss":"sofa"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking brazos","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of brazos","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"brazos","lemma":"brazo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of cruzados (absolute participial phrase)","gloss":"arms"},{"surface":"cruzados","lemma":"cruzado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies brazos","gloss":"crossed"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of galera","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"galera","lemma":"galera","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of echada","gloss":"top hat"},{"surface":"echada","lemma":"echado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with cruzados (absolute participial phrase)","gloss":"pulled down"},{"surface":"sobre","lemma":"sobre","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking frente","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of frente","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"frente","lemma":"frente","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of echada","gloss":"forehead"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of meditaba","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"meditaba","lemma":"meditar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"brooded"},{"surface":"esa","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of noche","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"noche","lemma":"noche","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of meditaba","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of preocupaciones","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"preocupaciones","lemma":"preocupación","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of meditaba","gloss":"worries"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking oscuridad","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of oscuridad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"oscuridad","lemma":"oscuridad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of meditaba","gloss":"darkness"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking escritorio","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"escritorio","lemma":"escritorio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies oscuridad","gloss":"study"}]},{"number":2,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p1-s2","source":"La lluvia batía en los cristales de la ventana, pero no la escuchaba ensimismado en numerosos proyectos.","translation":"The rain beat against the windowpanes, but he did not hear it, lost in himself amid countless schemes.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p1-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ensimismado","title":"«ensimismado»","body":"«Ensimismado» = absorbed in oneself, lost in thought. It is built transparently from «en sí mismo» ('in oneself') and is the perfect word for the Astrologer's inward, self-enclosed brooding."}],"words":[{"surface":"La","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of lluvia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"lluvia","lemma":"lluvia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of batía","gloss":"rain"},{"surface":"batía","lemma":"batir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"beat"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cristales","gloss":"against"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of cristales","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cristales","lemma":"cristal","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of batía","gloss":"windowpanes"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ventana","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of ventana","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ventana","lemma":"ventana","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies cristales","gloss":"window"},{"surface":"pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies escuchaba","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of escuchaba","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"escuchaba","lemma":"escuchar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with batía","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"ensimismado","lemma":"ensimismado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies the implied subject of escuchaba","gloss":"lost in himself"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking proyectos","gloss":"amid"},{"surface":"numerosos","lemma":"numeroso","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies proyectos","gloss":"countless"},{"surface":"proyectos","lemma":"proyecto","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of ensimismado","gloss":"schemes"}]},{"number":3,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p1-s3","source":"Además, le ocurría algo extraño.","translation":"Besides, something strange was happening to him.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p1-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"le ocurría","title":"«ocurrir» with an indirect object","body":"«Le ocurría algo» = 'something was happening to him'. «Ocurrir» ('to happen') takes the indirect-object pronoun «le» ('to him') to mark the person it happens to; the imperfect «ocurría» leaves the strange event still unfolding."}],"words":[{"surface":"Además","lemma":"además","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ocurría","gloss":"besides"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of ocurría","gloss":"to him"},{"surface":"ocurría","lemma":"ocurrir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was happening"},{"surface":"algo","lemma":"algo","morphology":"pronoun, indefinite","role":"subject of ocurría","gloss":"something"},{"surface":"extraño","lemma":"extraño","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies algo","gloss":"strange"}]},{"number":4,"label":"2","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p2-s1","source":"La proximidad del crimen a cometer aceleraba en el espacio de tiempo normal otro tiempo particular.","translation":"The nearness of the crime to be committed sped up, within the space of normal time, another time all its own.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p2-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"a cometer","title":"«a» + infinitive = 'to be done'","body":"«El crimen a cometer» = 'the crime to be committed', i.e. the crime still to come. «A» before an infinitive after a noun expresses something pending or yet to be carried out — like English 'a task to do', 'a bill to pay'."}],"words":[{"surface":"La","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of proximidad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"proximidad","lemma":"proximidad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of aceleraba","gloss":"nearness"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking crimen","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"crimen","lemma":"crimen","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies proximidad","gloss":"crime"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of cometer","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"cometer","lemma":"cometer","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"modifies crimen","gloss":"be committed"},{"surface":"aceleraba","lemma":"acelerar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sped up"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking espacio","gloss":"within"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of espacio","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"espacio","lemma":"espacio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of aceleraba","gloss":"space"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tiempo","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"tiempo","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies espacio","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"normal","lemma":"normal","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies tiempo","gloss":"normal"},{"surface":"otro","lemma":"otro","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of tiempo","gloss":"another"},{"surface":"tiempo","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of aceleraba","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"particular","lemma":"particular","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies tiempo","gloss":"its own"}]},{"number":5,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p2-s2","source":"Recibía así la sensación de existir sensibilizado en dos tiempos.","translation":"He thus received the sensation of existing, made acutely aware, in two times at once.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p2-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"sensibilizado","title":"«sensibilizado»","body":"«Sensibilizado» is the past participle of «sensibilizar» ('to make sensitive, to heighten the senses'). Here it describes the Astrologer's perception sharpened to the point of pain — he feels himself living in two simultaneous tempos."}],"words":[{"surface":"Recibía","lemma":"recibir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"received"},{"surface":"así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Recibía","gloss":"thus"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of sensación","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sensación","lemma":"sensación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of Recibía","gloss":"sensation"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of existir","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"existir","lemma":"existir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clause modifying sensación","gloss":"existing"},{"surface":"sensibilizado","lemma":"sensibilizado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"complement of existir","gloss":"made aware"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tiempos","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"dos","lemma":"dos","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies tiempos","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"tiempos","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of sensibilizado","gloss":"times"}]},{"number":6,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p2-s3","source":"Uno natural a todos los estados de la vida normal, otro fugacísimo y pesado en los latidos de su corazón, escapándose entre sus dedos trabados por la meditación como el agua de un cesto.","translation":"One natural to every state of ordinary life, the other fleeting in the extreme yet heavy in the beats of his heart, slipping through his fingers — locked together in meditation — like water through a basket.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p2-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"fugacísimo","title":"The «-ísimo» superlative","body":"«Fugacísimo» = «fugaz» ('fleeting') + «-ísimo», the absolute superlative: 'extremely fleeting'. Spanish attaches «-ísimo» to an adjective to push it to its limit, without 'most' or 'very' — a single emphatic word."}],"words":[{"surface":"Uno","lemma":"uno","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition to tiempos","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"natural","lemma":"natural","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Uno","gloss":"natural"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking estados","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"todos","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"modifies estados","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of estados","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"estados","lemma":"estado","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of natural","gloss":"states"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vida","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of vida","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"vida","lemma":"vida","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies estados","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"normal","lemma":"normal","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies vida","gloss":"ordinary"},{"surface":"otro","lemma":"otro","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition to tiempos","gloss":"the other"},{"surface":"fugacísimo","lemma":"fugaz","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular, superlative","role":"modifies otro","gloss":"extremely fleeting","note":"Superlative of fugaz ('fleeting'): the -ísimo ending intensifies it to 'extremely fleeting.'"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"pesado","lemma":"pesado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with fugacísimo","gloss":"heavy"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking latidos","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of latidos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"latidos","lemma":"latido","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of pesado","gloss":"beats"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking corazón","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of corazón","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"corazón","lemma":"corazón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies latidos","gloss":"heart"},{"surface":"escapándose","lemma":"escapar él","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"clause modifying otro","gloss":"slipping away"},{"surface":"entre","lemma":"entre","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dedos","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of dedos","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"dedos","lemma":"dedo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of escapándose","gloss":"fingers"},{"surface":"trabados","lemma":"trabado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies dedos","gloss":"locked"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking meditación","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of meditación","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"meditación","lemma":"meditación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"agent of trabados","gloss":"meditation"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of agua","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of agua","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"agua","lemma":"agua","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of escapándose","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cesto","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cesto","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"cesto","lemma":"cesto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies agua","gloss":"basket"}]},{"number":7,"label":"3","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p3-s1","source":"Y el Astrólogo, retenido dentro del tiempo del reloj, sentía deslizarse en su cerebro el otro tiempo rapidísimo e interminable que como una película cinematográfica, al deslizarse vertiginosamente, hería con las imágenes que aparejaba, su sensibilidad, de un modo impreciso y fatigante, ya que antes de percibir con claridad una idea ésta había desaparecido para ser substituida por otra.","translation":"And the Astrologer, held inside clock time, felt sliding through his brain that other time, swift beyond measure and unending, which — like a strip of film, reeling past dizzyingly — wounded his sensibility with the images it strung together, in a way blurred and exhausting, since before he could perceive an idea clearly it had already vanished, to be replaced by another.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p3-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"al deslizarse","title":"«al» + infinitive","body":"«Al deslizarse» = 'on sliding / as it slides'. «Al» plus an infinitive compresses a clause of time into two words — 'upon doing X'. The reflexive «-se» on «deslizar» makes it 'to slide along, glide'."},{"kind":"grammar","term":"había desaparecido","title":"Pluperfect for 'already gone'","body":"«Había desaparecido» is the pluperfect (imperfect of «haber» + participle): 'it had disappeared'. It marks an action completed before another past moment — the idea was gone before he could grasp it."}],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links to the previous sentence","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of sentía","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"retenido","lemma":"retenido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Astrólogo","gloss":"held"},{"surface":"dentro","lemma":"dentro","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies retenido","gloss":"inside"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tiempo","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"tiempo","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of dentro","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking reloj","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"reloj","lemma":"reloj","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies tiempo","gloss":"clock"},{"surface":"sentía","lemma":"sentir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"felt"},{"surface":"deslizarse","lemma":"deslizar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of sentía","gloss":"sliding"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cerebro","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of cerebro","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"cerebro","lemma":"cerebro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of deslizarse","gloss":"brain"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of tiempo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"otro","lemma":"otro","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of tiempo","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"tiempo","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of deslizarse","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"rapidísimo","lemma":"rápido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular, superlative","role":"modifies tiempo","gloss":"extremely swift"},{"surface":"e","lemma":"e","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"interminable","lemma":"interminable","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"coordinated with rapidísimo","gloss":"unending"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of hería","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the comparison with película","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of película","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"película","lemma":"película","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"complement of como","gloss":"film"},{"surface":"cinematográfica","lemma":"cinematográfico","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies película","gloss":"cinematic"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking deslizarse","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"deslizarse","lemma":"deslizar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause modifying película","gloss":"reeling by"},{"surface":"vertiginosamente","lemma":"vertiginosamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies deslizarse","gloss":"dizzyingly"},{"surface":"hería","lemma":"herir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the relative clause (subject: que)","gloss":"wounded"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking imágenes","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of imágenes","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"imágenes","lemma":"imagen","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of hería","gloss":"images"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"direct object of aparejaba","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"aparejaba","lemma":"aparejar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying imágenes","gloss":"strung together"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of sensibilidad","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"sensibilidad","lemma":"sensibilidad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of hería","gloss":"sensibility"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking modo","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of modo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"modo","lemma":"modo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of hería","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"impreciso","lemma":"impreciso","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies modo","gloss":"blurred"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fatigante","lemma":"fatigante","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"coordinated with impreciso","gloss":"exhausting"},{"surface":"ya","lemma":"ya","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the causal clause (ya que) modifying hería","gloss":"since","note":"'ya que' is a fixed causal phrase meaning 'since / given that.'"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase ya","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"antes","lemma":"antes","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of percibir","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase antes","gloss":"of","note":"'antes de' + infinitive means 'before doing something.'"},{"surface":"percibir","lemma":"percibir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on desaparecido","gloss":"perceiving"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking claridad","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"claridad","lemma":"claridad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of percibir","gloss":"clarity"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of idea","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"idea","lemma":"idea","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of percibir","gloss":"idea"},{"surface":"ésta","lemma":"este","morphology":"pronoun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of desaparecido","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"había","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of desaparecido","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"desaparecido","lemma":"desaparecer","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"predicate of the ya-que clause (subject: ésta)","gloss":"vanished"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of substituida","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ser","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of substituida","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"substituida","lemma":"substituir","morphology":"verb, past, participle, feminine, singular","role":"adverbial clause on desaparecido","gloss":"replaced"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking otra","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"otra","lemma":"otro","morphology":"pronoun, feminine, singular","role":"agent of substituida","gloss":"another"}]},{"number":8,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p3-s2","source":"Tal que, cuando miraba el reloj encendiendo un fósforo, comprobaba que el tiempo transcurrido era de minutos, mientras que en su entendimiento esos minutos mecánicos, acelerados por su ansiedad, tenían otra longitud que ningún reloj podía medir.","translation":"So much so that when he looked at the clock, striking a match, he confirmed that the time elapsed was only minutes, while in his understanding those mechanical minutes, accelerated by his anxiety, had another length that no clock could measure.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p3-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"fósforo","title":"«fósforo»","body":"«Fósforo» (literally 'phosphorus') is the everyday Río de la Plata word for a match. The Astrologer keeps striking matches to read the clock in the dark study — a small recurring gesture that measures the scene's stalled time."}],"words":[{"surface":"Tal","lemma":"tal","morphology":"pronoun, correlative","role":"introduces the clause of comprobaba","gloss":"so much so"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase Tal","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"cuando","lemma":"cuando","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of miraba","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"miraba","lemma":"mirar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on comprobaba","gloss":"looked at"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of reloj","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"reloj","lemma":"reloj","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of miraba","gloss":"clock"},{"surface":"encendiendo","lemma":"encender","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on miraba","gloss":"striking"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of fósforo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"fósforo","lemma":"fósforo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of encendiendo","gloss":"match"},{"surface":"comprobaba","lemma":"comprobar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"confirmed"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of era","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of tiempo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tiempo","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of era","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"transcurrido","lemma":"transcurrido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies tiempo","gloss":"elapsed"},{"surface":"era","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to minutos","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking minutos","gloss":"of","note":"'ser de' + noun can mean 'to consist of, amount to.'"},{"surface":"minutos","lemma":"minuto","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"predicate complement of era","gloss":"minutes"},{"surface":"mientras","lemma":"mientras","morphology":"conjunction","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase mientras","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking entendimiento","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of entendimiento","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"entendimiento","lemma":"entendimiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of tenían","gloss":"understanding"},{"surface":"esos","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of minutos","gloss":"those"},{"surface":"minutos","lemma":"minuto","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of tenían","gloss":"minutes"},{"surface":"mecánicos","lemma":"mecánico","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies minutos","gloss":"mechanical"},{"surface":"acelerados","lemma":"acelerado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies minutos","gloss":"accelerated"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ansiedad","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of ansiedad","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"ansiedad","lemma":"ansiedad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"agent of acelerados","gloss":"anxiety"},{"surface":"tenían","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the clause introduced by mientras","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"otra","lemma":"otro","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of longitud","gloss":"another"},{"surface":"longitud","lemma":"longitud","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of tenían","gloss":"length"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"direct object of medir","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ningún","lemma":"ninguno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of reloj","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"reloj","lemma":"reloj","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of medir","gloss":"clock"},{"surface":"podía","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of medir","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"medir","lemma":"medir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the relative clause modifying longitud","gloss":"measure"}]},{"number":9,"label":"4","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p4-s1","source":"Sensación que lo retenía en la oscuridad, a la expectativa.","translation":"A sensation that held him in the darkness, on the alert.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p4-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"a la expectativa","title":"«a la expectativa»","body":"«A la expectativa» = 'on the lookout, waiting watchfully'. The fixed phrase describes a state of tense, suspended anticipation — exactly the Astrologer's posture as he waits in the dark."}],"words":[{"surface":"Sensación","lemma":"sensación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"sensation"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of retenía","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of retenía","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"retenía","lemma":"retener","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying Sensación","gloss":"held"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking oscuridad","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of oscuridad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"oscuridad","lemma":"oscuridad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of retenía","gloss":"darkness"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking expectativa","gloss":"on","note":"'a la expectativa' is a set phrase meaning 'on the alert, watchful.'"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of expectativa","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"expectativa","lemma":"expectativa","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of retenía","gloss":"alert"}]},{"number":10,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p4-s2","source":"Comprendía que cualquier error cometido en dicho estado podría serle fatal más tarde.","translation":"He understood that any error made in such a state could prove fatal to him later on.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p4-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"podría serle","title":"Conditional «podría»","body":"«Podría serle fatal» = 'could be fatal to him'. «Podría» is the conditional of «poder», expressing a hypothetical possibility ('could, might'); «-le» is the indirect object 'to him'. The conditional projects a consequence that has not yet happened."}],"words":[{"surface":"Comprendía","lemma":"comprender","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"understood"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fatal","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"cualquier","lemma":"cualquiera","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of error","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"error","lemma":"error","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of serle","gloss":"error"},{"surface":"cometido","lemma":"cometido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies error","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking estado","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"dicho","lemma":"dicho","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies estado","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"estado","lemma":"estado","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of cometido","gloss":"state"},{"surface":"podría","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, conditional, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of serle","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"serle","lemma":"ser","morphology":"copula verb, infinitive, + dative clitic 'le'","role":"copula linking error to fatal","gloss":"be to him","note":"'-le' is a dative clitic ('to him') attached to the infinitive ser."},{"surface":"fatal","lemma":"fatal","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"predicate complement of serle","gloss":"fatal"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tarde","gloss":"later"},{"surface":"tarde","lemma":"tarde","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies serle","gloss":"late"}]},{"number":11,"label":"5","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p5-s1","source":"El asesinato del hombre Barsut no le preocupaba mayormente, sino las precauciones que debía tomar para que ese hecho no adquiriera importancia indebida.","translation":"The murder of the man Barsut did not worry him greatly; what worried him were the precautions he had to take so that the deed should not take on undue importance.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p5-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"para que … adquiriera","title":"Subjunctive after «para que»","body":"«Para que ese hecho no adquiriera importancia» uses the subjunctive «adquiriera». «Para que» ('so that') introduces a purpose clause and always triggers the subjunctive; the imperfect subjunctive «adquiriera» follows the past-tense main verb."}],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of asesinato","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"asesinato","lemma":"asesinato","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of preocupaba","gloss":"murder"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hombre","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies asesinato","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"in apposition to hombre","gloss":"Barsut"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies preocupaba","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of preocupaba","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"preocupaba","lemma":"preocupar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"worried"},{"surface":"mayormente","lemma":"mayormente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies preocupaba","gloss":"greatly"},{"surface":"sino","lemma":"sino","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but rather"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of precauciones","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"precauciones","lemma":"precaución","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"coordinated with asesinato","gloss":"precautions"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"direct object of tomar","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"debía","lemma":"deber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of tomar","gloss":"had to"},{"surface":"tomar","lemma":"tomar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clause modifying precauciones","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of adquiriera (with que)","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase para","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"ese","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hecho","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hecho","lemma":"hecho","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of adquiriera","gloss":"deed"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies adquiriera","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"adquiriera","lemma":"adquirir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on tomar","gloss":"take on"},{"surface":"importancia","lemma":"importancia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of adquiriera","gloss":"importance"},{"surface":"indebida","lemma":"indebido","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies importancia","gloss":"undue"}]},{"number":12,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p5-s2","source":"Y aunque pretendía preparar una coartada, ello era dificultoso.","translation":"And although he meant to prepare an alibi, that was a difficult thing.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p5-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"pretendía","title":"False friend: «pretender»","body":"«Pretender» does not mean 'to pretend'. It means 'to intend, aim, try to' — «pretendía preparar una coartada» = 'he intended to prepare an alibi'. To 'pretend' (feign) is «fingir» or «aparentar»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"aunque","lemma":"aunque","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of pretendía","gloss":"although"},{"surface":"pretendía","lemma":"pretender","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the clause introduced by aunque","gloss":"meant to"},{"surface":"preparar","lemma":"preparar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of pretendía","gloss":"prepare"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of coartada","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"coartada","lemma":"coartada","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of preparar","gloss":"alibi"},{"surface":"ello","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, singular","role":"subject of dificultoso","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"era","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to dificultoso","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"dificultoso","lemma":"dificultoso","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of era","gloss":"difficult"}]},{"number":13,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p5-s3","source":"Tenía la sensación de que el que así cavilaba en las tinieblas no era él, sino que estaba contemplando a su doble, un doble forjado de emoción y que tenía su apariencia exacta, con la cara romboidal, brazos cruzados y la galera echada sobre la frente.","translation":"He had the feeling that the one who brooded thus in the gloom was not himself, but that he was watching his double — a double forged out of emotion, with his exact appearance: the rhomboid face, crossed arms, and the top hat pulled down over the forehead.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p5-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"cavilaba","title":"«cavilar»","body":"«Cavilar» = to mull over obsessively, to turn something endlessly in the mind. «El que así cavilaba» = 'the one who brooded like that'. It is a heavier, more anxious word than simply 'to think', and recurs throughout this chapter."}],"words":[{"surface":"Tenía","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of sensación","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sensación","lemma":"sensación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of Tenía","gloss":"feeling"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of era (with que)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase de","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of era","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of cavilaba","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies cavilaba","gloss":"thus"},{"surface":"cavilaba","lemma":"cavilar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"relative clause modifying el","gloss":"brooded"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tinieblas","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of tinieblas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tinieblas","lemma":"tiniebla","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of cavilaba","gloss":"gloom"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies era","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"era","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to él","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of era","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"sino","lemma":"sino","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination (sino que)","gloss":"but rather"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase sino","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"estaba","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of contemplando","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"contemplando","lemma":"contemplar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"main verb of the sino-que clause","gloss":"watching"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking doble","gloss":"marks direct object","note":"Personal 'a' before a human direct object; it has no independent translation."},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of doble","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"doble","lemma":"doble","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of contemplando","gloss":"double"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of doble","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"doble","lemma":"doble","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition to doble","gloss":"double"},{"surface":"forjado","lemma":"forjado","morphology":"adjective (past participle), masculine, singular","role":"modifies doble","gloss":"forged"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking emoción","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"emoción","lemma":"emoción","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of forjado","gloss":"emotion"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of tenía","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"tenía","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with forjado","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of apariencia","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"apariencia","lemma":"apariencia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of tenía","gloss":"appearance"},{"surface":"exacta","lemma":"exacto","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies apariencia","gloss":"exact"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cara","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cara","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cara","lemma":"cara","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of tenía","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"romboidal","lemma":"romboidal","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies cara","gloss":"rhomboid"},{"surface":"brazos","lemma":"brazo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with cara","gloss":"arms"},{"surface":"cruzados","lemma":"cruzado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies brazos","gloss":"crossed"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of galera","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"galera","lemma":"galera","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with cara","gloss":"top hat","note":"'galera' here is an old-fashioned word for a top hat, not a ship's galley."},{"surface":"echada","lemma":"echado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies galera","gloss":"pulled down"},{"surface":"sobre","lemma":"sobre","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking frente","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of frente","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"frente","lemma":"frente","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of echada","gloss":"forehead"}]},{"number":14,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p5-s4","source":"Sin embargo, no podía darse cuenta de qué naturaleza eran los pensamientos de ese doble tan íntimamente ligado a él y tan distante de su comprensión.","translation":"And yet he could not make out the nature of the thoughts of that double, so intimately bound to him and yet so far beyond his understanding.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p5-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"darse cuenta","title":"«darse cuenta de»","body":"«Darse cuenta de» = 'to realize, to become aware of'. It is a pronominal verb (note the «se») followed by «de»: «no podía darse cuenta de qué naturaleza…» = 'he could not realize what nature…'. Don't confuse it with «dar cuenta de» ('to account for')."}],"words":[{"surface":"Sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the fixed phrase sin embargo","gloss":"however","note":"Sin embargo is a fixed phrase meaning 'however/nevertheless' — rendered as 'And yet' in the translation."},{"surface":"embargo","lemma":"embargo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"part of the fixed phrase sin embargo","gloss":"however"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies darse","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"podía","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of darse cuenta (could not make out)","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"darse","lemma":"dar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive, reflexive","role":"infinitive complement of podía; forms darse cuenta with cuenta (w6)","gloss":"make out","note":"darse cuenta de = 'to realize, to make out.'"},{"surface":"cuenta","lemma":"cuenta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"compound with darse (darse cuenta = to make out/realize)","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking naturaleza","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of naturaleza","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"naturaleza","lemma":"naturaleza","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"predicate complement of eran (within the clause governed by de)","gloss":"nature"},{"surface":"eran","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"copula linking pensamientos (subject) to naturaleza (predicate)","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of pensamientos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"pensamientos","lemma":"pensamiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of eran","gloss":"thoughts"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking doble","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"ese","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of doble","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"doble","lemma":"doble","morphology":"noun, singular","role":"modifies pensamientos","gloss":"double"},{"surface":"tan","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies íntimamente","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"íntimamente","lemma":"íntimamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ligado","gloss":"intimately"},{"surface":"ligado","lemma":"ligado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies doble","gloss":"bound"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking él","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, singular","role":"object of preposition a (complement of ligado)","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tan","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies distante","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"distante","lemma":"distante","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"coordinated with ligado","gloss":"far"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking comprensión","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of comprensión","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"comprensión","lemma":"comprensión","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"complement of distante (governed by de)","gloss":"understanding"}]},{"number":15,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p5-s5","source":"Porque juzgaba que su sentimiento de existir era en aquellos instante más efectivo que la existencia de su cuerpo.","translation":"For he judged that his sense of existing was, in those instants, more real than the existence of his body.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p5-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Porque","lemma":"porque","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of juzgaba","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"juzgaba","lemma":"juzgar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"judged"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sentimiento","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of sentimiento","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"sentimiento","lemma":"sentimiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of era","gloss":"sense"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of existir","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"existir","lemma":"existir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of sentimiento (governed by de)","gloss":"existing"},{"surface":"era","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking sentimiento (subject) to efectivo (predicate)","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking instante","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"aquellos","lemma":"aquel","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of instante","gloss":"those"},{"surface":"instante","lemma":"instante","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of era","gloss":"instants","note":"Singular 'instante' with plural 'aquellos' — a number mismatch in the source text; the sense is plural, 'those instants.'"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies efectivo","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"efectivo","lemma":"efectivo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of era, describing sentimiento","gloss":"real"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of existencia","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of existencia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"existencia","lemma":"existencia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"compared to sentimiento (object of que in the comparison)","gloss":"existence"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cuerpo","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of cuerpo","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"cuerpo","lemma":"cuerpo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies existencia","gloss":"body"}]},{"number":16,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p5-s6","source":"Mas tarde, explicando dicho fenómeno, dijo que era la conciencia de la distinta velocidad del tiempo que duraban sus emociones, dentro del otro tiempo mecánico, como aquellos que dicen «aquel minuto me pareció un siglo».","translation":"Later on, explaining the phenomenon, he said it was the awareness of the differing speed of the time his emotions lasted, inside that other, mechanical time — like those who say, 'that minute felt like a century to me.'","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p5-s6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Mas","title":"«mas» vs «más»","body":"«Mas» without an accent is a literary conjunction meaning 'but' (= «pero»); «más» with an accent means 'more'. Here «Mas tarde» reads as 'But later' / 'Later on'. The unaccented «mas» is formal and is mostly found in written prose."}],"words":[{"surface":"Mas","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tarde (comparative degree, más tarde = later on)","gloss":"later","note":"Mas here stands for más (accent dropped in this edition) — it is not the conjunction 'but'; más tarde = 'later on.'"},{"surface":"tarde","lemma":"tarde","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial modifier of dijo (más tarde = later on), head of the phrase","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"explicando","lemma":"explicar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on dijo","gloss":"explaining"},{"surface":"dicho","lemma":"dicho","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies fenómeno","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"fenómeno","lemma":"fenómeno","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of explicando","gloss":"phenomenon"},{"surface":"dijo","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of conciencia","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"era","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to conciencia","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of conciencia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"conciencia","lemma":"conciencia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"clausal complement of dijo","gloss":"awareness"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking velocidad","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of velocidad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"distinta","lemma":"distinto","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies velocidad","gloss":"differing"},{"surface":"velocidad","lemma":"velocidad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies conciencia","gloss":"speed"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tiempo","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"tiempo","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies velocidad","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"relative pronoun referring to tiempo, duration complement of duraban","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"duraban","lemma":"durar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"clause modifying tiempo","gloss":"lasted"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of emociones","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"emociones","lemma":"emoción","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of duraban","gloss":"emotions"},{"surface":"dentro","lemma":"dentro","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies duraban","gloss":"inside"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tiempo","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"otro","lemma":"otro","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of tiempo","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"tiempo","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of dentro","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"mecánico","lemma":"mecánico","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies tiempo","gloss":"mechanical"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of aquellos","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"aquellos","lemma":"aquel","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"object of como (comparison); head of the relative clause que dicen","gloss":"those"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of dicen","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"dicen","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"clause modifying aquellos","gloss":"say"},{"surface":"aquel","lemma":"aquel","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of minuto","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"minuto","lemma":"minuto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of pareció","gloss":"minute"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of pareció","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"pareció","lemma":"parecer","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the quoted clause (complement of dicen)","gloss":"seemed"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of siglo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"siglo","lemma":"siglo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of pareció","gloss":"century"}]},{"number":17,"label":"6","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p6-s1","source":"Imposibilidad de pensar que no dejaba de ser importante, ya que se trataba de quitarle la vida a un hombre, paralizar la circulación de sus cinco litros de sangre, enfriar todas sus células, borrarlo de la vida como una mancha de un papel blanco eliminando todo rastro en la superficie.","translation":"An impossibility of thinking that was nonetheless important, since what was at stake was taking a man's life, halting the circulation of his five liters of blood, cooling all his cells, erasing him from life like a stain from a white sheet of paper, removing every trace from the surface.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p6-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se trataba de","title":"Impersonal «tratarse de»","body":"«Se trataba de quitarle la vida» = 'it was a matter of taking his life'. The impersonal «tratarse de» means 'to be about / to be a question of'; it has no personal subject and is always followed by «de» + noun or infinitive."}],"words":[{"surface":"Imposibilidad","lemma":"imposibilidad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"impossibility"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of pensar","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"pensar","lemma":"pensar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clause modifying Imposibilidad","gloss":"thinking"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of dejaba","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dejaba","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"dejaba","lemma":"dejar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"relative clause modifying Imposibilidad (dejaba de ser = did not cease to be)","gloss":"stop"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of importante","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ser","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, infinitive","role":"copula linking to importante","gloss":"being"},{"surface":"importante","lemma":"importante","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"predicate complement of ser, within dejaba de ser importante","gloss":"important"},{"surface":"ya","lemma":"ya","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of trataba","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase ya","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, reflexive","role":"impersonal particle of trataba (se trataba de = it was a matter of)","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"trataba","lemma":"tratar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"causal clause (ya que), explains dejaba","gloss":"was a matter"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of quitarle","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"quitarle","lemma":"quitar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of trataba (se trataba de + infinitive)","gloss":"taking"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of vida","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"vida","lemma":"vida","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of quitarle","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hombre","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hombre","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of preposition a (dative-marked, doubled by the -le clitic in quitarle)","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"paralizar","lemma":"paralizar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"coordinated with quitarle (complement of trataba)","gloss":"halting"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of circulación","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"circulación","lemma":"circulación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of paralizar","gloss":"circulation"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking litros","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of litros","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"cinco","lemma":"cinco","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies litros","gloss":"five"},{"surface":"litros","lemma":"litro","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies circulación","gloss":"liters"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sangre","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"sangre","lemma":"sangre","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies litros","gloss":"blood"},{"surface":"enfriar","lemma":"enfriar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"coordinated with quitarle (complement of trataba)","gloss":"cooling"},{"surface":"todas","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of células (predeterminer, agrees with células)","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of células","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"células","lemma":"célula","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of enfriar","gloss":"cells"},{"surface":"borrarlo","lemma":"borrar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"coordinated with quitarle (complement of trataba)","gloss":"erasing him"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vida","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of vida","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"vida","lemma":"vida","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of borrarlo","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of mancha","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mancha","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"mancha","lemma":"mancha","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of borrarlo","gloss":"stain"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking papel","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of papel","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"papel","lemma":"papel","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies mancha","gloss":"paper"},{"surface":"blanco","lemma":"blanco","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies papel","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"eliminando","lemma":"eliminar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on borrarlo","gloss":"removing"},{"surface":"todo","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of rastro","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"rastro","lemma":"rastro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of eliminando","gloss":"trace"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking superficie","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of superficie","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"superficie","lemma":"superficie","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of eliminando","gloss":"surface"}]},{"number":18,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p6-s2","source":"Como tan grave problema no se apartaba del Astrólogo, éste sentíase dentro del tiempo mecánico del reloj, el hombre físico, mientras que en la lenta velocidad del otro tiempo que ningún reloj podía controlar se localizaba su doble, pensativo, enigmático, auténticamente misterioso, preparando quizá qué coartadas que luego lo sorprenderían al hombre inteligente.","translation":"Since so grave a problem would not leave the Astrologer, he felt himself, within the clock's mechanical time, to be the physical man, while in the slow speed of that other time which no clock could control there dwelt his double — pensive, enigmatic, genuinely mysterious — perhaps preparing who knows what alibis that would later astonish the intelligent man.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p6-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"sentíase","title":"Enclitic pronoun: «sentíase»","body":"«Sentíase» = «se sentía» ('he felt himself') with the reflexive pronoun attached to the end of the verb. This enclitic placement is a literary, slightly archaic style Arlt uses often; in everyday speech the pronoun comes before: «se sentía»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the causal clause of apartaba","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"tan","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies grave","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"grave","lemma":"grave","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies problema","gloss":"grave"},{"surface":"problema","lemma":"problema","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of apartaba","gloss":"a problem"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies apartaba","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of apartaba","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"apartaba","lemma":"apartar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"verb of the causal clause introduced by Como","gloss":"left"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Astrólogo","gloss":"from the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of apartaba","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"éste","lemma":"este","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of sentíase","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"sentíase","lemma":"sentir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the clause contrasted by mientras que","gloss":"felt himself","note":"Enclitic 'se' attached to the verb (sentíase = se sentía) — a literary/archaic word order for 'felt himself.'"},{"surface":"dentro","lemma":"dentro","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sentíase","gloss":"within"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tiempo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tiempo","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of dentro","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"mecánico","lemma":"mecánico","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies tiempo","gloss":"mechanical"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking reloj","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"reloj","lemma":"reloj","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies tiempo","gloss":"clock"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hombre","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of sentíase (sentirse + predicate = to feel oneself as)","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"físico","lemma":"físico","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies hombre","gloss":"physical"},{"surface":"mientras","lemma":"mientras","morphology":"conjunction","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase mientras","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking velocidad","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of velocidad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"lenta","lemma":"lento","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies velocidad","gloss":"slow"},{"surface":"velocidad","lemma":"velocidad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of localizaba","gloss":"speed"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tiempo","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"otro","lemma":"otro","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of tiempo","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"tiempo","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies velocidad","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of controlar (relative pronoun referring to tiempo)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ningún","lemma":"ninguno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of reloj","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"reloj","lemma":"reloj","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of controlar","gloss":"clock"},{"surface":"podía","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of controlar","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"controlar","lemma":"controlar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"relative clause modifying tiempo (w29)","gloss":"control"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of localizaba","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"localizaba","lemma":"localizar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the clause contrasted by mientras que","gloss":"dwelt"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of doble","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"doble","lemma":"doble","morphology":"noun, singular","role":"subject of localizaba","gloss":"double"},{"surface":"pensativo","lemma":"pensativo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies doble","gloss":"pensive"},{"surface":"enigmático","lemma":"enigmático","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies doble","gloss":"enigmatic"},{"surface":"auténticamente","lemma":"auténticamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies misterioso","gloss":"genuinely"},{"surface":"misterioso","lemma":"misterioso","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies doble","gloss":"mysterious"},{"surface":"preparando","lemma":"preparar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on localizaba","gloss":"preparing"},{"surface":"quizá","lemma":"quizá","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies preparando","gloss":"perhaps"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"determiner","role":"modifies coartadas","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"coartadas","lemma":"coartada","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of preparando","gloss":"alibis"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of sorprenderían (relative pronoun referring to coartadas)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"luego","lemma":"luego","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sorprenderían","gloss":"later"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of sorprenderían (clitic-doubled by al hombre inteligente)","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"sorprenderían","lemma":"sorprender","morphology":"verb, conditional, third-person, plural","role":"clause modifying coartadas","gloss":"would surprise"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hombre","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of sorprenderían","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"inteligente","lemma":"inteligente","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies hombre","gloss":"intelligent"}]},{"number":19,"label":"7","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p7-s1","source":"La certidumbre de haberse convertido por la proximidad del crimen en un doble mecanismo con dos nociones de tiempo tan diferentes y dos inercias tan desemejantes, lo apoltronaban sombrío en la oscuridad.","translation":"The certainty of having turned, through the nearness of the crime, into a double mechanism with two such different notions of time and two such unlike inertias, sank him, somber, deep into his seat in the darkness.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p7-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"haberse convertido","title":"Perfect infinitive","body":"«Haberse convertido en…» = 'to have become / having turned into…'. The perfect infinitive («haber» + participle) names a completed action as a noun-like idea — here the thing he is certain of. The «-se» makes «convertir» reflexive: 'to turn (oneself) into'."}],"words":[{"surface":"La","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of certidumbre","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"certidumbre","lemma":"certidumbre","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of apoltronaban","gloss":"certainty"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of convertido","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"haberse","lemma":"haber él","morphology":"auxiliary verb, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of convertido","gloss":"having"},{"surface":"convertido","lemma":"convertir","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"clause modifying certidumbre","gloss":"turned"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking proximidad","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of proximidad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"proximidad","lemma":"proximidad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of preposition por (causal), modifying convertido","gloss":"nearness"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking crimen","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"crimen","lemma":"crimen","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies proximidad","gloss":"crime"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mecanismo","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of mecanismo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"doble","lemma":"doble","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies mecanismo","gloss":"double"},{"surface":"mecanismo","lemma":"mecanismo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of convertido","gloss":"mechanism"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nociones","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"dos","lemma":"dos","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies nociones","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"nociones","lemma":"noción","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies mecanismo","gloss":"notions"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tiempo","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"tiempo","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies nociones","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"tan","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies diferentes","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"diferentes","lemma":"diferente","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies nociones","gloss":"different"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dos","lemma":"dos","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies inercias","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"inercias","lemma":"inercia","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"coordinated with nociones","gloss":"inertias"},{"surface":"tan","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies desemejantes","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"desemejantes","lemma":"desemejante","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies inercias","gloss":"unlike"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of apoltronaban","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"apoltronaban","lemma":"apoltronar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sank","note":"Plural verb (apoltronaban) with the singular subject certidumbre — likely proximity/attraction agreement drawn from the intervening plural nociones/inercias, a known looseness in Arlt's prose; the sense is singular, 'sank him.'"},{"surface":"sombrío","lemma":"sombrío","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate adjective modifying lo (secondary predicate, agrees with the object)","gloss":"somber"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking oscuridad","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of oscuridad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"oscuridad","lemma":"oscuridad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of apoltronaban","gloss":"darkness"}]},{"number":20,"label":"8","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p8-s1","source":"Una fatiga terrible anonadaba su musculatura, sus miembros recios, la coyuntura de sus huesos.","translation":"A terrible fatigue overwhelmed his musculature, his sturdy limbs, the joints of his bones.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p8-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"anonadaba","title":"«anonadar»","body":"«Anonadar» = to overwhelm, crush, leave utterly drained or stunned. «Anonadaba su musculatura» = 'a fatigue was crushing his muscles'. It is a strong, formal verb for being flattened or annihilated by some force — here, exhaustion."}],"words":[{"surface":"Una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of fatiga","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"fatiga","lemma":"fatiga","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of anonadaba","gloss":"fatigue"},{"surface":"terrible","lemma":"terrible","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies fatiga","gloss":"terrible"},{"surface":"anonadaba","lemma":"anonadar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"overwhelmed"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of musculatura","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"musculatura","lemma":"musculatura","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of anonadaba","gloss":"musculature"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of miembros","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"miembros","lemma":"miembro","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of anonadaba (coordinated with musculatura)","gloss":"limbs"},{"surface":"recios","lemma":"recio","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies miembros","gloss":"sturdy"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of coyuntura","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"coyuntura","lemma":"coyuntura","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of anonadaba (coordinated with musculatura, miembros)","gloss":"joints"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking huesos","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of huesos","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"huesos","lemma":"hueso","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies coyuntura","gloss":"bones"}]},{"number":21,"label":"9","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p9-s1","source":"La lluvia hacía funcionar en las acequias el breve engranaje de las ranas, pero él, hombre de acción, ablandado por la inquietud como si le hubieran reblandecido los huesos y no pudiera ponerse de pie, «yo, hombre de acción –se decía–, permanezco aquí, estoy así dentro de mi plazo de tiempo mecánico, palpitando con otro tiempo que no es mi tiempo y que me relaja para la precaución.","translation":"The rain set the brief gearwork of the frogs going in the irrigation ditches, but he, a man of action, softened by unease as if his bones had been turned to pulp and he could not get to his feet — 'I, a man of action,' he said to himself, 'remain here, I am like this inside my allotted span of mechanical time, throbbing with another time that is not my time and that slackens me out of caution.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p9-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"como si … hubieran","title":"«como si» + past subjunctive","body":"«Como si le hubieran reblandecido los huesos» = 'as if his bones had been softened'. «Como si» ('as if') always takes the subjunctive; the pluperfect subjunctive «hubieran reblandecido» marks an unreal, contrary-to-fact comparison."},{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"acequias","title":"«acequia»","body":"An «acequia» is an irrigation ditch or water channel — a word inherited from Arabic («as-sāqiya»). The frogs croaking in the rain-filled ditches give the night its 'gearwork', one of Arlt's mechanical metaphors for nature."}],"words":[{"surface":"La","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of lluvia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"lluvia","lemma":"lluvia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of hacía","gloss":"rain"},{"surface":"hacía","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"funcionar","lemma":"funcionar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of hacía","gloss":"work"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking acequias","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of acequias","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"acequias","lemma":"acequia","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of funcionar","gloss":"ditches"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of engranaje","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"breve","lemma":"breve","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies engranaje","gloss":"brief"},{"surface":"engranaje","lemma":"engranaje","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of hacía","gloss":"gearwork"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ranas","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of ranas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ranas","lemma":"rana","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies engranaje","gloss":"frogs"},{"surface":"pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, singular","role":"subject of decía (w41, the parenthetical 'se decía' reporting the quoted monologue) — not of permanezco, which is 1st person with its own subject yo (w36); él is 3rd person","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition to él","gloss":"a man"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking acción","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"acción","lemma":"acción","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies hombre","gloss":"action"},{"surface":"ablandado","lemma":"ablandado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies hombre","gloss":"softened"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking inquietud","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of inquietud","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"inquietud","lemma":"inquietud","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of ablandado, marking the passive agent/cause (por = by), not a direct object","gloss":"unease"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of reblandecido","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of reblandecido","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"dative of possession, object of reblandecido (le = his)","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"hubieran","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of reblandecido","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"reblandecido","lemma":"reblandecir","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"como si clause modifying ablandado (hypothetical comparison: softened, as if his bones had been turned to pulp), not modifying inquietud","gloss":"softened"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of huesos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"huesos","lemma":"hueso","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of reblandecido","gloss":"bones"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ponerse","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"pudiera","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of ponerse","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"ponerse","lemma":"poner él","morphology":"verb, infinitive, reflexive","role":"infinitive complement of pudiera (clause coordinated with reblandecido via y)","gloss":"get"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pie","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"pie","lemma":"pie","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of ponerse","gloss":"his feet"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of permanezco","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition to yo","gloss":"a man"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking acción","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"acción","lemma":"acción","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies hombre","gloss":"action"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of decía","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"decía","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"parenthetical clause (se decía = he said to himself), interrupts the quote","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"permanezco","lemma":"permanecer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the quoted clause (yo permanezco aquí)","gloss":"remain"},{"surface":"aquí","lemma":"aquí","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies permanezco","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"estoy","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"copula linking to así","gloss":"I am"},{"surface":"así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb","role":"predicate complement of estoy (estoy así = I am like this)","gloss":"like this"},{"surface":"dentro","lemma":"dentro","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies estoy","gloss":"inside"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking plazo","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"mi","lemma":"mi","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of plazo","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"plazo","lemma":"plazo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of dentro","gloss":"span"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tiempo","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"tiempo","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies plazo","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"mecánico","lemma":"mecánico","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies tiempo","gloss":"mechanical"},{"surface":"palpitando","lemma":"palpitar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on permanezco","gloss":"throbbing"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tiempo","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"otro","lemma":"otro","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of tiempo","gloss":"another"},{"surface":"tiempo","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of palpitando","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of es (relative pronoun referring to tiempo)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies es","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to tiempo","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"mi","lemma":"mi","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of tiempo","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"tiempo","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of es (mi tiempo, predicate nominal)","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of relaja","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of relaja","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"relaja","lemma":"relajar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with es (both relative clauses modifying tiempo)","gloss":"slackens"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking precaución","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of precaución","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"precaución","lemma":"precaución","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of relaja","gloss":"caution"}]},{"number":22,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p9-s2","source":"Porque es indudable que matar a un hombre es lo mismo que degollar a un cordero, pero no lo es para los otros, y aunque estén distantes y mi conducta sea un misterio para ellos, este tiempo anormal me los acerca, y yo no me puedo casi mover, como si ellos estuvieran allí, en la sombra, espiándome.","translation":"Because there is no doubt that killing a man is the same as slitting a lamb's throat — but it is not so for the others, and although they are far off and my conduct is a mystery to them, this abnormal time brings them close to me, and I can scarcely move, as if they were there, in the shadow, spying on me.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p9-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"aunque estén / sea","title":"«aunque» + subjunctive","body":"«Aunque estén distantes y mi conducta sea un misterio» uses the present subjunctive «estén», «sea». After «aunque», the subjunctive frames the concession as hypothetical or granted ('even if / even though they may be') rather than as a stated fact."}],"words":[{"surface":"Porque","lemma":"porque","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of indudable","gloss":"Because"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to indudable","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"indudable","lemma":"indudable","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"predicate complement of es","gloss":"beyond doubt"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of matar","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"matar","lemma":"matar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"subject of es (lo mismo)","gloss":"killing"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hombre (personal a)","gloss":"(marks object)","note":"This is the personal 'a', marking 'hombre' as the human direct object of matar; it has no separate English translation."},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hombre","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of matar","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking matar to lo mismo","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of mismo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mismo","lemma":"mismo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of es, forms 'lo mismo que' (the same as) with que","gloss":"same"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of degollar (forms 'lo mismo que' with mismo)","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"degollar","lemma":"degollar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"compared with matar (clause of lo mismo que)","gloss":"slitting the throat of"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cordero (personal a)","gloss":"(marks object)","note":"This is the personal 'a', marking 'cordero' as the direct object of degollar; it has no separate English translation."},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cordero","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"cordero","lemma":"cordero","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of degollar","gloss":"lamb"},{"surface":"pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies es","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"lo","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate pronoun referring to lo mismo (w10-11)","gloss":"so","note":"Predicate 'lo' stands in for 'lo mismo' (the same thing); 'no lo es' means 'it is not so.'"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to lo (predicate pronoun)","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking otros","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of otros","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"otros","lemma":"otro","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"object of para","gloss":"others"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"aunque","lemma":"aunque","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of distantes","gloss":"although"},{"surface":"estén","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, plural","role":"copula linking to distantes","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"distantes","lemma":"distante","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"predicate complement of estén","gloss":"far off"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"mi","lemma":"mi","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of conducta","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"conducta","lemma":"conducta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of sea","gloss":"conduct"},{"surface":"sea","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to misterio","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of misterio","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"misterio","lemma":"misterio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of sea","gloss":"mystery"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ellos","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ellos","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, plural","role":"object of para","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"este","lemma":"este","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of tiempo","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"tiempo","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of acerca","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"anormal","lemma":"anormal","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies tiempo","gloss":"abnormal"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of acerca","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of acerca","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"acerca","lemma":"acercar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"brings"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of puedo","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies puedo","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of mover (clitic climbed before puedo)","gloss":"myself"},{"surface":"puedo","lemma":"poder","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of mover","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"casi","lemma":"casi","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies mover","gloss":"scarcely"},{"surface":"mover","lemma":"mover","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of puedo","gloss":"move"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"forms 'como si' (as if) with si, introduces the clause of estuvieran","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of estuvieran (forms 'como si' with como)","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"ellos","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, plural","role":"subject of estuvieran","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"estuvieran","lemma":"estar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, plural","role":"adverbial clause on mover","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"allí","lemma":"allí","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies estuvieran","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sombra","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of sombra","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sombra","lemma":"sombra","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of estuvieran","gloss":"shadow"},{"surface":"espiándome","lemma":"espiar yo","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on estuvieran","gloss":"spying on me"}]},{"number":23,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p9-s3","source":"Será el tiempo de nerviosidad lo que me inutiliza, o el Astrólogo subconsciente que se reserva sus ideas y me deja exprimido como una naranja para concebir pensamientos que ahora me hacen falta.","translation":"It must be the time of nervousness that disables me, or the subconscious Astrologer who keeps his ideas to himself and leaves me squeezed like an orange, unable to conceive the thoughts I now need.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p9-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Será","title":"Future of probability","body":"«Será el tiempo de nerviosidad…» here does not mean 'it will be' but 'it must be / it's probably'. Spanish uses the future tense to express a present conjecture or guess — «¿Qué hora será?» = 'I wonder what time it is.'"}],"words":[{"surface":"Será","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to tiempo","gloss":"must be"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of tiempo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tiempo","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of Será","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nerviosidad","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"nerviosidad","lemma":"nerviosidad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies tiempo","gloss":"nervousness"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"part of the relative phrase lo que, modifies tiempo (specificational: 'the time... that disables me')","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"part of the relative phrase lo que, subject of inutiliza","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of inutiliza","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"inutiliza","lemma":"inutilizar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"verb of the relative clause modifying tiempo","gloss":"disables"},{"surface":"o","lemma":"o","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"coordinated with tiempo (second predicate complement of Será)","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"subconsciente","lemma":"subconsciente","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Astrólogo","gloss":"subconscious"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of reserva","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of reserva","gloss":"to himself"},{"surface":"reserva","lemma":"reservar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying Astrólogo","gloss":"keeps"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of ideas","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"ideas","lemma":"idea","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of reserva","gloss":"ideas"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of deja","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"deja","lemma":"dejar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with reserva","gloss":"leaves"},{"surface":"exprimido","lemma":"exprimido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of deja, describes me (w20)","gloss":"squeezed"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of naranja","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of naranja","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"naranja","lemma":"naranja","morphology":"noun, singular","role":"oblique complement of exprimido","gloss":"orange"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of concebir (purpose)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"concebir","lemma":"concebir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on deja","gloss":"conceive"},{"surface":"pensamientos","lemma":"pensamiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of concebir","gloss":"thoughts"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of hacen, modifies pensamientos","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ahora","lemma":"ahora","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hacen","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of hacen","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"hacen","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"clause modifying pensamientos (with falta: are needed)","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"falta","lemma":"falta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"compound with hacen","gloss":"needed","note":"'Hacer falta' is an idiom meaning 'to be necessary/needed.'"}]},{"number":24,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p9-s4","source":"Sin embargo, muerto Barsut, la vida continuará como si nada hubiera ocurrido... y es que nada ha ocurrido si esto no se descubre».","translation":"And yet, with Barsut dead, life will go on as though nothing had happened... and the truth is that nothing has happened, if this is never found out.'","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p9-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"muerto Barsut","title":"Absolute participle construction","body":"«Muerto Barsut» = 'Barsut [being] dead', 'once Barsut is dead'. A bare past participle plus its noun forms an 'absolute' clause that sets a condition or time — equivalent to 'with Barsut dead'. Compact and literary."}],"words":[{"surface":"Sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the idiom sin embargo, modifies continuará","gloss":"And yet","note":"'Sin embargo' is a fixed idiom meaning 'however/nevertheless'; rendered here as 'And yet.'"},{"surface":"embargo","lemma":"embargo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"part of the idiom sin embargo","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"muerto","lemma":"muerto","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"absolute clause (muerto Barsut = with Barsut dead), modifies continuará","gloss":"dead"},{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of muerto","gloss":"Barsut"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of vida","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"vida","lemma":"vida","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of continuará","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"continuará","lemma":"continuar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"will go on"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"forms 'como si' (as though) with si, introduces the clause of ocurrido","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ocurrido (forms 'como si' with como)","gloss":"though"},{"surface":"nada","lemma":"nada","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of ocurrido","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"hubiera","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of ocurrido","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"ocurrido","lemma":"ocurrir","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"adverbial clause on continuará","gloss":"happened"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the clause introduced by y (the truth is), coordinated with continuará","gloss":"the truth is"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ocurrido","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"nada","lemma":"nada","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of ocurrido","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of ocurrido","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"ocurrido","lemma":"ocurrir","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"clausal complement of es","gloss":"happened"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of descubre","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"esto","lemma":"este","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of descubre","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies descubre","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"passive-reflexive particle of descubre","gloss":"(passive)","note":"Passive 'se': 'se descubre' = 'is found out/discovered,' not a literal reflexive."},{"surface":"descubre","lemma":"descubrir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"conditional clause modifying ha ocurrido","gloss":"is found out"}]},{"number":25,"label":"10","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p10-s1","source":"Encendió nuevamente un fósforo.","translation":"He struck a match again.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p10-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Encendió","title":"Preterite for a single act","body":"«Encendió» is the preterite of «encender» ('to light'): 'he lit / struck'. The preterite reports one completed, bounded action — contrast it with the surrounding imperfects («batía», «meditaba») that hold the scene open."}],"words":[{"surface":"Encendió","lemma":"encender","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"struck"},{"surface":"nuevamente","lemma":"nuevamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Encendió","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of fósforo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"fósforo","lemma":"fósforo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of Encendió","gloss":"match"}]},{"number":26,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p10-s2","source":"La habitación quedó flechada de vértices de sombras movedizas.","translation":"The room was left shot through with the points of shifting shadows.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p10-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"flechada","title":"«flechada»","body":"«Flechada» comes from «flecha» ('arrow'): pierced or shot through as if by arrows. «Quedó flechada de vértices de sombras» = 'was left arrowed with shadow-points'. A typically Arltian image that turns light and shadow into something sharp and physical."}],"words":[{"surface":"La","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of habitación","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"habitación","lemma":"habitación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of quedó","gloss":"room"},{"surface":"quedó","lemma":"quedar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was left"},{"surface":"flechada","lemma":"flechado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"predicate complement of quedó","gloss":"shot through","note":"'Flechar' literally means 'to pierce with an arrow'; used figuratively here for shadow-points piercing the room."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vértices","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"vértices","lemma":"vértice","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of flechada","gloss":"points"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sombras","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"sombras","lemma":"sombra","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of vértices","gloss":"shadows"},{"surface":"movedizas","lemma":"movedizo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies sombras","gloss":"shifting"}]},{"number":27,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p10-s3","source":"No había pasado un minuto.","translation":"Not a minute had passed.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p10-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"No","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies pasado","gloss":"Not"},{"surface":"había","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of pasado","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"pasado","lemma":"pasar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"passed"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of minuto","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"minuto","lemma":"minuto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of pasado (inverted word order: 'a minute' is what passed)","gloss":"minute"}]},{"number":28,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p10-s4","source":"Sus pensamientos eran simultáneos y contenían en la nada del tiempo hechos que para estar presentes en el tiempo que los recogía hubieran necesitado en otras circunstancias meses y años.","translation":"His thoughts were simultaneous and held, in the nothingness of time, events that to be present in the time gathering them would, in other circumstances, have needed months and years.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p10-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"hubieran necesitado","title":"Conditional perfect via subjunctive","body":"«Hubieran necesitado» (pluperfect subjunctive) here stands in for the conditional perfect 'would have needed'. In literary Spanish the «-ra» subjunctive often replaces «habrían necesitado» in such unreal, past hypothetical results."}],"words":[{"surface":"Sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of pensamientos","gloss":"His"},{"surface":"pensamientos","lemma":"pensamiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of eran","gloss":"thoughts"},{"surface":"eran","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"copula linking to simultáneos","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"simultáneos","lemma":"simultáneo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"predicate complement of eran","gloss":"simultaneous"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"contenían","lemma":"contener","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with eran","gloss":"held"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nada","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of nada","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"nada","lemma":"nada","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of contenían","gloss":"nothingness"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tiempo","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"tiempo","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies nada","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"hechos","lemma":"hecho","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of contenían","gloss":"events","note":"Here 'hechos' is the plural noun 'events/facts,' not a form of 'hacer' (to do/make)."},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of hubieran necesitado (relative pronoun, refers to hechos)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of estar (purpose: in order to be present)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"estar","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, infinitive","role":"copula linking to presentes","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"presentes","lemma":"presente","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"predicate complement of estar","gloss":"present"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tiempo","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of tiempo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tiempo","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of presentes","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of recogía","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of recogía","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"recogía","lemma":"recoger","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying tiempo","gloss":"gathered"},{"surface":"hubieran","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of necesitado","gloss":"would have"},{"surface":"necesitado","lemma":"necesitar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"verb of the relative clause modifying hechos (via que, w13)","gloss":"needed"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking circunstancias","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"otras","lemma":"otro","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of circunstancias","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"circunstancias","lemma":"circunstancia","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of necesitado","gloss":"circumstances"},{"surface":"meses","lemma":"mes","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of necesitado","gloss":"months"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"años","lemma":"año","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with meses","gloss":"years"}]},{"number":29,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p10-s5","source":"Así había nacido hacía cuarenta y tres años y siete días, y ese pasado se aniquilaba de continuo en el presente, presente tan fugaz, que siempre era el Astrólogo del minuto posterior, en el tiempo de minuto o segundo venidero.","translation":"Thus he had been born forty-three years and seven days ago, and that past was forever annihilating itself in the present — a present so fleeting that he was always the Astrologer of the following minute, in the time of the minute or second yet to come.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p10-s5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"hacía … años","title":"«hacía» + time = 'ago'","body":"«Había nacido hacía cuarenta y tres años» = 'he had been born forty-three years before / ago'. «Hacer» in the third person plus a span of time expresses 'ago'; in the past, «hacía» measures the distance back from a past moment."}],"words":[{"surface":"Así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies nacido","gloss":"Thus"},{"surface":"había","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of nacido","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"nacido","lemma":"nacer","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"been born"},{"surface":"hacía","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"impersonal time expression (hacía + duration = ago), modifies nacido","gloss":"ago","note":"Impersonal 'hacer' expressing elapsed time: 'hacía cuarenta y tres años' = 'forty-three years ago,' not 'was making.'"},{"surface":"cuarenta","lemma":"cuarenta","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies años","gloss":"forty"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tres","lemma":"tres","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"coordinated with cuarenta","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"años","lemma":"año","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of hacía","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"siete","lemma":"siete","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies días","gloss":"seven"},{"surface":"días","lemma":"día","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with años","gloss":"days"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ese","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of pasado","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"pasado","lemma":"pasado","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of aniquilaba","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of aniquilaba","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"aniquilaba","lemma":"aniquilar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with nacido (second main clause)","gloss":"was annihilating"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"forms the idiom 'de continuo' (continually) with continuo, modifies aniquilaba","gloss":"forever"},{"surface":"continuo","lemma":"continuo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"part of the idiom 'de continuo,' oblique complement of aniquilaba","gloss":"forever","note":"'De continuo' is a fixed phrase meaning 'continually, constantly'; rendered here as 'forever.'"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking presente","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of presente","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"presente","lemma":"presente","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of aniquilaba","gloss":"present"},{"surface":"presente","lemma":"presente","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition to presente (w21), further described by fugaz","gloss":"present","note":"Arlt repeats the noun in apposition for emphasis: 'in the present — a present so fleeting that...'"},{"surface":"tan","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fugaz","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"fugaz","lemma":"fugaz","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies presente (w22)","gloss":"fleeting"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the result clause of era ('tan...que' = so...that)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"siempre","lemma":"siempre","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies era","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"era","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to Astrólogo","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"predicate complement of era","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking minuto","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"minuto","lemma":"minuto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Astrólogo","gloss":"minute"},{"surface":"posterior","lemma":"posterior","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies minuto","gloss":"following"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tiempo","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of tiempo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tiempo","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of era, parallel restatement of 'del minuto posterior'","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking minuto","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"minuto","lemma":"minuto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies tiempo","gloss":"minute"},{"surface":"o","lemma":"o","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"segundo","lemma":"segundo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with minuto (w37)","gloss":"second"},{"surface":"venidero","lemma":"venidero","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies segundo, coordinated with minuto","gloss":"yet to come"}]},{"number":30,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p10-s6","source":"Ahora su vida enfocada hacia un hecho que aún no existía, pero que se consumaría dentro de algunas horas, se tendía dentro del tiempo mecánico como un arco, cuya violencia contenida daba al tiempo del reloj la tensión extraordinaria de ese otro tiempo de inquietud.","translation":"Now his life, aimed toward a deed that did not yet exist but that would be consummated within a few hours, stretched itself inside mechanical time like a bow, whose pent-up violence gave clock time the extraordinary tension of that other time of unease.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p10-s6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se consumaría","title":"Conditional «se consumaría»","body":"«Que se consumaría dentro de algunas horas» = 'that would be consummated within a few hours'. The conditional «-ía» here expresses the future seen from a past vantage point ('future-in-the-past'): the deed still to come."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ahora","lemma":"ahora","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tendía","gloss":"Now"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of vida","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"vida","lemma":"vida","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of tendía","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"enfocada","lemma":"enfocado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies vida","gloss":"aimed"},{"surface":"hacia","lemma":"hacia","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hecho","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hecho","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"hecho","lemma":"hecho","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of enfocada","gloss":"deed"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of existía","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"aún","lemma":"aún","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies existía","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies existía","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"existía","lemma":"existir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying hecho","gloss":"existed"},{"surface":"pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of consumaría","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"passive-reflexive particle of consumaría","gloss":"(passive)","note":"Passive 'se': 'se consumaría' = 'would be consummated,' not a literal reflexive."},{"surface":"consumaría","lemma":"consumar","morphology":"verb, conditional, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying hecho, coordinated with existía","gloss":"would be consummated"},{"surface":"dentro","lemma":"dentro","morphology":"adverb","role":"forms 'dentro de' (within) with de, modifies consumaría","gloss":"within"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of 'dentro de,' preposition marking horas","gloss":"within"},{"surface":"algunas","lemma":"alguno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of horas","gloss":"a few"},{"surface":"horas","lemma":"hora","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of dentro","gloss":"hours"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of tendía","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"tendía","lemma":"tender","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stretched"},{"surface":"dentro","lemma":"dentro","morphology":"adverb","role":"forms 'dentro de' (inside) with del, modifies tendía","gloss":"inside"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of 'dentro de,' preposition marking tiempo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tiempo","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of dentro","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"mecánico","lemma":"mecánico","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies tiempo","gloss":"mechanical"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of arco","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of arco","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"arco","lemma":"arco","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of tendía","gloss":"bow"},{"surface":"cuya","lemma":"cuyo","morphology":"pronoun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies violencia","gloss":"whose"},{"surface":"violencia","lemma":"violencia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of daba","gloss":"violence"},{"surface":"contenida","lemma":"contenido","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies violencia","gloss":"pent-up"},{"surface":"daba","lemma":"dar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying arco","gloss":"gave"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tiempo","gloss":"to the"},{"surface":"tiempo","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"indirect object of daba","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking reloj","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"reloj","lemma":"reloj","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies tiempo","gloss":"clock"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of tensión","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tensión","lemma":"tensión","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of daba","gloss":"tension"},{"surface":"extraordinaria","lemma":"extraordinario","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies tensión","gloss":"extraordinary"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tiempo","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"ese","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of tiempo, coordinated with otro","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"otro","lemma":"otro","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of tiempo, coordinated with ese","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"tiempo","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of de, modifies tensión","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking inquietud","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"inquietud","lemma":"inquietud","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies tiempo","gloss":"unease"}]},{"number":31,"label":"11","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p11-s1","source":"Y aunque muchas veces se había dicho que si tenía oportunidad de poder asesinar a alguien no desperdiciaría la ocasión, volvió a detener sus preocupaciones en aquellos tiempos de misterio.","translation":"And although he had told himself many times that if he ever had the chance to murder someone he would not waste the occasion, he once more fixed his worries on those mysterious times.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p11-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"volvió a detener","title":"«volver a» + infinitive","body":"«Volvió a detener sus preocupaciones» = 'he once again fixed his worries'. «Volver a» + infinitive means 'to do something again'; literally 'to return to doing'. It is the idiomatic way Spanish says 'again' with a verb."}],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects to the previous sentence","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"aunque","lemma":"aunque","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of dicho","gloss":"although"},{"surface":"muchas","lemma":"mucho","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of veces","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"veces","lemma":"vez","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of dicho","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of dicho","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"había","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of dicho","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"dicho","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"verb of the concessive clause introduced by aunque, modifies volvió","gloss":"told"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of desperdiciaría (content of dicho)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tenía","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"tenía","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on desperdiciaría","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"oportunidad","lemma":"oportunidad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of tenía","gloss":"chance"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of asesinar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"poder","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of asesinar","gloss":"be able to"},{"surface":"asesinar","lemma":"asesinar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clause modifying oportunidad","gloss":"murder"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking alguien (personal a)","gloss":"(marks object)","note":"This is the personal 'a,' marking 'alguien' as the direct object of asesinar; it has no separate English translation."},{"surface":"alguien","lemma":"alguien","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of asesinar","gloss":"someone"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies desperdiciaría","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"desperdiciaría","lemma":"desperdiciar","morphology":"verb, conditional, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the clause introduced by que (content of dicho)","gloss":"would waste"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of ocasión","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ocasión","lemma":"ocasión","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of desperdiciaría","gloss":"occasion"},{"surface":"volvió","lemma":"volver","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence (volver a + infinitive = to do again)","gloss":"once more","note":"'Volver a' + infinitive is a periphrasis meaning 'to do (something) again.'"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the periphrasis volvió a + infinitive","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"detener","lemma":"detener","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of volvió","gloss":"fix"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of preocupaciones","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"preocupaciones","lemma":"preocupación","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of detener","gloss":"worries"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tiempos","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"aquellos","lemma":"aquel","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of tiempos","gloss":"those"},{"surface":"tiempos","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of detener","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking misterio","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"misterio","lemma":"misterio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies tiempos","gloss":"mystery"}]},{"number":32,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p11-s2","source":"Luego saltó de allí a la imaginación de una dictadura, que se sostendría mediante el terror impuesto por numerosas ejecuciones y el medio de anular esa repugnante impresión momentánea era representarse a los fusilados como hombres horizontales.","translation":"Then he leapt from there to imagining a dictatorship, one that would sustain itself through the terror imposed by numerous executions; and the means of canceling that momentary repugnant impression was to picture the executed as horizontal men.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p11-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"fusilados","title":"«los fusilados»","body":"«Fusilar» = to execute by firing squad (from «fusil», 'rifle'). «Los fusilados» = 'those shot, the executed'. The past participle stands alone as a noun — a recurring word in the Astrologer's fantasies of revolution and mass executions."}],"words":[{"surface":"Luego","lemma":"luego","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies saltó","gloss":"Then"},{"surface":"saltó","lemma":"saltar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"leapt"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking allí","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"allí","lemma":"allí","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies saltó","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking imaginación","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of imaginación","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"imaginación","lemma":"imaginación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of saltó","gloss":"imagining"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dictadura","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of dictadura","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"dictadura","lemma":"dictadura","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies imaginación","gloss":"dictatorship"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of sostendría","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of sostendría","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"sostendría","lemma":"sostener","morphology":"verb, conditional, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying dictadura","gloss":"would sustain"},{"surface":"mediante","lemma":"mediante","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking terror","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of terror","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"terror","lemma":"terror","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of sostendría","gloss":"terror"},{"surface":"impuesto","lemma":"impuesto","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies terror","gloss":"imposed"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ejecuciones","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"numerosas","lemma":"numeroso","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies ejecuciones","gloss":"numerous"},{"surface":"ejecuciones","lemma":"ejecución","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of impuesto","gloss":"executions"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of medio","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"medio","lemma":"medio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of era","gloss":"means"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of anular","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"anular","lemma":"anular","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clause modifying medio","gloss":"canceling"},{"surface":"esa","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of impresión","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"repugnante","lemma":"repugnante","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies impresión","gloss":"repugnant"},{"surface":"impresión","lemma":"impresión","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of anular","gloss":"impression"},{"surface":"momentánea","lemma":"momentáneo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies impresión","gloss":"momentary"},{"surface":"era","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with saltó","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"representarse","lemma":"representar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of era","gloss":"to picture"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fusilados","gloss":"marks object"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of fusilados","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"fusilados","lemma":"fusilado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of representarse","gloss":"executed"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hombres","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"hombres","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of fusilados","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"horizontales","lemma":"horizontal","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies hombres","gloss":"horizontal"}]},{"number":33,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p11-s3","source":"En efecto, se imaginaba en el centro de la llanura el pequeño cuerpo de un hombre tendido, y al comparar la longitud del muerto con la de los millares de kilómetros que medía la tierra por él tiranizada, se apoderaba de la certidumbre que la vida de un hombre no tenía ningún valor.","translation":"Indeed, he pictured at the center of the plain the small body of a man stretched out, and on comparing the length of the dead man with that of the thousands of kilometers the land he tyrannized measured, he seized upon the certainty that a man's life had no value at all.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p11-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se apoderaba de","title":"«apoderarse de»","body":"«Se apoderaba de la certidumbre» — 'he was seizing certainty'. «Apoderarse de» is the pronominal verb 'to seize, take possession of'; here the Astrologer is the agent, actively grasping the conviction that a man's life has no value."}],"words":[{"surface":"En","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies imaginaba","gloss":"Indeed","note":"En efecto is a fixed phrase meaning 'indeed, in fact.'"},{"surface":"efecto","lemma":"efecto","morphology":"noun","role":"part of the phrase En","gloss":"in fact"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of imaginaba","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"imaginaba","lemma":"imaginar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"pictured"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking centro","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of centro","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"centro","lemma":"centro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of imaginaba","gloss":"center"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking llanura","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of llanura","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"llanura","lemma":"llanura","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies centro","gloss":"plain"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cuerpo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"pequeño","lemma":"pequeño","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies cuerpo","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"cuerpo","lemma":"cuerpo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of imaginaba","gloss":"body"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hombre","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hombre","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies cuerpo","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"tendido","lemma":"tendido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies hombre","gloss":"stretched out"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking comparar","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"comparar","lemma":"comparar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on apoderaba","gloss":"comparing"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of longitud","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"longitud","lemma":"longitud","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of comparar","gloss":"length"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking muerto","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"muerto","lemma":"muerto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies longitud","gloss":"dead man"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking la","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"pronoun, feminine, singular","role":"stands for longitud, oblique complement of comparar","gloss":"that","note":"Elliptical: la stands in for 'la longitud' (the length)."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking millares","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of millares","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"millares","lemma":"millar","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies la","gloss":"thousands"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking kilómetros","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"kilómetros","lemma":"kilómetro","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies millares","gloss":"kilometers"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of medía","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"medía","lemma":"medir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying millares","gloss":"measured"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of tierra","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tierra","lemma":"tierra","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of medía","gloss":"land"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking él","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of tiranizada","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"tiranizada","lemma":"tiranizado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies tierra","gloss":"tyrannized"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of apoderaba","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"apoderaba","lemma":"apoderar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with imaginaba","gloss":"took hold"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking certidumbre","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of certidumbre","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"certidumbre","lemma":"certidumbre","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of apoderaba","gloss":"certainty"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause modifying certidumbre","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of vida","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"vida","lemma":"vida","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of tenía","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hombre","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hombre","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies vida","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tenía","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"tenía","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying certidumbre","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"ningún","lemma":"ninguno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of valor","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"valor","lemma":"valor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of tenía","gloss":"value"}]},{"number":34,"label":"12","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p12-s1","source":"El otro se pudriría bajo la tierra, mientras que él, eliminado el obstáculo humano cuya longitud era la millonésima parte de la tierra suya, avanzaría hacia todas las conquistas.","translation":"The other would rot beneath the earth, while he, the human obstacle eliminated — its length one-millionth of the land that was his — would advance toward every conquest.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p12-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"eliminado el obstáculo","title":"Absolute participle","body":"«Eliminado el obstáculo humano» = 'the human obstacle [once] eliminated'. As before, a past participle placed in front of its noun forms an absolute clause meaning 'with X done / once X is done' — here, 'once the obstacle is removed'."}],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of otro","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"otro","lemma":"otro","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of pudriría","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of pudriría","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"pudriría","lemma":"pudrirse","morphology":"verb, conditional, third-person, singular","role":"parallel clause to mientras","gloss":"would rot"},{"surface":"bajo","lemma":"bajo","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tierra","gloss":"beneath"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of tierra","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tierra","lemma":"tierra","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of pudriría","gloss":"earth"},{"surface":"mientras","lemma":"mientras","morphology":"conjunction","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"while","note":"mientras que together mean 'while' (contrastive)."},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase mientras","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, singular","role":"subject of avanzaría","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"eliminado","lemma":"eliminar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"adverbial clause on avanzaría","gloss":"eliminated"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of obstáculo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"obstáculo","lemma":"obstáculo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of eliminado","gloss":"obstacle"},{"surface":"humano","lemma":"humano","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies obstáculo","gloss":"human"},{"surface":"cuya","lemma":"cuyo","morphology":"pronoun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies longitud","gloss":"whose"},{"surface":"longitud","lemma":"longitud","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of era","gloss":"length"},{"surface":"era","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to parte","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of parte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"millonésima","lemma":"millonésimo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies parte","gloss":"millionth"},{"surface":"parte","lemma":"parte","morphology":"noun, singular","role":"predicate of era","gloss":"part"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tierra","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of tierra","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tierra","lemma":"tierra","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies parte","gloss":"land"},{"surface":"suya","lemma":"suyo","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"modifies tierra","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"avanzaría","lemma":"avanzar","morphology":"verb, conditional, third-person, singular","role":"parallel clause to mientras","gloss":"would advance"},{"surface":"hacia","lemma":"hacia","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking conquistas","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"todas","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"modifies conquistas","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of conquistas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"conquistas","lemma":"conquista","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of avanzaría","gloss":"conquests"}]},{"number":35,"label":"13","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p13-s1","source":"Luego pensaba en Lenin, que, restregándose las manos, repetía a los comisarios de los Soviets:","translation":"Then he thought of Lenin, who, rubbing his hands together, kept repeating to the commissars of the Soviets:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p13-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"restregándose","title":"Gerund of simultaneous action","body":"«Restregándose las manos» = 'rubbing his hands'. The gerund («-ando») describes an action going on at the same time as the main verb «repetía»: Lenin rubs his hands while he repeats. The «-se» makes it reflexive ('rubbing his own hands')."}],"words":[{"surface":"Luego","lemma":"luego","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies pensaba","gloss":"Then"},{"surface":"pensaba","lemma":"pensar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Lenin","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Lenin","lemma":"Lenin","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of pensaba","gloss":"Lenin"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of repetía","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"restregándose","lemma":"restregar él","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on repetía","gloss":"rubbing"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of manos","gloss":"his","note":"Spanish uses the definite article with a reflexive verb where English uses a possessive: las manos = 'his hands.'"},{"surface":"manos","lemma":"mano","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of restregándose","gloss":"hands"},{"surface":"repetía","lemma":"repetir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying Lenin","gloss":"kept repeating"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking comisarios","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of comisarios","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"comisarios","lemma":"comisario","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of repetía","gloss":"commissars"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Soviets","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of Soviets","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Soviets","lemma":"Soviets","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies comisarios","gloss":"Soviets"}]},{"number":36,"label":"14","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p14-s1","source":"Es una locura.","translation":"It is madness.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p14-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to locura","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of locura","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"locura","lemma":"locura","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"madness"}]},{"number":37,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p14-s2","source":"¿Cómo podemos hacer la revolución sin fusilar a nadie? –Y esto regocijaba el corazón del Astrólogo.","translation":"How can we make the revolution without shooting anyone? — And this gladdened the Astrologer's heart.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p14-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"regocijaba","title":"«regocijar»","body":"«Regocijar» = to gladden, fill with joy. «Esto regocijaba el corazón del Astrólogo» = 'this delighted the Astrologer's heart'. The dark irony — he is cheered by Lenin's complaint that no revolution can do without executions — is pure Arlt."}],"words":[{"surface":"Cómo","lemma":"cómo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hacer","gloss":"How"},{"surface":"podemos","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of hacer","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"hacer","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"make"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of revolución","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"revolución","lemma":"revolución","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of hacer","gloss":"revolution"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of fusilar","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"fusilar","lemma":"fusilar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on hacer","gloss":"shooting"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nadie","gloss":"marks object"},{"surface":"nadie","lemma":"nadie","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of fusilar","gloss":"anyone"},{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"esto","lemma":"este","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of regocijaba","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"regocijaba","lemma":"regocijar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"gladdened"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of corazón","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"corazón","lemma":"corazón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of regocijaba","gloss":"heart"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Astrólogo","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies corazón","gloss":"Astrologer"}]},{"number":38,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p14-s3","source":"Establecería dicho principio en la sociedad.","translation":"He would establish that principle in his society.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p14-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"dicho","title":"«dicho» = 'the said / that'","body":"«Dicho principio» = 'the aforesaid principle, that principle'. Used before a noun, «dicho/dicha» is a formal way to refer back to something already mentioned — common in legal and literary prose, and a tic of Arlt's narrator."}],"words":[{"surface":"Establecería","lemma":"establecer","morphology":"verb, conditional, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"would establish"},{"surface":"dicho","lemma":"dicho","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies principio","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"principio","lemma":"principio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of Establecería","gloss":"principle"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sociedad","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of sociedad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sociedad","lemma":"sociedad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of Establecería","gloss":"society"}]},{"number":39,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p14-s4","source":"Los futuros patriarcas de razas serían educados con un inexorable criterio homicida; y nuevamente se ensanchaban sus esperanzas.","translation":"The future patriarchs of races would be raised with an inexorable homicidal outlook; and once again his hopes broadened.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p14-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"serían educados","title":"Conditional passive","body":"«Serían educados» = 'they would be educated/raised'. This is the conditional of «ser» plus a participle, forming a passive in the future-in-the-past: a hypothetical outcome of the dictatorship he imagines."}],"words":[{"surface":"Los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of futuros","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"futuros","lemma":"futuro","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies patriarcas","gloss":"future"},{"surface":"patriarcas","lemma":"patriarca","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of educados","gloss":"patriarchs"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking razas","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"razas","lemma":"raza","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies patriarcas","gloss":"races"},{"surface":"serían","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, conditional, third-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of educados","gloss":"would be"},{"surface":"educados","lemma":"educar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"raised"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking criterio","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of criterio","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"inexorable","lemma":"inexorable","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies criterio","gloss":"inexorable"},{"surface":"criterio","lemma":"criterio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of educados","gloss":"outlook"},{"surface":"homicida","lemma":"homicida","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies criterio","gloss":"homicidal"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"nuevamente","lemma":"nuevamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ensanchaban","gloss":"once again"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of ensanchaban","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"ensanchaban","lemma":"ensanchar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with educados","gloss":"broadened"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of esperanzas","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"esperanzas","lemma":"esperanza","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of ensanchaban","gloss":"hopes"}]},{"number":40,"label":"15","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p15-s1","source":"Luego reconocía que todo innovador debía luchar con ideas antiguas, estampadas por la costumbre en sí mismo, y que todas sus cavilaciones actuales eran la consecuencia de una contradicción entre principios a sancionarse y aquellos establecidos.","translation":"Then he acknowledged that every innovator had to struggle with old ideas, stamped by habit into himself, and that all his present broodings were the consequence of a contradiction between principles still to be sanctioned and those already established.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p15-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"a sancionarse","title":"«a» + infinitive for the pending","body":"«Principios a sancionarse» = 'principles [still] to be sanctioned/enacted'. «A» + infinitive after a noun marks something yet to be done; the «-se» gives it a passive sense ('to be sanctioned')."}],"words":[{"surface":"Luego","lemma":"luego","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies reconocía","gloss":"Then"},{"surface":"reconocía","lemma":"reconocer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"acknowledged"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of luchar","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"todo","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of innovador","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"innovador","lemma":"innovador","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of luchar","gloss":"innovator"},{"surface":"debía","lemma":"deber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of luchar","gloss":"had to"},{"surface":"luchar","lemma":"luchar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of debía","gloss":"struggle"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ideas","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"ideas","lemma":"idea","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of luchar","gloss":"ideas"},{"surface":"antiguas","lemma":"antiguo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies ideas","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"estampadas","lemma":"estampado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies ideas","gloss":"stamped"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking costumbre","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of costumbre","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"costumbre","lemma":"costumbre","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of estampadas","gloss":"habit"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sí","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"sí","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"oblique complement of estampadas","gloss":"himself","note":"sí mismo = 'himself' (reflexive emphatic pronoun)."},{"surface":"mismo","lemma":"mismo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies sí","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of consecuencia","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"todas","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"modifies cavilaciones","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of cavilaciones","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"cavilaciones","lemma":"cavilación","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of eran","gloss":"broodings"},{"surface":"actuales","lemma":"actual","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies cavilaciones","gloss":"present"},{"surface":"eran","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"copula linking to consecuencia","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of consecuencia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"consecuencia","lemma":"consecuencia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"predicate of eran","gloss":"consequence"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking contradicción","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of contradicción","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"contradicción","lemma":"contradicción","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies consecuencia","gloss":"contradiction"},{"surface":"entre","lemma":"entre","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking principios","gloss":"between"},{"surface":"principios","lemma":"principio","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies contradicción","gloss":"principles"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of sancionarse","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"sancionarse","lemma":"sancionar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"modifies principios","gloss":"be sanctioned","note":"'a sancionarse' is a passive infinitive: principles still to be sanctioned."},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"aquellos","lemma":"aquel","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with principios","gloss":"those"},{"surface":"establecidos","lemma":"establecido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies aquellos","gloss":"established"}]},{"number":41,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p15-s2","source":"El tiempo corría entre sus dedos trabados por la cavilación.","translation":"Time ran through his fingers, locked together by brooding.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p15-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"trabados","title":"«trabados»","body":"«Trabar» = to lock, bind, interlace. «Dedos trabados» = 'interlocked fingers'. The image — time slipping through his clasped, immobile hands — echoes the earlier 'water through a basket' and is a leitmotif of this chapter."}],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of tiempo","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"tiempo","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of corría","gloss":"Time"},{"surface":"corría","lemma":"correr","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"ran"},{"surface":"entre","lemma":"entre","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dedos","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of dedos","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"dedos","lemma":"dedo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of corría","gloss":"fingers"},{"surface":"trabados","lemma":"trabado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies dedos","gloss":"locked"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cavilación","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cavilación","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cavilación","lemma":"cavilación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of trabados","gloss":"brooding"}]},{"number":42,"label":"16","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p16-s1","source":"Asesino de hoy sería el conquistador del mañana, pero en tanto soportaba la hosca malevolencia del presente amasado con ayeres.","translation":"Today's murderer would be tomorrow's conqueror, but in the meantime he endured the sullen malevolence of a present kneaded out of yesterdays.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p16-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"amasado con ayeres","title":"«amasado con ayeres»","body":"«Amasar» = to knead (dough); «ayeres» is the noun plural of «ayer» ('yesterday') — 'yesterdays'. «El presente amasado con ayeres» = 'the present kneaded together out of yesterdays'. Arlt turns an abstract idea (the past weighing on now) into a tactile, doughy image."}],"words":[{"surface":"Asesino","lemma":"asesino","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of sería","gloss":"Murderer"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hoy","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"hoy","lemma":"hoy","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Asesino","gloss":"today"},{"surface":"sería","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, conditional, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to conquistador","gloss":"would be"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of conquistador","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"conquistador","lemma":"conquistador","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"conqueror"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mañana","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"mañana","lemma":"mañana","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies conquistador","gloss":"tomorrow"},{"surface":"pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies soportaba","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"tanto","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"noun","role":"part of the phrase en","gloss":"the meantime"},{"surface":"soportaba","lemma":"soportar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with sería","gloss":"endured"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of malevolencia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hosca","lemma":"hosco","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies malevolencia","gloss":"sullen"},{"surface":"malevolencia","lemma":"malevolencia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of soportaba","gloss":"malevolence"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking presente","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"presente","lemma":"presente","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies malevolencia","gloss":"present"},{"surface":"amasado","lemma":"amasado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies presente","gloss":"kneaded"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ayeres","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"ayeres","lemma":"ayer","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of amasado","gloss":"yesterdays"}]},{"number":43,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p16-s2","source":"Levantóse encolerizado.","translation":"He rose, enraged.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p16-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Levantóse","title":"Enclitic «se» again","body":"«Levantóse» = «se levantó» ('he stood up') with the reflexive pronoun attached to the end. «Levantarse» is pronominal ('to get up'); the enclitic placement after the verb is Arlt's literary register."}],"words":[{"surface":"Levantóse","lemma":"levantarse","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"rose","note":"Levantóse is an archaic/literary form of 'se levantó,' the reflexive pronoun attached after the verb."},{"surface":"encolerizado","lemma":"encolerizado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Levantóse","gloss":"enraged"}]},{"number":44,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p16-s3","source":"Llovía aún.","translation":"It was still raining.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p16-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Llovía","lemma":"llover","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was raining"},{"surface":"aún","lemma":"aún","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Llovía","gloss":"still"}]},{"number":45,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p16-s4","source":"Salió hasta la escalinata, donde se detuvo escudriñando la oscuridad silvestre, estremecida por el agua que caía espesa y lenta.","translation":"He went out as far as the front steps, where he stopped, scrutinizing the wild darkness, shuddering under the water that fell thick and slow.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p16-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"escudriñando","title":"«escudriñar»","body":"«Escudriñar» = to scrutinize, peer searchingly into. «Escudriñando la oscuridad» = 'peering hard into the darkness'. The gerund marks what he does while standing still on the steps."}],"words":[{"surface":"Salió","lemma":"salir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went out"},{"surface":"hasta","lemma":"hasta","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking escalinata","gloss":"as far as"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of escalinata","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"escalinata","lemma":"escalinata","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of Salió","gloss":"front steps"},{"surface":"donde","lemma":"donde","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of detuvo","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of detuvo","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"detuvo","lemma":"detener","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying escalinata","gloss":"stopped"},{"surface":"escudriñando","lemma":"escudriñar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"complement of detuvo","gloss":"scrutinizing"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of oscuridad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"oscuridad","lemma":"oscuridad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of escudriñando","gloss":"darkness"},{"surface":"silvestre","lemma":"silvestre","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies oscuridad","gloss":"wild"},{"surface":"estremecida","lemma":"estremecido","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies oscuridad","gloss":"shuddering"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking agua","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of agua","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"agua","lemma":"agua","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of estremecida","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of caía","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"caía","lemma":"caer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying agua","gloss":"fell"},{"surface":"espesa","lemma":"espeso","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies agua","gloss":"thick"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lenta","lemma":"lento","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with espesa","gloss":"slow"}]},{"number":46,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p16-s5","source":"Las tinieblas parecían allí formar parte de la existencia de un monstruo que jadeaba pesadamente en la oscuridad.","translation":"The gloom there seemed to form part of the existence of a monster that panted heavily in the dark.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p16-s5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"tinieblas","title":"«tinieblas»","body":"«Tinieblas» is a plural-only, weightier word for darkness — 'gloom, deep darkness', often with a moral or biblical charge (cf. the 'iglesia tenebrosa' later in the chapter). Stronger than the neutral «oscuridad»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of tinieblas","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"tinieblas","lemma":"tiniebla","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of parecían","gloss":"gloom"},{"surface":"parecían","lemma":"parecer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"seemed"},{"surface":"allí","lemma":"allí","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies parecían","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"formar","lemma":"formar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of parecían","gloss":"form"},{"surface":"parte","lemma":"parte","morphology":"noun, singular","role":"compound with formar","gloss":"part"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking existencia","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of existencia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"existencia","lemma":"existencia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of formar","gloss":"existence"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking monstruo","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of monstruo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"monstruo","lemma":"monstruo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies existencia","gloss":"monster"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of jadeaba","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jadeaba","lemma":"jadear","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying monstruo","gloss":"panted"},{"surface":"pesadamente","lemma":"pesadamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies jadeaba","gloss":"heavily"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking oscuridad","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of oscuridad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"oscuridad","lemma":"oscuridad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of jadeaba","gloss":"dark"}]},{"number":47,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p16-s6","source":"La tierra mojada se había vuelto ocre... Y él era un hombre firme en la noche, un animador de acontecimientos grandiosos, y sin embargo ningún fantasma se levantaba de la espesura para sancionar su actitud.","translation":"The wet earth had turned ocher... And he was a firm man in the night, an instigator of grandiose events, and yet no phantom rose from the thicket to sanction his stance.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p16-s6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se había vuelto","title":"«volverse» = 'to turn / become'","body":"«Se había vuelto ocre» = 'had turned ocher'. The pronominal «volverse» expresses a change of state or color ('to become'). In the pluperfect it reports a change completed before the moment described."}],"words":[{"surface":"La","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of tierra","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tierra","lemma":"tierra","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of vuelto","gloss":"earth"},{"surface":"mojada","lemma":"mojado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies tierra","gloss":"wet"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of vuelto (volverse)","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"había","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of vuelto","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"vuelto","lemma":"volver","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"turned"},{"surface":"ocre","lemma":"ocre","morphology":"adjective, invariable, singular","role":"predicate complement of vuelto","gloss":"ocher"},{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating conjunction introducing the next clause","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, singular","role":"subject of era","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"era","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to hombre","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hombre","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate nominative of era","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"firme","lemma":"firme","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies hombre","gloss":"firm"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking noche","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of noche","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"noche","lemma":"noche","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of firme","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of animador","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"animador","lemma":"animador","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition to hombre","gloss":"instigator"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking acontecimientos","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"acontecimientos","lemma":"acontecimiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies animador","gloss":"events"},{"surface":"grandiosos","lemma":"grandioso","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies acontecimientos","gloss":"grandiose"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"preposition","role":"first part of the idiom sin embargo, modifies levantaba","gloss":"yet","note":"sin embargo is a fixed idiom meaning 'however/nevertheless', rendered here as 'yet'."},{"surface":"embargo","lemma":"embargo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"second part of the idiom sin embargo","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"ningún","lemma":"ninguno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of fantasma","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"fantasma","lemma":"fantasma","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of levantaba","gloss":"phantom"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of levantaba (levantarse)","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"levantaba","lemma":"levantar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"second main verb of the sentence, coordinated with era","gloss":"rose"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking espesura","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of espesura","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"espesura","lemma":"espesura","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of levantaba","gloss":"thicket"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of sancionar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"sancionar","lemma":"sancionar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on levantaba","gloss":"sanction"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of actitud","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"actitud","lemma":"actitud","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of sancionar","gloss":"stance"}]},{"number":48,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p16-s7","source":"Ahora se preguntaba si los hombres de otras edades habían sufrido sus indecisiones, o sí marchaban al logro de sus fines satisfechos de que la Muerte les diera un espesor de coraza a sus determinaciones.","translation":"Now he wondered whether the men of other ages had suffered his indecisions, or whether they had marched toward the achievement of their ends, satisfied that Death lent a thickness of armor to their resolves.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p16-s7.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"satisfechos de que … diera","title":"Subjunctive after emotion","body":"«Satisfechos de que la Muerte les diera…» uses the imperfect subjunctive «diera». An expression of emotion or evaluation ('satisfied that…') governs the subjunctive in the subordinate clause; the past main verb pulls it into the imperfect subjunctive."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ahora","lemma":"ahora","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies preguntaba","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of preguntaba (preguntarse)","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"preguntaba","lemma":"preguntar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"wondered"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sufrido","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of hombres","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hombres","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of sufrido","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking edades","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"otras","lemma":"otro","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of edades","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"edades","lemma":"edad","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies hombres","gloss":"ages"},{"surface":"habían","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of sufrido","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"sufrido","lemma":"sufrir","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"clausal complement of preguntaba","gloss":"suffered"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of indecisiones","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"indecisiones","lemma":"indecisión","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of sufrido","gloss":"indecisions"},{"surface":"o","lemma":"o","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"sí","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of marchaban, parallel to si...sufrido","gloss":"whether","note":"Printed with an accent (sí), but functions here as the conditional 'si' (whether), echoing the earlier 'si' in the correlative si...o si construction."},{"surface":"marchaban","lemma":"marchar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with sufrido","gloss":"marched"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking logro","gloss":"to the"},{"surface":"logro","lemma":"logro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of marchaban","gloss":"achievement"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fines","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of fines","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"fines","lemma":"fin","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies logro","gloss":"ends"},{"surface":"satisfechos","lemma":"satisfecho","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies hombres","gloss":"satisfied"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of diera, part of satisfechos de que","gloss":"that","note":"satisfecho de que is a fixed pattern meaning 'satisfied that'; 'de' is not translated literally as 'of' here."},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of diera","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of Muerte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Muerte","lemma":"Muerte","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of diera","gloss":"Death"},{"surface":"les","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, plural","role":"indirect object of diera (dative, doubling a sus determinaciones)","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"diera","lemma":"dar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of satisfechos","gloss":"lent"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of espesor","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"espesor","lemma":"espesor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of diera","gloss":"thickness"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking coraza","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"coraza","lemma":"coraza","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies espesor","gloss":"armor"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking determinaciones","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of determinaciones","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"determinaciones","lemma":"determinación","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"object of preposition a, indirect object of diera (doubling les)","gloss":"resolves"}]},{"number":49,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p16-s8","source":"¿Pero tenía importancia la muerte?","translation":"But did death have any importance?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p16-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies tenía","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"tenía","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"importancia","lemma":"importancia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of tenía","gloss":"importance"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of muerte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"muerte","lemma":"muerte","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of tenía","gloss":"death"}]},{"number":50,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p16-s9","source":"Decíase que como a ente filosófico lo único que podía interesarle era la especie, no el individuo, más los que asediaban con escrúpulos eran sus sentimientos, que contra su voluntad desdoblaban el tiempo que se necesitaba, en dos tiempos extraños.","translation":"He said to himself that, as a philosophical being, the only thing that could interest him was the species, not the individual; but what besieged him with scruples were his feelings, which, against his will, split the time he needed into two strange times.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p16-s9.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Decíase","title":"Enclitic «se» on the imperfect","body":"«Decíase» = «se decía» ('he said to himself'). The pronoun is attached to the verb's end again, Arlt's habitual literary placement. «Decirse» here is 'to tell oneself, think to oneself'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Decíase","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular, reflexive (enclitic se)","role":"main verb of the sentence (decíase = se decía)","gloss":"he said to himself","note":"Decíase is a literary word order: se + decía fused, meaning 'he said to himself' / 'it was said'."},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of era (complement of Decíase)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the comparative phrase como a ente filosófico, modifying interesarle","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ente, part of the phrase como a","gloss":"(no independent meaning)","note":"\"Como a\" is an idiomatic personifying/comparative construction (\"regarded/considered as\"); this \"a\" is not the English indefinite article. No Spanish word here corresponds to the \"a\" in the translation \"as a philosophical being\" — English supplies that article on its own since there is no \"un\" before \"ente\" in the source. Compare the correctly-handled personal \"a\" at sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p18-s1-w19, glossed \"(object marker)\" with an explanatory note; the same treatment belongs here."},{"surface":"ente","lemma":"ente","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"part of the comparative phrase como a ente filosófico","gloss":"being"},{"surface":"filosófico","lemma":"filosófico","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies ente","gloss":"philosophical"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"el","morphology":"neuter article","role":"forms the neuter phrase lo único (subject of era)","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"único","lemma":"único","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase lo único, subject of era","gloss":"only thing"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of interesarle","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"podía","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of interesarle","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"interesarle","lemma":"interesar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"verb of the relative clause modifying lo único; le = him","gloss":"interest him"},{"surface":"era","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to especie","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of especie","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"especie","lemma":"especie","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"predicate nominative of era","gloss":"species"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"negates individuo, contrasted with especie","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of individuo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"individuo","lemma":"individuo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"second predicate complement of era (negated), contrasted with especie","gloss":"individual"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"mas","morphology":"coordinating conjunction (adversative)","role":"links the coordination, contrasts with the previous clause","gloss":"but","note":"Here más (accented) functions as the archaic/literary adversative conjunction 'mas' ('but'), not 'más' ('more')."},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"part of the phrase los que (those that), subject of eran","gloss":"those"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of asediaban","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"asediaban","lemma":"asediar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"clause modifying los (relative clause, subject of eran)","gloss":"besieged"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking escrúpulos","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"escrúpulos","lemma":"escrúpulo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of asediaban","gloss":"scruples"},{"surface":"eran","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"copula linking to sentimientos","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of sentimientos","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"sentimientos","lemma":"sentimiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"predicate nominative of eran","gloss":"feelings"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of desdoblaban","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"contra","lemma":"contra","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking voluntad","gloss":"against"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of voluntad","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"voluntad","lemma":"voluntad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of desdoblaban","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"desdoblaban","lemma":"desdoblar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"clause modifying sentimientos","gloss":"split"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of tiempo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tiempo","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of desdoblaban","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of necesitaba","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, passive/reflexive","role":"passive particle of necesitaba (necesitarse)","gloss":"(passive)"},{"surface":"necesitaba","lemma":"necesitar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying tiempo","gloss":"was needed"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tiempos","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"dos","lemma":"dos","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies tiempos","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"tiempos","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of desdoblaban","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"extraños","lemma":"extraño","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies tiempos","gloss":"strange"}]},{"number":51,"label":"17","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p17-s1","source":"Un relámpago interpuso distancias azules entre los bloques de las montañas de nubes.","translation":"A flash of lightning set blue distances between the blocks of the cloud mountains.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p17-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"relámpago","title":"«relámpago» vs «trueno»","body":"«Relámpago» is the flash of lightning (the light); «trueno» is the thunder (the sound), and «rayo» the bolt that strikes. Here the lightning opens 'blue distances' between the banked storm clouds."}],"words":[{"surface":"Un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of relámpago","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"relámpago","lemma":"relámpago","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of interpuso","gloss":"lightning flash"},{"surface":"interpuso","lemma":"interponer","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"set"},{"surface":"distancias","lemma":"distancia","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of interpuso","gloss":"distances"},{"surface":"azules","lemma":"azul","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies distancias","gloss":"blue"},{"surface":"entre","lemma":"entre","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bloques","gloss":"between"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of bloques","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"bloques","lemma":"bloque","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies distancias","gloss":"blocks"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking montañas","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of montañas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"montañas","lemma":"montaña","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies bloques","gloss":"mountains"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nubes","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"nubes","lemma":"nube","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies montañas","gloss":"clouds"}]},{"number":52,"label":"18","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p18-s1","source":"Mojado y con la cabellera revuelta, se detuvo a un costado de la escalinata el Hombre que vio a la Partera.","translation":"Wet and with his hair in disarray, the Man Who Saw the Midwife stopped at one side of the front steps.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p18-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Mojado","lemma":"mojado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Hombre (fronted predicative adjective)","gloss":"wet"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cabellera","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cabellera","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"cabellera","lemma":"cabellera","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of con, modified by revuelta","gloss":"hair"},{"surface":"revuelta","lemma":"revuelto","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies cabellera","gloss":"disheveled"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of detuvo (detenerse)","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"detuvo","lemma":"detener","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stopped"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking costado","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of costado","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"costado","lemma":"costado","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of detuvo","gloss":"side"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking escalinata","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of escalinata","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"escalinata","lemma":"escalinata","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies costado","gloss":"front steps"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Hombre","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Hombre","lemma":"Hombre","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of detuvo","gloss":"Man"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of vio","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"vio","lemma":"ver","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying Hombre","gloss":"saw"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition (personal a)","role":"marks Partera as a human direct object of vio","gloss":"(object marker)","note":"Personal 'a' marks a human direct object; it has no independent translation."},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of Partera","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Partera","lemma":"Partera","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of vio","gloss":"Midwife"}]},{"number":53,"label":"19","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p19-s1","source":"–¡Ah! es usted –dijo el Astrólogo.","translation":"\"Ah! It's you,\" said the Astrologer.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p19-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ah","lemma":"ah","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation preceding es","gloss":"ah"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of dijo","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"usted","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"dijo","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of dijo","gloss":"Astrologer"}]},{"number":54,"label":"20","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p20-s1","source":"–Sí; quería preguntarle qué es lo que piensa usted de esta interpretación del versículo que dice: «El cielo de Dios».","translation":"\"Yes; I wanted to ask you what you think of this interpretation of the verse that says: 'the heaven of God.'","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p20-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"preguntarle","title":"«preguntar» + indirect object","body":"«Quería preguntarle» = 'I wanted to ask you'. «Preguntar» ('to ask a question') takes the person asked as an indirect object — here the «-le» attached to the infinitive ('to you', formal «usted»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Sí","lemma":"sí","morphology":"adverb (affirmative)","role":"affirmative particle, stands alone","gloss":"yes"},{"surface":"quería","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"wanted"},{"surface":"preguntarle","lemma":"preguntar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of quería","gloss":"ask you"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"predicate complement of es","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of preguntarle","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"el","morphology":"neuter pronoun","role":"head of the phrase lo que (subject of es)","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"direct object of piensa","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"piensa","lemma":"pensar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"verb of the clausal subject lo que piensa usted","gloss":"think"},{"surface":"usted","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, singular","role":"subject of piensa","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking interpretación","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"esta","lemma":"este","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of interpretación","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"interpretación","lemma":"interpretación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of preposition de, oblique complement of piensa","gloss":"interpretation"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking versículo","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"versículo","lemma":"versículo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies interpretación","gloss":"verse"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of dice","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"dice","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying versículo","gloss":"says"},{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cielo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cielo","lemma":"cielo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of dice (quoted text)","gloss":"heaven"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dios","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Dios","lemma":"Dios","morphology":"proper noun","role":"object of de, modifies cielo","gloss":"God"}]},{"number":55,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p20-s2","source":"Esto significa claramente que hay otros cielos que no son de Dios...","translation":"This clearly means that there are other heavens that are not God's...","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p20-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"hay","title":"«hay» = 'there is / are'","body":"«Hay otros cielos» = 'there are other heavens'. «Hay» is the invariable existential form of «haber»: it never changes for singular or plural ('there is', 'there are')."}],"words":[{"surface":"Esto","lemma":"este","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of significa","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"significa","lemma":"significar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"means"},{"surface":"claramente","lemma":"claramente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies significa","gloss":"clearly"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hay","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hay","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of significa","gloss":"there are"},{"surface":"otros","lemma":"otro","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of cielos","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"cielos","lemma":"cielo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of hay","gloss":"heavens"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of son","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies son","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"son","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"copula linking to Dios","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dios","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Dios","lemma":"Dios","morphology":"proper noun","role":"object of de, complement of son","gloss":"God"}]},{"number":56,"label":"21","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p21-s1","source":"–¿De quién, entonces?","translation":"\"Whose, then?\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p21-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"¿De quién?","title":"«¿De quién?» = 'whose?'","body":"Spanish has no single word for 'whose' in questions; it uses «¿De quién?» — literally 'of whom?'. «¿De quién es?» = 'whose is it?'. Here it asks whom the other heavens belong to."}],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking quién","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"quién","lemma":"quién","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"whom"},{"surface":"entonces","lemma":"entonces","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies quién","gloss":"then"}]},{"number":57,"label":"22","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p22-s1","source":"–Quiero decir que puede ser que haya cielos en los que no esté Dios.","translation":"\"I mean that there may be heavens in which God is not present.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p22-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"puede ser que … haya / esté","title":"Subjunctive after «puede ser que»","body":"«Puede ser que haya cielos en los que no esté Dios» — both «haya» and «esté» are present subjunctive. Expressions of possibility ('it may be that…') govern the subjunctive, marking these heavens as uncertain, merely possible."}],"words":[{"surface":"Quiero","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I want","note":"quiero decir is a fixed idiom meaning 'I mean'."},{"surface":"decir","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of Quiero","gloss":"say"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ser (complement of decir)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"puede","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of ser","gloss":"may"},{"surface":"ser","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the clause que puede ser que haya cielos... (complement of decir)","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of haya","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"haya","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of ser","gloss":"there be"},{"surface":"cielos","lemma":"cielo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of haya","gloss":"heavens"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking que","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"part of the relative phrase en los que (in which)","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"object of en, referring to cielos","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies esté","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"esté","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying cielos","gloss":"present"},{"surface":"Dios","lemma":"Dios","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of esté","gloss":"God"}]},{"number":58,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p22-s2","source":"Porque el versículo añade: «Y bajará la nueva Jerusalén».","translation":"Because the verse adds: 'And the new Jerusalem shall come down.'","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p22-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Porque","lemma":"porque","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of añade","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of versículo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"versículo","lemma":"versículo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of añade","gloss":"verse"},{"surface":"añade","lemma":"añadir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"adds"},{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the quoted clause with bajará","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bajará","lemma":"bajar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the quoted clause (direct object of añade)","gloss":"come down"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of Jerusalén","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"nueva","lemma":"nuevo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies Jerusalén","gloss":"new"},{"surface":"Jerusalén","lemma":"Jerusalén","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of bajará","gloss":"Jerusalem"}]},{"number":59,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p22-s3","source":"¿La nueva Jerusalén?","translation":"The new Jerusalem?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p22-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"La","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of Jerusalén","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"nueva","lemma":"nuevo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies Jerusalén","gloss":"new"},{"surface":"Jerusalén","lemma":"Jerusalén","morphology":"proper noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Jerusalem"}]},{"number":60,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p22-s4","source":"¿Será la nueva Iglesia?","translation":"Could it be the new Church?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p22-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"¿Será…?","title":"Future of conjecture in a question","body":"«¿Será la nueva Iglesia?» = 'Could it be / might it be the new Church?'. As before, the future tense expresses a present guess. In a question it conveys wondering or speculation rather than a real future event."}],"words":[{"surface":"Será","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to Iglesia","gloss":"could it be","note":"Future tense used for conjecture ('futuro de probabilidad'), not literal future time."},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of Iglesia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"nueva","lemma":"nuevo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies Iglesia","gloss":"new"},{"surface":"Iglesia","lemma":"Iglesia","morphology":"proper noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Church"}]},{"number":61,"label":"23","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p23-s1","source":"El Astrólogo meditó un instante.","translation":"The Astrologer pondered for an instant.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p23-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"meditó","title":"Preterite «meditó»","body":"«Meditó un instante» = 'he pondered for a moment'. The preterite presents the thinking as a single, bounded act with a clear endpoint ('an instant'), unlike the open-ended imperfect «meditaba» that opened the chapter."}],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of meditó","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"meditó","lemma":"meditar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"pondered"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of instante","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"instante","lemma":"instante","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of meditó (duration)","gloss":"instant"}]},{"number":62,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p23-s2","source":"El asunto no le interesaba, pero sabía que para mantener su prestigio ante el otro tenía que responder, y contestó:","translation":"The matter did not interest him, but he knew that to keep up his prestige before the other man he had to answer, and so he replied:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p23-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"tenía que responder","title":"«tener que» + infinitive","body":"«Tenía que responder» = 'he had to answer'. «Tener que» + infinitive expresses strong obligation or necessity ('to have to'). The imperfect «tenía» keeps the obligation present in the scene's ongoing time."}],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of asunto","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"asunto","lemma":"asunto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of interesaba","gloss":"matter"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies interesaba","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of interesaba (him)","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"interesaba","lemma":"interesar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"interest"},{"surface":"pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"sabía","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with interesaba","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tenía (complement of sabía)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the purpose clause of mantener","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"mantener","lemma":"mantener","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"purpose clause modifying tenía (in order to keep up prestige)","gloss":"keep up"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of prestigio","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"prestigio","lemma":"prestigio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of mantener","gloss":"prestige"},{"surface":"ante","lemma":"ante","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking otro","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of otro","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"otro","lemma":"otro","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"object of ante","gloss":"other man"},{"surface":"tenía","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of sabía","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the periphrasis tener que (had to)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"responder","lemma":"responder","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of tenía (tener que + infinitive)","gloss":"answer"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"contestó","lemma":"contestar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with sabía","gloss":"replied"}]},{"number":63,"label":"24","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p24-s1","source":"–Nosotros, los iluminados, sabemos en secreto que la nueva Jerusalén es la nueva Iglesia.","translation":"\"We, the illuminated, know in secret that the new Jerusalem is the new Church.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p24-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nosotros","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, plural","role":"subject of sabemos","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of iluminados","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"iluminados","lemma":"iluminado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"in apposition to Nosotros","gloss":"illuminated"},{"surface":"sabemos","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking secreto","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"secreto","lemma":"secreto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of sabemos","gloss":"secret"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of es","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of Jerusalén","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"nueva","lemma":"nuevo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies Jerusalén","gloss":"new"},{"surface":"Jerusalén","lemma":"Jerusalén","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of es","gloss":"Jerusalem"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to Iglesia","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of Iglesia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"nueva","lemma":"nuevo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies Iglesia","gloss":"new"},{"surface":"Iglesia","lemma":"Iglesia","morphology":"proper noun","role":"predicate nominative of es","gloss":"Church"}]},{"number":64,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p24-s2","source":"Por eso dice Swedemborg: «Puesto que el Señor no puede manifestarse en persona, y habiendo anunciado que vendrá y establecerá una Nueva Iglesia, sigue que lo hará por medio de un hombre, que no sólo pueda recibir la doctrina de esta iglesia, sino también publicarla por medio de la prensa...» pero ¿por qué usted independientemente de otra escritura llega a admitir la existencia de varios cielos?","translation":"That is why Swedenborg says: 'Since the Lord cannot manifest Himself in person, and having announced that He will come and establish a New Church, it follows that He will do so through a man, who can not only receive the doctrine of this church but also publish it by means of the press...' — but why is it that you, independently of any other scripture, come to admit the existence of several heavens?\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p24-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking eso","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"eso","lemma":"eso","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of dice","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"dice","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"says"},{"surface":"Swedemborg","lemma":"Swedemborg","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of dice","gloss":"Swedenborg","note":"Misspelled in the original text; refers to the philosopher Emanuel Swedenborg (correct spelling: Swedenborg)."},{"surface":"Puesto","lemma":"puesto que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the fixed phrase puesto que (since), introduces the clause of manifestarse","gloss":"Given"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase puesto que (since)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Señor","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Señor","lemma":"Señor","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of manifestarse","gloss":"Lord"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies puede (negates the verb phrase)","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"puede","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of manifestarse","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"manifestarse","lemma":"manifestarse","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of puede","gloss":"manifest Himself"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking persona","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"persona","lemma":"persona","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of manifestarse","gloss":"person"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"habiendo","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, gerund","role":"auxiliary of anunciado","gloss":"having"},{"surface":"anunciado","lemma":"anunciar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"verb of the gerund clause habiendo anunciado, coordinated with manifestarse (via y)","gloss":"announced"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vendrá","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"vendrá","lemma":"venir","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of anunciado","gloss":"he will come"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"establecerá","lemma":"establecer","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with vendrá","gloss":"will establish"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of Iglesia (the name Nueva Iglesia)","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Nueva","lemma":"Nueva","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies Iglesia (part of the name Nueva Iglesia)","gloss":"New"},{"surface":"Iglesia","lemma":"Iglesia","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of establecerá (head of the name Nueva Iglesia)","gloss":"Church","note":"Refers to Swedenborg's 'New Church' (Nueva Iglesia), the religious movement founded on his teachings."},{"surface":"sigue","lemma":"seguir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the quoted clause (sigue que = it follows that)","gloss":"it follows"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hará","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of hará","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"hará","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of sigue","gloss":"he will do"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hombre (part of the fixed phrase por medio de)","gloss":"by","note":"'Por medio de' is a fixed phrase meaning 'by means of'."},{"surface":"medio","lemma":"medio","morphology":"noun","role":"part of the phrase por medio de","gloss":"means"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase por medio de","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hombre","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of hará","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of pueda recibir","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the correlative no sólo... sino también (not only... but also)","gloss":"not","note":"Part of the correlative 'no sólo... sino también' — 'not only... but also'."},{"surface":"sólo","lemma":"sólo","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase no sólo","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"pueda","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of recibir","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"recibir","lemma":"recibir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of pueda (clause modifying hombre)","gloss":"receive"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of doctrina","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"doctrina","lemma":"doctrina","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of recibir","gloss":"doctrine"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking iglesia","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"esta","lemma":"este","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of iglesia","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"iglesia","lemma":"iglesia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of doctrina (doctrine of this church)","gloss":"church"},{"surface":"sino","lemma":"sino","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"también","lemma":"también","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies publicarla","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"publicarla","lemma":"publicar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"coordinated with recibir (via sino también)","gloss":"publish it","note":"The '-la' ending is an attached clitic pronoun meaning 'it' (la doctrina)."},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking prensa (part of the phrase por medio de)","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"medio","lemma":"medio","morphology":"noun","role":"part of the phrase por medio de","gloss":"means"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase por medio de","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of prensa","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"prensa","lemma":"prensa","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of publicarla","gloss":"press"},{"surface":"pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase por qué (why), marking qué","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"part of the phrase por qué, modifies llega","gloss":"what","note":"'Por qué' together means 'why'."},{"surface":"usted","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, second-person formal, singular","role":"subject of llega","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"independientemente","lemma":"independientemente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies llega","gloss":"independently"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking escritura","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"otra","lemma":"otro","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of escritura","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"escritura","lemma":"escritura","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of independientemente (governed by de)","gloss":"scripture"},{"surface":"llega","lemma":"llegar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence, coordinated with dice via pero","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of admitir","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"admitir","lemma":"admitir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of llega","gloss":"admit"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of existencia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"existencia","lemma":"existencia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of admitir","gloss":"existence"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cielos","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"varios","lemma":"varios","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of cielos","gloss":"several"},{"surface":"cielos","lemma":"cielo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of existencia (governed by de)","gloss":"heavens"}]},{"number":65,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p24-s3","source":"Bromberg, guareciéndose en el pórtico, miró la jadeante oscuridad estremecida por la lluvia, luego contestó:","translation":"Bromberg, taking shelter in the portico, looked at the panting darkness shuddering under the rain, then answered:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p24-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"guareciéndose","title":"«guarecerse»","body":"«Guarecerse» = to take shelter, shield oneself (from weather or danger). «Guareciéndose en el pórtico» = 'sheltering in the portico'. It is a pronominal verb (note «se»); the gerund shows what Bromberg does while looking out at the rain."}],"words":[{"surface":"Bromberg","lemma":"Bromberg","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of miró","gloss":"Bromberg"},{"surface":"guareciéndose","lemma":"guarecerse","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"clause modifying Bromberg","gloss":"taking shelter"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pórtico","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of pórtico","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"pórtico","lemma":"pórtico","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of guareciéndose","gloss":"portico"},{"surface":"miró","lemma":"mirar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"looked at"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of oscuridad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"jadeante","lemma":"jadeante","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies oscuridad","gloss":"panting"},{"surface":"oscuridad","lemma":"oscuridad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of miró","gloss":"darkness"},{"surface":"estremecida","lemma":"estremecido","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies oscuridad","gloss":"shuddering"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lluvia","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of lluvia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"lluvia","lemma":"lluvia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"agent complement of estremecida (por + noun)","gloss":"rain"},{"surface":"luego","lemma":"luego","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies contestó","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"contestó","lemma":"contestar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with miró (second main verb)","gloss":"answered"}]},{"number":66,"label":"25","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p25-s1","source":"–Porque los cielos se sienten como el amor.","translation":"\"Because the heavens are felt like love.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p25-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se sienten","title":"Passive/impersonal «se»","body":"«Los cielos se sienten como el amor» = 'the heavens are felt like love / one feels the heavens as one feels love'. The «se» makes the verb impersonal-passive: the heavens are the thing felt, with no stated feeler."}],"words":[{"surface":"Porque","lemma":"Porque","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sienten","gloss":"Because"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of cielos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cielos","lemma":"cielo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of sienten","gloss":"heavens"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, passive/impersonal marker","role":"passive marker of sienten (mediopassive: are felt)","gloss":"(passive)","note":"'Se' + verb here is a mediopassive construction: 'los cielos se sienten' = 'the heavens are felt' (not reflexive)."},{"surface":"sienten","lemma":"sentir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"are felt"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the comparison (como + amor = like love)","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of amor","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"amor","lemma":"amor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of the comparison como (like love)","gloss":"love"}]},{"number":67,"label":"26","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p26-s1","source":"El Astrólogo miró sorprendido al judío, y éste continuó:","translation":"The Astrologer looked at the Jew in surprise, and the latter went on:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p26-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"éste","title":"«éste» = 'the latter'","body":"«Éste continuó» = 'the latter went on'. The demonstrative «éste» ('this one') points to the nearer, most recently named person — here Bromberg — and is the standard way Spanish says 'the latter'."}],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of miró","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"miró","lemma":"mirar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"looked"},{"surface":"sorprendido","lemma":"sorprendido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate adjective describing Astrólogo (looked in surprise)","gloss":"surprised"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking judío","gloss":"at the"},{"surface":"judío","lemma":"judío","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of miró (marked by personal a)","gloss":"Jew"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"éste","lemma":"este","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of continuó","gloss":"the latter"},{"surface":"continuó","lemma":"continuar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with miró","gloss":"went on"}]},{"number":68,"label":"27","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p27-s1","source":"–Es como el amor.","translation":"\"It is like love.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p27-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to amor","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the comparison (like love)","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of amor","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"amor","lemma":"amor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of the comparison como, predicate complement of Es","gloss":"love"}]},{"number":69,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p27-s2","source":"¿Cómo puede usted negar el amor si el amor está en usted y usted siente que los ángeles hacen más fuerte su amor?","translation":"How can you deny love, if love is in you and you feel that the angels make your love stronger?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p27-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Cómo","lemma":"cómo","morphology":"adverb, interrogative","role":"modifies puede negar (how)","gloss":"How"},{"surface":"puede","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of negar","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"usted","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, second-person formal, singular","role":"subject of negar","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"negar","lemma":"negar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"deny"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of amor","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"amor","lemma":"amor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of negar","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of está","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of amor","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"amor","lemma":"amor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of está","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"está","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the si-clause (está = is), modifies negar","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking usted","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"usted","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, singular","role":"oblique complement of está (en usted = in you)","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"usted","lemma":"usted","morphology":"pronoun, second-person formal, singular","role":"subject of siente","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"siente","lemma":"sentir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with está","gloss":"feel"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hacen","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of ángeles","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ángeles","lemma":"ángel","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of hacen","gloss":"angels"},{"surface":"hacen","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"clausal complement of siente","gloss":"make"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fuerte","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"fuerte","lemma":"fuerte","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"resultative complement (predicate adjective) with su amor as object of hacen","gloss":"strong"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of amor","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"amor","lemma":"amor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of hacen","gloss":"love"}]},{"number":70,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p27-s3","source":"Lo mismo pasa con los cuatro cielos.","translation":"The same happens with the four heavens.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p27-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Lo","lemma":"lo","morphology":"article, neuter","role":"determiner of mismo (lo mismo = the same thing)","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"mismo","lemma":"mismo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of pasa","gloss":"same"},{"surface":"pasa","lemma":"pasar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"happens"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cielos","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of cielos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cuatro","lemma":"cuatro","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies cielos","gloss":"four"},{"surface":"cielos","lemma":"cielo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of pasa","gloss":"heavens"}]},{"number":71,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p27-s4","source":"Se debe admitir que todas las palabras de la Biblia son de misterio, porque si así no fuera el libro sería absurdo.","translation":"One must admit that all the words of the Bible are words of mystery, for if it were not so the book would be absurd.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p27-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"si así no fuera … sería","title":"Unreal conditional","body":"«Si así no fuera, el libro sería absurdo» = 'if it were not so, the book would be absurd'. This is the unreal/hypothetical conditional: imperfect subjunctive «fuera» in the 'if' clause, conditional «sería» in the result."}],"words":[{"surface":"Se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, impersonal marker","role":"impersonal marker of debe admitir (one must / it must be)","gloss":"One","note":"Impersonal 'se': 'se debe admitir' = 'one must admit' / 'it must be admitted'."},{"surface":"debe","lemma":"deber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of admitir","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"admitir","lemma":"admitir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"admit"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clausal complement of admitir","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"todas","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"modifies palabras (all)","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of palabras","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"palabras","lemma":"palabra","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of son","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Biblia","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of Biblia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Biblia","lemma":"Biblia","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies palabras","gloss":"Bible"},{"surface":"son","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"copula linking to misterio","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking misterio","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"misterio","lemma":"misterio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of son (de misterio = of mystery)","gloss":"mystery"},{"surface":"porque","lemma":"porque","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of absurdo","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the conditional clause (si así no fuera = if it were not so)","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fuera (si así no fuera = if it were not so)","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fuera","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"fuera","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"verb of the si-clause (fuera = were), complement así","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of libro","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"libro","lemma":"libro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of sería","gloss":"book"},{"surface":"sería","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, conditional, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to absurdo","gloss":"would be"},{"surface":"absurdo","lemma":"absurdo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of sería (sería absurdo = would be absurd)","gloss":"absurd"}]},{"number":72,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p27-s5","source":"La otra noche leía entristecido el Apocalipsis.","translation":"The other night I was reading the Apocalypse, full of sorrow.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p27-s5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"leía","title":"Imperfect for an ongoing past","body":"«Leía entristecido el Apocalipsis» = 'I was reading the Apocalypse, saddened'. The imperfect «leía» sets a continuous background action — what he was busy doing on that other night — rather than a single completed read."}],"words":[{"surface":"La","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of noche","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"otra","lemma":"otro","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of noche (with La)","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"noche","lemma":"noche","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"temporal adverbial phrase modifying leía (the other night)","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"leía","lemma":"leer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence (implied subject yo = I)","gloss":"I was reading"},{"surface":"entristecido","lemma":"entristecido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate adjective describing the subject (yo) — full of sorrow","gloss":"sorrowful"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Apocalipsis","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Apocalipsis","lemma":"Apocalipsis","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of leía","gloss":"Apocalypse"}]},{"number":73,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p27-s6","source":"Pensaba que tenía que asesinarlo a Gregorio, y me decía si está permitido verter sangre humana.","translation":"I was thinking that I had to murder Gregorio, and I asked myself whether it is permitted to shed human blood.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p27-s6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"asesinarlo a Gregorio","title":"Redundant object pronoun","body":"«Asesinarlo a Gregorio» doubles the object: the pronoun «-lo» and the full noun «a Gregorio» both name the victim. This 'clitic doubling' is very common in Río de la Plata Spanish, especially with a personal «a» before the named person."}],"words":[{"surface":"Pensaba","lemma":"pensar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I was thinking"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of asesinarlo","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"tenía","lemma":"tener","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of Pensaba","gloss":"I had"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"particle (part of the periphrasis tener que)","role":"part of the periphrasis tenía que (had to)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"asesinarlo","lemma":"asesinar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of tenía que","gloss":"murder him","note":"Clitic doubling: 'lo' (him) doubles the direct object 'a Gregorio' — common in Rioplatense Spanish."},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Gregorio","gloss":"(personal a)"},{"surface":"Gregorio","lemma":"Gregorio","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of asesinarlo","gloss":"Gregorio"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of decía","gloss":"myself"},{"surface":"decía","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with Pensaba","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of permitido","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"está","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to permitido","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"permitido","lemma":"permitido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of está (is permitted)","gloss":"permitted"},{"surface":"verter","lemma":"verter","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"infinitive clause, subject of está permitido (to shed)","gloss":"to shed"},{"surface":"sangre","lemma":"sangre","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of verter","gloss":"blood"},{"surface":"humana","lemma":"humano","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies sangre","gloss":"human"}]},{"number":74,"label":"28","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p28-s1","source":"–Cuando se estrangula no se vierte sangre –repuso el Astrólogo.","translation":"\"When you strangle, no blood is shed,\" the Astrologer rejoined.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p28-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se estrangula / se vierte","title":"Impersonal «se»","body":"«Cuando se estrangula no se vierte sangre» = 'when one strangles, no blood is spilled'. Both verbs use the impersonal «se» to state a general truth with no specific subject — 'one does X', 'X is done'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Cuando","lemma":"Cuando","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of estrangula","gloss":"When"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, impersonal marker","role":"impersonal marker of estrangula (one/you strangle)","gloss":"you","note":"Impersonal 'se': 'cuando se estrangula' = 'when one strangles / when you strangle'."},{"surface":"estrangula","lemma":"estrangular","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"verb of the cuando-clause, modifies vierte","gloss":"strangle"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vierte","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, passive marker","role":"passive marker of vierte (blood is shed)","gloss":"(passive)","note":"Passive 'se': 'no se vierte sangre' = 'no blood is shed'."},{"surface":"vierte","lemma":"verter","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the quoted clause (no se vierte sangre = no blood is shed)","gloss":"is shed"},{"surface":"sangre","lemma":"sangre","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of vierte","gloss":"blood"},{"surface":"repuso","lemma":"reponer","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the reporting clause (repuso = rejoined)","gloss":"rejoined"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of repuso","gloss":"Astrologer"}]},{"number":75,"label":"29","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p29-s1","source":"–Y cuando llegué a la parte del «cielo de Dios» comprendí el motivo de la tristeza de los hombres.","translation":"\"And when I reached the part about the 'heaven of God,' I understood the reason for men's sorrow.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p29-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"llegué … comprendí","title":"Two preterites in sequence","body":"«Cuando llegué… comprendí» = 'when I reached… I understood'. Both are preterites, reporting two single completed actions one after the other. The preterite is the tense of the storyline's moving events."}],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"Y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"connects to the previous line of dialogue (and)","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"cuando","lemma":"cuando","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of llegué","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"llegué","lemma":"llegar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on comprendí","gloss":"I reached"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking parte","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of parte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"parte","lemma":"parte","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of llegué","gloss":"part"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cielo","gloss":"about the"},{"surface":"cielo","lemma":"cielo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies parte","gloss":"heaven"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dios","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Dios","lemma":"Dios","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies cielo","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"comprendí","lemma":"comprender","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I understood"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of motivo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"motivo","lemma":"motivo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of comprendí","gloss":"reason"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tristeza","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of tristeza","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tristeza","lemma":"tristeza","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies motivo","gloss":"sorrow"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hombres","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of hombres","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hombres","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies tristeza","gloss":"men"}]},{"number":76,"label":"30","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p30-s1","source":"El cielo de Dios les había sido negado por la iglesia tenebrosa... y por eso los hombres pecaban tan fuertemente.","translation":"The heaven of God had been denied them by the dark church... and that is why men sinned so heavily.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p30-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"les había sido negado","title":"Pluperfect passive","body":"«Les había sido negado» = 'had been denied to them'. This is a full passive in the pluperfect: «haber» + «sido» (participle of «ser») + «negado». «Les» is the indirect object ('to them')."},{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"tenebrosa","title":"«tenebroso»","body":"«Tenebroso» = dark, shadowy, sinister — built on «tinieblas» ('gloom'). «La iglesia tenebrosa», 'the dark/sinister church', is Bromberg's name for the corrupt institutional Church that, in his vision, has shut men out of God's heaven."}],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cielo","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"cielo","lemma":"cielo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of negado (passive: había sido negado)","gloss":"heaven"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dios","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Dios","lemma":"Dios","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies cielo","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"les","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, plural","role":"indirect object of negado (to them)","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"había","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of negado","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"sido","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"auxiliary of negado","gloss":"been"},{"surface":"negado","lemma":"negar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"denied"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking iglesia","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of iglesia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"iglesia","lemma":"iglesia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"agent complement of negado (por + noun = by the church)","gloss":"church"},{"surface":"tenebrosa","lemma":"tenebroso","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies iglesia","gloss":"dark"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking eso","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"eso","lemma":"eso","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"oblique complement of pecaban","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of hombres","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hombres","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of pecaban","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"pecaban","lemma":"pecar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the second clause, coordinated with había sido negado","gloss":"sinned"},{"surface":"tan","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fuertemente","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"fuertemente","lemma":"fuertemente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies pecaban","gloss":"heavily"}]},{"number":77,"label":"31","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p31-s1","source":"En las tinieblas, la voz aniñada de Bromberg sonaba tan tristemente como si se lamentara de que lo hubiesen excluido del verdadero cielo.","translation":"In the gloom, Bromberg's childlike voice sounded as sorrowful as if he were lamenting that he had been shut out of the true heaven.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p31-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"como si … lamentara / hubiesen excluido","title":"«como si» + subjunctive layered","body":"«Como si se lamentara de que lo hubiesen excluido» stacks two subjunctives: imperfect «lamentara» after «como si» ('as if'), and pluperfect «hubiesen excluido» after the emotion «lamentarse de que» ('to lament that'). Both mark unreal, felt-but-not-stated content."}],"words":[{"surface":"En","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tinieblas","gloss":"In"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of tinieblas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tinieblas","lemma":"tiniebla","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of sonaba","gloss":"gloom"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of voz","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"voz","lemma":"voz","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of sonaba","gloss":"voice"},{"surface":"aniñada","lemma":"aniñado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies voz","gloss":"childlike"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Bromberg","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Bromberg","lemma":"Bromberg","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies voz","gloss":"Bromberg"},{"surface":"sonaba","lemma":"sonar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sounded"},{"surface":"tan","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase tan...como si (as...as if)","gloss":"as","note":"'Tan...como si' = 'as...as if', introducing a hypothetical comparison."},{"surface":"tristemente","lemma":"tristemente","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase tan...como si","gloss":"sorrowfully"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase tan...como si","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of lamentara","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of lamentara","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"lamentara","lemma":"lamentarse","morphology":"verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on sonaba","gloss":"were lamenting"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase lamentarse de que (to lament that)","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of excluido","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of excluido","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"hubiesen","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of excluido","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"excluido","lemma":"excluir","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the que-clause (lo hubiesen excluido = he had been excluded), complement of lamentarse de que","gloss":"shut out"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cielo","gloss":"from the"},{"surface":"verdadero","lemma":"verdadero","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies cielo","gloss":"true"},{"surface":"cielo","lemma":"cielo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of excluido","gloss":"heaven"}]},{"number":78,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p31-s2","source":"El Astrólogo arguyó:","translation":"The Astrologer argued:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p31-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"arguyó","title":"«argüir» in the preterite","body":"«Arguyó» is the preterite of «argüir» ('to argue, contend'). Two spelling changes apply: (1) the «-i-» of the ending becomes «-y-» when it falls between vowels («argü-i-ó → arguy-ó»); (2) the stem's «ü» loses its dieresis in forms where it is no longer needed to signal the separate vowel sound («argü-» → «argu-»). Both are regular patterns for «-üir» verbs."}],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of arguyó","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"arguyó","lemma":"arguir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"argued"}]},{"number":79,"label":"32","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p32-s1","source":"–El hombre alado que me habla en sueños me ha dicho que el fin de la iglesia tenebrosa es próximo...","translation":"\"The winged man who speaks to me in dreams has told me that the end of the dark church is near...\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p32-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"me ha dicho","title":"Present perfect «ha dicho»","body":"«Me ha dicho» = 'has told me'. The present perfect (present of «haber» + participle) links a past event to the present moment — the telling still bears on now. River Plate speech often prefers the preterite, so the perfect here gives a slightly elevated, prophetic tone."}],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hombre","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of ha dicho","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"alado","lemma":"alado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies hombre","gloss":"winged"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of habla","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of habla (speaks to me)","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"habla","lemma":"hablar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying hombre","gloss":"speaks"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sueños","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"sueños","lemma":"sueño","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of habla","gloss":"dreams"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of dicho","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of dicho","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"dicho","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"told"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of próximo","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of fin","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"fin","lemma":"fin","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"end"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking iglesia","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of iglesia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"iglesia","lemma":"iglesia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies fin","gloss":"church"},{"surface":"tenebrosa","lemma":"tenebroso","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies iglesia","gloss":"dark"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to próximo","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"próximo","lemma":"próximo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of es (is near)","gloss":"near"}]},{"number":80,"label":"33","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p33-s1","source":"–Así tiene que ser... porque el infierno crece día a día.","translation":"\"So it must be... because hell grows day by day.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p33-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"tiene que ser","title":"«tener que» of inference","body":"«Así tiene que ser» = 'that's how it must be'. Besides obligation, «tener que» + infinitive can express logical necessity or strong inference — 'it has to be so'. Context tells the two apart."}],"words":[{"surface":"Así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb","role":"predicate complement of ser (así = so/thus)","gloss":"So"},{"surface":"tiene","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"particle (part of the periphrasis tener que)","role":"part of the periphrasis tiene que (must)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ser","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of tiene que (must be)","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"porque","lemma":"porque","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of crece","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of infierno","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"infierno","lemma":"infierno","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of crece","gloss":"hell"},{"surface":"crece","lemma":"crecer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the porque-clause (crece = grows), modifies tiene que ser","gloss":"grows"},{"surface":"día","lemma":"día","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of crece","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking día","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"día","lemma":"día","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of crece","gloss":"day"}]},{"number":81,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p33-s2","source":"Son tan pocos los que se salvan, que el cielo junto al infierno es más chico que un grano de arena junto al océano.","translation":"So few are those who are saved that heaven, beside hell, is smaller than a grain of sand beside the ocean.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p33-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"tan pocos … que","title":"«tan… que» (so… that)","body":"«Son tan pocos los que se salvan, que…» = 'so few are saved that…'. The «tan + adjective… que…» construction expresses degree and consequence — 'so X that Y'. «Chico» is the everyday River Plate word for 'small'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Son","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"copula linking to pocos","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"tan","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies pocos","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"pocos","lemma":"poco","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"predicate complement of Son","gloss":"few"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of the relative clause (in apposition to pocos)","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of salvan","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"pronoun, passive/reflexive, third-person","role":"passive/reflexive particle of salvan","gloss":"passive marker"},{"surface":"salvan","lemma":"salvar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"relative clause verb, modifies pocos","gloss":"are saved"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of chico","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cielo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cielo","lemma":"cielo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"heaven"},{"surface":"junto","lemma":"junto","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"part of the phrase junto a, marking infierno (modifies es)","gloss":"beside"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of infierno","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"infierno","lemma":"infierno","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of the preposition junto a (modifies cielo)","gloss":"hell"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to chico","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies chico","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"chico","lemma":"chico","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of es","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"comparative 'than', compares to grano","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of grano","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"grano","lemma":"grano","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of the comparative que (compared to cielo)","gloss":"grain"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking arena","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"arena","lemma":"arena","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of de, modifies grano","gloss":"sand"},{"surface":"junto","lemma":"junto","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"part of the phrase junto a, marking océano (modifies grano)","gloss":"beside"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of océano","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"océano","lemma":"océano","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of the preposition junto a (modifies grano)","gloss":"ocean"}]},{"number":82,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p33-s3","source":"Año tras año crece el infierno, y la iglesia tenebrosa, que debió salvar al hombre, engorda día por día al infierno, y el infierno triste crece, crece, sin que haya una posibilidad de hacerlo más pequeño.","translation":"Year after year hell grows, and the dark church, which ought to have saved man, fattens hell day by day, and sad hell grows, grows, without there being any possibility of making it smaller.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p33-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"sin que haya","title":"Subjunctive after «sin que»","body":"«Sin que haya una posibilidad» = 'without there being any possibility'. «Sin que» ('without … -ing') always takes the subjunctive; «haya» is the present subjunctive of the existential «haber» ('there is')."}],"words":[{"surface":"Año","lemma":"año","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of crece (part of año tras año)","gloss":"year"},{"surface":"tras","lemma":"tras","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking año","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"año","lemma":"año","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of tras (forms año tras año, adverbial on crece)","gloss":"year"},{"surface":"crece","lemma":"crecer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"grows"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of infierno","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"infierno","lemma":"infierno","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of crece","gloss":"hell"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of iglesia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"iglesia","lemma":"iglesia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of engorda","gloss":"church"},{"surface":"tenebrosa","lemma":"tenebrós","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies iglesia","gloss":"dark"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of debió","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"debió","lemma":"deber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of salvar","gloss":"ought to have"},{"surface":"salvar","lemma":"salvar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of debió","gloss":"save"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"personal a + determiner, marks the direct object hombre","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of salvar","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"engorda","lemma":"engordar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the second clause (coordinated with crece)","gloss":"fattens"},{"surface":"día","lemma":"día","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of engorda (part of día por día)","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking día","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"día","lemma":"día","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of por (forms día por día, adverbial on engorda)","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"personal a + determiner, marks the direct object infierno","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"infierno","lemma":"infierno","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of engorda","gloss":"hell"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of infierno","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"infierno","lemma":"infierno","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of crece","gloss":"hell"},{"surface":"triste","lemma":"triste","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies infierno","gloss":"sad"},{"surface":"crece","lemma":"crecer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the third clause (coordinated with engorda)","gloss":"grows"},{"surface":"crece","lemma":"crecer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"repeated for emphasis, coordinated with the previous crece","gloss":"grows"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of haya","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of haya","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"haya","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"verb of the sin que clause (adverbial on the sentence)","gloss":"there being"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of posibilidad","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"posibilidad","lemma":"posibilidad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of haya","gloss":"possibility"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of hacerlo","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"hacerlo","lemma":"hacer él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of de (modifies posibilidad)","gloss":"making it"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies pequeño","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"pequeño","lemma":"pequeño","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate adjective complement of hacerlo","gloss":"small"}]},{"number":83,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p33-s4","source":"Y los ángeles miran con miedo la iglesia tenebrosa y el infierno rojo inflado como el vientre de un hidrópico.","translation":"And the angels look in fear at the dark church and at red hell, swollen like the belly of a dropsical man.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p33-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"hidrópico","title":"«hidrópico»","body":"«Hidrópico» = suffering from dropsy (edema) — the body swollen with retained fluid. «El vientre de un hidrópico» = 'the belly of a dropsical man'. The grotesque-medical simile for a bloated hell is characteristically Arltian."}],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"conjunction linking to the previous sentence","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of ángeles","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ángeles","lemma":"ángel","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of miran","gloss":"angels"},{"surface":"miran","lemma":"mirar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"look"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking miedo","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"miedo","lemma":"miedo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of miran","gloss":"fear"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of iglesia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"iglesia","lemma":"iglesia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of miran","gloss":"church"},{"surface":"tenebrosa","lemma":"tenebrós","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies iglesia","gloss":"dark"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of infierno","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"infierno","lemma":"infierno","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of miran, coordinated with iglesia","gloss":"hell"},{"surface":"rojo","lemma":"rojo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies infierno","gloss":"red"},{"surface":"inflado","lemma":"inflado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies infierno","gloss":"swollen"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vientre","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of vientre","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"vientre","lemma":"vientre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of como, compared to inflado","gloss":"belly"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hidrópico","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hidrópico","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"hidrópico","lemma":"hidrópico","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies vientre","gloss":"dropsical man"}]},{"number":84,"label":"34","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p34-s1","source":"El Astrólogo repuso, adoptando para hablar un altisonante tono:","translation":"The Astrologer replied, adopting a high-flown tone in which to speak:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p34-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"altisonante","title":"«altisonante»","body":"«Altisonante» = high-sounding, pompous, grandiloquent. The narrator flags that the Astrologer puts on an inflated, theatrical voice — he is performing a prophet, and Arlt lets us see the seam."}],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of repuso","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"repuso","lemma":"reponer","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"replied"},{"surface":"adoptando","lemma":"adoptar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on repuso","gloss":"adopting"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of hablar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"hablar","lemma":"hablar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"purpose infinitive, modifies adoptando","gloss":"to speak"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of tono","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"altisonante","lemma":"altisonante","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies tono","gloss":"high-flown"},{"surface":"tono","lemma":"tono","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of adoptando","gloss":"tone"}]},{"number":85,"label":"35","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p35-s1","source":"–Por eso el hombre alado me ha dicho: «Ve, santo varón, a edificar a los hombres y a anunciar la buena nueva.","translation":"\"That is why the winged man has said to me: 'Go, holy man, to edify men and to announce the good news.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p35-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Ve","title":"Affirmative «tú» command «ve»","body":"«Ve» is the irregular affirmative command («tú» imperative) of «ir» ('to go'): 'Go!'. (Spelled the same as «ve» from «ver», but here it is 'go'.) The Astrologer slips into the «tú» of biblical revelation."},{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"la buena nueva","title":"«la buena nueva»","body":"«La buena nueva» = 'the good news' — the literal gloss of 'gospel' (Greek euangelion). «Nueva» as a noun means 'tidings, news'. The phrase is deliberately scriptural."}],"words":[{"surface":"Por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking eso","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"eso","lemma":"ese","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"oblique complement of ha dicho","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hombre","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of ha dicho","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"alado","lemma":"alado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies hombre","gloss":"winged"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of ha dicho","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of dicho","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"dicho","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Ve","lemma":"ir","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"imperative verb, command to varón (opens the quoted speech)","gloss":"Go"},{"surface":"santo","lemma":"santo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies varón","gloss":"holy"},{"surface":"varón","lemma":"varón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"vocative, addressed in the command Ve","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of edificar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"edificar","lemma":"edificar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"purpose infinitive, depends on Ve","gloss":"edify"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"personal a, marks the direct object hombres","gloss":"direct object marker"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of hombres","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hombres","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of edificar","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of anunciar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"anunciar","lemma":"anunciar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"coordinated with edificar","gloss":"announce"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of nueva","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"buena","lemma":"bueno","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies nueva","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"nueva","lemma":"nueva","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular (substantivized adjective: 'news')","role":"direct object of anunciar","gloss":"news","note":"La buena nueva is the fixed biblical idiom for 'the good news' (the gospel); nueva here is a noun, not an adjective."}]},{"number":86,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p35-s2","source":"Y extermina a los anticristos y revélale tus secretos y los secretos de la nueva Jerusalén a Bromberg el judío» –y de pronto el Astrólogo, tomándolo de un brazo a su compañero, le dijo–: ¿No te acuerdas cuando tu espíritu conversaba con los ángeles y les servías el pan blanco a la orilla de los caminos, y les hacías sentar a la puerta de tu cabaña y les lavabas los pies?","translation":"And exterminate the antichrists, and reveal your secrets and the secrets of the new Jerusalem to Bromberg the Jew' — and suddenly the Astrologer, taking his companion by an arm, said to him: \"Don't you remember when your spirit conversed with the angels, and you served them white bread at the roadside, and you had them sit at the door of your hut and you washed their feet?\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p35-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"revélale","title":"Command + attached pronouns","body":"«Revélale tus secretos» = 'reveal your secrets to him'. An affirmative command takes its object pronouns attached to the end: «revela» + «le» → «revélale» (with an added accent to keep the stress). «Extermina» is likewise a «tú» command."},{"kind":"grammar","term":"¿No te acuerdas?","title":"«acordarse de»","body":"«¿No te acuerdas…?» = 'Don't you remember…?'. «Acordarse (de)» is the pronominal verb 'to remember'; the Astrologer now switches to the intimate «tú» («te») as he leans on his companion."}],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies extermina","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"extermina","lemma":"exterminar","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"exterminate"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"personal a, marks the direct object anticristos","gloss":"direct object marker"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of anticristos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"anticristos","lemma":"anticristo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of extermina","gloss":"antichrists"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"revélale","lemma":"revelar él","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular, with enclitic dative 'le'","role":"imperative verb, coordinated with extermina","gloss":"reveal to him"},{"surface":"tus","lemma":"tu","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of secretos","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"secretos","lemma":"secreto","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of revélale","gloss":"secrets"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of secretos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"secretos","lemma":"secreto","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with secretos (direct object of revélale)","gloss":"secrets"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Jerusalén","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of Jerusalén","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"nueva","lemma":"nuevo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies Jerusalén","gloss":"new"},{"surface":"Jerusalén","lemma":"Jerusalén","morphology":"proper noun","role":"object of de (modifies secretos)","gloss":"Jerusalem"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Bromberg","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Bromberg","lemma":"Bromberg","morphology":"proper noun","role":"indirect object of revélale (dative-doubled with le)","gloss":"Bromberg"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of judío","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"judío","lemma":"judío","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition to Bromberg","gloss":"Jew"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the idiom de pronto (suddenly), modifies dijo","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"pronto","lemma":"pronto","morphology":"adverb","role":"with de, forms the idiom de pronto (suddenly), modifies dijo","gloss":"suddenly","note":"De pronto is a fixed idiom meaning 'suddenly.'"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of dijo","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"tomándolo","lemma":"tomar él","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on dijo (gerund of manner)","gloss":"taking him"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking brazo","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of brazo","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"brazo","lemma":"brazo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of tomándolo","gloss":"arm"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"personal a, restates the direct object lo as su compañero","gloss":"direct object marker"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of compañero","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"compañero","lemma":"compañero","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of tomándolo","gloss":"companion"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of dijo","gloss":"to him"},{"surface":"dijo","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the narrative clause introducing the question","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"No","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies acuerdas","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of acuerdas","gloss":"reflexive marker"},{"surface":"acuerdas","lemma":"acordarse","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the quoted question","gloss":"remember"},{"surface":"cuando","lemma":"cuando","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of conversaba","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of espíritu","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"espíritu","lemma":"espíritu","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of conversaba","gloss":"spirit"},{"surface":"conversaba","lemma":"conversar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on acuerdas","gloss":"conversed"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ángeles","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of ángeles","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ángeles","lemma":"ángel","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of conversaba","gloss":"angels"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"les","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, plural","role":"indirect object of servías","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"servías","lemma":"servir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"coordinated with conversaba","gloss":"served"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of pan","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"pan","lemma":"pan","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of servías","gloss":"bread"},{"surface":"blanco","lemma":"blanco","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies pan","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking orilla","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of orilla","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"orilla","lemma":"orilla","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of servías","gloss":"edge"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking caminos","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of caminos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"caminos","lemma":"camino","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies orilla","gloss":"roads"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"les","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, plural","role":"indirect object of hacías","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"hacías","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"coordinated with conversaba","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"sentar","lemma":"sentar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of hacías","gloss":"sit"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking puerta","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of puerta","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"puerta","lemma":"puerta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of sentar","gloss":"door"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cabaña","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of cabaña","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"cabaña","lemma":"cabaña","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies puerta","gloss":"hut"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"les","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, plural","role":"indirect object of lavabas (possessive dative)","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"lavabas","lemma":"lavar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"coordinated with hacías","gloss":"washed"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of pies","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"pies","lemma":"pie","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of lavabas","gloss":"feet"}]},{"number":87,"label":"36","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p36-s1","source":"–No me acuerdo.","translation":"\"I don't remember.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p36-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"me acuerdo","title":"«acordarse» (pronominal)","body":"«No me acuerdo» = 'I don't remember'. «Acordarse» needs its reflexive pronoun («me, te, se…»); without it, «acordar» means 'to agree' or 'to decide'. Compare «acordamos» ('we agreed') vs «nos acordamos» ('we remembered')."}],"words":[{"surface":"No","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies acuerdo","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of acuerdo","gloss":"reflexive marker"},{"surface":"acuerdo","lemma":"acordarse","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"remember"}]},{"number":88,"label":"37","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p37-s1","source":"–Pues debías acordarte.","translation":"\"Well, you ought to remember.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p37-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"debías acordarte","title":"«deber» of obligation","body":"«Debías acordarte» = 'you should / ought to remember'. «Deber» + infinitive expresses obligation or expectation ('ought to'); the imperfect «debías» softens it into a standing, reproachful 'you really should'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Pues","lemma":"pues","morphology":"conjunction","role":"discourse marker, modifies debías (well)","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"debías","lemma":"deber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of acordarte","gloss":"ought to"},{"surface":"acordarte","lemma":"acordarse","morphology":"verb, infinitive, reflexive (with enclitic te)","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"remember"}]},{"number":89,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p37-s2","source":"¿Qué dirá el Señor cuando sepa eso?","translation":"What will the Lord say when He learns of this?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p37-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"cuando sepa","title":"Subjunctive after «cuando» (future)","body":"«Cuando sepa eso» = 'when He finds that out'. When «cuando» points to a future, not-yet-real event, the verb goes into the subjunctive: «sepa» (present subjunctive of «saber»). English keeps the present ('when He learns'); Spanish uses the subjunctive."}],"words":[{"surface":"Qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of dirá","gloss":"What"},{"surface":"dirá","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"will say"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Señor","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Señor","lemma":"señor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of dirá","gloss":"Lord"},{"surface":"cuando","lemma":"cuando","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sepa","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"sepa","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on dirá","gloss":"learns"},{"surface":"eso","lemma":"ese","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of sepa","gloss":"this"}]},{"number":90,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p37-s3","source":"¿Cómo responderé yo de tu alma ante el Ángel de la Nueva Iglesia?","translation":"How shall I answer for your soul before the Angel of the New Church?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p37-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"responder de","title":"«responder de» = 'to answer for'","body":"«Responder de tu alma» = 'to answer for / be accountable for your soul'. «Responder de» (with «de») means to take responsibility for something. Note «responder a» would instead mean 'to answer to/reply to'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Cómo","lemma":"cómo","morphology":"adverb, interrogative","role":"modifies responderé","gloss":"How"},{"surface":"responderé","lemma":"responder","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"shall answer"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of responderé","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking alma","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of alma","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"alma","lemma":"alma","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of de (oblique complement of responderé)","gloss":"soul"},{"surface":"ante","lemma":"ante","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Ángel","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Ángel","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Ángel","lemma":"Ángel","morphology":"proper noun","role":"object of ante (modifies responderé)","gloss":"Angel"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Nueva","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of Nueva","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Nueva","lemma":"nuevo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular (part of the title Nueva Iglesia)","role":"modifies Iglesia","gloss":"New"},{"surface":"Iglesia","lemma":"Iglesia","morphology":"proper noun","role":"object of de (modifies Ángel)","gloss":"Church"}]},{"number":91,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p37-s4","source":"Me dirá: ¿Qué es de ese hijo querido, mi piadoso Alfon?","translation":"He will say to me: 'What has become of that beloved son, my pious Alfon?'","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p37-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"¿Qué es de…?","title":"«¿Qué es de…?» idiom","body":"«¿Qué es de ese hijo querido?» = 'What has become of that dear son? / What's become of him?'. The fixed expression «¿Qué es de + person?» asks after someone's fate or whereabouts."}],"words":[{"surface":"Me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of dirá","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"dirá","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"will say"},{"surface":"Qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"predicate of es (idiom: qué es de = what became of)","gloss":"What"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to Qué","gloss":"has become"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hijo","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"ese","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hijo","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hijo","lemma":"hijo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of de (part of the idiom qué es de)","gloss":"son"},{"surface":"querido","lemma":"querido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies hijo","gloss":"beloved"},{"surface":"mi","lemma":"mi","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of Alfon","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"piadoso","lemma":"piadoso","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Alfon","gloss":"pious"},{"surface":"Alfon","lemma":"Alfon","morphology":"proper noun","role":"in apposition to hijo","gloss":"Alfon"}]},{"number":92,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p37-s5","source":"¿Y yo qué le diré?","translation":"And what shall I say to Him?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p37-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies diré","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of diré","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of diré","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of diré","gloss":"to him"},{"surface":"diré","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"shall say"}]},{"number":93,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p37-s6","source":"Que eres un cernícalo.","translation":"That you are a kestrel.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p37-s6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"cernícalo","title":"«cernícalo»","body":"A «cernícalo» is literally a kestrel (a small falcon), but figuratively it is an insult: a coarse, stupid brute, a blockhead. The Astrologer's mock-divine reproach lands as comic abuse."}],"words":[{"surface":"Que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of cernícalo","gloss":"That"},{"surface":"eres","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"copula linking to cernícalo","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cernícalo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"cernícalo","lemma":"cernícalo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of eres","gloss":"kestrel","note":"Cernícalo (kestrel) is used colloquially in Argentine Spanish as an insult meaning 'fool' or 'blockhead.'"}]},{"number":94,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p37-s7","source":"Que te has olvidado de los tiempos en que realizaste una existencia angélica y que te pasas todo el día en un rincón ventoseando como un mulo.","translation":"That you have forgotten the times when you led an angelic existence and that you spend the whole day in a corner breaking wind like a mule.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p37-s7.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ventoseando","title":"«ventosear»","body":"«Ventosear» = to break wind, pass gas (from «viento», 'wind'). The bathos — sliding from 'angelic existence' to a man farting in a corner 'like a mule' — is vintage Arlt, deflating the sacred with the crudely bodily."}],"words":[{"surface":"Que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of olvidado","gloss":"That"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"reflexive particle of olvidado","gloss":"reflexive marker"},{"surface":"has","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of olvidado","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"olvidado","lemma":"olvidar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"forgotten"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tiempos","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of tiempos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tiempos","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of olvidado","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking que","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"object of en (relative to tiempos)","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"realizaste","lemma":"realizar","morphology":"verb, past (preterite), indicative, second-person, singular","role":"clause modifying tiempos","gloss":"led"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of existencia","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"existencia","lemma":"existencia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of realizaste","gloss":"existence"},{"surface":"angélica","lemma":"angélico","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies existencia","gloss":"angelic"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of pasas","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of pasas","gloss":"reflexive marker"},{"surface":"pasas","lemma":"pasar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"coordinated with realizaste","gloss":"spend"},{"surface":"todo","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"quantifier modifying día (with el, 'all the day')","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of día","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"día","lemma":"día","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of pasas","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rincón","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of rincón","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"rincón","lemma":"rincón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of pasas","gloss":"corner"},{"surface":"ventoseando","lemma":"ventosear","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial gerund, modifies pasas (manner)","gloss":"breaking wind"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of mulo","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of mulo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"mulo","lemma":"mulo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of ventoseando","gloss":"mule"}]},{"number":95,"label":"38","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p38-s1","source":"Gravemente enfurruñado, objetó Bromberg:","translation":"Gravely sulking, Bromberg objected:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p38-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"enfurruñado","title":"«enfurruñado»","body":"«Enfurruñado» = sulky, in a huff, peevishly cross. «Gravemente enfurruñado» = 'gravely sulking' — the solemn-comic adverb makes Bromberg's wounded dignity funnier."}],"words":[{"surface":"Gravemente","lemma":"gravemente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies enfurruñado","gloss":"Gravely"},{"surface":"enfurruñado","lemma":"enfurruñado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Bromberg (participial phrase describing the subject)","gloss":"sulking"},{"surface":"objetó","lemma":"objetar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"objected"},{"surface":"Bromberg","lemma":"Bromberg","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of objetó","gloss":"Bromberg"}]},{"number":96,"label":"39","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p39-s1","source":"–Yo no ventoseo.","translation":"\"I do not break wind.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p39-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Yo no ventoseo","title":"Emphatic subject «yo»","body":"Spanish usually drops subject pronouns, since the verb ending shows the person. Stating «yo» here is emphatic — Bromberg insists 'I, for one, do not'. The bare «no ventoseo» would already mean 'I don't'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of ventoseo","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ventoseo","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ventoseo","lemma":"ventosear","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"break wind"}]},{"number":97,"label":"40","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p40-s1","source":"–Y bien ruidosamente ventoseas... pero no importa... el Ángel de las Iglesias sabe que tu espíritu arde en la devoción sincera, y que eres enemigo del Rey de Babilonia, del tenebroso Papa, y por eso estás elegido para ser el amigo del hombre, que con mandato del Señor establecerá la Nueva Iglesia sobre la tierra.","translation":"\"And quite noisily you break wind... but no matter... the Angel of the Churches knows that your spirit burns with sincere devotion, and that you are an enemy of the King of Babylon, of the dark Pope, and that is why you are chosen to be the friend of the man who, by the Lord's mandate, will establish the New Church upon the earth.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p40-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bien","lemma":"bien","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ruidosamente","gloss":"quite"},{"surface":"ruidosamente","lemma":"ruidosamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ventoseas","gloss":"noisily"},{"surface":"ventoseas","lemma":"ventosear","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"you break wind","note":"Tagger mis-parsed this as an adjective; it is the verb ventosear (to break wind), addressed as tú."},{"surface":"pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies importa","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"importa","lemma":"importar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with ventoseas","gloss":"matters"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Ángel","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Ángel","lemma":"Ángel","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of sabe","gloss":"Angel"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Iglesias","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of Iglesias","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Iglesias","lemma":"Iglesias","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies Ángel","gloss":"Churches"},{"surface":"sabe","lemma":"saber","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"knows"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of arde","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of espíritu","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"espíritu","lemma":"espíritu","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of arde","gloss":"spirit"},{"surface":"arde","lemma":"arder","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of sabe","gloss":"burns"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking devoción","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of devoción","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"devoción","lemma":"devoción","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of arde","gloss":"devotion"},{"surface":"sincera","lemma":"sincero","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies devoción","gloss":"sincere"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of eres","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"eres","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"copula linking to enemigo","gloss":"you are"},{"surface":"enemigo","lemma":"enemigo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of eres","gloss":"enemy"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Rey","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"Rey","lemma":"Rey","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies enemigo","gloss":"King"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Babilonia","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Babilonia","lemma":"Babilonia","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies Rey","gloss":"Babylon"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Papa","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"tenebroso","lemma":"tenebroso","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Papa","gloss":"dark"},{"surface":"Papa","lemma":"Papa","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies enemigo","gloss":"Pope"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking eso","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"eso","lemma":"ese","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"oblique complement of elegido","gloss":"that","note":"\"por eso\" is idiomatic for \"that is why.\""},{"surface":"estás","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of elegido","gloss":"you are"},{"surface":"elegido","lemma":"elegido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate participle of estás","gloss":"chosen"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of ser","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ser","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, infinitive","role":"copula linking to amigo","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of amigo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"amigo","lemma":"amigo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of ser","gloss":"friend"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hombre","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies amigo","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of establecerá","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mandato","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"mandato","lemma":"mandato","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of establecerá","gloss":"mandate"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Señor","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"Señor","lemma":"Señor","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies mandato","gloss":"Lord"},{"surface":"establecerá","lemma":"establecer","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying hombre","gloss":"will establish"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of Iglesia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Nueva","lemma":"Nueva","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies Iglesia","gloss":"New"},{"surface":"Iglesia","lemma":"Iglesia","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of establecerá","gloss":"Church"},{"surface":"sobre","lemma":"sobre","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tierra","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of tierra","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tierra","lemma":"tierra","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of establecerá","gloss":"earth"}]},{"number":98,"label":"41","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p41-s1","source":"Sonaba quedamente la lluvia en las hojas de las higueras y toda la oscuridad acre y blanda estremecía en la noche su húmedo hedor vegetal.","translation":"The rain sounded softly on the leaves of the fig trees, and the whole acrid, soft darkness shuddered into the night its damp vegetal stench.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p41-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"quedamente","title":"«quedamente»","body":"«Quedamente» = quietly, softly, gently — from the adjective «quedo» ('still, soft, low'). «Sonaba quedamente la lluvia» = 'the rain sounded softly'. A literary adverb for hushed, faint sound."}],"words":[{"surface":"Sonaba","lemma":"sonar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sounded"},{"surface":"quedamente","lemma":"quedamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Sonaba","gloss":"softly"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of lluvia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"lluvia","lemma":"lluvia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of Sonaba","gloss":"rain"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hojas","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of hojas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hojas","lemma":"hoja","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of Sonaba","gloss":"leaves"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking higueras","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of higueras","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"higueras","lemma":"higuera","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies hojas","gloss":"fig trees"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"toda","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"modifies oscuridad","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of oscuridad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"oscuridad","lemma":"oscuridad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of estremecía","gloss":"darkness"},{"surface":"acre","lemma":"acre","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies oscuridad","gloss":"acrid"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"blanda","lemma":"blando","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with acre","gloss":"soft"},{"surface":"estremecía","lemma":"estremecer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with Sonaba","gloss":"shuddered"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking noche","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of noche","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"noche","lemma":"noche","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of estremecía","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of hedor","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"húmedo","lemma":"húmedo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies hedor","gloss":"damp"},{"surface":"hedor","lemma":"hedor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of estremecía","gloss":"stench"},{"surface":"vegetal","lemma":"vegetal","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies hedor","gloss":"vegetal"}]},{"number":99,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p41-s2","source":"Bromberg predijo gravemente:","translation":"Bromberg gravely foretold:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p41-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"predijo","title":"«predecir» irregular preterite","body":"«Predijo» is the preterite of «predecir» ('to foretell'), built like «decir → dijo». The whole «-decir» family takes the irregular «-dij-» stem in the preterite: «dijo, predijo, contradijo»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Bromberg","lemma":"Bromberg","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of predijo","gloss":"Bromberg"},{"surface":"predijo","lemma":"predecir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"foretold"},{"surface":"gravemente","lemma":"gravemente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies predijo","gloss":"gravely"}]},{"number":100,"label":"42","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p42-s1","source":"–Y el Papa, el mismo Papa espantado saldrá a la calle descalzo, y todos se apartarán de él con terror y premura y en los caminos los cercos se llenarán de flores cuando pase el santo Cordero.","translation":"\"And the Pope, the Pope himself, terrified, will come out into the street barefoot, and everyone will draw away from him in terror and haste, and along the roads the hedges will fill with flowers when the holy Lamb passes.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p42-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"cuando pase","title":"Future «cuando» + subjunctive","body":"«Cuando pase el santo Cordero» = 'when the holy Lamb passes'. Again «cuando» about a future event takes the present subjunctive «pase». The surrounding main verbs are all future («saldrá», «se apartarán», «se llenarán»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Papa","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Papa","lemma":"Papa","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of saldrá","gloss":"Pope"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Papa","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mismo","lemma":"mismo","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Papa","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"Papa","lemma":"Papa","morphology":"proper noun","role":"in apposition to Papa","gloss":"Pope"},{"surface":"espantado","lemma":"espantado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Papa","gloss":"terrified"},{"surface":"saldrá","lemma":"salir","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"will go out"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking calle","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of calle","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"calle","lemma":"calle","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of saldrá","gloss":"street"},{"surface":"descalzo","lemma":"descalzo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Papa","gloss":"barefoot"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"todos","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of apartarán","gloss":"everyone"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of apartarán","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"apartarán","lemma":"apartar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with saldrá","gloss":"will draw away"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking él","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of apartarán","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking terror","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"terror","lemma":"terror","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of apartarán","gloss":"terror"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"premura","lemma":"premura","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with terror","gloss":"haste"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking caminos","gloss":"along"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of caminos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"caminos","lemma":"camino","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of llenarán","gloss":"roads"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of cercos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cercos","lemma":"cerco","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of llenarán","gloss":"hedges"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of llenarán","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"llenarán","lemma":"llenar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with apartarán","gloss":"will fill"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking flores","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"flores","lemma":"flor","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of llenarán","gloss":"flowers"},{"surface":"cuando","lemma":"cuando","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of pase","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"pase","lemma":"pasar","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on llenarán","gloss":"passes"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of santo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"santo","lemma":"santo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Cordero","gloss":"holy"},{"surface":"Cordero","lemma":"Cordero","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of pase","gloss":"Lamb"}]},{"number":101,"label":"43","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p43-s1","source":"–Así nomás es –continuó el Astrólogo–.","translation":"\"That's just how it is,\" the Astrologer went on.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p43-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Así nomás","title":"«así nomás» (River Plate)","body":"«Nomás» (= «no más») is a very common Río de la Plata particle. «Así nomás es» = 'that's just how it is, exactly so'. «Nomás» can soften or intensify — 'just', 'right', 'go ahead' — and is a marker of regional speech."}],"words":[{"surface":"Así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb","role":"predicate complement of es","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"nomás","lemma":"nomás","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Así","gloss":"just","note":"\"nomás\" is a colloquial Rioplatense intensifier, here in the fixed phrase \"así nomás\" (just so)."},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to Así","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"continuó","lemma":"continuar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went on"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of continuó","gloss":"Astrologer"}]},{"number":102,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p43-s2","source":"Y en el cielo entreabierto será dado ver a todos los pecadores arrepentidos, las doradas puertas de la nueva Jerusalén.","translation":"And in the half-opened heaven it will be granted to all repentant sinners to see the golden gates of the new Jerusalem.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p43-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"será dado ver","title":"«ser dado» + infinitive","body":"«Será dado ver» = 'it will be granted/given to see'. The formal, biblical-sounding passive «ser dado + infinitive» means 'it will be granted (to someone) to do'. «A todos los pecadores arrepentidos» marks who it is granted to."}],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cielo","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cielo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cielo","lemma":"cielo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of dado","gloss":"heaven"},{"surface":"entreabierto","lemma":"entreabierto","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies cielo","gloss":"half-opened"},{"surface":"será","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of dado","gloss":"will be"},{"surface":"dado","lemma":"dar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"granted"},{"surface":"ver","lemma":"ver","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of dado","gloss":"to see"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pecadores","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"todos","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"modifies pecadores","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of pecadores","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"pecadores","lemma":"pecador","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"indirect object of dado","gloss":"sinners"},{"surface":"arrepentidos","lemma":"arrepentido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies pecadores","gloss":"repentant"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of puertas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"doradas","lemma":"dorado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies puertas","gloss":"golden"},{"surface":"puertas","lemma":"puerta","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of ver","gloss":"gates"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Jerusalén","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of Jerusalén","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"nueva","lemma":"nuevo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies Jerusalén","gloss":"new"},{"surface":"Jerusalén","lemma":"Jerusalén","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies puertas","gloss":"Jerusalem"}]},{"number":103,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p43-s3","source":"Porque tan inmensa es la caridad de Dios, querido Alfon, que ningún hombre podría entrar directamente en contacto con ella sin caer por tierra con los huesos esponjosos.","translation":"Because so immense is the charity of God, dear Alfon, that no man could come directly into contact with it without falling to the ground with his bones turned spongy.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p43-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"tan inmensa es … que","title":"Fronted «tan… que»","body":"«Tan inmensa es la caridad de Dios… que…» = 'so immense is God's charity that…'. The adjective is fronted before the verb for emphasis, then «que» introduces the consequence — a heightened, rhetorical word order."}],"words":[{"surface":"Porque","lemma":"porque","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of es","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"tan","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies inmensa","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"inmensa","lemma":"inmenso","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"predicate complement of es","gloss":"immense"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to caridad","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of caridad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"caridad","lemma":"caridad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"charity"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dios","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Dios","lemma":"Dios","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies caridad","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"querido","lemma":"querido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Alfon","gloss":"dear"},{"surface":"Alfon","lemma":"Alfon","morphology":"proper noun","role":"vocative address","gloss":"Alfon"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of entrar","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ningún","lemma":"ninguno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hombre","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of entrar","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"podría","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, conditional, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of entrar","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"entrar","lemma":"entrar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the que-clause","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"directamente","lemma":"directamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies entrar","gloss":"directly"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking contacto","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"contacto","lemma":"contacto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of entrar","gloss":"contact"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ella","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"ella","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, feminine, singular","role":"object of con, refers to caridad","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of caer","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"caer","lemma":"caer","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on entrar","gloss":"falling"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tierra","gloss":"to","note":"\"caer por tierra\" is idiomatic for \"to fall to the ground.\""},{"surface":"tierra","lemma":"tierra","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of caer","gloss":"ground"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking huesos","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of huesos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"huesos","lemma":"hueso","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of caer","gloss":"bones"},{"surface":"esponjosos","lemma":"esponjoso","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies huesos","gloss":"spongy"}]},{"number":104,"label":"44","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p44-s1","source":"–Por eso yo daré a los hombres mi interpretación del Apocalipsis y luego me iré a la montaña a hacer penitencia y a rogar por ellos.","translation":"\"That is why I will give men my interpretation of the Apocalypse, and then I will go off to the mountain to do penance and to pray for them.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p44-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"me iré","title":"«irse» = 'to go off / away'","body":"«Me iré a la montaña» = 'I'll go away to the mountain'. The pronominal «irse» stresses departure from where one is ('to leave, go off'), as opposed to plain «ir» ('to go [to]'). The future «-é» marks his resolve."}],"words":[{"surface":"Por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking eso","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"eso","lemma":"ese","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"oblique complement of daré","gloss":"that","note":"\"por eso\" is idiomatic for \"that is why.\""},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of daré","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"daré","lemma":"dar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"will give"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hombres","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of hombres","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hombres","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"indirect object of daré","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"mi","lemma":"mi","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of interpretación","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"interpretación","lemma":"interpretación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of daré","gloss":"interpretation"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Apocalipsis","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"Apocalipsis","lemma":"Apocalipsis","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies interpretación","gloss":"Apocalypse"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"luego","lemma":"luego","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies iré","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of iré","gloss":"myself"},{"surface":"iré","lemma":"ir","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with daré","gloss":"I will go"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking montaña","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of montaña","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"montaña","lemma":"montaña","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of iré","gloss":"mountain"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of hacer","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"hacer","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on iré","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"penitencia","lemma":"penitencia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of hacer","gloss":"penance"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of rogar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"rogar","lemma":"rogar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"coordinated with hacer","gloss":"pray"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ellos","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"ellos","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, plural","role":"object of por","gloss":"them"}]},{"number":105,"label":"45","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p45-s1","source":"–Así es Alfon, pero ahora vete a dormir porque tengo que meditar y es la hora en que el hombre alado viene a hablarme a la oreja.","translation":"\"So it is, Alfon, but now go off to sleep, for I must meditate, and it is the hour when the winged man comes to speak to me in my ear.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p45-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"vete a dormir","title":"Command of «irse»: «vete»","body":"«Vete a dormir» = 'go (off) to sleep'. «Vete» is the affirmative «tú» command of «irse» — the imperative «ve» of «ir» plus the reflexive «te». A very common everyday way to tell someone 'off you go'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb","role":"predicate complement of es","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to Así","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"Alfon","lemma":"Alfon","morphology":"proper noun","role":"vocative address","gloss":"Alfon"},{"surface":"pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ahora","lemma":"ahora","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vete","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"vete","lemma":"irse","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"go","note":"\"vete\" is the tú-imperative of irse (go away/off), not an auxiliary; tagger mis-parsed it."},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of dormir","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"dormir","lemma":"dormir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of vete","gloss":"sleep"},{"surface":"porque","lemma":"porque","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tengo","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"tengo","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the porque-clause","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of meditar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"meditar","lemma":"meditar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of tengo","gloss":"meditate"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to hora","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of hora","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hora","lemma":"hora","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"predicate complement of es","gloss":"hour"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking que","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"object of en, refers to hora","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hombre","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of viene","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"alado","lemma":"alado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies hombre","gloss":"winged"},{"surface":"viene","lemma":"venir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying hora","gloss":"comes"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of hablarme","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"hablarme","lemma":"hablar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of viene","gloss":"speak to me"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking oreja","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of oreja","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"oreja","lemma":"oreja","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of hablarme","gloss":"ear"}]},{"number":106,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p45-s2","source":"Tú también tienes que dormir porque mañana, si no, no tendrás fuerza para estrangular al réprobo...","translation":"You too must sleep, because tomorrow, otherwise, you will not have the strength to strangle the reprobate...\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p45-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"réprobo","title":"«réprobo»","body":"A «réprobo» is a reprobate — in theology, one condemned or damned, rejected by God. The Astrologer keeps the religious register even while plotting a strangling: the victim is recast as a soul justly destined for ruin."}],"words":[{"surface":"Tú","lemma":"tú","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of tienes","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"también","lemma":"también","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tienes","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"tienes","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of dormir","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"dormir","lemma":"dormir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of tienes","gloss":"sleep"},{"surface":"porque","lemma":"porque","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tendrás","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"mañana","lemma":"mañana","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tendrás","gloss":"tomorrow"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of no","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"forms idiom with si (otherwise)","gloss":"not","note":"\"si no\" here is idiomatic for \"otherwise.\""},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tendrás","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"tendrás","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on dormir","gloss":"will have"},{"surface":"fuerza","lemma":"fuerza","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of tendrás","gloss":"strength"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of estrangular","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"estrangular","lemma":"estrangular","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on tendrás","gloss":"strangle"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking réprobo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"réprobo","lemma":"réprobo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of estrangular","gloss":"reprobate"}]},{"number":107,"label":"46","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p46-s1","source":"–Y al Rey de Babilonia.","translation":"\"And the King of Babylon.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p46-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"al Rey","title":"Personal «a»: «al Rey»","body":"«Al Rey de Babilonia» continues the sentence's verb «estrangular», and the personal «a» («a + el» → «al») marks the human direct object. Spanish places «a» before a specific person who is the object of a verb."}],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Rey","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Rey","lemma":"Rey","morphology":"proper noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"King"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Babilonia","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Babilonia","lemma":"Babilonia","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies Rey","gloss":"Babylon"}]},{"number":108,"label":"47","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p47-s1","source":"–Así es.","translation":"\"So it is.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p47-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb","role":"predicate complement of es","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to Así","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":109,"label":"48","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p48-s1","source":"Lento separóse de la gradinata el Hombre que vio a la Partera.","translation":"Slowly the Man Who Saw the Midwife drew away from the flight of steps.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p48-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"separóse","title":"Enclitic «se»: «separóse»","body":"«Separóse» = «se separó» ('he drew apart / away'). The reflexive pronoun is again attached to the end of the verb. «Separarse de» is 'to move away from, part from' — here from the «gradinata» (the stone steps)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Lento","lemma":"lento","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies separóse","gloss":"slowly","note":"Tagger mis-parsed this as a proper noun; it is the adverb lento (slowly)."},{"surface":"separóse","lemma":"separarse","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular, reflexive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"drew away","note":"Archaic literary word order: separóse = se separó, with the reflexive pronoun attached after the verb."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gradinata","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of gradinata","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"gradinata","lemma":"gradinata","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of separóse","gloss":"flight of steps","note":"Italian loanword (common in porteño usage) for a tiered flight of steps."},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Hombre","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Hombre","lemma":"Hombre","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of separóse","gloss":"Man","note":"\"el Hombre que vio a la Partera\" is a recurring character's nickname in the novel."},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of vio","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"vio","lemma":"ver","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying Hombre","gloss":"saw"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Partera","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of Partera","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Partera","lemma":"Partera","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of vio","gloss":"Midwife"}]},{"number":110,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p48-s2","source":"El Astrólogo entró a la casa y subiendo por una escalera que estaba a un costado del vestíbulo, se internó en una habitación extremadamente alargada, cruzada en los altos por las vigas que soportaban las alfajías del techo, que allí extendía su oblicua ala.","translation":"The Astrologer went into the house and, climbing a staircase set to one side of the vestibule, made his way into an extremely elongated room, crossed up high by the beams that held the laths of the roof, which there spread out its slanting wing.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p48-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se internó","title":"«internarse en»","body":"«Se internó en una habitación» = 'he made his way deep into a room'. The pronominal «internarse (en)» means to go far inside, penetrate into a space — more than just «entró»; it suggests moving into the interior."}],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of entró","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"entró","lemma":"entrar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking casa","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of casa","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"casa","lemma":"casa","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of entró","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"subiendo","lemma":"subir","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"gerund clause modifying internó","gloss":"climbing"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking escalera","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of escalera","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"escalera","lemma":"escalera","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of subiendo","gloss":"staircase"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of estaba","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"estaba","lemma":"estar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to costado","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking costado","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of costado","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"costado","lemma":"costado","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of the preposition a","gloss":"side"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vestíbulo","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"vestíbulo","lemma":"vestíbulo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies costado","gloss":"vestibule"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of internó","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"internó","lemma":"internar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with entró","gloss":"made his way"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking habitación","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of habitación","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"habitación","lemma":"habitación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of internó","gloss":"room"},{"surface":"extremadamente","lemma":"extremadamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies alargada","gloss":"extremely"},{"surface":"alargada","lemma":"alargado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies habitación","gloss":"elongated"},{"surface":"cruzada","lemma":"cruzado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies habitación","gloss":"crossed"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking altos","gloss":"up in"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of altos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"altos","lemma":"alto","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of cruzada","gloss":"heights"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vigas","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of vigas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"vigas","lemma":"viga","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of cruzada","gloss":"beams"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of soportaban","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"soportaban","lemma":"soportar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"clause modifying vigas","gloss":"held up"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of alfajías","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"alfajías","lemma":"alfajía","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of soportaban","gloss":"laths"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking techo","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"techo","lemma":"techo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies alfajías","gloss":"roof"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of extendía","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"allí","lemma":"allí","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies extendía","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"extendía","lemma":"extender","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying techo","gloss":"spread"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of ala","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"oblicua","lemma":"oblicuo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies ala","gloss":"slanting"},{"surface":"ala","lemma":"ala","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of extendía","gloss":"wing"}]},{"number":111,"label":"49","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p49-s1","source":"En los muros desconchados no había ningún grabado.","translation":"On the chipped walls there was not a single engraving.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p49-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"no había ningún","title":"Double negative","body":"«No había ningún grabado» = 'there was not any engraving / there was no engraving at all'. Spanish uses a double negative: «no» before the verb and «ningún» with the noun, which together reinforce — not cancel — the negation."}],"words":[{"surface":"En","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking muros","gloss":"On"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of muros","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"muros","lemma":"muro","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of había","gloss":"walls"},{"surface":"desconchados","lemma":"desconchado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies muros","gloss":"chipped"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies había","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"había","lemma":"haber","morphology":"verb, impersonal, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"ningún","lemma":"ninguno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of grabado","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"grabado","lemma":"grabado","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of había","gloss":"engraving"}]},{"number":112,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p49-s2","source":"En un rincón estaban los baúles de Gregorio Barsut y bajo un ojo de buey una cama de madera pintada de rojo.","translation":"In one corner stood Gregorio Barsut's trunks, and under a porthole a wooden bed painted red.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p49-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ojo de buey","title":"«ojo de buey»","body":"«Ojo de buey» (literally 'ox eye') is a round window — a porthole or bull's-eye window. The small round opening above the red bed gives the cramped attic room a ship-cabin feeling."}],"words":[{"surface":"En","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rincón","gloss":"In"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of rincón","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"rincón","lemma":"rincón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of estaban","gloss":"corner"},{"surface":"estaban","lemma":"estar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of baúles","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"baúles","lemma":"baúl","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of estaban","gloss":"trunks"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Gregorio","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Gregorio","lemma":"Gregorio","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies baúles","gloss":"Gregorio"},{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name Gregorio","gloss":"Barsut"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bajo","lemma":"bajo","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ojo","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ojo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ojo","lemma":"ojo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of estaban","gloss":"eye","note":"\"Ojo de buey\" (literally \"ox eye\") is the set idiom for a round porthole window — hence the translation \"porthole.\""},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking buey","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"buey","lemma":"buey","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies ojo","gloss":"ox"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cama","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"cama","lemma":"cama","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with baúles","gloss":"bed"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking madera","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"madera","lemma":"madera","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies cama","gloss":"wood"},{"surface":"pintada","lemma":"pintado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies cama","gloss":"painted"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rojo","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"rojo","lemma":"rojo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of the preposition de","gloss":"red"}]},{"number":113,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p49-s3","source":"Una manta negra formaba baturrillo con las sábanas blancas.","translation":"A black blanket made a jumble with the white sheets.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p49-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"baturrillo","title":"«baturrillo»","body":"«Baturrillo» = a hotchpotch, a confused jumble or mishmash. «Formaba baturrillo con las sábanas» = 'made a tangle with the sheets'. A vivid, slightly old-fashioned word for the rumpled black-and-white bedding."}],"words":[{"surface":"Una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of manta","gloss":"A"},{"surface":"manta","lemma":"manta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of formaba","gloss":"blanket"},{"surface":"negra","lemma":"negro","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies manta","gloss":"black"},{"surface":"formaba","lemma":"formar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"baturrillo","lemma":"baturrillo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of formaba","gloss":"jumble"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sábanas","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of sábanas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sábanas","lemma":"sábana","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies baturrillo","gloss":"sheets"},{"surface":"blancas","lemma":"blanco","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies sábanas","gloss":"white"}]},{"number":114,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p49-s4","source":"Sentóse pensativamente el Astrólogo a la orilla del lecho.","translation":"The Astrologer sat down pensively at the edge of the bed.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p49-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"lecho","title":"«lecho»","body":"«Lecho» is a literary, elevated word for 'bed' (cf. «cama», the everyday term). «A la orilla del lecho» = 'at the edge of the bed'. Arlt reaches for the higher register at this quiet, meditative beat."}],"words":[{"surface":"Sentóse","lemma":"sentarse","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular, reflexive (enclitic se)","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sat down","note":"Archaic literary word order attaches the reflexive pronoun to the end of the verb: sentóse = se sentó (\"he sat down\")."},{"surface":"pensativamente","lemma":"pensativamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Sentóse","gloss":"pensively"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of Sentóse","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking orilla","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of orilla","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"orilla","lemma":"orilla","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of Sentóse","gloss":"edge"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lecho","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"lecho","lemma":"lecho","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies orilla","gloss":"bed"}]},{"number":115,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p49-s5","source":"Su gabán se entreabrió dejando ver desnudo el pecho velludo.","translation":"His overcoat fell half-open, revealing his bare, hairy chest.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p49-s5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se entreabrió","title":"Pronominal «entreabrirse»","body":"«Se entreabrió» = 'it came half-open / opened partway'. The «se» makes the action happen of itself, with no one opening it. «Entre-» means 'half / partly', so «entreabrir» is 'to open halfway'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of gabán","gloss":"His"},{"surface":"gabán","lemma":"gabán","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of entreabrió","gloss":"overcoat"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of entreabrió","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"entreabrió","lemma":"entreabrir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"fell half-open"},{"surface":"dejando","lemma":"dejar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on entreabrió","gloss":"letting"},{"surface":"ver","lemma":"ver","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of dejando","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"desnudo","lemma":"desnudo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies pecho","gloss":"bare"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of pecho","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"pecho","lemma":"pecho","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of ver","gloss":"chest"},{"surface":"velludo","lemma":"velludo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies pecho","gloss":"hairy"}]},{"number":116,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p49-s6","source":"En horqueta abrió la yema de los dedos sobre sus mostachos de foca, y frunciendo el ceño quedóse contemplando un baúl en el rincón.","translation":"Splaying them like a fork, he opened his fingertips over his seal-like mustache, and, knitting his brow, he sat gazing at a trunk in the corner.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p49-s6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"quedóse contemplando","title":"«quedarse» + gerund","body":"«Quedóse contemplando» = «se quedó contemplando» ('he remained gazing / he sat there gazing'). «Quedarse» + gerund expresses staying in an action or state — here, lingering in contemplation. The enclitic «se» is Arlt's literary style."}],"words":[{"surface":"En","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking horqueta","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"horqueta","lemma":"horqueta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of abrió","gloss":"fork","note":"\"En horqueta\" is an idiom for fingers spread apart like the prongs of a fork."},{"surface":"abrió","lemma":"abrir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"opened"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of yema","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"yema","lemma":"yema","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of abrió","gloss":"tip"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dedos","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of dedos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"dedos","lemma":"dedo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies yema","gloss":"fingers"},{"surface":"sobre","lemma":"sobre","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mostachos","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of mostachos","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"mostachos","lemma":"mostacho","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of abrió","gloss":"mustache"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking foca","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"foca","lemma":"foca","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies mostachos","gloss":"seal"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"frunciendo","lemma":"fruncir","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"depends on quedóse","gloss":"knitting"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ceño","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"ceño","lemma":"ceño","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of frunciendo","gloss":"brow"},{"surface":"quedóse","lemma":"quedarse","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular, reflexive (enclitic se)","role":"coordinated with abrió","gloss":"stayed","note":"Archaic literary word order attaches the reflexive pronoun to the end of the verb: quedóse = se quedó (\"he remained\")."},{"surface":"contemplando","lemma":"contemplar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on quedóse","gloss":"gazing"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of baúl","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"baúl","lemma":"baúl","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of contemplando","gloss":"trunk"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rincón","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of rincón","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"rincón","lemma":"rincón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of contemplando","gloss":"corner"}]},{"number":117,"label":"50","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p50-s1","source":"Quería hacer salta su pensamiento a una novedad exterior, que rompiendo el monorritmo de sus sensaciones le devolviera la presencia de ánimo que, anteriormente a la determinación de asesinar a Barsut, estaba en él.","translation":"He wanted to make his thought leap to some outward novelty, one that — by breaking the single rhythm of his sensations — might give him back the presence of mind that, before the decision to murder Barsut, had been in him.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p50-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"que … le devolviera","title":"Subjunctive in a wished-for relative clause","body":"«Una novedad… que le devolviera la presencia de ánimo» uses the imperfect subjunctive «devolviera». The relative clause describes a desired, not-yet-existing thing ('some novelty that would give back…'), so it takes the subjunctive."}],"words":[{"surface":"Quería","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"wanted"},{"surface":"hacer","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of Quería","gloss":"make"},{"surface":"salta","lemma":"saltar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of hacer","gloss":"leap","note":"Surface reads \"salta\" (missing final -r); the intended construction is the causative \"hacer saltar\" (\"to make [something] leap\")."},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of pensamiento","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"pensamiento","lemma":"pensamiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of salta","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking novedad","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of novedad","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"novedad","lemma":"novedad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of salta","gloss":"novelty"},{"surface":"exterior","lemma":"exterior","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies novedad","gloss":"outward"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of devolviera","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"rompiendo","lemma":"romper","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on devolviera","gloss":"breaking"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of monorritmo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"monorritmo","lemma":"monorritmo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of rompiendo","gloss":"single rhythm"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sensaciones","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of sensaciones","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"sensaciones","lemma":"sensación","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies monorritmo","gloss":"sensations"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of devolviera","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"devolviera","lemma":"devolver","morphology":"verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying novedad","gloss":"give back"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of presencia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"presencia","lemma":"presencia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of devolviera","gloss":"presence"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ánimo","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"ánimo","lemma":"ánimo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies presencia","gloss":"mind"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of estaba","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"anteriormente","lemma":"anteriormente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies estaba","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking determinación","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of determinación","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"determinación","lemma":"determinación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of anteriormente","gloss":"decision"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of asesinar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"asesinar","lemma":"asesinar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clause modifying determinación","gloss":"murder"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"personal a marking Barsut","gloss":"(marks object)","note":"The \"personal a\" marks Barsut as a direct object because he is a person; it has no independent English translation."},{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of asesinar","gloss":"Barsut"},{"surface":"estaba","lemma":"estar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying presencia","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking él","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative/nominative, masculine, singular","role":"object of the preposition en","gloss":"him"}]},{"number":118,"label":"51","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p51-s1","source":"–Son veinte mil pesos –pensó–, veinte mil pesos que servirán para instalar los prostíbulos y la colonia... la colonia...","translation":"\"It's twenty thousand pesos,\" he thought, \"twenty thousand pesos that will serve to set up the brothels and the colony... the colony...\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p51-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Son","lemma":"ser","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the quoted clause","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"veinte","lemma":"veinte","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies pesos","gloss":"twenty"},{"surface":"mil","lemma":"mil","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with veinte","gloss":"thousand"},{"surface":"pesos","lemma":"peso","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"complement of Son","gloss":"pesos"},{"surface":"pensó","lemma":"pensar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"veinte","lemma":"veinte","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies pesos","gloss":"twenty"},{"surface":"mil","lemma":"mil","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with veinte","gloss":"thousand"},{"surface":"pesos","lemma":"peso","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"in apposition to pesos","gloss":"pesos"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of servirán","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"servirán","lemma":"servir","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"clause modifying pesos","gloss":"will serve"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of instalar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"instalar","lemma":"instalar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on servirán","gloss":"set up"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of prostíbulos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"prostíbulos","lemma":"prostíbulo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of instalar","gloss":"brothels"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of colonia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"colonia","lemma":"colonia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with prostíbulos","gloss":"colony"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of colonia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"colonia","lemma":"colonia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"in apposition to colonia","gloss":"colony"}]},{"number":119,"label":"52","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p52-s1","source":"Sin embargo no veía claro.","translation":"And yet he could not see clearly.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p52-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies veía","gloss":"without","note":"\"Sin embargo\" is a fixed phrase meaning \"however/nevertheless\" — not literally \"without hindrance.\""},{"surface":"embargo","lemma":"embargo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"part of the phrase Sin","gloss":"hindrance"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies veía","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"veía","lemma":"ver","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"claro","lemma":"claro","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies veía","gloss":"clearly"}]},{"number":120,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p52-s2","source":"Las ideas se le escapaban como sombras, sus pensamientos desleídos por el sobresalto permanente hacían estéril toda concentración.","translation":"His ideas slipped away from him like shadows; his thoughts, diluted by the constant start of alarm, made all concentration barren.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p52-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se le escapaban","title":"«se le escapaban» — the 'unplanned' se","body":"«Las ideas se le escapaban» = 'his ideas kept slipping away from him'. The «se» plus indirect-object «le» frames it as something happening to him beyond his control — the ideas escape 'on him'. A very Spanish way to dodge blame and stress helplessness."}],"words":[{"surface":"Las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of ideas","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"ideas","lemma":"idea","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of escapaban","gloss":"ideas"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of escapaban","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of escapaban","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"escapaban","lemma":"escapar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"slipped away"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sombras","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"sombras","lemma":"sombra","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of escapaban","gloss":"shadows"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of pensamientos","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"pensamientos","lemma":"pensamiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of hacían","gloss":"thoughts"},{"surface":"desleídos","lemma":"desleído","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies pensamientos","gloss":"diluted"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sobresalto","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of sobresalto","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sobresalto","lemma":"sobresalto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of the preposition por","gloss":"start"},{"surface":"permanente","lemma":"permanente","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies sobresalto","gloss":"constant"},{"surface":"hacían","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with escapaban","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"estéril","lemma":"estéril","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies concentración","gloss":"barren"},{"surface":"toda","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of concentración","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"concentración","lemma":"concentración","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of hacían","gloss":"concentration"}]},{"number":121,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p52-s3","source":"De pronto dióse una palmada en la frente y jubiloso pasó al desván inmediato arrastrando un cajón, de cuya tapa mal retenida por los flejes se desprendía espeso polvo.","translation":"Suddenly he slapped his forehead and, jubilant, passed into the adjoining loft, dragging a crate from whose lid — poorly held by its metal bands — thick dust came loose.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p52-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"dióse una palmada","title":"Enclitic «se»: «dióse»","body":"«Dióse una palmada en la frente» = «se dio una palmada» ('he slapped his own forehead'). The «se» is the indirect reflexive — he gives himself the slap. Once more the pronoun rides on the end of the verb."}],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies dióse","gloss":"Suddenly"},{"surface":"pronto","lemma":"pronto","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the fixed phrase De","gloss":"suddenly"},{"surface":"dióse","lemma":"darse","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular, reflexive (enclitic se)","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"slapped","note":"Archaic literary word order attaches the reflexive pronoun to the end of the verb: dióse = se dio (\"he gave himself\")."},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of palmada","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"palmada","lemma":"palmada","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of dióse","gloss":"slap"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking frente","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of frente","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"frente","lemma":"frente","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies palmada","gloss":"forehead"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"jubiloso","lemma":"jubiloso","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies pasó","gloss":"jubilant"},{"surface":"pasó","lemma":"pasar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"passed"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking desván","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"desván","lemma":"desván","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of pasó","gloss":"loft"},{"surface":"inmediato","lemma":"inmediato","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies desván","gloss":"adjoining"},{"surface":"arrastrando","lemma":"arrastrar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on pasó","gloss":"dragging"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cajón","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"cajón","lemma":"cajón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of arrastrando","gloss":"crate"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tapa","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"cuya","lemma":"cuyo","morphology":"pronoun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies tapa","gloss":"whose"},{"surface":"tapa","lemma":"tapa","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of desprendía","gloss":"lid"},{"surface":"mal","lemma":"mal","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies retenida","gloss":"poorly"},{"surface":"retenida","lemma":"retenido","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies tapa","gloss":"held"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking flejes","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of flejes","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"flejes","lemma":"fleje","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"object of the preposition por","gloss":"bands"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of desprendía","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"desprendía","lemma":"desprender","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying cajón","gloss":"came loose"},{"surface":"espeso","lemma":"espeso","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies polvo","gloss":"thick"},{"surface":"polvo","lemma":"polvo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of desprendía","gloss":"dust"}]},{"number":122,"label":"53","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p53-s1","source":"Sin cuidarse por las bocamangas del gabán que se le llenaban de tierra blanca, destapó el cajón.","translation":"Without worrying about the cuffs of his overcoat, which were filling with white dust, he uncovered the crate.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p53-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Sin cuidarse","title":"«sin» + infinitive","body":"«Sin cuidarse por…» = 'without bothering about…'. «Sin» + infinitive expresses a negative accompanying circumstance ('without doing X'). «Cuidarse (por/de)» here means to take care or trouble over something."}],"words":[{"surface":"Sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of cuidarse","gloss":"Without"},{"surface":"cuidarse","lemma":"cuidarse","morphology":"verb, infinitive, reflexive","role":"adverbial clause on destapó","gloss":"worrying"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bocamangas","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of bocamangas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"bocamangas","lemma":"bocamanga","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"object of the preposition por","gloss":"cuffs"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gabán","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"gabán","lemma":"gabán","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies bocamangas","gloss":"overcoat"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of llenaban","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of llenaban","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of llenaban","gloss":"him","note":"Dative of interest: the cuffs were filling up \"on him.\""},{"surface":"llenaban","lemma":"llenar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"clause modifying bocamangas","gloss":"were filling"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tierra","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"tierra","lemma":"tierra","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of llenaban","gloss":"dust"},{"surface":"blanca","lemma":"blanco","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies tierra","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"destapó","lemma":"destapar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"uncovered"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cajón","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cajón","lemma":"cajón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of destapó","gloss":"crate"}]},{"number":123,"label":"54","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p54-s1","source":"Mezclábanse allí soldados de plomo con muñecos de madera, y era aquello un hacinamiento de payasos, generalitos, clowns, princesas y extraños monstruos gordos con narices averiadas y bocas de sapo.","translation":"Lead soldiers were mixed in there with wooden dolls, and the thing was a heap of buffoons, little generals, clowns, princesses, and strange fat monsters with damaged noses and toad mouths.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p54-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Mezclábanse","title":"Enclitic on a passive «se»","body":"«Mezclábanse allí soldados de plomo» = «se mezclaban allí…» ('lead soldiers were mixed in there'). The passive/middle «se» rides on the end of the imperfect verb. Word order is inverted, with the subject after the verb."}],"words":[{"surface":"Mezclábanse","lemma":"mezclarse","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural, reflexive (enclitic se)","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"were mixed","note":"Archaic literary word order attaches the reflexive pronoun to the end of the verb: mezclábanse = se mezclaban (\"they were mixing\")."},{"surface":"allí","lemma":"allí","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Mezclábanse","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"soldados","lemma":"soldado","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of Mezclábanse","gloss":"soldiers"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking plomo","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"plomo","lemma":"plomo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies soldados","gloss":"lead"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking muñecos","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"muñecos","lemma":"muñeco","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of Mezclábanse","gloss":"dolls"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking madera","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"madera","lemma":"madera","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies muñecos","gloss":"wood"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"era","lemma":"ser","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to aquello","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"aquello","lemma":"aquel","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of era","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hacinamiento","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"hacinamiento","lemma":"hacinamiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"complement of era","gloss":"heap"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking payasos","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"payasos","lemma":"payaso","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies hacinamiento","gloss":"buffoons"},{"surface":"generalitos","lemma":"generalito","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with payasos","gloss":"little generals"},{"surface":"clowns","lemma":"clown","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with payasos","gloss":"clowns"},{"surface":"princesas","lemma":"princesa","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"coordinated with payasos","gloss":"princesses"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"extraños","lemma":"extraño","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies monstruos","gloss":"strange"},{"surface":"monstruos","lemma":"monstruo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with payasos","gloss":"monsters"},{"surface":"gordos","lemma":"gordo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies monstruos","gloss":"fat"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking narices","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"narices","lemma":"nariz","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies monstruos","gloss":"noses"},{"surface":"averiadas","lemma":"averiada","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies narices","gloss":"damaged"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bocas","lemma":"boca","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"coordinated with narices","gloss":"mouths"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sapo","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"sapo","lemma":"sapo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies bocas","gloss":"toad"}]},{"number":124,"label":"55","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p55-s1","source":"Cogió un trozo de cuerda, y dirigiéndose al rincón, ató ésta a dos clavos, uniendo así el ángulo que formaban los dos muros con improvisada bisectriz.","translation":"He took a piece of cord and, going over to the corner, tied it to two nails, thus joining the angle formed by the two walls with an improvised bisector.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p55-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Cogió","title":"«coger» — a regional caution","body":"«Coger» = 'to take, grab, pick up', and that is its meaning here («cogió un trozo de cuerda» = 'he took a piece of cord'). Note that in much of Latin America, including the Río de la Plata, «coger» has a vulgar sexual sense in speech, so «agarrar/tomar» are preferred — but Arlt uses the neutral literary «coger» freely in narration."}],"words":[{"surface":"Cogió","lemma":"coger","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"took"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of trozo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"trozo","lemma":"trozo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of Cogió","gloss":"piece"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cuerda","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"cuerda","lemma":"cuerda","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies trozo","gloss":"cord"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dirigiéndose","lemma":"dirigirse","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on ató","gloss":"heading toward"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rincón","gloss":"to the"},{"surface":"rincón","lemma":"rincón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of dirigiéndose","gloss":"corner"},{"surface":"ató","lemma":"atar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with Cogió","gloss":"tied"},{"surface":"ésta","lemma":"este","morphology":"pronoun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of ató","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking clavos","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"dos","lemma":"dos","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies clavos","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"clavos","lemma":"clavo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of ató","gloss":"nails"},{"surface":"uniendo","lemma":"unir","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on ató","gloss":"joining"},{"surface":"así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies uniendo","gloss":"thus"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ángulo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ángulo","lemma":"ángulo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of uniendo","gloss":"angle"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of formaban","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"formaban","lemma":"formar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"clause modifying ángulo","gloss":"formed"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of muros","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"dos","lemma":"dos","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies muros","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"muros","lemma":"muro","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of formaban","gloss":"walls"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bisectriz","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"improvisada","lemma":"improvisado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies bisectriz","gloss":"improvised"},{"surface":"bisectriz","lemma":"bisectriz","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of uniendo","gloss":"bisector"}]},{"number":125,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p55-s2","source":"Hecho esto tomó del cajón varios fantoches, arrojándolos sobre la cama.","translation":"This done, he took several puppets from the crate, tossing them onto the bed.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p55-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Hecho esto","title":"«Hecho esto» absolute participle","body":"«Hecho esto» = 'this [being] done, once this was done'. A past participle plus its noun forms an absolute clause marking a completed prior action — a compact 'after he had done this'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hecho","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"adverbial clause on tomó","gloss":"done","note":"Hecho esto is an absolute participial construction: 'this (being) done.'"},{"surface":"esto","lemma":"este","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of Hecho","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"tomó","lemma":"tomar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"took"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cajón","gloss":"from the"},{"surface":"cajón","lemma":"cajón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of tomó","gloss":"crate"},{"surface":"varios","lemma":"varios","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of fantoches","gloss":"several"},{"surface":"fantoches","lemma":"fantoche","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of tomó","gloss":"puppets"},{"surface":"arrojándolos","lemma":"arrojar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on tomó","gloss":"tossing them"},{"surface":"sobre","lemma":"sobre","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cama","gloss":"onto"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cama","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cama","lemma":"cama","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of arrojándolos","gloss":"bed"}]},{"number":126,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p55-s3","source":"Con trozos de piola amarró la garganta de cada pelele, y tan absorbido estaba en la labor, que no se apercibió que el viento empujaba por el ventanillo abierto el agua de la lluvia, que había arreciado.","translation":"With bits of twine he bound the throat of each puppet, and he was so absorbed in the work that he did not notice that the wind was driving the rainwater in through the open little window — the rain having grown harder.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p55-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"piola","title":"«piola»","body":"«Piola» is the Río de la Plata word for thin cord or twine, string. (As an adjective in lunfardo-tinged slang, «piola» can also mean 'clever, cool', but here it is the literal cord he ties the puppets' necks with.)"}],"words":[{"surface":"Con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking trozos","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"trozos","lemma":"trozo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of amarró","gloss":"bits"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking piola","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"piola","lemma":"piola","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies trozos","gloss":"twine","note":"Piola is Rioplatense for a thin cord or twine (unrelated to the slang sense 'cool')."},{"surface":"amarró","lemma":"amarrar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"bound"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of garganta","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"garganta","lemma":"garganta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of amarró","gloss":"throat"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pelele","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"cada","lemma":"cada","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of pelele","gloss":"each"},{"surface":"pelele","lemma":"pelele","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies garganta","gloss":"puppet"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tan","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies absorbido","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"absorbido","lemma":"absorbido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate adjective of estaba","gloss":"absorbed"},{"surface":"estaba","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with amarró (copula)","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking labor","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of labor","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"labor","lemma":"labor","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of absorbido","gloss":"work"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of apercibió","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies apercibió","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of apercibió","gloss":"(no separate meaning — se is the obligatory reflexive clitic of the pronominal verb apercibirse)","note":"Apercibirse (with se) is a pronominal verb meaning 'to notice/realize'; se has no independent translation here."},{"surface":"apercibió","lemma":"apercibirse","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the result clause introduced by que","gloss":"noticed"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of empujaba","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of viento","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"viento","lemma":"viento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of empujaba","gloss":"wind"},{"surface":"empujaba","lemma":"empujar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of apercibió","gloss":"was driving"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ventanillo","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ventanillo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ventanillo","lemma":"ventanillo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of empujaba","gloss":"little window"},{"surface":"abierto","lemma":"abierto","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies ventanillo","gloss":"open"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of agua","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"agua","lemma":"agua","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of empujaba","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lluvia","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of lluvia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"lluvia","lemma":"lluvia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies agua","gloss":"rain"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of había arreciado","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"había","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of arreciado","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"arreciado","lemma":"arreciar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"clause modifying lluvia","gloss":"grown harder"}]},{"number":127,"label":"56","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p56-s1","source":"Trabajaba entusiasmado.","translation":"He worked with enthusiasm.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p56-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Trabajaba","title":"Imperfect for ongoing activity","body":"«Trabajaba entusiasmado» = 'he was working, full of enthusiasm'. The imperfect again paints a continuous activity in progress, the backdrop against which the next preterite events land."}],"words":[{"surface":"Trabajaba","lemma":"trabajar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"worked"},{"surface":"entusiasmado","lemma":"entusiasmado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate adjective of Trabajaba","gloss":"enthused"}]},{"number":128,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p56-s2","source":"Cuando hubo acollarado la garganta de los muñecos con piolines que recortaba de mayor a menor, los llevó hasta el rincón, amarrándolos de la soga.","translation":"When he had collared the throats of the dolls with little cords that he cut from longest to shortest, he carried them over to the corner, tying them to the rope.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p56-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"hubo acollarado","title":"Preterite perfect «hubo + participle»","body":"«Cuando hubo acollarado…» = 'when he had collared…'. The «hubo» + participle (preterite anterior) is a now-rare, literary tense marking an action just completed right before the next one. Modern Spanish would use the pluperfect «había acollarado» or simply «acolló»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Cuando","lemma":"cuando","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hubo","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"hubo","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of acollarado","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"acollarado","lemma":"acollarar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"verb of the cuando-clause","gloss":"collared"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of garganta","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"garganta","lemma":"garganta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of acollarado","gloss":"throats"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking muñecos","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of muñecos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"muñecos","lemma":"muñeco","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies garganta","gloss":"dolls"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking piolines","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"piolines","lemma":"piolín","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of acollarado","gloss":"little cords"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of recortaba","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"recortaba","lemma":"recortar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying piolines","gloss":"cut"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mayor","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"mayor","lemma":"mayor","morphology":"adjective, singular, comparative","role":"oblique complement of recortaba","gloss":"longest"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking menor","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"menor","lemma":"menor","morphology":"adjective, singular, comparative","role":"coordinated with mayor","gloss":"shortest"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of llevó","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"llevó","lemma":"llevar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"carried"},{"surface":"hasta","lemma":"hasta","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rincón","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of rincón","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"rincón","lemma":"rincón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of llevó","gloss":"corner"},{"surface":"amarrándolos","lemma":"amarrar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on llevó","gloss":"tying them"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking soga","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of soga","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"soga","lemma":"soga","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of amarrándolos","gloss":"rope"}]},{"number":129,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p56-s3","source":"Terminada su obra, quedóse contemplándola.","translation":"His work finished, he stood gazing at it.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p56-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Terminada su obra","title":"Absolute participle (agreeing)","body":"«Terminada su obra» = 'his work [once] finished'. The participle «terminada» agrees in gender and number with «obra» (feminine singular). The absolute construction sets the time: 'after his work was done'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Terminada","lemma":"terminado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"adverbial clause on quedóse","gloss":"finished","note":"Terminada + noun is an absolute construction: 'X finished / once X was finished.'"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of obra","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"obra","lemma":"obra","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of Terminada","gloss":"work"},{"surface":"quedóse","lemma":"quedarse","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stayed","note":"Quedóse is an archaic literary form with the reflexive pronoun attached to the verb (= se quedó)."},{"surface":"contemplándola","lemma":"contemplar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on quedóse","gloss":"gazing at it"}]},{"number":130,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p56-s4","source":"Los cinco fantoches ahorcados movían sus sombras de capuchón en el muro rosado.","translation":"The five hanged puppets stirred their hooded shadows on the pink wall.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p56-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"fantoches","title":"«fantoche»","body":"«Fantoche» = a puppet, marionette, or grotesque figure (also, figuratively, a pompous nobody). Arlt uses «fantoche», «muñeco», and «pelele» almost interchangeably for the little hanged dolls in this uncanny scene."}],"words":[{"surface":"Los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of fantoches","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cinco","lemma":"cinco","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies fantoches","gloss":"five"},{"surface":"fantoches","lemma":"fantoche","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of movían","gloss":"puppets"},{"surface":"ahorcados","lemma":"ahorcado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies fantoches","gloss":"hanged"},{"surface":"movían","lemma":"mover","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stirred"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of sombras","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"sombras","lemma":"sombra","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of movían","gloss":"shadows"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking capuchón","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"capuchón","lemma":"capuchón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies sombras","gloss":"hood"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking muro","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of muro","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"muro","lemma":"muro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of movían","gloss":"wall"},{"surface":"rosado","lemma":"rosado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies muro","gloss":"pink"}]},{"number":131,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p56-s5","source":"El primero, un pierrot sin calzones, pero con una blusa a cuadritos blancos y negros; el segundo, un ídolo de chocolate y labios bermellón, cuyo cráneo de sandía estaba a la altura de los pies del pierrot; el tercero, más abajo aún, era un pierrot automático, con un plato de bronce clavado en el estómago y cara de mono; el cuarto era un marinero de pasta de cartón azul, y el quinto un negro desnarigado mostrando una llaga de yeso por la vitola blanca de un cuello patricio.","translation":"The first, a pierrot without trousers but with a blouse of little black-and-white squares; the second, an idol of chocolate with vermilion lips, whose watermelon skull was level with the pierrot's feet; the third, lower still, was a clockwork pierrot, with a bronze plate nailed into its stomach and a monkey's face; the fourth was a sailor of blue cardboard pulp; and the fifth, a noseless black figure showing a plaster sore through the white band of a patrician collar.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p56-s5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"bermellón","title":"«bermellón»","body":"«Bermellón» = vermilion, a vivid red-orange pigment. «Labios bermellón» = 'vermilion lips'. Arlt names exact colors — bottle-green, ocher, vermilion — to make these toy figures lurid and precise."}],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of primero","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"primero","lemma":"primero","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"subject of implied era","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of pierrot","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"pierrot","lemma":"pierrot","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition to primero","gloss":"pierrot"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking calzones","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"calzones","lemma":"calzón","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies pierrot","gloss":"trousers"},{"surface":"pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking blusa","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of blusa","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"blusa","lemma":"blusa","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies pierrot","gloss":"blouse"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cuadritos","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"cuadritos","lemma":"cuadrito","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies blusa","gloss":"little squares"},{"surface":"blancos","lemma":"blanco","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies cuadritos","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"negros","lemma":"negro","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with blancos","gloss":"black"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of segundo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"segundo","lemma":"segundo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with primero","gloss":"second"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ídolo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ídolo","lemma":"ídolo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition to segundo","gloss":"idol"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking chocolate","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"chocolate","lemma":"chocolate","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies ídolo","gloss":"chocolate"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"labios","lemma":"labio","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with chocolate","gloss":"lips"},{"surface":"bermellón","lemma":"bermellón","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies labios","gloss":"vermilion"},{"surface":"cuyo","lemma":"cuyo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies cráneo","gloss":"whose"},{"surface":"cráneo","lemma":"cráneo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of estaba","gloss":"skull"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sandía","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"sandía","lemma":"sandía","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies cráneo","gloss":"watermelon"},{"surface":"estaba","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying cráneo","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking altura","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of altura","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"altura","lemma":"altura","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of estaba","gloss":"level"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pies","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of pies","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"pies","lemma":"pie","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies altura","gloss":"feet"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pierrot","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"pierrot","lemma":"pierrot","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies pies","gloss":"pierrot"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of tercero","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tercero","lemma":"tercero","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with primero","gloss":"third"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies abajo","gloss":"further"},{"surface":"abajo","lemma":"abajo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tercero","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"aún","lemma":"aún","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies abajo","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"era","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking tercero to pierrot","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of pierrot","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"pierrot","lemma":"pierrot","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"pierrot"},{"surface":"automático","lemma":"automático","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies pierrot","gloss":"clockwork"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking plato","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of plato","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"plato","lemma":"plato","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies pierrot","gloss":"plate"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bronce","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"bronce","lemma":"bronce","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies plato","gloss":"bronze"},{"surface":"clavado","lemma":"clavado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies plato","gloss":"nailed"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking estómago","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of estómago","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"estómago","lemma":"estómago","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of clavado","gloss":"stomach"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"cara","lemma":"cara","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with plato","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mono","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"mono","lemma":"mono","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies cara","gloss":"monkey"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cuarto","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cuarto","lemma":"cuarto","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"subject of era","gloss":"fourth"},{"surface":"era","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to marinero","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of marinero","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"marinero","lemma":"marinero","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate noun of era","gloss":"sailor"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pasta","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"pasta","lemma":"pasta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies marinero","gloss":"pulp"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cartón","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"cartón","lemma":"cartón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies pasta","gloss":"cardboard"},{"surface":"azul","lemma":"azul","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies cartón","gloss":"blue"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of quinto","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"quinto","lemma":"quinto","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"subject of implied era","gloss":"fifth"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of negro","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"negro","lemma":"negro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate noun of implied era, modified by desnarigado","gloss":"black figure","note":"Negro is used here as a noun ('a black one/figure'), not as an adjective."},{"surface":"desnarigado","lemma":"desnarigado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies negro","gloss":"noseless"},{"surface":"mostrando","lemma":"mostrar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause describing quinto","gloss":"showing"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of llaga","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"llaga","lemma":"llaga","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of mostrando","gloss":"sore"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking yeso","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"yeso","lemma":"yeso","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies llaga","gloss":"plaster"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vitola","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of vitola","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"vitola","lemma":"vitola","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of mostrando","gloss":"band","note":"Vitola: a band or ring encircling something (as on a cigar); here it names the white band of the collar."},{"surface":"blanca","lemma":"blanco","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies vitola","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cuello","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cuello","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"cuello","lemma":"cuello","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies vitola","gloss":"collar"},{"surface":"patricio","lemma":"patricio","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies cuello","gloss":"patrician"}]},{"number":132,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p56-s6","source":"Satisfecho contempló su obra el Astrólogo.","translation":"Satisfied, the Astrologer contemplated his work.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p56-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Satisfecho","lemma":"satisfecho","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Astrólogo","gloss":"satisfied"},{"surface":"contempló","lemma":"contemplar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"contemplated"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of obra","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"obra","lemma":"obra","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of contempló","gloss":"work"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of contempló","gloss":"Astrologer"}]},{"number":133,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p56-s7","source":"Estaba de espaldas a la lámpara, y hasta el techo alcanzaba su silueta negra.","translation":"He stood with his back to the lamp, and his black silhouette reached all the way to the ceiling.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p56-s7.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"de espaldas a","title":"«de espaldas a»","body":"«Estaba de espaldas a la lámpara» = 'he stood with his back to the lamp'. The fixed phrase «de espaldas a» means 'with one's back turned to'. It is why his shadow is thrown huge up the wall."}],"words":[{"surface":"Estaba","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking espaldas","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"espaldas","lemma":"espalda","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of Estaba","gloss":"his back"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lámpara","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of lámpara","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"lámpara","lemma":"lámpara","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies espaldas","gloss":"lamp"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hasta","lemma":"hasta","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking techo","gloss":"all the way to"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of techo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"techo","lemma":"techo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of alcanzaba","gloss":"ceiling"},{"surface":"alcanzaba","lemma":"alcanzar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with Estaba","gloss":"reached"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of silueta","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"silueta","lemma":"silueta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of alcanzaba","gloss":"silhouette"},{"surface":"negra","lemma":"negro","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies silueta","gloss":"black"}]},{"number":134,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p56-s8","source":"Habló fuertemente:","translation":"He spoke out loudly:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p56-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Habló","lemma":"hablar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"spoke"},{"surface":"fuertemente","lemma":"fuertemente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Habló","gloss":"loudly"}]},{"number":135,"label":"57","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p57-s1","source":"–Vos, pierrot, sos Erdosain; vos, gordo, sos el Buscador de Oro; clown, sos el Rufián; y vos, negro, sos Alfón.","translation":"\"You, pierrot, are Erdosain; you, fat one, are the Gold Seeker; clown, you are the Ruffian; and you, black one, are Alfón.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p57-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Vos sos","title":"Voseo: «vos sos»","body":"«Vos sos» = 'you are' in River Plate «voseo». Instead of «tú eres», Buenos Aires Spanish uses the pronoun «vos» with special verb forms: «vos sos», «vos tenés», «vos querés». This is the everyday second-person singular in Argentina, and a strong marker of the setting."}],"words":[{"surface":"Vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, singular","role":"subject of sos","gloss":"you","note":"Vos is the Rioplatense second-person singular pronoun (replacing tú), paired with special verb forms like sos."},{"surface":"pierrot","lemma":"pierrot","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition to Vos","gloss":"pierrot"},{"surface":"sos","lemma":"ser","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"copula linking Vos to Erdosain","gloss":"are","note":"Sos is the voseo present-tense form of ser ('you are'), used instead of eres."},{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"predicate noun of sos","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, singular","role":"subject of sos","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"gordo","lemma":"gordo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition to vos","gloss":"fat one"},{"surface":"sos","lemma":"ser","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"copula linking to Buscador","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Buscador","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Buscador","lemma":"Buscador","morphology":"proper noun","role":"predicate noun of sos","gloss":"Seeker"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Oro","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Oro","lemma":"Oro","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name Buscador","gloss":"Gold"},{"surface":"clown","lemma":"clown","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of sos (implied vos)","gloss":"clown"},{"surface":"sos","lemma":"ser","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"copula linking to Rufián","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Rufián","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Rufián","lemma":"Rufián","morphology":"proper noun","role":"predicate noun of sos","gloss":"Ruffian"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vos","lemma":"vos","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, singular","role":"subject of sos","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"negro","lemma":"negro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition to vos","gloss":"black one"},{"surface":"sos","lemma":"ser","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"copula linking to Alfón","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"Alfón","lemma":"Alfón","morphology":"proper noun","role":"predicate noun of sos","gloss":"Alfón"}]},{"number":136,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p57-s2","source":"Estamos de acuerdo.","translation":"We are agreed.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p57-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"estar de acuerdo","title":"«estar de acuerdo»","body":"«Estamos de acuerdo» = 'we are in agreement, we agree'. The set phrase uses «estar» (a state) + «de acuerdo». The Astrologer addresses his puppets as if they had assented to their assigned roles."}],"words":[{"surface":"Estamos","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"main verb of the idiom estar de acuerdo","gloss":"we are","note":"Estar de acuerdo is the idiom 'to agree/be in agreement.'"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking acuerdo","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"acuerdo","lemma":"acuerdo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of preposition de","gloss":"agreement"}]},{"number":137,"label":"58","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p58-s1","source":"Terminada su arenga, separó el baúl de Barsut del muro, y colocándolo frente a los muñecos sentóse ante ellos.","translation":"His harangue finished, he pulled Barsut's trunk away from the wall, and, placing it in front of the dolls, sat down facing them.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p58-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"arenga","title":"«arenga»","body":"An «arenga» is a harangue — a rousing, declamatory speech, often to troops. Calling the Astrologer's address to five toy puppets an «arenga» is quietly mocking: he orates to dolls as if to an army."}],"words":[{"surface":"Terminada","lemma":"terminado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"adverbial clause on separó","gloss":"finished","note":"Terminada + noun is an absolute construction: 'X finished / once X was finished.'"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of arenga","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"arenga","lemma":"arenga","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of Terminada","gloss":"harangue"},{"surface":"separó","lemma":"separar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"pulled away"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of baúl","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"baúl","lemma":"baúl","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of separó","gloss":"trunk"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Barsut","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies baúl","gloss":"Barsut"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking muro","gloss":"from the"},{"surface":"muro","lemma":"muro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of separó","gloss":"wall"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"colocándolo","lemma":"colocar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"coordinated with separó","gloss":"placing it"},{"surface":"frente","lemma":"frente","morphology":"noun, singular","role":"part of the preposition frente a","gloss":"in front"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking muñecos","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of muñecos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"muñecos","lemma":"muñeco","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"object of preposition a within frente a, locative complement of colocándolo","gloss":"dolls"},{"surface":"sentóse","lemma":"sentarse","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb, coordinated with separó","gloss":"sat down","note":"Sentóse is an archaic literary form with the reflexive pronoun attached to the verb (= se sentó)."},{"surface":"ante","lemma":"ante","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ellos","gloss":"facing"},{"surface":"ellos","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of sentóse","gloss":"them"}]},{"number":138,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p58-s2","source":"Y así comenzó un diálogo silencioso, cuyas preguntas partían de él, recibiendo en su interior la respuesta cuando fijaba la mirada en el fantoche interrogado.","translation":"And so began a silent dialogue, whose questions came from him, the answer received inside himself when he fixed his gaze on the puppet being questioned.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p58-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"interrogado","title":"Participle as adjective","body":"«El fantoche interrogado» = 'the puppet [being] questioned, the questioned puppet'. The past participle «interrogado» works as an adjective on the noun, agreeing with it — a compact relative clause ('the puppet that he questioned')."}],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the sentence","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies comenzó","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"comenzó","lemma":"comenzar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"began"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of diálogo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"diálogo","lemma":"diálogo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of comenzó","gloss":"dialogue"},{"surface":"silencioso","lemma":"silencioso","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies diálogo","gloss":"silent"},{"surface":"cuyas","lemma":"cuyo","morphology":"pronoun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies preguntas","gloss":"whose"},{"surface":"preguntas","lemma":"pregunta","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of partían","gloss":"questions"},{"surface":"partían","lemma":"partir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"clause modifying diálogo","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking él","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of partían","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"recibiendo","lemma":"recibir","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on partían","gloss":"receiving"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking interior","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of interior","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"interior","lemma":"interior","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of recibiendo","gloss":"inner self"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of respuesta","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"respuesta","lemma":"respuesta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of recibiendo","gloss":"answer"},{"surface":"cuando","lemma":"cuando","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fijaba","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"fijaba","lemma":"fijar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on recibiendo","gloss":"fixed"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mirada","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mirada","lemma":"mirada","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of fijaba","gloss":"gaze"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fantoche","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of fantoche","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"fantoche","lemma":"fantoche","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of fijaba","gloss":"puppet"},{"surface":"interrogado","lemma":"interrogado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies fantoche","gloss":"questioned"}]},{"number":139,"label":"59","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p59-s1","source":"Su pensamiento tomó una claridad sorprendente.","translation":"His thought took on a surprising clarity.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p59-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of pensamiento","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"pensamiento","lemma":"pensamiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of tomó","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"tomó","lemma":"tomar","morphology":"verb, preterite, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"took on"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of claridad","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"claridad","lemma":"claridad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of tomó","gloss":"clarity"},{"surface":"sorprendente","lemma":"sorprendente","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies claridad","gloss":"surprising"}]},{"number":140,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p59-s2","source":"Necesitaba expresar sus ideas en un sistema telegráfico, vibrante, interrumpido, como si todo él tuviera que acompasar el ritmo del pensamiento a una misteriosa trepidación de entusiasmo.","translation":"He needed to express his ideas in a telegraphic system — vibrant, broken — as if his whole being had to keep the rhythm of his thought in time with some mysterious throb of enthusiasm.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p59-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"como si … tuviera que","title":"«como si» + «tener que»","body":"«Como si todo él tuviera que acompasar…» = 'as if his whole self had to keep in time…'. «Como si» forces the subjunctive, here on the obligation phrase «tener que» → imperfect subjunctive «tuviera que» ('had to')."}],"words":[{"surface":"Necesitaba","lemma":"necesitar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"he needed"},{"surface":"expresar","lemma":"expresar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of Necesitaba","gloss":"to express"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of ideas","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"ideas","lemma":"idea","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of expresar","gloss":"ideas"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sistema","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of sistema","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"sistema","lemma":"sistema","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of expresar","gloss":"system"},{"surface":"telegráfico","lemma":"telegráfico","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies sistema","gloss":"telegraphic"},{"surface":"vibrante","lemma":"vibrante","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies sistema","gloss":"vibrant"},{"surface":"interrumpido","lemma":"interrumpido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies sistema","gloss":"broken"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tuviera (paired with si)","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase como si","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"todo","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of él","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"subject of tuviera","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"tuviera","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"verb of the clause introduced by como si","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the periphrasis tuviera que acompasar","gloss":"to","note":"tuviera que + infinitive is the 'tener que' construction ('had to'); que has no independent meaning here."},{"surface":"acompasar","lemma":"acompasar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of tuviera que","gloss":"keep in time"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ritmo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ritmo","lemma":"ritmo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of acompasar","gloss":"rhythm"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pensamiento","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"pensamiento","lemma":"pensamiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies ritmo","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking trepidación (oblique complement of acompasar)","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of trepidación","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"misteriosa","lemma":"misterioso","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies trepidación","gloss":"mysterious"},{"surface":"trepidación","lemma":"trepidación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of acompasar","gloss":"throb"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking entusiasmo","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"entusiasmo","lemma":"entusiasmo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies trepidación","gloss":"enthusiasm"}]},{"number":141,"label":"60","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p60-s1","source":"Pensaba:","translation":"He thought:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p60-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pensaba","lemma":"pensar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"he thought"}]},{"number":142,"label":"61","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s1","source":"–Es necesario instalar fábricas de gases asfixiantes.","translation":"\"It is necessary to set up factories for asphyxiating gases.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Es necesario","title":"«es necesario» + infinitive","body":"«Es necesario instalar fábricas» = 'it is necessary to set up factories'. With a bare infinitive (no specific subject), the impersonal «es necesario» states a general need. With a personal subject it would shift to «que» + subjunctive: «es necesario que instalemos…»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to necesario","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"necesario","lemma":"necesario","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"necessary"},{"surface":"instalar","lemma":"instalar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on necesario","gloss":"to set up"},{"surface":"fábricas","lemma":"fábrica","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of instalar","gloss":"factories"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gases","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"gases","lemma":"gas","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies fábricas","gloss":"gases"},{"surface":"asfixiantes","lemma":"asfixiante","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies gases","gloss":"asphyxiating"}]},{"number":143,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s2","source":"Conseguirse químico.","translation":"Get hold of a chemist.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Conseguirse","title":"Telegraphic infinitive","body":"In this clipped, telegraphic monologue the Astrologer drops articles and finite verbs, leaving bare infinitives: «Conseguirse químico» = roughly 'get [a] chemist'. The «-se» adds a sense of 'get oneself / procure'. Arlt mimics the staccato of a telegram or shorthand notes."}],"words":[{"surface":"Conseguirse","lemma":"conseguir él","morphology":"verb, infinitive, reflexive/impersonal","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"get hold of","note":"From here through p66 Erdosain's thoughts run as clipped, verbless telegraphic notes — Arlt's 'sistema telegráfico' — with articles and prepositions often dropped."},{"surface":"químico","lemma":"químico","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of Conseguirse","gloss":"a chemist"}]},{"number":144,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s3","source":"Células, en vez de automóviles camiones.","translation":"Cells — instead of cars, trucks.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"en vez de","title":"«en vez de»","body":"«En vez de automóviles» = 'instead of cars'. «En vez de» (+ noun or infinitive) means 'instead of, in place of'. The fragmentary syntax leaves the full thought implied."}],"words":[{"surface":"Células","lemma":"célula","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"cells"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"head of the phrase en vez de (marking automóviles)","gloss":"instead","note":"en vez de is a fixed idiom meaning 'instead of.'"},{"surface":"vez","lemma":"vez","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"part of the phrase en vez de","gloss":"turn"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase en vez de","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"automóviles","lemma":"automóvil","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"object of en vez de","gloss":"cars"},{"surface":"camiones","lemma":"camión","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with automóviles","gloss":"trucks"}]},{"number":145,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s4","source":"Cubiertas macizas.","translation":"Solid tires.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Cubiertas","title":"«cubierta» = tire","body":"In the Río de la Plata «cubierta» is a tire (the casing of a wheel); «cubiertas macizas» = 'solid (airless) tires'. The word literally means 'cover', and also means a ship's deck — context picks the sense."}],"words":[{"surface":"Cubiertas","lemma":"cubierta","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"tires"},{"surface":"macizas","lemma":"macizo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies Cubiertas","gloss":"solid"}]},{"number":146,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s5","source":"Colonia de la cordillera, disparate.","translation":"Mountain-range colony — nonsense.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"disparate","title":"«disparate»","body":"A «disparate» is a piece of nonsense, an absurdity, a crazy idea. «Colonia de la cordillera, disparate» = 'the colony in the mountains — absurd'. He shoots down his own idea mid-thought."}],"words":[{"surface":"Colonia","lemma":"colonia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"colony"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cordillera","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cordillera","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cordillera","lemma":"cordillera","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies Colonia","gloss":"mountain range"},{"surface":"disparate","lemma":"disparate","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition to Colonia","gloss":"nonsense"}]},{"number":147,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s6","source":"O no.","translation":"Or no.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"O","lemma":"o","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"no"}]},{"number":148,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s7","source":"Sí.","translation":"Yes.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sí","lemma":"sí","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"yes"}]},{"number":149,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s8","source":"No.","translation":"No.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"No","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"no"}]},{"number":150,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s9","source":"También orilla Paraná una fábrica.","translation":"Also a factory on the bank of the Paraná.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s9.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"También","lemma":"también","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fábrica","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"orilla","lemma":"orilla","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"locative modifier of fábrica","gloss":"bank"},{"surface":"Paraná","lemma":"Paraná","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies orilla","gloss":"Paraná"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of fábrica","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"fábrica","lemma":"fábrica","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"factory"}]},{"number":151,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s10","source":"Automóviles blindaje cromo acero níquel.","translation":"Cars — armor — chrome, steel, nickel.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s10.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"blindaje","title":"«blindaje»","body":"«Blindaje» = armor plating, armoring (of a vehicle or wall); the verb is «blindar», 'to armor-plate'. «Acero, cromo, níquel» — steel, chrome, nickel — become an obsessive refrain in the Astrologer's industrial daydream."}],"words":[{"surface":"Automóviles","lemma":"automóvil","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"cars"},{"surface":"blindaje","lemma":"blindaje","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with Automóviles","gloss":"armor"},{"surface":"cromo","lemma":"cromo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with blindaje","gloss":"chrome"},{"surface":"acero","lemma":"acero","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with cromo","gloss":"steel"},{"surface":"níquel","lemma":"níquel","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with acero","gloss":"nickel"}]},{"number":152,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s11","source":"Gases asfixiantes importantes.","translation":"Asphyxiating gases — important.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s11.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Gases","lemma":"gas","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"gases"},{"surface":"asfixiantes","lemma":"asfixiante","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies Gases","gloss":"asphyxiating"},{"surface":"importantes","lemma":"importante","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies Gases","gloss":"important"}]},{"number":153,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s12","source":"En la cordillera y en el Chaco estallar revolución.","translation":"In the mountain range and in the Chaco, set off revolution.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s12.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"En","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cordillera","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cordillera","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cordillera","lemma":"cordillera","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of estallar","gloss":"mountain range"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Chaco","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Chaco","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Chaco","lemma":"Chaco","morphology":"proper noun","role":"coordinated with cordillera","gloss":"Chaco"},{"surface":"estallar","lemma":"estallar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"set off"},{"surface":"revolución","lemma":"revolución","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of estallar","gloss":"revolution"}]},{"number":154,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s13","source":"Donde haya prostíbulos, matar dueños.","translation":"Wherever there are brothels, kill the owners.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s13.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Donde haya","title":"«donde» + subjunctive","body":"«Donde haya prostíbulos» = 'wherever there are brothels'. When «donde» refers to unspecified or hypothetical places ('wherever'), it takes the subjunctive — here «haya», the subjunctive of existential «haber»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Donde","lemma":"donde","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of haya","gloss":"wherever"},{"surface":"haya","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"there are"},{"surface":"prostíbulos","lemma":"prostíbulo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of haya","gloss":"brothels"},{"surface":"matar","lemma":"matar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the second clause","gloss":"kill"},{"surface":"dueños","lemma":"dueño","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of matar","gloss":"owners"}]},{"number":155,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s14","source":"Banda asesinos en aeroplano.","translation":"Band of assassins by airplane.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s14.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Banda","lemma":"banda","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"band"},{"surface":"asesinos","lemma":"asesino","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies Banda","gloss":"assassins"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking aeroplano","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"aeroplano","lemma":"aeroplano","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Banda","gloss":"airplane"}]},{"number":156,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s15","source":"Todo factible.","translation":"All feasible.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s15.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"factible","title":"«factible»","body":"«Factible» = doable, feasible, able to be carried out (from Latin «facere», 'to do/make'). The Astrologer's terse verdict on his own scheme: «Todo factible» — 'all of it can be done'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Todo","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of factible","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"factible","lemma":"factible","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"feasible"}]},{"number":157,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s16","source":"Cada célula radiotelegrafía.","translation":"Each cell radiotelegraphs.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s16.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Cada","lemma":"cada","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of célula","gloss":"each"},{"surface":"célula","lemma":"célula","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of radiotelegrafía","gloss":"cell"},{"surface":"radiotelegrafía","lemma":"radiotelegrafiar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"radiotelegraphs"}]},{"number":158,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s17","source":"Código y onda cambiante sincrónicamente.","translation":"Code and wavelength changing synchronously.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p61-s17.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Código","lemma":"código","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"code"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"onda","lemma":"onda","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with Código","gloss":"wavelength"},{"surface":"cambiante","lemma":"cambiante","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies onda","gloss":"changing"},{"surface":"sincrónicamente","lemma":"sincrónicamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies cambiante","gloss":"synchronously"}]},{"number":159,"label":"62","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p62-s1","source":"Corriente eléctrica con caída de agua.","translation":"Electric current from a waterfall.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p62-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"caída de agua","title":"«caída de agua»","body":"«Caída de agua» = a waterfall or water drop, here as a source of hydroelectric power. «Corriente eléctrica con caída de agua» = generating electricity from falling water — the Astrologer dreams in engineering."}],"words":[{"surface":"Corriente","lemma":"corriente","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"current"},{"surface":"eléctrica","lemma":"eléctrico","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies Corriente","gloss":"electric"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking caída","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"caída","lemma":"caída","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies Corriente","gloss":"fall"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking agua","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"agua","lemma":"agua","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies caída","gloss":"water"}]},{"number":160,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p62-s2","source":"Turbinas suecas.","translation":"Swedish turbines.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p62-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Turbinas","lemma":"turbina","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"turbines"},{"surface":"suecas","lemma":"sueco","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies Turbinas","gloss":"Swedish"}]},{"number":161,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p62-s3","source":"Erdosain tiene razón.","translation":"Erdosain is right.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p62-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"tiene razón","title":"«tener razón»","body":"«Erdosain tiene razón» = 'Erdosain is right'. Spanish says 'to have reason' («tener razón») where English says 'to be right'. Likewise «no tener razón» = 'to be wrong'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of tiene","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"tiene","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is","note":"tener razón is idiomatic for 'to be right' (literally 'to have reason')."},{"surface":"razón","lemma":"razón","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of tiene","gloss":"right"}]},{"number":162,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p62-s4","source":"¡Qué grande es la vida!","translation":"How great life is!","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p62-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"¡Qué grande es…!","title":"Exclamatory «¡qué…!»","body":"«¡Qué grande es la vida!» = 'How great life is!'. «¡Qué + adjective…!» forms exclamations of degree — 'how X!'. Note the opening «¡» and the written accent on «qué»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of grande","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"grande","lemma":"grande","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"complement of es","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking vida to grande","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of vida","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"vida","lemma":"vida","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"life"}]},{"number":163,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p62-s5","source":"¿Quién soy yo?","translation":"Who am I?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p62-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Quién","lemma":"quién","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"complement of soy","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"soy","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"copula linking Quién to yo","gloss":"am"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of soy","gloss":"I"}]},{"number":164,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p62-s6","source":"Fábrica de bacilos bubónica y tifus exantemático.","translation":"Factory of bubonic bacilli and exanthematic typhus.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p62-s6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"tifus exantemático","title":"«tifus exantemático»","body":"«Tifus exantemático» is exanthematic (epidemic) typhus, the louse-borne fever that ravaged armies and slums; «bacilos» are bacilli, rod-shaped bacteria. The Astrologer imagines mass-producing plague itself — biological terror as industry."}],"words":[{"surface":"Fábrica","lemma":"fábrica","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"factory"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bacilos","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"bacilos","lemma":"bacilo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies Fábrica","gloss":"bacilli"},{"surface":"bubónica","lemma":"bubónico","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies bacilos","gloss":"bubonic","note":"bubónica agrees with an implied 'peste' (bubonic plague), not with the masculine plural bacilos — an elision typical of Arlt's telegraphic style."},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tifus","lemma":"tifus","morphology":"noun, masculine","role":"coordinated with bacilos","gloss":"typhus"},{"surface":"exantemático","lemma":"exantemático","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies tifus","gloss":"exanthematic"}]},{"number":165,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p62-s7","source":"Instalar academia estudios comparativos revolución francesa y rusa.","translation":"Set up an academy for comparative studies of the French and Russian revolutions.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p62-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Instalar","lemma":"instalar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"set up"},{"surface":"academia","lemma":"academia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of Instalar","gloss":"academy"},{"surface":"estudios","lemma":"estudio","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies academia","gloss":"studies"},{"surface":"comparativos","lemma":"comparativo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies estudios","gloss":"comparative"},{"surface":"revolución","lemma":"revolución","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies estudios","gloss":"revolution"},{"surface":"francesa","lemma":"francés","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies revolución","gloss":"French"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"rusa","lemma":"ruso","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with francesa","gloss":"Russian"}]},{"number":166,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p62-s8","source":"También escuela de propaganda revolucionaria.","translation":"Also a school of revolutionary propaganda.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p62-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"También","lemma":"también","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies escuela","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"escuela","lemma":"escuela","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"school"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking propaganda","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"propaganda","lemma":"propaganda","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies escuela","gloss":"propaganda"},{"surface":"revolucionaria","lemma":"revolucionario","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies propaganda","gloss":"revolutionary"}]},{"number":167,"label":"63","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p63-s1","source":"Cinematógrafo elemento importante.","translation":"The cinematograph — an important element.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p63-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Cinematógrafo","title":"«cinematógrafo»","body":"«Cinematógrafo» is the early word for cinema / the film projector (later shortened to «cine»). In 1929 film was the dazzling new mass medium, and the Astrologer instantly grasps it as a propaganda weapon."}],"words":[{"surface":"Cinematógrafo","lemma":"cinematógrafo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"cinematograph"},{"surface":"elemento","lemma":"elemento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition to Cinematógrafo","gloss":"element"},{"surface":"importante","lemma":"importante","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies elemento","gloss":"important"}]},{"number":168,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p63-s2","source":"Ojo.","translation":"Watch out.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p63-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Ojo","title":"«¡Ojo!»","body":"«Ojo» literally means 'eye', but as an interjection «¡Ojo!» means 'watch out!, careful!, take note!'. Here it is the Astrologer flagging a point to himself — 'note this'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ojo","lemma":"ojo","morphology":"interjection","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"watch out","note":"Ojo used alone is a colloquial interjection meaning 'watch out'/'careful' (literally 'eye')."}]},{"number":169,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p63-s3","source":"Ver cinematógrafo.","translation":"Look into the cinematograph.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p63-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ver","lemma":"ver","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"look into"},{"surface":"cinematógrafo","lemma":"cinematógrafo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of Ver","gloss":"the cinematograph"}]},{"number":170,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p63-s4","source":"Erdosain que estudie ramo.","translation":"Erdosain should study the field.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p63-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"que estudie","title":"«que» + subjunctive = a third-person command","body":"«Erdosain que estudie ramo» = 'let Erdosain study the field / Erdosain should study it'. «Que» + present subjunctive («estudie») expresses an order or wish for someone else — an indirect, third-person imperative."}],"words":[{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of estudie","gloss":"Erdosain"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the jussive clause of estudie","gloss":"should","note":"que + subjunctive here is jussive ('let Erdosain study...'), rendered as 'should.'"},{"surface":"estudie","lemma":"estudiar","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"study"},{"surface":"ramo","lemma":"ramo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of estudie","gloss":"the field"}]},{"number":171,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p63-s5","source":"Cinematógrafo aplicado a la propaganda revolucionaria.","translation":"The cinematograph applied to revolutionary propaganda.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p63-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Cinematógrafo","lemma":"cinematógrafo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"cinematograph"},{"surface":"aplicado","lemma":"aplicado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Cinematógrafo","gloss":"applied"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking propaganda","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of propaganda","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"propaganda","lemma":"propaganda","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of aplicado","gloss":"propaganda"},{"surface":"revolucionaria","lemma":"revolucionario","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies propaganda","gloss":"revolutionary"}]},{"number":172,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p63-s6","source":"Eso es.","translation":"That's it.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p63-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Eso","lemma":"ese","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":173,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p63-s7","source":"Ahora el ritmo del pensamiento se atemperaba.","translation":"Now the rhythm of his thought was easing.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p63-s7.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se atemperaba","title":"«atemperarse»","body":"«Se atemperaba» = 'it was tempering / calming down'. The pronominal «atemperarse» means to grow milder or moderate (cf. «temperatura»). The imperfect shows the staccato rhythm gradually settling."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ahora","lemma":"ahora","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies atemperaba","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ritmo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ritmo","lemma":"ritmo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of atemperaba","gloss":"rhythm"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pensamiento","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"pensamiento","lemma":"pensamiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies ritmo","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of atemperaba","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"atemperaba","lemma":"atemperar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was easing"}]},{"number":174,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p63-s8","source":"Decíase:","translation":"He said to himself:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p63-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Decíase","lemma":"decir él","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular, reflexive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"he said to himself","note":"Decíase = decía + enclitic se ('he said to himself'), an archaic/literary word order still used in formal narration."}]},{"number":175,"label":"64","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p64-s1","source":"–¿Cómo poner en cada conciencia el entusiasmo revolucionario que hay en la mía?","translation":"\"How to put into each consciousness the revolutionary enthusiasm that is in mine?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p64-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"la mía","title":"Possessive pronoun «la mía»","body":"«El entusiasmo… que hay en la mía» = '…that is in mine [= my conscience]'. «La mía» ('mine') is the possessive pronoun standing in for «mi conciencia»; it agrees in gender and number with the omitted noun."}],"words":[{"surface":"Cómo","lemma":"cómo","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of poner","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"poner","lemma":"poner","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to put"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking conciencia","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"cada","lemma":"cada","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of conciencia","gloss":"each"},{"surface":"conciencia","lemma":"conciencia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of poner","gloss":"consciousness"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of entusiasmo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"entusiasmo","lemma":"entusiasmo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of poner","gloss":"enthusiasm"},{"surface":"revolucionario","lemma":"revolucionario","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies entusiasmo","gloss":"revolutionary"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of hay","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hay","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying entusiasmo","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking la mía","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"part of the possessive pronoun la mía (oblique complement of hay)","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mía","lemma":"mío","morphology":"pronoun, possessive, feminine, singular","role":"head of la mía","gloss":"mine"}]},{"number":176,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p64-s2","source":"Eso, eso, eso.","translation":"That, that, that.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p64-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Eso","lemma":"ese","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"eso","lemma":"ese","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"coordinated with Eso","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"eso","lemma":"ese","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"coordinated with Eso","gloss":"that"}]},{"number":177,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p64-s3","source":"¿Con qué mentira o verdad?","translation":"By what lie or truth?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p64-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mentira","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of mentira","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"mentira","lemma":"mentira","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"lie"},{"surface":"o","lemma":"o","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"verdad","lemma":"verdad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with mentira","gloss":"truth"}]},{"number":178,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p64-s4","source":"¡Qué rápido es el tiempo que pasa!","translation":"How fast the passing time is!","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p64-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of rápido","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"rápido","lemma":"rápido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"complement of es","gloss":"fast"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking tiempo to rápido","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of tiempo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tiempo","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of pasa","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"pasa","lemma":"pasar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying tiempo","gloss":"passes"}]},{"number":179,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p64-s5","source":"¡Y qué triste!","translation":"And how sad!","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p64-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links to the previous sentence","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of triste","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"triste","lemma":"triste","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"sad"}]},{"number":180,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p64-s6","source":"Porque eso es cierto.","translation":"Because that is true.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p64-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Porque","lemma":"porque","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of cierto","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"eso","lemma":"ese","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to cierto","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"cierto","lemma":"cierto","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"true"}]},{"number":181,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p64-s7","source":"Hay tanta tristeza en mí, que si ellos la conocieran se asombrarían.","translation":"There is so much sadness in me that if they knew it they would be astonished.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p64-s7.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"si … conocieran, se asombrarían","title":"Unreal conditional","body":"«Si ellos la conocieran se asombrarían» = 'if they knew it, they would be amazed'. The hypothetical conditional: imperfect subjunctive «conocieran» in the 'if' clause, conditional «se asombrarían» in the result — a contrary-to-fact supposition."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hay","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"there is"},{"surface":"tanta","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of tristeza","gloss":"so much"},{"surface":"tristeza","lemma":"tristeza","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of Hay","gloss":"sadness"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mí","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"mí","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"oblique complement of Hay","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of asombrarían","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of conocieran","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"ellos","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, masculine, plural","role":"subject of conocieran","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of conocieran","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"conocieran","lemma":"conocer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, plural","role":"adverbial clause on asombrarían","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of asombrarían","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"asombrarían","lemma":"asombrar","morphology":"verb, conditional, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the clause introduced by que (modifies tristeza)","gloss":"would be astonished"}]},{"number":182,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p64-s8","source":"Y yo solo sostenerlo todo.","translation":"And I alone to bear it all.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p64-s8.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"sostenerlo todo","title":"«lo… todo»","body":"«Sostenerlo todo» = 'to hold/bear it all'. Spanish often pairs the neuter pronoun «lo» with «todo» around the verb to mean 'everything' — «lo sé todo» ('I know it all'). Here the bare infinitive heightens the lonely, exclamatory tone."}],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links to the previous sentence","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of sostenerlo","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"solo","lemma":"solo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies yo","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"sostenerlo","lemma":"sostener él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to bear it"},{"surface":"todo","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of sostenerlo","gloss":"all"}]},{"number":183,"label":"65","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p65-s1","source":"Se acurrucó en el sofá.","translation":"He curled up on the sofa.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p65-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Se acurrucó","title":"«acurrucarse»","body":"«Acurrucarse» = to curl up, huddle, nestle into a ball. «Se acurrucó en el sofá» = 'he huddled up on the sofa'. A pronominal verb of bodily self-comfort — he draws into himself, cold and tired."}],"words":[{"surface":"Se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of acurrucó","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"acurrucó","lemma":"acurrucar","morphology":"verb, preterite, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"curled up"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sofá","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of sofá","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sofá","lemma":"sofá","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of acurrucó","gloss":"sofa"}]},{"number":184,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p65-s2","source":"Tenía frío.","translation":"He was cold.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p65-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Tenía frío","title":"«tener frío»","body":"«Tenía frío» = 'he was cold'. Spanish expresses bodily sensations with «tener» + noun: «tener frío/calor/hambre/sueño» = 'to be cold/hot/hungry/sleepy'. Literally 'he had cold'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Tenía","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was","note":"tener frío is idiomatic for 'to be cold' (literally 'to have cold')."},{"surface":"frío","lemma":"frío","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of Tenía","gloss":"cold"}]},{"number":185,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p65-s3","source":"En las sienes le batían fuertemente las venas.","translation":"At his temples the veins were beating hard.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p65-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"le batían las venas","title":"Body part + indirect object","body":"«En las sienes le batían… las venas» = 'the veins were pounding at his temples'. Spanish marks the possessor of a body part with an indirect-object pronoun («le», 'his') rather than a possessive, so the veins beat 'on him'."}],"words":[{"surface":"En","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sienes","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of sienes","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sienes","lemma":"sien","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of batían","gloss":"temples"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of batían (dative of possession)","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"batían","lemma":"batir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"were beating"},{"surface":"fuertemente","lemma":"fuertemente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies batían","gloss":"hard"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of venas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"venas","lemma":"vena","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of batían","gloss":"veins"}]},{"number":186,"label":"66","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s1","source":"–El tiempo que se escapa.","translation":"\"Time that slips away.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of tiempo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tiempo","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of escapa","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of escapa","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"escapa","lemma":"escapar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying tiempo","gloss":"slips away"}]},{"number":187,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s2","source":"Eso.","translation":"That.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Eso","lemma":"ese","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"that"}]},{"number":188,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s3","source":"Eso.","translation":"That.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Eso","lemma":"ese","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"that"}]},{"number":189,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s4","source":"Y todos que se dejan estar caídos como bolsas.","translation":"And everyone letting themselves stay slumped like sacks.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se dejan estar","title":"«dejarse estar»","body":"«Se dejan estar caídos» = 'they let themselves stay down / they let themselves go'. The pronominal «dejarse» + infinitive means 'to let oneself…', here passivity and self-neglect — slumped 'like sacks'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"todos","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"everyone"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of dejan","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of dejan (direct object)","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"dejan","lemma":"dejar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"clause modifying todos","gloss":"let"},{"surface":"estar","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, infinitive","role":"copula linking to caídos","gloss":"stay"},{"surface":"caídos","lemma":"caído","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"complement of dejan","gloss":"slumped"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of bolsas","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"bolsas","lemma":"bolsa","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of caídos","gloss":"sacks"}]},{"number":190,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s5","source":"Nadie que quiera volar.","translation":"No one who wants to fly.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"que quiera","title":"Subjunctive after a negative antecedent","body":"«Nadie que quiera volar» = 'no one who wants to fly'. Because the antecedent «nadie» ('no one') is negative and unreal, the relative verb is subjunctive: «quiera». You'd use the indicative for a real, existing person."}],"words":[{"surface":"Nadie","lemma":"nadie","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"no one"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of quiera","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"quiera","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying Nadie","gloss":"wants"},{"surface":"volar","lemma":"volar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of quiera","gloss":"to fly"}]},{"number":191,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s6","source":"¿Cómo convencerlos a esos burros de que tienen que volar?","translation":"How to convince those donkeys that they have to fly?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"convencerlos a esos burros","title":"Clitic doubling again","body":"«Convencerlos a esos burros» doubles the object: «-los» and «a esos burros» both name them. Common in River Plate speech. «Burros» ('donkeys') is here an insult — 'blockheads, dolts'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Cómo","lemma":"cómo","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of convencerlos","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"convencerlos","lemma":"convencer él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to convince them"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking burros","gloss":"to","note":"Personal 'a' marks esos burros, which doubles the clitic los already in convencerlos; it has no independent translation here."},{"surface":"esos","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of burros","gloss":"those"},{"surface":"burros","lemma":"burro","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of convencerlos","gloss":"donkeys"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of tienen (with que)","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase de que","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"tienen","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"clausal complement of convencerlos","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the periphrasis tienen que volar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"volar","lemma":"volar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of tienen que","gloss":"fly"}]},{"number":192,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s7","source":"Y sin embargo, la vida es otra.","translation":"And yet, life is something else.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinates with the previous sentence","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase sin embargo (modifies the clause)","gloss":"without","note":"sin embargo is a fixed idiom ('without hindrance' → 'nevertheless/however'), rendered here as 'yet.'"},{"surface":"embargo","lemma":"embargo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"part of the phrase sin embargo","gloss":"hindrance"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of vida","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"vida","lemma":"vida","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to otra","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"otra","lemma":"otro","morphology":"pronoun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"something else"}]},{"number":193,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s8","source":"Otra como ellos no la conciben tan siquiera.","translation":"Something else, such as they do not even conceive of it.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s8.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"tan siquiera","title":"«ni siquiera / tan siquiera»","body":"«No la conciben tan siquiera» = 'they don't even conceive of it'. «Siquiera» means 'even / at least'; with a negative it reinforces 'not even'. «Tan siquiera» is an emphatic variant of «ni siquiera»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Otra","lemma":"otro","morphology":"pronoun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase (referenced by la)","gloss":"something else"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of conciben","gloss":"such as"},{"surface":"ellos","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, masculine, plural","role":"subject of conciben","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies conciben","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of conciben","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"conciben","lemma":"concebir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"conceive"},{"surface":"tan","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies siquiera","gloss":"so much as"},{"surface":"siquiera","lemma":"siquiera","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies conciben","gloss":"even"}]},{"number":194,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s9","source":"El alma como un océano agitándose dentro de setenta kilos de carne.","translation":"The soul like an ocean churning inside seventy kilos of flesh.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s9.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"agitándose","title":"Gerund as ongoing modifier","body":"«Un océano agitándose» = 'an ocean churning / heaving'. The gerund «agitándose» (reflexive 'tossing itself about') describes the ocean in continuous motion, modifying the noun — vivid present action frozen in an image."}],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of alma","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"alma","lemma":"alma","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of agitándose","gloss":"soul"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of océano","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of océano","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"océano","lemma":"océano","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies alma","gloss":"ocean"},{"surface":"agitándose","lemma":"agitar él","morphology":"verb, gerund, reflexive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"churning"},{"surface":"dentro","lemma":"dentro","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase dentro de (marking kilos)","gloss":"inside"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase dentro de","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"setenta","lemma":"setenta","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies kilos","gloss":"seventy"},{"surface":"kilos","lemma":"kilo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of agitándose (object of dentro de)","gloss":"kilos"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking carne","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"carne","lemma":"carne","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies kilos","gloss":"flesh"}]},{"number":195,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s10","source":"Y la misma carne que quiere volar.","translation":"And the very flesh that wants to fly.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s10.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of carne","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"misma","lemma":"mismo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies carne","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"carne","lemma":"carne","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"flesh"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of quiere","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"quiere","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying carne","gloss":"wants"},{"surface":"volar","lemma":"volar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of quiere","gloss":"to fly"}]},{"number":196,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s11","source":"Todo en nosotros está deseando subir hasta las nubes, hacer reales los países de las nubes... pero ¿cómo?...","translation":"Everything in us is longing to rise up to the clouds, to make the lands of the clouds real... but how?...","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s11.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"está deseando","title":"Present progressive «estar» + gerund","body":"«Está deseando subir» = 'is longing to rise'. «Estar» + gerund forms the progressive, stressing action in progress right now — the yearning is live and ongoing, not a settled fact."}],"words":[{"surface":"Todo","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of deseando","gloss":"Everything"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nosotros","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"nosotros","lemma":"nosotros","morphology":"pronoun, first-person, plural","role":"object of preposition en, modifies Todo","gloss":"us"},{"surface":"está","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of deseando","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"deseando","lemma":"desear","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"longing"},{"surface":"subir","lemma":"subir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of deseando","gloss":"to rise"},{"surface":"hasta","lemma":"hasta","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nubes","gloss":"up to"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of nubes","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"nubes","lemma":"nube","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of subir","gloss":"clouds"},{"surface":"hacer","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"coordinated with subir (second complement of deseando)","gloss":"to make"},{"surface":"reales","lemma":"real","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"predicate complement of hacer, describing países","gloss":"real"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of países","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"países","lemma":"país","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of hacer","gloss":"lands"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nubes","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of nubes","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"nubes","lemma":"nube","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies países","gloss":"clouds"},{"surface":"pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"cómo","lemma":"cómo","morphology":"adverb, interrogative","role":"head of the elliptical question","gloss":"how"}]},{"number":197,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s12","source":"Siempre aparece este «cómo» y yo... yo aquí, sufriendo por ellos, queriéndolos como si los hubiera parido, porque los quiero a estos hombres... a todos los quiero.","translation":"Always this 'how' appears, and I... I here, suffering for them, loving them as if I had given birth to them, because I love these men... I love them all.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s12.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"como si los hubiera parido","title":"«como si» + pluperfect subjunctive","body":"«Como si los hubiera parido» = 'as if I had given birth to them'. «Como si» + pluperfect subjunctive («hubiera parido») states an unreal past comparison. «Parir» ('to give birth') makes his love maternal, visceral."}],"words":[{"surface":"Siempre","lemma":"siempre","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies aparece","gloss":"Always"},{"surface":"aparece","lemma":"aparecer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"appears"},{"surface":"este","lemma":"este","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cómo","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"cómo","lemma":"cómo","morphology":"noun (nominalized)","role":"subject of aparece","gloss":"how","note":"Nominalized: 'este cómo' means 'this how/question of how', not a literal question."},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with cómo, trailing off","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"yo","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"aquí","lemma":"aquí","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies yo","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"sufriendo","lemma":"sufrir","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on yo","gloss":"suffering"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ellos","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"ellos","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"object of preposition por","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"queriéndolos","lemma":"querer él","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"coordinated with sufriendo","gloss":"loving them"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of parido","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of parido","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of parido","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"hubiera","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of parido","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"parido","lemma":"parir","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"verb of the como-si clause, modifies queriéndolos","gloss":"given birth"},{"surface":"porque","lemma":"porque","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of quiero","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of quiero","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"quiero","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the porque clause","gloss":"I love"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hombres","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"estos","lemma":"este","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of hombres","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"hombres","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of quiero (doubling los)","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking todos","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"todos","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of quiero (doubling los)","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of quiero","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"quiero","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the clause","gloss":"I love"}]},{"number":198,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s13","source":"Están encima de la tierra porque sí, cuando debían estar de otro modo.","translation":"They are on the earth just because, when they ought to be otherwise.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s13.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"porque sí","title":"«porque sí»","body":"«Porque sí» = 'just because, for no reason, because that's how it is'. (Its opposite is «porque no».) The men exist «porque sí» — pointlessly, by default — when they ought to live differently."}],"words":[{"surface":"Están","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"copula linking to encima","gloss":"They are"},{"surface":"encima","lemma":"encima","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"on top"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tierra","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of tierra","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tierra","lemma":"tierra","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of encima","gloss":"earth"},{"surface":"porque","lemma":"porque","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"forms idiom porque sí, modifies Están","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"sí","lemma":"sí","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the idiom porque sí","gloss":"so","note":"porque sí is a fixed idiom meaning 'just because, for no particular reason' — sí does not mean 'yes' here."},{"surface":"cuando","lemma":"cuando","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of debían","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"debían","lemma":"deber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of estar","gloss":"ought"},{"surface":"estar","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, infinitive","role":"complement of debían","gloss":"to be"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking modo","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"otro","lemma":"otro","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of modo","gloss":"another"},{"surface":"modo","lemma":"modo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of estar","gloss":"way"}]},{"number":199,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s14","source":"Y sin embargo los quiero.","translation":"And yet I love them.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s14.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links to the previous sentence","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"preposition","role":"forms idiom sin embargo (yet), modifies quiero","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"embargo","lemma":"embargo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"part of the idiom sin embargo","gloss":"nevertheless","note":"sin embargo is a fixed phrase meaning 'nevertheless, yet' — embargo is a false friend, unrelated to English 'embargo'."},{"surface":"los","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of quiero","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"quiero","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I love"}]},{"number":200,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s15","source":"Lo estoy sintiendo ahora.","translation":"I am feeling it now.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s15.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Lo","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of sintiendo","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"estoy","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of sintiendo","gloss":"am"},{"surface":"sintiendo","lemma":"sentir","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"feeling"},{"surface":"ahora","lemma":"ahora","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sintiendo","gloss":"now"}]},{"number":201,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s16","source":"Quiero a la humanidad.","translation":"I love humanity.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s16.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Quiero","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I love"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking humanidad","gloss":"to","note":"This is the 'personal a', required before a human/personified direct object — it isn't translated on its own."},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of humanidad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"humanidad","lemma":"humanidad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of Quiero","gloss":"humanity"}]},{"number":202,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s17","source":"Los quiero a todos como si todos estuvieran atados a mi corazón con un hilo fino.","translation":"I love them all as if they were all tied to my heart by a thin thread.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s17.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"como si … estuvieran","title":"«como si» + imperfect subjunctive","body":"«Como si todos estuvieran atados…» = 'as if they were all tied…'. «Como si» takes the subjunctive; the imperfect subjunctive «estuvieran» frames an unreal present comparison — they are not really tied to his heart, but he feels it so."}],"words":[{"surface":"Los","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of quiero","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"quiero","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I love"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking todos","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"todos","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of quiero (doubling Los)","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of atados","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of atados","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"todos","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of estuvieran","gloss":"they all"},{"surface":"estuvieran","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, plural","role":"copula linking to atados","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"atados","lemma":"atado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"predicate complement of estuvieran, head of the como si clause","gloss":"tied"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking corazón","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"mi","lemma":"mi","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of corazón","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"corazón","lemma":"corazón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of atados","gloss":"heart"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hilo","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hilo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"hilo","lemma":"hilo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of atados","gloss":"thread"},{"surface":"fino","lemma":"fino","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies hilo","gloss":"thin"}]},{"number":203,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s18","source":"Y por ese hilo se llevan mi sangre, mi vida, y sin embargo, a pesar de todo, hay tanta vida en mí, que quisiera que fueran muchos millones más para quererlos más aun y regalarles mi vida.","translation":"And along that thread they carry off my blood, my life, and yet, in spite of everything, there is so much life in me that I should wish them to be many millions more, so as to love them even more and make them a gift of my life.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s18.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"quisiera que fueran","title":"Two subjunctives: «quisiera que fueran»","body":"«Quisiera que fueran muchos más» = 'I would wish them to be many more'. «Quisiera» is the imperfect subjunctive of «querer» used as a soft 'I would like'; it then governs another subjunctive, «fueran» ('that they be'), in the wish clause."}],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies llevan","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hilo","gloss":"along"},{"surface":"ese","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hilo","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hilo","lemma":"hilo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of llevan","gloss":"thread"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive/passive particle of llevan (llevarse = carry off)","gloss":"off"},{"surface":"llevan","lemma":"llevar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"carry"},{"surface":"mi","lemma":"mi","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of sangre","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"sangre","lemma":"sangre","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of llevan","gloss":"blood"},{"surface":"mi","lemma":"mi","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of vida","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"vida","lemma":"vida","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with sangre (second subject of llevan)","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"preposition","role":"forms idiom sin embargo (yet), modifies hay","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"embargo","lemma":"embargo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"part of the idiom sin embargo","gloss":"nevertheless"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces idiom a pesar de (in spite of), modifies hay","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"pesar","lemma":"pesar","morphology":"noun","role":"part of the idiom a pesar de","gloss":"spite"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the idiom a pesar de","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"todo","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"object of the idiom a pesar de","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"hay","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the clause (existential 'hay')","gloss":"there is"},{"surface":"tanta","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of vida","gloss":"so much"},{"surface":"vida","lemma":"vida","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of hay","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mí","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"mí","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"oblique complement of hay","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the consecutive clause (tanta...que) modifying vida","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"quisiera","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, subjunctive, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the que clause","gloss":"would wish"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fueran","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"fueran","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, plural","role":"copula linking to millones","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"muchos","lemma":"mucho","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of millones","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"millones","lemma":"millón","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"predicate complement of fueran","gloss":"millions"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies millones","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the purpose clause of quererlos","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"quererlos","lemma":"querer él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"purpose infinitive clause, modifies quisiera","gloss":"to love them"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies quererlos","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"aun","lemma":"aun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies más (más aun = even more)","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"regalarles","lemma":"regalar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"coordinated with quererlos","gloss":"give them"},{"surface":"mi","lemma":"mi","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of vida","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"vida","lemma":"vida","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of regalarles","gloss":"life"}]},{"number":204,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s19","source":"Sí, regalársela como un cigarrillo.","translation":"Yes, to give it to them as a gift, like a cigarette.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s19.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"regalársela","title":"Two pronouns on the infinitive","body":"«Regalársela» = «regalar» + «se» (= 'to them', from «les» → «se» before «la») + «la» (= 'it', his life). 'To give it to them.' When two object pronouns meet, «le/les» becomes «se»; both attach to the infinitive."}],"words":[{"surface":"Sí","lemma":"sí","morphology":"interjection","role":"modifies regalársela","gloss":"Yes"},{"surface":"regalársela","lemma":"regalar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main predicate of the sentence (infinitive continuing quisiera)","gloss":"give it to them","note":"regalársela combines regalar + se (to them) + la (it) — an elliptical infinitive continuing the wish (quisiera) from the previous sentence."},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of cigarrillo","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cigarrillo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"cigarrillo","lemma":"cigarrillo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of regalársela","gloss":"cigarette"}]},{"number":205,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s20","source":"Ahora me explico el Cristo.","translation":"Now I understand Christ.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p66-s20.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"me explico","title":"«explicarse» = 'to understand'","body":"«Ahora me explico el Cristo» = 'now I understand / can account to myself for Christ'. The pronominal «explicarse» means 'to make sense of, comprehend' — to explain something to oneself."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ahora","lemma":"ahora","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies explico","gloss":"Now"},{"surface":"me","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, reflexive, singular","role":"reflexive dative of explico","gloss":"myself"},{"surface":"explico","lemma":"explicar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"understand","note":"explicarse algo idiomatically means 'to make sense of, to understand something,' not literally 'to explain something to oneself.'"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Cristo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Cristo","lemma":"Cristo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of explico","gloss":"Christ"}]},{"number":206,"label":"67","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p67-s1","source":"¡Cuánto debió quererla a la humanidad!","translation":"How He must have loved humanity!","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p67-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"debió quererla","title":"«deber» of supposition (past)","body":"«¡Cuánto debió quererla!» = 'how He must have loved her [= humanity]!'. «Deber» + infinitive (without «de») here expresses inference about the past — 'must have'. «La» doubles the later object «a la humanidad»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Cuánto","lemma":"cuánto","morphology":"adverb, exclamative","role":"modifies quererla","gloss":"How much"},{"surface":"debió","lemma":"deber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of quererla","gloss":"must have"},{"surface":"quererla","lemma":"querer él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"loved"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking humanidad","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of humanidad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"humanidad","lemma":"humanidad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of quererla","gloss":"humanity"}]},{"number":207,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p67-s2","source":"Y sin embargo soy feo.","translation":"And yet I am ugly.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p67-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies feo","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"preposition","role":"forms idiom sin embargo (yet), modifies soy","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"embargo","lemma":"embargo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"part of the idiom sin embargo","gloss":"nevertheless"},{"surface":"soy","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"copula linking to feo","gloss":"am"},{"surface":"feo","lemma":"feo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"ugly"}]},{"number":208,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p67-s3","source":"Mi enorme cara ancha es fea.","translation":"My huge wide face is ugly.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p67-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Mi","lemma":"mi","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of cara","gloss":"My"},{"surface":"enorme","lemma":"enorme","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies cara","gloss":"huge"},{"surface":"cara","lemma":"cara","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of fea","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"ancha","lemma":"ancho","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies cara","gloss":"wide"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to fea","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"fea","lemma":"feo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"ugly"}]},{"number":209,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p67-s4","source":"Y sin embargo debiera ser lindo, lindo como un dios.","translation":"And yet I ought to be handsome, handsome as a god.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p67-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"debiera ser","title":"«debiera» — soft obligation","body":"«Debiera ser lindo» = 'I ought to be handsome'. The imperfect subjunctive «debiera» (from «deber») is a gentler, more wistful 'ought to / should' than «debería» — a literary softening of the obligation. «Lindo» ('handsome, pretty') is the River Plate everyday word."}],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies lindo","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"preposition","role":"forms idiom sin embargo (yet), modifies debiera","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"embargo","lemma":"embargo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"part of the idiom sin embargo","gloss":"nevertheless"},{"surface":"debiera","lemma":"deber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of lindo","gloss":"ought"},{"surface":"ser","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, infinitive","role":"copula linking to lindo","gloss":"to be"},{"surface":"lindo","lemma":"lindo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"handsome"},{"surface":"lindo","lemma":"lindo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies lindo (emphatic repetition)","gloss":"handsome"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of dios","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of dios","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"dios","lemma":"dios","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of lindo","gloss":"god"}]},{"number":210,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p67-s5","source":"Pero mi oreja es como un repollo y mi nariz como un tremendo hueso fracturado de un puñetazo.","translation":"But my ear is like a cabbage and my nose like a tremendous bone fractured by a punch.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p67-s5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"repollo","title":"«repollo»","body":"«Repollo» = a (head of) cabbage — in the Río de la Plata the usual word, where Spain often says «col». «Mi oreja es como un repollo» = 'my ear is like a cabbage' — a self-mocking, grotesque simile."}],"words":[{"surface":"Pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"But"},{"surface":"mi","lemma":"mi","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of oreja","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"oreja","lemma":"oreja","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of repollo","gloss":"ear"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to repollo","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of repollo","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of repollo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"repollo","lemma":"repollo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"cabbage"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"mi","lemma":"mi","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of nariz","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"nariz","lemma":"nariz","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with oreja (second subject, elided es)","gloss":"nose"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hueso","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hueso","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"tremendo","lemma":"tremendo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies hueso","gloss":"tremendous"},{"surface":"hueso","lemma":"hueso","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with repollo (predicate of nariz)","gloss":"bone"},{"surface":"fracturado","lemma":"fracturado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies hueso","gloss":"fractured"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking puñetazo","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of puñetazo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"puñetazo","lemma":"puñetazo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of fracturado","gloss":"punch"}]},{"number":211,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p67-s6","source":"Pero qué importa eso.","translation":"But what does that matter.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p67-s6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"qué importa","title":"«importar» = 'to matter'","body":"«Qué importa eso» = 'what does that matter'. «Importar» means 'to matter, be of importance' as well as 'to import'. «No importa» = 'it doesn't matter' is one of its most common uses."}],"words":[{"surface":"Pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies importa","gloss":"But"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"adverb, interrogative","role":"modifies importa (rhetorical: what does it matter)","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"importa","lemma":"importar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"does matter"},{"surface":"eso","lemma":"ese","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of importa","gloss":"that"}]},{"number":212,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p67-s7","source":"Soy hombre y basta.","translation":"I am a man, and that is enough.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p67-s7.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"y basta","title":"«basta» = 'enough'","body":"«Soy hombre y basta» = 'I am a man and that's enough / and that settles it'. «Basta» (from «bastar», 'to suffice') used alone means 'enough!, that will do'. It closes the thought with finality."}],"words":[{"surface":"Soy","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"copula linking to hombre","gloss":"I am"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"a man"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"basta","lemma":"bastar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with Soy (second clause: that's enough)","gloss":"is enough"}]},{"number":213,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p67-s8","source":"Y necesito conquistar.","translation":"And I need to conquer.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p67-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies necesito","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"necesito","lemma":"necesitar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I need"},{"surface":"conquistar","lemma":"conquistar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of necesito","gloss":"to conquer"}]},{"number":214,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p67-s9","source":"Es todo.","translation":"That is all.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p67-s9.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to todo","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"todo","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"all"}]},{"number":215,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p67-s10","source":"Y no daría uno solo de mis pensamientos a cambio del amor de la más linda mujer.","translation":"And I would not give a single one of my thoughts in exchange for the love of the loveliest woman.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p67-s10.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"no daría","title":"Conditional «no daría»","body":"«No daría uno solo de mis pensamientos» = 'I would not give a single one of my thoughts'. The conditional «daría» states a hypothetical refusal. «A cambio de» = 'in exchange for'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies daría","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies daría","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"daría","lemma":"dar","morphology":"verb, conditional, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"would give"},{"surface":"uno","lemma":"uno","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of daría","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"solo","lemma":"solo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies uno","gloss":"single"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pensamientos","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"mis","lemma":"mi","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of pensamientos","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"pensamientos","lemma":"pensamiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies uno","gloss":"thoughts"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces idiom a cambio de (in exchange for), modifies daría","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"cambio","lemma":"cambio","morphology":"noun","role":"part of the idiom a cambio de","gloss":"exchange"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of amor","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"amor","lemma":"amor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of daría","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mujer","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mujer","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies linda","gloss":"most"},{"surface":"linda","lemma":"lindo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies mujer","gloss":"lovely"},{"surface":"mujer","lemma":"mujer","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies amor","gloss":"woman"}]},{"number":216,"label":"68","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p68-s1","source":"De pronto unas palabras anteriores cruzan su memoria, y el Astrólogo se dice:","translation":"Suddenly some earlier words cross his memory, and the Astrologer says to himself:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p68-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"cruzan","title":"Narrative present","body":"«Cruzan su memoria» = 'they cross his memory'. Arlt shifts here into the present tense for vividness, pulling the reader into the immediacy of the Astrologer's racing mind — a 'historical present' inside a past-tense narrative."}],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"forms idiom de pronto (suddenly), modifies cruzan","gloss":"Suddenly"},{"surface":"pronto","lemma":"pronto","morphology":"noun","role":"part of the idiom de pronto","gloss":"soon","note":"de pronto is a fixed idiom meaning 'suddenly' — pronto alone means 'soon', not 'suddenly'."},{"surface":"unas","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of palabras","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"palabras","lemma":"palabra","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of cruzan","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"anteriores","lemma":"anterior","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies palabras","gloss":"earlier"},{"surface":"cruzan","lemma":"cruzar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"cross"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of memoria","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"memoria","lemma":"memoria","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of cruzan","gloss":"memory"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of dice","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of dice","gloss":"to himself"},{"surface":"dice","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with cruzan","gloss":"says"}]},{"number":217,"label":"69","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p69-s1","source":"–¿Por qué no?...","translation":"\"Why not?...","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p69-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"¿Por qué no?","title":"«¿por qué?» vs «porque»","body":"«¿Por qué no?» = 'Why not?' — two words, with an accent on «qué», used to ask a question. Don't confuse it with «porque» (one word, no accent) = 'because', which gives the answer. This insistent «¿Por qué no?» becomes the chapter's refrain."}],"words":[{"surface":"Por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking qué","gloss":"Why"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"why"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies qué","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":218,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p69-s2","source":"Podemos fabricar cañones, como dice Erdosain.","translation":"We can manufacture cannons, as Erdosain says.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p69-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Podemos","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of fabricar","gloss":"We can"},{"surface":"fabricar","lemma":"fabricar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"manufacture"},{"surface":"cañones","lemma":"cañón","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of fabricar","gloss":"cannons"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of dice","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"dice","lemma":"decir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on fabricar","gloss":"says"},{"surface":"Erdosain","lemma":"Erdosain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of dice","gloss":"Erdosain"}]},{"number":219,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p69-s3","source":"El procedimiento es fácil.","translation":"The procedure is easy.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p69-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of procedimiento","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"procedimiento","lemma":"procedimiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of fácil","gloss":"procedure"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to fácil","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"fácil","lemma":"fácil","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"easy"}]},{"number":220,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p69-s4","source":"Además, que no es necesario que tengan una resistencia para mil descargas.","translation":"Besides, it is not necessary for them to withstand a thousand firings.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p69-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"no es necesario que tengan","title":"«es necesario que» + subjunctive","body":"«No es necesario que tengan una resistencia» = 'it is not necessary that they have / for them to have endurance'. With a specific subject («they») introduced by «que», the impersonal «es necesario» triggers the subjunctive «tengan»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Además","lemma":"además","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies necesario","gloss":"Besides"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of necesario","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies necesario","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to necesario","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"necesario","lemma":"necesario","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"necessary"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tengan","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"tengan","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, plural","role":"depends on necesario","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of resistencia","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"resistencia","lemma":"resistencia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of tengan","gloss":"resistance"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking descargas","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"mil","lemma":"mil","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies descargas","gloss":"a thousand"},{"surface":"descargas","lemma":"descarga","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of tengan","gloss":"firings"}]},{"number":221,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p69-s5","source":"Una revolución que durara ese tiempo sería un fracaso.","translation":"A revolution that lasted that long would be a failure.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p69-s5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"que durara … sería","title":"Hypothetical relative + conditional","body":"«Una revolución que durara ese tiempo sería un fracaso» = 'a revolution that lasted that long would be a failure'. The imperfect subjunctive «durara» frames a hypothetical, non-real revolution; «sería» gives its conditional result."}],"words":[{"surface":"Una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of revolución","gloss":"A"},{"surface":"revolución","lemma":"revolución","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of sería","gloss":"revolution"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of durara","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"durara","lemma":"durar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"verb of the relative clause modifying revolución","gloss":"lasted"},{"surface":"ese","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of tiempo","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"tiempo","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of durara","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"sería","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, conditional, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to fracaso","gloss":"would be"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of fracaso","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"fracaso","lemma":"fracaso","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of sería","gloss":"failure"}]},{"number":222,"label":"70","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p70-s1","source":"Las palabras callan en él.","translation":"The words fall silent within him.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p70-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"callan","title":"«callar»","body":"«Las palabras callan en él» = 'the words go silent within him'. «Callar» = 'to be/go silent, stop speaking'; the pronominal «callarse» means 'to shut up, fall quiet'. Here the words themselves are the subject."}],"words":[{"surface":"Las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of palabras","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"palabras","lemma":"palabra","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of callan","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"callan","lemma":"callar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"fall silent"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking él","gloss":"within"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of callan","gloss":"him"}]},{"number":223,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p70-s2","source":"En la oscuridad se abre hacia el interior de su cráneo un callejón sombrío, con vigas que cruzan el espacio uniendo los tinglados, mientras que entre una neblina de polvo de carbón los altos hornos, con sus atalajes de refrigeración que fingen corazas monstruosas, ocupan el espacio.","translation":"In the darkness a somber alley opens toward the inside of his skull, with beams crossing the space and joining the sheds, while amid a mist of coal dust the blast furnaces, with their cooling rigs that mimic monstrous armor, fill the space.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p70-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"altos hornos","title":"«altos hornos»","body":"«Altos hornos» = blast furnaces, the towering furnaces of a steelworks. The Astrologer's daydream literally opens 'toward the inside of his skull' into an industrial landscape of furnaces and coal dust — thought becoming heavy industry."}],"words":[{"surface":"En","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking oscuridad","gloss":"In"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of oscuridad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"oscuridad","lemma":"oscuridad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of abre","gloss":"darkness"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of abre","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"abre","lemma":"abrir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the clause before mientras que, parallel to ocupan","gloss":"opens"},{"surface":"hacia","lemma":"hacia","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking interior","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of interior","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"interior","lemma":"interior","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of abre","gloss":"inside"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cráneo","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of cráneo","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"cráneo","lemma":"cráneo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies interior","gloss":"skull"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of callejón","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"callejón","lemma":"callejón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of abre","gloss":"alley"},{"surface":"sombrío","lemma":"sombrío","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies callejón","gloss":"somber"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vigas","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"vigas","lemma":"viga","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies callejón","gloss":"beams"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of cruzan","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"cruzan","lemma":"cruzar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"clause modifying vigas","gloss":"cross"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of espacio","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"espacio","lemma":"espacio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of cruzan","gloss":"space"},{"surface":"uniendo","lemma":"unir","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"gerund clause coordinated with cruzan","gloss":"joining"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of tinglados","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tinglados","lemma":"tinglado","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of uniendo","gloss":"sheds"},{"surface":"mientras","lemma":"mientras","morphology":"conjunction","role":"head of the phrase mientras que","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase mientras que","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"entre","lemma":"entre","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking neblina","gloss":"amid"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of neblina","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"neblina","lemma":"neblina","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of ocupan","gloss":"mist"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking polvo","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"polvo","lemma":"polvo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies neblina","gloss":"dust"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking carbón","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"carbón","lemma":"carbón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies polvo","gloss":"coal"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of hornos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"altos","lemma":"alto","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies hornos","gloss":"blast","note":"Alto horno is a fixed technical compound meaning \"blast furnace,\" literally \"tall oven.\""},{"surface":"hornos","lemma":"horno","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of ocupan","gloss":"furnaces"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking atalajes","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of atalajes","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"atalajes","lemma":"atalaje","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies hornos","gloss":"rigs"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking refrigeración","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"refrigeración","lemma":"refrigeración","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies atalajes","gloss":"cooling"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of fingen","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"fingen","lemma":"fingir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"clause modifying atalajes","gloss":"mimic"},{"surface":"corazas","lemma":"coraza","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of fingen","gloss":"armor"},{"surface":"monstruosas","lemma":"monstruoso","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies corazas","gloss":"monstrous"},{"surface":"ocupan","lemma":"ocupar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the mientras que clause","gloss":"fill"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of espacio","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"espacio","lemma":"espacio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of ocupan","gloss":"space"}]},{"number":224,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p70-s3","source":"Nubes de fuego escapan de los tragantes blindados y la selva más allá se extiende tupida e impenetrable.","translation":"Clouds of fire escape from the armored furnace throats, and the jungle beyond stretches dense and impenetrable.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p70-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"tragantes","title":"«tragante»","body":"A «tragante» is the throat or charging mouth of a furnace (also a drain's mouth) — from «tragar», 'to swallow'. «Tragantes blindados» = 'armored furnace throats', belching fire. The industrial vision turns molten and monstrous."}],"words":[{"surface":"Nubes","lemma":"nube","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of escapan","gloss":"Clouds"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fuego","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"fuego","lemma":"fuego","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Nubes","gloss":"fire"},{"surface":"escapan","lemma":"escapar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"escape"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tragantes","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of tragantes","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tragantes","lemma":"tragante","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of escapan","gloss":"throats"},{"surface":"blindados","lemma":"blindado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies tragantes","gloss":"armored"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of selva","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"selva","lemma":"selva","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of extiende","gloss":"jungle"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies allá","gloss":"further"},{"surface":"allá","lemma":"allá","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies extiende","gloss":"beyond"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of extiende","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"extiende","lemma":"extender","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the second clause, coordinated with escapan","gloss":"stretches"},{"surface":"tupida","lemma":"tupido","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"predicative complement of extiende, modifies selva","gloss":"dense"},{"surface":"e","lemma":"e","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"impenetrable","lemma":"impenetrable","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"coordinated with tupida","gloss":"impenetrable"}]},{"number":225,"label":"71","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p71-s1","source":"El Astrólogo siente recobrada su personalidad, que le sensación del tiempo extraño le había arrebatado.","translation":"The Astrologer feels his personality recovered — the personality that the sensation of strange time had torn away from him.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p71-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"siente recobrada","title":"«sentir» + participle","body":"«Siente recobrada su personalidad» = 'he feels his personality recovered'. The participle «recobrada» (from «recobrar», 'to recover, regain') agrees with «personalidad» and works as a result-state: he feels it as something now regained."}],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of siente","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"siente","lemma":"sentir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"feels"},{"surface":"recobrada","lemma":"recobrado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"predicate adjective describing personalidad (object of siente)","gloss":"recovered"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of personalidad","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"personalidad","lemma":"personalidad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of siente","gloss":"personality"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of arrebatado (relative pronoun referring to personalidad)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of sensación","gloss":"the","note":"Functions here as the article \"la\" agreeing with sensación, not as the dative pronoun \"le\" used later in the sentence."},{"surface":"sensación","lemma":"sensación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of arrebatado","gloss":"sensation"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tiempo","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"tiempo","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies sensación","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"extraño","lemma":"extraño","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies tiempo","gloss":"strange"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of arrebatado","gloss":"from him"},{"surface":"había","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of arrebatado","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"arrebatado","lemma":"arrebatar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the relative clause (que ... había arrebatado), modifies personalidad","gloss":"torn away"}]},{"number":226,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p71-s2","source":"Piensa, piensa que es posible fabricar acero níquel y construir cañones de tubos enchufados.","translation":"He thinks, he thinks that it is possible to manufacture nickel steel and to build cannons with telescoped tubes.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p71-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"enchufados","title":"«enchufado»","body":"«Enchufar» = to plug in, fit one thing into another. «Cañones de tubos enchufados» = 'cannons with telescoped/fitted tubes' (barrels socketed together). (In other contexts «enchufado» colloquially means a person who got a job through connections.)"}],"words":[{"surface":"Piensa","lemma":"pensar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb, repeated for emphasis (parallel to piensa in w2)","gloss":"He thinks","note":"Repeated for emphasis: \"piensa, piensa que\" = \"he thinks, thinks that.\""},{"surface":"piensa","lemma":"pensar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"thinks"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of posible","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to posible","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"posible","lemma":"posible","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"predicate adjective, complement of es","gloss":"possible"},{"surface":"fabricar","lemma":"fabricar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of posible","gloss":"to manufacture"},{"surface":"acero","lemma":"acero","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of fabricar","gloss":"steel"},{"surface":"níquel","lemma":"níquel","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies acero (nickel steel)","gloss":"nickel"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"construir","lemma":"construir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"coordinated with fabricar","gloss":"to build"},{"surface":"cañones","lemma":"cañón","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of construir","gloss":"cannons"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tubos","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"tubos","lemma":"tubo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies cañones","gloss":"tubes"},{"surface":"enchufados","lemma":"enchufado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies tubos","gloss":"telescoped","note":"Enchufado usually means \"plugged in\" (electrically); here it describes tubes fitted together, rendered as \"telescoped.\""}]},{"number":227,"label":"72","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p72-s1","source":"¿Por qué no?","translation":"Why not?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p72-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking qué","gloss":"Why"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"why"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies qué","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":228,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p72-s2","source":"Su pensamiento se desliza ahora sobre los obstáculos con flexibilidad.","translation":"His thought now slides over the obstacles with flexibility.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p72-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of pensamiento","gloss":"His"},{"surface":"pensamiento","lemma":"pensamiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of desliza","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of desliza","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"desliza","lemma":"deslizar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"slides"},{"surface":"ahora","lemma":"ahora","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies desliza","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"sobre","lemma":"sobre","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking obstáculos","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of obstáculos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"obstáculos","lemma":"obstáculo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of desliza","gloss":"obstacles"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking flexibilidad","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"flexibilidad","lemma":"flexibilidad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies obstáculos","gloss":"flexibility"}]},{"number":229,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p72-s3","source":"Entonces con el dinero suministrado por los prostíbulos se comprarían en los diversos puntos de la República terrenos a un precio insignificante.","translation":"Then, with the money supplied by the brothels, plots of land would be bought at various points of the Republic for an insignificant price.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p72-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se comprarían","title":"Passive «se» in the conditional","body":"«Se comprarían… terrenos» = 'plots of land would be bought'. The passive «se» plus conditional «comprarían» states a hypothetical future purchase with no named buyer — 'land would be bought'. The subject «terrenos» follows the verb."}],"words":[{"surface":"Entonces","lemma":"entonces","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies comprarían","gloss":"Then"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dinero","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of dinero","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"dinero","lemma":"dinero","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of comprarían","gloss":"money"},{"surface":"suministrado","lemma":"suministrado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies dinero","gloss":"supplied"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking prostíbulos","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of prostíbulos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"prostíbulos","lemma":"prostíbulo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"agent of suministrado (passive)","gloss":"brothels"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"passive-reflexive particle of comprarían","gloss":"(passive)"},{"surface":"comprarían","lemma":"comprar","morphology":"verb, conditional, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"would be bought"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking puntos","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of puntos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"diversos","lemma":"diverso","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies puntos","gloss":"various"},{"surface":"puntos","lemma":"punto","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of comprarían","gloss":"points"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking República","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of República","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"República","lemma":"República","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies puntos","gloss":"Republic"},{"surface":"terrenos","lemma":"terreno","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of comprarían (passive-reflexive; delayed to the end of the sentence)","gloss":"plots of land","note":"Grammatical subject of se comprarían, placed late in the sentence — \"terrenos\" is what \"would be bought.\""},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking precio","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of precio","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"precio","lemma":"precio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of comprarían","gloss":"price"},{"surface":"insignificante","lemma":"insignificante","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies precio","gloss":"insignificant"}]},{"number":230,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p72-s4","source":"Allí los miembros de la logia pondrían las bases de cemento armado para emplazar las piezas de artillería, simulándose construcciones de galpones para conservar cereales.","translation":"There the members of the lodge would lay the reinforced-concrete foundations to emplace the artillery pieces, the whole thing disguised as the building of sheds for storing grain.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p72-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Allí","lemma":"allí","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies pondrían","gloss":"There"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of miembros","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"miembros","lemma":"miembro","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of pondrían","gloss":"members"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking logia","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of logia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"logia","lemma":"logia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies miembros","gloss":"lodge"},{"surface":"pondrían","lemma":"poner","morphology":"verb, conditional, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"would lay"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of bases","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"bases","lemma":"base","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of pondrían","gloss":"foundations"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cemento","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"cemento","lemma":"cemento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies bases","gloss":"concrete"},{"surface":"armado","lemma":"armado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies cemento","gloss":"reinforced"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the purpose clause of emplazar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"emplazar","lemma":"emplazar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"purpose clause modifying pondrían","gloss":"to emplace"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of piezas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"piezas","lemma":"pieza","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of emplazar","gloss":"pieces"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking artillería","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"artillería","lemma":"artillería","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies piezas","gloss":"artillery"},{"surface":"simulándose","lemma":"simular","morphology":"verb, gerund, reflexive (passive)","role":"passive-reflexive gerund clause, adverbial on pondrían","gloss":"disguised as","note":"Passive-reflexive gerund: \"constructions are being simulated,\" i.e. made to look like something else."},{"surface":"construcciones","lemma":"construcción","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of simulándose (passive-reflexive)","gloss":"buildings"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking galpones","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"galpones","lemma":"galpón","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies construcciones","gloss":"sheds"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the purpose clause of conservar","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"conservar","lemma":"conservar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"purpose clause modifying galpones","gloss":"to store"},{"surface":"cereales","lemma":"cereal","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of conservar","gloss":"grain"}]},{"number":231,"label":"73","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p73-s1","source":"Le exaltaba la posibilidad de crear un ejército revolucionario dentro del país, que se sublevaría mediante una señal radiotelefónica.","translation":"He was thrilled by the possibility of creating a revolutionary army within the country, one that would rise up at a single radiotelephone signal.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p73-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Le exaltaba","title":"«exaltar» with indirect object","body":"«Le exaltaba la posibilidad» = 'the possibility excited/thrilled him'. The grammatical subject is «la posibilidad»; «le» ('him') is the one affected. Like «gustar», these verbs put the cause first and the experiencer as indirect object."}],"words":[{"surface":"Le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"dative experiencer of exaltaba (psych-verb construction like gustar/encantar — the possibility is the stimulus, le is the experiencer), not leísmo","gloss":"him","note":"Le exaltaba la posibilidad = 'the possibility thrilled him,' the same dative-experiencer pattern as gustar/encantar/preocupar, not leísmo. Leísmo (le substituting for accusative lo/la) is essentially absent from Rioplatense Spanish, the register of this text, so labeling standard psych-verb dative marking as leísmo is a mischaracterization that could mislead a learner about the dialect."},{"surface":"exaltaba","lemma":"exaltar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"thrilled"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of posibilidad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"posibilidad","lemma":"posibilidad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of exaltaba","gloss":"possibility"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of crear","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"crear","lemma":"crear","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clause modifying posibilidad","gloss":"creating"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ejército","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ejército","lemma":"ejército","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of crear","gloss":"army"},{"surface":"revolucionario","lemma":"revolucionario","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies ejército","gloss":"revolutionary"},{"surface":"dentro","lemma":"dentro","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ejército (location)","gloss":"within"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking país","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"país","lemma":"país","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of dentro","gloss":"country"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of sublevaría","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of sublevaría","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"sublevaría","lemma":"sublevar","morphology":"verb, conditional, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying ejército","gloss":"would rise up"},{"surface":"mediante","lemma":"mediante","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking señal","gloss":"by means of"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of señal","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"señal","lemma":"señal","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of sublevaría","gloss":"signal"},{"surface":"radiotelefónica","lemma":"radiotelefónico","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies señal","gloss":"radiotelephone"}]},{"number":232,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p73-s2","source":"¿Por qué no?","translation":"Why not?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p73-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking qué","gloss":"Why"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"why"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies qué","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":233,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p73-s3","source":"Acero, cromo, níquel.","translation":"Steel, chrome, nickel.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p73-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Acero","lemma":"acero","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Steel"},{"surface":"cromo","lemma":"cromo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with Acero","gloss":"chrome"},{"surface":"níquel","lemma":"níquel","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with Acero","gloss":"nickel"}]},{"number":234,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p73-s4","source":"Como un sortilegio la palabra hiende su imaginación.","translation":"Like a magic spell the word cleaves his imagination.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p73-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"sortilegio","title":"«sortilegio»","body":"«Sortilegio» = a spell, charm, piece of sorcery. «Como un sortilegio la palabra hiende su imaginación» = the words 'steel, chrome, nickel' act on him 'like a spell'. «Hender» = to cleave, split."}],"words":[{"surface":"Como","lemma":"como","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sortilegio (comparative, \"like\")","gloss":"Like"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of sortilegio","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"sortilegio","lemma":"sortilegio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of hiende","gloss":"spell"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of palabra","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"palabra","lemma":"palabra","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of hiende","gloss":"word"},{"surface":"hiende","lemma":"hender","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"cleaves"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of imaginación","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"imaginación","lemma":"imaginación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of hiende","gloss":"imagination"}]},{"number":235,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p73-s5","source":"Acero, cromo, níquel.","translation":"Steel, chrome, nickel.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p73-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Acero","lemma":"acero","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Steel"},{"surface":"cromo","lemma":"cromo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with Acero","gloss":"chrome"},{"surface":"níquel","lemma":"níquel","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with Acero","gloss":"nickel"}]},{"number":236,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p73-s6","source":"Cada jefe de célula estaría a cargo de una batería.","translation":"Each cell leader would be in charge of a battery.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p73-s6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"estaría a cargo de","title":"«estar a cargo de»","body":"«Estaría a cargo de una batería» = 'would be in charge of a battery'. The phrase «estar a cargo de» = 'to be in charge of, responsible for'. The conditional «estaría» keeps the whole plan in the hypothetical."}],"words":[{"surface":"Cada","lemma":"cada","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of jefe","gloss":"Each"},{"surface":"jefe","lemma":"jefe","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of estaría","gloss":"leader"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking célula","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"célula","lemma":"célula","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies jefe","gloss":"cell"},{"surface":"estaría","lemma":"estar","morphology":"auxiliary verb, conditional, third-person, singular","role":"main verb, copula of the idiom a cargo de","gloss":"would be"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the idiom a cargo de (in charge of)","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"cargo","lemma":"cargo","morphology":"noun","role":"part of the idiom a cargo de (in charge of)","gloss":"charge","note":"Estar a cargo de is a fixed idiom meaning \"to be in charge of.\""},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the idiom a cargo de, marking batería","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of batería","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"batería","lemma":"batería","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of de (a cargo de)","gloss":"battery"}]},{"number":237,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p73-s7","source":"¿Qué es necesario, en resumen?","translation":"What is necessary, in short?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p73-s7.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"en resumen","title":"«en resumen»","body":"«En resumen» = 'in short, to sum up, in summary'. A discourse connector that signals the speaker is boiling the point down to essentials — here, the Astrologer cutting his plan to its core."}],"words":[{"surface":"Qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"What"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to necesario","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"necesario","lemma":"necesario","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate adjective, complement of es","gloss":"necessary"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking resumen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"resumen","lemma":"resumen","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of necesario (idiom en resumen = in short)","gloss":"short"}]},{"number":238,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p73-s8","source":"Que los cañones disparen quinientos, cuatrocientos proyectiles.","translation":"That the cannons fire five hundred, four hundred projectiles.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p73-s8.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Que … disparen","title":"«que» + subjunctive (requirement)","body":"«Que los cañones disparen…» = 'that the cannons should fire…'. Answering 'what is necessary?', this elliptical «que» + subjunctive («disparen») states the requirement — 'all that's needed is that the cannons fire…'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of disparen","gloss":"That"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of cañones","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cañones","lemma":"cañón","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of disparen","gloss":"cannons"},{"surface":"disparen","lemma":"disparar","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"fire"},{"surface":"quinientos","lemma":"quinientos","morphology":"numeral, masculine, plural","role":"quantifies proyectiles","gloss":"five hundred"},{"surface":"cuatrocientos","lemma":"cuatrocientos","morphology":"numeral, masculine, plural","role":"quantifies proyectiles","gloss":"four hundred"},{"surface":"proyectiles","lemma":"proyectil","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of disparen","gloss":"projectiles"}]},{"number":239,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p73-s9","source":"Y los automóviles con ametralladoras.","translation":"And the cars with machine guns.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p73-s9.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ametralladoras","title":"«ametralladora»","body":"«Ametralladora» = machine gun (from «metralla», 'shrapnel, grapeshot'). It becomes a fixation in the monologue: with one machine gun, the Astrologer reasons, ten men can terrorize a town."}],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of automóviles","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"automóviles","lemma":"automóvil","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"cars"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ametralladoras","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"ametralladoras","lemma":"ametralladora","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies automóviles","gloss":"machine guns"}]},{"number":240,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p73-s10","source":"¿Por qué no?","translation":"Why not?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p73-s10.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking qué","gloss":"Why"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"why"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies qué","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":241,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p73-s11","source":"Cada diez hombres una ametralladora, un automóvil, un cañón.","translation":"For every ten men, one machine gun, one car, one cannon.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p73-s11.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Cada","lemma":"cada","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of hombres","gloss":"Every"},{"surface":"diez","lemma":"diez","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies hombres","gloss":"ten"},{"surface":"hombres","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of ametralladora","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"ametralladora","lemma":"ametralladora","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated item in the list (elliptical verb, per cada diez hombres)","gloss":"machine gun"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of automóvil","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"automóvil","lemma":"automóvil","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated item in the list (elliptical verb, per cada diez hombres)","gloss":"car"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cañón","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"cañón","lemma":"cañón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated item in the list (elliptical verb, per cada diez hombres)","gloss":"cannon"}]},{"number":242,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p73-s12","source":"¿Por qué no ensayar?","translation":"Why not give it a try?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p73-s12.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ensayar","title":"«ensayar»","body":"«Ensayar» = to try out, test, rehearse, attempt. «¿Por qué no ensayar?» = 'why not try it / give it a go?'. (A related noun, «ensayo», means both a 'trial/rehearsal' and a literary 'essay'.) This too becomes a refrain."}],"words":[{"surface":"Por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking qué","gloss":"Why"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"modifies ensayar (part of por qué)","gloss":"why"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ensayar","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ensayar","lemma":"ensayar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"try"}]},{"number":243,"label":"74","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p74-s1","source":"Lentamente, en el fondo de la negra noche, un gigantesco huevo de acero al rojo blanco, entre dos columnas, dobla lentamente su punta hacia una cúpula.","translation":"Slowly, in the depths of the black night, a gigantic egg of white-hot steel, between two columns, slowly bends its tip toward a dome.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p74-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"al rojo blanco","title":"«al rojo blanco»","body":"«Al rojo blanco» = white-hot (heated past red to white). Spanish grades metal heat as «al rojo» (red-hot) and «al rojo blanco» (white-hot). The 'gigantic egg of white-hot steel' is the Bessemer converter named just below."}],"words":[{"surface":"Lentamente","lemma":"lentamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dobla","gloss":"Slowly"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fondo","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of fondo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"fondo","lemma":"fondo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of dobla","gloss":"depths"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking noche","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of noche","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"negra","lemma":"negro","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies noche","gloss":"black"},{"surface":"noche","lemma":"noche","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of de, modifies fondo","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of huevo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gigantesco","lemma":"gigantesco","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies huevo","gloss":"gigantic"},{"surface":"huevo","lemma":"huevo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of dobla","gloss":"egg"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking acero","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"acero","lemma":"acero","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies huevo","gloss":"steel"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rojo","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"rojo","lemma":"rojo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"part of the idiom al rojo blanco (white-hot), modifies acero","gloss":"red","note":"Al rojo blanco is a fixed idiom for \"white-hot\" (intensified from al rojo vivo, \"red-hot\")."},{"surface":"blanco","lemma":"blanco","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies rojo","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"entre","lemma":"entre","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking columnas","gloss":"between"},{"surface":"dos","lemma":"dos","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies columnas","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"columnas","lemma":"columna","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of dobla","gloss":"columns"},{"surface":"dobla","lemma":"doblar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"bends"},{"surface":"lentamente","lemma":"lentamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dobla","gloss":"slowly"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of punta","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"punta","lemma":"punta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of dobla","gloss":"tip"},{"surface":"hacia","lemma":"hacia","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cúpula","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cúpula","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"cúpula","lemma":"cúpula","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of dobla","gloss":"dome"}]},{"number":244,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p74-s2","source":"Es el convertidor de Bessemer accionado por un pistón hidráulico.","translation":"It is the Bessemer converter, driven by a hydraulic piston.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p74-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to convertidor","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of convertidor","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"convertidor","lemma":"convertidor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"converter"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Bessemer","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Bessemer","lemma":"Bessemer","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies convertidor","gloss":"Bessemer"},{"surface":"accionado","lemma":"accionado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies convertidor","gloss":"driven"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pistón","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of pistón","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"pistón","lemma":"pistón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"agent of accionado (passive)","gloss":"piston"},{"surface":"hidráulico","lemma":"hidráulico","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies pistón","gloss":"hydraulic"}]},{"number":245,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p74-s3","source":"Un torrente de chispas y llamas ardientes se escapa de la punta del huevo de acero.","translation":"A torrent of sparks and burning flames escapes from the tip of the steel egg.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p74-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of torrente","gloss":"A"},{"surface":"torrente","lemma":"torrente","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of escapa","gloss":"torrent"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking chispas","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"chispas","lemma":"chispa","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies torrente","gloss":"sparks"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"llamas","lemma":"llama","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"coordinated with chispas","gloss":"flames"},{"surface":"ardientes","lemma":"ardiente","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies llamas","gloss":"burning"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of escapa","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"escapa","lemma":"escapar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"escapes"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking punta","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of punta","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"punta","lemma":"punta","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of escapa","gloss":"tip"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking huevo","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"huevo","lemma":"huevo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies punta","gloss":"egg"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking acero","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"acero","lemma":"acero","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies huevo","gloss":"steel"}]},{"number":246,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p74-s4","source":"Es el hierro que se convierte en acero soliviantado en la base por un chorro de aire de centenares de atmósferas de presión.","translation":"It is the iron turning into steel, stirred up at the base by a jet of air at hundreds of atmospheres of pressure.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p74-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se convierte en","title":"«convertirse en»","body":"«El hierro que se convierte en acero» = 'the iron that turns into steel'. The pronominal «convertirse en + noun» means 'to turn into, become' (a thing). Don't drop the «en»: «convertirse en acero», not «convertirse acero»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to hierro","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hierro","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hierro","lemma":"hierro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"iron"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of convierte","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of convierte","gloss":"(reflexive)","note":"Pronominal 'se': 'convertirse en' = 'to turn into' (not a true reflexive action)."},{"surface":"convierte","lemma":"convertir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying hierro","gloss":"turns into"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking acero","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"acero","lemma":"acero","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of convierte (via en)","gloss":"steel"},{"surface":"soliviantado","lemma":"soliviantar","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies hierro","gloss":"stirred up","note":"Soliviantar = to stir up/agitate; a literary word, here describing the iron being churned at the base as it converts."},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking base","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of base","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"base","lemma":"base","morphology":"noun, singular","role":"oblique complement of soliviantado","gloss":"base"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking chorro","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of chorro","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"chorro","lemma":"chorro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of soliviantado","gloss":"jet"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking aire","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"aire","lemma":"aire","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies chorro","gloss":"air"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking centenares","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"centenares","lemma":"centenar","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies aire","gloss":"hundreds"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking atmósferas","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"atmósferas","lemma":"atmósfera","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies centenares","gloss":"atmospheres"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking presión","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"presión","lemma":"presión","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies atmósferas","gloss":"pressure"}]},{"number":247,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p74-s5","source":"Acero, cromo, níquel.","translation":"Steel, chrome, nickel.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p74-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Acero","lemma":"acero","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Steel"},{"surface":"cromo","lemma":"cromo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with Acero","gloss":"chrome"},{"surface":"níquel","lemma":"níquel","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with Acero","gloss":"nickel"}]},{"number":248,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p74-s6","source":"¿Por qué no ensayar?","translation":"Why not give it a try?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p74-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking qué","gloss":"why","note":"'¿Por qué...?' together is the fixed idiom 'why...?'"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"oblique complement of ensayar","gloss":"why"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ensayar","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ensayar","lemma":"ensayar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"try"}]},{"number":249,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p74-s7","source":"Su pensamiento se fija en cien detalles.","translation":"His thought fixes on a hundred details.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p74-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of pensamiento","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"pensamiento","lemma":"pensamiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of fija","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of fija","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"fija","lemma":"fijar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"fixes"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking detalles","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"cien","lemma":"cien","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies detalles","gloss":"a hundred"},{"surface":"detalles","lemma":"detalle","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of fija","gloss":"details"}]},{"number":250,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p74-s8","source":"No ha mucho la voz de adentro le ha preguntado:","translation":"Not long ago the voice from within asked him:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p74-s8.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"No ha mucho","title":"«no ha mucho»","body":"«No ha mucho» = 'not long ago' — a fixed, literary expression using «haber» impersonally for elapsed time (cf. «tiempo ha», 'long ago'). Everyday Spanish would say «hace poco»."}],"words":[{"surface":"No","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ha","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"haber","morphology":"impersonal verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"impersonal verb in the idiom no ha mucho","gloss":"has been","note":"'No ha mucho' is an archaic/literary idiom meaning 'not long ago.'"},{"surface":"mucho","lemma":"mucho","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ha","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of voz","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"voz","lemma":"voz","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of preguntado","gloss":"voice"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking adentro","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"adentro","lemma":"adentro","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies voz","gloss":"within"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of preguntado","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of preguntado","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"preguntado","lemma":"preguntar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence, with ha (w9) as auxiliary","gloss":"asked"}]},{"number":251,"label":"75","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p75-s1","source":"–¿Por qué motivo la felicidad humana ocupa tan poco espacio?","translation":"\"For what reason does human happiness take up so little space?\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p75-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"¿Por qué motivo?","title":"«¿por qué motivo?»","body":"«¿Por qué motivo…?» = 'for what reason…?'. A slightly more formal, weighted way to ask 'why?' than the bare «¿por qué?» — fitting for the solemn inner 'voice' that poses the question."}],"words":[{"surface":"Por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking motivo","gloss":"For"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"determiner","role":"part of the phrase Por","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"motivo","lemma":"motivo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of ocupa","gloss":"reason"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of felicidad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"felicidad","lemma":"felicidad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of ocupa","gloss":"happiness"},{"surface":"humana","lemma":"humano","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies felicidad","gloss":"human"},{"surface":"ocupa","lemma":"ocupar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"takes up"},{"surface":"tan","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies poco","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"poco","lemma":"poco","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"modifies espacio","gloss":"little"},{"surface":"espacio","lemma":"espacio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of ocupa","gloss":"space"}]},{"number":252,"label":"76","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p76-s1","source":"Esta verdad le entristece la vida.","translation":"This truth saddens his life.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p76-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"le entristece","title":"«entristecer» + indirect object","body":"«Le entristece la vida» = 'it saddens his life' / 'it makes his life sad for him'. «Entristecer» ('to sadden') takes «le» for the person affected. The «-ecer» ending forms many such 'become/make' verbs from adjectives («triste» → «entristecer»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Esta","lemma":"este","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of verdad","gloss":"This"},{"surface":"verdad","lemma":"verdad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of entristece","gloss":"truth"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of entristece (dative of possession)","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"entristece","lemma":"entristecer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"saddens"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of vida","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"vida","lemma":"vida","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of entristece","gloss":"life"}]},{"number":253,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p76-s2","source":"El mundo debía ser de unos pocos.","translation":"The world ought to belong to a few.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p76-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ser de","title":"«ser de» = belonging","body":"«El mundo debía ser de unos pocos» = 'the world ought to belong to a few'. «Ser de» + person expresses possession ('to belong to'). «Debía» ('ought to') gives the wished-for, not actual, state."}],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of mundo","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"mundo","lemma":"mundo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of ser","gloss":"world"},{"surface":"debía","lemma":"deber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of ser","gloss":"ought"},{"surface":"ser","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, infinitive","role":"copula linking to pocos","gloss":"belong"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pocos","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"unos","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of pocos","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"pocos","lemma":"poco","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"few"}]},{"number":254,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p76-s3","source":"Y estos pocos caminar con pasos de gigantes.","translation":"And these few should walk with the steps of giants.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p76-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"caminar","title":"Bare infinitive carrying over «debía»","body":"«Y estos pocos caminar con pasos de gigantes» — the infinitive «caminar» picks up the modal «debía» from the previous sentence: '[ought] to walk'. Spanish can let one modal govern a following bare infinitive across the break, an elliptical, oratorical effect."}],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"estos","lemma":"este","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of pocos","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"pocos","lemma":"poco","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of caminar","gloss":"few"},{"surface":"caminar","lemma":"caminar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"should walk","note":"Infinitive used with an implied 'should' (elliptical command), continuing the manifesto-like list of demands."},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pasos","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"pasos","lemma":"paso","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of caminar","gloss":"steps"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gigantes","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"gigantes","lemma":"gigante","morphology":"noun, plural","role":"modifies pasos","gloss":"giants"}]},{"number":255,"label":"77","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p77-s1","source":"Es necesario crearse la complicación.","translation":"It is necessary to create complication for oneself.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p77-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"crearse","title":"«crearse» — the dative of interest","body":"«Crearse la complicación» = 'to create complication for oneself, to make trouble for oneself'. The reflexive «-se» here is a 'dative of interest' — the action redounds on the doer. He must deliberately make things hard, then see clearly."}],"words":[{"surface":"Es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to necesario","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"necesario","lemma":"necesario","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"necessary"},{"surface":"crearse","lemma":"crear él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"depends on necesario","gloss":"create for oneself"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of complicación","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"complicación","lemma":"complicación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of crearse","gloss":"complication"}]},{"number":256,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p77-s2","source":"Y ver claro.","translation":"And to see clearly.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p77-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ver claro","title":"«claro» as adverb","body":"«Ver claro» = 'to see clearly'. «Claro» here works adverbially (= «claramente»). Spanish often uses a bare adjective form adverbially with certain verbs: «hablar claro» ('to speak plainly'), «ver claro' ('to see clearly')."}],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies ver","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"ver","lemma":"ver","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to see"},{"surface":"claro","lemma":"claro","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ver","gloss":"clearly"}]},{"number":257,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p77-s3","source":"Primero matarlo a Barsut, después instalar el prostíbulo, la colonia en la montaña... pero ¿cómo hacer desaparecer el cadáver?","translation":"First kill Barsut, then set up the brothel, the colony in the mountains... but how to make the corpse disappear?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p77-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"hacer desaparecer","title":"«hacer» + infinitive (causative)","body":"«¿Cómo hacer desaparecer el cadáver?» = 'how to make the corpse disappear?'. «Hacer» + infinitive is the causative — 'to make/have something happen'. The dilemma of disposing of the body is what stalls his omnipotent fantasy."}],"words":[{"surface":"Primero","lemma":"primero","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies matarlo","gloss":"First"},{"surface":"matarlo","lemma":"matar él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"kill","note":"Clitic doubling: 'lo' anticipates the following direct object 'a Barsut,' common in colloquial Rioplatense Spanish."},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Barsut","gloss":"(object marker)"},{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of matarlo","gloss":"Barsut"},{"surface":"después","lemma":"después","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies instalar","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"instalar","lemma":"instalar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"coordinated with matarlo","gloss":"set up"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of prostíbulo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"prostíbulo","lemma":"prostíbulo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of instalar","gloss":"brothel"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of colonia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"colonia","lemma":"colonia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with prostíbulo","gloss":"colony"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking montaña","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of montaña","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"montaña","lemma":"montaña","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies colonia","gloss":"mountains"},{"surface":"pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"cómo","lemma":"cómo","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of hacer","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"hacer","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"coordinated with matarlo","gloss":"make"},{"surface":"desaparecer","lemma":"desaparecer","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of hacer","gloss":"disappear"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cadáver","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cadáver","lemma":"cadáver","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of desaparecer","gloss":"corpse"}]},{"number":258,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p77-s4","source":"¿No es estúpido esto de que él, el hombre que encuentra fácil construir un cañón y fabricar acero, cromo, níquel, tenga tantas dudas para hacer desaparecer un cadáver?","translation":"Isn't it stupid, this business of him — the man who finds it easy to build a cannon and to manufacture steel, chrome, nickel — having so many doubts about making a corpse disappear?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p77-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"esto de que … tenga","title":"«esto de que» + subjunctive","body":"«Esto de que él… tenga tantas dudas» = 'this business of his having so many doubts'. The expression «esto de que» ('this matter of…') introduces a fact judged or evaluated, and pulls the verb into the subjunctive «tenga»."}],"words":[{"surface":"No","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies es","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to estúpido","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"estúpido","lemma":"estúpido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"stupid"},{"surface":"esto","lemma":"este","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of tenga","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tenga","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"subject of tenga","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hombre","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition to él","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of encuentra","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"encuentra","lemma":"encontrar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying hombre","gloss":"finds"},{"surface":"fácil","lemma":"fácil","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"predicate complement of encuentra","gloss":"easy"},{"surface":"construir","lemma":"construir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of encuentra","gloss":"to build"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cañón","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"cañón","lemma":"cañón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of construir","gloss":"cannon"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fabricar","lemma":"fabricar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"coordinated with construir","gloss":"manufacture"},{"surface":"acero","lemma":"acero","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of fabricar","gloss":"steel"},{"surface":"cromo","lemma":"cromo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with acero","gloss":"chrome"},{"surface":"níquel","lemma":"níquel","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with acero","gloss":"nickel"},{"surface":"tenga","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying esto","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"tantas","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of dudas","gloss":"so many"},{"surface":"dudas","lemma":"duda","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of tenga","gloss":"doubts"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of hacer","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"hacer","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clause modifying dudas","gloss":"make"},{"surface":"desaparecer","lemma":"desaparecer","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of hacer","gloss":"disappear"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cadáver","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"cadáver","lemma":"cadáver","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of hacer","gloss":"corpse"}]},{"number":259,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p77-s5","source":"Cierto es que no debía pensar... se le quemará... quinientos grados son suficientes para destruir un cadáver contenido en un recipiente.","translation":"True, he should not be thinking... it will be burned for him... five hundred degrees are enough to destroy a corpse contained in a vessel.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p77-s5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se le quemará","title":"«se le quemará» — the involuntary se","body":"«Se le quemará» = roughly 'it will get burned (for him)'. The «se» + «le» frames the burning as something that will happen, almost of itself, to his advantage — the same 'unplanned se' seen earlier, now coldly applied to disposing of a body."}],"words":[{"surface":"Cierto","lemma":"cierto","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"True"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to Cierto","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of pensar","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies pensar","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"debía","lemma":"deber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of pensar","gloss":"should"},{"surface":"pensar","lemma":"pensar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of es","gloss":"be thinking"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive/passive particle of quemará","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"indirect object of quemará","gloss":"for him"},{"surface":"quemará","lemma":"quemar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of this clause (separated from Cierto es que... by ellipsis)","gloss":"will be burned"},{"surface":"quinientos","lemma":"quinientos","morphology":"numeral, masculine, plural","role":"quantifies grados","gloss":"five hundred"},{"surface":"grados","lemma":"grado","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of son","gloss":"degrees"},{"surface":"son","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"copula linking to suficientes","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"suficientes","lemma":"suficiente","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"predicate complement of son, describing grados","gloss":"enough"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of destruir","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"destruir","lemma":"destruir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"clause modifying suficientes","gloss":"destroy"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cadáver","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"cadáver","lemma":"cadáver","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of destruir","gloss":"corpse"},{"surface":"contenido","lemma":"contenido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies cadáver","gloss":"contained"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking recipiente","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of recipiente","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"recipiente","lemma":"recipiente","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of contenido","gloss":"vessel"}]},{"number":260,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p77-s6","source":"Quinientos grados.","translation":"Five hundred degrees.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p77-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Quinientos","lemma":"quinientos","morphology":"numeral, masculine, plural","role":"quantifies grados","gloss":"Five hundred"},{"surface":"grados","lemma":"grado","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"degrees"}]},{"number":261,"label":"78","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p78-s1","source":"El tiempo y el cansancio corren por su mente.","translation":"Time and weariness run through his mind.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p78-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of tiempo","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"tiempo","lemma":"tiempo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of corren","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cansancio","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cansancio","lemma":"cansancio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of corren","gloss":"weariness"},{"surface":"corren","lemma":"correr","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"run"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mente","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of mente","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"mente","lemma":"mente","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of corren","gloss":"mind"}]},{"number":262,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p78-s2","source":"No quisiera pensar, y de pronto la voz, la voz independiente de su boca y de su voluntad, susurra de adentro para distraerlo un poco:","translation":"He would rather not think, and suddenly the voice — the voice independent of his mouth and of his will — whispers from within to distract him a little:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p78-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"No quisiera pensar","title":"«quisiera» = soft 'would (not) like'","body":"«No quisiera pensar» = 'he would rather not think / he wouldn't want to think'. The imperfect subjunctive «quisiera» functions as a gentle, conditional 'would like' — softer and more wistful than «no quiere»."}],"words":[{"surface":"No","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies quisiera","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"quisiera","lemma":"querer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"would rather","note":"'Quisiera' is identical for 1st and 3rd person singular; the translation's 'he' confirms third person here."},{"surface":"pensar","lemma":"pensar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of quisiera","gloss":"think"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the adverbial phrase de pronto, modifying susurra","gloss":"suddenly"},{"surface":"pronto","lemma":"pronto","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase de","gloss":"suddenly"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of voz","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"voz","lemma":"voz","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"in apposition to voz, the subject of susurra","gloss":"voice"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of voz","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"voz","lemma":"voz","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of susurra","gloss":"voice"},{"surface":"independiente","lemma":"independiente","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies voz","gloss":"independent"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking boca","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of boca","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"boca","lemma":"boca","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies voz","gloss":"mouth"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking voluntad","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of voluntad","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"voluntad","lemma":"voluntad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with boca","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"susurra","lemma":"susurrar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the second clause, coordinated with quisiera pensar","gloss":"whispers"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking adentro","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"adentro","lemma":"adentro","morphology":"adverb","role":"oblique complement of susurra","gloss":"within"},{"surface":"para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of distraerlo","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"distraerlo","lemma":"distraer él","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on susurra","gloss":"distract him"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of poco","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"poco","lemma":"poco","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies distraerlo","gloss":"little"}]},{"number":263,"label":"79","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p79-s1","source":"–El movimiento revolucionario estallará a la misma hora en todos los pueblos de la República.","translation":"\"The revolutionary movement will break out at the same hour in all the towns of the Republic.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p79-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"estallará","title":"Future «estallará»","body":"«El movimiento… estallará» = 'the movement will break out / erupt'. «Estallar» = to burst, explode, break out (of war, revolution). The simple future «-á» now states the plan as settled certainty, dropping the earlier hypothetical conditionals."}],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of movimiento","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"movimiento","lemma":"movimiento","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of estallará","gloss":"movement"},{"surface":"revolucionario","lemma":"revolucionario","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies movimiento","gloss":"revolutionary"},{"surface":"estallará","lemma":"estallar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"will break out"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hora","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of hora","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"misma","lemma":"mismo","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"modifies hora","gloss":"same"},{"surface":"hora","lemma":"hora","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of estallará","gloss":"hour"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pueblos","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"todos","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"modifies pueblos","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of pueblos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"pueblos","lemma":"pueblo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of estallará","gloss":"towns"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking República","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of República","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"República","lemma":"República","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies pueblos","gloss":"Republic"}]},{"number":264,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p79-s2","source":"Asaltaremos a los cuarteles.","translation":"We will storm the barracks.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p79-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"cuarteles","title":"«cuartel»","body":"A «cuartel» is a military barracks. «Asaltar los cuarteles» = 'to storm the barracks'. Seizing the army's barracks (and its arms) is the hinge of the Astrologer's insurrection plan."}],"words":[{"surface":"Asaltaremos","lemma":"asaltar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"will storm"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cuarteles","gloss":"(object marker)"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of cuarteles","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cuarteles","lemma":"cuartel","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of Asaltaremos","gloss":"barracks"}]},{"number":265,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p79-s3","source":"Comenzaremos por fusilar a todos los que puedan alborotar un poco.","translation":"We will begin by shooting all those who might stir up any trouble.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p79-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"los que puedan alborotar","title":"Subjunctive after an indefinite antecedent","body":"«Todos los que puedan alborotar» = 'all those who might cause a disturbance'. The antecedent is indefinite ('whoever might…'), so the relative clause takes the subjunctive «puedan». «Comenzar por + infinitive» = 'to begin by doing'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Comenzaremos","lemma":"comenzar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"will begin"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of fusilar","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"fusilar","lemma":"fusilar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of Comenzaremos","gloss":"shooting"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of alborotar","gloss":"(object marker)"},{"surface":"todos","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"modifies los","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"head pronoun, antecedent of que ('those who')","gloss":"those","note":"'Los que' = 'those who,' with 'los' as an antecedent pronoun rather than a determiner."},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of alborotar","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"puedan","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of alborotar","gloss":"might"},{"surface":"alborotar","lemma":"alborotar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of fusilar","gloss":"stir up"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of poco","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"poco","lemma":"poco","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies alborotar","gloss":"bit"}]},{"number":266,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p79-s4","source":"En la capital se lanzarán días antes algunos kilogramos de tifus exantemático y de peste bubónica.","translation":"In the capital, a few kilograms of exanthematic typhus and bubonic plague will be released some days before.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p79-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se lanzarán","title":"Passive «se» + future","body":"«Se lanzarán… algunos kilogramos» = 'a few kilograms will be released'. Passive «se» with the future «lanzarán»; the subject «algunos kilogramos» follows the verb. No agent is named — the horror is stated as a clean logistical step."}],"words":[{"surface":"En","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking capital","gloss":"In"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of capital","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"capital","lemma":"capital","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of lanzarán","gloss":"capital"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive/passive particle of lanzarán","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"lanzarán","lemma":"lanzar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"will be released"},{"surface":"días","lemma":"día","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"adverbial modifier of lanzarán, with antes","gloss":"days"},{"surface":"antes","lemma":"antes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lanzarán","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"algunos","lemma":"alguno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of kilogramos","gloss":"a few"},{"surface":"kilogramos","lemma":"kilogramo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of lanzarán","gloss":"kilograms"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tifus","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"tifus","lemma":"tifus","morphology":"noun, masculine","role":"modifies kilogramos","gloss":"typhus"},{"surface":"exantemático","lemma":"exantemático","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies tifus","gloss":"exanthematic"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking peste","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"peste","lemma":"peste","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with tifus","gloss":"plague"},{"surface":"bubónica","lemma":"bubónico","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies peste","gloss":"bubonic"}]},{"number":267,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p79-s5","source":"Por medio de aeroplanos y en la noche.","translation":"By means of airplanes and at night.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p79-s5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Por medio de","title":"«por medio de»","body":"«Por medio de aeroplanos» = 'by means of airplanes'. «Por medio de» = 'by means of, through, via'. «Aeroplano» is the period word for 'airplane' (later «avión»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking aeroplanos","gloss":"By"},{"surface":"medio","lemma":"medio","morphology":"noun","role":"part of the phrase Por","gloss":"means"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase Por","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"aeroplanos","lemma":"aeroplano","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"airplanes"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking noche","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of noche","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"noche","lemma":"noche","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with aeroplanos","gloss":"night"}]},{"number":268,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p79-s6","source":"Cada célula inmediata a la capital cortará los rieles del ferrocarril.","translation":"Each cell next to the capital will cut the railway rails.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p79-s6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"rieles del ferrocarril","title":"«rieles» / «ferrocarril»","body":"«Rieles» = (railway) rails; «ferrocarril» = railway (literally 'iron road', «hierro» + «carril»). Cutting the rails to isolate the capital is a classic insurrectionary tactic the Astrologer folds into his plan."}],"words":[{"surface":"Cada","lemma":"cada","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of célula","gloss":"Each"},{"surface":"célula","lemma":"célula","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of cortará","gloss":"cell"},{"surface":"inmediata","lemma":"inmediato","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies célula","gloss":"next"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking capital","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of capital","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"capital","lemma":"capital","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies célula","gloss":"capital"},{"surface":"cortará","lemma":"cortar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"will cut"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of rieles","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"rieles","lemma":"riel","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of cortará","gloss":"rails"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ferrocarril","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"ferrocarril","lemma":"ferrocarril","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies rieles","gloss":"railway"}]},{"number":269,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p79-s7","source":"No dejaremos entrar ni salir trenes.","translation":"We will let no trains in or out.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p79-s7.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"dejar entrar","title":"«dejar» + infinitive = 'to let'","body":"«No dejaremos entrar ni salir trenes» = 'we won't let trains enter or leave'. «Dejar» + infinitive means 'to let / allow (someone or something) to do'. Note the shape: a single «ni» brings the second infinitive under the scope of the preceding «no» ('neither enter nor leave'). The full correlative would be «ni entrar ni salir»."}],"words":[{"surface":"No","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dejaremos","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"dejaremos","lemma":"dejar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"will let"},{"surface":"entrar","lemma":"entrar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of dejaremos","gloss":"enter"},{"surface":"ni","lemma":"ni","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"salir","lemma":"salir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"coordinated with entrar","gloss":"leave"},{"surface":"trenes","lemma":"tren","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of dejaremos (causative construction; salir is intransitive)","gloss":"trains"}]},{"number":270,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p79-s8","source":"Dominada la cabeza, suprimido el telégrafo, fusilados los jefes, el poder es nuestro.","translation":"The head subdued, the telegraph cut off, the leaders shot — power is ours.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p79-s8.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Dominada … suprimido … fusilados","title":"Stacked absolute participles","body":"«Dominada la cabeza, suprimido el telégrafo, fusilados los jefes» is a chain of absolute participle clauses ('the head subdued, the telegraph suppressed, the leaders shot'). Each participle agrees with its noun. The piled-up construction gives a clipped, almost military cadence."}],"words":[{"surface":"Dominada","lemma":"dominado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"predicate adjective of cabeza (absolute construction)","gloss":"Subdued","note":"Absolute participial construction: the participle precedes and agrees with the noun it describes, common in formal/literary Spanish for a list of completed conditions."},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cabeza","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cabeza","lemma":"cabeza","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of Dominada","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"suprimido","lemma":"suprimido","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate adjective of telégrafo (absolute construction)","gloss":"cut off"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of telégrafo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"telégrafo","lemma":"telégrafo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of suprimido (absolute construction)","gloss":"telegraph"},{"surface":"fusilados","lemma":"fusilado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"predicate adjective of jefes (absolute construction)","gloss":"shot"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of jefes","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"jefes","lemma":"jefe","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of fusilados","gloss":"leaders"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of poder","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"poder","lemma":"poder","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"power"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to nuestro","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"nuestro","lemma":"nuestro","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"ours"}]},{"number":271,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p79-s9","source":"Todo esto es una locura posible, y siempre se vive en una atmósfera de sueño y como de sonambulismo cuando se está en camino de realizar las cosas.","translation":"All this is a possible madness, and one always lives in an atmosphere of dream and as if of sleepwalking when one is on the way to carrying things out.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p79-s9.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se vive / se está","title":"Impersonal «se» for 'one'","body":"«Siempre se vive… cuando se está en camino…» = 'one always lives… when one is on the way…'. The impersonal «se» + third-person verb expresses a general 'one / you' with no specific subject — generalizing his own experience into a law."}],"words":[{"surface":"Todo","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of esto","gloss":"All"},{"surface":"esto","lemma":"este","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to locura","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of locura","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"locura","lemma":"locura","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"predicate noun, complement of es","gloss":"madness"},{"surface":"posible","lemma":"posible","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies locura","gloss":"possible"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"siempre","lemma":"siempre","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vive","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, reflexive","role":"impersonal marker of vive","gloss":"one","note":"Impersonal 'se' + 3rd-person verb = 'one does X': 'se vive' = 'one lives' (no specific subject)."},{"surface":"vive","lemma":"vivir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with es (second clause joined by y)","gloss":"lives"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking atmósfera","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of atmósfera","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"atmósfera","lemma":"atmósfera","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of vive","gloss":"atmosphere"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sueño","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"sueño","lemma":"sueño","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies atmósfera","gloss":"dream"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the phrase de sonambulismo","gloss":"as if"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sonambulismo","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"sonambulismo","lemma":"sonambulismo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies atmósfera","gloss":"sleepwalking"},{"surface":"cuando","lemma":"cuando","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of está","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, reflexive","role":"impersonal marker of está","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"está","lemma":"estar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"verb of the clause introduced by cuando","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking camino","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"camino","lemma":"camino","morphology":"noun","role":"object of the preposition en","gloss":"the way"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase en (links camino to realizar)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"realizar","lemma":"realizar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of camino, object of de","gloss":"carrying out"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of cosas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cosas","lemma":"cosa","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of realizar","gloss":"things"}]},{"number":272,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p79-s10","source":"Sin embargo, se va hacia ellas con una lentitud tan rápida que todo es sorprendente cuando se ha conseguido.","translation":"And yet one moves toward them with so swift a slowness that everything is surprising once it has been achieved.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p79-s10.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"lentitud tan rápida","title":"«tan… que» with an oxymoron","body":"«Una lentitud tan rápida que…» = 'a slowness so swift that…'. The «tan… que…» degree construction frames the paradox («lentitud… rápida», 'swift slowness') — Arlt's signature time-warp, now applied to action."}],"words":[{"surface":"Sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking embargo (fixed idiom sin embargo)","gloss":"However","note":"'Sin embargo' is a fixed phrase meaning 'however/nevertheless' — not literally 'without hindrance.'"},{"surface":"embargo","lemma":"embargo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"part of the phrase Sin","gloss":"however"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, reflexive","role":"impersonal marker of va","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"va","lemma":"ir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"moves"},{"surface":"hacia","lemma":"hacia","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ellas","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"ellas","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of va","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lentitud","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of lentitud","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"lentitud","lemma":"lentitud","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of va","gloss":"slowness"},{"surface":"tan","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies rápida","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"rápida","lemma":"rápido","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies lentitud","gloss":"swift"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sorprendente","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"todo","lemma":"todo","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to sorprendente","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"sorprendente","lemma":"sorprendente","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"predicate adjective, complement of es (tan...que result clause)","gloss":"surprising"},{"surface":"cuando","lemma":"cuando","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of conseguido","gloss":"once"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"passive marker of conseguido","gloss":"it","note":"Passive 'se': 'se ha conseguido' = 'it has been achieved' (no expressed agent)."},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of conseguido","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"conseguido","lemma":"conseguir","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"adverbial clause on sorprendente","gloss":"achieved"}]},{"number":273,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p79-s11","source":"Para ello es necesario sólo voluntad y dinero...","translation":"For that, only will and money are necessary...","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p79-s11.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Para ello","title":"«ello» — neuter 'it'","body":"«Para ello» = 'for that, for it'. «Ello» is the neuter pronoun standing for a whole idea or situation (not a masculine/feminine noun) — 'for [all] that'. It is somewhat formal."}],"words":[{"surface":"Para","lemma":"para","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ello","gloss":"For"},{"surface":"ello","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of necesario","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to necesario","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"necesario","lemma":"necesario","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"necessary"},{"surface":"sólo","lemma":"sólo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies voluntad","gloss":"only","note":"Older Spanish orthography accents 'sólo' (adverb 'only') to distinguish it from 'solo' (adjective 'alone'); modern norms (since 2010) drop the accent."},{"surface":"voluntad","lemma":"voluntad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dinero","lemma":"dinero","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with voluntad","gloss":"money"}]},{"number":274,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p79-s12","source":"Podemos organizar aparte de las células una gavilla de asesinos y de asaltantes.","translation":"Apart from the cells, we can organize a gang of murderers and raiders.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p79-s12.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"gavilla","title":"«gavilla»","body":"A «gavilla» is literally a sheaf (of grain), but figuratively a band or gang of criminals — «una gavilla de asesinos» = 'a gang of murderers'. The metaphor binds the killers together like stalks in a bundle."}],"words":[{"surface":"Podemos","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of organizar","gloss":"We can"},{"surface":"organizar","lemma":"organizar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"organize"},{"surface":"aparte","lemma":"aparte","morphology":"adverb","role":"preposition marking células","gloss":"apart"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase aparte","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of células","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"células","lemma":"célula","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of organizar","gloss":"cells"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of gavilla","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gavilla","lemma":"gavilla","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of organizar","gloss":"gang","note":"'Gavilla' literally means 'a sheaf of grain'; used figuratively here for a 'gang/band.'"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking asesinos","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"asesinos","lemma":"asesino","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies gavilla","gloss":"murderers"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking asaltantes","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"asaltantes","lemma":"asaltante","morphology":"noun, plural","role":"coordinated with asesinos","gloss":"raiders"}]},{"number":275,"label":"80","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p80-s1","source":"¿De cuántos aeroplanos dispondrá el ejército?","translation":"How many airplanes will the army have at its disposal?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p80-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"dispondrá de","title":"«disponer de»","body":"«¿De cuántos aeroplanos dispondrá el ejército?» = 'how many airplanes will the army have available?'. «Disponer de» = 'to have at one's disposal, have available'. «Dispondrá» is the irregular future of «disponer»."}],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking aeroplanos (fronted with disponer de)","gloss":"Of","note":"'Disponer de algo' = 'to have something available'; the phrase 'de cuántos aeroplanos' is fronted as the questioned object of 'dispondrá.'"},{"surface":"cuántos","lemma":"cuánto","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of aeroplanos","gloss":"how many"},{"surface":"aeroplanos","lemma":"aeroplano","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of dispondrá","gloss":"airplanes"},{"surface":"dispondrá","lemma":"disponer","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"will have available"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ejército","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ejército","lemma":"ejército","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of dispondrá","gloss":"army"}]},{"number":276,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p80-s2","source":"Pero cortados los medios de comunicación, asaltados los cuarteles, fusilados los jefes, ¿quién mueve ese mecanismo?","translation":"But with the means of communication cut, the barracks stormed, the leaders shot — who works that mechanism?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p80-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"cortados … asaltados … fusilados","title":"Absolute participles again","body":"«Cortados los medios…, asaltados los cuarteles, fusilados los jefes» — another chain of absolute participle clauses setting the conditions ('with the lines cut, the barracks stormed, the leaders shot'). The piled participles drive the relentless rhythm of his planning."}],"words":[{"surface":"Pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"conjunction introducing the sentence","gloss":"But"},{"surface":"cortados","lemma":"cortar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, plural","role":"head of the first absolute clause","gloss":"cut"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of medios","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"medios","lemma":"medio","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of cortados","gloss":"means"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking comunicación","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"comunicación","lemma":"comunicación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies medios","gloss":"communication"},{"surface":"asaltados","lemma":"asaltar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with cortados (new absolute clause)","gloss":"stormed"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of cuarteles","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cuarteles","lemma":"cuartel","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of asaltados","gloss":"barracks"},{"surface":"fusilados","lemma":"fusilar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with cortados and asaltados (new absolute clause)","gloss":"shot"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of jefes","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"jefes","lemma":"jefe","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of fusilados","gloss":"leaders"},{"surface":"quién","lemma":"quién","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of mueve","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"mueve","lemma":"mover","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"works"},{"surface":"ese","lemma":"ese","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of mecanismo","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"mecanismo","lemma":"mecanismo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of mueve","gloss":"mechanism"}]},{"number":277,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p80-s3","source":"Este es un país de bestias.","translation":"This is a country of beasts.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p80-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Este","lemma":"este","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"This"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to país","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of país","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"país","lemma":"país","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"country"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bestias","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"bestias","lemma":"bestia","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies país","gloss":"beasts"}]},{"number":278,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p80-s4","source":"Hay que fusilar.","translation":"One must shoot people.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p80-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Hay que","title":"«hay que» + infinitive","body":"«Hay que fusilar» = 'one must shoot / shooting must be done'. «Hay que» + infinitive expresses an impersonal, general obligation ('it is necessary to…'), with no specific subject — colder and more absolute than «tener que»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hay","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"One must","note":"'Hay que + infinitive' is an impersonal-obligation idiom: 'one must do X.'"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"links Hay to fusilar (hay que + infinitive)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"fusilar","lemma":"fusilar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of Hay que","gloss":"shoot"}]},{"number":279,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p80-s5","source":"Es lo indispensable.","translation":"It is the indispensable thing.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p80-s5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"lo indispensable","title":"«lo» + adjective","body":"«Lo indispensable» = 'the indispensable thing, what is indispensable'. Neuter «lo» + an adjective makes an abstract noun: «lo importante» ('the important thing'), «lo difícil» ('the hard part')."}],"words":[{"surface":"Es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to indispensable","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"lo","lemma":"el","morphology":"neuter article (lo + adjective)","role":"introduces indispensable, neuter substantivizer","gloss":"the","note":"'Lo + adjective' = 'the [adjective] thing': 'lo indispensable' = 'the indispensable thing.'"},{"surface":"indispensable","lemma":"indispensable","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"indispensable"}]},{"number":280,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p80-s6","source":"Sólo sembrando el terror nos respetarán.","translation":"Only by sowing terror will they respect us.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p80-s6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"sembrando el terror","title":"Gerund of means","body":"«Sólo sembrando el terror nos respetarán» = 'only by sowing terror will they respect us'. The gerund «sembrando» expresses the means/method ('by doing'). «Sembrar» ('to sow [seed]') makes terror something cultivated like a crop."}],"words":[{"surface":"Sólo","lemma":"sólo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sembrando","gloss":"Only"},{"surface":"sembrando","lemma":"sembrar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on respetarán","gloss":"sowing"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of terror","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"terror","lemma":"terror","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of sembrando","gloss":"terror"},{"surface":"nos","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of respetarán","gloss":"us"},{"surface":"respetarán","lemma":"respetar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"will respect"}]},{"number":281,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p80-s7","source":"El hombre es así de cobarde.","translation":"Man is cowardly to that degree.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p80-s7.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"así de cobarde","title":"«así de» + adjective","body":"«El hombre es así de cobarde» = 'man is that cowardly / cowardly to that degree'. «Así de + adjective» means 'this/that + adjective', pointing to a degree just stated or shown — 'cowardly to such an extent'."}],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of hombre","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"hombre","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to así","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"so","note":"'Así de + adjective' = 'so/that [adjective]' — an intensifier, not literally 'thus of.'"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase así (así de = 'so')","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"cobarde","lemma":"cobarde","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"complement of así de","gloss":"cowardly"}]},{"number":282,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p80-s8","source":"Una ametralladora...","translation":"One machine gun...","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p80-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of ametralladora","gloss":"One"},{"surface":"ametralladora","lemma":"ametralladora","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"machine gun"}]},{"number":283,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p80-s9","source":"¿Cómo se organizarán las fuerzas que deben combatirnos?","translation":"How will the forces that must fight us organize themselves?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p80-s9.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se organizarán","title":"Reflexive «organizarse»","body":"«¿Cómo se organizarán las fuerzas…?» = 'how will the forces organize themselves?'. The pronominal «organizarse» = 'to get organized, organize oneself'. «Deben combatirnos» = 'must fight us', with the object pronoun «-nos» on the infinitive."}],"words":[{"surface":"Cómo","lemma":"cómo","morphology":"adverb, interrogative","role":"modifies organizarán","gloss":"How"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of organizarán","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"organizarán","lemma":"organizar","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"will organize"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of fuerzas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"fuerzas","lemma":"fuerza","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of organizarán","gloss":"forces"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of deben","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"deben","lemma":"deber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of combatirnos","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"combatirnos","lemma":"combatir","morphology":"verb, infinitive + attached pronoun (nos)","role":"infinitive complement of deben","gloss":"fight us"}]},{"number":284,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p80-s10","source":"Suprimido el telégrafo, el teléfono, cortados los rieles...","translation":"The telegraph, the telephone suppressed, the rails cut...","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p80-s10.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Suprimido","lemma":"suprimir","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"Suppressed"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of telégrafo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"telégrafo","lemma":"telégrafo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of Suprimido","gloss":"telegraph"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of teléfono","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"teléfono","lemma":"teléfono","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with telégrafo (second object of Suprimido)","gloss":"telephone"},{"surface":"cortados","lemma":"cortar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with Suprimido (new absolute clause)","gloss":"cut"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of rieles","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"rieles","lemma":"riel","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of cortados","gloss":"rails"}]},{"number":285,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p80-s11","source":"Diez hombres pueden atemorizar a una población de diez mil personas.","translation":"Ten men can terrorize a population of ten thousand people.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p80-s11.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"atemorizar","title":"«atemorizar»","body":"«Atemorizar» = to frighten, terrify, fill with fear (from «temor», 'fear'). «Diez hombres pueden atemorizar a una población…» = the chilling arithmetic of terror that the Astrologer keeps repeating in different numbers."}],"words":[{"surface":"Diez","lemma":"diez","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies hombres","gloss":"Ten"},{"surface":"hombres","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of atemorizar","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"pueden","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of atemorizar","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"atemorizar","lemma":"atemorizar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"terrorize"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"personal 'a' marking población as direct object","gloss":"(object marker)","note":"Personal 'a': introduces a direct object referring to people/a population; not translated as 'to.'"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of población","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"población","lemma":"población","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of atemorizar","gloss":"population"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking personas","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"diez","lemma":"diez","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies personas","gloss":"ten"},{"surface":"mil","lemma":"mil","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with diez","gloss":"thousand"},{"surface":"personas","lemma":"persona","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies población","gloss":"people"}]},{"number":286,"label":"81","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p81-s1","source":"Basta que tengan una ametralladora.","translation":"It is enough that they have one machine gun.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p81-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Basta que tengan","title":"«bastar que» + subjunctive","body":"«Basta que tengan una ametralladora» = 'it's enough for them to have a machine gun'. The impersonal «basta que» ('it suffices that…') governs the subjunctive «tengan». Compare «basta con + infinitive»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Basta","lemma":"bastar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"It is enough"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tengan","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"tengan","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, plural","role":"subject clause of Basta","gloss":"they have"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of ametralladora","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ametralladora","lemma":"ametralladora","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of tengan","gloss":"machine gun"}]},{"number":287,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p81-s2","source":"Son once millones de habitantes.","translation":"There are eleven million inhabitants.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p81-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Son","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence (existential 'there are')","gloss":"There are"},{"surface":"once","lemma":"once","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies millones","gloss":"eleven"},{"surface":"millones","lemma":"millón","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"complement of Son (existential)","gloss":"million"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking habitantes","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"habitantes","lemma":"habitante","morphology":"noun, plural","role":"modifies millones","gloss":"inhabitants"}]},{"number":288,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p81-s3","source":"El norte, con los yerbales, nos respondería.","translation":"The north, with its yerba-mate plantations, would respond to us.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p81-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"El","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of norte","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"norte","lemma":"norte","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of respondería","gloss":"north"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking yerbales","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of yerbales","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"yerbales","lemma":"yerbal","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of respondería","gloss":"yerba-mate plantations"},{"surface":"nos","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, dative, plural","role":"indirect object of respondería","gloss":"to us"},{"surface":"respondería","lemma":"responder","morphology":"verb, conditional, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"would respond"}]},{"number":289,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p81-s4","source":"Tucumán y Santiago del Estero, con los ingenios...","translation":"Tucumán and Santiago del Estero, with their sugar mills...","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p81-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tucumán","lemma":"Tucumán","morphology":"proper noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Tucumán"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Santiago","lemma":"Santiago","morphology":"proper noun","role":"coordinated with Tucumán","gloss":"Santiago"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Estero","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"Estero","lemma":"Estero","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name Santiago","gloss":"Estero"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ingenios","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of ingenios","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"ingenios","lemma":"ingenio","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies Tucumán and Santiago (the subject)","gloss":"sugar mills"}]},{"number":290,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p81-s5","source":"San Juan, con los medio–comunistas...","translation":"San Juan, with the half-communists...","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p81-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"San","lemma":"San","morphology":"proper noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"San"},{"surface":"Juan","lemma":"Juan","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name San","gloss":"Juan"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking medio–comunistas","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of medio–comunistas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"medio–comunistas","lemma":"medio–comunista","morphology":"noun, plural","role":"modifies San","gloss":"half-communists","note":"'Medio-' used as a prefix meaning 'half-'; a coined, informal compound."}]},{"number":291,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p81-s6","source":"Sólo tenemos por delante el ejército.","translation":"Only the army stands before us.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p81-s6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"por delante","title":"«por delante»","body":"«Tenemos por delante el ejército» = 'we have the army ahead of us / before us'. «Por delante» = 'ahead, in front, still to be faced'. The army is the one remaining obstacle in his reckoning."}],"words":[{"surface":"Sólo","lemma":"sólo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tenemos","gloss":"Only"},{"surface":"tenemos","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"we have"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking delante","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"delante","lemma":"delante","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tenemos","gloss":"front","note":"'Por delante' = 'ahead/in front' (fixed adverbial phrase)."},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ejército","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ejército","lemma":"ejército","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of tenemos","gloss":"army"}]},{"number":292,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p81-s7","source":"Los cuarteles se pueden asaltar de noche.","translation":"The barracks can be stormed by night.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p81-s7.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se pueden asaltar","title":"Passive «se» with a modal","body":"«Los cuarteles se pueden asaltar» = 'the barracks can be stormed'. The passive «se» combines with the modal «poder»: 'one can storm them / they can be stormed'. The agent is left unsaid."}],"words":[{"surface":"Los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of cuarteles","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"cuarteles","lemma":"cuartel","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of asaltar","gloss":"barracks"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"passive marker of asaltar","gloss":"(passive)","note":"Passive 'se': 'se pueden asaltar' = 'can be stormed' (impersonal passive, no expressed agent)."},{"surface":"pueden","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of asaltar","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"asaltar","lemma":"asaltar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"be stormed"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking noche","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"noche","lemma":"noche","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of asaltar","gloss":"night"}]},{"number":293,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p81-s8","source":"Secuestrado el pañol de armas, fusilados los jefes y ahorcados los sargentos, con diez hombres nos podemos apoderar de un cuartel de mil soldados siempre que tengamos una ametralladora.","translation":"The arms store seized, the leaders shot and the sergeants hanged, with ten men we can take over a barracks of a thousand soldiers, provided we have a machine gun.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p81-s8.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"siempre que tengamos","title":"«siempre que» + subjunctive","body":"«Siempre que tengamos una ametralladora» = 'provided that we have a machine gun'. When «siempre que» means 'provided that / as long as' (a condition), it takes the subjunctive «tengamos». (Meaning 'whenever/every time', with the indicative, is a different use.)"},{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"pañol de armas","title":"«pañol de armas»","body":"A «pañol» is a storeroom or locker aboard ship or in a barracks; «pañol de armas» = the arms store / armory. Seizing it — and so the weapons — is the key move in taking the barracks."}],"words":[{"surface":"Secuestrado","lemma":"secuestrar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"head of the initial absolute clause","gloss":"Seized"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of pañol","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"pañol","lemma":"pañol","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of Secuestrado","gloss":"store","note":"'Pañol' is a nautical/military term for a storeroom; 'pañol de armas' = 'armory, arms store.'"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking armas","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"armas","lemma":"arma","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies pañol","gloss":"arms"},{"surface":"fusilados","lemma":"fusilar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with Secuestrado (new absolute clause)","gloss":"shot"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of jefes","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"jefes","lemma":"jefe","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of fusilados","gloss":"leaders"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ahorcados","lemma":"ahorcar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with fusilados","gloss":"hanged"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of sargentos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sargentos","lemma":"sargento","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of ahorcados","gloss":"sergeants"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hombres","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"diez","lemma":"diez","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies hombres","gloss":"ten"},{"surface":"hombres","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of apoderar","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"nos","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, reflexive, plural","role":"reflexive particle of apoderar (apoderarse de)","gloss":"(reflexive)","note":"'Apoderarse de' = 'to take over/seize' — an inherently reflexive verb; 'nos' is part of the verb, not a separate object."},{"surface":"podemos","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of apoderar","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"apoderar","lemma":"apoderarse","morphology":"verb, infinitive, reflexive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"take over"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cuartel","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cuartel","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"cuartel","lemma":"cuartel","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of apoderar","gloss":"barracks"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking soldados","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"mil","lemma":"mil","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies soldados","gloss":"a thousand"},{"surface":"soldados","lemma":"soldado","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies cuartel","gloss":"soldiers"},{"surface":"siempre","lemma":"siempre","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of tengamos (siempre que = 'as long as')","gloss":"As long as"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tengamos","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"tengamos","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, first-person, plural","role":"adverbial clause on apoderar","gloss":"we have"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of ametralladora","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ametralladora","lemma":"ametralladora","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of tengamos","gloss":"machine gun"}]},{"number":294,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p81-s9","source":"Es tan fácil eso.","translation":"It is so easy, that.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p81-s9.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to fácil","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"tan","lemma":"tanto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fácil","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"fácil","lemma":"fácil","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"predicate adjective, complement of es","gloss":"easy"},{"surface":"eso","lemma":"ese","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of es (postposed for emphasis)","gloss":"that"}]},{"number":295,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p81-s10","source":"Y las bombas de mano, ¿dónde dejo las bombas de mano?","translation":"And the hand grenades — where do I leave the hand grenades?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p81-s10.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"¿dónde dejo?","title":"«dejar» = 'to leave out/aside'","body":"«¿Dónde dejo las bombas de mano?» = 'where do I leave / put the hand grenades?', i.e. where do they fit in the plan, 'how could I forget them?'. «Dejar» = 'to leave (behind/out)'; «bombas de mano» = hand grenades."}],"words":[{"surface":"Y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the sentence, connects to the previous one","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of bombas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"bombas","lemma":"bomba","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"fronted topic, resumed by las bombas de mano (object of dejo)","gloss":"grenades"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mano","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"mano","lemma":"mano","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies bombas","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"dónde","lemma":"dónde","morphology":"adverb, interrogative","role":"modifies dejo","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"dejo","lemma":"dejar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"leave"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of bombas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"bombas","lemma":"bomba","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of dejo","gloss":"grenades"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mano","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"mano","lemma":"mano","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies bombas","gloss":"hand"}]},{"number":296,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p81-s11","source":"Sólo sorpresa simultánea en todo el país, diez hombres por pueblo y la Argentina es nuestra.","translation":"Just a simultaneous surprise across the whole country, ten men per town, and Argentina is ours.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p81-s11.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sólo","lemma":"sólo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sorpresa","gloss":"Just"},{"surface":"sorpresa","lemma":"sorpresa","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase (first listed item)","gloss":"surprise"},{"surface":"simultánea","lemma":"simultáneo","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies sorpresa","gloss":"simultaneous"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking país","gloss":"across"},{"surface":"todo","lemma":"todo","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"quantifier of país (todo el = 'the whole')","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of país","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"país","lemma":"país","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of the preposition en","gloss":"country"},{"surface":"diez","lemma":"diez","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies hombres","gloss":"ten"},{"surface":"hombres","lemma":"hombre","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"head of the second listed phrase","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pueblo","gloss":"per"},{"surface":"pueblo","lemma":"pueblo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies hombres","gloss":"town"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of Argentina","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Argentina","lemma":"Argentina","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of es (final coordinated clause)","gloss":"Argentina"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to nuestra","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"nuestra","lemma":"nuestro","morphology":"pronoun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"ours"}]},{"number":297,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p81-s12","source":"Los soldados son jóvenes y nos seguirán.","translation":"The soldiers are young and will follow us.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p81-s12.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of soldados","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"soldados","lemma":"soldado","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of son","gloss":"soldiers"},{"surface":"son","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"copula linking to jóvenes","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"jóvenes","lemma":"joven","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"young"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"nos","lemma":"yo","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of seguirán","gloss":"us"},{"surface":"seguirán","lemma":"seguir","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with jóvenes","gloss":"will follow"}]},{"number":298,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p81-s13","source":"A los cabos los ascenderemos a oficiales y tendremos el más inverosímil ejército rojo que haya conocido la América.","translation":"The corporals we will promote to officers, and we will have the most improbable red army that America has ever known.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p81-s13.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"que haya conocido","title":"Subjunctive after a superlative","body":"«El más inverosímil ejército rojo que haya conocido la América» = 'the most improbable red army America has ever known'. A relative clause after a superlative («el más…») typically takes the subjunctive «haya conocido» to stress the uniqueness of the claim."}],"words":[{"surface":"A","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"personal 'a' marking the fronted object cabos","gloss":"(object marker)","note":"Personal 'a' marks the fronted object 'los cabos,' resumed by the clitic 'los' before the verb (clitic doubling for emphasis)."},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of cabos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cabos","lemma":"cabo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"fronted direct object of ascenderemos, resumed by los","gloss":"corporals"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of ascenderemos","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"ascenderemos","lemma":"ascender","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"we will promote"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking oficiales","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"oficiales","lemma":"oficial","morphology":"noun, plural","role":"predicative complement of ascenderemos (rank achieved)","gloss":"officers"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tendremos","lemma":"tener","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, first-person, plural","role":"coordinated with ascenderemos","gloss":"we will have"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ejército","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies inverosímil","gloss":"most"},{"surface":"inverosímil","lemma":"inverosímil","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies ejército","gloss":"improbable"},{"surface":"ejército","lemma":"ejército","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of tendremos","gloss":"army"},{"surface":"rojo","lemma":"rojo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies ejército","gloss":"red"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"direct object of conocido (refers to ejército)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"haya","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of conocido","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"conocido","lemma":"conocer","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"clause modifying ejército","gloss":"known"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of América","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"América","lemma":"América","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of haya conocido","gloss":"America"}]},{"number":299,"label":"82","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p82-s1","source":"¿Por qué no?","translation":"Why not?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p82-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking qué (idiom por qué = 'why')","gloss":"Why"},{"surface":"qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"why"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies qué","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":300,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p82-s2","source":"¿Qué es el asalto al banco de San Martín, el asalto del hospital Rawson, el asalto de la agencia Martelli en Montevideo?","translation":"What is the robbery of the bank in San Martín, the raid on the Rawson hospital, the raid on the Martelli agency in Montevideo?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p82-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Qué","lemma":"qué","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"predicate complement of es (interrogative: what is X)","gloss":"What"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"ser","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking Qué to asalto (subject)","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of asalto","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"asalto","lemma":"asalto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"robbery"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking banco","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"banco","lemma":"banco","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies asalto","gloss":"bank"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking San","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"San","lemma":"San","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies banco","gloss":"San"},{"surface":"Martín","lemma":"Martín","morphology":"proper noun","role":"part of the name San","gloss":"Martín"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of asalto","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"asalto","lemma":"asalto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"second listed item, coordinated with the first asalto (subject of es)","gloss":"raid"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hospital","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"hospital","lemma":"hospital","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies asalto","gloss":"hospital"},{"surface":"Rawson","lemma":"Rawson","morphology":"proper noun","role":"in apposition to hospital","gloss":"Rawson"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of asalto","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"asalto","lemma":"asalto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"third listed item, coordinated with the first asalto","gloss":"raid"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking agencia","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of agencia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"agencia","lemma":"agencia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies asalto","gloss":"agency"},{"surface":"Martelli","lemma":"Martelli","morphology":"proper noun","role":"in apposition to agencia","gloss":"Martelli"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Montevideo","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Montevideo","lemma":"Montevideo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies agencia (location)","gloss":"Montevideo"}]},{"number":301,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p82-s3","source":"Tres diarieros audaces y se terminó una ciudad.","translation":"Three bold newspaper boys, and a city is finished.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p82-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"diarieros","title":"«diariero»","body":"A «diariero» is a newspaper seller/boy (from «diario», 'newspaper'), a Río de la Plata word. «Se terminó una ciudad» = 'a city is done for'. The throwaway line — three cheeky paperboys could topple a city — is the Astrologer's gospel of audacity."}],"words":[{"surface":"Tres","lemma":"tres","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies diarieros","gloss":"Three"},{"surface":"diarieros","lemma":"diariero","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"newspaper boys","note":"Diariero (also diarero) is Rioplatense Spanish for a newspaper seller/newsboy."},{"surface":"audaces","lemma":"audaz","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies diarieros","gloss":"bold"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"passive/impersonal particle of terminó","gloss":"(reflexive)","note":"Passive/impersonal 'se': 'se terminó una ciudad' = 'a city was finished/done for' (not a literal reflexive action)."},{"surface":"terminó","lemma":"terminar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is finished"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of ciudad","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ciudad","lemma":"ciudad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of terminó","gloss":"city"}]},{"number":302,"label":"83","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p83-s1","source":"Un rencor sordo hace latir apresuradamente sus venas.","translation":"A dull rancor makes his veins beat hurriedly.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p83-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"hace latir","title":"«hacer» + infinitive (causative)","body":"«Hace latir… sus venas» = 'makes his veins beat'. «Hacer» + infinitive is the causative ('to make/cause something to happen'). «Sordo» here means 'dull, muffled, deaf' — a rancor without a clear object."}],"words":[{"surface":"Un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of rencor","gloss":"A"},{"surface":"rencor","lemma":"rencor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of hace","gloss":"rancor"},{"surface":"sordo","lemma":"sordo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies rencor","gloss":"dull"},{"surface":"hace","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"makes"},{"surface":"latir","lemma":"latir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of hace","gloss":"beat"},{"surface":"apresuradamente","lemma":"apresuradamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies latir","gloss":"hurriedly"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of venas","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"venas","lemma":"vena","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of hace (logical subject of latir)","gloss":"veins"}]},{"number":303,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p83-s2","source":"La sangre corre en tumulto por su cuerpo recio y tenso en una posición de asalto.","translation":"The blood runs in tumult through his sturdy body, tensed in a posture of assault.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p83-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"recio","title":"«recio»","body":"«Recio» = robust, sturdy, vigorous, tough. «Su cuerpo recio» = 'his sturdy/powerful body'. It is a recurring epithet for the physically strong, animal Astrologer, set against his stalled, anxious mind."}],"words":[{"surface":"La","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of sangre","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"sangre","lemma":"sangre","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of corre","gloss":"blood"},{"surface":"corre","lemma":"correr","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"runs"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tumulto","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"tumulto","lemma":"tumulto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of corre","gloss":"tumult"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cuerpo","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of cuerpo","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"cuerpo","lemma":"cuerpo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of corre","gloss":"body"},{"surface":"recio","lemma":"recio","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies cuerpo","gloss":"sturdy"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tenso","lemma":"tenso","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with recio","gloss":"tensed"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking posición","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of posición","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"posición","lemma":"posición","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of tenso","gloss":"posture"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking asalto","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"asalto","lemma":"asalto","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies posición","gloss":"assault"}]},{"number":304,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p83-s3","source":"Se siente más fuerte que nunca, la fuerza del que puede hacer fusilar.","translation":"He feels stronger than ever — the strength of the one who can have men shot.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p83-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"el que puede hacer fusilar","title":"«hacer fusilar» — causative again","body":"«El que puede hacer fusilar» = 'the one who can have [people] shot'. «Hacer» + infinitive again is causative: not 'to shoot' oneself, but 'to have shot' — the power to order executions. «Más fuerte que nunca» = 'stronger than ever'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of siente","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"siente","lemma":"sentir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"feels"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fuerte","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"fuerte","lemma":"fuerte","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"predicate complement of siente","gloss":"strong"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the comparison with nunca","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"nunca","lemma":"nunca","morphology":"adverb","role":"comparative complement of fuerte","gloss":"ever"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of fuerza","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"fuerza","lemma":"fuerza","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"in apposition to fuerte","gloss":"strength"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking que (del que = of the one who)","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of puede","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"puede","lemma":"poder","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of hacer","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"hacer","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of puede (causative hacer + fusilar), main verb of the relative clause","gloss":"have","note":"'Hacer fusilar' is a causative construction: 'to have (someone) shot/executed.'"},{"surface":"fusilar","lemma":"fusilar","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of hacer","gloss":"shot"}]},{"number":305,"label":"84","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p84-s1","source":"Oscilaba la luz eléctrica bajo las sonoras descargas de la tempestad, pero el Astrólogo sentado de espaldas a la cama, sobre el baúl, con las piernas cruzadas, el mentón clavado en la palma de la mano y con el codo apoyado en la rodilla, no apartaba los ojos de sus cinco peleles cuyas sombras andrajosas temblaban en el muro enrosado.","translation":"The electric light flickered under the resounding crashes of the storm, but the Astrologer, seated with his back to the bed, on the trunk, his legs crossed, his chin driven into the palm of his hand and his elbow propped on his knee, did not take his eyes off his five puppets, whose ragged shadows trembled on the pinkish wall.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p84-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"peleles","title":"«pelele»","body":"A «pelele» is a rag doll, a stuffed figure (and, figuratively, a spineless puppet of a person). It joins «fantoche», «muñeco», and «títere» as one of Arlt's words for the five hanged dolls the Astrologer now interrogates in silence."}],"words":[{"surface":"Oscilaba","lemma":"oscilar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the first clause, coordinated with apartaba via pero","gloss":"flickered"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of luz","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"luz","lemma":"luz","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of Oscilaba","gloss":"light"},{"surface":"eléctrica","lemma":"eléctrico","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies luz","gloss":"electric"},{"surface":"bajo","lemma":"bajo","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking descargas","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of descargas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sonoras","lemma":"sonoro","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies descargas","gloss":"resounding"},{"surface":"descargas","lemma":"descarga","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of Oscilaba","gloss":"crashes"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tempestad","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of tempestad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tempestad","lemma":"tempestad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies descargas","gloss":"storm"},{"surface":"pero","lemma":"pero","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Astrólogo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Astrólogo","lemma":"Astrólogo","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of apartaba","gloss":"Astrologer"},{"surface":"sentado","lemma":"sentado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Astrólogo","gloss":"seated"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking espaldas","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"espaldas","lemma":"espalda","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of sentado","gloss":"back","note":"Idiom: 'de espaldas a' = 'with (one's) back to.'"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cama","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cama","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cama","lemma":"cama","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of a, completes de espaldas a (modifies espaldas)","gloss":"bed"},{"surface":"sobre","lemma":"sobre","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking baúl","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of baúl","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"baúl","lemma":"baúl","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of sentado","gloss":"trunk"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking piernas","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of piernas","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"piernas","lemma":"pierna","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of sentado","gloss":"legs"},{"surface":"cruzadas","lemma":"cruzado","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies piernas","gloss":"crossed"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of mentón","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"mentón","lemma":"mentón","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of clavado (absolute construction, parallel to piernas cruzadas)","gloss":"chin"},{"surface":"clavado","lemma":"clavado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies mentón","gloss":"driven"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking palma","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of palma","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"palma","lemma":"palma","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of clavado","gloss":"palm"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mano","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mano","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"mano","lemma":"mano","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies palma","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking codo","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of codo","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"codo","lemma":"codo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of apoyado (absolute construction, coordinated with mentón/piernas via y)","gloss":"elbow"},{"surface":"apoyado","lemma":"apoyado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies codo","gloss":"propped"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rodilla","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of rodilla","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"rodilla","lemma":"rodilla","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of apoyado","gloss":"knee"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies apartaba","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"apartaba","lemma":"apartar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"took off","note":"Idiom: 'apartar los ojos de algo' = 'to take one's eyes off something.'"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of ojos","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"ojos","lemma":"ojo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of apartaba","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking peleles","gloss":"off"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of peleles","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"cinco","lemma":"cinco","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies peleles","gloss":"five"},{"surface":"peleles","lemma":"pelele","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of apartaba (object of de)","gloss":"puppets"},{"surface":"cuyas","lemma":"cuyo","morphology":"pronoun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies sombras","gloss":"whose"},{"surface":"sombras","lemma":"sombra","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of temblaban","gloss":"shadows"},{"surface":"andrajosas","lemma":"andrajoso","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies sombras","gloss":"ragged"},{"surface":"temblaban","lemma":"temblar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"clause modifying peleles (relative clause introduced by cuyas)","gloss":"trembled"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking muro","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of muro","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"muro","lemma":"muro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of temblaban","gloss":"wall"},{"surface":"enrosado","lemma":"enrosado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies muro","gloss":"pinkish"}]},{"number":306,"label":"85","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p85-s1","source":"Tras él la lluvia que entraba por el ventanillo hacía un charco en el piso, las preguntas y respuestas se cruzaban en silencio, a momentos una arruga enfoscaba la frente del astrólogo, luego sus ojos inmóviles, en su rostro romboidal, asentían con un parpadeo lento a una contestación en acuerdo con sus deseos, y así permaneció hasta el amanecer, hora en que, levantándose del baúl, irónicamente les volvió la espalda a los cinco muñecos que permanecieron en la soledad del cuartujo, bamboleándose bajo la banderola, como cinco ahorcados.","translation":"Behind him the rain coming in through the little window made a puddle on the floor; the questions and answers crossed in silence; at moments a wrinkle darkened the Astrologer's brow; then his motionless eyes, in his rhomboid face, assented with a slow blink to an answer in keeping with his desires; and so he remained until dawn, the hour at which, rising from the trunk, he ironically turned his back on the five dolls, which stayed behind in the solitude of the squalid little room, swaying beneath the transom, like five hanged men.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p85-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"cuartujo","title":"«cuartujo»","body":"«Cuartujo» is «cuarto» ('room') with the pejorative suffix «-ujo»: a wretched, squalid little room. Spanish loads nouns with such suffixes to color them — «-ucho», «-ujo», «-aco» all add scorn. The grand visions end in a mean garret."},{"kind":"grammar","term":"bamboleándose","title":"«bambolearse» (gerund)","body":"«Bamboleándose bajo la banderola» = 'swaying beneath the transom'. The pronominal «bambolearse» = 'to sway, wobble, dangle'; the gerund leaves the dolls in continuous motion as he leaves — 'like five hanged men'. «Banderola» = a transom/fanlight window."}],"words":[{"surface":"Tras","lemma":"tras","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking él","gloss":"Behind"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, acc,nom, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of hacía","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of lluvia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"lluvia","lemma":"lluvia","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of hacía","gloss":"rain"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of entraba","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"entraba","lemma":"entrar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying lluvia","gloss":"was coming in"},{"surface":"por","lemma":"por","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ventanillo","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ventanillo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ventanillo","lemma":"ventanillo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of entraba","gloss":"little window"},{"surface":"hacía","lemma":"hacer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the first clause","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of charco","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"charco","lemma":"charco","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of hacía","gloss":"puddle"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking piso","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of piso","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"piso","lemma":"piso","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of hacía","gloss":"floor"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of preguntas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"preguntas","lemma":"pregunta","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of cruzaban","gloss":"questions"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"respuestas","lemma":"respuesta","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"coordinated with preguntas","gloss":"answers"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reciprocal","role":"reciprocal particle of cruzaban","gloss":"each other"},{"surface":"cruzaban","lemma":"cruzar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of a new clause, coordinated asyndetically with hacía","gloss":"crossed"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking silencio","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"silencio","lemma":"silencio","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of cruzaban","gloss":"silence"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking momentos","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"momentos","lemma":"momento","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"adverbial modifier of enfoscaba (with a)","gloss":"moments"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of arruga","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"arruga","lemma":"arruga","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of enfoscaba","gloss":"wrinkle"},{"surface":"enfoscaba","lemma":"enfoscar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of a new clause, coordinated asyndetically with cruzaban","gloss":"darkened"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of frente","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"frente","lemma":"frente","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of enfoscaba","gloss":"brow"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking astrólogo","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"astrólogo","lemma":"astrólogo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies frente","gloss":"astrologer"},{"surface":"luego","lemma":"luego","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies asentían","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of ojos","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"ojos","lemma":"ojo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of asentían","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"inmóviles","lemma":"inmóvil","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies ojos","gloss":"motionless"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rostro","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"su","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of rostro","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"rostro","lemma":"rostro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of asentían","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"romboidal","lemma":"romboidal","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies rostro","gloss":"rhomboid"},{"surface":"asentían","lemma":"asentir","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of a new clause, coordinated asyndetically with enfoscaba","gloss":"assented"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking parpadeo","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of parpadeo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"parpadeo","lemma":"parpadeo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of asentían","gloss":"blink"},{"surface":"lento","lemma":"lento","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies parpadeo","gloss":"slow"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking contestación","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"una","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of contestación","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"contestación","lemma":"contestación","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of asentían","gloss":"answer"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking acuerdo (idiom en acuerdo con = in keeping with)","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"acuerdo","lemma":"acuerdo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of en (idiom en acuerdo con = in keeping with)","gloss":"keeping","note":"Idiom: 'en acuerdo con' = 'in keeping with.'"},{"surface":"con","lemma":"con","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking deseos, completes the idiom en acuerdo con","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sus","lemma":"su","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of deseos","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"deseos","lemma":"deseo","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies contestación","gloss":"desires"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"así","lemma":"así","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies permaneció","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"permaneció","lemma":"permanecer","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of a new clause, coordinated with asentían via y","gloss":"remained"},{"surface":"hasta","lemma":"hasta","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking amanecer","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of amanecer","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"amanecer","lemma":"amanecer","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of permaneció","gloss":"dawn"},{"surface":"hora","lemma":"hora","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"in apposition to amanecer","gloss":"hour"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking que","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"object of en, referring to hora","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"levantándose","lemma":"levantar él","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on volvió","gloss":"rising"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking baúl","gloss":"from the"},{"surface":"baúl","lemma":"baúl","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of levantándose","gloss":"trunk"},{"surface":"irónicamente","lemma":"irónicamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies volvió","gloss":"ironically"},{"surface":"les","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, dative, plural","role":"indirect object of volvió (clitic doubling a los cinco muñecos)","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"volvió","lemma":"volver","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying hora","gloss":"turned"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of espalda","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"espalda","lemma":"espalda","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of volvió","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking muñecos","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"los","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, plural","role":"determiner of muñecos","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cinco","lemma":"cinco","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies muñecos","gloss":"five"},{"surface":"muñecos","lemma":"muñeco","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"object of a (indirect object of volvió)","gloss":"dolls"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of permanecieron","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"permanecieron","lemma":"permanecer","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"clause modifying muñecos","gloss":"stayed"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking soledad","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of soledad","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"soledad","lemma":"soledad","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of permanecieron","gloss":"solitude"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cuartujo","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"cuartujo","lemma":"cuartujo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies soledad","gloss":"squalid room","note":"'Cuartujo' is a pejorative form of 'cuarto' (room) — a shabby, cramped little room."},{"surface":"bamboleándose","lemma":"bambolear él","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on permanecieron","gloss":"swaying"},{"surface":"bajo","lemma":"bajo","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking banderola","gloss":"beneath"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of banderola","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"banderola","lemma":"banderola","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of bamboleándose","gloss":"transom"},{"surface":"como","lemma":"como","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the simile 'como cinco ahorcados', modifies bamboleándose","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"cinco","lemma":"cinco","morphology":"numeral, plural","role":"quantifies ahorcados","gloss":"five"},{"surface":"ahorcados","lemma":"ahorcado","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural (used as a noun)","role":"object of como (simile)","gloss":"hanged men"}]},{"number":307,"label":"86","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p86-s1","source":"Caviló un instante, luego apresuradamente bajó las escaleras, dejó el portal, y a grandes pasos se dirigió entre las tinieblas a la cochera donde se encontraba Barsut.","translation":"He brooded for an instant, then hurriedly went down the stairs, left the doorway, and with great strides made his way through the gloom to the coach house where Barsut was being kept.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p86-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"se dirigió a","title":"«dirigirse a»","body":"«Se dirigió… a la cochera» = 'he made his way / headed to the coach house'. The pronominal «dirigirse a» = 'to head toward, make for' a place (or 'to address' a person). «A grandes pasos» = 'with great strides'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Caviló","lemma":"cavilar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"brooded"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of instante","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"instante","lemma":"instante","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"adverbial complement of Caviló (duration)","gloss":"instant"},{"surface":"luego","lemma":"luego","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bajó","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"apresuradamente","lemma":"apresuradamente","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bajó","gloss":"hurriedly"},{"surface":"bajó","lemma":"bajar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of a new clause, coordinated asyndetically with Caviló","gloss":"went down"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of escaleras","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"escaleras","lemma":"escalera","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of bajó","gloss":"stairs"},{"surface":"dejó","lemma":"dejar","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of a new clause, coordinated asyndetically with bajó","gloss":"left"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of portal","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"portal","lemma":"portal","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of dejó","gloss":"doorway"},{"surface":"y","lemma":"y","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pasos","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"grandes","lemma":"grande","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies pasos","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"pasos","lemma":"paso","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique complement of dirigió","gloss":"strides"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of dirigió","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"dirigió","lemma":"dirigir","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the final clause, coordinated with dejó via y","gloss":"made his way"},{"surface":"entre","lemma":"entre","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tinieblas","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of tinieblas","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tinieblas","lemma":"tiniebla","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique complement of dirigió","gloss":"gloom"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cochera","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of cochera","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cochera","lemma":"cochera","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique complement of dirigió","gloss":"coach house"},{"surface":"donde","lemma":"donde","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of encontraba","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of encontraba","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"encontraba","lemma":"encontrar","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying cochera","gloss":"was being kept","note":"'Se encontraba' literally means 'was located/found himself'; rendered 'was being kept' here since Barsut was being held captive."},{"surface":"Barsut","lemma":"Barsut","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of encontraba","gloss":"Barsut"}]},{"number":308,"label":"87","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p87-s1","source":"Ya no llovía.","translation":"It was no longer raining.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p87-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Ya no","title":"«ya no» = 'no longer'","body":"«Ya no llovía» = 'it was no longer raining'. «Ya no» + verb means 'not anymore, no longer'. (Its mirror, «todavía / aún + verb», means 'still'.) The all-night storm has finally stopped at dawn."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ya","lemma":"ya","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies llovía","gloss":"any longer"},{"surface":"no","lemma":"no","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies llovía","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"llovía","lemma":"llover","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was raining"}]},{"number":309,"label":"","id":"sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p87-s2","source":"Las nubes se habían resquebrajado, dejando ver en un claro celeste un pedazo amarillo de luna.","translation":"The clouds had cracked open, revealing in a patch of sky-blue a yellow piece of moon.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/arlt/sensacion-de-lo-subconsciente-p87-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"celeste","title":"«celeste»","body":"«Celeste» = sky-blue, light blue (literally 'of the sky', «cielo»). «Un claro celeste» = 'a sky-blue clearing' in the clouds. It is also, famously, the pale blue of the Argentine flag — a quietly national color to end the storm on."}],"words":[{"surface":"Las","lemma":"el","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of nubes","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"nubes","lemma":"nube","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"subject of resquebrajado","gloss":"clouds"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"él","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of resquebrajado","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"habían","lemma":"haber","morphology":"auxiliary verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of resquebrajado","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"resquebrajado","lemma":"resquebrajar","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"cracked open"},{"surface":"dejando","lemma":"dejar","morphology":"verb, gerund","role":"adverbial clause on resquebrajado","gloss":"letting"},{"surface":"ver","lemma":"ver","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of dejando","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking claro","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of claro","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"claro","lemma":"claro","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of dejando","gloss":"patch"},{"surface":"celeste","lemma":"celeste","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies claro","gloss":"sky-blue"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"uno","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of pedazo","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"pedazo","lemma":"pedazo","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of ver","gloss":"piece"},{"surface":"amarillo","lemma":"amarillo","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies pedazo","gloss":"yellow"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking luna","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"luna","lemma":"luna","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies pedazo","gloss":"moon"}]}]}