{"work":{"slug":"baudelaire","title":{"source":"Les Fleurs du mal","translated":"The Flowers of Evil"},"author":"Charles Baudelaire","language":"French","languageCode":"fr","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/baudelaire"},"unit":{"kind":"poem","number":null,"id":"danse-macabre","title":{"source":"Danse macabre","translated":"Dance of Death"},"section":"Parisian Scenes","summary":null,"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/baudelaire/danse-macabre","lines":61},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/books/baudelaire/le-jeu","next":"https://1732studios.com/books/baudelaire/l-amour-du-mensonge","license":"Source text: public domain (Charles Baudelaire, d. 1867). English translation: © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC — original draft, pending editorial review.","audioBase":null,"lines":[{"number":1,"label":"1","id":"danse-macabre-s1-l1","source":"À Ernest Christophe","translation":"To Ernest Christophe","stanza":1,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"À","lemma":"à","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Ernest","gloss":"To"},{"surface":"Ernest","lemma":"Ernest","morphology":"proper noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Ernest"},{"surface":"Christophe","lemma":"Christophe","morphology":"proper noun, masculine, singular","role":"depends on Ernest","gloss":"Christophe"}]},{"number":2,"label":"2","id":"danse-macabre-s2-l1","source":"Fière, autant qu'un vivant, de sa noble stature","translation":"Proud, as much as any living thing, of her noble stature,","stanza":2,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Fière","lemma":"fier","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"describes Elle (s2-l3)","gloss":"Proud"},{"surface":"autant","lemma":"autant","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Fière","gloss":"as much"},{"surface":"qu'","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces comparison clause with vivant","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"un","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of vivant","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"vivant","lemma":"vivant","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"compared to Fière (elliptical clause)","gloss":"living being"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking stature","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"sa","lemma":"son","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of stature","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"noble","lemma":"noble","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies stature","gloss":"noble"},{"surface":"stature","lemma":"stature","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique argument of Fière","gloss":"stature"}]},{"number":3,"label":"3","id":"danse-macabre-s2-l2","source":"Avec son gros bouquet, son mouchoir et ses gants","translation":"with her big bouquet, her handkerchief and her gloves,","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Avec","lemma":"avec","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bouquet","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"son","lemma":"son","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of bouquet","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"gros","lemma":"gros","morphology":"adjective, masculine","role":"modifies bouquet","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"bouquet","lemma":"bouquet","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of Avec","gloss":"bouquet"},{"surface":"son","lemma":"son","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of mouchoir","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"mouchoir","lemma":"mouchoir","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with bouquet","gloss":"handkerchief"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ses","lemma":"son","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of gants","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"gants","lemma":"gant","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with mouchoir","gloss":"gloves"}]},{"number":4,"label":"4","id":"danse-macabre-s2-l3","source":"Elle a la nonchalance et la désinvolture","translation":"she has the nonchalance and the easy carelessness","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Elle","lemma":"elle","morphology":"pronoun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of a","gloss":"She"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"avoir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of nonchalance","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"nonchalance","lemma":"nonchalance","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of a","gloss":"nonchalance"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of désinvolture","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"désinvolture","lemma":"désinvolture","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with nonchalance","gloss":"off-handedness"}]},{"number":5,"label":"5","id":"danse-macabre-s2-l4","source":"D'une coquette maigre aux airs extravagants.","translation":"of a thin coquette with extravagant airs.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"une coquette maigre","title":"coquette / désinvolture","body":"«une coquette» is a woman bent on charming and being admired; «la désinvolture» (s2-l3) is breezy, offhand self-assurance. The whole quatrain dresses the skeleton — «maigre», thin to the bone — in the manners of a flirt at a ball, the poem's central irony in miniature."}],"words":[{"surface":"D'","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking coquette","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"une","lemma":"un","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of coquette","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"coquette","lemma":"coquette","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique argument of désinvolture (previous line)","gloss":"coquette"},{"surface":"maigre","lemma":"maigre","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies coquette","gloss":"thin"},{"surface":"aux","lemma":"à","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking airs","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"airs","lemma":"air","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"depends on coquette","gloss":"airs"},{"surface":"extravagants","lemma":"extravagant","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies airs","gloss":"extravagant"}]},{"number":6,"label":"6","id":"danse-macabre-s3-l1","source":"Vit-on jamais au bal une taille plus mince?","translation":"Did one ever see at a ball a slimmer waist?","stanza":3,"audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Vit-on jamais","title":"passé simple + inversion","body":"«vit» is the passé simple (literary past) of «voir», with subject-verb inversion for the question: «Vit-on jamais…?» = 'Did one ever see…?'. Here «jamais», without «ne», keeps its older positive sense, 'ever'. The joke is bitter: no waist is slimmer than a skeleton's, because there is no flesh on it."}],"words":[{"surface":"Vit","lemma":"voir","morphology":"verb, simple past, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"did see"},{"surface":"-on","lemma":"on","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of Vit","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"jamais","lemma":"jamais","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Vit","gloss":"ever"},{"surface":"au","lemma":"au","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bal","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"bal","lemma":"bal","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique argument of Vit","gloss":"ball"},{"surface":"une","lemma":"un","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of taille","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"taille","lemma":"taille","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of Vit","gloss":"waist"},{"surface":"plus","lemma":"plus","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies mince","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"mince","lemma":"mince","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies taille","gloss":"slender"}]},{"number":7,"label":"7","id":"danse-macabre-s3-l2","source":"Sa robe exagérée, en sa royale ampleur,","translation":"Her exaggerated gown, in its royal fullness,","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sa","lemma":"son","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of robe","gloss":"Her"},{"surface":"robe","lemma":"robe","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of écroule (next line)","gloss":"gown"},{"surface":"exagérée","lemma":"exagéré","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies robe","gloss":"exaggerated"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ampleur","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"sa","lemma":"son","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of ampleur","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"royale","lemma":"royal","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies ampleur","gloss":"royal"},{"surface":"ampleur","lemma":"ampleur","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique argument of écroule (next line)","gloss":"fullness"}]},{"number":8,"label":"8","id":"danse-macabre-s3-l3","source":"S'écroule abondamment sur un pied sec que pince","translation":"tumbles down lavishly over a dry foot pinched","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"S'écroule","title":"Pronominal «s'écrouler»","body":"«s'écrouler» is the pronominal verb 'to collapse, to come tumbling down'. The gown's fabric cascades of its own weight «abondamment» (abundantly) to the floor. The relative «que pince / Un soulier» inverts the order — the subject «Un soulier pomponné» arrives only on the next line: 'a foot pinched by a bedizened shoe'."}],"words":[{"surface":"S'","lemma":"se","morphology":"pronoun, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of écroule","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"écroule","lemma":"écrouler","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"tumbles down"},{"surface":"abondamment","lemma":"abondamment","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies écroule","gloss":"lavishly"},{"surface":"sur","lemma":"sur","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pied","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"un","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of pied","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"pied","lemma":"pied","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique argument of écroule","gloss":"foot"},{"surface":"sec","lemma":"sec","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies pied","gloss":"dry"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"direct object of pince","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"pince","lemma":"pincer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"relative clause on pied","gloss":"pinches"}]},{"number":9,"label":"9","id":"danse-macabre-s3-l4","source":"Un soulier pomponné, joli comme une fleur.","translation":"by a bedizened shoe, pretty as a flower.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Un","lemma":"un","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of soulier","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"soulier","lemma":"soulier","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of pince (previous line)","gloss":"shoe"},{"surface":"pomponné","lemma":"pomponné","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies soulier","gloss":"beribboned"},{"surface":"joli","lemma":"joli","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies soulier","gloss":"pretty"},{"surface":"comme","lemma":"comme","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fleur","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"une","lemma":"un","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of fleur","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"fleur","lemma":"fleur","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique argument of joli","gloss":"flower"}]},{"number":10,"label":"10","id":"danse-macabre-s4-l1","source":"La ruche qui se joue au bord des clavicules,","translation":"The ruffle that plays at the edge of the collarbones,","stanza":4,"audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"La ruche","title":"une ruche (frill)","body":"Beyond its everyday meaning 'beehive', «une ruche» is a dressmaker's term for a gathered frill or ruffle of lace. Here it flutters «au bord des clavicules» — at the rim of the collarbones — the trim of a ballgown laid over bare bone."}],"words":[{"surface":"La","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of ruche","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"ruche","lemma":"ruche","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of Défend (line 3)","gloss":"ruffle"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of joue","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"pronoun, reflexive","role":"depends on joue","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"joue","lemma":"jouer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"relative clause on ruche","gloss":"plays"},{"surface":"au","lemma":"au","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bord","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"bord","lemma":"bord","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique argument of joue","gloss":"edge"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking clavicules","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"clavicules","lemma":"clavicule","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies bord","gloss":"collarbones"}]},{"number":11,"label":"11","id":"danse-macabre-s4-l2","source":"Comme un ruisseau lascif qui se frotte au rocher,","translation":"like a lascivious stream that rubs itself against the rock,","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Comme","lemma":"comme","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ruisseau","gloss":"Like"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"un","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ruisseau","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ruisseau","lemma":"ruisseau","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"compared to ruche (via Comme)","gloss":"stream"},{"surface":"lascif","lemma":"lascif","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies ruisseau","gloss":"lascivious"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of frotte","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"pronoun, reflexive","role":"depends on frotte","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"frotte","lemma":"frotter","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"relative clause on ruisseau","gloss":"rubs"},{"surface":"au","lemma":"au","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rocher","gloss":"against"},{"surface":"rocher","lemma":"rocher","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique argument of frotte","gloss":"rock"}]},{"number":12,"label":"12","id":"danse-macabre-s4-l3","source":"Défend pudiquement des lazzi ridicules","translation":"modestly shields from ridiculous jeers","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"des lazzi ridicules","title":"les lazzi","body":"«les lazzi» (from Italian commedia dell'arte) are mocking gibes, coarse jokes. The frill «défend… des lazzi» — defends or shields the «funèbres appas» (the funereal charms) the skeleton wants to hide — from ridicule, like a coy woman guarding her modesty."}],"words":[{"surface":"Défend","lemma":"défendre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"shields"},{"surface":"pudiquement","lemma":"pudiquement","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Défend","gloss":"modestly"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lazzi","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"lazzi","lemma":"lazzi","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique argument of Défend","gloss":"jeers"},{"surface":"ridicules","lemma":"ridicule","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies lazzi","gloss":"ridiculous"}]},{"number":13,"label":"13","id":"danse-macabre-s4-l4","source":"Les funèbres appas qu'elle tient à cacher.","translation":"the funereal charms she is keen to conceal.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Les","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of funèbres","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"funèbres","lemma":"funèbre","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies appas","gloss":"funereal"},{"surface":"appas","lemma":"appas","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of Défend (previous line)","gloss":"charms"},{"surface":"qu'","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of cacher","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"elle","lemma":"elle","morphology":"pronoun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of tient","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"tient","lemma":"tenir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"relative clause on appas","gloss":"is keen"},{"surface":"à","lemma":"à","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of cacher","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"cacher","lemma":"cacher","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of tient","gloss":"conceal"}]},{"number":14,"label":"14","id":"danse-macabre-s5-l1","source":"Ses yeux profonds sont faits de vide et de ténèbres,","translation":"Her deep eyes are made of void and of darkness,","stanza":5,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ses","lemma":"son","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of yeux","gloss":"Her"},{"surface":"yeux","lemma":"oeil","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of passive faits","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"profonds","lemma":"profond","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies yeux","gloss":"deep"},{"surface":"sont","lemma":"être","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"passive auxiliary of faits","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"faits","lemma":"faire","morphology":"verb, past, passive, participle, masculine, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vide","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"vide","lemma":"vide","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique argument of faits","gloss":"void"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ténèbres","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"ténèbres","lemma":"ténèbre","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"coordinated with vide","gloss":"darkness"}]},{"number":15,"label":"15","id":"danse-macabre-s5-l2","source":"Et son crâne, de fleurs artistement coiffé,","translation":"and her skull, artfully coiffed with flowers,","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"son","lemma":"son","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of crâne","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"crâne","lemma":"crâne","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of Oscille (next line)","gloss":"skull"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fleurs","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"fleurs","lemma":"fleur","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique argument of coiffé","gloss":"flowers"},{"surface":"artistement","lemma":"artistement","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies coiffé","gloss":"artfully"},{"surface":"coiffé","lemma":"coiffer","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"modifies crâne","gloss":"coiffed"}]},{"number":16,"label":"16","id":"danse-macabre-s5-l3","source":"Oscille mollement sur ses frêles vertèbres.","translation":"sways softly upon her frail vertebrae.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Oscille","lemma":"osciller","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sways"},{"surface":"mollement","lemma":"mollement","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Oscille","gloss":"softly"},{"surface":"sur","lemma":"sur","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vertèbres","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"ses","lemma":"son","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of vertèbres","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"frêles","lemma":"frêle","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies vertèbres","gloss":"frail"},{"surface":"vertèbres","lemma":"vertèbre","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique argument of Oscille","gloss":"vertebrae"}]},{"number":17,"label":"17","id":"danse-macabre-s5-l4","source":"Ô charme d'un néant follement attifé.","translation":"O charm of a nothingness madly decked out.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"un néant follement attifé","title":"néant / attifer","body":"«le néant» is 'nothingness, the void' — a key word in Baudelaire for death and emptiness. «attifer» = 'to dress up, to deck out' (often slightly mocking). The skull is a «néant» dolled up with flowers: emptiness tricked out in finery, the whole poem's vision in one line."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ô","lemma":"ô","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamatory particle introducing charme","gloss":"O"},{"surface":"charme","lemma":"charme","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"charm"},{"surface":"d'","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking néant","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"un","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of néant","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"néant","lemma":"néant","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies charme","gloss":"nothingness"},{"surface":"follement","lemma":"follement","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies attifé","gloss":"madly"},{"surface":"attifé","lemma":"attifer","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"modifies néant","gloss":"decked out"}]},{"number":18,"label":"18","id":"danse-macabre-s6-l1","source":"Aucuns t'appelleront une caricature,","translation":"Some will call you a caricature,","stanza":6,"audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Aucuns t'appelleront","title":"«aucuns» = 'some'","body":"Archaically and poetically, the plural «aucuns» means 'some, certain people' (the positive sense, with no «ne»). «Aucuns t'appelleront…» = 'Some will call you…'. The poet then dismisses them as «amants ivres de chair» — lovers drunk on flesh — who miss the elegance of the bare frame."}],"words":[{"surface":"Aucuns","lemma":"aucun","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of appelleront","gloss":"Some"},{"surface":"t'","lemma":"te","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"depends on appelleront","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"appelleront","lemma":"appeler","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"will call"},{"surface":"une","lemma":"un","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of caricature","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"caricature","lemma":"caricature","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of appelleront","gloss":"caricature"}]},{"number":19,"label":"19","id":"danse-macabre-s6-l2","source":"Qui ne comprennent pas, amants ivres de chair,","translation":"who do not understand — lovers drunk on flesh —","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of comprennent","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"ne","lemma":"ne","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies comprennent","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"comprennent","lemma":"comprendre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"pas","lemma":"pas","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies comprennent","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"amants","lemma":"amant","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"in apposition to Qui","gloss":"lovers"},{"surface":"ivres","lemma":"ivre","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies amants","gloss":"drunk"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking chair","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"chair","lemma":"chair","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique argument of ivres","gloss":"flesh"}]},{"number":20,"label":"20","id":"danse-macabre-s6-l3","source":"L'élégance sans nom de l'humaine armature.","translation":"the nameless elegance of the human framework.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"L'","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of élégance","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"élégance","lemma":"élégance","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of comprennent (previous line)","gloss":"elegance"},{"surface":"sans","lemma":"sans","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nom","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"nom","lemma":"nom","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies élégance","gloss":"name"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking armature","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"l'","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of armature","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"humaine","lemma":"humain","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies armature","gloss":"human"},{"surface":"armature","lemma":"armature","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of de, modifies élégance","gloss":"framework"}]},{"number":21,"label":"21","id":"danse-macabre-s6-l4","source":"Tu réponds, grand squelette, à mon goût le plus cher!","translation":"You answer, great skeleton, to my dearest taste!","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Tu réponds... à mon goût","title":"«répondre à» = to suit, to match","body":"«répondre à» here means 'to answer to, to correspond to, to satisfy' — not 'to reply'. «Tu réponds à mon goût le plus cher» = 'you suit my dearest taste'. The poet declares the skeleton, not the fleshly dancers, the thing he most prefers."}],"words":[{"surface":"Tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, singular","role":"subject of réponds","gloss":"You"},{"surface":"réponds","lemma":"répondre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"answer"},{"surface":"grand","lemma":"grand","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies squelette","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"squelette","lemma":"squelette","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition to Tu","gloss":"skeleton"},{"surface":"à","lemma":"à","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking goût","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"mon","lemma":"mon","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of goût","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"goût","lemma":"goût","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"depends on réponds","gloss":"taste"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"part of superlative, determiner of cher","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"plus","lemma":"plus","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies cher","gloss":"most"},{"surface":"cher","lemma":"cher","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies goût","gloss":"dear"}]},{"number":22,"label":"22","id":"danse-macabre-s7-l1","source":"Viens-tu troubler, avec ta puissante grimace,","translation":"Do you come to disturb, with your powerful grimace,","stanza":7,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Viens","lemma":"venir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"do you come"},{"surface":"tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, singular","role":"subject of Viens","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"troubler","lemma":"troubler","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of Viens","gloss":"to disturb"},{"surface":"avec","lemma":"avec","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking grimace","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"ta","lemma":"ton","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of grimace","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"puissante","lemma":"puissant","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies grimace","gloss":"powerful"},{"surface":"grimace","lemma":"grimace","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique argument of troubler","gloss":"grimace"}]},{"number":23,"label":"23","id":"danse-macabre-s7-l2","source":"La fête de la Vie? ou quelque vieux désir,","translation":"the feast of Life? or does some old desire,","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"La","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of fête","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"fête","lemma":"fête","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of troubler (previous line)","gloss":"feast"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Vie","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of Vie","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Vie","lemma":"vie","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies fête","gloss":"Life"},{"surface":"ou","lemma":"ou","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"quelque","lemma":"quelque","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of désir","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"vieux","lemma":"vieux","morphology":"adjective, masculine","role":"modifies désir","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"désir","lemma":"désir","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of pousse (s7-l4)","gloss":"desire"}]},{"number":24,"label":"24","id":"danse-macabre-s7-l3","source":"Eperonnant encor ta vivante carcasse,","translation":"still spurring on your living carcass,","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Eperonnant encor","title":"éperonner / encor","body":"«éperonner» = 'to spur on' (from «un éperon», a spur). «encor» is the poetic spelling of «encore» ('still, yet'), used to save a syllable in the alexandrine. The present participle hangs on «quelque vieux désir» of the previous line: 'or does some old desire, still spurring your living carcass, drive you…?'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Eperonnant","lemma":"éperonner","morphology":"verb, present, participle","role":"adverbial clause on désir (previous line)","gloss":"spurring on"},{"surface":"encor","lemma":"encor","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Eperonnant","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"ta","lemma":"ton","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of carcasse","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"vivante","lemma":"vivant","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies carcasse","gloss":"living"},{"surface":"carcasse","lemma":"carcasse","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of Eperonnant","gloss":"carcass"}]},{"number":25,"label":"25","id":"danse-macabre-s7-l4","source":"Te pousse-t-il, crédule, au sabbat du Plaisir?","translation":"drive you, credulous one, to the sabbath of Pleasure?","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Te","lemma":"te","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, singular","role":"direct object of pousse","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"pousse-t-il","lemma":"pousser","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular (inverted subject il)","role":"main verb of the sentence, subject désir (line 2)","gloss":"drives"},{"surface":"crédule","lemma":"crédule","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition to Te","gloss":"credulous"},{"surface":"au","lemma":"au","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sabbat","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"sabbat","lemma":"sabbat","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique argument of pousse","gloss":"sabbath"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Plaisir","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Plaisir","lemma":"plaisir","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies sabbat","gloss":"Pleasure"}]},{"number":26,"label":"26","id":"danse-macabre-s8-l1","source":"Au chant des violons, aux flammes des bougies,","translation":"By the song of the violins, by the flames of the candles,","stanza":8,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Au","lemma":"au","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking chant","gloss":"By"},{"surface":"chant","lemma":"chant","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique argument of Espères (next line)","gloss":"song"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking violons","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"violons","lemma":"violon","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies chant","gloss":"violins"},{"surface":"aux","lemma":"à","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking flammes","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"flammes","lemma":"flamme","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"coordinated with chant, oblique argument of Espères","gloss":"flames"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bougies","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"bougies","lemma":"bougie","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies flammes","gloss":"candles"}]},{"number":27,"label":"27","id":"danse-macabre-s8-l2","source":"Espères-tu chasser ton cauchemar moqueur,","translation":"do you hope to drive off your mocking nightmare,","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Espères","lemma":"espérer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"do you hope"},{"surface":"tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, singular","role":"subject of Espères","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"chasser","lemma":"chasser","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of Espères","gloss":"to drive off"},{"surface":"ton","lemma":"ton","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of cauchemar","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"cauchemar","lemma":"cauchemar","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of chasser","gloss":"nightmare"},{"surface":"moqueur","lemma":"moqueur","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies cauchemar","gloss":"mocking"}]},{"number":28,"label":"28","id":"danse-macabre-s8-l3","source":"Et viens-tu demander au torrent des orgies","translation":"and do you come to ask of the torrent of orgies","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"viens","lemma":"venir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"do you come"},{"surface":"tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, singular","role":"subject of viens","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"demander","lemma":"demander","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of viens","gloss":"to ask"},{"surface":"au","lemma":"au","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking torrent","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"torrent","lemma":"torrent","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique argument of demander","gloss":"torrent"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking orgies","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"orgies","lemma":"orgie","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies torrent","gloss":"orgies"}]},{"number":29,"label":"29","id":"danse-macabre-s8-l4","source":"De rafraîchir l'enfer allumé dans ton coeur?","translation":"to cool the hell kindled within your heart?","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"demander... De rafraîchir","title":"«demander à qqn de» + infinitive","body":"The construction is «demander à [the torrent of orgies] de [rafraîchir]» — 'to ask the torrent of orgies to cool…'. French uses «de» before the infinitive complement of «demander». The clause straddles the line break: «viens-tu demander au torrent… / De rafraîchir l'enfer…?»."}],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of rafraîchir","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"rafraîchir","lemma":"rafraîchir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of demander (previous line)","gloss":"to cool"},{"surface":"l'","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of enfer","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"enfer","lemma":"enfer","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of rafraîchir","gloss":"hell"},{"surface":"allumé","lemma":"allumer","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"modifies enfer","gloss":"kindled"},{"surface":"dans","lemma":"dans","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking coeur","gloss":"within"},{"surface":"ton","lemma":"ton","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of coeur","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"coeur","lemma":"coeur","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique argument of allumé","gloss":"heart"}]},{"number":30,"label":"30","id":"danse-macabre-s9-l1","source":"Inépuisable puits de sottise et de fautes!","translation":"Inexhaustible well of folly and of sins!","stanza":9,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Inépuisable","lemma":"inépuisable","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies puits","gloss":"inexhaustible"},{"surface":"puits","lemma":"puits","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sottise","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"sottise","lemma":"sottise","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies puits","gloss":"folly"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fautes","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"fautes","lemma":"faute","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"coordinated with sottise","gloss":"sins"}]},{"number":31,"label":"31","id":"danse-macabre-s9-l2","source":"De l'antique douleur éternel alambic!","translation":"Eternal alembic of the age-old sorrow!","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"éternel alambic","title":"un alambic","body":"«un alambic» is an alembic — the still used to distill liquids. The skeleton, addressed as the «alambic» of «l'antique douleur» (ancient grief), is the vessel that endlessly distills humanity's oldest pain. The phrase inverts normal order: «De l'antique douleur éternel alambic» = 'eternal alembic of the ancient sorrow'."}],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking douleur","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"l'","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of douleur","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"antique","lemma":"antique","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies douleur","gloss":"age-old"},{"surface":"douleur","lemma":"douleur","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies alambic","gloss":"sorrow"},{"surface":"éternel","lemma":"éternel","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies alambic","gloss":"eternal"},{"surface":"alambic","lemma":"alambic","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"alembic"}]},{"number":32,"label":"32","id":"danse-macabre-s9-l3","source":"À travers le treillis recourbé de tes côtes","translation":"Through the curved lattice of your ribs","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"À","lemma":"à","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the idiom à travers","gloss":"through","note":"'à travers' is a single idiom meaning 'through'."},{"surface":"travers","lemma":"travers","morphology":"noun, masculine","role":"part of the idiom à travers","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of treillis","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"treillis","lemma":"treillis","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"lattice"},{"surface":"recourbé","lemma":"recourbé","morphology":"adjective (past participle), masculine, singular","role":"modifies treillis","gloss":"curved"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking côtes","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"tes","lemma":"ton","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of côtes","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"côtes","lemma":"côte","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies treillis","gloss":"ribs"}]},{"number":33,"label":"33","id":"danse-macabre-s9-l4","source":"Je vois, errant encor, l'insatiable aspic.","translation":"I see, still wandering, the insatiable asp.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"l'insatiable aspic","title":"un aspic","body":"«un aspic» is an asp, the venomous snake (the one Cleopatra used). Glimpsed «errant encor» (still wandering) through the cage of the ribs, the «insatiable aspic» is desire or appetite itself, never sated even in death — coiled where the entrails once were."}],"words":[{"surface":"Je","lemma":"je","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of vois","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"vois","lemma":"voir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"errant","lemma":"errer","morphology":"verb, present, participle","role":"modifies aspic","gloss":"wandering"},{"surface":"encor","lemma":"encor","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies errant","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"l'","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of aspic","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"insatiable","lemma":"insatiable","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies aspic","gloss":"insatiable"},{"surface":"aspic","lemma":"aspic","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of vois","gloss":"asp"}]},{"number":34,"label":"34","id":"danse-macabre-s10-l1","source":"Pour dire vrai, je crains que ta coquetterie","translation":"To tell the truth, I fear that your coquetry","stanza":10,"audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"je crains que ta coquetterie / Ne trouve pas","title":"«craindre que» + subjunctive","body":"«craindre que» ('to fear that') governs the subjunctive: «trouve» is the present subjunctive of «trouver». «je crains que ta coquetterie ne trouve pas un prix» = 'I fear that your coquetry may not find a reward'. Here «ne trouve pas» is a true negative ('may not find'), not the optional expletive «ne»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Pour","lemma":"pour","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of dire","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"dire","lemma":"dire","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on crains","gloss":"tell"},{"surface":"vrai","lemma":"vrai","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies dire","gloss":"truth","note":"'pour dire vrai' is the idiom 'to tell the truth'."},{"surface":"je","lemma":"je","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of crains","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"crains","lemma":"craindre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"fear"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on crains","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ta","lemma":"ton","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of coquetterie","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"coquetterie","lemma":"coquetterie","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of trouve (next line)","gloss":"coquetry"}]},{"number":35,"label":"35","id":"danse-macabre-s10-l2","source":"Ne trouve pas un prix digne de ses efforts","translation":"may not find a reward worthy of its efforts.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ne","lemma":"ne","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies trouve","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"trouve","lemma":"trouver","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the clause (subject: coquetterie, previous line)","gloss":"find"},{"surface":"pas","lemma":"pas","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies trouve","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"un","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of prix","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"prix","lemma":"prix","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of trouve","gloss":"reward"},{"surface":"digne","lemma":"digne","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies prix","gloss":"worthy"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking efforts","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"ses","lemma":"son","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of efforts","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"efforts","lemma":"effort","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique argument of digne","gloss":"efforts"}]},{"number":36,"label":"36","id":"danse-macabre-s10-l3","source":"Qui, de ces coeurs mortels, entend la raillerie?","translation":"Who, among these mortal hearts, grasps the mockery?","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, interrogative","role":"subject of entend","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking coeurs","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"ces","lemma":"ce","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of coeurs","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"coeurs","lemma":"coeur","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique argument of entend","gloss":"hearts"},{"surface":"mortels","lemma":"mortel","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies coeurs","gloss":"mortal"},{"surface":"entend","lemma":"entendre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"grasps"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of raillerie","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"raillerie","lemma":"raillerie","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of entend","gloss":"mockery"}]},{"number":37,"label":"37","id":"danse-macabre-s10-l4","source":"Les charmes de l'horreur n'enivrent que les forts!","translation":"The charms of horror intoxicate only the strong!","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"n'enivrent que les forts","title":"ne… que = 'only'","body":"«ne… que» is the restrictive 'only': «n'enivrent que les forts» = 'intoxicate only the strong'. «enivrer» = 'to intoxicate, to make drunk'. The line states the poem's creed: only strong spirits can be thrilled rather than sickened by «les charmes de l'horreur»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Les","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of charmes","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"charmes","lemma":"charme","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of enivrent","gloss":"charms"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking horreur","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"l'","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of horreur","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"horreur","lemma":"horreur","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies charmes","gloss":"horror"},{"surface":"n'","lemma":"ne","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies enivrent","gloss":"not","note":"'ne ... que' together mean 'only'."},{"surface":"enivrent","lemma":"enivrer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"intoxicate"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"adverb","role":"pairs with n' to mean 'only'","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"les","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of forts","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"forts","lemma":"fort","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of enivrent","gloss":"strong"}]},{"number":38,"label":"38","id":"danse-macabre-s11-l1","source":"Le gouffre de tes yeux, plein d'horribles pensées,","translation":"The abyss of your eyes, full of horrible thoughts,","stanza":11,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of gouffre","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"gouffre","lemma":"gouffre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"abyss"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking yeux","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"tes","lemma":"ton","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of yeux","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"yeux","lemma":"oeil","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies gouffre","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"plein","lemma":"plein","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies gouffre","gloss":"full"},{"surface":"d'","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pensées","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"horribles","lemma":"horrible","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies pensées","gloss":"horrible"},{"surface":"pensées","lemma":"pensée","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique argument of plein","gloss":"thoughts"}]},{"number":39,"label":"39","id":"danse-macabre-s11-l2","source":"Exhale le vertige, et les danseurs prudents","translation":"breathes out vertigo, and the prudent dancers","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Exhale","lemma":"exhaler","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence (subject: gouffre, previous line)","gloss":"breathes out"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of vertige","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"vertige","lemma":"vertige","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of Exhale","gloss":"vertigo"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"les","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of danseurs","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"danseurs","lemma":"danseur","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"dancers"},{"surface":"prudents","lemma":"prudent","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies danseurs","gloss":"prudent"}]},{"number":40,"label":"40","id":"danse-macabre-s11-l3","source":"Ne contempleront pas sans d'amères nausées","translation":"will not gaze, without bitter nausea,","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ne","lemma":"ne","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies contempleront","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"contempleront","lemma":"contempler","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence (subject: danseurs, previous line)","gloss":"will gaze"},{"surface":"pas","lemma":"pas","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies contempleront","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"sans","lemma":"sans","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nausées","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"d'","lemma":"de","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of nausées","gloss":"some","note":"partitive 'de' used after 'sans' before a plural adjective+noun."},{"surface":"amères","lemma":"amer","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies nausées","gloss":"bitter"},{"surface":"nausées","lemma":"nausée","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique argument of contempleront","gloss":"nausea"}]},{"number":41,"label":"41","id":"danse-macabre-s11-l4","source":"Le sourire éternel de tes trente-deux dents.","translation":"upon the eternal smile of your thirty-two teeth.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of sourire","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sourire","lemma":"sourire","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"smile"},{"surface":"éternel","lemma":"éternel","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies sourire","gloss":"eternal"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dents","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"tes","lemma":"ton","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of dents","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"trente-deux","lemma":"trente-deux","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies dents","gloss":"thirty-two"},{"surface":"dents","lemma":"dent","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies sourire","gloss":"teeth"}]},{"number":42,"label":"42","id":"danse-macabre-s12-l1","source":"Pourtant, qui n'a serré dans ses bras un squelette,","translation":"And yet, who has not clasped a skeleton in his arms,","stanza":12,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pourtant","lemma":"pourtant","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies serré","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of serré","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"n'","lemma":"ne","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies serré","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"avoir","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"depends on serré","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"serré","lemma":"serrer","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"clasped"},{"surface":"dans","lemma":"dans","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bras","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"ses","lemma":"son","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of bras","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"bras","lemma":"bras","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique argument of serré","gloss":"arms"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"un","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of squelette","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"squelette","lemma":"squelette","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of serré","gloss":"skeleton"}]},{"number":43,"label":"43","id":"danse-macabre-s12-l2","source":"Et qui ne s'est nourri des choses du tombeau?","translation":"and who has not fed on the things of the tomb?","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"qui ne s'est nourri","title":"Pronominal «se nourrir» in the perfect","body":"«se nourrir de» = 'to feed on, to nourish oneself with'. In the passé composé it takes «être»: «s'est nourri». «qui ne s'est nourri des choses du tombeau?» = 'who has not fed on the things of the tomb?'. The rhetorical question levels everyone — we all consume what death has touched."}],"words":[{"surface":"Et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of nourri","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"ne","lemma":"ne","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies nourri","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"s'","lemma":"se","morphology":"pronoun, reflexive","role":"depends on nourri","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"est","lemma":"être","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"depends on nourri","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"nourri","lemma":"nourrir","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"fed"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition, contracted with le, plural","role":"preposition marking choses (oblique argument of nourri)","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"choses","lemma":"chose","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"oblique argument of nourri","gloss":"things"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tombeau","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"tombeau","lemma":"tombeau","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies choses","gloss":"tomb"}]},{"number":44,"label":"44","id":"danse-macabre-s12-l3","source":"Qu'importe le parfum, l'habit ou la toilette?","translation":"What does the perfume, the dress, or the finery matter?","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Qu'","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun, interrogative","role":"subject of importe","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"importe","lemma":"importer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"matter"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of parfum","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"parfum","lemma":"parfum","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of importe","gloss":"perfume"},{"surface":"l'","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of habit","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"habit","lemma":"habit","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with parfum","gloss":"dress"},{"surface":"ou","lemma":"ou","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of toilette","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"toilette","lemma":"toilette","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with parfum","gloss":"finery"}]},{"number":45,"label":"45","id":"danse-macabre-s12-l4","source":"Qui fait le dégoûté montre qu'il se croit beau.","translation":"Who plays the squeamish shows that he thinks himself fair.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Qui fait le dégoûté","title":"«faire le» + adjective = to act/play","body":"«faire le + adjective» means 'to act the…, to play at being…': «faire le dégoûté» = 'to play the squeamish one, to put on disgust'. The reflexive «se croit beau» = 'thinks himself handsome'. The point: whoever recoils at the skeleton is only flattering his own perishable flesh."}],"words":[{"surface":"Qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of fait","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"fait","lemma":"faire","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"verb of the subject clause 'Qui fait le dégoûté' (subject of montre)","gloss":"plays","note":"'faire le dégoûté' is an idiom, 'to play the squeamish one'."},{"surface":"le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of dégoûté","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"dégoûté","lemma":"dégoûté","morphology":"adjective used as noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of fait","gloss":"squeamish one"},{"surface":"montre","lemma":"montrer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"shows"},{"surface":"qu'","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of croit","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"il","lemma":"il","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of croit","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"pronoun, reflexive","role":"depends on croit","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"croit","lemma":"croire","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of montre","gloss":"thinks"},{"surface":"beau","lemma":"beau","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of croit","gloss":"fair"}]},{"number":46,"label":"46","id":"danse-macabre-s13-l1","source":"Bayadère sans nez, irrésistible gouge,","translation":"Noseless dancing-girl, irresistible drab,","stanza":13,"audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Bayadère sans nez, irrésistible gouge","title":"bayadère / gouge","body":"«une bayadère» is a Hindu temple dancing-girl, a byword in the period for exotic, sensual dance. «une gouge» is an old, low word for a camp-follower or wench. The skeleton is hailed as both at once — alluring dancer and coarse harlot — and «sans nez», noseless, because the cartilage rots first."}],"words":[{"surface":"Bayadère","lemma":"bayadère","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"dancing-girl"},{"surface":"sans","lemma":"sans","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nez","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"nez","lemma":"nez","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Bayadère","gloss":"nose"},{"surface":"irrésistible","lemma":"irrésistible","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies gouge","gloss":"irresistible"},{"surface":"gouge","lemma":"gouge","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with Bayadère","gloss":"drab"}]},{"number":47,"label":"47","id":"danse-macabre-s13-l2","source":"Dis donc à ces danseurs qui font les offusqués:","translation":"Go on, say to these dancers who play the offended:","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Dis donc... qui font les offusqués","title":"Imperative + «faire les» + adjective","body":"«Dis» is the imperative of «dire»; «donc» urges it on ('go on, do tell'). «faire les offusqués» repeats the «faire le» idiom (see s12-l4) in the plural: 'to play the offended, to act scandalized'. The skeleton is told to round on the prim dancers — and the long quotation that follows runs to the end of the poem."}],"words":[{"surface":"Dis","lemma":"dire","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"say"},{"surface":"donc","lemma":"donc","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Dis","gloss":"go on"},{"surface":"à","lemma":"à","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking danseurs","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ces","lemma":"ce","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of danseurs","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"danseurs","lemma":"danseur","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"dancers"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of font","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"font","lemma":"faire","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"relative clause on danseurs","gloss":"play","note":"'faire les offusqués' is an idiom, 'to play the offended'."},{"surface":"les","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of offusqués","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"offusqués","lemma":"offusqué","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of font","gloss":"offended"}]},{"number":48,"label":"48","id":"danse-macabre-s13-l3","source":"«Fiers mignons, malgré l'art des poudres et du rouge","translation":"\"Proud darlings, despite the art of powders and of rouge,","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Fiers","lemma":"fier","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies mignons","gloss":"proud"},{"surface":"mignons","lemma":"mignon","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"darlings"},{"surface":"malgré","lemma":"malgré","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking art","gloss":"despite"},{"surface":"l'","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of art","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"art","lemma":"art","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of malgré","gloss":"art"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition, contracted with le, plural","role":"preposition marking poudres","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"poudres","lemma":"poudre","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies art","gloss":"powders"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rouge","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"rouge","lemma":"rouge","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with poudres","gloss":"rouge"}]},{"number":49,"label":"49","id":"danse-macabre-s13-l4","source":"Vous sentez tous la mort! Ô squelettes musqués,","translation":"you all smell of death! O musk-scented skeletons,","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Vous sentez tous la mort","title":"«sentir» = to smell of","body":"«sentir» followed by a noun means 'to smell of': «vous sentez tous la mort» = 'you all smell of death'. Under the powder and rouge, the living dancers already give off the odor of the grave — they are «squelettes musqués», skeletons that have merely perfumed themselves with musk."}],"words":[{"surface":"Vous","lemma":"vous","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"subject of sentez","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"sentez","lemma":"sentir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"smell"},{"surface":"tous","lemma":"tout","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies Vous","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of mort","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mort","lemma":"mort","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of sentez","gloss":"death"},{"surface":"Ô","lemma":"ô","morphology":"interjection","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"O"},{"surface":"squelettes","lemma":"squelette","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"skeletons"},{"surface":"musqués","lemma":"musqué","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies squelettes","gloss":"musk-scented"}]},{"number":50,"label":"50","id":"danse-macabre-s14-l1","source":"Antinoüs flétris, dandys à face glabre,","translation":"Withered Antinoüses, dandies with hairless faces,","stanza":14,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Antinoüs","lemma":"Antinoüs","morphology":"proper noun, masculine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Antinoüses","note":"Antinoüs, Hadrian's beautiful favorite, used generically for beautiful young men."},{"surface":"flétris","lemma":"flétri","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies Antinoüs","gloss":"withered"},{"surface":"dandys","lemma":"dandy","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with Antinoüs","gloss":"dandies"},{"surface":"à","lemma":"à","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking face","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"face","lemma":"face","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique argument of dandys","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"glabre","lemma":"glabre","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies face","gloss":"hairless"}]},{"number":51,"label":"51","id":"danse-macabre-s14-l2","source":"Cadavres vernissés, lovelaces chenus,","translation":"varnished corpses, hoary Lovelaces,","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Cadavres","lemma":"cadavre","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"corpses"},{"surface":"vernissés","lemma":"vernisser","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, plural","role":"modifies Cadavres","gloss":"varnished"},{"surface":"lovelaces","lemma":"lovelace","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with Cadavres","gloss":"Lovelaces","note":"Lovelace: the seducer of Richardson's Clarissa, used generically."},{"surface":"chenus","lemma":"chenu","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies lovelaces","gloss":"hoary"}]},{"number":52,"label":"52","id":"danse-macabre-s14-l3","source":"Le branle universel de la danse macabre","translation":"The universal reel of the dance of death","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Le branle universel de la danse macabre","title":"un branle / la danse macabre","body":"«un branle» is an old round-dance in which the dancers swing side to side. «la danse macabre» is the medieval Dance of Death, in which Death leads people of every rank — pope, king, peasant — away to the grave (the image that gives the poem its title). The «branle universel» is that dance, sweeping in everyone alive."}],"words":[{"surface":"Le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of branle","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"branle","lemma":"branle","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"reel"},{"surface":"universel","lemma":"universel","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies branle","gloss":"universal"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking danse","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of danse","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"danse","lemma":"danse","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies branle","gloss":"dance"},{"surface":"macabre","lemma":"macabre","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies danse","gloss":"macabre"}]},{"number":53,"label":"53","id":"danse-macabre-s14-l4","source":"Vous entraîne en des lieux qui ne sont pas connus!","translation":"sweeps you off to places that are not known!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vous","lemma":"vous","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"direct object of entraîne","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"entraîne","lemma":"entraîner","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence (subject: branle, previous line)","gloss":"sweeps off"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lieux","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"un","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of lieux","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"lieux","lemma":"lieu","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique argument of entraîne","gloss":"places"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of connus","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ne","lemma":"ne","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies connus","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"sont","lemma":"être","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"passive auxiliary of connus","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"pas","lemma":"pas","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies connus","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"connus","lemma":"connaître","morphology":"verb, past, passive, participle, masculine, plural","role":"relative clause on lieux","gloss":"known"}]},{"number":54,"label":"54","id":"danse-macabre-s15-l1","source":"Des quais froids de la Seine aux bords brûlants du Gange,","translation":"From the cold banks of the Seine to the burning shores of the Ganges,","stanza":15,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Des","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition, contracted with le, plural","role":"preposition marking quais","gloss":"from the"},{"surface":"quais","lemma":"quai","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"banks"},{"surface":"froids","lemma":"froid","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies quais","gloss":"cold"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Seine","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of Seine","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Seine","lemma":"Seine","morphology":"proper noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies quais","gloss":"Seine"},{"surface":"aux","lemma":"à","morphology":"preposition, contracted with le, plural","role":"preposition marking bords","gloss":"to the"},{"surface":"bords","lemma":"bord","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with quais ('from ... to ...')","gloss":"shores"},{"surface":"brûlants","lemma":"brûlant","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies bords","gloss":"burning"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Gange","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"Gange","lemma":"Gange","morphology":"proper noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies bords","gloss":"Ganges"}]},{"number":55,"label":"55","id":"danse-macabre-s15-l2","source":"Le troupeau mortel saute et se pâme, sans voir","translation":"the mortal herd leaps and swoons, without seeing,","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"saute et se pâme","title":"se pâmer","body":"«se pâmer» is the pronominal verb 'to swoon, to faint with delight'. «Le troupeau mortel» (the mortal herd — all humankind, dancing) «saute et se pâme» — leaps and swoons with pleasure, blind to the trumpet of judgment gaping above them in the next lines."}],"words":[{"surface":"Le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of troupeau","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"troupeau","lemma":"troupeau","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of saute and pâme","gloss":"herd"},{"surface":"mortel","lemma":"mortel","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies troupeau","gloss":"mortal"},{"surface":"saute","lemma":"sauter","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence, coordinated with pâme","gloss":"leaps"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"pronoun, reflexive","role":"depends on pâme","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"pâme","lemma":"pâmer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence, coordinated with saute","gloss":"swoons"},{"surface":"sans","lemma":"sans","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of voir","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"voir","lemma":"voir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on pâme","gloss":"seeing"}]},{"number":56,"label":"56","id":"danse-macabre-s15-l3","source":"Dans un trou du plafond la trompette de l'Ange","translation":"in a hole in the ceiling the trumpet of the Angel","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dans","lemma":"dans","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking trou","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"un","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of trou","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"trou","lemma":"trou","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"hole"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking plafond","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"plafond","lemma":"plafond","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies trou","gloss":"ceiling"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of trompette","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"trompette","lemma":"trompette","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"trumpet"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Ange","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"l'","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Ange","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Ange","lemma":"Ange","morphology":"proper noun, singular","role":"modifies trompette","gloss":"Angel"}]},{"number":57,"label":"57","id":"danse-macabre-s15-l4","source":"Sinistrement béante ainsi qu'un tromblon noir.","translation":"gaping ominously like a black blunderbuss.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sinistrement","lemma":"sinistrement","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies béante","gloss":"ominously"},{"surface":"béante","lemma":"béant","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies trompette (previous line)","gloss":"gaping"},{"surface":"ainsi","lemma":"ainsi","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the idiom ainsi que","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"qu'","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the idiom ainsi que","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"un","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of tromblon","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"tromblon","lemma":"tromblon","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of the comparison (ainsi que)","gloss":"blunderbuss"},{"surface":"noir","lemma":"noir","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies tromblon","gloss":"black"}]},{"number":58,"label":"58","id":"danse-macabre-s16-l1","source":"En tout climat, sous tout soleil, la Mort t'admire","translation":"In every climate, under every sun, Death admires you","stanza":16,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"En","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking climat","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"tout","lemma":"tout","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of climat","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"climat","lemma":"climat","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique argument of admire","gloss":"climate"},{"surface":"sous","lemma":"sous","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking soleil","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"tout","lemma":"tout","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of soleil","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"soleil","lemma":"soleil","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique argument of admire","gloss":"sun"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of Mort","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Mort","lemma":"mort","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of admire","gloss":"Death"},{"surface":"t'","lemma":"te","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of admire","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"admire","lemma":"admirer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"admires"}]},{"number":59,"label":"59","id":"danse-macabre-s16-l2","source":"En tes contorsions, risible Humanité","translation":"in your contortions, laughable Humanity,","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"En","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking contorsions","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"tes","lemma":"ton","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of contorsions","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"contorsions","lemma":"contorsion","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"contortions"},{"surface":"risible","lemma":"risible","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Humanité","gloss":"laughable"},{"surface":"Humanité","lemma":"Humanité","morphology":"proper noun","role":"head of the phrase (vocative)","gloss":"Humanity"}]},{"number":60,"label":"60","id":"danse-macabre-s16-l3","source":"Et souvent, comme toi, se parfumant de myrrhe,","translation":"and often, like you, perfuming herself with myrrh,","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"souvent","lemma":"souvent","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies parfumant","gloss":"often"},{"surface":"comme","lemma":"comme","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"preposition marking toi","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"toi","lemma":"toi","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"depends on parfumant","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"pronoun, reflexive","role":"reflexive particle of parfumant","gloss":"herself"},{"surface":"parfumant","lemma":"parfumer","morphology":"verb, present, participle","role":"participial clause describing Humanité (main verb: Mêle, next line)","gloss":"perfuming"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking myrrhe","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"myrrhe","lemma":"myrrhe","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique argument of parfumant","gloss":"myrrh"}]},{"number":61,"label":"61","id":"danse-macabre-s16-l4","source":"Mêle son ironie à ton insanité!»","translation":"mingles her irony with your madness!\"","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Mêle","lemma":"mêler","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence (subject: Humanité, two lines up)","gloss":"mingles"},{"surface":"son","lemma":"son","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of ironie","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"ironie","lemma":"ironie","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of Mêle","gloss":"irony"},{"surface":"à","lemma":"à","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking insanité","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"ton","lemma":"ton","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of insanité","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"insanité","lemma":"insanité","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique argument of Mêle","gloss":"madness"}]}]}