{"work":{"slug":"baudelaire","title":{"source":"Les Fleurs du mal","translated":"The Flowers of Evil"},"author":"Charles Baudelaire","language":"French","languageCode":"fr","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/baudelaire"},"unit":{"kind":"poem","number":null,"id":"elevation","title":{"source":"Élévation","translated":"Elevation"},"section":"Spleen and Ideal","summary":null,"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/baudelaire/elevation","lines":20},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/books/baudelaire/l-albatros","next":"https://1732studios.com/books/baudelaire/correspondances","license":"Source text: public domain (Charles Baudelaire, d. 1867). English translation: © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC — original draft, pending editorial review.","audioBase":null,"lines":[{"number":1,"label":"1","id":"elevation-s1-l1","source":"Au-dessus des étangs, au-dessus des vallées,","translation":"Above the ponds, above the valleys,","stanza":1,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Au","lemma":"à","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the compound au-dessus de, marking étangs","gloss":"above","note":"Au-dessus de means 'above'; here the tokenizer splits it into 'Au' + 'dessus.'"},{"surface":"dessus","lemma":"dessus","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the compound au-dessus de, marking étangs","gloss":"above"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking étangs","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"étangs","lemma":"étang","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"object of au-dessus de","gloss":"ponds"},{"surface":"au-dessus","lemma":"au-dessus","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vallées","gloss":"above"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vallées","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"vallées","lemma":"vallée","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"object of au-dessus","gloss":"valleys"}]},{"number":2,"label":"2","id":"elevation-s1-l2","source":"Des montagnes, des bois, des nuages, des mers,","translation":"the mountains, the woods, the clouds, the seas,","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Des","lemma":"de","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of montagnes","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"montagnes","lemma":"montagne","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"coordinated with étangs/vallées (previous line, list continues)","gloss":"mountains"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"de","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of bois","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"bois","lemma":"bois","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with montagnes","gloss":"woods"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"de","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of nuages","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"nuages","lemma":"nuage","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with montagnes","gloss":"clouds"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"de","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of mers","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mers","lemma":"mer","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"coordinated with montagnes","gloss":"seas"}]},{"number":3,"label":"3","id":"elevation-s1-l3","source":"Par delà le soleil, par delà les éthers,","translation":"beyond the sun, beyond the ethers,","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"par delà","title":"«par delà»","body":"«par delà» (also spelled «par-delà») means 'beyond, past, on the far side of'. It is more elevated and more spatial than the plain «au-delà de». Baudelaire repeats it to push the flight ever higher — «par delà le soleil, par delà les éthers», beyond even the upper air."}],"words":[{"surface":"Par","lemma":"par","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the compound par delà, marking soleil","gloss":"beyond"},{"surface":"delà","lemma":"delà","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the compound par delà, marking soleil","gloss":"beyond"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of soleil","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"soleil","lemma":"soleil","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of the compound preposition par delà","gloss":"sun"},{"surface":"par","lemma":"par","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the compound par delà, marking éthers","gloss":"beyond"},{"surface":"delà","lemma":"delà","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the compound par delà, marking éthers","gloss":"beyond"},{"surface":"les","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of éthers","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"éthers","lemma":"éther","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"object of par delà, coordinated with soleil","gloss":"ethers"}]},{"number":4,"label":"4","id":"elevation-s1-l4","source":"Par delà les confins des sphères étoilées,","translation":"beyond the confines of the starry spheres,","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Par","lemma":"par","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the compound par delà, marking confins","gloss":"beyond"},{"surface":"delà","lemma":"delà","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the compound par delà, marking confins","gloss":"beyond"},{"surface":"les","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of confins","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"confins","lemma":"confins","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"object of par delà, coordinated with soleil and éthers","gloss":"confines"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sphères","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"sphères","lemma":"sphère","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies confins","gloss":"spheres"},{"surface":"étoilées","lemma":"étoilé","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies sphères","gloss":"starry"}]},{"number":5,"label":"5","id":"elevation-s2-l1","source":"Mon esprit, tu te meus avec agilité,","translation":"My spirit, you move with agility,","stanza":2,"audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"tu te meus","title":"«se mouvoir» (to move)","body":"«te meus» is the present tense of the pronominal verb «se mouvoir», 'to move (oneself)'. «mouvoir» is irregular: the «ou» of the stem becomes «eu» in the stressed forms, giving «je me meus, tu te meus». The poet addresses his own «esprit» as «tu», telling it how freely it moves."}],"words":[{"surface":"Mon","lemma":"mon","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of esprit","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"esprit","lemma":"esprit","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"vocative, in apposition to tu","gloss":"spirit"},{"surface":"tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of meus","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"te","morphology":"pronoun, reflexive","role":"reflexive object of meus","gloss":"yourself"},{"surface":"meus","lemma":"mouvoir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"move"},{"surface":"avec","lemma":"avec","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking agilité","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"agilité","lemma":"agilité","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique argument of meus","gloss":"agility"}]},{"number":6,"label":"6","id":"elevation-s2-l2","source":"Et, comme un bon nageur qui se pâme dans l'onde,","translation":"and, like a good swimmer who swoons in the wave,","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"se pâme","title":"«se pâmer»","body":"«se pâmer» is the pronominal verb 'to swoon, to faint with pleasure'. «qui se pâme dans l'onde» — 'who swoons in the wave' — gives the swimmer a voluptuous surrender to the water. The circumflex marks a lost «s» (old «se pasmer»); «l'onde» is a poetic word for the wave or water."}],"words":[{"surface":"Et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination (with Tu sillonnes, next line)","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"comme","lemma":"comme","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nageur","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"un","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of nageur","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"bon","lemma":"bon","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies nageur","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"nageur","lemma":"nageur","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of comme","gloss":"swimmer"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of pâme","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"pronoun, reflexive","role":"reflexive pronoun of pâme","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"pâme","lemma":"pâmer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"relative clause on nageur","gloss":"swoons"},{"surface":"dans","lemma":"dans","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking onde","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"l'","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of onde","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"onde","lemma":"onde","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique argument of pâme","gloss":"wave"}]},{"number":7,"label":"7","id":"elevation-s2-l3","source":"Tu sillonnes gaiement l'immensité profonde","translation":"you furrow gaily through the deep immensity","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of sillonnes","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"sillonnes","lemma":"sillonner","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"furrow"},{"surface":"gaiement","lemma":"gaiement","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sillonnes","gloss":"gaily"},{"surface":"l'","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of immensité","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"immensité","lemma":"immensité","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of sillonnes","gloss":"immensity"},{"surface":"profonde","lemma":"profond","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies immensité","gloss":"deep"}]},{"number":8,"label":"8","id":"elevation-s2-l4","source":"Avec une indicible et mâle volupté.","translation":"with an unspeakable and virile delight.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"indicible","title":"«indicible»","body":"«indicible» = 'unspeakable, ineffable' — that which cannot be put into words. Paired with «mâle» ('virile, manly') and «volupté» ('sensual pleasure, delight'), it casts the spirit's flight as a rapture too intense for language, a keynote of the «Idéal» the section reaches toward."}],"words":[{"surface":"Avec","lemma":"avec","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking volupté","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"une","lemma":"un","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of volupté","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"indicible","lemma":"indicible","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies volupté","gloss":"unspeakable"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"mâle","lemma":"mâle","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"coordinated with indicible, modifies volupté","gloss":"virile"},{"surface":"volupté","lemma":"volupté","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of Avec, oblique argument of sillonnes (previous line)","gloss":"delight"}]},{"number":9,"label":"9","id":"elevation-s3-l1","source":"Envole-toi bien loin de ces miasmes morbides;","translation":"Fly far away from these morbid miasmas;","stanza":3,"audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Envole-toi","title":"Reflexive imperative «envole-toi»","body":"«Envole-toi» is the imperative of the pronominal verb «s'envoler», 'to fly off, take wing'. In a positive command the reflexive pronoun follows the verb with a hyphen and «te» becomes the stressed «toi»: «envole-toi» = 'fly away!'. The poet commands his own spirit to take flight, as he does again with «Va te purifier» in the next line."},{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"miasmes","title":"«le miasme»","body":"«miasme» (m.) is a noxious vapor once thought to rise from rot and stagnant water and to carry disease. «ces miasmes morbides» — 'these morbid miasmas' — stands for the foul, sickly air of the lower material world the spirit is told to leave behind."}],"words":[{"surface":"Envole","lemma":"envoler","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"fly"},{"surface":"toi","lemma":"toi","morphology":"pronoun, reflexive, singular","role":"reflexive object of Envole","gloss":"away"},{"surface":"bien","lemma":"bien","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies loin (intensifier)","gloss":"quite"},{"surface":"loin","lemma":"loin","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Envole","gloss":"far"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking miasmes","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"ces","lemma":"ce","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of miasmes","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"miasmes","lemma":"miasme","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique argument of loin","gloss":"miasmas"},{"surface":"morbides","lemma":"morbide","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies miasmes","gloss":"morbid"}]},{"number":10,"label":"10","id":"elevation-s3-l2","source":"Va te purifier dans l'air supérieur,","translation":"go purify yourself in the upper air,","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Va","lemma":"aller","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"te","morphology":"pronoun, reflexive, singular","role":"direct object of purifier","gloss":"yourself"},{"surface":"purifier","lemma":"purifier","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of Va","gloss":"purify"},{"surface":"dans","lemma":"dans","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking air","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"l'","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of air","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"air","lemma":"air","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique argument of purifier","gloss":"air"},{"surface":"supérieur","lemma":"supérieur","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies air","gloss":"upper"}]},{"number":11,"label":"11","id":"elevation-s3-l3","source":"Et bois, comme une pure et divine liqueur,","translation":"and drink, like a pure and divine liquor,","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bois","lemma":"boire","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"drink"},{"surface":"comme","lemma":"comme","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking liqueur","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"une","lemma":"un","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of liqueur","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"pure","lemma":"pur","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies liqueur","gloss":"pure"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"divine","lemma":"divin","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with pure","gloss":"divine"},{"surface":"liqueur","lemma":"liqueur","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of comme","gloss":"liquor"}]},{"number":12,"label":"12","id":"elevation-s3-l4","source":"Le feu clair qui remplit les espaces limpides.","translation":"the clear fire that fills the limpid spaces.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of feu","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"feu","lemma":"feu","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of bois (previous line)","gloss":"fire"},{"surface":"clair","lemma":"clair","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies feu","gloss":"clear"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of remplit","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"remplit","lemma":"remplir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"relative clause on feu","gloss":"fills"},{"surface":"les","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of espaces","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"espaces","lemma":"espace","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of remplit","gloss":"spaces"},{"surface":"limpides","lemma":"limpide","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies espaces","gloss":"limpid"}]},{"number":13,"label":"13","id":"elevation-s4-l1","source":"Derrière les ennuis et les vastes chagrins","translation":"Behind the boredoms and the vast sorrows","stanza":4,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Derrière","lemma":"derrière","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ennuis","gloss":"behind"},{"surface":"les","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of ennuis","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ennuis","lemma":"ennui","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"object of Derrière","gloss":"boredoms"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"les","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of chagrins","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"vastes","lemma":"vaste","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies chagrins","gloss":"vast"},{"surface":"chagrins","lemma":"chagrin","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with ennuis","gloss":"sorrows"}]},{"number":14,"label":"14","id":"elevation-s4-l2","source":"Qui chargent de leur poids l'existence brumeuse,","translation":"that weigh down this misty existence with their burden,","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of chargent","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"chargent","lemma":"charger","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"relative clause on ennuis et chagrins","gloss":"weigh down"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking poids","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"leur","lemma":"leur","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of poids","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"poids","lemma":"poids","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique argument of chargent","gloss":"weight"},{"surface":"l'","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of existence","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"existence","lemma":"existence","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of chargent","gloss":"existence"},{"surface":"brumeuse","lemma":"brumeux","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies existence","gloss":"misty"}]},{"number":15,"label":"15","id":"elevation-s4-l3","source":"Heureux celui qui peut d'une aile vigoureuse","translation":"happy is the one who can, on a vigorous wing,","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Heureux celui qui","title":"«Heureux celui qui…» (fronted adjective)","body":"«Heureux celui qui peut…» = 'Happy is the one who can…'. The adjective «heureux» is fronted for emphasis, with the verb «est» understood: literally '(Is) happy he who…'. «celui qui» is the demonstrative 'the one who / he who'; it is picked up and continued by «Celui dont…» that opens the final stanza."}],"words":[{"surface":"Heureux","lemma":"heureux","morphology":"adjective, masculine","role":"predicate describing celui (copula elided)","gloss":"happy"},{"surface":"celui","lemma":"celui","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of Heureux","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of peut","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"peut","lemma":"pouvoir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"relative clause on celui","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"d'","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking aile","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"une","lemma":"un","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of aile","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"aile","lemma":"aile","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique argument of peut","gloss":"wing"},{"surface":"vigoureuse","lemma":"vigoureux","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies aile","gloss":"vigorous"}]},{"number":16,"label":"16","id":"elevation-s4-l4","source":"S'élancer vers les champs lumineux et sereins;","translation":"spring up toward the luminous and serene fields;","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"S'","lemma":"se","morphology":"pronoun, reflexive","role":"reflexive object of élancer","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"élancer","lemma":"élancer","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of peut (previous line)","gloss":"spring"},{"surface":"vers","lemma":"vers","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking champs","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"les","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of champs","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"champs","lemma":"champ","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique argument of élancer","gloss":"fields"},{"surface":"lumineux","lemma":"lumineux","morphology":"adjective, masculine","role":"modifies champs","gloss":"luminous"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sereins","lemma":"serein","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with lumineux","gloss":"serene"}]},{"number":17,"label":"17","id":"elevation-s5-l1","source":"Celui dont les pensers, comme des alouettes,","translation":"the one whose thoughts, like skylarks,","stanza":5,"audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"les pensers","title":"«le penser» (archaic)","body":"«le penser» is an old poetic noun for 'thought', a variant of «la pensée». By Baudelaire's day it was already archaic and literary; choosing «les pensers» over «les pensées» lends the line an elevated, timeless tone fitting the upward soaring of the spirit."}],"words":[{"surface":"Celui","lemma":"celui","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, singular","role":"subject (happy is the one whose thoughts...)","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"dont","lemma":"dont","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies pensers","gloss":"whose"},{"surface":"les","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of pensers","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"pensers","lemma":"penser","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of prennent (next line)","gloss":"thoughts"},{"surface":"comme","lemma":"comme","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking alouettes","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"un","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of alouettes","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"alouettes","lemma":"alouette","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"object of comme","gloss":"skylarks"}]},{"number":18,"label":"18","id":"elevation-s5-l2","source":"Vers les cieux le matin prennent un libre essor,","translation":"take free flight toward the heavens in the morning,","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vers","lemma":"vers","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cieux","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"les","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of cieux","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cieux","lemma":"ciel","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique argument of prennent","gloss":"heavens"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of matin","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"matin","lemma":"matin","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"temporal adverbial modifying prennent","gloss":"morning"},{"surface":"prennent","lemma":"prendre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence (subject: pensers, previous line)","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"un","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of essor","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"libre","lemma":"libre","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies essor","gloss":"free"},{"surface":"essor","lemma":"essor","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of prennent","gloss":"flight"}]},{"number":19,"label":"19","id":"elevation-s5-l3","source":"— Qui plane sur la vie, et comprend sans effort","translation":"— who hovers over life, and understands without effort","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"— Qui plane sur la vie","title":"The em-dash continuation","body":"The dash does not begin a new sentence; it relaunches the relative clause opened by «Celui dont…» two lines above. «Qui» still refers back to «Celui» — 'the one who hovers over life'. Read the final stanza as a single sweeping sentence the dash carries onward to its triumphant close."}],"words":[{"surface":"Qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of plane","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"plane","lemma":"planer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"relative clause on Celui","gloss":"hovers"},{"surface":"sur","lemma":"sur","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vie","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of vie","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"vie","lemma":"vie","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"oblique argument of plane","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"comprend","lemma":"comprendre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with plane","gloss":"understands"},{"surface":"sans","lemma":"sans","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking effort","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"effort","lemma":"effort","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique argument of comprend","gloss":"effort"}]},{"number":20,"label":"20","id":"elevation-s5-l4","source":"Le langage des fleurs et des choses muettes!","translation":"the language of flowers and of silent things!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of langage","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"langage","lemma":"langage","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"language"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fleurs","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"fleurs","lemma":"fleur","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies langage","gloss":"flowers"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking choses","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"choses","lemma":"chose","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"coordinated with fleurs","gloss":"things"},{"surface":"muettes","lemma":"muet","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies choses","gloss":"silent"}]}]}