{"work":{"slug":"baudelaire","title":{"source":"Les Fleurs du mal","translated":"The Flowers of Evil"},"author":"Charles Baudelaire","language":"French","languageCode":"fr","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/baudelaire"},"unit":{"kind":"poem","number":null,"id":"je-n-ai-pas-oublie-voisine-de-la-ville","title":{"source":"Je n'ai pas oublié, voisine de la ville","translated":"I have not forgotten, near the town"},"section":"Parisian Scenes","summary":null,"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/baudelaire/je-n-ai-pas-oublie-voisine-de-la-ville","lines":10},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/books/baudelaire/l-amour-du-mensonge","next":"https://1732studios.com/books/baudelaire/la-servante-au-grand-coeur-dont-vous-etiez-jalou","license":"Source text: public domain (Charles Baudelaire, d. 1867). English translation: © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC — original draft, pending editorial review.","audioBase":null,"lines":[{"number":1,"label":"1","id":"je-n-ai-pas-oublie-voisine-de-la-ville-s1-l1","source":"Je n'ai pas oublié, voisine de la ville,","translation":"I have not forgotten, just outside the town,","stanza":1,"audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Je n'ai pas oublié","title":"Passé composé in the negative","body":"«Je n'ai pas oublié» is the passé composé of «oublier» ('to forget'), built with «avoir» + the past participle «oublié», and negated by «ne ... pas» wrapped around the auxiliary «ai». It means 'I have not forgotten' — the whole poem hangs on this single act of memory, the object of which («notre blanche maison») arrives only in the next line."},{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"voisine de la ville","title":"voisin(e) de — neighboring","body":"«voisin de» means 'next to, in the vicinity of, neighboring'; the feminine «voisine» agrees with «maison» (house). «voisine de la ville» = '(the house) close to the town' — a suburban house on the edge of the city, the kind of modest «faubourg» dwelling Baudelaire knew as a boy."}],"words":[{"surface":"Je","lemma":"je","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of oublié","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"n'","lemma":"ne","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies oublié","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ai","lemma":"avoir","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"depends on oublié","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"pas","lemma":"pas","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies oublié","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"oublié","lemma":"oublier","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"forgotten"},{"surface":"voisine","lemma":"voisin","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies maison (apposition, next line: neighboring the town)","gloss":"neighboring"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ville","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of ville","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ville","lemma":"ville","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies voisine","gloss":"town"}]},{"number":2,"label":"2","id":"je-n-ai-pas-oublie-voisine-de-la-ville-s1-l2","source":"Notre blanche maison, petite mais tranquille;","translation":"Our white house, small but peaceful;","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Notre","lemma":"notre","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of maison","gloss":"Our"},{"surface":"blanche","lemma":"blanc","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies maison","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"maison","lemma":"maison","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"petite","lemma":"petit","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies maison","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"mais","lemma":"mais","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"tranquille","lemma":"tranquille","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"coordinated with petite, modifies maison","gloss":"peaceful"}]},{"number":3,"label":"3","id":"je-n-ai-pas-oublie-voisine-de-la-ville-s1-l3","source":"Sa Pomone de plâtre et sa vieille Vénus","translation":"Its plaster Pomona and its old Venus","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sa","lemma":"son","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of Pomone","gloss":"Its"},{"surface":"Pomone","lemma":"Pomone","morphology":"proper noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Pomona"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking plâtre","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"plâtre","lemma":"plâtre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Pomone","gloss":"plaster"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sa","lemma":"son","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of Vénus","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"vieille","lemma":"vieux","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies Vénus","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"Vénus","lemma":"Vénus","morphology":"proper noun, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with Pomone","gloss":"Venus"}]},{"number":4,"label":"4","id":"je-n-ai-pas-oublie-voisine-de-la-ville-s1-l4","source":"Dans un bosquet chétif cachant leurs membres nus,","translation":"In a scrawny thicket hiding their naked limbs,","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"cachant leurs membres nus","title":"Present participle «cachant»","body":"«cachant» is the present participle of «cacher» ('to hide'), here modifying the two statues: 'hiding their naked limbs'. «chétif» means 'puny, stunted', so the «bosquet chétif» ('scrawny grove') barely screens the figures — the meager garden gives the goddesses only a thin cover."}],"words":[{"surface":"Dans","lemma":"dans","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bosquet","gloss":"In"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"un","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of bosquet","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"bosquet","lemma":"bosquet","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"depends on cachant","gloss":"thicket"},{"surface":"chétif","lemma":"chétif","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies bosquet","gloss":"scrawny"},{"surface":"cachant","lemma":"cacher","morphology":"verb, present, participle","role":"participial clause, modifies Pomone/Vénus (hiding their bodies)","gloss":"hiding"},{"surface":"leurs","lemma":"leur","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of membres","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"membres","lemma":"membre","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of cachant","gloss":"limbs"},{"surface":"nus","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies membres","gloss":"naked"}]},{"number":5,"label":"5","id":"je-n-ai-pas-oublie-voisine-de-la-ville-s1-l5","source":"Et le soleil, le soir, ruisselant et superbe,","translation":"And the sun, in the evening, streaming and magnificent,","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links soleil as coordinated subject (with Pomone, Vénus)","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of soleil","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"soleil","lemma":"soleil","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated subject of Semblait (with Pomone, Vénus)","gloss":"sun"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of soir","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"soir","lemma":"soir","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"adverbial, modifies Semblait (in the evening)","gloss":"evening"},{"surface":"ruisselant","lemma":"ruisseler","morphology":"verb, present, participle","role":"clause modifying soleil","gloss":"streaming"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"superbe","lemma":"superbe","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"coordinated with ruisselant","gloss":"magnificent"}]},{"number":6,"label":"6","id":"je-n-ai-pas-oublie-voisine-de-la-ville-s1-l6","source":"Qui, derrière la vitre où se brisait sa gerbe","translation":"Which, behind the pane where its sheaf would break,","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"où se brisait sa gerbe","title":"Pronominal «se briser» in the imperfect","body":"«se briser» is a pronominal verb meaning 'to break, to shatter (itself)'; in the imperfect «se brisait» it describes a habitual, ongoing past action: 'where its sheaf would break'. The «gerbe» is a sheaf or spray — here the fanned-out spray of sunlight that shattered against the windowpane every evening."}],"words":[{"surface":"Qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun","role":"relative pronoun, subject of Semblait, refers to soleil","gloss":"Which"},{"surface":"derrière","lemma":"derrière","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vitre","gloss":"behind"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of vitre","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"vitre","lemma":"vitre","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of derrière (behind the pane)","gloss":"pane"},{"surface":"où","lemma":"où","morphology":"relative adverb","role":"locative relative pronoun referring to vitre, modifies brisait","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"pronoun, reflexive","role":"depends on brisait","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"brisait","lemma":"briser","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"verb of relative clause introduced by où, modifies vitre","gloss":"would break"},{"surface":"sa","lemma":"son","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of gerbe","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"gerbe","lemma":"gerbe","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of brisait (se briser = to break, intransitive reflexive)","gloss":"sheaf","note":"se briser is reflexive-intransitive here: gerbe is its subject, not its object."}]},{"number":7,"label":"7","id":"je-n-ai-pas-oublie-voisine-de-la-ville-s1-l7","source":"Semblait, grand oeil ouvert dans le ciel curieux,","translation":"Seemed, a great eye open in the curious sky,","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"grand oeil ouvert dans le ciel curieux","title":"Appositive metaphor","body":"«grand oeil ouvert dans le ciel curieux» stands in apposition to «le soleil» — the sun is recast, without 'like' or 'as', as 'a great eye open in the curious sky'. The verb «Semblait» ('seemed') governs the infinitive «Contempler» in the next line: the sun-eye seemed to gaze upon the family's dinners."}],"words":[{"surface":"Semblait","lemma":"sembler","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence, subject soleil (previous lines)","gloss":"Seemed"},{"surface":"grand","lemma":"grand","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies oeil","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"oeil","lemma":"oeil","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"predicate nominal of Semblait","gloss":"eye"},{"surface":"ouvert","lemma":"ouvert","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies oeil","gloss":"open"},{"surface":"dans","lemma":"dans","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ciel","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of ciel","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ciel","lemma":"ciel","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique argument of Semblait","gloss":"sky"},{"surface":"curieux","lemma":"curieux","morphology":"adjective, masculine","role":"modifies ciel","gloss":"curious"}]},{"number":8,"label":"8","id":"je-n-ai-pas-oublie-voisine-de-la-ville-s1-l8","source":"Contempler nos dîners longs et silencieux,","translation":"To contemplate our dinners, long and silent,","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Contempler","lemma":"contempler","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of Semblait (sembler + infinitive)","gloss":"To contemplate"},{"surface":"nos","lemma":"notre","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of dîners","gloss":"our"},{"surface":"dîners","lemma":"dîner","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of Contempler","gloss":"dinners"},{"surface":"longs","lemma":"long","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies dîners","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"silencieux","lemma":"silencieux","morphology":"adjective, masculine","role":"coordinated with longs","gloss":"silent"}]},{"number":9,"label":"9","id":"je-n-ai-pas-oublie-voisine-de-la-ville-s1-l9","source":"Répandant largement ses beaux reflets de cierge","translation":"Spreading wide its lovely candle-like reflections","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ses beaux reflets de cierge","title":"cierge (m.) — a church candle","body":"A «cierge» is a tall wax candle, specifically the kind burned in churches. «ses beaux reflets de cierge» = 'its lovely candle-like glints' — the evening sun lays a soft, devotional light over the supper, as if the plain meal were lit by altar candles. «Répandant» is the present participle of «répandre», 'to spread, pour out'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Répandant","lemma":"répandre","morphology":"verb, present, participle","role":"participial clause, modifies soleil (spreading its reflections)","gloss":"Spreading"},{"surface":"largement","lemma":"largement","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Répandant","gloss":"widely"},{"surface":"ses","lemma":"son","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of reflets","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"beaux","lemma":"beau","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies reflets","gloss":"lovely"},{"surface":"reflets","lemma":"reflet","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of Répandant","gloss":"reflections"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking cierge","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"cierge","lemma":"cierge","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies reflets","gloss":"candle"}]},{"number":10,"label":"10","id":"je-n-ai-pas-oublie-voisine-de-la-ville-s1-l10","source":"Sur la nappe frugale et les rideaux de serge.","translation":"Over the frugal tablecloth and the serge curtains.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"les rideaux de serge","title":"serge (f.) — a coarse woollen cloth","body":"«serge» is a sturdy twilled wool, a plain and inexpensive fabric. Paired with «la nappe frugale» ('the frugal tablecloth'), the «rideaux de serge» ('serge curtains') confirm the modesty of the household — and it is precisely this humble cloth that the sun's «reflets de cierge» dignify with their golden light."}],"words":[{"surface":"Sur","lemma":"sur","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nappe","gloss":"Over"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of nappe","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"nappe","lemma":"nappe","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"tablecloth"},{"surface":"frugale","lemma":"frugal","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies nappe","gloss":"frugal"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"les","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of rideaux","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"rideaux","lemma":"rideau","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with nappe","gloss":"curtains"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking serge","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"serge","lemma":"serge","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies rideaux","gloss":"serge"}]}]}