{"work":{"slug":"baudelaire","title":{"source":"Les Fleurs du mal","translated":"The Flowers of Evil"},"author":"Charles Baudelaire","language":"French","languageCode":"fr","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/baudelaire"},"unit":{"kind":"poem","number":null,"id":"le-vampire","title":{"source":"Le Vampire","translated":"The Vampire"},"section":"Spleen and Ideal","summary":null,"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/baudelaire/le-vampire","lines":24},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/books/baudelaire/de-profundis-clamavi","next":"https://1732studios.com/books/baudelaire/une-nuit-que-j-etais-pres-d-une-affreuse-juive","license":"Source text: public domain (Charles Baudelaire, d. 1867). English translation: © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC — original draft, pending editorial review.","audioBase":null,"lines":[{"number":1,"label":"1","id":"le-vampire-s1-l1","source":"Toi qui, comme un coup de couteau,","translation":"You who, like a knife-thrust,","stanza":1,"audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"comme un coup de couteau","title":"«un coup de couteau» — a knife-thrust","body":"«un coup de» names a single blow or stroke struck with something: «un coup de couteau» = 'a stab, a knife-thrust' (compare «un coup de poing», a punch). The poem opens by hailing the beloved directly with «Toi qui» ('You who'), and this first simile fixes her arrival in the heart as a wound — violence before tenderness, the keynote of the whole address."}],"words":[{"surface":"Toi","lemma":"toi","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"head of the phrase (antecedent of qui)","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of entrée (two lines down)","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"comme","lemma":"comme","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking coup","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"un","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of coup","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"coup","lemma":"coup","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of comme","gloss":"thrust"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking couteau","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"couteau","lemma":"couteau","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies coup","gloss":"knife"}]},{"number":2,"label":"2","id":"le-vampire-s1-l2","source":"Dans mon coeur plaintif es entrée;","translation":"Entered my plaintive heart;","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"es entrée","title":"«être» auxiliary + feminine agreement","body":"«entrer» forms its «passé composé» with «être», not «avoir»: «es entrée» = '(you) have entered'. Because the auxiliary is «être», the past participle agrees with the subject — the feminine «-e» on «entrée» tells us the addressee is a woman. Read in order: «Toi qui … dans mon coeur plaintif es entrée» — 'You who entered my plaintive heart'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Dans","lemma":"dans","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking coeur","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"mon","lemma":"mon","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of coeur","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"coeur","lemma":"coeur","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of dans, oblique argument of entrée","gloss":"heart"},{"surface":"plaintif","lemma":"plaintif","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies coeur","gloss":"plaintive"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"être","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of entrée","gloss":"have","note":"\"es entrée\" is passé composé (2nd person) with être; addressee is grammatically feminine."},{"surface":"entrée","lemma":"entrer","morphology":"verb, past, passive, participle, feminine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"entered"}]},{"number":3,"label":"3","id":"le-vampire-s1-l3","source":"Toi qui, forte comme un troupeau","translation":"You who, strong as a herd","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Toi","lemma":"toi","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"head of the phrase (antecedent of qui)","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of vins (next line)","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"forte","lemma":"fort","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies qui","gloss":"strong"},{"surface":"comme","lemma":"comme","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking troupeau","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"un","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of troupeau","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"troupeau","lemma":"troupeau","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of comme","gloss":"herd"}]},{"number":4,"label":"4","id":"le-vampire-s1-l4","source":"De démons, vins, folle et parée,","translation":"Of demons, came, mad and bedecked,","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"vins, folle et parée","title":"«vins» — «passé simple» of «venir»","body":"«vins» is the literary «passé simple» of «venir» (to come), second person singular: 'you came'. The subject is still the «Toi qui» of the line above, so «forte comme un troupeau de démons, vins, folle et parée» = 'you who, strong as a herd of demons, came, mad and decked out'. «parée» (past participle of «parer», to adorn) again carries the feminine «-e»; «folle» is the feminine of «fou» (mad)."}],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking démons","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"démons","lemma":"démon","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"object of De, modifies troupeau (previous line)","gloss":"demons"},{"surface":"vins","lemma":"venir","morphology":"verb, simple past, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"came","note":"\"vins\" here is the passé simple of venir (came), not the noun vin (wine)."},{"surface":"folle","lemma":"fou","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"predicate adjective describing the subject (qui), coordinated with parée","gloss":"mad"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"parée","lemma":"parer","morphology":"verb, past, participle, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with folle, describes the subject","gloss":"bedecked"}]},{"number":5,"label":"5","id":"le-vampire-s2-l1","source":"De mon esprit humilié","translation":"Out of my humiliated spirit","stanza":2,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking esprit","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"mon","lemma":"mon","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of esprit","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"esprit","lemma":"esprit","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"spirit"},{"surface":"humilié","lemma":"humilier","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"modifies esprit","gloss":"humiliated"}]},{"number":6,"label":"6","id":"le-vampire-s2-l2","source":"Faire ton lit et ton domaine;","translation":"To make your bed and your domain;","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Faire ton lit et ton domaine","title":"Infinitive of purpose after «vins»","body":"The bare infinitive «Faire» depends on «vins» two lines back — 'you came … to make'. «De mon esprit humilié / Faire ton lit» fronts the object «De mon esprit humilié» ('out of my humbled spirit') before the verb, an inversion the verse allows: read straight, 'to make of my humbled spirit your bed and your domain'. The vampire moves in and takes possession of the soul she has wounded."}],"words":[{"surface":"Faire","lemma":"faire","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"infinitival complement (purpose), continuing the sentence","gloss":"to make"},{"surface":"ton","lemma":"ton","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of lit","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"lit","lemma":"lit","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of Faire","gloss":"bed"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ton","lemma":"ton","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of domaine","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"domaine","lemma":"domaine","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with lit","gloss":"domain"}]},{"number":7,"label":"7","id":"le-vampire-s2-l3","source":"— Infâme à qui je suis lié","translation":"— Vile one, to whom I am bound","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Infâme à qui je suis lié","title":"«infâme» — vile, infamous","body":"«infâme» (from Latin «infamis», 'of ill repute') means 'vile, loathsome, infamous'; used as a noun here it names the beloved directly — 'O vile one'. The em-dash that opens the line breaks off the long opening address to turn on her, and «à qui je suis lié» ('to whom I am bound') launches the chain of binding similes that fills the next stanza. «lié» is the past participle of «lier», to tie or bind."}],"words":[{"surface":"Infâme","lemma":"infâme","morphology":"noun, singular","role":"vocative address","gloss":"vile one"},{"surface":"à","lemma":"à","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking qui","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun","role":"object of à, oblique complement of lié","gloss":"whom"},{"surface":"je","lemma":"je","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of lié","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"suis","lemma":"être","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"passive auxiliary of lié","gloss":"am"},{"surface":"lié","lemma":"lier","morphology":"verb, past, passive, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"bound"}]},{"number":8,"label":"8","id":"le-vampire-s2-l4","source":"Comme le forçat à la chaîne,","translation":"As the convict to his chain,","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"le forçat à la chaîne","title":"«le forçat» — the galley-slave, convict","body":"«un forçat» is a convict sentenced to hard labour, historically a galley-slave or chain-gang prisoner; «la chaîne» is the chain that shackles him. «lié … comme le forçat à la chaîne» = 'bound … as the convict to his chain'. It is the first of four «comme» similes that liken the speaker's helpless attachment to every form of compulsion — penal, then addictive, then carrion."}],"words":[{"surface":"Comme","lemma":"comme","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the comparison","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of forçat","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"forçat","lemma":"forçat","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"convict"},{"surface":"à","lemma":"à","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking chaîne","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of chaîne","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"chaîne","lemma":"chaîne","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of à","gloss":"chain"}]},{"number":9,"label":"9","id":"le-vampire-s3-l1","source":"Comme au jeu le joueur têtu,","translation":"As to the game the stubborn gambler,","stanza":3,"audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Comme au jeu le joueur têtu","title":"Elliptical «comme» similes","body":"These lines drop the verb and rely on the «lié … comme» of the stanza before: «comme au jeu le joueur têtu» = '(bound) as the stubborn gambler is to the game'. «au» is «à + le» ('to the'), «le jeu» is gambling or play, «têtu» means 'stubborn, headstrong'. The bare, verbless parallelism stacks the compulsions one on another for mounting force."}],"words":[{"surface":"Comme","lemma":"comme","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking jeu","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"au","lemma":"au","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking jeu","gloss":"to the"},{"surface":"jeu","lemma":"jeu","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of au","gloss":"game"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of joueur","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"joueur","lemma":"joueur","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"gambler"},{"surface":"têtu","lemma":"têtu","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies joueur","gloss":"stubborn"}]},{"number":10,"label":"10","id":"le-vampire-s3-l2","source":"Comme à la bouteille l'ivrogne,","translation":"As to the bottle the drunkard,","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Comme","lemma":"comme","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bouteille","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"à","lemma":"à","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bouteille","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of bouteille","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"bouteille","lemma":"bouteille","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of à","gloss":"bottle"},{"surface":"l'","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of ivrogne","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ivrogne","lemma":"ivrogne","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"drunkard"}]},{"number":11,"label":"11","id":"le-vampire-s3-l3","source":"Comme aux vermines la charogne","translation":"As to the vermin the carrion","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Comme aux vermines la charogne","title":"«la charogne» — carrion, rotting flesh","body":"«la charogne» is carrion — a decaying carcass — and «les vermines» the worms and vermin that swarm it; «aux» is «à + les». The simile reverses the direction of the others: here the bound thing, «la charogne», is what the «vermines» feed on, so the speaker is at once the prisoner and the rotting bait. «la charogne» also titles one of the book's most notorious poems, and the word is pure Baudelaire."}],"words":[{"surface":"Comme","lemma":"comme","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vermines","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"aux","lemma":"aux","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of vermines","gloss":"to the"},{"surface":"vermines","lemma":"vermine","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"object of aux","gloss":"vermin"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of charogne","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"charogne","lemma":"charogne","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"carrion"}]},{"number":12,"label":"12","id":"le-vampire-s3-l4","source":"— Maudite, maudite sois-tu!","translation":"— Accursed, accursed be you!","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"maudite sois-tu","title":"Subjunctive curse «sois-tu»","body":"«sois» is the present subjunctive of «être» (to be), inverted with «tu» to form an optative — a wish or curse: «maudite sois-tu» = 'cursed be you, may you be cursed'. «maudite» is the feminine of «maudit» (accursed), repeated for vehemence. The em-dash and the doubled adjective break the chain of similes into an outright malediction, the bitter turn at the poem's midpoint."}],"words":[{"surface":"Maudite","lemma":"maudit","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"vocative predicate adjective, coordinated with the second Maudite","gloss":"accursed"},{"surface":"maudite","lemma":"maudit","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"predicate adjective of sois, repeated for emphasis","gloss":"accursed"},{"surface":"sois","lemma":"être","morphology":"verb, subjunctive/imperative, present, second-person, singular","role":"main verb (imperative wish)","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of sois","gloss":"you"}]},{"number":13,"label":"13","id":"le-vampire-s4-l1","source":"J'ai prié le glaive rapide","translation":"I begged the swift sword-blade","stanza":4,"audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"J'ai prié le glaive … De conquérir","title":"«prier qqch de» + infinitive","body":"«prier» here means 'to beg, to entreat', and takes the pattern «prier X de + infinitive» ('to beg X to do something') — the «De conquérir» arrives on the next line. «le glaive» is a sword or blade, more literary and martial than «l'épée». «J'ai prié le glaive rapide / De conquérir ma liberté» = 'I begged the swift blade to win me my freedom'."}],"words":[{"surface":"J'","lemma":"je","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of prié","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"ai","lemma":"avoir","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"depends on prié","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"prié","lemma":"prier","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"begged"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of glaive","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"glaive","lemma":"glaive","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of prié","gloss":"sword-blade"},{"surface":"rapide","lemma":"rapide","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies glaive","gloss":"swift"}]},{"number":14,"label":"14","id":"le-vampire-s4-l2","source":"De conquérir ma liberté,","translation":"To win me my liberty,","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the infinitival clause of conquérir","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"conquérir","lemma":"conquérir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"infinitival complement of prié (previous line)","gloss":"win"},{"surface":"ma","lemma":"mon","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of liberté","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"liberté","lemma":"liberté","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of conquérir","gloss":"liberty"}]},{"number":15,"label":"15","id":"le-vampire-s4-l3","source":"Et j'ai dit au poison perfide","translation":"And I told the treacherous poison","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"le poison perfide","title":"«perfide» — treacherous, perfidious","body":"«perfide» means 'treacherous, faithless, perfidious' (from Latin «perfidus»). «le poison perfide» = 'the treacherous poison'. The blade and the poison are paired as two routes of escape the speaker entreats — «j'ai dit au poison … De secourir ma lâcheté» continues the «dire à … de» construction ('to tell something to do something') into the next line."}],"words":[{"surface":"Et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"j'","lemma":"je","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of dit","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"ai","lemma":"avoir","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, first-person, singular","role":"depends on dit","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"dit","lemma":"dire","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"told"},{"surface":"au","lemma":"au","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking poison","gloss":"to the"},{"surface":"poison","lemma":"poison","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique argument of dit","gloss":"poison"},{"surface":"perfide","lemma":"perfide","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies poison","gloss":"treacherous"}]},{"number":16,"label":"16","id":"le-vampire-s4-l4","source":"De secourir ma lâcheté.","translation":"To come to the aid of my cowardice.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"secourir ma lâcheté","title":"«la lâcheté» — cowardice","body":"«la lâcheté» is 'cowardice' (from «lâche», cowardly, also 'slack, loose'); «secourir» is the literary verb 'to rescue, to come to the aid of'. «De secourir ma lâcheté» = 'to relieve / rescue my cowardice' — the speaker, too weak to free himself, asks the poison to do for him what he cannot do alone. The admission of «lâcheté» sets up the contempt the blade and poison will return in the next stanza."}],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the infinitival clause of secourir","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"secourir","lemma":"secourir","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"infinitival complement of dit (previous line)","gloss":"come to the aid of"},{"surface":"ma","lemma":"mon","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of lâcheté","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"lâcheté","lemma":"lâcheté","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of secourir","gloss":"cowardice"}]},{"number":17,"label":"17","id":"le-vampire-s5-l1","source":"Hélas! le poison et le glaive","translation":"Alas! the poison and the sword","stanza":5,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hélas","lemma":"hélas","morphology":"interjection","role":"interjection","gloss":"alas"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of poison","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"poison","lemma":"poison","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with glaive, subject of ont pris (next line)","gloss":"poison"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of glaive","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"glaive","lemma":"glaive","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with poison, subject of ont pris (next line)","gloss":"sword"}]},{"number":18,"label":"18","id":"le-vampire-s5-l2","source":"M'ont pris en dédain et m'ont dit:","translation":"Held me in scorn and said to me:","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"M'ont pris en dédain","title":"«prendre en dédain» — to hold in scorn","body":"«le dédain» is 'disdain, scorn'; «prendre quelqu'un en dédain» is to take or hold someone in contempt. «M'ont pris en dédain» = 'held me in scorn'. The instruments of suicide turn on the speaker and answer him — the colon hands the rest of the poem over to their mocking reply, which runs in «guillemets» to the final line."}],"words":[{"surface":"M'","lemma":"me","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of pris","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"ont","lemma":"avoir","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of pris","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"pris","lemma":"prendre","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine","role":"main verb of the sentence (subject: poison et glaive, previous line)","gloss":"held"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dédain","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"dédain","lemma":"dédain","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique argument of pris","gloss":"scorn"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"m'","lemma":"me","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"indirect object of dit","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"ont","lemma":"avoir","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"auxiliary of dit","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"dit","lemma":"dire","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with pris","gloss":"said"}]},{"number":19,"label":"19","id":"le-vampire-s5-l3","source":"«Tu n'es pas digne qu'on t'enlève","translation":"\"You are not worthy that one should free you","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Tu n'es pas digne qu'on t'enlève","title":"Subjunctive after «digne que»","body":"«digne que» ('worthy that') triggers the subjunctive: «qu'on t'enlève» uses the present subjunctive of «enlever» (to take away, to remove). «on» is the impersonal 'one / someone'. «Tu n'es pas digne qu'on t'enlève / À ton esclavage maudit» = 'you are not worthy that anyone should take you away from your accursed slavery'. The «guillemets» «» are the French quotation marks framing the weapons' speech."}],"words":[{"surface":"Tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of es","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"n'","lemma":"ne","morphology":"adverb","role":"negates es (with pas)","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"es","lemma":"être","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"copula linking to digne","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"pas","lemma":"pas","morphology":"adverb","role":"negates es (with n')","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"digne","lemma":"digne","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"worthy"},{"surface":"qu'","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of enlève","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"on","lemma":"on","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of enlève","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"t'","lemma":"te","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of enlève","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"enlève","lemma":"enlever","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of digne","gloss":"should free"}]},{"number":20,"label":"20","id":"le-vampire-s5-l4","source":"À ton esclavage maudit,","translation":"From your accursed slavery,","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"t'enlève À ton esclavage","title":"«enlever à» — to take away from","body":"«enlever quelque chose à quelqu'un» normally means 'to take something away from someone', but here «À ton esclavage» marks what one is taken from: «qu'on t'enlève à ton esclavage maudit» = 'that one should take you away from your accursed slavery'. «maudit» echoes the «maudite» the speaker hurled at the vampire — now the curse rebounds onto his own bondage."}],"words":[{"surface":"À","lemma":"à","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking esclavage","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"ton","lemma":"ton","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of esclavage","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"esclavage","lemma":"esclavage","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"slavery"},{"surface":"maudit","lemma":"maudit","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies esclavage","gloss":"accursed"}]},{"number":21,"label":"21","id":"le-vampire-s5-l5","source":"Imbécile! — de son empire","translation":"Imbecile! — from her dominion","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"de son empire","title":"«l'empire» — dominion, sway","body":"«l'empire» beyond 'empire' means 'dominion, hold, sway' — the power one exerts over someone. «de son empire» = 'from her dominion / hold', «son» referring to the vampire. The em-dash and the insult «Imbécile!» open the weapons' verdict: «de son empire / Si nos efforts te délivraient» — 'if our efforts were to free you from her hold' — the hypothesis the final couplet will demolish."}],"words":[{"surface":"Imbécile","lemma":"imbécile","morphology":"noun, singular","role":"vocative interjection","gloss":"imbecile"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking empire","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"son","lemma":"son","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of empire","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"empire","lemma":"empire","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of de, oblique argument of délivraient (next line)","gloss":"dominion"}]},{"number":22,"label":"22","id":"le-vampire-s5-l6","source":"Si nos efforts te délivraient,","translation":"If our efforts were to deliver you,","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Si nos efforts te délivraient","title":"Conditional «si» clause","body":"«délivraient» is the imperfect of «délivrer» (to free, to deliver), here in a «si + imparfait … conditionnel» pattern of unreal supposition: «Si nos efforts te délivraient … / Tes baisers ressusciteraient» = 'if our efforts were to free you, your kisses would revive…'. The imperfect after «si» sets up the hypothetical whose result is the conditional «ressusciteraient» in the closing line."}],"words":[{"surface":"Si","lemma":"si","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of délivraient","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"nos","lemma":"notre","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of efforts","gloss":"our"},{"surface":"efforts","lemma":"effort","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of délivraient","gloss":"efforts"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"te","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of délivraient","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"délivraient","lemma":"délivrer","morphology":"verb, imperfect, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"were to deliver"}]},{"number":23,"label":"23","id":"le-vampire-s5-l7","source":"Tes baisers ressusciteraient","translation":"Your kisses would resurrect","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Tes baisers ressusciteraient","title":"«ressusciter» — to raise from the dead","body":"«ressusciter» is 'to resurrect, to raise from the dead' (the verb used of Christ); «ressusciteraient» is its conditional — 'would bring back to life'. «Tes baisers ressusciteraient / Le cadavre de ton vampire» = 'your kisses would revive the corpse of your vampire'. The result clause completes the weapons' mockery: escape is impossible because the addict's own desire would resurrect the thing that destroys him."}],"words":[{"surface":"Tes","lemma":"ton","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of baisers","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"baisers","lemma":"baiser","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of ressusciteraient","gloss":"kisses"},{"surface":"ressusciteraient","lemma":"ressusciter","morphology":"verb, conditional, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"would resurrect"}]},{"number":24,"label":"24","id":"le-vampire-s5-l8","source":"Le cadavre de ton vampire!»","translation":"The corpse of your vampire!\"","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of cadavre","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"cadavre","lemma":"cadavre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of ressusciteraient (previous line)","gloss":"corpse"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vampire","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"ton","lemma":"ton","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of vampire","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"vampire","lemma":"vampire","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies cadavre","gloss":"vampire"}]}]}