{"work":{"slug":"baudelaire","title":{"source":"Les Fleurs du mal","translated":"The Flowers of Evil"},"author":"Charles Baudelaire","language":"French","languageCode":"fr","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/baudelaire"},"unit":{"kind":"poem","number":null,"id":"les-litanies-de-satan","title":{"source":"Les Litanies de Satan","translated":"The Litanies of Satan"},"section":"Revolt","summary":null,"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/baudelaire/les-litanies-de-satan","lines":52},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/books/baudelaire/abel-et-cain","next":"https://1732studios.com/books/baudelaire/la-mort-des-amants","license":"Source text: public domain (Charles Baudelaire, d. 1867). English translation: © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC — original draft, pending editorial review.","audioBase":null,"lines":[{"number":1,"label":"1","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s1-l1","source":"Ô toi, le plus savant et le plus beau des Anges,","translation":"O you, the most learned and the most beautiful of Angels,","stanza":1,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ô","lemma":"ô","morphology":"interjection","role":"vocative particle","gloss":"O"},{"surface":"toi","lemma":"toi","morphology":"pronoun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner in superlative le plus savant","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"plus","lemma":"plus","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies savant","gloss":"most"},{"surface":"savant","lemma":"savant","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition to toi","gloss":"learned"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner in superlative le plus beau","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"plus","lemma":"plus","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies beau","gloss":"most"},{"surface":"beau","lemma":"beau","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with savant","gloss":"beautiful"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Anges","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"Anges","lemma":"ange","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"depends on beau/savant","gloss":"Angels"}]},{"number":2,"label":"2","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s1-l2","source":"Dieu trahi par le sort et privé de louanges,","translation":"a God betrayed by fate and stripped of praises,","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"privé de louanges","title":"privé de + noun","body":"«privé de» = 'deprived of, stripped of'. The past participle «privé» agrees with «Dieu» (masc. sing.) and «de» introduces what is lacking, with no article: «privé de louanges» = 'deprived of praises'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Dieu","lemma":"Dieu","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"a God"},{"surface":"trahi","lemma":"trahir","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Dieu","gloss":"betrayed"},{"surface":"par","lemma":"par","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sort","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of sort","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sort","lemma":"sort","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"agent of trahi","gloss":"fate"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"privé","lemma":"priver","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with trahi","gloss":"stripped"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking louanges","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"louanges","lemma":"louange","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"complement of privé","gloss":"praises"}]},{"number":3,"label":"3","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s2-l1","source":"Ô Satan, prends pitié de ma longue misère!","translation":"O Satan, take pity on my long misery!","stanza":2,"audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"prends pitié de","title":"Imperative «prendre pitié de»","body":"«prends» is the «tu» imperative of «prendre». The fixed idiom «prendre pitié de quelqu'un» = 'to take pity on someone'. This line is the refrain — a litany response that returns after every invocation, the way a congregation answers a priest."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ô","lemma":"ô","morphology":"interjection","role":"vocative particle","gloss":"O"},{"surface":"Satan","lemma":"Satan","morphology":"proper noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Satan"},{"surface":"prends","lemma":"prendre","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"pitié","lemma":"pitié","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of prends","gloss":"pity"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking misère","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"ma","lemma":"mon","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of misère","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"longue","lemma":"long","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies misère","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"misère","lemma":"misère","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of preposition de","gloss":"misery"}]},{"number":4,"label":"4","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s3-l1","source":"Ô Prince de l'exil, à qui l'on a fait tort","translation":"O Prince of exile, to whom a wrong was done","stanza":3,"audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"à qui l'on a fait tort","title":"faire tort à","body":"«faire tort à quelqu'un» = 'to wrong someone, to do someone an injustice'. The «l'» in «l'on» is purely euphonic (it smooths the vowel clash after «à qui»), not a pronoun. Satan is cast as the wronged party, the exile who was treated unfairly."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ô","lemma":"ô","morphology":"interjection","role":"vocative particle","gloss":"O"},{"surface":"Prince","lemma":"prince","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Prince"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking exil","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"l'","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of exil","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"exil","lemma":"exil","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Prince","gloss":"exile"},{"surface":"à","lemma":"à","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking qui","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun","role":"indirect object of fait","gloss":"whom"},{"surface":"l'","lemma":"on","morphology":"euphonic particle, no independent meaning","role":"euphonic l' attached to on","gloss":"(euphonic)","note":"\"l'on\" inserts a euphonic l' before \"on\" for sound; it adds no meaning of its own."},{"surface":"on","lemma":"on","morphology":"pronoun, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"subject of fait","gloss":"someone"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"avoir","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of fait","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"fait","lemma":"faire","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"relative clause on Prince","gloss":"done"},{"surface":"tort","lemma":"tort","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of fait","gloss":"wrong"}]},{"number":5,"label":"5","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s3-l2","source":"Et qui, vaincu, toujours te redresses plus fort,","translation":"and who, vanquished, always raise yourself up stronger,","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"te redresses","title":"se redresser (pronominal)","body":"«se redresser» = 'to straighten up, to rise again'. The reflexive «te» marks the action as done to oneself: «tu te redresses» = 'you raise yourself back up'. Note the address shifts to «tu» («te»), even though «qui» grammatically governs the verb — Baudelaire speaks directly to Satan."}],"words":[{"surface":"Et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of redresses","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"vaincu","lemma":"vaincre","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"adverbial clause on redresses","gloss":"vanquished"},{"surface":"toujours","lemma":"toujours","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies redresses","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"te","morphology":"pronoun, reflexive, second-person, singular","role":"reflexive object of redresses","gloss":"yourself"},{"surface":"redresses","lemma":"redresser","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"raise up"},{"surface":"plus","lemma":"plus","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fort","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"fort","lemma":"fort","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies redresses","gloss":"strongly"}]},{"number":6,"label":"6","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s4-l1","source":"Ô Satan, prends pitié de ma longue misère!","translation":"O Satan, take pity on my long misery!","stanza":4,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ô","lemma":"ô","morphology":"interjection","role":"vocative particle","gloss":"O"},{"surface":"Satan","lemma":"Satan","morphology":"proper noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Satan"},{"surface":"prends","lemma":"prendre","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"pitié","lemma":"pitié","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of prends","gloss":"pity"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking misère","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"ma","lemma":"mon","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of misère","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"longue","lemma":"long","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies misère","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"misère","lemma":"misère","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of preposition de","gloss":"misery"}]},{"number":7,"label":"7","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s5-l1","source":"Toi qui sais tout, grand roi des choses souterraines,","translation":"You who know all, great king of subterranean things,","stanza":5,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Toi","lemma":"toi","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"You"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of sais","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"sais","lemma":"savoir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"relative clause on Toi","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"tout","lemma":"tout","morphology":"pronoun, indefinite","role":"direct object of sais","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"grand","lemma":"grand","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies roi","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"roi","lemma":"roi","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition to Toi","gloss":"king"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking choses","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"choses","lemma":"chose","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies roi","gloss":"things"},{"surface":"souterraines","lemma":"souterrain","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies choses","gloss":"subterranean"}]},{"number":8,"label":"8","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s5-l2","source":"Guérisseur familier des angoisses humaines,","translation":"familiar healer of human anguishes,","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Guérisseur familier","title":"guérisseur","body":"«guérisseur» is a folk-healer or faith-healer, not a trained doctor — one who cures by laying-on of hands or charms. «familier» = 'familiar, intimate'. Satan is the homely, everyday healer of human dread, a deliberately tender title for the Devil."}],"words":[{"surface":"Guérisseur","lemma":"guérisseur","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition to Toi","gloss":"Healer"},{"surface":"familier","lemma":"familier","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Guérisseur","gloss":"familiar"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking angoisses","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"angoisses","lemma":"angoisse","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies Guérisseur","gloss":"anguishes"},{"surface":"humaines","lemma":"humain","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies angoisses","gloss":"human"}]},{"number":9,"label":"9","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s6-l1","source":"Ô Satan, prends pitié de ma longue misère!","translation":"O Satan, take pity on my long misery!","stanza":6,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ô","lemma":"ô","morphology":"interjection","role":"vocative particle","gloss":"O"},{"surface":"Satan","lemma":"Satan","morphology":"proper noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Satan"},{"surface":"prends","lemma":"prendre","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"pitié","lemma":"pitié","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of prends","gloss":"pity"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking misère","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"ma","lemma":"mon","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of misère","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"longue","lemma":"long","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies misère","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"misère","lemma":"misère","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of preposition de","gloss":"misery"}]},{"number":10,"label":"10","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s7-l1","source":"Toi qui, même aux lépreux, aux parias maudits,","translation":"You who, even to the lepers, to the accursed pariahs,","stanza":7,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Toi","lemma":"toi","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"You"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of Enseignes (next line)","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"même","lemma":"même","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies aux lépreux","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"aux","lemma":"à","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lépreux","gloss":"to the"},{"surface":"lépreux","lemma":"lépreux","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"indirect object of Enseignes","gloss":"lepers"},{"surface":"aux","lemma":"à","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking parias","gloss":"to the"},{"surface":"parias","lemma":"paria","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with lépreux, indirect object of Enseignes","gloss":"pariahs"},{"surface":"maudits","lemma":"maudire","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies parias","gloss":"accursed"}]},{"number":11,"label":"11","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s7-l2","source":"Enseignes par l'amour le goût du Paradis,","translation":"teach through love the taste of Paradise,","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Enseignes","lemma":"enseigner","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"teach"},{"surface":"par","lemma":"par","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking amour","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"l'","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of amour","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"amour","lemma":"amour","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of preposition par","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of goût","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"goût","lemma":"goût","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of Enseignes","gloss":"taste"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Paradis","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Paradis","lemma":"Paradis","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies goût","gloss":"Paradise"}]},{"number":12,"label":"12","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s8-l1","source":"Ô Satan, prends pitié de ma longue misère!","translation":"O Satan, take pity on my long misery!","stanza":8,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ô","lemma":"ô","morphology":"interjection","role":"vocative particle","gloss":"O"},{"surface":"Satan","lemma":"Satan","morphology":"proper noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Satan"},{"surface":"prends","lemma":"prendre","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"pitié","lemma":"pitié","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of prends","gloss":"pity"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking misère","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"ma","lemma":"mon","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of misère","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"longue","lemma":"long","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies misère","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"misère","lemma":"misère","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of preposition de","gloss":"misery"}]},{"number":13,"label":"13","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s9-l1","source":"Ô toi qui de la Mort, ta vieille et forte amante,","translation":"O you who, on Death, your old and mighty mistress,","stanza":9,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ô","lemma":"ô","morphology":"interjection","role":"vocative particle","gloss":"O"},{"surface":"toi","lemma":"toi","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of Engendras (next line)","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Mort","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of Mort","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Mort","lemma":"mort","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of preposition de","gloss":"Death"},{"surface":"ta","lemma":"ton","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of amante","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"vieille","lemma":"vieux","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies amante","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"forte","lemma":"fort","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with vieille","gloss":"mighty"},{"surface":"amante","lemma":"amante","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"in apposition to Mort","gloss":"mistress"}]},{"number":14,"label":"14","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s9-l2","source":"Engendras l'Espérance, — une folle charmante!","translation":"begot Hope — a charming madwoman!","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Engendras","title":"Passé simple: «engendrer»","body":"«engendras» is the passé simple (literary past tense) of «engendrer» = 'to beget, to father', second person singular. The construction is «engendrer X de Y» — to beget X upon Y: here Satan begets «l'Espérance» (Hope) upon «la Mort» (Death), his aged mistress."}],"words":[{"surface":"Engendras","lemma":"engendrer","morphology":"verb, past historic, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"begot"},{"surface":"l'","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of Espérance","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Espérance","lemma":"espérance","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of Engendras","gloss":"Hope"},{"surface":"une","lemma":"un","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of folle","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"folle","lemma":"fou","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"in apposition to Espérance","gloss":"madwoman"},{"surface":"charmante","lemma":"charmant","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies folle","gloss":"charming"}]},{"number":15,"label":"15","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s10-l1","source":"Ô Satan, prends pitié de ma longue misère!","translation":"O Satan, take pity on my long misery!","stanza":10,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ô","lemma":"ô","morphology":"interjection","role":"vocative particle","gloss":"O"},{"surface":"Satan","lemma":"Satan","morphology":"proper noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Satan"},{"surface":"prends","lemma":"prendre","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"pitié","lemma":"pitié","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of prends","gloss":"pity"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking misère","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"ma","lemma":"mon","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of misère","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"longue","lemma":"long","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies misère","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"misère","lemma":"misère","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of preposition de","gloss":"misery"}]},{"number":16,"label":"16","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s11-l1","source":"Toi qui fais au proscrit ce regard calme et haut","translation":"You who give the outlaw that calm and lofty gaze","stanza":11,"audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"au proscrit","title":"le proscrit","body":"«le proscrit» = 'the proscribed one, the outlaw, the banished man' — someone outlawed and condemned by the state. «faire un regard à quelqu'un» here means to lend or give him that look. The condemned man's serene defiance damns the crowd watching him die."}],"words":[{"surface":"Toi","lemma":"toi","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"You"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of fais","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"fais","lemma":"faire","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"relative clause on Toi","gloss":"give"},{"surface":"au","lemma":"à","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking proscrit","gloss":"to the"},{"surface":"proscrit","lemma":"proscrit","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"indirect object of fais","gloss":"outlaw"},{"surface":"ce","lemma":"ce","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of regard","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"regard","lemma":"regard","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of fais","gloss":"gaze"},{"surface":"calme","lemma":"calme","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies regard","gloss":"calm"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"haut","lemma":"haut","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with calme","gloss":"lofty"}]},{"number":17,"label":"17","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s11-l2","source":"Qui damne tout un peuple autour d'un échafaud.","translation":"that damns a whole people around a scaffold.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of damne","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"damne","lemma":"damner","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"damns"},{"surface":"tout","lemma":"tout","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies peuple","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"un","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of peuple","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"peuple","lemma":"peuple","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of damne","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"autour","lemma":"autour","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies peuple","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"d'","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking échafaud","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"un","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of échafaud","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"échafaud","lemma":"échafaud","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"depends on autour","gloss":"scaffold"}]},{"number":18,"label":"18","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s12-l1","source":"Ô Satan, prends pitié de ma longue misère!","translation":"O Satan, take pity on my long misery!","stanza":12,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ô","lemma":"ô","morphology":"interjection","role":"vocative particle","gloss":"O"},{"surface":"Satan","lemma":"Satan","morphology":"proper noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Satan"},{"surface":"prends","lemma":"prendre","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"pitié","lemma":"pitié","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of prends","gloss":"pity"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking misère","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"ma","lemma":"mon","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of misère","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"longue","lemma":"long","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies misère","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"misère","lemma":"misère","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of preposition de","gloss":"misery"}]},{"number":19,"label":"19","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s13-l1","source":"Toi qui sais en quels coins des terres envieuses","translation":"You who know in what corners of the grudging earth","stanza":13,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Toi","lemma":"toi","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"You"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of sais","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"sais","lemma":"savoir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"relative clause on Toi","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking coins","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"quels","lemma":"quel","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of coins","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"coins","lemma":"coin","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"object of preposition en","gloss":"corners"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking terres","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"terres","lemma":"terre","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies coins","gloss":"lands"},{"surface":"envieuses","lemma":"envieux","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies terres","gloss":"grudging"}]},{"number":20,"label":"20","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s13-l2","source":"Le Dieu jaloux cacha les pierres précieuses,","translation":"the jealous God hid the precious stones,","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"cacha","title":"Passé simple: «cacher»","body":"«cacha» is the passé simple of «cacher» = 'to hide', third person singular ('hid'). The litany keeps reaching back into a mythic past tense: the «Dieu jaloux» once buried the gems, and only Satan knows where."}],"words":[{"surface":"Le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Dieu","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Dieu","lemma":"dieu","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of cacha","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"jaloux","lemma":"jaloux","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Dieu","gloss":"jealous"},{"surface":"cacha","lemma":"cacher","morphology":"verb, past historic, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"hid"},{"surface":"les","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of pierres","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"pierres","lemma":"pierre","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"direct object of cacha","gloss":"stones"},{"surface":"précieuses","lemma":"précieux","morphology":"adjective, feminine, plural","role":"modifies pierres","gloss":"precious"}]},{"number":21,"label":"21","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s14-l1","source":"Ô Satan, prends pitié de ma longue misère!","translation":"O Satan, take pity on my long misery!","stanza":14,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ô","lemma":"ô","morphology":"interjection","role":"vocative particle","gloss":"O"},{"surface":"Satan","lemma":"Satan","morphology":"proper noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Satan"},{"surface":"prends","lemma":"prendre","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"pitié","lemma":"pitié","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of prends","gloss":"pity"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking misère","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"ma","lemma":"mon","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of misère","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"longue","lemma":"long","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies misère","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"misère","lemma":"misère","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of preposition de","gloss":"misery"}]},{"number":22,"label":"22","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s15-l1","source":"Toi dont l'oeil clair connaît les profonds arsenaux","translation":"You whose clear eye knows the deep arsenals","stanza":15,"audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Toi dont l'oeil","title":"Relative «dont» (= of whom / whose)","body":"«dont» replaces «de qui / duquel» and here marks possession: «toi dont l'oeil» = 'you whose eye'. It links Satan to «l'oeil clair» that follows. The anaphora «Toi qui… / Toi dont…» drives the whole litany of attributes."}],"words":[{"surface":"Toi","lemma":"toi","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"You"},{"surface":"dont","lemma":"dont","morphology":"possessive relative pronoun","role":"links oeil to Toi","gloss":"whose"},{"surface":"l'","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of oeil","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"oeil","lemma":"oeil","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of connaît","gloss":"eye"},{"surface":"clair","lemma":"clair","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies oeil","gloss":"clear"},{"surface":"connaît","lemma":"connaître","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"relative clause on Toi","gloss":"knows"},{"surface":"les","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of arsenaux","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"profonds","lemma":"profond","morphology":"adjective, masculine, plural","role":"modifies arsenaux","gloss":"deep"},{"surface":"arsenaux","lemma":"arsenal","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of connaît","gloss":"arsenals"}]},{"number":23,"label":"23","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s15-l2","source":"Où dort enseveli le peuple des métaux,","translation":"where the people of the metals lies buried asleep,","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Où","lemma":"où","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on dort","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"dort","lemma":"dormir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sleeps"},{"surface":"enseveli","lemma":"ensevelir","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"predicate complement of dort, modifies peuple","gloss":"buried"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of peuple","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"peuple","lemma":"peuple","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of dort","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking métaux","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"métaux","lemma":"métal","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies peuple","gloss":"metals"}]},{"number":24,"label":"24","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s16-l1","source":"Ô Satan, prends pitié de ma longue misère!","translation":"O Satan, take pity on my long misery!","stanza":16,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ô","lemma":"ô","morphology":"interjection","role":"vocative particle","gloss":"O"},{"surface":"Satan","lemma":"Satan","morphology":"proper noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Satan"},{"surface":"prends","lemma":"prendre","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"pitié","lemma":"pitié","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of prends","gloss":"pity"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking misère","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"ma","lemma":"mon","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of misère","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"longue","lemma":"long","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies misère","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"misère","lemma":"misère","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of preposition de","gloss":"misery"}]},{"number":25,"label":"25","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s17-l1","source":"Toi dont la large main cache les précipices","translation":"You whose broad hand hides the precipices","stanza":17,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Toi","lemma":"toi","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"You"},{"surface":"dont","lemma":"dont","morphology":"possessive relative pronoun","role":"links main to Toi","gloss":"whose"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of main","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"large","lemma":"large","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies main","gloss":"broad"},{"surface":"main","lemma":"main","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of cache","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"cache","lemma":"cacher","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"relative clause on Toi","gloss":"hides"},{"surface":"les","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of précipices","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"précipices","lemma":"précipice","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of cache","gloss":"precipices"}]},{"number":26,"label":"26","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s17-l2","source":"Au somnambule errant au bord des édifices,","translation":"from the sleepwalker wandering at the edge of the buildings,","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"cache les précipices Au somnambule","title":"cacher qqch à qqn","body":"«cacher quelque chose à quelqu'un» = 'to hide something from someone' — French uses «à» where English uses 'from'. So «cache les précipices au somnambule» = 'hides the precipices from the sleepwalker'. Satan, perversely, protects the dreamer from the fall."}],"words":[{"surface":"Au","lemma":"à","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking somnambule","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"somnambule","lemma":"somnambule","morphology":"noun, singular","role":"indirect object of cache (previous line)","gloss":"sleepwalker"},{"surface":"errant","lemma":"errer","morphology":"verb, present, participle","role":"clause modifying somnambule","gloss":"wandering"},{"surface":"au","lemma":"à","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bord","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"bord","lemma":"bord","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies somnambule","gloss":"edge"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking édifices","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"édifices","lemma":"édifice","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies bord","gloss":"buildings"}]},{"number":27,"label":"27","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s18-l1","source":"Ô Satan, prends pitié de ma longue misère!","translation":"O Satan, take pity on my long misery!","stanza":18,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ô","lemma":"ô","morphology":"interjection","role":"vocative particle","gloss":"O"},{"surface":"Satan","lemma":"Satan","morphology":"proper noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Satan"},{"surface":"prends","lemma":"prendre","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"pitié","lemma":"pitié","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of prends","gloss":"pity"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking misère","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"ma","lemma":"mon","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of misère","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"longue","lemma":"long","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies misère","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"misère","lemma":"misère","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of preposition de","gloss":"misery"}]},{"number":28,"label":"28","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s19-l1","source":"Toi qui, magiquement, assouplis les vieux os","translation":"You who, by magic, make supple again the old bones","stanza":19,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Toi","lemma":"toi","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"You"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of assouplis","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"magiquement","lemma":"magiquement","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies assouplis","gloss":"by magic"},{"surface":"assouplis","lemma":"assouplir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"relative clause on Toi","gloss":"make supple"},{"surface":"les","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of os","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"vieux","lemma":"vieux","morphology":"adjective, masculine","role":"modifies os","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"os","lemma":"os","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"direct object of assouplis","gloss":"bones"}]},{"number":29,"label":"29","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s19-l2","source":"De l'ivrogne attardé foulé par les chevaux,","translation":"of the belated drunkard trampled by the horses,","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ivrogne","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"l'","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of ivrogne","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ivrogne","lemma":"ivrogne","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of preposition De","gloss":"drunkard"},{"surface":"attardé","lemma":"attarder","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"clause modifying ivrogne","gloss":"belated"},{"surface":"foulé","lemma":"fouler","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"clause modifying ivrogne","gloss":"trampled"},{"surface":"par","lemma":"par","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking chevaux","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"les","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of chevaux","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"chevaux","lemma":"cheval","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"agent of foulé","gloss":"horses"}]},{"number":30,"label":"30","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s20-l1","source":"Ô Satan, prends pitié de ma longue misère!","translation":"O Satan, take pity on my long misery!","stanza":20,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ô","lemma":"ô","morphology":"interjection","role":"vocative particle","gloss":"O"},{"surface":"Satan","lemma":"Satan","morphology":"proper noun, masculine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Satan"},{"surface":"prends","lemma":"prendre","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"pitié","lemma":"pitié","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of prends","gloss":"pity"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking misère","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"ma","lemma":"mon","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of misère","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"longue","lemma":"long","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies misère","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"misère","lemma":"misère","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of preposition de","gloss":"misery"}]},{"number":31,"label":"31","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s21-l1","source":"Toi qui, pour consoler l'homme frêle qui souffre,","translation":"You who, to console the frail man who suffers,","stanza":21,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Toi","lemma":"toi","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, singular","role":"subject of appris (s21-l2)","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of appris (s21-l2)","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"pour","lemma":"pour","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces purpose clause modifying appris","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"consoler","lemma":"consoler","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"verb of the purpose clause","gloss":"console"},{"surface":"l'","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of homme","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"homme","lemma":"homme","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of consoler","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"frêle","lemma":"frêle","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies homme","gloss":"frail"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of souffre","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"souffre","lemma":"souffrir","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"relative clause on homme","gloss":"suffers"}]},{"number":32,"label":"32","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s21-l2","source":"Nous appris à mêler le salpêtre et le soufre,","translation":"taught us to mix saltpetre and sulphur,","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nous","lemma":"nous","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"indirect object of appris","gloss":"us"},{"surface":"appris","lemma":"apprendre","morphology":"verb, passé simple, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"taught"},{"surface":"à","lemma":"à","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the infinitive clause of mêler","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"mêler","lemma":"mêler","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of appris","gloss":"mix"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of salpêtre","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"salpêtre","lemma":"salpêtre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of mêler","gloss":"saltpetre"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of soufre","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"soufre","lemma":"soufre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with salpêtre","gloss":"sulphur"}]},{"number":33,"label":"33","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s22-l1","source":"Ô Satan, prends pitié de ma longue misère!","translation":"O Satan, take pity on my long misery!","stanza":22,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ô","lemma":"ô","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation introducing vocative Satan","gloss":"O"},{"surface":"Satan","lemma":"Satan","morphology":"proper noun, masculine, singular","role":"vocative, addressed party","gloss":"Satan"},{"surface":"prends","lemma":"prendre","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"pitié","lemma":"pitié","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of prends","gloss":"pity"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"completes pitié de, marks misère","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"ma","lemma":"mon","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of misère","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"longue","lemma":"long","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies misère","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"misère","lemma":"misère","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of preposition de","gloss":"misery"}]},{"number":34,"label":"34","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s23-l1","source":"Toi qui poses ta marque, ô complice subtil,","translation":"You who set your mark, O subtle accomplice,","stanza":23,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Toi","lemma":"toi","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, singular","role":"vocative, subject of poses","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of poses","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"poses","lemma":"poser","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"relative clause verb, modifies Toi","gloss":"set"},{"surface":"ta","lemma":"ton","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of marque","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"marque","lemma":"marque","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of poses","gloss":"mark"},{"surface":"ô","lemma":"ô","morphology":"interjection","role":"introduces vocative complice","gloss":"O"},{"surface":"complice","lemma":"complice","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"vocative, in apposition with Toi","gloss":"accomplice"},{"surface":"subtil","lemma":"subtil","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies complice","gloss":"subtle"}]},{"number":35,"label":"35","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s23-l2","source":"Sur le front du Crésus impitoyable et vil,","translation":"on the brow of the pitiless and base Croesus,","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sur","lemma":"sur","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking front","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of front","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"front","lemma":"front","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique argument of poses (s23-l1)","gloss":"brow"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Crésus","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"Crésus","lemma":"Crésus","morphology":"proper noun, masculine, singular","role":"modifies front","gloss":"Croesus"},{"surface":"impitoyable","lemma":"impitoyable","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Crésus","gloss":"pitiless"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vil","lemma":"vil","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with impitoyable","gloss":"base"}]},{"number":36,"label":"36","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s24-l1","source":"Ô Satan, prends pitié de ma longue misère!","translation":"O Satan, take pity on my long misery!","stanza":24,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ô","lemma":"ô","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation introducing vocative Satan","gloss":"O"},{"surface":"Satan","lemma":"Satan","morphology":"proper noun, masculine, singular","role":"vocative, addressed party","gloss":"Satan"},{"surface":"prends","lemma":"prendre","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"pitié","lemma":"pitié","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of prends","gloss":"pity"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"completes pitié de, marks misère","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"ma","lemma":"mon","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of misère","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"longue","lemma":"long","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies misère","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"misère","lemma":"misère","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of preposition de","gloss":"misery"}]},{"number":37,"label":"37","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s25-l1","source":"Toi qui mets dans les yeux et dans le coeur des filles","translation":"You who put into the eyes and into the heart of girls","stanza":25,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Toi","lemma":"toi","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, singular","role":"vocative, subject of mets","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"qui","lemma":"qui","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of mets","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"mets","lemma":"mettre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"relative clause verb, modifies Toi","gloss":"put"},{"surface":"dans","lemma":"dans","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking yeux","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"les","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of yeux","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"yeux","lemma":"oeil","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"oblique argument of mets","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dans","lemma":"dans","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking coeur","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of coeur","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"coeur","lemma":"coeur","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with yeux","gloss":"heart"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking filles","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"filles","lemma":"fille","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies coeur","gloss":"girls"}]},{"number":38,"label":"38","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s25-l2","source":"Le culte de la plaie et l'amour des guenilles,","translation":"the cult of the wound and the love of rags,","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"des guenilles","title":"les guenilles","body":"«guenilles» = 'rags, tatters' — worn-out, filthy clothing, hence wretchedness itself. «des filles» here carries its harsher sense of fallen or kept women. Satan teaches the poor and the prostitute to worship their own sores and squalor."}],"words":[{"surface":"Le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of culte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"culte","lemma":"culte","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"direct object of mets (s25-l1)","gloss":"cult"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking plaie","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"la","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of plaie","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"plaie","lemma":"plaie","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies culte","gloss":"wound"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"l'","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of amour","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"amour","lemma":"amour","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with culte","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking guenilles","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"guenilles","lemma":"guenille","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"modifies amour","gloss":"rags"}]},{"number":39,"label":"39","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s26-l1","source":"Ô Satan, prends pitié de ma longue misère!","translation":"O Satan, take pity on my long misery!","stanza":26,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ô","lemma":"ô","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation introducing vocative Satan","gloss":"O"},{"surface":"Satan","lemma":"Satan","morphology":"proper noun, masculine, singular","role":"vocative, addressed party","gloss":"Satan"},{"surface":"prends","lemma":"prendre","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"pitié","lemma":"pitié","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of prends","gloss":"pity"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"completes pitié de, marks misère","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"ma","lemma":"mon","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of misère","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"longue","lemma":"long","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies misère","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"misère","lemma":"misère","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of preposition de","gloss":"misery"}]},{"number":40,"label":"40","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s27-l1","source":"Bâton des exilés, lampe des inventeurs,","translation":"Staff of the exiled, lamp of the inventors,","stanza":27,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Bâton","lemma":"bâton","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"vocative epithet for Satan","gloss":"staff"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking exilés","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"exilés","lemma":"exilé","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies Bâton","gloss":"exiled"},{"surface":"lampe","lemma":"lampe","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with Bâton, vocative epithet","gloss":"lamp"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking inventeurs","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"inventeurs","lemma":"inventeur","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies lampe","gloss":"inventors"}]},{"number":41,"label":"41","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s27-l2","source":"Confesseur des pendus et des conspirateurs,","translation":"confessor of the hanged and of the conspirators,","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Confesseur","lemma":"confesseur","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with Bâton (s27-l1), vocative epithet","gloss":"confessor"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pendus","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"pendus","lemma":"pendu","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"modifies Confesseur","gloss":"hanged"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"des","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking conspirateurs","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"conspirateurs","lemma":"conspirateur","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"coordinated with pendus","gloss":"conspirators"}]},{"number":42,"label":"42","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s28-l1","source":"Ô Satan, prends pitié de ma longue misère!","translation":"O Satan, take pity on my long misery!","stanza":28,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ô","lemma":"ô","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation introducing vocative Satan","gloss":"O"},{"surface":"Satan","lemma":"Satan","morphology":"proper noun, masculine, singular","role":"vocative, addressed party","gloss":"Satan"},{"surface":"prends","lemma":"prendre","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"pitié","lemma":"pitié","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of prends","gloss":"pity"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"completes pitié de, marks misère","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"ma","lemma":"mon","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of misère","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"longue","lemma":"long","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies misère","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"misère","lemma":"misère","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of preposition de","gloss":"misery"}]},{"number":43,"label":"43","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s29-l1","source":"Père adoptif de ceux qu'en sa noire colère","translation":"Adoptive father of those whom, in his black wrath,","stanza":29,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Père","lemma":"père","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"vocative epithet for Satan","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"adoptif","lemma":"adoptif","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Père","gloss":"adoptive"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ceux","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"ceux","lemma":"celui","morphology":"pronoun, masculine, plural","role":"object of de","gloss":"those"},{"surface":"qu'","lemma":"que","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"direct object of chassés (s29-l2)","gloss":"whom"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking colère","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"sa","lemma":"son","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of colère","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"noire","lemma":"noir","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies colère","gloss":"black"},{"surface":"colère","lemma":"colère","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of preposition en","gloss":"wrath"}]},{"number":44,"label":"44","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s29-l2","source":"Du paradis terrestre a chassés Dieu le Père,","translation":"God the Father drove out of the earthly paradise,","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"qu'... a chassés","title":"Past-participle agreement with «que»","body":"In «ceux qu'... a chassés», the participle «chassés» agrees in gender and number (masc. pl., +s) with the preceding direct object «ceux» ('those'), which the relative «que» stands for. The rule: a participle conjugated with «avoir» agrees with a direct object that comes before it. The word order is inverted — «Dieu le Père» (the subject) lands at the very end."}],"words":[{"surface":"Du","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking paradis","gloss":"from the"},{"surface":"paradis","lemma":"paradis","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"oblique argument of chassés","gloss":"paradise"},{"surface":"terrestre","lemma":"terrestre","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies paradis","gloss":"earthly"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"avoir","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, third-person, singular","role":"depends on chassés","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"chassés","lemma":"chasser","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"driven out"},{"surface":"Dieu","lemma":"Dieu","morphology":"proper noun, masculine, singular","role":"subject of chassés","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"le","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Père","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Père","lemma":"père","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition with Dieu, subject of chassés","gloss":"Father"}]},{"number":45,"label":"45","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s30-l1","source":"Ô Satan, prends pitié de ma longue misère!","translation":"O Satan, take pity on my long misery!","stanza":30,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ô","lemma":"ô","morphology":"interjection","role":"exclamation introducing vocative Satan","gloss":"O"},{"surface":"Satan","lemma":"Satan","morphology":"proper noun, masculine, singular","role":"vocative, addressed party","gloss":"Satan"},{"surface":"prends","lemma":"prendre","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"pitié","lemma":"pitié","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"direct object of prends","gloss":"pity"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"completes pitié de, marks misère","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"ma","lemma":"mon","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular","role":"determiner of misère","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"longue","lemma":"long","morphology":"adjective, feminine, singular","role":"modifies misère","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"misère","lemma":"misère","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"object of preposition de","gloss":"misery"}]},{"number":46,"label":"46","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s31-l1","source":"Prière","translation":"Prayer","stanza":31,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Prière","lemma":"prière","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase (section title)","gloss":"Prayer"}]},{"number":47,"label":"47","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s32-l1","source":"Gloire et louange à toi, Satan, dans les hauteurs","translation":"Glory and praise to you, Satan, in the heights","stanza":32,"audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Gloire","lemma":"gloire","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"glory"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"louange","lemma":"louange","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"coordinated with Gloire","gloss":"praise"},{"surface":"à","lemma":"à","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking toi","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"toi","lemma":"toi","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, singular","role":"object of preposition à","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"Satan","lemma":"Satan","morphology":"proper noun, masculine, singular","role":"in apposition with toi","gloss":"Satan"},{"surface":"dans","lemma":"dans","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hauteurs","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"les","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of hauteurs","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hauteurs","lemma":"hauteur","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"object of preposition dans","gloss":"heights"}]},{"number":48,"label":"48","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s32-l2","source":"Du Ciel, où tu régnas, et dans les profondeurs","translation":"of Heaven, where you reigned, and in the depths","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"tu régnas","title":"Passé simple: «régner»","body":"«régnas» is the passé simple of «régner» = 'to reign', second person singular ('you reigned'). The closing prayer balances two tenses of dominion: «où tu régnas» (where you once reigned, in Heaven) against «où… tu rêves» (where you now dream, in Hell)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Du","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Ciel","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"Ciel","lemma":"ciel","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of Du, modifies hauteurs (s32-l1)","gloss":"Heaven"},{"surface":"où","lemma":"où","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"adverbial relative, modifies régnas","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, singular","role":"subject of régnas","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"régnas","lemma":"régner","morphology":"verb, passé simple, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the relative clause on Ciel","gloss":"reigned"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"et","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dans","lemma":"dans","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking profondeurs","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"les","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, feminine, plural","role":"determiner of profondeurs","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"profondeurs","lemma":"profondeur","morphology":"noun, feminine, plural","role":"object of dans, coordinated with hauteurs","gloss":"depths"}]},{"number":49,"label":"49","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s32-l3","source":"De l'Enfer, où, vaincu, tu rêves en silence!","translation":"of Hell, where, vanquished, you dream in silence!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Enfer","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"l'","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of Enfer","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enfer","lemma":"enfer","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of De, modifies profondeurs (s32-l2)","gloss":"Hell"},{"surface":"où","lemma":"où","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"adverbial relative, modifies rêves","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"vaincu","lemma":"vaincre","morphology":"verb, past, participle, masculine, singular","role":"modifies tu (adjectival participle)","gloss":"vanquished"},{"surface":"tu","lemma":"tu","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, singular","role":"subject of rêves","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"rêves","lemma":"rêver","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the relative clause on Enfer","gloss":"dream"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking silence","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"silence","lemma":"silence","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of preposition en","gloss":"silence"}]},{"number":50,"label":"50","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s32-l4","source":"Fais que mon âme un jour, sous l'Arbre de Science,","translation":"Grant that my soul, one day, beneath the Tree of Knowledge,","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Fais que... se repose","title":"«faire que» + subjunctive","body":"«Fais que» ('bring it about that, grant that') is a command that forces the subjunctive in the clause it governs: «se repose» (third person of «se reposer») is subjunctive, not indicative. The whole sentence is a petition — the «Prière» proper — asking that the soul one day rest beside Satan."}],"words":[{"surface":"Fais","lemma":"faire","morphology":"verb, imperative, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"grant"},{"surface":"que","lemma":"que","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the subjunctive clause of repose (s32-l5)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"mon","lemma":"mon","morphology":"determiner, feminine, singular, elided form used before a vowel","role":"determiner of âme","gloss":"my","note":"\"mon\" (not \"ma\") is used before a feminine noun beginning with a vowel, like âme."},{"surface":"âme","lemma":"âme","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"subject of repose (s32-l5)","gloss":"soul"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"un","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of jour","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"jour","lemma":"jour","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"adverbial, modifies repose (s32-l5)","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"sous","lemma":"sous","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Arbre","gloss":"beneath"},{"surface":"l'","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of Arbre","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Arbre","lemma":"arbre","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of sous, adverbial modifying repose","gloss":"Tree"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Science","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Science","lemma":"science","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"modifies Arbre","gloss":"Knowledge"}]},{"number":51,"label":"51","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s32-l5","source":"Près de toi se repose, à l'heure où sur ton front","translation":"may rest near you, at the hour when upon your brow","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Près","lemma":"près","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of près de, modifies repose","gloss":"near"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of près de, marks toi","gloss":"near"},{"surface":"toi","lemma":"toi","morphology":"pronoun, second-person, singular","role":"object of près de","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"pronoun, reflexive","role":"depends on repose","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"repose","lemma":"reposer","morphology":"verb, present, subjunctive, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the que-clause (s32-l4), subject âme","gloss":"may rest"},{"surface":"à","lemma":"à","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking heure","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"l'","lemma":"le","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of heure","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"heure","lemma":"heure","morphology":"noun, feminine, singular","role":"adverbial time complement of repose","gloss":"hour"},{"surface":"où","lemma":"où","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"introduces the clause of épandront (s32-l6)","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"sur","lemma":"sur","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking front","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"ton","lemma":"ton","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of front","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"front","lemma":"front","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of sur, modifies épandront (s32-l6)","gloss":"brow"}]},{"number":52,"label":"52","id":"les-litanies-de-satan-s32-l6","source":"Comme un Temple nouveau ses rameaux s'épandront!","translation":"its boughs, like a new Temple, will spread wide!","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ses rameaux s'épandront","title":"Future of «s'épandre»","body":"«s'épandront» is the simple future of the pronominal verb «s'épandre» = 'to spread out, to extend'. The subject «ses rameaux» (its boughs — those of the Tree of Knowledge) stands in normal preverbal order; it is the fronted comparison «Comme un Temple nouveau» that pushes subject and verb to the end of the line. The poem closes on a vision of the future: the tree's branches will arch over Satan's brow like a new temple."}],"words":[{"surface":"Comme","lemma":"comme","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces comparison for rameaux","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"un","lemma":"un","morphology":"determiner, masculine, singular","role":"determiner of Temple","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Temple","lemma":"temple","morphology":"noun, masculine, singular","role":"object of Comme (comparison)","gloss":"Temple"},{"surface":"nouveau","lemma":"nouveau","morphology":"adjective, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Temple","gloss":"new"},{"surface":"ses","lemma":"son","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of rameaux","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"rameaux","lemma":"rameau","morphology":"noun, masculine, plural","role":"subject of épandront","gloss":"boughs"},{"surface":"s'","lemma":"se","morphology":"pronoun, reflexive","role":"depends on épandront","gloss":"(reflexive)"},{"surface":"épandront","lemma":"épandre","morphology":"verb, future, indicative, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"will spread"}]}]}