{"work":{"slug":"botchan","title":{"source":"坊っちゃん","translated":"Botchan"},"author":"Natsume Sōseki","language":"Japanese","languageCode":"ja","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/botchan"},"unit":{"kind":"chapter","number":null,"id":"ch01","title":{"source":"一","translated":"Chapter 1"},"section":"Botchan","summary":null,"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/botchan/ch01","lines":249},"previous":null,"next":"https://1732studios.com/books/botchan/ch02","license":"Source text: public domain (Natsume Sōseki, d. 1916; first published 1906), from Aozora Bunko. English translation and notes: © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC. Narration: synthesized for this edition.","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/","lines":[{"number":1,"label":"1","id":"ch01-p1-s1","source":"親譲りの無鉄砲で小供の時から損ばかりしている。","translation":"Reckless by inheritance, I've been losing out on things since I was a kid.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p1-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"無鉄砲","title":"「無鉄砲」","body":"「無鉄砲」 むてっぽう (muteppō) — reckless, headstrong, devil-may-care. The kanji read literally as 'without even an iron cannon,' but they're likely ateji (a phonetic respelling); one common theory traces the word to 無点法 (mutenpō, a kanbun text without reading marks, hence 'unclear, heedless'). it's the word that opens the book and defines Botchan's whole character."}],"words":[{"surface":"親","lemma":"親","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 譲り","gloss":"parent"},{"surface":"譲り","lemma":"譲り","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 無鉄砲","gloss":"inheritance"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 譲り","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"無鉄砲","lemma":"無鉄砲","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on し","gloss":"reckless"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 無鉄砲","gloss":"being"},{"surface":"小供","lemma":"子供","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 時","gloss":"child","note":"小供 is an older Meiji-era spelling of 子供 (child)."},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 小供","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"時","lemma":"時","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of し","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"損","lemma":"損","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of し","gloss":"losses"},{"surface":"ばかり","lemma":"ばかり","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 損","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"doing"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"いる","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"have been"}]},{"number":2,"label":"","id":"ch01-p1-s2","source":"小学校に居る時分学校の二階から飛び降りて一週間ほど腰を抜かした事がある。","translation":"Back in primary school I once jumped from the second floor of the schoolhouse and was laid up unable to walk for about a week.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p1-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"小","lemma":"小","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 学校","gloss":"primary"},{"surface":"学校","lemma":"学校","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 居る","gloss":"school"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学校","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"居る","lemma":"居る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 時分","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"時分","lemma":"時分","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 抜かし","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"学校","lemma":"学校","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 階","gloss":"schoolhouse"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学校","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"二","lemma":"二","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 階","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"階","lemma":"階","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 飛び","gloss":"floor"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 階","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"飛び","lemma":"飛ぶ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 抜かし","gloss":"jumped"},{"surface":"降り","lemma":"降りる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 抜かし","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 降り","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"一","lemma":"一","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 週間","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"週間","lemma":"週間","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 抜かし","gloss":"week"},{"surface":"ほど","lemma":"ほど","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 週間","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"腰","lemma":"腰","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 抜かし","gloss":"hip","note":"腰を抜かす is an idiom meaning to be too weak or stunned to stand."},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 腰","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"抜かし","lemma":"抜かす","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 事","gloss":"gave out"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 抜かし","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"experience"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase 事","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase 事","gloss":"have"}]},{"number":3,"label":"","id":"ch01-p1-s3","source":"なぜそんな無闇をしたと聞く人があるかも知れぬ。","translation":"Someone might ask why I did anything so reckless.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p1-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"知れぬ(=知れない)","title":"ぬ as a literary negative","body":"「知れぬ」 ends in ぬ, the rentaikei (attributive) form of the classical negative auxiliary ず, equivalent to modern 「知れない」 ('one cannot know'). Meiji-era written narration mixes this literary ず/ぬ negative freely with the modern ない form — both appear in this same chapter."}],"words":[{"surface":"なぜ","lemma":"なぜ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies し","gloss":"why"},{"surface":"そんな","lemma":"そんな","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 無闇","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"無闇","lemma":"無闇","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of し","gloss":"recklessness"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 無闇","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 聞く","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of し","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking し","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"聞く","lemma":"聞く","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 人","gloss":"asks"},{"surface":"人","lemma":"人","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ある","gloss":"person"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 人","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of ある","gloss":"(maybe)"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase か","gloss":"(perhaps)"},{"surface":"知れ","lemma":"知れる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase か","gloss":"known","note":"かも知れぬ (= かもしれない) is a set phrase meaning 'might/perhaps'."},{"surface":"ぬ","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase か","gloss":"(not)"}]},{"number":4,"label":"","id":"ch01-p1-s4","source":"別段深い理由でもない。","translation":"There was no deep reason for it.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p1-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"別段","lemma":"別段","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 深い","gloss":"particular"},{"surface":"深い","lemma":"深い","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 理由","gloss":"deep"},{"surface":"理由","lemma":"理由","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"reason"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 理由","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":5,"label":"","id":"ch01-p1-s5","source":"新築の二階から首を出していたら、同級生の一人が冗談に、いくら威張っても、そこから飛び降りる事は出来まい。","translation":"I was leaning my head out of the new building's second floor when one of my classmates joked that no matter how big I talked, I'd never dare jump from there.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p1-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"新築","lemma":"新築","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 階","gloss":"new building"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 新築","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"二","lemma":"二","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 階","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"階","lemma":"階","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 出し","gloss":"floor"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 階","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"首","lemma":"首","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 出し","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 首","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"出し","lemma":"出す","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 出来","gloss":"stuck out"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 出し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出し","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"同級","lemma":"同級","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 生","gloss":"same class"},{"surface":"生","lemma":"生","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 一人","gloss":"student"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 生","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"一人","lemma":"一人","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 出来","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 一人","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"冗談","lemma":"冗談","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 出来","gloss":"joke"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 冗談","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"いくら","lemma":"いくら","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 威張っ","gloss":"however much"},{"surface":"威張っ","lemma":"威張る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 出来","gloss":"boast"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 威張っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 威張っ","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"そこ","lemma":"そこ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of 飛び","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking そこ","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"飛び","lemma":"飛ぶ","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 事","gloss":"jump"},{"surface":"降りる","lemma":"降りる","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 事","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 出来","gloss":"act"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 事","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"出来","lemma":"出来る","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"まい","lemma":"まい","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出来","gloss":"(probably not)"}]},{"number":6,"label":"","id":"ch01-p1-s6","source":"弱虫やーい。","translation":"“Chicken!”","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p1-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"弱虫","lemma":"弱虫","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with やーい","gloss":"coward"},{"surface":"やーい","lemma":"やーい","morphology":"interjection","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"hey!"}]},{"number":7,"label":"","id":"ch01-p1-s7","source":"と囃したからである。","translation":"It was because he taunted me like that.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p1-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"囃し","lemma":"囃す","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"taunted"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 囃し","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 囃し","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 囃し","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":8,"label":"","id":"ch01-p1-s8","source":"小使に負ぶさって帰って来た時、おやじが大きな眼をして二階ぐらいから飛び降りて腰を抜かす奴があるかと云ったから、この次は抜かさずに飛んで見せますと答えた。","translation":"When the school janitor carried me home on his back, my father glared at me and said, what kind of fool loses the use of his legs jumping off a mere second floor — so I told him next time I'd jump without losing the use of my legs.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p1-s8.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"飛んで見せます","title":"Polite ます in a defiant reply","body":"Botchan's narration is almost entirely in the plain/literary style, but here — answering his father directly — he switches to the polite す/ます form: 「飛んで見せます」 ('I'll show you I can jump'). The politeness is aimed at his father, not the reader."}],"words":[{"surface":"小使","lemma":"小使","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 負ぶさっ","gloss":"janitor"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 小使","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"負ぶさっ","lemma":"負ぶさる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 帰っ","gloss":"was carried"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 負ぶさっ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"帰っ","lemma":"帰る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 時","gloss":"returned"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 帰っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"来","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 帰っ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"時","lemma":"時","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 云っ","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"おやじ","lemma":"おやじ","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 云っ","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おやじ","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"大きな","lemma":"大きな","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies 眼","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"眼","lemma":"眼","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of し","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 眼","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 云っ","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"二","lemma":"二","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 階","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"階","lemma":"階","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 飛び","gloss":"floor"},{"surface":"ぐらい","lemma":"ぐらい","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 階","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 階","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"飛び","lemma":"飛ぶ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 抜かす","gloss":"jump"},{"surface":"降り","lemma":"降りる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 抜かす","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 降り","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"腰","lemma":"腰","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 抜かす","gloss":"hip","note":"腰を抜かす is an idiom meaning to be too weak or stunned to stand."},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 腰","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"抜かす","lemma":"抜かす","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 奴","gloss":"gives out"},{"surface":"奴","lemma":"奴","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ある","gloss":"fool"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 奴","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 云っ","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of ある","gloss":"(question)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ある","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 答え","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云っ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 云っ","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 次","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"次","lemma":"次","morphology":"noun","role":"temporal topic of 見せ","gloss":"next time"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 次","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"抜かさ","lemma":"抜かす","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 飛ん","gloss":"give out"},{"surface":"ず","lemma":"ず","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 抜かさ","gloss":"(not)"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 抜かさ","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"飛ん","lemma":"飛ぶ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 見せ","gloss":"jump"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 飛ん","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"見せ","lemma":"見せる","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 答え","gloss":"show"},{"surface":"ます","lemma":"ます","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 見せ","gloss":"(polite)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 見せ","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"答え","lemma":"答える","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"answered"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 答え","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":9,"label":"2","id":"ch01-p2-s1","source":"親類のものから西洋製のナイフを貰って奇麗な刃を日に翳して、友達に見せていたら、一人が光る事は光るが切れそうもないと云った。","translation":"A relative once gave me a Western-made knife, and I was holding its bright blade up to the sun to show my friends, when one of them said it certainly shone, but it didn't look as if it could cut anything.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p2-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"親類","lemma":"親類","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies もの","gloss":"relative"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 親類","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 貰っ","gloss":"person"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もの","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"西洋","lemma":"西洋","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 製","gloss":"Western"},{"surface":"製","lemma":"製","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies ナイフ","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 製","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"ナイフ","lemma":"ナイフ","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 貰っ","gloss":"knife"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ナイフ","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"貰っ","lemma":"貰う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 翳し","gloss":"got"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 貰っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"奇麗","lemma":"奇麗","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 刃","gloss":"beautiful"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 奇麗","gloss":"(is)"},{"surface":"刃","lemma":"刃","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 翳し","gloss":"blade"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 刃","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"日","lemma":"日","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 翳し","gloss":"sun"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 日","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"翳し","lemma":"翳す","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 見せ","gloss":"held up"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 翳し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"友達","lemma":"友達","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 見せ","gloss":"friends"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 友達","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"見せ","lemma":"見せる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 云っ","gloss":"showed"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 見せ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 見せ","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"一人","lemma":"一人","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 云っ","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 一人","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"光る","lemma":"光る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 事","gloss":"shines"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"topic of 光る","gloss":"part"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 事","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"光る","lemma":"光る","morphology":"verb","role":"predicate of the topic clause","gloss":"does shine"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 光る","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"切れ","lemma":"切れる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase ない","gloss":"cut"},{"surface":"そう","lemma":"そう","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 切れ","gloss":"seems"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 切れ","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"clausal complement of 云っ","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ない","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云っ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":10,"label":"","id":"ch01-p2-s2","source":"切れぬ事があるか、何でも切ってみせると受け合った。","translation":"Not cut? I swore I could cut anything with it.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p2-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"受け合う","title":"「受け合う」","body":"「受け合う」 うけあう (ukeau) — to guarantee, vouch for, take on (a bet or claim). Botchan 'guarantees' he can cut anything — the boast that costs him a scar."}],"words":[{"surface":"切れ","lemma":"切れる","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 事","gloss":"cut"},{"surface":"ぬ","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 切れ","gloss":"(not)"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ある","gloss":"such a thing"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 事","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"predicate of 事","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 事","gloss":"(question)"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of 切っ","gloss":"anything"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"切っ","lemma":"切る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on みせる","gloss":"cut"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 切っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"みせる","lemma":"みせる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 受け","gloss":"show"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking みせる","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"受け","lemma":"受ける","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"guaranteed"},{"surface":"合っ","lemma":"合う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 受け","gloss":"together"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 合っ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":11,"label":"","id":"ch01-p2-s3","source":"そんなら君の指を切ってみろと注文したから、何だ指ぐらいこの通りだと右の手の親指の甲をはすに切り込んだ。","translation":"So he dared me to cut my own finger, and I said a finger was nothing and sliced diagonally across the back of my right thumb.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p2-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"そん","lemma":"それ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"topic of conditional clause (colloquial それ)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"なら","lemma":"なら","morphology":"conjunction","role":"conditional: if [that] is so","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"君","lemma":"君","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 指","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 君","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"指","lemma":"指","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 切っ","gloss":"finger"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 指","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"切っ","lemma":"切る","morphology":"verb","role":"verb of quoted clause 切ってみろ, complement of 注文","gloss":"cut"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"links 切っ to みろ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"みろ","lemma":"みる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"try"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"quotation particle marking 切ってみろ","gloss":"quote marker"},{"surface":"注文","lemma":"注文","morphology":"noun","role":"predicate (with し/た), governs から","gloss":"demanded"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 注文","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 注文","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 注文","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"predicate of exclamation 何だ, opens quoted thought","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 何","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"指","lemma":"指","morphology":"noun","role":"topic of quoted thought, quantified by ぐらい","gloss":"finger"},{"surface":"ぐらい","lemma":"ぐらい","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 指","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 通り","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"通り","lemma":"通り","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 込ん","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 通り","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"quotation particle marking 通り clause","gloss":"quote marker"},{"surface":"右","lemma":"右","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 手","gloss":"right"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 右","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"手","lemma":"手","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 親指","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 手","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"親指","lemma":"親指","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 甲","gloss":"thumb"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 親指","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"甲","lemma":"甲","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 切り込ん","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 甲","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"はす","lemma":"はす","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial (manner) on 切り込ん","gloss":"diagonal"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking はす","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"切り","lemma":"切る","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with 込ん","gloss":"sliced"},{"surface":"込ん","lemma":"込む","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 込ん","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":12,"label":"","id":"ch01-p2-s4","source":"幸ナイフが小さいのと、親指の骨が堅かったので、今だに親指は手に付いている。","translation":"Luckily the knife was small and my thumb bone was hard, so the thumb is still attached to my hand to this day.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p2-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"幸","lemma":"幸い","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the whole sentence","gloss":"luckily"},{"surface":"ナイフ","lemma":"ナイフ","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 小さい","gloss":"knife"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ナイフ","gloss":"subject marker"},{"surface":"小さい","lemma":"小さい","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 堅かっ","gloss":"was small"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"nominalizes 小さい","gloss":"(nominalizer)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"coordinates with 堅かっ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"親指","lemma":"親指","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 骨","gloss":"thumb"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 親指","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"骨","lemma":"骨","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 堅かっ","gloss":"bone"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 骨","gloss":"subject marker"},{"surface":"堅かっ","lemma":"堅い","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 付い","gloss":"was hard"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 堅かっ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"nominalizes 堅かった","gloss":"(nominalizer)"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"causal, with の forms ので","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"今","lemma":"今","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies だに","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"だに","lemma":"だに","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 付い","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"親指","lemma":"親指","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 付い","gloss":"thumb"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 親指","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"手","lemma":"手","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 付い","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 手","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"付い","lemma":"付く","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"attached"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 付い","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"いる","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"is still"}]},{"number":13,"label":"","id":"ch01-p2-s5","source":"しかし創痕は死ぬまで消えぬ。","translation":"But the scar will never fade as long as I live.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p2-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"しかし","lemma":"しかし","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"創痕","lemma":"創痕","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 消え","gloss":"scar"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 創痕","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"死ぬ","lemma":"死ぬ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 消え","gloss":"die"},{"surface":"まで","lemma":"まで","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 死ぬ","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"消え","lemma":"消える","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"fade"},{"surface":"ぬ","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 消え","gloss":"will not"}]},{"number":14,"label":"3","id":"ch01-p3-s1","source":"庭を東へ二十歩に行き尽すと、南上がりにいささかばかりの菜園があって、真中に栗の木が一本立っている。","translation":"Twenty paces east across our garden, on a little rise facing south, there was a small vegetable patch, and right in the middle of it stood a single chestnut tree.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p3-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"庭","lemma":"庭","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 行き","gloss":"garden"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 庭","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"東","lemma":"東","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 行き","gloss":"east"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 東","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"二十歩","lemma":"二十歩","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 行き","gloss":"twenty paces"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 二十歩","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"行き","lemma":"行く","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with 尽す","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"尽す","lemma":"尽くす","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause (と) on あっ","gloss":"all the way"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 尽す","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"南","lemma":"南","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 上がり","gloss":"south"},{"surface":"上がり","lemma":"上がり","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of あっ","gloss":"rise"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 上がり","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"いささか","lemma":"いささか","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 菜園","gloss":"a little"},{"surface":"ばかり","lemma":"ばかり","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking いささか","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking いささか","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"菜園","lemma":"菜園","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of あっ","gloss":"vegetable patch"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 菜園","gloss":"subject marker"},{"surface":"あっ","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 立っ","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of あっ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"真中","lemma":"真中","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 立っ","gloss":"middle"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 真中","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"栗","lemma":"栗","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 木","gloss":"chestnut"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 栗","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"木","lemma":"木","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 立っ","gloss":"tree"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 木","gloss":"subject marker"},{"surface":"一","lemma":"一","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 本","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"本","lemma":"本","morphology":"noun","role":"counter, compound with 木","gloss":"(tree counter)"},{"surface":"立っ","lemma":"立つ","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 立っ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"いる","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":15,"label":"","id":"ch01-p3-s2","source":"これは命より大事な栗だ。","translation":"That chestnut tree mattered to me more than my own life.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p3-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"栗だ","title":"Copula だ: blunt, plain-style","body":"だ is the plain, informal copula ('is'). Botchan's narration leans on blunt だ for short, punchy assertions like this one — contrast the more formal である a few sentences later."}],"words":[{"surface":"これ","lemma":"これ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 栗","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking これ","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"命","lemma":"命","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 大事","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"より","lemma":"より","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 命","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"大事","lemma":"大事","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 栗","gloss":"important"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 大事","gloss":"(attributive)"},{"surface":"栗","lemma":"栗","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"chestnut tree"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 栗","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":16,"label":"","id":"ch01-p3-s3","source":"実の熟する時分は起き抜けに背戸を出て落ちた奴を拾ってきて、学校で食う。","translation":"When the nuts ripened I'd go out the back door first thing in the morning, gather up the fallen ones, and eat them at school.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p3-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"実","lemma":"実","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 熟する","gloss":"nuts"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 実 (subject in relative clause)","gloss":"subject marker"},{"surface":"熟する","lemma":"熟する","morphology":"verb","role":"relative clause modifying 時分","gloss":"ripen"},{"surface":"時分","lemma":"時分","morphology":"noun","role":"topic, associated with 食う","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時分","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"起き抜け","lemma":"起き抜け","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 出","gloss":"upon waking"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 起き抜け","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"背戸","lemma":"背戸","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 出","gloss":"back door"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 背戸","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"出","lemma":"出る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 拾っ","gloss":"go out"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 出","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"落ち","lemma":"落ちる","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 奴","gloss":"fallen"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 落ち","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"奴","lemma":"奴","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 拾っ","gloss":"ones"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 奴","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"拾っ","lemma":"拾う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 食う","gloss":"gather"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 拾っ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"き","lemma":"くる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 拾っ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"学校","lemma":"学校","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 食う","gloss":"school"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学校","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"食う","lemma":"食う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"eat"}]},{"number":17,"label":"","id":"ch01-p3-s4","source":"菜園の西側が山城屋という質屋の庭続きで、この質屋に勘太郎という十三四の倅が居た。","translation":"The west side of the vegetable patch bordered the garden of a pawnshop called Yamashiroya, and that pawnshop had a son named Kantarō, about thirteen or fourteen.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p3-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"菜園","lemma":"菜園","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 西側","gloss":"vegetable patch"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 菜園","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"西側","lemma":"西側","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 続き","gloss":"west side"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 西側","gloss":"subject marker"},{"surface":"山城屋","lemma":"山城屋","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies 続き","gloss":"Yamashiroya"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 山城屋","gloss":"quote marker"},{"surface":"いう","lemma":"いう","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase と","gloss":"called"},{"surface":"質屋","lemma":"質屋","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 続き","gloss":"pawnshop"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 質屋","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"庭","lemma":"庭","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 続き","gloss":"garden"},{"surface":"続き","lemma":"続き","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 居","gloss":"adjoined"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 続き","gloss":"was, and"},{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 質屋","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"質屋","lemma":"質屋","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 居","gloss":"pawnshop"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 質屋","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"勘太郎","lemma":"勘太郎","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 倅","gloss":"Kantarō"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 勘太郎","gloss":"quote marker"},{"surface":"いう","lemma":"いう","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase と","gloss":"named"},{"surface":"十","lemma":"十","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 三 (forms 十三, \"13\")","gloss":"ten"},{"surface":"三","lemma":"三","morphology":"numeral","role":"compounds with 十 to form 十三, appended by 四 for the range \"13 or 14\"","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"四","lemma":"四","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 倅","gloss":"four"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 四","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"倅","lemma":"倅","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 居","gloss":"son"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 倅","gloss":"subject marker"},{"surface":"居","lemma":"居る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 居","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":18,"label":"","id":"ch01-p3-s5","source":"勘太郎は無論弱虫である。","translation":"Kantarō, needless to say, was a coward.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p3-s5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"弱虫である","title":"Copula である vs. だ","body":"である is the more formal/written register of the copula 'to be'. Meiji prose narration often alternates だ and である sentence by sentence for rhythm; both mean the same thing, but である reads slightly more detached and essayistic."}],"words":[{"surface":"勘太郎","lemma":"勘太郎","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 弱虫","gloss":"Kantarō"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 勘太郎","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"無論","lemma":"無論","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 弱虫","gloss":"of course"},{"surface":"弱虫","lemma":"弱虫","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"coward"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 弱虫","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"(is)"}]},{"number":19,"label":"","id":"ch01-p3-s6","source":"弱虫の癖に四つ目垣を乗りこえて、栗を盗みにくる。","translation":"Coward though he was, he'd climb over the lattice fence to steal my chestnuts.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p3-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"弱虫","lemma":"弱虫","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 癖","gloss":"coward"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 弱虫","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"癖","lemma":"癖","morphology":"noun","role":"concessive, modifies the main clause","gloss":"though"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 癖","gloss":"(despite)"},{"surface":"四","lemma":"四","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 垣","gloss":"four"},{"surface":"つ","lemma":"つ","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 垣","gloss":"(counter)"},{"surface":"目","lemma":"目","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 垣","gloss":"mesh"},{"surface":"垣","lemma":"垣","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 乗り","gloss":"fence"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 垣","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"乗り","lemma":"乗る","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with こえ","gloss":"climb"},{"surface":"こえ","lemma":"こえる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on くる","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of こえ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"栗","lemma":"栗","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 盗み","gloss":"chestnuts"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 栗","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"盗み","lemma":"盗む","morphology":"noun","role":"purpose complement of くる","gloss":"steal"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 盗み","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"くる","lemma":"くる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"come"}]},{"number":20,"label":"","id":"ch01-p3-s7","source":"ある日の夕方折戸の蔭に隠れて、とうとう勘太郎を捕まえてやった。","translation":"One evening I hid behind the wicket gate and finally caught him at it.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p3-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"determiner","role":"modifies 日","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"日","lemma":"日","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 夕方","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 日","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"夕方","lemma":"夕方","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 隠れ","gloss":"evening"},{"surface":"折戸","lemma":"折戸","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 蔭","gloss":"wicket gate"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 折戸","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"蔭","lemma":"蔭","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 隠れ","gloss":"shade"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 蔭","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"隠れ","lemma":"隠れる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 捕まえ","gloss":"hid"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 隠れ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"とうとう","lemma":"とうとう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 捕まえ","gloss":"finally"},{"surface":"勘太郎","lemma":"勘太郎","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 捕まえ","gloss":"Kantarō"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 勘太郎","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"捕まえ","lemma":"捕まえる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"caught"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 捕まえ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"やっ","lemma":"やる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 捕まえ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":21,"label":"","id":"ch01-p3-s8","source":"その時勘太郎は逃げ路を失って、一生懸命に飛びかかってきた。","translation":"With no way to escape, Kantarō threw himself at me with all his might.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p3-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"その","lemma":"その","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 時","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"時","lemma":"時","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of かかっ","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"勘太郎","lemma":"勘太郎","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of かかっ","gloss":"Kantarō"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 勘太郎","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"逃げ","lemma":"逃げる","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 路","gloss":"escape"},{"surface":"路","lemma":"路","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 失っ","gloss":"route"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 路","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"失っ","lemma":"失う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 飛び","gloss":"lost"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 失っ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"一生","lemma":"一生","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 懸命","gloss":"whole life"},{"surface":"懸命","lemma":"懸命","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 飛び","gloss":"utmost"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"adverbializes 懸命","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"飛び","lemma":"飛ぶ","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with かかっ","gloss":"jumped"},{"surface":"かかっ","lemma":"かかる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"pounced"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of かかっ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"き","lemma":"くる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of かかっ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":22,"label":"","id":"ch01-p3-s9","source":"向うは二つばかり年上である。","translation":"He was about two years older than me.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p3-s9.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"向う","lemma":"向う","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 年上","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 向う","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"二","lemma":"二","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies つ","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"つ","lemma":"つ","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 年上","gloss":"(years)"},{"surface":"ばかり","lemma":"ばかり","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking つ","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"年上","lemma":"年上","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"older"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 年上","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"(is)"}]},{"number":23,"label":"","id":"ch01-p3-s10","source":"弱虫だが力は強い。","translation":"Coward though he was, he was strong.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p3-s10.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"弱虫","lemma":"弱虫","morphology":"noun","role":"predicate noun before だ","gloss":"a coward"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula on 弱虫","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"concessive conjunction, links 弱虫だ to 力は強い","gloss":"though"},{"surface":"力","lemma":"力","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 強い","gloss":"strength"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"topic particle marking 力","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"強い","lemma":"強い","morphology":"adjective","role":"main predicate of the sentence","gloss":"was strong"}]},{"number":24,"label":"","id":"ch01-p3-s11","source":"鉢の開いた頭を、こっちの胸へ宛ててぐいぐい押した拍子に、勘太郎の頭がすべって、おれの袷の袖の中にはいった。","translation":"He rammed his broad skull against my chest and shoved hard, and in the scuffle his head slipped and ended up inside the sleeve of my lined kimono.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p3-s11.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"鉢","lemma":"鉢","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 開い (attributive の = が)","gloss":"crown of the skull"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"subject particle marking 鉢 (=が)","gloss":"(subj.)"},{"surface":"開い","lemma":"開く","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 頭","gloss":"widened"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 開い","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"頭","lemma":"頭","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 宛て","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 頭","gloss":"(obj.)"},{"surface":"こっち","lemma":"こっち","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 胸","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking こっち","gloss":"(poss.)"},{"surface":"胸","lemma":"胸","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 宛て","gloss":"chest"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 胸","gloss":"against"},{"surface":"宛て","lemma":"宛てる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 押し","gloss":"rammed"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 宛て","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ぐいぐい","lemma":"ぐいぐい","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 押し","gloss":"hard"},{"surface":"押し","lemma":"押す","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 拍子","gloss":"shoved"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 押し","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"拍子","lemma":"拍子","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of すべっ","gloss":"moment"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 拍子","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"勘太郎","lemma":"勘太郎","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 頭","gloss":"Kantarō's"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 勘太郎","gloss":"(poss.)"},{"surface":"頭","lemma":"頭","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of すべっ","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 頭","gloss":"(subj.)"},{"surface":"すべっ","lemma":"すべる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on はいっ","gloss":"slipped"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of すべっ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 袷","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"(poss.)"},{"surface":"袷","lemma":"袷","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 袖","gloss":"lined kimono"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 袷","gloss":"(poss.)"},{"surface":"袖","lemma":"袖","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 中","gloss":"sleeve"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 袖","gloss":"(poss.)"},{"surface":"中","lemma":"中","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of はいっ","gloss":"inside"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 中","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"はいっ","lemma":"はいる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"ended up"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of はいっ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":25,"label":"","id":"ch01-p3-s12","source":"邪魔になって手が使えぬから、無暗に手を振ったら、袖の中にある勘太郎の頭が、右左へぐらぐら靡いた。","translation":"With my arm trapped and useless, I flailed it wildly, and Kantarō's head, stuck inside the sleeve, wobbled from side to side.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p3-s12.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"邪魔","lemma":"邪魔","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of なっ","gloss":"in the way"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 邪魔","gloss":"(adv. marker)"},{"surface":"なっ","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 使え","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of なっ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"手","lemma":"手","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 使え","gloss":"my arm"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 手","gloss":"(subj.)"},{"surface":"使え","lemma":"使える","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 振っ","gloss":"could use"},{"surface":"ぬ","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 使え","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 使え","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"無暗","lemma":"無暗","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 振っ","gloss":"wildly"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"adverbializing particle on 無暗","gloss":"(adv. marker)"},{"surface":"手","lemma":"手","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 振っ","gloss":"it (my arm)"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 手","gloss":"(obj.)"},{"surface":"振っ","lemma":"振る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 靡い","gloss":"flailed"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 振っ","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"袖","lemma":"袖","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 中","gloss":"sleeve"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 袖","gloss":"(poss.)"},{"surface":"中","lemma":"中","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of ある","gloss":"inside"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 中","gloss":"(loc.)"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 頭","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"勘太郎","lemma":"勘太郎","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 頭","gloss":"Kantarō's"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 勘太郎","gloss":"(poss.)"},{"surface":"頭","lemma":"頭","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 靡い","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 頭","gloss":"(subj.)"},{"surface":"右左","lemma":"右左","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 靡い","gloss":"side to side"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 右左","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"ぐらぐら","lemma":"ぐらぐら","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 靡い","gloss":"unsteadily"},{"surface":"靡い","lemma":"靡く","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"wobbled"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 靡い","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":26,"label":"","id":"ch01-p3-s13","source":"しまいに苦しがって袖の中から、おれの二の腕へ食い付いた。","translation":"In the end, in his distress, he bit my upper arm right through the sleeve.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p3-s13.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"しまい","lemma":"しまい","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 苦し","gloss":"the end"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking しまい","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"苦し","lemma":"苦しい","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 食い","gloss":"pained"},{"surface":"がっ","lemma":"がる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"attaches to 苦し, shows outward sign","gloss":"acting"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 苦し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"袖","lemma":"袖","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 中","gloss":"sleeve"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 袖","gloss":"(poss.)"},{"surface":"中","lemma":"中","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 食い","gloss":"inside"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 中","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 二の腕","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"(poss.)"},{"surface":"二の腕","lemma":"二の腕","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 食い","gloss":"upper arm"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 二の腕","gloss":"onto"},{"surface":"食い","lemma":"食う","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with 付い","gloss":"bit"},{"surface":"付い","lemma":"付く","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 付い","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":27,"label":"","id":"ch01-p3-s14","source":"痛かったから勘太郎を垣根へ押しつけておいて、足搦をかけて向うへ倒してやった。","translation":"It hurt, so I shoved him against the fence, hooked my leg around his, and threw him down on the other side.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p3-s14.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"痛かっ","lemma":"痛い","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 押し","gloss":"hurt"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 痛かっ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 痛かっ","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"勘太郎","lemma":"勘太郎","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 押し","gloss":"Kantarō"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 勘太郎","gloss":"(obj.)"},{"surface":"垣根","lemma":"垣根","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 押し","gloss":"fence"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 垣根","gloss":"against"},{"surface":"押し","lemma":"押す","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on やっ","gloss":"shoved"},{"surface":"つけ","lemma":"つける","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with 押し","gloss":"pinned"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of つけ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"おい","lemma":"おく","morphology":"verb","role":"auxiliary of つけて (leaving as done)","gloss":"left him"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of おい","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"足搦","lemma":"足搦","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of かけ","gloss":"leg hook"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 足搦","gloss":"(obj.)"},{"surface":"かけ","lemma":"かける","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 倒し","gloss":"hooked"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of かけ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"向う","lemma":"向う","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 倒し","gloss":"the other side"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 向う","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"倒し","lemma":"倒す","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on やっ","gloss":"threw down"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 倒し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"やっ","lemma":"やる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"did (to him)"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of やっ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":28,"label":"","id":"ch01-p3-s15","source":"山城屋の地面は菜園より六尺がた低い。","translation":"The ground on the Yamashiroya side was a good six feet lower than our vegetable patch.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p3-s15.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"山城屋","lemma":"山城屋","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies 地面","gloss":"Yamashiroya's"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 山城屋","gloss":"(poss.)"},{"surface":"地面","lemma":"地面","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 低い","gloss":"ground"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 地面","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"菜園","lemma":"菜園","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of がた","gloss":"the vegetable patch"},{"surface":"より","lemma":"より","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 菜園","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"六","lemma":"六","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 尺","gloss":"six"},{"surface":"尺","lemma":"尺","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of がた","gloss":"feet"},{"surface":"がた","lemma":"がた","morphology":"suffix","role":"approximation suffix on 六尺","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"低い","lemma":"低い","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"lower"}]},{"number":29,"label":"","id":"ch01-p3-s16","source":"勘太郎は四つ目垣を半分崩して、自分の領分へ真逆様に落ちて、ぐうと云った。","translation":"Kantarō knocked half the lattice fence down and fell headfirst back into his own territory, letting out a groan.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p3-s16.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"勘太郎","lemma":"勘太郎","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 云っ","gloss":"Kantarō"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 勘太郎","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"四つ目","lemma":"四つ目","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 垣","gloss":"lattice"},{"surface":"垣","lemma":"垣","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 崩し","gloss":"fence"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 垣","gloss":"(obj.)"},{"surface":"半分","lemma":"半分","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 崩し","gloss":"half"},{"surface":"崩し","lemma":"崩す","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 落ち","gloss":"knocked down"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 崩し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"自分","lemma":"自分","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 領分","gloss":"his own"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 自分","gloss":"(poss.)"},{"surface":"領分","lemma":"領分","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 落ち","gloss":"territory"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 領分","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"真","lemma":"真","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 逆様","gloss":"straight"},{"surface":"逆様","lemma":"逆様","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 落ち","gloss":"headfirst"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"adverbializing particle on 逆様","gloss":"(adv. marker)"},{"surface":"落ち","lemma":"落ちる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 云っ","gloss":"fell"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 落ち","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ぐう","lemma":"ぐう","morphology":"interjection","role":"oblique complement of 云っ","gloss":"groan"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"quotative particle marking ぐう","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"言う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"let out"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云っ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":30,"label":"","id":"ch01-p3-s17","source":"勘太郎が落ちるときに、おれの袷の片袖がもげて、急に手が自由になった。","translation":"As Kantarō fell, one sleeve of my kimono tore clean off, and my arm was suddenly free.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p3-s17.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"勘太郎","lemma":"勘太郎","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 落ちる","gloss":"Kantarō"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 勘太郎","gloss":"(subj.)"},{"surface":"落ちる","lemma":"落ちる","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying とき","gloss":"fell"},{"surface":"とき","lemma":"とき","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of もげ","gloss":"moment"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking とき","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 袷","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"(poss.)"},{"surface":"袷","lemma":"袷","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 片袖","gloss":"kimono"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 袷","gloss":"(poss.)"},{"surface":"片袖","lemma":"片袖","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of もげ","gloss":"one sleeve"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 片袖","gloss":"(subj.)"},{"surface":"もげ","lemma":"もげる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on なっ","gloss":"tore off"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of もげ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"急","lemma":"急","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on なっ","gloss":"suddenly"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"adverbializing particle on 急","gloss":"(adv. marker)"},{"surface":"手","lemma":"手","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 自由","gloss":"my arm"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 手","gloss":"(subj.)"},{"surface":"自由","lemma":"自由","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on なっ","gloss":"free"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"adverbializing particle on 自由","gloss":"(adv. marker)"},{"surface":"なっ","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なっ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":31,"label":"","id":"ch01-p3-s18","source":"その晩母が山城屋に詫びに行ったついでに袷の片袖も取り返して来た。","translation":"That night my mother went to Yamashiroya to apologize, and while she was at it, brought the torn-off sleeve back home.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p3-s18.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"その","lemma":"その","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 晩","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"晩","lemma":"晩","morphology":"noun","role":"temporal adjunct of 行っ","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"母","lemma":"母","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 行っ","gloss":"my mother"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 母","gloss":"(subj.)"},{"surface":"山城屋","lemma":"山城屋","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of 行っ","gloss":"Yamashiroya"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 山城屋","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"詫び","lemma":"詫び","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 行っ","gloss":"apology"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 詫び","gloss":"(purpose)"},{"surface":"行っ","lemma":"行く","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying ついで","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 行っ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"ついで","lemma":"ついで","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 返し","gloss":"the occasion"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ついで","gloss":"(adv. marker)"},{"surface":"袷","lemma":"袷","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 片袖","gloss":"kimono"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 袷","gloss":"(poss.)"},{"surface":"片袖","lemma":"片袖","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 取り返し","gloss":"the torn-off sleeve"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 片袖","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"取り","lemma":"取る","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with 返し","gloss":"took"},{"surface":"返し","lemma":"返す","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 返し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"来","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"auxiliary of 返して (came back with it)","gloss":"brought"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 来","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":32,"label":"4","id":"ch01-p4-s1","source":"この外いたずらは大分やった。","translation":"Besides that I got up to plenty of other mischief.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p4-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 外","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"外","lemma":"外","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of やっ","gloss":"besides"},{"surface":"いたずら","lemma":"いたずら","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of やっ","gloss":"mischief"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking いたずら","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"大分","lemma":"大分","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies やっ","gloss":"quite a lot"},{"surface":"やっ","lemma":"やる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of やっ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":33,"label":"","id":"ch01-p4-s2","source":"大工の兼公と肴屋の角をつれて、茂作の人参畠をあらした事がある。","translation":"Once I took Kanekō the carpenter's boy and Kaku the fishmonger's boy along and trampled Mosaku's carrot field.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p4-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"大工","lemma":"大工","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 公","gloss":"the carpenter's"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 大工","gloss":"(poss.)"},{"surface":"兼","lemma":"兼","morphology":"proper noun","role":"compound with 公","gloss":"Kane"},{"surface":"公","lemma":"公","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 兼","gloss":"-kō"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 公","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"肴屋","lemma":"肴屋","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 角","gloss":"the fishmonger's"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 肴屋","gloss":"(poss.)"},{"surface":"角","lemma":"角","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of つれ","gloss":"Kaku"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 角","gloss":"(obj.)"},{"surface":"つれ","lemma":"つれる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on あらし","gloss":"took along"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of つれ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"茂作","lemma":"茂作","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies 畠","gloss":"Mosaku's"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 茂作","gloss":"(poss.)"},{"surface":"人参","lemma":"人参","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 畠","gloss":"carrot"},{"surface":"畠","lemma":"畠","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of あらし","gloss":"field"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 畠","gloss":"(obj.)"},{"surface":"あらし","lemma":"あらす","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 事","gloss":"trampled"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of あらし","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ある","gloss":"an incident"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 事","gloss":"(subj.)"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"there was"}]},{"number":34,"label":"","id":"ch01-p4-s3","source":"人参の芽が出揃わぬ処へ藁が一面に敷いてあったから、その上で三人が半日相撲をとりつづけに取ったら、人参がみんな踏みつぶされてしまった。","translation":"The carrot shoots hadn't fully come up yet, and straw had been spread over the whole plot, so the three of us wrestled on top of it for half a day straight, and every last carrot got trampled flat.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p4-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"踏みつぶされてしまった","title":"Passive + てしまう","body":"れる/られる marks the passive ('the carrots were trampled'), and てしまう (here past: しまった) adds a nuance of an unwanted, irreversible completion — together, 'the carrots all ended up getting trampled flat', with a rueful finality."}],"words":[{"surface":"人参","lemma":"人参","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 芽","gloss":"carrot"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 人参","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"芽","lemma":"芽","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 出","gloss":"shoots"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 芽","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"出","lemma":"出る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 処","gloss":"come out"},{"surface":"揃わ","lemma":"揃う","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 処","gloss":"all together"},{"surface":"ぬ","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 揃わ","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"処","lemma":"処","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 敷い","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 処","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"藁","lemma":"藁","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 敷い","gloss":"straw"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 藁","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"一面","lemma":"一面","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 敷い","gloss":"all over"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 一面","gloss":"across"},{"surface":"敷い","lemma":"敷く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 取っ","gloss":"had spread"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 敷い","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"あっ","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"(state)"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 敷い","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 敷い","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"その","lemma":"その","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 上","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"上","lemma":"上","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 取っ","gloss":"top"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 上","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"三","lemma":"三","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 人","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"人","lemma":"人","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 取っ","gloss":"of us"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 人","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"半日","lemma":"半日","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies とり","gloss":"half a day"},{"surface":"相撲","lemma":"相撲","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of とり","gloss":"sumo"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 相撲","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"とり","lemma":"とる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 取っ","gloss":"wrestled"},{"surface":"つづけ","lemma":"つづける","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on とり","gloss":"kept on"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking とり","gloss":"continuously"},{"surface":"取っ","lemma":"取る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 踏み","gloss":"wrestled"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 取っ","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"人参","lemma":"人参","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 踏み","gloss":"carrots"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 人参","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"みんな","lemma":"みんな","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 踏み","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"踏み","lemma":"踏む","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on つぶさ","gloss":"trampled"},{"surface":"つぶさ","lemma":"つぶす","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"crushed"},{"surface":"れ","lemma":"れる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of つぶさ","gloss":"(passive)"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of つぶさ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"しまっ","lemma":"しまう","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"ended up"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of つぶさ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":35,"label":"","id":"ch01-p4-s4","source":"古川の持っている田圃の井戸を埋めて尻を持ち込まれた事もある。","translation":"There was also the time I filled in the well in Furukawa's rice paddy and got hauled over the coals for it.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p4-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"古川","lemma":"古川","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies 田圃 (via 持っている)","gloss":"Furukawa"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 古川","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"持っ","lemma":"持つ","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 田圃","gloss":"owns"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 持っ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"いる","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"(ongoing)"},{"surface":"田圃","lemma":"田圃","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 井戸","gloss":"rice paddy"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 田圃","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"井戸","lemma":"井戸","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 埋め","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 井戸","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"埋め","lemma":"埋める","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 持ち","gloss":"filled in"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 埋め","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"尻","lemma":"尻","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 持ち","gloss":"blame","note":"idiom 尻を持ち込まれる, literally 'have one's backside brought in,' means to get saddled with the consequences."},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 尻","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"持ち","lemma":"持つ","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 事","gloss":"brought"},{"surface":"込ま","lemma":"込む","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 事","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"れ","lemma":"れる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 込ま","gloss":"(passive)"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 込ま","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"occasion"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase 事","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with 事","gloss":"there was"}]},{"number":36,"label":"","id":"ch01-p4-s5","source":"太い孟宗の節を抜いて、深く埋めた中から水が湧き出て、そこいらの稲にみずがかかる仕掛であった。","translation":"He'd hollowed out a thick moso-bamboo pipe and buried it deep, so that water welled up out of it and watered the rice all around.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p4-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"太い","lemma":"太い","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 孟宗","gloss":"thick"},{"surface":"孟宗","lemma":"孟宗","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 節","gloss":"moso bamboo"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 孟宗","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"節","lemma":"節","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 抜い","gloss":"joint"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 節","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"抜い","lemma":"抜く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 埋め","gloss":"hollowed out"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 抜い","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"深く","lemma":"深い","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 埋め","gloss":"deep"},{"surface":"埋め","lemma":"埋める","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 中","gloss":"buried"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 埋め","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"中","lemma":"中","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 出","gloss":"inside"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 中","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"水","lemma":"水","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 出","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 水","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"湧き","lemma":"湧く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 出","gloss":"welled up"},{"surface":"出","lemma":"出る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on かかる","gloss":"came out"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 出","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"そこ","lemma":"そこ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies いら","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"いら","lemma":"いら","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 稲","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking いら","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"稲","lemma":"稲","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of かかる","gloss":"rice"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 稲","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"みず","lemma":"みず","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of かかる","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking みず","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"かかる","lemma":"かかる","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 仕掛","gloss":"falls on"},{"surface":"仕掛","lemma":"仕掛","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"contraption"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 仕掛","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"あっ","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"(was)"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 仕掛","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":37,"label":"","id":"ch01-p4-s6","source":"その時分はどんな仕掛か知らぬから、石や棒ちぎれをぎゅうぎゅう井戸の中へ挿し込んで、水が出なくなったのを見届けて、うちへ帰って飯を食っていたら、古川が真赤になって怒鳴り込んで来た。","translation":"Back then I had no idea what the contraption was for, so I jammed stones and broken sticks tight into the hole, made sure the water had stopped, and went home to eat — and while I was eating, Furukawa came storming in, red in the face.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p4-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"その","lemma":"その","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 時分","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"時分","lemma":"時分","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 知ら","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時分","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"どんな","lemma":"どんな","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 仕掛","gloss":"what kind of"},{"surface":"仕掛","lemma":"仕掛","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 知ら","gloss":"contraption"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 仕掛","gloss":"(question)"},{"surface":"知ら","lemma":"知る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 挿し","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"ぬ","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 知ら","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 知ら","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"石","lemma":"石","morphology":"noun","role":"coordinate object with 棒ちぎれ, of 挿し","gloss":"stones"},{"surface":"や","lemma":"や","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 石","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"棒ちぎれ","lemma":"棒ちぎれ","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 挿し","gloss":"broken sticks"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 棒ちぎれ","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"ぎゅうぎゅう","lemma":"ぎゅうぎゅう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 挿し","gloss":"tightly"},{"surface":"井戸","lemma":"井戸","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 中","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 井戸","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"中","lemma":"中","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 挿し","gloss":"inside"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 中","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"挿し","lemma":"挿す","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 見","gloss":"jammed"},{"surface":"込ん","lemma":"込む","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with 挿し","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 込ん","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"水","lemma":"水","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 出","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 水","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"出","lemma":"出る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on なっ","gloss":"come out"},{"surface":"なく","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"なっ","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 見","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なっ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of なっ","gloss":"(nominalizer)"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking なっ","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"見","lemma":"見る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 帰っ","gloss":"watched"},{"surface":"届け","lemma":"届ける","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 帰っ","gloss":"confirmed"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 届け","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"うち","lemma":"うち","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 帰っ","gloss":"home"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking うち","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"帰っ","lemma":"帰る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 食っ","gloss":"went back"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 帰っ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"飯","lemma":"飯","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 食っ","gloss":"meal"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 飯","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"食っ","lemma":"食う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 込ん","gloss":"was eating"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 食っ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"(ongoing)"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 食っ","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"古川","lemma":"古川","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of なっ","gloss":"Furukawa"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 古川","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"真赤","lemma":"真赤","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on なっ","gloss":"red"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 真赤","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"なっ","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 込ん","gloss":"turned"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of なっ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"怒鳴り","lemma":"怒鳴る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 込ん","gloss":"shouted"},{"surface":"込ん","lemma":"込む","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"burst in"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 込ん","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"来","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 込ん","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":38,"label":"","id":"ch01-p4-s7","source":"たしか罰金を出して済んだようである。","translation":"As I recall, it was settled with a fine of some kind.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p4-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"たしか","lemma":"たしか","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 出し","gloss":"I believe"},{"surface":"罰金","lemma":"罰金","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 出し","gloss":"fine"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 罰金","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"出し","lemma":"出す","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 済ん","gloss":"paid"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 出し","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"済ん","lemma":"済む","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"settled"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 済ん","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"よう","lemma":"よう","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 済ん","gloss":"seems"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 済ん","gloss":"(that)"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":39,"label":"5","id":"ch01-p5-s1","source":"おやじはちっともおれを可愛がってくれなかった。","translation":"My father never doted on me in the slightest.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p5-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おやじ","lemma":"おやじ","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 可愛","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おやじ","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"ちっとも","lemma":"ちっとも","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 可愛","gloss":"not at all"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 可愛","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"可愛","lemma":"可愛がる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"doted"},{"surface":"がっ","lemma":"がる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"compound with 可愛","gloss":"(verb-forming)"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 可愛","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"くれ","lemma":"くれる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"for me"},{"surface":"なかっ","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 可愛","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 可愛","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":40,"label":"","id":"ch01-p5-s2","source":"母は兄ばかり贔屓にしていた。","translation":"My mother favored only my older brother.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p5-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"母","lemma":"母","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of し","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 母","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"兄","lemma":"兄","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of し","gloss":"older brother"},{"surface":"ばかり","lemma":"ばかり","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 兄","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"贔屓","lemma":"贔屓","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of し","gloss":"favoritism"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 贔屓","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"favored"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of し","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"(ongoing)"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of し","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":41,"label":"","id":"ch01-p5-s3","source":"この兄はやに色が白くって、芝居の真似をして女形になるのが好きだった。","translation":"This brother of mine had unusually pale skin and loved play-acting female roles from the theater.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p5-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"女形","title":"「女形」","body":"「女形」 おやま (oyama), also read おんながた (onnagata) — the male actor who plays female roles in kabuki. Botchan's brother's taste for it marks him, in Botchan's eyes, as soft and unmanly."}],"words":[{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 兄","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"兄","lemma":"兄","morphology":"noun","role":"topic of the sentence","gloss":"brother"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 兄","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"や","lemma":"や","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the adverb やに","gloss":"(intensifier)"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the adverb やに, modifies 白く","gloss":"unusually"},{"surface":"色","lemma":"色","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 白く","gloss":"complexion"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 色","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"白く","lemma":"白い","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 好き","gloss":"was pale"},{"surface":"って","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 白く","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"芝居","lemma":"芝居","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 真似","gloss":"theater"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 芝居","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"真似","lemma":"真似","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of し","gloss":"imitation"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 真似","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on なる","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of し","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"女形","lemma":"女形","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of なる","gloss":"female role"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 女形","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"なる","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"depends on 好き","gloss":"becoming"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of なる","gloss":"(nominalizer)"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking なる","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"好き","lemma":"好き","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"fond of"},{"surface":"だっ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 好き","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 好き","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":42,"label":"","id":"ch01-p5-s4","source":"おれを見る度にこいつはどうせ碌なものにはならないと、おやじが云った。","translation":"Every time he looked at me, my father would say this one will never amount to anything.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p5-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 見る","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"見る","lemma":"見る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 度","gloss":"looked at"},{"surface":"度","lemma":"度","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 云っ","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 度","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"こいつ","lemma":"こいつ","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of なら","gloss":"this one"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking こいつ","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"どうせ","lemma":"どうせ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 碌な","gloss":"anyway"},{"surface":"碌な","lemma":"碌な","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"good (for anything)"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of なら","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もの","gloss":"(predicate)"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もの","gloss":"(emphasis)"},{"surface":"なら","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 云っ","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なら","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of なら","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"おやじ","lemma":"おやじ","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 云っ","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おやじ","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云っ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":43,"label":"","id":"ch01-p5-s5","source":"乱暴で乱暴で行く先が案じられると母が云った。","translation":"So wild, so wild, I worry what will become of him, my mother would say.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p5-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"乱暴","lemma":"乱暴","morphology":"na-adjective stem","role":"first of doubled 乱暴, modifies 案じ","gloss":"reckless"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"makes 乱暴 (w1) adverbial","gloss":"being"},{"surface":"乱暴","lemma":"乱暴","morphology":"na-adjective stem","role":"second of doubled 乱暴, modifies 案じ","gloss":"reckless"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"makes 乱暴 (w3) adverbial","gloss":"being"},{"surface":"行く先","lemma":"行く先","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 案じ","gloss":"future"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 行く先","gloss":"(subject marker)"},{"surface":"案じ","lemma":"案ずる","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 云っ","gloss":"worry about"},{"surface":"られる","lemma":"られる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 案じ","gloss":"(passive)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"quotation particle marking 案じられる","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"母","lemma":"母","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 云っ","gloss":"my mother"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 母","gloss":"(subject marker)"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"would say"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云っ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":44,"label":"","id":"ch01-p5-s6","source":"なるほど碌なものにはならない。","translation":"Sure enough, I haven't amounted to anything.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p5-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"なるほど","lemma":"なるほど","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies なら","gloss":"sure enough"},{"surface":"碌な","lemma":"碌だ","morphology":"na-adjective","role":"modifies もの","gloss":"decent"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"complement of なら","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もの","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もの","gloss":"(emphasis)"},{"surface":"なら","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なら","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":45,"label":"","id":"ch01-p5-s7","source":"ご覧の通りの始末である。","translation":"Just look at the state I'm in now.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p5-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ご覧","lemma":"ご覧","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 通り","gloss":"you see"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ご覧","gloss":"(of)"},{"surface":"通り","lemma":"通り","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 始末","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 通り","gloss":"(of)"},{"surface":"始末","lemma":"始末","morphology":"noun","role":"predicate noun, complement of で ある","gloss":"state"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 始末","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"(formal)"}]},{"number":46,"label":"","id":"ch01-p5-s8","source":"行く先が案じられたのも無理はない。","translation":"No wonder she worried about what would become of me.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p5-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"行く先","lemma":"行く先","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 案じ","gloss":"future"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 行く先","gloss":"(subject marker)"},{"surface":"案じ","lemma":"案ずる","morphology":"verb","role":"clause nominalized by の, subject of ない","gloss":"worried about"},{"surface":"られ","lemma":"られる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 案じ","gloss":"(passive)"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 案じ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"nominalizes 案じられた, subject of ない","gloss":"the fact that"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking の","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"無理","lemma":"無理","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ない","gloss":"unreasonable"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 無理","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"there is no"}]},{"number":47,"label":"","id":"ch01-p5-s9","source":"ただ懲役に行かないで生きているばかりである。","translation":"About the only thing I've managed is to stay out of prison.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p5-s9.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ただ","lemma":"ただ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 生き","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"懲役","lemma":"懲役","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 行か","gloss":"prison"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 懲役","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"行か","lemma":"行く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 生き","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 行か","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 行か","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"生き","lemma":"生きる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"living"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 生き","gloss":"(continuous)"},{"surface":"いる","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"(is)"},{"surface":"ばかり","lemma":"ばかり","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 生き","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to ばかり","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"(formal)"}]},{"number":48,"label":"6","id":"ch01-p6-s1","source":"母が病気で死ぬ二三日前台所で宙返りをしてへっついの角で肋骨を撲って大いに痛かった。","translation":"Two or three days before my mother died of her illness, I turned a somersault in the kitchen and struck my ribs on the corner of the stove, which hurt terribly.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p6-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"母","lemma":"母","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 死ぬ","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 母","gloss":"(subject marker)"},{"surface":"病気","lemma":"病気","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 死ぬ","gloss":"illness"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 病気","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"死ぬ","lemma":"死ぬ","morphology":"verb","role":"modifies 前","gloss":"died"},{"surface":"二三","lemma":"二三","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 日","gloss":"two or three"},{"surface":"日","lemma":"日","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 前","gloss":"days"},{"surface":"前","lemma":"前","morphology":"noun","role":"temporal adverbial on し","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"台所","lemma":"台所","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of し","gloss":"kitchen"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 台所","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"宙返り","lemma":"宙返り","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of し","gloss":"somersault"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 宙返り","gloss":"(object marker)"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 撲っ","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of し","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"へっつい","lemma":"へっつい","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 角","gloss":"stove"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking へっつい","gloss":"(of)"},{"surface":"角","lemma":"角","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 撲っ","gloss":"corner"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 角","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"肋骨","lemma":"肋骨","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 撲っ","gloss":"ribs"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 肋骨","gloss":"(object marker)"},{"surface":"撲っ","lemma":"撲る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 痛かっ","gloss":"struck"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 撲っ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"大いに","lemma":"大いに","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 痛かっ","gloss":"greatly"},{"surface":"痛かっ","lemma":"痛い","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"hurt"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 痛かっ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":49,"label":"","id":"ch01-p6-s2","source":"母が大層怒って、お前のようなものの顔は見たくないと云うから、親類へ泊りに行っていた。","translation":"My mother was furious and said she never wanted to see my face again, so I went and stayed over at a relative's house.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p6-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"母","lemma":"母","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 怒っ","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 母","gloss":"(subject marker)"},{"surface":"大層","lemma":"大層","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 怒っ","gloss":"greatly"},{"surface":"怒っ","lemma":"怒る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 云う","gloss":"got angry"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 怒っ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"お前","lemma":"お前","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies よう","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking お前","gloss":"(possessive)"},{"surface":"よう","lemma":"よう","morphology":"noun","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to よう","gloss":"(is)"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 顔","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もの","gloss":"(possessive)"},{"surface":"顔","lemma":"顔","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 見","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 顔","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"見","lemma":"見る","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 云う","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"たく","lemma":"たい","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 見","gloss":"want to"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"clausal complement of 云う","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ない","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 行っ","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 云う","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"親類","lemma":"親類","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 行っ","gloss":"relative's"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 親類","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"泊り","lemma":"泊る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 行っ","gloss":"stay"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 泊り","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"行っ","lemma":"行く","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 行っ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"(was)"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 行っ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":50,"label":"","id":"ch01-p6-s3","source":"するととうとう死んだと云う報知が来た。","translation":"Then word came that she had finally died.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p6-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"forms すると with と (w2)","gloss":"(that happened)","note":"すると is a fixed idiom, 'and then / at that'; the two tokens are glossed together."},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"head of the phrase, forms すると with する","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"とうとう","lemma":"とうとう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 死ん","gloss":"finally"},{"surface":"死ん","lemma":"死ぬ","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 報知","gloss":"died"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 死ん","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"quotation particle marking 死ん","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase と, modifies 報知","gloss":"saying"},{"surface":"報知","lemma":"報知","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 来","gloss":"news"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 報知","gloss":"(subject marker)"},{"surface":"来","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 来","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":51,"label":"","id":"ch01-p6-s4","source":"そう早く死ぬとは思わなかった。","translation":"I hadn't thought she would die so soon.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p6-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"そう","lemma":"そう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 早く","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"早く","lemma":"早い","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 死ぬ","gloss":"soon"},{"surface":"死ぬ","lemma":"死ぬ","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 思わ","gloss":"would die"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 死ぬ","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 死ぬ","gloss":"(emphasis)"},{"surface":"思わ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"なかっ","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 思わ","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 思わ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":52,"label":"","id":"ch01-p6-s5","source":"そんな大病なら、もう少し大人しくすればよかったと思って帰って来た。","translation":"If it was that serious, I thought, I should have behaved a little better, and went home thinking so.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p6-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"そんな","lemma":"そんな","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 大病","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"大病","lemma":"大病","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on よかっ","gloss":"serious illness"},{"surface":"なら","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 大病","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"もう","lemma":"もう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 少し","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"少し","lemma":"少し","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 大人しく","gloss":"a bit"},{"surface":"大人しく","lemma":"大人しい","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on よかっ","gloss":"well-behaved"},{"surface":"すれ","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"auxiliary of 大人しく","gloss":"(do)"},{"surface":"ば","lemma":"ば","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 大人しく","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"よかっ","lemma":"よい","morphology":"adjective","role":"clausal complement of 思っ","gloss":"would have been better"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of よかっ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking よかっ","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"思っ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 帰っ","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 思っ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"帰っ","lemma":"帰る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"returned"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 帰っ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"来","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 帰っ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":53,"label":"","id":"ch01-p6-s6","source":"そうしたら例の兄がおれを親不孝だ、おれのために、おっかさんが早く死んだんだと云った。","translation":"When I got there, my brother told me I was an undutiful son and that it was because of me our mother had died early.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p6-s6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"親不孝","title":"「親不孝」","body":"「親不孝」 おやふこう (oyafukō) — unfilial, failing one's duty to one's parents. A serious moral charge in Meiji Japan, where filial piety (孝, kō) was a core Confucian value — which is exactly why it stings Botchan enough to make him hit his brother."}],"words":[{"surface":"そう","lemma":"そう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies し","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 云っ","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of し","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"例","lemma":"例","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 兄","gloss":"the usual"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 例","gloss":"(of)"},{"surface":"兄","lemma":"兄","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 云っ","gloss":"brother"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 兄","gloss":"(subject marker)"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of 不孝","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"(object marker)"},{"surface":"親","lemma":"親","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 不孝","gloss":"parent"},{"surface":"不孝","lemma":"不孝","morphology":"noun","role":"clausal complement of 云っ","gloss":"unfilial"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 不孝","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies ため","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"(of)"},{"surface":"ため","lemma":"ため","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 死ん","gloss":"because of"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ため","gloss":"(marker)"},{"surface":"おっ","lemma":"おっかさん","morphology":"noun","role":"first part of おっかさん (mother)","gloss":"mother","note":"おっかさん ('mother') is split into two tokens by the tagger; glossed together."},{"surface":"かさん","lemma":"おっかさん","morphology":"noun","role":"second part of おっかさん, subject of 死ん","gloss":"(mother)"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking かさん","gloss":"(subject marker)"},{"surface":"早く","lemma":"早い","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 死ん","gloss":"early"},{"surface":"死ん","lemma":"死ぬ","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 云っ","gloss":"died"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 死ん","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"ん","lemma":"ん","morphology":"particle","role":"nominalizes 死んだ","gloss":"(explanatory)"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase ん","gloss":"(is)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 死ん","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云っ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":54,"label":"","id":"ch01-p6-s7","source":"口惜しかったから、兄の横っ面を張って大変叱られた。","translation":"That stung, so I slapped him across the face and got scolded terribly for it.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p6-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"口惜しかっ","lemma":"口惜しい","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 叱ら","gloss":"was mortifying"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 口惜しかっ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 口惜しかっ","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"兄","lemma":"兄","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 横っ面","gloss":"brother's"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 兄","gloss":"(of)"},{"surface":"横っ面","lemma":"横っ面","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 張っ","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 横っ面","gloss":"(object marker)"},{"surface":"張っ","lemma":"張る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 叱ら","gloss":"slapped"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 張っ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"大変","lemma":"大変","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 叱ら","gloss":"terribly"},{"surface":"叱ら","lemma":"叱る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"scold"},{"surface":"れ","lemma":"れる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 叱ら","gloss":"(passive)"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 叱ら","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":55,"label":"7","id":"ch01-p7-s1","source":"母が死んでからは、おやじと兄と三人で暮していた。","translation":"After our mother died, the three of us — my father, my brother, and I — lived together.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p7-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"母","lemma":"母","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 死ん","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 母","gloss":"(subject marker)"},{"surface":"死ん","lemma":"死ぬ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 暮し","gloss":"died"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 死ん","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 死ん","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 死ん","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"おやじ","lemma":"おやじ","morphology":"noun","role":"coordinated with 兄 (via と)","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おやじ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"兄","lemma":"兄","morphology":"noun","role":"coordinated with おやじ","gloss":"brother"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 兄","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"三","lemma":"三","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 人","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"人","lemma":"人","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 暮し","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 人","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"暮し","lemma":"暮す","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lived"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 暮し","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"(was)"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 暮し","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":56,"label":"","id":"ch01-p7-s2","source":"おやじは何にもせぬ男で、人の顔さえ見れば貴様は駄目だ駄目だと口癖のように云っていた。","translation":"My father was a man who did nothing at all, and whenever he saw my face, he'd say as if by habit, you're no good, no good.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p7-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"貴様","title":"「貴様」","body":"「貴様」 きさま (kisama) — literally an old honorific for 'you', but by the Meiji era it had flipped into a rough, contemptuous way of addressing someone. Botchan's father uses it on his own son, underscoring how little warmth is in the house."}],"words":[{"surface":"おやじ","lemma":"おやじ","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 云っ","gloss":"my father"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おやじ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"何に","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of せ","gloss":"anything"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何に","gloss":"at all"},{"surface":"せ","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 男","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"ぬ","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of せ","gloss":"not","note":"Classical negative auxiliary, still used for a gruff/old-fashioned tone; equivalent to modern ない."},{"surface":"男","lemma":"男","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 云っ","gloss":"a man"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 男","gloss":"being"},{"surface":"人","lemma":"人","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 顔","gloss":"person"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 人","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"顔","lemma":"顔","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 見れ","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"さえ","lemma":"さえ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 顔","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"見れ","lemma":"見る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 云っ","gloss":"sees"},{"surface":"ば","lemma":"ば","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 見れ","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"貴様","lemma":"貴様","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 駄目","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 貴様","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"駄目","lemma":"駄目","morphology":"adjective","role":"predicate of 貴様","gloss":"no good"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 駄目","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"駄目","lemma":"駄目","morphology":"adjective","role":"repeats 駄目 for emphasis","gloss":"no good"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 駄目","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the quoted clause of 云っ","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"口癖","lemma":"口癖","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies よう","gloss":"habit"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 口癖","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"よう","lemma":"よう","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 云っ","gloss":"as if"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to よう","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"would say"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 云っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云っ","gloss":"was"}]},{"number":57,"label":"","id":"ch01-p7-s3","source":"何が駄目なんだか今に分らない。","translation":"To this day I don't know what exactly was supposed to be no good.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p7-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 駄目","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"駄目","lemma":"駄目","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 分ら","gloss":"no good"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 駄目","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ん","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 駄目","gloss":"that","note":"Colloquial contraction of explanatory の."},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase ん","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 駄目","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"今","lemma":"今","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 分ら","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 今","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"分ら","lemma":"分かる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 分ら","gloss":"don't"}]},{"number":58,"label":"","id":"ch01-p7-s4","source":"妙なおやじがあったもんだ。","translation":"What a strange father to have had.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p7-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"妙","lemma":"妙","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying おやじ","gloss":"strange"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 妙","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"おやじ","lemma":"おやじ","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of あっ","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おやじ","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"あっ","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying もん","gloss":"existed"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of あっ","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"もん","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"thing","note":"Colloquial contraction of もの."},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to もん","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":59,"label":"","id":"ch01-p7-s5","source":"兄は実業家になるとか云ってしきりに英語を勉強していた。","translation":"My brother, saying he meant to become a businessman, studied English constantly.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p7-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"兄","lemma":"兄","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 勉強","gloss":"my brother"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 兄","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"実業","lemma":"実業","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 家","gloss":"business"},{"surface":"家","lemma":"家","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of なる","gloss":"person"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 家","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"なる","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 云っ","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking なる","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking なる","gloss":"or so"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 勉強","gloss":"saying"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 云っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"しきり","lemma":"しきり","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 勉強","gloss":"constantly"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking しきり","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"英語","lemma":"英語","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 勉強","gloss":"English"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 英語","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"勉強","lemma":"勉強","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"study"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 勉強","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 勉強","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 勉強","gloss":"was"}]},{"number":60,"label":"","id":"ch01-p7-s6","source":"元来女のような性分で、ずるいから、仲がよくなかった。","translation":"He had a womanish temperament to begin with, and a sly streak, so the two of us never got along.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p7-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"元来","lemma":"元来","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 性分","gloss":"by nature"},{"surface":"女","lemma":"女","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies よう","gloss":"woman"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 女","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"よう","lemma":"よう","morphology":"noun","role":"clause modifying 性分","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to よう","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"性分","lemma":"性分","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on なかっ","gloss":"temperament"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 性分","gloss":"being"},{"surface":"ずるい","lemma":"ずるい","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on なかっ","gloss":"sly"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ずるい","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"仲","lemma":"仲","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of よく","gloss":"relationship"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 仲","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"よく","lemma":"よい","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on なかっ","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"なかっ","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"main predicate of the sentence","gloss":"was not"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なかっ","gloss":"was"}]},{"number":61,"label":"","id":"ch01-p7-s7","source":"十日に一遍ぐらいの割で喧嘩をしていた。","translation":"We fought about once every ten days.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p7-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"十","lemma":"十","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 日","gloss":"ten"},{"surface":"日","lemma":"日","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of し","gloss":"days"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 日","gloss":"per"},{"surface":"一遍","lemma":"一遍","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 割","gloss":"once"},{"surface":"ぐらい","lemma":"ぐらい","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 一遍","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 一遍","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"割","lemma":"割","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of し","gloss":"rate"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 割","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"喧嘩","lemma":"喧嘩","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of し","gloss":"fight"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 喧嘩","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of し","gloss":"was"}]},{"number":62,"label":"","id":"ch01-p7-s8","source":"ある時将棋をさしたら卑怯な待駒をして、人が困ると嬉しそうに冷やかした。","translation":"Once, playing shogi, he made some cowardly waiting move, and when I got stuck he jeered at me, looking pleased with himself.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p7-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"determiner","role":"modifies 時","gloss":"a certain"},{"surface":"時","lemma":"時","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies さし","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"将棋","lemma":"将棋","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of さし","gloss":"shogi"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 将棋","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"さし","lemma":"さす","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on し","gloss":"played"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of さし","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"卑怯","lemma":"卑怯","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on し","gloss":"cowardly"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 卑怯","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"待","lemma":"待","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 駒","gloss":"waiting"},{"surface":"駒","lemma":"駒","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of し","gloss":"piece"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 駒","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 冷やかし","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"人","lemma":"人","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 困る","gloss":"I","note":"人 here is the narrator speaking of himself, not a third party; translation renders it as \"I\"."},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 人","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"困る","lemma":"困る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 冷やかし","gloss":"get stuck"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 困る","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"嬉し","lemma":"嬉しい","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 冷やかし","gloss":"pleased"},{"surface":"そう","lemma":"そう","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 嬉し","gloss":"looking"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 嬉し","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"冷やかし","lemma":"冷やかす","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"jeered"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 冷やかし","gloss":"-ed"}]},{"number":63,"label":"","id":"ch01-p7-s9","source":"あんまり腹が立ったから、手に在った飛車を眉間へ擲きつけてやった。","translation":"I was so angry I flung the rook I was holding straight at his forehead.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p7-s9.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"眉間","title":"「眉間」","body":"「眉間」 みけん (miken) — the spot between the eyebrows, the forehead. Botchan flings the shogi rook straight at it — a small, vivid, very physical detail of a comically violent household."}],"words":[{"surface":"あんまり","lemma":"あんまり","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 立っ","gloss":"so much"},{"surface":"腹","lemma":"腹","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 立っ","gloss":"temper"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 腹","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"立っ","lemma":"立つ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 擲き","gloss":"flared"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 立っ","gloss":"-ed"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 立っ","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"手","lemma":"手","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 在っ","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 手","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"在っ","lemma":"在る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 飛車","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 在っ","gloss":"-ed"},{"surface":"飛車","lemma":"飛車","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 擲き","gloss":"rook"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 飛車","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"眉間","lemma":"眉間","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 擲き","gloss":"forehead"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 眉間","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"擲き","lemma":"擲く","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"flung"},{"surface":"つけ","lemma":"つける","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 擲き","gloss":"onto"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of つけ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"やっ","lemma":"やる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of やっ","gloss":"-ed"}]},{"number":64,"label":"","id":"ch01-p7-s10","source":"眉間が割れて少々血が出た。","translation":"It split his brow open and drew a little blood.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p7-s10.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"眉間","lemma":"眉間","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 割れ","gloss":"forehead"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 眉間","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"割れ","lemma":"割れる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 出","gloss":"split open"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 割れ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"少々","lemma":"少々","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 出","gloss":"a little"},{"surface":"血","lemma":"血","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 出","gloss":"blood"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 血","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"出","lemma":"出る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"came out"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出","gloss":"-ed"}]},{"number":65,"label":"","id":"ch01-p7-s11","source":"兄がおやじに言付けた。","translation":"My brother went and told our father.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p7-s11.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"兄","lemma":"兄","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 言","gloss":"my brother"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 兄","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"おやじ","lemma":"おやじ","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 言","gloss":"our father"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おやじ","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"言","lemma":"言う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"told"},{"surface":"付け","lemma":"付ける","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 言","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 言","gloss":"-ed"}]},{"number":66,"label":"","id":"ch01-p7-s12","source":"おやじがおれを勘当すると言い出した。","translation":"My father announced he was going to disown me.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p7-s12.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おやじ","lemma":"おやじ","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 勘当","gloss":"my father"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おやじ","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of 勘当","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"勘当","lemma":"勘当","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 言い","gloss":"disown"},{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 勘当","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 勘当","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"言い","lemma":"言う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"出し","lemma":"出す","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 言い","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 言い","gloss":"-ed"}]},{"number":67,"label":"8","id":"ch01-p8-s1","source":"その時はもう仕方がないと観念して先方の云う通り勘当されるつもりでいたら、十年来召し使っている清という下女が、泣きながらおやじに詫まって、ようやくおやじの怒りが解けた。","translation":"By then I'd resigned myself to it and was ready to be disowned just as he said, when Kiyo, the maid who had served us for ten years, tearfully pleaded with my father for me, and at last his anger cooled.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p8-s1.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"勘当されるつもり","title":"Passive れる + つもり","body":"勘当される is the passive of 勘当する ('to disown'): 'to be disowned'. つもり after a verb expresses intention/resignation — 'I was resigned to being disowned', not that it had happened yet."}],"words":[{"surface":"その","lemma":"その","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 時","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"時","lemma":"時","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies つもり","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"もう","lemma":"もう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ない","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"仕方","lemma":"仕方","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ない","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 仕方","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 観念","gloss":"none"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ない","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"観念","lemma":"観念","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on い","gloss":"resigned myself"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 観念","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 観念","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"先方","lemma":"先方","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 云う","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 先方","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"modifies 通り","gloss":"says"},{"surface":"通り","lemma":"通り","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 勘当","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"勘当","lemma":"勘当","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying つもり","gloss":"disowned"},{"surface":"さ","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 勘当","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"れる","lemma":"れる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 勘当","gloss":"-ed"},{"surface":"つもり","lemma":"つもり","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 解け","gloss":"intention"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to つもり","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"being"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of つもり","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"十","lemma":"十","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 来","gloss":"ten"},{"surface":"年","lemma":"年","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 来","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"来","lemma":"来","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 召し","gloss":"for the past"},{"surface":"召し","lemma":"召す","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 使っ","gloss":"engaged"},{"surface":"使っ","lemma":"使う","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 清","gloss":"kept"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 使っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"いる","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"has been"},{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies 下女","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"いう","lemma":"いう","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase と","gloss":"called"},{"surface":"下女","lemma":"下女","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of まっ","gloss":"maid"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 下女","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"泣き","lemma":"泣く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on まっ","gloss":"crying"},{"surface":"ながら","lemma":"ながら","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 泣き","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"おやじ","lemma":"おやじ","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 詫","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おやじ","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"詫","lemma":"詫びる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase まっ","gloss":"pardon"},{"surface":"まっ","lemma":"詫びる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 解け","gloss":"apologized","note":"詫まる is an older/dialectal conjugation of 詫びる (\"to apologize\"); spaCy mistagged the lemma as 待つ (\"to wait\"), an unrelated word."},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of まっ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ようやく","lemma":"ようやく","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 解け","gloss":"finally"},{"surface":"おやじ","lemma":"おやじ","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 怒り","gloss":"father's"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おやじ","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"怒り","lemma":"怒り","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 解け","gloss":"anger"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 怒り","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"解け","lemma":"解ける","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"cooled"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 解け","gloss":"-ed"}]},{"number":68,"label":"","id":"ch01-p8-s2","source":"それにもかかわらずあまりおやじを怖いとは思わなかった。","translation":"Even so, I never really found my father frightening.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p8-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"それ","lemma":"それ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"object of に","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking それ","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking それに","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"かかわら","lemma":"かかわる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 思わ","gloss":"relating"},{"surface":"ず","lemma":"ず","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"negative auxiliary of かかわら","gloss":"without","note":"classical negative ~ず; にもかかわらず as a whole means 'even so, nevertheless'"},{"surface":"あまり","lemma":"あまり","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 思わ","gloss":"not really"},{"surface":"おやじ","lemma":"おやじ","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 怖い","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おやじ","gloss":"(object marker)"},{"surface":"怖い","lemma":"怖い","morphology":"adjective","role":"clausal complement of 思わ","gloss":"frightening"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 怖い","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 怖い","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"思わ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"think"},{"surface":"なかっ","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 思わ","gloss":"did not"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 思わ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":69,"label":"","id":"ch01-p8-s3","source":"かえってこの清と云う下女に気の毒であった。","translation":"If anything, I felt sorry for Kiyo, the maid.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p8-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"かえって","lemma":"かえって","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 気の毒","gloss":"if anything"},{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 清","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of 云う","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 下女","gloss":"called"},{"surface":"下女","lemma":"下女","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 気の毒","gloss":"maid"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 下女","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"気の毒","lemma":"気の毒","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"sorry"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 気の毒","gloss":"(copula)"},{"surface":"あっ","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 気の毒","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":70,"label":"","id":"ch01-p8-s4","source":"この下女はもと由緒のあるものだったそうだが、瓦解のときに零落して、つい奉公までするようになったのだと聞いている。","translation":"I gather this maid had once come from a respectable family, but fell on hard times during the collapse of the old order and ended up in service.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p8-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 下女","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"下女","lemma":"下女","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of もの","gloss":"maid"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 下女","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"もと","lemma":"もと","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 由緒","gloss":"originally"},{"surface":"由緒","lemma":"由緒","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies ある","gloss":"lineage"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 由緒","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 零落","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"だっ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to もの","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of もの","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"そう","lemma":"そう","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of もの","gloss":"apparently"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to もの","gloss":"(hearsay)"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of もの","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"瓦解","lemma":"瓦解","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies とき","gloss":"collapse"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 瓦解","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"とき","lemma":"とき","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 零落","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking とき","gloss":"during"},{"surface":"零落","lemma":"零落","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on なっ","gloss":"fell into poverty"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 零落","gloss":"(verb-forming)"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 零落","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"つい","lemma":"つい","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies する","gloss":"eventually"},{"surface":"奉公","lemma":"奉公","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of する","gloss":"service"},{"surface":"まで","lemma":"まで","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 奉公","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on なっ","gloss":"took up"},{"surface":"よう","lemma":"よう","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of する","gloss":"(way)"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of する","gloss":"(as)"},{"surface":"なっ","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 聞い","gloss":"ended up"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なっ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of なっ","gloss":"(nominalizer)"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase の","gloss":"(is)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking なっ","gloss":"(that)"},{"surface":"聞い","lemma":"聞く","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"hear"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 聞い","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"いる","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"(have)"}]},{"number":71,"label":"","id":"ch01-p8-s5","source":"だから婆さんである。","translation":"So she was already an old woman.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p8-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase から","gloss":"(copula)"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"婆","lemma":"婆","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with さん","gloss":"old woman"},{"surface":"さん","lemma":"さん","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"(honorific)"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to さん","gloss":"(copula)"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"was"}]},{"number":72,"label":"","id":"ch01-p8-s6","source":"この婆さんがどういう因縁か、おれを非常に可愛がってくれた。","translation":"For whatever reason, this old woman doted on me tremendously.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p8-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of さん","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"婆","lemma":"婆","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with さん","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"さん","lemma":"さん","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 可愛","gloss":"woman"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking さん","gloss":"(subject marker)"},{"surface":"どういう","lemma":"どういう","morphology":"determiner","role":"modifies 因縁","gloss":"what kind of"},{"surface":"因縁","lemma":"因縁","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 可愛","gloss":"reason"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 因縁","gloss":"whatever","note":"どういう…か = an unspecified reason, 'for whatever reason'"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of 可愛","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"(object marker)"},{"surface":"非常","lemma":"非常","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 可愛","gloss":"tremendously"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 非常","gloss":"(adverbial)"},{"surface":"可愛","lemma":"可愛い","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"fond"},{"surface":"がっ","lemma":"がる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 可愛","gloss":"doted on"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 可愛","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"くれ","lemma":"くれる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"for me"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 可愛","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":73,"label":"","id":"ch01-p8-s7","source":"不思議なものである。","translation":"It's a strange thing, really.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p8-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"不思議","lemma":"不思議","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"strange"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 不思議","gloss":"(attributive)"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to もの","gloss":"(copula)"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":74,"label":"","id":"ch01-p8-s8","source":"母も死ぬ三日前に愛想をつかした――おやじも年中持て余している――町内では乱暴者の悪太郎と爪弾きをする――このおれを無暗に珍重してくれた。","translation":"Even my mother had given up on me three days before she died — my father was forever at his wit's end with me — the whole neighborhood shunned me as the local troublemaker — and yet this same me, she treasured beyond all reason.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p8-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"母","lemma":"母","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of つかし","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 母","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"死ぬ","lemma":"死ぬ","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 前","gloss":"die"},{"surface":"三","lemma":"三","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 前","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"日","lemma":"日","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 前","gloss":"days"},{"surface":"前","lemma":"前","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of つかし","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 前","gloss":"(time marker)"},{"surface":"愛想","lemma":"愛想","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of つかし","gloss":"affection"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 愛想","gloss":"(object marker)"},{"surface":"つかし","lemma":"つかす","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying ―","gloss":"gave up","note":"idiom 愛想を尽かす = 'to lose patience with, give up on someone in disgust'"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of つかし","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"おやじ","lemma":"おやじ","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 珍重","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おやじ","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"年中","lemma":"年中","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 持て","gloss":"constantly"},{"surface":"持て","lemma":"持て余す","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 余し","gloss":"(compound)"},{"surface":"余し","lemma":"余す","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying ―","gloss":"at his wit's end"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 余し","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"いる","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"(ongoing)"},{"surface":"町","lemma":"町","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 内","gloss":"town"},{"surface":"内","lemma":"内","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of する","gloss":"neighborhood"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 内","gloss":"(location marker)"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 内","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"乱暴","lemma":"乱暴","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 者","gloss":"troublemaking"},{"surface":"者","lemma":"者","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 悪太郎","gloss":"person"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 者","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"悪太郎","lemma":"悪太郎","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of する","gloss":"'Bad Boy'","note":"nickname the neighbors used for the narrator, literally 'bad Tarō'"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 悪太郎","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"爪弾き","lemma":"爪弾き","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of する","gloss":"shunning"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 爪弾き","gloss":"(object marker)"},{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying ―","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of おれ","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of 珍重","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"(object marker)"},{"surface":"無暗","lemma":"無暗","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 珍重","gloss":"excessively"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 無暗","gloss":"(adverbial)"},{"surface":"珍重","lemma":"珍重","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"treasured"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 珍重","gloss":"(verb-forming)"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 珍重","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"くれ","lemma":"くれる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"for me"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 珍重","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":75,"label":"","id":"ch01-p8-s9","source":"おれは到底人に好かれる性でないとあきらめていたから、他人から木の端のように取り扱われるのは何とも思わない、かえってこの清のようにちやほやしてくれるのを不審に考えた。","translation":"I had already resigned myself to being the kind of person nobody could like, so being treated like a piece of scrap wood by others didn't bother me at all — if anything, it was Kiyo fussing over me like this that struck me as odd.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p8-s9.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 性","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"到底","lemma":"到底","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 好か","gloss":"at all"},{"surface":"人","lemma":"人","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 好か","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 人","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"好か","lemma":"好く","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 性","gloss":"liked"},{"surface":"れる","lemma":"れる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 好か","gloss":"(passive)"},{"surface":"性","lemma":"性","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on あきらめ","gloss":"kind"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 性","gloss":"(copula)"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 性","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"あきらめ","lemma":"あきらめる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 思わ","gloss":"resigned myself"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of あきらめ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"(had)"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of あきらめ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of あきらめ","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"他人","lemma":"他人","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 思わ","gloss":"others"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 他人","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"木","lemma":"木","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 端","gloss":"wood"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 木","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"端","lemma":"端","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies よう","gloss":"scrap"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 端","gloss":"(comparison)"},{"surface":"よう","lemma":"よう","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 思わ","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to よう","gloss":"(as)"},{"surface":"取り","lemma":"取り扱う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 思わ","gloss":"(compound)"},{"surface":"扱わ","lemma":"扱う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 思わ","gloss":"treated"},{"surface":"れる","lemma":"れる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 扱わ","gloss":"(passive)"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 扱わ","gloss":"(nominalizer)"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 扱わ","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of 思わ","gloss":"anything"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"思わ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 考え","gloss":"feel"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 思わ","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"かえって","lemma":"かえって","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ちやほや","gloss":"if anything"},{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 清","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies よう","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"よう","lemma":"よう","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on ちやほや","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to よう","gloss":"(as)"},{"surface":"ちやほや","lemma":"ちやほや","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 考え","gloss":"fussing over"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of ちやほや","gloss":"(verb-forming)"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ちやほや","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"くれる","lemma":"くれる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"for me"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ちやほや","gloss":"(nominalizer)"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ちやほや","gloss":"(object marker)"},{"surface":"不審","lemma":"不審","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 考え","gloss":"odd"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 不審","gloss":"(as)"},{"surface":"考え","lemma":"考える","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"struck me"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 考え","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":76,"label":"","id":"ch01-p8-s10","source":"清は時々台所で人の居ない時に「あなたは真っ直でよいご気性だ」と賞める事が時々あった。","translation":"Now and then, in the kitchen when no one else was around, Kiyo would praise me, saying, you have such a straightforward, fine nature.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p8-s10.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ご気性","title":"Honorific prefix ご + noun","body":"ご attached to a Sino-Japanese noun (here 気性, 'temperament') is the honorific prefix used when praising or referring respectfully to someone — Kiyo's speech to Botchan is full of small keigo touches like this, even though he's just a boy in her care."}],"words":[{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of 気性","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"時々","lemma":"時々","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 時","gloss":"sometimes"},{"surface":"台所","lemma":"台所","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 居","gloss":"kitchen"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 台所","gloss":"(location marker)"},{"surface":"人","lemma":"人","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 居","gloss":"anyone"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 人","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"居","lemma":"居る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 時","gloss":"was around"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 居","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"時","lemma":"時","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 気性","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"あなた","lemma":"あなた","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 真っ直","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking あなた","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"真っ直","lemma":"真っ直","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 気性","gloss":"straightforward"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 真っ直","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"よい","lemma":"よい","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"fine"},{"surface":"ご","lemma":"ご","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 気性","gloss":"(honorific)"},{"surface":"気性","lemma":"気性","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 賞める","gloss":"nature"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 気性","gloss":"(is)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 気性","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"賞める","lemma":"賞める","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 事","gloss":"praise"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 時々","gloss":"occasion"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 事","gloss":"(subject marker)"},{"surface":"時々","lemma":"時々","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies あっ","gloss":"sometimes"},{"surface":"あっ","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 時々","gloss":"there were"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 時々","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":77,"label":"","id":"ch01-p8-s11","source":"しかしおれには清の云う意味が分からなかった。","translation":"But I couldn't make sense of what she meant by it.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p8-s11.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"しかし","lemma":"しかし","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of 分から","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies 意味","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 意味","gloss":"meant"},{"surface":"意味","lemma":"意味","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 分から","gloss":"meaning"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 意味","gloss":"(subject marker)"},{"surface":"分から","lemma":"分かる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"なかっ","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 分から","gloss":"did not"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 分から","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":78,"label":"","id":"ch01-p8-s12","source":"好い気性なら清以外のものも、もう少し善くしてくれるだろうと思った。","translation":"If I really had a fine nature, I thought, people besides Kiyo would surely treat me a little better too.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p8-s12.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"好い","lemma":"好い","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies 気性","gloss":"fine"},{"surface":"気性","lemma":"気性","morphology":"noun","role":"predicate complement of なら","gloss":"nature"},{"surface":"なら","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"conditional copula, links to 気性","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"compound with 以外","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"以外","lemma":"以外","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies もの","gloss":"besides"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"attributive particle marking 以外","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of し","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もの","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"もう","lemma":"もう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 少し","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"少し","lemma":"少し","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 善く","gloss":"a bit"},{"surface":"善く","lemma":"善い","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies し","gloss":"better"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 思っ","gloss":"treat"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces くれる","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"くれる","lemma":"くれる","morphology":"verb","role":"benefactive auxiliary of し","gloss":"for me"},{"surface":"だろう","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of し","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"marks the quoted clause","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"思っ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 思っ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":79,"label":"","id":"ch01-p8-s13","source":"清がこんな事を云う度におれはお世辞は嫌いだと答えるのが常であった。","translation":"Whenever Kiyo said things like this, I would always answer that I hated flattery.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p8-s13.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of 云う","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"こんな","lemma":"こんな","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 事","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 云う","gloss":"things"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 事","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 度","gloss":"says"},{"surface":"度","lemma":"度","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial, modifies 答える","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"completes 度に, 'whenever'","gloss":"whenever"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 答える","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"お","lemma":"お","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 世辞","gloss":"(honorific)"},{"surface":"世辞","lemma":"世辞","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 嫌い","gloss":"flattery"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 世辞","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"嫌い","lemma":"嫌い","morphology":"noun","role":"predicate of the quoted clause","gloss":"hate"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 嫌い","gloss":"(copula)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"marks the quoted clause","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"答える","lemma":"答える","morphology":"verb","role":"nominalized by の, subject of 常","gloss":"answering"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"nominalizes 答える","gloss":"(nominalizer)"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 答える","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"常","lemma":"常","morphology":"noun","role":"predicate, head of the phrase","gloss":"usual"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 常","gloss":"(copula)"},{"surface":"あっ","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 常","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":80,"label":"","id":"ch01-p8-s14","source":"すると婆さんはそれだから好いご気性ですと云っては、嬉しそうにおれの顔を眺めている。","translation":"To which the old woman would say, that's exactly why you have such a fine nature, and gaze happily at my face.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p8-s14.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"with と, forms すると 'then'","gloss":"(so)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"particle marking する","gloss":"(then)"},{"surface":"婆","lemma":"婆","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with さん","gloss":"old woman"},{"surface":"さん","lemma":"さん","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 眺め","gloss":"(honorific)"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking さん","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"それ","lemma":"それ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"topic of quoted clause, complement of だ","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to それ","gloss":"(copula)"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the reason clause","gloss":"that's why","note":"それだから = 'that is exactly why'."},{"surface":"好い","lemma":"好い","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 気性","gloss":"fine"},{"surface":"ご","lemma":"ご","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 気性","gloss":"(honorific)"},{"surface":"気性","lemma":"気性","morphology":"noun","role":"predicate complement of です","gloss":"nature"},{"surface":"です","lemma":"です","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 気性","gloss":"(copula)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"marks the quoted clause","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 眺め","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces は","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 云っ","gloss":"(emphatic)","note":"云っては with て...は marks 'whenever she said'."},{"surface":"嬉し","lemma":"嬉しい","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 眺め","gloss":"happy"},{"surface":"そう","lemma":"そう","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 嬉し","gloss":"seeming"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 嬉し","gloss":"(adverbial)"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 顔","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"顔","lemma":"顔","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 眺め","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 顔","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"眺め","lemma":"眺める","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"gazes at"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces いる","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"いる","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"(continuous)"}]},{"number":81,"label":"","id":"ch01-p8-s15","source":"自分の力でおれを製造して誇ってるように見える。","translation":"She seemed almost proud, as if she had built me herself with her own hands.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p8-s15.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"自分","lemma":"自分","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 力","gloss":"own"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 自分","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"力","lemma":"力","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 製造","gloss":"strength"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 力","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of 製造","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"製造","lemma":"製造","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 誇っ","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 製造","gloss":"(does)"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces 誇っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"誇っ","lemma":"誇る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 見える","gloss":"is proud"},{"surface":"てる","lemma":"てる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 誇っ","gloss":"(continuous)"},{"surface":"よう","lemma":"よう","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 誇っ","gloss":"as if"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 誇っ","gloss":"(adverbial)"},{"surface":"見える","lemma":"見える","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"seems"}]},{"number":82,"label":"","id":"ch01-p8-s16","source":"少々気味がわるかった。","translation":"It gave me a slightly uneasy feeling.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p8-s16.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"少々","lemma":"少々","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies わるかっ","gloss":"slightly"},{"surface":"気味","lemma":"気味","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of わるかっ","gloss":"feeling"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 気味","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"わるかっ","lemma":"わるい","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"was uneasy"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of わるかっ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":83,"label":"9","id":"ch01-p9-s1","source":"母が死んでから清はいよいよおれを可愛がった。","translation":"After my mother died, Kiyo doted on me more than ever.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p9-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"母","lemma":"母","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 死ん","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 母","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"死ん","lemma":"死ぬ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 可愛","gloss":"died"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces から","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 死ん","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of 可愛","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"いよいよ","lemma":"いよいよ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 可愛","gloss":"more than ever"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of 可愛","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"可愛","lemma":"可愛い","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"dote"},{"surface":"がっ","lemma":"がる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 可愛","gloss":"(shows affection)"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 可愛","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":84,"label":"","id":"ch01-p9-s2","source":"時々は小供心になぜあんなに可愛がるのかと不審に思った。","translation":"Sometimes, with a child's simple mind, I wondered why she doted on me so.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p9-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"時々","lemma":"時々","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 思っ","gloss":"sometimes"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時々","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"小供","lemma":"小供","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 心","gloss":"child's"},{"surface":"心","lemma":"心","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 可愛","gloss":"mind"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 心","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"なぜ","lemma":"なぜ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 可愛","gloss":"why"},{"surface":"あんな","lemma":"あんな","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial, modifies 可愛","gloss":"so much"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of あんな","gloss":"(adverbial)"},{"surface":"可愛","lemma":"可愛い","morphology":"verb","role":"part of 可愛がる, main verb of embedded clause","gloss":"dote"},{"surface":"がる","lemma":"がる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 可愛","gloss":"(shows affection)"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"nominalizes 可愛がる clause","gloss":"(nominalizer)"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"marks the embedded question","gloss":"(question)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking the embedded clause","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"不審","lemma":"不審","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 思っ","gloss":"suspicious"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 不審","gloss":"(adverbial)"},{"surface":"思っ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 思っ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":85,"label":"","id":"ch01-p9-s3","source":"つまらない、廃せばいいのにと思った。","translation":"It seemed pointless to me; I wished she'd just stop.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p9-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"つまら","lemma":"つまらない","morphology":"adjective","role":"predicate, modifies 思っ","gloss":"pointless"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of つまら","gloss":"(negative ending)"},{"surface":"廃せ","lemma":"廃す","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 思っ","gloss":"stop"},{"surface":"ば","lemma":"ば","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 廃せ","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"いい","lemma":"いい","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase ば","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 廃せ","gloss":"(nominalizer)"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 廃せ","gloss":"if only","note":"のに here expresses wistful regret ('if only she would'), not location."},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 廃せ","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"思っ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 思っ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":86,"label":"","id":"ch01-p9-s4","source":"気の毒だと思った。","translation":"I felt bad for her, too.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p9-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"気の毒","lemma":"気の毒","morphology":"adjective","role":"clausal complement of 思っ","gloss":"pitiable"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 気の毒","gloss":"(copula)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 気の毒","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"思っ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 思っ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":87,"label":"","id":"ch01-p9-s5","source":"それでも清は可愛がる。","translation":"Still, Kiyo went on doting.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p9-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"それ","lemma":"それ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"part of それでも, 'still'","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"part of それでも","gloss":"(with)"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"part of それでも","gloss":"even","note":"それでも = 'even so, still'."},{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of 可愛","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"可愛","lemma":"可愛い","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"dotes"},{"surface":"がる","lemma":"がる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 可愛","gloss":"(shows affection)"}]},{"number":88,"label":"","id":"ch01-p9-s6","source":"折々は自分の小遣いで金鍔や紅梅焼を買ってくれる。","translation":"Every so often she'd spend her own pocket money to buy me kintsuba or kōbaiyaki sweets.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p9-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"折々","lemma":"折々","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 買っ","gloss":"every so often"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 折々","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"自分","lemma":"自分","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 小遣い","gloss":"her own"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 自分","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"小遣い","lemma":"小遣い","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 買っ","gloss":"pocket money"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 小遣い","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"金鍔","lemma":"金鍔","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 焼","gloss":"kintsuba"},{"surface":"や","lemma":"や","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 金鍔","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"紅梅","lemma":"紅梅","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 焼","gloss":"kōbai"},{"surface":"焼","lemma":"焼","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 買っ","gloss":"cake"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 焼","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"買っ","lemma":"買う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"buys"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces くれる","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"くれる","lemma":"くれる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"for me"}]},{"number":89,"label":"","id":"ch01-p9-s7","source":"寒い夜などはひそかに蕎麦粉を仕入れておいて、いつの間にか寝ている枕元へ蕎麦湯を持って来てくれる。","translation":"On cold nights she'd secretly lay in buckwheat flour, and before I knew it she'd bring hot soba-yu to my pillow while I slept.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p9-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"寒い","lemma":"寒い","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 夜","gloss":"cold"},{"surface":"夜","lemma":"夜","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 仕入れ","gloss":"nights"},{"surface":"など","lemma":"など","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 夜","gloss":"such as"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 夜","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"ひそか","lemma":"ひそか","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 仕入れ","gloss":"secretly"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of ひそか","gloss":"(adverbial)"},{"surface":"蕎麦","lemma":"蕎麦","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 粉","gloss":"buckwheat"},{"surface":"粉","lemma":"粉","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 仕入れ","gloss":"flour"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 粉","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"仕入れ","lemma":"仕入れる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 持っ","gloss":"lays in"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces おい","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"おい","lemma":"おく","morphology":"verb","role":"auxiliary of 仕入れ","gloss":"in advance","note":"て-おく marks doing something ahead of time."},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the next clause","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"いつ","lemma":"いつ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 間","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking いつ","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"間","lemma":"間","morphology":"noun","role":"part of いつの間にか, 'before you know it'","gloss":"interval","note":"いつの間にか is an idiom meaning 'before one realizes it'."},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 間","gloss":"(adverbial)"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 間","gloss":"(uncertain)"},{"surface":"寝","lemma":"寝る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 枕元","gloss":"sleeping"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces いる","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"いる","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"(continuous)"},{"surface":"枕元","lemma":"枕元","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 持っ","gloss":"pillow"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 枕元","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"蕎麦","lemma":"蕎麦","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 湯","gloss":"soba"},{"surface":"湯","lemma":"湯","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 持っ","gloss":"hot water"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 湯","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"持っ","lemma":"持つ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 来","gloss":"carries"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces 来","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"来","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"comes"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces くれる","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"くれる","lemma":"くれる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"for me"}]},{"number":90,"label":"","id":"ch01-p9-s8","source":"時には鍋焼饂飩さえ買ってくれた。","translation":"Sometimes she even bought me nabeyaki udon.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p9-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"時","lemma":"時","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 買っ","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"鍋焼","lemma":"鍋焼","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 饂飩","gloss":"nabeyaki"},{"surface":"饂飩","lemma":"饂飩","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 買っ","gloss":"udon"},{"surface":"さえ","lemma":"さえ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 饂飩","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"買っ","lemma":"買う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"bought"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces くれ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"くれ","lemma":"くれる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"for me"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 買っ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":91,"label":"","id":"ch01-p9-s9","source":"ただ食い物ばかりではない。","translation":"And it wasn't only food.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p9-s9.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ただ","lemma":"ただ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 食い物","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"食い物","lemma":"食い物","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"food"},{"surface":"ばかり","lemma":"ばかり","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 食い物","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 食い物","gloss":"(copula)"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"(emphasis)"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"isn't"}]},{"number":92,"label":"","id":"ch01-p9-s10","source":"靴足袋ももらった。","translation":"I got tabi socks for shoes from her too.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p9-s10.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"靴足袋","lemma":"靴足袋","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of もらっ","gloss":"shoe-tabi"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 靴足袋","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"もらっ","lemma":"もらう","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"received"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of もらっ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":93,"label":"","id":"ch01-p9-s11","source":"鉛筆も貰った、帳面も貰った。","translation":"I got pencils from her, I got notebooks from her.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p9-s11.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"鉛筆","lemma":"鉛筆","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 貰っ","gloss":"pencils"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 鉛筆","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"貰っ","lemma":"貰う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the first clause","gloss":"received"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 貰っ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"帳面","lemma":"帳面","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 貰っ","gloss":"notebooks"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 帳面","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"貰っ","lemma":"貰う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"received"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 貰っ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":94,"label":"","id":"ch01-p9-s12","source":"これはずっと後の事であるが金を三円ばかり貸してくれた事さえある。","translation":"This was much later, but there was even a time she lent me as much as three yen.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p9-s12.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"これ","lemma":"これ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 事","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking これ","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"ずっと","lemma":"ずっと","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 後","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"後","lemma":"後","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 事","gloss":"later"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 後","gloss":"(attributive)"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"predicate noun of これ, with である","gloss":"matter"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 事","gloss":"(copula)"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 事","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"金","lemma":"金","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 貸し","gloss":"money"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 金","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"三","lemma":"三","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 円","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"円","lemma":"円","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 貸し","gloss":"yen"},{"surface":"ばかり","lemma":"ばかり","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 円","gloss":"as much as"},{"surface":"貸し","lemma":"貸す","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 事","gloss":"lent"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 貸し","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"くれ","lemma":"くれる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"for me"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 貸し","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ある","gloss":"occasion"},{"surface":"さえ","lemma":"さえ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 事","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"existential verb, predicate of 事","gloss":"there was"}]},{"number":95,"label":"","id":"ch01-p9-s13","source":"何も貸せと云った訳ではない。","translation":"It wasn't that I'd asked her to lend it to me.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p9-s13.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"object of 貸せ","gloss":"anything"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"貸せ","lemma":"貸す","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 云っ","gloss":"lend it!"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 貸せ","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 訳","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云っ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"訳","lemma":"訳","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"case"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 訳","gloss":"(copula)"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":96,"label":"","id":"ch01-p9-s14","source":"向うで部屋へ持って来てお小遣いがなくてお困りでしょう、お使いなさいと云ってくれたんだ。","translation":"She brought it to my room on her own and said, you must be short on spending money, please use this.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p9-s14.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"向う","lemma":"向う","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 持っ","gloss":"on her own"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 向う","gloss":"(at)"},{"surface":"部屋","lemma":"部屋","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 持っ","gloss":"room"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 部屋","gloss":"(to)"},{"surface":"持っ","lemma":"持つ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 来","gloss":"brought"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 持っ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"来","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on なく","gloss":"(came)"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 来","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"お","lemma":"お","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 小遣い","gloss":"(honorific)"},{"surface":"小遣い","lemma":"小遣い","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of なく","gloss":"spending money"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 小遣い","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"なく","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 困り","gloss":"having none"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of なく","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"お","lemma":"お","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 困り","gloss":"(honorific)"},{"surface":"困り","lemma":"困る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 云っ","gloss":"troubled"},{"surface":"でしょう","lemma":"です","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 困り","gloss":"must be"},{"surface":"お","lemma":"お","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 使い","gloss":"(honorific)"},{"surface":"使い","lemma":"使う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 云っ","gloss":"use"},{"surface":"なさい","lemma":"なさる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 使い, polite imperative","gloss":"please"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 使い","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 云っ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"くれ","lemma":"くれる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"for me"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云っ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"ん","lemma":"ん","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 云っ","gloss":"(explanatory)"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase ん","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":97,"label":"","id":"ch01-p9-s15","source":"おれは無論入らないと云ったが、是非使えと云うから、借りておいた。","translation":"I told her of course I didn't need it, but she insisted I use it, so I borrowed it.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p9-s15.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 云っ","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"無論","lemma":"無論","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 入ら","gloss":"of course"},{"surface":"入ら","lemma":"要る","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 云っ","gloss":"need it","note":"Written with the kanji 入る; here it is the verb 要る (\"to need\"), an old orthographic choice, not \"to enter\"."},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 入ら","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 入ら","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 使え","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云っ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 云っ","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"是非","lemma":"是非","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 使え","gloss":"by all means"},{"surface":"使え","lemma":"使う","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 云う","gloss":"use it!"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 使え","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 借り","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 云う","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"借り","lemma":"借りる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"borrowed"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 借り","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"おい","lemma":"おく","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"kept it"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 借り","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":98,"label":"","id":"ch01-p9-s16","source":"実は大変嬉しかった。","translation":"Honestly, I was overjoyed.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p9-s16.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"実","lemma":"実","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 嬉しかっ","gloss":"actually"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 実","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"大変","lemma":"大変","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 嬉しかっ","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"嬉しかっ","lemma":"嬉しい","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"was happy"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 嬉しかっ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":99,"label":"","id":"ch01-p9-s17","source":"その三円を蝦蟇口へ入れて、懐へ入れたなり便所へ行ったら、すぽりと後架の中へ落してしまった。","translation":"I put the three yen in a coin purse, tucked it into my kimono, and went to the privy — and it slipped clean down into the toilet pit.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p9-s17.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"蝦蟇口","title":"「蝦蟇口」","body":"「蝦蟇口」 がまぐち (gamaguchi) — a metal-clasp coin purse, named for its resemblance to a toad's (蝦蟇, gama) wide mouth (口, kuchi) when it snaps open."}],"words":[{"surface":"その","lemma":"その","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 円","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"三","lemma":"三","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 円","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"円","lemma":"円","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 入れ","gloss":"yen"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 円","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"蝦蟇口","lemma":"蝦蟇口","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 入れ","gloss":"coin purse"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 蝦蟇口","gloss":"(into)"},{"surface":"入れ","lemma":"入れる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 行っ","gloss":"put in"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 入れ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"懐","lemma":"懐","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 入れ","gloss":"kimono"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 懐","gloss":"(into)"},{"surface":"入れ","lemma":"入れる","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 便所","gloss":"tucked"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 入れ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"なり","lemma":"なり","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 入れ","gloss":"just as it was"},{"surface":"便所","lemma":"便所","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 行っ","gloss":"privy"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 便所","gloss":"(to)"},{"surface":"行っ","lemma":"行く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 落し","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 行っ","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"すぽり","lemma":"すぽり","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial clause on 落し","gloss":"plop"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking すぽり","gloss":"(manner)"},{"surface":"後架","lemma":"後架","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 中","gloss":"toilet"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 後架","gloss":"(of)"},{"surface":"中","lemma":"中","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 落し","gloss":"inside"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 中","gloss":"(into)"},{"surface":"落し","lemma":"落とす","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"dropped"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 落し","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"しまっ","lemma":"しまう","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"(completely)"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 落し","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":100,"label":"","id":"ch01-p9-s18","source":"仕方がないから、のそのそ出てきて実はこれこれだと清に話したところが、清は早速竹の棒を捜して来て、取って上げますと云った。","translation":"With no choice, I came shuffling out and told Kiyo what had happened, and she went right off to find a bamboo pole, saying she'd fish it out for me.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p9-s18.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"仕方","lemma":"仕方","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ない","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 仕方","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 出","gloss":"there is none"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ない","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"のそのそ","lemma":"のそのそ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 出","gloss":"shuffling"},{"surface":"出","lemma":"出る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 話し","gloss":"came out"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 出","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"き","lemma":"くる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"(came)"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 出","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"実","lemma":"実","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 話し","gloss":"actually"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 実","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"これ","lemma":"これ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies これ","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"これ","lemma":"これ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"adverbial clause on 話し","gloss":"and that"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to これ","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking これ","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of 話し","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"(to)"},{"surface":"話し","lemma":"話す","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying ところ","gloss":"told"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 話し","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"ところ","lemma":"ところ","morphology":"noun","role":"marks the turn of events (たところが)","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ところ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of 捜し","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"早速","lemma":"早速","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 捜し","gloss":"immediately"},{"surface":"竹","lemma":"竹","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 棒","gloss":"bamboo"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 竹","gloss":"(of)"},{"surface":"棒","lemma":"棒","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 捜し","gloss":"pole"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 棒","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"捜し","lemma":"捜す","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 上げ","gloss":"searched for"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 捜し","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"来","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 捜し","gloss":"came back"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 捜し","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"取っ","lemma":"取る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 上げ","gloss":"get it out"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 取っ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"上げ","lemma":"上げる","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 云っ","gloss":"for you"},{"surface":"ます","lemma":"ます","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 上げ","gloss":"(polite)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 上げ","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云っ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":101,"label":"","id":"ch01-p9-s19","source":"しばらくすると井戸端でざあざあ音がするから、出てみたら竹の先へ蝦蟇口の紐を引き懸けたのを水で洗っていた。","translation":"After a while I heard splashing at the well, and going to look, found her rinsing the purse in water, its cord hooked on the end of the bamboo pole.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p9-s19.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"井戸端","title":"「井戸端」","body":"「井戸端」 いどばた (idobata) — literally 'the well's edge', where Meiji-era housewives gathered to draw water and trade news; 井戸端会議 ('well-side conference') is still the standard word for idle gossip."}],"words":[{"surface":"しばらく","lemma":"しばらく","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies する","gloss":"a while"},{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on する","gloss":"passed"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of する","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"井戸","lemma":"井戸","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 端","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"端","lemma":"端","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of する","gloss":"side"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 端","gloss":"(at)"},{"surface":"ざあざあ","lemma":"ざあざあ","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies する","gloss":"splashing"},{"surface":"音","lemma":"音","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of する","gloss":"sound"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 音","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 出","gloss":"was making"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of する","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"出","lemma":"出る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 先","gloss":"went out"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 出","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"み","lemma":"みる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"to look"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"竹","lemma":"竹","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 先","gloss":"bamboo"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 竹","gloss":"(of)"},{"surface":"先","lemma":"先","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 洗っ","gloss":"tip"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 先","gloss":"(on)"},{"surface":"蝦蟇口","lemma":"蝦蟇口","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 紐","gloss":"coin purse"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 蝦蟇口","gloss":"('s)"},{"surface":"紐","lemma":"紐","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 引き","gloss":"cord"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 紐","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"引き","lemma":"引く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 洗っ","gloss":"hooked"},{"surface":"懸け","lemma":"懸ける","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 洗っ","gloss":"onto"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 懸け","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 懸け","gloss":"(the one)"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 懸け","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"水","lemma":"水","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 洗っ","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 水","gloss":"(with)"},{"surface":"洗っ","lemma":"洗う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was washing"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 洗っ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"(was)"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 洗っ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":102,"label":"","id":"ch01-p9-s20","source":"それから口をあけて壱円札を改めたら茶色になって模様が消えかかっていた。","translation":"Then she opened it up and checked the one-yen notes inside, and they had turned brown, their patterns nearly worn away.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p9-s20.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"それ","lemma":"それ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of あけ","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking それ","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"口","lemma":"口","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of あけ","gloss":"opening"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 口","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"あけ","lemma":"あける","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 改め","gloss":"opened"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of あけ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"壱","lemma":"壱","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 札","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"円","lemma":"円","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 札","gloss":"yen"},{"surface":"札","lemma":"札","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 改め","gloss":"notes"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 札","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"改め","lemma":"改める","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on なっ","gloss":"checked"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 改め","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"茶","lemma":"茶","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 色","gloss":"brown"},{"surface":"色","lemma":"色","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of なっ","gloss":"color"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 色","gloss":"(into)"},{"surface":"なっ","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 消え","gloss":"had become"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of なっ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"模様","lemma":"模様","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 消え","gloss":"pattern"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 模様","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"消え","lemma":"消える","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on かかっ","gloss":"fading"},{"surface":"かかっ","lemma":"かかる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"nearly"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of かかっ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"(was)"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of かかっ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":103,"label":"","id":"ch01-p9-s21","source":"清は火鉢で乾かして、これでいいでしょうと出した。","translation":"Kiyo dried them over the brazier and handed them to me, saying this should do.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p9-s21.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of 出し","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"火鉢","lemma":"火鉢","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 乾かし","gloss":"brazier"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 火鉢","gloss":"(over)"},{"surface":"乾かし","lemma":"乾かす","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 出し","gloss":"dried"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 乾かし","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"これ","lemma":"これ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of いい","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking これ","gloss":"(with)"},{"surface":"いい","lemma":"いい","morphology":"adjective","role":"predicate adjective, quoted by と","gloss":"fine"},{"surface":"でしょう","lemma":"です","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of いい","gloss":"should be"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking いい","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"出し","lemma":"出す","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"handed"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出し","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":104,"label":"","id":"ch01-p9-s22","source":"ちょっとかいでみて臭いやと云ったら、それじゃお出しなさい、取り換えて来て上げますからと、どこでどう胡魔化したか札の代りに銀貨を三円持って来た。","translation":"I sniffed them and said they stank, so she said, well then, hand them over, I'll go exchange them for you — and however she managed it, she came back with three yen in silver coins instead of the notes.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p9-s22.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ちょっと","lemma":"ちょっと","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies かい","gloss":"a little"},{"surface":"かい","lemma":"嗅ぐ","morphology":"verb, continuative form","role":"adverbial clause on み","gloss":"sniffed","note":"嗅いで (sniffing, and) was split by the tagger into かい + で."},{"surface":"で","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of かい","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"み","lemma":"みる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 臭い","gloss":"tried"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of み","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"臭い","lemma":"臭い","morphology":"adjective","role":"clausal complement of 云っ","gloss":"stinks"},{"surface":"や","lemma":"や","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 臭い","gloss":"(emphasis)","note":"Sentence-final や adds colloquial emphasis, like よ."},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 臭い","gloss":"quote"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 上げ","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"たら","morphology":"auxiliary verb, conditional","role":"auxiliary of 云っ","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"それ","lemma":"それ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 出し","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"じゃ","lemma":"じゃ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking それ","gloss":"then","note":"じゃ contracts では, 'if that's so'."},{"surface":"お","lemma":"お","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 出し","gloss":"(honorific)"},{"surface":"出し","lemma":"出す","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 上げ","gloss":"hand over"},{"surface":"なさい","lemma":"なさる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出し","gloss":"please"},{"surface":"取り","lemma":"取る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 上げ","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"換え","lemma":"換える","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 上げ","gloss":"exchange"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 換え","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"来","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 換え","gloss":"come back"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 来","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"上げ","lemma":"上げる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 持っ","gloss":"for you"},{"surface":"ます","lemma":"ます","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 上げ","gloss":"(polite)"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 上げ","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 上げ","gloss":"quote"},{"surface":"どこ","lemma":"どこ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of 胡魔化し","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking どこ","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"どう","lemma":"どう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 胡魔化し","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"胡魔化し","lemma":"胡魔化す","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 持っ","gloss":"fudged"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 胡魔化し","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 胡魔化し","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"札","lemma":"札","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 代り","gloss":"notes"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 札","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"代り","lemma":"代り","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 持っ","gloss":"instead"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 代り","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"銀貨","lemma":"銀貨","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 持っ","gloss":"silver coins"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 銀貨","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"三","lemma":"三","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 円","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"円","lemma":"円","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 持っ","gloss":"yen"},{"surface":"持っ","lemma":"持つ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 来","gloss":"holding"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 持っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"来","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 来","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":105,"label":"","id":"ch01-p9-s23","source":"この三円は何に使ったか忘れてしまった。","translation":"I've forgotten what I ever spent that three yen on.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p9-s23.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 円","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"三","lemma":"三","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 円","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"円","lemma":"円","morphology":"noun","role":"topicalized object of 使っ","gloss":"yen"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 円","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of 使っ","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"使っ","lemma":"使う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 忘れ","gloss":"spent"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 使っ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 使っ","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"忘れ","lemma":"忘れる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"forgot"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 忘れ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"しまっ","lemma":"しまう","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"completely"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 忘れ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":106,"label":"","id":"ch01-p9-s24","source":"今に返すよと云ったぎり、返さない。","translation":"I said I'd pay her back sometime, and that was the last of it — I never did.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p9-s24.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"今","lemma":"今","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 返す","gloss":"sometime"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 今","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"返す","lemma":"返す","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 云っ","gloss":"pay back"},{"surface":"よ","lemma":"よ","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 返す","gloss":"(emphasis)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 返す","gloss":"quote"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying ぎり","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云っ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"ぎり","lemma":"きり","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 返さ","gloss":"only","note":"きり here means 'and never since' (nothing but that one time)."},{"surface":"返さ","lemma":"返す","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"pay back"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 返さ","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":107,"label":"","id":"ch01-p9-s25","source":"今となっては十倍にして返してやりたくても返せない。","translation":"Now, even if I wanted to pay her back tenfold, I can't.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p9-s25.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"今","lemma":"今","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of なっ","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 今","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"なっ","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on し","gloss":"having become"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of なっ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking なっ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"十","lemma":"十","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 倍","gloss":"ten"},{"surface":"倍","lemma":"倍","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of し","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 倍","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on やり","gloss":"make it"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"返し","lemma":"返す","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on やり","gloss":"pay back"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 返し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"やり","lemma":"やる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 返せ","gloss":"for her"},{"surface":"たく","lemma":"たい","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of やり","gloss":"want to"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of やり","gloss":"even if"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking やり","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"返せ","lemma":"返せる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"can pay back"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 返せ","gloss":"cannot"}]},{"number":108,"label":"10","id":"ch01-p10-s1","source":"清が物をくれる時には必ずおやじも兄も居ない時に限る。","translation":"Whenever Kiyo gave me something, it was always at a moment when neither my father nor my brother was around.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p10-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of くれる","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"物","lemma":"物","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of くれる","gloss":"something"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 物","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"くれる","lemma":"くれる","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 時","gloss":"gave"},{"surface":"時","lemma":"時","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 居","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"必ず","lemma":"必ず","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 居","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"おやじ","lemma":"おやじ","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 居","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おやじ","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"兄","lemma":"兄","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 居","gloss":"brother"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 兄","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"居","lemma":"居る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 時","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 居","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"時","lemma":"時","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 限る","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"限る","lemma":"限る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was always"}]},{"number":109,"label":"","id":"ch01-p10-s2","source":"おれは何が嫌いだと云って人に隠れて自分だけ得をするほど嫌いな事はない。","translation":"If there's one thing I hate above all, it's profiting on the sly behind other people's backs.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p10-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 事","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 嫌い","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"嫌い","lemma":"嫌い","morphology":"noun","role":"clausal complement of 云っ","gloss":"hate"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 嫌い","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 嫌い","gloss":"quote"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 隠れ","gloss":"say"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 云っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"人","lemma":"人","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 隠れ","gloss":"others"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 人","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"隠れ","lemma":"隠れる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on する","gloss":"hiding"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 隠れ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"自分","lemma":"自分","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of する","gloss":"myself"},{"surface":"だけ","lemma":"だけ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 自分","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"得","lemma":"得","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of する","gloss":"profit"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 得","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 嫌い","gloss":"making"},{"surface":"ほど","lemma":"ほど","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of する","gloss":"to the extent"},{"surface":"嫌い","lemma":"嫌い","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 事","gloss":"hateful"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 嫌い","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 事","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase 事","gloss":"there is none"}]},{"number":110,"label":"","id":"ch01-p10-s3","source":"兄とは無論仲がよくないけれども、兄に隠して清から菓子や色鉛筆を貰いたくはない。","translation":"I certainly wasn't on good terms with my brother, but even so I didn't want to take sweets or colored pencils from Kiyo behind his back.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p10-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"兄","lemma":"兄","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of ない","gloss":"brother"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 兄","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 兄","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"無論","lemma":"無論","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ない","gloss":"of course"},{"surface":"仲","lemma":"仲","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ない","gloss":"relations"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 仲","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"よく","lemma":"よい","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on ない","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 貰い","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"けれど","lemma":"けれど","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ない","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ない","gloss":"even so"},{"surface":"兄","lemma":"兄","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 隠し","gloss":"brother"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 兄","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"隠し","lemma":"隠す","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 貰い","gloss":"hiding"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 隠し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of 貰い","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"菓子","lemma":"菓子","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 鉛筆","gloss":"sweets"},{"surface":"や","lemma":"や","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 菓子","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"色","lemma":"色","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 鉛筆","gloss":"colored"},{"surface":"鉛筆","lemma":"鉛筆","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 貰い","gloss":"pencils"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 鉛筆","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"貰い","lemma":"貰う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on ない","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"たく","lemma":"たい","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 貰い","gloss":"want to"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 貰い","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":111,"label":"","id":"ch01-p10-s4","source":"なぜ、おれ一人にくれて、兄さんには遣らないのかと清に聞く事がある。","translation":"So sometimes I'd ask Kiyo why she gave things to me alone and not to my brother.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p10-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"なぜ","lemma":"なぜ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 聞く","gloss":"why"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 一人","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"一人","lemma":"一人","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 聞く","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 一人","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"くれ","lemma":"くれる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase に","gloss":"gave"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 一人","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"兄さん","lemma":"兄さん","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 遣ら","gloss":"brother"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 兄さん","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 兄さん","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"遣ら","lemma":"遣る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 聞く","gloss":"give"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 遣ら","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 遣ら","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 遣ら","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 遣ら","gloss":"quote"},{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of 聞く","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"聞く","lemma":"聞く","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 事","gloss":"ask"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase 事","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase 事","gloss":"there were"}]},{"number":112,"label":"","id":"ch01-p10-s5","source":"すると清は澄したものでお兄様はお父様が買ってお上げなさるから構いませんと云う。","translation":"And Kiyo would answer coolly, it's fine, your brother has your father buying for him.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p10-s5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"お上げなさる","title":"Honorific お…なさる","body":"お + verb stem + なさる is a respectful (sonkeigo) construction for another person's action — here Kiyo uses it of Botchan's father buying things for the brother. Even her homely dialogue carries these small honorific markers."}],"words":[{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"forms conjunction with と","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the sentence","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of 澄し","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"澄し","lemma":"澄ます","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"cool"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 澄し","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 構い","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もの","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"お","lemma":"お","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 様","gloss":"(honorific)"},{"surface":"兄","lemma":"兄","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 様","gloss":"brother"},{"surface":"様","lemma":"様","morphology":"noun","role":"topic of 構い","gloss":"(honorific)"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 様","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"お","lemma":"お","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 父様","gloss":"(honorific)"},{"surface":"父様","lemma":"父様","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 買っ","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 父様","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"買っ","lemma":"買う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 構い","gloss":"buys"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 買っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"お","lemma":"お","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with なさる","gloss":"(honorific)"},{"surface":"上げ","lemma":"上げる","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with なさる","gloss":"gives"},{"surface":"なさる","lemma":"なさる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"adverbial clause on 構い","gloss":"(honorific)"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking なさる","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"構い","lemma":"構う","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 云う","gloss":"mind"},{"surface":"ませ","lemma":"ます","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 構い","gloss":"(polite)"},{"surface":"ん","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 構い","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 構い","gloss":"quote"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"says"}]},{"number":113,"label":"","id":"ch01-p10-s6","source":"これは不公平である。","translation":"That struck me as unfair.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p10-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"これ","lemma":"これ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 公平","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking これ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"不","lemma":"不","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 公平","gloss":"un-"},{"surface":"公平","lemma":"公平","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"fair"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 公平","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":114,"label":"","id":"ch01-p10-s7","source":"おやじは頑固だけれども、そんな依怙贔負はせぬ男だ。","translation":"My father was stubborn, but he wasn't the kind of man to play favorites like that.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p10-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おやじ","lemma":"おやじ","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 頑固","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おやじ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"頑固","lemma":"頑固","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on せ","gloss":"stubborn"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 頑固","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"けれど","lemma":"けれど","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 頑固","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 頑固","gloss":"even so"},{"surface":"そんな","lemma":"そんな","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 贔負","gloss":"that kind of"},{"surface":"依怙","lemma":"依怙","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 贔負","gloss":"partial"},{"surface":"贔負","lemma":"贔負","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of せ","gloss":"favoritism"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 贔負","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"せ","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 男","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"ぬ","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of せ","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"男","lemma":"男","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 男","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":115,"label":"","id":"ch01-p10-s8","source":"しかし清の眼から見るとそう見えるのだろう。","translation":"But I suppose that's how it looked, through Kiyo's eyes.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p10-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"しかし","lemma":"しかし","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"possessor, modifies 眼","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"possessive marking 清","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"眼","lemma":"眼","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 見る","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 眼","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"見る","lemma":"見る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 見える","gloss":"one looks"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 見る","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"そう","lemma":"そう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 見える","gloss":"that way"},{"surface":"見える","lemma":"見える","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"it looks"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"nominalizes 見える for だろう","gloss":"that","note":"Explanatory の before だろう; no independent lexical meaning."},{"surface":"だろう","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"epistemic modal following の","gloss":"I suppose"}]},{"number":116,"label":"","id":"ch01-p10-s9","source":"全く愛に溺れていたに違いない。","translation":"She must simply have been blinded by affection.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p10-s9.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"全く","lemma":"全く","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 溺れ","gloss":"completely"},{"surface":"愛","lemma":"愛","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 溺れ","gloss":"affection"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 愛","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"溺れ","lemma":"溺れる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 違い","gloss":"was infatuated"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 溺れ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 溺れ","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 溺れ","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"違い","lemma":"違い","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of ない","gloss":"doubt","note":"に違いない is a set idiom meaning 'must be'."},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"none"}]},{"number":117,"label":"","id":"ch01-p10-s10","source":"元は身分のあるものでも教育のない婆さんだから仕方がない。","translation":"She may have come from a good family once, but she was an uneducated old woman, so there was no helping it.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p10-s10.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"元","lemma":"元","morphology":"noun","role":"topic, modifies ある","gloss":"originally"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 元","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"身分","lemma":"身分","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies ある","gloss":"status"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 身分","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"predicate noun of the concessive clause with で","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to もの","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もの","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"教育","lemma":"教育","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies ない","gloss":"education"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 教育","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying さん","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"婆","lemma":"婆","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with さん","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"さん","lemma":"さん","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 婆","gloss":"woman"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to さん","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of さん","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"仕方","lemma":"仕方","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ない","gloss":"help"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 仕方","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"none"}]},{"number":118,"label":"","id":"ch01-p10-s11","source":"単にこればかりではない。","translation":"And it wasn't only this.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p10-s11.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"単に","lemma":"単に","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies これ","gloss":"merely"},{"surface":"これ","lemma":"これ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"ばかり","lemma":"ばかり","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking これ","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to これ","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":119,"label":"","id":"ch01-p10-s12","source":"贔負目は恐ろしいものだ。","translation":"Favoritism is a fearsome thing.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p10-s12.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"贔負","lemma":"贔屓","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 目","gloss":"favoritism","note":"贔負 is a historical variant spelling of 贔屓 (favoritism/bias)."},{"surface":"目","lemma":"目","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 贔負, subject of もの","gloss":"view"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 目","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"恐ろしい","lemma":"恐ろしい","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"fearsome"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to もの","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":120,"label":"","id":"ch01-p10-s13","source":"清はおれをもって将来立身出世して立派なものになると思い込んでいた。","translation":"Kiyo had convinced herself that I would rise in the world and become someone splendid.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p10-s13.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of 思い込ん","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of もっ","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"もっ","lemma":"もつ","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase を","gloss":"using"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase を","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"将来","lemma":"将来","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial modifier of 出世","gloss":"future"},{"surface":"立身","lemma":"立身","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 出世","gloss":"success"},{"surface":"出世","lemma":"出世","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on なる","gloss":"advance"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出世","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 出世","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"立派","lemma":"立派","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"splendid"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 立派","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of なる","gloss":"someone"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もの","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"なる","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 思い","gloss":"would become"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking なる","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"思い","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 込ん","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"込ん","lemma":"込む","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was convinced"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 込ん","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 込ん","gloss":"was"}]},{"number":121,"label":"","id":"ch01-p10-s14","source":"その癖勉強をする兄は色ばかり白くって、とても役には立たないと一人できめてしまった。","translation":"And yet she'd decided all on her own that my brother, for all his studying, was just pale-faced and would never amount to anything useful.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p10-s14.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"その","lemma":"その","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 癖","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"癖","lemma":"癖","morphology":"noun","role":"idiom その癖, adverbial on the sentence","gloss":"yet","note":"その癖 is a set adverbial phrase meaning 'and yet, despite that'."},{"surface":"勉強","lemma":"勉強","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of する","gloss":"studying"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 勉強","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 兄","gloss":"does"},{"surface":"兄","lemma":"兄","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 白く","gloss":"brother"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 兄","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"色","lemma":"色","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 白く","gloss":"complexion"},{"surface":"ばかり","lemma":"ばかり","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 色","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"白く","lemma":"白い","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 立た","gloss":"pale"},{"surface":"って","lemma":"て","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 白く","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"とても","lemma":"とても","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 立た","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"役","lemma":"役","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 立た","gloss":"use"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 役","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 役","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"立た","lemma":"立つ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on きめ","gloss":"useful"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 立た","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 立た","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"一人","lemma":"一人","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of きめ","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 一人","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"きめ","lemma":"きめる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"decided"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of きめ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"しまっ","lemma":"しまう","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"ended up"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of きめ","gloss":"was"}]},{"number":122,"label":"","id":"ch01-p10-s15","source":"こんな婆さんに逢っては叶わない。","translation":"There was no arguing with an old woman like that.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p10-s15.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"こんな","lemma":"こんな","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies さん","gloss":"such a"},{"surface":"婆","lemma":"婆","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with さん","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"さん","lemma":"さん","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 婆, oblique complement of 逢っ","gloss":"woman"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking さん","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"逢っ","lemma":"逢う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 叶わ","gloss":"meeting"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 逢っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 逢っ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"叶わ","lemma":"敵う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"match"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 叶わ","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":123,"label":"","id":"ch01-p10-s16","source":"自分の好きなものは必ずえらい人物になって、嫌いなひとはきっと落ち振れるものと信じている。","translation":"She believed that whoever she liked was bound to become great, and whoever she disliked was bound to come to ruin.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p10-s16.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"自分","lemma":"自分","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 好き","gloss":"herself"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 自分","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"好き","lemma":"好き","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"liked"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 好き","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of なっ","gloss":"whoever"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もの","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"必ず","lemma":"必ず","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies えらい","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"えらい","lemma":"えらい","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 人物","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"人物","lemma":"人物","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of なっ","gloss":"figure"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 人物","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"なっ","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 信じ","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of なっ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"嫌い","lemma":"嫌い","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying ひと","gloss":"disliked"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 嫌い","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ひと","lemma":"ひと","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 信じ","gloss":"whoever"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ひと","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"きっと","lemma":"きっと","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 信じ","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"落ち","lemma":"落ちぶれる","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"fall"},{"surface":"振れる","lemma":"振れる","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with 落ち","gloss":"into ruin","note":"落ち振れる is a period spelling of 落ちぶれる 'to fall into ruin'."},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 信じ","gloss":"person"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もの","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"信じ","lemma":"信ずる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"believes"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 信じ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"いる","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":124,"label":"","id":"ch01-p10-s17","source":"おれはその時から別段何になると云う了見もなかった。","translation":"At the time, I myself had no particular idea what I meant to become.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p10-s17.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of なかっ","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"その","lemma":"その","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 時","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"時","lemma":"時","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of なる","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"別段","lemma":"別段","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial modifier of なかっ","gloss":"particular"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of なる","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"なる","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"verb of the clause complement of 云う","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking なる","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"relative clause modifying 了見","gloss":"called"},{"surface":"了見","lemma":"了見","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of なかっ","gloss":"idea"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 了見","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"なかっ","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"none"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なかっ","gloss":"was"}]},{"number":125,"label":"","id":"ch01-p10-s18","source":"しかし清がなるなると云うものだから、やっぱり何かに成れるんだろうと思っていた。","translation":"But since Kiyo kept saying I'd become something, I somehow came to think I probably would become something after all.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p10-s18.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"しかし","lemma":"しかし","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of なる","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"なる","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"reduplicated with なる for emphasis","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"なる","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking なる","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"kept saying"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"reason clause modifying 思っ","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to もの","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of もの","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"やっぱり","lemma":"やっぱり","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 成れる","gloss":"after all"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of 成れる","gloss":"something"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"成れる","lemma":"成れる","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 思っ","gloss":"could become"},{"surface":"ん","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"nominalizes 成れる for だろう","gloss":"that","note":"ん is the colloquial contraction of explanatory の."},{"surface":"だろう","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"epistemic modal following ん","gloss":"probably"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 成れる","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"思っ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 思っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 思っ","gloss":"was"}]},{"number":126,"label":"","id":"ch01-p10-s19","source":"今から考えると馬鹿馬鹿しい。","translation":"Looking back on it now, it's absurd.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p10-s19.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"今","lemma":"今","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 考える","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 今","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"考える","lemma":"考える","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 馬鹿馬鹿しい","gloss":"one thinks"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 考える","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"馬鹿馬鹿しい","lemma":"馬鹿馬鹿しい","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"absurd"}]},{"number":127,"label":"","id":"ch01-p10-s20","source":"ある時などは清にどんなものになるだろうと聞いてみた事がある。","translation":"There was even a time I asked Kiyo what she thought I'd become.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p10-s20.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"determiner","role":"modifies 時","gloss":"a certain"},{"surface":"時","lemma":"時","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 聞い","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"など","lemma":"など","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時","gloss":"for instance"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of 聞い","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"どんな","lemma":"どんな","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies もの","gloss":"what kind of"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of なる","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もの","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"なる","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 聞い","gloss":"would become"},{"surface":"だろう","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なる","gloss":"probably"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking なる","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"聞い","lemma":"聞く","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 事","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 聞い","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"み","lemma":"みる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"tried"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 聞い","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"occasion"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase 事","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase 事","gloss":"there was"}]},{"number":128,"label":"","id":"ch01-p10-s21","source":"ところが清にも別段の考えもなかったようだ。","translation":"But it seemed she hadn't any particular idea either.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p10-s21.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ところ","lemma":"ところが","morphology":"noun","role":"part of conjunction ところが","gloss":"however","note":"ところが functions as a set conjunction meaning 'however/but'."},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"part of conjunction ところが","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of なかっ","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"別段","lemma":"別段","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 考え","gloss":"particular"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 別段","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"考え","lemma":"考え","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of なかっ","gloss":"idea"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 考え","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"なかっ","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"none"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なかっ","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"よう","lemma":"よう","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なかっ","gloss":"seemed"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なかっ","gloss":"was"}]},{"number":129,"label":"","id":"ch01-p10-s22","source":"ただ手車へ乗って、立派な玄関のある家をこしらえるに相違ないと云った。","translation":"She only said that surely I'd ride around in a rickshaw and build myself a house with a fine entrance hall.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p10-s22.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ただ","lemma":"ただ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"手車","lemma":"手車","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 乗っ","gloss":"rickshaw"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 手車","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"乗っ","lemma":"乗る","morphology":"verb","role":"coordinate clause with こしらえる","gloss":"ride"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 乗っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"立派","lemma":"立派","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 玄関","gloss":"fine"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 立派","gloss":"modifying"},{"surface":"玄関","lemma":"玄関","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies ある","gloss":"entrance hall"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"subject of ある","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"modifies 家","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"家","lemma":"家","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of こしらえる","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 家","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"こしらえる","lemma":"こしらえる","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 相違ない","gloss":"will build"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase 相違ない","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"相違","lemma":"相違","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with ない","gloss":"discrepancy","note":"相違ない is a fixed idiom meaning 'no doubt, certainly'."},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"negates 相違","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ない","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云っ","gloss":"past tense"}]},{"number":130,"label":"11","id":"ch01-p11-s1","source":"それから清はおれがうちでも持って独立したら、一所になる気でいた。","translation":"After that, Kiyo made up her mind that once I had a household of my own and was independent, she'd come live with me.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p11-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"それ","lemma":"それ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"complement of から","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking それ","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of いた","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 持っ","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"うち","lemma":"うち","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 持っ","gloss":"household"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking うち","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking うち","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"持っ","lemma":"持つ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 独立","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 持っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"独立","lemma":"独立","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on なる","gloss":"independence"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 独立","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 独立","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"一所","lemma":"一所","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of なる","gloss":"together"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 一所","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"なる","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 気","gloss":"would come"},{"surface":"気","lemma":"気","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"mind"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 気","gloss":"being"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 気","gloss":"past tense"}]},{"number":131,"label":"","id":"ch01-p11-s2","source":"どうか置いて下さいと何遍も繰り返して頼んだ。","translation":"Please, do take me in, she begged me over and over.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p11-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"どう","lemma":"どう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 置い","gloss":"somehow","note":"どうか together is an idiom meaning 'please'."},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking どう","gloss":"please"},{"surface":"置い","lemma":"置く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 頼ん","gloss":"take in"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 置い","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"下さい","lemma":"下さる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"please"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 置い","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 遍","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"遍","lemma":"遍","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial complement of 繰り","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 遍","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"繰り","lemma":"繰る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 頼ん","gloss":"repeat"},{"surface":"返し","lemma":"返す","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 頼ん","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 返し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"頼ん","lemma":"頼む","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"begged"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 頼ん","gloss":"past tense"}]},{"number":132,"label":"","id":"ch01-p11-s3","source":"おれも何だかうちが持てるような気がして、うん置いてやると返事だけはしておいた。","translation":"I too somehow got the feeling I really would have a house of my own someday, so I'd answer, sure, I'll take you in.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p11-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 何","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"adverbial clause on し","gloss":"somehow","note":"何だか is an idiom meaning 'somehow, for some reason'."},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 何","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 何","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"うち","lemma":"うち","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 持てる","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking うち","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"持てる","lemma":"持つ","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 気","gloss":"can have"},{"surface":"よう","lemma":"よう","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 持てる","gloss":"as if"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 持てる","gloss":"modifying"},{"surface":"気","lemma":"気","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of し","gloss":"feeling"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 気","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 置い","gloss":"felt"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"うん","lemma":"うん","morphology":"interjection","role":"quoted interjection","gloss":"yes"},{"surface":"置い","lemma":"置く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on やる","gloss":"take you in"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 置い","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"やる","lemma":"やる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 返事","gloss":"will do"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking やる","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"返事","lemma":"返事","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of し","gloss":"answer"},{"surface":"だけ","lemma":"だけ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 返事","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 返事","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"gave"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"おい","lemma":"おく","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"kept"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of し","gloss":"past tense"}]},{"number":133,"label":"","id":"ch01-p11-s4","source":"ところがこの女はなかなか想像の強い女で、あなたはどこがお好き、麹町ですか麻布ですか、お庭へぶらんこをおこしらえ遊ばせ、西洋間は一つでたくさんですなどと勝手な計画を独りで並べていた。","translation":"But this woman had a formidable imagination, and she'd lay out her own plans quite freely — which part of town would you like, Kōjimachi or Azabu, please have a swing put up in the garden, one Western-style room ought to be plenty.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p11-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ところ","lemma":"ところ","morphology":"noun","role":"connects to previous sentence","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ところ","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 女","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"女","lemma":"女","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of で","gloss":"woman"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 女","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"なかなか","lemma":"なかなか","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 女","gloss":"quite"},{"surface":"想像","lemma":"想像","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 強い","gloss":"imagination"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"subject of 強い","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"強い","lemma":"強い","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 女","gloss":"strong"},{"surface":"女","lemma":"女","morphology":"noun","role":"predicate complement, continues via で","gloss":"woman"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 女","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"あなた","lemma":"あなた","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 好き","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking あなた","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"どこ","lemma":"どこ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 好き","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking どこ","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"お","lemma":"お","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 好き","gloss":"polite"},{"surface":"好き","lemma":"好き","morphology":"adjective","role":"predicate of どこ","gloss":"prefer"},{"surface":"麹町","lemma":"麹町","morphology":"proper noun","role":"predicate noun with です","gloss":"Kōjimachi"},{"surface":"です","lemma":"です","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 麹町","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 麹町","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"麻布","lemma":"麻布","morphology":"proper noun","role":"predicate noun with です","gloss":"Azabu"},{"surface":"です","lemma":"です","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 麻布","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 麻布","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"お","lemma":"お","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 庭","gloss":"polite"},{"surface":"庭","lemma":"庭","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of こしらえ","gloss":"garden"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 庭","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"ぶらんこ","lemma":"ぶらんこ","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of こしらえ","gloss":"swing"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ぶらんこ","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"お","lemma":"お","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with こしらえ","gloss":"polite"},{"surface":"こしらえ","lemma":"こしらえる","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with 遊ばせ","gloss":"put up"},{"surface":"遊ばせ","lemma":"遊ばす","morphology":"verb","role":"honorific verb, completes こしらえ","gloss":"for you to enjoy"},{"surface":"西洋","lemma":"西洋","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 間","gloss":"Western"},{"surface":"間","lemma":"間","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of たくさん","gloss":"room"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 間","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"一","lemma":"一","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies つ","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"つ","lemma":"つ","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of たくさん","gloss":"counter"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking つ","gloss":"being"},{"surface":"たくさん","lemma":"たくさん","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 並べ","gloss":"enough"},{"surface":"です","lemma":"です","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of たくさん","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"など","lemma":"など","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of たくさん","gloss":"and so on"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking たくさん","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"勝手","lemma":"勝手","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 計画","gloss":"freely"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 勝手","gloss":"modifying"},{"surface":"計画","lemma":"計画","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 並べ","gloss":"plans"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 計画","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"独り","lemma":"独り","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 並べ","gloss":"by herself"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 独り","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"並べ","lemma":"並べる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"laid out"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 並べ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 並べ","gloss":"past tense"}]},{"number":134,"label":"","id":"ch01-p11-s5","source":"その時は家なんか欲しくも何ともなかった。","translation":"At the time I didn't want a house of any kind at all.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p11-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"その","lemma":"その","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 時","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"時","lemma":"時","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of なかっ","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"家","lemma":"家","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 欲しく","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"なんか","lemma":"なんか","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 家","gloss":"or anything"},{"surface":"欲しく","lemma":"欲しい","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on なかっ","gloss":"want"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 欲しく","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of なかっ","gloss":"anything","note":"何とも with a negative verb is an idiom meaning 'not at all'."},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"at all"},{"surface":"なかっ","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"negative predicate of the sentence","gloss":"was not"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なかっ","gloss":"past tense"}]},{"number":135,"label":"","id":"ch01-p11-s6","source":"西洋館も日本建も全く不用であったから、そんなものは欲しくないと、いつでも清に答えた。","translation":"A Western house or a Japanese one, either way I had no use for it, so I always told Kiyo I didn't want any such thing.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p11-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"西洋","lemma":"西洋","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 館","gloss":"Western"},{"surface":"館","lemma":"館","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 不用","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 館","gloss":"either"},{"surface":"日本","lemma":"日本","morphology":"proper noun","role":"compound with 建","gloss":"Japanese"},{"surface":"建","lemma":"建","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 不用","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 建","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"全く","lemma":"全く","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 不用","gloss":"at all"},{"surface":"不用","lemma":"不用","morphology":"adjective","role":"predicate, modified by で/あっ/た","gloss":"useless"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 不用","gloss":"being"},{"surface":"あっ","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 不用","gloss":"past tense"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 不用","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"そんな","lemma":"そんな","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies もの","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ない","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もの","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"欲しく","lemma":"欲しい","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on ない","gloss":"want"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 答え","gloss":"did not"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ない","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"いつ","lemma":"いつ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of 答え","gloss":"any time","note":"いつでも together is an idiom meaning 'always'."},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking いつ","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking いつ","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of 答え","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"答え","lemma":"答える","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"told"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 答え","gloss":"past tense"}]},{"number":136,"label":"","id":"ch01-p11-s7","source":"すると、あなたは欲がすくなくって、心が奇麗だと云ってまた賞めた。","translation":"To which she'd say, you want for so little, your heart is so pure, and praise me all over again.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p11-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"conjunction introducing sentence","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"completes すると","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"あなた","lemma":"あなた","morphology":"pronoun","role":"depends on すくなく","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking あなた","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"欲","lemma":"欲","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of すくなく","gloss":"wants"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 欲","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"すくなく","lemma":"すくない","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 賞め","gloss":"little"},{"surface":"って","lemma":"て","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of すくなく","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"心","lemma":"心","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 奇麗","gloss":"heart"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 心","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"奇麗","lemma":"奇麗","morphology":"adjective","role":"clausal complement of 云っ","gloss":"pure"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 奇麗","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 奇麗","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 賞め","gloss":"say"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 云っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"また","lemma":"また","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 賞め","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"賞め","lemma":"賞める","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"praise"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 賞め","gloss":"past tense"}]},{"number":137,"label":"","id":"ch01-p11-s8","source":"清は何と云っても賞めてくれる。","translation":"No matter what I said, Kiyo always found a way to praise me for it.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p11-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of 賞め","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of 云っ","gloss":"whatever"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 賞め","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 云っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 云っ","gloss":"even if"},{"surface":"賞め","lemma":"賞める","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"praises"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 賞め","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"くれる","lemma":"くれる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"for me"}]},{"number":138,"label":"12","id":"ch01-p12-s1","source":"母が死んでから五六年の間はこの状態で暮していた。","translation":"For five or six years after my mother's death, I went on living like this.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p12-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"母","lemma":"母","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 死ん","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 母","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"死ん","lemma":"死ぬ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 暮し","gloss":"died"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 死ん","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"particle marking 死ん","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"五六","lemma":"五六","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 年","gloss":"five or six"},{"surface":"年","lemma":"年","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 間","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 年","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"間","lemma":"間","morphology":"noun","role":"time adverbial of 暮し","gloss":"span"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 間","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 状態","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"状態","lemma":"状態","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 暮し","gloss":"state"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 状態","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"暮し","lemma":"暮す","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lived"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 暮し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 暮し","gloss":"past tense"}]},{"number":139,"label":"","id":"ch01-p12-s2","source":"おやじには叱られる。","translation":"Scolded by my father.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p12-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おやじ","lemma":"おやじ","morphology":"noun","role":"agent of 叱ら","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おやじ","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おやじ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"叱ら","lemma":"叱る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"scolded"},{"surface":"れる","lemma":"れる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 叱ら","gloss":"am"}]},{"number":140,"label":"","id":"ch01-p12-s3","source":"兄とは喧嘩をする。","translation":"Fighting with my brother.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p12-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"兄","lemma":"兄","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of する","gloss":"brother"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 兄","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 兄","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"喧嘩","lemma":"喧嘩","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of する","gloss":"quarrel"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 喧嘩","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"have"}]},{"number":141,"label":"","id":"ch01-p12-s4","source":"清には菓子を貰う、時々賞められる。","translation":"Given sweets by Kiyo, praised now and then.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p12-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of 貰う","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"菓子","lemma":"菓子","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 貰う","gloss":"sweets"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 菓子","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"貰う","lemma":"貰う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the first clause","gloss":"receive"},{"surface":"時々","lemma":"時々","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 賞め","gloss":"sometimes"},{"surface":"賞め","lemma":"賞める","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"praised"},{"surface":"られる","lemma":"られる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 賞め","gloss":"(passive)"}]},{"number":142,"label":"","id":"ch01-p12-s5","source":"別に望みもない。","translation":"I had no particular wishes beyond that.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p12-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"別","lemma":"別","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on ない","gloss":"particular","note":"別に…ない is idiomatic for 'not particularly'."},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 別","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"望み","lemma":"望み","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ない","gloss":"wishes"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 望み","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"there were none"}]},{"number":143,"label":"","id":"ch01-p12-s6","source":"これでたくさんだと思っていた。","translation":"I thought this much was enough.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p12-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"これ","lemma":"これ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of たくさん","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking これ","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"たくさん","lemma":"たくさん","morphology":"adjective","role":"clausal complement of 思っ","gloss":"enough"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of たくさん","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking たくさん","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"思っ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 思っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 思っ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":144,"label":"","id":"ch01-p12-s7","source":"ほかの小供も一概にこんなものだろうと思っていた。","translation":"I supposed other children's lives were, on the whole, much the same.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p12-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ほか","lemma":"ほか","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 小供","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ほか","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"小供","lemma":"子供","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of もの","gloss":"children","note":"小供 is an old orthography for 子供 (child/children)."},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 小供","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"一概","lemma":"一概","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of もの","gloss":"in general"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 一概","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"こんな","lemma":"こんな","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies もの","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"clausal complement of 思っ","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"だろう","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to もの","gloss":"probably"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もの","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"思っ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"supposed"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 思っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 思っ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":145,"label":"","id":"ch01-p12-s8","source":"ただ清が何かにつけて、あなたはお可哀想だ、不仕合だと無暗に云うものだから、それじゃ可哀想で不仕合せなんだろうと思った。","translation":"Only Kiyo, on every occasion, kept insisting you poor thing, how unfortunate you are, so I supposed I must indeed be pitiful and unfortunate.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p12-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ただ","lemma":"ただ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of つけ","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of つけ","gloss":"something"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"-ever"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"つけ","lemma":"つける","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 可哀想","gloss":"occasion","note":"何かにつけて is idiomatic for 'on every occasion'."},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of つけ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"あなた","lemma":"あなた","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 可哀想","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking あなた","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"お","lemma":"お","morphology":"prefix","role":"compound with 可哀想","gloss":"(polite)"},{"surface":"可哀想","lemma":"可哀想","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"poor thing"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 可哀想","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"不","lemma":"不","morphology":"prefix","role":"compound with 仕合","gloss":"un-"},{"surface":"仕合","lemma":"仕合せ","morphology":"noun","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"fortunate"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 仕合","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 仕合","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"無暗","lemma":"無暗","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 云う","gloss":"recklessly"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 無暗","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"言う","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"insists","note":"云う is an older orthography for 言う (to say)."},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 不仕合せ","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to もの","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of もの","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"それ","lemma":"それ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of 可哀想","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"じゃ","lemma":"じゃ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking それ","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"可哀想","lemma":"可哀想","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 不仕合せ","gloss":"pitiful"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 可哀想","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"不仕合せ","lemma":"不仕合せ","morphology":"adjective","role":"clausal complement of 思っ","gloss":"unfortunate"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 不仕合せ","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ん","lemma":"ん","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 不仕合せ","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"だろう","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase ん","gloss":"must be"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 不仕合せ","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"思っ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 思っ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":146,"label":"","id":"ch01-p12-s9","source":"その外に苦になる事は少しもなかった。","translation":"Beyond that, nothing troubled me in the least.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p12-s9.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"その","lemma":"その","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 外","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"外","lemma":"外","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of なる","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 外","gloss":"besides"},{"surface":"苦","lemma":"苦","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of なる","gloss":"trouble"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 苦","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"なる","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 事","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of なかっ","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 事","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"少し","lemma":"少し","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies なかっ","gloss":"in the least"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 少し","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"なかっ","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なかっ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":147,"label":"","id":"ch01-p12-s10","source":"ただおやじが小遣いをくれないには閉口した。","translation":"Except that my father never giving me pocket money did wear me down.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p12-s10.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ただ","lemma":"ただ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"おやじ","lemma":"おやじ","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of くれ","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おやじ","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"小遣い","lemma":"小遣い","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of くれ","gloss":"pocket money"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 小遣い","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"くれ","lemma":"くれる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 閉口","gloss":"give"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of くれ","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking くれ","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking くれ","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"閉口","lemma":"閉口","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"exasperated"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 閉口","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 閉口","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":148,"label":"13","id":"ch01-p13-s1","source":"母が死んでから六年目の正月におやじも卒中で亡くなった。","translation":"In the New Year of the sixth year after my mother died, my father too passed away, of a stroke.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p13-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"母","lemma":"母","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 死ん","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 母","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"死ん","lemma":"死ぬ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 亡くなっ","gloss":"died"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 死ん","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 死ん","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"六","lemma":"六","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 目","gloss":"six"},{"surface":"年","lemma":"年","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 目","gloss":"year"},{"surface":"目","lemma":"目","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 正月","gloss":"-th"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 目","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"正月","lemma":"正月","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 亡くなっ","gloss":"New Year"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 正月","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"おやじ","lemma":"おやじ","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 亡くなっ","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おやじ","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"卒中","lemma":"卒中","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 亡くなっ","gloss":"stroke"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 卒中","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"亡くなっ","lemma":"亡くなる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"passed away"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 亡くなっ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":149,"label":"","id":"ch01-p13-s2","source":"その年の四月におれはある私立の中学校を卒業する。","translation":"That April I graduated from a certain private middle school.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p13-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"その","lemma":"その","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 年","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"年","lemma":"年","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 月","gloss":"year"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 年","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"四","lemma":"四","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 月","gloss":"four"},{"surface":"月","lemma":"月","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 卒業","gloss":"April"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 月","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 卒業","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 私立","gloss":"certain"},{"surface":"私立","lemma":"私立","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 学校","gloss":"private"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 私立","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"中","lemma":"中","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 学校","gloss":"middle"},{"surface":"学校","lemma":"学校","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 卒業","gloss":"school"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学校","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"卒業","lemma":"卒業","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"graduate"},{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 卒業","gloss":"does"}]},{"number":150,"label":"","id":"ch01-p13-s3","source":"六月に兄は商業学校を卒業した。","translation":"In June my brother graduated from a business school.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p13-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"六","lemma":"六","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 月","gloss":"six"},{"surface":"月","lemma":"月","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 卒業","gloss":"June"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 月","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"兄","lemma":"兄","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 卒業","gloss":"brother"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 兄","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"商業","lemma":"商業","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 学校","gloss":"business"},{"surface":"学校","lemma":"学校","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 卒業","gloss":"school"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学校","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"卒業","lemma":"卒業","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"graduate"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 卒業","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 卒業","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":151,"label":"","id":"ch01-p13-s4","source":"兄は何とか会社の九州の支店に口があって行かなければならん。","translation":"My brother had landed a position at the Kyushu branch of some company or other and had to go there.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p13-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"兄","lemma":"兄","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 行か","gloss":"brother"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 兄","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 会社","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"other","note":"何とか is idiomatic for 'some ... or other'."},{"surface":"会社","lemma":"会社","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 九州","gloss":"company"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 会社","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"九州","lemma":"九州","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies 支店","gloss":"Kyushu"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 九州","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"支店","lemma":"支店","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of あっ","gloss":"branch"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 支店","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"口","lemma":"口","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of あっ","gloss":"opening"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 口","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"あっ","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 行か","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of あっ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"行か","lemma":"行く","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"なけれ","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 行か","gloss":"must","note":"行かなければならん is the fixed 'must go' construction."},{"surface":"ば","lemma":"ば","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase なけれ","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"なら","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase なけれ","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"ん","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase なけれ","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":152,"label":"","id":"ch01-p13-s5","source":"おれは東京でまだ学問をしなければならない。","translation":"I still had studies to finish in Tokyo.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p13-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of し","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"東京","lemma":"東京","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of し","gloss":"Tokyo"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 東京","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"まだ","lemma":"まだ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies し","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"学問","lemma":"学問","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of し","gloss":"studies"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学問","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"なけれ","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of し","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"ば","lemma":"ば","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase なけれ","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"なら","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase なけれ","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase なけれ","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":153,"label":"","id":"ch01-p13-s6","source":"兄は家を売って財産を片付けて任地へ出立すると云い出した。","translation":"My brother announced he would sell the house, settle up our affairs, and set off for his posting.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p13-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"兄","lemma":"兄","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 云い","gloss":"brother"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 兄","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"家","lemma":"家","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 売っ","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 家","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"売っ","lemma":"売る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 片付け","gloss":"sell"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 売っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"財産","lemma":"財産","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 片付け","gloss":"property"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 財産","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"片付け","lemma":"片付ける","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 出立","gloss":"settle"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 片付け","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"任地","lemma":"任地","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 出立","gloss":"posting"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 任地","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"出立","lemma":"出立","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 云い","gloss":"set off"},{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出立","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 出立","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"云い","lemma":"言う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 出し","gloss":"said","note":"云い is an older orthography for 言う (to say)."},{"surface":"出し","lemma":"出す","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"announced"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出し","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":154,"label":"","id":"ch01-p13-s7","source":"おれはどうでもするがよかろうと返事をした。","translation":"I answered that he could do as he liked.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p13-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of し","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"どう","lemma":"どう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies し","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking どう","gloss":"-ever"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking どう","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"subject of よかろう","gloss":"does"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of する","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"よかろう","lemma":"よい","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on し","gloss":"would be fine"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking よかろう","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"返事","lemma":"返事","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of し","gloss":"answer"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 返事","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of し","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":155,"label":"","id":"ch01-p13-s8","source":"どうせ兄の厄介になる気はない。","translation":"I had no intention of depending on my brother anyway.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p13-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"どうせ","lemma":"どうせ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies なる","gloss":"anyway"},{"surface":"兄","lemma":"兄","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies なる","gloss":"brother"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 兄","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"厄介","lemma":"厄介","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on なる","gloss":"burden"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 厄介","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"なる","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 気","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"気","lemma":"気","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ない","gloss":"intention"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 気","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"there is not"}]},{"number":156,"label":"","id":"ch01-p13-s9","source":"世話をしてくれるにしたところで、喧嘩をするから、向うでも何とか云い出すに極っている。","translation":"Even if he did look after me, we'd only fight, and he was bound to have something to say about it sooner or later.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p13-s9.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"世話","lemma":"世話","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of し","gloss":"care"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 世話","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the clause taking 世話, leads to くれる","gloss":"does"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"くれる","lemma":"くれる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"for me"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking the complement of した (にする construction)","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"verb of the にしたところで concessive construction, modifies 極っ","gloss":"treats","note":"にしたところで is a set concessive phrase meaning 'even granting/supposing that'"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of し","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"ところ","lemma":"ところ","morphology":"noun","role":"head noun of the concessive ところで phrase, modifies 極っ","gloss":"point"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"concessive particle completing にしたところで, introduces the clause of 極っ","gloss":"even though"},{"surface":"喧嘩","lemma":"喧嘩","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of する","gloss":"fight"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 喧嘩","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 極っ","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of する","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"向う","lemma":"向こう","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 極っ","gloss":"his side","note":"向う is an older spelling of 向こう ('the other side')"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 向う","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 向う","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of 云い","gloss":"something"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"云い","lemma":"言う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 極っ","gloss":"say","note":"云う is a variant spelling of 言う"},{"surface":"出す","lemma":"出す","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 極っ","gloss":"starts"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 出す","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"極っ","lemma":"決まる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is bound","note":"極る is a Meiji-era kanji variant of 決まる ('to be certain/settled')"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 極っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"いる","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":157,"label":"","id":"ch01-p13-s10","source":"なまじい保護を受ければこそ、こんな兄に頭を下げなければならない。","translation":"It's precisely because the protection would be so half-hearted that I'd have to bow my head to a brother like that.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p13-s10.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"なまじい","title":"「なまじい」","body":"「なまじい」 (namajii) — half-heartedly, in a way that does more harm than good; 'ill-advised(ly)'. Botchan uses it to say that half-hearted charity from his brother would only humiliate him."}],"words":[{"surface":"なまじい","lemma":"なまじい","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 保護","gloss":"half-hearted"},{"surface":"保護","lemma":"保護","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 受けれ","gloss":"protection"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 保護","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"受けれ","lemma":"受ける","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 下げ","gloss":"receive"},{"surface":"ば","lemma":"ば","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 受けれ","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"こそ","lemma":"こそ","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase ば","gloss":"precisely"},{"surface":"こんな","lemma":"こんな","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 兄","gloss":"such a"},{"surface":"兄","lemma":"兄","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 下げ","gloss":"brother"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 兄","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"頭","lemma":"頭","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 下げ","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 頭","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"下げ","lemma":"下げる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"bow"},{"surface":"なけれ","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 下げ","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ば","lemma":"ば","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase なけれ","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"なら","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase なけれ","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase なけれ","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":158,"label":"","id":"ch01-p13-s11","source":"牛乳配達をしても食ってられると覚悟をした。","translation":"I resolved that even delivering milk, I could get by.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p13-s11.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"牛乳","lemma":"牛乳","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 配達","gloss":"milk"},{"surface":"配達","lemma":"配達","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of し","gloss":"delivery"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 配達","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 食っ","gloss":"does"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking し","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"食っ","lemma":"食う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on し","gloss":"get by"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 食っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"られる","lemma":"られる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 食っ","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"覚悟","lemma":"覚悟","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of し","gloss":"resolve"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 覚悟","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of し","gloss":"did"}]},{"number":159,"label":"","id":"ch01-p13-s12","source":"兄はそれから道具屋を呼んで来て、先祖代々の瓦落多を二束三文に売った。","translation":"My brother then called in a secondhand dealer and sold off our ancestors' old junk for next to nothing.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p13-s12.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"兄","lemma":"兄","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 呼ん","gloss":"brother"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 兄","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"それ","lemma":"それ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of 呼ん","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking それ","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"道具","lemma":"道具","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 屋","gloss":"goods"},{"surface":"屋","lemma":"屋","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 呼ん","gloss":"dealer"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 屋","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"呼ん","lemma":"呼ぶ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 売っ","gloss":"called"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 呼ん","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"来","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 呼ん","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 呼ん","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"先祖","lemma":"先祖","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 代々","gloss":"ancestors"},{"surface":"代々","lemma":"代々","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 瓦落多","gloss":"generations"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 代々","gloss":"possessive marker"},{"surface":"瓦落多","lemma":"瓦落多","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 売っ","gloss":"junk"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 瓦落多","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"二","lemma":"二","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 文","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"束","lemma":"束","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 文","gloss":"bundles","note":"二束三文 is an idiom meaning 'next to nothing, dirt cheap'"},{"surface":"三","lemma":"三","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 文","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"文","lemma":"文","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 売っ","gloss":"mon"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 文","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"売っ","lemma":"売る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sold"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 売っ","gloss":"did"}]},{"number":160,"label":"","id":"ch01-p13-s13","source":"家屋敷はある人の周旋である金満家に譲った。","translation":"The house and land he handed over, through someone's brokering, to some wealthy man.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p13-s13.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"家屋敷","lemma":"家屋敷","morphology":"noun","role":"topic, direct object of 譲っ","gloss":"house and land"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 家屋敷","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 人","gloss":"a certain"},{"surface":"人","lemma":"人","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 周旋","gloss":"person"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 人","gloss":"possessive marker"},{"surface":"周旋","lemma":"周旋","morphology":"noun","role":"clause modifying 家","gloss":"brokering"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 周旋","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"being"},{"surface":"金満","lemma":"金満","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 家","gloss":"wealthy"},{"surface":"家","lemma":"家","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 譲っ","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 家","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"譲っ","lemma":"譲る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"handed over"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 譲っ","gloss":"did"}]},{"number":161,"label":"","id":"ch01-p13-s14","source":"この方は大分金になったようだが、詳しい事は一向知らぬ。","translation":"That side of things seems to have brought in a fair sum, but I know nothing of the details.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p13-s14.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 方","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"方","lemma":"方","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of なっ","gloss":"matter"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 方","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"大分","lemma":"大分","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies なっ","gloss":"considerably"},{"surface":"金","lemma":"金","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of なっ","gloss":"money"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 金","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"なっ","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 知ら","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なっ","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"よう","lemma":"よう","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なっ","gloss":"seems"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なっ","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of なっ","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"詳しい","lemma":"詳しい","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 事","gloss":"detailed"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 知ら","gloss":"matter"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 事","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"一向","lemma":"一向","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 知ら","gloss":"at all"},{"surface":"知ら","lemma":"知る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"ぬ","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 知ら","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":162,"label":"","id":"ch01-p13-s15","source":"おれは一ヶ月以前から、しばらく前途の方向のつくまで神田の小川町へ下宿していた。","translation":"A month earlier already, until I could decide on some direction for my future, I had taken lodgings in Ogawamachi, Kanda.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p13-s15.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 下宿","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"一","lemma":"一","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 以前","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"ヶ月","lemma":"ヶ月","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 以前","gloss":"month"},{"surface":"以前","lemma":"以前","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 下宿","gloss":"earlier"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 以前","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"しばらく","lemma":"しばらく","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies つく","gloss":"for a while"},{"surface":"前途","lemma":"前途","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 方向","gloss":"future"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 前途","gloss":"possessive marker"},{"surface":"方向","lemma":"方向","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies つく","gloss":"direction"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 方向","gloss":"subject marker"},{"surface":"つく","lemma":"つく","morphology":"verb","role":"oblique complement of 下宿","gloss":"be settled"},{"surface":"まで","lemma":"まで","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of つく","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"神田","lemma":"神田","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies 町","gloss":"Kanda"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 神田","gloss":"possessive marker"},{"surface":"小川","lemma":"小川","morphology":"proper noun","role":"compound with 町","gloss":"Ogawa"},{"surface":"町","lemma":"町","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 下宿","gloss":"town"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 町","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"下宿","lemma":"下宿","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lodged"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 下宿","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 下宿","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 下宿","gloss":"had"}]},{"number":163,"label":"","id":"ch01-p13-s16","source":"清は十何年居たうちが人手に渡るのを大いに残念がったが、自分のものでないから、仕様がなかった。","translation":"Kiyo was terribly sorry to see the house she'd lived in for more than ten years pass into someone else's hands, but since it wasn't hers to keep, there was nothing to be done.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p13-s16.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of 居","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"十","lemma":"十","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 年","gloss":"ten"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 年","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"年","lemma":"年","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 居","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"居","lemma":"居る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying うち","gloss":"lived"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 居","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"うち","lemma":"うち","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 渡る","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking うち","gloss":"subject marker"},{"surface":"人手","lemma":"人手","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 渡る","gloss":"other hands"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 人手","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"渡る","lemma":"渡る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 残念","gloss":"pass"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 渡る","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 渡る","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"大いに","lemma":"大いに","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 残念","gloss":"greatly"},{"surface":"残念","lemma":"残念","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on なかっ","gloss":"sorry"},{"surface":"がっ","lemma":"がる","morphology":"verb","role":"verb suffix forming the predicate with 残念, coordinate with なかっ via が","gloss":"felt"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 残念","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 残念","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"自分","lemma":"自分","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies もの","gloss":"her own"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 自分","gloss":"possessive marker"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of なかっ","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to もの","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of もの","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"仕様","lemma":"仕様","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of なかっ","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 仕様","gloss":"subject marker"},{"surface":"なかっ","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"was none"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なかっ","gloss":"was"}]},{"number":164,"label":"","id":"ch01-p13-s17","source":"あなたがもう少し年をとっていらっしゃれば、ここがご相続が出来ますものをとしきりに口説いていた。","translation":"If only you were a little older, you could have inherited this place, she kept saying, over and over.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p13-s17.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"あなた","lemma":"あなた","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of とっ","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking あなた","gloss":"subject marker"},{"surface":"もう","lemma":"もう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 少し","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"少し","lemma":"少し","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies とっ","gloss":"a little"},{"surface":"年","lemma":"年","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of とっ","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 年","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"とっ","lemma":"とる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on いらっしゃれ","gloss":"took"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of とっ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"いらっしゃれ","lemma":"いらっしゃる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 口説い","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"ば","lemma":"ば","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of いらっしゃれ","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"ここ","lemma":"ここ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 出来","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ここ","gloss":"subject marker"},{"surface":"ご","lemma":"ご","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 相続","gloss":"honorific prefix"},{"surface":"相続","lemma":"相続","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 出来","gloss":"inheritance"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 相続","gloss":"subject marker"},{"surface":"出来","lemma":"出来る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"would be possible"},{"surface":"ます","lemma":"ます","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出来","gloss":"polite ending"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 口説い","gloss":"if only"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もの","gloss":"though"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もの","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"しきり","lemma":"しきり","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 口説い","gloss":"repeatedly"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking しきり","gloss":"adverb marker"},{"surface":"口説い","lemma":"口説く","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"pleaded"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 口説い","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 口説い","gloss":"had"}]},{"number":165,"label":"","id":"ch01-p13-s18","source":"もう少し年をとって相続が出来るものなら、今でも相続が出来るはずだ。","translation":"If getting a little older were all it took to inherit, then I could inherit it just as well now.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p13-s18.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"もう","lemma":"もう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 少し","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"少し","lemma":"少し","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies とっ","gloss":"a little"},{"surface":"年","lemma":"年","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of とっ","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 年","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"とっ","lemma":"とる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 出来る","gloss":"got older"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of とっ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"相続","lemma":"相続","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 出来る","gloss":"inheritance"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 相続","gloss":"subject marker"},{"surface":"出来る","lemma":"出来る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"is possible"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 出来る","gloss":"the case"},{"surface":"なら","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to もの","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"今","lemma":"今","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 出来る","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 今","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 今","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"相続","lemma":"相続","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 出来る","gloss":"inheritance"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 相続","gloss":"subject marker"},{"surface":"出来る","lemma":"出来る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying はず","gloss":"is possible"},{"surface":"はず","lemma":"はず","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"should"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to はず","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":166,"label":"","id":"ch01-p13-s19","source":"婆さんは何も知らないから年さえ取れば兄の家がもらえると信じている。","translation":"But the old woman didn't understand any of that, and believed that if I only grew old enough, my brother's house would come to me.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p13-s19.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"婆","lemma":"婆","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with さん","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"さん","lemma":"さん","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 信じ","gloss":"woman","note":"婆さん together is the idiom for 'old woman/granny'; さん is the honorific suffix."},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking さん","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of 知ら","gloss":"anything"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"at all"},{"surface":"知ら","lemma":"知る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 取れ","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 知ら","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 知ら","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"年","lemma":"年","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 取れ","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"さえ","lemma":"さえ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 年","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"取れ","lemma":"取る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on もらえる","gloss":"grew"},{"surface":"ば","lemma":"ば","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 取れ","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"兄","lemma":"兄","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 家","gloss":"brother"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 兄","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"家","lemma":"家","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of もらえる","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 家","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"もらえる","lemma":"もらえる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 信じ","gloss":"would get"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もらえる","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"信じ","lemma":"信ずる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"believed"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 信じ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"いる","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":167,"label":"14","id":"ch01-p14-s1","source":"兄とおれはかように分れたが、困ったのは清の行く先である。","translation":"My brother and I parted ways like this, but the trouble was what would become of Kiyo.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p14-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"兄","lemma":"兄","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies おれ","gloss":"brother"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 兄","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 分れ","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"かよう","lemma":"かよう","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 分れ","gloss":"like this"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of かよう","gloss":"thus"},{"surface":"分れ","lemma":"分れる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 困っ","gloss":"parted"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 分れ","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 分れ","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"困っ","lemma":"困る","morphology":"verb","role":"depends on 行く先","gloss":"troubling"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 困っ","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 困っ","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 困っ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies 行く先","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"行く先","lemma":"行く先","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"future"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 行く先","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":168,"label":"","id":"ch01-p14-s2","source":"兄は無論連れて行ける身分でなし、清も兄の尻にくっ付いて九州下りまで出掛ける気は毛頭なし、と云ってこの時のおれは四畳半の安下宿に籠って、それすらもいざとなれば直ちに引き払わねばならぬ始末だ。","translation":"My brother, of course, was in no position to take her along, and Kiyo herself hadn't the slightest wish to tag after him all the way down to Kyushu — and as for me, I was holed up in a cheap four-and-a-half-mat lodging room, and even that I'd have to give up the moment push came to shove.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p14-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"毛頭なし","title":"「毛頭もない」 idiom","body":"「毛頭（も）…なし/ない」 literally 'not even a hair's-tip (worth)' — 'not in the least, not remotely'. A vivid intensifier for total absence, here of Kiyo's wish to follow the brother to Kyushu."}],"words":[{"surface":"兄","lemma":"兄","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 始末","gloss":"brother"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 兄","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"無論","lemma":"無論","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 連れ","gloss":"of course"},{"surface":"連れ","lemma":"連れる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 行ける","gloss":"take along"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 連れ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"行ける","lemma":"行ける","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 身分","gloss":"could go"},{"surface":"身分","lemma":"身分","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 籠っ","gloss":"position"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 身分","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"なし","lemma":"なし","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of くっ付い","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"兄","lemma":"兄","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 尻","gloss":"brother"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 兄","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"尻","lemma":"尻","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of くっ付い","gloss":"heels"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 尻","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"くっ付い","lemma":"くっ付く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 出","gloss":"tag along"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of くっ付い","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"九州","lemma":"九州","morphology":"proper noun","role":"compound with 下り","gloss":"Kyushu"},{"surface":"下り","lemma":"下り","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 出","gloss":"way down"},{"surface":"まで","lemma":"まで","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 下り","gloss":"all the way to"},{"surface":"出","lemma":"出る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 気","gloss":"set out"},{"surface":"掛ける","lemma":"掛ける","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with 出","gloss":"off"},{"surface":"気","lemma":"気","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of なし","gloss":"wish"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 気","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"毛頭","lemma":"毛頭","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with なし","gloss":"in the least"},{"surface":"なし","lemma":"なし","morphology":"noun","role":"part of the phrase 毛頭","gloss":"had none"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking なし","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 籠っ","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 云っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 時","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"時","lemma":"時","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies おれ","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 籠っ","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"四","lemma":"四","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 半","gloss":"four"},{"surface":"畳","lemma":"畳","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 半","gloss":"mat"},{"surface":"半","lemma":"半","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 下宿","gloss":"and a half"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 半","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"安","lemma":"安","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 下宿","gloss":"cheap"},{"surface":"下宿","lemma":"下宿","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 籠っ","gloss":"lodging"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 下宿","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"籠っ","lemma":"籠る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 始末","gloss":"holed up"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 籠っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"それ","lemma":"それ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of なれ","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"すら","lemma":"すら","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking それ","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking それ","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"いざ","lemma":"いざ","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of なれ","gloss":"the moment"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking いざ","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"なれ","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 払わ","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"ば","lemma":"ば","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of なれ","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"直ちに","lemma":"直ちに","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 引き","gloss":"immediately"},{"surface":"引き","lemma":"引く","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 始末","gloss":"clear"},{"surface":"払わ","lemma":"払う","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 始末","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"ね","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 払わ","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ば","lemma":"ば","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 払わ","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"なら","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase ば","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"ぬ","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase ば","gloss":"not","note":"払わねばならぬ is the double-negative 'must' construction: literally 'if [I] don't clear it out, it won't do.'"},{"surface":"始末","lemma":"始末","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"situation"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 始末","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":169,"label":"","id":"ch01-p14-s3","source":"どうする事も出来ん。","translation":"There was nothing to be done about it.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p14-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"どう","lemma":"どう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies する","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 事","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 出来","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 事","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"出来","lemma":"出来る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"could be done"},{"surface":"ん","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出来","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":170,"label":"","id":"ch01-p14-s4","source":"清に聞いてみた。","translation":"I asked Kiyo what she meant to do.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p14-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of 聞い","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"聞い","lemma":"聞く","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 聞い","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"み","lemma":"みる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"tried"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 聞い","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":171,"label":"","id":"ch01-p14-s5","source":"どこかへ奉公でもする気かねと云ったらあなたがおうちを持って、奥さまをお貰いになるまでは、仕方がないから、甥の厄介になりましょうとようやく決心した返事をした。","translation":"When I asked whether she meant to go into service somewhere, she finally gave a decided answer: until you have a house of your own and take a wife, there's nothing for it — I'll go depend on my nephew.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p14-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"どこ","lemma":"どこ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of 奉公","gloss":"somewhere"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking どこ","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking どこ","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"奉公","lemma":"奉公","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on する","gloss":"service"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 奉公","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 奉公","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 気","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"気","lemma":"気","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 云っ","gloss":"meant to"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 気","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"ね","lemma":"ね","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 気","gloss":"I wonder"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 気","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 持っ","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云っ","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"あなた","lemma":"あなた","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 持っ","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking あなた","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"おうち","lemma":"おうち","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 持っ","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おうち","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"持っ","lemma":"持つ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on なる","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 持っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"奥さま","lemma":"奥さま","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of なる","gloss":"wife"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 奥さま","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"お","lemma":"お","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 貰い","gloss":"kindly"},{"surface":"貰い","lemma":"貰う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on なる","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 貰い","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"なる","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on し","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"まで","lemma":"まで","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of なる","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking なる","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"仕方","lemma":"仕方","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ない","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 仕方","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on なり","gloss":"there is not"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ない","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"甥","lemma":"甥","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 厄介","gloss":"nephew"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 甥","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"厄介","lemma":"厄介","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on なり","gloss":"care"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 厄介","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"なり","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 決心","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"ましょう","lemma":"ます","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なり","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking なり","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ようやく","lemma":"ようやく","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 決心","gloss":"finally"},{"surface":"決心","lemma":"決心","morphology":"noun","role":"clause modifying 返事","gloss":"decided"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 決心","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 決心","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"返事","lemma":"返事","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of し","gloss":"answer"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 返事","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"gave"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of し","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":172,"label":"","id":"ch01-p14-s6","source":"この甥は裁判所の書記でまず今日には差支えなく暮していたから、今までも清に来るなら来いと二三度勧めたのだが、清はたとい下女奉公はしても年来住み馴れた家の方がいいと云って応じなかった。","translation":"This nephew was a court clerk who by now got by comfortably enough, and he had already urged her two or three times to come if she liked, but Kiyo had refused, saying she'd rather stay in service in the house she'd grown used to over the years than come to him.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p14-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 甥","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"甥","lemma":"甥","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 勧め","gloss":"nephew"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 甥","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"裁判","lemma":"裁判","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 所","gloss":"court"},{"surface":"所","lemma":"所","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 書記","gloss":"office"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 所","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"書記","lemma":"書記","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 暮し","gloss":"clerk"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"particle marking 書記","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"まず","lemma":"まず","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 支え","gloss":"for now"},{"surface":"今日","lemma":"今日","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 支え","gloss":"these days"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 今日","gloss":"as of"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 今日","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"差","lemma":"差す","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 支え","gloss":"trouble"},{"surface":"支え","lemma":"支える","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 暮し","gloss":"hindrance"},{"surface":"なく","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 支え","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"暮し","lemma":"暮す","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 勧め","gloss":"got by"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 暮し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 暮し","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 暮し","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"今","lemma":"今","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 来い","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"まで","lemma":"まで","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 今","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 今","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 来る","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"来る","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 来い","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"なら","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 来る","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"来い","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 勧め","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 来い","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"二三","lemma":"二三","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 度","gloss":"two or three"},{"surface":"度","lemma":"度","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 勧め","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"勧め","lemma":"勧める","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 応じ","gloss":"urged"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 勧め","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 勧め","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase の","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 勧め","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of いい","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"たとい","lemma":"たとい","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies し","gloss":"even if"},{"surface":"下女","lemma":"下女","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 奉公","gloss":"maid"},{"surface":"奉公","lemma":"奉公","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of し","gloss":"service"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 奉公","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on いい","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking し","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"年来","lemma":"年来","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 住み","gloss":"over the years"},{"surface":"住み","lemma":"住む","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 家","gloss":"lived"},{"surface":"馴れ","lemma":"馴れる","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 家","gloss":"grew used to"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 馴れ","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"家","lemma":"家","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 方","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 家","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"方","lemma":"方","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of いい","gloss":"side"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 方","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"いい","lemma":"いい","morphology":"adjective","role":"clausal complement of 云っ","gloss":"better"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking いい","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 応じ","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 云っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"応じ","lemma":"応ずる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"agreed"},{"surface":"なかっ","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 応じ","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 応じ","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":173,"label":"","id":"ch01-p14-s7","source":"しかし今の場合知らぬ屋敷へ奉公易えをして入らぬ気兼を仕直すより、甥の厄介になる方がましだと思ったのだろう。","translation":"But now, I suppose, she'd decided it was better to depend on her nephew than to change service to some unfamiliar household and go through all that needless awkwardness again.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p14-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"しかし","lemma":"しかし","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"今","lemma":"今","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 場合","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 今","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"場合","lemma":"場合","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of し","gloss":"case"},{"surface":"知ら","lemma":"知る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 屋敷","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"ぬ","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 知ら","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"屋敷","lemma":"屋敷","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of し","gloss":"household"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 屋敷","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"奉公","lemma":"奉公","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 易え","gloss":"service"},{"surface":"易え","lemma":"易える","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of し","gloss":"change"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 易え","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 入ら","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"入ら","lemma":"入る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 気兼","gloss":"need","note":"入る here stands for いる/要る 'to need,' not 'to enter.'"},{"surface":"ぬ","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 入ら","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"気兼","lemma":"気兼","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 仕","gloss":"awkwardness"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 気兼","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"仕","lemma":"仕る","morphology":"verb","role":"depends on まし","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"直す","lemma":"直す","morphology":"verb","role":"auxiliary of 仕","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"より","lemma":"より","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 直す","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"甥","lemma":"甥","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of なる","gloss":"nephew"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 甥","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"厄介","lemma":"厄介","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on なる","gloss":"burden"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 厄介","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"なる","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 方","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"方","lemma":"方","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of まし","gloss":"side"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 方","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"まし","lemma":"まし","morphology":"adjective","role":"clausal complement of 思っ","gloss":"better"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of まし","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking まし","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"思っ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 思っ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 思っ","gloss":"it's that"},{"surface":"だろう","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase の","gloss":"probably"}]},{"number":174,"label":"","id":"ch01-p14-s8","source":"それにしても早くうちを持ての、妻を貰えの、来て世話をするのと云う。","translation":"Even so, she kept telling me to hurry up and get a house, take a wife, and let her come and look after me.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p14-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"それ","lemma":"それ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of し","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking それ","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 持て","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of し","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking し","gloss":"though"},{"surface":"早く","lemma":"早い","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial modifier of 持て","gloss":"quickly"},{"surface":"うち","lemma":"うち","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 持て","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking うち","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"持て","lemma":"持つ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 貰え","gloss":"get"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 持て","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"妻","lemma":"妻","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 貰え","gloss":"wife"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 妻","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"貰え","lemma":"貰う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on する","gloss":"get"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 貰え","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"来","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on する","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 来","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"世話","lemma":"世話","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of する","gloss":"care"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 世話","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 云う","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of する","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking する","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"says"}]},{"number":175,"label":"","id":"ch01-p14-s9","source":"親身の甥よりも他人のおれの方が好きなのだろう。","translation":"I suppose she was fonder of me, a stranger, than of her own flesh-and-blood nephew.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p14-s9.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"親身","lemma":"親身","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies 甥","gloss":"own"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 親身","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"甥","lemma":"甥","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 好き","gloss":"nephew"},{"surface":"より","lemma":"より","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 甥","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 甥","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"他人","lemma":"他人","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies おれ","gloss":"stranger"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 他人","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 方","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"方","lemma":"方","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 好き","gloss":"side"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 方","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"好き","lemma":"好き","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"fond"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 好き","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 好き","gloss":"it's that"},{"surface":"だろう","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase の","gloss":"probably"}]},{"number":176,"label":"15","id":"ch01-p15-s1","source":"九州へ立つ二日前兄が下宿へ来て金を六百円出してこれを資本にして商買をするなり、学資にして勉強をするなり、どうでも随意に使うがいい、その代りあとは構わないと云った。","translation":"Two days before he left for Kyushu, my brother came to my lodgings, handed me six hundred yen, and said, use it however you like — set yourself up in business with it or use it for your schooling — but after this, don't expect anything more from me.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p15-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"九州","lemma":"九州","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of 立つ","gloss":"Kyushu"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 九州","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"立つ","lemma":"立つ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on し","gloss":"leave"},{"surface":"二","lemma":"二","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 日","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"日","lemma":"日","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 前","gloss":"days"},{"surface":"前","lemma":"前","morphology":"noun","role":"temporal modifier of 来","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"兄","lemma":"兄","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of し","gloss":"brother"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 兄","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"下宿","lemma":"下宿","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 来","gloss":"lodgings"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 下宿","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"来","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on し","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 来","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"金","lemma":"金","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 出し","gloss":"money"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 金","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"六百","lemma":"六百","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 円","gloss":"six hundred"},{"surface":"円","lemma":"円","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 出し","gloss":"yen"},{"surface":"出し","lemma":"出す","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on し","gloss":"handed"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 出し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"これ","lemma":"これ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of し","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking これ","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"資本","lemma":"資本","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of し","gloss":"capital"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 資本","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on する","gloss":"make"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"商","lemma":"商","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 買","gloss":"business"},{"surface":"買","lemma":"買","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of する","gloss":"trade","note":"商買 here is an old variant of 商売, 'business, trade.'"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 買","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on する","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"なり","lemma":"なり","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of する","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"学資","lemma":"学資","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of する","gloss":"tuition"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学資","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase に","gloss":"use"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase に","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"勉強","lemma":"勉強","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of する","gloss":"study"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 勉強","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on いい","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"なり","lemma":"なり","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of する","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"どう","lemma":"どう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies いい","gloss":"however"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking どう","gloss":"(is)"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking どう","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"随意","lemma":"随意","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 使う","gloss":"freely"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 随意","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"使う","lemma":"使う","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with どう","gloss":"use"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 使う","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"いい","lemma":"いい","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 構わ","gloss":"fine"},{"surface":"その","lemma":"その","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 代り","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"代り","lemma":"代り","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with あと","gloss":"instead"},{"surface":"あと","lemma":"あと","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 構わ","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking あと","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"構わ","lemma":"構う","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 云っ","gloss":"care"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 構わ","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 構わ","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云っ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":177,"label":"","id":"ch01-p15-s2","source":"兄にしては感心なやり方だ、何の六百円ぐらい貰わんでも困りはせんと思ったが、例に似ぬ淡泊な処置が気に入ったから、礼を云って貰っておいた。","translation":"For my brother it was an admirably generous move; I thought I could get along fine without his six hundred yen, but this uncharacteristically clean, no-strings way of handling things pleased me, so I thanked him and accepted it.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p15-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"兄","lemma":"兄","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 方","gloss":"brother"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 兄","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase に","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase に","gloss":"though"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 兄","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"感心","lemma":"感心","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on やり","gloss":"admirable"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 感心","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"やり","lemma":"やる","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with 方","gloss":"doing"},{"surface":"方","lemma":"方","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 貰わ","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 方","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 円","gloss":"what","note":"何の…ぐらい is dismissive: 'as if a mere six hundred yen mattered.'"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"六百","lemma":"六百","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 円","gloss":"six hundred"},{"surface":"円","lemma":"円","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 貰わ","gloss":"yen"},{"surface":"ぐらい","lemma":"ぐらい","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 円","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"貰わ","lemma":"貰う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on せ","gloss":"get"},{"surface":"ん","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 貰わ","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase ん","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 貰わ","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"困り","lemma":"困る","morphology":"verb","role":"subject of せ","gloss":"trouble"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 困り","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"せ","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 思っ","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"ん","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of せ","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking せ","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"思っ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 入っ","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 思っ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 思っ","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"例","lemma":"例","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 似","gloss":"usual"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 例","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"似","lemma":"似る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 処置","gloss":"resemble"},{"surface":"ぬ","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 似","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"淡泊","lemma":"淡泊","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 処置","gloss":"clean"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 淡泊","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"処置","lemma":"処置","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 入っ","gloss":"handling"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 処置","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"気","lemma":"気","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 入っ","gloss":"feeling"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 気","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"入っ","lemma":"入る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 云っ","gloss":"pleased","note":"気に入る is idiomatic for 'to be pleased with, to like.'"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 入っ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 入っ","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"礼","lemma":"礼","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 云っ","gloss":"thanks"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 礼","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 云っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"貰っ","lemma":"貰う","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"accepted"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 云っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"おい","lemma":"おく","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"kept"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云っ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":178,"label":"","id":"ch01-p15-s3","source":"兄はそれから五十円出してこれをついでに清に渡してくれと云ったから、異議なく引き受けた。","translation":"He then took out fifty yen more and asked me to pass it on to Kiyo while I was at it, which I agreed to without objection.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p15-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"兄","lemma":"兄","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 渡し","gloss":"brother"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 兄","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"それ","lemma":"それ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of 出し","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking それ","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"五十","lemma":"五十","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 円","gloss":"fifty"},{"surface":"円","lemma":"円","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 出し","gloss":"yen"},{"surface":"出し","lemma":"出す","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 渡し","gloss":"took out"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 出し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"これ","lemma":"これ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of ついで","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking これ","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"ついで","lemma":"ついで","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 渡し","gloss":"occasion"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ついで","gloss":"along"},{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of 渡し","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"渡し","lemma":"渡す","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 云っ","gloss":"pass"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 渡し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"くれ","lemma":"くれる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"please"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 渡し","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 引き","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云っ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 云っ","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"異議","lemma":"異議","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with なく","gloss":"objection"},{"surface":"なく","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 引き","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"引き","lemma":"引く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 受け","gloss":"took"},{"surface":"受け","lemma":"受ける","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 受け","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":179,"label":"","id":"ch01-p15-s4","source":"二日立って新橋の停車場で分れたぎり兄にはその後一遍も逢わない。","translation":"Two days later, we parted at Shimbashi Station, and I haven't seen my brother once since.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p15-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"二","lemma":"二","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 日","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"日","lemma":"日","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 立っ","gloss":"days"},{"surface":"立っ","lemma":"立つ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 分れ","gloss":"passed"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 立っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"新橋","lemma":"新橋","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies 場","gloss":"Shimbashi"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 新橋","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"停車","lemma":"停車","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 場","gloss":"stopping"},{"surface":"場","lemma":"場","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 分れ","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 場","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"分れ","lemma":"分れる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 逢わ","gloss":"parted"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 分れ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"ぎり","lemma":"ぎり","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 分れ","gloss":"ever since"},{"surface":"兄","lemma":"兄","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 逢わ","gloss":"brother"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 兄","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 兄","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"その","lemma":"その","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 後","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"後","lemma":"後","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 逢わ","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"一","lemma":"一","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 遍","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"遍","lemma":"遍","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 逢わ","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 遍","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"逢わ","lemma":"逢う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"meet"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 逢わ","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":180,"label":"16","id":"ch01-p16-s1","source":"おれは六百円の使用法について寝ながら考えた。","translation":"I lay in bed thinking over what to do with the six hundred yen.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p16-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 考え","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"六百","lemma":"六百","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 円","gloss":"six hundred"},{"surface":"円","lemma":"円","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 法","gloss":"yen"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 円","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"使用","lemma":"使用","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 法","gloss":"use"},{"surface":"法","lemma":"法","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 考え","gloss":"method"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 法","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"つい","lemma":"つく","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase に","gloss":"concerning","note":"について (に + つく + て) is a fixed compound meaning \"concerning, about\"; the contextual sense sits on つい."},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase に","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"寝","lemma":"寝る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 考え","gloss":"lying down"},{"surface":"ながら","lemma":"ながら","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 寝","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"考え","lemma":"考える","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 考え","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":181,"label":"","id":"ch01-p16-s2","source":"商買をしたって面倒くさくって旨く出来るものじゃなし、ことに六百円の金で商買らしい商買がやれる訳でもなかろう。","translation":"Going into business would just be a bother and I'd never manage it well, and besides, six hundred yen was hardly enough to run any business worth the name.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p16-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"商","lemma":"商","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 買","gloss":"business"},{"surface":"買","lemma":"売","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of し","gloss":"trade","note":"商買 is a Meiji-era spelling variant of 商売 \"business\" (both read shōbai); 買 stands in for 売 here."},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 買","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 面倒くさく","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"たって","lemma":"たって","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of し","gloss":"even if"},{"surface":"面倒くさく","lemma":"面倒くさい","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"troublesome"},{"surface":"って","lemma":"って","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 面倒くさく","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"旨く","lemma":"旨い","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverb modifying 出来る","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"出来る","lemma":"出来る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"turns out"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of じゃ","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"じゃ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to もの","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"なし","lemma":"なし","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase じゃ","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"こと","lemma":"こと","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial modifier of やれる","gloss":"especially","note":"ことに is a fixed expression meaning \"especially, moreover\"."},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking こと","gloss":"(particle)"},{"surface":"六百","lemma":"六百","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 円","gloss":"six hundred"},{"surface":"円","lemma":"円","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 金","gloss":"yen"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 円","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"金","lemma":"金","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of やれる","gloss":"money"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 金","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"商","lemma":"商","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 買","gloss":"business"},{"surface":"買","lemma":"売","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 買","gloss":"trade"},{"surface":"らしい","lemma":"らしい","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 買","gloss":"real"},{"surface":"商","lemma":"商","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 買","gloss":"business"},{"surface":"買","lemma":"売","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of やれる","gloss":"trade"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 買","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"やれる","lemma":"やれる","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 訳","gloss":"can run"},{"surface":"訳","lemma":"訳","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"sense"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 訳","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"なかろう","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"probably not"}]},{"number":182,"label":"","id":"ch01-p16-s3","source":"よしやれるとしても、今のようじゃ人の前へ出て教育を受けたと威張れないからつまり損になるばかりだ。","translation":"Even if I could manage it, as things stood I couldn't stand before people and boast of having had an education, so in the end it would only work against me.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p16-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"よし","lemma":"よし","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial clause on やれる","gloss":"granted"},{"surface":"やれる","lemma":"やれる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on なる","gloss":"can manage"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking やれる","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase と","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase と","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking やれる","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"今","lemma":"今","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies よう","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 今","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"よう","lemma":"よう","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 威張れ","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"じゃ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to よう","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"人","lemma":"人","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 前","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 人","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"前","lemma":"前","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 出","gloss":"front"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 前","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"出","lemma":"出る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 受け","gloss":"go out"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 出","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"教育","lemma":"教育","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 受け","gloss":"education"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 教育","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"受け","lemma":"受ける","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 威張れ","gloss":"received"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 受け","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 受け","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"威張れ","lemma":"威張れる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on なる","gloss":"could boast"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 威張れ","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 威張れ","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"つまり","lemma":"つまり","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies なる","gloss":"in the end"},{"surface":"損","lemma":"損","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of なる","gloss":"loss"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 損","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"なる","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"ばかり","lemma":"ばかり","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of なる","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なる","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":183,"label":"","id":"ch01-p16-s4","source":"資本などはどうでもいいから、これを学資にして勉強してやろう。","translation":"Never mind capital — I'd use it as school money instead and go on studying.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p16-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"資本","lemma":"資本","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of どう","gloss":"capital"},{"surface":"など","lemma":"など","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 資本","gloss":"and such"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 資本","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"どう","lemma":"どう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies いい","gloss":"how","note":"どうでもいい is a fixed phrase, \"whatever, it doesn't matter\"."},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"particle marking どう","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"いい","lemma":"いい","morphology":"adjective","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"fine"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of どう","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"これ","lemma":"これ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of し","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking これ","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"学資","lemma":"学資","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of し","gloss":"school money"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学資","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 勉強","gloss":"make"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"勉強","lemma":"勉強","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on やろう","gloss":"study"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 勉強","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 勉強","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"やろう","lemma":"やる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I'll do"}]},{"number":184,"label":"","id":"ch01-p16-s5","source":"六百円を三に割って一年に二百円ずつ使えば三年間は勉強が出来る。","translation":"Splitting six hundred yen three ways, at two hundred a year, I could study for three years.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p16-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"六百","lemma":"六百","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 円","gloss":"six hundred"},{"surface":"円","lemma":"円","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 割っ","gloss":"yen"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 円","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"三","lemma":"三","morphology":"numeral","role":"oblique complement of 割っ","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 三","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"割っ","lemma":"割る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 使え","gloss":"splitting"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 割っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"一","lemma":"一","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 年","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"年","lemma":"年","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 使え","gloss":"year"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 年","gloss":"per"},{"surface":"二百","lemma":"二百","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 円","gloss":"two hundred"},{"surface":"円","lemma":"円","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 使え","gloss":"yen"},{"surface":"ずつ","lemma":"ずつ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 円","gloss":"each"},{"surface":"使え","lemma":"使う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 出来る","gloss":"use"},{"surface":"ば","lemma":"ば","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 使え","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"三","lemma":"三","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 年間","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"年間","lemma":"年間","morphology":"noun","role":"depends on 出来る","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 年間","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"勉強","lemma":"勉強","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 出来る","gloss":"study"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 勉強","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"出来る","lemma":"出来る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"can"}]},{"number":185,"label":"","id":"ch01-p16-s6","source":"三年間一生懸命にやれば何か出来る。","translation":"If I worked at it hard for three years, I'd surely come out as something.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p16-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"三","lemma":"三","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 年間","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"年間","lemma":"年間","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of やれ","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"一生","lemma":"一生","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 懸命","gloss":"utmost"},{"surface":"懸命","lemma":"懸命","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on やれ","gloss":"hard"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 懸命","gloss":"(particle)"},{"surface":"やれ","lemma":"やる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 出来る","gloss":"work"},{"surface":"ば","lemma":"ば","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of やれ","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of 出来る","gloss":"something"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"(particle)"},{"surface":"出来る","lemma":"出来る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"become"}]},{"number":186,"label":"","id":"ch01-p16-s7","source":"それからどこの学校へはいろうと考えたが、学問は生来どれもこれも好きでない。","translation":"Then I turned to thinking which school I'd enter, but by nature I didn't care for any field of study at all.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p16-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"それ","lemma":"それ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of 考え","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase それ","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"どこ","lemma":"どこ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 学校","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking どこ","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"学校","lemma":"学校","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of はいろう","gloss":"school"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学校","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"はいろう","lemma":"はいる","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 考え","gloss":"I'd enter"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking はいろう","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"考え","lemma":"考える","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of first clause","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 考え","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 考え","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"学問","lemma":"学問","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 好き","gloss":"studies"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学問","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"生来","lemma":"生来","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 好き","gloss":"by nature"},{"surface":"どれ","lemma":"どれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 好き","gloss":"which","note":"どれもこれも is a fixed idiom, \"any and every one (of them)\"."},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking どれ","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"これ","lemma":"これ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 好き","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking これ","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"好き","lemma":"好き","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"fond"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 好き","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":187,"label":"","id":"ch01-p16-s8","source":"ことに語学とか文学とか云うものは真平ご免だ。","translation":"Languages, literature, that sort of thing especially — no thank you.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p16-s8.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"真平ご免","title":"「真平ご免だ」","body":"「真平ご免」 まっぴらごめん (mappira gomen) — 'absolutely not, no thank you, I flatly refuse'. A stock idiom of blunt refusal that fits Botchan's brusque narration."}],"words":[{"surface":"こと","lemma":"こと","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial modifier of ご免","gloss":"especially","note":"ことに is a fixed expression meaning \"especially, moreover\"."},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking こと","gloss":"(particle)"},{"surface":"語","lemma":"語","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 学","gloss":"language"},{"surface":"学","lemma":"学","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 語","gloss":"study"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"文学","lemma":"文学","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 云う","gloss":"literature"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 文学","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 文学","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"called"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ご免","gloss":"things"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もの","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"真平","lemma":"真平","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with ご免","gloss":"flatly"},{"surface":"ご免","lemma":"ご免","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"no thanks"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to ご免","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":188,"label":"","id":"ch01-p16-s9","source":"新体詩などと来ては二十行あるうちで一行も分らない。","translation":"As for the new-style poetry, out of twenty lines I couldn't make sense of even one.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p16-s9.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"新体","lemma":"新体","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 詩","gloss":"new-style"},{"surface":"詩","lemma":"詩","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 来","gloss":"poetry"},{"surface":"など","lemma":"など","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 詩","gloss":"and such"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 詩","gloss":"regarding"},{"surface":"来","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 分ら","gloss":"comes"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 来","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 来","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"二十","lemma":"二十","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 行","gloss":"twenty"},{"surface":"行","lemma":"行","morphology":"noun","role":"clause modifying うち","gloss":"lines"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying うち","gloss":"there are"},{"surface":"うち","lemma":"うち","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 分ら","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking うち","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"一行","lemma":"一行","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 分ら","gloss":"one line"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 一行","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"分ら","lemma":"分る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 分ら","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":189,"label":"","id":"ch01-p16-s10","source":"どうせ嫌いなものなら何をやっても同じ事だと思ったが、幸い物理学校の前を通り掛ったら生徒募集の広告が出ていたから、何も縁だと思って規則書をもらってすぐ入学の手続きをしてしまった。","translation":"If I disliked everything equally anyway, I figured it hardly mattered which I picked, and as luck would have it, passing by the physics school one day I saw a notice recruiting students, so I decided it must be fate, picked up their prospectus, and went straight ahead and enrolled.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p16-s10.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"どうせ","lemma":"どうせ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 嫌い","gloss":"anyway"},{"surface":"嫌い","lemma":"嫌い","morphology":"noun","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"disliked"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 嫌い","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"complement of なら","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"なら","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to もの","gloss":"if it were"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of やっ","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"やっ","lemma":"やる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 思っ","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 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学校","gloss":"physics"},{"surface":"学校","lemma":"学校","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 前","gloss":"school"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学校","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"前","lemma":"前","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 通り","gloss":"front"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 前","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"通り","lemma":"通る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 出","gloss":"passed"},{"surface":"掛っ","lemma":"掛る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 出","gloss":"happened to"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 掛っ","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"生徒","lemma":"生徒","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 募集","gloss":"students"},{"surface":"募集","lemma":"募集","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 広告","gloss":"recruiting"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 募集","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"広告","lemma":"広告","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 出","gloss":"notice"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 広告","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"出","lemma":"出る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on し","gloss":"was out"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 出","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 出","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 縁","gloss":"whatever"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"縁","lemma":"縁","morphology":"noun","role":"clausal complement of 思っ","gloss":"fate"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 縁","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 縁","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"思っ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on もらっ","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 思っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"規則","lemma":"規則","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 書","gloss":"rules"},{"surface":"書","lemma":"書","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of もらっ","gloss":"booklet"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 書","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"もらっ","lemma":"もらう","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on し","gloss":"got"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of もらっ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"すぐ","lemma":"すぐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies し","gloss":"right away"},{"surface":"入学","lemma":"入学","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 手続き","gloss":"enrollment"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 入学","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"手続き","lemma":"手続き","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of し","gloss":"procedures"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 手続き","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"しまっ","lemma":"しまう","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"went ahead"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of し","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":190,"label":"","id":"ch01-p16-s11","source":"今考えるとこれも親譲りの無鉄砲から起った失策だ。","translation":"Thinking about it now, this too was a blunder born of that same recklessness I inherited from my father.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p16-s11.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"今","lemma":"今","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 考える","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"考える","lemma":"考える","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 起っ","gloss":"think"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 考える","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"これ","lemma":"これ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 起っ","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking これ","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"親","lemma":"親","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 譲り","gloss":"parent"},{"surface":"譲り","lemma":"譲り","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 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as the next fellow, but since I was never especially good at it, it was always more convenient to count my class rank from the bottom.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p17-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"三","lemma":"三","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 年間","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"年間","lemma":"年間","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of し","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"まあ","lemma":"まあ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies し","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"人並","lemma":"人並","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on し","gloss":"average"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 人並","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"勉強","lemma":"勉強","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of し","gloss":"studying"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 勉強","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"predicate on 勉強","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of し","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of し","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"別段","lemma":"別段","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies いい","gloss":"particularly"},{"surface":"たち","lemma":"たち","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of いい","gloss":"nature"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking たち","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"いい","lemma":"いい","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 方","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"方","lemma":"方","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 便利","gloss":"type"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 方","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"either"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 方","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"席順","lemma":"席順","morphology":"noun","role":"depends on 便利","gloss":"class rank"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 席順","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"いつ","lemma":"いつ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of 勘定","gloss":"any time"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking いつ","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking いつ","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"下","lemma":"下","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 勘定","gloss":"bottom"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 下","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"勘定","lemma":"勘定","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 方","gloss":"counting"},{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 勘定","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"方","lemma":"方","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 便利","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 方","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"便利","lemma":"便利","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"convenient"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 便利","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"あっ","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 便利","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":192,"label":"","id":"ch01-p17-s2","source":"しかし不思議なもので、三年立ったらとうとう卒業してしまった。","translation":"Yet, strange as it is, when the three years were up I somehow ended up graduating after all.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p17-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"しかし","lemma":"しかし","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"不思議","lemma":"不思議","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"strange"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 不思議","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 卒業","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to もの","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"三","lemma":"三","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 年","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"年","lemma":"年","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 立っ","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"立っ","lemma":"立つ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 卒業","gloss":"passed"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 立っ","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"とうとう","lemma":"とうとう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 卒業","gloss":"finally"},{"surface":"卒業","lemma":"卒業","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"graduated"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 卒業","gloss":"(did)"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 卒業","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"しまっ","lemma":"しまう","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"ended up"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 卒業","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":193,"label":"","id":"ch01-p17-s3","source":"自分でも可笑しいと思ったが苦情を云う訳もないから大人しく卒業しておいた。","translation":"I found it funny myself, but since there was no reason to complain, I graduated quietly and left it at that.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p17-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"自分","lemma":"自分","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 可笑しい","gloss":"myself"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 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ない","gloss":"reason"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 訳","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 卒業","gloss":"none"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ない","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"大人しく","lemma":"大人しい","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 卒業","gloss":"quietly"},{"surface":"卒業","lemma":"卒業","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"graduated"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 卒業","gloss":"(did)"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 卒業","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"おい","lemma":"おく","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"left it"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 卒業","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":194,"label":"18","id":"ch01-p18-s1","source":"卒業してから八日目に校長が呼びに来たから、何か用だろうと思って、出掛けて行ったら、四国辺のある中学校で数学の教師が入る。","translation":"Eight days after graduation the principal sent for me, and thinking it must be about something, I went along, and it turned out a certain middle school somewhere in Shikoku needed a mathematics teacher.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p18-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"卒業","lemma":"卒業","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 来","gloss":"graduating"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 卒業","gloss":"(did)"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 卒業","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 卒業","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"八","lemma":"八","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 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conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 掛け","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"行っ","lemma":"行く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 入る","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 行っ","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"四国","lemma":"四国","morphology":"proper noun","role":"compound with 辺","gloss":"Shikoku"},{"surface":"辺","lemma":"辺","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies ある","gloss":"area"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 辺","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 学校","gloss":"a certain"},{"surface":"中","lemma":"中","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 学校","gloss":"middle"},{"surface":"学校","lemma":"学校","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 入る","gloss":"school"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学校","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"数学","lemma":"数学","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 教師","gloss":"mathematics"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 数学","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"教師","lemma":"教師","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 入る","gloss":"teacher"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 教師","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"入る","lemma":"入る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was needed"}]},{"number":195,"label":"","id":"ch01-p18-s2","source":"月給は四十円だが、行ってはどうだという相談である。","translation":"The salary was forty yen a month, and the question was whether I'd like to go.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p18-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"月給","lemma":"月給","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 円","gloss":"salary"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 月給","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"四十","lemma":"四十","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 円","gloss":"forty"},{"surface":"円","lemma":"円","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 相談","gloss":"yen"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 円","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 円","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"行っ","lemma":"行く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on どう","gloss":"going"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 行っ","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 行っ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"どう","lemma":"どう","morphology":"adverb","role":"clause modifying 相談","gloss":"how about"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of どう","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking どう","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"いう","lemma":"いう","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase と","gloss":"called"},{"surface":"相談","lemma":"相談","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"question"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 相談","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":196,"label":"","id":"ch01-p18-s3","source":"おれは三年間学問はしたが実を云うと教師になる気も、田舎へ行く考えも何もなかった。","translation":"I had studied for three years, but to tell the truth I'd had no notion of becoming a teacher, nor any thought of going out to the countryside.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p18-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"topic, subject of なかっ","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"三","lemma":"三","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 年間","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"年間","lemma":"年間","morphology":"noun","role":"time adverbial, modifies し","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"学問","lemma":"学問","morphology":"noun","role":"topicalized object of し","gloss":"studies"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学問","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"verb of clause contrasted by が","gloss":"studied"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of し","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces contrast with なかっ","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"実","lemma":"実","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 云う","gloss":"truth"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 実","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"conditional clause modifying なかっ","gloss":"tell","note":"実を云うと = idiom 'to tell the truth'"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces conditional clause of 云う","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"教師","lemma":"教師","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of なる","gloss":"teacher"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 教師","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"なる","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 気","gloss":"becoming"},{"surface":"気","lemma":"気","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of なかっ","gloss":"notion"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 気","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"田舎","lemma":"田舎","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 行く","gloss":"countryside"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 田舎","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"行く","lemma":"行く","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 考え","gloss":"going"},{"surface":"考え","lemma":"考え","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of なかっ","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 考え","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of なかっ","gloss":"anything"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"なかっ","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"main predicate, negation","gloss":"there wasn't"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なかっ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":197,"label":"","id":"ch01-p18-s4","source":"もっとも教師以外に何をしようと云うあてもなかったから、この相談を受けた時、行きましょうと即席に返事をした。","translation":"Then again, I had no other prospect in mind besides teaching, so when the offer came I answered on the spot, all right, I'll go.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p18-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"もっとも","lemma":"もっとも","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"then again"},{"surface":"教師","lemma":"教師","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 以外","gloss":"teaching"},{"surface":"以外","lemma":"以外","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of しよう","gloss":"besides"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 以外","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of しよう","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"しよう","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying あて","gloss":"would do"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"marks quote before 云う","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"modifies あて","gloss":"called"},{"surface":"あて","lemma":"あて","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of なかっ","gloss":"prospect"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking あて","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"なかっ","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"predicate of causal clause (から)","gloss":"there wasn't"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なかっ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces causal clause, modifies し","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 相談","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"相談","lemma":"相談","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 受け","gloss":"offer"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 相談","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"受け","lemma":"受ける","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 時","gloss":"received"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 受け","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"時","lemma":"時","morphology":"noun","role":"temporal clause modifying し","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"行き","lemma":"行く","morphology":"verb","role":"quoted clause, complement of し","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"ましょう","lemma":"ます","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 行き","gloss":"I'll"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"marks quote before し","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"即席","lemma":"即席","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of し","gloss":"on the spot"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 即席","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"返事","lemma":"返事","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of し","gloss":"answer"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 返事","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"gave"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of し","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":198,"label":"","id":"ch01-p18-s5","source":"これも親譲りの無鉄砲が祟ったのである。","translation":"This too was the curse of that recklessness inherited from my father.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p18-s5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"祟った","title":"「祟る」","body":"「祟る」 たたる (tataru) — for a curse, grudge, or wrongdoing to come back and cause harm later. Botchan blames his father's inherited recklessness (無鉄砲) as the 'curse' behind his own rash decisions — the same word from the opening line, echoed here."}],"words":[{"surface":"これ","lemma":"これ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"topic, referred to by のである","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking これ","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"親","lemma":"親","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 譲り","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"譲り","lemma":"譲り","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 無鉄砲","gloss":"inherited"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 譲り","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"無鉄砲","lemma":"無鉄砲","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 祟っ","gloss":"recklessness"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 無鉄砲","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"祟っ","lemma":"祟る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"cursed"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 祟っ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"nominalizes 祟っ, subject of である","gloss":"the fact that"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula, part of のである","gloss":"(copula)"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of phrase で","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":199,"label":"19","id":"ch01-p19-s1","source":"引き受けた以上は赴任せねばならぬ。","translation":"Having accepted, I had no choice but to take up the post.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p19-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"引き","lemma":"引く","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with 受け, clause modifying 以上","gloss":"took"},{"surface":"受け","lemma":"受ける","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with 引き, clause modifying 以上","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 受け","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"以上","lemma":"以上","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial 'since', modifies なら","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 以上","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"赴任","lemma":"赴任","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on なら","gloss":"take up the post"},{"surface":"せ","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 赴任","gloss":"(do)"},{"surface":"ね","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 赴任","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ば","lemma":"ば","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 赴任","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"なら","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"must","note":"ねばならぬ = idiom 'must'"},{"surface":"ぬ","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なら","gloss":"(negation)"}]},{"number":200,"label":"","id":"ch01-p19-s2","source":"この三年間は四畳半に蟄居して小言はただの一度も聞いた事がない。","translation":"For those three years, cooped up in a four-and-a-half-mat room, I hadn't been scolded even once.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p19-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"蟄居","title":"「蟄居」","body":"「蟄居」 ちっきょ (chikkyo) — to shut oneself away, live in seclusion; historically a genteel house-arrest punishment for samurai. Using it for his own three years of quiet cramming is a wry, mock-heroic touch."}],"words":[{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 年間","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"三","lemma":"三","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 年間","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"年間","lemma":"年間","morphology":"noun","role":"topic, temporal adverbial","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 年間","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"四","lemma":"四","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 畳","gloss":"four"},{"surface":"畳","lemma":"畳","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 半","gloss":"mat"},{"surface":"半","lemma":"半","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 蟄居","gloss":"and a half"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 半","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"蟄居","lemma":"蟄居","morphology":"verb","role":"clause linked to 聞い by て","gloss":"cooped up"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 蟄居","gloss":"(did)"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"links 蟄居 to 聞い","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"小言","lemma":"小言","morphology":"noun","role":"topicalized object of 聞い","gloss":"scolding"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 小言","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"ただ","lemma":"ただ","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 一度","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ただ","gloss":"(of)"},{"surface":"一度","lemma":"一度","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 聞い","gloss":"once"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 一度","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"聞い","lemma":"聞く","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 事","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 聞い","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ない","gloss":"experience"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 事","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"main predicate, negation","gloss":"there is none"}]},{"number":201,"label":"","id":"ch01-p19-s3","source":"喧嘩もせずに済んだ。","translation":"I'd gotten through them without fighting, too.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p19-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"喧嘩","lemma":"喧嘩","morphology":"noun","role":"topicalized object of せ","gloss":"fighting"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 喧嘩","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"せ","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 済ん","gloss":"doing"},{"surface":"ず","lemma":"ず","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of せ","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking せ","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"済ん","lemma":"済む","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"got through"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 済ん","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":202,"label":"","id":"ch01-p19-s4","source":"おれの生涯のうちでは比較的呑気な時節であった。","translation":"Of my whole life so far, it was a comparatively easy-going stretch.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p19-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies うち","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"生涯","lemma":"生涯","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies うち","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 生涯","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"うち","lemma":"うち","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 時節","gloss":"within"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking うち","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking うち","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"比較","lemma":"比較","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 呑気","gloss":"compar-"},{"surface":"的","lemma":"的","morphology":"suffix","role":"forms adverb 比較的","gloss":"-atively"},{"surface":"呑気","lemma":"呑気","morphology":"noun","role":"clause modifying 時節","gloss":"easygoing"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 呑気","gloss":"(attributive)"},{"surface":"時節","lemma":"時節","morphology":"noun","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"period"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula","gloss":"(copula)"},{"surface":"あっ","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 時節","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":203,"label":"","id":"ch01-p19-s5","source":"しかしこうなると四畳半も引き払わなければならん。","translation":"But now, as things stood, I'd have to give up even that four-and-a-half-mat room.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p19-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"しかし","lemma":"しかし","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"こう","lemma":"こう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies なる","gloss":"this way"},{"surface":"なる","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 引き","gloss":"becoming"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of なる","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"四","lemma":"四","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 半","gloss":"four"},{"surface":"畳","lemma":"畳","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 半","gloss":"mat"},{"surface":"半","lemma":"半","morphology":"noun","role":"topicalized object of 払わ","gloss":"and a half"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 半","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"引き","lemma":"引く","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with 払わ","gloss":"gave"},{"surface":"払わ","lemma":"払う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"なけれ","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 払わ","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"ば","lemma":"ば","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase なけれ","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"なら","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase なけれ","gloss":"(must)"},{"surface":"ん","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase なけれ","gloss":"(negation)","note":"なければならん = idiom 'must'"}]},{"number":204,"label":"","id":"ch01-p19-s6","source":"生れてから東京以外に踏み出したのは、同級生と一所に鎌倉へ遠足した時ばかりである。","translation":"Since the day I was born, the only time I'd ever set foot outside Tokyo was a class excursion to Kamakura with my schoolmates.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p19-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"生れ","lemma":"生れる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 出し","gloss":"was born"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 生れ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 生れ","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"東京","lemma":"東京","morphology":"proper noun","role":"compound with 以外","gloss":"Tokyo"},{"surface":"以外","lemma":"以外","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 踏み出し","gloss":"outside"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 以外","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"踏み","lemma":"踏む","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with 出し, clause modifying 時","gloss":"set"},{"surface":"出し","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with 踏み, clause modifying 時","gloss":"foot"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出し","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"nominalizes 出し, topic","gloss":"the time that"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 出し","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"同級","lemma":"同級","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 生","gloss":"same-class"},{"surface":"生","lemma":"生","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 遠足","gloss":"schoolmates"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 生","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"一所","lemma":"一所","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial clause on 遠足","gloss":"together"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 一所","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"鎌倉","lemma":"鎌倉","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of 遠足","gloss":"Kamakura"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 鎌倉","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"遠足","lemma":"遠足","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 時","gloss":"excursion"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 遠足","gloss":"went on"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 遠足","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"時","lemma":"時","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"ばかり","lemma":"ばかり","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 時","gloss":"(copula)"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"was"}]},{"number":205,"label":"","id":"ch01-p19-s7","source":"今度は鎌倉どころではない。","translation":"This time it was nothing so tame as Kamakura.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p19-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"今度","lemma":"今度","morphology":"noun","role":"topic","gloss":"this time"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 今度","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"鎌倉","lemma":"鎌倉","morphology":"proper noun","role":"compound with どころ","gloss":"Kamakura"},{"surface":"どころ","lemma":"どころ","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"far from","note":"〜どころではない = idiom, 'far from being just X'"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to どころ","gloss":"(copula)"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking で","gloss":"(emphasis)"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"main predicate, negation","gloss":"isn't"}]},{"number":206,"label":"","id":"ch01-p19-s8","source":"大変な遠くへ行かねばならぬ。","translation":"I had to go a tremendous distance away.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p19-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"大変","lemma":"大変","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 遠く","gloss":"tremendous"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 大変","gloss":"(attributive)"},{"surface":"遠く","lemma":"遠く","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 行か","gloss":"distant place"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 遠く","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"行か","lemma":"行く","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"ね","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 行か","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ば","lemma":"ば","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 行か","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"なら","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase ば","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"ぬ","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase ば","gloss":"(negation)"}]},{"number":207,"label":"","id":"ch01-p19-s9","source":"地図で見ると海浜で針の先ほど小さく見える。","translation":"On the map it was a spot by the sea, no bigger than the point of a needle.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p19-s9.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"地図","lemma":"地図","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 見る","gloss":"map"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 地図","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"見る","lemma":"見る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 見える","gloss":"look"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 見る","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"海浜","lemma":"海浜","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 見える","gloss":"seaside"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 海浜","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"針","lemma":"針","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 先","gloss":"needle"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 針","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"先","lemma":"先","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 見える","gloss":"point"},{"surface":"ほど","lemma":"ほど","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 先","gloss":"as ... as"},{"surface":"小さく","lemma":"小さい","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 見える","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"見える","lemma":"見える","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"looks"}]},{"number":208,"label":"","id":"ch01-p19-s10","source":"どうせ碌な所ではあるまい。","translation":"It couldn't possibly be much of a place.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p19-s10.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"どうせ","lemma":"どうせ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 所","gloss":"anyway"},{"surface":"碌な","lemma":"碌な","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 所","gloss":"decent"},{"surface":"所","lemma":"所","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 所","gloss":"(copula)"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 所","gloss":"(emphasis)"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase は","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"まい","lemma":"まい","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase は","gloss":"probably not","note":"碌な〜まい = idiom, 'probably not much of a...'"}]},{"number":209,"label":"","id":"ch01-p19-s11","source":"どんな町で、どんな人が住んでるか分らん。","translation":"What kind of town it was, what kind of people lived there, I had no idea.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p19-s11.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"どんな","lemma":"どんな","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 町","gloss":"what kind of"},{"surface":"町","lemma":"町","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 分ら","gloss":"town"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 町","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"どんな","lemma":"どんな","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 人","gloss":"what kind of"},{"surface":"人","lemma":"人","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 住ん","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 人","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"住ん","lemma":"住む","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 分ら","gloss":"lived"},{"surface":"でる","lemma":"でる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 住ん","gloss":"(progressive)"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 住ん","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"分ら","lemma":"分る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"ん","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 分ら","gloss":"didn't"}]},{"number":210,"label":"","id":"ch01-p19-s12","source":"分らんでも困らない。","translation":"Not knowing didn't trouble me.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p19-s12.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"分ら","lemma":"分る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 困ら","gloss":"not knowing"},{"surface":"ん","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 分ら","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 分ら","gloss":"even if"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 分ら","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"困ら","lemma":"困る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"trouble"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 困ら","gloss":"didn't"}]},{"number":211,"label":"","id":"ch01-p19-s13","source":"心配にはならぬ。","translation":"I felt no anxiety about it.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p19-s13.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"心配","lemma":"心配","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of なら","gloss":"worry"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 心配","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 心配","gloss":"(emphasis)"},{"surface":"なら","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"ぬ","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なら","gloss":"didn't"}]},{"number":212,"label":"","id":"ch01-p19-s14","source":"ただ行くばかりである。","translation":"There was nothing to do but go.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p19-s14.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ただ","lemma":"ただ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 行く","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"行く","lemma":"行く","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"ばかり","lemma":"ばかり","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 行く","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 行く","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"exists"}]},{"number":213,"label":"","id":"ch01-p19-s15","source":"もっとも少々面倒臭い。","translation":"Though I'll admit it was a bit of a nuisance.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p19-s15.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"もっとも","lemma":"もっとも","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 面倒臭い","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"少々","lemma":"少々","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 面倒臭い","gloss":"a bit"},{"surface":"面倒臭い","lemma":"面倒臭い","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"bothersome"}]},{"number":214,"label":"20","id":"ch01-p20-s1","source":"家を畳んでからも清の所へは折々行った。","translation":"Even after we'd broken up the household, I visited Kiyo now and then.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p20-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"家","lemma":"家","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 畳ん","gloss":"household"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 家","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"畳ん","lemma":"畳む","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 行っ","gloss":"closed up"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"て","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 畳ん","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 畳ん","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 畳ん","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies 所","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"所","lemma":"所","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 行っ","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 所","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 所","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"折々","lemma":"折々","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 行っ","gloss":"now and then"},{"surface":"行っ","lemma":"行く","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 行っ","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":215,"label":"","id":"ch01-p20-s2","source":"清の甥というのは存外結構な人である。","translation":"Kiyo's nephew turned out to be a surprisingly decent fellow.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p20-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies 甥","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"甥","lemma":"甥","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 人","gloss":"nephew"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 甥","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"いう","lemma":"いう","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase と","gloss":"called"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 甥","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 甥","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"存外","lemma":"存外","morphology":"adverb","role":"compound with 結構","gloss":"surprisingly"},{"surface":"結構","lemma":"結構","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 人","gloss":"decent"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 結構","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"人","lemma":"人","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"person"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 人","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"exists"}]},{"number":216,"label":"","id":"ch01-p20-s3","source":"おれが行くたびに、居りさえすれば、何くれと款待なしてくれた。","translation":"Whenever I visited, if he happened to be in, he'd fuss over me with all sorts of hospitality.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p20-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 行く","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"行く","lemma":"行く","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying たび","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"たび","lemma":"たび","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 款待","gloss":"each time"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase たび","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"居り","lemma":"居る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on すれ","gloss":"was in"},{"surface":"さえ","lemma":"さえ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 居り","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"すれ","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 款待","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"ば","lemma":"ば","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of すれ","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"何くれ","lemma":"何くれ","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 款待","gloss":"various things"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何くれ","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"款待","lemma":"款待","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"entertained"},{"surface":"なし","lemma":"なす","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 款待","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 款待","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"くれ","lemma":"くれる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"for me"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 款待","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":217,"label":"","id":"ch01-p20-s4","source":"清はおれを前へ置いて、いろいろおれの自慢を甥に聞かせた。","translation":"Kiyo would sit me down in front of her and go on boasting about me to her nephew.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p20-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of 置い","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 置い","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"前","lemma":"前","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 置い","gloss":"front"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 前","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"置い","lemma":"置く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 聞か","gloss":"placed"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 置い","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"いろいろ","lemma":"いろいろ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 聞か","gloss":"all sorts of"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 自慢","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"自慢","lemma":"自慢","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 聞か","gloss":"boasting"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 自慢","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"甥","lemma":"甥","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 聞か","gloss":"nephew"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 甥","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"聞か","lemma":"聞く","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"listen"},{"surface":"せ","lemma":"せる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 聞か","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 聞か","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":218,"label":"","id":"ch01-p20-s5","source":"今に学校を卒業すると麹町辺へ屋敷を買って役所へ通うのだなどと吹聴した事もある。","translation":"She'd even go around announcing that once I graduated I'd buy a mansion somewhere around Kōjimachi and commute to some government office.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p20-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"今","lemma":"今","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 卒業","gloss":"soon"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 今","gloss":"(particle)"},{"surface":"学校","lemma":"学校","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 卒業","gloss":"school"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学校","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"卒業","lemma":"卒業","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 買っ","gloss":"graduate"},{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 卒業","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 卒業","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"麹町","lemma":"麹町","morphology":"proper noun","role":"compound with 辺","gloss":"Kōjimachi"},{"surface":"辺","lemma":"辺","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 買っ","gloss":"area"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 辺","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"屋敷","lemma":"屋敷","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 買っ","gloss":"mansion"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 屋敷","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"買っ","lemma":"買う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 通う","gloss":"buy"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 買っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"役所","lemma":"役所","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 通う","gloss":"office"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 役所","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"通う","lemma":"通う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 吹聴","gloss":"commute"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 通う","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase の","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"など","lemma":"など","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 通う","gloss":"and so on"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 通う","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"吹聴","lemma":"吹聴","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 事","gloss":"announced"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 吹聴","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 吹聴","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"occasion"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase 事","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with 事","gloss":"there were"}]},{"number":219,"label":"","id":"ch01-p20-s6","source":"独りで極めて一人で喋舌るから、こっちは困まって顔を赤くした。","translation":"She decided all this on her own and chattered on all on her own, so I sat there red-faced with embarrassment.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p20-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"独り","lemma":"独り","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 極めて","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 独り","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"極めて","lemma":"極める","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 喋舌る","gloss":"decided"},{"surface":"一人","lemma":"一人","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 喋舌る","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 一人","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"喋舌る","lemma":"喋舌る","morphology":"verb","role":"verb of the clause with から","gloss":"chatters"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 喋舌る","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"こっち","lemma":"こっち","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 赤く","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking こっち","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"困まっ","lemma":"困る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 赤く","gloss":"was embarrassed","note":"困まる is an old spelling of the standard verb 困る."},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 困まっ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"顔","lemma":"顔","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 赤く","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 顔","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"赤く","lemma":"赤い","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"red"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 赤く","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 赤く","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":220,"label":"","id":"ch01-p20-s7","source":"それも一度や二度ではない。","translation":"And this wasn't once or twice, either.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p20-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"それ","lemma":"それ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 度","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking それ","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"一度","lemma":"一度","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 度","gloss":"once"},{"surface":"や","lemma":"や","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 一度","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"二","lemma":"二","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 度","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"度","lemma":"度","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 度","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":221,"label":"","id":"ch01-p20-s8","source":"折々おれが小さい時寝小便をした事まで持ち出すには閉口した。","translation":"At times she even brought up how I used to wet the bed as a small child, which I found utterly mortifying.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p20-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"折々","lemma":"折々","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 閉口","gloss":"at times"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 小さい","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"小さい","lemma":"小さい","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on し","gloss":"young"},{"surface":"時","lemma":"時","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of し","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"寝","lemma":"寝る","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 小便","gloss":"bed"},{"surface":"小便","lemma":"小便","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of し","gloss":"wetting"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 小便","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 事","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of し","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 閉口","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"まで","lemma":"まで","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 事","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"持ち","lemma":"持つ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 閉口","gloss":"bring"},{"surface":"出す","lemma":"出す","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 閉口","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 出す","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 出す","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"閉口","lemma":"閉口","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was mortifying"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 閉口","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 閉口","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":222,"label":"","id":"ch01-p20-s9","source":"甥は何と思って清の自慢を聞いていたか分らぬ。","translation":"What the nephew made of Kiyo's boasting, I couldn't say.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p20-s9.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"甥","lemma":"甥","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 聞い","gloss":"nephew"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 甥","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of 思っ","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"思っ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 聞い","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 思っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies 自慢","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"自慢","lemma":"自慢","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 聞い","gloss":"boasting"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 自慢","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"聞い","lemma":"聞く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 分ら","gloss":"listened to"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 聞い","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 聞い","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 聞い","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"分ら","lemma":"分る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"ぬ","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 分ら","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":223,"label":"","id":"ch01-p20-s10","source":"ただ清は昔風の女だから、自分とおれの関係を封建時代の主従のように考えていた。","translation":"But Kiyo, being a woman of the old school, thought of her relationship with me as that of a feudal-era retainer and master.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p20-s10.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ただ","lemma":"ただ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 女","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of 女","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"昔","lemma":"昔","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 女","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"風","lemma":"風","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 昔","gloss":"style"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 昔","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"女","lemma":"女","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 考え","gloss":"woman"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 女","gloss":"being"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 女","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"自分","lemma":"自分","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies おれ","gloss":"herself"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 自分","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 関係","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"関係","lemma":"関係","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 考え","gloss":"relationship"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 関係","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"封建","lemma":"封建","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 時代","gloss":"feudal"},{"surface":"時代","lemma":"時代","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 主従","gloss":"era"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時代","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"主従","lemma":"主従","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies よう","gloss":"master-retainer"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 主従","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"よう","lemma":"よう","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 考え","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to よう","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"考え","lemma":"考える","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"regarded"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 考え","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 考え","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":224,"label":"","id":"ch01-p20-s11","source":"自分の主人なら甥のためにも主人に相違ないと合点したものらしい。","translation":"She seemed to have decided that if I was her master, then I must be her nephew's master too.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p20-s11.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"自分","lemma":"自分","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 主人","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 自分","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"主人","lemma":"主人","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on ない","gloss":"master"},{"surface":"なら","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 主人","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"甥","lemma":"甥","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies ため","gloss":"nephew"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 甥","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"ため","lemma":"ため","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of ない","gloss":"sake"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ため","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ため","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"主人","lemma":"主人","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of ない","gloss":"master"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 主人","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"相違","lemma":"相違","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with ない","gloss":"mistake"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 合点","gloss":"there's no"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ない","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"合点","lemma":"合点","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"concluded"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 合点","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 合点","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"らしい","lemma":"らしい","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to もの","gloss":"seemed"}]},{"number":225,"label":"","id":"ch01-p20-s12","source":"甥こそいい面の皮だ。","translation":"Which really put the poor nephew in an awkward spot.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p20-s12.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"面の皮","title":"「いい面の皮だ」 idiom","body":"「いい面の皮」 — literally 'quite a face(-skin) [to have to make]', an idiom for being put in an awkward or embarrassing position through no fault of one's own — here, the nephew stuck listening to Kiyo's boasting."}],"words":[{"surface":"甥","lemma":"甥","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of いい","gloss":"nephew"},{"surface":"こそ","lemma":"こそ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 甥","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"いい","lemma":"いい","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 面の皮","gloss":"quite a"},{"surface":"面の皮","lemma":"面の皮","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"awkward position","note":"Idiom: literally \"the skin of one's face\"; いい面の皮 means being made a fool of or put on the spot."},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 面の皮","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":226,"label":"21","id":"ch01-p21-s1","source":"いよいよ約束が極まって、もう立つと云う三日前に清を尋ねたら、北向きの三畳に風邪を引いて寝ていた。","translation":"When it was finally settled and only three days remained before I left, I went to see Kiyo and found her laid up with a cold in her north-facing three-mat room.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p21-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"いよいよ","lemma":"いよいよ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 極まっ","gloss":"finally"},{"surface":"約束","lemma":"約束","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 極まっ","gloss":"arrangement"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 約束","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"極まっ","lemma":"極まる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 尋ね","gloss":"was settled"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 極まっ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"もう","lemma":"もう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 立つ","gloss":"soon"},{"surface":"立つ","lemma":"立つ","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 云う","gloss":"leave"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 立つ","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 前","gloss":"called"},{"surface":"三","lemma":"三","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 前","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"日","lemma":"日","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 前","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"前","lemma":"前","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 尋ね","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 前","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"清","lemma":"清","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of 尋ね","gloss":"Kiyo"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 清","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"尋ね","lemma":"尋ねる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 寝","gloss":"visited"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 尋ね","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"北向き","lemma":"北向き","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 畳","gloss":"north-facing"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 北向き","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"三","lemma":"三","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 畳","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"畳","lemma":"畳","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 寝","gloss":"mats"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 畳","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"風邪","lemma":"風邪","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 引い","gloss":"cold"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 風邪","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"引い","lemma":"引く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 寝","gloss":"caught"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 引い","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"寝","lemma":"寝る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lying down"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 寝","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 寝","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":227,"label":"","id":"ch01-p21-s2","source":"おれの来たのを見て起き直るが早いか、坊っちゃんいつ家をお持ちなさいますと聞いた。","translation":"The moment she saw I'd come she sat straight up and asked, young master, when will you get a house of your own.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p21-s2.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"坊っちゃん","title":"「坊っちゃん」","body":"「坊っちゃん」 ぼっちゃん (botchan) — 'young master'; an affectionate-respectful term a servant uses for the son of the house. This is the word that gives the novel its title. Kiyo is the first and warmest to use it — later in the book other characters (teachers at his new school) call him 「坊っちゃん」 too, but more mockingly."}],"words":[{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 来","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"来","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"direct object of 見","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 来","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 来","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 来","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"見","lemma":"見る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 起き","gloss":"saw"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 見","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"起き","lemma":"起きる","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with 直る","gloss":"got up"},{"surface":"直る","lemma":"直る","morphology":"verb","role":"verb of the clause with が","gloss":"straight"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 直る","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"早い","lemma":"早い","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 聞い","gloss":"soon","note":"Idiom: ～が早いか means \"no sooner than\" or \"the moment that.\""},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 早い","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"坊っ","lemma":"坊っ","morphology":"proper noun","role":"compound with ちゃん","gloss":"young master"},{"surface":"ちゃん","lemma":"ちゃん","morphology":"noun","role":"vocative address in the quote of 聞い","gloss":"(suffix)"},{"surface":"いつ","lemma":"いつ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 持ち","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"家","lemma":"家","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 持ち","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 家","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"お","lemma":"お","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 持ち","gloss":"(honorific)"},{"surface":"持ち","lemma":"持つ","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 聞い","gloss":"get"},{"surface":"なさい","lemma":"なさる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 持ち","gloss":"(honorific)"},{"surface":"ます","lemma":"ます","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 持ち","gloss":"(polite)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 持ち","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"聞い","lemma":"聞く","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 聞い","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":228,"label":"","id":"ch01-p21-s3","source":"卒業さえすれば金が自然とポッケットの中に湧いて来ると思っている。","translation":"She seemed to believe that money would simply well up in my pocket the instant I graduated.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p21-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"卒業","lemma":"卒業","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of すれ","gloss":"graduating"},{"surface":"さえ","lemma":"さえ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 卒業","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"すれ","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 湧い","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"ば","lemma":"ば","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of すれ","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"金","lemma":"金","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 湧い","gloss":"money"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 金","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"自然","lemma":"自然","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 湧い","gloss":"naturally"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 自然","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"ポッケット","lemma":"ポッケット","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 中","gloss":"pocket"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ポッケット","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"中","lemma":"中","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 湧い","gloss":"inside"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 中","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"湧い","lemma":"湧く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 来る","gloss":"well up"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 湧い","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"来る","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 思っ","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 来る","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"思っ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"believed"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 思っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"いる","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"was"}]},{"number":229,"label":"","id":"ch01-p21-s4","source":"そんなにえらい人をつらまえて、まだ坊っちゃんと呼ぶのはいよいよ馬鹿気ている。","translation":"To go on calling someone so grand and important young master was, by now, downright absurd.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p21-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"そんな","lemma":"そんな","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies えらい","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of そんな","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"えらい","lemma":"えらい","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 人","gloss":"important"},{"surface":"人","lemma":"人","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of つらまえ","gloss":"person"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 人","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"つらまえ","lemma":"つらまえる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 呼ぶ","gloss":"grab hold of","note":"つらまえる is a Meiji-era colloquial variant of 捕まえる ('to catch, grab hold of')."},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of つらまえ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"まだ","lemma":"まだ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 呼ぶ","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"坊っ","lemma":"坊っ","morphology":"proper noun","role":"compound with ちゃん","gloss":"young master"},{"surface":"ちゃん","lemma":"ちゃん","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 呼ぶ","gloss":"(suffix)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ちゃん","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"呼ぶ","lemma":"呼ぶ","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 気","gloss":"calling"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 呼ぶ","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 呼ぶ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"いよいよ","lemma":"いよいよ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 気","gloss":"downright"},{"surface":"馬鹿","lemma":"馬鹿","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 気","gloss":"foolish"},{"surface":"気","lemma":"気","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"seems"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 気","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"いる","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":230,"label":"","id":"ch01-p21-s5","source":"おれは単簡に当分うちは持たない。","translation":"I told her simply that I wouldn't be getting a house for the time being.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p21-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 持た","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"単簡","lemma":"単簡","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 持た","gloss":"simply","note":"単簡 is an older word-order variant of 簡単, meaning 'simple, plain.'"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 単簡","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"当分","lemma":"当分","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 持た","gloss":"for now"},{"surface":"うち","lemma":"うち","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 持た","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking うち","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"持た","lemma":"持つ","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 持た","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":231,"label":"","id":"ch01-p21-s6","source":"田舎へ行くんだと云ったら、非常に失望した容子で、胡麻塩の鬢の乱れをしきりに撫でた。","translation":"When I said I was going off to the countryside, she looked terribly crestfallen and kept smoothing down the loose strands of her salt-and-pepper hair.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p21-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"田舎","lemma":"田舎","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 行く","gloss":"countryside"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 田舎","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"行く","lemma":"行く","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 云っ","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"ん","lemma":"ん","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 行く","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase ん","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 行く","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 撫で","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云っ","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"非常","lemma":"非常","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 失望","gloss":"greatly"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 非常","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"失望","lemma":"失望","morphology":"noun","role":"clause modifying 容子","gloss":"disappointed"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 失望","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 失望","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"容子","lemma":"様子","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 撫で","gloss":"look","note":"容子 is an old variant kanji spelling of 様子 ('appearance, manner')."},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 容子","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"胡麻","lemma":"胡麻","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 塩","gloss":"sesame"},{"surface":"塩","lemma":"塩","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 鬢","gloss":"salt","note":"胡麻塩 ('sesame-salt') is an idiom for grizzled, salt-and-pepper hair."},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 塩","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"鬢","lemma":"鬢","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 乱れ","gloss":"temple hair"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 鬢","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"乱れ","lemma":"乱れ","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 撫で","gloss":"disarray"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 乱れ","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"しきり","lemma":"しきり","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 撫で","gloss":"constantly"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking しきり","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"撫で","lemma":"撫でる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"smoothed"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 撫で","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":232,"label":"","id":"ch01-p21-s7","source":"あまり気の毒だから「行く事は行くがじき帰る。","translation":"She looked so pitiable that I said, ‘I'm going, yes, but I'll be back soon.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p21-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"あまり","lemma":"あまり","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 気の毒","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"気の毒","lemma":"気の毒","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 慰め","gloss":"pitiable"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 気の毒","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 気の毒","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"行く","lemma":"行く","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 事","gloss":"going"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 行く","gloss":"matter"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 事","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"行く","lemma":"行く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 帰る","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 行く","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"じき","lemma":"じき","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 帰る","gloss":"soon"},{"surface":"帰る","lemma":"帰る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"return"}]},{"number":233,"label":"","id":"ch01-p21-s8","source":"来年の夏休みにはきっと帰る」と慰めてやった。","translation":"I'll surely be back next summer vacation,’ I said to comfort her.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p21-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"来年","lemma":"来年","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 夏休み","gloss":"next year"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 来年","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"夏休み","lemma":"夏休み","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 帰る","gloss":"summer vacation"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 夏休み","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 夏休み","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"きっと","lemma":"きっと","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 帰る","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"帰る","lemma":"帰る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 慰め","gloss":"return"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 帰る","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"慰め","lemma":"慰める","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on やっ","gloss":"comforted"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 慰め","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"やっ","lemma":"やる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of やっ","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":234,"label":"","id":"ch01-p21-s9","source":"それでも妙な顔をしているから「何を見やげに買って来てやろう、何が欲しい」と聞いてみたら「越後の笹飴が食べたい」と云った。","translation":"Still, she looked so strange that I asked her, ‘What souvenir shall I bring you back, what do you want,’ and she said, ‘I'd like some Echigo bamboo-leaf candy.’","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p21-s9.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"それ","lemma":"それ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase それ","gloss":"being"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase それ","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"妙","lemma":"妙","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 顔","gloss":"strange"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 妙","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"顔","lemma":"顔","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of し","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 顔","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 聞い","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"いる","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of し","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of 買っ","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"見","lemma":"土産","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 買っ","gloss":"souvenir","note":"見やげ is a historical spelling of 土産 (みやげ, 'souvenir'), literally 'something to show for having seen [a place].'"},{"surface":"や","lemma":"や","morphology":"particle","role":"compound with げ","gloss":"(part of souvenir)"},{"surface":"げ","lemma":"げ","morphology":"particle","role":"compound with 見","gloss":"(part of souvenir)"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 見","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"買っ","lemma":"買う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on やろう","gloss":"buy"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 買っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"来","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on やろう","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 来","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"やろう","lemma":"やる","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 聞い","gloss":"shall"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 欲しい","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"欲しい","lemma":"欲しい","morphology":"adjective","role":"clausal complement of 聞い","gloss":"want"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 欲しい","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"聞い","lemma":"聞く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 云っ","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 聞い","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"み","lemma":"みる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"tried"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 聞い","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"越後","lemma":"越後","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies 笹飴","gloss":"Echigo"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 越後","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"笹飴","lemma":"笹飴","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 食べ","gloss":"candy"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 笹飴","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"食べ","lemma":"食べる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 云っ","gloss":"eat"},{"surface":"たい","lemma":"たい","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 食べ","gloss":"want to"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 食べ","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云っ","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":235,"label":"","id":"ch01-p21-s10","source":"越後の笹飴なんて聞いた事もない。","translation":"I'd never even heard of Echigo bamboo-leaf candy.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p21-s10.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"越後","lemma":"越後","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies 笹飴","gloss":"Echigo"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 越後","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"笹飴","lemma":"笹飴","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 聞い","gloss":"candy"},{"surface":"なんて","lemma":"なんて","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 笹飴","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"聞い","lemma":"聞く","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 事","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 聞い","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ない","gloss":"experience"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 事","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":236,"label":"","id":"ch01-p21-s11","source":"第一方角が違う。","translation":"For one thing, it was in entirely the wrong direction.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p21-s11.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"第","lemma":"第","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 一","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"一","lemma":"一","morphology":"numeral","role":"modifies 違う","gloss":"of all"},{"surface":"方角","lemma":"方角","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 違う","gloss":"direction"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 方角","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"違う","lemma":"違う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is wrong"}]},{"number":237,"label":"","id":"ch01-p21-s12","source":"「おれの行く田舎には笹飴はなさそうだ」と云って聞かしたら「そんなら、どっちの見当です」と聞き返した。","translation":"When I told her, ‘there doesn't seem to be any bamboo-leaf candy where I'm going,’ she asked back, ‘well then, which direction is it?’","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p21-s12.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 行く","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"marks おれ as subject","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"行く","lemma":"行く","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 田舎","gloss":"going"},{"surface":"田舎","lemma":"田舎","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of なさ","gloss":"countryside"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 田舎","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 田舎","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"笹飴","lemma":"笹飴","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of なさ","gloss":"bamboo-leaf candy"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 笹飴","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"なさ","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"clausal complement of 云っ","gloss":"doesn't exist"},{"surface":"そう","lemma":"そう","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なさ","gloss":"seems"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なさ","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking なさ","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 聞かし","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 云っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"聞かし","lemma":"聞かす","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 聞き","gloss":"told"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 聞かし","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"そん","lemma":"そう","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial clause on 聞き","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"なら","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of そん","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"どっち","lemma":"どっち","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 見当","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking どっち","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"見当","lemma":"見当","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 聞き","gloss":"direction"},{"surface":"です","lemma":"です","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 見当","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 見当","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"聞き","lemma":"聞く","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"返し","lemma":"返す","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 聞き","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 返し","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":238,"label":"","id":"ch01-p21-s13","source":"「西の方だよ」と云うと「箱根のさきですか手前ですか」と問う。","translation":"When I said, ‘it's off to the west,’ she asked, ‘is that beyond Hakone, or before it?’","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p21-s13.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"西","lemma":"西","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 方","gloss":"west"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 西","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"方","lemma":"方","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 云う","gloss":"direction"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 方","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"よ","lemma":"よ","morphology":"particle","role":"adds emphasis to 方","gloss":"(emphasis)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 方","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 問う","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 云う","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"箱根","lemma":"箱根","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies さき","gloss":"Hakone"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 箱根","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"さき","lemma":"さき","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 問う","gloss":"beyond"},{"surface":"です","lemma":"です","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to さき","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of さき","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"手前","lemma":"手前","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 問う","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"です","lemma":"です","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 手前","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 手前","gloss":"(question)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 手前","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"問う","lemma":"問う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"asks"}]},{"number":239,"label":"","id":"ch01-p21-s14","source":"随分持てあました。","translation":"I really didn't know what to do with her.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p21-s14.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"随分","lemma":"随分","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 持て","gloss":"really"},{"surface":"持て","lemma":"持て余す","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with あまし","gloss":"(compound)","note":"持てあます is a fixed idiom meaning 'to not know what to do with, to be at a loss over' — not literally 'to hold too much.'"},{"surface":"あまし","lemma":"持て余す","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"couldn't handle her"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of あまし","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":240,"label":"22","id":"ch01-p22-s1","source":"出立の日には朝から来て、いろいろ世話をやいた。","translation":"On the day I left, she came from early morning and fussed over all sorts of things.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p22-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"出立","lemma":"出立","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 日","gloss":"departure"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 出立","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"日","lemma":"日","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of やい","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 日","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 日","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"朝","lemma":"朝","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 来","gloss":"morning"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 朝","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"来","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on やい","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 来","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"いろいろ","lemma":"いろいろ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies やい","gloss":"in various ways"},{"surface":"世話","lemma":"世話","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of やい","gloss":"care"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 世話","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"やい","lemma":"やく","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"fussed over"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of やい","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":241,"label":"","id":"ch01-p22-s2","source":"来る途中小間物屋で買って来た歯磨と楊子と手拭をズックの革鞄に入れてくれた。","translation":"On her way over she'd stopped at a sundries shop and bought tooth powder, a toothpick, and a hand towel, and packed them into my canvas bag.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p22-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"来る","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 途中","gloss":"coming"},{"surface":"途中","lemma":"途中","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 買っ","gloss":"on the way"},{"surface":"小間物","lemma":"小間物","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 屋","gloss":"sundries"},{"surface":"屋","lemma":"屋","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 買っ","gloss":"shop"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 屋","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"買っ","lemma":"買う","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 歯磨","gloss":"bought"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 買っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"来","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 来","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"歯磨","lemma":"歯磨","morphology":"noun","role":"coordinated with 楊子","gloss":"tooth powder"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 歯磨","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"楊子","lemma":"楊子","morphology":"noun","role":"coordinated with 手拭","gloss":"toothpick"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 楊子","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"手拭","lemma":"手拭","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 入れ","gloss":"hand towel"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 手拭","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"ズック","lemma":"ズック","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 革鞄","gloss":"canvas"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ズック","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"革鞄","lemma":"革鞄","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 入れ","gloss":"bag"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 革鞄","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"入れ","lemma":"入れる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"put in"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 入れ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"くれ","lemma":"くれる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"for me"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 入れ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":242,"label":"","id":"ch01-p22-s3","source":"そんな物は入らないと云ってもなかなか承知しない。","translation":"I told her I didn't need such things, but she wouldn't hear of it.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p22-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"そんな","lemma":"そんな","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 物","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"物","lemma":"物","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 入ら","gloss":"things"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 物","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"入ら","lemma":"要る","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 云っ","gloss":"need","note":"The text uses the kanji 入る for いる, an old variant writing of 要る (to be needed); it does not mean 'enter' here."},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 入ら","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 入ら","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 承知","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 云っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 云っ","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"なかなか","lemma":"なかなか","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 承知","gloss":"not readily"},{"surface":"承知","lemma":"承知","morphology":"noun","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"agree"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 承知","gloss":"does"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 承知","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":243,"label":"","id":"ch01-p22-s4","source":"車を並べて停車場へ着いて、プラットフォームの上へ出た時、車へ乗り込んだおれの顔をじっと見て「もうお別れになるかも知れません。","translation":"We rode our rickshaws together to the station, and when we came out onto the platform, she stared hard at my face as I sat boarded on the train, and said, ‘this may be the last time we ever see each other.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p22-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"車","lemma":"車","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 並べ","gloss":"rickshaws"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 車","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"並べ","lemma":"並べる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 着い","gloss":"lined up"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 並べ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"停車","lemma":"停車","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 場","gloss":"stopping"},{"surface":"場","lemma":"場","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 着い","gloss":"station"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 場","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"着い","lemma":"着く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 出","gloss":"arrived"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 着い","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"プラットフォーム","lemma":"プラットフォーム","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 上","gloss":"platform"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking プラットフォーム","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"上","lemma":"上","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 出","gloss":"top"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 上","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"出","lemma":"出る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 時","gloss":"came out"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"時","lemma":"時","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 見","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"車","lemma":"車","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 乗り","gloss":"train"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 車","gloss":"onto"},{"surface":"乗り","lemma":"乗る","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with 込ん","gloss":"got"},{"surface":"込ん","lemma":"込む","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying おれ","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 込ん","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 顔","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"顔","lemma":"顔","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 見","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 顔","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"じっと","lemma":"じっと","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 見","gloss":"intently"},{"surface":"見","lemma":"見る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 云っ","gloss":"stared"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 見","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"もう","lemma":"もう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies なる","gloss":"soon"},{"surface":"お","lemma":"お","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 別れ","gloss":"(polite)"},{"surface":"別れ","lemma":"別れ","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of なる","gloss":"parting"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 別れ","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"なる","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking なる","gloss":"might","note":"かも知れません is a set phrase meaning 'might/perhaps not know' — split here across tokens for parsing but functioning as one idiom."},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase か","gloss":"possibly"},{"surface":"知れ","lemma":"知れる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase か","gloss":"be known"},{"surface":"ませ","lemma":"ます","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase か","gloss":"(polite)"},{"surface":"ん","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase か","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":244,"label":"","id":"ch01-p22-s5","source":"随分ご機嫌よう」と小さな声で云った。","translation":"Do take good care of yourself,’ she added, in a small voice.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p22-s5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ご機嫌よう","title":"「ご機嫌よう」","body":"「ご機嫌よう」 ごきげんよう (gokigen'yō) — a formal parting greeting, roughly 'do take care / farewell'. Kiyo's use of it, rather than something more casual, underlines how seriously she takes this goodbye."}],"words":[{"surface":"随分","lemma":"随分","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 機嫌","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"ご","lemma":"ご","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 機嫌","gloss":"(polite)"},{"surface":"機嫌","lemma":"機嫌","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 云っ","gloss":"well-being","note":"ご機嫌よう is a set farewell phrase, literally 'good humor,' used like 'take care' or 'goodbye.'"},{"surface":"よう","lemma":"よい","morphology":"adjective","role":"auxiliary of 機嫌","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 機嫌","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"小さな","lemma":"小さな","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies 声","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"声","lemma":"声","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 云っ","gloss":"voice"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 声","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云っ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":245,"label":"","id":"ch01-p22-s6","source":"目に涙が一杯たまっている。","translation":"Her eyes were brimming with tears.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p22-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"目","lemma":"目","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of たまっ","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 目","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"涙","lemma":"涙","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of たまっ","gloss":"tears"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 涙","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"一杯","lemma":"一杯","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial clause on たまっ","gloss":"full"},{"surface":"たまっ","lemma":"たまる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"welled up"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of たまっ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"いる","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"were"}]},{"number":246,"label":"","id":"ch01-p22-s7","source":"おれは泣かなかった。","translation":"I didn't cry.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p22-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 泣か","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"泣か","lemma":"泣く","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"cry"},{"surface":"なかっ","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 泣か","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 泣か","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":247,"label":"","id":"ch01-p22-s8","source":"しかしもう少しで泣くところであった。","translation":"But I came very close to it.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p22-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"しかし","lemma":"しかし","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"もう","lemma":"もう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 少し","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"少し","lemma":"少し","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 泣く","gloss":"a little"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 少し","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"泣く","lemma":"泣く","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying ところ","gloss":"crying"},{"surface":"ところ","lemma":"ところ","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"point"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to ところ","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"あっ","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"(formal)"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of ところ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":248,"label":"","id":"ch01-p22-s9","source":"汽車がよっぽど動き出してから、もう大丈夫だろうと思って、窓から首を出して、振り向いたら、やっぱり立っていた。","translation":"After the train had gone quite some distance, thinking it safe enough now, I leaned my head out the window and looked back, and there she still was, standing on the platform.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p22-s9.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"汽車","lemma":"汽車","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 動き","gloss":"train"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 汽車","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"よっぽど","lemma":"よっぽど","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 動き","gloss":"quite a bit"},{"surface":"動き","lemma":"動く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 思っ","gloss":"moving"},{"surface":"出し","lemma":"出す","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 思っ","gloss":"started"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 出し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 出し","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"もう","lemma":"もう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 大丈夫","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"大丈夫","lemma":"大丈夫","morphology":"adjective","role":"clausal complement of 思っ","gloss":"safe"},{"surface":"だろう","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 大丈夫","gloss":"probably"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 大丈夫","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"思っ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 出し","gloss":"thinking"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 思っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"窓","lemma":"窓","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 出し","gloss":"window"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 窓","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"首","lemma":"首","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 出し","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 首","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"出し","lemma":"出す","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 振り","gloss":"leaned out"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 出し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"振り","lemma":"振る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 立っ","gloss":"turned"},{"surface":"向い","lemma":"向く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 立っ","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 向い","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"やっぱり","lemma":"やっぱり","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 立っ","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"立っ","lemma":"立つ","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"standing"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 立っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 立っ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":249,"label":"","id":"ch01-p22-s10","source":"何だか大変小さく見えた。","translation":"Somehow she looked terribly small.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch01-p22-s10.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"adverbial clause on 見え","gloss":"somehow"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 何","gloss":"(idiom)"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 何","gloss":"(idiom)","note":"何だか is a set phrase meaning 'somehow, for some reason.'"},{"surface":"大変","lemma":"大変","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 見え","gloss":"terribly"},{"surface":"小さく","lemma":"小さい","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 見え","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"見え","lemma":"見える","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"looked"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 見え","gloss":"(past)"}]}]}