{"work":{"slug":"botchan","title":{"source":"坊っちゃん","translated":"Botchan"},"author":"Natsume Sōseki","language":"Japanese","languageCode":"ja","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/botchan"},"unit":{"kind":"chapter","number":null,"id":"ch03","title":{"source":"三","translated":"Chapter 3"},"section":"Botchan","summary":null,"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/botchan/ch03","lines":174},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/books/botchan/ch02","next":"https://1732studios.com/books/botchan/ch04","license":"Source text: public domain (Natsume Sōseki, d. 1916; first published 1906), from Aozora Bunko. English translation and notes: © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC. Narration: synthesized for this edition.","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/","lines":[{"number":1,"label":"1","id":"ch03-p1-s1","source":"いよいよ学校へ出た。","translation":"At last I went to school.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p1-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"いよいよ","lemma":"いよいよ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 出","gloss":"at last"},{"surface":"学校","lemma":"学校","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 出","gloss":"school"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学校","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"出","lemma":"出る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":2,"label":"","id":"ch03-p1-s2","source":"初めて教場へはいって高い所へ乗った時は、何だか変だった。","translation":"The first time I stepped into the classroom and climbed up onto the platform, it felt strange somehow.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p1-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"初めて","lemma":"初めて","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies はいっ","gloss":"first time"},{"surface":"教場","lemma":"教場","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of はいっ","gloss":"classroom"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 教場","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"はいっ","lemma":"はいる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 乗っ","gloss":"entered"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of はいっ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"高い","lemma":"高い","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 所","gloss":"high"},{"surface":"所","lemma":"所","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 乗っ","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 所","gloss":"onto"},{"surface":"乗っ","lemma":"乗る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 時","gloss":"climbed"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 乗っ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"時","lemma":"時","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 変","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"adverbial clause on 変","gloss":"somehow"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 何","gloss":"(part)"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 何","gloss":"(part)"},{"surface":"変","lemma":"変","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"strange"},{"surface":"だっ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 変","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 変","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":3,"label":"","id":"ch03-p1-s3","source":"講釈をしながら、おれでも先生が勤まるのかと思った。","translation":"While I lectured, I found myself wondering whether even I could actually pull off being a teacher.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p1-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"講釈","lemma":"講釈","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of し","gloss":"lecture"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 講釈","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 思っ","gloss":"giving"},{"surface":"ながら","lemma":"ながら","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of し","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"topic of 勤まる (even ...)","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"part of でも marking おれ","gloss":"(particle)"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"先生","lemma":"先生","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 勤まる","gloss":"teacher"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 先生","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"勤まる","lemma":"勤まる","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 思っ","gloss":"be up to it"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 勤まる","gloss":"(that)"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 勤まる","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 勤まる","gloss":"(that)"},{"surface":"思っ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"wondered"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 思っ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":4,"label":"","id":"ch03-p1-s4","source":"生徒はやかましい。","translation":"The students are a rowdy bunch.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p1-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"生徒","lemma":"生徒","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of やかましい","gloss":"students"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 生徒","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"やかましい","lemma":"やかましい","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"rowdy"}]},{"number":5,"label":"","id":"ch03-p1-s5","source":"時々図抜けた大きな声で先生と云う。","translation":"Every so often one of them bellows out \"Sensei!\" at some absurd volume.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p1-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"時々","lemma":"時々","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 云う","gloss":"sometimes"},{"surface":"図抜け","lemma":"図抜ける","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 声","gloss":"extraordinarily"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 図抜け","gloss":"(attributive)"},{"surface":"大きな","lemma":"大きな","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies 声","gloss":"loud"},{"surface":"声","lemma":"声","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 云う","gloss":"voice"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 声","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"先生","lemma":"先生","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 云う","gloss":"sensei"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 先生","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"calls out"}]},{"number":6,"label":"","id":"ch03-p1-s6","source":"先生には応えた。","translation":"That word — sensei — hit me hard.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p1-s6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"応えた","title":"«応える» こたえる (kotaeru)","body":"«応える» こたえる (kotaeru) here doesn't mean 'to answer' (that's «答える», same reading) — it means 'to take a toll on / to hit hard,' as in physical or emotional impact. Being called sensei genuinely rattles Botchan. Note that «答える» is also used later in this chapter (p7-s15, «胃に答える») with this same 'affect/hit hard' meaning — Soseki's Meiji-era text isn't consistent about which kanji spells this idiom, so don't assume «答える» is reserved only for the 'to answer (a question)' sense."}],"words":[{"surface":"先生","lemma":"先生","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 応え","gloss":"sensei"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 先生","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 先生","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"応え","lemma":"応える","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"hit hard"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 応え","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":7,"label":"","id":"ch03-p1-s7","source":"今まで物理学校で毎日先生先生と呼びつけていたが、先生と呼ぶのと、呼ばれるのは雲泥の差だ。","translation":"Back at the physics school I'd called out \"sensei, sensei\" to my own teachers every day, but calling someone sensei and being called it yourself are worlds apart.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p1-s7.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"雲泥の差","title":"«雲泥の差» うんでいのさ (undei no sa)","body":"«雲泥の差» うんでいのさ (undei no sa), literally 'the difference between clouds and mud' — a set idiom for an enormous gulf, like night and day. Botchan uses it for the gap between teaching and being taught."}],"words":[{"surface":"今","lemma":"今","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 呼び","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"まで","lemma":"まで","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 今","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"物理","lemma":"物理","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 学校","gloss":"physics"},{"surface":"学校","lemma":"学校","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 呼び","gloss":"school"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学校","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"毎日","lemma":"毎日","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 呼び","gloss":"every day"},{"surface":"先生","lemma":"先生","morphology":"noun","role":"part of reduplicated quote 先生先生, complement of 呼び","gloss":"sensei"},{"surface":"先生","lemma":"先生","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 呼び","gloss":"sensei"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 先生","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"呼び","lemma":"呼ぶ","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the first clause (compound with つけ)","gloss":"call"},{"surface":"つけ","lemma":"つける","morphology":"verb","role":"part of compound verb 呼びつける with 呼び","gloss":"habitually"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of つけ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of つけ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of つけ","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"先生","lemma":"先生","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 呼ぶ","gloss":"sensei"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 先生","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"呼ぶ","lemma":"呼ぶ","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 差","gloss":"calling"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 呼ぶ","gloss":"(nominalizer)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 呼ぶ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"呼ば","lemma":"呼ぶ","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal subject of 差 (via の)","gloss":"being called"},{"surface":"れる","lemma":"れる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 呼ば","gloss":"(passive)"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 呼ば","gloss":"(nominalizer)"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 呼ば","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"雲泥","lemma":"雲泥","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 差","gloss":"worlds apart","note":"雲泥の差, literally 'cloud and mud,' is an idiom for an extreme difference."},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 雲泥","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"差","lemma":"差","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"difference"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 差","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":8,"label":"","id":"ch03-p1-s8","source":"何だか足の裏がむずむずする。","translation":"It made the soles of my feet itch, somehow.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p1-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"adverbial clause on むずむず","gloss":"somehow"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 何","gloss":"(part)"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 何","gloss":"(part)"},{"surface":"足","lemma":"足","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 裏","gloss":"foot"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 足","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"裏","lemma":"裏","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of むずむず","gloss":"sole"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 裏","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"むずむず","lemma":"むずむず","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"tingles"},{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of むずむず","gloss":"does"}]},{"number":9,"label":"","id":"ch03-p1-s9","source":"おれは卑怯な人間ではない。","translation":"I'm no coward.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p1-s9.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 人間","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"卑怯","lemma":"卑怯","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 人間","gloss":"cowardly"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 卑怯","gloss":"linking"},{"surface":"人間","lemma":"人間","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"person"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 人間","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":10,"label":"","id":"ch03-p1-s10","source":"臆病な男でもないが、惜しい事に胆力が欠けている。","translation":"Nor am I timid, but unfortunately I'm short on plain nerve.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p1-s10.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"臆病","lemma":"臆病","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 男","gloss":"timid"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 臆病","gloss":"linking"},{"surface":"男","lemma":"男","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 男","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 欠け","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"惜しい","lemma":"惜しい","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 事","gloss":"regrettable"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 欠け","gloss":"thing","note":"惜しい事に is a set phrase meaning \"unfortunately/regrettably.\""},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 事","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"胆力","lemma":"胆力","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 欠け","gloss":"nerve"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 胆力","gloss":"subject marker"},{"surface":"欠け","lemma":"欠ける","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lacks","note":"欠け here is the stem of 欠ける (\"to lack\"); いる separately supplies the \"is\" of the progressive, so 欠け itself should not also carry \"is\" (compare 出来ている in ch03-p3-s3, where 出来=\"built\" and いる=\"is\" are kept separate)."},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 欠け","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"いる","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":11,"label":"","id":"ch03-p1-s11","source":"先生と大きな声をされると、腹の減った時に丸の内で午砲を聞いたような気がする。","translation":"When someone shouts \"Sensei!\" at me, it feels like hearing the noon cannon go off in Marunouchi on an empty stomach.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p1-s11.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"先生","lemma":"先生","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of さ","gloss":"Sensei"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 先生","gloss":"quote marker"},{"surface":"大きな","lemma":"大きな","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies 声","gloss":"loud"},{"surface":"声","lemma":"声","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of さ","gloss":"voice"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 声","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"さ","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on する","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"れる","lemma":"れる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of さ","gloss":"is (passive)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of さ","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"腹","lemma":"腹","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 減っ","gloss":"stomach"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 腹","gloss":"subject marker"},{"surface":"減っ","lemma":"減る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 時","gloss":"empties"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 減っ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"時","lemma":"時","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 聞い","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"丸の内","lemma":"丸の内","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of 聞い","gloss":"Marunouchi"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 丸の内","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"午砲","lemma":"午砲","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 聞い","gloss":"noon cannon"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 午砲","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"聞い","lemma":"聞く","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 気","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 聞い","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"よう","lemma":"よう","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 聞い","gloss":"as if"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 聞い","gloss":"linking"},{"surface":"気","lemma":"気","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of する","gloss":"feeling"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 気","gloss":"subject marker"},{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"feels"}]},{"number":12,"label":"","id":"ch03-p1-s12","source":"最初の一時間は何だかいい加減にやってしまった。","translation":"I fumbled through that first hour somehow, half-heartedly.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p1-s12.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"やってしまった","title":"«てしまう» — completion, often with regret","body":"«やってしまった» = «やる» (to do) + «てしまう», the auxiliary that marks an action carried through to completion — frequently, as here, with a tinge of regret: 'I went and did it (half-heartedly, and there's no taking it back).'"}],"words":[{"surface":"最初","lemma":"最初","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 時間","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 最初","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"一","lemma":"一","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 時間","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"時間","lemma":"時間","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of やっ","gloss":"hour"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時間","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"adverbial clause on やっ","gloss":"somehow","note":"何だか is a set phrase meaning \"somehow, for some reason.\""},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 何","gloss":"linking"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 何","gloss":"or something"},{"surface":"いい","lemma":"いい","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 加減","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"加減","lemma":"加減","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of やっ","gloss":"manner","note":"いい加減に is idiomatic for \"halfheartedly/haphazardly,\" not literally \"in a good manner.\""},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 加減","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"やっ","lemma":"やる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of やっ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"しまっ","lemma":"しまう","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"ended up"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of やっ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":13,"label":"","id":"ch03-p1-s13","source":"しかし別段困った質問も掛けられずに済んだ。","translation":"But at least no one hit me with a question that really stumped me.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p1-s13.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"しかし","lemma":"しかし","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"別段","lemma":"別段","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 困っ","gloss":"particularly"},{"surface":"困っ","lemma":"困る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 質問","gloss":"troublesome"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 困っ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"質問","lemma":"質問","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 掛け","gloss":"question"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 質問","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"掛け","lemma":"掛ける","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 済ん","gloss":"posed"},{"surface":"られ","lemma":"られる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 掛け","gloss":"(passive)"},{"surface":"ず","lemma":"ず","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 掛け","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 掛け","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"済ん","lemma":"済む","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"got by"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 済ん","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":14,"label":"","id":"ch03-p1-s14","source":"控所へ帰って来たら、山嵐がどうだいと聞いた。","translation":"Back in the staff room, Porcupine asked me how it went.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p1-s14.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"控","lemma":"控","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 帰っ","gloss":"staff"},{"surface":"所","lemma":"所","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 帰っ","gloss":"room"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 所","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"帰っ","lemma":"帰る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 聞い","gloss":"returned"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 帰っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"来","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 聞い","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 来","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"山嵐","lemma":"山嵐","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 聞い","gloss":"Porcupine"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 山嵐","gloss":"subject marker"},{"surface":"どう","lemma":"どう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies い","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of どう","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"い","morphology":"particle","role":"clausal complement of 聞い","gloss":"question marker","note":"どうだい is a casual masculine tag question, \"how about it?\""},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking い","gloss":"quote marker"},{"surface":"聞い","lemma":"聞く","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 聞い","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":15,"label":"","id":"ch03-p1-s15","source":"うんと単簡に返事をしたら山嵐は安心したらしかった。","translation":"I gave him a curt \"Mm,\" and that seemed to set him at ease.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p1-s15.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"うんと","lemma":"うんと","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 単簡","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"単簡","lemma":"簡単","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on し","gloss":"simple","note":"単簡 is a Meiji-era metathesized spelling of 簡単 (かんたん, \"simple\"); normalize the lemma to the modern standard headword per the historical-lemma policy while keeping the surface as written."},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 単簡","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"返事","lemma":"返事","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of し","gloss":"answer"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 返事","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 安心","gloss":"gave"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of し","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"山嵐","lemma":"山嵐","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 安心","gloss":"Porcupine"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 山嵐","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"安心","lemma":"安心","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"at ease"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 安心","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 安心","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"らしかっ","lemma":"らしい","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 安心","gloss":"seemed"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 安心","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":16,"label":"3","id":"ch03-p3-s1","source":"二時間目に白墨を持って控所を出た時には何だか敵地へ乗り込むような気がした。","translation":"Heading out of the staff room for second period, chalk in hand, I felt like I was marching into enemy territory.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p3-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"二","lemma":"二","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 目","gloss":"second"},{"surface":"時間","lemma":"時間","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 目","gloss":"period"},{"surface":"目","lemma":"目","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 出","gloss":"-th period"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 目","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"白墨","lemma":"白墨","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 持っ","gloss":"chalk"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 白墨","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"持っ","lemma":"持つ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 出","gloss":"holding"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 持っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"控","lemma":"控","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 出","gloss":"staff"},{"surface":"所","lemma":"所","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 出","gloss":"room"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 所","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"出","lemma":"出る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 時","gloss":"left"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"時","lemma":"時","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of し","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"adverbial clause on し","gloss":"somehow","note":"何だか is a set phrase meaning \"somehow, for some reason.\""},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 何","gloss":"linking"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 何","gloss":"or something"},{"surface":"敵地","lemma":"敵地","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of し","gloss":"enemy territory"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 敵地","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"乗り","lemma":"乗る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 気","gloss":"marching"},{"surface":"込む","lemma":"込む","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 気","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"よう","lemma":"よう","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 込む","gloss":"as if"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 込む","gloss":"linking"},{"surface":"気","lemma":"気","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of し","gloss":"feeling"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 気","gloss":"subject marker"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"felt"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of し","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":17,"label":"","id":"ch03-p3-s2","source":"教場へ出ると今度の組は前より大きな奴ばかりである。","translation":"In the classroom this time, the class was nothing but bigger louts than before.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p3-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"教場","lemma":"教場","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 出る","gloss":"classroom"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 教場","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"出る","lemma":"出る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 奴","gloss":"go into"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 出る","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"今度","lemma":"今度","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 組","gloss":"this time"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 今度","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"組","lemma":"組","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 奴","gloss":"class"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 組","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"前","lemma":"前","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 大きな","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"より","lemma":"より","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 前","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"大きな","lemma":"大きな","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies 奴","gloss":"bigger"},{"surface":"奴","lemma":"奴","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"guys"},{"surface":"ばかり","lemma":"ばかり","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 奴","gloss":"nothing but"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 奴","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"exists"}]},{"number":18,"label":"","id":"ch03-p3-s3","source":"おれは江戸っ子で華奢に小作りに出来ているから、どうも高い所へ上がっても押しが利かない。","translation":"Being an Edokko, I'm built slight and delicate, so standing up on that platform I just don't have the presence to push people around.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p3-s3.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"江戸っ子","title":"«江戸っ子» えどっこ (Edokko)","body":"«江戸っ子» えどっこ (Edokko), 'child of Edo' — a true-born Tokyoite, proudly quick-tempered, plainspoken, and impatient with anything slow or roundabout. Botchan calls himself this constantly to explain his own bluntness."}],"words":[{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 出来","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"江戸","lemma":"江戸","morphology":"proper noun","role":"compound with っ子","gloss":"Edo"},{"surface":"っ子","lemma":"っ子","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 出来","gloss":"native","note":"江戸っ子 (\"Edokko\") means a native-born Tokyoite."},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking っ子","gloss":"being"},{"surface":"華奢","lemma":"華奢","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 小作り","gloss":"slight"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 華奢","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"小作り","lemma":"小作り","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 出来","gloss":"small-built"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 小作り","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"出来","lemma":"出来る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 利か","gloss":"built"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 出来","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"いる","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 出来","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"どう","lemma":"どう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 利か","gloss":"no matter","note":"どうも...ない is a set pattern meaning \"no matter what, not...\""},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking どう","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"高い","lemma":"高い","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 所","gloss":"high"},{"surface":"所","lemma":"所","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 上がっ","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 所","gloss":"onto"},{"surface":"上がっ","lemma":"上がる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 利か","gloss":"standing"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 上がっ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 上がっ","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"押し","lemma":"押し","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 利か","gloss":"presence"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 押し","gloss":"subject marker"},{"surface":"利か","lemma":"利く","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"works"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 利か","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":19,"label":"","id":"ch03-p3-s4","source":"喧嘩なら相撲取とでもやってみせるが、こんな大僧を四十人も前へ並べて、ただ一枚の舌をたたいて恐縮させる手際はない。","translation":"In a fistfight I'd take on a sumo wrestler if I had to, but I have no knack for lining up forty of these big louts and cowing them with nothing but my tongue.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p3-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"喧嘩","lemma":"喧嘩","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on やっ","gloss":"fight"},{"surface":"なら","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 喧嘩","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"相撲取","lemma":"相撲取","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of やっ","gloss":"sumo wrestler"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 相撲取","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"particle marking 相撲取","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 相撲取","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"やっ","lemma":"やる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on みせる","gloss":"doing"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of やっ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"みせる","lemma":"みせる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the first clause, contrasts with ない","gloss":"would show"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of みせる","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"こんな","lemma":"こんな","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 大僧","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"大僧","lemma":"大僧","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 並べ","gloss":"big lout"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 大僧","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"四","lemma":"四","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 十人","gloss":"four"},{"surface":"十人","lemma":"十人","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 並べ","gloss":"-ty people","note":"This token (十人) is the tens-multiplier + counter half of 四十人 (\"forty people\"); glossed alone as \"ten people\" misrepresents the value, since 四 (\"four\") multiplies it to forty, not adds to it."},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 十人","gloss":"as many as"},{"surface":"前","lemma":"前","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 並べ","gloss":"front"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 前","gloss":"in front"},{"surface":"並べ","lemma":"並べる","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 手際","gloss":"lining up"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 並べ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ただ","lemma":"ただ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 一","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"一","lemma":"一","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 枚","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"枚","lemma":"枚","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 舌","gloss":"single"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 枚","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"舌","lemma":"舌","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of たたい","gloss":"tongue"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 舌","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"たたい","lemma":"たたく","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 恐縮","gloss":"striking"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of たたい","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"恐縮","lemma":"恐縮","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 手際","gloss":"cowed"},{"surface":"さ","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 恐縮","gloss":"do","note":"さ is the plain stem of する and does not itself carry the causative sense; \"make\" duplicates the causative meaning already assigned to せる via its \"(causative)\" gloss. Use the same literal \"do\" given to さ elsewhere (ch03-p1-s11-w6)."},{"surface":"せる","lemma":"せる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 恐縮","gloss":"(causative)"},{"surface":"手際","lemma":"手際","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ない","gloss":"skill"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 手際","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"don't have"}]},{"number":20,"label":"","id":"ch03-p3-s5","source":"しかしこんな田舎者に弱身を見せると癖になると思ったから、なるべく大きな声をして、少々巻き舌で講釈してやった。","translation":"Still, I figured showing weakness to country boys like these would become a habit, so I lectured as loudly as I could, rolling my r's a bit for effect.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p3-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"しかし","lemma":"しかし","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"こんな","lemma":"こんな","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 田舎者","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"田舎者","lemma":"田舎者","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 見せる","gloss":"country boys"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 田舎者","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"弱身","lemma":"弱身","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 見せる","gloss":"weakness"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 弱身","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"見せる","lemma":"見せる","morphology":"verb","role":"conditional clause on なる","gloss":"show"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 見せる","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"癖","lemma":"癖","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of なる","gloss":"habit"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 癖","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"なる","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 思っ","gloss":"would become"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking なる","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"思っ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on し","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 思っ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 思っ","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"なるべく","lemma":"なるべく","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 大きな","gloss":"as much as possible"},{"surface":"大きな","lemma":"大きな","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies 声","gloss":"loud"},{"surface":"声","lemma":"声","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of し","gloss":"voice"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 声","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 講釈","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"少々","lemma":"少々","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 講釈","gloss":"a little"},{"surface":"巻き舌","lemma":"巻き舌","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 講釈","gloss":"rolled r's"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 巻き舌","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"講釈","lemma":"講釈","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on やっ","gloss":"lectured"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 講釈","gloss":"(did)"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 講釈","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"やっ","lemma":"やる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of やっ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":21,"label":"","id":"ch03-p3-s6","source":"最初のうちは、生徒も烟に捲かれてぼんやりしていたから、それ見ろとますます得意になって、べらんめい調を用いてたら、一番前の列の真中に居た、一番強そうな奴が、いきなり起立して先生と云う。","translation":"At first the students sat there dazed, as if I'd smoked them out, and seeing that made me all the more pleased with myself, so I kept laying on the shitamachi swagger — until the toughest-looking one, right in the middle of the front row, suddenly stood up and said \"Sensei.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p3-s6.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"べらんめい調","title":"«べらんめい調» べらんめいちょう (beranmei-chō)","body":"«べらんめい» is downtown-Tokyo (shitamachi) slang, a rapid, brash, contraction-heavy way of speaking — think working-class Edo bravado (often pronounced with a long 'ē,' beranmē, in casual speech). «調» ちょう (chō) means 'style/tone,' so «べらんめい調» = 'talking beranmē-style,' exactly the register Botchan turns on to intimidate his rural students."}],"words":[{"surface":"最初","lemma":"最初","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies うち","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 最初","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"うち","lemma":"うち","morphology":"noun","role":"temporal complement of the clause","gloss":"period"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking うち","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"生徒","lemma":"生徒","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 捲か","gloss":"students"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 生徒","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"烟","lemma":"煙","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 捲か","gloss":"smoke"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 烟","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"捲か","lemma":"捲く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on ぼんやり","gloss":"enveloped"},{"surface":"れ","lemma":"れる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 捲か","gloss":"(passive)"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 捲か","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ぼんやり","lemma":"ぼんやり","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial clause on なっ","gloss":"dazed"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of ぼんやり","gloss":"(did)"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ぼんやり","gloss":"(-ing)"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"(progressive)"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of ぼんやり","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ぼんやり","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"それ","lemma":"それ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of 見ろ","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"見ろ","lemma":"見る","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with それ","gloss":"look"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 見ろ","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"ますます","lemma":"ますます","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies なっ","gloss":"more and more"},{"surface":"得意","lemma":"得意","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on なっ","gloss":"pleased with myself"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 得意","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"なっ","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 用い","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of なっ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"べらんめい","lemma":"べらんめい","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 調","gloss":"shitamachi"},{"surface":"調","lemma":"調","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 用い","gloss":"tone"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 調","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"用い","lemma":"用いる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 居","gloss":"used"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"connects to progressive たら","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"たら","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 用い","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"一番","lemma":"一番","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 前","gloss":"most"},{"surface":"前","lemma":"前","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 列","gloss":"front"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 前","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"列","lemma":"列","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 真中","gloss":"row"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 列","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"真中","lemma":"真中","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 居","gloss":"middle"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 真中","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"居","lemma":"居る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 奴","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 居","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"一番","lemma":"一番","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 強","gloss":"most"},{"surface":"強","lemma":"強い","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 奴","gloss":"tough"},{"surface":"そう","lemma":"そう","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 強","gloss":"looking"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 強","gloss":"(attributive)"},{"surface":"奴","lemma":"奴","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 起立","gloss":"guy"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 奴","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"いきなり","lemma":"いきなり","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 起立","gloss":"suddenly"},{"surface":"起立","lemma":"起立","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 云う","gloss":"stood up"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 起立","gloss":"(did)"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 起立","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"先生","lemma":"先生","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 云う","gloss":"Sensei"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 先生","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"}]},{"number":22,"label":"","id":"ch03-p3-s7","source":"そら来たと思いながら、何だと聞いたら、「あまり早くて分からんけれ、もちっと、ゆるゆる遣って、おくれんかな、もし」と云った。","translation":"Here it comes, I thought, and asked him what — and he said, \"It's too fast, I can't follow, could you go a bit more slow, please, huh.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p3-s7.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"分からんけれ／もし","title":"Iyo (Matsuyama) dialect markers","body":"«分からん» (= standard «分からない», 'don't understand') and the clause-final «けれ» and «もし» are local Shikoku (Iyo/Matsuyama-area) dialect — «けれ» softens like 'because, you see,' and «もし» is a mild sentence-final tag roughly like 'if you please.' To Botchan's Tokyo ear it sounds hopelessly countrified."}],"words":[{"surface":"そら","lemma":"そら","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of 来","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"来","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 思い","gloss":"comes"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 来","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 来","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"思い","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 聞い","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"ながら","lemma":"ながら","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 思い","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"clausal complement of 聞い","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 何","gloss":"(is)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"聞い","lemma":"聞く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 云っ","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"たら","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 聞い","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"あまり","lemma":"あまり","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 早く","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"早く","lemma":"早い","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 分から","gloss":"fast"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 早く","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"分から","lemma":"分かる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on けれ","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"ん","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 分から","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"けれ","lemma":"けれど","morphology":"conjunction","role":"adverbial clause on 云っ","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"もちっ","lemma":"もちっと","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 遣っ","gloss":"a bit"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"もちっと","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the adverb もちっと","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"ゆるゆる","lemma":"ゆるゆる","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 遣っ","gloss":"slowly"},{"surface":"遣っ","lemma":"遣る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on おくれ","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 遣っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"おくれ","lemma":"おくれる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 云っ","gloss":"could you"},{"surface":"ん","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of おくれ","gloss":"won't"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of おくれ","gloss":"please"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"な","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of おくれ","gloss":"hm"},{"surface":"もし","lemma":"もし","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 云っ","gloss":"huh"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もし","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云っ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":23,"label":"","id":"ch03-p3-s8","source":"おくれんかな、もしは生温るい言葉だ。","translation":"\"Could you, please, huh\" is a mushy sort of phrase.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p3-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"お","lemma":"お","morphology":"noun","role":"honorific prefix of くれ","gloss":"please"},{"surface":"くれ","lemma":"くれる","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 言葉","gloss":"give me"},{"surface":"ん","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of くれ","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of くれ","gloss":"please"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"な","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of くれ","gloss":"hm"},{"surface":"もし","lemma":"もし","morphology":"adverb","role":"final word of the quoted phrase, subject of だ","gloss":"huh"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もし","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"生温","lemma":"生温い","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 言葉","gloss":"lukewarm"},{"surface":"るい","lemma":"生温い","morphology":"adjective","role":"compound with 生温","gloss":"(adj. ending)"},{"surface":"言葉","lemma":"言葉","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"phrase"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 言葉","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":24,"label":"","id":"ch03-p3-s9","source":"早過ぎるなら、ゆっくり云ってやるが、おれは江戸っ子だから君等の言葉は使えない、分らなければ、分るまで待ってるがいいと答えてやった。","translation":"If it's too fast, I'll say it slower, I answered, but I'm an Edokko, so I can't speak your dialect — if you don't follow, you can just wait until you do.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p3-s9.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"早","lemma":"早い","morphology":"adjective","role":"oblique complement of 過ぎる","gloss":"fast"},{"surface":"過ぎる","lemma":"過ぎる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 云っ","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"なら","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 過ぎる","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"ゆっくり","lemma":"ゆっくり","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 云っ","gloss":"slower"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the quoted clause","gloss":"say"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 云っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"やる","lemma":"やる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"for them"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 云っ","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of だ","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"江戸","lemma":"江戸","morphology":"proper noun","role":"compound with っ子","gloss":"Edo"},{"surface":"っ子","lemma":"っ子","morphology":"noun","role":"predicate complement of だ","gloss":"native"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to っ子","gloss":"am"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of っ子","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"君等","lemma":"君等","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 言葉","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 君等","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"言葉","lemma":"言葉","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 使え","gloss":"dialect"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 言葉","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"使え","lemma":"使える","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb, negated with ない","gloss":"can use"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 使え","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"分ら","lemma":"分る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 待っ","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"なけれ","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 分ら","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ば","lemma":"ば","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 分ら","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"分る","lemma":"分る","morphology":"verb","role":"temporal clause, until you understand","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"まで","lemma":"まで","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 分る","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"待っ","lemma":"待つ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on いい","gloss":"wait"},{"surface":"てる","lemma":"てる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 待っ","gloss":"(-ing)"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 待っ","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"いい","lemma":"いい","morphology":"adjective","role":"clausal complement of 答え","gloss":"fine"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking いい","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"答え","lemma":"答える","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on やっ","gloss":"answered"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 答え","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"やっ","lemma":"やる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of やっ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":25,"label":"","id":"ch03-p3-s10","source":"この調子で二時間目は思ったより、うまく行った。","translation":"At that rate, second period went better than I'd expected.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p3-s10.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 調子","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"調子","lemma":"調子","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 行っ","gloss":"rate"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 調子","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"二","lemma":"二","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 目","gloss":"second"},{"surface":"時間","lemma":"時間","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 目","gloss":"period"},{"surface":"目","lemma":"目","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 行っ","gloss":"-th"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 目","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"思っ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 行っ","gloss":"expected"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 思っ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"より","lemma":"より","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 思っ","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"うまく","lemma":"うまい","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 行っ","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"行っ","lemma":"行く","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 行っ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":26,"label":"","id":"ch03-p3-s11","source":"ただ帰りがけに生徒の一人がちょっとこの問題を解釈をしておくれんかな、もし、と出来そうもない幾何の問題を持って逼ったには冷汗を流した。","translation":"Only, on my way out, one student pressed some geometry problem on me that looked beyond me, saying \"Could you please explain this one, huh,\" and that broke me out in a cold sweat.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p3-s11.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ただ","lemma":"ただ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"帰りがけ","lemma":"帰りがけ","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 逼っ","gloss":"on my way out"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 帰りがけ","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"生徒","lemma":"生徒","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 一人","gloss":"student"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 生徒","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"一人","lemma":"一人","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 逼っ","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 一人","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"ちょっと","lemma":"ちょっと","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies し","gloss":"a bit"},{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 問題","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"問題","lemma":"問題","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of し","gloss":"problem"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 問題","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"解釈","lemma":"解釈","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of し","gloss":"explain"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 解釈","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on おくれ","gloss":"(did)"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"おくれ","lemma":"おくれる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 出来","gloss":"could you"},{"surface":"ん","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of おくれ","gloss":"won't"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of おくれ","gloss":"please"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"な","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of おくれ","gloss":"hm"},{"surface":"もし","lemma":"もし","morphology":"adverb","role":"final word of the quoted request","gloss":"huh"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もし","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"出来","lemma":"出来る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on ない","gloss":"solvable"},{"surface":"そう","lemma":"そう","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出来","gloss":"seem"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 出来","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 問題","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"幾何","lemma":"幾何","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 問題","gloss":"geometry"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 幾何","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"問題","lemma":"問題","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 持っ","gloss":"problem"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 問題","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"持っ","lemma":"持つ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 逼っ","gloss":"holding"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 持っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"逼っ","lemma":"逼る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 流し","gloss":"pressed"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 逼っ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 逼っ","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 逼っ","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"冷汗","lemma":"冷汗","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 流し","gloss":"cold sweat"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 冷汗","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"流し","lemma":"流す","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"shed"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 流し","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":27,"label":"","id":"ch03-p3-s12","source":"仕方がないから何だか分らない、この次教えてやると急いで引き揚げたら、生徒がわあと囃した。","translation":"With no way out, I said I didn't quite follow it and would teach it next time, and hurried off — at which the students all whooped and jeered.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p3-s12.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"仕方","lemma":"仕方","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ない","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 仕方","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"predicate of 仕方, reason clause","gloss":"there's none"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ない","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of 分ら","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 何","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"(uncertain)"},{"surface":"分ら","lemma":"分る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 囃し","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 分ら","gloss":"don't"},{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 次","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"次","lemma":"次","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 教え","gloss":"next time"},{"surface":"教え","lemma":"教える","morphology":"verb","role":"clause quoted by と","gloss":"teach"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 教え","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"やる","lemma":"やる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"(for them)","note":"Benefactive やる marks doing something as a favor to someone of lower status."},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 教え","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"急い","lemma":"急ぐ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 囃し","gloss":"hurried"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 急い","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"引き","lemma":"引く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 囃し","gloss":"pulled"},{"surface":"揚げ","lemma":"揚げる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 囃し","gloss":"withdrew"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 揚げ","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"生徒","lemma":"生徒","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 囃し","gloss":"students"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 生徒","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"わあ","lemma":"わあ","morphology":"interjection","role":"adverbial clause on 囃し","gloss":"whoop"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking わあ","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"囃し","lemma":"囃す","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"jeered"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 囃し","gloss":"-ed"}]},{"number":28,"label":"","id":"ch03-p3-s13","source":"その中に出来ん出来んと云う声が聞える。","translation":"Somewhere in the noise I could hear a voice saying \"can't do it, can't do it.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p3-s13.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"その","lemma":"その","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 中","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"中","lemma":"中","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 聞える","gloss":"midst"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 中","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"出来ん","lemma":"出来る","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 云う","gloss":"can't do it"},{"surface":"出来","lemma":"出来る","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 云う (repeated)","gloss":"can do"},{"surface":"ん","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出来","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 出来","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 声","gloss":"saying"},{"surface":"声","lemma":"声","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 聞える","gloss":"voice"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 声","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"聞える","lemma":"聞こえる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"could be heard"}]},{"number":29,"label":"","id":"ch03-p3-s14","source":"箆棒め、先生だって、出来ないのは当り前だ。","translation":"Idiots — of course even a teacher can't solve everything.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p3-s14.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"箆棒","lemma":"箆棒","morphology":"noun","role":"exclamation, clause modifying 先生","gloss":"fool"},{"surface":"め","lemma":"め","morphology":"particle","role":"contemptuous suffix on 箆棒","gloss":"damn"},{"surface":"先生","lemma":"先生","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 出来, marked by だって","gloss":"teacher"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of だって","gloss":"(part of だって)"},{"surface":"って","lemma":"って","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"attaches emphasis to 先生","gloss":"even","note":"だって (だ + って) means 'even' here."},{"surface":"出来","lemma":"出来る","morphology":"verb","role":"depends on 当り前","gloss":"can do"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出来","gloss":"can't"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 出来","gloss":"(nominalizer)"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 出来","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"当り前","lemma":"当り前","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"natural"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 当り前","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":30,"label":"","id":"ch03-p3-s15","source":"出来ないのを出来ないと云うのに不思議があるもんか。","translation":"What's so strange about admitting you can't do what you can't do?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p3-s15.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"出来","lemma":"出来る","morphology":"verb","role":"head of the clause marked by を","gloss":"can do"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出来","gloss":"can't"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 出来","gloss":"(nominalizer)"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 出来","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"出来","lemma":"出来る","morphology":"verb","role":"head of the clause marked by と","gloss":"can do"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出来","gloss":"can't"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 出来","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"predicate of clause marked by の","gloss":"saying"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 云う","gloss":"(nominalizer)"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 云う","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"不思議","lemma":"不思議","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ある","gloss":"strangeness"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 不思議","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying もん","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"もん","lemma":"もん","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence-final rhetorical question particle","gloss":"as if!","note":"Rhetorical か here means 'as if there were' — a denial, not a real question."}]},{"number":31,"label":"","id":"ch03-p3-s16","source":"そんなものが出来るくらいなら四十円でこんな田舎へくるもんかと控所へ帰って来た。","translation":"If I could solve things like that on the spot, would I really have come out to a backwater like this for forty yen a month, I thought, heading back to the staff room.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p3-s16.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"そんな","lemma":"そんな","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies もの","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 出来る","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もの","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"出来る","lemma":"出来る","morphology":"verb","role":"predicate of the clause marked by くらい","gloss":"can do"},{"surface":"くらい","lemma":"くらい","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 出来る","gloss":"to the extent"},{"surface":"なら","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出来る","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"四十","lemma":"四十","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 円","gloss":"forty"},{"surface":"円","lemma":"円","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of くる","gloss":"yen"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 円","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"こんな","lemma":"こんな","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 田舎","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"田舎","lemma":"田舎","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of くる","gloss":"backwater"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 田舎","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"くる","lemma":"くる","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying もん","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"もん","lemma":"もん","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the rhetorical clause","gloss":"such a thing","note":"もんか (もの+か) is a rhetorical negation, like 'as if!'"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence-final rhetorical question particle","gloss":"really?"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もん","gloss":"(thought)"},{"surface":"控","lemma":"控","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 帰っ","gloss":"staff"},{"surface":"所","lemma":"所","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 帰っ","gloss":"room"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 所","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"帰っ","lemma":"帰る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"returned"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 帰っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"来","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 帰っ","gloss":"-ed"}]},{"number":32,"label":"","id":"ch03-p3-s17","source":"今度はどうだとまた山嵐が聞いた。","translation":"How'd it go this time, Porcupine asked again.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p3-s17.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"今度","lemma":"今度","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of どう","gloss":"this time"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 今度","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"どう","lemma":"どう","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial clause on 聞い","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of どう","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking どう","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"また","lemma":"また","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 聞い","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"山嵐","lemma":"山嵐","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 聞い","gloss":"Porcupine"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 山嵐","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"聞い","lemma":"聞く","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 聞い","gloss":"-ed"}]},{"number":33,"label":"","id":"ch03-p3-s18","source":"うんと云ったが、うんだけでは気が済まなかったから、この学校の生徒は分らずやだなと云ってやった。","translation":"I said \"Mm,\" but that alone didn't sit right with me, so I added that the students at this school were a thick-headed lot.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p3-s18.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"うん","lemma":"うん","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 云っ","gloss":"yeah"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking うん","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 済ま","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云っ","gloss":"-ed"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 云っ","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"うん","lemma":"うん","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 済ま","gloss":"yeah"},{"surface":"だけ","lemma":"だけ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking うん","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking うん","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking うん","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"気","lemma":"気","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 済ま","gloss":"feelings"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 気","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"済ま","lemma":"済む","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on やっ","gloss":"be satisfied"},{"surface":"なかっ","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 済ま","gloss":"didn't"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 済ま","gloss":"-ed"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 済ま","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 学校","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"学校","lemma":"学校","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 生徒","gloss":"school"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学校","gloss":"(possessive)"},{"surface":"生徒","lemma":"生徒","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 分ら","gloss":"students"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 生徒","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"分ら","lemma":"分る","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 云っ","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"ず","lemma":"ず","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 分ら","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"や","lemma":"屋","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 分ら, forms noun 'blockhead'","gloss":"-type","note":"や here is a contraction of 屋 ('-type/person'), not the sentence particle や — 分らずや means 'blockhead'."},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 分ら","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"な","morphology":"particle","role":"particle adding emphasis, follows だ","gloss":"you know"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 分ら","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on やっ","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 云っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"やっ","lemma":"やる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"added"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of やっ","gloss":"-ed"}]},{"number":34,"label":"","id":"ch03-p3-s19","source":"山嵐は妙な顔をしていた。","translation":"Porcupine made an odd face at that.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p3-s19.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"山嵐","lemma":"山嵐","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of し","gloss":"Porcupine"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 山嵐","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"妙","lemma":"妙","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 顔","gloss":"odd"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 妙","gloss":"(attributive)"},{"surface":"顔","lemma":"顔","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of し","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 顔","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of し","gloss":"-ed"}]},{"number":35,"label":"5","id":"ch03-p5-s1","source":"三時間目も、四時間目も昼過ぎの一時間も大同小異であった。","translation":"Third period, fourth period, and the hour after lunch were all much the same.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p5-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"三","lemma":"三","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 目","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"時間","lemma":"時間","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 目","gloss":"period"},{"surface":"目","lemma":"目","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 小異","gloss":"-th"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 目","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"四","lemma":"四","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 目","gloss":"four"},{"surface":"時間","lemma":"時間","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 目","gloss":"period"},{"surface":"目","lemma":"目","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 小異","gloss":"-th"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 目","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"昼過ぎ","lemma":"昼過ぎ","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 時間","gloss":"after noon"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 昼過ぎ","gloss":"(possessive)"},{"surface":"一","lemma":"一","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 時間","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"時間","lemma":"時間","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 小異","gloss":"hour"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時間","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"大同","lemma":"大同","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 小異","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"小異","lemma":"小異","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"the same"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 小異","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"あっ","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 小異","gloss":"-ed"}]},{"number":36,"label":"","id":"ch03-p5-s2","source":"最初の日に出た級は、いずれも少々ずつ失敗した。","translation":"In every class I taught that first day, I slipped up a little.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p5-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"最初","lemma":"最初","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 日","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 最初","gloss":"(possessive)"},{"surface":"日","lemma":"日","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 出","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 日","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"出","lemma":"出る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 級","gloss":"taught"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出","gloss":"-ed"},{"surface":"級","lemma":"級","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 失敗","gloss":"class"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 級","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"いずれ","lemma":"いずれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 失敗","gloss":"every one"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking いずれ","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"少々","lemma":"少々","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 失敗","gloss":"a little"},{"surface":"ずつ","lemma":"ずつ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 少々","gloss":"each"},{"surface":"失敗","lemma":"失敗","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"slipped up"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 失敗","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 失敗","gloss":"-ed"}]},{"number":37,"label":"","id":"ch03-p5-s3","source":"教師ははたで見るほど楽じゃないと思った。","translation":"Teaching, I decided, isn't nearly the easy job it looks like from outside.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p5-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"教師","lemma":"教師","morphology":"noun","role":"topic of the embedded clause; understood subject of 楽","gloss":"teacher"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 教師","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"はた","lemma":"はた","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 見る","gloss":"outside"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking はた","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"見る","lemma":"見る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 思っ","gloss":"looking"},{"surface":"ほど","lemma":"ほど","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 見る","gloss":"as much as"},{"surface":"楽","lemma":"楽","morphology":"adjective","role":"clausal complement of 思っ","gloss":"easy"},{"surface":"じゃ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 楽","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase じゃ","gloss":"isn't"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 楽","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"思っ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 思っ","gloss":"-ed"}]},{"number":38,"label":"","id":"ch03-p5-s4","source":"授業はひと通り済んだが、まだ帰れない、三時までぽつ然として待ってなくてはならん。","translation":"My lessons were all done, but I still couldn't go home — I had to sit there twiddling my thumbs until three o'clock.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p5-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"授業","lemma":"授業","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 済ん","gloss":"classes"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 授業","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"ひと通り","lemma":"ひと通り","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 済ん","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"済ん","lemma":"済む","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 帰れ","gloss":"finished"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 済ん","gloss":"-ed"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 済ん","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"まだ","lemma":"まだ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 帰れ","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"帰れ","lemma":"帰る","morphology":"verb, potential form","role":"adverbial clause on 待っ","gloss":"can go home"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 帰れ","gloss":"can't"},{"surface":"三","lemma":"三","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 時","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"時","lemma":"時","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 待っ","gloss":"o'clock"},{"surface":"まで","lemma":"まで","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"ぽつ","lemma":"ぽつ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 待っ","gloss":"idly"},{"surface":"然","lemma":"然","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 待っ","gloss":"-like"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 然","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase と","gloss":"being"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase と","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"待っ","lemma":"待つ","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"waited"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 待っ","gloss":"(-ing)"},{"surface":"なく","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 待っ","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 待っ","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"なら","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"ん","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":39,"label":"","id":"ch03-p5-s5","source":"三時になると、受持級の生徒が自分の教室を掃除して報知にくるから検分をするんだそうだ。","translation":"At three, students from my homeroom clean their classroom and come to report it, so apparently I have to go inspect it.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p5-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"三","lemma":"三","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 時","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"時","lemma":"時","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of なる","gloss":"o'clock"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"なる","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"verb of the と-clause (時間 becomes)","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of なる","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"受持","lemma":"受持","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 級","gloss":"homeroom"},{"surface":"級","lemma":"級","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 生徒","gloss":"class"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 級","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"生徒","lemma":"生徒","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 掃除","gloss":"students"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 生徒","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"自分","lemma":"自分","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 教室","gloss":"their own"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 自分","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"教室","lemma":"教室","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 掃除","gloss":"classroom"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 教室","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"掃除","lemma":"掃除","morphology":"noun","role":"forms compound verb with し (掃除する 'clean')","gloss":"clean"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"completes the compound verb 掃除する","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"links 掃除し to くる","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"報知","lemma":"報知","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of くる","gloss":"report"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 報知","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"くる","lemma":"くる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on する","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of くる","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"検分","lemma":"検分","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of する","gloss":"inspection"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 検分","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"ん","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"nominalizes する (explanatory ん)","gloss":"the fact that"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase ん","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"そう","lemma":"そうだ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of する (hearsay)","gloss":"apparently"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of する","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":40,"label":"","id":"ch03-p5-s6","source":"それから、出席簿を一応調べてようやくお暇が出る。","translation":"After that I check over the attendance book, and only then am I finally let go.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p5-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"それ","lemma":"それ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination (それから)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase それ","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"出席","lemma":"出席","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 簿","gloss":"attendance"},{"surface":"簿","lemma":"簿","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 調べ","gloss":"book"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 簿","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"一応","lemma":"一応","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 調べ","gloss":"briefly"},{"surface":"調べ","lemma":"調べる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 出る","gloss":"check"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 調べ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ようやく","lemma":"ようやく","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 出る","gloss":"finally"},{"surface":"お","lemma":"お","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 暇","gloss":"(honorific)"},{"surface":"暇","lemma":"暇","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 出る","gloss":"leave"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 暇","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"出る","lemma":"出る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is granted","note":"お暇が出る is idiomatic for being dismissed/let go."}]},{"number":41,"label":"","id":"ch03-p5-s7","source":"いくら月給で買われた身体だって、あいた時間まで学校へ縛りつけて机と睨めっくらをさせるなんて法があるものか。","translation":"Even if my body's bought and paid for by a salary, is there any law that says I have to be chained to school through every free hour, staring down a desk?","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p5-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"いくら","lemma":"いくら","morphology":"adverb","role":"correlates with だって (concessive 'even if')","gloss":"however much"},{"surface":"月給","lemma":"月給","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 買わ","gloss":"salary"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 月給","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"買わ","lemma":"買う","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 身体","gloss":"bought"},{"surface":"れ","lemma":"れる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 買わ","gloss":"(passive)"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 買わ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"身体","lemma":"身体","morphology":"noun","role":"head noun modified by 買わ (relative clause)","gloss":"body"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 身体","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"って","lemma":"って","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 身体 (concessive)","gloss":"even if"},{"surface":"あいた","lemma":"空く","morphology":"verb","role":"modifies 時間 (relative clause)","gloss":"free"},{"surface":"時間","lemma":"時間","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of さ","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"まで","lemma":"まで","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時間","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"学校","lemma":"学校","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 縛り","gloss":"school"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学校","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"縛り","lemma":"縛る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on さ","gloss":"chain"},{"surface":"つけ","lemma":"つける","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on さ","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of つけ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"机","lemma":"机","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies くら","gloss":"desk"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 机","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"睨め","lemma":"睨む","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with くら","gloss":"stare"},{"surface":"っ","lemma":"っ","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with くら","gloss":"(linker)"},{"surface":"くら","lemma":"くら","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of さ","gloss":"match","note":"睨めっくら (睨めっこ) is a staring contest."},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking くら","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"さ","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 法","gloss":"make (do)"},{"surface":"せる","lemma":"せる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of さ","gloss":"(causative)"},{"surface":"なんて","lemma":"なんて","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of さ","gloss":"such a thing as"},{"surface":"法","lemma":"法","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ある","gloss":"law"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 法","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"is there"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もの","gloss":"(rhetorical)","note":"ものか is a rhetorical negation: 'as if there could be!'"}]},{"number":42,"label":"","id":"ch03-p5-s8","source":"しかしほかの連中はみんな大人しくご規則通りやってるから新参のおればかり、だだを捏ねるのもよろしくないと思って我慢していた。","translation":"But since everyone else went along quietly with the rules, I figured it wouldn't do for me, the new hire, to be the only one whining, so I put up with it.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p5-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"しかし","lemma":"しかし","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ほか","lemma":"ほか","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 連中","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ほか","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"連中","lemma":"連中","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of やっ","gloss":"everyone"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 連中","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"みんな","lemma":"みんな","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 大人しく","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"大人しく","lemma":"大人しい","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies やっ","gloss":"quietly"},{"surface":"ご","lemma":"ご","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 通り","gloss":"(honorific)"},{"surface":"規則","lemma":"規則","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 通り","gloss":"rules"},{"surface":"通り","lemma":"通り","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of やっ","gloss":"according to"},{"surface":"やっ","lemma":"やる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 思っ","gloss":"went along"},{"surface":"てる","lemma":"てる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of やっ","gloss":"(ongoing)"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of やっ","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"新参","lemma":"新参","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies おれ","gloss":"newcomer"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 新参","gloss":"who is"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"implicit subject of 捏ねる","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"ばかり","lemma":"ばかり","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"だだ","lemma":"だだ","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 捏ねる","gloss":"whining"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking だだ","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"捏ねる","lemma":"捏ねる","morphology":"verb","role":"verb, forms nominal subject with の","gloss":"whine","note":"だだを捏ねる 'knead tantrums' is idiomatic for whining/throwing a fit."},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"nominalizes 捏ねる","gloss":"(nominalizer)"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 捏ねる","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"よろしく","lemma":"よろしい","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies ない","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"clausal complement of 思っ","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ない","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"思っ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 我慢","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 思っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"我慢","lemma":"我慢","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"endure"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 我慢","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 我慢","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"(ongoing)"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 我慢","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":43,"label":"","id":"ch03-p5-s9","source":"帰りがけに、君何でもかんでも三時過まで学校にいさせるのは愚だぜと山嵐に訴えたら、山嵐はそうさアハハハと笑ったが、あとから真面目になって、君あまり学校の不平を云うと、いかんぜ。","translation":"On the way home I complained to Porcupine that keeping everyone at school past three no matter what was plain foolish, and he laughed, \"That's right, ha ha ha\" — but then turned serious and said, \"You'd best not go around complaining about the school too much.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p5-s9.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"だぜ／いかんぜ","title":"Sentence-final «ぜ» — rough masculine emphasis","body":"«ぜ» tacked onto a plain-form sentence («愚だぜ», «いかんぜ») is a rough, masculine sentence-final particle used among close male friends — it asserts a claim forcefully, like 'I'm telling you.' Both Botchan and Porcupine use it constantly with each other."}],"words":[{"surface":"帰りがけ","lemma":"帰りがけ","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 訴え","gloss":"on the way home"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 帰りがけ","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"君","lemma":"君","morphology":"pronoun","role":"vocative, opens the quoted complaint","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"part of the idiom 何でもかんでも","gloss":"whatever"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"かん","lemma":"かん","morphology":"noun","role":"echoes 何 in the idiom 何でもかんでも","gloss":"whatever"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking かん","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking かん","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"三","lemma":"三","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 過","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"時","lemma":"時","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 過","gloss":"o'clock"},{"surface":"過","lemma":"過ぎ","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of い","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"まで","lemma":"まで","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 過","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"学校","lemma":"学校","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of い","gloss":"school"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学校","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"forms nominalized clause, predicate is 愚","gloss":"stay"},{"surface":"させる","lemma":"させる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of い","gloss":"make (them)"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"nominalizes い させる","gloss":"(nominalizer)"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking い","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"愚","lemma":"愚","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 訴え","gloss":"foolish"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 愚","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ぜ","lemma":"ぜ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence-final particle on 愚だ","gloss":"(emphatic)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 愚","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"山嵐","lemma":"山嵐","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of 訴え","gloss":"Porcupine"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 山嵐","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"訴え","lemma":"訴える","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 笑っ","gloss":"complained"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 訴え","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"山嵐","lemma":"山嵐","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of 笑っ","gloss":"Porcupine"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 山嵐","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"そう","lemma":"そう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 笑っ","gloss":"that's right"},{"surface":"さア","lemma":"さあ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence-final particle on そう","gloss":"(exclamation)"},{"surface":"ハハハ","lemma":"ハハハ","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 笑っ","gloss":"ha ha ha"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ハハハ","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"笑っ","lemma":"笑う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on なっ","gloss":"laughed"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 笑っ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 笑っ","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"あと","lemma":"あと","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of なっ","gloss":"afterward"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking あと","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"真面目","lemma":"真面目","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on なっ","gloss":"serious"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 真面目","gloss":"(becoming)"},{"surface":"なっ","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 云う","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of なっ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"君","lemma":"君","morphology":"pronoun","role":"vocative, subject of 云う","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"あまり","lemma":"あまり","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 云う","gloss":"too much"},{"surface":"学校","lemma":"学校","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 不平","gloss":"school"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学校","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"不平","lemma":"不平","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 云う","gloss":"complaints"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 不平","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on いか","gloss":"complain"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 云う","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"いか","lemma":"いく","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"won't do","note":"いかん (contracted いけない) means 'no good, mustn't.'"},{"surface":"ん","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of いか","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ぜ","lemma":"ぜ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence-final particle on いかん","gloss":"(emphatic)"}]},{"number":44,"label":"","id":"ch03-p5-s10","source":"云うなら僕だけに話せ、随分妙な人も居るからなと忠告がましい事を云った。","translation":"\"If you're going to say it, say it to me only — there are some pretty odd characters around here,\" he added, sounding for all the world like he was giving me a warning.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p5-s10.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 話せ","gloss":"say"},{"surface":"なら","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云う","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"僕","lemma":"僕","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of 話せ","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"だけ","lemma":"だけ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 僕","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 僕","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"話せ","lemma":"話す","morphology":"verb","role":"imperative, quoted content of 云っ","gloss":"tell"},{"surface":"随分","lemma":"随分","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 妙","gloss":"quite"},{"surface":"妙","lemma":"妙","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 人","gloss":"strange"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 妙","gloss":"(attributive)"},{"surface":"人","lemma":"人","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 居る","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 人","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"居る","lemma":"居る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 云っ","gloss":"there are"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 居る","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"な","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence-final particle on 居るから","gloss":"(emphasis)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 居る","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"忠告","lemma":"忠告","morphology":"noun","role":"root noun of 忠告がましい ('warning-like')","gloss":"warning"},{"surface":"がましい","lemma":"がましい","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 忠告","gloss":"-like"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 云っ","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 事","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云っ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":45,"label":"","id":"ch03-p5-s11","source":"四つ角で分れたから詳しい事は聞くひまがなかった。","translation":"We parted ways at the crossroads, so there was no time to ask what he meant by it.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p5-s11.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"四つ角","lemma":"四つ角","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 分れ","gloss":"crossroads"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 四つ角","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"分れ","lemma":"分かれる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on なかっ","gloss":"parted"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 分れ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 分れ","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"詳しい","lemma":"詳しい","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 事","gloss":"detailed"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"depends on なかっ","gloss":"matter"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 事","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"聞く","lemma":"聞く","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying ひま","gloss":"ask"},{"surface":"ひま","lemma":"ひま","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of なかっ","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ひま","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"なかっ","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"there wasn't"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なかっ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":46,"label":"7","id":"ch03-p7-s1","source":"それからうちへ帰ってくると、宿の亭主がお茶を入れましょうと云ってやって来る。","translation":"Then when I get back to my lodgings, the landlord comes along saying he'll make the tea.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p7-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"それ","lemma":"それ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"part of the phrase それから","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking それ","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"うち","lemma":"うち","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 帰っ","gloss":"home"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking うち","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"帰っ","lemma":"帰る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 来る (main verb, via と)","gloss":"return"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 帰っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"くる","lemma":"くる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 帰っ","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"宿","lemma":"宿","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 亭主","gloss":"inn"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 宿","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"亭主","lemma":"亭主","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 云っ","gloss":"landlord"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 亭主","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"お","lemma":"お","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 茶","gloss":"(honorific)"},{"surface":"茶","lemma":"茶","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 入れ","gloss":"tea"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 茶","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"入れ","lemma":"入れる","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 云っ","gloss":"make"},{"surface":"ましょう","lemma":"ます","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 入れ","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 入れ","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on やっ","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 云っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"やっ","lemma":"やる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 来る","gloss":"along"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of やっ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"来る","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"comes"}]},{"number":47,"label":"","id":"ch03-p7-s2","source":"お茶を入れると云うからご馳走をするのかと思うと、おれの茶を遠慮なく入れて自分が飲むのだ。","translation":"Hearing \"make the tea,\" I figured he meant to treat me, but he brews my own tea without the slightest hesitation and drinks it himself.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p7-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"お","lemma":"お","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 茶","gloss":"(honorific)"},{"surface":"茶","lemma":"茶","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 入れる","gloss":"tea"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 茶","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"入れる","lemma":"入れる","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 云う","gloss":"make"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 入れる","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on する","gloss":"say"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 云う","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"ご馳走","lemma":"ご馳走","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of する","gloss":"treat"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ご馳走","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 思う","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of する","gloss":"(nominalizer)"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of する","gloss":"(question)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking する","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"思う","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 飲む","gloss":"figured"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 思う","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 茶","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"(possessive)"},{"surface":"茶","lemma":"茶","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 入れ","gloss":"tea"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 茶","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"遠慮","lemma":"遠慮","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with なく","gloss":"hesitation"},{"surface":"なく","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 入れ","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"入れ","lemma":"入れる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 飲む","gloss":"brews"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 入れ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"自分","lemma":"自分","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 飲む","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 自分","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"飲む","lemma":"飲む","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"drinks"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 飲む","gloss":"(nominalizer)"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase の","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":48,"label":"","id":"ch03-p7-s3","source":"この様子では留守中も勝手にお茶を入れましょうを一人で履行しているかも知れない。","translation":"At this rate, he's probably carrying out his own private \"I'll make the tea\" routine even while I'm out.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p7-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 様子","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"様子","lemma":"様子","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 履行","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 様子","gloss":"(at)"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 様子","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"留守","lemma":"留守","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 中","gloss":"away"},{"surface":"中","lemma":"中","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 勝手に","gloss":"during"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 中","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"勝手に","lemma":"勝手に","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 入れ","gloss":"as he pleases"},{"surface":"お","lemma":"お","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 茶","gloss":"(honorific)"},{"surface":"茶","lemma":"茶","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 入れ","gloss":"tea"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 茶","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"入れ","lemma":"入れる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 履行","gloss":"make"},{"surface":"ましょう","lemma":"ます","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 入れ","gloss":"I'll"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 入れ","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"一人","lemma":"一人","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 履行","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 一人","gloss":"(by)"},{"surface":"履行","lemma":"履行","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"carries out"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 履行","gloss":"(does)"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 履行","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"いる","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"is -ing"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 履行","gloss":"(maybe)"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase か","gloss":"(perhaps)"},{"surface":"知れ","lemma":"知れる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase か","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase か","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":49,"label":"","id":"ch03-p7-s4","source":"亭主が云うには手前は書画骨董がすきで、とうとうこんな商買を内々で始めるようになりました。","translation":"As the landlord tells it, he's fond of paintings and antiques, and eventually took up dealing in them quietly on the side.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p7-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"亭主","lemma":"亭主","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of すき","gloss":"landlord"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 亭主","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"oblique complement of すき","gloss":"tells"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 云う","gloss":"(as)"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 云う","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"手前","lemma":"手前","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of すき","gloss":"I","note":"手前 is the landlord's own humble first-person pronoun in his reported speech; our translation recasts it as \"he\" for smooth indirect discourse."},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 手前","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"書画","lemma":"書画","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 骨董","gloss":"paintings"},{"surface":"骨董","lemma":"骨董","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of すき","gloss":"antiques"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 骨董","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"すき","lemma":"好き","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 始める","gloss":"fond of"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of すき","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"とうとう","lemma":"とうとう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 始める","gloss":"eventually"},{"surface":"こんな","lemma":"こんな","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 買","gloss":"this kind of"},{"surface":"商","lemma":"商","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 買","gloss":"business"},{"surface":"買","lemma":"買","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 始める","gloss":"dealing","note":"商買 is an old kanji spelling of 商売 (shōbai), \"business, trade.\""},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 買","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"内々","lemma":"内々","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 始める","gloss":"quietly"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 内々","gloss":"(in)"},{"surface":"始める","lemma":"始める","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on なり","gloss":"start"},{"surface":"よう","lemma":"よう","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 始める","gloss":"(way)"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking よう","gloss":"(to)"},{"surface":"なり","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"まし","lemma":"ます","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なり","gloss":"(polite)"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なり","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":50,"label":"","id":"ch03-p7-s5","source":"あなたもお見受け申すところ大分ご風流でいらっしゃるらしい。","translation":"\"And from what I can see, you yourself seem to have quite the artistic bent.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p7-s5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"お見受け申す／ご風流でいらっしゃる","title":"Keigo: humble + respectful, laid on thick","body":"«お見受け申す» is humble language (謙譲語) — the landlord lowers his own act of 'observing' you; «ご風流でいらっしゃる» is respectful language (尊敬語) — «いらっしゃる» elevates the listener's state of being. Stacking both this heavily on a lodging-house owner reads as oily flattery, not genuine formality."}],"words":[{"surface":"あなた","lemma":"あなた","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 風流","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking あなた","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"お","lemma":"お","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 見","gloss":"(honorific)"},{"surface":"見","lemma":"見る","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with 受け","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"受け","lemma":"受ける","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying ところ","gloss":"perceive"},{"surface":"申す","lemma":"申す","morphology":"verb","role":"auxiliary of 受け","gloss":"(humbly)"},{"surface":"ところ","lemma":"ところ","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 風流","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"大分","lemma":"大分","morphology":"adverb","role":"compound with 風流","gloss":"quite"},{"surface":"ご","lemma":"ご","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 風流","gloss":"(honorific)"},{"surface":"風流","lemma":"風流","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"artistic taste"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 風流","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"いらっしゃる","lemma":"いらっしゃる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"(honorific)"},{"surface":"らしい","lemma":"らしい","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 風流","gloss":"seem"}]},{"number":51,"label":"","id":"ch03-p7-s6","source":"ちと道楽にお始めなすってはいかがですと、飛んでもない勧誘をやる。","translation":"\"Why not take it up as a little hobby yourself?\" — an absolutely outrageous pitch.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p7-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ちと","lemma":"ちと","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 始め","gloss":"a little"},{"surface":"道楽","lemma":"道楽","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with ちと","gloss":"hobby"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 道楽","gloss":"(as)"},{"surface":"お","lemma":"お","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 始め","gloss":"(honorific)"},{"surface":"始め","lemma":"始め","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of いかが","gloss":"start"},{"surface":"なすっ","lemma":"なさる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 始め","gloss":"(honorific)"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 始め","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 始め","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"いかが","lemma":"いかが","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on やる","gloss":"how about"},{"surface":"です","lemma":"です","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of いかが","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of いかが","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"飛ん","lemma":"飛ぶ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on やる","gloss":"outrageous","note":"とんでもない (lit. \"not even flying\") is a fixed idiom meaning \"outrageous, unthinkable\"; the individual pieces do not carry literal meaning here."},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 飛ん","gloss":"(idiom)"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"(idiom)"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"(idiom)"},{"surface":"勧誘","lemma":"勧誘","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of やる","gloss":"pitch"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 勧誘","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"やる","lemma":"やる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"gives"}]},{"number":52,"label":"","id":"ch03-p7-s7","source":"二年前ある人の使に帝国ホテルへ行った時は錠前直しと間違えられた事がある。","translation":"Two years ago, running an errand for someone at the Imperial Hotel, I was once mistaken for a locksmith.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p7-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"二","lemma":"二","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 前","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"年","lemma":"年","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 前","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"前","lemma":"前","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 使","gloss":"ago"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"modifies 人","gloss":"a certain"},{"surface":"人","lemma":"人","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 使","gloss":"person"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 人","gloss":"(for)"},{"surface":"使","lemma":"使","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 行っ","gloss":"errand"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 使","gloss":"(on)"},{"surface":"帝国","lemma":"帝国","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with ホテル","gloss":"imperial"},{"surface":"ホテル","lemma":"ホテル","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 行っ","gloss":"hotel"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ホテル","gloss":"(to)"},{"surface":"行っ","lemma":"行く","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 時","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 行っ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"時","lemma":"時","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 間違え","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"錠前","lemma":"錠前","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 直し","gloss":"lock"},{"surface":"直し","lemma":"直し","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 間違え","gloss":"repairer"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 直し","gloss":"(as)"},{"surface":"間違え","lemma":"間違える","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"mistaken"},{"surface":"られ","lemma":"られる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 間違え","gloss":"(passive)"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 間違え","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 間違え","gloss":"experience"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase 事","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase 事","gloss":"have"}]},{"number":53,"label":"","id":"ch03-p7-s8","source":"ケットを被って、鎌倉の大仏を見物した時は車屋から親方と云われた。","translation":"Wearing a blanket over my head to go see the Great Buddha of Kamakura, a rickshaw man once called me \"boss.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p7-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ケット","lemma":"ケット","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 被っ","gloss":"blanket"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ケット","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"被っ","lemma":"被る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 見物","gloss":"wearing"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 被っ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"鎌倉","lemma":"鎌倉","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies 大仏","gloss":"Kamakura"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 鎌倉","gloss":"(of)"},{"surface":"大仏","lemma":"大仏","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 見物","gloss":"Great Buddha"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 大仏","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"見物","lemma":"見物","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 時","gloss":"viewed"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 見物","gloss":"(did)"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 見物","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"時","lemma":"時","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 云わ","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"車屋","lemma":"車屋","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 云わ","gloss":"rickshaw man"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 車屋","gloss":"(by)"},{"surface":"親方","lemma":"親方","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 云わ","gloss":"boss"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 親方","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"云わ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"called"},{"surface":"れ","lemma":"れる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云わ","gloss":"(passive)"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云わ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":54,"label":"","id":"ch03-p7-s9","source":"その外今日まで見損われた事は随分あるが、まだおれをつらまえて大分ご風流でいらっしゃると云ったものはない。","translation":"I've been mistaken for all sorts of things over the years besides, but no one has ever yet grabbed hold of me and called me a man of refined taste.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p7-s9.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"その","lemma":"その","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 今日","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"外","lemma":"外","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 今日","gloss":"besides"},{"surface":"今日","lemma":"今日","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 事","gloss":"today"},{"surface":"まで","lemma":"まで","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 今日","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"見","lemma":"見る","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with 損わ","gloss":"(mistake)"},{"surface":"損わ","lemma":"損う","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 事","gloss":"mistake"},{"surface":"れ","lemma":"れる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 損わ","gloss":"(passive)"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 損わ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ある","gloss":"things"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 事","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"随分","lemma":"随分","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ある","gloss":"quite a lot"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on ない","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ある","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"まだ","lemma":"まだ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies つらまえ","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of つらまえ","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"つらまえ","lemma":"つかまえる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 云っ","gloss":"grabbed","note":"つらまえる is a colloquial variant of つかまえる, \"to grab, catch hold of.\""},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of つらまえ","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"大分","lemma":"大分","morphology":"adverb","role":"compound with 風流","gloss":"quite"},{"surface":"ご","lemma":"ご","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 風流","gloss":"(honorific)"},{"surface":"風流","lemma":"風流","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 云っ","gloss":"refined taste"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 風流","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"いらっしゃる","lemma":"いらっしゃる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"(honorific)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 風流","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"called"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云っ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ない","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もの","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"none"}]},{"number":55,"label":"","id":"ch03-p7-s10","source":"大抵はなりや様子でも分る。","translation":"Usually you can tell just from a person's looks and manner.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p7-s10.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"大抵","lemma":"大抵","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 分る","gloss":"usually"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 大抵","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"なり","lemma":"なり","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 様子","gloss":"looks"},{"surface":"や","lemma":"や","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking なり","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"様子","lemma":"様子","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 分る","gloss":"manner"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 様子","gloss":"(from)"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 様子","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"分る","lemma":"分る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"tell"}]},{"number":56,"label":"","id":"ch03-p7-s11","source":"風流人なんていうものは、画を見ても、頭巾を被るか短冊を持ってるものだ。","translation":"You can spot a man of taste even in a picture: he will be wearing a hood or holding a poetry slip.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p7-s11.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"風流","lemma":"風流","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 人","gloss":"refined"},{"surface":"人","lemma":"人","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies もの","gloss":"person"},{"surface":"なんて","lemma":"なんて","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 人","gloss":"so-called"},{"surface":"いう","lemma":"いう","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase なんて","gloss":"called"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"head noun of the subject phrase","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もの","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"画","lemma":"画","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 見","gloss":"painting"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 画","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"見","lemma":"見る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 持っ","gloss":"looks at"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 見","gloss":"(even)"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 見","gloss":"(even if)"},{"surface":"頭巾","lemma":"頭巾","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 被る","gloss":"hood"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 頭巾","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"被る","lemma":"被る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 短冊","gloss":"wears"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 被る","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"短冊","lemma":"短冊","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 持っ","gloss":"poem-strip"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 短冊","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"持っ","lemma":"持つ","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"holds"},{"surface":"てる","lemma":"てる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 持っ","gloss":"is -ing"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to もの","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":57,"label":"","id":"ch03-p7-s12","source":"このおれを風流人だなどと真面目に云うのはただの曲者じゃない。","translation":"Anyone who seriously calls me a man of taste is no ordinary rogue.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p7-s12.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of おれ","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 云う","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"object marker on おれ","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"風流","lemma":"風流","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 人 (modifies it)","gloss":"of taste"},{"surface":"人","lemma":"人","morphology":"noun","role":"predicate noun (with だ), quoted content object-complement of 云う","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 人","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"など","lemma":"など","morphology":"particle","role":"adds 'or the like' to 風流人だ","gloss":"or such"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"quote marker introducing 云う","gloss":"quote marker"},{"surface":"真面目","lemma":"真面目","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial modifier (with に) on 云う","gloss":"serious"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"adverbial particle on 真面目","gloss":"-ly","note":"Adverbial に on the na-adjective 真面目, not the auxiliary だ."},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"predicate of the clause nominalized by の (topic of the sentence)","gloss":"calls"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"nominalizes the preceding clause","gloss":"the one who"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"topic marker on 云うの","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"ただ","lemma":"ただ","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 曲者","gloss":"mere"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"attributive marker linking ただ to 曲者","gloss":"attributive marker"},{"surface":"曲者","lemma":"曲者","morphology":"noun","role":"predicate noun of the sentence","gloss":"rogue"},{"surface":"じゃ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula (contracted では) before ない","gloss":"is","note":"じゃ is the colloquial contraction of では before ない."},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"negates じゃ","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":58,"label":"","id":"ch03-p7-s13","source":"おれはそんな呑気な隠居のやるような事は嫌いだと云ったら、亭主はへへへへと笑いながら、いえ始めから好きなものは、どなたもございませんが、いったんこの道にはいるとなかなか出られませんと一人で茶を注いで妙な手付をして飲んでいる。","translation":"I told him I hated the sort of thing idle old retirees busy themselves with, and the landlord just laughed \"heh heh heh\" and said, \"No, no one likes it from the start, sir, but once you step into this world you can hardly step back out\" — and went on pouring himself tea, sipping it with some strange flourish of the hand.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p7-s13.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 云っ","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"topic marker on おれ","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"そんな","lemma":"そんな","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 隠居","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"呑気","lemma":"呑気","morphology":"noun","role":"clause modifying 隠居 (with な)","gloss":"idle"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"adnominal copula linking 呑気 to 隠居","gloss":"adjectival marker"},{"surface":"隠居","lemma":"隠居","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of やる","gloss":"retiree"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"subject marker on 隠居 (in relative clause)","gloss":"subject marker"},{"surface":"やる","lemma":"やる","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 事","gloss":"does"},{"surface":"よう","lemma":"よう","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of やる (with な), modifies 事","gloss":"sort of"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"adnominal copula linking よう to 事","gloss":"adjectival marker"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 嫌い","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"topic marker on 事","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"嫌い","lemma":"嫌い","morphology":"noun","role":"predicate of the quoted clause (with だ)","gloss":"dislike"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 嫌い","gloss":"am"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"quote marker introducing 云っ","gloss":"quote marker"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause (conditional) on 笑い","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"たら","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"conditional marker on 云っ","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"亭主","lemma":"亭主","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 笑い","gloss":"landlord"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"topic marker on 亭主","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"へへへへ","lemma":"へへへへ","morphology":"interjection","role":"quoted manner adverbial on 笑い","gloss":"heh heh heh"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"quote marker introducing 笑い","gloss":"quote marker"},{"surface":"笑い","lemma":"笑う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause (with ながら) on 飲ん","gloss":"laughs"},{"surface":"ながら","lemma":"ながら","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the concurrent clause of 笑い","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"いえ","lemma":"いえ","morphology":"interjection","role":"response particle opening the quoted speech","gloss":"no","note":"Here いえ is the polite negative interjection ('no, sir'), not a form of the verb 言える."},{"surface":"始め","lemma":"始め","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement (with から) modifying 好き","gloss":"start"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 始め","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"好き","lemma":"好き","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"fond of"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"adnominal copula linking 好き to もの","gloss":"adjectival marker"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"topic of ござい (notional subject)","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"topic marker on もの","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"どなた","lemma":"どなた","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of ござい","gloss":"anyone"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking どなた (forms negative polarity)","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"ござい","lemma":"ござる","morphology":"verb","role":"predicate of the clause, connected via が to 出","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ませ","lemma":"ます","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of ござい","gloss":"(polite)"},{"surface":"ん","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of ござい","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"connects ございません to はいる clause (contrastive)","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"いったん","lemma":"いったん","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies はいる","gloss":"once"},{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 道","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"道","lemma":"道","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of はいる","gloss":"path"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 道","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"はいる","lemma":"はいる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 出","gloss":"enter"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of はいる","gloss":"once"},{"surface":"なかなか","lemma":"なかなか","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 出","gloss":"not easily"},{"surface":"出","lemma":"出る","morphology":"verb","role":"predicate of the quoted clause (with られません)","gloss":"get out"},{"surface":"られ","lemma":"られる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出","gloss":"(potential)"},{"surface":"ませ","lemma":"ます","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出","gloss":"(polite)"},{"surface":"ん","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"closes the quoted clause, introduces 注い","gloss":"quote marker"},{"surface":"一人","lemma":"一人","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 注い","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"manner particle on 一人","gloss":"by himself"},{"surface":"茶","lemma":"茶","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 注い","gloss":"tea"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"object marker on 茶","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"注い","lemma":"注ぐ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on し","gloss":"pours"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 注い","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"妙","lemma":"妙","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 手付","gloss":"strange"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"adnominal copula linking 妙 to 手付","gloss":"adjectival marker"},{"surface":"手付","lemma":"手付","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of し","gloss":"gesture"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"object marker on 手付","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 飲ん","gloss":"does"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"飲ん","lemma":"飲む","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"drinks"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 飲ん (progressive)","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"いる","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で (progressive auxiliary)","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":59,"label":"","id":"ch03-p7-s14","source":"実はゆうべ茶を買ってくれと頼んでおいたのだが、こんな苦い濃い茶はいやだ。","translation":"Truth is, I'd asked him the night before to buy some tea, but I can't stand it this bitter and strong.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p7-s14.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"実","lemma":"実","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 頼ん (with は)","gloss":"truth is"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 実","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"ゆうべ","lemma":"ゆうべ","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 買っ (temporal)","gloss":"last night"},{"surface":"茶","lemma":"茶","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 買っ","gloss":"tea"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"object marker on 茶","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"買っ","lemma":"買う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 頼ん","gloss":"buy"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 買っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"くれ","lemma":"くれる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て (benefactive)","gloss":"for me"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"quote marker introducing 頼ん","gloss":"quote marker"},{"surface":"頼ん","lemma":"頼む","morphology":"verb","role":"predicate of the first clause, contrasted via が with いや","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 頼ん","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"おい","lemma":"おく","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で (aspectual, in advance)","gloss":"beforehand"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 頼ん","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"nominalizer forming のだ (explanatory)","gloss":"(explanatory)"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase の","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"connects to いや clause (contrastive)","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"こんな","lemma":"こんな","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 苦い濃い茶","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"苦い","lemma":"苦い","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies 濃い茶","gloss":"bitter"},{"surface":"濃い茶","lemma":"濃い茶","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of いや","gloss":"strong tea"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"topic marker on 濃い茶","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"いや","lemma":"いや","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"hate it"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of いや","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":60,"label":"","id":"ch03-p7-s15","source":"一杯飲むと胃に答えるような気がする。","translation":"One cup of it and I can feel it hit my stomach.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p7-s15.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"一","lemma":"一","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 杯","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"杯","lemma":"杯","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 飲む","gloss":"cup"},{"surface":"飲む","lemma":"飲む","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 答える","gloss":"drink"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 飲む","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"胃","lemma":"胃","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 答える","gloss":"stomach"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 胃","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"答える","lemma":"答える","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 気","gloss":"hits"},{"surface":"よう","lemma":"よう","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 答える","gloss":"as if"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 答える","gloss":"adjectival marker"},{"surface":"気","lemma":"気","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of する","gloss":"feeling"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"subject marker on 気","gloss":"subject marker"},{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"feel"}]},{"number":61,"label":"","id":"ch03-p7-s16","source":"今度からもっと苦くないのを買ってくれと云ったら、かしこまりましたとまた一杯しぼって飲んだ。","translation":"When I told him to buy something less bitter next time, he said \"certainly, sir,\" and squeezed out another cup for himself.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p7-s16.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"かしこまりました","title":"«かしこまりました» かしこまりました (kashikomarimashita)","body":"«かしこまりました» かしこまりました (kashikomarimashita) is the standard humble reply for 'certainly / understood,' used by someone in service toward a customer or superior. The landlord answers Botchan with perfect formal deference — right before helping himself to another cup of the tea he was just told to fix."}],"words":[{"surface":"今度","lemma":"今度","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 買っ (temporal)","gloss":"next time"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 今度","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"もっと","lemma":"もっと","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ない","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"苦く","lemma":"苦い","morphology":"adjective","role":"compound with ない","gloss":"bitter"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying の","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"pronoun","role":"pronoun ('the one', standing for 茶), object of 買っ","gloss":"one","note":"の here is a pro-form for 茶 ('the tea'), not a subordinator."},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"object marker on の","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"買っ","lemma":"買う","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 云っ","gloss":"buy"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 買っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"くれ","lemma":"くれる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て (benefactive)","gloss":"for me"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"quote marker introducing 云っ","gloss":"quote marker"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on かしこまり","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"たら","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"conditional marker on 云っ","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"かしこまり","lemma":"かしこまる","morphology":"verb","role":"predicate of the quoted response","gloss":"certainly"},{"surface":"まし","lemma":"ます","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of かしこまり","gloss":"(polite)"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of かしこまり","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"closes the quote, introduces 飲ん","gloss":"quote marker"},{"surface":"また","lemma":"また","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies しぼっ","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"一杯","lemma":"一杯","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies しぼっ (quantity)","gloss":"one cup"},{"surface":"しぼっ","lemma":"しぼる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 飲ん","gloss":"squeezes out"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of しぼっ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"飲ん","lemma":"飲む","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"drank"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 飲ん","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":62,"label":"","id":"ch03-p7-s17","source":"人の茶だと思って無暗に飲む奴だ。","translation":"The man just drinks whatever he pleases, thinking of it as somebody else's tea.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p7-s17.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"人","lemma":"人","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 茶","gloss":"other person"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"possessive marker on 人","gloss":"possessive marker"},{"surface":"茶","lemma":"茶","morphology":"noun","role":"clausal complement of 思っ","gloss":"tea"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 茶","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"quote marker introducing 思っ","gloss":"quote marker"},{"surface":"思っ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 飲む","gloss":"thinks"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 思っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"無暗","lemma":"無暗","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause (with に) on 飲む","gloss":"rash"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"adverbial particle on 無暗","gloss":"-ly","note":"Adverbial に on 無暗, not the auxiliary だ."},{"surface":"飲む","lemma":"飲む","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 奴","gloss":"drinks"},{"surface":"奴","lemma":"奴","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"guy"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 奴","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":63,"label":"","id":"ch03-p7-s18","source":"主人が引き下がってから、明日の下読をしてすぐ寝てしまった。","translation":"Once the landlord finally withdrew, I looked over tomorrow's lesson and went straight to bed.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p7-s18.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"主人","lemma":"主人","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 引き","gloss":"landlord"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"subject marker on 主人","gloss":"subject marker"},{"surface":"引き","lemma":"引く","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with 下がっ (引き下がる = withdraw)","gloss":"draws"},{"surface":"下がっ","lemma":"下がる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause (temporal, via から) on 寝","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 下がっ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 下がっ","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"明日","lemma":"明日","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 読","gloss":"tomorrow"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"possessive marker on 明日","gloss":"possessive marker"},{"surface":"下","lemma":"下","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 読","gloss":"pre-"},{"surface":"読","lemma":"読","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of し","gloss":"reading"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"object marker on 読","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 寝","gloss":"does"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"すぐ","lemma":"すぐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 寝","gloss":"right away"},{"surface":"寝","lemma":"寝る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"goes to bed"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 寝","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"しまっ","lemma":"しまう","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て (completive)","gloss":"completely"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 寝","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":64,"label":"9","id":"ch03-p9-s1","source":"それから毎日毎日学校へ出ては規則通り働く、毎日毎日帰って来ると主人がお茶を入れましょうと出てくる。","translation":"After that, day after day I went to school and worked by the rules, and day after day I came home to the landlord popping out with his \"I'll make the tea.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p9-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"それ","lemma":"それ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 出 (temporal, with から)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase それ","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"毎日","lemma":"毎日","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 出","gloss":"every day"},{"surface":"毎日","lemma":"毎日","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 出","gloss":"every day"},{"surface":"学校","lemma":"学校","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 出","gloss":"school"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学校","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"出","lemma":"出る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 働く","gloss":"go to"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 出","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"emphatic particle marking 出","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"規則","lemma":"規則","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 通り","gloss":"rules"},{"surface":"通り","lemma":"通り","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 働く","gloss":"according to"},{"surface":"働く","lemma":"働く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 帰っ","gloss":"works"},{"surface":"毎日","lemma":"毎日","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 帰っ","gloss":"every day"},{"surface":"毎日","lemma":"毎日","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 帰っ","gloss":"every day"},{"surface":"帰っ","lemma":"帰る","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with 来る (帰って来る = comes back)","gloss":"returns"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 帰っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"来る","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause (temporal, with と) on 出","gloss":"comes"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 来る","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"主人","lemma":"主人","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 入れ","gloss":"landlord"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"subject marker on 主人","gloss":"subject marker"},{"surface":"お","lemma":"お","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 茶 (honorific prefix)","gloss":"(honorific)"},{"surface":"茶","lemma":"茶","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 入れ","gloss":"tea"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"object marker on 茶","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"入れ","lemma":"入れる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 出","gloss":"makes"},{"surface":"ましょう","lemma":"ます","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 入れ (volitional)","gloss":"I'll"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"quote marker introducing 出","gloss":"quote marker"},{"surface":"出","lemma":"出る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"comes out"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 出","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"くる","lemma":"くる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て (directional auxiliary)","gloss":"toward us"}]},{"number":65,"label":"","id":"ch03-p9-s2","source":"一週間ばかりしたら学校の様子もひと通りは飲み込めたし、宿の夫婦の人物も大概は分った。","translation":"After about a week I'd more or less gotten the hang of how the school worked, and had mostly sized up the couple who ran my lodgings.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p9-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"一","lemma":"一","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 週間","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"週間","lemma":"週間","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of し","gloss":"week"},{"surface":"ばかり","lemma":"ばかり","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 週間","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 分っ","gloss":"passed"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of し","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"学校","lemma":"学校","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 様子","gloss":"school"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学校","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"様子","lemma":"様子","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 飲み","gloss":"state"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 様子","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"ひと通り","lemma":"ひと通り","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 様子","gloss":"generally"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ひと通り","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"飲み","lemma":"飲む","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 分っ","gloss":"grasped"},{"surface":"込め","lemma":"込める","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 分っ","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 込め","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"し","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 込め","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"宿","lemma":"宿","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 夫婦","gloss":"lodging house"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 宿","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"夫婦","lemma":"夫婦","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 人物","gloss":"couple"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 夫婦","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"人物","lemma":"人物","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 分っ","gloss":"character"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 人物","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"大概","lemma":"大概","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 分っ","gloss":"mostly"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 大概","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"分っ","lemma":"分る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"figured out"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 分っ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":66,"label":"","id":"ch03-p9-s3","source":"ほかの教師に聞いてみると辞令を受けて一週間から一ヶ月ぐらいの間は自分の評判がいいだろうか、悪るいだろうか非常に気に掛かるそうであるが、おれは一向そんな感じはなかった。","translation":"Asking the other teachers, I gathered that for the week or month after receiving your appointment, you fret terribly over whether your reputation is good or bad — but I felt nothing of the kind at all.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p9-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ほか","lemma":"ほか","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 教師","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ほか","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"教師","lemma":"教師","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 聞い","gloss":"teachers"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 教師","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"聞い","lemma":"聞く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 受け","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 聞い","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"みる","lemma":"みる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"tried"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 聞い","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"辞令","lemma":"辞令","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 受け","gloss":"appointment"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 辞令","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"受け","lemma":"受ける","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 掛かる","gloss":"received"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 受け","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"一","lemma":"一","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 週間","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"週間","lemma":"週間","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 掛かる","gloss":"week"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 週間","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"一","lemma":"一","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies ヶ月","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"ヶ月","lemma":"ヶ月","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 間","gloss":"month"},{"surface":"ぐらい","lemma":"ぐらい","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ヶ月","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ヶ月","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"間","lemma":"間","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 掛かる","gloss":"period"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 間","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"自分","lemma":"自分","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 評判","gloss":"own"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 自分","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"評判","lemma":"評判","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of いい","gloss":"reputation"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 評判","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"いい","lemma":"いい","morphology":"adjective","role":"complement clause of 掛かる, coordinated with 悪るい","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"だろう","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of いい","gloss":"probably"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of いい","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"悪るい","lemma":"悪い","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 掛かる","gloss":"bad","note":"悪るい is the Meiji-era spelling of modern 悪い."},{"surface":"だろう","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 悪るい","gloss":"probably"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 悪るい","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"非常","lemma":"非常","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 掛かる","gloss":"extraordinary"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 非常","gloss":"extremely"},{"surface":"気","lemma":"気","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 掛かる","gloss":"mind"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 気","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"掛かる","lemma":"掛かる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on なかっ","gloss":"weighs"},{"surface":"そう","lemma":"そう","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 掛かる","gloss":"apparently"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 掛かる","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 掛かる","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of なかっ","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"一向","lemma":"一向","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies なかっ","gloss":"at all"},{"surface":"そんな","lemma":"そんな","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 感じ","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"感じ","lemma":"感じ","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of なかっ","gloss":"feeling"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 感じ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"なかっ","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was not"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なかっ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":67,"label":"","id":"ch03-p9-s4","source":"教場で折々しくじるとその時だけはやな心持ちだが三十分ばかり立つと奇麗に消えてしまう。","translation":"When I slipped up now and then in class it felt rotten in the moment, but after about half an hour it vanished clean away.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p9-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"教場","lemma":"教場","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of しくじる","gloss":"classroom"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 教場","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"折々","lemma":"折々","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies しくじる","gloss":"now and then"},{"surface":"しくじる","lemma":"しくじる","morphology":"verb","role":"conditional clause modifying 消え","gloss":"slips up"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking しくじる","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"その","lemma":"その","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 時","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"時","lemma":"時","morphology":"noun","role":"temporal adjunct of 心持ち","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"だけ","lemma":"だけ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"や","lemma":"いや","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies 心持ち","gloss":"unpleasant","note":"や here is a colloquial clipping of いや (unpleasant)."},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"attributive form of や","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"心持ち","lemma":"心持ち","morphology":"noun","role":"predicate, contrasted with 消え clause","gloss":"feeling"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 心持ち","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 心持ち","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"三十","lemma":"三十","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 分","gloss":"thirty"},{"surface":"分","lemma":"分","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 立つ","gloss":"minutes"},{"surface":"ばかり","lemma":"ばかり","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 分","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"立つ","lemma":"立つ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 消え","gloss":"passes"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"particle marking 立つ","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"奇麗","lemma":"奇麗","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 消え","gloss":"clean"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"adverbializer of 奇麗","gloss":"completely"},{"surface":"消え","lemma":"消える","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"vanishes"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 消え","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"しまう","lemma":"しまう","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"completely"}]},{"number":68,"label":"","id":"ch03-p9-s5","source":"おれは何事によらず長く心配しようと思っても心配が出来ない男だ。","translation":"Whatever the matter, I'm the sort of man who can't manage to worry for long even when I try to.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p9-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 男","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"何事","lemma":"何事","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 心配","gloss":"anything"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何事","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"よら","lemma":"よる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase に","gloss":"depend"},{"surface":"ず","lemma":"ず","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase に","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"長く","lemma":"長い","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 心配","gloss":"for long"},{"surface":"心配","lemma":"心配","morphology":"noun","role":"clausal complement of 思っ","gloss":"worry"},{"surface":"しよう","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 心配","gloss":"try to"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 心配","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"思っ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 出来","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 思っ","gloss":"though"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 思っ","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"心配","lemma":"心配","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 出来","gloss":"worry"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 心配","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"出来","lemma":"出来る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 男","gloss":"manage"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出来","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"男","lemma":"男","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 男","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":69,"label":"","id":"ch03-p9-s6","source":"教場のしくじりが生徒にどんな影響を与えて、その影響が校長や教頭にどんな反応を呈するかまるで無頓着であった。","translation":"I was utterly unconcerned with what effect my classroom slip-ups might have on the students, or what response that effect might draw from the principal or the vice-principal.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p9-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"教場","lemma":"教場","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies しくじり","gloss":"classroom"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 教場","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"しくじり","lemma":"しくじり","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 与え","gloss":"slip-up"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking しくじり","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"生徒","lemma":"生徒","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 与え","gloss":"students"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 生徒","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"どんな","lemma":"どんな","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 影響","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"影響","lemma":"影響","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 与え","gloss":"effect"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 影響","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"与え","lemma":"与える","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 呈する","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 与え","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"その","lemma":"その","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 影響","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"影響","lemma":"影響","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 呈する","gloss":"effect"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 影響","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"校長","lemma":"校長","morphology":"noun","role":"coordinated with 教頭","gloss":"principal"},{"surface":"や","lemma":"や","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 校長","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"教頭","lemma":"教頭","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 呈する","gloss":"vice-principal"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 教頭","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"どんな","lemma":"どんな","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 反応","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"反応","lemma":"反応","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 呈する","gloss":"response"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 反応","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"呈する","lemma":"呈する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 頓着","gloss":"draw"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 呈する","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"まるで","lemma":"まるで","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 頓着","gloss":"utterly"},{"surface":"無","lemma":"無","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 頓着","gloss":"un-"},{"surface":"頓着","lemma":"頓着","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"concern"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 頓着","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"あっ","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 頓着","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":70,"label":"","id":"ch03-p9-s7","source":"おれは前に云う通りあまり度胸の据った男ではないのだが、思い切りはすこぶるいい人間である。","translation":"As I've said before, I'm not a man of especially steady nerve, but I'm remarkably decisive.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p9-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 男","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"前","lemma":"前","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 云う","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 前","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 通り","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"通り","lemma":"通り","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 男","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"あまり","lemma":"あまり","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies っ","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"度胸","lemma":"度胸","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 据","gloss":"nerve"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 度胸","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"据","lemma":"据わる","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with っ","gloss":"steady"},{"surface":"っ","lemma":"っ","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 男","gloss":"(verb ending)"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of っ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"男","lemma":"男","morphology":"noun","role":"predicate, coordinated with 人間","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 男","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 男","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase の","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 男","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"思い切り","lemma":"思い切り","morphology":"adverb","role":"subject of 人間","gloss":"resolve"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 思い切り","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"すこぶる","lemma":"すこぶる","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies いい","gloss":"remarkably"},{"surface":"いい","lemma":"いい","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 人間","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"人間","lemma":"人間","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"person"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 人間","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":71,"label":"","id":"ch03-p9-s8","source":"この学校がいけなければすぐどっかへ行く覚悟でいたから、狸も赤シャツも、ちっとも恐しくはなかった。","translation":"I was resolved that if this school didn't suit me I'd just go off somewhere else at once, so neither Badger nor Red Shirt frightened me in the slightest.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p9-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 学校","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"学校","lemma":"学校","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of いけ","gloss":"school"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学校","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"いけ","lemma":"いける","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 行く","gloss":"suit"},{"surface":"なけれ","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of いけ","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ば","lemma":"ば","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of いけ","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"すぐ","lemma":"すぐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies どっ","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"どっ","lemma":"どこ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 行く","gloss":"where","note":"どっ is a colloquial clipping, part of どっか (=どこか)."},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking どっ","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking どっ","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"行く","lemma":"行く","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 覚悟","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"覚悟","lemma":"覚悟","morphology":"noun","role":"complement of い","gloss":"resolve"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 覚悟","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 覚悟","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 覚悟","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"狸","lemma":"狸","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of なかっ","gloss":"Badger","note":"Badger is the boys' nickname for the principal."},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 狸","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"赤","lemma":"赤","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with シャツ","gloss":"Red"},{"surface":"シャツ","lemma":"シャツ","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of なかっ","gloss":"Shirt","note":"Red Shirt is the nickname for the head of the English department."},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking シャツ","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"ちっとも","lemma":"ちっとも","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies なかっ","gloss":"at all"},{"surface":"恐しく","lemma":"恐ろしい","morphology":"adjective","role":"predicate adjective","gloss":"frightening"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 恐しく","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"なかっ","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 恐しく","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 恐しく","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":72,"label":"","id":"ch03-p9-s9","source":"まして教場の小僧共なんかには愛嬌もお世辞も使う気になれなかった。","translation":"Much less could I bring myself to spend any charm or flattery on the brats in the classroom.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p9-s9.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"まして","lemma":"まして","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies なれ","gloss":"much less"},{"surface":"教場","lemma":"教場","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies なん","gloss":"classroom"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 教場","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"小僧","lemma":"小僧","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with なん","gloss":"brats"},{"surface":"共","lemma":"共","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with なん","gloss":"lot","note":"共 is a collective/plural suffix here (小僧共 = 'the brats')."},{"surface":"なん","lemma":"なん","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of 愛嬌","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking なん","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking なん","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking なん","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"愛嬌","lemma":"愛嬌","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 使う","gloss":"charm"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 愛嬌","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"お","lemma":"お","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 世辞","gloss":"polite"},{"surface":"世辞","lemma":"世辞","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 使う","gloss":"flattery"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 世辞","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"使う","lemma":"使う","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 気","gloss":"use"},{"surface":"気","lemma":"気","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of なれ","gloss":"mind"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 気","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"なれ","lemma":"なれる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"bring myself"},{"surface":"なかっ","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なれ","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なれ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":73,"label":"","id":"ch03-p9-s10","source":"学校はそれでいいのだが下宿の方はそうはいかなかった。","translation":"School was fine on that count, but my lodgings were another matter.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p9-s10.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"学校","lemma":"学校","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of いい","gloss":"school"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学校","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"それ","lemma":"それ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of いい","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking それ","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"いい","lemma":"いい","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on いか","gloss":"is fine"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of いい","gloss":"nominalizer"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase の","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of いい","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"下宿","lemma":"下宿","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 方","gloss":"lodgings"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 下宿","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"方","lemma":"方","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of いか","gloss":"matter"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 方","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"そう","lemma":"そう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies いか","gloss":"that way"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking そう","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"いか","lemma":"いく","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"なかっ","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of いか","gloss":"did not"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of いか","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":74,"label":"","id":"ch03-p9-s11","source":"亭主が茶を飲みに来るだけなら我慢もするが、いろいろな者を持ってくる。","translation":"If the landlord had only come to drink tea I could have put up with it, but he brought all sorts of things besides.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p9-s11.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"亭主","lemma":"亭主","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 来る","gloss":"landlord"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 亭主","gloss":"subject marker"},{"surface":"茶","lemma":"茶","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 飲み","gloss":"tea"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 茶","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"飲み","lemma":"飲む","morphology":"verb","role":"oblique complement of 来る","gloss":"drink"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 飲み","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"来る","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on する","gloss":"comes"},{"surface":"だけ","lemma":"だけ","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 来る","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"なら","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase だけ","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"我慢","lemma":"我慢","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of する","gloss":"patience"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 我慢","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 持っ","gloss":"would do"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of する","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"いろいろ","lemma":"いろいろ","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 者","gloss":"various"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of いろいろ","gloss":"that are"},{"surface":"者","lemma":"者","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 持っ","gloss":"things"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 者","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"持っ","lemma":"持つ","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"carries"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 持っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"くる","lemma":"くる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"brings"}]},{"number":75,"label":"","id":"ch03-p9-s12","source":"始めに持って来たのは何でも印材で、十ばかり並べておいて、みんなで三円なら安い物だお買いなさいと云う。","translation":"The first thing he brought was, of all things, seal stones — he lined up about ten of them and said the whole lot for three yen was a bargain, wouldn't I buy them.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p9-s12.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"始め","lemma":"始め","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 持っ","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 始め","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"持っ","lemma":"持つ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 来","gloss":"carries"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 持っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"来","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"depends on 印材","gloss":"brought"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 来","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 来","gloss":"the thing"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 来","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of 印材","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"of all things"},{"surface":"印材","lemma":"印材","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 並べ","gloss":"seal stones"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"particle marking 印材","gloss":"was, and"},{"surface":"十","lemma":"十","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 並べ","gloss":"ten"},{"surface":"ばかり","lemma":"ばかり","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 十","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"並べ","lemma":"並べる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 云う","gloss":"lines up"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 並べ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"おい","lemma":"おく","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"leaves them"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 並べ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"みんな","lemma":"みんな","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 云う","gloss":"all of them"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking みんな","gloss":"altogether"},{"surface":"三","lemma":"三","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 円","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"円","lemma":"円","morphology":"noun","role":"clause modifying 物","gloss":"yen"},{"surface":"なら","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 円","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"安い","lemma":"安い","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 物","gloss":"cheap"},{"surface":"物","lemma":"物","morphology":"noun","role":"predicate noun linked by だ, modified by 安い","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 物","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"お","lemma":"お","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 買い","gloss":"(honorific)"},{"surface":"買い","lemma":"買う","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 云う","gloss":"buy"},{"surface":"なさい","lemma":"なさる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 買い","gloss":"please"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 買い","gloss":"quote marker"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"he said"}]},{"number":76,"label":"","id":"ch03-p9-s13","source":"田舎巡りのヘボ絵師じゃあるまいし、そんなものは入らないと云ったら、今度は華山とか何とか云う男の花鳥の掛物をもって来た。","translation":"I told him I wasn't some second-rate painter touring the provinces and had no use for such things, so next he brought a hanging scroll of flowers and birds by some fellow called Kazan or other.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p9-s13.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"田舎巡り","lemma":"田舎巡り","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 絵師","gloss":"touring the country"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 田舎巡り","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"ヘボ","lemma":"ヘボ","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 絵師","gloss":"second-rate"},{"surface":"絵師","lemma":"絵師","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 云っ","gloss":"painter"},{"surface":"じゃ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 絵師","gloss":"am"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase じゃ","gloss":"am"},{"surface":"まい","lemma":"まい","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 絵師","gloss":"surely not"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"し","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 絵師","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"そんな","lemma":"そんな","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies もの","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 入ら","gloss":"things"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もの","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"入ら","lemma":"入る","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 云っ","gloss":"are needed"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 入ら","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 入ら","gloss":"quote marker"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 来","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云っ","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"今度","lemma":"今度","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 来","gloss":"next time"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 今度","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"華山","lemma":"華山","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of 云う","gloss":"Kazan"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 華山","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 華山","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"compound with 華山","gloss":"something"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 物","gloss":"called"},{"surface":"男","lemma":"男","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 花鳥","gloss":"fellow"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 男","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"花鳥","lemma":"花鳥","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 物","gloss":"flowers and birds"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 花鳥","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"掛","lemma":"掛け","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 物","gloss":"hanging"},{"surface":"物","lemma":"物","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 来","gloss":"scroll"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 物","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"もっ","lemma":"持つ","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase を","gloss":"carrying"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase を","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"来","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"brought"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 来","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":77,"label":"","id":"ch03-p9-s14","source":"自分で床の間へかけて、いい出来じゃありませんかと云うから、そうかなと好加減に挨拶をすると、華山には二人ある、一人は何とか華山で、一人は何とか華山ですが、この幅はその何とか華山の方だと、くだらない講釈をしたあとで、どうです、あなたなら十五円にしておきます。","translation":"He hung it in the alcove himself and asked wasn't it fine work, and when I gave some noncommittal \"I suppose so\" in reply, he launched into a worthless lecture about how there are two Kazans, one such-and-such Kazan and one such-and-such other Kazan, and this scroll was by the latter one — and then, \"What do you say, for you I'll make it fifteen yen.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p9-s14.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"自分","lemma":"自分","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of かけ","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 自分","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"床の間","lemma":"床の間","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of かけ","gloss":"alcove"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 床の間","gloss":"onto"},{"surface":"かけ","lemma":"かける","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on いい","gloss":"hangs"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of かけ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"いい","lemma":"いい","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 出来","gloss":"fine"},{"surface":"出来","lemma":"出来","morphology":"noun","role":"clausal complement of 云う","gloss":"work"},{"surface":"じゃ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 出来","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"あり","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase じゃ","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ませ","lemma":"ます","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出来","gloss":"(polite)"},{"surface":"ん","lemma":"ぬ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出来","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 出来","gloss":"question marker"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 出来","gloss":"quote marker"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on する","gloss":"asks"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 云う","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"そう","lemma":"そう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies する","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of そう","gloss":"I suppose"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"な","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of そう","gloss":"(musing)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking そう","gloss":"quote marker"},{"surface":"好","lemma":"好","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 加減","gloss":"vague"},{"surface":"加減","lemma":"加減","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of する","gloss":"noncommittal"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 加減","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"挨拶","lemma":"挨拶","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of する","gloss":"reply"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 挨拶","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on ある","gloss":"gave"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of する","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"華山","lemma":"華山","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of ある","gloss":"Kazan"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 華山","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 華山","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"二人","lemma":"二人","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of ある","gloss":"two people"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 華山","gloss":"there are"},{"surface":"一人","lemma":"一人","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 華山","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 一人","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 華山","gloss":"such-and-such"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"華山","lemma":"華山","morphology":"proper noun","role":"compound with 一人","gloss":"Kazan"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"particle marking 華山","gloss":"is, and"},{"surface":"一人","lemma":"一人","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 華山","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 一人","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 華山","gloss":"such-and-such"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"華山","lemma":"華山","morphology":"proper noun","role":"adverbial clause on し","gloss":"Kazan"},{"surface":"です","lemma":"です","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 華山","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 華山","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 幅","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"幅","lemma":"幅","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 方","gloss":"scroll"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 幅","gloss":"topic marker"},{"surface":"その","lemma":"その","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 何","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 方","gloss":"such-and-such"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"華山","lemma":"華山","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies 方","gloss":"Kazan"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 華山","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"方","lemma":"方","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on し","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 方","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 方","gloss":"quote marker"},{"surface":"くだら","lemma":"くだらない","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 講釈","gloss":"worthless"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"くだらない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase くだら","gloss":"(adj. ending)"},{"surface":"講釈","lemma":"講釈","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of し","gloss":"lecture"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 講釈","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying あと","gloss":"gave"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of し","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"あと","lemma":"あと","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of し","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking あと","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"どう","lemma":"どう","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial clause on し","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"です","lemma":"です","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of どう","gloss":"is it"},{"surface":"あなた","lemma":"あなた","morphology":"pronoun","role":"adverbial clause on し","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"なら","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to あなた","gloss":"if it's"},{"surface":"十五","lemma":"十五","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 円","gloss":"fifteen"},{"surface":"円","lemma":"円","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of し","gloss":"yen"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 円","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"make"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"おき","lemma":"おく","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"settle it"},{"surface":"ます","lemma":"ます","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of し","gloss":"(polite)"}]},{"number":78,"label":"","id":"ch03-p9-s15","source":"お買いなさいと催促をする。","translation":"\"Do buy it,\" he pressed.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p9-s15.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"お","lemma":"お","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 買い","gloss":"(honorific)"},{"surface":"買い","lemma":"買う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on する","gloss":"buy"},{"surface":"なさい","lemma":"なさる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 買い","gloss":"please"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"particle marking 買い","gloss":"quote marker"},{"surface":"催促","lemma":"催促","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of する","gloss":"urging"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 催促","gloss":"object marker"},{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"presses"}]},{"number":79,"label":"","id":"ch03-p9-s16","source":"金がないと断わると、金なんか、いつでもようございますとなかなか頑固だ。","translation":"I refused, saying I had no money, but he was terribly stubborn about it — the money, he said, could wait as long as I liked.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p9-s16.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"金","lemma":"金","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ない","gloss":"money"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 金","gloss":"subject marker"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 断わる","gloss":"have none"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ない","gloss":"quote marker"},{"surface":"断わる","lemma":"断わる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on ござい","gloss":"refuse"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"particle marking 断わる","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"金","lemma":"金","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of ござい","gloss":"the money"},{"surface":"なんか","lemma":"なんか","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 金","gloss":"such as"},{"surface":"いつ","lemma":"いつ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"compound with 金","gloss":"whenever"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking いつ","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking いつ","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"よう","lemma":"よい","morphology":"adjective","role":"compound with 金","gloss":"fine"},{"surface":"ござい","lemma":"ござる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 頑固","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ます","lemma":"ます","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of ござい","gloss":"(polite)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"particle marking ござい","gloss":"quote marker"},{"surface":"なかなか","lemma":"なかなか","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 頑固","gloss":"quite"},{"surface":"頑固","lemma":"頑固","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"stubborn"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 頑固","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":80,"label":"","id":"ch03-p9-s17","source":"金があつても買わないんだと、その時は追っ払っちまった。","translation":"Even if I had money I wouldn't buy it, I said, and drove him off then and there.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p9-s17.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"追っ払っちまった","title":"«てしまう» contracted to «ちまう»","body":"«ちまう» is the casual, contracted spoken form of «てしまう» (追っ払ってしまった → 追っ払っちまった). Botchan's narration leans on this shortened, punchy form constantly — it's part of his brash, unpolished first-person voice."}],"words":[{"surface":"金","lemma":"金","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of あつ","gloss":"money"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 金","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"あつ","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb, conjunctive","role":"adverbial clause on 買わ","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of あつ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking あつ","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"買わ","lemma":"買う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on ちまっ","gloss":"buy"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 買わ","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ん","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 買わ","gloss":"the thing is"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase ん","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 買わ","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"その","lemma":"その","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 時","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"時","lemma":"時","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of ちまっ","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"追っ","lemma":"追う","morphology":"verb, conjunctive","role":"compound with 払っ","gloss":"drove"},{"surface":"払っ","lemma":"払う","morphology":"verb, conjunctive","role":"compound with 追っ","gloss":"off"},{"surface":"ちまっ","lemma":"ちまう","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"ended up"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of ちまっ","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":81,"label":"","id":"ch03-p9-s18","source":"その次には鬼瓦ぐらいな大硯を担ぎ込んだ。","translation":"The next time, he hauled in an inkstone as huge as a demon roof-tile.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p9-s18.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"その","lemma":"その","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 次","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"次","lemma":"次","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 担ぎ","gloss":"next time"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 次","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 次","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"鬼瓦","lemma":"鬼瓦","morphology":"noun","role":"clause modifying 硯","gloss":"demon tile"},{"surface":"ぐらい","lemma":"ぐらい","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 鬼瓦","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb, attributive","role":"copula linking to 鬼瓦","gloss":"sized"},{"surface":"大","lemma":"大","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 硯","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"硯","lemma":"硯","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 担ぎ","gloss":"inkstone"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 硯","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"担ぎ","lemma":"担ぐ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 込ん","gloss":"hauled"},{"surface":"込ん","lemma":"込む","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 込ん","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":82,"label":"","id":"ch03-p9-s19","source":"これは端渓です、端渓ですと二遍も三遍も端渓がるから、面白半分に端渓た何だいと聞いたら、すぐ講釈を始め出した。","translation":"\"This is a Tankei, a Tankei,\" he kept saying two, three times over, so half in jest I asked him just what a Tankei was, and he launched straight into a lecture.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p9-s19.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"端渓","title":"«端渓» たんけい (Tankei)","body":"«端渓» たんけい (Tankei) — Duanxi in Chinese — names a prized stone from Guangdong, China, used since antiquity for the finest ink-grinding stones (硯, suzuri). A genuine Tankei inkstone was a serious luxury item; the landlord's overselling of one to a poor young teacher is the joke."}],"words":[{"surface":"これ","lemma":"これ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 端渓","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking これ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"端渓","lemma":"端渓","morphology":"noun","role":"predicate complement of です","gloss":"Tankei"},{"surface":"です","lemma":"です","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 端渓","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"端渓","lemma":"端渓","morphology":"noun","role":"predicate complement of です","gloss":"Tankei"},{"surface":"です","lemma":"です","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 端渓","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 端渓","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"二","lemma":"二","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 遍","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"遍","lemma":"遍","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies がる","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 遍","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"三","lemma":"三","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 遍","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"遍","lemma":"遍","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies がる","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 遍","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"端渓","lemma":"端渓","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with がる","gloss":"Tankei"},{"surface":"がる","lemma":"がる","morphology":"verb","role":"predicate of the clause","gloss":"keeps saying","note":"がる attached to a noun/adjective means 'shows outward signs of' — here mocking how insistently he repeats the word."},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 端渓","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"面白","lemma":"面白い","morphology":"adjective","role":"compound with 半分","gloss":"amused"},{"surface":"半分","lemma":"半分","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 端渓","gloss":"half"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 半分","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"端渓","lemma":"端渓","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase 何","gloss":"Tankei","note":"Botchan mockingly turns the noun 端渓 into a verb, echoing the salesman's word before asking what it even means."},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 端渓","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"compound with 端渓","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 何","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"い","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence-final particle on だ","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking い","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"聞い","lemma":"聞く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 始め","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"たら","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 聞い","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"すぐ","lemma":"すぐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 始め","gloss":"immediately"},{"surface":"講釈","lemma":"講釈","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 始め","gloss":"lecture"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 講釈","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"始め","lemma":"始める","morphology":"verb","role":"modifies 出し","gloss":"began"},{"surface":"出し","lemma":"出す","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出し","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":83,"label":"","id":"ch03-p9-s20","source":"端渓には上層中層下層とあって、今時のものはみんな上層ですが、これはたしかに中層です、この眼をご覧なさい。","translation":"Tankei comes from upper, middle, and lower strata. Everything quarried nowadays is from the upper stratum, but this is certainly from the middle. — just look at this \"eye.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p9-s20.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"端渓","lemma":"端渓","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of あっ","gloss":"Tankei"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 端渓","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 端渓","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"上層","lemma":"上層","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 中層","gloss":"upper"},{"surface":"中層","lemma":"中層","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 下層","gloss":"middle"},{"surface":"下層","lemma":"下層","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of あっ","gloss":"lower"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 下層","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"あっ","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb, conjunctive","role":"adverbial clause on です (上層)","gloss":"there are"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of あっ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"今時","lemma":"今時","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies もの","gloss":"nowadays"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 今時","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of です (上層)","gloss":"things"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もの","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"みんな","lemma":"みんな","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 上層","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"上層","lemma":"上層","morphology":"noun","role":"predicate complement of です","gloss":"upper grade"},{"surface":"です","lemma":"です","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 上層","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 上層","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"これ","lemma":"これ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of です (中層)","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking これ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"たしか","lemma":"たしか","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies 中層です","gloss":"certainly"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb, adverbial","role":"auxiliary of たしか","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"中層","lemma":"中層","morphology":"noun","role":"predicate complement of です","gloss":"middle grade"},{"surface":"です","lemma":"です","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 中層","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 眼","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"眼","lemma":"眼","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of ご覧","gloss":"eye"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 眼","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"ご覧","lemma":"ご覧","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"look"},{"surface":"なさい","lemma":"なさる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of ご覧","gloss":"please"}]},{"number":84,"label":"","id":"ch03-p9-s21","source":"眼が三つあるのは珍らしい。","translation":"Having three eyes in the stone is a rare thing, he said.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p9-s21.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"眼","lemma":"眼","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ある","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 眼","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"三","lemma":"三","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies つ","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"つ","lemma":"つ","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of ある","gloss":"of them"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"depends on 珍らしい","gloss":"there being"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ある","gloss":"fact that"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ある","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"珍らしい","lemma":"珍しい","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"rare"}]},{"number":85,"label":"","id":"ch03-p9-s22","source":"溌墨の具合も至極よろしい、試してご覧なさいと、おれの前へ大きな硯を突きつける。","translation":"\"And It produces ink beautifully, too. — do try it,\" he said, shoving the great inkstone right in front of me.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p9-s22.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"溌墨","lemma":"溌墨","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 具合","gloss":"ink"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 溌墨","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"具合","lemma":"具合","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of よろしい","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 具合","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"至極","lemma":"至極","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies よろしい","gloss":"extremely"},{"surface":"よろしい","lemma":"よろしい","morphology":"adjective","role":"predicate of the clause","gloss":"excellent"},{"surface":"試し","lemma":"試す","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying ご覧","gloss":"try"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 試し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ご覧","lemma":"ご覧","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 突き","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"なさい","lemma":"なさる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to ご覧","gloss":"please"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ご覧","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 前","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"前","lemma":"前","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 突き","gloss":"front"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 前","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"大きな","lemma":"大きな","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies 硯","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"硯","lemma":"硯","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 突き","gloss":"inkstone"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 硯","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"突き","lemma":"突く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on つける","gloss":"thrust"},{"surface":"つける","lemma":"つける","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"up to"}]},{"number":86,"label":"","id":"ch03-p9-s23","source":"いくらだと聞くと、持主が支那から持って帰って来て是非売りたいと云いますから、お安くして三十円にしておきましょうと云う。","translation":"When I asked how much, he said the owner had brought it back from China and was set on selling it, so he'd make it a bargain at thirty yen.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p9-s23.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"いくら","lemma":"いくら","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 聞く","gloss":"how much"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to いくら","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking いくら","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"聞く","lemma":"聞く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 帰っ","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 聞く","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"持主","lemma":"持主","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 持っ","gloss":"owner"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 持主","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"支那","lemma":"支那","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 持っ","gloss":"China","note":"支那 was the common Meiji-era word for China; it later fell out of polite use."},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 支那","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"持っ","lemma":"持つ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 帰っ","gloss":"brought"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 持っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"帰っ","lemma":"帰る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 来","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 帰っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"来","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 云い","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 来","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"是非","lemma":"是非","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 売り","gloss":"definitely"},{"surface":"売り","lemma":"売る","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 云い","gloss":"sell"},{"surface":"たい","lemma":"たい","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 売り","gloss":"want to"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 売り","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"云い","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on し","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"ます","lemma":"ます","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云い","gloss":"polite"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 云い","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"お","lemma":"お","morphology":"prefix","role":"compound with 安く","gloss":"polite"},{"surface":"安く","lemma":"安い","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on し","gloss":"cheaply"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"auxiliary of 安く","gloss":"make"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 安く","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"三十","lemma":"三十","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 円","gloss":"thirty"},{"surface":"円","lemma":"円","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of し","gloss":"yen"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 円","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 云う","gloss":"make"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"おき","lemma":"おく","morphology":"verb","role":"auxiliary of し","gloss":"go ahead"},{"surface":"ましょう","lemma":"ます","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of おき","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking し","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"says"}]},{"number":87,"label":"","id":"ch03-p9-s24","source":"この男は馬鹿に相違ない。","translation":"This man is a fool, without question.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p9-s24.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 男","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"男","lemma":"男","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ない","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 男","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"馬鹿","lemma":"馬鹿","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on ない","gloss":"fool"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb, adverbial","role":"auxiliary of 馬鹿","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"相違","lemma":"相違","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with ない","gloss":"mistake"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"there is no"}]},{"number":88,"label":"","id":"ch03-p9-s25","source":"学校の方はどうかこうか無事に勤まりそうだが、こう骨董責に逢ってはとても長く続きそうにない。","translation":"School itself seemed likely enough to go on peacefully somehow, but subjected to this barrage of antiques, I doubted I could hold out for long.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p9-s25.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"学校","lemma":"学校","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 方","gloss":"school"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学校","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"方","lemma":"方","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 勤まり","gloss":"side"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 方","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"どう","lemma":"どう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 勤まり","gloss":"somehow"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking どう","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"こう","lemma":"こう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 勤まり","gloss":"this way"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking こう","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"無事","lemma":"無事","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 勤まり","gloss":"safely"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb, adverbial","role":"auxiliary of 無事","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"勤まり","lemma":"勤まる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on だ","gloss":"manage"},{"surface":"そう","lemma":"そう","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 勤まり","gloss":"seem"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 勤まり","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 勤まり","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"こう","lemma":"こう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 逢っ","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"骨董","lemma":"骨董","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 責","gloss":"antique"},{"surface":"責","lemma":"責","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 逢っ","gloss":"barrage"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 責","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"逢っ","lemma":"逢う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 続き","gloss":"subjected"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 逢っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 逢っ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"とても","lemma":"とても","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 長く","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"長く","lemma":"長い","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 続き","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"続き","lemma":"続く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on ない","gloss":"hold out"},{"surface":"そう","lemma":"そう","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 続き","gloss":"seem"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb, adverbial","role":"auxiliary of 続き","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":89,"label":"11","id":"ch03-p11-s1","source":"そのうち学校もいやになった。　　","translation":"Before long even school began to wear on me.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p11-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"その","lemma":"その","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of うち","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"うち","lemma":"うち","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of なっ","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"学校","lemma":"学校","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of なっ","gloss":"school"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学校","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"いや","lemma":"いや","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on なっ","gloss":"distasteful"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb, adverbial","role":"auxiliary of いや","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"なっ","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なっ","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":90,"label":"","id":"ch03-p11-s2","source":"ある日の晩大町と云う所を散歩していたら郵便局の隣りに蕎麦とかいて、下に東京と注を加えた看板があった。","translation":"One evening, out for a walk through a place called Ōmachi, I came across a sign next to the post office that read \"Soba,\" with \"Tokyo-style\" added underneath.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p11-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb, prenominal form","role":"modifies 日","gloss":"a certain"},{"surface":"日","lemma":"日","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 晩","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 日","gloss":"possessive"},{"surface":"晩","lemma":"晩","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 散歩","gloss":"evening"},{"surface":"大町","lemma":"大町","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of 云う","gloss":"Ōmachi"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 大町","gloss":"quotation"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 所","gloss":"called"},{"surface":"所","lemma":"所","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 散歩","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 所","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"散歩","lemma":"散歩","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on あっ","gloss":"walk"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 散歩","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 散歩","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 散歩","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"郵便","lemma":"郵便","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 局","gloss":"postal"},{"surface":"局","lemma":"局","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 隣り","gloss":"office"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 局","gloss":"possessive"},{"surface":"隣り","lemma":"隣り","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of あっ","gloss":"next door"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 隣り","gloss":"location"},{"surface":"蕎麦","lemma":"蕎麦","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of かい","gloss":"soba"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 蕎麦","gloss":"quotation"},{"surface":"かい","lemma":"かく","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on あっ","gloss":"wrote"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of かい","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"下","lemma":"下","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 加え","gloss":"below"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 下","gloss":"location"},{"surface":"東京","lemma":"東京","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of 加え","gloss":"Tokyo"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 東京","gloss":"quotation"},{"surface":"注","lemma":"注","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 加え","gloss":"note"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 注","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"加え","lemma":"加える","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 看板","gloss":"added"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 加え","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"看板","lemma":"看板","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of あっ","gloss":"sign"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 看板","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"あっ","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of あっ","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":91,"label":"","id":"ch03-p11-s3","source":"おれは蕎麦が大好きである。","translation":"I'm extremely fond of soba noodles.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p11-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"noun","role":"depends on 大好き","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"蕎麦","lemma":"蕎麦","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 大好き","gloss":"soba"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 蕎麦","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"大好き","lemma":"大好き","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"very fond"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 大好き","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"(formal)"}]},{"number":92,"label":"","id":"ch03-p11-s4","source":"東京に居った時でも蕎麦屋の前を通って薬味の香いをかぐと、どうしても暖簾がくぐりたくなった。","translation":"Even back when I lived in Tokyo, passing a soba shop and catching the smell of the spring onions would always make me want to duck through the curtain.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p11-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"暖簾がくぐりたくなった","title":"«暖簾をくぐる» のれんをくぐる (noren o kuguru)","body":"«暖簾» のれん (noren) is the short split curtain hung across a shop's entrance; «くぐる» means to pass under/through something. 'To duck under the noren' idiomatically means simply 'to go into the shop' — the physical gesture of ducking under it stands for stepping inside."}],"words":[{"surface":"東京","lemma":"東京","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of 居っ","gloss":"Tokyo"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 東京","gloss":"location"},{"surface":"居っ","lemma":"居る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 時","gloss":"lived"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 居っ","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"時","lemma":"時","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 通っ","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"蕎麦","lemma":"蕎麦","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 屋","gloss":"soba"},{"surface":"屋","lemma":"屋","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 前","gloss":"shop"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 屋","gloss":"possessive"},{"surface":"前","lemma":"前","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 通っ","gloss":"front"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 前","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"通っ","lemma":"通る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on なっ","gloss":"passed"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 通っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"薬味","lemma":"薬味","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 香","gloss":"spring onion"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 薬味","gloss":"possessive"},{"surface":"香","lemma":"香","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with い","gloss":"fragrance","note":"香い is written for standard 匂い/香り, meaning 'smell.'"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"い","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of かぐ","gloss":"scent"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking い","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"かぐ","lemma":"かぐ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on なっ","gloss":"smell"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking かぐ","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"どう","lemma":"どう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies なっ","gloss":"no matter how"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of どう","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of どう","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking どう","gloss":"even if"},{"surface":"暖簾","lemma":"暖簾","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of くぐり","gloss":"curtain"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 暖簾","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"くぐり","lemma":"くぐる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on なっ","gloss":"duck through"},{"surface":"たく","lemma":"たい","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of くぐり","gloss":"want to"},{"surface":"なっ","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なっ","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":93,"label":"","id":"ch03-p11-s5","source":"今日までは数学と骨董で蕎麦を忘れていたが、こうして看板を見ると素通りが出来なくなる。","translation":"Between mathematics and antiques I'd forgotten all about soba until now, but seeing this sign, I couldn't just walk on past.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p11-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"今日","lemma":"今日","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 忘れ","gloss":"today"},{"surface":"まで","lemma":"まで","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 今日","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 今日","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"数学","lemma":"数学","morphology":"noun","role":"coordinate with 骨董","gloss":"mathematics"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 数学","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"骨董","lemma":"骨董","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 忘れ","gloss":"antiques"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 骨董","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"蕎麦","lemma":"蕎麦","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 忘れ","gloss":"soba"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 蕎麦","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"忘れ","lemma":"忘れる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 見る","gloss":"forgotten"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 忘れ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 忘れ","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 忘れ","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"こう","lemma":"こう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies し","gloss":"this way"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"adverbial clause on 見る","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"看板","lemma":"看板","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 見る","gloss":"sign"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 看板","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"見る","lemma":"見る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 出来","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 見る","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"素通り","lemma":"素通り","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 出来","gloss":"walking past"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 素通り","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"出来","lemma":"出来る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on なる","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"なく","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出来","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"なる","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"became"}]},{"number":94,"label":"","id":"ch03-p11-s6","source":"ついでだから一杯食って行こうと思って上がり込んだ。","translation":"Since I was already there, I decided to have a bowl and stepped inside.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p11-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ついで","lemma":"ついで","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 食っ","gloss":"opportunity"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of ついで","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ついで","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"一杯","lemma":"一杯","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 食っ","gloss":"a bowl"},{"surface":"食っ","lemma":"食う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 行こう","gloss":"eat"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 食っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"行こう","lemma":"行く","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 思っ","gloss":"will go"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 行こう","gloss":"quotation"},{"surface":"思っ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 上がり","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 思っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"上がり","lemma":"上がる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stepped in"},{"surface":"込ん","lemma":"込む","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 上がり","gloss":"right in"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 込ん","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":95,"label":"","id":"ch03-p11-s7","source":"見ると看板ほどでもない。","translation":"Once inside, the place wasn't up to its sign.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p11-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"見る","lemma":"見る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on ない","gloss":"looked"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 見る","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"看板","lemma":"看板","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of ない","gloss":"sign"},{"surface":"ほど","lemma":"ほど","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 看板","gloss":"extent"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 看板","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":96,"label":"","id":"ch03-p11-s8","source":"東京と断わる以上はもう少し奇麗にしそうなものだが、東京を知らないのか、金がないのか、滅法きたない。","translation":"Having gone to the trouble of claiming \"Tokyo,\" you'd think they'd keep it a bit cleaner, but whether from ignorance of Tokyo or lack of money, it was filthy beyond belief.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p11-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"東京","lemma":"東京","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of 断わる","gloss":"Tokyo"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 東京","gloss":"quotation"},{"surface":"断わる","lemma":"断る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 以上","gloss":"declare","note":"断わる here means 'to declare/state', not its more common sense of 'refuse.'"},{"surface":"以上","lemma":"以上","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies し","gloss":"given that"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 以上","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"もう","lemma":"もう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 少し","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"少し","lemma":"少し","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 奇麗","gloss":"a bit"},{"surface":"奇麗","lemma":"奇麗","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on し","gloss":"clean"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 奇麗","gloss":"adverbial"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"make"},{"surface":"そう","lemma":"そう","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of し","gloss":"seems"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of し","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on ない","gloss":"thing","note":"「そうなものだ」is an idiom of expectation: 'you'd think/expect that...'"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to もの","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of もの","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"東京","lemma":"東京","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of 知ら","gloss":"Tokyo"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 東京","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"知ら","lemma":"知る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on ない","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 知ら","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 知ら","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 知ら","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"金","lemma":"金","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ない","gloss":"money"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 金","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying きたない","gloss":"lacking"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ない","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of ない","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"滅法","lemma":"滅法","morphology":"adverb","role":"compound with きたない","gloss":"extremely"},{"surface":"きたない","lemma":"きたない","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"filthy"}]},{"number":97,"label":"","id":"ch03-p11-s9","source":"畳は色が変ってお負けに砂でざらざらしている。","translation":"The tatami had changed color, and on top of that was gritty with sand.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p11-s9.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"畳","lemma":"畳","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ざらざら","gloss":"tatami"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 畳","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"色","lemma":"色","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 変っ","gloss":"color"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 色","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"変っ","lemma":"変る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on ざらざら","gloss":"changed"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 変っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"お","lemma":"お","morphology":"prefix","role":"compound with 負け","gloss":"polite"},{"surface":"負け","lemma":"負け","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of ざらざら","gloss":"besides"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 負け","gloss":"in addition"},{"surface":"砂","lemma":"砂","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of ざらざら","gloss":"sand"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 砂","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"ざらざら","lemma":"ざらざら","morphology":"adverb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"gritty"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of ざらざら","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ざらざら","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"いる","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":98,"label":"","id":"ch03-p11-s10","source":"壁は煤で真黒だ。","translation":"The walls were black with soot.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p11-s10.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"壁","lemma":"壁","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 真黒","gloss":"walls"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 壁","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"煤","lemma":"煤","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 真黒","gloss":"soot"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 煤","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"真黒","lemma":"真黒","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"pitch black"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 真黒","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":99,"label":"","id":"ch03-p11-s11","source":"天井はランプの油烟で燻ぼってるのみか、低くって、思わず首を縮めるくらいだ。","translation":"Not only was the ceiling grimed with lamp soot, it was so low I found myself instinctively hunching my neck.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p11-s11.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"天井","lemma":"天井","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 燻ぼっ","gloss":"ceiling"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 天井","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"ランプ","lemma":"ランプ","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 油烟","gloss":"lamp"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ランプ","gloss":"possessive"},{"surface":"油烟","lemma":"油烟","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 燻ぼっ","gloss":"soot"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 油烟","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"燻ぼっ","lemma":"燻ぼる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 低く","gloss":"grimed"},{"surface":"てる","lemma":"てる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 燻ぼっ","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"のみ","lemma":"のみ","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 燻ぼっ","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 燻ぼっ","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"低く","lemma":"低い","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 縮める","gloss":"low"},{"surface":"って","lemma":"って","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 低く","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"思わ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 縮める","gloss":"think"},{"surface":"ず","lemma":"ず","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 思わ","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"首","lemma":"首","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 縮める","gloss":"neck"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 首","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"縮める","lemma":"縮める","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"hunch"},{"surface":"くらい","lemma":"くらい","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 縮める","gloss":"to the point"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 縮める","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":100,"label":"","id":"ch03-p11-s12","source":"ただ麗々と蕎麦の名前をかいて張り付けたねだん付けだけは全く新しい。","translation":"Only the price list, pasted up with the soba dishes' names written out grandly, was brand new.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p11-s12.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ただ","lemma":"ただ","morphology":"adverb","role":"pairs with だけ, modifying 付け","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"麗々","lemma":"麗々","morphology":"adverb","role":"oblique complement of かい","gloss":"grandly"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 麗々","gloss":"manner"},{"surface":"蕎麦","lemma":"蕎麦","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 名前","gloss":"soba"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 蕎麦","gloss":"possessive"},{"surface":"名前","lemma":"名前","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of かい","gloss":"names"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 名前","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"かい","lemma":"かく","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 張り","gloss":"wrote"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of かい","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"張り","lemma":"張る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 付け","gloss":"pasted"},{"surface":"付け","lemma":"付ける","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with 張り","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 付け","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"ねだん","lemma":"ねだん","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 付け","gloss":"price"},{"surface":"付け","lemma":"付け","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 新しい","gloss":"tag"},{"surface":"だけ","lemma":"だけ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 付け","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 付け","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"全く","lemma":"全く","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 新しい","gloss":"completely"},{"surface":"新しい","lemma":"新しい","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"new"}]},{"number":101,"label":"","id":"ch03-p11-s13","source":"何でも古いうちを買って二三日前から開業したに違いなかろう。","translation":"No doubt they'd bought up some old building and only opened for business two or three days before.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p11-s13.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of 買っ","gloss":"no doubt","note":"何でも together = 'no doubt, in any case', not literal 'whatever'"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"(particle)","note":"何でも is a fixed idiom ('no doubt/in any case') already glossed whole on 何; で has no separable meaning 'by' in this reading"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"(particle)","note":"same idiom 何でも; も does not separately mean 'even' here"},{"surface":"古い","lemma":"古い","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying うち","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"うち","lemma":"うち","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 買っ","gloss":"building"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking うち","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"買っ","lemma":"買う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 開業","gloss":"bought"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 買っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"二三","lemma":"二三","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 前","gloss":"two or three","note":"二三 ('two or three') is an approximative numeral compound, not a proper noun"},{"surface":"日","lemma":"日","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 前","gloss":"days"},{"surface":"前","lemma":"前","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 開業","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 前","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"開業","lemma":"開業","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on なかろう","gloss":"opened for business"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 開業","gloss":"(aux)","note":"開業 already carries the full verb sense 'opened for business'; し (light-verb auxiliary) duplicates it if also glossed 'did'"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 開業","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 開業","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"違い","lemma":"違い","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with なかろう","gloss":"difference","note":"違い literally means 'difference' (as in 違いない/違いなかろう, 'no doubt/must be'); 'mistake' is an invented sense"},{"surface":"なかろう","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"probably isn't"}]},{"number":102,"label":"","id":"ch03-p11-s14","source":"ねだん付の第一号に天麩羅とある。","translation":"First on the price list was tempura.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p11-s14.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ねだん","lemma":"ねだん","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 付","gloss":"price"},{"surface":"付","lemma":"付","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 号","gloss":"attached","note":"付 as a bound noun/suffix means 'attached, with' (ねだん付 = 'priced/with a price tag'), not 'list'"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 付","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"第","lemma":"第","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 号","gloss":"number"},{"surface":"一","lemma":"一","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 号","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"号","lemma":"号","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of ある","gloss":"item"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 号","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"天麩羅","lemma":"天麩羅","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of ある","gloss":"tempura"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 天麩羅","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"}]},{"number":103,"label":"","id":"ch03-p11-s15","source":"おい天麩羅を持ってこいと大きな声を出した。","translation":"\"Hey, bring me tempura,\" I called out loudly.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p11-s15.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おい","lemma":"おい","morphology":"interjection","role":"compound with 天麩羅","gloss":"hey","note":"おい ('hey') is an interjection, not a noun"},{"surface":"天麩羅","lemma":"天麩羅","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 持っ","gloss":"tempura"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 天麩羅","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"持っ","lemma":"持つ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on こい","gloss":"carry"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 持っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"こい","lemma":"くる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 出し","gloss":"come!"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of こい","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"大きな","lemma":"大きな","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies 声","gloss":"loud"},{"surface":"声","lemma":"声","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 出し","gloss":"voice"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 声","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"出し","lemma":"出す","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"called out"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出し","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":104,"label":"","id":"ch03-p11-s16","source":"するとこの時まで隅の方に三人かたまって、何かつるつる、ちゅうちゅう食ってた連中が、ひとしくおれの方を見た。","translation":"At that, three men who'd been huddled in a corner slurping and sucking away at something all turned to look at me at once.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p11-s16.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"compound with と","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 時","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"時","lemma":"時","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of たまっ","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"まで","lemma":"まで","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"隅","lemma":"隅","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 方","gloss":"corner"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 隅","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"方","lemma":"方","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of たまっ","gloss":"area"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 方","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"三","lemma":"三","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 人","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"人","lemma":"人","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of たまっ","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"固まる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the compound かたまって (with たまっ)","gloss":"huddled","note":"か is the mis-split first half of 固まって; morphology/role still said 'particle marking 人' though lemma was already corrected to 固まる"},{"surface":"たまっ","lemma":"固まる","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 連中","gloss":"together","note":"parallels 食っ's corrected role; かたまって and 食ってた are coordinate te-clauses both modifying 連中, not a clause on つるつる"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of たまっ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of 食っ","gloss":"something","note":"何か is the (particle-dropped) object being eaten, not a modifier of the onomatopoeic adverb つるつる"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"つるつる","lemma":"つるつる","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial clause on 食っ","gloss":"slurping","note":"つるつる describes the manner of eating (食っ), like its neighbour ちゅうちゅう does — not the distant main verb 見"},{"surface":"ちゅうちゅう","lemma":"ちゅうちゅう","morphology":"adverb","role":"oblique complement of 食っ","gloss":"sucking"},{"surface":"食っ","lemma":"食う","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 連中","gloss":"eating"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"てる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 食っ","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 食っ","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"連中","lemma":"連中","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 見","gloss":"group"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 連中","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"ひとしく","lemma":"ひとしい","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 見","gloss":"all at once"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 方","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"方","lemma":"方","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 見","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 方","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"見","lemma":"見る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"looked"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 見","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":105,"label":"","id":"ch03-p11-s17","source":"部屋が暗いので、ちょっと気がつかなかったが顔を合せると、みんな学校の生徒である。","translation":"The room being dim, I hadn't noticed at first, but once our eyes met, I saw they were all my own students.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p11-s17.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"部屋","lemma":"部屋","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 暗い","gloss":"room"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 部屋","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"暗い","lemma":"暗い","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on つか","gloss":"dim"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 暗い","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase の","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"ちょっと","lemma":"ちょっと","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies つか","gloss":"a bit"},{"surface":"気","lemma":"気","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of つか","gloss":"attention"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 気","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"つか","lemma":"つく","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 合せる","gloss":"notice"},{"surface":"なかっ","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of つか","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of つか","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of つか","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"顔","lemma":"顔","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 合せる","gloss":"face","note":"顔 literally means 'face' (顔を合せる, 'to come face to face'); 'eyes' imports the free translation's wording onto the wrong word"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 顔","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"合せる","lemma":"合せる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on ある","gloss":"met","note":"顔を合せると is a conditional clause on the main predicate である, not a relative clause modifying the noun 生徒"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 合せる","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"みんな","lemma":"みんな","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 生徒","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"学校","lemma":"学校","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 生徒","gloss":"school"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学校","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"生徒","lemma":"生徒","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"students"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 生徒","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"(aux)","note":"である is a split copula; で already carries 'were', so ある duplicates the same sense instead of contributing separately"}]},{"number":106,"label":"","id":"ch03-p11-s18","source":"先方で挨拶をしたから、おれも挨拶をした。","translation":"Since they greeted me first, I greeted them back.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p11-s18.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"先方","lemma":"先方","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of し","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 先方","gloss":"for their part"},{"surface":"挨拶","lemma":"挨拶","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of し","gloss":"greeting"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 挨拶","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on し","gloss":"did","note":"し = する ('do'); 挨拶 alone is the noun 'greeting', so する contributes only 'do/did', not 'gave'"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of し","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of し","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of し","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"挨拶","lemma":"挨拶","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of し","gloss":"greeting"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 挨拶","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"did","note":"same し = する light verb; 'gave' invents a sense not present in する"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of し","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":107,"label":"","id":"ch03-p11-s19","source":"その晩は久し振に蕎麦を食ったので、旨かったから天麩羅を四杯平げた。","translation":"It being my first soba in a good while, and delicious besides, I polished off four bowls of tempura soba that night.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p11-s19.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"その","lemma":"その","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 晩","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"晩","lemma":"晩","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 食っ","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 晩","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"久し","lemma":"久しい","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 振","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"振","lemma":"振","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 食っ","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 振","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"蕎麦","lemma":"蕎麦","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 食っ","gloss":"soba"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 蕎麦","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"食っ","lemma":"食う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 平げ","gloss":"ate"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 食っ","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 食っ","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase の","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"旨かっ","lemma":"旨い","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 平げ","gloss":"delicious"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 旨かっ","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 旨かっ","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"天麩羅","lemma":"天麩羅","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 平げ","gloss":"tempura"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 天麩羅","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"四","lemma":"四","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 杯","gloss":"four"},{"surface":"杯","lemma":"杯","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 平げ","gloss":"servings"},{"surface":"平げ","lemma":"平げる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"polished off"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 平げ","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":108,"label":"13","id":"ch03-p13-s1","source":"翌日何の気もなく教場へはいると、黒板一杯ぐらいな大きな字で、天麩羅先生とかいてある。","translation":"The next day, walking into the classroom without a thought in the world, I found \"Tempura Sensei\" written across the blackboard in letters as big as the whole board.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p13-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"翌日","lemma":"翌日","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies なく","gloss":"the next day"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 気","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"気","lemma":"気","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of なく","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 気","gloss":"at all"},{"surface":"なく","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on はいる","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"教場","lemma":"教場","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of はいる","gloss":"classroom"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 教場","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"はいる","lemma":"はいる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on かい","gloss":"entered"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of はいる","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"黒板","lemma":"黒板","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 杯","gloss":"blackboard"},{"surface":"一","lemma":"一","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 杯","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"杯","lemma":"杯","morphology":"noun","role":"clause modifying 字","gloss":"full"},{"surface":"ぐらい","lemma":"ぐらい","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 杯","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 杯","gloss":"sized"},{"surface":"大きな","lemma":"大きな","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies 字","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"字","lemma":"字","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on かい","gloss":"letters"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 字","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"天麩羅","lemma":"天麩羅","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 先生","gloss":"tempura"},{"surface":"先生","lemma":"先生","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of かい","gloss":"sensei"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 先生","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"かい","lemma":"かく","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"written"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of かい","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":109,"label":"","id":"ch03-p13-s2","source":"おれの顔を見てみんなわあと笑った。","translation":"Everyone burst out laughing the moment they saw my face.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p13-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 顔","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"顔","lemma":"顔","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 見","gloss":"face"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 顔","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"見","lemma":"見る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 笑っ","gloss":"saw"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 見","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"みんな","lemma":"みんな","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 笑っ","gloss":"everyone","note":"みんな ('everyone') is the subject of 笑った, not merely an adverbial modifier"},{"surface":"わあ","lemma":"わあ","morphology":"interjection","role":"adverbial clause on 笑っ","gloss":"wah","note":"わあ is the onomatopoeic exclamation itself ('wah!'); 'burst' imports the English idiom 'burst out laughing' onto the wrong token"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking わあ","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"笑っ","lemma":"笑う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"laughed"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 笑っ","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":110,"label":"","id":"ch03-p13-s3","source":"おれは馬鹿馬鹿しいから、天麩羅を食っちゃ可笑しいかと聞いた。","translation":"Finding it too ridiculous to bother with, I asked what was so funny about eating tempura.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p13-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 聞い","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"馬鹿馬鹿しい","lemma":"馬鹿馬鹿しい","morphology":"adjective","role":"oblique complement of 聞い","gloss":"ridiculous"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 馬鹿馬鹿しい","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"天麩羅","lemma":"天麩羅","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 食っ","gloss":"tempura"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 天麩羅","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"食っ","lemma":"食う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 可笑しい","gloss":"eating"},{"surface":"ちゃ","lemma":"ちゃ","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 食っ","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"可笑しい","lemma":"可笑しい","morphology":"adjective","role":"clausal complement of 聞い","gloss":"funny"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 可笑しい","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 可笑しい","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"聞い","lemma":"聞く","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 聞い","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":111,"label":"","id":"ch03-p13-s4","source":"すると生徒の一人が、しかし四杯は過ぎるぞな、もし、と云った。","translation":"One student answered, \"But four bowls is a bit much, sir, huh.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p13-s4.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ぞな、もし","title":"Iyo dialect sentence-final tags","body":"«ぞな» and «もし» are hallmark sentence endings of the Matsuyama-area (Iyo) dialect, roughly like a soft 'you know' / 'if you please' tacked onto a statement. Sōseki uses them throughout the novel to mark the local students' speech against Botchan's clipped Tokyo diction."}],"words":[{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"compound with と","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"生徒","lemma":"生徒","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 一人","gloss":"student"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 生徒","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"一人","lemma":"一人","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 云っ","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 一人","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"しかし","lemma":"しかし","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 過ぎる","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"四","lemma":"四","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 杯","gloss":"four"},{"surface":"杯","lemma":"杯","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 過ぎる","gloss":"servings"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 杯","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"過ぎる","lemma":"過ぎる","morphology":"verb","role":"predicate of the quoted clause","gloss":"too much"},{"surface":"ぞ","lemma":"ぞ","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 過ぎる","gloss":"you know"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"な","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 過ぎる","gloss":"right"},{"surface":"もし","lemma":"もし","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies 云っ","gloss":"sir","note":"Matsuyama-dialect sentence-final address particle here, not the conditional 'if'"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もし","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"answered"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云っ","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":112,"label":"","id":"ch03-p13-s5","source":"四杯食おうが五杯食おうがおれの銭でおれが食うのに文句があるもんかと、さっさと講義を済まして控所へ帰って来た。","translation":"Whether I eat four bowls or five, it's my own money buying my own food — what's it to anyone? — and with that I got through the lecture quickly and went back to the staff room.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p13-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"四","lemma":"四","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 杯","gloss":"four"},{"surface":"杯","lemma":"杯","morphology":"noun","role":"quantity complement of 食おう","gloss":"servings"},{"surface":"食おう","lemma":"食う","morphology":"verb","role":"verb of concessive clause (whether eating four)","gloss":"eat"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"concessive marker (whether ... or)","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"五","lemma":"五","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 杯","gloss":"five"},{"surface":"杯","lemma":"杯","morphology":"noun","role":"quantity complement of 食おう","gloss":"servings"},{"surface":"食おう","lemma":"食う","morphology":"verb","role":"verb of concessive clause (whether eating five)","gloss":"eat"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"concessive marker (whether ... or)","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor, modifies 銭","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"銭","lemma":"銭","morphology":"noun","role":"instrumental complement of 食う","gloss":"money"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 銭","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 食う","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"食う","lemma":"食う","morphology":"verb","role":"nominalized clause (with の), target of 文句がある","gloss":"eating"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"nominalizes 食う","gloss":"nominalizer"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 食うの","gloss":"against"},{"surface":"文句","lemma":"文句","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ある","gloss":"complaint"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 文句","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying もん","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"もん","lemma":"もん","morphology":"noun","role":"head noun of rhetorical question (もんか)","gloss":"reason","note":"「もんか」= colloquial もの+か, a rhetorical 'is there any reason to...?' meaning 'no.'"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もん","gloss":"question"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"quote marker, closes the preceding thought","gloss":"quote"},{"surface":"さっさと","lemma":"さっさと","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 済まし","gloss":"quickly"},{"surface":"講義","lemma":"講義","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 済まし","gloss":"lecture"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 講義","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"済まし","lemma":"済ます","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 帰っ","gloss":"finished"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 済まし","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"控","lemma":"控","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 所","gloss":"staff"},{"surface":"所","lemma":"所","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 帰っ","gloss":"room"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 所","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"帰っ","lemma":"帰る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went back"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 帰っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"来","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 帰っ","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":113,"label":"","id":"ch03-p13-s6","source":"十分立って次の教場へ出ると一つ天麩羅四杯なり。","translation":"Ten minutes later, when I went out to the next class, there it was on the board: \"Item: Four Bowls of Tempura Soba.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p13-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"十","lemma":"十","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 分","gloss":"ten"},{"surface":"分","lemma":"分","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 立っ","gloss":"minutes"},{"surface":"立っ","lemma":"立つ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 出る","gloss":"passed"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 立っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"次","lemma":"次","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 教場","gloss":"next"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 次","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"教場","lemma":"教場","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 出る","gloss":"classroom"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 教場","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"出る","lemma":"出る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on なり","gloss":"went out"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 出る","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"一","lemma":"一","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies つ","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"つ","lemma":"つ","morphology":"noun","role":"list-item marker before 天麩羅四杯なり","gloss":"item"},{"surface":"天麩羅","lemma":"天麩羅","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 杯","gloss":"tempura"},{"surface":"四","lemma":"四","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 杯","gloss":"four"},{"surface":"杯","lemma":"杯","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"servings"},{"surface":"なり","lemma":"なり","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula, main predicate of the sentence","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":114,"label":"","id":"ch03-p13-s7","source":"但し笑うべからず。","translation":"\"But no laughing.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p13-s7.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"笑うべからず","title":"«べからず» — classical prohibitive","body":"«べからず» is the classical negative of «べし» ('should/must'): attached to a plain-form verb it means 'must not / shall not,' a formal, notice-board register — the kind of wording used on official signs. The students mock Botchan by mimicking that stiff official tone on the blackboard."}],"words":[{"surface":"但し","lemma":"但し","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies 笑う","gloss":"provided"},{"surface":"笑う","lemma":"笑う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"laugh"},{"surface":"べから","lemma":"べし","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 笑う","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"ず","lemma":"ず","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 笑う","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":115,"label":"","id":"ch03-p13-s8","source":"と黒板にかいてある。","translation":"So it read on the blackboard.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p13-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"quote particle marking the preceding clause, complement of かい","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"黒板","lemma":"黒板","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of かい","gloss":"blackboard"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 黒板","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"かい","lemma":"かく","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"written"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of かい","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":116,"label":"","id":"ch03-p13-s9","source":"さっきは別に腹も立たなかったが今度は癪に障った。","translation":"The first time hadn't particularly bothered me, but this time it got under my skin.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p13-s9.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"さっき","lemma":"さっき","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 立た","gloss":"earlier"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking さっき","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"別","lemma":"別","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 立た","gloss":"particular"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 別","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"腹","lemma":"腹","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 立た","gloss":"temper","note":"腹が立つ 'belly rises' is the idiom for getting angry."},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 腹","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"立た","lemma":"立つ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 障っ","gloss":"flare up"},{"surface":"なかっ","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 立た","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 立た","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 立た","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"今度","lemma":"今度","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 障っ","gloss":"this time"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 今度","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"癪","lemma":"癪","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 障っ","gloss":"nerves","note":"癪に障る 'touches one's 癪 (annoyance)' is the idiom for getting on one's nerves."},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 癪","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"障っ","lemma":"障る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"grated"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 障っ","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":117,"label":"","id":"ch03-p13-s10","source":"冗談も度を過ごせばいたずらだ。","translation":"A joke carried past a certain point stops being a joke and becomes plain mischief.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p13-s10.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"冗談","lemma":"冗談","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 過ごせ","gloss":"joke"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 冗談","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"度","lemma":"度","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 過ごせ","gloss":"limit"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 度","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"過ごせ","lemma":"過ごす","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on いたずら","gloss":"exceeds"},{"surface":"ば","lemma":"ば","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 過ごせ","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"いたずら","lemma":"いたずら","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"mischief"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of いたずら","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":118,"label":"","id":"ch03-p13-s11","source":"焼餅の黒焦のようなもので誰も賞め手はない。","translation":"It's like a toasted rice cake burnt black — nobody's going to praise it.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p13-s11.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"焼餅","lemma":"焼餅","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 焦","gloss":"toasted rice cake"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 焼餅","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"黒","lemma":"黒","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 焦","gloss":"black"},{"surface":"焦","lemma":"焦","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies よう","gloss":"burnt"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 焦","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"よう","lemma":"よう","morphology":"noun","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to よう","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of ない","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to もの","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"誰","lemma":"誰","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 賞め","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 誰","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"賞め","lemma":"賞める","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with 手","gloss":"praise"},{"surface":"手","lemma":"手","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ない","gloss":"one who"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 手","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"isn't"}]},{"number":119,"label":"","id":"ch03-p13-s12","source":"田舎者はこの呼吸が分からないからどこまで押して行っても構わないと云う了見だろう。","translation":"Country boys don't understand this kind of timing, so they figure they can push a thing as far as they please.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p13-s12.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"田舎者","lemma":"田舎者","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 構わ","gloss":"country folk"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 田舎者","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 呼吸","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"呼吸","lemma":"呼吸","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 分から","gloss":"knack","note":"呼吸 'breathing' is used idiomatically for the feel/timing of a thing."},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 呼吸","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"分から","lemma":"分かる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 行っ","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 分から","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 分から","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"どこ","lemma":"どこ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of 押し","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"まで","lemma":"まで","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking どこ","gloss":"as far as"},{"surface":"押し","lemma":"押す","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 行っ","gloss":"push"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 押し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"行っ","lemma":"行く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 構わ","gloss":"go on"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 行っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 行っ","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"構わ","lemma":"構う","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 云う","gloss":"mind"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 構わ","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 構わ","gloss":"quote"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"say"},{"surface":"了見","lemma":"了見","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 云う","gloss":"notion"},{"surface":"だろう","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云う","gloss":"probably"}]},{"number":120,"label":"","id":"ch03-p13-s13","source":"一時間あるくと見物する町もないような狭い都に住んで、外に何にも芸がないから、天麩羅事件を日露戦争のように触れちらかすんだろう。","translation":"Living in a town so small you could see the whole of it in a single hour's walk, with nothing else to occupy them, they've gone and blown up the whole tempura affair as if it were the Russo-Japanese War.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p13-s13.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"一","lemma":"一","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 時間","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"時間","lemma":"時間","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of あるく","gloss":"hour"},{"surface":"あるく","lemma":"歩く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 見物","gloss":"walk"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking あるく","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"見物","lemma":"見物","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 町","gloss":"sightsee"},{"surface":"する","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 見物","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"町","lemma":"町","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ない","gloss":"town"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 町","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 都","gloss":"isn't"},{"surface":"よう","lemma":"よう","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of ない","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of ない","gloss":"that is"},{"surface":"狭い","lemma":"狭い","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 都","gloss":"narrow"},{"surface":"都","lemma":"都","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 住ん","gloss":"city"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 都","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"住ん","lemma":"住む","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on ない","gloss":"live"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 住ん","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"外","lemma":"外","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of ない","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 外","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"何に","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of ない","gloss":"anything"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何に","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"芸","lemma":"芸","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ない","gloss":"talent"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 芸","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 触れ","gloss":"isn't"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ない","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"天麩羅","lemma":"天麩羅","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 事件","gloss":"tempura"},{"surface":"事件","lemma":"事件","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 触れ","gloss":"affair"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 事件","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"日露","lemma":"日露","morphology":"proper noun","role":"compound with 戦争","gloss":"Russo-Japanese"},{"surface":"戦争","lemma":"戦争","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies よう","gloss":"war"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 戦争","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"よう","lemma":"よう","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 触れ","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to よう","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"触れ","lemma":"触れる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on ちらかす","gloss":"blab"},{"surface":"ちらかす","lemma":"ちらかす","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"excessively"},{"surface":"ん","lemma":"ん","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ちらかす","gloss":"explanatory"},{"surface":"だろう","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase ん","gloss":"probably"}]},{"number":121,"label":"","id":"ch03-p13-s14","source":"憐れな奴等だ。","translation":"Pathetic bunch.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p13-s14.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"憐れ","lemma":"憐れ","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 等","gloss":"pathetic"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 憐れ","gloss":"that are"},{"surface":"奴","lemma":"奴","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 等","gloss":"guys"},{"surface":"等","lemma":"等","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"bunch"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 等","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":122,"label":"","id":"ch03-p13-s15","source":"小供の時から、こんなに教育されるから、いやにひねっこびた、植木鉢の楓みたような小人が出来るんだ。","translation":"Being raised on this kind of thing from childhood is exactly how you end up with these disagreeably twisted little runts, like a maple bonsai stunted in a flowerpot.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p13-s15.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"小供","lemma":"小供","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 時","gloss":"childhood"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 小供","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"時","lemma":"時","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 教育","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 時","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"こんな","lemma":"こんな","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 教育","gloss":"this way"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of こんな","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"教育","lemma":"教育","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on こび","gloss":"raised"},{"surface":"さ","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 教育","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"れる","lemma":"れる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 教育","gloss":"-ed"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 教育","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"いや","lemma":"いや","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on ひねっ","gloss":"unpleasant"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of いや","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"ひねっ","lemma":"ひねる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on こび","gloss":"twisted"},{"surface":"こび","lemma":"こびる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 出来る","gloss":"sly"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of こび","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"植木","lemma":"植木","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 鉢","gloss":"potted"},{"surface":"鉢","lemma":"鉢","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 楓","gloss":"pot"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 鉢","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"楓","lemma":"楓","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 出来る","gloss":"maple"},{"surface":"み","lemma":"みたい","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of colloquial みたような (= みたいな), clause modifying 小人","gloss":"like","note":"「みたような」is a colloquial Meiji-era contraction of 「みたいな」, 'like a ~.'"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"みたい","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase み","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"よう","lemma":"よう","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase み","gloss":"resembling"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"attributive marker of よう","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"小人","lemma":"小人","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 出来る","gloss":"runt"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 小人","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"出来る","lemma":"出来る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"comes about"},{"surface":"ん","lemma":"ん","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 出来る","gloss":"explanatory"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase ん","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":123,"label":"","id":"ch03-p13-s16","source":"無邪気ならいっしょに笑ってもいいが、こりゃなんだ。","translation":"If it were done in innocence I could laugh right along with them, but what is this.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p13-s16.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"無邪気","lemma":"無邪気","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 笑っ","gloss":"innocent"},{"surface":"なら","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 無邪気","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"いっしょ","lemma":"いっしょ","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 笑っ","gloss":"together"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking いっしょ","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"笑っ","lemma":"笑う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on こりゃ","gloss":"laugh"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 笑っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"いい","lemma":"いい","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"fine"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 笑っ","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"こりゃ","lemma":"これは","morphology":"pronoun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"part of 何ん (what)","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"ん","lemma":"何","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of 何ん (what), interrogative pronoun","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase ん","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":124,"label":"","id":"ch03-p13-s17","source":"小供の癖に乙に毒気を持ってる。","translation":"Mere children, and yet with such a nasty streak of malice in them.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p13-s17.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"小供","lemma":"小供","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 癖","gloss":"children"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 小供","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"癖","lemma":"癖","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 持っ","gloss":"habit","note":"の癖に = 'despite being,' idiomatic concessive."},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 癖","gloss":"despite"},{"surface":"乙","lemma":"乙","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 持っ","gloss":"oddly"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 乙","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"毒気","lemma":"毒気","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 持っ","gloss":"malice"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 毒気","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"持っ","lemma":"持つ","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"てる","lemma":"てる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 持っ","gloss":"-ing"}]},{"number":125,"label":"","id":"ch03-p13-s18","source":"おれはだまって、天麩羅を消して、こんないたずらが面白いか、卑怯な冗談だ。","translation":"I said nothing, wiped \"tempura\" off the board, and told them: is this sort of prank really so amusing — it's a cowardly joke.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p13-s18.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of だまっ","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"だまっ","lemma":"だまる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 消し","gloss":"kept silent"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of だまっ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"天麩羅","lemma":"天麩羅","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 消し","gloss":"tempura"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 天麩羅","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"消し","lemma":"消す","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 面白い","gloss":"wiped off"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 消し","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"こんな","lemma":"こんな","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies いたずら","gloss":"this sort of"},{"surface":"いたずら","lemma":"いたずら","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 面白い","gloss":"prank"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking いたずら","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"面白い","lemma":"面白い","morphology":"adjective","role":"predicate of the question clause","gloss":"amusing"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"question particle ending the clause","gloss":"(question)"},{"surface":"卑怯","lemma":"卑怯","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 冗談","gloss":"cowardly"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"attributive auxiliary of 卑怯","gloss":"that is","note":"Attributive form of だ, linking the na-adjective 卑怯 to the noun 冗談."},{"surface":"冗談","lemma":"冗談","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"joke"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 冗談","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":126,"label":"","id":"ch03-p13-s19","source":"君等は卑怯と云う意味を知ってるか、と云ったら、自分がした事を笑われて怒るのが卑怯じゃろうがな、もしと答えた奴がある。","translation":"\"Do you even know what 'cowardly' means?\" I asked, and one of them answered back, \"Getting angry when people laugh at what you did yourself — that's what's cowardly, isn't it, sir, huh.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p13-s19.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"君等","lemma":"君等","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 知っ","gloss":"you all"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 君等","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"卑怯","lemma":"卑怯","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 意味","gloss":"cowardly"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 卑怯","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase と","gloss":"called"},{"surface":"意味","lemma":"意味","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 知っ","gloss":"meaning"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 意味","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"知っ","lemma":"知る","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 云っ","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"てる","lemma":"てる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 知っ","gloss":"(state)"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 知っ","gloss":"(question)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 知っ","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 答え","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云っ","gloss":"(when)"},{"surface":"自分","lemma":"自分","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of し","gloss":"you yourself"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 自分","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 事","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of し","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 笑わ","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 事","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"笑わ","lemma":"笑う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 怒る","gloss":"laughed at"},{"surface":"れ","lemma":"れる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 笑わ","gloss":"(passive)"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 笑わ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"怒る","lemma":"怒る","morphology":"verb","role":"depends on ある","gloss":"get angry"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 怒る","gloss":"(nominalizer)"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 怒る","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"卑怯","lemma":"卑怯","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on ある","gloss":"cowardly"},{"surface":"じゃろう","lemma":"じゃ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 卑怯","gloss":"must be","note":"Dialectal じゃ (=だ) plus presumptive ろう; a Matsuyama-dialect way of saying 'that's probably it, isn't it'."},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence-final particle","gloss":"isn't it"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"な","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence-final particle","gloss":"huh"},{"surface":"もし","lemma":"もし","morphology":"interjection","role":"vocative address within the quote","gloss":"sir","note":"Old-fashioned interjection used to address someone directly, here the teacher; not the conditional 'if'."},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もし","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"答え","lemma":"答える","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 奴","gloss":"answered"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 答え","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"奴","lemma":"奴","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ある","gloss":"guy"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 奴","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"}]},{"number":127,"label":"","id":"ch03-p13-s20","source":"やな奴だ。","translation":"Nasty little brat.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p13-s20.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"や","lemma":"いや","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies 奴","gloss":"nasty","note":"Dialectal contraction of いや (unpleasant/nasty), not the exclamation や."},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"attributive auxiliary of いや","gloss":"that is"},{"surface":"奴","lemma":"奴","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"brat"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 奴","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":128,"label":"","id":"ch03-p13-s21","source":"わざわざ東京から、こんな奴を教えに来たのかと思ったら情なくなった。","translation":"To think I'd come all the way from Tokyo just to teach the likes of him made me thoroughly miserable.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p13-s21.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"わざわざ","lemma":"わざわざ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 来","gloss":"specially"},{"surface":"東京","lemma":"東京","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of 来","gloss":"Tokyo"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 東京","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"こんな","lemma":"こんな","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 奴","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"奴","lemma":"奴","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 教え","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 奴","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"教え","lemma":"教える","morphology":"verb","role":"purposive complement of 来","gloss":"teach"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 教え","gloss":"(purpose)"},{"surface":"来","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 思っ","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 来","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 来","gloss":"(nominalizer)"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 来","gloss":"(whether)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 来","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"思っ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 情なく","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 思っ","gloss":"(when)"},{"surface":"情なく","lemma":"情ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on なっ","gloss":"miserable"},{"surface":"なっ","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なっ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":129,"label":"","id":"ch03-p13-s22","source":"余計な減らず口を利かないで勉強しろと云って、授業を始めてしまった。","translation":"\"Cut the smart talk and study,\" I told them, and went ahead and started the lesson.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p13-s22.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"余計","lemma":"余計","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies 口","gloss":"needless"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"attributive auxiliary of 余計","gloss":"that is"},{"surface":"減ら","lemma":"減る","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with 口","gloss":"flagging","note":"減らず口 is a fixed idiom, 'a mouth that never flags' — back talk, sass."},{"surface":"ず","lemma":"ず","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 減ら","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"口","lemma":"口","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 利か","gloss":"talk"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 口","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"利か","lemma":"利く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 勉強","gloss":"speak"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 利か","gloss":"(not)"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 利か","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"勉強","lemma":"勉強","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 云っ","gloss":"study"},{"surface":"しろ","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 勉強","gloss":"(imperative)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 勉強","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 始め","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 云っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"授業","lemma":"授業","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 始め","gloss":"lesson"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 授業","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"始め","lemma":"始める","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"started"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 始め","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"しまっ","lemma":"しまう","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"went ahead"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 始め","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":130,"label":"","id":"ch03-p13-s23","source":"それから次の教場へ出たら天麩羅を食うと減らず口が利きたくなるものなりと書いてある。","translation":"Then, going out to the next class after that, I found written up: \"Eating tempura makes one want to talk back.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p13-s23.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"それ","lemma":"それ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of 出","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking それ","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"次","lemma":"次","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 教場","gloss":"next"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 次","gloss":"(of)"},{"surface":"教場","lemma":"教場","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 出","gloss":"classroom"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 教場","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"出","lemma":"出る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 書い","gloss":"went out"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出","gloss":"(when)"},{"surface":"天麩羅","lemma":"天麩羅","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 食う","gloss":"tempura"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 天麩羅","gloss":"(object)"},{"surface":"食う","lemma":"食う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 利き","gloss":"eating"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 食う","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"減ら","lemma":"減る","morphology":"verb","role":"compound with 口","gloss":"flagging","note":"減らず口, the same 'never-flagging mouth' idiom for back talk."},{"surface":"ず","lemma":"ず","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 減ら","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"口","lemma":"口","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 利き","gloss":"talk"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 口","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"利き","lemma":"利く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on なる","gloss":"talk"},{"surface":"たく","lemma":"たい","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 利き","gloss":"want to"},{"surface":"なる","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 書い","gloss":"fact"},{"surface":"なり","lemma":"なり","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to もの","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もの","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"書い","lemma":"書く","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"written"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 書い","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":131,"label":"","id":"ch03-p13-s24","source":"どうも始末に終えない。","translation":"There's simply no getting the better of them.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p13-s24.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"どう","lemma":"どう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 終え","gloss":"no matter how"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking どう","gloss":"(emphasis)"},{"surface":"始末","lemma":"始末","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 終え","gloss":"handling"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 始末","gloss":"(in)"},{"surface":"終え","lemma":"終える","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"finish"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 終え","gloss":"(not)"}]},{"number":132,"label":"","id":"ch03-p13-s25","source":"あんまり腹が立ったから、そんな生意気な奴は教えないと云ってすたすた帰って来てやった。","translation":"I got so angry that I declared I wouldn't teach such impudent brats, and marched straight back without another word.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p13-s25.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"あんまり","lemma":"あんまり","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 立っ","gloss":"so much"},{"surface":"腹","lemma":"腹","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 立っ","gloss":"temper"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 腹","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"立っ","lemma":"立つ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 教え","gloss":"flared"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 立っ","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 立っ","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"そんな","lemma":"そんな","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 意気","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"生","lemma":"生","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 意気","gloss":"brash"},{"surface":"意気","lemma":"意気","morphology":"noun","role":"clause modifying 奴","gloss":"spirit"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 意気","gloss":"that is"},{"surface":"奴","lemma":"奴","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 教え","gloss":"brats"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 奴","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"教え","lemma":"教える","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 云っ","gloss":"teach"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 教え","gloss":"(not)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 教え","gloss":"(quote)"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 帰っ","gloss":"declared"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 云っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"すたすた","lemma":"すたすた","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 帰っ","gloss":"briskly"},{"surface":"帰っ","lemma":"帰る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 来","gloss":"returned"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 帰っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"来","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on やっ","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 来","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"やっ","lemma":"やる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went and did"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of やっ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":133,"label":"","id":"ch03-p13-s26","source":"生徒は休みになって喜んだそうだ。","translation":"The students, apparently, were delighted to get out of class.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p13-s26.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"生徒","lemma":"生徒","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of なっ","gloss":"students"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 生徒","gloss":"(topic)"},{"surface":"休み","lemma":"休み","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of なっ","gloss":"break"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 休み","gloss":"(into)"},{"surface":"なっ","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 喜ん","gloss":"got"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of なっ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"喜ん","lemma":"喜ぶ","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"were delighted"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 喜ん","gloss":"(past)"},{"surface":"そう","lemma":"そう","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 喜ん","gloss":"apparently"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 喜ん","gloss":"(hearsay)"}]},{"number":134,"label":"","id":"ch03-p13-s27","source":"こうなると学校より骨董の方がまだましだ。","translation":"At this rate, the antiques dealer is starting to look better than the school.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p13-s27.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"こう","lemma":"こう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies なる","gloss":"this way"},{"surface":"なる","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on まし","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of なる","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"学校","lemma":"学校","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 方","gloss":"school"},{"surface":"より","lemma":"より","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学校","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"骨董","lemma":"骨董","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 方","gloss":"antiques"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 骨董","gloss":"(of)"},{"surface":"方","lemma":"方","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of まし","gloss":"option"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 方","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"まだ","lemma":"まだ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies まし","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"まし","lemma":"まし","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"better"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of まし","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":135,"label":"15","id":"ch03-p15-s1","source":"天麩羅蕎麦もうちへ帰って、一晩寝たらそんなに肝癪に障らなくなった。","translation":"As for the tempura-soba business, once I got home and slept on it a night, it stopped bothering me so much.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"天麩羅","lemma":"天麩羅","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 蕎麦","gloss":"tempura"},{"surface":"蕎麦","lemma":"蕎麦","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 障ら","gloss":"soba"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 蕎麦","gloss":"(also)"},{"surface":"うち","lemma":"うち","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 帰っ","gloss":"home"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking うち","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"帰っ","lemma":"帰る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on なっ","gloss":"returned"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 帰っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"一","lemma":"一","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 晩","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"晩","lemma":"晩","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 寝","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"寝","lemma":"寝る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on なっ","gloss":"slept"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 寝","gloss":"(when)"},{"surface":"そんな","lemma":"そんな","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 障ら","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle forming adverb with そんな","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"肝","lemma":"肝","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 癪","gloss":"liver"},{"surface":"癪","lemma":"癪","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 障ら","gloss":"temper","note":"肝癪 (liver + spasm) is an idiom for irritation/temper; 肝癪に障る = 'to grate on one's nerves'."},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 肝癪","gloss":"(to)"},{"surface":"障ら","lemma":"障る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on なっ","gloss":"bother"},{"surface":"なく","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 障ら","gloss":"(not)"},{"surface":"なっ","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なっ","gloss":"(past)"}]},{"number":136,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s2","source":"学校へ出てみると、生徒も出ている。","translation":"I went to school, and the students turned up too.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"学校","lemma":"学校","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 出","gloss":"school"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学校","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"出","lemma":"出る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 出","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 出","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"みる","lemma":"みる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 出","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"生徒","lemma":"生徒","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 出","gloss":"students"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 生徒","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"出","lemma":"出る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"turned up"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 出","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"いる","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"(state)"}]},{"number":137,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s3","source":"何だか訳が分らない。","translation":"It made no particular sense to me.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"adverbial clause on 分ら","gloss":"somehow"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 何","gloss":"(is)"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 何","gloss":"(uncertain)"},{"surface":"訳","lemma":"訳","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 分ら","gloss":"sense"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 訳","gloss":"(subject)"},{"surface":"分ら","lemma":"分る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 分ら","gloss":"(not)"}]},{"number":138,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s4","source":"それから三日ばかりは無事であったが、四日目の晩に住田と云う所へ行って団子を食った。","translation":"For about three days after that all was quiet, but on the evening of the fourth day I went to a place called Sumita and ate dumplings.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"それ","lemma":"それ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"forms それから (after that), modifies 三日","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking それ (after)","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"三","lemma":"三","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 日","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"日","lemma":"日","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 無事","gloss":"days"},{"surface":"ばかり","lemma":"ばかり","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 日 (about)","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 日","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"無事","lemma":"無事","morphology":"adjective","role":"predicate of the first clause (modifies 日)","gloss":"quiet"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula, part of であった","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"あっ","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 無事","gloss":"-ed"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"coordinates the first clause with 食っ","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"四","lemma":"四","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 目","gloss":"four"},{"surface":"日","lemma":"日","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 目","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"目","lemma":"目","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 晩","gloss":"-th"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 目","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"晩","lemma":"晩","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 云う","gloss":"evening"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 晩","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"住田","lemma":"住田","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of 云う","gloss":"Sumita"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 住田","gloss":"(quote marker)"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 所","gloss":"called"},{"surface":"所","lemma":"所","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 行っ","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 所","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"行っ","lemma":"行く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 食っ","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 行っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"団子","lemma":"団子","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 食っ","gloss":"dumplings"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 団子","gloss":"(object marker)"},{"surface":"食っ","lemma":"食う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"ate"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 食っ","gloss":"-ed"}]},{"number":139,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s5","source":"この住田と云う所は温泉のある町で城下から汽車だと十分ばかり、歩いて三十分で行かれる、料理屋も温泉宿も、公園もある上に遊廓がある。","translation":"This Sumita is a hot-spring town, about ten minutes by train from the castle town, or thirty minutes on foot, and it has restaurants, hot-spring inns, a park, and on top of that a red-light district.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s5.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"遊廓","title":"«遊廓» ゆうかく (yūkaku)","body":"«遊廓» ゆうかく (yūkaku) — a licensed red-light district, common to Meiji-era Japanese towns, usually walled or gated off as its own quarter. Sōseki's Sumita is modeled on Dōgo, the hot-spring district of Matsuyama, where Sōseki himself once taught."}],"words":[{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 住田","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"住田","lemma":"住田","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of 云う","gloss":"Sumita"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 住田","gloss":"(quote marker)"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 所","gloss":"called"},{"surface":"所","lemma":"所","morphology":"noun","role":"topic, subject of 行かれる","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 所","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"温泉","lemma":"温泉","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies ある","gloss":"hot spring"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 温泉 (subject in clause)","gloss":"(marks subject)"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 町","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"町","lemma":"町","morphology":"noun","role":"predicate noun of 所, linked by で","gloss":"town"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"copula linking 町 to the next clause","gloss":"and is"},{"surface":"城下","lemma":"城下","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 分 (starting point)","gloss":"castle town"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 城下","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"汽車","lemma":"汽車","morphology":"noun","role":"conditional clause modifying 分","gloss":"train"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 汽車","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 汽車","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"十","lemma":"十","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 分","gloss":"ten"},{"surface":"分","lemma":"分","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 行か","gloss":"minutes"},{"surface":"ばかり","lemma":"ばかり","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 分","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"歩い","lemma":"歩く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 行か","gloss":"walking"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 歩い","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"三十","lemma":"三十","morphology":"noun","role":"quantifies 分","gloss":"thirty"},{"surface":"分","lemma":"分","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 行か","gloss":"minutes"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 分","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"行か","lemma":"行く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on ある","gloss":"be reached"},{"surface":"れる","lemma":"れる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 行か","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"料理","lemma":"料理","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 屋","gloss":"cooking"},{"surface":"屋","lemma":"屋","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ある","gloss":"restaurants"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 屋","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"温泉","lemma":"温泉","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 宿","gloss":"hot spring"},{"surface":"宿","lemma":"宿","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ある","gloss":"inns"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 宿","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"公園","lemma":"公園","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ある","gloss":"a park"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 公園","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"modifies 上","gloss":"there is"},{"surface":"上","lemma":"上","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of the final ある","gloss":"on top of that"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 上","gloss":"(marks addition)"},{"surface":"遊廓","lemma":"遊廓","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ある","gloss":"a red-light district"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 遊廓","gloss":"(subject marker)"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"there is"}]},{"number":140,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s6","source":"おれのはいった団子屋は遊廓の入口にあって、大変うまいという評判だから、温泉に行った帰りがけにちょっと食ってみた。","translation":"The dumpling shop I went into stood at the entrance of the district and had a reputation for being very good, so on my way back from the hot spring I stopped in for a taste.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of はいっ (の for が)","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ (subject in relative clause)","gloss":"(marks subject)"},{"surface":"はいっ","lemma":"はいる","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 屋","gloss":"went into"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of はいっ","gloss":"-ed"},{"surface":"団子","lemma":"団子","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 屋","gloss":"dumpling"},{"surface":"屋","lemma":"屋","morphology":"noun","role":"topic, subject of あっ and 評判","gloss":"shop"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 屋","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"遊廓","lemma":"遊廓","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 入口","gloss":"the district"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 遊廓","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"入口","lemma":"入口","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of あっ","gloss":"entrance"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 入口","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"あっ","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"predicate of 屋, coordinated with 評判 via て","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of あっ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"大変","lemma":"大変","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies うまい","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"うまい","lemma":"うまい","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 評判","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking うまい","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"いう","lemma":"いう","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase と","gloss":"said to be"},{"surface":"評判","lemma":"評判","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial clause on 食っ","gloss":"reputation"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 評判","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 評判","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"温泉","lemma":"温泉","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 行っ","gloss":"hot spring"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 温泉","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"行っ","lemma":"行く","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 帰りがけ","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 行っ","gloss":"-ed"},{"surface":"帰りがけ","lemma":"帰りがけ","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 食っ","gloss":"on the way back"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 帰りがけ","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"ちょっと","lemma":"ちょっと","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 食っ","gloss":"a little"},{"surface":"食っ","lemma":"食う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"ate"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 食っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"み","lemma":"みる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"tried"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 食っ","gloss":"-ed"}]},{"number":141,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s7","source":"今度は生徒にも逢わなかったから、誰も知るまいと思って、翌日学校へ行って、一時間目の教場へはいると団子二皿七銭と書いてある。","translation":"This time I hadn't run into any students, so I assumed no one would know, but the next day at school, walking into the first-period classroom, I found written up: \"Dumplings, two plates, seven sen.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"今度","lemma":"今度","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 逢わ","gloss":"this time"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 今度","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"生徒","lemma":"生徒","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 逢わ","gloss":"students"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 生徒","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 生徒","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"逢わ","lemma":"逢う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 知る","gloss":"run into"},{"surface":"なかっ","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 逢わ","gloss":"didn't"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 逢わ","gloss":"-ed"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 逢わ","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"誰","lemma":"誰","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 知る","gloss":"anyone"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 誰","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"知る","lemma":"知る","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 思っ","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"まい","lemma":"まい","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 知る","gloss":"won't"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 知る","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"思っ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 行っ","gloss":"assumed"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 思っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"翌日","lemma":"翌日","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial time, modifies 行っ","gloss":"the next day"},{"surface":"学校","lemma":"学校","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 行っ","gloss":"school"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学校","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"行っ","lemma":"行く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on はいる","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 行っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"一","lemma":"一","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 目","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"時間","lemma":"時間","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 目","gloss":"period"},{"surface":"目","lemma":"目","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 教場","gloss":"-th"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 目","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"教場","lemma":"教場","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of はいる","gloss":"classroom"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 教場","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"はいる","lemma":"はいる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 書い","gloss":"walked in"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of はいる","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"団子","lemma":"団子","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 銭","gloss":"dumplings"},{"surface":"二","lemma":"二","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 銭","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"皿","lemma":"皿","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 銭","gloss":"plates"},{"surface":"七","lemma":"七","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 銭","gloss":"seven"},{"surface":"銭","lemma":"銭","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 書い","gloss":"sen"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 銭","gloss":"(quote marker)"},{"surface":"書い","lemma":"書く","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"written"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 書い","gloss":"(connective)"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":142,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s8","source":"実際おれは二皿食って七銭払った。","translation":"As it happens, I had eaten two plates and paid exactly seven sen.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"実際","lemma":"実際","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 払っ","gloss":"as it happens"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 払っ","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"二","lemma":"二","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 皿","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"皿","lemma":"皿","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 食っ","gloss":"plates"},{"surface":"食っ","lemma":"食う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 払っ","gloss":"ate"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 食っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"七","lemma":"七","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 銭","gloss":"seven"},{"surface":"銭","lemma":"銭","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 払っ","gloss":"sen"},{"surface":"払っ","lemma":"払う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"paid"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 払っ","gloss":"-ed"}]},{"number":143,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s9","source":"どうも厄介な奴等だ。","translation":"What a troublesome bunch.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s9.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"どう","lemma":"どう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 厄介 (with も)","gloss":"truly"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking どう","gloss":"(intensifier)"},{"surface":"厄介","lemma":"厄介","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 等","gloss":"troublesome"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 厄介","gloss":"(attributive)"},{"surface":"奴","lemma":"奴","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 等","gloss":"guys"},{"surface":"等","lemma":"等","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"bunch"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 等","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":144,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s10","source":"二時間目にもきっと何かあると思うと遊廓の団子旨い旨いと書いてある。","translation":"Sure enough, expecting something in second period too, I found: \"Red-light district dumplings — delicious, delicious.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s10.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"二","lemma":"二","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 目","gloss":"second"},{"surface":"時間","lemma":"時間","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 目","gloss":"period"},{"surface":"目","lemma":"目","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of ある","gloss":"-th"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 目","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 目","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"きっと","lemma":"きっと","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ある","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of ある","gloss":"something"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"(indefinite marker)"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 思う","gloss":"there is"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ある","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"思う","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 書い","gloss":"expecting"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 思う","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"遊廓","lemma":"遊廓","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 団子","gloss":"red-light district"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 遊廓","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"団子","lemma":"団子","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 旨い","gloss":"dumplings"},{"surface":"旨い","lemma":"旨い","morphology":"adjective","role":"repeated for emphasis, modifies second 旨い","gloss":"delicious"},{"surface":"旨い","lemma":"旨い","morphology":"adjective","role":"quoted predicate, complement of 書い","gloss":"delicious"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 旨い","gloss":"(quote marker)"},{"surface":"書い","lemma":"書く","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"written"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 書い","gloss":"(connective)"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":145,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s11","source":"あきれ返った奴等だ。","translation":"An utterly exasperating lot.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s11.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"あきれ","lemma":"あきれる","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 等","gloss":"exasperated"},{"surface":"返っ","lemma":"返る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 等","gloss":"utterly"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 返っ","gloss":"-ed"},{"surface":"奴","lemma":"奴","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 等","gloss":"guys"},{"surface":"等","lemma":"等","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"lot"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 等","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":146,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s12","source":"団子がそれで済んだと思ったら今度は赤手拭と云うのが評判になった。","translation":"Just when I thought the dumpling business had died down, this time it was \"Red Towel\" that became the talk of the school.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s12.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"団子","lemma":"団子","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 済ん","gloss":"the dumplings"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 団子","gloss":"(subject marker)"},{"surface":"それ","lemma":"それ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of 済ん","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking それ","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"済ん","lemma":"済む","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 思っ","gloss":"died down"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 済ん","gloss":"-ed"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 済ん","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"思っ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on なっ","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 思っ","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"今度","lemma":"今度","morphology":"noun","role":"topic, modifies なっ","gloss":"this time"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 今度","gloss":"as for"},{"surface":"赤","lemma":"赤","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 手拭","gloss":"red"},{"surface":"手拭","lemma":"手拭","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 云う","gloss":"towel"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 手拭","gloss":"(quote marker)"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying の (nominalizer)","gloss":"called"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"nominalizes 云う, subject of なっ (with が)","gloss":"the thing"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking の","gloss":"(subject marker)"},{"surface":"評判","lemma":"評判","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of なっ","gloss":"the talk"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 評判","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"なっ","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なっ","gloss":"-ed"}]},{"number":147,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s13","source":"何の事だと思ったら、つまらない来歴だ。","translation":"I wondered what on earth it meant, and it turned out to be a thoroughly trivial story.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s13.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 事","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"clausal complement of 思っ","gloss":"matter"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 事","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 事","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"思っ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause modifying 来歴","gloss":"wondered"},{"surface":"たら","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 思っ","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"つまら","lemma":"つまらない","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 来歴","gloss":"trivial"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of つまら","gloss":"(adjective ending)"},{"surface":"来歴","lemma":"来歴","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"story"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 来歴","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":148,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s14","source":"おれはここへ来てから、毎日住田の温泉へ行く事に極めている。","translation":"Ever since coming here, I've made it a fixed habit to go to the hot spring at Sumita every day.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s14.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 極め","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"ここ","lemma":"ここ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of 来","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ここ","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"来","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 極め","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 来","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 来","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"毎日","lemma":"毎日","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 行く","gloss":"every day"},{"surface":"住田","lemma":"住田","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies 温泉","gloss":"Sumita"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 住田","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"温泉","lemma":"温泉","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 行く","gloss":"hot spring"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 温泉","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"行く","lemma":"行く","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 事","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 極め","gloss":"matter"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 事","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"極め","lemma":"極める","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"settle firmly on"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 極め","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"いる","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"have"}]},{"number":149,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s15","source":"ほかの所は何を見ても東京の足元にも及ばないが温泉だけは立派なものだ。","translation":"Everything else out here falls hopelessly short of Tokyo, but the hot spring, at least, is genuinely splendid.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s15.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ほか","lemma":"ほか","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 所","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ほか","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"所","lemma":"所","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 及ば","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 所","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of 見","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"見","lemma":"見る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 及ば","gloss":"look at"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 見","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 見","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"東京","lemma":"東京","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies 足元","gloss":"Tokyo"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 東京","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"足元","lemma":"足元","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 及ば","gloss":"feet"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 足元","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 足元","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"及ば","lemma":"及ぶ","morphology":"verb","role":"predicate of the 所 clause, contrasted by が","gloss":"reach"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 及ば","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 及ば","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"温泉","lemma":"温泉","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of もの","gloss":"hot spring"},{"surface":"だけ","lemma":"だけ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 温泉","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 温泉","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"立派","lemma":"立派","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"splendid"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 立派","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to もの","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":150,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s16","source":"せっかく来た者だから毎日はいってやろうという気で、晩飯前に運動かたがた出掛る。","translation":"Since I've gone to the trouble of coming, I figured I might as well bathe there every day, so before dinner I go out, combining it with a bit of exercise.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s16.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"運動かたがた","title":"«かたがた» — doing two things at once","body":"«かたがた» attached to a noun means 'while also / combining with' — «運動かたがた出掛る» = 'go out, combining it with exercise,' i.e. doing two things in one trip. It's a somewhat formal, literary connector for dual-purpose actions."}],"words":[{"surface":"せっかく","lemma":"せっかく","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 来","gloss":"having taken the trouble"},{"surface":"来","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 者","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 来","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"者","lemma":"者","morphology":"noun","role":"predicate of the reason clause (with だ, から)","gloss":"person"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 者","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 者","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"毎日","lemma":"毎日","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies はいる (w8-w10)","gloss":"every day"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"はいる","morphology":"verb","role":"first mora of the verb はいる (bathe), main clause verb","gloss":"bathe","note":"はいって is one verb (はいる, 'get into the bath'); the tagger split it into は + いっ + て."},{"surface":"いっ","lemma":"はいる","morphology":"verb","role":"continues はいる from w8","gloss":"(continued)"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"te-form marker of はいる","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"やろう","lemma":"やる","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 気","gloss":"might as well"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking やろう","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"いう","lemma":"いう","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase と","gloss":"think"},{"surface":"気","lemma":"気","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 出","gloss":"feeling"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 気","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"晩飯","lemma":"晩飯","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 前","gloss":"dinner"},{"surface":"前","lemma":"前","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 出","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 前","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"運動","lemma":"運動","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with かたがた","gloss":"exercise"},{"surface":"かたがた","lemma":"かたがた","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 出","gloss":"combined with"},{"surface":"出","lemma":"出る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 掛る","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"掛る","lemma":"掛ける","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"set off","note":"出掛る is one verb (でかける, 'go out'), split by the tagger into 出 + 掛る."}]},{"number":151,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s17","source":"ところが行くときは必ず西洋手拭の大きな奴をぶら下げて行く。","translation":"Whenever I go, I always bring along a big Western-style towel, dangling from my hand.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s17.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ところ","lemma":"ところが","morphology":"conjunction","role":"conjunction opening the sentence (with が)","gloss":"however","note":"ところが here is the fixed connective 'however', not literal ところ (place) + が."},{"surface":"が","lemma":"ところが","morphology":"conjunction","role":"second part of ところが","gloss":"(continued)"},{"surface":"行く","lemma":"行く","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying とき","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"とき","lemma":"とき","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ぶら下げ","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking とき","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"必ず","lemma":"必ず","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ぶら下げ","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"西洋","lemma":"西洋","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 手拭","gloss":"Western"},{"surface":"手拭","lemma":"手拭","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 奴","gloss":"towel"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 手拭","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"大きな","lemma":"大きな","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies 奴","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"奴","lemma":"奴","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of ぶら下げ","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 奴","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"ぶら下げ","lemma":"ぶら下げる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 行く","gloss":"dangling"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ぶら下げ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"行く","lemma":"行く","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"go along"}]},{"number":152,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s18","source":"この手拭が湯に染った上へ、赤い縞が流れ出したのでちょっと見ると紅色に見える。","translation":"The towel got dyed by the water, and its red stripes bled out, so at a glance it looks crimson all over.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s18.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 手拭","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"手拭","lemma":"手拭","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 染っ","gloss":"towel"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 手拭","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"湯","lemma":"湯","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 染っ","gloss":"hot water"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 湯","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"染っ","lemma":"染まる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 見える","gloss":"got dyed"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 染っ","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"上","lemma":"上","morphology":"noun","role":"noun meaning 'on top of', modified by 染った","gloss":"on top of"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 上","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"赤い","lemma":"赤い","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 縞","gloss":"red"},{"surface":"縞","lemma":"縞","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 流れ","gloss":"stripes"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 縞","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"流れ","lemma":"流れる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 見える","gloss":"flowed"},{"surface":"出し","lemma":"出す","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 見える","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出し","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"nominalizer of 出した, forms ので with で","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase の","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"ちょっと","lemma":"ちょっと","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 見る","gloss":"briefly"},{"surface":"見る","lemma":"見る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 見える","gloss":"look"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"conditional marker on 見る","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"紅色","lemma":"紅色","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 見える","gloss":"crimson"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 紅色","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"見える","lemma":"見える","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"looks"}]},{"number":153,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s19","source":"おれはこの手拭を行きも帰りも、汽車に乗ってもあるいても、常にぶら下げている。","translation":"I carry this towel with me always — going and coming, whether on the train or on foot.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s19.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ぶら下げ","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 手拭","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"手拭","lemma":"手拭","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of ぶら下げ","gloss":"towel"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 手拭","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"行き","lemma":"行き","morphology":"noun","role":"parallel item with 帰り, both modify ぶら下げ","gloss":"going"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 行き","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"帰り","lemma":"帰り","morphology":"noun","role":"parallel item with 行き, modifies ぶら下げ","gloss":"coming back"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 帰り","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"汽車","lemma":"汽車","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 乗っ","gloss":"train"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 汽車","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"乗っ","lemma":"乗る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on あるい","gloss":"ride"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 乗っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 乗っ","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"あるい","lemma":"あるく","morphology":"verb","role":"parallel with 乗っ (whether riding or walking)","gloss":"walk"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of あるい","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking あるい","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"常","lemma":"常","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of ぶら下げ","gloss":"constant"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 常","gloss":"(continued)"},{"surface":"ぶら下げ","lemma":"ぶら下げる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"carry, dangling"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ぶら下げ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"いる","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"am"}]},{"number":154,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s20","source":"それで生徒がおれの事を赤手拭赤手拭と云うんだそうだ。","translation":"So it seems the students have taken to calling me \"Red Towel, Red Towel.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s20.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"それ","lemma":"それ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"forms それで (so) with で, sentence-initial conjunction","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"combines with それ to mean 'so'","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"生徒","lemma":"生徒","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 云う","gloss":"students"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 生徒","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 事","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 云う","gloss":"matter"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 事","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"赤","lemma":"赤","morphology":"noun","role":"part of the quoted nickname 赤手拭赤手拭","gloss":"red"},{"surface":"手拭","lemma":"手拭","morphology":"noun","role":"part of the quoted nickname 赤手拭赤手拭","gloss":"towel"},{"surface":"赤","lemma":"赤","morphology":"noun","role":"part of the quoted nickname 赤手拭赤手拭","gloss":"red"},{"surface":"手拭","lemma":"手拭","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 云う","gloss":"towel"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 手拭","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"云う","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"call"},{"surface":"ん","lemma":"ん","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 云う","gloss":"you see"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase ん","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"そう","lemma":"そう","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云う","gloss":"it seems"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 云う","gloss":"(continued)"}]},{"number":155,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s21","source":"どうも狭い土地に住んでるとうるさいものだ。","translation":"Living in such a small, cramped place, people really do fuss over the smallest things.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s21.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"どう","lemma":"どう","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 狭い","gloss":"somehow"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking どう","gloss":"(continued)"},{"surface":"狭い","lemma":"狭い","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 土地","gloss":"cramped"},{"surface":"土地","lemma":"土地","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 住ん","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 土地","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"住ん","lemma":"住む","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on うるさい","gloss":"living"},{"surface":"でる","lemma":"いる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 住ん","gloss":"am"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 住ん","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"うるさい","lemma":"うるさい","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"fussy"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to もの","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":156,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s22","source":"まだある。","translation":"There's more still.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s22.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"まだ","lemma":"まだ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ある","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"there is"}]},{"number":157,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s23","source":"温泉は三階の新築で上等は浴衣をかして、流しをつけて八銭で済む。","translation":"The bathhouse is a newly built three-story building, and for eight sen the first-class option lends you a robe and includes someone to scrub your back.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s23.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"温泉","lemma":"温泉","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 済む","gloss":"bathhouse"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 温泉","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"三","lemma":"三","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 階","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"階","lemma":"階","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 新築","gloss":"story"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 階","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"新築","lemma":"新築","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of かし","gloss":"new building"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 新築","gloss":"being"},{"surface":"上等","lemma":"上等","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of かし","gloss":"first-class"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 上等","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"浴衣","lemma":"浴衣","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of かし","gloss":"robe"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 浴衣","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"かし","lemma":"かす","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on つけ","gloss":"lends"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of かし","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"流し","lemma":"流し","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of つけ","gloss":"scrub service"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 流し","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"つけ","lemma":"つける","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 済む","gloss":"includes"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of つけ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"八","lemma":"八","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies 銭","gloss":"eight"},{"surface":"銭","lemma":"銭","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 済む","gloss":"sen"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 銭","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"済む","lemma":"済む","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"suffices"}]},{"number":158,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s24","source":"その上に女が天目へ茶を載せて出す。","translation":"On top of that, a woman brings out tea in a fine tenmoku bowl.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s24.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"その","lemma":"その","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 上","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"上","lemma":"上","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 出す","gloss":"top"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 上","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"女","lemma":"女","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 出す","gloss":"woman"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 女","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"天目","lemma":"天目","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 載せ","gloss":"tenmoku bowl"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 天目","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"茶","lemma":"茶","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 載せ","gloss":"tea"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 茶","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"載せ","lemma":"載せる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 出す","gloss":"places"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 載せ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"出す","lemma":"出す","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"brings out"}]},{"number":159,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s25","source":"おれはいつでも上等へはいった。","translation":"I always went for the first-class option.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s25.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of はいっ","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"いつ","lemma":"いつ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of はいっ","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking いつ","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking いつ","gloss":"(continued)"},{"surface":"上等","lemma":"上等","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of はいっ","gloss":"first-class"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 上等","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"はいっ","lemma":"はいる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went in"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of はいっ","gloss":"did"}]},{"number":160,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s26","source":"すると四十円の月給で毎日上等へはいるのは贅沢だと云い出した。","translation":"Then people started saying it was extravagant of me to use the first-class bath every day on a forty-yen salary.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s26.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"する","lemma":"すると","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence-initial conjunction meaning 'and then'","gloss":"then","note":"すると here is the fixed connective 'and then', not a conjugated form of する."},{"surface":"と","lemma":"すると","morphology":"conjunction","role":"second part of すると","gloss":"(continued)"},{"surface":"四十","lemma":"四十","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 円","gloss":"forty"},{"surface":"円","lemma":"円","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 月給","gloss":"yen"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 円","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"月給","lemma":"月給","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of はいる","gloss":"salary"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 月給","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"毎日","lemma":"毎日","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies はいる","gloss":"every day"},{"surface":"上","lemma":"上","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 等","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"等","lemma":"等","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of はいる","gloss":"class"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 等","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"はいる","lemma":"はいる","morphology":"verb","role":"verb of the clause nominalized by の, subject of 贅沢","gloss":"using"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of はいる","gloss":"the fact of"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking はいる","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"贅沢","lemma":"贅沢","morphology":"adjective","role":"clausal complement of 云い","gloss":"extravagant"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 贅沢","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 贅沢","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"云い","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"verb stem forming 云い出す (say-start) with 出し","gloss":"say"},{"surface":"出し","lemma":"出す","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence (completive aux following 云い)","gloss":"started"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 出し","gloss":"did"}]},{"number":161,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s27","source":"余計なお世話だ。","translation":"None of their business.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s27.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"余計","lemma":"余計","morphology":"na-adjective stem","role":"modifies 世話","gloss":"needless"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb (attributive)","role":"attributive form linking 余計 to 世話","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"お","lemma":"お","morphology":"honorific prefix","role":"honorific prefix on 世話","gloss":"honorific"},{"surface":"世話","lemma":"世話","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"business"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 世話","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":162,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s28","source":"まだある。","translation":"There's more yet.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s28.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"まだ","lemma":"まだ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ある","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"there is"}]},{"number":163,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s29","source":"湯壺は花崗石を畳み上げて、十五畳敷ぐらいの広さに仕切ってある。","translation":"The bathing pool is built up of stacked granite blocks, partitioned off to about the size of fifteen tatami mats.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s29.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"湯壺","lemma":"湯壺","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 仕切っ","gloss":"bathing pool"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"topic marker on 湯壺","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"花崗","lemma":"花崗","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 石","gloss":"granite"},{"surface":"石","lemma":"石","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 畳み","gloss":"stone"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 石","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"畳み","lemma":"畳む","morphology":"verb (stem)","role":"forms compound with 上げ, adverbial clause on 仕切っ","gloss":"stacks"},{"surface":"上げ","lemma":"上げる","morphology":"verb","role":"completes the compound 畳み上げ","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"connects 上げ to 仕切っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"十五","lemma":"十五","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 畳","gloss":"fifteen"},{"surface":"畳","lemma":"畳","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 敷","gloss":"mat"},{"surface":"敷","lemma":"敷き","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 広","gloss":"spread"},{"surface":"ぐらい","lemma":"ぐらい","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 敷","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 敷","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"広","lemma":"広い","morphology":"adjective stem","role":"stem of 広さ, oblique complement of 仕切っ","gloss":"wide"},{"surface":"さ","lemma":"さ","morphology":"nominalizing suffix","role":"nominalizes 広い into 広さ","gloss":"-ness"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 広さ","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"仕切っ","lemma":"仕切る","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"partitions"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the resultative with ある","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"forms resultative state with 仕切っ","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":164,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s30","source":"大抵は十三四人漬ってるがたまには誰も居ない事がある。","translation":"Usually there are thirteen or fourteen people soaking in it, but every so often there's nobody there at all.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s30.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"大抵","lemma":"大抵","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 漬っ","gloss":"usually"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 大抵","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"十","lemma":"十","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 漬","gloss":"ten"},{"surface":"三","lemma":"三","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 漬","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"四","lemma":"四","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 漬","gloss":"four"},{"surface":"人","lemma":"人","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 漬","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"漬","lemma":"漬かる","morphology":"verb (stem)","role":"main verb of the clause","gloss":"soaking"},{"surface":"って","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction (contracted te-form)","role":"te-form connecting 漬 to る","gloss":"-ing"},{"surface":"る","lemma":"いる","morphology":"auxiliary verb (contracted いる)","role":"progressive auxiliary of 漬","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"contrasts with the following clause","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"たまに","lemma":"たまに","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 居","gloss":"occasionally"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking たまに","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"誰","lemma":"誰","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 居","gloss":"anyone"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 誰","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"居","lemma":"居る","morphology":"verb","role":"verb of the clause modifying 事","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 居","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the clause 誰も居ない事, subject of ある","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 事","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"there are"}]},{"number":165,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s31","source":"深さは立って乳の辺まであるから、運動のために、湯の中を泳ぐのはなかなか愉快だ。","translation":"It's deep enough that, standing, the water comes up to about chest height, so swimming in the bath, for exercise, is a genuinely pleasant thing.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s31.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"深","lemma":"深い","morphology":"adjective stem","role":"stem of 深さ, subject of ある","gloss":"deep"},{"surface":"さ","lemma":"さ","morphology":"nominalizing suffix","role":"nominalizes 深い into 深さ","gloss":"-ness"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 深さ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"立っ","lemma":"立つ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on ある","gloss":"standing"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 立っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"乳","lemma":"乳","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 辺","gloss":"chest"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 乳","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"辺","lemma":"辺","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of ある","gloss":"area"},{"surface":"まで","lemma":"まで","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 辺","gloss":"up to"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the から-clause","gloss":"reaches"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ある","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"運動","lemma":"運動","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies ため","gloss":"exercise"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 運動","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"ため","lemma":"ため","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 泳ぐ","gloss":"sake"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ため","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"湯","lemma":"湯","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 中","gloss":"bath"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 湯","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"中","lemma":"中","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 泳ぐ","gloss":"inside"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 中","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"泳ぐ","lemma":"泳ぐ","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying の, adverbial clause on 愉快","gloss":"swimming"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction (nominalizer)","role":"introduces the clause of 泳ぐ","gloss":"-ing"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 泳ぐ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"なかなか","lemma":"なかなか","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 愉快","gloss":"genuinely"},{"surface":"愉快","lemma":"愉快","morphology":"na-adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"pleasant"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 愉快","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":166,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s32","source":"おれは人の居ないのを見済しては十五畳の湯壺を泳ぎ巡って喜んでいた。","translation":"Whenever I saw the pool was empty, I'd delight in swimming laps around the whole fifteen-mat expanse of it.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s32.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 喜ん","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"人","lemma":"人","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 居","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"subject marker within the relative clause","gloss":"subject"},{"surface":"居","lemma":"居る","morphology":"verb","role":"verb of the clause, forms object of 見済し with の","gloss":"present"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 居","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction (nominalizer)","role":"introduces the clause of 居","gloss":"fact"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 居の","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"見","lemma":"見る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 泳ぎ","gloss":"checks"},{"surface":"済し","lemma":"済ます","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 泳ぎ","gloss":"confirms"},{"surface":"ては","lemma":"ては","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 済し","gloss":"whenever"},{"surface":"十五","lemma":"十五","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 畳","gloss":"fifteen"},{"surface":"畳","lemma":"畳","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 湯壺","gloss":"mat"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 畳","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"湯壺","lemma":"湯壺","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 泳ぎ","gloss":"pool"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 湯壺","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"泳ぎ","lemma":"泳ぐ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 喜ん","gloss":"swim"},{"surface":"巡っ","lemma":"巡る","morphology":"verb","role":"completes the compound 泳ぎ巡る, adverbial clause on 喜ん","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 巡っ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"喜ん","lemma":"喜ぶ","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"delighted"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 喜ん","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"い","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"progressive auxiliary of 喜ん","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 喜ん","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":167,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s33","source":"ところがある日三階から威勢よく下りて今日も泳げるかなとざくろ口を覗いてみると、大きな札へ黒々と湯の中で泳ぐべからずとかいて貼りつけてある。","translation":"But one day, coming down briskly from the third floor and peeking through the low entrance, wondering whether I could swim again today, I found a big sign pasted up, written boldly in black: \"One shall not swim in the bath.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s33.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ところ","lemma":"ところ","morphology":"noun","role":"part of the conjunction ところが","gloss":"however"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the conjunction ところが","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"或る","morphology":"determiner","role":"modifies 日","gloss":"a certain","note":"Here ある means \"a certain,\" not the verb \"to exist.\""},{"surface":"日","lemma":"日","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 下り (temporal)","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"三","lemma":"三","morphology":"numeral","role":"compound with 階","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"階","lemma":"階","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 下り","gloss":"floor"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 階","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"威勢","lemma":"威勢","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with よく","gloss":"vigor"},{"surface":"よく","lemma":"よい","morphology":"adjective (adverbial form)","role":"adverbial clause on 下り","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"下り","lemma":"下りる","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 覗い","gloss":"coming down"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 下り","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"今日","lemma":"今日","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 泳げる","gloss":"today"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 今日","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"泳げる","lemma":"泳ぐ","morphology":"verb (potential form)","role":"adverbial clause on 覗い","gloss":"can swim"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 泳げる","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"な","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 泳げる","gloss":"I wonder"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 泳げる","gloss":"thinking"},{"surface":"ざくろ","lemma":"ざくろ","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 口","gloss":"pomegranate","note":"\"ざくろ口\" (pomegranate-mouth) was the low sliding entrance of an old-style Japanese bathhouse."},{"surface":"口","lemma":"口","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 覗い","gloss":"entrance"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 口","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"覗い","lemma":"覗く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on みる","gloss":"peek"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 覗い","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"みる","lemma":"みる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"try"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 覗い","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"大きな","lemma":"大きな","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies 札","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"札","lemma":"札","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 貼り","gloss":"sign"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 札","gloss":"onto"},{"surface":"黒々","lemma":"黒々","morphology":"adverb (mimetic)","role":"adverbial modifier of かい","gloss":"in black"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"adverbializer on 黒々","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"湯","lemma":"湯","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 中","gloss":"bath"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 湯","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"中","lemma":"中","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 泳ぐ","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 中","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"泳ぐ","lemma":"泳ぐ","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on かい","gloss":"swim"},{"surface":"べから","lemma":"べし","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 泳ぐ","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"ず","lemma":"ず","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 泳ぐ","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 泳ぐ","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"かい","lemma":"書く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 貼り","gloss":"writes"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of かい","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"貼り","lemma":"貼る","morphology":"verb","role":"forms compound with つけ","gloss":"sticks"},{"surface":"つけ","lemma":"つける","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the resultative with ある","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"forms resultative state with つけ","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":168,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s34","source":"湯の中で泳ぐものは、あまりあるまいから、この貼札はおれのために特別に新調したのかも知れない。","translation":"There can't be many people out there who swim in a hot-spring bath, so this notice may well have been freshly made up specially for my benefit.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s34.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"湯","lemma":"湯","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 中","gloss":"bath"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 湯","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"中","lemma":"中","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 泳ぐ","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 中","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"泳ぐ","lemma":"泳ぐ","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying もの","gloss":"swim"},{"surface":"もの","lemma":"もの","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ある","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking もの","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"あまり","lemma":"あまり","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ある","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 新調","gloss":"there are"},{"surface":"まい","lemma":"まい","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of ある","gloss":"probably not"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ある","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"この","lemma":"この","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of 貼札","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"貼札","lemma":"貼札","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 新調","gloss":"notice"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 貼札","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies ため","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"'s"},{"surface":"ため","lemma":"ため","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 新調","gloss":"benefit"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking ため","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"特別","lemma":"特別","morphology":"na-adjective","role":"adverbial clause on 新調","gloss":"special"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb (adverbial form)","role":"adverbializer of 特別","gloss":"-ly"},{"surface":"新調","lemma":"新調","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 新調","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 新調","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction (nominalizer)","role":"introduces the clause of 新調","gloss":"fact"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 新調","gloss":"maybe"},{"surface":"も","lemma":"も","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase か","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"知れ","lemma":"知れる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase か","gloss":"known"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase か","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":169,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s35","source":"おれはそれから泳ぐのは断念した。","translation":"After that I gave up swimming there.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s35.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of 断念","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking おれ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"それ","lemma":"それ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"temporal complement of 断念","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"から","lemma":"から","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking それ","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"泳ぐ","lemma":"泳ぐ","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying の","gloss":"swim"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction (nominalizer)","role":"introduces the clause of 泳ぐ","gloss":"-ing"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 泳ぐ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"断念","lemma":"断念","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"gave up"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 断念","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 断念","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":170,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s36","source":"泳ぐのは断念したが、学校へ出てみると、例の通り黒板に湯の中で泳ぐべからずと書いてあるには驚ろいた。","translation":"I'd given up swimming, but I was startled to find, going to school, that as usual, \"One shall not swim in the bath\" was written up on the blackboard.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s36.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"泳ぐ","lemma":"泳ぐ","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying の","gloss":"swim"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction (nominalizer)","role":"introduces the clause of 泳ぐ","gloss":"-ing"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 泳ぐ","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"断念","lemma":"断念","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 驚ろい","gloss":"gave up"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 断念","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 断念","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 断念","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"学校","lemma":"学校","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 出","gloss":"school"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 学校","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"出","lemma":"出る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on みる","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 出","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"みる","lemma":"みる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"try"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 出","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"例","lemma":"例","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 通り","gloss":"usual"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 例","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"通り","lemma":"通り","morphology":"noun","role":"adverbial modifier of 書い","gloss":"as usual"},{"surface":"黒板","lemma":"黒板","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 書い","gloss":"blackboard"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 黒板","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"湯","lemma":"湯","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 中","gloss":"bath"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 湯","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"中","lemma":"中","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 泳ぐ","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 中","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"泳ぐ","lemma":"泳ぐ","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 書い","gloss":"swim"},{"surface":"べから","lemma":"べし","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 泳ぐ","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"ず","lemma":"ず","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 泳ぐ","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 泳ぐ","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"書い","lemma":"書く","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 驚ろい","gloss":"written"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 書い","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"forms resultative state with 書い","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 書い","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 書い","gloss":"topic"},{"surface":"驚ろい","lemma":"驚く","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was surprised","note":"Historical okurigana spelling 驚ろく; modern standard is 驚く."},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 驚ろい","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":171,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s37","source":"何だか生徒全体がおれ一人を探偵しているように思われた。","translation":"It began to feel as if the entire student body had turned into detectives, all of them shadowing me alone.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s37.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"何","lemma":"何だか","morphology":"pronoun","role":"adverbial clause on 思わ","gloss":"somehow","note":"何だか is a set phrase meaning 'somehow, for some reason'"},{"surface":"だ","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase 何","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase 何","gloss":"wonder"},{"surface":"生徒","lemma":"生徒","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 全体","gloss":"student"},{"surface":"全体","lemma":"全体","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 探偵","gloss":"entire body"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 全体","gloss":"(particle)"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"compound with 一人","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"一人","lemma":"一人","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of 探偵","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 一人","gloss":"(particle)"},{"surface":"探偵","lemma":"探偵","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 思わ","gloss":"spied on"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 探偵","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"て","lemma":"て","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 探偵","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"いる","lemma":"いる","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase て","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"よう","lemma":"よう","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 探偵","gloss":"seeming"},{"surface":"に","lemma":"に","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking よう","gloss":"as if"},{"surface":"思わ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"felt"},{"surface":"れ","lemma":"れる","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 思わ","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 思わ","gloss":"(particle)"}]},{"number":172,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s38","source":"くさくさした。","translation":"It thoroughly soured my mood.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s38.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"くさくさ","lemma":"くさくさ","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"soured"},{"surface":"し","lemma":"する","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of くさくさ","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of くさくさ","gloss":"(particle)"}]},{"number":173,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s39","source":"生徒が何を云ったって、やろうと思った事をやめるようなおれではないが、何でこんな狭苦しい鼻の先がつかえるような所へ来たのかと思うと情なくなった。","translation":"Whatever the students said, I'm not the sort of man to stop doing what I've set my mind to, but when I thought about why on earth I'd come to a cramped little place where you couldn't even turn your nose without bumping into something, it left me thoroughly wretched.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s39.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"生徒","lemma":"生徒","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of 云っ","gloss":"students"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 生徒","gloss":"(particle)"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of 云っ","gloss":"whatever"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"(particle)"},{"surface":"云っ","lemma":"云う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on やめる","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"たって","lemma":"たって","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 云っ","gloss":"even if"},{"surface":"やろう","lemma":"やる","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 思っ","gloss":"will do"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking やろう","gloss":"(particle)"},{"surface":"思っ","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 事","gloss":"decided"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 思っ","gloss":"(particle)"},{"surface":"事","lemma":"事","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of やめる","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"を","lemma":"を","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 事","gloss":"(particle)"},{"surface":"やめる","lemma":"やめる","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying おれ","gloss":"stop"},{"surface":"よう","lemma":"よう","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of やめる","gloss":"sort of"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of やめる","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"おれ","lemma":"おれ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to おれ","gloss":"am"},{"surface":"は","lemma":"は","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"(particle)"},{"surface":"ない","lemma":"ない","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of おれ","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"何","lemma":"何","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of 来","gloss":"what","note":"何で here forms the idiom 'why'"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 何","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"こんな","lemma":"こんな","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies 所","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"狭苦しい","lemma":"狭苦しい","morphology":"adjective","role":"clause modifying 鼻","gloss":"cramped"},{"surface":"鼻","lemma":"鼻","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies 先","gloss":"nose"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 鼻","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"先","lemma":"先","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of つかえる","gloss":"tip"},{"surface":"が","lemma":"が","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 先","gloss":"(particle)"},{"surface":"つかえる","lemma":"つかえる","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 所","gloss":"gets stuck"},{"surface":"よう","lemma":"よう","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of つかえる","gloss":"such that"},{"surface":"な","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of つかえる","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"所","lemma":"所","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 来","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 所","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"来","lemma":"来る","morphology":"verb","role":"clausal complement of 思う","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 来","gloss":"(particle)"},{"surface":"の","lemma":"の","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 来","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"か","lemma":"か","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of 来","gloss":"(particle)"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking 来","gloss":"(particle)"},{"surface":"思う","lemma":"思う","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on なっ","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 思う","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"情なく","lemma":"情ない","morphology":"adjective","role":"adverbial clause on なっ","gloss":"wretched"},{"surface":"なっ","lemma":"なる","morphology":"verb","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"た","lemma":"た","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of なっ","gloss":"(particle)"}]},{"number":174,"label":"","id":"ch03-p15-s40","source":"それでうちへ帰ると相変らず骨董責である。","translation":"And then, going home, there was the antiques barrage waiting for me, same as ever.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/botchan/ch03-p15-s40.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"それ","lemma":"それ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"adverbial clause on 帰る","gloss":"and then","note":"それで = 'and then, so'"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"で","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase それ","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"うち","lemma":"うち","morphology":"noun","role":"oblique complement of 帰る","gloss":"home"},{"surface":"へ","lemma":"へ","morphology":"particle","role":"particle marking うち","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"帰る","lemma":"帰る","morphology":"verb","role":"adverbial clause on 変ら","gloss":"return"},{"surface":"と","lemma":"と","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of 帰る","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"相","lemma":"相","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 変ら","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"変ら","lemma":"変る","morphology":"verb","role":"clause modifying 責","gloss":"changing"},{"surface":"ず","lemma":"ず","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"auxiliary of 変ら","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"骨董","lemma":"骨董","morphology":"noun","role":"compound with 責","gloss":"antiques"},{"surface":"責","lemma":"責","morphology":"noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"barrage"},{"surface":"で","lemma":"だ","morphology":"auxiliary verb","role":"copula linking to 責","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ある","lemma":"ある","morphology":"verb","role":"part of the phrase で","gloss":"is"}]}]}