{"work":{"slug":"faremido","title":{"source":"Utazás Faremidóba / Capillária","translated":"Gulliver's Fifth & Sixth Voyages"},"author":"Frigyes Karinthy","language":"Hungarian","languageCode":"hu","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/faremido"},"unit":{"kind":"chapter","number":null,"id":"cap-chapter-4","title":{"source":"Negyedik fejezet","translated":"Chapter Four"},"section":"Capillária","summary":null,"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/faremido/cap-chapter-4","lines":44},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/books/faremido/cap-chapter-3","next":"https://1732studios.com/books/faremido/cap-chapter-5","license":"Source texts: public domain (Frigyes Karinthy, d. 1938; Hungarian originals Utazás Faremidóba 1916 and Capillária 1921, MEK #00721 and #00715). English translations: © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC — original translations from the public-domain Hungarian, pending editorial review.","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/","lines":[{"number":1,"label":"1","id":"cap-chapter-4-s1","source":"A bennszülöttek közömbössége.","translation":"The indifference of the natives.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"A","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of bennszülöttek","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"bennszülöttek","lemma":"bennszülött","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"depends on közömbössége","gloss":"natives"},{"surface":"közömbössége","lemma":"közömbösség","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"their indifference"}]},{"number":2,"label":"2","id":"cap-chapter-4-s2","source":"- Az ország nyelve.","translation":"The language of the country.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of ország","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ország","lemma":"ország","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on nyelve","gloss":"country"},{"surface":"nyelve","lemma":"nyelv","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"its language"}]},{"number":3,"label":"3","id":"cap-chapter-4-s3","source":"- Oihák.","translation":"The oihas.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Oihák","lemma":"Oiha","morphology":"proper noun, nominative, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Oiha"}]},{"number":4,"label":"4","id":"cap-chapter-4-s4","source":"- Néhány szó a szerző határtalan hazaszeretetéről, valamint a természet ostobaságáról.","translation":"A few words on the Author's boundless love of his country, and on the folly of nature.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Néhány","lemma":"néhány","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on szó","gloss":"a few"},{"surface":"szó","lemma":"szó","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of hazaszeretetéről","gloss":"word"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of szerző","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"szerző","lemma":"szerző","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on hazaszeretetéről","gloss":"the Author","note":"Surfaces mix capitalized 'Szerző' (used as the chapter-argument character label, rendered 'The Author') and lowercase 'szerző' (generic noun, rendered lowercase 'the author' — see cap-front-matter-s75: 'A szerző mentegetőzik' -> 'The author excuses himself,' not 'The Author'). The original note wrongly forced 'the Author' for both."},{"surface":"határtalan","lemma":"határtalan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on hazaszeretetéről","gloss":"boundless"},{"surface":"hazaszeretetéről","lemma":"hazaszeretet","morphology":"noun, delative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"about his love of country"},{"surface":"valamint","lemma":"valamint","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"as well as"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of természet","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"természet","lemma":"természet","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on ostobaságáról","gloss":"nature"},{"surface":"ostobaságáról","lemma":"ostobaság","morphology":"noun, delative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"coordinated with hazaszeretetéről","gloss":"about its folly"}]},{"number":5,"label":"5","id":"cap-chapter-4-s5","source":"- Az oihák bibliája.","translation":"The bible of the oihas.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of oihák","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"oihák","lemma":"oiha","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"depends on bibliája","gloss":"oihas"},{"surface":"bibliája","lemma":"biblia","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"bible"}]},{"number":6,"label":"6","id":"cap-chapter-4-s6","source":"- A bullokok.","translation":"The bulloks.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"A","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of bullokok","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"bullokok","lemma":"bullok","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"bulloks"}]},{"number":7,"label":"7","id":"cap-chapter-4-s7","source":"Csak néhány hónappal utóbb, Capilláriában való tartózkodás első negyedének vége felé fogtam fel mindannak jelentőségét, ami ezen az első lakomán annyira megdöbbentett és zavarba hozott.","translation":"It was only some months later, toward the close of the first quarter of my sojourn in Capillária, that I came to grasp the full significance of all that had, at that first banquet, so utterly confounded and dismayed me.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Csak","lemma":"csak","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on fogtam","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"néhány","lemma":"néhány","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of hónappal","gloss":"few"},{"surface":"hónappal","lemma":"hónap","morphology":"noun, instrumental, singular","role":"oblique complement of fogtam","gloss":"months (later)"},{"surface":"utóbb","lemma":"utóbb","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on fogtam","gloss":"afterward"},{"surface":"Capilláriában","lemma":"Capillária","morphology":"proper noun, inessive, singular","role":"oblique complement of való","gloss":"in Capillária"},{"surface":"való","lemma":"való","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on tartózkodás","gloss":"in","note":"Participial adjective from 'van'; its English rendering shifts widely with context (a nővel való dolgom = my affair with the woman)."},{"surface":"tartózkodás","lemma":"tartózkodás","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on negyedének","gloss":"stay"},{"surface":"első","lemma":"első","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on negyedének","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"negyedének","lemma":"negyed","morphology":"noun, genitive, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"depends on vége","gloss":"of its quarter"},{"surface":"vége","lemma":"vég","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of fogtam","gloss":"its end"},{"surface":"felé","lemma":"felé","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vége","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"fogtam","lemma":"fog","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, definite, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I grasped (it)"},{"surface":"fel","lemma":"fel","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on fogtam","gloss":"(perfective particle)","note":"Separable verbal prefix; meaning depends on the verb it attaches to."},{"surface":"mindannak","lemma":"mindaz","morphology":"pronoun, genitive, singular","role":"depends on jelentőségét","gloss":"of all that"},{"surface":"jelentőségét","lemma":"jelentőség","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"direct object of fogtam","gloss":"its significance"},{"surface":"ami","lemma":"ami","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of megdöbbentett","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"ezen","lemma":"ez","morphology":"pronoun, superessive, singular","role":"oblique complement of megdöbbentett","gloss":"on this"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of lakomán","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"első","lemma":"első","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on lakomán","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"lakomán","lemma":"lakoma","morphology":"noun, superessive, singular","role":"oblique complement of megdöbbentett","gloss":"at the banquet"},{"surface":"annyira","lemma":"annyira","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on megdöbbentett","gloss":"so much"},{"surface":"megdöbbentett","lemma":"megdöbbentett","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"adverbial clause on fogtam","gloss":"confounded (me)"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"zavarba","lemma":"zavar","morphology":"noun, illative, singular","role":"coordinated with megdöbbentett","gloss":"into confusion"},{"surface":"hozott","lemma":"hoz","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with megdöbbentett","gloss":"brought"}]},{"number":8,"label":"8","id":"cap-chapter-4-s8","source":"Nem akarom az olvasót untatni ennek a néhány hónapnak részletes történetével: hogyan szoktam meg, negyven esztendőm ellenére, a kopoltyúval való lélegzést; hogy ismertem meg ennek az országnak természeti törvényeit; hogy jöttem rá, sok félreértés és meglepetés után, annak a csodálatos hatásnak nyitjára, amit a bennszülöttek tettek rám, hogyan értettem meg sajátos szokásaikat, hogyan helyezkedtem el közöttük társadalmilag, és hogyan tanultam meg végre nyelvüket annyira, hogy utóbb a közvetlen érintkezés és fogalomkicserélés módszerével erősíthettem és toldhattam meg mindazt, amit addig csak sejteni engedett a megfigyelés.","translation":"I have no wish to weary the reader with a detailed history of these few months: how I accustomed myself, notwithstanding my forty years, to breathing by means of gills; how I came to know the natural laws of this country; how I discovered, after much misapprehension and surprise, the key to that marvelous effect the natives had produced upon me; how I came to understand their peculiar customs; how I found my place among them in society; and how at last I learned their tongue well enough that afterward, by the method of direct intercourse and exchange of ideas, I might confirm and enlarge upon all that observation alone had until then allowed me only to surmise.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nem","lemma":"nem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies akarom","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"akarom","lemma":"akar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I want"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of olvasót","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"olvasót","lemma":"olvasó","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of untatni","gloss":"the reader"},{"surface":"untatni","lemma":"untat","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of akarom","gloss":"to weary"},{"surface":"ennek","lemma":"ez","morphology":"pronoun, genitive, singular","role":"depends on történetével","gloss":"of this"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of történetével","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"néhány","lemma":"néhány","morphology":"determiner","role":"depends on hónapnak","gloss":"few"},{"surface":"hónapnak","lemma":"hónap","morphology":"noun, genitive, singular","role":"oblique complement of részletes","gloss":"months'"},{"surface":"részletes","lemma":"részletes","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on történetével","gloss":"detailed"},{"surface":"történetével","lemma":"történet","morphology":"noun, instrumental, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of untatni","gloss":"with the history of"},{"surface":"hogyan","lemma":"hogyan","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on szoktam","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"szoktam","lemma":"szokik","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, definite, first-person, singular","role":"depends on akarom","gloss":"accustomed myself"},{"surface":"meg","lemma":"meg","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on szoktam","gloss":"(completive particle)","note":"Verbal preverb marking completed/perfective action; often has no separate English word."},{"surface":"negyven","lemma":"negyven","morphology":"numeral, nominative, singular","role":"quantifies esztendőm","gloss":"forty"},{"surface":"esztendőm","lemma":"esztendő","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, first-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of való","gloss":"my years"},{"surface":"ellenére","lemma":"ellenére","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking esztendőm","gloss":"despite"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of kopoltyúval","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"kopoltyúval","lemma":"kopoltyú","morphology":"noun, instrumental, singular","role":"oblique complement of való","gloss":"with gills"},{"surface":"való","lemma":"való","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on lélegzést","gloss":"with","note":"Participial adjective from 'van'; its English rendering shifts widely with context (a nővel való dolgom = my affair with the woman)."},{"surface":"lélegzést","lemma":"lélegzés","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of szoktam","gloss":"breathing"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ismertem","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ismertem","lemma":"ismer","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, definite, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with szoktam","gloss":"came to know","note":"Ex.1 'ismertem meg' = megismerni (to get to know/learn). Ex.2 'Magam ismertem el, hogy...' = elismerni (to admit/acknowledge) — 'I myself had owned that...'. Two different separable verbs conflated under bare 'ismer'; the suggested gloss 'I recognized' fits neither well."},{"surface":"meg","lemma":"meg","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on ismertem","gloss":"(completive particle)","note":"Verbal preverb marking completed/perfective action; often has no separate English word."},{"surface":"ennek","lemma":"ez","morphology":"pronoun, genitive, singular","role":"depends on törvényeit","gloss":"of this"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of országnak","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"országnak","lemma":"ország","morphology":"noun, genitive, singular","role":"depends on törvényeit","gloss":"of the country"},{"surface":"természeti","lemma":"természeti","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on törvényeit","gloss":"natural"},{"surface":"törvényeit","lemma":"törvény","morphology":"noun, accusative, plural, third-person singular possessor","role":"direct object of ismertem","gloss":"its laws"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of jöttem","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jöttem","lemma":"jön","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, first-person, singular","role":"parallel clause to ismertem","gloss":"I came"},{"surface":"rá","lemma":"ő","morphology":"pronoun, sublative, singular","role":"oblique complement of jöttem","gloss":"realize","note":"Also occurs as the particle in the light verb 'rájön' (to realize/discover)."},{"surface":"sok","lemma":"sok","morphology":"numeral, nominative, singular","role":"quantifies félreértés","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"félreértés","lemma":"félreértés","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with jöttem","gloss":"misunderstanding"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"meglepetés","lemma":"meglepetés","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with félreértés","gloss":"surprise"},{"surface":"után","lemma":"után","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking félreértés","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"annak","lemma":"az","morphology":"pronoun, genitive, singular","role":"subject of tettek","gloss":"of that"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of hatásnak","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"csodálatos","lemma":"csodálatos","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on hatásnak","gloss":"marvelous"},{"surface":"hatásnak","lemma":"hatás","morphology":"noun, genitive, singular","role":"depends on nyitjára","gloss":"of the effect"},{"surface":"nyitjára","lemma":"nyitja","morphology":"noun, sublative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of tettek","gloss":"to the key of"},{"surface":"amit","lemma":"ami","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of tettek","gloss":"that","note":"Bound relative ('amit ... írtam' = 'which I wrote') but also a free relative meaning 'what' with no antecedent ('amit ... neveznek' = 'what is called', 'Amit akkor gondoltam' = 'What I thought then'); a stable 'which' teaches the wrong word for two of the four attested uses."},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of bennszülöttek","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"bennszülöttek","lemma":"bennszülött","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of tettek","gloss":"natives"},{"surface":"tettek","lemma":"tesz","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, plural","role":"adverbial clause on jöttem","gloss":"produced","note":"cap-chapter-5-s26 'nagy ügyességre tettek szert' and cap-chapter-5-s39 'feleségre... tettek szert' use the idiom 'tesz szert' = 'acquire', a distinct sense the original three glosses don't cover."},{"surface":"rám","lemma":"rá","morphology":"adverb","role":"oblique complement of tettek","gloss":"me","note":"Citation form of the sublative pronoun paradigm; gloss depends on the inflected person (rám, ránk, rájuk, ...)."},{"surface":"hogyan","lemma":"hogyan","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on értettem","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"értettem","lemma":"ért","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, definite, first-person, singular","role":"depends on tettek","gloss":"I understood"},{"surface":"meg","lemma":"meg","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on értettem","gloss":"(completive particle)","note":"Verbal preverb marking completed/perfective action; often has no separate English word."},{"surface":"sajátos","lemma":"sajátos","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on szokásaikat","gloss":"peculiar"},{"surface":"szokásaikat","lemma":"szokás","morphology":"noun, accusative, plural, third-person plural possessor","role":"direct object of értettem","gloss":"their customs"},{"surface":"hogyan","lemma":"hogyan","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on helyezkedtem","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"helyezkedtem","lemma":"helyezked","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, first-person, singular","role":"depends on értettem","gloss":"I found my place"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on helyezkedtem","gloss":"(perfective particle)","note":"Separable verbal prefix; meaning depends on the verb it attaches to."},{"surface":"közöttük","lemma":"közötte","morphology":"adverb","role":"oblique complement of helyezkedtem","gloss":"among them","note":"postposition inflected for person"},{"surface":"társadalmilag","lemma":"társadalmi","morphology":"adjective, essive, singular","role":"oblique complement of helyezkedtem","gloss":"socially"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hogyan","lemma":"hogyan","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on tanultam","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"tanultam","lemma":"tanul","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with értettem","gloss":"I learned"},{"surface":"meg","lemma":"meg","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on tanultam","gloss":"(completive particle)","note":"Verbal preverb marking completed/perfective action; often has no separate English word."},{"surface":"végre","lemma":"végre","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on nyelvüket","gloss":"at last"},{"surface":"nyelvüket","lemma":"nyelv","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular, third-person plural possessor","role":"direct object of tanultam","gloss":"their language"},{"surface":"annyira","lemma":"annyira","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on értettem","gloss":"so much"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of erősíthettem","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"utóbb","lemma":"utóbb","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on erősíthettem","gloss":"afterward"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of érintkezés","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"közvetlen","lemma":"közvetlen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on érintkezés","gloss":"direct"},{"surface":"érintkezés","lemma":"érintkezés","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on módszerével","gloss":"intercourse"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fogalomkicserélés","lemma":"fogalomkicserélés","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with érintkezés","gloss":"exchange of ideas"},{"surface":"módszerével","lemma":"módszer","morphology":"noun, instrumental, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of erősíthettem","gloss":"by the method of"},{"surface":"erősíthettem","lemma":"erősíthet","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, first-person, singular","role":"depends on értettem","gloss":"I could confirm"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"toldhattam","lemma":"toldhat","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, definite, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with erősíthettem","gloss":"I could add to"},{"surface":"meg","lemma":"meg","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on toldhattam","gloss":"(completive particle)","note":"Verbal preverb marking completed/perfective action; often has no separate English word."},{"surface":"mindazt","lemma":"mindaz","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of toldhattam","gloss":"all that"},{"surface":"amit","lemma":"ami","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of engedett","gloss":"that","note":"Bound relative ('amit ... írtam' = 'which I wrote') but also a free relative meaning 'what' with no antecedent ('amit ... neveznek' = 'what is called', 'Amit akkor gondoltam' = 'What I thought then'); a stable 'which' teaches the wrong word for two of the four attested uses."},{"surface":"addig","lemma":"addig","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on engedett","gloss":"until then"},{"surface":"csak","lemma":"csak","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on sejteni","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"sejteni","lemma":"sejt","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of engedett","gloss":"to surmise"},{"surface":"engedett","lemma":"enged","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on toldhattam","gloss":"allowed"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of megfigyelés","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"megfigyelés","lemma":"megfigyelés","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of engedett","gloss":"observation"}]},{"number":9,"label":"9","id":"cap-chapter-4-s9","source":"Haladásomat nagyban megnehezítette az az érthetetlen és szinte hihetetlen közöny, amivel a bennszülöttek országukban való megjelenésemet fogadták.","translation":"My progress was greatly hindered by that incomprehensible and well-nigh incredible indifference with which the natives received my appearance in their country.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s9.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Haladásomat","lemma":"haladás","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular, first-person singular possessor","role":"direct object of megnehezítette","gloss":"my progress"},{"surface":"nagyban","lemma":"nagyban","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on megnehezítette","gloss":"greatly"},{"surface":"megnehezítette","lemma":"megnehezít","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, definite, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"hindered"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"determiner of közöny","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of közöny","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"érthetetlen","lemma":"érthetetlen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on közöny","gloss":"incomprehensible"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"szinte","lemma":"szinte","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on hihetetlen","gloss":"almost"},{"surface":"hihetetlen","lemma":"hihetetlen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with érthetetlen","gloss":"incredible"},{"surface":"közöny","lemma":"közöny","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of megnehezítette","gloss":"indifference"},{"surface":"amivel","lemma":"ami","morphology":"pronoun, instrumental, singular","role":"oblique complement of fogadták","gloss":"with which"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of bennszülöttek","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"bennszülöttek","lemma":"bennszülött","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"depends on országukban","gloss":"natives"},{"surface":"országukban","lemma":"ország","morphology":"noun, inessive, singular, third-person plural possessor","role":"oblique complement of való","gloss":"in their country"},{"surface":"való","lemma":"való","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on megjelenésemet","gloss":"in","note":"Participial adjective from 'van'; its English rendering shifts widely with context (a nővel való dolgom = my affair with the woman)."},{"surface":"megjelenésemet","lemma":"megjelenés","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular, first-person singular possessor","role":"direct object of fogadták","gloss":"my appearance"},{"surface":"fogadták","lemma":"fogad","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, definite, third-person, plural","role":"clause modifying közöny","gloss":"received (it)"}]},{"number":10,"label":"10","id":"cap-chapter-4-s10","source":"Már az első percben valószínű volt, amit később be is bizonyítottam nekik és magamnak, hogy magamhoz hasonló szárazföldi ember soha még nem járt a tenger fenekének ebben a tartományában - legalább élő ember nem (ami a hajótörések áldozatait illeti, ezekről még később megemlékezem).","translation":"It was probable from the very first moment — and I later proved it both to them and to myself — that a land-dweller such as myself had never before set foot in this province of the Ocean floor, at least no living man (as for the victims of shipwreck, of these I shall have occasion to speak hereafter).","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s10.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Már","lemma":"már","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on valószínű","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of percben","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"első","lemma":"első","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on percben","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"percben","lemma":"perc","morphology":"noun, inessive, singular","role":"oblique complement of valószínű","gloss":"in the moment"},{"surface":"valószínű","lemma":"valószínű","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"likely"},{"surface":"volt","lemma":"van","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to valószínű","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"amit","lemma":"ami","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of bizonyítottam","gloss":"which","note":"Bound relative ('amit ... írtam' = 'which I wrote') but also a free relative meaning 'what' with no antecedent ('amit ... neveznek' = 'what is called', 'Amit akkor gondoltam' = 'What I thought then'); a stable 'which' teaches the wrong word for two of the four attested uses."},{"surface":"később","lemma":"későn","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on bizonyítottam","gloss":"later"},{"surface":"be","lemma":"be","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on bizonyítottam","gloss":"(particle: in)","note":"Separable verbal prefix; meaning depends on the verb it attaches to."},{"surface":"is","lemma":"is","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on bizonyítottam","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"bizonyítottam","lemma":"bizonyít","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, definite, first-person, singular","role":"depends on valószínű","gloss":"proved"},{"surface":"nekik","lemma":"neki","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on bizonyítottam","gloss":"to them","note":"Citation form of the dative personal-pronoun paradigm; the actual gloss depends on the inflected person (nekem, neked, nekik, ...)."},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"magamnak","lemma":"maga","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"coordinated with bizonyítottam","gloss":"to myself","note":"Type mixes true accusative surfaces (magát) with a dative surface (magamnak, chapter-4-s10: 'nekik és magamnak' = 'to them and to myself') that does not belong under this morphology tag. Also, in most examples magát functions as an emphatic 'itself' before a noun (e.g. 'magát a fajtát', 'magát a tárgyat'), not as a verb's reflexive object — only cap-chapter-3-s3 ('megértetni magát' = 'make himself understood') is a true reflexive object."},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of járt","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"magamhoz","lemma":"maga","morphology":"pronoun, allative, singular, reflexive","role":"oblique complement of járt","gloss":"to myself"},{"surface":"hasonló","lemma":"hasonló","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on ember","gloss":"similar"},{"surface":"szárazföldi","lemma":"szárazföldi","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on ember","gloss":"of the dry land"},{"surface":"ember","lemma":"ember","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of járt","gloss":"man","note":"Central to the book's conceit: ember (human/person) is contrasted with férfi (male man); translation sometimes renders it as 'man' generically."},{"surface":"soha","lemma":"soha","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on járt","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"még","lemma":"még","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on járt","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"nem","lemma":"nem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies járt","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"járt","lemma":"jár","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"depends on bizonyítottam","gloss":"trod"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of tenger","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tenger","lemma":"tenger","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on fenekének","gloss":"sea"},{"surface":"fenekének","lemma":"fenek","morphology":"noun, genitive, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"depends on tartományában","gloss":"of its bottom"},{"surface":"ebben","lemma":"ez","morphology":"pronoun, inessive, singular","role":"determiner of tartományában","gloss":"in this"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of tartományában","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tartományában","lemma":"tartomány","morphology":"noun, inessive, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of járt","gloss":"in its province"},{"surface":"legalább","lemma":"legalább","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on élő","gloss":"at least"},{"surface":"élő","lemma":"élő","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on ember","gloss":"living"},{"surface":"ember","lemma":"ember","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of bizonyítottam","gloss":"man","note":"Central to the book's conceit: ember (human/person) is contrasted with férfi (male man); translation sometimes renders it as 'man' generically."},{"surface":"nem","lemma":"nem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bizonyítottam","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ami","lemma":"ami","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of illeti","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of hajótörések","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hajótörések","lemma":"hajótörés","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"depends on áldozatait","gloss":"shipwrecks"},{"surface":"áldozatait","lemma":"áldozat","morphology":"noun, accusative, plural, third-person singular possessor","role":"direct object of illeti","gloss":"its victims"},{"surface":"illeti","lemma":"illet","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with bizonyítottam","gloss":"concerns","note":"part of the fixed phrase 'ami X-et illeti' (as for X, concerning X)"},{"surface":"ezekről","lemma":"ez","morphology":"pronoun, delative, plural","role":"oblique complement of megemlékezem","gloss":"about these"},{"surface":"még","lemma":"még","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on megemlékezem","gloss":"later"},{"surface":"később","lemma":"későn","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on megemlékezem","gloss":"later"},{"surface":"megemlékezem","lemma":"megemlékezik","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with valószínű","gloss":"I shall mention"}]},{"number":11,"label":"11","id":"cap-chapter-4-s11","source":"Mindent tekintetbe véve, megjelenésem közöttük volt olyan ritka alkalom és újság, mintha, teszem föl, Londonban vagy Párizsban egy napon partra szállana holmi marsbeli ember - s be kell vallanom, hogy az első napokban sokat foglalkoztatott a hiú dicsőség tudata, hogy nekem adatott a ritka feladat, az egész emberi fajt képviselni oly értelmes lények között, akik nememről mind ez ideig semmit se tudtak.","translation":"All things considered, my appearance among them was as rare an occasion, and as great a novelty, as if, let us suppose, some man from Mars were to come ashore one day in London or Paris — and I must own that in the first days I was much occupied with the vain consciousness of glory, that to me had fallen the rare task of representing the whole human race among such intelligent beings, who up to that time had known nothing of my sex.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s11.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Mindent","lemma":"minden","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of véve","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"tekintetbe","lemma":"tekintet","morphology":"noun, illative, singular","role":"oblique complement of véve","gloss":"into consideration"},{"surface":"véve","lemma":"véve","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on volt","gloss":"taking"},{"surface":"megjelenésem","lemma":"megjelenés","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, first-person singular possessor","role":"coordinated with véve","gloss":"my appearance"},{"surface":"közöttük","lemma":"közötte","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on volt","gloss":"among them","note":"postposition inflected for person"},{"surface":"volt","lemma":"van","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"olyan","lemma":"olyan","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on ritka","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"ritka","lemma":"ritka","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on alkalom","gloss":"rare","note":"Lemma can also mean \"sparse/thin\" in other contexts, but every example here means \"rare.\""},{"surface":"alkalom","lemma":"alkalom","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of volt","gloss":"occasion"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"újság","lemma":"újság","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with alkalom","gloss":"novelty","note":"False friend: normally 'newspaper', but here means 'novelty, rarity'."},{"surface":"mintha","lemma":"mintha","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of teszem","gloss":"as though"},{"surface":"teszem","lemma":"tesz","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, first-person, singular","role":"parallel clause to volt","gloss":"suppose"},{"surface":"föl","lemma":"föl","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on teszem","gloss":"suppose"},{"surface":"Londonban","lemma":"London","morphology":"proper noun, inessive, singular","role":"oblique complement of teszem","gloss":"in London"},{"surface":"vagy","lemma":"vagy","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"Párizsban","lemma":"Párizs","morphology":"proper noun, inessive, singular","role":"coordinated with Londonban","gloss":"in Paris"},{"surface":"egy","lemma":"egy","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of napon","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"napon","lemma":"nap","morphology":"noun, superessive, singular","role":"oblique complement of szállana","gloss":"one day","note":"The 'one' sense only belongs to examples with 'egy napon' (egy = one, a separate word). cap-chapter-1-s34/1-s36 have 'Ezen a napon' / 'E napon' (this day) — 'one day' is wrong there; napon by itself is just 'on [the] day'."},{"surface":"partra","lemma":"part","morphology":"noun, sublative, singular","role":"oblique complement of szállana","gloss":"ashore"},{"surface":"szállana","lemma":"száll","morphology":"verb, present, conditional, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with volt","gloss":"would come ashore, land"},{"surface":"holmi","lemma":"holmi","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on ember","gloss":"some sort of"},{"surface":"marsbeli","lemma":"marsbeli","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on ember","gloss":"from Mars"},{"surface":"ember","lemma":"ember","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of szállana","gloss":"man","note":"Central to the book's conceit: ember (human/person) is contrasted with férfi (male man); translation sometimes renders it as 'man' generically."},{"surface":"s","lemma":"s","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"be","lemma":"be","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on vallanom","gloss":"(particle: in)","note":"Separable verbal prefix; meaning depends on the verb it attaches to."},{"surface":"kell","lemma":"kell","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with volt","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"vallanom","lemma":"vall","morphology":"verb, infinitive, singular","role":"complement of kell","gloss":"to confess"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of foglalkoztatott","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of napokban","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"első","lemma":"első","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on napokban","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"napokban","lemma":"nap","morphology":"noun, inessive, plural","role":"oblique complement of foglalkoztatott","gloss":"in the days"},{"surface":"sokat","lemma":"sok","morphology":"numeral, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of foglalkoztatott","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"foglalkoztatott","lemma":"foglalkoztat","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"depends on kell","gloss":"occupied (me)"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of dicsőség","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hiú","lemma":"hiú","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on dicsőség","gloss":"vain"},{"surface":"dicsőség","lemma":"dicsőség","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on tudata","gloss":"glory"},{"surface":"tudata","lemma":"tudat","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"subject of foglalkoztatott","gloss":"consciousness (of it)"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of képviselni","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"nekem","lemma":"én","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular","role":"depends on képviselni","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"adatott","lemma":"adat","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"depends on nekem","gloss":"was given"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of feladat","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ritka","lemma":"ritka","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on feladat","gloss":"rare","note":"Lemma can also mean \"sparse/thin\" in other contexts, but every example here means \"rare.\""},{"surface":"feladat","lemma":"feladat","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"direct object of képviselni","gloss":"task"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of fajt","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"egész","lemma":"egész","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on fajt","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"emberi","lemma":"emberi","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on fajt","gloss":"human"},{"surface":"fajt","lemma":"faj","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular","role":"coordinated with feladat","gloss":"race"},{"surface":"képviselni","lemma":"képvisel","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"coordinated with volt","gloss":"to represent"},{"surface":"oly","lemma":"oly","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on értelmes","gloss":"such","note":"'oly utazók módjára' = 'after the manner of such travelers', 'oly szerkezetet' = 'such a device' use oly as a determiner ('such'), distinct from the intensifier use in 'oly békésen' = 'so peacefully'."},{"surface":"értelmes","lemma":"értelmes","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on lények","gloss":"intelligent"},{"surface":"lények","lemma":"lény","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"oblique complement of képviselni","gloss":"beings"},{"surface":"között","lemma":"között","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lények","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"akik","lemma":"aki","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"depends on nememről","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"nememről","lemma":"nem","morphology":"noun, delative, plural, first-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of tudtak","gloss":"about my sex"},{"surface":"mind","lemma":"mind","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"until now","note":"'nememről mind ez ideig semmit se tudtak' uses 'mind' idiomatically inside 'mind ez ideig' = 'until now', not the quantifier 'all'; 'az oihá-k mind egyneműek' uses 'mind' as the quantifier 'all'. The two examples are genuinely different senses."},{"surface":"ez","lemma":"ez","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"determiner of ideig","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ideig","lemma":"idő","morphology":"noun, terminative, singular","role":"depends on semmit","gloss":"for a time"},{"surface":"semmit","lemma":"semmi","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of tudtak","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tudtak","gloss":"at all"},{"surface":"tudtak","lemma":"tud","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, plural","role":"adverbial clause on volt","gloss":"knew","note":"Second example uses 'tud' as a modal auxiliary with infinitive ('nem tudtak komolyan venni' = 'could not take seriously'), not the literal 'know' sense."}]},{"number":12,"label":"12","id":"cap-chapter-4-s12","source":"Magamban készültem is rá, hogyan játszom majd el a nehéz s felelősségteljes diplomáciai szerepet - hogyan gondoskodom majd, hogy szeretett hazám érdekeit mindig szem előtt tartsam, hogyan elégítem majd ki módjával és méltósággal mohó kíváncsiságukat s általában hogy viselem magam, mint az érdeklődés középpontja.","translation":"I prepared myself, in my own mind, as to how I should play out the difficult and weighty diplomatic role that lay before me — how I should see to it that the interests of my beloved country were ever kept before my eyes, how I should satisfy their avid curiosity with tact and dignity, and how, in general, I should comport myself as the center of interest.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s12.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Magamban","lemma":"maga","morphology":"noun, inessive, singular, first-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of készültem","gloss":"within myself"},{"surface":"készültem","lemma":"készül","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I prepared"},{"surface":"is","lemma":"is","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on készültem","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"rá","lemma":"rá","morphology":"adverb","role":"oblique complement of készültem","gloss":"it","note":"Citation form of the sublative pronoun paradigm; gloss depends on the inflected person (rám, ránk, rájuk, ...)."},{"surface":"hogyan","lemma":"hogyan","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on játszom","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"játszom","lemma":"játszik","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, first-person, singular","role":"depends on készültem","gloss":"I play"},{"surface":"majd","lemma":"majd","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on játszom","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on majd","gloss":"out","note":"Separable verbal prefix; meaning depends on the verb it attaches to."},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of szerepet","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"nehéz","lemma":"nehéz","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on szerepet","gloss":"heavy"},{"surface":"s","lemma":"s","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"felelősségteljes","lemma":"felelősségteljes","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with nehéz","gloss":"weighty"},{"surface":"diplomáciai","lemma":"diplomáciai","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on szerepet","gloss":"diplomatic"},{"surface":"szerepet","lemma":"szerep","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of játszom","gloss":"role"},{"surface":"hogyan","lemma":"hogyan","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gondoskodom","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"gondoskodom","lemma":"gondoskodik","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, first-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on játszom","gloss":"I take care of"},{"surface":"majd","lemma":"majd","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gondoskodom","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tartsam","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"szeretett","lemma":"szeretett","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on hazám","gloss":"beloved"},{"surface":"hazám","lemma":"hazám","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, first-person singular possessor","role":"depends on érdekeit","gloss":"my country"},{"surface":"érdekeit","lemma":"érdek","morphology":"noun, accusative, plural, third-person singular possessor","role":"direct object of tartsam","gloss":"its interests"},{"surface":"mindig","lemma":"mindig","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on szem","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"szem","lemma":"szem","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"oblique complement of tartsam","gloss":"eye"},{"surface":"előtt","lemma":"előtt","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking szem","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"tartsam","lemma":"tart","morphology":"verb, present, imperative, definite, first-person, singular","role":"depends on készültem","gloss":"keep"},{"surface":"hogyan","lemma":"hogyan","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on elégítem","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"elégítem","lemma":"elégít","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, first-person, singular","role":"depends on tartsam","gloss":"I satisfy"},{"surface":"majd","lemma":"majd","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on elégítem","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"ki","lemma":"ki","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on elégítem","gloss":"(particle: out)","note":"Separable verbal prefix; meaning depends on the verb it attaches to."},{"surface":"módjával","lemma":"mód","morphology":"noun, instrumental, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of elégítem","gloss":"with due measure"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"méltósággal","lemma":"méltóság","morphology":"noun, instrumental, singular","role":"coordinated with módjával","gloss":"with dignity"},{"surface":"mohó","lemma":"mohó","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on kíváncsiságukat","gloss":"eager"},{"surface":"kíváncsiságukat","lemma":"kíváncsiság","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular, third-person plural possessor","role":"direct object of elégítem","gloss":"their curiosity"},{"surface":"s","lemma":"s","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"általában","lemma":"általában","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on viselem","gloss":"generally"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of viselem","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"viselem","lemma":"visel","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with elégítem","gloss":"I conduct myself","note":"Reflexive idiom 'viselem magam' ('I comport myself'), distinct from 'visel' meaning 'to bear/endure'."},{"surface":"magam","lemma":"maga","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular, reflexive","role":"direct object of viselem","gloss":"myself"},{"surface":"mint","lemma":"mint","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of középpontja","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of érdeklődés","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"érdeklődés","lemma":"érdeklődés","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on középpontja","gloss":"interest"},{"surface":"középpontja","lemma":"középpont","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"adverbial clause on viselem","gloss":"the center of"}]},{"number":13,"label":"13","id":"cap-chapter-4-s13","source":"Hamar rá kellett jönnöm, a csalódott önérzet nem minden keserűsége nélkül, hogy mindeme lelki előkészület kárba vész.","translation":"I was soon obliged to discover, not without some bitterness of disappointed self-regard, that all this inward preparation went for nothing.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s13.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hamar","lemma":"hamar","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kellett","gloss":"soon","note":"Type includes both the base form (hamar, 'soon') and comparative surface (hamarabb, 'sooner')."},{"surface":"rá","lemma":"ő","morphology":"pronoun, sublative, singular","role":"oblique complement of jönnöm","gloss":"realize","note":"Also occurs as the particle in the light verb 'rájön' (to realize/discover)."},{"surface":"kellett","lemma":"kell","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had to"},{"surface":"jönnöm","lemma":"jön","morphology":"verb, infinitive, singular","role":"complement of kellett","gloss":"to come"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of önérzet","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"csalódott","lemma":"csalódott","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on önérzet","gloss":"disappointed"},{"surface":"önérzet","lemma":"önérzet","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on keserűsége","gloss":"self-regard"},{"surface":"nem","lemma":"nem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies keserűsége","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"minden","lemma":"minden","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on keserűsége","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"keserűsége","lemma":"keserűség","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of jönnöm","gloss":"its bitterness"},{"surface":"nélkül","lemma":"nélkül","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking keserűsége","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vész","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"mindeme","lemma":"mindem","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on előkészület","gloss":"all this"},{"surface":"lelki","lemma":"lelki","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on előkészület","gloss":"spiritual"},{"surface":"előkészület","lemma":"előkészület","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of vész","gloss":"preparation"},{"surface":"kárba","lemma":"kár","morphology":"noun, illative, singular","role":"oblique complement of vész","gloss":"to waste","note":"Part of the idiom kárba vész, 'to go to waste'."},{"surface":"vész","lemma":"vész","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on kellett","gloss":"goes to waste"}]},{"number":14,"label":"14","id":"cap-chapter-4-s14","source":"A hölgyek semmiféle jellel nem árulták el, hogy különösebb módon érdekelné őket, ki vagyok, és honnan jöttem.","translation":"The ladies betrayed by no sign whatsoever any particular interest in who I was or whence I came.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s14.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"A","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of hölgyek","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hölgyek","lemma":"hölgy","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of árulták","gloss":"ladies"},{"surface":"semmiféle","lemma":"semmiféle","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"determiner of jellel","gloss":"no kind of"},{"surface":"jellel","lemma":"jel","morphology":"noun, instrumental, singular","role":"oblique complement of árulták","gloss":"with a sign"},{"surface":"nem","lemma":"nem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies árulták","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"árulták","lemma":"árul","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, definite, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"they betrayed"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on árulták","gloss":"(perfective particle)","note":"Separable verbal prefix; meaning depends on the verb it attaches to."},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of érdekelné","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"különösebb","lemma":"különös","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular, comparative","role":"depends on módon","gloss":"particular"},{"surface":"módon","lemma":"mód","morphology":"noun, superessive, singular","role":"oblique complement of érdekelné","gloss":"in a manner"},{"surface":"érdekelné","lemma":"érdekel","morphology":"verb, present, conditional, definite, third-person, singular","role":"depends on árulták","gloss":"would interest"},{"surface":"őket","lemma":"ők","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of érdekelné","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"ki","lemma":"ki","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of vagyok","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"vagyok","lemma":"van","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, first-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on érdekelné","gloss":"I am"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"honnan","lemma":"honnan","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on jöttem","gloss":"whence"},{"surface":"jöttem","lemma":"jön","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, first-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of vagyok","gloss":"I came"}]},{"number":15,"label":"15","id":"cap-chapter-4-s15","source":"Miután végigtapogattak, sőt, amint az előző fejezetben már említettem - egyikük meg is harapott, mintegy megtudni, ehető vagyok-e, s ha igen, milyen ízű - hamar magamra hagytak és folytatták előttem akkor érthetetlen, kicsinyes és gyermekes foglalatosságukat.","translation":"Having felt me thoroughly over, and indeed, as I have already mentioned in the previous chapter, one of them even bit me, as if to learn whether I was edible, and if so, of what flavor — they soon left me to myself, and resumed, before my very eyes, that occupation of theirs, then incomprehensible to me, so trifling and childish.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s15.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Miután","lemma":"miután","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of végigtapogattak","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"végigtapogattak","lemma":"végigtapogat","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"they felt over"},{"surface":"sőt","lemma":"sőt","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"nay, more"},{"surface":"amint","lemma":"amint","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on említettem","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of fejezetben","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"előző","lemma":"előző","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on fejezetben","gloss":"previous"},{"surface":"fejezetben","lemma":"fejezet","morphology":"noun, inessive, singular","role":"oblique complement of említettem","gloss":"in the chapter"},{"surface":"már","lemma":"már","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on említettem","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"említettem","lemma":"említ","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, definite, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with végigtapogattak","gloss":"I mentioned"},{"surface":"egyikük","lemma":"egyik","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular, third-person plural possessor","role":"subject of harapott","gloss":"one of them"},{"surface":"meg","lemma":"meg","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on harapott","gloss":"(completive particle)","note":"Verbal preverb marking completed/perfective action; often has no separate English word."},{"surface":"is","lemma":"is","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on harapott","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"harapott","lemma":"harap","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"parallel clause to említettem","gloss":"bit"},{"surface":"mintegy","lemma":"mintegy","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on megtudni","gloss":"as if"},{"surface":"megtudni","lemma":"megtud","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"coordinated with harapott","gloss":"to find out"},{"surface":"ehető","lemma":"ehető","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with harapott","gloss":"edible"},{"surface":"vagyok","lemma":"van","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, first-person, singular","role":"copula linking to ehető","gloss":"I am"},{"surface":"e","lemma":"-e","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on ehető","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"s","lemma":"s","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of igen","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"igen","lemma":"igen","morphology":"interjection","role":"depends on ízű","gloss":"yes"},{"surface":"milyen","lemma":"milyen","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on igen","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"ízű","lemma":"ízű","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on foglalatosságukat","gloss":"-flavored","note":"Suffix-like adjective attached to a taste word, e.g. 'kellemes ízű' = 'pleasant-tasting'."},{"surface":"hamar","lemma":"hamar","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on hagytak","gloss":"soon","note":"Type includes both the base form (hamar, 'soon') and comparative surface (hamarabb, 'sooner')."},{"surface":"magamra","lemma":"maga","morphology":"pronoun, sublative, singular, reflexive","role":"oblique complement of hagytak","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"hagytak","lemma":"hagy","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with ízű","gloss":"they left"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"folytatták","lemma":"folytat","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, definite, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with ízű","gloss":"resumed (it)"},{"surface":"előttem","lemma":"előtte","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with ízű","gloss":"before me","note":"postposition inflected for person; the type covers all persons of the paradigm"},{"surface":"akkor","lemma":"akkor","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on érthetetlen","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"érthetetlen","lemma":"érthetetlen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on foglalatosságukat","gloss":"incomprehensible"},{"surface":"kicsinyes","lemma":"kicsinyes","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with érthetetlen","gloss":"petty"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"gyermekes","lemma":"gyermekes","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with kicsinyes","gloss":"childish"},{"surface":"foglalatosságukat","lemma":"foglalatosság","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular, third-person plural possessor","role":"coordinated with harapott","gloss":"their occupation"}]},{"number":16,"label":"16","id":"cap-chapter-4-s16","source":"A már szintén említett különös ebéd után (melyet különben éhesen hagytam ott, megundorodva a furcsa tápláléktól) megpróbáltam még egyszer, hogy figyelmüket magamra vonjam.","translation":"After that singular dinner, likewise already mentioned (which, incidentally, I left hungry, sickened by the strange fare), I made one further attempt to draw their attention upon myself.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s16.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"A","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of ebéd","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"már","lemma":"már","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on említett","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"szintén","lemma":"szintén","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"említett","lemma":"említett","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on ebéd","gloss":"aforementioned"},{"surface":"különös","lemma":"különös","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on ebéd","gloss":"strange"},{"surface":"ebéd","lemma":"ebéd","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"oblique complement of hagytam","gloss":"dinner"},{"surface":"után","lemma":"után","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ebéd","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"melyet","lemma":"mely","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of hagytam","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"különben","lemma":"különben","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on hagytam","gloss":"incidentally"},{"surface":"éhesen","lemma":"éhes","morphology":"adjective, essive, singular","role":"oblique complement of hagytam","gloss":"hungry"},{"surface":"hagytam","lemma":"hagy","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, first-person, singular","role":"depends on megpróbáltam","gloss":"I left"},{"surface":"ott","lemma":"ott","morphology":"adverb","role":"oblique complement of hagytam","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"megundorodva","lemma":"megundorodva","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on tápláléktól","gloss":"sickened (with disgust)"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of tápláléktól","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"furcsa","lemma":"furcsa","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on tápláléktól","gloss":"strange"},{"surface":"tápláléktól","lemma":"táplálék","morphology":"noun, ablative, singular","role":"coordinated with hagytam","gloss":"from the food"},{"surface":"megpróbáltam","lemma":"megpróbál","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, definite, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I attempted"},{"surface":"még","lemma":"még","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on megpróbáltam","gloss":"further"},{"surface":"egyszer","lemma":"egyszer","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on megpróbáltam","gloss":"once more","note":"Fixed: original senses duplicated 'once'/'Once' as if distinct. 'ha egyszer az Isten... lelátogat' translates as 'if ever God... should' — a genuine third sense ('ever') in a conditional, not a capitalization variant."},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vonjam","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"figyelmüket","lemma":"figyelem","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular, third-person plural possessor","role":"subject of vonjam","gloss":"their attention"},{"surface":"magamra","lemma":"maga","morphology":"pronoun, sublative, singular, reflexive","role":"oblique complement of vonjam","gloss":"upon myself"},{"surface":"vonjam","lemma":"von","morphology":"verb, present, imperative, definite, first-person, singular","role":"depends on megpróbáltam","gloss":"may I draw"}]},{"number":17,"label":"17","id":"cap-chapter-4-s17","source":"Felálltam, s belátván, hogy nyelvük nem tartozik egyikéhez sem ama nyelvcsaládoknak, melyeket a mi egyetemeink ismernek, mindenféle jelekkel és jelképekkel próbáltam elmagyarázni nekik, hogy távoli országból jövök és legfőbb vágyam, hogy az útleírások történetét gazdagítandó, megismerjem szokásaikat és államformáikat, egyben felvilágosítsam őket mindarról, amiről szükségképpen ők nem tudhatnak semmit.","translation":"I rose to my feet, and, perceiving that their tongue belonged to none of those language-families known to our universities, I endeavored, by every manner of sign and symbol, to explain to them that I came from a distant country, and that my foremost desire was, to enrich the history of travel-narratives, to acquaint myself with their customs and forms of government, while at the same time enlightening them upon all those matters of which they must necessarily know nothing.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s17.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Felálltam","lemma":"feláll","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I rose to my feet"},{"surface":"s","lemma":"s","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"belátván","lemma":"belátván","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with Felálltam","gloss":"perceiving"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tartozik","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"nyelvük","lemma":"nyelv","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person plural possessor","role":"subject of tartozik","gloss":"their language"},{"surface":"nem","lemma":"nem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tartozik","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"tartozik","lemma":"tartozik","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"depends on belátván","gloss":"belongs"},{"surface":"egyikéhez","lemma":"egyik","morphology":"noun, allative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of tartozik","gloss":"to one of them"},{"surface":"sem","lemma":"sem","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"nor","note":"used in sem...sem 'neither...nor' pairs, or after nem for 'not even'"},{"surface":"ama","lemma":"ama","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on nyelvcsaládoknak","gloss":"that","note":"Literary/archaic demonstrative, equivalent to modern 'az' (that)."},{"surface":"nyelvcsaládoknak","lemma":"nyelvcsalád","morphology":"noun, genitive, plural","role":"oblique complement of elmagyarázni","gloss":"of the language families"},{"surface":"melyeket","lemma":"mely","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of ismernek","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of egyetemeink","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mi","lemma":"mi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"depends on egyetemeink","gloss":"our","note":"'a mi szerelmünk' = 'our love' — 'mi' functions as a possessive determiner before a possessed noun, not the subject pronoun 'we'; a stable gloss misses this genuinely distinct reading."},{"surface":"egyetemeink","lemma":"egyetem","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural, first-person plural possessor","role":"oblique complement of ismernek","gloss":"our universities"},{"surface":"ismernek","lemma":"ismer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, plural","role":"clause modifying nyelvcsaládoknak","gloss":"know","note":"Ex.1 'melyeket a mi egyetemeink ismernek' is plain ismerni (know). Ex.2 'legfeljebb annyit ismernek el' is elismerni (to acknowledge/allow), preverb 'el' split off. The fixed gloss 'they know' misses the second sense."},{"surface":"mindenféle","lemma":"mindenféle","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"determiner of jelekkel","gloss":"all manner of"},{"surface":"jelekkel","lemma":"jel","morphology":"noun, instrumental, plural","role":"oblique complement of elmagyarázni","gloss":"with signs"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"jelképekkel","lemma":"jelkép","morphology":"noun, instrumental, plural","role":"coordinated with jelekkel","gloss":"with symbols"},{"surface":"próbáltam","lemma":"próbál","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with Felálltam","gloss":"I tried"},{"surface":"elmagyarázni","lemma":"elmagyaráz","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of próbáltam","gloss":"to explain"},{"surface":"nekik","lemma":"neki","morphology":"adverb","role":"oblique complement of elmagyarázni","gloss":"to them","note":"Citation form of the dative personal-pronoun paradigm; the actual gloss depends on the inflected person (nekem, neked, nekik, ...)."},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of jövök","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"távoli","lemma":"távoli","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on országból","gloss":"distant"},{"surface":"országból","lemma":"ország","morphology":"noun, elative, singular","role":"oblique complement of jövök","gloss":"from the country"},{"surface":"jövök","lemma":"jön","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, first-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on próbáltam","gloss":"I come"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"legfőbb","lemma":"fő","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular, superlative","role":"depends on vágyam","gloss":"chief"},{"surface":"vágyam","lemma":"vágy","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, first-person singular possessor","role":"coordinated with jövök","gloss":"my desire"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gazdagítandó","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of útleírások","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"útleírások","lemma":"útleírás","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"depends on történetét","gloss":"travel accounts"},{"surface":"történetét","lemma":"történet","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"direct object of gazdagítandó","gloss":"its history"},{"surface":"gazdagítandó","lemma":"gazdagítandó","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"adverbial clause on jövök","gloss":"to enrich","note":"Purposive/gerundive form ('gazdagítandó' = 'in order to enrich')."},{"surface":"megismerjem","lemma":"megismer","morphology":"verb, present, imperative, definite, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with jövök","gloss":"that I get to know"},{"surface":"szokásaikat","lemma":"szokás","morphology":"noun, accusative, plural, third-person plural possessor","role":"direct object of megismerjem","gloss":"their customs"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"államformáikat","lemma":"államformáikat","morphology":"noun, accusative, plural","role":"coordinated with szokásaikat","gloss":"their forms of government"},{"surface":"egyben","lemma":"egyben","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on felvilágosítsam","gloss":"at the same time"},{"surface":"felvilágosítsam","lemma":"felvilágosít","morphology":"verb, present, imperative, definite, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with jövök","gloss":"may I enlighten (them)"},{"surface":"őket","lemma":"ők","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of felvilágosítsam","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"mindarról","lemma":"mindar","morphology":"pronoun, delative, singular","role":"oblique complement of felvilágosítsam","gloss":"about all that"},{"surface":"amiről","lemma":"ami","morphology":"pronoun, delative, singular","role":"oblique complement of tudhatnak","gloss":"about which"},{"surface":"szükségképpen","lemma":"szükség","morphology":"noun, absolutive, singular","role":"oblique complement of tudhatnak","gloss":"necessarily"},{"surface":"ők","lemma":"ők","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of tudhatnak","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"nem","lemma":"nem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tudhatnak","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"tudhatnak","lemma":"tudhat","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, plural","role":"adverbial clause on jövök","gloss":"they can know"},{"surface":"semmit","lemma":"semmi","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of tudhatnak","gloss":"nothing"}]},{"number":18,"label":"18","id":"cap-chapter-4-s18","source":"De már az első szavak után észrevettem, hogy nem is figyelnek rám.","translation":"But after my very first words I perceived that they were not attending to me at all.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s18.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"már","lemma":"már","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on észrevettem","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of szavak","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"első","lemma":"első","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on szavak","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"szavak","lemma":"szó","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"oblique complement of észrevettem","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"után","lemma":"után","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking szavak","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"észrevettem","lemma":"észrevesz","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, definite, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I noticed"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of figyelnek","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"nem","lemma":"nem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies figyelnek","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"is","lemma":"is","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on figyelnek","gloss":"at all"},{"surface":"figyelnek","lemma":"figyel","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, plural","role":"depends on észrevettem","gloss":"are attending"},{"surface":"rám","lemma":"rá","morphology":"adverb","role":"oblique complement of figyelnek","gloss":"me","note":"Citation form of the sublative pronoun paradigm; gloss depends on the inflected person (rám, ránk, rájuk, ...)."}]},{"number":19,"label":"19","id":"cap-chapter-4-s19","source":"Apró, csicsergő kiáltásaikkal szakítottak félbe - néhányan felugráltak, táncolni kezdtek, mások cukrocskákat szopogattak -, végre az egész társaság felkerekedett, s nagy örvényléssel átkerekedtek a szomszédos csarnokba, magamra hagyva az asztal mellett, zavartan és megszégyenülve.","translation":"They broke in upon me with small, chirping cries — some leapt up and fell to dancing; others sucked upon little sweets — until at last the whole company rose up and, in a great swirl, wheeled away into the neighboring hall, leaving me behind at the table, confounded and ashamed.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s19.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Apró","lemma":"apró","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on kiáltásaikkal","gloss":"tiny"},{"surface":"csicsergő","lemma":"csicsergő","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on kiáltásaikkal","gloss":"chirping"},{"surface":"kiáltásaikkal","lemma":"kiáltás","morphology":"noun, instrumental, singular, third-person plural possessor","role":"oblique complement of szakítottak","gloss":"with their cries"},{"surface":"szakítottak","lemma":"szakít","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"broke in"},{"surface":"félbe","lemma":"fél","morphology":"numeral, illative, singular","role":"oblique complement of szakítottak","gloss":"in two","note":"Usually part of the idiom félbeszakít 'to interrupt' (lit. 'break into half')."},{"surface":"néhányan","lemma":"néhány","morphology":"pronoun, essive, singular","role":"subject of felugráltak","gloss":"a few (of them)"},{"surface":"felugráltak","lemma":"felugrál","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with szakítottak","gloss":"leapt up"},{"surface":"táncolni","lemma":"táncol","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of kezdtek","gloss":"to dance"},{"surface":"kezdtek","lemma":"kezd","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with felugráltak","gloss":"began"},{"surface":"mások","lemma":"más","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"depends on cukrocskákat","gloss":"others"},{"surface":"cukrocskákat","lemma":"cukrocska","morphology":"noun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of szopogattak","gloss":"little sweets"},{"surface":"szopogattak","lemma":"szopogat","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with felugráltak","gloss":"they sucked"},{"surface":"végre","lemma":"végre","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on felkerekedett","gloss":"at last"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of társaság","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"egész","lemma":"egész","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on társaság","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"társaság","lemma":"társaság","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of felkerekedett","gloss":"company"},{"surface":"felkerekedett","lemma":"felkerekedik","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with felugráltak","gloss":"rose up (and set off)"},{"surface":"s","lemma":"s","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"nagy","lemma":"nagy","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on örvényléssel","gloss":"great","note":"'nagy betűkkel olvasom' = 'I read in large letters' — physical size, not magnitude/greatness; a stable 'great' is wrong for this attested sense."},{"surface":"örvényléssel","lemma":"örvénylés","morphology":"noun, instrumental, singular","role":"oblique complement of átkerekedtek","gloss":"with a swirl"},{"surface":"átkerekedtek","lemma":"átkerekedik","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with felkerekedett","gloss":"wheeled away"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of csarnokba","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"szomszédos","lemma":"szomszédos","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on csarnokba","gloss":"neighboring"},{"surface":"csarnokba","lemma":"csarnok","morphology":"noun, illative, singular","role":"oblique complement of átkerekedtek","gloss":"into the hall"},{"surface":"magamra","lemma":"maga","morphology":"pronoun, sublative, singular","role":"direct object of hagyva","gloss":"to myself"},{"surface":"hagyva","lemma":"hagyva","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on zavartan","gloss":"leaving"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of asztal","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"asztal","lemma":"asztal","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of hagyva","gloss":"table"},{"surface":"mellett","lemma":"mellett","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking asztal","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"zavartan","lemma":"zavart","morphology":"adjective, essive, singular","role":"oblique complement of átkerekedtek","gloss":"in confusion"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"megszégyenülve","lemma":"megszégyenülve","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with zavartan","gloss":"ashamed"}]},{"number":20,"label":"20","id":"cap-chapter-4-s20","source":"Akinek felesége van, vagy volt már dolga huzamosabb ideig nőkkel, ismeri azt a furcsa érzést, mikor az ember értelmesen és logikusan beszélni kezd, felépít egy gondolatsort s mikor diadalmasan rátérne a konklúzióra, ami betetőzné az érvek pompás palotáját - őnagysága egyszerre azt mondja, pardon, azonnal, s kirohan a konyhába, vagy eltűnik egy fehérnemű-kereskedés ajtaja mögött, hogy aztán, mikor félóra múlva visszatér s te még ott állasz ugyanazon a helyen, türelmetlenül várva, mikor fejezheted már be mondókáidat - vidám csacsogásából és egész viselkedéséből megdöbbenve tapasztalod, hogy fogalma sincs már róla, hogy te éppen beszéltél valamiről, mikor faképnél hagyott.","translation":"Whoever has a wife, or has had prolonged dealings with women, knows that curious sensation, when a man sets himself to speak sensibly and logically, builds up a chain of reasoning, and, just as he would triumphantly arrive at the conclusion that should crown the splendid edifice of his arguments — her ladyship suddenly says, pardon me, one moment, and rushes off to the kitchen, or vanishes behind the door of some linen-draper's shop, only to return half an hour later, while you still stand in that selfsame spot, waiting impatiently for the moment when you might at last finish your discourse — and from her cheerful prattle, and her whole bearing, you discover, to your dismay, that she no longer has the least notion that you were in the middle of saying something when she left you standing.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s20.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Akinek","lemma":"aki","morphology":"pronoun, genitive, singular","role":"depends on van","gloss":"whoever has"},{"surface":"felesége","lemma":"feleség","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"subject of van","gloss":"his wife"},{"surface":"van","lemma":"van","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"depends on ismeri","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"vagy","lemma":"vagy","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"volt","lemma":"van","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with van","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"már","lemma":"már","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on huzamosabb","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"dolga","lemma":"dolog","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"subject of huzamosabb","gloss":"dealings"},{"surface":"huzamosabb","lemma":"huzamos","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular, comparative","role":"depends on ideig","gloss":"more prolonged"},{"surface":"ideig","lemma":"idő","morphology":"noun, terminative, singular","role":"oblique complement of volt","gloss":"for a time"},{"surface":"nőkkel","lemma":"nő","morphology":"noun, instrumental, plural","role":"oblique complement of volt","gloss":"with women"},{"surface":"ismeri","lemma":"ismer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"knows"},{"surface":"azt","lemma":"az","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"determiner of érzést","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of érzést","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"furcsa","lemma":"furcsa","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on érzést","gloss":"strange"},{"surface":"érzést","lemma":"érzés","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of felépít","gloss":"sensation"},{"surface":"mikor","lemma":"mikor","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kezd","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of ember","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ember","lemma":"ember","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of beszélni","gloss":"man","note":"Central to the book's conceit: ember (human/person) is contrasted with férfi (male man); translation sometimes renders it as 'man' generically."},{"surface":"értelmesen","lemma":"értelmes","morphology":"adjective, essive, singular","role":"depends on beszélni","gloss":"sensibly"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"logikusan","lemma":"logikus","morphology":"adjective, essive, singular","role":"oblique complement of beszélni","gloss":"logically"},{"surface":"beszélni","lemma":"beszél","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of kezd","gloss":"to speak"},{"surface":"kezd","lemma":"kezd","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying érzést","gloss":"begins"},{"surface":"felépít","lemma":"felépít","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"depends on ismeri","gloss":"builds up"},{"surface":"egy","lemma":"egy","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of gondolatsort","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gondolatsort","lemma":"gondolatsor","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of ismeri","gloss":"chain of thought"},{"surface":"s","lemma":"s","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"mikor","lemma":"mikor","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on rátérne","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"diadalmasan","lemma":"diadalmas","morphology":"adjective, essive, singular","role":"oblique complement of rátérne","gloss":"triumphantly"},{"surface":"rátérne","lemma":"rátér","morphology":"verb, present, conditional, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on ismeri","gloss":"would turn to"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of konklúzióra","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"konklúzióra","lemma":"konklúzió","morphology":"noun, sublative, singular","role":"oblique complement of rátérne","gloss":"to the conclusion"},{"surface":"ami","lemma":"ami","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of betetőzné","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"betetőzné","lemma":"betetőzné","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of mondja","gloss":"would crown","note":"Tagged as a noun but functions as a verb (conditional 'would crown') in this line."},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of érvek","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"érvek","lemma":"érv","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"depends on palotáját","gloss":"arguments"},{"surface":"pompás","lemma":"pompás","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on palotáját","gloss":"splendid"},{"surface":"palotáját","lemma":"palota","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"direct object of mondja","gloss":"its palace","note":"immediate possessor is \"érvek\" (the arguments), an abstract noun, not a person; \"his\" wrongly personifies this token."},{"surface":"őnagysága","lemma":"őnagysága","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"subject of mondja","gloss":"her ladyship"},{"surface":"egyszerre","lemma":"egyszerre","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on mondja","gloss":"suddenly"},{"surface":"azt","lemma":"az","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of mondja","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"mondja","lemma":"mond","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on rátérne","gloss":"says it"},{"surface":"pardon","lemma":"pardon","morphology":"interjection","role":"depends on mondja","gloss":"pardon me"},{"surface":"azonnal","lemma":"azonnal","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kirohan","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"s","lemma":"s","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"kirohan","lemma":"kirohan","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with mondja","gloss":"rushes out"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of konyhába","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"konyhába","lemma":"konyha","morphology":"noun, illative, singular","role":"oblique complement of kirohan","gloss":"into the kitchen"},{"surface":"vagy","lemma":"vagy","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"eltűnik","lemma":"eltűnik","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with kirohan","gloss":"vanishes"},{"surface":"egy","lemma":"egy","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of fehérnemű-kereskedés","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"fehérnemű-kereskedés","lemma":"fehérnemű-kereskedés","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on ajtaja","gloss":"linen shop"},{"surface":"ajtaja","lemma":"ajtó","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of eltűnik","gloss":"its door"},{"surface":"mögött","lemma":"mögött","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ajtaja","gloss":"behind"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of aztán","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"aztán","lemma":"aztán","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with kirohan","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"mikor","lemma":"mikor","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on visszatér","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"félóra","lemma":"félóra","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"oblique complement of visszatér","gloss":"half an hour"},{"surface":"múlva","lemma":"múlva","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking félóra","gloss":"later","note":"postposition following a time expression, e.g. 'néhány nap múlva' = 'a few days later'"},{"surface":"visszatér","lemma":"visszatér","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on kirohan","gloss":"returns"},{"surface":"s","lemma":"s","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"te","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of állasz","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"még","lemma":"még","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on állasz","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"ott","lemma":"ott","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on állasz","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"állasz","lemma":"állasz","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with visszatér","gloss":"you stand","note":"Actually the verb 'állsz' (you stand), not a noun, despite the tag."},{"surface":"ugyanazon","lemma":"ugyanaz","morphology":"pronoun, superessive, singular","role":"determiner of helyen","gloss":"on that same"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of helyen","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"helyen","lemma":"hely","morphology":"noun, superessive, singular","role":"oblique complement of állasz","gloss":"at the place"},{"surface":"türelmetlenül","lemma":"türelmetlen","morphology":"adjective, essive, singular","role":"depends on várva","gloss":"impatiently"},{"surface":"várva","lemma":"várva","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on állasz","gloss":"waiting"},{"surface":"mikor","lemma":"mikor","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on fejezheted","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"fejezheted","lemma":"fejezhe","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, definite, second-person, singular","role":"depends on állasz","gloss":"you could finish"},{"surface":"már","lemma":"már","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on fejezheted","gloss":"at last"},{"surface":"be","lemma":"be","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on fejezheted","gloss":"(particle: in)","note":"Separable verbal prefix; meaning depends on the verb it attaches to."},{"surface":"mondókáidat","lemma":"mondókáidat","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular, second-person singular possessor","role":"depends on csacsogásából","gloss":"your speech"},{"surface":"vidám","lemma":"vidám","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on csacsogásából","gloss":"cheerful"},{"surface":"csacsogásából","lemma":"csacsogás","morphology":"noun, elative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"depends on viselkedéséből","gloss":"from her prattle"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"egész","lemma":"egész","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on viselkedéséből","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"viselkedéséből","lemma":"viselkedés","morphology":"noun, elative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"coordinated with be","gloss":"from her bearing"},{"surface":"megdöbbenve","lemma":"megdöbbenve","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on tapasztalod","gloss":"with dismay"},{"surface":"tapasztalod","lemma":"tapasztal","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, second-person, singular","role":"oblique complement of fejezheted","gloss":"you discover"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sincs","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"fogalma","lemma":"fogalom","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"subject of sincs","gloss":"his notion"},{"surface":"sincs","lemma":"sincs","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on kirohan","gloss":"does not have"},{"surface":"már","lemma":"már","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on sincs","gloss":"no longer"},{"surface":"róla","lemma":"róla","morphology":"adverb","role":"oblique complement of sincs","gloss":"of it","note":"Citation form of the delative pronoun paradigm; gloss depends on the inflected person (rólam, róluk, ...)."},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of beszéltél","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"te","lemma":"te","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of beszéltél","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"éppen","lemma":"éppen","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on beszéltél","gloss":"precisely"},{"surface":"beszéltél","lemma":"beszél","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, second-person, singular","role":"depends on sincs","gloss":"you spoke"},{"surface":"valamiről","lemma":"valami","morphology":"pronoun, delative, singular","role":"oblique complement of beszéltél","gloss":"about something"},{"surface":"mikor","lemma":"mikor","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on hagyott","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"faképnél","lemma":"fakép","morphology":"noun, adessive, singular","role":"oblique complement of hagyott","gloss":"standing (idiom: leave someone standing)","note":"Part of the fixed idiom 'faképnél hagy', literally 'to leave at the wooden figure', i.e. to walk off and abandon someone."},{"surface":"hagyott","lemma":"hagy","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on sincs","gloss":"left"}]},{"number":21,"label":"21","id":"cap-chapter-4-s21","source":"Eltűnődsz s restelled emlékeztetni rá, miről volt szó, egyszerre úgy érzed, tulajdonképpen nem is volt olyan fontos, hiszen ha az lett volna, nem felejtette volna el oly könnyen.","translation":"You ponder the matter, and feel ashamed to remind her what it was about, until at once you begin to feel that it was not, after all, of such great importance — for had it been, she would hardly have forgotten it so easily.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s21.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Eltűnődsz","lemma":"eltűnőd","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, second-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"you ponder"},{"surface":"s","lemma":"s","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"restelled","lemma":"restell","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, definite, second-person, singular","role":"coordinated with Eltűnődsz","gloss":"you feel ashamed","note":"Mis-tagged as past; 'restelled' (restell+ed) is the present-tense definite 2sg form ('you feel ashamed to remind her') — the whole sentence is present tense ('Eltűnődsz s restelled ... úgy érzed'). Past definite 2sg would be 'restellted'."},{"surface":"emlékeztetni","lemma":"emlékeztet","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of restelled","gloss":"to remind"},{"surface":"rá","lemma":"rá","morphology":"adverb","role":"oblique complement of emlékeztetni","gloss":"it","note":"Citation form of the sublative pronoun paradigm; gloss depends on the inflected person (rám, ránk, rájuk, ...)."},{"surface":"miről","lemma":"mi","morphology":"pronoun, delative, singular","role":"oblique complement of Eltűnődsz","gloss":"about what"},{"surface":"volt","lemma":"van","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to szó","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"szó","lemma":"szó","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of Eltűnődsz","gloss":"matter"},{"surface":"egyszerre","lemma":"egyszerre","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on érzed","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"úgy","lemma":"úgy","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on érzed","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"érzed","lemma":"érez","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, second-person, singular","role":"coordinated with Eltűnődsz","gloss":"you feel"},{"surface":"tulajdonképpen","lemma":"tulajdonképpen","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on volt","gloss":"actually"},{"surface":"nem","lemma":"nem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies volt","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"is","lemma":"is","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on volt","gloss":"after all"},{"surface":"volt","lemma":"van","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to fontos","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"olyan","lemma":"olyan","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on fontos","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"fontos","lemma":"fontos","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with Eltűnődsz","gloss":"important"},{"surface":"hiszen","lemma":"hiszen","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of az","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"adverbial clause on felejtette","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"lett","lemma":"lesz","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to az","gloss":"been"},{"surface":"volna","lemma":"volna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, conditional, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of lett","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"nem","lemma":"nem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies felejtette","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"felejtette","lemma":"felejt","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, definite, third-person, singular","role":"depends on fontos","gloss":"forgot it"},{"surface":"volna","lemma":"volna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, conditional, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of felejtette","gloss":"would have"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on könnyen","gloss":"(perfective particle)","note":"Separable verbal prefix; meaning depends on the verb it attaches to."},{"surface":"oly","lemma":"oly","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on könnyen","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"könnyen","lemma":"könnyű","morphology":"adjective, essive, singular","role":"depends on felejtette","gloss":"easily"}]},{"number":22,"label":"22","id":"cap-chapter-4-s22","source":"Amiket tehát az alábbiakban röviden összefoglalok, hogy az olvasónak némi fogalmat nyújtsak Capillária törvényeiről, azt mind magánszorgalomból tudtam meg, anélkül, hogy bárki is törődött volna vele, vajon tudom-e már mindazt, amire szükségem van, vagy bárminő módon igyekezett volna segítségemre sietni - ők bizony azzal se igen törődtek, hogy ott vagyok-e vagy sem.","translation":"All that I set down briefly in what follows, then, to furnish the reader with some notion of the laws of Capillária, I came to learn entirely through my own private diligence, without anyone troubling themselves as to whether I yet knew all that I needed to know, or making the least effort to hasten to my assistance — indeed, they scarcely troubled themselves as to whether I was present at all or not.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s22.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Amiket","lemma":"ami","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of összefoglalok","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"tehát","lemma":"tehát","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"therefore"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of alábbiakban","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"alábbiakban","lemma":"alábbi","morphology":"noun, inessive, plural","role":"oblique complement of összefoglalok","gloss":"in what follows"},{"surface":"röviden","lemma":"rövid","morphology":"adjective, essive, singular","role":"oblique complement of összefoglalok","gloss":"briefly"},{"surface":"összefoglalok","lemma":"összefoglal","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I summarize"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of nyújtsak","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of olvasónak","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"olvasónak","lemma":"olvasó","morphology":"noun, dative, singular","role":"oblique complement of nyújtsak","gloss":"to the reader"},{"surface":"némi","lemma":"némi","morphology":"determiner","role":"depends on fogalmat","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"fogalmat","lemma":"fogalom","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of nyújtsak","gloss":"notion"},{"surface":"nyújtsak","lemma":"nyújtsak","morphology":"verb, present, imperative, indefinite, first-person, singular","role":"depends on összefoglalok","gloss":"so that I furnish"},{"surface":"Capillária","lemma":"Capillária","morphology":"proper noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on törvényeiről","gloss":"Capillária"},{"surface":"törvényeiről","lemma":"törvény","morphology":"noun, delative, plural, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of nyújtsak","gloss":"about its laws"},{"surface":"azt","lemma":"az","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of tudtam","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"mind","lemma":"mind","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"determiner of magánszorgalomból","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"magánszorgalomból","lemma":"magánszorgalom","morphology":"noun, elative, singular","role":"oblique complement of tudtam","gloss":"out of private diligence"},{"surface":"tudtam","lemma":"tud","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, definite, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with összefoglalok","gloss":"learned"},{"surface":"meg","lemma":"meg","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on tudtam","gloss":"(completive particle)","note":"Verbal preverb marking completed/perfective action; often has no separate English word."},{"surface":"anélkül","lemma":"anélkül","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on tudtam","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of törődött","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"bárki","lemma":"bárki","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of törődött","gloss":"anyone"},{"surface":"is","lemma":"is","morphology":"adverb","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"törődött","lemma":"törődik","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on anélkül","gloss":"troubled himself"},{"surface":"volna","lemma":"volna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, conditional, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of törődött","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"vele","lemma":"vele","morphology":"pronoun, instrumental, singular","role":"oblique complement of törődött","gloss":"about it","note":"This type's surfaces mix third-person 'vele' (with her/him/it) and first-person 'velem' (with me); Capillária's own examples are all third-person 'with her,' but 'with me' must stay listed since 'velem' is a surface of this type elsewhere in the book."},{"surface":"vajon","lemma":"vajon","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on tudom","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"tudom","lemma":"tud","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, first-person, singular","role":"depends on törődött","gloss":"I know"},{"surface":"e","lemma":"-e","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on tudom","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"már","lemma":"már","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on mindazt","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"mindazt","lemma":"mindaz","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of tudom","gloss":"all that"},{"surface":"amire","lemma":"ami","morphology":"pronoun, sublative, singular","role":"oblique complement of van","gloss":"for which"},{"surface":"szükségem","lemma":"szükség","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, first-person singular possessor","role":"subject of van","gloss":"my need"},{"surface":"van","lemma":"van","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying mindazt","gloss":"need"},{"surface":"vagy","lemma":"vagy","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"bárminő","lemma":"bárminő","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on módon","gloss":"any sort of"},{"surface":"módon","lemma":"mód","morphology":"noun, superessive, singular","role":"oblique complement of igyekezett","gloss":"in a manner"},{"surface":"igyekezett","lemma":"igyekezik","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with törődött","gloss":"strove"},{"surface":"volna","lemma":"volna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, conditional, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"auxiliary of igyekezett","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"segítségemre","lemma":"segítség","morphology":"noun, sublative, singular, first-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of sietni","gloss":"to my aid"},{"surface":"sietni","lemma":"siet","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of igyekezett","gloss":"to hasten"},{"surface":"ők","lemma":"ők","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of törődtek","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"bizony","lemma":"bizony","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on törődtek","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"azzal","lemma":"az","morphology":"pronoun, instrumental, singular","role":"oblique complement of törődtek","gloss":"with that"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"adverb","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"igen","lemma":"igen","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on törődtek","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"törődtek","lemma":"törődik","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with törődött","gloss":"troubled themselves"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vagyok","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ott","lemma":"ott","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on vagyok","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"vagyok","lemma":"van","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, first-person, singular","role":"depends on törődtek","gloss":"I am"},{"surface":"e","lemma":"-e","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on vagyok","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"vagy","lemma":"vagy","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"sem","lemma":"sem","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on vagyok","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":23,"label":"23","id":"cap-chapter-4-s23","source":"Capillária, vagy a nők országa, ahogy magamban elneveztem, az Óceán fenekének körülbelül azt a területét foglalja el, mely az Egyesült Államok és Norvégia között fekszik, átlagban mintegy négyezer méternyi mélységben a víz felszíne alatt.","translation":"Capillária, or the country of women, as I named it to myself, occupies roughly that portion of the Ocean floor lying between the United States and Norway, at an average depth of some four thousand meters beneath the surface of the water.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s23.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Capillária","lemma":"Capillária","morphology":"proper noun, nominative, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Capillária"},{"surface":"vagy","lemma":"vagy","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of nők","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"nők","lemma":"nő","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"depends on országa","gloss":"women"},{"surface":"országa","lemma":"ország","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"coordinated with Capillária","gloss":"its country"},{"surface":"ahogy","lemma":"ahogy","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on elneveztem","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"magamban","lemma":"maga","morphology":"pronoun, inessive, singular, reflexive","role":"oblique complement of elneveztem","gloss":"to myself","note":"inessive reflexive of 'maga'; person varies with the surface (magamban=1sg, magában=3sg)"},{"surface":"elneveztem","lemma":"elnevez","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, definite, first-person, singular","role":"clause modifying országa","gloss":"I named"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Óceán","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Óceán","lemma":"Óceán","morphology":"proper noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on fenekének","gloss":"the Ocean"},{"surface":"fenekének","lemma":"fenek","morphology":"noun, genitive, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"subject of foglalja","gloss":"of its bottom"},{"surface":"körülbelül","lemma":"körülbelül","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on foglalja","gloss":"roughly"},{"surface":"azt","lemma":"az","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of foglalja","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of területét","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"területét","lemma":"terület","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"direct object of foglalja","gloss":"its territory"},{"surface":"foglalja","lemma":"foglal","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying Capillária","gloss":"occupies"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on foglalja","gloss":"(perfective particle)","note":"Separable verbal prefix; meaning depends on the verb it attaches to."},{"surface":"mely","lemma":"mely","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of fekszik","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Egyesült","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Egyesült","lemma":"Egyesült","morphology":"proper noun, nominative, singular","role":"oblique complement of fekszik","gloss":"United","note":"Part of 'Egyesült Államok'/'Egyesült Európai Államok', 'United States'/'United States of Europe'."},{"surface":"Államok","lemma":"Államok","morphology":"proper noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on Egyesült","gloss":"States","note":"Part of Egyesült Államok, \"United States\"."},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Norvégia","lemma":"Norvégia","morphology":"proper noun, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with Egyesült","gloss":"Norway"},{"surface":"között","lemma":"között","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Egyesült","gloss":"between"},{"surface":"fekszik","lemma":"fekszik","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on foglalja","gloss":"lies"},{"surface":"átlagban","lemma":"átlag","morphology":"noun, inessive, singular","role":"oblique complement of foglalja","gloss":"on average"},{"surface":"mintegy","lemma":"mintegy","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on négyezer","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"négyezer","lemma":"négyezer","morphology":"numeral, nominative, singular","role":"depends on méternyi","gloss":"four thousand"},{"surface":"méternyi","lemma":"méternyi","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on mélységben","gloss":"meters (in depth)"},{"surface":"mélységben","lemma":"mélység","morphology":"noun, inessive, singular","role":"oblique complement of foglalja","gloss":"at a depth"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of víz","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"víz","lemma":"víz","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on felszíne","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"felszíne","lemma":"felszín","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of foglalja","gloss":"its surface"},{"surface":"alatt","lemma":"alatt","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking felszíne","gloss":"beneath"}]},{"number":24,"label":"24","id":"cap-chapter-4-s24","source":"A meleg áramlatok talaját kiváltképpen alkalmassá teszik mindenféle állati és növényi tenyészetre - faunájának és kövületeinek tanulmányozása arra enged következtetni, hogy egyike a föld legrégibb rétegeinek, ahol már sok-sok ezer év előtt, olyan időben, mikor a szárazföldek nagy része kietlen és lakatlan, forró pusztaság volt, már gazdag és változatos formákban tenyészett az őskori állatvilág.","translation":"The warm currents render its soil peculiarly suited to every kind of animal and vegetable growth — the study of its fauna and its fossils permits the inference that it is one of the oldest strata of the earth, where, many thousands of years ago, at a time when the greater part of the dry lands was a desolate and uninhabited, burning waste, the prehistoric animal world already flourished in rich and varied forms.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s24.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"A","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of áramlatok","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"meleg","lemma":"meleg","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on áramlatok","gloss":"warm"},{"surface":"áramlatok","lemma":"áramlat","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"depends on talaját","gloss":"currents"},{"surface":"talaját","lemma":"tala","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"direct object of teszik","gloss":"its soil"},{"surface":"kiváltképpen","lemma":"kiváltképpen","morphology":"adjective, absolutive, singular","role":"depends on teszik","gloss":"especially"},{"surface":"alkalmassá","lemma":"alkalmas","morphology":"adjective, translative, singular","role":"oblique complement of teszik","gloss":"suited"},{"surface":"teszik","lemma":"tesz","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"render"},{"surface":"mindenféle","lemma":"mindenféle","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on tenyészetre","gloss":"all manner of"},{"surface":"állati","lemma":"állati","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on tenyészetre","gloss":"animal"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"növényi","lemma":"növényi","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with állati","gloss":"vegetable"},{"surface":"tenyészetre","lemma":"tenyészet","morphology":"noun, sublative, singular","role":"depends on -","gloss":"for growth"},{"surface":"faunájának","lemma":"faunáj","morphology":"noun, genitive, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of következtetni","gloss":"of its fauna"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"kövületeinek","lemma":"kövület","morphology":"noun, genitive, plural, third-person singular possessor","role":"depends on tanulmányozása","gloss":"of its fossils"},{"surface":"tanulmányozása","lemma":"tanulmányozás","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"coordinated with faunájának","gloss":"the study of it"},{"surface":"arra","lemma":"az","morphology":"pronoun, sublative, singular","role":"oblique complement of enged","gloss":"to that"},{"surface":"enged","lemma":"enged","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with teszik","gloss":"permits"},{"surface":"következtetni","lemma":"következtet","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of enged","gloss":"to infer"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on rétegeinek","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"egyike","lemma":"egyik","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"subject of rétegeinek","gloss":"one of"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of föld","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"föld","lemma":"föld","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on rétegeinek","gloss":"earth's"},{"surface":"legrégibb","lemma":"régi","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular, superlative","role":"depends on rétegeinek","gloss":"oldest"},{"surface":"rétegeinek","lemma":"réteg","morphology":"noun, dative, plural, third-person singular possessor","role":"adverbial clause on teszik","gloss":"of its strata"},{"surface":"ahol","lemma":"ahol","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on tenyészett","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"már","lemma":"már","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on tenyészett","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"sok-sok","lemma":"sok-sok","morphology":"numeral, nominative, singular","role":"compound with ezer","gloss":"many many"},{"surface":"ezer","lemma":"ezer","morphology":"numeral, nominative, singular","role":"quantifies év","gloss":"thousand"},{"surface":"év","lemma":"év","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"year(s)"},{"surface":"előtt","lemma":"előtt","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking év","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"olyan","lemma":"olyan","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on időben","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"időben","lemma":"idő","morphology":"noun, inessive, singular","role":"depends on év","gloss":"in time"},{"surface":"mikor","lemma":"mikor","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on tenyészett","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of szárazföldek","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"szárazföldek","lemma":"szárazföld","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"depends on része","gloss":"dry lands"},{"surface":"nagy","lemma":"nagy","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on része","gloss":"greater","note":"'nagy betűkkel olvasom' = 'I read in large letters' — physical size, not magnitude/greatness; a stable 'great' is wrong for this attested sense."},{"surface":"része","lemma":"rész","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"subject of tenyészett","gloss":"part of it"},{"surface":"kietlen","lemma":"kietlen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on pusztaság","gloss":"desolate"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lakatlan","lemma":"lakatlan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with kietlen","gloss":"uninhabited"},{"surface":"forró","lemma":"forró","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with lakatlan","gloss":"hot"},{"surface":"pusztaság","lemma":"pusztaság","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with része","gloss":"wasteland"},{"surface":"volt","lemma":"van","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"copula linking to pusztaság","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"már","lemma":"már","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on tenyészett","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"gazdag","lemma":"gazdag","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on formákban","gloss":"rich"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"változatos","lemma":"változatos","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with gazdag","gloss":"varied"},{"surface":"formákban","lemma":"forma","morphology":"noun, inessive, plural","role":"oblique complement of tenyészett","gloss":"in forms"},{"surface":"tenyészett","lemma":"tenyészett","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying rétegeinek","gloss":"flourished"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of állatvilág","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"őskori","lemma":"őskori","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on állatvilág","gloss":"prehistoric"},{"surface":"állatvilág","lemma":"állatvilág","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of tenyészett","gloss":"animal world"}]},{"number":25,"label":"25","id":"cap-chapter-4-s25","source":"Hogy maguk a bennszülöttek mikor vándoroltak be, vagy mióta laknak itt, arról keveset tudhattam meg - Capillária lakói, az oihá-k, ahogy magukat nevezik, nem ismerik a történelemtudományt, és a hagyományok ápolásának nem érzik szükségét.","translation":"As to when the natives themselves migrated hither, or how long they have dwelt here, I was able to learn but little — the inhabitants of Capillária, the oihas, as they call themselves, know nothing of the science of history, and feel no need to cultivate traditions.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s25.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vándoroltak","gloss":"as to"},{"surface":"maguk","lemma":"maga","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of vándoroltak","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of bennszülöttek","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"bennszülöttek","lemma":"bennszülött","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of vándoroltak","gloss":"natives"},{"surface":"mikor","lemma":"mikor","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on vándoroltak","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"vándoroltak","lemma":"vándorolik","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, plural","role":"adverbial clause on laknak","gloss":"they migrated"},{"surface":"be","lemma":"be","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on vándoroltak","gloss":"in","note":"Separable verbal prefix; meaning depends on the verb it attaches to."},{"surface":"vagy","lemma":"vagy","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"mióta","lemma":"mióta","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on laknak","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"laknak","lemma":"lakik","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"dwell"},{"surface":"itt","lemma":"itt","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on laknak","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"arról","lemma":"az","morphology":"pronoun, delative, singular","role":"oblique complement of tudhattam","gloss":"about that"},{"surface":"keveset","lemma":"kevés","morphology":"determiner, accusative","role":"direct object of tudhattam","gloss":"a little"},{"surface":"tudhattam","lemma":"tudhat","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, first-person, singular","role":"clause modifying laknak","gloss":"I was able to learn"},{"surface":"meg","lemma":"meg","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on tudhattam","gloss":"(completive particle)","note":"Verbal preverb marking completed/perfective action; often has no separate English word."},{"surface":"Capillária","lemma":"Capillária","morphology":"proper noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on lakói","gloss":"Capillária"},{"surface":"lakói","lemma":"lakó","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural, third-person singular possessor","role":"coordinated with tudhattam","gloss":"its inhabitants"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of oihá-k","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"oihá-k","lemma":"oihá-k","morphology":"word","role":"coordinated with tudhattam","gloss":"oihas","note":"Karinthy's coinage for the ruling female species of Capillária; keep the translation's term 'oihas' exactly."},{"surface":"ahogy","lemma":"ahogy","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on nevezik","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"magukat","lemma":"maga","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural, reflexive","role":"direct object of nevezik","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"nevezik","lemma":"nevez","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with tudhattam","gloss":"they call","note":"the 3pl impersonal can read as active \"they call\" or passive \"is called\"."},{"surface":"nem","lemma":"nem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ismerik","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ismerik","lemma":"ismer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with nevezik","gloss":"know","note":"Ex.1 'nem ismerik a történelemtudományt' is plain ismerni (know). Ex.2 'kevésbé ismerik fel' is felismerni (to recognize), the preverb 'fel' split off by the parser. The fixed gloss 'know' misses the second sense."},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of történelemtudományt","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"történelemtudományt","lemma":"történelemtudomány","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of ismerik","gloss":"science of history"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of hagyományok","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hagyományok","lemma":"hagyomány","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"depends on ápolásának","gloss":"traditions"},{"surface":"ápolásának","lemma":"ápolás","morphology":"noun, dative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of érzik","gloss":"of its cultivation"},{"surface":"nem","lemma":"nem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies érzik","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"érzik","lemma":"érez","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with nevezik","gloss":"they feel"},{"surface":"szükségét","lemma":"szükség","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"direct object of érzik","gloss":"the need of it"}]},{"number":26,"label":"26","id":"cap-chapter-4-s26","source":"Ami magát a fajtát illeti (nagyon nehezen tudom kifejezni, hogy megértessem magam), legfőbb sajátsága nem annyira az emberi fajtától való különbségben rejlik, hanem abban a csodálatos tényben, hogy az oihá-k mind egyneműek, mégpedig, hogy alkalmam volt meggyőződni róla, nők, vagy ha jobban tetszik, nőstények.","translation":"As to the race itself (I find it exceedingly difficult to express myself so as to be understood), its chief peculiarity lies not so much in its difference from the human race as in the marvelous fact that the oihas are all of one sex — and, as I had occasion to satisfy myself, that sex is women, or, if one prefers, females.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s26.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ami","lemma":"ami","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of illeti","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"magát","lemma":"maga","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of illeti","gloss":"itself","note":"Type mixes true accusative surfaces (magát) with a dative surface (magamnak, chapter-4-s10: 'nekik és magamnak' = 'to them and to myself') that does not belong under this morphology tag. Also, in most examples magát functions as an emphatic 'itself' before a noun (e.g. 'magát a fajtát', 'magát a tárgyat'), not as a verb's reflexive object — only cap-chapter-3-s3 ('megértetni magát' = 'make himself understood') is a true reflexive object."},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of fajtát","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"fajtát","lemma":"fajta","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of illeti","gloss":"race"},{"surface":"illeti","lemma":"illet","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on tudom","gloss":"concerns","note":"part of the fixed phrase 'ami X-et illeti' (as for X, concerning X)"},{"surface":"nagyon","lemma":"nagyon","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on nehezen","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"nehezen","lemma":"nehéz","morphology":"adjective, essive, singular","role":"depends on tudom","gloss":"with difficulty"},{"surface":"tudom","lemma":"tud","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I can"},{"surface":"kifejezni","lemma":"kifejez","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of tudom","gloss":"to express"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of megértessem","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"megértessem","lemma":"megértes","morphology":"verb, present, imperative, definite, first-person, singular","role":"clausal complement of tudom","gloss":"let me make understood"},{"surface":"magam","lemma":"maga","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular, reflexive","role":"direct object of megértessem","gloss":"myself"},{"surface":"legfőbb","lemma":"fő","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular, superlative","role":"depends on sajátsága","gloss":"chief"},{"surface":"sajátsága","lemma":"sajátság","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"subject of rejlik","gloss":"its peculiarity"},{"surface":"nem","lemma":"nem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies rejlik","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"annyira","lemma":"annyira","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on rejlik","gloss":"so much"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of fajtától","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"emberi","lemma":"emberi","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on fajtától","gloss":"human"},{"surface":"fajtától","lemma":"fajtá","morphology":"noun, ablative, singular","role":"oblique complement of való","gloss":"from the race"},{"surface":"való","lemma":"való","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on különbségben","gloss":"from","note":"Participial adjective from 'van'; its English rendering shifts widely with context (a nővel való dolgom = my affair with the woman)."},{"surface":"különbségben","lemma":"különbség","morphology":"noun, inessive, singular","role":"oblique complement of rejlik","gloss":"in the difference"},{"surface":"rejlik","lemma":"rejlik","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with tudom","gloss":"lies hidden"},{"surface":"hanem","lemma":"hanem","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but rather"},{"surface":"abban","lemma":"az","morphology":"pronoun, inessive, singular","role":"depends on tényben","gloss":"in that"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of tényben","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"csodálatos","lemma":"csodálatos","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on tényben","gloss":"marvelous"},{"surface":"tényben","lemma":"tény","morphology":"noun, inessive, singular","role":"oblique complement of rejlik","gloss":"in the fact"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of egyneműek","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of oihá-k","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"oihá-k","lemma":"oihá-k","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of egyneműek","gloss":"the oihas"},{"surface":"mind","lemma":"mind","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"all","note":"'nememről mind ez ideig semmit se tudtak' uses 'mind' idiomatically inside 'mind ez ideig' = 'until now', not the quantifier 'all'; 'az oihá-k mind egyneműek' uses 'mind' as the quantifier 'all'. The two examples are genuinely different senses."},{"surface":"egyneműek","lemma":"egynemű","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"depends on rejlik","gloss":"of one sex"},{"surface":"mégpedig","lemma":"mégpedig","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"namely"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of volt","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"alkalmam","lemma":"alkalom","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, first-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of meggyőződni","gloss":"my occasion","note":"Usually part of the idiom 'alkalmam volt' — 'I had occasion/opportunity to'."},{"surface":"volt","lemma":"van","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"depends on tudom","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"meggyőződni","lemma":"meggyőződik","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of volt","gloss":"to satisfy oneself"},{"surface":"róla","lemma":"róla","morphology":"adverb","role":"oblique complement of meggyőződni","gloss":"of it","note":"Citation form of the delative pronoun paradigm; gloss depends on the inflected person (rólam, róluk, ...)."},{"surface":"nők","lemma":"nő","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of volt","gloss":"women"},{"surface":"vagy","lemma":"vagy","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tetszik","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"jobban","lemma":"jól","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on tetszik","gloss":"better"},{"surface":"tetszik","lemma":"tetszik","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on nőstények","gloss":"pleases"},{"surface":"nőstények","lemma":"nőstény","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with nők","gloss":"females"}]},{"number":27,"label":"27","id":"cap-chapter-4-s27","source":"Mégpedig kifejezetten és fokozott mértékben csak azok; ezt azért kell hangsúlyozni sietve, nehogy a tudósok holmi egyivarú fajtára gondoljanak, melynek szaporodása az alsóbbrendű állatok módjára holmi öntermékenyítés vagy spórázás útján történik.","translation":"And moreover, expressly and to an intensified degree, only that; this must be emphasized without delay, lest the learned should suppose some single-sexed race whose propagation proceeds, after the manner of the lower animals, by some means of self-fertilization or sporulation.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s27.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Mégpedig","lemma":"mégpedig","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"namely"},{"surface":"kifejezetten","lemma":"kifejezett","morphology":"adjective, essive, singular","role":"depends on mértékben","gloss":"expressly"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fokozott","lemma":"fokozott","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with kifejezetten","gloss":"heightened"},{"surface":"mértékben","lemma":"mérték","morphology":"noun, inessive, singular","role":"oblique complement of azok","gloss":"in degree"},{"surface":"csak","lemma":"csak","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on azok","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"azok","lemma":"az","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"those"},{"surface":"ezt","lemma":"ez","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of hangsúlyozni","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"azért","lemma":"azért","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on hangsúlyozni","gloss":"for this reason"},{"surface":"kell","lemma":"kell","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying azok","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"hangsúlyozni","lemma":"hangsúlyoz","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of kell","gloss":"to emphasize"},{"surface":"sietve","lemma":"sietve","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kell","gloss":"hastily"},{"surface":"nehogy","lemma":"nehogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gondoljanak","gloss":"lest"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of tudósok","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tudósok","lemma":"tudós","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of gondoljanak","gloss":"savants"},{"surface":"holmi","lemma":"holmi","morphology":"determiner","role":"depends on fajtára","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"egyivarú","lemma":"egyivarú","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on fajtára","gloss":"single-sexed"},{"surface":"fajtára","lemma":"fajta","morphology":"noun, sublative, singular","role":"oblique complement of gondoljanak","gloss":"of a race"},{"surface":"gondoljanak","lemma":"gondol","morphology":"verb, present, imperative, indefinite, third-person, plural","role":"depends on kell","gloss":"they should suppose"},{"surface":"melynek","lemma":"mely","morphology":"pronoun, genitive, singular","role":"depends on szaporodása","gloss":"whose"},{"surface":"szaporodása","lemma":"szaporodás","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"subject of történik","gloss":"its propagation"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of állatok","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"alsóbbrendű","lemma":"alsóbbrendű","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on állatok","gloss":"lower"},{"surface":"állatok","lemma":"állat","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"depends on módjára","gloss":"animals"},{"surface":"módjára","lemma":"mód","morphology":"noun, sublative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of történik","gloss":"in the manner of"},{"surface":"holmi","lemma":"holmi","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on öntermékenyítés","gloss":"some sort of"},{"surface":"öntermékenyítés","lemma":"öntermékenyítés","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"oblique complement of történik","gloss":"self-fertilization"},{"surface":"vagy","lemma":"vagy","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"spórázás","lemma":"spórázás","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with öntermékenyítés","gloss":"sporulation"},{"surface":"útján","lemma":"útján","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking öntermékenyítés","gloss":"by means of"},{"surface":"történik","lemma":"történik","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with azok","gloss":"happens"}]},{"number":28,"label":"28","id":"cap-chapter-4-s28","source":"Erről, mint meggyőződtem róla, szó sincsen, az oihá-k szaporodása éppen úgy kétnemű, mint minden felsőbbrendű emlősállaté, csakhogy...","translation":"Of this, as I satisfied myself, there is no question whatsoever; the propagation of the oihas is every bit as two-sexed as that of every higher mammal, only that...","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s28.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Erről","lemma":"ez","morphology":"pronoun, delative, singular","role":"oblique complement of meggyőződtem","gloss":"about this"},{"surface":"mint","lemma":"mint","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of meggyőződtem","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"meggyőződtem","lemma":"meggyőződik","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I became convinced"},{"surface":"róla","lemma":"róla","morphology":"adverb","role":"oblique complement of meggyőződtem","gloss":"of it","note":"Citation form of the delative pronoun paradigm; gloss depends on the inflected person (rólam, róluk, ...)."},{"surface":"szó","lemma":"szó","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of sincsen","gloss":"matter"},{"surface":"sincsen","lemma":"sincsen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"depends on meggyőződtem","gloss":"there is not"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of szaporodása","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"oihá-k","lemma":"oihá-k","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on szaporodása","gloss":"oiha","note":"Adjectival use of Karinthy's coinage 'oiha' (e.g. oiha nyelv, 'the oiha tongue'); keep the translation's term exactly."},{"surface":"szaporodása","lemma":"szaporodás","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"coordinated with meggyőződtem","gloss":"its propagation"},{"surface":"éppen","lemma":"éppen","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on úgy","gloss":"precisely"},{"surface":"úgy","lemma":"úgy","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on meggyőződtem","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"kétnemű","lemma":"kétnemű","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with úgy","gloss":"two-sexed"},{"surface":"mint","lemma":"mint","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of emlősállaté","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"minden","lemma":"minden","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of emlősállaté","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"felsőbbrendű","lemma":"felsőbbrendű","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on emlősállaté","gloss":"superior"},{"surface":"emlősállaté","lemma":"emlősállat","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on úgy","gloss":"mammal"},{"surface":"csakhogy","lemma":"csakhogy","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on meggyőződtem","gloss":"only"}]},{"number":29,"label":"29","id":"cap-chapter-4-s29","source":"És e pontnál valamit előre kell bocsátanom, valamit meg kell magyaráznom, néhány hasonlattal kell élnem, nehogy forrón szeretett honfitársaim és imádott fajtám büszke férfiai azzal vádoljanak, hogy hamis és útleíróhoz méltatlan adatok koholásával, vagy valódi megfigyelések elferdítésével, hibás és felületes értelmezésével olyan jelenségek lehetőségét állítom, melyek mélyen sértenék a férfibüszkeség nemes kultuszát, s jogos s méltó önérzetében támadnák meg a világ urát, az alkotó és hódító férfiembert, kinek korlátlan bátorságát és tökéletességét éppen napjainkban bizonyítja diadalmasan sok dicső ütközet, ostrom, ragyogó előrenyomulás, halált megvető vitézség, ragyogó hősi halál.","translation":"And at this point I must premise something, must explain something, must have recourse to a few comparisons, lest my ardently loved countrymen, and the proud men of my beloved sex, accuse me of fabricating false data unworthy of a travel-writer, or of distorting genuine observations through faulty and superficial interpretation, so as to allege the possibility of phenomena that would deeply wound the noble cult of masculine pride, and would, in its just and rightful self-regard, assail the lord of the world — man, the creator and conqueror — whose boundless courage and perfection is even in our own day triumphantly attested by so many glorious battles, sieges, brilliant advances, valor that scorns death, and radiant heroic deaths.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s29.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"És","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"e","lemma":"e","morphology":"determiner, nominative, singular","role":"determiner of pontnál","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"pontnál","lemma":"pont","morphology":"noun, adessive, singular","role":"oblique complement of kell","gloss":"at this point"},{"surface":"valamit","lemma":"valami","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of bocsátanom","gloss":"something"},{"surface":"előre","lemma":"előre","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on bocsátanom","gloss":"beforehand"},{"surface":"kell","lemma":"kell","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"bocsátanom","lemma":"bocsáta","morphology":"verb, infinitive, singular","role":"complement of kell","gloss":"to set forth beforehand"},{"surface":"valamit","lemma":"valami","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of magyaráznom","gloss":"something"},{"surface":"meg","lemma":"meg","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on magyaráznom","gloss":"(completive particle)","note":"Verbal preverb marking completed/perfective action; often has no separate English word."},{"surface":"kell","lemma":"kell","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"depends on kell","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"magyaráznom","lemma":"magyaráz","morphology":"verb, infinitive, singular","role":"complement of kell","gloss":"to explain"},{"surface":"néhány","lemma":"néhány","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"determiner of hasonlattal","gloss":"a few"},{"surface":"hasonlattal","lemma":"hasonlat","morphology":"noun, instrumental, singular","role":"oblique complement of élnem","gloss":"with a comparison"},{"surface":"kell","lemma":"kell","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with kell","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"élnem","lemma":"él","morphology":"verb, infinitive, singular","role":"complement of kell","gloss":"to make use of"},{"surface":"nehogy","lemma":"nehogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vádoljanak","gloss":"lest"},{"surface":"forrón","lemma":"forró","morphology":"adjective, essive, singular","role":"depends on szeretett","gloss":"ardently"},{"surface":"szeretett","lemma":"szeretett","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on honfitársaim","gloss":"beloved"},{"surface":"honfitársaim","lemma":"honfitárs","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural, first-person singular possessor","role":"direct object of vádoljanak","gloss":"my countrymen"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"imádott","lemma":"imádott","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on fajtám","gloss":"adored"},{"surface":"fajtám","lemma":"fajtám","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with honfitársaim","gloss":"my kind"},{"surface":"büszke","lemma":"büszke","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on férfiai","gloss":"proud"},{"surface":"férfiai","lemma":"férfi","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural, third-person singular possessor","role":"coordinated with honfitársaim","gloss":"its men"},{"surface":"azzal","lemma":"az","morphology":"pronoun, instrumental, singular","role":"oblique complement of vádoljanak","gloss":"with that"},{"surface":"vádoljanak","lemma":"vádol","morphology":"verb, present, imperative, indefinite, third-person, plural","role":"depends on kell","gloss":"may accuse"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of állítom","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hamis","lemma":"hamis","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on adatok","gloss":"false"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"útleíróhoz","lemma":"útleíró","morphology":"noun, allative, singular","role":"coordinated with hamis","gloss":"of a travel writer"},{"surface":"méltatlan","lemma":"méltatlan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on adatok","gloss":"unworthy"},{"surface":"adatok","lemma":"adat","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"depends on koholásával","gloss":"data"},{"surface":"koholásával","lemma":"koholás","morphology":"noun, instrumental, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of állítom","gloss":"by fabricating"},{"surface":"vagy","lemma":"vagy","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"valódi","lemma":"valódi","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on megfigyelések","gloss":"true"},{"surface":"megfigyelések","lemma":"megfigyelés","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"depends on elferdítésével","gloss":"observations"},{"surface":"elferdítésével","lemma":"elferdítés","morphology":"noun, instrumental, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"coordinated with koholásával","gloss":"by distorting"},{"surface":"hibás","lemma":"hibás","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on értelmezésével","gloss":"faulty"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"felületes","lemma":"felületes","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with hibás","gloss":"superficial"},{"surface":"értelmezésével","lemma":"értelmezés","morphology":"noun, instrumental, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of állítom","gloss":"with its interpretation"},{"surface":"olyan","lemma":"olyan","morphology":"determiner, nominative, singular","role":"determiner of jelenségek","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"jelenségek","lemma":"jelenség","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"depends on lehetőségét","gloss":"phenomena"},{"surface":"lehetőségét","lemma":"lehetőség","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"direct object of állítom","gloss":"its possibility"},{"surface":"állítom","lemma":"állít","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, first-person, singular","role":"depends on kell","gloss":"I allege"},{"surface":"melyek","lemma":"mely","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of sértenék","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"mélyen","lemma":"mély","morphology":"adjective, essive, singular","role":"oblique complement of sértenék","gloss":"deeply"},{"surface":"sértenék","lemma":"sért","morphology":"verb, present, conditional, definite, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with állítom","gloss":"would wound"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of férfibüszkeség","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"férfibüszkeség","lemma":"férfibüszkeség","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on kultuszát","gloss":"male pride"},{"surface":"nemes","lemma":"nemes","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on kultuszát","gloss":"noble"},{"surface":"kultuszát","lemma":"kultusz","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"direct object of sértenék","gloss":"its cult"},{"surface":"s","lemma":"s","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"jogos","lemma":"jogos","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on önérzetében","gloss":"rightful"},{"surface":"s","lemma":"s","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"méltó","lemma":"méltó","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on önérzetében","gloss":"worthy"},{"surface":"önérzetében","lemma":"önérzet","morphology":"noun, inessive, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of támadnák","gloss":"in his self-regard"},{"surface":"támadnák","lemma":"támad","morphology":"verb, present, conditional, definite, third-person, plural","role":"coordinated with kell","gloss":"would assail"},{"surface":"meg","lemma":"meg","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on támadnák","gloss":"(completive particle)","note":"Verbal preverb marking completed/perfective action; often has no separate English word."},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of világ","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"világ","lemma":"világ","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on urát","gloss":"world"},{"surface":"urát","lemma":"úr","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"direct object of támadnák","gloss":"its lord"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of alkotó","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"alkotó","lemma":"alkotó","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on férfiembert","gloss":"creator"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hódító","lemma":"hódító","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with alkotó","gloss":"conqueror"},{"surface":"férfiembert","lemma":"férfiember","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular","role":"coordinated with urát","gloss":"the male human"},{"surface":"kinek","lemma":"ki","morphology":"pronoun, genitive, singular","role":"depends on bátorságát","gloss":"whose","note":"The first two examples are genuinely possessive ('kinek korlátlan bátorságát' = 'whose boundless courage'; 'kinek kezéért' = 'for whose hand'), but cap-chapter-9-s100 uses 'kinek' as a dative-experiencer subject in 'kinek lesz gondja az Emberiségre' = 'who, then, will have a care for Mankind' (literally 'to whom will there be care') — not 'whose'. The plain gloss 'whose' is wrong there."},{"surface":"korlátlan","lemma":"korlátlan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on bátorságát","gloss":"unlimited"},{"surface":"bátorságát","lemma":"bátorság","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"direct object of bizonyítja","gloss":"his courage"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tökéletességét","lemma":"tökéletesség","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"coordinated with bátorságát","gloss":"his perfection"},{"surface":"éppen","lemma":"éppen","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on bizonyítja","gloss":"precisely"},{"surface":"napjainkban","lemma":"nap","morphology":"noun, inessive, plural, first-person plural possessor","role":"oblique complement of bizonyítja","gloss":"in our days"},{"surface":"bizonyítja","lemma":"bizonyít","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying férfiembert","gloss":"proves"},{"surface":"diadalmasan","lemma":"diadalmas","morphology":"adjective, essive, singular","role":"depends on ütközet","gloss":"triumphantly"},{"surface":"sok","lemma":"sok","morphology":"determiner","role":"depends on dicső","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"dicső","lemma":"dicső","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on ütközet","gloss":"glorious"},{"surface":"ütközet","lemma":"ütközet","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of bizonyítja","gloss":"battle"},{"surface":"ostrom","lemma":"ostrom","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with ütközet","gloss":"siege"},{"surface":"ragyogó","lemma":"ragyogó","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on előrenyomulás","gloss":"radiant"},{"surface":"előrenyomulás","lemma":"előrenyomulás","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with ostrom","gloss":"advance"},{"surface":"halált","lemma":"halál","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of megvető","gloss":"death"},{"surface":"megvető","lemma":"megvető","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on vitézség","gloss":"scorning"},{"surface":"vitézség","lemma":"vitézség","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with ostrom","gloss":"valor"},{"surface":"ragyogó","lemma":"ragyogó","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on halál","gloss":"radiant"},{"surface":"hősi","lemma":"hősi","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on halál","gloss":"heroic"},{"surface":"halál","lemma":"halál","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with ostrom","gloss":"death"}]},{"number":30,"label":"30","id":"cap-chapter-4-s30","source":"Vajha megértenék, hogy én, a szerény utazó és seborvos, nem kívánok magamnak méltóbb hivatást, mint hogy vitéz bajtársaimat, a hős angol katonákat, néhány szerény megfigyelésemmel mulattassam a pihenés óráiban - s ha hazám szebblelkű honleányai is szívesen olvassák egyszerű útleírásomat, ezzel már többet értem el, mint amennyit megérdemeltem.","translation":"Would that they might understand that I, the humble traveler and surgeon, desire for myself no worthier calling than to divert my valiant comrades, the heroic English soldiers, with a few modest observations in their hours of rest — and if the fairer-souled daughters of my country should likewise read my simple travel-narrative with pleasure, I shall thereby have achieved more than I deserve.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s30.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vajha","lemma":"Vajha","morphology":"proper noun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of megértenék","gloss":"would that","note":"Mis-tagged as a proper noun; it is the interjection 'vajha' (would that, if only)."},{"surface":"megértenék","lemma":"megért","morphology":"verb, present, conditional, definite, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"they might understand"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kívánok","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"én","lemma":"én","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of kívánok","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of utazó","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"szerény","lemma":"szerény","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on utazó","gloss":"modest"},{"surface":"utazó","lemma":"utazó","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with én","gloss":"traveler"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"seborvos","lemma":"seborvos","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with én","gloss":"surgeon"},{"surface":"nem","lemma":"nem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kívánok","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"kívánok","lemma":"kíván","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, first-person, singular","role":"depends on megértenék","gloss":"I desire"},{"surface":"magamnak","lemma":"maga","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular, reflexive","role":"indirect object of kívánok","gloss":"myself"},{"surface":"méltóbb","lemma":"méltó","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular, comparative","role":"depends on hivatást","gloss":"more worthy"},{"surface":"hivatást","lemma":"hivatás","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of kívánok","gloss":"calling"},{"surface":"mint","lemma":"mint","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of bajtársaimat","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of bajtársaimat","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"vitéz","lemma":"vitéz","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on bajtársaimat","gloss":"valiant"},{"surface":"bajtársaimat","lemma":"bajtárs","morphology":"noun, accusative, plural, first-person singular possessor","role":"adverbial clause on kívánok","gloss":"my comrades"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of hős","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hős","lemma":"hős","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of mulattassam","gloss":"hero"},{"surface":"angol","lemma":"angol","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on katonákat","gloss":"English"},{"surface":"katonákat","lemma":"katona","morphology":"noun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of mulattassam","gloss":"soldiers"},{"surface":"néhány","lemma":"néhány","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on megfigyelésemmel","gloss":"a few"},{"surface":"szerény","lemma":"szerény","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on megfigyelésemmel","gloss":"modest"},{"surface":"megfigyelésemmel","lemma":"megfigyelés","morphology":"noun, instrumental, singular, first-person singular possessor","role":"coordinated with katonákat","gloss":"with my observations"},{"surface":"mulattassam","lemma":"mulattat","morphology":"verb, present, imperative, definite, first-person, singular","role":"clause modifying bajtársaimat","gloss":"that I may entertain"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of pihenés","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"pihenés","lemma":"pihenés","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on óráiban","gloss":"repose"},{"surface":"óráiban","lemma":"óra","morphology":"noun, inessive, plural, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of mulattassam","gloss":"in his hours"},{"surface":"s","lemma":"s","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of honleányai","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"hazám","lemma":"hazám","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, first-person singular possessor","role":"depends on honleányai","gloss":"my country"},{"surface":"szebblelkű","lemma":"szebblelkű","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on honleányai","gloss":"fairer-souled"},{"surface":"honleányai","lemma":"honleány","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural, third-person singular possessor","role":"adverbial clause on olvassák","gloss":"its patriotic daughters"},{"surface":"is","lemma":"is","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"likewise"},{"surface":"szívesen","lemma":"szívesen","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on olvassák","gloss":"with pleasure","note":"type spans positive, comparative (szívesebben) and superlative (legszívesebben) surfaces"},{"surface":"olvassák","lemma":"olvas","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, third-person, plural","role":"parallel clause to mulattassam","gloss":"they read"},{"surface":"egyszerű","lemma":"egyszerű","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on útleírásomat","gloss":"simple"},{"surface":"útleírásomat","lemma":"útleírás","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular, first-person singular possessor","role":"direct object of olvassák","gloss":"my travel account"},{"surface":"ezzel","lemma":"ez","morphology":"pronoun, instrumental, singular","role":"oblique complement of értem","gloss":"with this"},{"surface":"már","lemma":"már","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on értem","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"többet","lemma":"több","morphology":"numeral, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of értem","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"értem","lemma":"ér","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with olvassák","gloss":"I achieved"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on értem","gloss":"(perfective particle)","note":"Separable verbal prefix; meaning depends on the verb it attaches to."},{"surface":"mint","lemma":"mint","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of megérdemeltem","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"amennyit","lemma":"amennyi","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of megérdemeltem","gloss":"as much as"},{"surface":"megérdemeltem","lemma":"megérdemel","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, first-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on értem","gloss":"I deserved"}]},{"number":31,"label":"31","id":"cap-chapter-4-s31","source":"De a valósághoz ragaszkodnom kell, mert sem ékesen szóló, sem a képzelet ragyogó ajándékával megáldott nem vagyok - kárpótolnom kell hát az olvasót mindezek hiányáért azzal, hogy szerény adataim, melyeket bolyongásaim folyamán összegyűjtöttem, ha érdektelenek is, de legalább megbízhatók és bárki által ellenőrizhetők.","translation":"But I must hold fast to the truth, for I am blessed neither with eloquence nor with the brilliant gift of imagination — I must therefore make up to the reader for the want of these by assuring him that my modest data, gathered in the course of my wanderings, if uninteresting, are at least reliable, and may be verified by anyone.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s31.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of valósághoz","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"valósághoz","lemma":"valóság","morphology":"noun, allative, singular","role":"oblique complement of ragaszkodnom","gloss":"to the truth"},{"surface":"ragaszkodnom","lemma":"ragaszkodik","morphology":"verb, infinitive, singular","role":"complement of kell","gloss":"to hold fast (to)"},{"surface":"kell","lemma":"kell","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"mert","lemma":"mert","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of szóló","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"sem","lemma":"sem","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"nor","note":"used in sem...sem 'neither...nor' pairs, or after nem for 'not even'"},{"surface":"ékesen","lemma":"ékes","morphology":"adjective, essive, singular","role":"depends on szóló","gloss":"eloquently"},{"surface":"szóló","lemma":"szóló","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on kell","gloss":"speaking"},{"surface":"sem","lemma":"sem","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"nor","note":"used in sem...sem 'neither...nor' pairs, or after nem for 'not even'"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of képzelet","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"képzelet","lemma":"képzelet","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on ajándékával","gloss":"imagination"},{"surface":"ragyogó","lemma":"ragyogó","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on ajándékával","gloss":"radiant"},{"surface":"ajándékával","lemma":"ajándék","morphology":"noun, instrumental, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of megáldott","gloss":"with its gift"},{"surface":"megáldott","lemma":"megáldott","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on nem","gloss":"blessed"},{"surface":"nem","lemma":"nem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vagyok","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"vagyok","lemma":"van","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with szóló","gloss":"I am"},{"surface":"kárpótolnom","lemma":"kárpótol","morphology":"verb, infinitive, singular","role":"complement of kell","gloss":"to make up for"},{"surface":"kell","lemma":"kell","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with kell","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"hát","lemma":"hát","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kell","gloss":"therefore"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of olvasót","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"olvasót","lemma":"olvasó","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of azzal","gloss":"the reader"},{"surface":"mindezek","lemma":"mindez","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"depends on hiányáért","gloss":"all these"},{"surface":"hiányáért","lemma":"hiánya","morphology":"noun, causal-final, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"coordinated with olvasót","gloss":"for the want of it"},{"surface":"azzal","lemma":"az","morphology":"pronoun, instrumental, singular","role":"oblique complement of kell","gloss":"with that"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of összegyűjtöttem","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"szerény","lemma":"szerény","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on adataim","gloss":"modest"},{"surface":"adataim","lemma":"adat","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural, first-person singular possessor","role":"subject of összegyűjtöttem","gloss":"my data"},{"surface":"melyeket","lemma":"mely","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"depends on bolyongásaim","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"bolyongásaim","lemma":"bolyongás","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural, first-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of összegyűjtöttem","gloss":"my wanderings"},{"surface":"folyamán","lemma":"folyamán","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bolyongásaim","gloss":"in the course of"},{"surface":"összegyűjtöttem","lemma":"összegyűjtöt","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, definite, first-person, singular","role":"depends on kell","gloss":"I gathered"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"depends on kell","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"érdektelenek","lemma":"érdektelen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"depends on ha","gloss":"uninteresting"},{"surface":"is","lemma":"is","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"legalább","lemma":"legalább","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on megbízhatók","gloss":"at least"},{"surface":"megbízhatók","lemma":"megbízható","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"subject of ellenőrizhetők","gloss":"reliable"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bárki","lemma":"bárki","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"oblique complement of ellenőrizhetők","gloss":"anyone"},{"surface":"által","lemma":"által","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bárki","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"ellenőrizhetők","lemma":"ellenőrizhető","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with ha","gloss":"verifiable"}]},{"number":32,"label":"32","id":"cap-chapter-4-s32","source":"Nos tehát - még egyszer kérem a művelt férfiolvasót, próbálja meg tudományos tárgyilagossággal elgondolni a természet különös játékait s ne vegye magára, amit tanít - legyen elnézéssel a természet iránt, mely, mint tudjuk, nincsen felruházva az értelem és bölcs belátás adományával, ami a világ urát díszíti - a természet nem végzett egyetemet és neki nincs doktori diplomája, a természet műveletlen és tanulatlan és a büszke öntudat és önérzet híjával szűkölködik ő - bocsássuk meg hát neki, hogy durva és pallérozatlan tréfákat enged meg magának, s ezeket gyakran odáig viszi, hogy az már egyszerűen tiszteletlenség a nemes férfi és - mondjuk ki - az angol alkotmány és angol törvények szabványaival szemben, melyeket úgy látszik, nem is ismer.","translation":"Now then — once more I beg the cultivated male reader to endeavor to consider, with scientific objectivity, nature's peculiar sports, and not to take to himself what she teaches — let him be indulgent toward nature, which, as we know, has not been endowed with that gift of reason and wise discernment that adorns the lord of the world — nature has attended no university, and holds no doctoral diploma; nature is unlettered and untaught, and stands in want of that proud consciousness and self-regard — let us forgive her, then, for permitting herself coarse and unpolished jests, and for carrying these, on occasion, so far that they amount to nothing less than disrespect toward noble man, and — let it be said plainly — toward the standards of the English constitution and the English laws, of which she appears indeed to know nothing.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s32.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nos","lemma":"nos","morphology":"interjection","role":"modifies kérem","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"tehát","lemma":"tehát","morphology":"conjunction","role":"depends on Nos","gloss":"therefore"},{"surface":"még","lemma":"még","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kérem","gloss":"once more"},{"surface":"egyszer","lemma":"egyszer","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kérem","gloss":"once","note":"Fixed: original senses duplicated 'once'/'Once' as if distinct. 'ha egyszer az Isten... lelátogat' translates as 'if ever God... should' — a genuine third sense ('ever') in a conditional, not a capitalization variant."},{"surface":"kérem","lemma":"kér","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I beg"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of férfiolvasót","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"művelt","lemma":"művelt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on férfiolvasót","gloss":"cultivated"},{"surface":"férfiolvasót","lemma":"férfiolvasó","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of kérem","gloss":"the male reader"},{"surface":"próbálja","lemma":"próbál","morphology":"verb, present, imperative, definite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with kérem","gloss":"let him try"},{"surface":"meg","lemma":"meg","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on próbálja","gloss":"(completive particle)","note":"Verbal preverb marking completed/perfective action; often has no separate English word."},{"surface":"tudományos","lemma":"tudományos","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on tárgyilagossággal","gloss":"scientific"},{"surface":"tárgyilagossággal","lemma":"tárgyilagosság","morphology":"noun, instrumental, singular","role":"oblique complement of elgondolni","gloss":"with objectivity"},{"surface":"elgondolni","lemma":"elgondol","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of próbálja","gloss":"to consider"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of természet","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"természet","lemma":"természet","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on játékait","gloss":"nature"},{"surface":"különös","lemma":"különös","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on játékait","gloss":"strange"},{"surface":"játékait","lemma":"játék","morphology":"noun, accusative, plural, third-person singular possessor","role":"direct object of vegye","gloss":"its games"},{"surface":"s","lemma":"s","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ne","lemma":"ne","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vegye","gloss":"don't (negates an imperative/subjunctive)","note":"'ne' is the prohibitive negator used with imperative/subjunctive verb forms (ne értsen 'don't misunderstand', ne nyúljak 'let me not touch'), distinct from the statement-negator 'nem'. Glossing it as plain 'not' teaches it as a synonym of 'nem'."},{"surface":"vegye","lemma":"vesz","morphology":"verb, present, imperative, definite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with próbálja","gloss":"let him take it"},{"surface":"magára","lemma":"maga","morphology":"pronoun, sublative, singular, reflexive","role":"oblique complement of vegye","gloss":"to himself"},{"surface":"amit","lemma":"ami","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of tanít","gloss":"what","note":"Bound relative ('amit ... írtam' = 'which I wrote') but also a free relative meaning 'what' with no antecedent ('amit ... neveznek' = 'what is called', 'Amit akkor gondoltam' = 'What I thought then'); a stable 'which' teaches the wrong word for two of the four attested uses."},{"surface":"tanít","lemma":"tanít","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying vegye","gloss":"teaches"},{"surface":"legyen","lemma":"lesz","morphology":"verb, present, imperative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"determiner of elnézéssel","gloss":"let it be"},{"surface":"elnézéssel","lemma":"elnézés","morphology":"noun, instrumental, singular","role":"oblique complement of vegye","gloss":"with indulgence"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of természet","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"természet","lemma":"természet","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of próbálja","gloss":"nature"},{"surface":"iránt","lemma":"iránt","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking természet","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"mely","lemma":"mely","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of nincsen","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"mint","lemma":"mint","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of tudjuk","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"tudjuk","lemma":"tud","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, first-person, plural","role":"adverbial clause on nincsen","gloss":"we know"},{"surface":"nincsen","lemma":"nincsen","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with próbálja","gloss":"there is not"},{"surface":"felruházva","lemma":"felruházva","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on nincsen","gloss":"endowed"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of értelem","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"értelem","lemma":"értelem","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on adományával","gloss":"reason"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bölcs","lemma":"bölcs","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on belátás","gloss":"wise"},{"surface":"belátás","lemma":"belátás","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with értelem","gloss":"insight"},{"surface":"adományával","lemma":"adomány","morphology":"noun, instrumental, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of végzett","gloss":"with its gift"},{"surface":"ami","lemma":"ami","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of díszíti","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of világ","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"világ","lemma":"világ","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on urát","gloss":"world"},{"surface":"urát","lemma":"úr","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"direct object of díszíti","gloss":"its lord"},{"surface":"díszíti","lemma":"díszít","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying adományával","gloss":"adorns it"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of természet","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"természet","lemma":"természet","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of végzett","gloss":"nature"},{"surface":"nem","lemma":"nem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies végzett","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"végzett","lemma":"végez","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"depends on egyetemet","gloss":"attended"},{"surface":"egyetemet","lemma":"egyetem","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of nincs","gloss":"university"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"neki","lemma":"neki","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with egyetemet","gloss":"to her","note":"Citation form of the dative personal-pronoun paradigm; the actual gloss depends on the inflected person (nekem, neked, nekik, ...)."},{"surface":"nincs","lemma":"nincs","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"depends on próbálja","gloss":"has not"},{"surface":"doktori","lemma":"doktori","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on diplomája","gloss":"doctoral"},{"surface":"diplomája","lemma":"diploma","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"subject of nincs","gloss":"his diploma"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of természet","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"természet","lemma":"természet","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on híjával","gloss":"nature"},{"surface":"műveletlen","lemma":"műveletlen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on híjával","gloss":"unlettered"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tanulatlan","lemma":"tanulatlan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with műveletlen","gloss":"untaught"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of öntudat","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"büszke","lemma":"büszke","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on öntudat","gloss":"proud"},{"surface":"öntudat","lemma":"öntudat","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with műveletlen","gloss":"consciousness","note":"Both examples translate 'öntudat' plainly as 'consciousness' ('proud consciousness and self-regard'; 'consciousness... the sense of the self'), not 'self-consciousness' — a false-friend risk, since English 'self-consciousness' means social awkwardness/embarrassment, a different sense entirely."},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"önérzet","lemma":"önérzet","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with műveletlen","gloss":"self-regard"},{"surface":"híjával","lemma":"híj","morphology":"noun, instrumental, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of szűkölködik","gloss":"lacking"},{"surface":"szűkölködik","lemma":"szűkölködik","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with nincs","gloss":"is in want"},{"surface":"ő","lemma":"ő","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of szűkölködik","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"bocsássuk","lemma":"bocsát","morphology":"verb, present, imperative, definite, first-person, plural","role":"coordinated with kérem","gloss":"let us forgive"},{"surface":"meg","lemma":"meg","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on bocsássuk","gloss":"(completive particle)","note":"Verbal preverb marking completed/perfective action; often has no separate English word."},{"surface":"hát","lemma":"hát","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on bocsássuk","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"neki","lemma":"neki","morphology":"adverb","role":"oblique complement of bocsássuk","gloss":"to her","note":"Citation form of the dative personal-pronoun paradigm; the actual gloss depends on the inflected person (nekem, neked, nekik, ...)."},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of enged","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"durva","lemma":"durva","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on tréfákat","gloss":"coarse"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"pallérozatlan","lemma":"pallérozatlan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with durva","gloss":"unpolished"},{"surface":"tréfákat","lemma":"tréfa","morphology":"noun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of enged","gloss":"jests"},{"surface":"enged","lemma":"enged","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"depends on bocsássuk","gloss":"permits"},{"surface":"meg","lemma":"meg","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on enged","gloss":"(completive particle)","note":"Verbal preverb marking completed/perfective action; often has no separate English word."},{"surface":"magának","lemma":"maga","morphology":"pronoun, dative, singular, reflexive","role":"oblique complement of enged","gloss":"herself"},{"surface":"s","lemma":"s","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ezeket","lemma":"ez","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of viszi","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"gyakran","lemma":"gyakran","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on viszi","gloss":"often"},{"surface":"odáig","lemma":"odáig","morphology":"adverb","role":"oblique complement of viszi","gloss":"that far"},{"surface":"viszi","lemma":"visz","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with enged","gloss":"carries"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of férfi","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of tiszteletlenség","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"már","lemma":"már","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on tiszteletlenség","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"egyszerűen","lemma":"egyszerű","morphology":"adjective, essive, singular","role":"depends on tiszteletlenség","gloss":"simply"},{"surface":"tiszteletlenség","lemma":"tiszteletlenség","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of férfi","gloss":"disrespect"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of férfi","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"nemes","lemma":"nemes","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on férfi","gloss":"noble"},{"surface":"férfi","lemma":"férfi","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"clausal complement of viszi","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"mondjuk","lemma":"mond","morphology":"verb, present, imperative, definite, first-person, plural","role":"copula linking to férfi","gloss":"let's say"},{"surface":"ki","lemma":"ki","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on mondjuk","gloss":"(particle: out)","note":"Separable verbal prefix; meaning depends on the verb it attaches to."},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of alkotmány","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"angol","lemma":"angol","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on alkotmány","gloss":"English"},{"surface":"alkotmány","lemma":"alkotmány","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on törvények","gloss":"constitution"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"angol","lemma":"angol","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with alkotmány","gloss":"English"},{"surface":"törvények","lemma":"törvény","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"depends on szabványaival","gloss":"laws"},{"surface":"szabványaival","lemma":"szabvány","morphology":"noun, instrumental, plural, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of látszik","gloss":"with its standards"},{"surface":"szemben","lemma":"szemben","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking szabványaival","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"melyeket","lemma":"mely","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of látszik","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"úgy","lemma":"úgy","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on látszik","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"látszik","lemma":"látszik","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with kérem","gloss":"seems"},{"surface":"nem","lemma":"nem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ismer","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"is","lemma":"is","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on nem","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ismer","lemma":"ismer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with látszik","gloss":"knows"}]},{"number":33,"label":"33","id":"cap-chapter-4-s33","source":"Ilyen tréfák például, hogy vannak bizonyos fajták, s főként a tenger alsóbbrendű élőlényei között, melyeknek nőstényei jóval nagyobbak, fejlettebbek, mint a hímek, ellentétben minden szokással és illemmel.","translation":"Such jests, for example, are these: that there exist certain species, chiefly among the lower creatures of the sea, whose females are considerably larger and more developed than the males, contrary to all custom and propriety.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s33.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ilyen","lemma":"ilyen","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on tréfák","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"tréfák","lemma":"tréfa","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of vannak","gloss":"jests"},{"surface":"például","lemma":"például","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on vannak","gloss":"for instance"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vannak","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"vannak","lemma":"van","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"there are"},{"surface":"bizonyos","lemma":"bizonyos","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on fajták","gloss":"certain"},{"surface":"fajták","lemma":"fajta","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of vannak","gloss":"kinds"},{"surface":"s","lemma":"s","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"főként","lemma":"főként","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on nagyobbak","gloss":"chiefly"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of tenger","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tenger","lemma":"tenger","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on élőlényei","gloss":"sea"},{"surface":"alsóbbrendű","lemma":"alsóbbrendű","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on élőlényei","gloss":"lower"},{"surface":"élőlényei","lemma":"élőlény","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of nagyobbak","gloss":"its living creatures"},{"surface":"között","lemma":"között","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking élőlényei","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"melyeknek","lemma":"mely","morphology":"pronoun, genitive, plural","role":"depends on nőstényei","gloss":"whose"},{"surface":"nőstényei","lemma":"nőstény","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural, third-person singular possessor","role":"subject of nagyobbak","gloss":"its females"},{"surface":"jóval","lemma":"jóval","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on nagyobbak","gloss":"far"},{"surface":"nagyobbak","lemma":"nagy","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural, comparative","role":"coordinated with s","gloss":"bigger"},{"surface":"fejlettebbek","lemma":"fejlett","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural, comparative","role":"coordinated with nagyobbak","gloss":"more developed"},{"surface":"mint","lemma":"mint","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of szokással","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of hímek","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hímek","lemma":"hím","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"depends on mint","gloss":"males"},{"surface":"ellentétben","lemma":"ellentét","morphology":"noun, inessive, singular","role":"coordinated with hímek","gloss":"in contradiction to"},{"surface":"minden","lemma":"minden","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of szokással","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"szokással","lemma":"szokás","morphology":"noun, instrumental, singular","role":"oblique complement of vannak","gloss":"with custom"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"illemmel","lemma":"illem","morphology":"noun, instrumental, singular","role":"coordinated with szokással","gloss":"with propriety"}]},{"number":34,"label":"34","id":"cap-chapter-4-s34","source":"Van egy bizonyos tengeri pókfajta, melynek a nősténye hússzor-harmincszor akkora, mint a hím s ennek következményei gyanánt ez állatok műveletlen és - mondjuk ki nyíltan - embertelen szokása szerint gyakran, sőt, majdnem mindig megtörténik, hogy a nőstény, ha szeme elé kerül, egyszerűen bekapja és lenyeli a hímet, mely ugyancsak igyekszik elrejtőzni előle, ha fajfenntartás szükséglete rákényszeríti, hogy párját felkeresse.","translation":"There is a certain species of sea-spider whose female is twenty or thirty times the size of the male, and as a consequence of this, according to the unlettered and — let it be said openly — inhuman custom of these creatures, it frequently happens, indeed almost invariably happens, that the female, should he come within her sight, simply seizes and swallows the male whole, who for his part does his best to hide from her, whenever the necessity of propagating the species compels him to seek out his mate.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s34.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Van","lemma":"van","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"there is"},{"surface":"egy","lemma":"egy","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of pókfajta","gloss":"a certain"},{"surface":"bizonyos","lemma":"bizonyos","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on pókfajta","gloss":"certain"},{"surface":"tengeri","lemma":"tengeri","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on pókfajta","gloss":"sea"},{"surface":"pókfajta","lemma":"pókfajta","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of Van","gloss":"species of spider"},{"surface":"melynek","lemma":"mely","morphology":"pronoun, genitive, singular","role":"depends on nősténye","gloss":"whose"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of nősténye","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"nősténye","lemma":"nőstény","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"coordinated with Van","gloss":"its female"},{"surface":"hússzor-harmincszor","lemma":"hússzor-harminc","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on nősténye","gloss":"twenty to thirty times"},{"surface":"akkora","lemma":"akkora","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on nősténye","gloss":"that big"},{"surface":"mint","lemma":"mint","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of megtörténik","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of hím","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hím","lemma":"hím","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of megtörténik","gloss":"male"},{"surface":"s","lemma":"s","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ennek","lemma":"ez","morphology":"pronoun, genitive, singular","role":"depends on következményei","gloss":"of this"},{"surface":"következményei","lemma":"következmény","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural, third-person singular possessor","role":"subject of megtörténik","gloss":"its consequences"},{"surface":"gyanánt","lemma":"gyanánt","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking következményei","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"ez","lemma":"ez","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"determiner of állatok","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"állatok","lemma":"állat","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"depends on műveletlen","gloss":"animals"},{"surface":"műveletlen","lemma":"műveletlen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with következményei","gloss":"unlettered"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"mondjuk","lemma":"mond","morphology":"verb, present, imperative, definite, first-person, plural","role":"coordinated with műveletlen","gloss":"let's say"},{"surface":"ki","lemma":"ki","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on mondjuk","gloss":"(particle: out)","note":"Separable verbal prefix; meaning depends on the verb it attaches to."},{"surface":"nyíltan","lemma":"nyílt","morphology":"adjective, essive, singular","role":"depends on mondjuk","gloss":"openly"},{"surface":"embertelen","lemma":"embertelen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on szokása","gloss":"inhuman"},{"surface":"szokása","lemma":"szokás","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of gyakran","gloss":"its custom"},{"surface":"szerint","lemma":"szerint","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking szokása","gloss":"according to"},{"surface":"gyakran","lemma":"gyakran","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on következményei","gloss":"often"},{"surface":"sőt","lemma":"sőt","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"nay, more"},{"surface":"majdnem","lemma":"majdnem","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on megtörténik","gloss":"almost"},{"surface":"mindig","lemma":"mindig","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on megtörténik","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"megtörténik","lemma":"megtörténik","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with Van","gloss":"it happens"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kerül","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of nőstény","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"nőstény","lemma":"nőstény","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of kerül","gloss":"female"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kerül","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"szeme","lemma":"szem","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of kerül","gloss":"her eye"},{"surface":"elé","lemma":"elé","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking szeme","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"kerül","lemma":"kerül","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"depends on bekapja","gloss":"comes","note":"used broadly for 'enters (into)' or 'comes (to be)'."},{"surface":"egyszerűen","lemma":"egyszerű","morphology":"adjective, essive, singular","role":"depends on bekapja","gloss":"simply"},{"surface":"bekapja","lemma":"bekap","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with megtörténik","gloss":"gulps down"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lenyeli","lemma":"lenyel","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with bekapja","gloss":"swallows"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of hímet","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hímet","lemma":"hím","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of lenyeli","gloss":"the male"},{"surface":"mely","lemma":"mely","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of igyekszik","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"ugyancsak","lemma":"ugyancsak","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"likewise"},{"surface":"igyekszik","lemma":"igyekszik","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with megtörténik","gloss":"strives"},{"surface":"elrejtőzni","lemma":"elrejtőz","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of igyekszik","gloss":"to hide (oneself)"},{"surface":"előle","lemma":"előle","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on igyekszik","gloss":"from her, from before her","note":"In this example \"előle\" refers back to \"a nőstény\" (the female), from whom the male hides — translation: \"does his best to hide from her.\" The original gloss (\"from him\") pointed to the wrong referent."},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of rákényszeríti","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"fajfenntartás","lemma":"fajfenntartás","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on szükséglete","gloss":"preservation of the species"},{"surface":"szükséglete","lemma":"szükséglet","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"subject of rákényszeríti","gloss":"its need"},{"surface":"rákényszeríti","lemma":"rákényszerít","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on igyekszik","gloss":"compels"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of felkeresse","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"párját","lemma":"pár","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"direct object of felkeresse","gloss":"his mate"},{"surface":"felkeresse","lemma":"felkeret","morphology":"verb, present, imperative, definite, third-person, singular","role":"depends on rákényszeríti","gloss":"may seek out (her)"}]},{"number":35,"label":"35","id":"cap-chapter-4-s35","source":"Ugyanazt figyelték meg egy másik halfajtánál, melynek hímje a nőstényhez képest oly kicsiny, hogy tőle való félelmében állandóan a nőstény bélcsatornájának túlsó nyílásában tartózkodik, s különös szerencséjének tekinti, hogy a nőstény fajfenntartásra szükséges szervei véletlenül ugyanott vannak, és nem például a szemei között, mely esetben nem volna ideje hozzá, hogy dolgát elvégezze, mert kegyetlen és barbár párja előbb felfalná.","translation":"The same has been observed in another species of fish, whose male is so small in comparison to the female that, out of fear of her, he takes up permanent residence in the farther orifice of the female's intestinal canal, and counts it his peculiar good fortune that the organs of the female necessary for propagation happen to be situated in that very place, and not, say, between her eyes — in which case he should have no time to accomplish his business, for his cruel and barbarous mate would devour him first.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s35.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ugyanazt","lemma":"ugyanaz","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of figyelték","gloss":"the same"},{"surface":"figyelték","lemma":"figyel","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, definite, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"they observed"},{"surface":"meg","lemma":"meg","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on figyelték","gloss":"(completive particle)","note":"Verbal preverb marking completed/perfective action; often has no separate English word."},{"surface":"egy","lemma":"egy","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of halfajtánál","gloss":"another"},{"surface":"másik","lemma":"másik","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on halfajtánál","gloss":"another"},{"surface":"halfajtánál","lemma":"halfajtá","morphology":"noun, adessive, singular","role":"direct object of figyelték","gloss":"in a species of fish"},{"surface":"melynek","lemma":"mely","morphology":"pronoun, genitive, singular","role":"depends on hímje","gloss":"whose"},{"surface":"hímje","lemma":"hím","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"subject of kicsiny","gloss":"its male"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of nőstényhez","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"nőstényhez","lemma":"nőstény","morphology":"noun, allative, singular","role":"oblique complement of kicsiny","gloss":"to the female"},{"surface":"képest","lemma":"képest","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nőstényhez","gloss":"compared to"},{"surface":"oly","lemma":"oly","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kicsiny","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"kicsiny","lemma":"kicsiny","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"clause modifying halfajtánál","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tartózkodik","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"tőle","lemma":"tőle","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on tartózkodik","gloss":"of her","note":"Surfaces also include 'tőlünk' (from us), not represented in the given examples but present in this type's surface list."},{"surface":"való","lemma":"való","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on félelmében","gloss":"of","note":"Participial adjective from 'van'; its English rendering shifts widely with context (a nővel való dolgom = my affair with the woman)."},{"surface":"félelmében","lemma":"félelem","morphology":"noun, inessive, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of tartózkodik","gloss":"out of fear"},{"surface":"állandóan","lemma":"állandó","morphology":"adjective, essive, singular","role":"depends on tartózkodik","gloss":"constantly"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of nőstény","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"nőstény","lemma":"nőstény","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on bélcsatornájának","gloss":"female"},{"surface":"bélcsatornájának","lemma":"bélcsatornáj","morphology":"noun, genitive, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"depends on nyílásában","gloss":"of her intestinal canal"},{"surface":"túlsó","lemma":"túlsó","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on nyílásában","gloss":"farther"},{"surface":"nyílásában","lemma":"nyílás","morphology":"noun, inessive, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of tartózkodik","gloss":"in the opening of"},{"surface":"tartózkodik","lemma":"tartózkodik","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"depends on kicsiny","gloss":"resides"},{"surface":"s","lemma":"s","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"különös","lemma":"különös","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on szerencséjének","gloss":"strange"},{"surface":"szerencséjének","lemma":"szerencséj","morphology":"noun, dative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of tekinti","gloss":"as his good fortune"},{"surface":"tekinti","lemma":"tekint","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with kicsiny","gloss":"regards (it) as"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vannak","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of nőstény","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"nőstény","lemma":"nőstény","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on szervei","gloss":"female"},{"surface":"fajfenntartásra","lemma":"fajfenntartás","morphology":"noun, sublative, singular","role":"oblique complement of szükséges","gloss":"for propagation"},{"surface":"szükséges","lemma":"szükséges","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on szervei","gloss":"necessary"},{"surface":"szervei","lemma":"szerv","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural, third-person singular possessor","role":"subject of vannak","gloss":"her organs"},{"surface":"véletlenül","lemma":"véletlenül","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on ugyanott","gloss":"by chance"},{"surface":"ugyanott","lemma":"ugyanott","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on vannak","gloss":"in that same place"},{"surface":"vannak","lemma":"van","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, plural","role":"adverbial clause on tekinti","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"nem","lemma":"nem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ideje","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"például","lemma":"például","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on nem","gloss":"for instance"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of szemei","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"szemei","lemma":"szem","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural, third-person singular possessor","role":"coordinated with nem","gloss":"her eyes"},{"surface":"között","lemma":"között","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking szemei","gloss":"between"},{"surface":"mely","lemma":"mely","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on esetben","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"esetben","lemma":"eset","morphology":"noun, inessive, singular","role":"depends on ideje","gloss":"in the case"},{"surface":"nem","lemma":"nem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies volna","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"volna","lemma":"van","morphology":"verb, present, conditional, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"depends on ideje","gloss":"would have"},{"surface":"ideje","lemma":"idő","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of vannak","gloss":"his time"},{"surface":"hozzá","lemma":"hozzá","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on ideje","gloss":"it","note":"Citation form of the allative pronoun paradigm; gloss depends on the inflected person (hozzám, hozzánk, ...)."},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of elvégezze","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"dolgát","lemma":"dolog","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"direct object of elvégezze","gloss":"his business"},{"surface":"elvégezze","lemma":"elvégez","morphology":"verb, present, imperative, definite, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on vannak","gloss":"(that he) accomplish (it)"},{"surface":"mert","lemma":"mert","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kegyetlen","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"kegyetlen","lemma":"kegyetlen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with kicsiny","gloss":"cruel"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"barbár","lemma":"barbár","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on párja","gloss":"barbarous"},{"surface":"párja","lemma":"pár","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"subject of felfalná","gloss":"his mate"},{"surface":"előbb","lemma":"előbb","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on felfalná","gloss":"earlier"},{"surface":"felfalná","lemma":"felfal","morphology":"verb, present, conditional, definite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with kegyetlen","gloss":"would devour"}]},{"number":36,"label":"36","id":"cap-chapter-4-s36","source":"A mantis religiosa például, amit a köznép imádkozó bogár-nak vagy ájtatos kabócá-nak nevez, meg is teszi ezt: párzás közben hátrafordítja fejét, s a nála gyengébb és fejletlenebb hímnek egyszerűen leharapja és megeszi a fejét, ami ájtatosságnak legalábbis különös.","translation":"The mantis religiosa, for instance, which common folk call the praying insect, or the devout cicada, does this very thing: during mating she turns her head backward, and simply bites off and eats the head of the male, weaker and less developed than herself — which is a curious sort of devoutness, at the least.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s36.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"A","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of mantis","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mantis","lemma":"mantis","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on religiosa","gloss":"mantis","note":"Latin species name, 'mantis religiosa'."},{"surface":"religiosa","lemma":"religios","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"subject of teszi","gloss":"religiosa","note":"part of the Latin binomial \"mantis religiosa\"; left untranslated as in the source."},{"surface":"például","lemma":"például","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on teszi","gloss":"for instance"},{"surface":"amit","lemma":"ami","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of nevez","gloss":"which","note":"Bound relative ('amit ... írtam' = 'which I wrote') but also a free relative meaning 'what' with no antecedent ('amit ... neveznek' = 'what is called', 'Amit akkor gondoltam' = 'What I thought then'); a stable 'which' teaches the wrong word for two of the four attested uses."},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of köznép","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"köznép","lemma":"köznép","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on bogár-nak","gloss":"common folk"},{"surface":"imádkozó","lemma":"imádkozó","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on bogár-nak","gloss":"praying"},{"surface":"bogár-nak","lemma":"bogár-nak","morphology":"word","role":"subject of nevez","gloss":"as 'insect'"},{"surface":"vagy","lemma":"vagy","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"ájtatos","lemma":"ájtatos","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on kabócá-nak","gloss":"devout"},{"surface":"kabócá-nak","lemma":"kabócá-nak","morphology":"word","role":"oblique complement of nevez","gloss":"cicada"},{"surface":"nevez","lemma":"nevez","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying például","gloss":"calls"},{"surface":"meg","lemma":"meg","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on teszi","gloss":"(completive particle)","note":"Verbal preverb marking completed/perfective action; often has no separate English word."},{"surface":"is","lemma":"is","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on teszi","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"teszi","lemma":"tesz","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"does"},{"surface":"ezt","lemma":"ez","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of teszi","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"párzás","lemma":"párzás","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"oblique complement of hátrafordítja","gloss":"mating"},{"surface":"közben","lemma":"közben","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking párzás","gloss":"during"},{"surface":"hátrafordítja","lemma":"hátrafordít","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, third-person, singular","role":"depends on teszi","gloss":"turns backward"},{"surface":"fejét","lemma":"fej","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"direct object of hátrafordítja","gloss":"her head"},{"surface":"s","lemma":"s","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of hímnek","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"nála","lemma":"nála","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gyengébb","gloss":"than her","note":"Citation form of the adessive pronoun paradigm; also used as a comparative ('than')."},{"surface":"gyengébb","lemma":"gyenge","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular, comparative","role":"depends on hímnek","gloss":"weaker"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fejletlenebb","lemma":"fejletlen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular, comparative","role":"coordinated with gyengébb","gloss":"less developed"},{"surface":"hímnek","lemma":"hím","morphology":"noun, dative, singular","role":"depends on leharapja","gloss":"the male's","note":"External-possessor dative: 'hímnek ... a fejét' = 'the male's head' (possessor of the following possessed noun), not a directional 'to' dative."},{"surface":"egyszerűen","lemma":"egyszerű","morphology":"adjective, essive, singular","role":"oblique complement of leharapja","gloss":"simply"},{"surface":"leharapja","lemma":"leharap","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with hátrafordítja","gloss":"bites off"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"megeszi","lemma":"megesz","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with leharapja","gloss":"eats"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of fejét","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"fejét","lemma":"fej","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"direct object of megeszi","gloss":"his head"},{"surface":"ami","lemma":"ami","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of különös","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"ájtatosságnak","lemma":"ájtatosság","morphology":"noun, dative, singular","role":"oblique complement of különös","gloss":"devoutness"},{"surface":"legalábbis","lemma":"legalábbis","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on különös","gloss":"at least"},{"surface":"különös","lemma":"különös","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"adverbial clause on megeszi","gloss":"strange"}]},{"number":37,"label":"37","id":"cap-chapter-4-s37","source":"De számtalan más példát hozhatnék még fel annak igazolására, hogy az oihá-k királynőjének, Opulá-nak, akivel szerencsém lehetett e kérdésről vitatkozni egyszer, egy megjegyzése, ha nem is megbocsátható, de legalábbis érthető.","translation":"But I might adduce countless further examples to justify a certain remark of Opula, queen of the oihas, with whom I once had the good fortune to dispute on this very question — a remark which, if not forgivable, is at least understandable.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s37.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"számtalan","lemma":"számtalan","morphology":"numeral, nominative, singular","role":"depends on példát","gloss":"countless"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of példát","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"példát","lemma":"példa","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of hozhatnék","gloss":"example"},{"surface":"hozhatnék","lemma":"hozhat","morphology":"verb, present, conditional, indefinite, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I might adduce"},{"surface":"még","lemma":"még","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on fel","gloss":"further"},{"surface":"fel","lemma":"fel","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on hozhatnék","gloss":"(perfective particle)","note":"Separable verbal prefix; meaning depends on the verb it attaches to."},{"surface":"annak","lemma":"az","morphology":"pronoun, genitive, singular","role":"depends on igazolására","gloss":"of that"},{"surface":"igazolására","lemma":"igazolás","morphology":"noun, sublative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of hozhatnék","gloss":"to justify it"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vitatkozni","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of királynőjének","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"oihá-k","lemma":"oihá-k","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on királynőjének","gloss":"oiha","note":"Adjectival use of Karinthy's coinage 'oiha' (e.g. oiha nyelv, 'the oiha tongue'); keep the translation's term exactly."},{"surface":"királynőjének","lemma":"királynőj","morphology":"noun, genitive, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"subject of vitatkozni","gloss":"of the queen of"},{"surface":"Opulá-nak","lemma":"Opulá","morphology":"proper noun, genitive, singular","role":"in apposition to királynőjének","gloss":"Opula's","note":"The '-nak' suffix here does double duty: in example 1 it's a dative-marked possessor ('Opulá-nak ... egy megjegyzése' = 'a remark of Opula'), but in example 2 ('elmagyarázni Opulá-nak' = 'to explain to Opula') it is a plain dative indirect object, not possessive."},{"surface":"akivel","lemma":"aki","morphology":"pronoun, instrumental, singular","role":"oblique complement of lehetett","gloss":"with whom"},{"surface":"szerencsém","lemma":"szerencse","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, first-person singular possessor","role":"depends on lehetett","gloss":"my fortune"},{"surface":"lehetett","lemma":"lehet","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying királynőjének","gloss":"could be"},{"surface":"e","lemma":"e","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"determiner of kérdésről","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"kérdésről","lemma":"kérdés","morphology":"noun, delative, singular","role":"oblique complement of vitatkozni","gloss":"about the question"},{"surface":"vitatkozni","lemma":"vitatkozik","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on hozhatnék","gloss":"to dispute"},{"surface":"egyszer","lemma":"egyszer","morphology":"adverb","role":"oblique complement of vitatkozni","gloss":"once","note":"Fixed: original senses duplicated 'once'/'Once' as if distinct. 'ha egyszer az Isten... lelátogat' translates as 'if ever God... should' — a genuine third sense ('ever') in a conditional, not a capitalization variant."},{"surface":"egy","lemma":"egy","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of megjegyzése","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"megjegyzése","lemma":"megjegyzés","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of vitatkozni","gloss":"her remark"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of megbocsátható","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"nem","lemma":"nem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies megbocsátható","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"is","lemma":"is","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on nem","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"megbocsátható","lemma":"megbocsátható","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with vitatkozni","gloss":"forgivable"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"legalábbis","lemma":"legalábbis","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on érthető","gloss":"at least"},{"surface":"érthető","lemma":"érthető","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with megbocsátható","gloss":"understandable"}]},{"number":38,"label":"38","id":"cap-chapter-4-s38","source":"Ez a kitűnő hölgy ugyanis, aki mint valódi oiha, sem történelmet, sem hagyományt nem ismer és nem is akar ismerni, egyszer, mikor a mi történelmünkről és főként a biblia szent hagyományairól beszéltem neki - kapcsolatban az ember teremtésével - csodálkozásának adott kifejezést, hogy mi ezt szimbolikusan úgy képzeljük el, hogy előbb volt a férfi, Ádám, s ennek egyik testrészéből, vagy, ahogy a biblia mondja oldalbordájából lett a nő, Éva.","translation":"This excellent lady, then, who, as a true oiha, knows neither history nor tradition, nor wishes to know them, once, when I spoke to her of our history, and chiefly of the sacred traditions of the Bible, in connection with the creation of man — gave expression to her astonishment that we should picture this symbolically in such a fashion, that man, Adam, existed first, and that from one of his body's parts, or, as the Bible has it, from his rib, woman, Eve, was made.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s38.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ez","lemma":"ez","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"determiner of hölgy","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of hölgy","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"kitűnő","lemma":"kitűnő","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on hölgy","gloss":"excellent"},{"surface":"hölgy","lemma":"hölgy","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of beszéltem","gloss":"lady"},{"surface":"ugyanis","lemma":"ugyanis","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"aki","lemma":"aki","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of oiha","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"mint","lemma":"mint","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of oiha","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"valódi","lemma":"valódi","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on oiha","gloss":"true"},{"surface":"oiha","lemma":"oiha","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with hölgy","gloss":"oiha","note":"Karinthy's coined name for the dominant female inhabitants of Capillária; the translation leaves it untranslated."},{"surface":"sem","lemma":"sem","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"nor","note":"used in sem...sem 'neither...nor' pairs, or after nem for 'not even'"},{"surface":"történelmet","lemma":"történelem","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular","role":"coordinated with sem","gloss":"history"},{"surface":"sem","lemma":"sem","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"nor","note":"used in sem...sem 'neither...nor' pairs, or after nem for 'not even'"},{"surface":"hagyományt","lemma":"hagyomány","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of ismer","gloss":"tradition"},{"surface":"nem","lemma":"nem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ismer","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ismer","lemma":"ismer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with sem","gloss":"knows"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"nem","lemma":"nem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies akar","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"is","lemma":"is","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on nem","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"akar","lemma":"akar","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with hölgy","gloss":"wants"},{"surface":"ismerni","lemma":"ismer","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of akar","gloss":"to know"},{"surface":"egyszer","lemma":"egyszer","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on beszéltem","gloss":"once","note":"Fixed: original senses duplicated 'once'/'Once' as if distinct. 'ha egyszer az Isten... lelátogat' translates as 'if ever God... should' — a genuine third sense ('ever') in a conditional, not a capitalization variant."},{"surface":"mikor","lemma":"mikor","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on történelmünkről","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of történelmünkről","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mi","lemma":"mi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"determiner of történelmünkről","gloss":"our","note":"'a mi szerelmünk' = 'our love' — 'mi' functions as a possessive determiner before a possessed noun, not the subject pronoun 'we'; a stable gloss misses this genuinely distinct reading."},{"surface":"történelmünkről","lemma":"történelmünk","morphology":"noun, delative, singular","role":"coordinated with egyszer","gloss":"about our history"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"főként","lemma":"főként","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with egyszer","gloss":"chiefly"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of biblia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"biblia","lemma":"biblia","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on hagyományairól","gloss":"Bible"},{"surface":"szent","lemma":"szent","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on hagyományairól","gloss":"sacred"},{"surface":"hagyományairól","lemma":"hagyomány","morphology":"noun, delative, plural, third-person singular possessor","role":"direct object of beszéltem","gloss":"about its traditions"},{"surface":"beszéltem","lemma":"beszél","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"I spoke"},{"surface":"neki","lemma":"neki","morphology":"adverb","role":"oblique complement of beszéltem","gloss":"to her","note":"Citation form of the dative personal-pronoun paradigm; the actual gloss depends on the inflected person (nekem, neked, nekik, ...)."},{"surface":"kapcsolatban","lemma":"kapcsolat","morphology":"noun, inessive, singular","role":"oblique complement of adott","gloss":"in connection"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of ember","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ember","lemma":"ember","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on teremtésével","gloss":"man","note":"Central to the book's conceit: ember (human/person) is contrasted with férfi (male man); translation sometimes renders it as 'man' generically."},{"surface":"teremtésével","lemma":"teremtés","morphology":"noun, instrumental, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of adott","gloss":"with the creation of it"},{"surface":"csodálkozásának","lemma":"csodálkozás","morphology":"noun, dative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of adott","gloss":"her astonishment"},{"surface":"adott","lemma":"ad","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"depends on kifejezést","gloss":"gave"},{"surface":"kifejezést","lemma":"kifejezés","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of beszéltem","gloss":"expression"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of képzeljük","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"mi","lemma":"mi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of képzeljük","gloss":"we","note":"'a mi szerelmünk' = 'our love' — 'mi' functions as a possessive determiner before a possessed noun, not the subject pronoun 'we'; a stable gloss misses this genuinely distinct reading."},{"surface":"ezt","lemma":"ez","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of képzeljük","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"szimbolikusan","lemma":"szimbolikus","morphology":"adjective, essive, singular","role":"depends on képzeljük","gloss":"symbolically"},{"surface":"úgy","lemma":"úgy","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on képzeljük","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"képzeljük","lemma":"képzel","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, first-person, plural","role":"clause modifying kifejezést","gloss":"we picture"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on képzeljük","gloss":"(perfective particle)","note":"Separable verbal prefix; meaning depends on the verb it attaches to."},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of volt","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"előbb","lemma":"előbb","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on volt","gloss":"earlier"},{"surface":"volt","lemma":"van","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on képzeljük","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of férfi","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"férfi","lemma":"férfi","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on testrészéből","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"Ádám","lemma":"Ádám","morphology":"proper noun, nominative, singular","role":"in apposition to férfi","gloss":"Adam"},{"surface":"s","lemma":"s","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ennek","lemma":"ez","morphology":"pronoun, genitive, singular","role":"depends on testrészéből","gloss":"of this"},{"surface":"egyik","lemma":"egyik","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"determiner of testrészéből","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"testrészéből","lemma":"testrész","morphology":"noun, elative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"subject of volt","gloss":"from one of his body parts"},{"surface":"vagy","lemma":"van","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, second-person, singular","role":"depends on volt","gloss":"or","note":"Surface 'vagy' is also the ordinary conjunction 'or', which is homographic with the 2nd-person singular of van. Example 1's only 'vagy' ('ennek egyik testrészéből, vagy, ahogy a biblia mondja, oldalbordájából' = '...or, as the Bible has it, from his rib...') is the conjunction, not the verb — glossing it 'you are' is wrong. Example 2 also contains a 'vagy' used as 'or' ('vagy az \"én lábam\"' = 'or my leg')."},{"surface":"ahogy","lemma":"ahogy","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on lett","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of biblia","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"biblia","lemma":"biblia","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of mondja","gloss":"Bible"},{"surface":"mondja","lemma":"mond","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, third-person, singular","role":"depends on oldalbordájából","gloss":"says it"},{"surface":"oldalbordájából","lemma":"oldalbordáj","morphology":"noun, elative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of lett","gloss":"from his rib"},{"surface":"lett","lemma":"lesz","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"depends on volt","gloss":"was made"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of nő","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"nő","lemma":"nő","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of lett","gloss":"woman"},{"surface":"Éva","lemma":"Éva","morphology":"proper noun, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with lett","gloss":"Eve"}]},{"number":39,"label":"39","id":"cap-chapter-4-s39","source":"Ez a szimbólum, szerinte, ellentétben áll a természet tanításával, és minden tapasztalattal.","translation":"This symbol, in her opinion, stood in contradiction to the teaching of nature, and to all experience.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s39.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ez","lemma":"ez","morphology":"determiner, nominative, singular","role":"subject of szimbólum","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of szimbólum","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"szimbólum","lemma":"szimbólum","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"symbol"},{"surface":"szerinte","lemma":"szerinte","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on szimbólum","gloss":"in her opinion","note":"Covers both 'szerinte' (his/her view) and 'szerintük' (their view)."},{"surface":"ellentétben","lemma":"ellentét","morphology":"noun, inessive, singular","role":"oblique complement of áll","gloss":"in contradiction to"},{"surface":"áll","lemma":"áll","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying szerinte","gloss":"stands"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of természet","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"természet","lemma":"természet","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on tanításával","gloss":"nature"},{"surface":"tanításával","lemma":"tanítás","morphology":"noun, instrumental, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of áll","gloss":"with its teaching"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"minden","lemma":"minden","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"determiner of tapasztalattal","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"tapasztalattal","lemma":"tapasztalat","morphology":"noun, instrumental, singular","role":"coordinated with tanításával","gloss":"with experience"}]},{"number":40,"label":"40","id":"cap-chapter-4-s40","source":"Ő, éppen ellenkezően, ha már ilyen haszontalan dologgal foglalkoznék - bár eddig ennek semmi szükségét nem érezte -, inkább úgy képzelné el a dolgot, ahogy egyedül lehetséges: hogy tudniillik kezdetben volt az Oiha (az ő nyelvükön ez Embert, a Természet Tökélyét és még ennél is többet jelent), olyanféle lény, mint ők, mely önmagától termékenyült és szaporodott, mint ahogy sok kezdetleges fajtánál még ma is látjuk.","translation":"She, quite to the contrary, were she ever to occupy herself with so idle a matter — though hitherto she had felt no need of it — would rather picture the thing in the only way it could possibly be: namely, that in the beginning was the Oiha (in their own tongue this signifies Man, the Perfection of Nature, and even more than this), a being of their own kind, who was fertilized by herself and propagated, just as we still see today among many primitive species.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s40.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ő","lemma":"ő","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of foglalkoznék","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"éppen","lemma":"éppen","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on ellenkezően","gloss":"precisely"},{"surface":"ellenkezően","lemma":"ellenkező","morphology":"adjective, essive, singular","role":"depends on foglalkoznék","gloss":"on the contrary"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of foglalkoznék","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"már","lemma":"már","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on foglalkoznék","gloss":"ever"},{"surface":"ilyen","lemma":"ilyen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on dologgal","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"haszontalan","lemma":"haszontalan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on dologgal","gloss":"useless"},{"surface":"dologgal","lemma":"dolog","morphology":"noun, instrumental, singular","role":"oblique complement of foglalkoznék","gloss":"with matters"},{"surface":"foglalkoznék","lemma":"foglalkozik","morphology":"verb, present, conditional, indefinite, first-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"were I to occupy myself"},{"surface":"bár","lemma":"bár","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of érezte","gloss":"although"},{"surface":"eddig","lemma":"eddig","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on érezte","gloss":"until now"},{"surface":"ennek","lemma":"ez","morphology":"pronoun, genitive, singular","role":"depends on szükségét","gloss":"of this"},{"surface":"semmi","lemma":"semmi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on szükségét","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"szükségét","lemma":"szükség","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"direct object of érezte","gloss":"the need of it"},{"surface":"nem","lemma":"nem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies érezte","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"érezte","lemma":"érez","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, definite, third-person, singular","role":"parallel clause to foglalkoznék","gloss":"felt"},{"surface":"inkább","lemma":"inkább","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on képzelné","gloss":"rather"},{"surface":"úgy","lemma":"úgy","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on képzelné","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"képzelné","lemma":"képzel","morphology":"verb, present, conditional, definite, third-person, singular","role":"depends on foglalkoznék","gloss":"would picture"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on képzelné","gloss":"(perfective particle)","note":"Separable verbal prefix; meaning depends on the verb it attaches to."},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of dolgot","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"dolgot","lemma":"dolog","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of képzelné","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"ahogy","lemma":"ahogy","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on lehetséges","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"egyedül","lemma":"egyedül","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on lehetséges","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"lehetséges","lemma":"lehetséges","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"adverbial clause on képzelné","gloss":"possible"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of volt","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"tudniillik","lemma":"tudniillik","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"namely"},{"surface":"kezdetben","lemma":"kezdet","morphology":"noun, inessive, singular","role":"oblique complement of volt","gloss":"in the beginning"},{"surface":"volt","lemma":"van","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"depends on lehetséges","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Oiha","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Oiha","lemma":"Oiha","morphology":"proper noun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of volt","gloss":"Oiha"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of ő","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ő","lemma":"ő","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on nyelvükön","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"nyelvükön","lemma":"nyelv","morphology":"noun, superessive, singular, third-person plural possessor","role":"parallel clause to volt","gloss":"in their language"},{"surface":"ez","lemma":"ez","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"determiner of Embert","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Embert","lemma":"Ember","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of volt","gloss":"Man"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Természet","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Természet","lemma":"Természet","morphology":"proper noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on jelent","gloss":"Nature"},{"surface":"Tökélyét","lemma":"Tökély","morphology":"proper noun, accusative, singular","role":"depends on Természet","gloss":"Perfection"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"még","lemma":"még","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on ennél","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"ennél","lemma":"ez","morphology":"pronoun, adessive, singular","role":"oblique complement of jelent","gloss":"than this"},{"surface":"is","lemma":"is","morphology":"adverb","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"többet","lemma":"több","morphology":"numeral, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of jelent","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"jelent","lemma":"jelent","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with volt","gloss":"means"},{"surface":"olyanféle","lemma":"olyanféle","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on lény","gloss":"such a one"},{"surface":"lény","lemma":"lény","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of volt","gloss":"being"},{"surface":"mint","lemma":"mint","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ők","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"ők","lemma":"ők","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with volt","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"mely","lemma":"mely","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of termékenyült","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"önmagától","lemma":"önmaga","morphology":"noun, ablative, singular","role":"oblique complement of termékenyült","gloss":"by herself"},{"surface":"termékenyült","lemma":"termékenyült","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying ők","gloss":"was fertilized"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"szaporodott","lemma":"szaporodik","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with volt","gloss":"propagated"},{"surface":"mint","lemma":"mint","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of látjuk","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"ahogy","lemma":"ahogy","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on látjuk","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"sok","lemma":"sok","morphology":"numeral, nominative, singular","role":"determiner of fajtánál","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"kezdetleges","lemma":"kezdetleges","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on fajtánál","gloss":"rudimentary"},{"surface":"fajtánál","lemma":"fajtá","morphology":"noun, adessive, singular","role":"oblique complement of látjuk","gloss":"among the species"},{"surface":"még","lemma":"még","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on látjuk","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"ma","lemma":"ma","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on látjuk","gloss":"today"},{"surface":"is","lemma":"is","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"látjuk","lemma":"lát","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, first-person, plural","role":"coordinated with volt","gloss":"we see"}]},{"number":41,"label":"41","id":"cap-chapter-4-s41","source":"Dicsőbb, kényelmi és főként (ez náluk a legfontosabb szempont) szépészeti okokból az ős-oiha, azaz a mi nyelvünkön ős-nőstény, egy bizonyos kényelmetlen és rút szervét, mely az öntermékenyítést végezte saját testén belül, kiküszöbölte és végül teljesen leválasztotta testéről - s azóta ez a szerv, amit mi nagyképűen és elbizakodottan hím-nek nevezünk, holott nem más, mint egy különélő testrésze a nőnek: ez a testrész afféle élősdi módjára ott él az oiha környezetében, önálló szerepkör nélkül, örökös, tudatlan és tehetetlen sóvárgásban, hogy ismét egyesüljön a testtel, melyből mint méltatlan, kiszakadt és kitagadtatott.","translation":"For reasons more glorious, more convenient, and chiefly — for this is to them the foremost consideration — more aesthetic, the primal oiha, that is, in our own tongue the primal female, eliminated a certain uncomfortable and unsightly organ, which performed the office of self-fertilization within her own body, and in time detached it altogether from her frame — and ever since, this organ, which we, with great pomposity and presumption, call the male, being nothing other than a separate part of the body of the female: this member lives on, after the manner of some sort of parasite, in the vicinity of the oiha, possessed of no independent function, in an eternal, ignorant, and helpless yearning to be reunited once more with the body from which, as unworthy, it was torn away and disowned.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s41.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dicsőbb","lemma":"dicső","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular, comparative","role":"subject of kiküszöbölte","gloss":"more glorious"},{"surface":"kényelmi","lemma":"kényelmi","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with Dicsőbb","gloss":"of convenience"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"főként","lemma":"főként","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with Dicsőbb","gloss":"chiefly"},{"surface":"ez","lemma":"ez","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of ős-oiha","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"náluk","lemma":"nála","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on ős-oiha","gloss":"them","note":"Citation form of the adessive pronoun paradigm; also used as a comparative ('than')."},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of szempont","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"legfontosabb","lemma":"fontos","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular, superlative","role":"depends on szempont","gloss":"most important"},{"surface":"szempont","lemma":"szempont","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"modifies ős-oiha","gloss":"consideration"},{"surface":"szépészeti","lemma":"szépészeti","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on okokból","gloss":"aesthetic"},{"surface":"okokból","lemma":"ok","morphology":"noun, elative, plural","role":"oblique complement of ős-oiha","gloss":"for reasons"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of ős-oiha","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ős-oiha","lemma":"ős-oiha","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"adverbial clause on Dicsőbb","gloss":"primal oiha"},{"surface":"azaz","lemma":"azaz","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"that is"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of mi","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mi","lemma":"mi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with Dicsőbb","gloss":"our","note":"'a mi szerelmünk' = 'our love' — 'mi' functions as a possessive determiner before a possessed noun, not the subject pronoun 'we'; a stable gloss misses this genuinely distinct reading."},{"surface":"nyelvünkön","lemma":"nyelv","morphology":"noun, superessive, singular, first-person plural possessor","role":"coordinated with Dicsőbb","gloss":"in our language"},{"surface":"ős-nőstény","lemma":"ős-nőstény","morphology":"word","role":"coordinated with Dicsőbb","gloss":"primal female"},{"surface":"egy","lemma":"egy","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of kényelmetlen","gloss":"a certain"},{"surface":"bizonyos","lemma":"bizonyos","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on kényelmetlen","gloss":"certain"},{"surface":"kényelmetlen","lemma":"kényelmetlen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on szervét","gloss":"uncomfortable"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"rút","lemma":"rút","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with kényelmetlen","gloss":"ugly"},{"surface":"szervét","lemma":"szerv","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"direct object of ős-nőstény","gloss":"her organ"},{"surface":"mely","lemma":"mely","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of végezte","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of öntermékenyítést","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"öntermékenyítést","lemma":"öntermékenyítés","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of végezte","gloss":"self-fertilization"},{"surface":"végezte","lemma":"végez","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, definite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with Dicsőbb","gloss":"performed"},{"surface":"saját","lemma":"saját","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on testén","gloss":"own"},{"surface":"testén","lemma":"test","morphology":"noun, superessive, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of végezte","gloss":"on his body"},{"surface":"belül","lemma":"belül","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking testén","gloss":"within"},{"surface":"kiküszöbölte","lemma":"kiküszöböl","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, definite, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"eliminated"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"végül","lemma":"végül","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on leválasztotta","gloss":"at last"},{"surface":"teljesen","lemma":"teljes","morphology":"adjective, essive, singular","role":"depends on leválasztotta","gloss":"completely"},{"surface":"leválasztotta","lemma":"leválaszt","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, definite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with kiküszöbölte","gloss":"detached (it)"},{"surface":"testéről","lemma":"test","morphology":"noun, delative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of leválasztotta","gloss":"from his body"},{"surface":"s","lemma":"s","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"azóta","lemma":"azóta","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on szerv","gloss":"since then"},{"surface":"ez","lemma":"ez","morphology":"determiner, nominative, singular","role":"subject of szerv","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of szerv","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"szerv","lemma":"szerv","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with kiküszöbölte","gloss":"organ"},{"surface":"amit","lemma":"ami","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of nevezünk","gloss":"which","note":"Bound relative ('amit ... írtam' = 'which I wrote') but also a free relative meaning 'what' with no antecedent ('amit ... neveznek' = 'what is called', 'Amit akkor gondoltam' = 'What I thought then'); a stable 'which' teaches the wrong word for two of the four attested uses."},{"surface":"mi","lemma":"mi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of nevezünk","gloss":"we","note":"'a mi szerelmünk' = 'our love' — 'mi' functions as a possessive determiner before a possessed noun, not the subject pronoun 'we'; a stable gloss misses this genuinely distinct reading."},{"surface":"nagyképűen","lemma":"nagyképű","morphology":"adjective, essive, singular","role":"depends on elbizakodottan","gloss":"pompously"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"elbizakodottan","lemma":"elbizakodott","morphology":"adjective, essive, singular","role":"depends on nevezünk","gloss":"presumptuously"},{"surface":"hím-nek","lemma":"hím-nek","morphology":"noun, dative, singular","role":"oblique complement of nevezünk","gloss":"the male"},{"surface":"nevezünk","lemma":"nevez","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, first-person, plural","role":"clause modifying szerv","gloss":"we call"},{"surface":"holott","lemma":"holott","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"whereas"},{"surface":"nem","lemma":"nem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies más","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"más","lemma":"más","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with nevezünk","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"mint","lemma":"mint","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of testrésze","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"egy","lemma":"egy","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of testrésze","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"különélő","lemma":"különélő","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on testrésze","gloss":"separate"},{"surface":"testrésze","lemma":"testrész","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"adverbial clause on más","gloss":"her body part"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of nőnek","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"nőnek","lemma":"nő","morphology":"noun, genitive, singular","role":"depends on testrésze","gloss":"woman's"},{"surface":"ez","lemma":"ez","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of él","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of testrész","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"testrész","lemma":"testrész","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on módjára","gloss":"body part"},{"surface":"afféle","lemma":"afféle","morphology":"determiner, nominative, singular","role":"determiner of élősdi","gloss":"a sort of"},{"surface":"élősdi","lemma":"élősdi","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"depends on módjára","gloss":"parasites"},{"surface":"módjára","lemma":"mód","morphology":"noun, sublative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of él","gloss":"in the manner of"},{"surface":"ott","lemma":"ott","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on él","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"parallel clause to testrésze","gloss":"lives"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of oiha","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"oiha","lemma":"oiha","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on környezetében","gloss":"oiha","note":"Karinthy's coined name for the dominant female inhabitants of Capillária; the translation leaves it untranslated."},{"surface":"környezetében","lemma":"környezet","morphology":"noun, inessive, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of él","gloss":"in her vicinity"},{"surface":"önálló","lemma":"önálló","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on szerepkör","gloss":"independent"},{"surface":"szerepkör","lemma":"szerepkör","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of él","gloss":"role, function"},{"surface":"nélkül","lemma":"nélkül","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking szerepkör","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"örökös","lemma":"örökös","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on sóvárgásban","gloss":"eternal"},{"surface":"tudatlan","lemma":"tudatlan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with örökös","gloss":"ignorant"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tehetetlen","lemma":"tehetetlen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with örökös","gloss":"helpless"},{"surface":"sóvárgásban","lemma":"sóvárgás","morphology":"noun, inessive, singular","role":"oblique complement of él","gloss":"in longing"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of egyesüljön","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ismét","lemma":"ismét","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on egyesüljön","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"egyesüljön","lemma":"egyesül","morphology":"verb, present, imperative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on él","gloss":"let it unite"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of testtel","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"testtel","lemma":"test","morphology":"noun, instrumental, singular","role":"oblique complement of egyesüljön","gloss":"with the body"},{"surface":"melyből","lemma":"mely","morphology":"pronoun, elative, singular","role":"oblique complement of kiszakadt","gloss":"from which"},{"surface":"mint","lemma":"mint","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of méltatlan","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"méltatlan","lemma":"méltatlan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"adverbial clause on kiszakadt","gloss":"unworthy"},{"surface":"kiszakadt","lemma":"kiszakad","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"clause modifying testtel","gloss":"was torn away"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"kitagadtatott","lemma":"kitagadtat","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with kiszakadt","gloss":"was disowned"}]},{"number":42,"label":"42","id":"cap-chapter-4-s42","source":"Meg kell adni, hogy a királynőnek ezt a szörnyű és tiszteletlen tévedését érthetővé teszi az a tény, amit majd a következő fejezetben fejtek ki bővebben, s amit itt szárazon és egyszerűen leszögezek.","translation":"It must be granted that this terrible and disrespectful error of the queen's is rendered comprehensible by a fact which I shall set forth more fully in the following chapter, and which I here set down baldly and simply.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s42.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Meg","lemma":"meg","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on adni","gloss":"(completive particle)","note":"Verbal preverb marking completed/perfective action; often has no separate English word."},{"surface":"kell","lemma":"kell","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"adni","lemma":"ad","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"complement of kell","gloss":"to give"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of teszi","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of királynőnek","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"királynőnek","lemma":"királynő","morphology":"noun, dative, singular","role":"depends on tévedését","gloss":"to the queen"},{"surface":"ezt","lemma":"ez","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"determiner of tévedését","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of tévedését","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"szörnyű","lemma":"szörnyű","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on tévedését","gloss":"terrible"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tiszteletlen","lemma":"tiszteletlen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with szörnyű","gloss":"disrespectful"},{"surface":"tévedését","lemma":"tévedés","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"direct object of teszi","gloss":"her error"},{"surface":"érthetővé","lemma":"érthető","morphology":"adjective, translative, singular","role":"oblique complement of teszi","gloss":"comprehensible"},{"surface":"teszi","lemma":"tesz","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, third-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on kell","gloss":"renders"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of tény","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of tény","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tény","lemma":"tény","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of teszi","gloss":"fact"},{"surface":"amit","lemma":"ami","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of fejtek","gloss":"which","note":"Bound relative ('amit ... írtam' = 'which I wrote') but also a free relative meaning 'what' with no antecedent ('amit ... neveznek' = 'what is called', 'Amit akkor gondoltam' = 'What I thought then'); a stable 'which' teaches the wrong word for two of the four attested uses."},{"surface":"majd","lemma":"majd","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on fejtek","gloss":"later"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of fejezetben","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"következő","lemma":"következő","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on fejezetben","gloss":"next"},{"surface":"fejezetben","lemma":"fejezet","morphology":"noun, inessive, singular","role":"oblique complement of fejtek","gloss":"in the chapter"},{"surface":"fejtek","lemma":"fejt","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, first-person, singular","role":"clause modifying tény","gloss":"I set forth"},{"surface":"ki","lemma":"ki","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on fejtek","gloss":"forth","note":"Separable verbal prefix; meaning depends on the verb it attaches to."},{"surface":"bővebben","lemma":"bő","morphology":"adjective, essive, singular, comparative","role":"oblique complement of fejtek","gloss":"more fully"},{"surface":"s","lemma":"s","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"amit","lemma":"ami","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of leszögezek","gloss":"which","note":"Bound relative ('amit ... írtam' = 'which I wrote') but also a free relative meaning 'what' with no antecedent ('amit ... neveznek' = 'what is called', 'Amit akkor gondoltam' = 'What I thought then'); a stable 'which' teaches the wrong word for two of the four attested uses."},{"surface":"itt","lemma":"itt","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on leszögezek","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"szárazon","lemma":"száraz","morphology":"adjective, essive, singular","role":"depends on leszögezek","gloss":"drily"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"egyszerűen","lemma":"egyszerű","morphology":"adjective, essive, singular","role":"depends on leszögezek","gloss":"simply"},{"surface":"leszögezek","lemma":"leszögez","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with teszi","gloss":"I state/set down"}]},{"number":43,"label":"43","id":"cap-chapter-4-s43","source":"Arról van szó, hogy Capilláriában a hím, a másik nem, mely nálunk uralkodó: tökéletesen visszafejlődött, elcsökevényesedett kis szörnyszülött, megvetett és lenézett kis háziállat formájában él - teste nincs ötvenedrésze sem az oiha testének s élete kényre-kedvre ki van szolgáltatva az oihá-nak.","translation":"It is this: that in Capillária the male, the other sex, which among us holds dominion, exists in a form utterly degenerate, a stunted and dwindled little monstrosity, in the shape of a despised and scorned little domestic animal — his body not one fiftieth the size of the oiha's, and his life given over, wholly at her mercy and pleasure, to the oiha.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s43.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Arról","lemma":"az","morphology":"pronoun, delative, singular","role":"oblique complement of van","gloss":"about that"},{"surface":"van","lemma":"van","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"szó","lemma":"szó","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of van","gloss":"matter"},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of uralkodó","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Capilláriában","lemma":"Capillária","morphology":"proper noun, inessive, singular","role":"oblique complement of uralkodó","gloss":"in Capillária"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of hím","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hím","lemma":"hím","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with Capilláriában","gloss":"male"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of másik","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"másik","lemma":"másik","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with hím","gloss":"the other"},{"surface":"nem","lemma":"nem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies uralkodó","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"mely","lemma":"mely","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"subject of uralkodó","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"nálunk","lemma":"nála","morphology":"adverb","role":"oblique complement of uralkodó","gloss":"us","note":"Citation form of the adessive pronoun paradigm; also used as a comparative ('than')."},{"surface":"uralkodó","lemma":"uralkodó","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with van","gloss":"ruler"},{"surface":"tökéletesen","lemma":"tökéletes","morphology":"adjective, essive, singular","role":"depends on visszafejlődött","gloss":"perfectly"},{"surface":"visszafejlődött","lemma":"visszafejlődik","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"parallel clause to uralkodó","gloss":"degenerated"},{"surface":"elcsökevényesedett","lemma":"elcsökevényesedett","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"depends on szörnyszülött","gloss":"stunted, dwindled","note":"Example uses this as an attributive participle modifying \"szörnyszülött\" (\"a stunted, dwindled little monstrosity\"), not as a predicate verb (\"it became stunted\"); parser tagged it as a finite verb but it functions adjectivally here, same as the sibling adjective entry."},{"surface":"kis","lemma":"kis","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on szörnyszülött","gloss":"little"},{"surface":"szörnyszülött","lemma":"szörnyszülött","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with uralkodó","gloss":"monstrous"},{"surface":"megvetett","lemma":"megvetett","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with szörnyszülött","gloss":"despised"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lenézett","lemma":"lenézett","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with megvetett","gloss":"despised"},{"surface":"kis","lemma":"kis","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on háziállat","gloss":"little"},{"surface":"háziállat","lemma":"háziállat","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on formájában","gloss":"domestic animal"},{"surface":"formájában","lemma":"forma","morphology":"noun, inessive, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of él","gloss":"in the form of"},{"surface":"él","lemma":"él","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"parallel clause to teste","gloss":"lives"},{"surface":"teste","lemma":"test","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"subject of nincs","gloss":"his body"},{"surface":"nincs","lemma":"nincs","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"depends on ötvenedrésze","gloss":"is not"},{"surface":"ötvenedrésze","lemma":"ötvenedrész","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"subject of van","gloss":"its fiftieth part"},{"surface":"sem","lemma":"sem","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"nor","note":"used in sem...sem 'neither...nor' pairs, or after nem for 'not even'"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of oiha","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"oiha","lemma":"oiha","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on testének","gloss":"oiha","note":"Karinthy's coined name for the dominant female inhabitants of Capillária; the translation leaves it untranslated."},{"surface":"testének","lemma":"test","morphology":"noun, genitive, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"depends on van","gloss":"of her body"},{"surface":"s","lemma":"s","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"élete","lemma":"élet","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular, third-person singular possessor","role":"depends on kényre-kedvre","gloss":"his life"},{"surface":"kényre-kedvre","lemma":"kényre-kedvre","morphology":"noun, sublative, singular","role":"coordinated with testének","gloss":"at (someone's) mercy","note":"Fixed idiom 'kényre-kedvre kiszolgáltatva' = wholly at someone's mercy and pleasure."},{"surface":"ki","lemma":"ki","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on van","gloss":"over","note":"Separable verbal prefix; meaning depends on the verb it attaches to."},{"surface":"van","lemma":"van","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"coordinated with van","gloss":"is given"},{"surface":"szolgáltatva","lemma":"szolgáltatva","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on van","gloss":"given over"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of oihá-nak","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"oihá-nak","lemma":"oihá-nak","morphology":"word","role":"indirect object of van","gloss":"to the oiha","note":"Three of the four examples use this dative as a predicate complement with 'tart' (regard as) or 'nevez' (call/name), not as a recipient: 'mégiscsak oihá-nak tartott' = 'she held me an oiha nonetheless' (= 'as an oiha'), 'mi... oihá-nak... nevezünk' = 'we call [it] oiha' (= 'as oiha'). Only the first example ('ki van szolgáltatva az oihá-nak' = 'given over to the oiha') is the directional/recipient dative that 'to the oiha' correctly renders."}]},{"number":44,"label":"44","id":"cap-chapter-4-s44","source":"Bullok-nak hívják ők ezt a háziállatot - s kérem az olvasót, ne émelyedjen el, ha már most közlöm vele, hogy azok a kis szörnyetegek, amelyeket a palota felé való utamban láttam a torony nyílásai között, s amelyeket később terített asztal mellett tányéromban pillantottam meg, ilyen bullok-ok voltak éppen, természetes nagyságban és fejlettségben.","translation":"They call this domestic animal the bullok — and I beg the reader not to feel faint of stomach if I now inform him that those small monsters which I beheld, in the openings of the tower, on my way to the palace, and which I afterward caught sight of, upon my plate, beside the laid table, were none other than such bulloks, in their natural size and development.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/faremido/cap-chapter-4-s44.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Bullok-nak","lemma":"bullok-","morphology":"noun, dative, singular","role":"oblique complement of hívják","gloss":"the bullok"},{"surface":"hívják","lemma":"hív","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, third-person, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"call"},{"surface":"ők","lemma":"ők","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of hívják","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"ezt","lemma":"ez","morphology":"determiner, accusative, singular","role":"determiner of háziállatot","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of háziállatot","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"háziállatot","lemma":"háziállat","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of hívják","gloss":"domestic animal"},{"surface":"s","lemma":"s","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"kérem","lemma":"kér","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, first-person, singular","role":"coordinated with hívják","gloss":"I beg"},{"surface":"az","lemma":"az","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of olvasót","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"olvasót","lemma":"olvasó","morphology":"noun, accusative, singular","role":"direct object of kérem","gloss":"the reader"},{"surface":"ne","lemma":"ne","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies émelyedjen","gloss":"don't (negates an imperative/subjunctive)","note":"'ne' is the prohibitive negator used with imperative/subjunctive verb forms (ne értsen 'don't misunderstand', ne nyúljak 'let me not touch'), distinct from the statement-negator 'nem'. Glossing it as plain 'not' teaches it as a synonym of 'nem'."},{"surface":"émelyedjen","lemma":"émelyed","morphology":"verb, present, imperative, indefinite, third-person, singular","role":"depends on kérem","gloss":"feel queasy"},{"surface":"el","lemma":"el","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on émelyedjen","gloss":"(perfective particle)","note":"Separable verbal prefix; meaning depends on the verb it attaches to."},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of közlöm","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"már","lemma":"már","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on közlöm","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"most","lemma":"most","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on közlöm","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"közlöm","lemma":"közl","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, definite, first-person, singular","role":"adverbial clause on émelyedjen","gloss":"I inform"},{"surface":"vele","lemma":"vele","morphology":"pronoun, instrumental, singular","role":"oblique complement of közlöm","gloss":"him","note":"This type's surfaces mix third-person 'vele' (with her/him/it) and first-person 'velem' (with me); Capillária's own examples are all third-person 'with her,' but 'with me' must stay listed since 'velem' is a surface of this type elsewhere in the book."},{"surface":"hogy","lemma":"hogy","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of pillantottam","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"azok","lemma":"az","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"determiner of szörnyetegek","gloss":"those"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of szörnyetegek","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"kis","lemma":"kis","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on szörnyetegek","gloss":"little"},{"surface":"szörnyetegek","lemma":"szörnyeteg","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of pillantottam","gloss":"monsters"},{"surface":"amelyeket","lemma":"amely","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of láttam","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of palota","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"palota","lemma":"palota","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"oblique complement of láttam","gloss":"palace"},{"surface":"felé","lemma":"felé","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking palota","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"való","lemma":"való","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on utamban","gloss":"to","note":"Participial adjective from 'van'; its English rendering shifts widely with context (a nővel való dolgom = my affair with the woman)."},{"surface":"utamban","lemma":"utam","morphology":"noun, inessive, singular","role":"oblique complement of láttam","gloss":"on my way"},{"surface":"láttam","lemma":"lát","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, definite, first-person, singular","role":"clause modifying szörnyetegek","gloss":"I saw"},{"surface":"a","lemma":"a","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of torony","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"torony","lemma":"torony","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on nyílásai","gloss":"tower"},{"surface":"nyílásai","lemma":"nyílás","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural, third-person singular possessor","role":"oblique complement of láttam","gloss":"its openings"},{"surface":"között","lemma":"között","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nyílásai","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"s","lemma":"s","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"amelyeket","lemma":"amely","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of pillantottam","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"később","lemma":"későn","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on terített","gloss":"later"},{"surface":"terített","lemma":"terített","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on asztal","gloss":"laid (for a meal)"},{"surface":"asztal","lemma":"asztal","morphology":"noun, nominative, singular","role":"oblique complement of pillantottam","gloss":"table"},{"surface":"mellett","lemma":"mellett","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking asztal","gloss":"beside"},{"surface":"tányéromban","lemma":"tányérom","morphology":"noun, inessive, singular","role":"oblique complement of pillantottam","gloss":"in my plate"},{"surface":"pillantottam","lemma":"pillant","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, definite, first-person, singular","role":"depends on közlöm","gloss":"I espied"},{"surface":"meg","lemma":"meg","morphology":"particle","role":"depends on pillantottam","gloss":"(completive particle)","note":"Verbal preverb marking completed/perfective action; often has no separate English word."},{"surface":"ilyen","lemma":"ilyen","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, singular","role":"depends on bullok-ok","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"bullok-ok","lemma":"bullok-ok","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"depends on nagyságban","gloss":"bulloks","note":"Karinthy's coinage for the stunted male oihas who build the towers; keep the translation's term 'bulloks' exactly."},{"surface":"voltak","lemma":"van","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, indefinite, third-person, plural","role":"copula linking to bullok-ok","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"éppen","lemma":"éppen","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on bullok-ok","gloss":"precisely"},{"surface":"természetes","lemma":"természetes","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on nagyságban","gloss":"natural"},{"surface":"nagyságban","lemma":"nagyság","morphology":"noun, inessive, singular","role":"oblique complement of közlöm","gloss":"in size"},{"surface":"és","lemma":"és","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fejlettségben","lemma":"fejlettség","morphology":"noun, inessive, singular","role":"coordinated with nagyságban","gloss":"in development"}]}]}