{"work":{"slug":"iliad","title":{"source":"Ἰλιάς","translated":"The Iliad"},"language":"Ancient Greek","languageCode":"grc"},"letter":"φ","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/words/phi","headwords":[{"lemma":"φάλαγξ","count":34,"glosses":["battalions","ranks","the ranks","battle-line","battle-lines","the battalions"],"forms":["φάλαγγας","φάλαγγες","φάλαγγα","φάλαγξι"],"morphology":["accusative plural feminine noun","nominative plural feminine noun","accusative singular feminine noun","dative plural feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/2#2.558","id":"b2-l558","source":"στῆσε δʼ ἄγων ἵνʼ Ἀθηναίων ἵσταντο φάλαγγες."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/3#3.77","id":"b3-l77","source":"καί ῥʼ ἐς μέσσον ἰὼν Τρώων ἀνέεργε φάλαγγας"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/4#4.254","id":"b4-l254","source":"Μηριόνης δʼ ἄρα οἱ πυμάτας ὄτρυνε 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μέγα φᾶρος ἔχων ἐν χειρὶ παχείῃ,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/18#18.353","id":"b18-l353","source":"ἐς πόδας ἐκ κεφαλῆς, καθύπερθε δὲ φάρεϊ λευκῷ."}]},{"lemma":"φαγεῖν","count":4,"glosses":["devoured","had devoured","will eat"],"forms":["φάγε","φάγῃσι","φάγον"],"morphology":["aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","present active imperative, 2nd singular verb","aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/2#2.317","id":"b2-l317","source":"αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ κατὰ τέκνα φάγε στρουθοῖο καὶ αὐτήν,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/2#2.326","id":"b2-l326","source":"ὡς οὗτος κατὰ τέκνα φάγε στρουθοῖο καὶ αὐτὴν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/21#21.127","id":"b21-l127","source":"ἰχθύς, ὅς κε φάγῃσι Λυκάονος ἀργέτα δημόν."}]},{"lemma":"φαέθω","count":1,"glosses":["blazing"],"forms":["φαέθων"],"morphology":["present active participle, nominative 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ἀνάσσει."}]},{"lemma":"φέρτερος","count":2,"glosses":["stronger"],"forms":["φέρτερος","φέρτεροι"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine comparative adjective","nominative plural masculine comparative adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/16#16.722","id":"b16-l722","source":"αἴθʼ ὅσον ἥσσων εἰμί, τόσον σέο φέρτερος εἴην·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/16#16.780","id":"b16-l780","source":"καὶ τότε δή ῥʼ ὑπὲρ αἶσαν Ἀχαιοὶ φέρτεροι ἦσαν."}]},{"lemma":"φέρω","count":186,"glosses":["carried","carrying","bringing","carry","bore","bring","bear","bearing","to bring","carries","were carrying","brings","to fetch","bore him","brought","to carry","carrying it","to be borne","will bring","were bringing","could carry","carry off","to fetch it","I would","will carry","carried him","let him carry","will carry off","you shall carry off","seeking to please","to please","I fell","we will bring","you would carry off","will bear","might carry 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ἀπερείσιʼ ἄποινα,"}]},{"lemma":"Φείδας","count":1,"glosses":["Pheidas"],"forms":["Φείδας"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/13#13.691","id":"b13-l691","source":"Φείδας τε Στιχίος τε Βίας τʼ ἐΰς· αὐτὰρ Ἐπειῶν"}]},{"lemma":"Φείδιππος","count":1,"glosses":["Pheidippus"],"forms":["Φείδιππός"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/2#2.678","id":"b2-l678","source":"τῶν αὖ Φείδιππός τε καὶ Ἄντιφος ἡγησάσθην"}]},{"lemma":"φείδομαι","count":7,"glosses":["will spare","sparing","might spare","to spare","spared"],"forms":["πεφιδήσεται","φειδόμενος","πεφίδοιτο","πεφιδέσθαι","φείσατ"],"morphology":["future middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculine","aorist middle optative, 3rd singular verb","aorist middle infinitive","aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb"],"note":"Optative expresses Tros’s desperate hope that Achilles might spare him.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/5#5.202","id":"b5-l202","source":"ἵππων φειδόμενος, μή μοι δευοίατο φορβῆς"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/15#15.215","id":"b15-l215","source":"Ἰλίου αἰπεινῆς πεφιδήσεται, οὐδʼ ἐθελήσει"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/20#20.464","id":"b20-l464","source":"εἴ πώς εὑ πεφίδοιτο λαβὼν καὶ ζωὸν ἀφείη"}]},{"lemma":"Φειά","count":1,"glosses":["Pheia"],"forms":["Φειᾶς"],"morphology":["genitive singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/7#7.135","id":"b7-l135","source":"Φειᾶς πὰρ τείχεσσιν Ἰαρδάνου ἀμφὶ ῥέεθρα."}]},{"lemma":"φειδώ","count":1,"glosses":["sparing"],"forms":["φειδὼ"],"morphology":["nominative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/7#7.409","id":"b7-l409","source":"οὐ γάρ τις φειδὼ νεκύων κατατεθνηώτων"}]},{"lemma":"φειδωλή","count":1,"glosses":["sparing"],"forms":["φειδωλή"],"morphology":["nominative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/22#22.244","id":"b22-l244","source":"ἔστω φειδωλή, ἵνα εἴδομεν εἴ κεν Ἀχιλλεὺς"}]},{"lemma":"Φενεός","count":1,"glosses":["Pheneos"],"forms":["Φενεόν"],"morphology":["accusative singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/2#2.605","id":"b2-l605","source":"οἳ Φενεόν τʼ ἐνέμοντο καὶ Ὀρχομενὸν πολύμηλον"}]},{"lemma":"Φεραί","count":1,"glosses":["Pherae"],"forms":["Φερὰς"],"morphology":["accusative plural feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/2#2.711","id":"b2-l711","source":"οἳ δὲ Φερὰς ἐνέμοντο παραὶ Βοιβηΐδα λίμνην"}]},{"lemma":"φεύγω","count":109,"glosses":["fleeing","to flee","flee","escaped","escapes","let us flee","as he fled","escape","in flight","escaping","they fled","having 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singular masculine","aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist active infinitive","aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","present active participle, genitive plural masculine","aorist active optative, 3rd singular verb","future middle infinitive","perfect active participle, nominative plural masculine","present active subjunctive, 1st plural verb","present active participle, accusative plural masculine","present active participle, dative singular masculine","imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","perfect medio-passive participle, accusative singular masculine","present active indicative, 2nd singular verb","aorist active indicative, 2nd singular verb","present active subjunctive, 1st singular verb","aorist active optative, 1st plural verb","present active imperative, 2nd singular verb","future middle indicative, 3rd plural verb","future middle indicative, 2nd plural verb","present active imperative, 3rd plural verb","imperfect active indicative, 1st singular verb","aorist active participle, nominative dual masculine","present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","present active indicative, 2nd plural verb","aorist active subjunctive, 1st plural verb","future middle indicative, 1st singular verb","aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","perfect active optative, 3rd singular verb"],"note":"φεῦγε μάλ᾽, \"run, indeed,\" is scornfully sarcastic — Agamemnon dares Achilles to leave as though granting him permission, rather than trying to stop him.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/1#1.60","id":"b1-l60","source":"ἂψ ἀπονοστήσειν, εἴ κεν θάνατόν γε φύγοιμεν,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/1#1.173","id":"b1-l173","source":"φεῦγε μάλʼ εἴ τοι θυμὸς ἐπέσσυται, οὐδέ σʼ ἔγωγε"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/2#2.74","id":"b2-l74","source":"καὶ φεύγειν σὺν νηυσὶ πολυκλήϊσι κελεύσω·"}]},{"lemma":"φή","count":1,"glosses":["like"],"forms":["φὴ"],"morphology":["adverb"],"note":"φή (= ἠΰτε/ὡς) is a rare comparative particle introducing the wave-simile that runs through this line and the next two.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/2#2.144","id":"b2-l144","source":"κινήθη δʼ ἀγορὴ φὴ κύματα μακρὰ θαλάσσης"}]},{"lemma":"φήγινος","count":1,"glosses":["oaken"],"forms":["φήγινος"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine adjective"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/5#5.838","id":"b5-l838","source":"ἐμμεμαυῖα θεά· μέγα δʼ ἔβραχε φήγινος ἄξων"}]},{"lemma":"φήρ","count":2,"glosses":["beasts","Centaurs"],"forms":["φηρσὶν","Φῆρας"],"morphology":["dative plural masculine noun","accusative plural masculine noun"],"note":"\"Mountain-dwelling beasts\" (φῆρες) is the Homeric term for the Centaurs, never named outright here — the Lapith-Centaur war was a famous mythical battle, later a favorite subject of Greek temple sculpture.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/1#1.268","id":"b1-l268","source":"φηρσὶν ὀρεσκῴοισι καὶ ἐκπάγλως ἀπόλεσσαν."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/2#2.743","id":"b2-l743","source":"ἤματι τῷ ὅτε Φῆρας ἐτίσατο λαχνήεντας,"}]},{"lemma":"φῆμις","count":1,"glosses":["report"],"forms":["φῆμιν"],"morphology":["accusative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/10#10.207","id":"b10-l207","source":"ἤ τινά που καὶ φῆμιν ἐνὶ Τρώεσσι πύθοιτο,"}]},{"lemma":"Φηγεύς","count":2,"glosses":["Phegeus"],"forms":["Φηγεὺς","Φηγεύς"],"morphology":["nominative singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/5#5.11","id":"b5-l11","source":"Φηγεὺς Ἰδαῖός τε μάχης εὖ εἰδότε πάσης."},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/5#5.15","id":"b5-l15","source":"Φηγεύς ῥα πρότερος προΐει δολιχόσκιον ἔγχος·"}]},{"lemma":"φηγός","count":8,"glosses":["oak tree","the oak","beech","oak"],"forms":["φηγῷ","φηγὸν","φηγόν"],"morphology":["dative singular feminine noun","accusative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/5#5.693","id":"b5-l693","source":"εἷσαν ὑπʼ αἰγιόχοιο Διὸς περικαλλέϊ φηγῷ·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/6#6.237","id":"b6-l237","source":"Ἕκτωρ δʼ ὡς Σκαιάς τε πύλας καὶ φηγὸν ἵκανεν,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/7#7.22","id":"b7-l22","source":"ἀλλήλοισι δὲ τώ γε συναντέσθην παρὰ φηγῷ."}]},{"lemma":"φημί","count":406,"glosses":["he spoke","spoke","she spoke","I say","they say","thought","says","said","they spoke","say","he said","i say","I think","speaking","you claimed","he says","believed","we would call","he thought","I thought","you say","you would have said","they thought","to speak","from claiming","claiming to be","spoke to him","thinking","you might say","do you say","I claim","I would say","will boast","should call","we claimed","saying","i 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Agamemnon: not the loss of Chryseis, but the threat Achilles' open defiance poses to the hierarchy of command.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/1#1.33","id":"b1-l33","source":"ὣς ἔφατʼ, ἔδεισεν δʼ ὃ γέρων καὶ ἐπείθετο μύθῳ·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/1#1.43","id":"b1-l43","source":"ὣς ἔφατʼ εὐχόμενος, τοῦ δʼ ἔκλυε Φοῖβος Ἀπόλλων,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/1#1.187","id":"b1-l187","source":"ἶσον ἐμοὶ φάσθαι καὶ ὁμοιωθήμεναι ἄντην."}]},{"lemma":"Φηραί","count":3,"glosses":["Pherae"],"forms":["Φηράς","Φηρῇ"],"morphology":["accusative plural feminine noun","dative singular feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/5#5.543","id":"b5-l543","source":"τῶν ῥα πατὴρ μὲν ἔναιεν ἐϋκτιμένῃ ἐνὶ Φηρῇ"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/9#9.151","id":"b9-l151","source":"Φηράς τε ζαθέας ἠδʼ Ἄνθειαν βαθύλειμον"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/9#9.293","id":"b9-l293","source":"Φηράς τε ζαθέας ἠδʼ Ἄνθειαν βαθύλειμον"}]},{"lemma":"Φηρητιάδης","count":2,"glosses":["son of Pheres","Pheres' grandson"],"forms":["Φηρητιάδαο"],"morphology":["genitive singular masculine noun"],"note":"A patronymic for Admetus, whose father was Pheres; these are the mares Apollo himself had reared, driven here by Eumelus.","lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/2#2.763","id":"b2-l763","source":"ἵπποι μὲν μέγʼ ἄρισται ἔσαν Φηρητιάδαο,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/23#23.376","id":"b23-l376","source":"αἳ Φηρητιάδαο ποδώκεες ἔκφερον ἵπποι."}]},{"lemma":"φθάνω","count":15,"glosses":["was first","striking first","getting there first","gets ahead","might be first","were ahead","would fall","reached first","first","outstrips","will sooner","gets there first"],"forms":["φθάμενος","φθάνει","φθαίη","ἔφθη","φθὰν","φθῆ","φθήῃ","φθάμενός","φθήσονται","φθῇσιν"],"morphology":["aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","aorist middle participle, nominative singular 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verb"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/1#1.491","id":"b1-l491","source":"οὔτέ ποτʼ ἐς πόλεμον, ἀλλὰ φθινύθεσκε φίλον κῆρ"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/2#2.346","id":"b2-l346","source":"τούσδε δʼ ἔα φθινύθειν ἕνα καὶ δύο, τοί κεν Ἀχαιῶν"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/6#6.327","id":"b6-l327","source":"λαοὶ μὲν φθινύθουσι περὶ πτόλιν αἰπύ τε τεῖχος"}]},{"lemma":"φθισήνωρ","count":5,"glosses":["man-destroying"],"forms":["φθισήνορα"],"morphology":["accusative singular masculine adjective","accusative singular masculine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/2#2.833","id":"b2-l833","source":"στείχειν ἐς πόλεμον φθισήνορα· τὼ δέ οἱ οὔ τι"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/9#9.604","id":"b9-l604","source":"εἰ δέ κʼ ἄτερ δώρων πόλεμον φθισήνορα δύῃς"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/10#10.78","id":"b10-l78","source":"ζώννυθʼ ὅτʼ ἐς πόλεμον φθισήνορα 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Θόαντι"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/16#16.508","id":"b16-l508","source":"Γλαύκῳ δʼ αἰνὸν ἄχος γένετο φθογγῆς ἀΐοντι·"}]},{"lemma":"φθονέω","count":2,"glosses":["I begrudged","begrudging"],"forms":["φθονέω","φθονέουσ"],"morphology":["present active subjunctive, 1st singular verb","present active participle, nominative plural feminine"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/4#4.55","id":"b4-l55","source":"εἴ περ γὰρ φθονέω τε καὶ οὐκ εἰῶ διαπέρσαι,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/4#4.56","id":"b4-l56","source":"οὐκ ἀνύω φθονέουσʼ ἐπεὶ ἦ πολὺ φέρτερός ἐσσι."}]},{"lemma":"φίλος","count":343,"glosses":["dear","friends","own dear","his dear","own","pleasing","his own","kindly","dear to","loved ones","welcome","your dear","friend","my dear","beloved","it is dear","gladly","with her own","as his wife","as your wife","being friends","friendly","your own","their own","its dear","pleasing things","to dear","their","their 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χάλκεον δέ μοι ἦτορ ἐνείη,"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/3#3.161","id":"b3-l161","source":"ὣς ἄρʼ ἔφαν, Πρίαμος δʼ Ἑλένην ἐκαλέσσατο φωνῇ·"},{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/13#13.45","id":"b13-l45","source":"εἰσάμενος Κάλχαντι δέμας καὶ ἀτειρέα φωνήν·"}]},{"lemma":"φωριαμός","count":1,"glosses":["chests"],"forms":["φωριαμῶν"],"morphology":["genitive plural feminine noun"],"note":null,"lines":[{"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/iliad/24#24.228","id":"b24-l228","source":"ἦ καὶ φωριαμῶν ἐπιθήματα κάλʼ ἀνέῳγεν·"}]}]}