{"work":{"slug":"kierkegaard","title":{"source":"Frygt og Bæven","translated":"Fear and Trembling"},"author":"Søren Kierkegaard","language":"Danish","languageCode":"da","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/kierkegaard"},"unit":{"kind":"chapter","number":null,"id":"lovtale-over-abraham","title":{"source":"Lovtale over Abraham","translated":"A Eulogy on Abraham"},"section":"Preface, Exordium, Eulogy","summary":null,"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/kierkegaard/lovtale-over-abraham","lines":133},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/books/kierkegaard/stemning","next":"https://1732studios.com/books/kierkegaard/forelobig-expectoration","license":"Source text: public domain (Søren Kierkegaard, d. 1855; first published 1843, under the pseudonym Johannes de silentio). English translation: © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC — original draft, pending editorial review. NOTE: minimal seed excerpt; the 1843 Danish should be verified against Søren Kierkegaards Skrifter (SKS) before shipping, and full content is authored through the content pipeline.","audioBase":null,"lines":[{"number":1,"label":"1","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s1","source":"Dersom der ingen evig Bevidsthed var i et Menneske, dersom der til Grund for Alt kun laae en vildt gjærende Magt, der vridende sig i dunkle Lidenskaber frembragte Alt, hvad der var stort og hvad der var ubetydeligt, dersom en bundløs Tomhed, aldrig mættet, skjulte sig under Alt, hvad var da Livet Andet end Fortvivlelse?","translation":"If there were no eternal consciousness in a man, if at the bottom of everything there lay only a wildly seething power that, writhing in dark passions, brought forth all that was great and all that was insignificant, if a bottomless emptiness, never sated, lay hidden beneath everything — what then would life be but despair?","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Dersom","title":"«Dersom» — if","body":"«Dersom» is a formal 'if' (conditional), more weighty than everyday «hvis». Kierkegaard stacks «dersom … dersom … dersom» as a rising anaphora of conditions before the question finally lands on «Fortvivlelse» (despair). Note the period orthography: «laae» (modern «lå»), «gjærende» («gj-» for soft g), and capitalized nouns (Bevidsthed, Magt, Tomhed)."},{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Fortvivlelse","title":"Fortvivlelse — despair","body":"«Fortvivlelse» = despair, a central Kierkegaardian term and the subject of his later «Sygdommen til Døden» (The Sickness unto Death). The whole opening sentence is built to set this single word as the alternative to a life without eternal consciousness."}],"words":[{"surface":"Dersom","lemma":"dersom","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of var","gloss":"If"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive with var","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Bevidsthed","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"evig","lemma":"evig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Bevidsthed","gloss":"eternal"},{"surface":"Bevidsthed","lemma":"bevidsthed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"consciousness"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"verb of the clause introduced by Dersom","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Menneske","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Menneske","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Menneske","lemma":"menneske","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of var","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"dersom","lemma":"dersom","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of laae","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive with laae","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Grund","gloss":"at","note":"Idiom 'til grund for' = 'at the bottom/root of'."},{"surface":"Grund","lemma":"grund","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of til","gloss":"the bottom"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Alt","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Alt","lemma":"alt","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"object of for","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"kun","lemma":"kun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies laae","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"laae","lemma":"ligge","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"verb of the clause introduced by dersom (w10)","gloss":"lay"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Magt","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"vildt","lemma":"vild","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gjærende","gloss":"wildly"},{"surface":"gjærende","lemma":"gjære","morphology":"verb, present, participle","role":"modifies Magt","gloss":"seething"},{"surface":"Magt","lemma":"magt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of laae","gloss":"power"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of vridende","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"vridende","lemma":"vride","morphology":"verb, present, participle","role":"relative clause on Magt","gloss":"writhing"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of vridende","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Lidenskaber","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"dunkle","lemma":"dunkle","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies Lidenskaber","gloss":"dark"},{"surface":"Lidenskaber","lemma":"lidenskab","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of vridende","gloss":"passions"},{"surface":"frembragte","lemma":"frembringe","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Magt","gloss":"brought forth"},{"surface":"Alt","lemma":"alt","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of frembragte","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"introduces the clause of stort","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"subject of var","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to stort","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"stort","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"relative clause on Alt","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"introduces the clause of ubetydeligt","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"subject of var","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to ubetydeligt","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"ubetydeligt","lemma":"ubetydelig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"relative clause on Alt","gloss":"insignificant"},{"surface":"dersom","lemma":"dersom","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of skjulte","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Tomhed","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"bundløs","lemma":"bundløs","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Tomhed","gloss":"bottomless"},{"surface":"Tomhed","lemma":"tomhed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of skjulte","gloss":"emptiness"},{"surface":"aldrig","lemma":"aldrig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies mættet","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"mættet","lemma":"mætte","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"modifies Tomhed","gloss":"sated"},{"surface":"skjulte","lemma":"skjule","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"verb of the clause introduced by dersom (w39)","gloss":"lay hidden"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of skjulte","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"under","lemma":"under","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Alt","gloss":"beneath"},{"surface":"Alt","lemma":"alt","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of skjulte","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"predicate complement of var (paired with Andet, w53)","gloss":"what","note":"Idiom 'hvad ... andet end' = 'nothing other than' — frames the rhetorical question 'life was nothing but despair'."},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"Livet","lemma":"liv","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"Andet","lemma":"andet","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of var (paired with hvad, w49)","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Fortvivlelse","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"Fortvivlelse","lemma":"fortvivlelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of end","gloss":"despair"}]},{"number":2,"label":"2","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s2","source":"Dersom det forholdt sig saaledes, dersom der intet helligt Baand var, der sammenknyttede Menneskeheden, dersom den ene Slægt stod op efter den anden som Løvet i Skoven, dersom den ene Slægt afløste den anden som Fuglesangen i Skoven, dersom Slægten gik gjennem Verden, som Skibet gaaer gjennem Havet, som V.eiret gjennem Ørkenen, en tankeløs og ufrugtbar Gjerning, dersom en evig Glemsel altid hungrig lurede paa sit Bytte, og der var ingen Magt stærk nok til at frarive den det — hvor var da Livet tomt og trøstesløst!","translation":"If things were so, if there were no sacred bond binding humanity together, if one generation rose up after another like the leaves of the forest, if one generation succeeded another like the song of birds in the forest, if the generation passed through the world as the ship goes through the sea, as the wind goes through the wilderness, a thoughtless and barren labor, if an eternal oblivion, forever hungry, lay in wait for its prey, and there were no power strong enough to wrest it away — how empty and comfortless life would be!","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Slægt","title":"Slægt — generation, lineage","body":"«Slægt» means a generation or a lineage/kin — here the succession of human generations, evoked in the image of forest leaves and birdsong. The doubled vowel in «gaaer» (modern «går») and «paa» (modern «på») is period spelling; «V.eiret» is an OCR-scarred «Veiret» (the weather/wind, modern «vejret»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Dersom","lemma":"dersom","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of forholdt","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of forholdt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"forholdt","lemma":"forholde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"were","note":"\"forholde sig\" is an idiom meaning \"to be the case, to stand thus\" — sig is a required reflexive, not separately translated."},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of forholdt","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forholdt","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"dersom","lemma":"dersom","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of var","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive with var","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"intet","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Baand","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"helligt","lemma":"hellig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"modifies Baand","gloss":"sacred"},{"surface":"Baand","lemma":"Baand","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"bond"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"existential verb with expletive der","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of sammenknyttede","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"sammenknyttede","lemma":"sammenknytte","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Baand","gloss":"bound together"},{"surface":"Menneskeheden","lemma":"Menneskehed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of sammenknyttede","gloss":"humanity"},{"surface":"dersom","lemma":"dersom","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of stod","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Slægt","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ene","lemma":"ene","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies Slægt","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"Slægt","lemma":"Slægt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of stod","gloss":"generation"},{"surface":"stod","lemma":"stå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause introduced by dersom","gloss":"rose"},{"surface":"op","lemma":"op","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on stod","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking anden","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of anden","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"anden","lemma":"anden","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of efter","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Løvet","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"Løvet","lemma":"Løv","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"complement of som","gloss":"the leaves"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Skoven","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Skoven","lemma":"skov","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Løvet","gloss":"the forest"},{"surface":"dersom","lemma":"dersom","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of afløste","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Slægt","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ene","lemma":"ene","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies Slægt","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"Slægt","lemma":"Slægt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of afløste","gloss":"generation"},{"surface":"afløste","lemma":"afløse","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause introduced by dersom","gloss":"succeeded"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of anden","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"anden","lemma":"anden","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of afløste","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Fuglesangen","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"Fuglesangen","lemma":"Fuglesang","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"complement of som","gloss":"the birdsong"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Skoven","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Skoven","lemma":"skov","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Fuglesangen","gloss":"the forest"},{"surface":"dersom","lemma":"dersom","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gik","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"Slægten","lemma":"Slægt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gik","gloss":"the generation"},{"surface":"gik","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause introduced by dersom","gloss":"passed"},{"surface":"gjennem","lemma":"gjennem","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Verden","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"Verden","lemma":"verden","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gik","gloss":"the world"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gaaer","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"Skibet","lemma":"skib","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of gaaer","gloss":"the ship"},{"surface":"gaaer","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"verb of the comparison clause introduced by som","gloss":"goes"},{"surface":"gjennem","lemma":"gjennem","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Havet","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"Havet","lemma":"Hav","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of gaaer","gloss":"the sea"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of V.eiret","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"V.eiret","lemma":"Veir","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of gaaer","gloss":"the wind","note":"Archaic \"Veiret\" (\"the wind/weather\", modern \"vejret\"); the stray period reflects the source text/scan."},{"surface":"gjennem","lemma":"gjennem","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Ørkenen","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"Ørkenen","lemma":"Ørken","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gaaer","gloss":"the wilderness"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Gjerning","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"tankeløs","lemma":"tankeløs","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Gjerning","gloss":"thoughtless"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ufrugtbar","lemma":"ufrugtbar","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with tankeløs","gloss":"barren"},{"surface":"Gjerning","lemma":"Gjerning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"in apposition to gik","gloss":"labor"},{"surface":"dersom","lemma":"dersom","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of lurede","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Glemsel","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"evig","lemma":"evig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Glemsel","gloss":"eternal"},{"surface":"Glemsel","lemma":"Glemsel","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lurede","gloss":"oblivion"},{"surface":"altid","lemma":"altid","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hungrig","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"hungrig","lemma":"hungrig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Glemsel","gloss":"hungry"},{"surface":"lurede","lemma":"lure","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause introduced by dersom","gloss":"lay in wait"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Bytte","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Bytte","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"Bytte","lemma":"Bytte","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of lurede","gloss":"prey"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive with var","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with lurede","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Magt","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"Magt","lemma":"magt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"power"},{"surface":"stærk","lemma":"stærk","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Magt","gloss":"strong"},{"surface":"nok","lemma":"nok","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stærk","gloss":"enough"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the purpose clause of frarive","gloss":"in order"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of frarive","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"frarive","lemma":"frarive","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"purpose clause on stærk","gloss":"wrest away","note":"Ditransitive: \"frarive nogen noget\" = \"to wrest something away from someone\" — den (w78) and det (w79) are its two objects."},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of frarive","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of frarive","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"hvor","lemma":"hvor","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tomt","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to tomt","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"Livet","lemma":"liv","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"tomt","lemma":"tom","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of var","gloss":"empty"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"trøstesløst","lemma":"trøstesløs","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with tomt","gloss":"comfortless"}]},{"number":3,"label":"3","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s3","source":"Men derfor er det ikke saaledes, og som Gud skabte Mand og Qvinde, saa dannede han Helten og Digteren eller Taleren.","translation":"But it is not so, and as God created man and woman, so he fashioned the hero and the poet or orator.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Qvinde","title":"«Qvinde» — woman","body":"«Qvinde» (modern «Kvinde») shows the period spelling «Qv-» for the k-sound, the same convention seen later in «Qvad» (song). The pairing «Helten og Digteren» — the hero and the poet — sets up the whole eulogy: the poet's task is to remember and praise the hero."}],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"derfor","lemma":"derfor","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"therefore"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to saaledes","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies saaledes","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of skabte","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of skabte","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"skabte","lemma":"skabe","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"verb of the comparison clause introduced by som","gloss":"created"},{"surface":"Mand","lemma":"Mand","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of skabte","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Qvinde","lemma":"Qvinde","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Mand","gloss":"woman","note":"Archaic spelling of \"kvinde\" (\"woman\"); Q for K was common 19th-century orthography."},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dannede","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"dannede","lemma":"danne","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"fashioned"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of dannede","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"Helten","lemma":"Helt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of dannede","gloss":"the hero"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Digteren","lemma":"Digter","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Helten","gloss":"the poet"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"Taleren","lemma":"Taler","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Digteren","gloss":"the orator"}]},{"number":4,"label":"4","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s4","source":"Denne kan Intet gjøre af hvad hiin gjør, han kan kun beundre, elske, glæde sig ved Helten.","translation":"The latter can do nothing of what the former does; he can only admire, love, and rejoice in the hero.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"hiin","title":"«denne … hiin» — the latter … the former","body":"«Denne» (this one, the nearer) and «hiin» (that one, the more remote) is an archaic demonstrative pair: «denne» = the poet just named, «hiin» = the hero. The verb «gjøre» keeps the period «gj-» spelling for the soft g."}],"words":[{"surface":"Denne","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjøre","gloss":"the latter"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gjøre","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"Intet","lemma":"Intet","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gjøre","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"gjøre","lemma":"gjøre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hvad","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of gjør","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"hiin","lemma":"hiin","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjør","gloss":"the former","note":"Archaic demonstrative meaning \"that one, the former\" — obsolete in modern Danish."},{"surface":"gjør","lemma":"gjøre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"clause governed by af","gloss":"does"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of beundre","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of beundre","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"kun","lemma":"kun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies beundre","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"beundre","lemma":"beundre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"admire"},{"surface":"elske","lemma":"elske","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with beundre","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"glæde","lemma":"glæde","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with beundre","gloss":"rejoice"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of glæde","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Helten","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Helten","lemma":"Helt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of glæde","gloss":"the hero"}]},{"number":5,"label":"5","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s5","source":"Dog er ogsaa han lykkelig, ikke mindre end denne; thi Helten er ligesom hans bedre Væsen, i hvilket han er forelsket, glad ved, at det dog ikke er ham selv, at hans Kjærlighed kan være Beundring.","translation":"Yet he too is happy, no less than the other; for the hero is, as it were, his better self, with which he is in love, glad that it is nevertheless not himself, that his love can be admiration.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"thi","title":"«thi» — for, because","body":"«thi» is an archaic, literary 'for / because' (modern «for» or «thi» survives only in elevated prose). «Kjærlighed» (love) keeps the period «Kj-» spelling for the k-sound before a front vowel, as does «Kjære» later."}],"words":[{"surface":"Dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to lykkelig","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ogsaa","lemma":"ogsaa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"lykkelig","lemma":"lykkelig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"happy"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies mindre","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"mindre","lemma":"lille","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"modifies lykkelig","gloss":"less"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking denne","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"denne","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of mindre","gloss":"the other"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er","gloss":"for","note":"Archaic causal conjunction meaning \"for, because\" — obsolete in modern Danish."},{"surface":"Helten","lemma":"Helt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"the hero"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause introduced by thi","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ligesom","lemma":"ligesom","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"as it were"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Væsen","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"bedre","lemma":"god","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"modifies Væsen","gloss":"better"},{"surface":"Væsen","lemma":"Væsen","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hvilket","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"hvilket","lemma":"hvilken","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"complement of i, referring to Væsen","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of forelsket","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of forelsket","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"forelsket","lemma":"forelske","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"verb of the relative clause on Væsen","gloss":"in love"},{"surface":"glad","lemma":"glad","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"coordinated with forelsket","gloss":"glad"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition introducing the following clause","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"nevertheless"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to ham","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies ham","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of være","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Kjærlighed","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Kjærlighed","lemma":"Kjærlighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of være","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of være","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to Beundring","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"Beundring","lemma":"beundring","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of være","gloss":"admiration"}]},{"number":6,"label":"6","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s6","source":"Han er Erindringens Genius, kan Intet gjøre uden minde om, hvad der er gjort, Intet gjøre uden beundre, hvad der er gjort; han tager Intet af sit Eget, men er misundelig paa det Betroede.","translation":"He is the genius of remembrance; he can do nothing but recall what has been done, do nothing but admire what has been done; he takes nothing of his own, but is jealous of what has been entrusted to him.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Erindringens Genius","title":"Erindringens Genius — the genius of remembrance","body":"«Erindring» = recollection/remembrance; «Erindringens Genius» casts the poet as the tutelary spirit of memory. «misundelig paa det Betroede» — jealous over what is entrusted — guards the hero's deeds as a sacred trust rather than his own."}],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Genius","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"Erindringens","lemma":"Erindring","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Genius","gloss":"remembrance's"},{"surface":"Genius","lemma":"Genius","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"genius"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gjøre","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"Intet","lemma":"Intet","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gjøre","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"gjøre","lemma":"gjøre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"uden","lemma":"uden","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking minde","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"minde","lemma":"minde","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of uden","gloss":"recall"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hvad","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"introduces the clause of gjort","gloss":"what","note":"\"hvad der\" is a fixed relative construction meaning \"that which\" — der is a required resumptive subject pronoun, not separately translated."},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of gjort","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gjort","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"gjort","lemma":"gøre","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"verb of the clause introduced by om","gloss":"been done"},{"surface":"Intet","lemma":"Intet","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gjøre","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"gjøre","lemma":"gjøre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with gjøre","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"uden","lemma":"uden","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking beundre","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"beundre","lemma":"beundre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of uden","gloss":"admire"},{"surface":"hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"introduces the clause of gjort","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of gjort","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gjort","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"gjort","lemma":"gøre","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"verb of the object clause of beundre","gloss":"been done"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tager","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"tager","lemma":"tage","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"takes"},{"surface":"Intet","lemma":"Intet","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of tager","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Eget","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Eget","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Eget","lemma":"Eget","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"modifies Intet","gloss":"own"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to misundelig","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"misundelig","lemma":"misundelig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with tager","gloss":"jealous"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Betroede","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Betroede","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Betroede","lemma":"betro","morphology":"past participle, neuter, singular, used as a noun","role":"oblique complement of misundelig","gloss":"entrusted"}]},{"number":7,"label":"7","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s7","source":"Han følger sit Hjertes Valg, men naar han har fundet det Søgte, da vandrer han om for hver Mands Dør med sin Sang og med sin Tale, at Alle maae beundre Helten som han, være stolt af Helten, som han er det.","translation":"He follows his heart's choice, but when he has found what he sought, then he wanders from every man's door with his song and his speech, that all may admire the hero as he does, may be proud of the hero, as he is.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"maae","title":"«maae» — present subjunctive 'may'","body":"«at Alle maae beundre» uses «maae» (modern «må») in an optative sense — 'that all may admire' — expressing purpose/wish after «at». The doubled-vowel spelling «maae» and «naar» (when, modern «når») is period orthography."}],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of følger","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"følger","lemma":"følge","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"follows"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Hjertes","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Hjertes","lemma":"Hjerte","morphology":"noun, genitive, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of Valg","gloss":"heart's"},{"surface":"Valg","lemma":"Valg","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of følger","gloss":"choice"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"naar","lemma":"naar","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fundet","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fundet","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of fundet","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"fundet","lemma":"finde","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"verb of the clause introduced by naar","gloss":"found"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Søgte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Søgte","lemma":"søge","morphology":"past participle, neuter, singular, used as a noun","role":"direct object of fundet","gloss":"sought"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vandrer","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"vandrer","lemma":"vandre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"wanders"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vandrer","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on vandrer","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dør","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"hver","lemma":"hver","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Dør","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"Mands","lemma":"Mand","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Dør","gloss":"man's"},{"surface":"Dør","lemma":"dør","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of vandrer","gloss":"door"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Sang","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Sang","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Sang","lemma":"Sang","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of vandrer","gloss":"song"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Tale","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Tale","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Tale","lemma":"Tale","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of vandrer","gloss":"speech"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of beundre","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Alle","lemma":"al","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"subject of beundre","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"maae","lemma":"maatte","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of beundre","gloss":"may"},{"surface":"beundre","lemma":"beundre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the clause introduced by at","gloss":"admire"},{"surface":"Helten","lemma":"Helt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of beundre","gloss":"the hero"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the elliptical clause of han","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of the elliptical clause (verb elided)","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with beundre","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"stolt","lemma":"stolt","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"predicate complement of være","gloss":"proud"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Helten","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Helten","lemma":"Helt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stolt","gloss":"the hero"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to det","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":8,"label":"8","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s8","source":"Dette er hans Bedrift. hans ydmyge Gjerning, dette er hans tro Tjeneste i Heltens Huus.","translation":"This is his exploit, his humble labor; this is his faithful service in the hero's house.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Huus","title":"«Huus» — house (doubled vowel)","body":"«Huus» (modern «Hus») doubles the vowel to mark length, like «Viis» (way) and «Viisdom» (wisdom) elsewhere in the passage. The stray period after «Bedrift.» is an artifact of the 19th-century print; the sentence runs on through «hans ydmyge Gjerning»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Bedrift","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Bedrift","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Bedrift","lemma":"bedrift","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"exploit"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Gjerning","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"ydmyge","lemma":"ydmyg","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Gjerning","gloss":"humble"},{"surface":"Gjerning","lemma":"Gjerning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"in apposition to Bedrift","gloss":"labor"},{"surface":"dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Tjeneste","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Tjeneste","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"tro","lemma":"tro","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Tjeneste","gloss":"faithful"},{"surface":"Tjeneste","lemma":"Tjeneste","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"service"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Huus","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Heltens","lemma":"Helt","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Huus","gloss":"the hero's"},{"surface":"Huus","lemma":"Huus","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"modifies Tjeneste","gloss":"house"}]},{"number":9,"label":"9","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s9","source":"Bliver han saaledes sin Kjærlighed tro, strider han Dag og Nat med Glemselens Underfundighed, der vil fraliste ham Helten, da har han fuldkommet sin Gjerning, da samles han med Helten, der har elsket ham ligesaa trofast, thi Digteren er ligesom Heltens bedre Væsen, vel kraftesløs som et Minde er det, men ogsaa forklaret, som et Minde er det.","translation":"If he thus stays true to his love, if he strives day and night with the cunning of oblivion, which would steal the hero away from him, then he has accomplished his task, then he is gathered to the hero, who has loved him just as faithfully; for the poet is, as it were, the hero's better self — feeble, as a memory is, but also transfigured, as a memory is.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Bliver han","title":"Verb-first conditional clause","body":"«Bliver han … tro» inverts verb and subject to mean 'if he remains true' — Danish forms conditionals by fronting the verb instead of using «hvis». The same V1 construction returns in «strider han». «forklaret» here means 'transfigured/clarified', a charged word given the religious theme."}],"words":[{"surface":"Bliver","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula introducing the first conditional clause, links to tro","gloss":"stays"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Bliver","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Bliver","gloss":"thus"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Kjærlighed","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Kjærlighed","lemma":"Kjærlighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"complement of tro","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"tro","lemma":"tro","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate adjective completing Bliver","gloss":"true"},{"surface":"strider","lemma":"stride","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the second conditional clause, parallel to Bliver","gloss":"strives"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of strider","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"Dag","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"temporal adverbial modifying strider","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Nat","lemma":"nat","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Dag","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Underfundighed","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Glemselens","lemma":"Glemsel","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Underfundighed","gloss":"oblivion's"},{"surface":"Underfundighed","lemma":"Underfundighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of strider (object of med)","gloss":"cunning"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of fraliste","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"vil","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of fraliste","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"fraliste","lemma":"fraliste","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"relative clause on Underfundighed","gloss":"steal away"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of fraliste (from him)","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"Helten","lemma":"Helt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"direct object of fraliste","gloss":"the hero"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies har (introduces first main clause)","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of fuldkommet","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of har","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"fuldkommet","lemma":"fuldkomme","morphology":"verb, past, participle","role":"past participle completing har (perfect tense)","gloss":"accomplished"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Gjerning","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Gjerning","lemma":"Gjerning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of fuldkommet","gloss":"task"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies samles (introduces second main clause)","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"samles","lemma":"samle","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the second main clause","gloss":"is gathered"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of samles","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Helten","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Helten","lemma":"Helt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"oblique complement of samles","gloss":"the hero"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of elsket","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of elsket","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"elsket","lemma":"elske","morphology":"verb, past, participle","role":"relative clause on Helten","gloss":"loved"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of elsket","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"ligesaa","lemma":"ligesaa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies trofast","gloss":"just as"},{"surface":"trofast","lemma":"trofast","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular, used adverbially","role":"modifies elsket (manner)","gloss":"faithfully"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"coordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the causal clause","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"Digteren","lemma":"Digter","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"subject of er","gloss":"the poet"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking Digteren to Væsen","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ligesom","lemma":"ligesom","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the predicate (as it were)","gloss":"as it were"},{"surface":"Heltens","lemma":"Helt","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular, definite","role":"possessor of Væsen","gloss":"the hero's"},{"surface":"bedre","lemma":"god","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"modifies Væsen","gloss":"better"},{"surface":"Væsen","lemma":"væsen","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"vel","lemma":"vel","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kraftesløs (concessive)","gloss":"granted"},{"surface":"kraftesløs","lemma":"kraftesløs","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement describing Væsen","gloss":"feeble"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces comparative clause (et Minde er det)","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Minde","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Minde","lemma":"Minde","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"a memory"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking Minde to det","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate pronoun resuming kraftesløs","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ogsaa","lemma":"ogsaa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forklaret","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"forklaret","lemma":"forklare","morphology":"verb, past, participle","role":"coordinated with kraftesløs (predicate complement describing Væsen)","gloss":"transfigured","note":"'Forklaret' here is the theological sense (as in the Transfiguration), not the everyday sense 'explained'."},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces comparative clause (et Minde er det)","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Minde","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Minde","lemma":"Minde","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"a memory"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking Minde to det","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate pronoun resuming forklaret","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":10,"label":"10","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s10","source":"Derfor skal Ingen være glemt, der var stor, og varer det end længere, tager Misforstaaelsens Sky end Helten bort, hans Elsker kommer dog, og jo længere Tiden gik hen, desto trofastere hænger han ved ham.","translation":"Therefore none who was great shall be forgotten; and though it take longer still, though the cloud of misunderstanding carry the hero away, his lover comes nonetheless, and the longer time passed, the more faithfully he clings to him.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"jo … desto","title":"«jo … desto» — the more … the more","body":"«jo længere … desto trofastere» is the correlative 'the longer … the more faithfully'. The concessive «varer det end længere» / «tager … end … bort» uses «end» in the sense of 'even (though)'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Derfor","lemma":"derfor","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies skal...glemt","gloss":"therefore"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of glemt","gloss":"shall"},{"surface":"Ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of glemt","gloss":"none"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of glemt","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"glemt","lemma":"glemme","morphology":"verb, past, participle","role":"past participle completing skal være (passive), main verb of the sentence","gloss":"forgotten"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of var","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to stor","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of var, describes der","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"varer","lemma":"vare","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the concessive clause (even though it lasts longer)","gloss":"lasts"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of varer","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"adverb","role":"intensifies længere (still/yet)","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"længere","lemma":"længe","morphology":"adverb, comparative","role":"modifies varer","gloss":"longer"},{"surface":"tager","lemma":"tage","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the second concessive clause (even though the cloud carries the hero away)","gloss":"carries"},{"surface":"Misforstaaelsens","lemma":"Misforstaaelse","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Sky","gloss":"misunderstanding's"},{"surface":"Sky","lemma":"Sky","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tager","gloss":"cloud"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tager (still/even)","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"Helten","lemma":"Helt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"direct object of tager","gloss":"the hero"},{"surface":"bort","lemma":"bort","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tager (verb particle - away)","gloss":"away"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Elsker","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Elsker","lemma":"Elsker","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kommer","gloss":"lover"},{"surface":"kommer","lemma":"komme","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"comes"},{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kommer","gloss":"nonetheless"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"jo","lemma":"jo","morphology":"adverb","role":"correlates with desto, modifies længere","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"længere","lemma":"lang","morphology":"adverb, comparative","role":"modifies gik","gloss":"longer"},{"surface":"Tiden","lemma":"Tid","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"subject of gik","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"gik","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on hænger (jo-clause)","gloss":"passed"},{"surface":"hen","lemma":"hen","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gik","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"desto","lemma":"desto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies trofastere","gloss":"the more"},{"surface":"trofastere","lemma":"trofast","morphology":"adverb, comparative","role":"modifies hænger","gloss":"more faithfully"},{"surface":"hænger","lemma":"hænge","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence (desto-clause)","gloss":"clings"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hænger","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ham","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of hænger","gloss":"him"}]},{"number":11,"label":"11","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s11","source":"Nei!","translation":"No!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nei","lemma":"nej","morphology":"interjection","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"No"}]},{"number":12,"label":"12","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s12","source":"Ingen skal glemmes, der var stor i Verden; men Enhver var stor paa sin Viis, og Enhver i Forhold til dets Storhed, han elskede.","translation":"None shall be forgotten who was great in the world; but each was great in his own way, and each in proportion to the greatness of that which he loved.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Viis","title":"«paa sin Viis» — in his own way","body":"«Viis» (way/manner, modern «vis») doubles the vowel for length. This sentence opens the eulogy's great refrain: «Enhver … i Forhold til» (each … in proportion to), repeated through the loved object, the expectation, the struggle — building toward Abraham, who was 'greater than all'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of glemmes","gloss":"none"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of glemmes","gloss":"shall"},{"surface":"glemmes","lemma":"glemme","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"be forgotten"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of var","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to stor","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of var, describes der","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Verden","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Verden","lemma":"Verden","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"oblique complement of stor","gloss":"the world"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Enhver","lemma":"enhver","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"each"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to stor","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of var, describes Enhver","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Viis","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Viis","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Viis","lemma":"Viis","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stor","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Enhver","lemma":"enhver","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of the elided var stor (each was great)","gloss":"each"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Forhold","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Forhold","lemma":"Forhold","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of i (i Forhold til = in proportion to)","gloss":"proportion"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Storhed","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"dets","lemma":"dets","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Storhed","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"Storhed","lemma":"Storhed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Forhold","gloss":"greatness"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of elskede","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"elskede","lemma":"elske","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause modifying dets (that which he loved)","gloss":"loved"}]},{"number":13,"label":"13","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s13","source":"Thi den, der elskede sig selv, blev stor ved sig selv, og den, der elskede andre Mennesker, blev stor ved sin Hengivenhed, men den, der elskede Gud, blev større end Alle.","translation":"For he who loved himself became great by himself, and he who loved other men became great through his devotion, but he who loved God became greater than all.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"større end Alle","title":"«større end Alle» — greater than all","body":"«større end Alle» (greater than all) is the recurring climax that crowns each tier of the refrain and is finally reserved for Abraham. «Hengivenhed» = devotion, self-surrender — a key value Kierkegaard ranks below love of God."}],"words":[{"surface":"Thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"coordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the sentence","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of elskede","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"elskede","lemma":"elske","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"loved"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of elskede","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies sig","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to stor","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of blev, describes den","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sig","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"oblique complement of stor","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies sig","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of elskede","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"elskede","lemma":"elske","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"loved"},{"surface":"andre","lemma":"anden","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of Mennesker","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"Mennesker","lemma":"Menneske","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of elskede","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to stor","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of blev, describes den","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Hengivenhed","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Hengivenhed","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Hengivenhed","lemma":"Hengivenhed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stor","gloss":"devotion"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of elskede","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"elskede","lemma":"elske","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"loved"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of elskede","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to større","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"større","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"predicate complement of blev, describes den","gloss":"greater"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of Alle","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"Alle","lemma":"Al","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"oblique complement of større","gloss":"all"}]},{"number":14,"label":"14","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s14","source":"Enhver skal mindes, men Enhver blev stor i Forhold til sin Forvenftning.","translation":"Each shall be remembered, but each became great in proportion to his expectation.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Forventning","title":"Forventning — expectation","body":"«Forventning» = expectation/anticipation, a load-bearing word in the eulogy and in Abraham's long wait. «Forvenftning» here is an OCR misreading of «Forventning»; the correct form appears just below."}],"words":[{"surface":"Enhver","lemma":"enhver","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of mindes","gloss":"each"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of mindes","gloss":"shall"},{"surface":"mindes","lemma":"mindes","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"be remembered"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Enhver","lemma":"enhver","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"each"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to stor","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of blev, describes Enhver","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Forhold","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Forhold","lemma":"Forhold","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of stor","gloss":"proportion"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Forvenftning","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Forvenftning","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Forvenftning","lemma":"Forventning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Forhold","gloss":"expectation","note":"Printed 'Forvenftning' — an OCR/typographical corruption of 'Forventning' (expectation)."}]},{"number":15,"label":"15","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s15","source":"Een blev stor ved at forvente det Mulige; en Anden ved at forvente det Evige; men den, der forventede det Umulige, blev større end Alle.","translation":"One became great by expecting the possible; another by expecting the eternal; but he who expected the impossible became greater than all.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"det Umulige","title":"det Mulige / det Evige / det Umulige","body":"The triad «det Mulige» (the possible), «det Evige» (the eternal), «det Umulige» (the impossible) ranks modes of expectation, reserving the highest for the one who expects the impossible — Abraham. The neuter «det» + adjective forms an abstract noun ('the possible', etc.)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Een","lemma":"een","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to stor","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of blev, describes Een","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of forvente","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of forvente","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"forvente","lemma":"forvente","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on blev (means)","gloss":"expecting"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Mulige","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Mulige","lemma":"Mulig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular, used as noun","role":"direct object of forvente","gloss":"the possible"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Anden","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Anden","lemma":"anden","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of the elided blev stor (another became great)","gloss":"another"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of forvente","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of forvente","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"forvente","lemma":"forvente","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on the elided blev stor","gloss":"expecting"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Evige","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Evige","lemma":"Evig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular, used as noun","role":"direct object of forvente","gloss":"the eternal"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of forventede","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"forventede","lemma":"forvente","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"expected"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Umulige","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Umulige","lemma":"Umulig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular, used as noun","role":"direct object of forventede","gloss":"the impossible"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to større","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"større","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"predicate complement of blev, describes den","gloss":"greater"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of Alle","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"Alle","lemma":"Al","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"oblique complement of større","gloss":"all"}]},{"number":16,"label":"16","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s16","source":"Enhver skal mindes, men Enhver var stor alt i Forhold til dets Størrelse, han stred med.","translation":"Each shall be remembered, but each was great precisely in proportion to the greatness of that which he struggled with.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Enhver","lemma":"enhver","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of mindes","gloss":"each"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of mindes","gloss":"shall"},{"surface":"mindes","lemma":"mindes","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"be remembered"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Enhver","lemma":"enhver","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"each"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to stor","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of var, describes Enhver","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"alt","lemma":"alt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Forhold (emphatic - precisely/wholly)","gloss":"precisely"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Forhold","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Forhold","lemma":"Forhold","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of stor","gloss":"proportion"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Størrelse","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"dets","lemma":"dets","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Størrelse","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"Størrelse","lemma":"Størrelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Forhold","gloss":"greatness"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of stred","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"stred","lemma":"stride","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause modifying dets (that which he struggled with)","gloss":"struggled"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition, stranded","role":"depends on stred (stranded preposition - with)","gloss":"with"}]},{"number":17,"label":"17","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s17","source":"Thi den, der stred med Verden, blev stor ved at overvinde Verden, og den, der stred med sig selv, blev større ved at overvinde sig selv; men den, der stred med Gud, blev større end Alle.","translation":"For he who struggled with the world became great by overcoming the world, and he who struggled with himself became greater by overcoming himself; but he who struggled with God became greater than all.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"stred","title":"«strede / stred» — struggled (past of «stride»)","body":"«stred» is the past tense of «stride» (to strive/contend). The escalating object — «med Verden … med sig selv … med Gud» (with the world … with himself … with God) — mirrors the earlier love- and expectation-triads, each crowned by «større end Alle»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"coordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the sentence","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of stred","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"stred","lemma":"stride","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"struggled"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Verden","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Verden","lemma":"Verden","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"oblique complement of stred","gloss":"the world"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to stor","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of blev, describes den","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of overvinde","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of overvinde","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"overvinde","lemma":"overvinde","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on blev (means)","gloss":"overcoming"},{"surface":"Verden","lemma":"Verden","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"direct object of overvinde","gloss":"the world"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of stred","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"stred","lemma":"stride","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"struggled"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sig","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"oblique complement of stred","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies sig","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to større","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"større","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"predicate complement of blev, describes den","gloss":"greater"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of overvinde","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of overvinde","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"overvinde","lemma":"overvinde","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on blev (means)","gloss":"overcoming"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of overvinde","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies sig","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of stred","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"stred","lemma":"stride","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"struggled"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Gud","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stred","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to større","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"større","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"predicate complement of blev, describes den","gloss":"greater"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of Alle","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"Alle","lemma":"Al","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"oblique complement of større","gloss":"all"}]},{"number":18,"label":"18","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s18","source":"Saaledes blev der stridt i Verden, Mand mod Mand, Fen mod Frygt og Bæven. 3. Udg. Tusinde, men den, der stred med Gud, var større end Alle.","translation":"Thus was the struggle waged in the world, man against man, in their thousands, but he who struggled with God was greater than all.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies blev","gloss":"thus"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, expletive","role":"expletive with blev","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"stridt","lemma":"stride","morphology":"verb, past, participle","role":"past participle completing blev (passive - was waged)","gloss":"fought"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Verden","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Verden","lemma":"Verden","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"oblique complement of stridt","gloss":"the world"},{"surface":"Mand","lemma":"Mand","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial phrase describing stridt (man against man)","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"mod","lemma":"mod","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Mand","gloss":"against"},{"surface":"Mand","lemma":"Mand","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of mod","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"Fen","lemma":"een","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular (uncertain)","role":"likely a corrupted/misprinted form of 'Een' (one), paired contrastively with Mand mod Mand","gloss":"one (uncertain)","note":"The text between 'Fen' and 'Tusinde' ('mod Frygt og Bæven. 3. Udg.') appears to be the book's own running header (title 'Frygt og Bæven' + '3rd edition') that leaked into the scanned body text; 'Fen' itself does not match any known Danish word and is most likely a misprint or OCR error for 'Een' (one), continuing the parallel 'Mand mod Mand, Een mod Tusinde' (man against man, one against a thousand). Flagged as uncertain."},{"surface":"mod","lemma":"mod","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition whose complement (Tusinde) is interrupted by an interpolated page header","gloss":"against"},{"surface":"Frygt","lemma":"Frygt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"part of an interpolated page header, not part of the sentence syntax","gloss":"Fear","note":"Part of the book's own title 'Frygt og Bæven' (Fear and Trembling), which has leaked into the body text here as a running header — not a syntactic part of this sentence."},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links Frygt and Bæven within the interpolated title","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Bæven","lemma":"Bæven","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Frygt within the interpolated title","gloss":"Trembling"},{"surface":"Udg","lemma":"Udgave","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, abbreviated","role":"abbreviation for 'Udgave' (edition), part of the interpolated header '3. Udg.' = 3rd edition","gloss":"edition","note":"'Udg.' abbreviates 'Udgave' (edition); '3. Udg.' = 'third edition', part of the leaked page header, not the sentence."},{"surface":"Tusinde","lemma":"tusinde","morphology":"numeral, common gender, singular","role":"object of mod (w11), continuing the clause after the interpolated header","gloss":"a thousand","note":"The sentence resumes here after the interpolated header: '[Een] mod ... Tusinde' = 'one against a thousand'."},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of stred","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"stred","lemma":"stride","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"struggled"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Gud","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stred","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to større","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"større","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"predicate complement of var, describes den","gloss":"greater"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of Alle","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"Alle","lemma":"Al","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"oblique complement of større","gloss":"all"}]},{"number":19,"label":"19","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s19","source":"Saaledes blev der stridt paa Jorden: der var den, der overvandt Alt ved sin Kraft, og der var den, der overvandt Gud ved sin Afmagt.","translation":"Thus was the struggle waged on earth: there was the one who overcame everything by his strength, and there was the one who overcame God by his powerlessness.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Afmagt","title":"Kraft / Afmagt — strength / powerlessness","body":"«Kraft» (strength, power) is set against «Afmagt» (powerlessness, impotence). The paradox — overcoming God by powerlessness — anticipates the definition of Abraham, whose strength 'is powerlessness' («hvis Styrke er Afmagt»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies blev","gloss":"thus"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, expletive","role":"expletive with blev","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"stridt","lemma":"stride","morphology":"verb, past, participle","role":"past participle completing blev (passive - was waged)","gloss":"waged"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Jorden","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"Jorden","lemma":"Jorden","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"oblique complement of stridt","gloss":"earth"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, expletive","role":"expletive with var","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause (there was)","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"logical subject of var (existential clause)","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of overvandt","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"overvandt","lemma":"overvinde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"overcame"},{"surface":"Alt","lemma":"al","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular, used as pronoun","role":"direct object of overvandt","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Kraft","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Kraft","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Kraft","lemma":"Kraft","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of overvandt","gloss":"strength"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, expletive","role":"expletive with var","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause (there was), coordinated with the first der var","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"logical subject of var (existential clause)","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of overvandt","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"overvandt","lemma":"overvinde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"overcame"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of overvandt","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Afmagt","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Afmagt","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Afmagt","lemma":"Afmagt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of overvandt","gloss":"powerlessness"}]},{"number":20,"label":"20","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s20","source":"Der var den, der stolede paa sig selv og vandt Alt, der var den, der tryg ved sin Styrke offrede Alt, men den, der troede Gud, var større end Alle.","translation":"There was the one who trusted in himself and won everything, there was the one who, secure in his strength, sacrificed everything, but he who believed God was greater than all.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"troede Gud","title":"«troede Gud» — believed God","body":"«troede Gud» (believed God, with no preposition) is stronger than «troede paa Gud» (believed in God): it means trusting God's word outright. This is the verb behind «Tro» (faith), the book's central concept and Abraham's defining act."}],"words":[{"surface":"Der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive subject of var","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"notional subject of var","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of stolede","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"stolede","lemma":"stole","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"verb of relative clause modifying den","gloss":"trusted"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sig","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"object of preposition paa","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun, emphatic","role":"intensifies sig","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vandt","lemma":"vinde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with stolede","gloss":"won"},{"surface":"Alt","lemma":"alt","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of vandt","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive subject of var","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"notional subject of var","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of offrede","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"tryg","lemma":"tryg","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicative adjunct modifying der","gloss":"secure"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Styrke","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Styrke","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Styrke","lemma":"styrke","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of tryg","gloss":"strength"},{"surface":"offrede","lemma":"offre","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"verb of relative clause modifying den","gloss":"sacrificed"},{"surface":"Alt","lemma":"alt","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of offrede","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of troede","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"troede","lemma":"troe","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"verb of relative clause modifying den","gloss":"believed"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of troede","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to større","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"større","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"predicate adjective of var","gloss":"greater"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Alle","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"Alle","lemma":"al","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"object of preposition end","gloss":"all"}]},{"number":21,"label":"21","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s21","source":"Der var den, der var stor ved sin Kraft, og den, der var stor ved sin Viisdom, og den, der var stor ved sit Haab, og den, der var stor ved sin Kjærlighed, men Abraham var større end Alle, stor ved den Kraft, hvis Styrke er Afmagt, stor ved den Viisdom, hvis Hemmelighed er Daarskab, stor ved det Haab, hvis Form er Vanvid, stor ved den Kjærlighed, der er Had til sig selv.","translation":"There was the one who was great by his strength, and the one who was great by his wisdom, and the one who was great by his hope, and the one who was great by his love; but Abraham was greater than all — great by the strength whose power is powerlessness, great by the wisdom whose secret is folly, great by the hope whose form is madness, great by the love that is hatred of oneself.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Daarskab / Vanvid","title":"The paradoxes of Abraham's greatness","body":"Each gift is defined by its paradoxical inversion: «Styrke … Afmagt» (power/powerlessness), «Viisdom … Daarskab» (wisdom/folly), «Haab … Vanvid» (hope/madness), love that is «Had til sig selv» (hatred of self). This is the paradox-of-faith logic at the heart of «Frygt og Bæven». «Viisdom» and «Haab» keep their period doubled vowels."}],"words":[{"surface":"Der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive subject of var","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"notional subject of var","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of var","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to stor","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Kraft","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Kraft","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Kraft","lemma":"Kraft","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stor","gloss":"strength"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with den","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of var","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to stor","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Viisdom","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Viisdom","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Viisdom","lemma":"Viisdom","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stor","gloss":"wisdom"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with den","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of var","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to stor","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Haab","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Haab","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Haab","lemma":"haab","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of stor","gloss":"hope"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with den","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of var","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to stor","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Kjærlighed","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Kjærlighed","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Kjærlighed","lemma":"Kjærlighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stor","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of større","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to større","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"større","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"predicate adjective of var","gloss":"greater"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Alle","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"Alle","lemma":"al","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"object of preposition end","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicative apposition to Abraham","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Kraft","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Kraft","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Kraft","lemma":"Kraft","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stor","gloss":"strength"},{"surface":"hvis","lemma":"hvis","morphology":"determiner, relative, possessive","role":"possessive determiner of Styrke, referring to Kraft","gloss":"whose"},{"surface":"Styrke","lemma":"styrke","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"power"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Afmagt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"Afmagt","lemma":"afmagt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"powerlessness"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicative apposition to Abraham","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Viisdom","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Viisdom","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Viisdom","lemma":"Viisdom","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stor","gloss":"wisdom"},{"surface":"hvis","lemma":"hvis","morphology":"determiner, relative, possessive","role":"possessive determiner of Hemmelighed, referring to Viisdom","gloss":"whose"},{"surface":"Hemmelighed","lemma":"Hemmelighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"secret"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Daarskab","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"Daarskab","lemma":"Daarskab","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"folly"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicative apposition to Abraham","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Haab","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Haab","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Haab","lemma":"Haab","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of stor","gloss":"hope"},{"surface":"hvis","lemma":"hvis","morphology":"determiner, relative, possessive","role":"possessive determiner of Form, referring to Haab","gloss":"whose"},{"surface":"Form","lemma":"form","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"form"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Vanvid","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"Vanvid","lemma":"vanvid","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"madness"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicative apposition to Abraham","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Kjærlighed","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Kjærlighed","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Kjærlighed","lemma":"Kjærlighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stor","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of er","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Had","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"Had","lemma":"had","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"hatred"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sig","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"object of preposition til","gloss":"oneself"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun, emphatic","role":"intensifies sig","gloss":"self"}]},{"number":22,"label":"22","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s22","source":"Ved Troen vandrede Abraham ud fra Fædrenes Land og blev Fremmed i Forjættelsens.","translation":"By faith Abraham went out from the land of his fathers and became a stranger in the land of promise.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Ved Troen","title":"«Ved Troen» — by faith","body":"«Tro» = faith, the central word of the book; «Ved Troen» (by faith) opens a litany of acts — modeled on Hebrews 11 — each beginning the same way. «Forjættelse» = the promise (God's covenant to Abraham); «Forjættelsens [Land]» drops the noun, 'the [land] of promise'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Troen","gloss":"By"},{"surface":"Troen","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of vandrede","gloss":"faith"},{"surface":"vandrede","lemma":"vandre","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of vandrede","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"ud","lemma":"ud","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on vandrede","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"fra","lemma":"fra","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Land","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"Fædrenes","lemma":"Fædrenes","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, plural","role":"possessor of Land","gloss":"his fathers'"},{"surface":"Land","lemma":"land","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of preposition fra","gloss":"land"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"blive","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Fremmed","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"Fremmed","lemma":"Fremmed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of blev","gloss":"a stranger"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Forjættelsens","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Forjættelsens","lemma":"Forjættelsen","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of Fremmed","gloss":"of promise","note":"This excerpt ends abruptly on the genitive 'Forjættelsens' (of the promise); the noun it modifies (Land, land) is omitted here."}]},{"number":23,"label":"23","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s23","source":"Han lod Eet tilbage, tog Eet med sig; han lod sin jordiske Forstand tilbage, og tog Troen med sig; ellers var han vel ikke vandret ud, men havde tænkt, det er jo urimeligt.","translation":"He left one thing behind, took one thing with him; he left his earthly understanding behind and took faith with him; otherwise he would surely not have gone out, but would have thought it absurd.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"urimeligt","title":"urimeligt — absurd, unreasonable","body":"«urimeligt» (unreasonable, absurd) is what «jordisk Forstand» (earthly understanding/reason) would call God's promise. Leaving reason behind and taking «Troen» instead is precisely Kierkegaard's faith 'by virtue of the absurd'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lod","gloss":"He"},{"surface":"lod","lemma":"lade","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"left"},{"surface":"Eet","lemma":"een","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of lod","gloss":"one thing","note":"Archaic emphatic spelling of 'et' (one)."},{"surface":"tilbage","lemma":"tilbage","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on lod","gloss":"behind"},{"surface":"tog","lemma":"tage","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with lod","gloss":"took"},{"surface":"Eet","lemma":"een","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of tog","gloss":"one thing"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sig","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"oblique complement of tog","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lod","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"lod","lemma":"lade","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with tog","gloss":"left"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Forstand","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"jordiske","lemma":"jordisk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Forstand","gloss":"earthly"},{"surface":"Forstand","lemma":"Forstand","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of lod","gloss":"understanding"},{"surface":"tilbage","lemma":"tilbage","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on lod","gloss":"behind"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tog","lemma":"tage","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with lod","gloss":"took"},{"surface":"Troen","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tog","gloss":"faith"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sig","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"oblique complement of tog","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"ellers","lemma":"ellers","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"otherwise"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of vandret","gloss":"would have"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vandret","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"vel","lemma":"vel","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vandret","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vandret","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"vandret","lemma":"vandre","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"participle of var","gloss":"gone"},{"surface":"ud","lemma":"ud","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on vandret","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tænkt","gloss":"would have"},{"surface":"tænkt","lemma":"tænke","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"coordinated with vandret","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of urimeligt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to urimeligt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"jo","lemma":"jo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies urimeligt","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"urimeligt","lemma":"urimelig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"absurd"}]},{"number":24,"label":"24","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s24","source":"Ved Troen var han en Fremmed i Forjættelsens Land, og der var Intet, der erindrede ham om det Kjære, men Alt fristede ved sin Nyhed hans Sjæl til veemodig Længsel.","translation":"By faith he was a stranger in the land of promise, and there was nothing to remind him of what was dear, but everything by its newness tempted his soul to wistful longing.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"veemodig","title":"veemodig — wistful, melancholy","body":"«veemodig» (modern «vemodig») means wistful or melancholy; «veemodig Længsel» = a sorrowful longing for home. The word recurs through the eulogy («veemodig Qvad», «veemodige … Time») as the human grief Abraham transcends through faith."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Troen","gloss":"By"},{"surface":"Troen","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of Fremmed","gloss":"faith"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Fremmed","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Fremmed","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Fremmed","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Fremmed","lemma":"Fremmed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of var","gloss":"a stranger"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Land","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Forjættelsens","lemma":"Forjættelsen","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Land","gloss":"of promise"},{"surface":"Land","lemma":"Land","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of Fremmed","gloss":"land"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive subject of var","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"Intet","lemma":"Intet","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"notional subject of var","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of erindrede","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"erindrede","lemma":"erindre","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Intet","gloss":"reminded"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of erindrede","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Kjære","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Kjære","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Kjære","lemma":"Kjære","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of erindrede","gloss":"what was dear"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Alt","lemma":"alt","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of fristede","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"fristede","lemma":"friste","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with var","gloss":"tempted"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Nyhed","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Nyhed","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"Nyhed","lemma":"Nyhed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of fristede","gloss":"newness"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Sjæl","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Sjæl","lemma":"sjæl","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of fristede","gloss":"soul"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Længsel","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"veemodig","lemma":"veemodig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Længsel","gloss":"wistful"},{"surface":"Længsel","lemma":"Længsel","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of preposition til","gloss":"longing"}]},{"number":25,"label":"25","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s25","source":"Og dog var han Guds Udvalgte, i hvem Herren havde Velbehag!","translation":"And yet he was God's chosen one, in whom the Lord delighted!","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Guds Udvalgte","title":"Guds Udvalgte — God's chosen one","body":"«Guds Udvalgte» = God's elect/chosen, a phrase that returns several times as the painful irony of Abraham's trials deepens. «havde Velbehag [i]» — took pleasure/delight in — echoes the biblical 'in whom I am well pleased'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Udvalgte","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"Guds","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"proper noun, genitive","role":"modifies Udvalgte","gloss":"God's"},{"surface":"Udvalgte","lemma":"udvalgte","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of var","gloss":"chosen one"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hvem","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"hvem","lemma":"hvem","morphology":"pronoun, relative, common gender","role":"object of preposition i","gloss":"whom"},{"surface":"Herren","lemma":"Herre","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"subject of havde","gloss":"the Lord"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"Velbehag","lemma":"Velbehag","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of havde","gloss":"delight","note":"Idiom: 'have Velbehag i' = 'to delight in,' literally 'to have pleasure.'"}]},{"number":26,"label":"26","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s26","source":"Ja havde han været en Forskudt, frastødt fra Guds Naade, da kunde han bedre have fattet det, nu var det jo som en Spot over ham og over hans Tro.","translation":"Yes, had he been an outcast, thrust away from God's grace, he could have grasped it better; now it was as if a mockery of him and of his faith.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"havde han været","title":"Verb-first counterfactual","body":"«havde han været … da kunde han» fronts the verb to mean 'had he been … then he could' — a counterfactual conditional without «hvis». «Naade» = grace (doubled vowel, modern «nåde»); «Spot» = mockery, scorn."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ja","lemma":"ja","morphology":"interjection","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Yes"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of været","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of været","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"været","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, participle, singular","role":"copula linking to Forskudt","gloss":"been"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Forskudt","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"Forskudt","lemma":"forskudt","morphology":"adjective, singular, used substantively","role":"predicate complement of været","gloss":"outcast"},{"surface":"frastødt","lemma":"frastøde","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"modifies Forskudt","gloss":"thrust away"},{"surface":"fra","lemma":"fra","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Naade","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"Guds","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"proper noun, genitive","role":"possessor of Naade","gloss":"God's"},{"surface":"Naade","lemma":"Naade","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of preposition fra","gloss":"grace"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kunde","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"modal verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"could","note":"Archaic spelling of 'kunne' (could)."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kunde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"bedre","lemma":"god","morphology":"adverb, comparative","role":"modifies fattet","gloss":"better"},{"surface":"have","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of fattet","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"fattet","lemma":"fatte","morphology":"verb, past, participle","role":"complement of have","gloss":"grasped"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of fattet","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"jo","lemma":"jo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Spot","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Spot","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Spot","lemma":"spot","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of preposition som","gloss":"mockery"},{"surface":"over","lemma":"over","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ham","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"object of preposition over","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"over","lemma":"over","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Tro","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Tro","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Tro","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of preposition over","gloss":"faith"}]},{"number":27,"label":"27","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s27","source":"Der var i Verden ogsaa den, der levede forviist fra det fædrene Land, som han elskede.","translation":"There was also in the world the one who lived banished from the fatherland that he loved.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive subject of var","gloss":"There"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Verden","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Verden","lemma":"verden","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of var","gloss":"the world"},{"surface":"ogsaa","lemma":"ogsaa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"notional subject of var","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of levede","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"levede","lemma":"leve","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"lived"},{"surface":"forviist","lemma":"forvise","morphology":"verb, past, participle, used predicatively","role":"predicative complement of levede","gloss":"banished"},{"surface":"fra","lemma":"fra","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Land","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Land","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"fædrene","lemma":"fædren","morphology":"adjective, definite","role":"modifies Land","gloss":"paternal"},{"surface":"Land","lemma":"Land","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of preposition fra","gloss":"land"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"direct object of elskede","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of elskede","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"elskede","lemma":"elske","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Land","gloss":"loved"}]},{"number":28,"label":"28","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s28","source":"Han er ikke glemt, ei heller hans Klagesange, naar han i Veemod søgte og fandt det Tabte.","translation":"He is not forgotten, nor are his songs of lament, when in sorrow he sought and found what was lost.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Klagesange","title":"Klagesange — songs of lament","body":"«Klagesang» = a lament, a song of complaint (a contrast with Abraham, of whom there is no «Klagesang»). «ei heller» (modern «ej heller») = 'nor / neither', an archaic negative; «Veemod» is the noun behind «veemodig»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"He"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of glemt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies glemt","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"glemt","lemma":"glemme","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"forgotten"},{"surface":"ei","lemma":"ei","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies heller","gloss":"nor","note":"Archaic 'ei heller' = 'nor,' literally 'not either.'"},{"surface":"heller","lemma":"heller","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies glemt (elided in this clause)","gloss":"either"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Klagesange","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Klagesange","lemma":"Klagesang","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated subject with Han (elided predicate glemt)","gloss":"songs of lament"},{"surface":"naar","lemma":"naar","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of søgte","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of søgte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Veemod","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Veemod","lemma":"Veemod","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of søgte","gloss":"sorrow"},{"surface":"søgte","lemma":"søge","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"verb of the naar-clause","gloss":"sought"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fandt","lemma":"finde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with søgte","gloss":"found"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Tabte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Tabte","lemma":"tabe","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, past participle used substantively","role":"direct object of fandt","gloss":"what was lost"}]},{"number":29,"label":"29","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s29","source":"Af Abraham er der ingen Klagesang.","translation":"Of Abraham there is no lament.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Abraham","gloss":"Of"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of er","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive subject of er","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Klagesang","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"Klagesang","lemma":"Klagesang","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"notional subject of er","gloss":"lament"}]},{"number":30,"label":"30","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s30","source":"Det er menneskeligt at klage, menneskeligt at græde med den Grædende, men . det er større at troe, saligere at betragte den Troende. .","translation":"It is human to lament, human to weep with the one who weeps, but it is greater to believe, more blessed to contemplate the one who believes.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"saligere","title":"«større … saligere» — greater … more blessed","body":"This is the eulogy's recurring couplet: it is human to grieve, but «større at troe» (greater to believe) and «saligere at betragte den Troende» (more blessed to contemplate the believer). «salig» = blessed/blissful; «den Troende» = the one who believes (the believer). The stray periods around «men . det» and the trailing «.» are print artifacts."}],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"It"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to menneskeligt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"menneskeligt","lemma":"menneskelig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"human"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the infinitive klage","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"klage","lemma":"klage","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"notional subject clause of Det/er","gloss":"to lament"},{"surface":"menneskeligt","lemma":"menneskelig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"second predicate adjective, parallel to menneskeligt (elided Det er)","gloss":"human"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the infinitive græde","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"græde","lemma":"græde","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of menneskeligt","gloss":"to weep"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Grædende","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Grædende","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Grædende","lemma":"grædende","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular, used substantively","role":"object of preposition med","gloss":"the one who weeps"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to større","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"større","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"greater"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the infinitive troe","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"troe","lemma":"troe","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"notional subject clause of det/er","gloss":"to believe","note":"Archaic spelling of 'tro' (to believe)."},{"surface":"saligere","lemma":"salig","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"second predicate adjective, parallel to større (elided det er)","gloss":"more blessed"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the infinitive betragte","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"betragte","lemma":"betragte","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of saligere","gloss":"to contemplate"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Troende","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Troende","lemma":"troende","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular, used substantively","role":"direct object of betragte","gloss":"the one who believes"}]},{"number":31,"label":"31","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s31","source":"Ved Troen modtog Abraham Forjættelsen, at i hans Sæd skulde alle Jordens Slægter velsignes.","translation":"By faith Abraham received the promise that in his seed all the families of the earth should be blessed.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Sæd","title":"Sæd — seed, offspring","body":"«Sæd» = seed, i.e. offspring/descendants (Genesis 22:18). «skulde … velsignes» is the past subjunctive/future-in-past 'should be blessed'; «Slægter» here means the families or peoples of the earth."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Troen","gloss":"By"},{"surface":"Troen","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of modtog","gloss":"faith"},{"surface":"modtog","lemma":"modtage","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"received"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of modtog","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"Forjættelsen","lemma":"forjættelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of modtog","gloss":"the promise"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of velsignes","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Sæd","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Sæd","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Sæd","lemma":"Sæd","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of velsignes","gloss":"seed"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"modal verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of velsignes","gloss":"should"},{"surface":"alle","lemma":"al","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies Slægter","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"Jordens","lemma":"Jorden","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Slægter","gloss":"of the earth"},{"surface":"Slægter","lemma":"slægt","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"subject of velsignes","gloss":"families"},{"surface":"velsignes","lemma":"velsigne","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"main verb of the at-clause, complement to Forjættelsen","gloss":"be blessed"}]},{"number":32,"label":"32","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s32","source":"Tiden gik hen, Muligheden var der, Abraham troede; Tiden gik hen, det blev urimeligt, Abraham troede.","translation":"Time passed, the possibility was there, Abraham believed; time passed, it became absurd, Abraham believed.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tiden","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gik","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"gik","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"passed"},{"surface":"hen","lemma":"hen","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gik","gloss":"by","note":"gik hen is an idiom meaning 'passed' (of time)."},{"surface":"Muligheden","lemma":"mulighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"the possibility"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with gik","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"locative adverb, predicate complement of var","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of troede","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"troede","lemma":"tro","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with var","gloss":"believed"},{"surface":"Tiden","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gik","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"gik","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause","gloss":"passed"},{"surface":"hen","lemma":"hen","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gik","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of urimeligt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"blive","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to urimeligt","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"urimeligt","lemma":"urimelig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"absurd"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of troede","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"troede","lemma":"tro","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with blev","gloss":"believed"}]},{"number":33,"label":"33","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s33","source":"Der var den i Verden, der ogsaa havde en Forventning.","translation":"There was the one in the world who also had an expectation.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive with var","gloss":"There"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"logical subject of the existential var (der var den)","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Verden","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Verden","lemma":"verden","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"modifies den","gloss":"the world"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of havde","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"ogsaa","lemma":"også","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies havde","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Forventning","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"Forventning","lemma":"forventning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of havde","gloss":"expectation"}]},{"number":34,"label":"34","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s34","source":"Tiden gik hen, det lakkede mod Aften, han var ikke ussel nok til at have glemt sin Forventning, derfor skal han heller ikke glemmes.","translation":"Time passed, it drew toward evening; he was not wretched enough to have forgotten his expectation, and therefore he too shall not be forgotten.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"det lakkede mod Aften","title":"«det lakkede mod Aften» — it drew toward evening","body":"«lakke mod» = to draw/approach (of time); «det lakkede mod Aften» idiomatically means life was nearing its evening, i.e. old age. «ussel» = wretched, base."}],"words":[{"surface":"Tiden","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gik","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"gik","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"passed"},{"surface":"hen","lemma":"hen","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gik","gloss":"by","note":"gik hen is an idiom meaning 'passed' (of time)."},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of lakkede","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"lakkede","lemma":"lakke","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with gik","gloss":"drew","note":"lakke (archaic) = to draw near/approach; lakkede mod Aften = drew toward evening."},{"surface":"mod","lemma":"mod","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Aften","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"Aften","lemma":"aften","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of lakkede","gloss":"evening"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to ussel","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ussel","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ussel","lemma":"ussel","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"wretched"},{"surface":"nok","lemma":"nok","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ussel","gloss":"enough"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of glemt","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of glemt","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"have","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of glemt","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"glemt","lemma":"glemme","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"complement of have","gloss":"forgotten"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Forventning","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Forventning","lemma":"forventning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of glemt","gloss":"expectation"},{"surface":"derfor","lemma":"derfor","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies glemmes","gloss":"therefore"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of glemmes","gloss":"shall"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of glemmes","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"heller","lemma":"heller","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ikke","gloss":"too","note":"heller ikke is a fixed idiom meaning 'not...either'."},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies glemmes","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"glemmes","lemma":"glemme","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"main verb of the clause","gloss":"be forgotten"}]},{"number":35,"label":"35","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s35","source":"Da sørgede han, og Sorgen bedrog ham ikke, som Livet havde gjort det, den gjorde for ham Alt hvad den- kunde, i i Sørgens Sødme eiede han sin skuffede Forventning.","translation":"Then he grieved, and the grief did not deceive him as life had done; it did for him all that it could; in the sweetness of sorrow he possessed his disappointed expectation.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Sorgens Sødme","title":"Sorgens Sødme — the sweetness of sorrow","body":"«Sorg» = grief/sorrow; «Sorgens Sødme» (the sweetness of sorrow) is the consolation that grief, unlike life, keeps faith with the grieving. «eiede» = possessed (modern «ejede»). The doubled «i i» and «den- kunde» are scanning artifacts kept verbatim."}],"words":[{"surface":"Da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sørgede","gloss":"Then"},{"surface":"sørgede","lemma":"sørge","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"grieved"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sørgede","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Sorgen","lemma":"sorg","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bedrog","gloss":"the grief"},{"surface":"bedrog","lemma":"bedrage","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with sørgede","gloss":"deceived"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of bedrog","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bedrog","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gjort","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"Livet","lemma":"liv","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of gjort","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gjort","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"gjort","lemma":"gøre","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"adverbial clause on bedrog","gloss":"done"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gjort","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjorde","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"gjorde","lemma":"gøre","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with bedrog","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ham","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gjorde","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"Alt","lemma":"alt","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gjorde","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"introduces the relative clause on Alt","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"den-","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kunde","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"verb of the relative clause introduced by hvad","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"duplicate of the following i (printer's error)","gloss":"in","note":"i is repeated in the source text (a printing error); it is not translated separately."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Sødme","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Sørgens","lemma":"sorg","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Sødme","gloss":"sorrow's"},{"surface":"Sødme","lemma":"sødme","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"complement of i","gloss":"sweetness"},{"surface":"eiede","lemma":"eje","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with gjorde","gloss":"possessed"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of eiede","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Forventning","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"skuffede","lemma":"skuffe","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"modifies Forventning","gloss":"disappointed"},{"surface":"Forventning","lemma":"forventning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of eiede","gloss":"expectation"}]},{"number":36,"label":"36","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s36","source":"Det er menneskeligt at sørge, det er menneskeligt at sørge med den Sørgende, men det er større at troe, saligere at betragte den Troende.","translation":"It is human to grieve, it is human to grieve with the one who grieves, but it is greater to believe, more blessed to contemplate the one who believes.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"den Sørgende","title":"The refrain returns, now with grief","body":"The couplet of s30 returns with «sørge» (to grieve) replacing «klage» (to lament): «den Sørgende» = the one grieving. Kierkegaard reuses the formula to mark each human emotion Abraham's faith surpasses."}],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"It"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to menneskeligt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"menneskeligt","lemma":"menneskelig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"human"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of sørge","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"sørge","lemma":"sørge","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"subject clause of er, extraposed with Det","gloss":"to grieve"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to menneskeligt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"menneskeligt","lemma":"menneskelig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"human"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of sørge","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"sørge","lemma":"sørge","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"subject clause of er, extraposed with det","gloss":"to grieve"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Sørgende","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Sørgende","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Sørgende","lemma":"sørgende","morphology":"adjective","role":"object of med","gloss":"one who grieves"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to større","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"større","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"greater"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of troe","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"troe","lemma":"tro","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal subject of større","gloss":"to believe"},{"surface":"saligere","lemma":"salig","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"coordinated with større","gloss":"more blessed"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of betragte","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"betragte","lemma":"betragte","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal subject of saligere","gloss":"to contemplate"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Troende","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Troende","lemma":"troende","morphology":"adjective","role":"direct object of betragte","gloss":"one who believes"}]},{"number":37,"label":"37","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s37","source":"Af Abraham have vi ingen Sørgesang.","translation":"Of Abraham we have no song of mourning.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"have vi","title":"«have vi» — older plural verb form","body":"«have vi» uses the older plural form «have» (modern «har vi») — Danish once inflected verbs for plural subjects. «Sørgesang» = a song of mourning, a dirge."}],"words":[{"surface":"Af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Abraham","gloss":"Of"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of have","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"have","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"have","note":"have is the archaic plural present of at have (matching the plural subject vi), not the infinitive."},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of have","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Sørgesang","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"Sørgesang","lemma":"sørgesang","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of have","gloss":"song of mourning"}]},{"number":38,"label":"38","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s38","source":"Han talte ikke veemodig Dagene, medens Tiderne gik, han betragtede ikke Sara med mistænksomme Blikke, om hun ikke blev gammel, han standsede ikke Solens Gang, at Sara ikke skulde ældes og med hende hans Forventning, dyssende sang han ikke for Sara sit veemodige Qvad.","translation":"He did not mournfully count the days as the seasons went by; he did not look at Sarah with suspicious glances, to see whether she was not growing old; he did not halt the course of the sun, so that Sarah should not age, and with her his expectation; soothing her, he did not sing to Sarah his wistful song.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Qvad","title":"Qvad — song, lay","body":"«Qvad» (modern «kvad») is an old, elevated word for a song or lay, with the period «Qv-» spelling. «dyssende» = lulling/soothing (as one lulls a child). The four parallel «han … ikke» clauses list all the human anxieties Abraham did not indulge."}],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of talte","gloss":"He"},{"surface":"talte","lemma":"tælle","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"counted","note":"talte here is from tælle 'to count', not tale 'to speak' — the two verbs share this past-tense form."},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies talte","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"veemodig","lemma":"veemodig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies talte","gloss":"mournfully"},{"surface":"Dagene","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of talte","gloss":"the days"},{"surface":"medens","lemma":"medens","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gik","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"Tiderne","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"subject of gik","gloss":"the seasons"},{"surface":"gik","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on talte","gloss":"went by"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of betragtede","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"betragtede","lemma":"betragte","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with talte","gloss":"looked at"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies betragtede","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"Sara","lemma":"Sara","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of betragtede","gloss":"Sarah"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Blikke","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"mistænksomme","lemma":"mistænksom","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies Blikke","gloss":"suspicious"},{"surface":"Blikke","lemma":"blik","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural","role":"object of med","gloss":"glances"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gammel","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"hun","lemma":"hun","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gammel","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"blive","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to gammel","gloss":"grew"},{"surface":"gammel","lemma":"gammel","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of standsede","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"standsede","lemma":"standse","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with betragtede","gloss":"halted"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies standsede","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"Solens","lemma":"sol","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Gang","gloss":"the sun's"},{"surface":"Gang","lemma":"gang","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of standsede","gloss":"course"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ældes","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"Sara","lemma":"Sara","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of ældes","gloss":"Sarah"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies skulde","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ældes","gloss":"should"},{"surface":"ældes","lemma":"ældes","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"purpose clause on standsede","gloss":"age"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hende","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"hende","lemma":"hun","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"object of med","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Forventning","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Forventning","lemma":"forventning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated subject with Sara (of skulde ældes)","gloss":"expectation"},{"surface":"dyssende","lemma":"dysse","morphology":"verb, present, participle","role":"adverbial participle on sang","gloss":"soothing"},{"surface":"sang","lemma":"synge","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause","gloss":"sang","note":"sang here is the past tense of synge 'to sing', not the noun 'song' — Qvad is the noun."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sang","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sang","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Sara","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Sara","lemma":"Sara","morphology":"proper noun","role":"object of for","gloss":"Sarah"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of veemodige","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"veemodige","lemma":"veemodig","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Qvad","gloss":"wistful"},{"surface":"Qvad","lemma":"kvad","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of sang","gloss":"song"}]},{"number":39,"label":"39","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s39","source":"Abrabam blev \" gammel, Sara til Spot i Landet, og dog var han Guds Udvalgte og Arving til Forjættelsen, at i hans Sæd skulde alle Jordens Slægter velsignes.","translation":"Abraham grew old, Sarah a mockery in the land, and yet he was God's chosen one and heir to the promise that in his seed all the families of the earth should be blessed.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Arving til Forjættelsen","title":"Arving til Forjættelsen — heir to the promise","body":"«Arving» = heir; «Arving til Forjættelsen» = heir to the promise. «Abrabam» and the stray «\"» are scanning errors for «Abraham»; «Sara til Spot» = Sarah (become) a mockery, the noun «Spot» (scorn) reused from earlier."}],"words":[{"surface":"Abrabam","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"Abraham","note":"Abrabam is a printing/scanning error for Abraham."},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"blive","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to gammel","gloss":"grew"},{"surface":"gammel","lemma":"gammel","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"Sara","lemma":"Sara","morphology":"proper noun","role":"coordinated with Abrabam","gloss":"Sarah"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Spot","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Spot","lemma":"spot","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of til","gloss":"a mockery"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Landet","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Landet","lemma":"land","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of i","gloss":"the land"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Udvalgte","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"Guds","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Udvalgte","gloss":"God's"},{"surface":"Udvalgte","lemma":"udvalgte","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"chosen one"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Arving","lemma":"arving","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Udvalgte","gloss":"heir"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Forjættelsen","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Forjættelsen","lemma":"forjættelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of til","gloss":"the promise"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of skulde","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Sæd","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Sæd","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Sæd","lemma":"sæd","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of i","gloss":"seed"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of velsignes","gloss":"should"},{"surface":"alle","lemma":"al","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies Slægter","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"Jordens","lemma":"jord","morphology":"noun, genitive","role":"possessor of Slægter","gloss":"the earth's"},{"surface":"Slægter","lemma":"slægt","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"subject of velsignes","gloss":"families"},{"surface":"velsignes","lemma":"velsigne","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"be blessed"}]},{"number":40,"label":"40","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s40","source":"Saa var det jo bedre, at han ikke var Guds Udvalgte?","translation":"So then, would it not have been better that he was not God's chosen one?","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bedre","gloss":"So"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to bedre","gloss":"would be"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"jo","lemma":"jo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bedre","gloss":"surely","note":"jo is a modal particle adding rhetorical emphasis; it has no direct English equivalent."},{"surface":"bedre","lemma":"god","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"better"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of var","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Udvalgte","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"Guds","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Udvalgte","gloss":"God's"},{"surface":"Udvalgte","lemma":"udvalgte","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"chosen one"}]},{"number":41,"label":"41","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s41","source":"Hvad er det at være Guds Udvalgte?","translation":"What is it to be God's chosen one?","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"What"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Hvad","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of være","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to Udvalgte","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"Guds","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Udvalgte","gloss":"God's"},{"surface":"Udvalgte","lemma":"udvalgte","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"chosen one"}]},{"number":42,"label":"42","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s42","source":"Er det at blive negtet i Ungdommen Ungdommens Ønske, for med stor Besværlighed at faae det opfyldt i Alderdommen.","translation":"Is it to be denied in youth the wish of youth, only to have it fulfilled with great difficulty in old age?","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"negtet","title":"negtet — denied, refused","body":"«negtet» (modern «nægtet») = denied/refused. The orthographic difference is a vowel change: the period spelling uses «e» where modern Danish writes «æ» (negtet → nægtet). «Ønske» = wish/desire; the play «i Ungdommen Ungdommens Ønske» — denied in youth the wish of youth — frames Abraham's long deferral."}],"words":[{"surface":"Er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to negtet","gloss":"Is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of Er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of negtet","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"blive","lemma":"blive","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to negtet","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"negtet","lemma":"nægte","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"complement of blive","gloss":"denied"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Ungdommen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Ungdommen","lemma":"ungdom","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of i","gloss":"youth"},{"surface":"Ungdommens","lemma":"ungdom","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Ønske","gloss":"youth's"},{"surface":"Ønske","lemma":"ønske","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of negtet","gloss":"the wish"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the purpose clause of faae (paired with at)","gloss":"in order","note":"for ... at faae together form for at, 'in order to', split here by the phrase med stor Besværlighed."},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Besværlighed","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Besværlighed","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"Besværlighed","lemma":"besværlighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of med","gloss":"difficulty"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of faae","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"faae","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"verb of the purpose clause (for at faae)","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of faae","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"opfyldt","lemma":"opfylde","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"complement of faae","gloss":"fulfilled"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Alderdommen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Alderdommen","lemma":"alderdom","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of i","gloss":"old age"}]},{"number":43,"label":"43","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s43","source":"Men Abraham troede og holdt Forjættelsen fast.","translation":"But Abraham believed and held the promise fast.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"But"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of troede","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"troede","lemma":"tro","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"believed"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"holdt","lemma":"holde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with troede","gloss":"held"},{"surface":"Forjættelsen","lemma":"forjættelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of holdt","gloss":"the promise"},{"surface":"fast","lemma":"fast","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on holdt","gloss":"fast"}]},{"number":44,"label":"44","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s44","source":"Hvis Abraham havde vaklet, da havde han opgivet den.","translation":"If Abraham had wavered, then he would have given it up.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"vaklet","title":"vaklet — wavered","body":"«vakle» = to waver, totter, be unsteady; faith's opposite here. «Hvis … havde … da havde han» is the explicit-«hvis» counterfactual ('if … had …, then he would have …')."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hvis","lemma":"hvis","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vaklet","gloss":"If"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of vaklet","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of vaklet","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"vaklet","lemma":"vakle","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the conditional clause","gloss":"wavered"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of opgivet","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of opgivet","gloss":"would have"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of opgivet","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"opgivet","lemma":"opgive","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the consequent clause","gloss":"given up"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of opgivet","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":45,"label":"45","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s45","source":"Han havde sagt til Gud: »Såaa er det dog maaskee ikke Din Villie, at det skal skee, saa vil jeg opgive Ønsket; det var mit eneste, det var min Salighed.","translation":"He would have said to God: \"So then it is perhaps not your will that it should happen; then I will give up the wish; it was my only one, it was my bliss.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"»","title":"Danish quotation marks »…«","body":"Danish opens direct speech with a right-pointing «»» and closes with a left-pointing ««» — the reverse of German. «Villie» (modern «vilje») = will; «Salighed» = bliss/blessedness. «Såaa» / «skee» preserve the source's spelling and a stray accent."}],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sagt","gloss":"He"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of sagt","gloss":"would have"},{"surface":"sagt","lemma":"sige","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Gud","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sagt","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"Såaa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"So","note":"Såaa is a printing error (doubled a) for Saa, 'so'."},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Villie","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"maaskee","lemma":"måske","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"perhaps"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Villie","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"Din","lemma":"din","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Villie","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"Villie","lemma":"vilje","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of skee","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of skee","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of skee","gloss":"should"},{"surface":"skee","lemma":"ske","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement clause of Villie","gloss":"happen"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies opgive","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"vil","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of opgive","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of opgive","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"opgive","lemma":"opgive","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the clause","gloss":"give up"},{"surface":"Ønsket","lemma":"ønske","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of opgive","gloss":"the wish"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to eneste","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"mit","lemma":"min","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of eneste","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"eneste","lemma":"eneste","morphology":"adjective","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"only one"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Salighed","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"min","lemma":"min","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Salighed","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"Salighed","lemma":"salighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"bliss"}]},{"number":46,"label":"46","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s46","source":"Min Sjæl er oprigtig, jeg skjuler intet hemmeligt Nag, fordi Du negtede det.”","translation":"My soul is sincere; I hide no secret resentment because you denied it.\"","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Nag","title":"Nag — grudge, resentment","body":"«Nag» = a grudge, rancor, lingering resentment; «skjule … Nag» = to harbor a hidden grudge. «skjuler» keeps the period «skj-» spelling. The closing «”» here stands in for the Danish ««»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Min","lemma":"min","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Sjæl","gloss":"My"},{"surface":"Sjæl","lemma":"sjæl","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"soul"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to oprigtig","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"oprigtig","lemma":"oprigtig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"sincere"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of skjuler","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"skjuler","lemma":"skjule","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with er","gloss":"hide"},{"surface":"intet","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Nag","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"hemmeligt","lemma":"hemmelig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"modifies Nag","gloss":"secret"},{"surface":"Nag","lemma":"nag","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of skjuler","gloss":"resentment"},{"surface":"fordi","lemma":"fordi","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of negtede","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of negtede","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"negtede","lemma":"nægte","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on skjuler","gloss":"denied"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of negtede","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":47,"label":"47","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s47","source":"Han skulde ikke være glemt, han skulde have frelst Mange ved sit Exempel, men dog ikke være bleven Troens Fader; thi det er stort at opgive sit Ønske, men det er større at fastholde det, efter at have opgivet det; det er stort at gribe det Evige, men det er større at fastholde det Timelige, efterat have opgivet det.","translation":"He would not have been forgotten; he would have saved many by his example, yet would not have become the father of faith; for it is great to give up one's wish, but greater to hold it fast after having given it up; it is great to lay hold of the eternal, but greater to hold fast to the temporal after having given it up.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Troens Fader","title":"Troens Fader — the father of faith","body":"«Troens Fader» = the father of faith, Abraham's defining title. The paradox sharpens: «det Evige» (the eternal) is easier than «det Timelige» (the temporal) — true faith holds fast to the finite/temporal even after surrendering it. «frelst» = saved; «Exempel» = example."}],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of glemt","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulde","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of glemt","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies glemt","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of glemt","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"glemt","lemma":"glemme","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"complement of være","gloss":"forgotten"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of have","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulde","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of have","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"have","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of frelst","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"frelst","lemma":"frelse","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"complement of have","gloss":"saved"},{"surface":"Mange","lemma":"mange","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"direct object of frelst","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Exempel","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Exempel","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Exempel","lemma":"Exempel","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of ved","gloss":"example"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bleven","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bleven","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of bleven","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"bleven","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"complement of være","gloss":"become","note":"Archaic past participle of blive ('become'); modern Danish uses blevet."},{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Fader","gloss":"of faith"},{"surface":"Fader","lemma":"fader","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of bleven","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of stort","gloss":"for","note":"thi is archaic Danish for 'for, because,' giving a reason."},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of stort","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to stort","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"stort","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of opgive","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"opgive","lemma":"opgive","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"subject clause of stort","gloss":"give up"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Ønske","gloss":"one's"},{"surface":"Ønske","lemma":"Ønske","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of opgive","gloss":"wish"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of større","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to større","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"større","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"greater"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of fastholde","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"fastholde","lemma":"fastholde","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"subject clause of større","gloss":"hold fast"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of fastholde","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of opgivet","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of opgivet","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"have","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of opgivet","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"opgivet","lemma":"opgive","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"adverbial clause on fastholde","gloss":"given up"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of opgivet","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of stort","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to stort","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"stort","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of gribe","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"gribe","lemma":"gribe","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"subject clause of stort","gloss":"lay hold of"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Evige","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Evige","lemma":"Evige","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"direct object of gribe","gloss":"eternal"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of større","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to større","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"større","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"greater"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of fastholde","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"fastholde","lemma":"fastholde","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"subject clause of større","gloss":"hold fast to"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Timelige","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Timelige","lemma":"Timelig","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"direct object of fastholde","gloss":"temporal"},{"surface":"efterat","lemma":"efterat","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of opgivet","gloss":"after","note":"One-word spelling of efter at ('after'), common in 19th-century Danish."},{"surface":"have","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of opgivet","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"opgivet","lemma":"opgive","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"adverbial clause on fastholde","gloss":"given up"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of opgivet","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":48,"label":"48","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s48","source":"— Da kom Tidens Fylde.","translation":"— Then came the fullness of time.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komme","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"Tidens","lemma":"Tid","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Fylde","gloss":"of time"},{"surface":"Fylde","lemma":"Fylde","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"fullness"}]},{"number":49,"label":"49","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s49","source":"Havde Abraham ikke troet, da var vel Sara død af Sorg, og Abraham, sløvet i Græmmelse, havde ikke forstaaet Opfyldelsen, men smilet ad den som ad en Ungdoms Drøm.","translation":"Had Abraham not believed, then Sarah would surely have died of grief, and Abraham, dulled by anguish, would not have understood the fulfillment, but would have smiled at it as at a dream of youth.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Græmmelse","title":"sløvet i Græmmelse — dulled by anguish","body":"«Græmmelse» = grief, anguish, mortification; «sløvet» = blunted, made dull/apathetic. «Opfyldelsen» = the fulfillment (of the promise). Another verb-first counterfactual: «Havde Abraham ikke troet, da var …»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of troet","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of Havde","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies troet","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"troet","lemma":"tro","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the conditional clause","gloss":"believed"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to død","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"vel","lemma":"vel","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"Sara","lemma":"Sara","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of død","gloss":"Sarah"},{"surface":"død","lemma":"død","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"predicate complement of var","gloss":"dead"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Sorg","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Sorg","lemma":"Sorg","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of af","gloss":"grief"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of havde","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"sløvet","lemma":"sløve","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"modifies Abraham","gloss":"dulled"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Græmmelse","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"Græmmelse","lemma":"Græmmelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sløvet","gloss":"anguish"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of forstaaet","gloss":"would have"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forstaaet","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"forstaaet","lemma":"forstaa","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"complement of havde","gloss":"understood"},{"surface":"Opfyldelsen","lemma":"Opfyldelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"direct object of forstaaet","gloss":"the fulfillment"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"smilet","lemma":"smile","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"coordinated with forstaaet","gloss":"smiled"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking den","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"object of ad","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ad","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Drøm","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Drøm","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Ungdoms","lemma":"Ungdom","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Drøm","gloss":"youth's"},{"surface":"Drøm","lemma":"Drøm","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of ad","gloss":"dream"}]},{"number":50,"label":"50","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s50","source":"Men Abraham troede, derfor var han ung; thi den, der altid haaber det Bedste, han bliver gammel, bedraget af Livet, og den, der altid er forberedt paa det Værste, han bliver tidlig gammel.","translation":"But Abraham believed, and therefore he was young; for he who always hopes for the best grows old, deceived by life, and he who is always prepared for the worst grows old early.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"den, der … han","title":"Resumptive «han» after a fronted relative","body":"«den, der altid haaber det Bedste, han bliver gammel» repeats the subject with «han» after the long relative clause — a common spoken-rhetorical Danish pattern Kierkegaard uses for emphasis. «haaber» keeps the doubled vowel (modern «håber»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of troede","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"troede","lemma":"tro","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"believed"},{"surface":"derfor","lemma":"derfor","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"therefore"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to ung","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ung","lemma":"ung","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of var","gloss":"young"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of bliver","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bliver","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of haaber","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"altid","lemma":"altid","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies haaber","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"haaber","lemma":"haabe","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"hopes for"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Bedste","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Bedste","lemma":"Bedste","morphology":"adjective, superlative","role":"direct object of haaber","gloss":"best"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bliver","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"bliver","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to gammel","gloss":"grows"},{"surface":"gammel","lemma":"gammel","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of bliver","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"bedraget","lemma":"bedrage","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"modifies han","gloss":"deceived"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Livet","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"Livet","lemma":"liv","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"oblique complement of bedraget","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bliver","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of forberedt","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"altid","lemma":"altid","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forberedt","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to forberedt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"forberedt","lemma":"forberede","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"prepared"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Værste","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Værste","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Værste","lemma":"Værste","morphology":"adjective, superlative","role":"oblique complement of forberedt","gloss":"worst"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bliver","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"bliver","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to gammel","gloss":"grows"},{"surface":"tidlig","lemma":"tidlig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gammel","gloss":"early"},{"surface":"gammel","lemma":"gammel","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of bliver","gloss":"old"}]},{"number":51,"label":"51","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s51","source":"men den, der troer, han bevarer en evig Ungdom.","translation":"but he who believes preserves an eternal youth.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"evig Ungdom","title":"evig Ungdom — eternal youth","body":"The triad closes: the optimist and the pessimist both grow old, but «den, der troer» (he who believes) keeps «en evig Ungdom» (an eternal youth). «bevarer» = preserves/keeps. The clause runs on from the previous sentence with a lowercase «men»."}],"words":[{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bevarer","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of troer","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"troer","lemma":"tro","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"believes"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bevarer","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"bevarer","lemma":"bevare","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"preserves"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Ungdom","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"evig","lemma":"evig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Ungdom","gloss":"eternal"},{"surface":"Ungdom","lemma":"Ungdom","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of bevarer","gloss":"youth"}]},{"number":52,"label":"52","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s52","source":"Priset derfor hiin Fortælling!","translation":"Praised therefore be that story!","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Priset","title":"«Priset!» — praised be (optative participle)","body":"«Priset derfor hiin Fortælling!» uses the past participle «priset» (praised) as an exclamatory optative — 'praised be that tale!'. «hiin» is again the remote demonstrative 'that'; «Fortælling» = story/tale."}],"words":[{"surface":"Priset","lemma":"prise","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"predicate of Fortælling","gloss":"praised","note":"Elliptical optative — være ('be') is understood: 'Priset [være] ... Fortælling' = 'Praised be that story!'"},{"surface":"derfor","lemma":"derfor","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Priset","gloss":"therefore"},{"surface":"hiin","lemma":"hiin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Fortælling","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Fortælling","lemma":"Fortælling","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Priset","gloss":"story"}]},{"number":53,"label":"53","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s53","source":"Thi Sara, skjøndt alderstegen, var ung nok til at begjære Moderens Lyst, og Abraham, skjøndt graahærdet, var ung nok til at ønske at være Fader.","translation":"For Sarah, though far advanced in years, was young enough to desire a mother's delight, and Abraham, though gray-haired, was young enough to wish to be a father.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"skjøndt","title":"skjøndt — although","body":"«skjøndt» (modern «skønt») = although, with the period «skj-» spelling. «alderstegen» = advanced in years; «graahærdet» = gray-haired (doubled «aa»); «begjære» = to desire (with period «gj-»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of var","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"Sara","lemma":"Sara","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of var","gloss":"Sarah"},{"surface":"skjøndt","lemma":"skjøndt","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of alderstegen","gloss":"though"},{"surface":"alderstegen","lemma":"alderstegen","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Sara","gloss":"advanced in years"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to ung","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"ung","lemma":"ung","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"young"},{"surface":"nok","lemma":"nok","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ung","gloss":"enough"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of begjære","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of begjære","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"begjære","lemma":"begjære","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on nok","gloss":"desire"},{"surface":"Moderens","lemma":"Moder","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Lyst","gloss":"a mother's"},{"surface":"Lyst","lemma":"Lyst","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of begjære","gloss":"delight"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of var","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"skjøndt","lemma":"skjøndt","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of graahærdet","gloss":"though"},{"surface":"graahærdet","lemma":"graahærdet","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Abraham","gloss":"gray-haired"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to ung","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"ung","lemma":"ung","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"young"},{"surface":"nok","lemma":"nok","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ung","gloss":"enough"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of ønske","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of ønske","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ønske","lemma":"ønske","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on nok","gloss":"wish"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of være","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to Fader","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"Fader","lemma":"Fader","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of være","gloss":"a father"}]},{"number":54,"label":"54","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s54","source":"I udvortes Henseende ligger det Vidunderlige i, at det skete efter deres Forventning, i dybere Forstand ligger Troens Vidunder i, at Abraham og Sara vare unge nok til at ønske, og at Troen havde bevaret deres Ønske og dermed deres Ungdom.","translation":"In outward respect the wonder lies in this, that it happened according to their expectation; in a deeper sense the miracle of faith lies in this, that Abraham and Sarah were young enough to wish, and that faith had preserved their wish and with it their youth.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Troens Vidunder","title":"Troens Vidunder — the miracle of faith","body":"«det Vidunderlige» (the wondrous thing) is distinguished from «Troens Vidunder» (the miracle/marvel of faith): the outward wonder is fulfillment, but the deeper marvel is that faith kept their desire alive. «vare» is the older plural past 'were' (modern «var»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"I","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Henseende","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"udvortes","lemma":"udvortes","morphology":"adjective, invariant","role":"modifies Henseende","gloss":"outward"},{"surface":"Henseende","lemma":"Henseende","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of I","gloss":"respect"},{"surface":"ligger","lemma":"ligge","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lies"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Vidunderlige","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Vidunderlige","lemma":"Vidunderlig","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"subject of ligger","gloss":"wonder"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of skete","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of skete","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of skete","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"skete","lemma":"ske","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of ligger","gloss":"happened"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Forventning","gloss":"according to"},{"surface":"deres","lemma":"deres","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Forventning","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"Forventning","lemma":"Forventning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of efter","gloss":"expectation"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Forstand","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"dybere","lemma":"dyb","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"modifies Forstand","gloss":"deeper"},{"surface":"Forstand","lemma":"forstand","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of i","gloss":"sense"},{"surface":"ligger","lemma":"ligge","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lies"},{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Vidunder","gloss":"faith's"},{"surface":"Vidunder","lemma":"Vidunder","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of ligger","gloss":"miracle"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of vare","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vare","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of vare","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Sara","lemma":"Sara","morphology":"proper noun","role":"coordinated with Abraham","gloss":"Sarah"},{"surface":"vare","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active, plural","role":"copula linking to unge","gloss":"were","note":"vare is the archaic plural past tense of være ('to be')."},{"surface":"unge","lemma":"ung","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"predicate complement of vare","gloss":"young"},{"surface":"nok","lemma":"nok","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies unge","gloss":"enough"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of ønske","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of ønske","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ønske","lemma":"ønske","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on vare","gloss":"wish"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of bevaret","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Troen","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"subject of havde","gloss":"faith"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of bevaret","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"bevaret","lemma":"bevare","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"complement of havde","gloss":"preserved"},{"surface":"deres","lemma":"deres","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Ønske","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"Ønske","lemma":"Ønske","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of bevaret","gloss":"wish"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dermed","lemma":"dermed","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bevaret","gloss":"with it"},{"surface":"deres","lemma":"deres","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Ungdom","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"Ungdom","lemma":"ungdom","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of bevaret","gloss":"youth"}]},{"number":55,"label":"55","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s55","source":"Han modtog Forjættelsens Opfyldelse, han modtog den troende, og det skete efter Forjættelsen og efter Troen; thi Moses slog Klippen med sin Stav, men han troede ikke.","translation":"He received the fulfillment of the promise, he received it believing, and it happened according to the promise and according to faith; for Moses struck the rock with his staff, but he did not believe.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of modtog","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"modtog","lemma":"modtage","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"received"},{"surface":"Forjættelsens","lemma":"Forjættelse","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Opfyldelse","gloss":"of the promise"},{"surface":"Opfyldelse","lemma":"Opfyldelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of modtog","gloss":"fulfillment"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of modtog","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"modtog","lemma":"modtage","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with modtog","gloss":"received"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of modtog","gloss":"it","note":"den refers back to Opfyldelse; troende describes Han, not den — 'he received it, believing.'"},{"surface":"troende","lemma":"troende","morphology":"verb, present, participle","role":"modifies Han","gloss":"believing"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of skete","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"skete","lemma":"ske","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with modtog","gloss":"happened"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Forjættelsen","gloss":"according to"},{"surface":"Forjættelsen","lemma":"forjættelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"object of efter","gloss":"the promise"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Troen","gloss":"according to"},{"surface":"Troen","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"object of efter","gloss":"faith"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of slog","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"Moses","lemma":"Moses","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of slog","gloss":"Moses"},{"surface":"slog","lemma":"slå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the thi-clause","gloss":"struck"},{"surface":"Klippen","lemma":"Klippen","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"direct object of slog","gloss":"the rock"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Stav","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Stav","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Stav","lemma":"stav","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of med","gloss":"staff"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of troede","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"troede","lemma":"tro","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the men-clause","gloss":"believed"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies troede","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":56,"label":"56","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s56","source":"Da var der Glæde i Abrahams Huus, da Sara stod Brud paa Guldbryllupsdagen.","translation":"Then there was joy in Abraham's house, when Sarah stood as a bride on the golden-wedding day.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Guldbryllupsdagen","title":"Guldbryllupsdagen — the golden-wedding day","body":"«Guldbryllup» = a golden (50th) wedding anniversary; the image of aged Sarah standing «Brud» (a bride) on the «Guldbryllupsdag» fuses old age with new birth. «Glæde» = joy."}],"words":[{"surface":"Da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive with var","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"Glæde","lemma":"glæde","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"joy"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Abrahams","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Abrahams","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"possessor of Huus","gloss":"Abraham's"},{"surface":"Huus","lemma":"Huus","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of i","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of stod","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"Sara","lemma":"Sara","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of stod","gloss":"Sarah"},{"surface":"stod","lemma":"stå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on var","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"Brud","lemma":"Brud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of stod","gloss":"bride","note":"A predicate noun without an article — stod Brud literally 'stood bride' means 'stood as a bride.'"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Guldbryllupsdagen","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"Guldbryllupsdagen","lemma":"guldbryllupsdag","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"object of paa","gloss":"the golden-wedding day"}]},{"number":57,"label":"57","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s57","source":"Dog saaledes skulde det ikke blive; endnu engang skulde Abraham forsøges.","translation":"Yet it was not to remain so; once again Abraham was to be tested.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"forsøges","title":"forsøges — to be tested/tried","body":"«forsøge» here means to put to the test/try (as God «fristede» Abraham); «skulde forsøges» = 'was to be tried'. This sentence pivots the eulogy from the long wait toward the binding of Isaac."}],"words":[{"surface":"Dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies skulde","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies skulde","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulde","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of blive","gloss":"was to"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of blive","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies blive","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"blive","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of skulde","gloss":"remain"},{"surface":"endnu","lemma":"endnu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies engang","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"engang","lemma":"engang","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies skulde","gloss":"once"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulde","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of forsøges","gloss":"was to"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of forsøges","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"forsøges","lemma":"forsøge","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"complement of skulde","gloss":"be tested"}]},{"number":58,"label":"58","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s58","source":"Han havde kæmpet med hiin snilde Magt, der opfinder Alt, med hiin aarvaagne Fjende, der aldrig blunder, med hiin gamle Mand, der overlever Alt, — han havde kæmpet med Tiden og bevaret Troen.","translation":"He had struggled with that cunning power which invents everything, with that vigilant foe which never slumbers, with that old man who outlives everything — he had struggled with time and kept his faith.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"kæmpet med Tiden","title":"The three figures of Time","body":"The «snilde Magt» (cunning power), «aarvaagne Fjende» (vigilant foe), and «gamle Mand, der overlever Alt» (old man who outlives all) are three faces of one enemy, named in the last clause: «Tiden» (Time). «snild» = cunning/crafty; «aarvaagen» = vigilant, watchful."}],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kæmpet","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of kæmpet","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"kæmpet","lemma":"kæmpe","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"struggled"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hiin","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"hiin","lemma":"hiin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Magt","gloss":"that","note":"hiin is an archaic demonstrative meaning 'that (yon)', replaced by den/det in modern Danish."},{"surface":"snilde","lemma":"snild","morphology":"adjective, singular, definite","role":"modifies Magt","gloss":"cunning"},{"surface":"Magt","lemma":"magt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of med","gloss":"power"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of opfinder","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"opfinder","lemma":"opfinde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Magt","gloss":"invents"},{"surface":"Alt","lemma":"al","morphology":"pronoun, indefinite, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of opfinder","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hiin","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"hiin","lemma":"hiin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Fjende","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"aarvaagne","lemma":"aarvaagen","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Fjende","gloss":"vigilant"},{"surface":"Fjende","lemma":"Fjende","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of med","gloss":"foe"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of blunder","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"aldrig","lemma":"aldrig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies blunder","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"blunder","lemma":"blunde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Fjende","gloss":"slumbers"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hiin","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"hiin","lemma":"hiin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Mand","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"gamle","lemma":"gammel","morphology":"adjective, singular, definite","role":"modifies Mand","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"Mand","lemma":"Mand","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of med","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of overlever","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"overlever","lemma":"overleve","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Mand","gloss":"outlives"},{"surface":"Alt","lemma":"al","morphology":"pronoun, indefinite, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of overlever","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kæmpet","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of kæmpet","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"kæmpet","lemma":"kæmpe","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"struggled"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Tiden","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Tiden","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"object of med","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bevaret","lemma":"bevare","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"coordinated with kæmpet","gloss":"kept"},{"surface":"Troen","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"direct object of bevaret","gloss":"faith"}]},{"number":59,"label":"59","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s59","source":"Nu blev al Stridens Forfærdelse samlet i eet Øieblik.","translation":"Now all the terror of the struggle was gathered into a single moment.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Øieblik","title":"Øieblik — moment, instant","body":"«Øieblik» (modern «øjeblik») = a moment/instant, literally 'the blink of an eye' — a charged term in Kierkegaard. «Forfærdelse» = terror, horror; «Strid» = struggle/strife. The whole prior struggle now condenses into one instant of trial."}],"words":[{"surface":"Nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies samlet","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"blive","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of samlet","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Forfærdelse","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"Stridens","lemma":"strid","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Forfærdelse","gloss":"the struggle's"},{"surface":"Forfærdelse","lemma":"forfærdelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of samlet","gloss":"terror"},{"surface":"samlet","lemma":"samle","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"gathered"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Øieblik","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"eet","lemma":"eet","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Øieblik","gloss":"one","note":"eet Øieblik idiomatically means 'a single moment' — eet ('one') is used here for emphasis."},{"surface":"Øieblik","lemma":"Øieblik","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of i","gloss":"moment"}]},{"number":60,"label":"60","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s60","source":"»Og Gud fristede Abraham og sagde til ham, tag Isaak Din eneste Søn, som Du elsker, gaa hen i det Land Morija og offer ham der til Brændoffer paa et Bjerg, som jeg vil vise Dig.”","translation":"\"And God tempted Abraham and said to him: take Isaac your only son, whom you love, go to the land of Moriah and offer him there as a burnt offering on a mountain that I will show you.\"","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"fristede / Brændoffer","title":"fristede — tempted/tested; Brændoffer — burnt offering","body":"«friste» means both 'tempt' and 'put to the test' — the ambiguity is central to «Frygt og Bæven». This quotes Genesis 22: «Brændoffer» = burnt offering; «Morija» = Moriah. The polite capitalized «Du / Din / Dig» (you/your) marks God addressing Abraham with formal weight."}],"words":[{"surface":"Og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fristede","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"fristede","lemma":"friste","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"tempted"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of fristede","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sagde","lemma":"sige","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with fristede","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ham","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sagde","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"tag","lemma":"tage","morphology":"verb, imperative","role":"main verb of the quoted command","gloss":"take","note":"Archaic imperative of 'tage' (to take) opening God's quoted command — not the noun 'tag' (roof)."},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of tag","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"Din","lemma":"din","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Søn","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"eneste","lemma":"eneste","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies Søn","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"Søn","lemma":"Søn","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"in apposition to Isaak","gloss":"son"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"direct object of elsker","gloss":"whom"},{"surface":"Du","lemma":"Du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of elsker","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"elsker","lemma":"elske","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Søn","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"gaa","lemma":"gaa","morphology":"verb, imperative","role":"coordinated with tag","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"hen","lemma":"hen","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gaa","gloss":"off"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Land","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Land","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Land","lemma":"land","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of i","gloss":"land"},{"surface":"Morija","lemma":"Morija","morphology":"proper noun","role":"in apposition to Land","gloss":"Moriah"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"offer","lemma":"ofre","morphology":"verb, imperative","role":"coordinated with tag and gaa","gloss":"offer"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of offer","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies offer","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Brændoffer","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"Brændoffer","lemma":"brændoffer","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of offer","gloss":"burnt offering"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Bjerg","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Bjerg","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Bjerg","lemma":"bjerg","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of offer","gloss":"mountain"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"direct object of vise","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vise","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"vil","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of vise","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"vise","lemma":"vise","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"relative clause on Bjerg","gloss":"show"},{"surface":"Dig","lemma":"Du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of vise","gloss":"you"}]},{"number":61,"label":"61","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s61","source":"Saa var da Alt forspildt, forfærdeligere end om det aldrig var skeet!","translation":"So then everything was lost, more dreadful than if it had never happened!","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"forspildt","title":"forspildt — wasted, lost, forfeited","body":"«forspildt» = squandered/forfeited/lost — the refrain «Alt var forspildt» (everything was lost) tolls through the next passage. «forfærdeligere» = more dreadful; «skeet» (modern «sket») = happened."}],"words":[{"surface":"Saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forspildt","gloss":"So"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of forspildt","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forspildt","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"Alt","lemma":"al","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of forspildt","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"forspildt","lemma":"forspilde","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lost"},{"surface":"forfærdeligere","lemma":"forfærdelig","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"coordinated with forspildt","gloss":"more dreadful"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the comparison clause","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the conditional clause of skeet","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of skeet","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"aldrig","lemma":"aldrig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies skeet","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of skeet","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"skeet","lemma":"ske","morphology":"verb, past, participle","role":"verb of the clause introduced by om","gloss":"happened"}]},{"number":62,"label":"62","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s62","source":"Saa drev Herren da kun sin Spot med Abraham!","translation":"So the Lord was only mocking Abraham after all!","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"drev … sin Spot med","title":"«drive Spot med» — to mock","body":"«drive Spot med [nogen]» is an idiom, 'to make a mockery of / to mock [someone]'. «Spot» (scorn, mockery) returns a third time, now voicing Abraham's anguished suspicion that the promise was a cruel joke."}],"words":[{"surface":"Saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies drev","gloss":"So"},{"surface":"drev","lemma":"drive","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"made","note":"Idiom 'drive Spot med' = 'to mock, make sport of' — the sense is spread across drev...Spot...med."},{"surface":"Herren","lemma":"Herre","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"subject of drev","gloss":"the Lord"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies drev","gloss":"after all"},{"surface":"kun","lemma":"kun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies drev","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Spot","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Spot","lemma":"spot","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of drev","gloss":"mockery"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Abraham","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of drev","gloss":"Abraham"}]},{"number":63,"label":"63","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s63","source":"Vidunderligt gjorde han det Urimelige virkeligt, nu vilde han atter see det tilintetgjort.","translation":"Wondrously he had made the absurd real; now he would once more see it annihilated.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"tilintetgjort","title":"det Urimelige … tilintetgjort","body":"«det Urimelige» (the absurd) made «virkeligt» (real) is faith's wonder; «tilintetgjort» = annihilated, reduced to nothing. The same paradox of the absurd that brought Isaac now threatens to destroy him."}],"words":[{"surface":"Vidunderligt","lemma":"vidunderligt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gjorde","gloss":"Wondrously"},{"surface":"gjorde","lemma":"gøre","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjorde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Urimelige","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Urimelige","lemma":"urimelig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular, definite","role":"direct object of gjorde","gloss":"absurd"},{"surface":"virkeligt","lemma":"virkelig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"object complement of gjorde","gloss":"real"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vilde","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"vilde","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of see","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of see","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"atter","lemma":"atter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies see","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"see","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of vilde","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of see","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"tilintetgjort","lemma":"tilintetgøre","morphology":"verb, past, participle","role":"object complement of see","gloss":"annihilated"}]},{"number":64,"label":"64","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s64","source":"Det var jo en Daarskab, men Abraham loe ikke deraf, som Sara, da Forjættelsen blev forkyndt.","translation":"It was indeed a folly, but Abraham did not laugh at it, as Sarah had laughed when the promise was proclaimed.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"loe / Daarskab","title":"loe — laughed; Daarskab — folly","body":"«loe» is the older past tense of «le» (to laugh) — Sarah laughed at the promise (Genesis 18). «Daarskab» = folly/foolishness, echoing the earlier 'wisdom whose secret is folly'. «forkyndt» = proclaimed/announced."},{"kind":"grammar","term":"blev forkyndt","title":"The «blive»-passive","body":"«da Forjættelsen blev forkyndt» ('when the Promise was proclaimed'): «blive» (here past «blev») + past participle forms the event-passive, naming a single happening — distinct from the general-rule «-s» passive."}],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"It"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"jo","lemma":"jo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Daarskab","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Daarskab","lemma":"daarskab","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of var","gloss":"folly"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of loe","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"loe","lemma":"le","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with var","gloss":"laughed"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies loe","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"deraf","lemma":"deraf","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies loe","gloss":"at it"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the comparison with Sara","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"Sara","lemma":"Sara","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of elided loe (comparison)","gloss":"Sarah"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of forkyndt","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"Forjættelsen","lemma":"forjættelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"subject of forkyndt","gloss":"the promise"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"blive","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of forkyndt","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"forkyndt","lemma":"forkynde","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"verb of the clause introduced by da","gloss":"proclaimed"}]},{"number":65,"label":"65","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s65","source":"Alt var forspildt!","translation":"Everything was lost!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Alt","lemma":"al","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of forspildt","gloss":"Everything"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of forspildt","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"forspildt","lemma":"forspilde","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lost"}]},{"number":66,"label":"66","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s66","source":"70 Aars trofaste Forventning, den korte Glæde ved Troens Opfyldelse.","translation":"Seventy years of faithful expectation, the brief joy of faith's fulfillment.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"trofaste Forventning","title":"trofaste Forventning — faithful expectation","body":"«trofast» = faithful, loyal, steadfast. «70 Aars … Forventning» measures the long deferral against «den korte Glæde» (the brief joy) of fulfillment, now seemingly forfeit. «Aar» (year) keeps the doubled vowel."}],"words":[{"surface":"Aars","lemma":"Aar","morphology":"noun, genitive, neuter, plural","role":"possessor of Forventning","gloss":"years'"},{"surface":"trofaste","lemma":"trofast","morphology":"adjective, definite, singular","role":"modifies Forventning","gloss":"faithful"},{"surface":"Forventning","lemma":"forventning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"expectation"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Glæde","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"korte","lemma":"kort","morphology":"adjective, definite, singular","role":"modifies Glæde","gloss":"brief"},{"surface":"Glæde","lemma":"glæde","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"in apposition to Forventning","gloss":"joy"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Opfyldelse","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Opfyldelse","gloss":"faith's"},{"surface":"Opfyldelse","lemma":"opfyldelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ved","gloss":"fulfillment"}]},{"number":67,"label":"67","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s67","source":"Hvo er da den, der river Staven fra Oldingen, hvo er den, der fordrer, at han selv skal bryde den!","translation":"Who then is it that tears the staff from the old man, who is it that demands that he himself shall break it!","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Hvo","title":"Hvo — who (archaic)","body":"«Hvo» is the archaic, biblical 'who' (modern «hvem»), used here for elevated pathos. «Olding» = an old man, an aged person; «fordrer» = demands/requires. The staff («Stav») torn from the old man dramatizes the cruelty of the command."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hvo","lemma":"hvo","morphology":"pronoun, interrogative","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"Who","note":"Archaic Danish for 'hvem' (who), obsolete in modern usage."},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking Hvo and den","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of river","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"river","lemma":"rive","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"tears"},{"surface":"Staven","lemma":"stav","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"direct object of river","gloss":"the staff"},{"surface":"fra","lemma":"fra","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Oldingen","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"Oldingen","lemma":"olding","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"oblique complement of river","gloss":"the old man"},{"surface":"hvo","lemma":"hvo","morphology":"pronoun, interrogative","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking hvo and den","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of fordrer","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"fordrer","lemma":"fordre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"demands"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of bryde","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bryde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun, emphatic","role":"modifies han (emphatic)","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of bryde","gloss":"shall"},{"surface":"bryde","lemma":"bryde","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of fordrer","gloss":"break"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of bryde","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":68,"label":"68","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s68","source":"Hvo er den, der gjør et Menneskes graae Haar trøstesløse, hvo er den, der fordrer, at han selv skal gjøre det!","translation":"Who is it that makes a man's gray hairs comfortless, who is it that demands that he himself shall do it!","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"graae Haar","title":"«graae Haar» — gray hairs (doubled vowels)","body":"«graae» (gray) and «Haar» (hair) both show period doubled vowels (modern «grå hår»). «trøstesløse» = comfortless, disconsolate. The parallel «Hvo er den …» rhetorical questions hammer the unbearable demand."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hvo","lemma":"hvo","morphology":"pronoun, interrogative","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"Who"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking Hvo and den","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of gjør","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"gjør","lemma":"gøre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"makes"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Menneskes","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Menneskes","lemma":"menneske","morphology":"noun, genitive, neuter, singular","role":"modifies Haar","gloss":"man's"},{"surface":"graae","lemma":"graa","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies Haar","gloss":"gray"},{"surface":"Haar","lemma":"haar","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of gjør","gloss":"hairs"},{"surface":"trøstesløse","lemma":"trøstesløs","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"object complement of gjør","gloss":"comfortless"},{"surface":"hvo","lemma":"hvo","morphology":"pronoun, interrogative","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking hvo and den","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of fordrer","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"fordrer","lemma":"fordre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"demands"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gjøre","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjøre","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun, emphatic","role":"modifies han (emphatic)","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gjøre","gloss":"shall"},{"surface":"gjøre","lemma":"gøre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of fordrer","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gjøre","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":69,"label":"69","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s69","source":"Er der ingen Medlidenhed med den ærværdige Olding, ingen med det uskyldige Barn!","translation":"Is there no compassion for the venerable old man, none for the innocent child!","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Medlidenhed","title":"Medlidenhed — compassion, pity","body":"«Medlidenhed» = compassion/pity (literally 'suffering-with'). «ærværdig» = venerable, worthy of reverence; «uskyldig» = innocent. The pairing of «ærværdige Olding» and «uskyldige Barn» sharpens the horror of the demand."}],"words":[{"surface":"Er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"Is"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive with Er","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Medlidenhed","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"Medlidenhed","lemma":"medlidenhed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Er","gloss":"compassion"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Olding","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Olding","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ærværdige","lemma":"ærværdig","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Olding","gloss":"venerable"},{"surface":"Olding","lemma":"olding","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of med","gloss":"old man"},{"surface":"ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Medlidenhed (elliptical)","gloss":"none"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Barn","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Barn","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"uskyldige","lemma":"uskyldig","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Barn","gloss":"innocent"},{"surface":"Barn","lemma":"barn","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of med","gloss":"child"}]},{"number":70,"label":"70","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s70","source":"Og dog var \" Abraham Guds Udvalgte, og det var Herren, der paalagde Prøvelsen.","translation":"And yet Abraham was God's chosen one, and it was the Lord who laid the trial upon him.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Prøvelsen","title":"Prøvelse — trial, ordeal","body":"«Prøvelse» = a trial/ordeal; «paalægge en Prøvelse» = to impose/lay a trial upon someone. The unbearable point: it is the Lord himself who imposes it on his own «Udvalgte». The stray «\"» before Abraham is a scanning artifact."}],"words":[{"surface":"Og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of var","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"Guds","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Udvalgte","gloss":"God's"},{"surface":"Udvalgte","lemma":"udvalgte","morphology":"noun, definite, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of var","gloss":"chosen one"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"Herren","lemma":"Herre","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"predicate complement of var","gloss":"the Lord"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of paalagde","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"paalagde","lemma":"paalægge","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Herren","gloss":"imposed"},{"surface":"Prøvelsen","lemma":"prøvelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"direct object of paalagde","gloss":"the trial"}]},{"number":71,"label":"71","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s71","source":"Alt skulde nu være forspildt!","translation":"Everything was now to be lost!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Alt","lemma":"al","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of forspildt","gloss":"Everything"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of forspildt","gloss":"was to"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forspildt","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of forspildt","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"forspildt","lemma":"forspilde","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lost"}]},{"number":72,"label":"72","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s72","source":"Slægtens herlige Ihukommelse, Forjættelsen i Abrahams Sæd, det var kun et Indfald, en flygtig Tanke, som Herren havde havt, som Abraham nu skulde udslette.","translation":"The glorious remembrance of the lineage, the promise in Abraham's seed — it was only a whim, a fleeting thought that the Lord had had, which Abraham was now to blot out.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Indfald","title":"Indfald — whim, sudden notion","body":"«Indfald» = a whim, a sudden idea/notion; «flygtig Tanke» = a fleeting thought. The terrible suggestion is that the whole promise was a passing fancy of God's, to be «udslette[t]» (blotted out/erased). «Ihukommelse» = remembrance, commemoration."}],"words":[{"surface":"Slægtens","lemma":"slægt","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Ihukommelse","gloss":"lineage's"},{"surface":"herlige","lemma":"herlig","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Ihukommelse","gloss":"glorious"},{"surface":"Ihukommelse","lemma":"ihukommelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"remembrance"},{"surface":"Forjættelsen","lemma":"forjættelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"in apposition to Ihukommelse","gloss":"the promise"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Sæd","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Abrahams","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun, genitive","role":"modifies Sæd","gloss":"Abraham's"},{"surface":"Sæd","lemma":"sæd","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of i","gloss":"seed"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"kun","lemma":"kun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Indfald","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Indfald","lemma":"indfald","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of var","gloss":"whim"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Tanke","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"flygtig","lemma":"flygtig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Tanke","gloss":"fleeting"},{"surface":"Tanke","lemma":"tanke","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"in apposition to Indfald","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"direct object of havt","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Herren","lemma":"Herre","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"subject of havde","gloss":"the Lord"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of havt","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"havt","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, past, participle","role":"relative clause on Tanke","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"direct object of udslette","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of udslette","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies udslette","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of udslette","gloss":"was to"},{"surface":"udslette","lemma":"udslette","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"relative clause on Tanke","gloss":"blot out"}]},{"number":73,"label":"73","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s73","source":"Hiin herlige Skat, der var ligesaa gammel som Troen i Abrahams Hjerte, mange mange Aar ældre end Isaak, Frugten af Abrahams Liv, helliget ved Bønner, modnet i Kampe — Velsignelsen paa Abrahams Læber, denne Frugt skulde nu rives af i Utide og blive uden Betydning; thi hvad Betydning havde. den, naar Isaak skulde offres!","translation":"That glorious treasure, which was as old as the faith in Abraham's heart, many many years older than Isaac, the fruit of Abraham's life, hallowed by prayers, ripened in struggles — the blessing on Abraham's lips, this fruit was now to be plucked unripe and rendered meaningless; for what meaning had it, when Isaac was to be sacrificed!","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"rives af i Utide","title":"«rives af i Utide» — plucked before its time","body":"«i Utide» = unseasonably, prematurely; «rives af i Utide» = to be torn off before ripening. «Velsignelse» = blessing; «Betydning» = meaning/significance. The fruit-and-treasure imagery makes Isaac's loss the undoing of Abraham's whole life. «helliget» = hallowed, consecrated."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hiin","lemma":"hiin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Skat","gloss":"That","note":"Archaic demonstrative, obsolete in modern Danish (replaced by 'den/hin')."},{"surface":"herlige","lemma":"herlig","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Skat","gloss":"glorious"},{"surface":"Skat","lemma":"skat","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the subject (resumed by denne Frugt)","gloss":"treasure"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of var","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"verb of the relative clause on Skat","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"ligesaa","lemma":"ligesaa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gammel","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"gammel","lemma":"gammel","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of var","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the comparison with Troen","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"Troen","lemma":"tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"complement of the comparison introduced by som","gloss":"the faith"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Hjerte","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Abrahams","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun, genitive","role":"modifies Hjerte","gloss":"Abraham's"},{"surface":"Hjerte","lemma":"hjerte","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of i","gloss":"heart"},{"surface":"mange","lemma":"mange","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies Aar","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"mange","lemma":"mange","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies Aar","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"Aar","lemma":"aar","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural","role":"measure phrase modifying ældre","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"ældre","lemma":"gammel","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"coordinated with gammel","gloss":"older"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the comparison with Isaak","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of ældre","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"Frugten","lemma":"frugt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"in apposition to Skat","gloss":"the fruit"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Liv","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Abrahams","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun, genitive","role":"modifies Liv","gloss":"Abraham's"},{"surface":"Liv","lemma":"liv","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of af","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"helliget","lemma":"hellige","morphology":"verb, past, participle","role":"modifies Frugten","gloss":"hallowed"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Bønner","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"Bønner","lemma":"bøn","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of helliget","gloss":"prayers"},{"surface":"modnet","lemma":"modne","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"coordinated with helliget, modifies Frugten","gloss":"ripened"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Kampe","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Kampe","lemma":"kamp","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of modnet","gloss":"struggles"},{"surface":"Velsignelsen","lemma":"velsignelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"in apposition to Skat","gloss":"the blessing"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Læber","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"Abrahams","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun, genitive","role":"modifies Læber","gloss":"Abraham's"},{"surface":"Læber","lemma":"læbe","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of paa","gloss":"lips"},{"surface":"denne","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Frugt","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Frugt","lemma":"frugt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of rives","gloss":"fruit"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of rives","gloss":"was to"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies rives","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"rives","lemma":"rive","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"be torn"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on rives","gloss":"off"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Utide","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Utide","lemma":"utide","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of i","gloss":"wrong time","note":"'i Utide' is an idiom for 'prematurely, before its proper time' — matches 'unripe' in the translation."},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"blive","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with rives","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"uden","lemma":"uden","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Betydning","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"Betydning","lemma":"betydning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of blive","gloss":"meaning"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the reason clause of havde","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"determiner, interrogative","role":"determiner of Betydning","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"Betydning","lemma":"betydning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of havde","gloss":"meaning"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the thi-clause","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of havde","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"naar","lemma":"naar","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of offres","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of offres","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of offres","gloss":"was to"},{"surface":"offres","lemma":"ofre","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"main verb of the clause introduced by naar","gloss":"be sacrificed"}]},{"number":74,"label":"74","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s74","source":"Hiin veemodige, men dog salige Time, da Abraham skulde tage Afsked med Alt, hvad ham kjært var, da han endnu engang skulde opløfte sit ærværdige Hoved, da hans Aasyn skulde .straale som Herrens, da han skulde samle hele sin Sjæl-i en Velsignelse, der var mægtig til at gjøre Isaak velsignet alle Dage — denne Stund skulde ikke komme!","translation":"That wistful yet blessed hour, when Abraham should take leave of all that was dear to him, when once more he should lift up his venerable head, when his countenance should shine like the Lord's, when he should gather his whole soul into a blessing mighty enough to make Isaac blessed all his days — that hour was not to come!","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Aasyn","title":"Aasyn — countenance, face","body":"«Aasyn» (modern «åsyn») = countenance/face, an elevated word; «straale som Herrens» = shine like the Lord's. «tage Afsked med» = to take leave of/bid farewell to. «Stund» and «Time» both mean 'hour/while'. The dots in «.straale» and «Sjæl-i» are scanning artifacts."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hiin","lemma":"hin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, demonstrative","role":"determiner of Time","gloss":"That"},{"surface":"veemodige","lemma":"veemodig","morphology":"adjective, weak declension","role":"modifies Time","gloss":"wistful"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies salige","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"salige","lemma":"salig","morphology":"adjective, weak declension","role":"modifies Time","gloss":"blessed"},{"surface":"Time","lemma":"time","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"in apposition to Stund, resumed at the end of the sentence","gloss":"hour"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tage","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of tage","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tage","gloss":"was to"},{"surface":"tage","lemma":"tage","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the da-clause, with Abraham as subject","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"Afsked","lemma":"afsked","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tage","gloss":"leave"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Alt (idiom: tage Afsked med = take leave of)","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Alt","lemma":"alt","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular, indefinite","role":"complement of med","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of var","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kjært (experiencer)","gloss":"to him"},{"surface":"kjært","lemma":"kjær","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular, predicate","role":"predicate complement of var","gloss":"dear"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Alt","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of opløfte","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of opløfte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"endnu","lemma":"endnu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies engang","gloss":"yet","note":"'endnu engang' together mean 'once more'."},{"surface":"engang","lemma":"engang","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies opløfte","gloss":"once more"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of opløfte","gloss":"was to"},{"surface":"opløfte","lemma":"opløfte","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the da-clause, with han as subject","gloss":"lift up"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Hoved","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"ærværdige","lemma":"ærværdig","morphology":"adjective, weak declension","role":"modifies Hoved","gloss":"venerable"},{"surface":"Hoved","lemma":"hoved","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of opløfte","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of straale","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner, possessive","role":"determiner of Aasyn","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Aasyn","lemma":"aasyn","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of straale","gloss":"countenance"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of straale","gloss":"was to"},{"surface":".straale","lemma":"straale","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the da-clause, with Aasyn as subject","gloss":"shine","note":"leading period is a print artifact, not punctuation."},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"conjunction, comparative","role":"introduces the comparison with Herrens","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"Herrens","lemma":"Herren","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular, definite","role":"complement of som","gloss":"the Lord's"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of samle","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of samle","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of samle","gloss":"was to"},{"surface":"samle","lemma":"samle","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the da-clause, with han as subject","gloss":"gather"},{"surface":"hele","lemma":"hel","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Sjæl-i","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Sjæl-i","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Sjæl-i","lemma":"sjæl","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, fused with the preposition i","role":"direct object of samle","gloss":"soul into","note":"print artifact fusing 'Sjæl' (soul) and the preposition 'i' (into)."},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Velsignelse","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Velsignelse","lemma":"velsignelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"complement of the preposition fused in Sjæl-i","gloss":"blessing"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of var","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to mægtig","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"mægtig","lemma":"mægtig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"relative clause on Velsignelse","gloss":"mighty"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of gjøre (mægtig til = mighty enough)","gloss":"enough"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle, infinitive marker","role":"introduces the clause of gjøre","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"gjøre","lemma":"gjøre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of mægtig","gloss":"make"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of gjøre","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"velsignet","lemma":"velsignet","morphology":"adjective (past participle), singular","role":"predicate complement of Isaak","gloss":"blessed"},{"surface":"alle","lemma":"al","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies Dage","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"Dage","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"temporal adverbial modifying velsignet","gloss":"days"},{"surface":"denne","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Stund","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Stund","lemma":"stund","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of komme","gloss":"hour"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of komme","gloss":"was to"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies komme","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"komme","lemma":"komme","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"come"}]},{"number":75,"label":"75","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s75","source":"Thi Afsked skulde Abraham vel tage med Isaak, men saaledes, at han selv skulde blive tilbage; Døden skulde skille dem ad, men saaledes, at Isaak blev dens Bytte.","translation":"For Abraham was indeed to take leave of Isaac, but in such a way that he himself should remain behind; death was to part them, but in such a way that Isaac became its prey.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Bytte","title":"Døden … Isaak blev dens Bytte","body":"«Bytte» = prey, booty (the same word used of oblivion's «Bytte» at the eulogy's opening). «skille ad» = to part/separate. The horror is the reversal of nature: the son, not the aged father, becomes death's prey."}],"words":[{"surface":"Thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"conjunction, causal","role":"introduces the sentence","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"Afsked","lemma":"afsked","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tage","gloss":"leave"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tage","gloss":"was to"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of tage","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"vel","lemma":"vel","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tage","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"tage","lemma":"tage","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Isaak (idiom: tage Afsked med = take leave of)","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"complement of med","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the manner clause introduced by at","gloss":"in such a way"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of blive","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blive","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun, intensifier","role":"modifies han","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of blive","gloss":"was to"},{"surface":"blive","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the at-clause (blive tilbage = remain behind)","gloss":"remain"},{"surface":"tilbage","lemma":"tilbage","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies blive","gloss":"behind"},{"surface":"Døden","lemma":"død","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"subject of skille","gloss":"death"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of skille","gloss":"was to"},{"surface":"skille","lemma":"skille","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"part"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of skille","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"particle","role":"particle of skille (phrasal verb skille ad = part, separate)","gloss":"apart"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the manner clause introduced by at","gloss":"in such a way"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of blev","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"blive","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Bytte","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"dens","lemma":"dens","morphology":"determiner, possessive","role":"determiner of Bytte","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"Bytte","lemma":"bytte","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of blev","gloss":"prey"}]},{"number":76,"label":"76","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s76","source":"Den gamle Mand skulde ikke glad 1 Døden lægge :velsignende sin Haand paa Isaak, men træt af Livet. lægge voldsom Haand paa. Isaak.","translation":"The old man was not, glad in death, to lay his blessing hand upon Isaac, but, weary of life, to lay a violent hand upon Isaac.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"voldsom Haand","title":"«lægge voldsom Haand paa» — to lay a violent hand on","body":"The antithesis: a «velsignende» (blessing) hand versus a «voldsom» (violent, forceful) hand; «glad i Døden» (glad in death) versus «træt af Livet» (weary of life). The stray «1», «:», and mid-word periods are scanning artifacts kept verbatim from the source."}],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Mand","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"gamle","lemma":"gammel","morphology":"adjective, weak declension","role":"modifies Mand","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"Mand","lemma":"mand","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lægge","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of lægge","gloss":"was to"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lægge","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"glad","lemma":"glad","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Mand (predicative)","gloss":"glad"},{"surface":"Døden","lemma":"død","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"oblique complement of glad (elided preposition 'i')","gloss":"death"},{"surface":"lægge","lemma":"lægge","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lay"},{"surface":"velsignende","lemma":"velsigne","morphology":"verb, present, participle","role":"modifies Haand","gloss":"blessing"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Haand","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Haand","lemma":"haand","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of lægge","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Isaak","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"complement of paa","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"træt","lemma":"træt","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"coordinated with glad (predicative)","gloss":"weary"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Livet","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Livet","lemma":"liv","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"oblique complement of træt","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"lægge","lemma":"lægge","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lay"},{"surface":"voldsom","lemma":"voldsom","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Haand","gloss":"violent"},{"surface":"Haand","lemma":"haand","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of lægge","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Isaak","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"complement of paa","gloss":"Isaac"}]},{"number":77,"label":"77","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s77","source":"Og det var Gud, der prøvede ham.","translation":"And it was God who tried him.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the sentence to the previous one","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Gud","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"proper noun","role":"predicate complement of var","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of prøvede","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"prøvede","lemma":"prøve","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Gud","gloss":"tried"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of prøvede","gloss":"him"}]},{"number":78,"label":"78","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s78","source":"Ja Vee!","translation":"Yea, woe!","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Vee","title":"Vee — woe","body":"«Vee» (modern «ve») = woe, an archaic biblical cry of lament (as in 'woe unto…'). Repeated «Ja Vee! Vee det Sendebud …» it lifts the passage into prophetic register."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ja","lemma":"ja","morphology":"interjection","role":"modifies Vee","gloss":"yea"},{"surface":"Vee","lemma":"vee","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular (exclamatory)","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"woe"}]},{"number":79,"label":"79","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s79","source":"Vee det Sendebud, der var kommet frem for: Abraham med en saadan .Tidende!","translation":"Woe to the messenger who had come before Abraham with such tidings!","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Sendebud / Tidende","title":"Sendebud — messenger; Tidende — tidings","body":"«Sendebud» = messenger/envoy; «Tidende» = tidings, news (as in a newspaper's old name). «for: Abraham» and «.Tidende» carry stray scanning punctuation; «for[an] Abraham» = before/in front of Abraham."}],"words":[{"surface":"Vee","lemma":"vee","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular (exclamatory)","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"woe"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Sendebud","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Sendebud","lemma":"sendebud","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"complement of Vee","gloss":"messenger"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of kommet","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of kommet","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"kommet","lemma":"komme","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"relative clause on Sendebud","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"frem","lemma":"frem","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kommet","gloss":"forth"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Abraham","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"complement of for","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Tidende","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Tidende","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"saadan","lemma":"saadan","morphology":"determiner","role":"modifies Tidende","gloss":"such"},{"surface":".Tidende","lemma":"tidende","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"complement of med","gloss":"tidings","note":"leading period is a print artifact, not punctuation."}]},{"number":80,"label":"80","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s80","source":"Hvo havde vovet. at være denne Sorgens Udsending.","translation":"Who would have dared to be this envoy of sorrow?","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Sorgens Udsending","title":"Sorgens Udsending — envoy of sorrow","body":"«vove» = to dare/venture; «Udsending» = envoy, emissary. «Sorgens Udsending» (the envoy of sorrow) parallels «Sendebud». The period after «vovet.» and the closing «.» for a question are scanning artifacts; in sense this is a question."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hvo","lemma":"hvo","morphology":"pronoun, interrogative","role":"subject of vovet","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of vovet","gloss":"would have"},{"surface":"vovet","lemma":"vove","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"dared"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle, infinitive marker","role":"introduces the clause of være","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of vovet","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"denne","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Udsending","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Sorgens","lemma":"sorg","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Udsending","gloss":"sorrow's"},{"surface":"Udsending","lemma":"udsending","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of være","gloss":"envoy"}]},{"number":81,"label":"81","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s81","source":"Men det var Gud, der prøvede Abraham.","translation":"But it was God who tried Abraham.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Gud","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"proper noun","role":"predicate complement of var","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of prøvede","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"prøvede","lemma":"prøve","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Gud","gloss":"tried"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of prøvede","gloss":"Abraham"}]},{"number":82,"label":"82","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s82","source":"…, NE | Dog.","translation":"… Yet.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"NE","lemma":"NE","morphology":"unclear — likely a pagination or OCR artifact","role":"no clear syntactic link to Dog","gloss":"[page mark]","note":"Likely a page-break or catchword artifact from the print scan, not a real word in the sentence."},{"surface":"Dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"yet"}]},{"number":83,"label":"83","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s83","source":"Abraham. troede og troede for dette Liv.","translation":"Abraham believed, and believed for this life.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"troede for dette Liv","title":"«for dette Liv» — for this life","body":"The crux of Abraham's faith: he believed «for dette Liv» (for this life), not merely for a life to come. Kierkegaard insists faith holds onto the temporal/finite. The period after «Abraham.» is a scanning artifact."}],"words":[{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of troede","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"troede","lemma":"troe","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"believed"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"troede","lemma":"troe","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with troede","gloss":"believed"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dette Liv","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Liv","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Liv","lemma":"liv","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"complement of for","gloss":"life"}]},{"number":84,"label":"84","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s84","source":"Ja havde hans Tro blot været for et tilkommende, da havde han vel lettere kastet Alt bort, for at haste ud af den Verden, han ikke tilhørte.","translation":"Yes, had his faith been only for a life to come, he would surely have cast everything away more easily, in order to hasten out of the world to which he did not belong.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"et tilkommende","title":"et tilkommende [Liv] — a life to come","body":"«et tilkommende [Liv]» = a future/coming life, the hereafter. Faith aimed only at the next world would make renunciation easy; Abraham's faith is harder precisely because it clings to this life. «haste» = to hasten/hurry."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ja","lemma":"ja","morphology":"interjection","role":"introduces the sentence","gloss":"yes"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of været","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner, possessive","role":"determiner of Tro","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Tro","lemma":"tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of havde","gloss":"faith"},{"surface":"blot","lemma":"blot","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies været","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"været","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"predicate of the conditional clause opened by Ja","gloss":"been"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tilkommende","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of tilkommende","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"tilkommende","lemma":"tilkommende","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"complement of for","gloss":"life to come"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kastet","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of kastet","gloss":"would have"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kastet","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"vel","lemma":"vel","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lettere","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"lettere","lemma":"let","morphology":"adverb, comparative","role":"modifies kastet","gloss":"more easily"},{"surface":"kastet","lemma":"kaste","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"cast"},{"surface":"Alt","lemma":"alt","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular, indefinite","role":"direct object of kastet","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"bort","lemma":"bort","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kastet (phrasal: kaste bort = cast away)","gloss":"away"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of haste","gloss":"in order"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle, infinitive marker","role":"introduces the clause of haste","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"haste","lemma":"haste","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on kastet","gloss":"hasten"},{"surface":"ud","lemma":"ud","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on haste","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Verden","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Verden","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Verden","lemma":"verden","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"complement of af (with ud: out of)","gloss":"world"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tilhørte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tilhørte","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"tilhørte","lemma":"tilhøre","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Verden","gloss":"belonged to"}]},{"number":85,"label":"85","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s85","source":"Men Abrahams Tro var ikke en saadan, om der gives en saadan; thi egentlig er det ikke Tro, men Troens fjerneste Mulighed, der yderst i Synskredsen aner sin Gjenstand, dog adskilt fra den ved et svælgende Dyb, indenfor hvilket Fortvivlelsen driver sit Spil.","translation":"But Abraham's faith was not of that kind, if such a thing there be; for properly it is not faith, but the remotest possibility of faith, which at the far edge of the horizon dimly senses its object, yet is separated from it by a yawning abyss within which despair plays its game.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Troens fjerneste Mulighed","title":"The remotest possibility of faith","body":"«Troens fjerneste Mulighed» — the remotest possibility of faith — is distinguished from faith itself: it merely «aner» (dimly senses) its «Gjenstand» (object) across a «svælgende Dyb» (yawning abyss) where «Fortvivlelsen» (despair) holds sway. «Synskreds» = horizon (field of vision)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Abrahams","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun, genitive","role":"modifies Tro","gloss":"Abraham's"},{"surface":"Tro","lemma":"tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"faith"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to saadan","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of saadan","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"saadan","lemma":"saadan","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of var","gloss":"of that kind"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gives","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb, expletive","role":"expletive subject of gives","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"gives","lemma":"give","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"adverbial clause on saadan","gloss":"exists"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of saadan","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"saadan","lemma":"saadan","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"logical subject of gives","gloss":"such a kind"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"conjunction, causal","role":"introduces the sentence","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"egentlig","lemma":"egentlig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"properly"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Tro","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"Tro","lemma":"tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"faith"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular, definite","role":"possessor of Mulighed","gloss":"faith's"},{"surface":"fjerneste","lemma":"fjern","morphology":"adjective, superlative","role":"modifies Mulighed","gloss":"remotest"},{"surface":"Mulighed","lemma":"mulighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er, coordinated with Tro","gloss":"possibility"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of aner","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"yderst","lemma":"yderst","morphology":"adverb, superlative","role":"modifies Synskredsen","gloss":"farthest"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Synskredsen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Synskredsen","lemma":"synskreds","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"complement of i","gloss":"the horizon"},{"surface":"aner","lemma":"ane","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Mulighed","gloss":"senses"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Gjenstand","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"Gjenstand","lemma":"gjenstand","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of aner","gloss":"object"},{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies adskilt","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"adskilt","lemma":"adskille","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"coordinated predicate with aner, describing der (Mulighed)","gloss":"separated"},{"surface":"fra","lemma":"fra","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking den","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of fra","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dyb","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Dyb","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"svælgende","lemma":"svælge","morphology":"adjective, present participle","role":"modifies Dyb","gloss":"yawning"},{"surface":"Dyb","lemma":"dyb","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"complement of ved","gloss":"abyss"},{"surface":"indenfor","lemma":"indenfor","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of driver","gloss":"within"},{"surface":"hvilket","lemma":"hvilken","morphology":"pronoun, relative, neuter, singular","role":"complement of indenfor","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"Fortvivlelsen","lemma":"fortvivlelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"subject of driver","gloss":"despair"},{"surface":"driver","lemma":"drive","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Dyb","gloss":"plays"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Spil","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"Spil","lemma":"spil","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of driver","gloss":"game"}]},{"number":86,"label":"86","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s86","source":"Men Abraham troede netop for dette Liv, at han skulde blive gammel i Landet, hædret i Folket, velsignet i Slægten, uforglemmelig i Isaak, hans Kjæreste i Livet, hvem han omfattede med en Kjærlighed, for hvilken det kun var et fattigt Udtryk, at han troligen opfyldte Faderens Pligt, at elske Sønnen, som det jo og lyder med i Tilsigelsen: den Søn, som Du elsker.","translation":"But Abraham believed precisely for this life, that he should grow old in the land, honored among the people, blessed in his lineage, unforgettable in Isaac, his dearest in life, whom he embraced with a love for which it was only a poor expression to say that he faithfully fulfilled the father's duty of loving the son, as indeed the command itself sounds: the son whom you love.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Tilsigelse","title":"Tilsigelse — the command, the bidding","body":"«Tilsigelse» = an injunction, a summons or bidding — here God's command in Genesis 22. «Kjæreste» = dearest/beloved (period «Kj-»); «fattigt Udtryk» = a poor/inadequate expression. The clause ends by quoting the command's own words, «den Søn, som Du elsker» (the son whom you love), to measure the cost of obedience."}],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of troede","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"troede","lemma":"troe","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"believed"},{"surface":"netop","lemma":"netop","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies troede","gloss":"precisely"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dette Liv","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Liv","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Liv","lemma":"liv","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"complement of for","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of blive","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blive","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of blive","gloss":"was to"},{"surface":"blive","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to gammel","gloss":"grow"},{"surface":"gammel","lemma":"gammel","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of blive","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Landet","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Landet","lemma":"land","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"complement of i","gloss":"the land"},{"surface":"hædret","lemma":"hædre","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"coordinated with gammel (predicate of blive)","gloss":"honored"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Folket","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"Folket","lemma":"folk","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"complement of i","gloss":"the people"},{"surface":"velsignet","lemma":"velsigne","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"coordinated with gammel (predicate of blive)","gloss":"blessed"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Slægten","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Slægten","lemma":"slægt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"complement of i","gloss":"his lineage"},{"surface":"uforglemmelig","lemma":"uforglemmelig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with gammel (predicate of blive)","gloss":"unforgettable"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Isaak","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"complement of i","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner, possessive","role":"determiner of Kjæreste","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Kjæreste","lemma":"kjæreste","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, superlative form","role":"in apposition to Isaak","gloss":"dearest"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Livet","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Livet","lemma":"liv","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"complement of i","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"hvem","lemma":"hvem","morphology":"pronoun, relative, common gender","role":"direct object of omfattede","gloss":"whom"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of omfattede","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"omfattede","lemma":"omfatte","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Kjæreste","gloss":"embraced"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Kjærlighed","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Kjærlighed","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Kjærlighed","lemma":"kjærlighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"complement of med","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hvilken","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"hvilken","lemma":"hvilken","morphology":"pronoun, relative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of for","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"kun","lemma":"kun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Udtryk","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Udtryk","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"fattigt","lemma":"fattig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"modifies Udtryk","gloss":"poor"},{"surface":"Udtryk","lemma":"udtryk","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of var","gloss":"expression"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of opfyldte","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of opfyldte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"troligen","lemma":"trolig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies opfyldte","gloss":"faithfully"},{"surface":"opfyldte","lemma":"opfylde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of Udtryk, introduced by at (w42)","gloss":"fulfilled"},{"surface":"Faderens","lemma":"fader","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular, definite","role":"possessor of Pligt","gloss":"the father's"},{"surface":"Pligt","lemma":"pligt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of opfyldte","gloss":"duty"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle, infinitive marker","role":"introduces the clause of elske","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"elske","lemma":"elske","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of Pligt","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"Sønnen","lemma":"søn","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"direct object of elske","gloss":"the son"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"conjunction, comparative","role":"introduces the clause of lyder","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of lyder","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"jo","lemma":"jo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lyder","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lyder (jo og = indeed also)","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"lyder","lemma":"lyde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the som-clause","gloss":"sounds"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"adverb, particle","role":"particle of lyder (phrasal verb)","gloss":"along"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Tilsigelsen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Tilsigelsen","lemma":"tilsigelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"complement of i","gloss":"the command"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Søn","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Søn","lemma":"søn","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"in apposition to Tilsigelsen","gloss":"son"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"direct object of elsker","gloss":"whom"},{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of elsker","gloss":"you","note":"Capitalized 'Du' echoes the reverent biblical address (Genesis 22:2), like archaic English 'Thou'."},{"surface":"elsker","lemma":"elske","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Søn","gloss":"love"}]},{"number":87,"label":"87","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s87","source":"Jacob havde 12 Sønner og een han elskede, Abraham havde kun een, som han elskede.","translation":"Jacob had twelve sons and one whom he loved; Abraham had only one, whom he loved.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"een","title":"«een» — one (emphatic)","body":"«een» (spelled with double e) is the stressed numeral 'one', distinguished in older orthography from the article «en». The contrast with Jacob's twelve sons sharpens that Abraham's whole love rested on a single child."}],"words":[{"surface":"Jacob","lemma":"Jacob","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of havde","gloss":"Jacob"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"Sønner","lemma":"søn","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of havde","gloss":"sons"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links Sønner and een","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"een","lemma":"en","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated direct object of havde","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of elskede","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"elskede","lemma":"elske","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on een","gloss":"loved"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of havde","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"kun","lemma":"kun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies havde","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"een","lemma":"en","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of havde","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"direct object of elskede","gloss":"whom"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of elskede","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"elskede","lemma":"elske","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on een","gloss":"loved"}]},{"number":88,"label":"88","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s88","source":"Men Abraham troede og tvivlede ikke, han troede det Urimelige.","translation":"But Abraham believed and did not doubt; he believed the absurd.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"tvivlede ikke","title":"tvivle — to doubt (faith's opposite)","body":"«tvivle» = to doubt; «troede og tvivlede ikke» sets faith squarely against doubt. «troede det Urimelige» (believed the absurd) restates the book's formula: faith holds what reason calls impossible — believing 'by virtue of the absurd'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of troede","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"troede","lemma":"tro","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"believed"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tvivlede","lemma":"tvivle","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with troede","gloss":"doubted"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tvivlede","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of troede","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"troede","lemma":"tro","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"believed"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Urimelige","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Urimelige","lemma":"urimelig","morphology":"adjective, nominalized, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of troede","gloss":"absurd","note":"'det Urimelige,' the absurd, is Kierkegaard's technical term for what faith embraces beyond reason."}]},{"number":89,"label":"89","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s89","source":"Hvis Abraham havde tvivlet — da skulde han have gjort noget Andet, noget Stort og Herligt; thi hvorledes kunde Abraham gjøre Andet end hvad stort og herligt er!","translation":"If Abraham had doubted — then he would have done something else, something great and glorious; for how could Abraham do anything but what is great and glorious!","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"hvorledes","title":"hvorledes — how (archaic)","body":"«hvorledes» is the literary/older 'how' (modern «hvordan»). The point cuts deep: even doubting, Abraham would have done something heroic — but the merely great is set below the faith that asks no admiration. «Herligt» = glorious, magnificent."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hvis","lemma":"hvis","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tvivlet","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of tvivlet","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tvivlet","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"tvivlet","lemma":"tvivle","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the hvis-clause","gloss":"doubted"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies skulde","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gjort","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjort","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"have","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of gjort","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"gjort","lemma":"gøre","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"done"},{"surface":"noget","lemma":"nogen","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gjort","gloss":"something"},{"surface":"Andet","lemma":"anden","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"modifies noget","gloss":"else"},{"surface":"noget","lemma":"nogen","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with noget (w10)","gloss":"something"},{"surface":"Stort","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"modifies noget","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Herligt","lemma":"herlig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with Stort","gloss":"glorious"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kunde","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"hvorledes","lemma":"hvorledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kunde","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gjøre","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of gjøre","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"gjøre","lemma":"gøre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the thi-clause","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"Andet","lemma":"anden","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gjøre","gloss":"anything else"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hvad","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"stort","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"herligt","lemma":"herlig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with stort","gloss":"glorious"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking hvad to stort and herligt","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":90,"label":"90","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s90","source":"Han var dragen ud til Morija-Bjerget, han havde kløvet Brændet, antændt Baalet, draget Kniven — han havde raabt til Gud: ,forsmaa ikke dette Offer, det er ikke det Bedste, jeg eier, det veed jeg vel; thi hvad er en gammel Mand mod Forjættelsens Barn, men det er det Bedste, jeg kan give Dig.","translation":"He would have set out for Mount Moriah, he would have split the wood, kindled the fire, drawn the knife — he would have cried out to God: \"do not scorn this offering; it is not the best that I own, that I know well; for what is an old man against the child of the promise, but it is the best that I can give you.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"forsmaa / Offer","title":"forsmaa — to scorn, disdain; Offer — offering","body":"«forsmaa» (modern «forsmå») = to scorn/disdain/reject. «Offer» = offering/sacrifice. The opening «,» before «forsmaa» is the source's lower comma-quote opening direct speech. «Forjættelsens Barn» = the child of the promise (Isaac), more precious than an old man's own life."}],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of dragen","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of dragen","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"dragen","lemma":"drage","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"set out"},{"surface":"ud","lemma":"ud","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dragen","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Morija-Bjerget","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Morija-Bjerget","lemma":"Morija-Bjerget","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of dragen","gloss":"Mount Moriah"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kløvet","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of kløvet","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"kløvet","lemma":"kløve","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"coordinated with dragen","gloss":"split"},{"surface":"Brændet","lemma":"brænde","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of kløvet","gloss":"the wood"},{"surface":"antændt","lemma":"antænde","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"coordinated with kløvet","gloss":"kindled"},{"surface":"Baalet","lemma":"baal","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of antændt","gloss":"the fire"},{"surface":"draget","lemma":"drage","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"coordinated with kløvet","gloss":"drawn"},{"surface":"Kniven","lemma":"kniv","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of draget","gloss":"the knife"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of havde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of raabt","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"raabt","lemma":"raabe","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"cried out"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Gud","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of raabt","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"forsmaa","lemma":"forsmaa","morphology":"verb, imperative","role":"main verb of the quoted clause","gloss":"scorn"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forsmaa","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Offer","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Offer","lemma":"offer","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of forsmaa","gloss":"offering"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking det to Bedste","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Bedste","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Bedste","lemma":"bedst","morphology":"adjective, superlative, nominalized","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"best"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of eier","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"eier","lemma":"eie","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Bedste","gloss":"own"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of veed","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"veed","lemma":"vide","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of veed","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"vel","lemma":"vel","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies veed","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking hvad to Mand","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Mand","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"gammel","lemma":"gammel","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Mand","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"Mand","lemma":"mand","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"mod","lemma":"mod","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Barn","gloss":"against"},{"surface":"Forjættelsens","lemma":"forjættelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, genitive","role":"possessor of Barn","gloss":"the promise's"},{"surface":"Barn","lemma":"barn","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of mod","gloss":"child"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking det to Bedste","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Bedste","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Bedste","lemma":"bedst","morphology":"adjective, superlative, nominalized","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"best"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kan","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of give","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"give","lemma":"give","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"relative clause on Bedste","gloss":"give"},{"surface":"Dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of give","gloss":"you"}]},{"number":91,"label":"91","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s91","source":"Lad Isaak aldrig faae det at vide, at han maa trøste sig ved sin Ungdom.\"","translation":"Let Isaac never come to know it, that he may comfort himself with his youth.\"","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"trøste sig","title":"trøste sig ved — to take comfort in","body":"«trøste sig ved» = to comfort/console oneself with. The imagined plea is that Isaac never learn of the offering, so his youth stays unclouded — the self-sacrifice of a father who would bear the horror alone. «faae … at vide» = to come to know."}],"words":[{"surface":"Lad","lemma":"lade","morphology":"verb, imperative","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"let"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of Lad","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"aldrig","lemma":"aldrig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies faae","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"faae","lemma":"faa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of Lad","gloss":"come to"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of faae","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"infinitive marker","role":"introduces vide","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"vide","lemma":"vide","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of faae","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of trøste","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of trøste","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"maa","lemma":"maatte","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of trøste","gloss":"may"},{"surface":"trøste","lemma":"trøste","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the at-clause","gloss":"comfort"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of trøste","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Ungdom","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Ungdom","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Ungdom","lemma":"ungdom","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ved","gloss":"youth"}]},{"number":92,"label":"92","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s92","source":"Han havde stødt Kniven i sit eget Bryst.","translation":"He would have plunged the knife into his own breast.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"havde stødt","title":"«havde stødt» — would have plunged (counterfactual)","body":"This continues the counterfactual begun at s89: the doubting Abraham would have turned the knife on himself rather than on Isaac — heroic, tragic, but not faith. «støde» = to thrust/plunge; «Bryst» = breast/chest."}],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of stødt","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of stødt","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"stødt","lemma":"støde","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"plunged"},{"surface":"Kniven","lemma":"kniv","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of stødt","gloss":"the knife"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Bryst","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Bryst","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"eget","lemma":"egen","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"modifies Bryst","gloss":"own"},{"surface":"Bryst","lemma":"bryst","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of stødt","gloss":"breast"}]},{"number":93,"label":"93","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s93","source":"Han var bleven beundret i Verden, og hans Navn skulde ikke være glemt; men Eet er, at hlive beundret, et Andet, at blive en lededen Stjerne, der frelser den Ængstede.","translation":"He would have been admired in the world, and his name would not have been forgotten; but it is one thing to be admired, another to become a guiding star that saves the anguished.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"lededen Stjerne","title":"«ledende Stjerne» — guiding star","body":"«ledende Stjerne» (a guiding/leading star) — «lededen» is a scanning error — saves «den Ængstede» (the anguished, anxious one). Mere admiration is set below the power to guide others through dread, the difference between the tragic hero and Abraham. «hlive» garbles «blive» (to become)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of beundret","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of beundret","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"bleven","lemma":"blive","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, participle, singular","role":"auxiliary of beundret","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"beundret","lemma":"beundre","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"admired"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Verden","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Verden","lemma":"verden","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of beundret","gloss":"the world"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Navn","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Navn","lemma":"navn","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of glemt","gloss":"name"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of glemt","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies glemt","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of glemt","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"glemt","lemma":"glemme","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the second clause","gloss":"forgotten"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Eet","lemma":"en","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"one thing"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"infinitive marker","role":"introduces hlive","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"hlive","lemma":"blive","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"be","note":"'hlive' is a misprint/OCR corruption of 'blive' (to become/be)."},{"surface":"beundret","lemma":"beundre","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"complement of hlive","gloss":"admired"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Andet","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Andet","lemma":"anden","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with Eet","gloss":"another"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"infinitive marker","role":"introduces blive","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"blive","lemma":"blive","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"predicate complement of (et Andet er, elided)","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Stjerne","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"lededen","lemma":"ledende","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies Stjerne","gloss":"guiding","note":"'lededen' is a misprint/OCR corruption of 'ledende' (guiding, leading)."},{"surface":"Stjerne","lemma":"stjerne","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of blive","gloss":"star"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of frelser","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"frelser","lemma":"frelse","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Stjerne","gloss":"saves"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Ængstede","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Ængstede","lemma":"ængstet","morphology":"adjective, nominalized, singular","role":"direct object of frelser","gloss":"anguished"}]},{"number":94,"label":"94","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s94","source":"Men Abraham troede.","translation":"But Abraham believed.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of troede","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"troede","lemma":"tro","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"believed"}]},{"number":95,"label":"95","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s95","source":"Han had ikke for sig, at han maatte bevæge Herren, det var kun da den retfærdige Straf udgik over Sodoma og Gomorra, at Abraham traadte frem med sine Bønner.","translation":"He did not pray that he might move the Lord; it was only when the righteous punishment went out over Sodom and Gomorrah that Abraham came forward with his prayers.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of had","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"had","lemma":"bede","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"prayed","note":"'had' is a misprint/OCR corruption of 'bad' (past tense of 'bede,' to pray)."},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies had","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sig","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"oblique complement of had","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of maatte","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of maatte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"maatte","lemma":"maatte","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of bevæge","gloss":"might"},{"surface":"bevæge","lemma":"bevæge","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the at-clause","gloss":"move"},{"surface":"Herren","lemma":"Herre","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of bevæge","gloss":"the Lord"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"kun","lemma":"kun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of udgik","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Straf","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"retfærdige","lemma":"retfærdig","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Straf","gloss":"righteous"},{"surface":"Straf","lemma":"straf","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of udgik","gloss":"punishment"},{"surface":"udgik","lemma":"udgaa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the da-clause","gloss":"went out"},{"surface":"over","lemma":"over","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Sodoma","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"Sodoma","lemma":"Sodoma","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of udgik","gloss":"Sodom"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Gomorra","lemma":"Gomorra","morphology":"proper noun","role":"coordinated with Sodoma","gloss":"Gomorrah"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of traadte","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of traadte","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"traadte","lemma":"træde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the at-clause","gloss":"stepped"},{"surface":"frem","lemma":"frem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies traadte","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Bønner","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sine","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, plural, reflexive","role":"determiner of Bønner","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Bønner","lemma":"bøn","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of med","gloss":"prayers"}]},{"number":96,"label":"96","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s96","source":"Vi læse i hine hellige Skrifter: ,0g Gud fristede Abraham, og sagde: Abraham, Abraham hvor er Du? men Abraham svarede: her er jeg.”","translation":"We read in those holy scriptures: \"And God tempted Abraham, and said: Abraham, Abraham, where are you? But Abraham answered: here I am.\"","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of læse","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"læse","lemma":"læse","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"read","note":"Archaic plural present tense: 19th-century written Danish used 'læse' for 'we read' without the -r ending later standardized."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Skrifter","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"hine","lemma":"hin","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"modifies Skrifter","gloss":"those"},{"surface":"hellige","lemma":"hellig","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies Skrifter","gloss":"holy"},{"surface":"Skrifter","lemma":"skrift","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of læse","gloss":"scriptures"},{"surface":"g","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and","note":"the surface 'g' is a fragment of the OCR-corrupted '0g' (a misread 'Og,' meaning 'and')."},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of fristede","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"fristede","lemma":"friste","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the quoted clause","gloss":"tempted"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of fristede","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sagde","lemma":"sige","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with fristede","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"vocative address","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"vocative address, repeated","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"hvor","lemma":"hvor","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the question","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of svarede","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"svarede","lemma":"svare","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"answered"},{"surface":"her","lemma":"her","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the quoted clause","gloss":"am"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"I"}]},{"number":97,"label":"97","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s97","source":"Du, til hvem min Tale henvender sig, var det saaledes Tilfælde med Dig?","translation":"You, to whom my discourse turns, was it so with you?","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Du, til hvem","title":"Direct address to the reader","body":"Here the eulogy turns from Abraham to address the reader directly as «Du» (you) — capitalized as intimate/direct address. «min Tale henvender sig [til]» = my discourse turns/addresses itself to; «Tilfælde» = case/instance. The final movement asks whether the reader could answer as Abraham did."}],"words":[{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"topic, resumed by Dig","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of henvender","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"hvem","lemma":"hvem","morphology":"pronoun, common gender","role":"oblique complement of til","gloss":"whom"},{"surface":"min","lemma":"min","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Tale","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"Tale","lemma":"tale","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of henvender","gloss":"speech"},{"surface":"henvender","lemma":"henvende","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Du","gloss":"turns"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of henvender","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking det to Tilfælde","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Tilfælde","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"Tilfælde","lemma":"tilfælde","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of var","gloss":"the case"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dig","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of med","gloss":"you"}]},{"number":98,"label":"98","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s98","source":"Naar Du langt borte saae de tunge Tilskikkelser nærme sig, sagde Du da ikke til Bjergene, skjuler mig, til Højene, falder over mig?","translation":"When from afar you saw the heavy dispensations drawing near, did you not say to the mountains, hide me, to the hills, fall upon me?","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Tilskikkelser","title":"Tilskikkelser — dispensations, fates sent by God","body":"«Tilskikkelse» = something dispensed or ordained (by Providence), a fate sent upon one. «skjuler mig … falder over mig» (hide me … fall upon me) echoes Hosea 10:8 / Luke 23:30. «saae» (saw) keeps the doubled vowel; «skjuler» the period «skj-»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Naar","lemma":"naar","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of saae","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of saae","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"langt","lemma":"langt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies borte","gloss":"far"},{"surface":"borte","lemma":"borte","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies saae","gloss":"away"},{"surface":"saae","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the naar-clause","gloss":"saw"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of Tilskikkelser","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tunge","lemma":"tung","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies Tilskikkelser","gloss":"heavy"},{"surface":"Tilskikkelser","lemma":"tilskikkelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of saae","gloss":"dispensations"},{"surface":"nærme","lemma":"nærme","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of saae","gloss":"draw near"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of nærme","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"sagde","lemma":"sige","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sagde","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sagde","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sagde","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Bjergene","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Bjergene","lemma":"bjerg","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of sagde","gloss":"the mountains"},{"surface":"skjuler","lemma":"skjule","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the quoted clause","gloss":"hide"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of skjuler","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Højene","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Højene","lemma":"høj","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of falder","gloss":"the hills"},{"surface":"falder","lemma":"falde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with skjuler","gloss":"fall"},{"surface":"over","lemma":"over","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mig","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of falder","gloss":"me"}]},{"number":99,"label":"99","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s99","source":"Eller var Du stærkere, flyttede dog ikke Foden sig langsomt hen ad Veien, længtes den ikke ligesom tilbage efter de gamle Spor?","translation":"Or were you stronger — and yet did not your foot move slowly along the way, did it not long, as it were, back toward the old paths?","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"de gamle Spor","title":"«efter de gamle Spor» — toward the old tracks","body":"«Spor» = tracks, footprints, traces; «de gamle Spor» = the old, familiar paths one is loath to leave. «flyttede … Foden sig» (the foot moved itself) and «længtes» (longed) make the body's reluctance speak. «Veien» (the way) keeps the «ei» spelling (modern «vejen»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking Du to stærkere","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of stærkere","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"stærkere","lemma":"stærk","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"predicate complement of var","gloss":"stronger"},{"surface":"flyttede","lemma":"flytte","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the second clause","gloss":"moved"},{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies flyttede","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies flyttede","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"Foden","lemma":"fod","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of flyttede","gloss":"the foot"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of flyttede","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"langsomt","lemma":"langsomt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies flyttede","gloss":"slowly"},{"surface":"hen","lemma":"hen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies flyttede","gloss":"along"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Veien","gloss":"along"},{"surface":"Veien","lemma":"vei","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ad","gloss":"the way"},{"surface":"længtes","lemma":"længes","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, deponent","role":"main verb of the third clause","gloss":"long","note":"'længtes' is a deponent verb — passive in form but active in meaning ('to long')."},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of længtes","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies længtes","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ligesom","lemma":"ligesom","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies længtes","gloss":"as it were"},{"surface":"tilbage","lemma":"tilbage","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies længtes","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Spor","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of Spor","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"gamle","lemma":"gammel","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies Spor","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"Spor","lemma":"spor","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of efter","gloss":"paths"}]},{"number":100,"label":"100","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s100","source":"Naar der blev kaldet ad Dig, svarede Du da, eller svarede Du ikke, maaskee sagte, og hviskende?","translation":"When you were called, did you answer then, or did you not answer, perhaps softly, and whispering?","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"sagte","title":"sagte — softly, quietly","body":"«sagte» = softly, gently, in a low voice (not the same as «sagde», said); «hviskende» = whispering. The eulogy ends on this hushed question to the reader: when called, did you answer with Abraham's «her er jeg», or only faintly? «kaldet ad» = called to/for."}],"words":[{"surface":"Naar","lemma":"naar","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kaldet","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive with kaldet","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"blive","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of kaldet","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"kaldet","lemma":"kalde","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the naar-clause","gloss":"called"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dig","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kaldet","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"svarede","lemma":"svare","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"answered"},{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of svarede","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies svarede","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"svarede","lemma":"svare","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with svarede","gloss":"answered"},{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of svarede","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies svarede","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"maaskee","lemma":"maaskee","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies svarede","gloss":"perhaps"},{"surface":"sagte","lemma":"sagte","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies svarede","gloss":"softly"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hviskende","lemma":"hviskende","morphology":"adjective","role":"coordinated with sagte","gloss":"whispering"}]},{"number":101,"label":"101","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s101","source":"Ikke saaledes Abraham, glad, freidig, tillidsfuld, . høit svarede han: her er jeg.","translation":"Not so Abraham: glad, bold, trusting, he answered aloud: here I am.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"saaledes","title":"«saaledes» — thus / so","body":"«saaledes» (modern «således») = 'thus, in this way'. The doubled «aa» (for modern «å») is the hallmark of the 1843 orthography — you will see it throughout: «aarle», «Haab», «Naade», «maaskee». «freidig» (modern «frejdig») = 'bold, undaunted'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies saaledes","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies svarede","gloss":"so","note":"Archaic spelling of \"således\" (thus/so)."},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of svarede, in apposition with han","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"glad","lemma":"glad","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"describes Abraham","gloss":"glad"},{"surface":"freidig","lemma":"freidig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with glad","gloss":"bold"},{"surface":"tillidsfuld","lemma":"tillidsfuld","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with glad","gloss":"trusting"},{"surface":"høit","lemma":"høit","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies svarede","gloss":"aloud"},{"surface":"svarede","lemma":"svare","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"answered"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of svarede","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"her","lemma":"her","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the quotation","gloss":"am"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"I"}]},{"number":102,"label":"102","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s102","source":"Vi læse videre: ,og Abraham stod aarle om Morgenen.\"","translation":"We read further: \"and Abraham rose early in the morning.\"","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":null,"title":"The low comma as opening quotation mark","body":"«,og Abraham stod...\"» — in this 19th-century edition a quotation opens with a baseline comma (,) and closes with a raised double mark (\"). Read «,og ... Morgenen.\"» as 'and Abraham rose early in the morning.', a phrase quoted from Genesis 22:3."}],"words":[{"surface":"Vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of læse","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"læse","lemma":"læse","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"read","note":"Older Danish plural present (\"vi læse\"); modern Danish uses \"vi læser\" for all persons."},{"surface":"videre","lemma":"videre","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies læse","gloss":"further"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"begins the quoted clause","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of stod","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"stod","lemma":"stå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the quoted clause","gloss":"rose"},{"surface":"aarle","lemma":"aarle","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stod","gloss":"early","note":"Archaic word for \"early\" (modern Danish \"tidligt\")."},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Morgenen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Morgenen","lemma":"Morgen","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stod","gloss":"the morning"}]},{"number":103,"label":"103","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s103","source":"Som var det til en Fest, saaledes ilede han, og aarle om Morgenen var han paa det aftalte Sted, paa Morija-Bjerget.","translation":"As though it were to a feast, so he hastened, and early in the morning he was at the appointed place, on Mount Moriah.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of var","gloss":"as though"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"verb of the som-clause, linking det to Fest","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Fest","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Fest","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Fest","lemma":"fest","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of var","gloss":"feast"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ilede","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"ilede","lemma":"ile","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"hastened"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ilede","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"aarle","lemma":"aarle","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var (w14)","gloss":"early"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Morgenen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Morgenen","lemma":"Morgen","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of var (w14)","gloss":"the morning"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the second clause, coordinated with ilede","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var (w14)","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Sted","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Sted","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"aftalte","lemma":"aftale","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"modifies Sted","gloss":"appointed"},{"surface":"Sted","lemma":"Sted","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of paa","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Morija-Bjerget, in apposition to Sted","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"Morija-Bjerget","lemma":"Morija-Bjerget","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of paa (w20)","gloss":"Mount Moriah"}]},{"number":104,"label":"104","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s104","source":"Han talte Intet til Sara, Intet til Elieser, hvo kunde ogsaa forstaa ham, havde Fristelsen ikke ved sit Væsen taget Tausheds Løfte af ham?","translation":"He said nothing to Sarah, nothing to Eliezer — for who indeed could have understood him? Had not the trial by its very nature taken from him a vow of silence?","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Fristelsen","title":"«Fristelse» — temptation / trial","body":"«Fristelse» = 'temptation', but here the testing of Abraham — Danish, like the German «Versuchung», fuses 'temptation' and 'ordeal'. «hvo» is an archaic 'who' (modern «hvem»). «Taushed» = 'silence', the keynote of the whole book (its narrator is «Johannes de silentio», John of the silence)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of talte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"talte","lemma":"tale","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Intet","lemma":"intet","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of talte","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Sara","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Sara","lemma":"Sara","morphology":"proper noun","role":"object of til","gloss":"Sarah"},{"surface":"Intet","lemma":"intet","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of talte","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Elieser","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Elieser","lemma":"Elieser","morphology":"proper noun","role":"object of til","gloss":"Eliezer"},{"surface":"hvo","lemma":"hvo","morphology":"pronoun, interrogative","role":"subject of kunde","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"verb, modal, past, indicative, active","role":"modal verb, governs forstaa","gloss":"could","note":"Archaic spelling of \"kunne\" (could)."},{"surface":"ogsaa","lemma":"ogsaa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kunde","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"forstaa","lemma":"forstaa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of kunde","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of forstaa","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of taget","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"Fristelsen","lemma":"Fristelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of taget","gloss":"the trial"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies taget","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Væsen","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Væsen","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"Væsen","lemma":"Væsen","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of taget","gloss":"nature"},{"surface":"taget","lemma":"tage","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"past participle; with havde forms the main verb of the sentence","gloss":"taken"},{"surface":"Tausheds","lemma":"Taushed","morphology":"noun, common gender, genitive singular","role":"possessor of Løfte","gloss":"of silence","note":"Archaic spelling of \"Tavshed\" (silence)."},{"surface":"Løfte","lemma":"Løfte","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of taget","gloss":"a vow"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ham","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of taget","gloss":"him"}]},{"number":105,"label":"105","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s105","source":",Han kløvede Brændet, han bandt Isaak, han antændte Baalet, han drog Kniven.\"","translation":"\"He cleft the wood, he bound Isaac, he lit the pyre, he drew the knife.\"","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kløvede","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kløvede","lemma":"kløve","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"cleft"},{"surface":"Brændet","lemma":"Brænde","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of kløvede","gloss":"the wood"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bandt","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"bandt","lemma":"binde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with kløvede","gloss":"bound"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of bandt","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of antændte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"antændte","lemma":"antænde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with bandt","gloss":"lit"},{"surface":"Baalet","lemma":"Baal","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of antændte","gloss":"the pyre"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of drog","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"drog","lemma":"drage","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with antændte","gloss":"drew"},{"surface":"Kniven","lemma":"Kniv","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of drog","gloss":"the knife"}]},{"number":106,"label":"106","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s106","source":"Min Tilhører!","translation":"My hearer!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Min","lemma":"min","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Tilhører","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"Tilhører","lemma":"Tilhører","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"hearer"}]},{"number":107,"label":"107","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s107","source":"Der var mangen Fader, der troede i sit Barn at miste, hvad ham var kjærest i Verden, at berøves ethvert Fremtids Haab; men der var jo dog Ingen, der i den Forstand var Forjættelsens Barn, som Isaak var det for Abraham.","translation":"There was many a father who believed that in his child he lost what was dearest to him in the world, that he was robbed of every hope of the future; yet there was none who in that sense was the child of the promise, as Isaac was for Abraham.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Forjættelsens Barn","title":"«Forjættelse» — the promise","body":"«Forjættelsens Barn» = 'the child of the promise'. «Forjættelse» (promise, esp. a divine pledge) marks Isaac as the son God had promised — which is precisely why his sacrifice is the paradox. «mangen Fader» = 'many a father' (singular «mangen» + singular noun)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive with var","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"mangen","lemma":"mangen","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Fader","gloss":"many a","note":"Archaic determiner meaning \"many a,\" used with a singular noun."},{"surface":"Fader","lemma":"fader","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"logical subject of var","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of troede","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"troede","lemma":"tro","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Fader","gloss":"believed"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Barn","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Barn","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Barn","lemma":"barn","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of miste","gloss":"his child"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of miste","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"miste","lemma":"miste","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of troede","gloss":"lose"},{"surface":"hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"introduces the clause of kjærest","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of var","gloss":"to him"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking hvad to kjærest","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"kjærest","lemma":"kjær","morphology":"adjective, superlative","role":"predicate adjective, complement of var","gloss":"dearest"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Verden","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Verden","lemma":"verden","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kjærest","gloss":"the world"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of berøves","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"berøves","lemma":"berøve","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of troede, coordinated with miste","gloss":"be robbed of","note":"Passive infinitive of \"berøve\" (to rob/deprive) — literally \"to be deprived of.\""},{"surface":"ethvert","lemma":"ethvert","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Haab","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"Fremtids","lemma":"fremtid","morphology":"noun, common gender, genitive singular","role":"possessor of Haab","gloss":"future's"},{"surface":"Haab","lemma":"haab","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of berøves","gloss":"hope"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive with var","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the coordinated clause","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"jo","lemma":"jo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"Ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"logical subject of var","gloss":"none"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of var (w33)","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Forstand","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Forstand","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Forstand","lemma":"Forstand","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of var (w33)","gloss":"sense"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking der to Barn","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"Forjættelsens","lemma":"Forjættelsen","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Barn","gloss":"the promise's"},{"surface":"Barn","lemma":"barn","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of var (w33)","gloss":"child"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of var (w38)","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of var (w38)","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking Isaak to det","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of var, referring back to Barn","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Abraham","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"object of for","gloss":"Abraham"}]},{"number":108,"label":"108","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s108","source":"Der var mangen Fader, der mistede sit Barn, men. saa var det jo Gud, den Almægtiges uforanderlige og urandsagelige Villie, hans Haand tog det.","translation":"There was many a father who lost his child, but then it was God, the Almighty's unchangeable and unsearchable will, His hand that took it.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Almægtiges","title":"«den Almægtige» — the Almighty","body":"«den Almægtige» = 'the Almighty'. «uforanderlige og urandsagelige» = 'unchangeable and unsearchable' — the negating prefix «u-» (like English 'un-') stacked twice; «urandsagelig» = 'that cannot be searched out / fathomed'. «Villie» is the period spelling of «Vilje» (will)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive with var","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"mangen","lemma":"mangen","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Fader","gloss":"many a"},{"surface":"Fader","lemma":"fader","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"logical subject of var","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of mistede","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"mistede","lemma":"miste","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Fader","gloss":"lost"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Barn","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Barn","lemma":"barn","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of mistede","gloss":"child"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var (w11)","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking det to Gud","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var (w11)","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"jo","lemma":"jo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var (w11)","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of var (w11)","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Almægtiges","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almægtiges","lemma":"Almægtig","morphology":"adjective (substantive use), genitive singular","role":"possessor of Villie","gloss":"Almighty's"},{"surface":"uforanderlige","lemma":"uforanderlig","morphology":"adjective, weak declension","role":"modifies Villie","gloss":"unchangeable"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"urandsagelige","lemma":"urandsagelig","morphology":"adjective, weak declension","role":"coordinated with uforanderlige","gloss":"unsearchable"},{"surface":"Villie","lemma":"Villie","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"in apposition to Gud, predicate complement of var (w11)","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Haand","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Haand","lemma":"haand","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tog","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"tog","lemma":"tage","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"took"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of tog","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":109,"label":"109","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s109","source":"Ikke saaledes med Abraham.","translation":"Not so with Abraham.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies saaledes","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Abraham","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of saaledes","gloss":"Abraham"}]},{"number":110,"label":"110","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s110","source":"Ham var en tungere Prøve forbe-holdt, og Isaaks Skjæbne var med Kniven lagt i Abrahams Haand.","translation":"For him a heavier trial was reserved, and Isaac's fate was laid together with the knife in Abraham's hand.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of forbe-holdt","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of forbe-holdt (passive)","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Prøve","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"tungere","lemma":"tung","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"modifies Prøve","gloss":"heavier"},{"surface":"Prøve","lemma":"Prøve","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of forbe-holdt","gloss":"trial"},{"surface":"forbe-holdt","lemma":"forbeholde","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"reserved","note":"Line-break hyphenation of \"forbeholdt\" (reserved)."},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Isaaks","lemma":"Isaaks","morphology":"proper noun, genitive","role":"possessor of Skjæbne","gloss":"Isaac's"},{"surface":"Skjæbne","lemma":"skjæbne","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var (w10)","gloss":"fate"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of lagt","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Kniven","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Kniven","lemma":"Kniv","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of lagt","gloss":"the knife"},{"surface":"lagt","lemma":"lægge","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"laid"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Abrahams","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Abrahams","lemma":"Abrahams","morphology":"proper noun, genitive","role":"possessor of Haand","gloss":"Abraham's"},{"surface":"Haand","lemma":"haand","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of lagt","gloss":"hand"}]},{"number":111,"label":"111","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s111","source":"Og han stod der, den gamle Mand med sit eneste Haab!","translation":"And there he stood, the old man with his only hope!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of stod","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"stod","lemma":"stå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stod","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Mand","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"gamle","lemma":"gammel","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Mand","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"Mand","lemma":"Mand","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"in apposition to han","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Haab","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Haab","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"eneste","lemma":"eneste","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies Haab","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"Haab","lemma":"haab","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of Mand","gloss":"hope"}]},{"number":112,"label":"112","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s112","source":"Men han tvivlede ikke, han skuede ikke ængstelig til Højre eller Venstre, han udfordrede ikke Himlen ved sine Bønner.","translation":"But he did not doubt, he did not gaze anxiously to right or left, he did not challenge heaven with his prayers.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tvivlede","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"tvivlede","lemma":"tvivle","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"doubted"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tvivlede","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of skuede","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"skuede","lemma":"skue","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with tvivlede","gloss":"gazed"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies skuede","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ængstelig","lemma":"ængstelig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies skuede","gloss":"anxiously"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Højre","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Højre","lemma":"Højre","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of skuede","gloss":"the right"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"Venstre","lemma":"venstre","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with Højre","gloss":"the left"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of udfordrede","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"udfordrede","lemma":"udfordre","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with skuede","gloss":"challenged"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies udfordrede","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"Himlen","lemma":"Himmel","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of udfordrede","gloss":"heaven"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Bønner","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sine","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, plural, reflexive","role":"determiner of Bønner","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Bønner","lemma":"bøn","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of udfordrede","gloss":"prayers"}]},{"number":113,"label":"113","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s113","source":"Han vidste, det var Gud den Almægtige, der prøvede ham, han vidste, det var det tungeste Offer, der kunde fordres af ham; men han vidste ogsaa, at intet Offer var for tungt, naar Gud fordrede det — og han drog Kniven.","translation":"He knew it was God the Almighty who tried him, he knew it was the heaviest sacrifice that could be demanded of him; but he also knew that no sacrifice was too heavy when God demanded it — and he drew the knife.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Offer","title":"«Offer» — sacrifice","body":"«Offer» = 'sacrifice / offering'; «fordres af ham» = 'be demanded of him' (passive «fordres»). The em-dash «—» before «og han drog Kniven» ('and he drew the knife') lets the clause fall like the blade. «naar» (modern «når») = 'when'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vidste","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"vidste","lemma":"vide","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var (w4)","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking det to Gud","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of var (w4)","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Almægtige","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almægtige","lemma":"Almægtig","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"in apposition to Gud","gloss":"Almighty"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of prøvede","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"prøvede","lemma":"prøve","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Gud","gloss":"tried"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of prøvede","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vidste (w12)","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"vidste","lemma":"vide","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the second clause, parallel to vidste (w2)","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var (w14)","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking det to Offer","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Offer","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tungeste","lemma":"tung","morphology":"adjective, superlative","role":"modifies Offer","gloss":"heaviest"},{"surface":"Offer","lemma":"Offer","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of var (w14)","gloss":"sacrifice"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of fordres","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"verb, modal, past, indicative, active","role":"modal verb, governs fordres","gloss":"could","note":"Archaic spelling of \"kunne\" (could)."},{"surface":"fordres","lemma":"fordre","morphology":"verb, present, infinitive, passive","role":"infinitive complement of kunde, relative clause on Offer","gloss":"be demanded"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ham","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of fordres","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vidste (w25)","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"vidste","lemma":"vide","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the third clause, coordinated with vidste (w2, w12)","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"ogsaa","lemma":"ogsaa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vidste (w25)","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of var (w30)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"intet","lemma":"intet","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Offer","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"Offer","lemma":"Offer","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var (w30)","gloss":"sacrifice"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking Offer to tungt","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tungt","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"tungt","lemma":"tung","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of var (w30)","gloss":"heavy"},{"surface":"naar","lemma":"naar","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fordrede","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fordrede","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"fordrede","lemma":"fordre","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"verb of the naar-clause, modifies var (w30)","gloss":"demanded"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of fordrede","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of drog","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"drog","lemma":"drage","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the final clause, coordinated with vidste","gloss":"drew"},{"surface":"Kniven","lemma":"Kniv","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of drog","gloss":"the knife"}]},{"number":114,"label":"114","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s114","source":"nl Hvo styrkede Abrahams Arm, hvo holdt hans Høire opløftet, at den ikke.sank afmægtig ned!","translation":"nl Who strengthened Abraham's arm, who held his right hand uplifted, that it did not sink down powerless!","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Hvo","title":"«Hvo» — archaic 'who'","body":"«Hvo» is the old nominative 'who' (modern «hvem»), here opening a rhetorical question. «Høire» = 'right hand'; «opløftet» = 'uplifted' — the «op-» prefix ('up') plus the past participle. «afmægtig» = 'powerless, faint'."}],"words":[{"surface":"nl","lemma":"nl","morphology":"artifact","role":"no syntactic role (text artifact)","gloss":"nl","note":"Stray artifact carried over from the source text/OCR, not a Danish word; preserved as-is since it also appears (untranslated) in the English translation."},{"surface":"Hvo","lemma":"hvo","morphology":"pronoun, interrogative","role":"subject of styrkede","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"styrkede","lemma":"styrke","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"strengthened"},{"surface":"Abrahams","lemma":"Abrahams","morphology":"proper noun, genitive","role":"possessor of Arm","gloss":"Abraham's"},{"surface":"Arm","lemma":"Arm","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of styrkede","gloss":"arm"},{"surface":"hvo","lemma":"hvo","morphology":"pronoun, interrogative","role":"subject of holdt","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"holdt","lemma":"holde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with styrkede","gloss":"held"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Høire","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Høire","lemma":"Høire","morphology":"noun (adjective used as noun), common gender, singular","role":"direct object of holdt","gloss":"right hand","note":"\"Høire\" (right) is used here as a noun meaning \"right hand.\""},{"surface":"opløftet","lemma":"opløfte","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"object complement of holdt, describing Høire","gloss":"uplifted"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ikke.sank","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ikke.sank","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"ikke.sank","lemma":"ikke synke","morphology":"adverb + verb (negation + past tense of \"synke\")","role":"negated main verb of the clause, subject den","gloss":"did not sink","note":"Source line-break artifact: the two words \"ikke sank\" (did not sink) were joined by a stray period in this batch's segmentation; glossed together as one unit."},{"surface":"afmægtig","lemma":"afmægtig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement describing den, with ikke.sank","gloss":"powerless"},{"surface":"ned","lemma":"ned","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ikke.sank","gloss":"down"}]},{"number":115,"label":"115","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s115","source":"Den, der seer derpaa, han bliver lammet.","translation":"Whoever looks upon it is paralyzed.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of seer","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"seer","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Den","gloss":"looks","note":"Archaic spelling of \"ser\" (looks/sees)."},{"surface":"derpaa","lemma":"derpaa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies seer","gloss":"upon it"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bliver","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"bliver","lemma":"blive","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking han to lammet","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"lammet","lemma":"lamme","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"predicate complement of bliver","gloss":"paralyzed"}]},{"number":116,"label":"116","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s116","source":"Hvo styrkede Abrahams Sjæl, at det ikke sortnede for hans Øie, saa han hverken saae Isaak eller Væderen!","translation":"Who strengthened Abraham's soul, that it did not grow dark before his eye, so that he saw neither Isaac nor the ram!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hvo","lemma":"hvo","morphology":"pronoun, interrogative","role":"subject of styrkede","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"styrkede","lemma":"styrke","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"strengthened"},{"surface":"Abrahams","lemma":"Abrahams","morphology":"proper noun, genitive","role":"possessor of Sjæl","gloss":"Abraham's"},{"surface":"Sjæl","lemma":"Sjæl","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of styrkede","gloss":"soul"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sortnede","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of sortnede","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sortnede","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"sortnede","lemma":"sortne","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"verb of the at-clause, clausal complement of styrkede","gloss":"grew dark"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Øie","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Øie","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Øie","lemma":"Øie","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of for","gloss":"eye"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of saae","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of saae","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hverken","lemma":"hverken","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies saae","gloss":"neither"},{"surface":"saae","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the saa-clause, result of sortnede","gloss":"saw","note":"Archaic spelling of \"så\" (saw)."},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of saae","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"Væderen","lemma":"Væder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Isaak","gloss":"the ram"}]},{"number":117,"label":"117","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s117","source":"Den, der seer derpaa, han bliver blind.","translation":"Whoever looks upon it is struck blind.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of seer","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"seer","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Den","gloss":"looks"},{"surface":"derpaa","lemma":"derpaa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies seer","gloss":"upon it"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bliver","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"bliver","lemma":"blive","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking han to blind","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"blind","lemma":"blind","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of bliver","gloss":"blind"}]},{"number":118,"label":"118","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s118","source":"— Og dog sjelden nok er maaskee. den, der bliver lam og blind, endnu sjednere den, der værdigen fortæller, hvad der skete.","translation":"— And yet rare enough perhaps is the one who is made lame and blind, rarer still the one who worthily recounts what came to pass.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":null,"title":"Sentence opening on an em-dash","body":"This sentence begins with «—», a rhetorical pause carried over from the edition's typography; we preserve it. «sjelden» (modern «sjælden») = 'rare', «maaskee» (modern «måske») = 'perhaps'. «værdigen» = 'worthily', an adverb in archaic «-en»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Og","lemma":"og","morphology":"coordinating conjunction","role":"conjunction connecting to the previous sentence","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sjelden","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"sjelden","lemma":"sjælden","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate adjective, complement of er (linked to den)","gloss":"rare"},{"surface":"nok","lemma":"nok","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sjelden","gloss":"enough"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula, links den to sjelden nok","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"maaskee","lemma":"maaskee","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"perhaps"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of bliver, relative pronoun referring to den","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"bliver","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the relative clause on den","gloss":"is made"},{"surface":"lam","lemma":"lam","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate adjective with bliver, coordinated with blind","gloss":"lame"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinates lam and blind","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"blind","lemma":"blind","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate adjective coordinated with lam","gloss":"blind"},{"surface":"endnu","lemma":"endnu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sjednere","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"sjednere","lemma":"sjælden","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"predicate complement of an elided er, parallel to sjelden","gloss":"rarer","note":"sjednere is a printer's slip for sjeldnere, the comparative of sjelden ('rare'); the verb er from the first half of the sentence carries over here."},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of the elided er, parallel to the first den","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of fortæller","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"værdigen","lemma":"værdig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fortæller","gloss":"worthily"},{"surface":"fortæller","lemma":"fortælle","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the relative clause on the second den","gloss":"recounts"},{"surface":"hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object clause of fortæller, introduces the clause of skete","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, expletive","role":"subject placeholder of skete, required before the verb","gloss":"that","note":"der here is an obligatory grammatical filler before the verb in a hvad der... clause; it has no separate translation."},{"surface":"skete","lemma":"ske","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the hvad-clause, object of fortæller","gloss":"came to pass"}]},{"number":119,"label":"119","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s119","source":"Vi vide det Alle — det var kun en Prøvelse.","translation":"We all know it — it was only a trial.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Prøvelse","title":"«Prøvelse» — a trial / testing","body":"«Prøvelse» = 'trial, ordeal' (from «at prøve», to test). The whole eulogy turns on this word: «det var kun en Prøvelse» ('it was only a trial') — the reader, unlike Abraham, knows the ending in advance."}],"words":[{"surface":"Vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of vide","gloss":"We"},{"surface":"vide","lemma":"vide","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"know","note":"vide is the old plural present-tense form (agreeing with Vi); modern Danish uses the invariant ved for all persons."},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of vide","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"Alle","lemma":"al","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"modifies Vi (postposed quantifier, 'we all')","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Prøvelse","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"kun","lemma":"kun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Prøvelse","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Prøvelse","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Prøvelse","lemma":"prøvelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate noun, complement of var","gloss":"trial"}]},{"number":120,"label":"120","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s120","source":"Hvis Abraham, da han stod paa Morija-Bjerget, havde tvivlet, hvis han raadvild havde skuet omkring sig, hvis han, inden han drog Kniven, ved et Tilfælde havde opdaget Væderen, hvis Gud havde tilladt ham at offre den istedenfor Isaak — da var han dragen hjem, Alt var det Samme, han havde Sara, han beholdt Isaak, og dog hvor forandret!","translation":"If Abraham, when he stood on Mount Moriah, had doubted — if, irresolute, he had looked about him, if, before he drew the knife, he had by chance discovered the ram, if God had permitted him to sacrifice it instead of Isaac — then he would have gone home, everything would have been the same, he had Sarah, he kept Isaac, and yet how changed!","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Hvis","title":"«hvis … hvis … hvis» — stacked conditions","body":"Kierkegaard piles up «hvis» ('if') clauses — a four-fold anaphora — before the «da» ('then') resolves them, mirroring the «dersom … dersom» cascade that opens the book. «raadvild» (modern «rådvild») = 'irresolute, at a loss'. «istedenfor» = 'instead of'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hvis","lemma":"hvis","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tvivlet","gloss":"If"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of tvivlet","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of stod","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of stod","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"stod","lemma":"stå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"verb of the temporal da-clause, modifies tvivlet","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Morija-Bjerget","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"Morija-Bjerget","lemma":"Morija-Bjerget","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of stod","gloss":"Mount Moriah"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tvivlet","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"tvivlet","lemma":"tvivle","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the first hvis-clause, coordinated with skuet","gloss":"doubted"},{"surface":"hvis","lemma":"hvis","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of skuet","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of skuet","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"raadvild","lemma":"rådvild","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies skuet (predicative, 'irresolute')","gloss":"irresolute"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of skuet","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"skuet","lemma":"skue","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the second hvis-clause, coordinated with tvivlet","gloss":"looked"},{"surface":"omkring","lemma":"omkring","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sig","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"oblique complement of skuet","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"hvis","lemma":"hvis","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of opdaget","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of opdaget","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"inden","lemma":"inden","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of drog","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of drog","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"drog","lemma":"drage","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the inden-clause (temporal adjunct on opdaget)","gloss":"drew","note":"drage covers both 'to draw' (a blade, as here) and 'to journey/travel' (as later in Da Du drog hjem) — the same verb, two senses."},{"surface":"Kniven","lemma":"kniv","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of drog","gloss":"the knife"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Tilfælde","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Tilfælde","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Tilfælde","lemma":"tilfælde","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of opdaget ('ved et Tilfælde' = 'by chance')","gloss":"chance"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of opdaget","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"opdaget","lemma":"opdage","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the third hvis-clause, coordinated with tvivlet and skuet","gloss":"discovered"},{"surface":"Væderen","lemma":"væder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of opdaget","gloss":"the ram"},{"surface":"hvis","lemma":"hvis","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tilladt","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tilladt","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tilladt","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"tilladt","lemma":"tillade","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the fourth hvis-clause, coordinated with tvivlet, skuet, opdaget","gloss":"permitted"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tilladt","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle, infinitive marker","role":"introduces the infinitive clause of offre","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"offre","lemma":"offre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of tilladt (with ham as controller)","gloss":"sacrifice"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of offre","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"istedenfor","lemma":"istedenfor","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Isaak","gloss":"instead of"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of offre","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var (resumptive 'then' introducing the main clause)","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of dragen","gloss":"would have"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of dragen","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"dragen","lemma":"drage","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"predicate participle with var (var dragen = 'would have gone'), modifies hjem","gloss":"gone"},{"surface":"hjem","lemma":"hjem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dragen","gloss":"home"},{"surface":"Alt","lemma":"al","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Samme","gloss":"would have been"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Samme","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Samme","lemma":"samme","morphology":"adjective","role":"predicate complement of var ('det Samme' = 'the same')","gloss":"same"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of havde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause (han havde Sara)","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"Sara","lemma":"Sara","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of havde","gloss":"Sarah"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of beholdt","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"beholdt","lemma":"beholde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause (han beholdt Isaak), coordinated with havde","gloss":"kept"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of beholdt","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forandret","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"hvor","lemma":"hvor","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forandret (exclamative 'how')","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"forandret","lemma":"forandre","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"exclamatory predicate of an elided var, coordinated with beholdt","gloss":"changed"}]},{"number":121,"label":"121","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s121","source":"Thi hans Tilbagetog var en Flugt, hans Frelse et Tilfælde, hans Løn Beskæmmelse, hans Fremtid. maaskee Fortabelse.","translation":"For his retreat would have been a flight, his deliverance an accident, his reward disgrace, his future perhaps perdition.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"coordinating conjunction","role":"conjunction connecting to the previous sentence (introduces the reason)","gloss":"For"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Tilbagetog","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Tilbagetog","lemma":"tilbagetog","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"retreat"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Flugt","gloss":"would have been"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Flugt","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Flugt","lemma":"flugt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate noun, complement of var","gloss":"flight"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Frelse","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Frelse","lemma":"frelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of an elided var, parallel to Tilbagetog","gloss":"deliverance"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Tilfælde","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Tilfælde","lemma":"tilfælde","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate noun of the elided var, coordinated with Flugt","gloss":"accident"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Løn","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Løn","lemma":"løn","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of an elided var, parallel to Tilbagetog and Frelse","gloss":"reward"},{"surface":"Beskæmmelse","lemma":"beskæmmelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate noun of the elided var, coordinated with Flugt and Tilfælde","gloss":"disgrace"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Fremtid","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Fremtid","lemma":"fremtid","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of an elided var, parallel to Tilbagetog, Frelse, Løn","gloss":"future"},{"surface":"maaskee","lemma":"maaskee","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Fortabelse","gloss":"perhaps"},{"surface":"Fortabelse","lemma":"fortabelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate noun of the elided var, coordinated with Flugt, Tilfælde, Beskæmmelse","gloss":"perdition"}]},{"number":122,"label":"122","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s122","source":"Da havde han - hverken vidnet om sin Tro eller om Guds Naade, men vidnet om, hvor forfærdeligt det er, at drage op til Morija-Bjerget.","translation":"Then he would have witnessed neither to his faith nor to God's grace, but witnessed to how dreadful it is to journey up to Mount Moriah.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Tro","title":"«Tro» og «Naade» — faith and grace","body":"«Tro» = 'faith' and «Naade» = 'grace' are the two poles of the book; the point is that a doubting Abraham would have testified to neither. «vidnet om» = 'borne witness to'. «forfærdeligt» = 'dreadful, terrible'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vidnet","gloss":"Then"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of vidnet","gloss":"would have"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vidnet","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hverken","lemma":"hverken","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vidnet","gloss":"neither"},{"surface":"vidnet","lemma":"vidne","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb (participle) of the sentence, governed by havde","gloss":"witnessed"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Tro","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Tro","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Tro","lemma":"tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of om, complement of vidnet","gloss":"faith"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Naade","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Guds","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Naade","gloss":"God's"},{"surface":"Naade","lemma":"nåde","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of om, head of Guds Naade, coordinated with Tro","gloss":"grace"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"vidnet","lemma":"vidne","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"coordinated with the first vidnet, governed by havde","gloss":"witnessed"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of forfærdeligt","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"hvor","lemma":"hvor","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forfærdeligt","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"forfærdeligt","lemma":"forfærdelig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"predicate adjective, complement of er (within the om-clause)","gloss":"dreadful"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula, links det to forfærdeligt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle, infinitive marker","role":"introduces the infinitive clause of drage","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"drage","lemma":"drage","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive clause, logical subject of er (extraposed after det)","gloss":"journey"},{"surface":"op","lemma":"op","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on drage","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Morija-Bjerget","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Morija-Bjerget","lemma":"Morija-Bjerget","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of til","gloss":"Mount Moriah"}]},{"number":123,"label":"123","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s123","source":"Da skulde Abraham ikke være glemt, ei heller Morija-Bjerget.","translation":"Then Abraham would not be forgotten, nor would Mount Moriah.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies skulde","gloss":"Then"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"modal auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of glemt","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of glemt","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies glemt","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of glemt","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"glemt","lemma":"glemme","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb (participle) of the sentence, governed by skulde være","gloss":"forgotten"},{"surface":"ei","lemma":"ei","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of ei heller ('nor'), coordinates with the ikke clause","gloss":"not","note":"ei heller is an archaic fixed phrase meaning 'nor' (modern Danish: heller ikke / ej heller)."},{"surface":"heller","lemma":"heller","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of ei heller ('nor'), coordinated with the ikke clause","gloss":"either"},{"surface":"Morija-Bjerget","lemma":"Morija-Bjerget","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of an elided skulde være glemt, coordinated with Abraham","gloss":"Mount Moriah"}]},{"number":124,"label":"124","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s124","source":"Dette skulde da nævnes ikke som Årarat, hvor Arken landede, men nævnes. som en Forfærdelse, fordi det var her, at Abraham tvivlede.","translation":"Then it would be named not as Ararat, where the ark came to rest, but named as a horror, because it was here that Abraham doubted.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of nævnes","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"modal auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of nævnes","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies nævnes","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"nævnes","lemma":"nævne","morphology":"verb, infinitive, passive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"be named"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies nævnes","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Årarat","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"Årarat","lemma":"Årarat","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of nævnes","gloss":"Ararat"},{"surface":"hvor","lemma":"hvor","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies landede","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"Arken","lemma":"ark","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of landede","gloss":"the ark"},{"surface":"landede","lemma":"lande","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Årarat","gloss":"came to rest"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"nævnes","lemma":"nævne","morphology":"verb, infinitive, passive","role":"coordinated with the first nævnes (elided subject Dette and skulde)","gloss":"named"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Forfærdelse","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Forfærdelse","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Forfærdelse","lemma":"forfærdelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of the second nævnes","gloss":"horror"},{"surface":"fordi","lemma":"fordi","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of var","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to her","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"her","lemma":"her","morphology":"adverb","role":"predicate adverb, complement of var","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the cleft clause of tvivlede","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of tvivlede","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"tvivlede","lemma":"tvivle","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"verb of the cleft clause (at Abraham tvivlede), modifies her","gloss":"doubted"}]},{"number":125,"label":"125","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s125","source":"Ed | i | k Ærværdige Fader Abraham!","translation":"Venerable Father Abraham!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ed","lemma":"Ed","morphology":"unclear (OCR artifact)","role":"OCR artifact, not part of the sentence syntax","gloss":"unclear","note":"Ed | i | k is scanning/OCR noise from the source page images, not meaningful Danish text; the translation omits it and begins at Ærværdige."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"unclear (OCR artifact)","role":"OCR artifact, not part of the sentence syntax","gloss":"unclear"},{"surface":"k","lemma":"k","morphology":"unclear (OCR artifact)","role":"OCR artifact, not part of the sentence syntax","gloss":"unclear"},{"surface":"Ærværdige","lemma":"ærværdig","morphology":"adjective, weak/definite declension","role":"modifies Fader","gloss":"Venerable"},{"surface":"Fader","lemma":"fader","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the vocative phrase","gloss":"Father"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"in apposition with Fader (Fader Abraham = 'Father Abraham')","gloss":"Abraham"}]},{"number":126,"label":"126","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s126","source":"Da. Du drog hjem fra Morija-Bjerget, da behøvede Du ingen Lovtale, der kunde trøste Dig for det Tabte; thi Du vandt jo Alt, og beholdt Isaak, var det ikke saaledes?","translation":"When you journeyed home from Mount Moriah, you needed no eulogy to console you for what was lost; for you won everything indeed, and kept Isaac, was it not so?","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Du","title":"«Du» — the intimate 'thou'","body":"From here the eulogy addresses Abraham directly as «Du» (thou), capitalized as a mark of reverence — the intimate, reverential second person (thou), used for God, a beloved, or Abraham here. The formal/polite pronoun in Danish is «De/Dem/Deres», not «Du». «Lovtale» = 'eulogy, panegyric' (literally 'praise-speech'), the title of this whole section."}],"words":[{"surface":"Da","lemma":"da","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the temporal clause, modifies drog","gloss":"When"},{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of drog","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"drog","lemma":"drage","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the temporal da-clause, modifies behøvede","gloss":"journeyed"},{"surface":"hjem","lemma":"hjem","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on drog","gloss":"home"},{"surface":"fra","lemma":"fra","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Morija-Bjerget","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"Morija-Bjerget","lemma":"Morija-Bjerget","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of fra","gloss":"Mount Moriah"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies behøvede","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"behøvede","lemma":"behøve","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"needed"},{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of behøvede","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Lovtale","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"Lovtale","lemma":"lovtale","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of behøvede","gloss":"eulogy"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of trøste","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"modal auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of trøste","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"trøste","lemma":"trøste","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"relative clause on Lovtale","gloss":"console"},{"surface":"Dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of trøste","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking det","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"object of for, antecedent of Tabte ('det Tabte' = 'what was lost')","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"Tabte","lemma":"tabe","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"relative clause on det","gloss":"was lost"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"coordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vandt","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vandt","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"vandt","lemma":"vinde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the thi-clause","gloss":"won"},{"surface":"jo","lemma":"jo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vandt","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"Alt","lemma":"al","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of vandt","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"beholdt","lemma":"beholde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with vandt","gloss":"kept"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of beholdt","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to saaledes","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies saaledes","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"predicate complement of var (rhetorical question: 'var det ikke saaledes?' = 'was it not so?')","gloss":"so"}]},{"number":127,"label":"127","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s127","source":"Herren . tog ham ikke mere fra Dig, men Du sad. glad tilbords med ham i Dit Paulun, som Du hisset gjør det i alle Evigheder.","translation":"The Lord did not take him from you again, but you sat glad at table with him in your tent, as you do over yonder through all eternities.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Paulun","title":"«Paulun» — tent / pavilion","body":"«Paulun» (from Latin «papilio») is an archaic, biblical word for 'tent, pavilion' — Abraham's dwelling. «hisset» = 'over yonder, in the beyond'; «gjør» is the period spelling of «gør» (do/does), keeping the «gj-» cluster."}],"words":[{"surface":"Herren","lemma":"Herre","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tog","gloss":"The Lord"},{"surface":"tog","lemma":"tage","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"took"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tog","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tog","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"mere","lemma":"mere","morphology":"adverb, comparative","role":"modifies tog ('ikke...mere' = 'not...again')","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"fra","lemma":"fra","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dig","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"Dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender","role":"oblique complement of fra","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sad","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"sad","lemma":"sidde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with tog","gloss":"sat"},{"surface":"glad","lemma":"glad","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate adjective describing Du, modifies sad","gloss":"glad"},{"surface":"tilbords","lemma":"tilbords","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on sad ('at table')","gloss":"at table"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ham","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of med","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Paulun","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Dit","lemma":"din","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Paulun","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"Paulun","lemma":"paulun","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of i","gloss":"tent"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the comparative clause of gjør","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjør","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"hisset","lemma":"hisset","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gjør","gloss":"yonder","note":"hisset is an archaic Danish adverb meaning 'over there/yonder' — here referring to the life beyond, with God."},{"surface":"gjør","lemma":"gøre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the som-clause","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gjør","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Evigheder","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"alle","lemma":"al","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies Evigheder","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"Evigheder","lemma":"evighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of i","gloss":"eternities"}]},{"number":128,"label":"128","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s128","source":"Ærværdige Fader Abraham!","translation":"Venerable Father Abraham!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ærværdige","lemma":"ærværdig","morphology":"adjective, weak/definite declension","role":"modifies Fader","gloss":"Venerable"},{"surface":"Fader","lemma":"fader","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Father"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"in apposition with Fader (Fader Abraham = 'Father Abraham')","gloss":"Abraham"}]},{"number":129,"label":"129","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s129","source":"Aartusinder ere henrundne siden hine Dage, men Du behøver ingen sildig Elsker, der kan udrive Dit Minde af Glemsels Vold; thi ethvert Tungemaal minder Dig — og dog lønner Du Din Elsker herligere end Nogen, Du gjør ham hisset salig i Dit Skjød, Du fængsler her hans Øie og hans Hjerte ved Din Gjernings Vidunderlighed.","translation":"Thousands of years have run their course since those days, yet you need no late-coming lover to wrest your memory from the grip of oblivion; for every tongue remembers you — and yet you reward your lover more gloriously than any: you make him blessed over yonder in your bosom, you hold captive here his eye and his heart by the wonder of your deed.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Tungemaal","title":"«Tungemaal» — tongue / language","body":"«Tungemaal» = 'tongue, language' (literally 'tongue-speech') — 'every tongue remembers you'. «sildig» = 'late, belated'; «Glemsels Vold» = 'the grip/dominion of oblivion' («Glemsel» = forgetting). «Skjød» (modern «skød») = 'bosom, lap', keeping «skj-»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Aartusinder","lemma":"årtusind","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural","role":"subject of ere","gloss":"Thousands of years"},{"surface":"ere","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of henrundne","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"henrundne","lemma":"henrinde","morphology":"verb, past, participle, plural","role":"main verb (participle) of the sentence, governed by ere","gloss":"run their course"},{"surface":"siden","lemma":"siden","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dage","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"hine","lemma":"hin","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of Dage","gloss":"those"},{"surface":"Dage","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of siden","gloss":"days"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of behøver","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"behøver","lemma":"behøve","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the men-clause","gloss":"need"},{"surface":"ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Elsker","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"sildig","lemma":"sildig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Elsker","gloss":"late-coming"},{"surface":"Elsker","lemma":"elsker","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of behøver","gloss":"lover"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of udrive","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"modal auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of udrive","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"udrive","lemma":"udrive","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"relative clause on Elsker","gloss":"wrest"},{"surface":"Dit","lemma":"din","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Minde","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"Minde","lemma":"minde","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of udrive","gloss":"memory"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Vold","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"Glemsels","lemma":"glemsel","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Vold","gloss":"oblivion's"},{"surface":"Vold","lemma":"vold","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of af","gloss":"grip"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"coordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of minder","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"ethvert","lemma":"ethvert","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Tungemaal","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"Tungemaal","lemma":"tungemål","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of minder","gloss":"tongue"},{"surface":"minder","lemma":"minde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the thi-clause","gloss":"remembers"},{"surface":"Dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of minder","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lønner","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"lønner","lemma":"lønne","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of a new clause, coordinated with minder","gloss":"rewards"},{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lønner","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"Din","lemma":"din","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Elsker","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"Elsker","lemma":"elsker","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of lønner","gloss":"lover"},{"surface":"herligere","lemma":"herlig","morphology":"adverb, comparative","role":"modifies lønner","gloss":"more gloriously"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of Nogen","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"Nogen","lemma":"nogen","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of herligere","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjør","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"gjør","lemma":"gøre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of a new clause (Du gjør ham hisset salig)","gloss":"make"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of gjør","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"hisset","lemma":"hisset","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gjør","gloss":"yonder","note":"hisset is the same archaic adverb meaning 'over there/yonder,' referring to the life beyond."},{"surface":"salig","lemma":"salig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate adjective, complement of gjør (describes ham)","gloss":"blessed"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Skjød","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Dit","lemma":"din","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Skjød","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"Skjød","lemma":"skød","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of i","gloss":"bosom"},{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fængsler","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"fængsler","lemma":"fængsle","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of a new clause","gloss":"hold captive"},{"surface":"her","lemma":"her","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fængsler","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Øie","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Øie","lemma":"øje","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of fængsler","gloss":"eye"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Hjerte","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Hjerte","lemma":"hjerte","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with Øie, direct object of fængsler","gloss":"heart"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Vidunderlighed","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"Din","lemma":"din","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Gjernings","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"Gjernings","lemma":"gerning","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Vidunderlighed","gloss":"deed's"},{"surface":"Vidunderlighed","lemma":"vidunderlighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ved, head of the phrase (modified by Din Gjernings)","gloss":"wonder"}]},{"number":130,"label":"130","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s130","source":"Ærværdige Fader Abraham!","translation":"Venerable Father Abraham!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ærværdige","lemma":"ærværdig","morphology":"adjective, weak/definite declension","role":"modifies Fader","gloss":"Venerable"},{"surface":"Fader","lemma":"fader","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Father"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"in apposition with Fader (Fader Abraham = 'Father Abraham')","gloss":"Abraham"}]},{"number":131,"label":"131","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s131","source":"Slægtens anden Fader!","translation":"Second father of the race!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Slægtens","lemma":"slægt","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Fader","gloss":"the race's"},{"surface":"anden","lemma":"anden","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Fader","gloss":"second"},{"surface":"Fader","lemma":"fader","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase (modified by Slægtens and anden)","gloss":"father"}]},{"number":132,"label":"132","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s132","source":"Du, der først fornam og vidnede om hiin uhyre Lidenskab, der forsmaaer den forfærdelige Kamp med Elementers Rasen og Skabningens Kræfter for at stride med Gud, Du, der først kjendte hiin højeste Lidenskab, det hellige, rene, ydmyge Udtryk for det guddommelige Vanvid, der blev beundret af Hedninger — tilgiv den, der vilde tale til Din Priis, om han ikke gjorde det retteligen.","translation":"You, who first perceived and bore witness to that immense passion which scorns the terrible struggle with the raging of the elements and the powers of creation in order to strive with God — you, who first knew that highest passion, the holy, pure, humble expression of the divine madness that was admired by the heathen — forgive the one who would speak to your praise, if he did not do it rightly.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Lidenskab","title":"«Lidenskab» — passion","body":"«Lidenskab» = 'passion' — for Kierkegaard the engine of faith, here «hiin højeste Lidenskab» ('that highest passion'). «hiin» is archaic 'that (yonder)'. «det guddommelige Vanvid» = 'the divine madness', faith as a holy folly «beundret af Hedninger» ('admired by the heathen')."}],"words":[{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase (vocative)","gloss":"You"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of fornam","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"først","lemma":"først","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fornam","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"fornam","lemma":"fornemme","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Du","gloss":"perceived"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vidnede","lemma":"vidne","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with fornam","gloss":"bore witness"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hiin","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"hiin","lemma":"hiin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Lidenskab","gloss":"that","note":"Archaic demonstrative (\"hiin/hin\"), the older form of \"den/hin\" meaning \"that (yonder)\"."},{"surface":"uhyre","lemma":"uhyre","morphology":"adjective, definite form","role":"modifies Lidenskab","gloss":"immense"},{"surface":"Lidenskab","lemma":"Lidenskab","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of vidnede","gloss":"passion"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of forsmaaer","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"forsmaaer","lemma":"forsmaae","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Lidenskab","gloss":"scorns"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Kamp","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"forfærdelige","lemma":"forfærdelig","morphology":"adjective, definite form","role":"modifies Kamp","gloss":"terrible"},{"surface":"Kamp","lemma":"Kamp","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of forsmaaer","gloss":"struggle"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Rasen","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Elementers","lemma":"Element","morphology":"noun, genitive, neuter, plural","role":"possessor of Rasen","gloss":"elements'"},{"surface":"Rasen","lemma":"rase","morphology":"noun (nominalized infinitive, definite form), common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of med","gloss":"raging","note":"\"Rasen\" is the infinitive \"rase\" (to rage) turned into a noun with the definite suffix -en, like an English gerund \"the raging.\""},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Skabningens","lemma":"Skabning","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Kræfter","gloss":"creation's"},{"surface":"Kræfter","lemma":"Kraft","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with Rasen","gloss":"powers"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of stride","gloss":"in order"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"infinitive particle","role":"introduces the clause of stride","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"stride","lemma":"stride","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on forsmaaer","gloss":"strive"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Gud","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stride","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"vocative, resumes Du","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of kjendte","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"først","lemma":"først","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kjendte","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"kjendte","lemma":"kjende","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Du","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"hiin","lemma":"hiin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Lidenskab","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"højeste","lemma":"høj","morphology":"adjective, superlative, definite form","role":"modifies Lidenskab","gloss":"highest"},{"surface":"Lidenskab","lemma":"Lidenskab","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of kjendte","gloss":"passion"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Udtryk","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hellige","lemma":"hellig","morphology":"adjective, definite form","role":"modifies Udtryk","gloss":"holy"},{"surface":"rene","lemma":"ren","morphology":"adjective, definite form","role":"coordinated with hellige","gloss":"pure"},{"surface":"ydmyge","lemma":"ydmyg","morphology":"adjective, definite form","role":"coordinated with hellige","gloss":"humble"},{"surface":"Udtryk","lemma":"Udtryk","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"in apposition to Lidenskab","gloss":"expression"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Vanvid","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Vanvid","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"guddommelige","lemma":"guddommelig","morphology":"adjective, definite form","role":"modifies Vanvid","gloss":"divine"},{"surface":"Vanvid","lemma":"Vanvid","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of for","gloss":"madness"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of beundret","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"blive","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of beundret","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"beundret","lemma":"beundre","morphology":"verb, past, participle","role":"relative clause on Vanvid","gloss":"admired"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Hedninger","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"Hedninger","lemma":"Hedning","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of beundret","gloss":"heathens"},{"surface":"tilgiv","lemma":"tilgive","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"forgive"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tilgiv","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of vilde","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"vilde","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tale","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"tale","lemma":"tale","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of vilde","gloss":"speak"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Priis","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Din","lemma":"din","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Priis","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"Priis","lemma":"Priis","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of til","gloss":"praise"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gjorde","gloss":"if","note":"Here \"om\" means \"if\" (conditional), not its usual sense \"about.\""},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjorde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gjorde","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"gjorde","lemma":"gøre","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on tilgiv","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gjorde","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"retteligen","lemma":"rettelig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gjorde","gloss":"rightly"}]},{"number":133,"label":"133","id":"lovtale-over-abraham-s133","source":"Han talede ydmygt, som det var hans Hjertes Begjæring, han talede kort, som det sømmer sig, men han skal aldrig glemme, at Du behøvede 100 Aar for at faae en Alderdoms Søn mod Forventning, at Du maatte drage Kniven, før Du beholdt Isaak, han skal aldrig glemme, at Du i 130 Aar ikke kom videre end til Troen.","translation":"He spoke humbly, as was his heart's desire, he spoke briefly, as is fitting, but he shall never forget that you needed 100 years to receive, against expectation, a son of your old age, that you had to draw the knife before you kept Isaac, he shall never forget that in 130 years you got no further than to faith.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Troen","title":"«Troen» — the faith","body":"The eulogy closes on «Troen» ('the faith', definite form of «Tro») — the book's whole subject and its hardest task: Abraham «kom ikke videre end til Troen» ('got no further than to faith'). «maatte» (modern «måtte») = 'had to'; «faae» = the period spelling of «få» (receive/get)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of talede","gloss":"He"},{"surface":"talede","lemma":"tale","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"spoke"},{"surface":"ydmygt","lemma":"ydmyg","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies talede","gloss":"humbly"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of var","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Begjæring","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Hjertes","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Hjertes","lemma":"Hjerte","morphology":"noun, genitive, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of Begjæring","gloss":"heart's"},{"surface":"Begjæring","lemma":"Begjæring","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate of var","gloss":"desire"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of talede","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"talede","lemma":"tale","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with talede","gloss":"spoke"},{"surface":"kort","lemma":"kort","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies talede","gloss":"briefly"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sømmer","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of sømmer","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"sømmer","lemma":"sømme","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on kort","gloss":"is fitting","note":"\"sømme sig\" is a reflexive idiom meaning \"to be fitting/proper.\""},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of sømmer","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of glemme","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of glemme","gloss":"shall"},{"surface":"aldrig","lemma":"aldrig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies glemme","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"glemme","lemma":"glemme","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the clause","gloss":"forget"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of behøvede","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of behøvede","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"behøvede","lemma":"behøve","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"direct object of glemme","gloss":"needed"},{"surface":"Aar","lemma":"Aar","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of behøvede","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of faae","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"infinitive particle","role":"introduces the clause of faae","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"faae","lemma":"faae","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on behøvede","gloss":"receive"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Søn","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Alderdoms","lemma":"Alderdom","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Søn","gloss":"old age's"},{"surface":"Søn","lemma":"Søn","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of faae","gloss":"son"},{"surface":"mod","lemma":"mod","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Forventning","gloss":"against"},{"surface":"Forventning","lemma":"Forventning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of mod","gloss":"expectation"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of drage","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of drage","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"maatte","lemma":"maatte","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of drage","gloss":"had to"},{"surface":"drage","lemma":"drage","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of maatte","gloss":"draw"},{"surface":"Kniven","lemma":"Kniv","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"direct object of drage","gloss":"the knife"},{"surface":"før","lemma":"før","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of beholdt","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of beholdt","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"beholdt","lemma":"beholde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on drage","gloss":"kept"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of beholdt","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of glemme","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of glemme","gloss":"shall"},{"surface":"aldrig","lemma":"aldrig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies glemme","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"glemme","lemma":"glemme","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the clause","gloss":"forget"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kom","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Aar","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Aar","lemma":"Aar","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of i","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komme","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"direct object of glemme","gloss":"got"},{"surface":"videre","lemma":"videre","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"further"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"comparative particle","role":"comparative particle after videre","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Troen","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Troen","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"oblique complement of til","gloss":"faith"}]}]}