{"work":{"slug":"kierkegaard","title":{"source":"Frygt og Bæven","translated":"Fear and Trembling"},"author":"Søren Kierkegaard","language":"Danish","languageCode":"da","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/kierkegaard"},"unit":{"kind":"chapter","number":null,"id":"problema-ii","title":{"source":"Problema II","translated":"Problema II"},"section":"Problemata","summary":null,"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/kierkegaard/problema-ii","lines":180},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/books/kierkegaard/problema-i","next":"https://1732studios.com/books/kierkegaard/problema-iii","license":"Source text: public domain (Søren Kierkegaard, d. 1855; first published 1843, under the pseudonym Johannes de silentio). English translation: © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC — original draft, pending editorial review. NOTE: minimal seed excerpt; the 1843 Danish should be verified against Søren Kierkegaards Skrifter (SKS) before shipping, and full content is authored through the content pipeline.","audioBase":null,"lines":[{"number":1,"label":"1","id":"problema-ii-s1","source":"Gives der en absolut Pligt mod Gud?","translation":"Is there an absolute duty toward God?","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"absolut Pligt mod Gud","title":"«absolut Pligt mod Gud» — absolute duty toward God","body":"The title-question of Problema II. «Pligt» = duty; «absolut» here means unconditioned — a duty owed directly to God, not mediated through «det Almene» (the universal). The whole section tests whether such a duty can exist alongside an ethics that claims to be valid for everyone."}],"words":[{"surface":"Gives","lemma":"give","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is there"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive with Gives","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Pligt","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"absolut","lemma":"absolut","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Pligt","gloss":"absolute"},{"surface":"Pligt","lemma":"Pligt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Gives","gloss":"duty"},{"surface":"mod","lemma":"mod","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Gud","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Pligt","gloss":"God"}]},{"number":2,"label":"2","id":"problema-ii-s2","source":"Det Ethiske er det Almene, og som saadant igjen det Guddommelige.","translation":"The ethical is the universal, and as such, again, the divine.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"det Ethiske / det Almene","title":"«det Ethiske», «det Almene» — the ethical, the universal","body":"Kierkegaard's two key Hegelian terms: «det Ethiske» (the ethical) is identified with «det Almene» (the universal, what holds for everyone), and so in turn with «det Guddommelige» (the divine). Period orthography: «Ethiske» (modern «etiske»), «saadant» (modern «sådant»), «igjen» with «gj»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Ethiske","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Ethiske","lemma":"etisk","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"ethical"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Almene","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"almen","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"universal"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces saadant","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"saadant","lemma":"saadan","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"complement of som","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"igjen","lemma":"igjen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Guddommelige","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Guddommelige","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Guddommelige","lemma":"guddommelig","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with Almene","gloss":"divine"}]},{"number":3,"label":"3","id":"problema-ii-s3","source":"Man har derfor Ret i at sige, at enhver Pligt i Grunden er Pligt mod Gud; men kan man ikke sige mere, da siger man tillige, at jeg egentlig ingen Pligt har mod Gud.","translation":"One is therefore right in saying that every duty is at bottom a duty toward God; but if one can say no more than this, then one is saying at the same time that I really have no duty toward God at all.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of har","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is","note":"\"har Ret\" is a Danish idiom meaning \"is right\" (literally \"has right\")."},{"surface":"derfor","lemma":"derfor","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies har","gloss":"therefore"},{"surface":"Ret","lemma":"Ret","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"right"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of sige","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of sige","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"sige","lemma":"sige","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"object of i","gloss":"saying"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"enhver","lemma":"enhver","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Pligt","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"Pligt","lemma":"Pligt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"duty"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Grunden","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"Grunden","lemma":"Grunden","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"modifies er","gloss":"bottom"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Pligt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"Pligt","lemma":"Pligt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"a duty"},{"surface":"mod","lemma":"mod","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Gud","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Pligt","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of sige","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of sige","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sige","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"sige","lemma":"sige","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of kan","gloss":"say"},{"surface":"mere","lemma":"meget","morphology":"pronoun, comparative","role":"direct object of sige","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies siger","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"siger","lemma":"sige","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause","gloss":"is saying"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of siger","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"tillige","lemma":"tillige","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies siger","gloss":"at the same time"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of har","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of har","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"egentlig","lemma":"egentlig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies har","gloss":"really"},{"surface":"ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Pligt","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"Pligt","lemma":"Pligt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"duty"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"mod","lemma":"mod","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Gud","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Pligt","gloss":"God"}]},{"number":4,"label":"4","id":"problema-ii-s4","source":"Pligten bliver Pligt ved at henføres til Gud, men i Pligten selv træder jeg ikke i Forhold til Gud.","translation":"Duty becomes duty by being referred to God, but in the duty itself I do not enter into relation with God.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pligten","lemma":"Pligten","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bliver","gloss":"duty"},{"surface":"bliver","lemma":"blive","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Pligt","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"Pligt","lemma":"Pligt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of bliver","gloss":"duty"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of henføres","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of henføres","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"henføres","lemma":"henføre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"object of ved","gloss":"being referred"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Gud","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of henføres","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Pligten","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Pligten","lemma":"Pligten","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of træder","gloss":"duty"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies Pligten","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"træder","lemma":"træde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause","gloss":"enter"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of træder","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies træder","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Forhold","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"Forhold","lemma":"Forhold","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of træder","gloss":"relation"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Gud","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Forhold","gloss":"God"}]},{"number":5,"label":"5","id":"problema-ii-s5","source":"Det er saaledes Pligt at elske sin Næste.","translation":"Thus it is a duty to love one's neighbor.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Pligt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"thus"},{"surface":"Pligt","lemma":"Pligt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"a duty"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of elske","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"elske","lemma":"elske","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of Pligt","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Næste","gloss":"one's"},{"surface":"Næste","lemma":"Næste","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of elske","gloss":"neighbor"}]},{"number":6,"label":"6","id":"problema-ii-s6","source":"Det er Pligt derved, at det henføres til Gud, men i Pligten træder jeg ikke i Forhold til Gud, men til den Næste, jeg elsker.","translation":"It is a duty by being referred to God, but in the duty I do not enter into relation with God, but with the neighbor whom I love.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Pligt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"Pligt","lemma":"Pligt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"a duty"},{"surface":"derved","lemma":"derved","morphology":"adverb","role":"anticipates the at-clause","gloss":"by this"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of henføres","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of henføres","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"henføres","lemma":"henføre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"clausal complement of derved","gloss":"is referred"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Gud","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of henføres","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Pligten","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Pligten","lemma":"Pligten","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of træder","gloss":"duty"},{"surface":"træder","lemma":"træde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause","gloss":"enter"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of træder","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies træder","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Forhold","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"Forhold","lemma":"Forhold","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of træder","gloss":"relation"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Gud","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Forhold","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Næste","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Næste","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Næste","lemma":"Næste","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of træder","gloss":"neighbor"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of elsker","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"elsker","lemma":"elske","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Næste","gloss":"love"}]},{"number":7,"label":"7","id":"problema-ii-s7","source":"Siger jeg da i denne Forbindelse, at det er min Pligt at elske Gud, da siger jeg egentlig kun en Tautologi, forsaavidt ,Gud\" her tages i en aldeles abstrakt Forstand som det Guddommelige 9: det Almene 3: Pligten.","translation":"If I then say, in this connection, that it is my duty to love God, I am really only uttering a tautology, insofar as \"God\" is here taken in a wholly abstract sense as the divine, i.e. the universal, i.e. duty.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"9: ... 3:","title":"«9:» and «3:» — the old Danish abbreviation for 'that is'","body":"In the old printed edition these strange marks «9:» and «3:» are the typographer's sign for 'scilicet / det vil sige' (that is, namely) — a colon-like glyph the OCR has read as the digits 9 and 3. Read them as 'i.e.' Note also «,Gud\"» — the opening quotation mark sits low on the line (a comma-shaped «,»), the period convention for an opening quote."}],"words":[{"surface":"Siger","lemma":"sige","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"say","note":"Danish can open a conditional clause by inverting verb and subject instead of using \"hvis\": \"Siger jeg\" = \"If I say\"."},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Siger","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Siger","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Forbindelse","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"denne","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Forbindelse","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Forbindelse","lemma":"Forbindelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of Siger","gloss":"connection"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Pligt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"min","lemma":"min","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Pligt","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"Pligt","lemma":"Pligt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"duty"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of elske","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"elske","lemma":"elske","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of Pligt","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of elske","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies siger","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"siger","lemma":"sige","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"utter"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of siger","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"egentlig","lemma":"egentlig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies siger","gloss":"really"},{"surface":"kun","lemma":"kun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies siger","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Tautologi","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Tautologi","lemma":"Tautologi","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of siger","gloss":"tautology"},{"surface":"forsaavidt","lemma":"forsåvidt","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tages","gloss":"insofar as"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tages","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"her","lemma":"her","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tages","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"tages","lemma":"tage","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the clause","gloss":"is taken"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Forstand","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Forstand","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"aldeles","lemma":"aldeles","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies abstrakt","gloss":"wholly"},{"surface":"abstrakt","lemma":"abstrakt","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Forstand","gloss":"abstract"},{"surface":"Forstand","lemma":"Forstand","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of tages","gloss":"sense"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Guddommelige","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Guddommelige","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Guddommelige","lemma":"guddommelig","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of tages","gloss":"divine"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"almen","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"in apposition to Guddommelige","gloss":"universal"},{"surface":"Pligten","lemma":"Pligten","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"in apposition to Guddommelige","gloss":"duty"}]},{"number":8,"label":"8","id":"problema-ii-s8","source":"Menneskeslægtens hele Tilværelse afrunder sig da fuldkommen kugleformet i sig selv, og det Ethiske er paa eengang det Begrændsende og det Udfyldende.","translation":"The whole existence of the human race then rounds itself off perfectly, sphere-like, in itself, and the ethical is at once that which sets the limit and that which fills it out.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"paa eengang","title":"Period orthography: «paa», «eengang», «Begrændsende»","body":"1843 spellings: «paa» (modern «på»), «eengang» (modern «engang», with the doubled vowel marking the old form), «Begrændsende» (modern «begrænsende»). The image is Hegelian closure — humanity's existence is a self-enclosed sphere, with nothing outside it, so the ethical is both boundary and content."}],"words":[{"surface":"Menneskeslægtens","lemma":"Menneskeslægten","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Tilværelse","gloss":"human race's"},{"surface":"hele","lemma":"hel","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Tilværelse","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"Tilværelse","lemma":"Tilværelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of afrunder","gloss":"existence"},{"surface":"afrunder","lemma":"afrunde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"rounds off"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of afrunder","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies afrunder","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"fuldkommen","lemma":"fuldkommen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kugleformet","gloss":"perfectly"},{"surface":"kugleformet","lemma":"kugleformet","morphology":"adjective","role":"object complement of afrunder","gloss":"sphere-like"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sig","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"object of i","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies sig","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Ethiske","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Ethiske","lemma":"etisk","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"ethical"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Begrændsende","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies er","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"eengang","lemma":"eengang","morphology":"adverb","role":"complement of paa","gloss":"once"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Begrændsende","gloss":"that which"},{"surface":"Begrændsende","lemma":"begrændsende","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"sets the limit"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Udfyldende","gloss":"that which"},{"surface":"Udfyldende","lemma":"udfyldende","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with Begrændsende","gloss":"fills it out"}]},{"number":9,"label":"9","id":"problema-ii-s9","source":"Gud bliver et usynligt, forsvindende Punkt, en afmægtig Tanke, hans Magt er kun i det Ethiske, der udfylder Tilværelsen.","translation":"God becomes an invisible, vanishing point, a powerless thought; His power lies only in the ethical, which fills out existence.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bliver","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"bliver","lemma":"blive","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Punkt","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Punkt","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"usynligt","lemma":"usynlig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"modifies Punkt","gloss":"invisible"},{"surface":"forsvindende","lemma":"forsvinde","morphology":"verb, present, participle","role":"modifies Punkt","gloss":"vanishing"},{"surface":"Punkt","lemma":"Punkt","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of bliver","gloss":"point"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Tanke","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"afmægtig","lemma":"afmægtig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Tanke","gloss":"powerless"},{"surface":"Tanke","lemma":"tanke","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"in apposition to Punkt","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Magt","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Magt","lemma":"magt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"power"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the second clause","gloss":"lies"},{"surface":"kun","lemma":"kun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Ethiske","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Ethiske","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Ethiske","lemma":"ethisk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"oblique complement of er","gloss":"ethical"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of udfylder","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"udfylder","lemma":"udfylde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Ethiske","gloss":"fills out"},{"surface":"Tilværelsen","lemma":"Tilværelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of udfylder","gloss":"existence"}]},{"number":10,"label":"10","id":"problema-ii-s10","source":".Forsaavidt da Een skulde vilde falde paa at ville elske Gud i nogen anden end den her angivne Betydning, da er han overspændt, han elsker et Phantom, der, hvis det blot havde saa megen Kraft, at det kunde tale, vilde sige til ham: jeg forlanger ikke din Kjærlighed, bliv kun hvor Du hører hjemme.","translation":"So far, then, as anyone should take it into his head to want to love God in any other than the sense here indicated, he is overwrought; he loves a phantom which, if only it had power enough to speak, would say to him: I do not demand your love; just stay where you belong.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"overspændt / Phantom","title":"«overspændt» — overwrought; «Phantom» — phantom","body":"«overspændt» = overstrained, overwrought, fanatical. The leading «.» before «Forsaavidt» is a stray opening quotation-mark artifact from the old edition. «Kjærlighed» keeps the period «Kj» (modern «kærlighed»), and «Du» is capitalized as the intimate singular 'thou' — the formal second-person pronoun in Danish is «De/Dem/Deres», not «Du»."}],"words":[{"surface":".Forsaavidt","lemma":"forsaavidt","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of falde","gloss":"so far as"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of falde","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"Een","lemma":"een","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of skulde","gloss":"anyone"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"modal verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of falde","gloss":"should"},{"surface":"vilde","lemma":"ville","morphology":"modal verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with skulde","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"falde","lemma":"falde","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of skulde","gloss":"hit upon"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the idiom falde paa","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of elske","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ville","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of elske","gloss":"want to"},{"surface":"elske","lemma":"elske","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the forsaavidt-clause","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of elske","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nogen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"nogen","lemma":"nogen","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Betydning","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"anden","lemma":"anden","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Betydning","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the comparison with Betydning","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Betydning","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"her","lemma":"her","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies angivne","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"angivne","lemma":"angivne","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Betydning","gloss":"indicated"},{"surface":"Betydning","lemma":"betydning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of elske","gloss":"sense"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"overspændt","lemma":"overspænde","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"overwrought"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of elsker","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"elsker","lemma":"elske","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with er","gloss":"loves"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Phantom","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Phantom","lemma":"Phantom","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of elsker","gloss":"phantom"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of sige","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"hvis","lemma":"hvis","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of havde","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of havde","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"blot","lemma":"blot","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies havde","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the conditional clause","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Kraft","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"megen","lemma":"meget","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Kraft","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"Kraft","lemma":"Kraft","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of havde","gloss":"power"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tale","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of tale","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"modal verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tale","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"tale","lemma":"tale","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of kunde","gloss":"speak"},{"surface":"vilde","lemma":"ville","morphology":"modal verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of sige","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"sige","lemma":"sige","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of vilde","gloss":"say"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ham","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sige","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of forlanger","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"forlanger","lemma":"forlange","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the quoted clause","gloss":"demand"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forlanger","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"din","lemma":"din","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Kjærlighed","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"Kjærlighed","lemma":"Kjærlighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of forlanger","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"bliv","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"main verb of the imperative clause","gloss":"stay"},{"surface":"kun","lemma":"kun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bliv","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"hvor","lemma":"hvor","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hører","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"Du","lemma":"Du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hører","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"hører","lemma":"høre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on bliv","gloss":"belong","note":"Idiom 'høre hjemme' = 'to belong' (lit. 'to hear home')."},{"surface":"hjemme","lemma":"hjemme","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on hører","gloss":"home"}]},{"number":11,"label":"11","id":"problema-ii-s11","source":"Forsaavidt Een skulde falde paa at ville elske Gud anderledes, da bliver denne Kjærlighed mistænkelig ligesom den Kjærlighed, hvilken Rousseau omtaler, hvormed et Menneske elsker Kafferne istedenfor at elske sin Næste.","translation":"So far as anyone should take it into his head to want to love God otherwise, this love becomes suspect, like the love Rousseau speaks of, by which a man loves the Kaffirs instead of loving his neighbor.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Forsaavidt","lemma":"forsaavidt","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of falde","gloss":"so far as"},{"surface":"Een","lemma":"een","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of skulde","gloss":"anyone"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"modal verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of falde","gloss":"should"},{"surface":"falde","lemma":"falde","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the forsaavidt-clause","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the idiom falde paa","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of elske","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ville","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of elske","gloss":"want to"},{"surface":"elske","lemma":"elske","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of falde","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of elske","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"anderledes","lemma":"anderledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies elske","gloss":"otherwise"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bliver","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"bliver","lemma":"blive","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to mistænkelig","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"denne","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Kjærlighed","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Kjærlighed","lemma":"Kjærlighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bliver","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"mistænkelig","lemma":"mistænkelig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of bliver","gloss":"suspect"},{"surface":"ligesom","lemma":"ligesom","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"modifies mistænkelig","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Kjærlighed","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Kjærlighed","lemma":"Kjærlighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"complement of ligesom","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"hvilken","lemma":"hvilken","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of omtaler","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"Rousseau","lemma":"Rousseau","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of omtaler","gloss":"Rousseau"},{"surface":"omtaler","lemma":"omtale","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Kjærlighed","gloss":"speaks of"},{"surface":"hvormed","lemma":"hvormed","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies elsker","gloss":"by which"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Menneske","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Menneske","lemma":"Menneske","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of elsker","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"elsker","lemma":"elske","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Kjærlighed","gloss":"loves"},{"surface":"Kafferne","lemma":"Kafferne","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of elsker","gloss":"the Kaffirs","note":"Archaic 19th-century ethnonym (via Rousseau) for southern African peoples; today considered a slur."},{"surface":"istedenfor","lemma":"istedenfor","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of elske","gloss":"instead of"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of elske","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"elske","lemma":"elske","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of istedenfor","gloss":"loving"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Næste","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Næste","lemma":"næste","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of elske","gloss":"neighbor"}]},{"number":12,"label":"12","id":"problema-ii-s12","source":"Dersom nu det her Udviklede forholder sig rigtigt, dersom der intet Incommensurabelt er i et Menneskeliv, men det Incommensurable der er, kun er det ved et Tilfælde, af hvilket Intet følger, forsaavidt Tilværelsen betragtes under Ideen, saa har Hegel Ret; men hvad han ikke har Ret i er, at tale om Troen eller at tillade, at Abraham ansees for dens Fader; thi ved det Andet har han afsagt Dommen baade over Abraham og over Troen.","translation":"If now what has here been developed is correct, if there is nothing incommensurable in a human life, and what incommensurability there is exists only by accident, from which nothing follows so far as existence is regarded under the Idea, then Hegel is right; but what he is not right in is to speak of faith, or to allow Abraham to be regarded as its father; for by the latter he has passed judgment both upon Abraham and upon faith.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Incommensurabelt / Troen","title":"«Incommensurabelt» — incommensurable; «Troen» — faith","body":"«Incommensurabel» = incommensurable, that which has no common measure with the universal — Kierkegaard's term for the dimension faith adds to a life. The sentence concedes the Hegelian system 'if' there is no such incommensurable, then turns it against Hegel: he cannot both run that system and honor «Troen» (faith) and Abraham as its father. «thi» = for, because; «Dersom … dersom» again stacks the conditions."}],"words":[{"surface":"Dersom","lemma":"Dersom","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of forholder","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forholder","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of forholder","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"her","lemma":"her","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Udviklede","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"Udviklede","lemma":"udvikle","morphology":"verb, past, participle, neuter, singular","role":"modifies det","gloss":"developed"},{"surface":"forholder","lemma":"forholde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the dersom-clause","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of forholder","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"rigtigt","lemma":"rigtig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forholder","gloss":"correct"},{"surface":"dersom","lemma":"dersom","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive with er","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"intet","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Incommensurabelt","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"Incommensurabelt","lemma":"incommensurabel","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"incommensurable"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the dersom-clause","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Menneskeliv","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Menneskeliv","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Menneskeliv","lemma":"Menneskeliv","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of er","gloss":"human life"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Incommensurable","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"Incommensurable","lemma":"incommensurabel","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"incommensurable"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of er","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Incommensurable","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"kun","lemma":"kun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the men-clause","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it","note":"Danish resumes a fronted topic with 'det' before the verb: 'det Incommensurable ... kun er det' = 'what incommensurability there is, is only...'"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Tilfælde","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Tilfælde","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"Tilfælde","lemma":"Tilfælde","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of er","gloss":"accident"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of følger","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"hvilket","lemma":"hvilken","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"object of af","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"Intet","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of følger","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"følger","lemma":"følge","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Tilfælde","gloss":"follows"},{"surface":"forsaavidt","lemma":"forsaavidt","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of betragtes","gloss":"so far as"},{"surface":"Tilværelsen","lemma":"Tilværelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of betragtes","gloss":"existence"},{"surface":"betragtes","lemma":"betragte","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the forsaavidt-clause","gloss":"is regarded"},{"surface":"under","lemma":"under","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Ideen","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"Ideen","lemma":"Ide","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of betragtes","gloss":"the Idea"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies har","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"Hegel","lemma":"Hegel","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of har","gloss":"Hegel"},{"surface":"Ret","lemma":"Ret","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"right","note":"Idiom 'have Ret' = 'to be right' (lit. 'to have right')."},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"object of i","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of har","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies har","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the hvad-clause","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"Ret","lemma":"Ret","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"right"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hvad","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking hvad-clause to tale","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of tale","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"tale","lemma":"tale","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"speak"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Troen","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Troen","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of tale","gloss":"faith"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of tillade","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"tillade","lemma":"tillade","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with tale","gloss":"allow"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ansees","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of ansees","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"ansees","lemma":"ansee","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"complement of tillade","gloss":"be regarded"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Fader","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"dens","lemma":"dens","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Fader","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"Fader","lemma":"Fader","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ansees","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of har","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking det","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Andet","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Andet","lemma":"anden","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of ved","gloss":"latter"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of afsagt","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of har","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"afsagt","lemma":"afsige","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"past participle of har","gloss":"passed"},{"surface":"Dommen","lemma":"Dom","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"direct object of afsagt","gloss":"the judgment"},{"surface":"baade","lemma":"baade","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"both"},{"surface":"over","lemma":"over","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Abraham","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"object of over","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"over","lemma":"over","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Troen","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"Troen","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Abraham","gloss":"faith"}]},{"number":13,"label":"13","id":"problema-ii-s13","source":"I den hegelske Philosophi er das Åussere (die Entåusserung) højere end das Innere.","translation":"In Hegelian philosophy the outer (the externalization) is higher than the inner.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"das Åussere (die Entåusserung) ... das Innere","title":"German: «das Äussere», «die Entäusserung», «das Innere»","body":"Kierkegaard quotes Hegel in German. «das Äussere» = the outer/external; «die Entäusserung» = externalization (Hegel's term for spirit going out into the world); «das Innere» = the inner. The «Å» is an OCR misreading of the German «Ä» (Äussere, Entäusserung). His claim: Hegel ranks the outer above the inner — which faith will reverse."}],"words":[{"surface":"I","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Philosophi","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Philosophi","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"hegelske","lemma":"hegelsk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Philosophi","gloss":"Hegelian"},{"surface":"Philosophi","lemma":"Philosophi","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of er","gloss":"philosophy"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"das","lemma":"das","morphology":"determiner, German","role":"determiner of Åussere","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Åussere","lemma":"Åussere","morphology":"noun, German, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"outer","note":"Kierkegaard quotes Hegel's German directly: 'das Åussere' = German 'das Äußere' (the outer)."},{"surface":"die","lemma":"die","morphology":"determiner, German","role":"determiner of Entåusserung","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Entåusserung","lemma":"Entåusserung","morphology":"noun, German, feminine, singular","role":"in apposition to Åussere","gloss":"externalization"},{"surface":"højere","lemma":"høj","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"higher"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the comparison with Innere","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"das","lemma":"das","morphology":"determiner, German","role":"determiner of Innere","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Innere","lemma":"Innere","morphology":"noun, German, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of end","gloss":"inner"}]},{"number":14,"label":"14","id":"problema-ii-s14","source":"Dette oplyses oftere ved et Exempel.","translation":"This is often illustrated by an example.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of oplyses","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"oplyses","lemma":"oplyse","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is illustrated"},{"surface":"oftere","lemma":"ofte","morphology":"adverb, comparative","role":"modifies oplyses","gloss":"often"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Exempel","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Exempel","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"Exempel","lemma":"Exempel","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of oplyses","gloss":"example"}]},{"number":15,"label":"15","id":"problema-ii-s15","source":"Barnet er das Innere, Manden das Åussere; deraf kommer det, at Barnet netop er bestemmet ved det Ydre, og omvendt Manden som das Åussere netop er bestemt ved das Innere.","translation":"The child is the inner, the man the outer; from this it comes that the child is determined precisely by the outer, and conversely the man, as the outer, is determined precisely by the inner.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"det Ydre / Inderlighed","title":"«det Ydre» — the outer; «das Innere» — the inner","body":"Kierkegaard slides between the Danish «det Ydre» (the outer, outwardness) and the quoted German «das Innere / das Åussere». The child shows itself in its outward behavior; the mature man is governed by an inwardness, «Inderlighed», not yet visible. This sets up faith's reversal: a hidden inwardness higher than any outward expression."}],"words":[{"surface":"Barnet","lemma":"barn","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"subject of er","gloss":"the child"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"das","lemma":"das","morphology":"determiner, German","role":"determiner of Innere","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Innere","lemma":"Innere","morphology":"noun, German, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"inner"},{"surface":"Manden","lemma":"mand","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"subject of er (elided)","gloss":"the man"},{"surface":"das","lemma":"das","morphology":"determiner, German","role":"determiner of Åussere","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Åussere","lemma":"Åussere","morphology":"noun, German, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of elided er","gloss":"outer"},{"surface":"deraf","lemma":"deraf","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kommer","gloss":"from this"},{"surface":"kommer","lemma":"komme","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"comes"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of kommer","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of bestemmet","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Barnet","lemma":"barn","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"subject of bestemmet","gloss":"the child"},{"surface":"netop","lemma":"netop","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bestemmet","gloss":"precisely"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to bestemmet","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"bestemmet","lemma":"bestemme","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"determined"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Ydre","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Ydre","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Ydre","lemma":"Ydre","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of bestemmet","gloss":"outer"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"omvendt","lemma":"omvendt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bestemt","gloss":"conversely"},{"surface":"Manden","lemma":"mand","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"subject of bestemt","gloss":"the man"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the appositive das Åussere on Manden","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"das","lemma":"das","morphology":"determiner, German","role":"determiner of Åussere","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Åussere","lemma":"Åussere","morphology":"noun, German, neuter, singular","role":"in apposition to Manden","gloss":"outer"},{"surface":"netop","lemma":"netop","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bestemt","gloss":"precisely"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to bestemt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"bestemt","lemma":"bestemme","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"determined"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Innere","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"das","lemma":"das","morphology":"determiner, German","role":"determiner of Innere","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Innere","lemma":"Innere","morphology":"noun, German, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of bestemt","gloss":"inner"}]},{"number":16,"label":"16","id":"problema-ii-s16","source":"Troen derimod er dette Paradox, at Inderligheden er højere end Yderligheden, eller for atter at erindre om et Udtryk i det Foregaaende, at det ulige Tal er højere end det lige.","translation":"Faith, by contrast, is this paradox: that inwardness is higher than outwardness — or, to recall once more an expression used earlier, that the odd number is higher than the even.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Paradox / Inderlighed","title":"«Paradox» — the paradox; «Inderlighed» — inwardness","body":"«Paradoxet» is faith's signature in this book: a structure that cannot be resolved into the universal. Here the paradox is that «Inderlighed» (inwardness) outranks «Yderlighed» (outwardness) — the exact inversion of the Hegelian ranking of s13. The 'odd number higher than the even' echoes an image from earlier in the book. Period spelling «Foregaaende» (modern «foregående»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Troen","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"subject of er","gloss":"faith"},{"surface":"derimod","lemma":"derimod","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"by contrast"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Paradox","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Paradox","lemma":"Paradox","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"paradox"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of højere","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Inderligheden","lemma":"Inderlighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"subject of er","gloss":"inwardness"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to højere","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"højere","lemma":"høj","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"higher"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the comparison with Yderligheden","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"Yderligheden","lemma":"Yderlighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"oblique complement of højere","gloss":"outwardness"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the purpose clause of erindre","gloss":"in order"},{"surface":"atter","lemma":"atter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies erindre","gloss":"once more"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of erindre","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"erindre","lemma":"erindre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of for","gloss":"recall"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Udtryk","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Udtryk","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"Udtryk","lemma":"Udtryk","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of erindre","gloss":"expression"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Foregaaende","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Foregaaende","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Foregaaende","lemma":"foregaa","morphology":"verb, present, participle","role":"modifies Udtryk","gloss":"earlier"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of højere","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of ulige","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ulige","lemma":"ulig","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Tal","gloss":"odd"},{"surface":"Tal","lemma":"Tal","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"number"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to højere","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"højere","lemma":"høj","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"higher"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the comparison with lige","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of lige","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"lige","lemma":"lige","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of end","gloss":"even"}]},{"number":17,"label":"17","id":"problema-ii-s17","source":"\"For den ethiske Betragtning af Livet er det da den Enkeltes Opgave, at afføre sig selv Inderlighedens Bestemmelse og udtrykke denne i et Ydre.","translation":"\"For the ethical view of life, then, it is the single individual's task to strip himself of the determinations of inwardness and to express these in an outwardness.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"den Enkelte","title":"«den Enkelte» — the single individual","body":"«den Enkelte» = the single individual, the lone particular person — Kierkegaard's signature category, set against «det Almene» (the universal). Ethically, the individual's task is to give up his private inwardness and express it outwardly, in deeds valid for all. The opening «\"» begins a long quoted passage that runs through the next sentences."}],"words":[{"surface":"For","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Betragtning","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Betragtning","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ethiske","lemma":"ethisk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Betragtning","gloss":"ethical"},{"surface":"Betragtning","lemma":"Betragtning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of For","gloss":"view"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Livet","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Livet","lemma":"liv","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"modifies Betragtning","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Opgave","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkeltes","lemma":"Enkelte","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Opgave","gloss":"individual's"},{"surface":"Opgave","lemma":"Opgave","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"task"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of afføre","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"afføre","lemma":"afføre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the at-clause, extraposed subject of er","gloss":"strip","note":"'afføre sig noget' = 'to divest/strip oneself of something.'"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"indirect object of afføre","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies sig","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"Inderlighedens","lemma":"Inderlighed","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Bestemmelse","gloss":"inwardness's"},{"surface":"Bestemmelse","lemma":"bestemmelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of afføre","gloss":"determination"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"udtrykke","lemma":"udtrykke","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with afføre","gloss":"express"},{"surface":"denne","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of udtrykke","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Ydre","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Ydre","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"Ydre","lemma":"Ydre","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of udtrykke","gloss":"outwardness"}]},{"number":18,"label":"18","id":"problema-ii-s18","source":"Hver Gang den Enkelte krymper sig derved, hver Gang han vil holde sig tilbage i eller smutte ned igjen i Inderlighedens Béstemmelse af Følelse, Stemning o.s.v., da forsynder han sig,-da ligger han i en Anfægtelse.","translation":"Every time the single individual shrinks from this, every time he would hold himself back in, or slip down again into, the inwardness of feeling, mood, and so on, he sins — then he lies in a spiritual trial.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Anfægtelse","title":"«Anfægtelse» — spiritual trial / temptation","body":"«Anfægtelse» (German Anfechtung) is a key Kierkegaardian term: a spiritual assault or trial, the temptation in which the higher and the lower can be confused. «o.s.v.» = «og saa videre» (and so on, etc.). Note «forsynder han sig» (he sins), and the period spelling «igjen» / «Béstemmelse» (the accent on «Béstemmelse» is a printer's slip for «Bestemmelse»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hver","lemma":"hver","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Gang","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"Gang","lemma":"Gang","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial, introduces the clause of krymper","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"enkelt","morphology":"adjective, definite, singular","role":"subject of krymper","gloss":"single individual"},{"surface":"krymper","lemma":"krympe","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"shrinks"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of krymper","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"derved","lemma":"derved","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies krymper","gloss":"from this"},{"surface":"hver","lemma":"hver","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Gang","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"Gang","lemma":"Gang","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial, introduces the clause of holde","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of holde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"vil","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of holde","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"holde","lemma":"holde","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of vil","gloss":"hold"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of holde","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"tilbage","lemma":"tilbage","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on holde","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Inderlighedens (shared complement, see w20)","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"smutte","lemma":"smutte","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with holde","gloss":"slip"},{"surface":"ned","lemma":"ned","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on smutte","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"igjen","lemma":"igjen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies smutte","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Inderlighedens","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"Inderlighedens","lemma":"Inderlighed","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Béstemmelse","gloss":"of inwardness"},{"surface":"Béstemmelse","lemma":"Bestemmelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of holde/smutte (shared object of i)","gloss":"determination","note":"OCR shows an accent ('Béstemmelse'); the actual word is 'Bestemmelse' (determination/qualification)."},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Følelse","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Følelse","lemma":"Følelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of Béstemmelse","gloss":"feeling"},{"surface":"Stemning","lemma":"Stemning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Følelse","gloss":"mood"},{"surface":"o.s.v","lemma":"o.s.v.","morphology":"abbreviation","role":"coordinated with Følelse and Stemning","gloss":"and so on"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"fronts the clause forsynder han sig (then)","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"forsynder","lemma":"forsynde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause (forsynder han sig)","gloss":"sins"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of forsynder","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"sig,-da","lemma":"sig / da","morphology":"reflexive pronoun + adverb (merged tokens)","role":"direct object of forsynder; da fronts the next clause (ligger han...)","gloss":"himself — then","note":"Tokenizer merged two words across the dash: 'sig,' (reflexive object of forsynder) and 'da' (then, introducing 'ligger han i en Anfægtelse')."},{"surface":"ligger","lemma":"ligge","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause (coordinated with forsynder)","gloss":"lies"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ligger","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Anfægtelse","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Anfægtelse","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Anfægtelse","lemma":"Anfægtelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ligger","gloss":"spiritual trial","note":"A key Kierkegaardian term for spiritual trial/temptation/ordeal, not ordinary anxiety."}]},{"number":19,"label":"19","id":"problema-ii-s19","source":"Troens Paradox er dette, at der er en Inderlighed, der er incommensurabel fra det Ydre, en Inderlighed, der vel at mærke ikke er identisk med hiin første, men en ny Inderlighed.","translation":"The paradox of faith is this: that there is an inwardness which is incommensurable with the outer — an inwardness which, mark well, is not identical with that first one, but a new inwardness.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Troens Paradox / hiin","title":"«Troens Paradox» — the paradox of faith","body":"«Troens Paradox» = the paradox of faith — the phrase that anchors this whole section. Faith's inwardness is «incommensurabel» with any outer expression, yet it is not the immediate, pre-ethical inwardness of feeling («hiin første», that first one) but a 'new' inwardness reached only after the ethical. «hiin» = that (yonder), an old demonstrative."}],"words":[{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Paradox","gloss":"of faith"},{"surface":"Paradox","lemma":"Paradox","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"paradox"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to dette","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er, anticipates the at-clause","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive with er","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the at-clause (existential, der er)","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Inderlighed","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"Inderlighed","lemma":"Inderlighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"notional subject of er (existential der er)","gloss":"inwardness"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of er (relative clause on Inderlighed)","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to incommensurabel","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"incommensurabel","lemma":"incommensurabel","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"predicate complement of er (relative clause on Inderlighed)","gloss":"incommensurable"},{"surface":"fra","lemma":"fra","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Ydre","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Ydre","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Ydre","lemma":"Ydre","morphology":"adjective, substantivized, singular","role":"oblique complement of incommensurabel","gloss":"outer"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Inderlighed","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"Inderlighed","lemma":"Inderlighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"in apposition to the earlier Inderlighed","gloss":"inwardness"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of er (relative clause on the second Inderlighed)","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"vel","lemma":"vel","morphology":"adverb","role":"parenthetical adverbial (vel at mærke = mark well)","gloss":"well","note":"'Vel at mærke' is a set phrase: 'mark well' / 'to be sure' — a parenthetical aside."},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"infinitive marker introducing mærke (idiom vel at mærke)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"mærke","lemma":"mærke","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive verb in the idiom vel at mærke","gloss":"note"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies identisk","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to identisk","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"identisk","lemma":"identisk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"predicate complement of er (relative clause on the second Inderlighed)","gloss":"identical"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hiin","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"hiin","lemma":"hiin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of første","gloss":"that","note":"Archaic Danish demonstrative, a form of 'hin' — 'that/yon.'"},{"surface":"første","lemma":"første","morphology":"adjective, substantivized","role":"oblique complement of identisk","gloss":"first one"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating conjunction introducing en ny Inderlighed","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Inderlighed","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ny","lemma":"ny","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Inderlighed","gloss":"new"},{"surface":"Inderlighed","lemma":"Inderlighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with identisk, elliptical predicate complement of er","gloss":"inwardness"}]},{"number":20,"label":"20","id":"problema-ii-s20","source":"Dette maa ikke oversees.","translation":"This must not be overlooked.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of oversees","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"maa","lemma":"maatte","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of oversees","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies oversees","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"oversees","lemma":"overse","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence (passive)","gloss":"be overlooked","note":"'Oversees' is the Danish passive infinitive of 'overse' (to overlook/miss) — a false friend, unrelated to English 'oversee.'"}]},{"number":21,"label":"21","id":"problema-ii-s21","source":"Den nyere Philosophi har tilladt sig uden videre istedenfor ,Trof at substituere det Umiddelbare.","translation":"Recent philosophy has allowed itself, without further ado, to substitute the immediate for \"faith.\"","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"det Umiddelbare / ,Tro","title":"«det Umiddelbare» — the immediate","body":"«det Umiddelbare» = the immediate (Hegel's Unmittelbarkeit) — raw, unreflected immediacy. Kierkegaard's complaint: modern (Hegelian) philosophy quietly swaps «Tro» (faith) for mere immediacy, as though faith were the starting point one moves beyond. «,Trof» is an OCR garble for «,Tro»» — the word 'faith' in low opening quotation marks; read it as «Tro»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Philosophi","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"nyere","lemma":"ny","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"modifies Philosophi","gloss":"recent"},{"surface":"Philosophi","lemma":"Philosophi","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tilladt","gloss":"philosophy"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tilladt","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"tilladt","lemma":"tillade","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"allowed"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of tilladt","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"uden","lemma":"uden","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking videre (idiom uden videre)","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"videre","lemma":"videre","morphology":"adverb","role":"oblique complement of uden (idiom uden videre = without further ado)","gloss":"further ado","note":"'Uden videre' is an idiom meaning 'without further ado/ceremony.'"},{"surface":"istedenfor","lemma":"istedenfor","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Trof, introduces what is substituted for","gloss":"instead of"},{"surface":"Trof","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of istedenfor","gloss":"faith","note":"Likely OCR corruption of 'Tro' (faith), which the source sets off in quotation marks; our translation renders it \"faith.\""},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of substituere","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"substituere","lemma":"substituere","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of tilladt (via at)","gloss":"substitute"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Umiddelbare","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Umiddelbare","lemma":"Umiddelbare","morphology":"adjective, substantivized","role":"direct object of substituere","gloss":"immediate"}]},{"number":22,"label":"22","id":"problema-ii-s22","source":"Naar man gjør det. da er det en Latterlighed at negte, at Troen har været til til alle Tider.","translation":"When one does that, it becomes ridiculous to deny that faith has existed in all ages.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"gjør / negte","title":"Period orthography: «gjør», «negte»","body":"1843 spellings: «gjør» (modern «gør», with «gj»), «negte» (modern «nægte»). The period after «gjør det.» mid-clause is a printer's slip for a comma — read 'Naar man gjør det, da er det...' If faith is just immediacy, then of course it has 'always existed,' which trivializes it."}],"words":[{"surface":"Naar","lemma":"naar","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gjør","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of gjør","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"gjør","lemma":"gøre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause introduced by Naar","gloss":"does"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gjør","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"fronts the main clause er det en Latterlighed","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Latterlighed","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"expletive subject of er, anticipates at negte","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Latterlighed","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Latterlighed","lemma":"Latterlighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er (anticipated by det)","gloss":"ridiculous thing"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of negte","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"negte","lemma":"negte","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"notional subject of er (extraposed infinitive clause, resumes det)","gloss":"deny"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of været","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Troen","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of været","gloss":"faith"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of været","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"været","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the clause, direct object of negte","gloss":"been","note":"'Været til' is an idiom meaning 'existed/been in existence.'"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"adverb","role":"particle forming the idiom være til (to exist), with været","gloss":"in existence"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Tider","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"alle","lemma":"al","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies Tider","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"Tider","lemma":"Tid","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of til","gloss":"ages"}]},{"number":23,"label":"23","id":"problema-ii-s23","source":"Troen kommer nu paa den Maade i temmelig simpelt Compagni med Følelse, Stemning, Idiosynkrasi, vapeurs 0. s. v.","translation":"Faith thus comes, in this way, into rather plain company with feeling, mood, idiosyncrasy, vapors, and so on.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"vapeurs / Compagni","title":"«vapeurs» — vapors; «Compagni» — company","body":"«vapeurs» is French for 'vapors' — the period's term for nervous moods or the 'vapors.' «Compagni» = company, partnership. Kierkegaard's sarcasm: reduce faith to immediacy and it keeps company with mere feeling and the 'vapors.' «0. s. v.» = «og saa videre» (and so on), the digit 0 an OCR slip for the letter o."}],"words":[{"surface":"Troen","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kommer","gloss":"faith"},{"surface":"kommer","lemma":"komme","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"comes"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kommer","gloss":"thus"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Maade","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Maade","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Maade","lemma":"Maade","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kommer","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Compagni","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"temmelig","lemma":"temmelig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies simpelt","gloss":"rather"},{"surface":"simpelt","lemma":"simpel","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"modifies Compagni","gloss":"plain"},{"surface":"Compagni","lemma":"Compagni","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of i (into company)","gloss":"company"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Følelse","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Følelse","lemma":"Følelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of med (modifies Compagni)","gloss":"feeling"},{"surface":"Stemning","lemma":"Stemning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Følelse","gloss":"mood"},{"surface":"Idiosynkrasi","lemma":"Idiosynkrasi","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Følelse","gloss":"idiosyncrasy"},{"surface":"vapeurs","lemma":"vapeur","morphology":"noun, plural (French loanword)","role":"coordinated with Følelse","gloss":"vapors"},{"surface":"s.","lemma":"s.","morphology":"abbreviation","role":"part of the abbreviation o.s.v. (etc.), coordinated with vapeurs","gloss":"so","note":"'s.' and 'v.' (with an elided 'o.') abbreviate 'o.s.v.' = 'and so on', matching w26 in the previous segment."},{"surface":"v.","lemma":"v.","morphology":"abbreviation","role":"continues the abbreviation o.s.v., coordinated with vapeurs","gloss":"on"}]},{"number":24,"label":"24","id":"problema-ii-s24","source":"Forsaavidt kan Philosophien have Ret i, at man ikke bør blive staaende derved.","translation":"So far, philosophy may be right that one ought not to remain standing there.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Forsaavidt","lemma":"forsaavidt","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentential adverb, fronts the clause","gloss":"so far"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of have","gloss":"may"},{"surface":"Philosophien","lemma":"Philosophi","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"subject of have","gloss":"philosophy"},{"surface":"have","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence (infinitive complement of kan)","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"Ret","lemma":"Ret","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of have","gloss":"right","note":"'Have Ret' is an idiom: 'to be right' (literally 'have right')."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking the at-clause (complement of Ret)","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of blive","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of blive","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies blive","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"bør","lemma":"burde","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of blive","gloss":"ought"},{"surface":"blive","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the at-clause","gloss":"remain"},{"surface":"staaende","lemma":"staa","morphology":"verb, present, participle","role":"complement of blive","gloss":"standing"},{"surface":"derved","lemma":"derved","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies staaende","gloss":"there"}]},{"number":25,"label":"25","id":"problema-ii-s25","source":"Men der er Intet, der berettiger Philosophien til denne Sprogbrug.","translation":"But there is nothing that entitles philosophy to this use of language.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive with er","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"Intet","lemma":"Intet","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"notional subject of er (existential der er)","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of berettiger","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"berettiger","lemma":"berettige","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Intet","gloss":"entitles"},{"surface":"Philosophien","lemma":"Philosophi","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"direct object of berettiger","gloss":"philosophy"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Sprogbrug","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"denne","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Sprogbrug","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Sprogbrug","lemma":"Sprogbrug","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of berettiger","gloss":"use of language"}]},{"number":26,"label":"26","id":"problema-ii-s26","source":"Foran for Troen gaaer en Uendelighedens Bevægelse, først da indtræder, nec opinate, i Kraft af det Absurde Troen.","translation":"Before faith there goes a movement of infinity; only then, unexpectedly, by virtue of the absurd, does faith enter in.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"i Kraft af det Absurde / nec opinate","title":"«i Kraft af det Absurde» — by virtue of the absurd","body":"«i Kraft af det Absurde» (by virtue of the absurd) is one of the book's central phrases: faith does not follow rationally but breaks in beyond reason. «Uendelighedens Bevægelse» = the movement of infinity (infinite resignation), which must precede faith. «nec opinate» is Latin for 'unexpectedly, without being anticipated.' Period spelling «gaaer» (modern «går»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Foran","lemma":"foran","morphology":"adverb (part of compound preposition foran for)","role":"part of the compound preposition foran for, governs Troen","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Troen (with Foran)","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"Troen","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of Foran","gloss":"faith"},{"surface":"gaaer","lemma":"gaae","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"goes"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Bevægelse","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Uendelighedens","lemma":"Uendelighed","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Bevægelse","gloss":"of infinity"},{"surface":"Bevægelse","lemma":"Bevægelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gaaer","gloss":"movement"},{"surface":"først","lemma":"først","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies da (først da = only then)","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"fronts the clause indtræder Troen, paired with først","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"indtræder","lemma":"indtræde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause (subject Troen follows)","gloss":"enters"},{"surface":"nec","lemma":"nec","morphology":"Latin adverb (part of nec opinato)","role":"parenthetical Latin phrase, modifies indtræder","gloss":"un-","note":"'Nec opinate' is Latin 'nec opinato' (unexpectedly, lit. 'not having been expected') — 'opinate' is likely a spelling slip for 'opinato.'"},{"surface":"opinate","lemma":"opinato","morphology":"Latin participle (part of nec opinato)","role":"parenthetical Latin phrase, modifies indtræder","gloss":"expectedly"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Kraft","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"Kraft","lemma":"Kraft","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of indtræder","gloss":"virtue"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Absurde","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Absurde","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Absurde","lemma":"Absurde","morphology":"adjective, substantivized","role":"oblique complement of af","gloss":"absurd"},{"surface":"Troen","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of indtræder","gloss":"faith"}]},{"number":27,"label":"27","id":"problema-ii-s27","source":"Dette kan jeg vel forstaae, uden derfor at paastaae, at jeg har Troen.","translation":"This I can indeed understand, without on that account claiming that I have faith.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of forstaae (fronted)","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of forstaae","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of forstaae","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"vel","lemma":"vel","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forstaae","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"forstaae","lemma":"forstaae","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence (infinitive complement of kan)","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"uden","lemma":"uden","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of paastaae","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"derfor","lemma":"derfor","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies paastaae","gloss":"on that account"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of paastaae","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"paastaae","lemma":"paastaae","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of uden, via at","gloss":"claim"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of har","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of har","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the at-clause (object clause of paastaae)","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"Troen","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"faith"}]},{"number":28,"label":"28","id":"problema-ii-s28","source":"Naar Troen ikke er Andet end hvad Philosophien udgiver den for, saa er allerede Socrates gaaet videre, langt videre, istedenfor at det er omvendt, at han ikke er kommen til den.","translation":"If faith is nothing more than what philosophy makes it out to be, then Socrates already went further, far further — whereas the truth is the reverse: that he never reached it.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Naar","lemma":"naar","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"Troen","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"faith"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause introduced by Naar","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"Andet","lemma":"Andet","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"conjunction","role":"comparative conjunction, introduces the hvad-clause","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"introduces the clause of udgiver","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"Philosophien","lemma":"Philosophi","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"subject of udgiver","gloss":"philosophy"},{"surface":"udgiver","lemma":"udgive","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the hvad-clause (relative clause modifying Andet)","gloss":"makes out"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of udgiver","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"adverb","role":"particle completing the idiom udgive...for, with udgiver","gloss":"to be"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er (fronts the main clause)","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gaaet","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"allerede","lemma":"allerede","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gaaet","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"Socrates","lemma":"Socrates","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of gaaet","gloss":"Socrates"},{"surface":"gaaet","lemma":"gaa","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the main clause (perfect: er gaaet)","gloss":"gone"},{"surface":"videre","lemma":"videre","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gaaet","gloss":"further"},{"surface":"langt","lemma":"langt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies videre","gloss":"far"},{"surface":"videre","lemma":"videre","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gaaet","gloss":"further"},{"surface":"istedenfor","lemma":"istedenfor","morphology":"conjunction (istedenfor at = whereas/instead of)","role":"introduces the clause of omvendt","gloss":"whereas"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of omvendt","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of omvendt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to omvendt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"omvendt","lemma":"omvendt","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"the reverse"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kommen","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kommen","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kommen","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of kommen","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"kommen","lemma":"komme","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the at-clause (perfect: er kommen)","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking den","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kommen","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":29,"label":"29","id":"problema-ii-s29","source":"Han har i intellectuel Henseende gjort Uendelighedens Bevægelse.","translation":"In an intellectual respect he made the movement of infinity.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjort","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gjort","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Henseende","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"intellectuel","lemma":"intellectuel","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Henseende","gloss":"intellectual"},{"surface":"Henseende","lemma":"Henseende","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gjort","gloss":"respect"},{"surface":"gjort","lemma":"gøre","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"Uendelighedens","lemma":"Uendelighed","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Bevægelse","gloss":"of infinity"},{"surface":"Bevægelse","lemma":"Bevægelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of gjort","gloss":"movement"}]},{"number":30,"label":"30","id":"problema-ii-s30","source":"Hans Uvidenhed er den uendelige Resignation.","translation":"His ignorance is the infinite resignation.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"uendelige Resignation / Uvidenhed","title":"«den uendelige Resignation» — infinite resignation","body":"«Resignation» = the giving-up of finitude that precedes faith; «den uendelige Resignation» (infinite resignation) is the last stage before the leap. Socrates's «Uvidenhed» (ignorance, his famous 'I know that I know nothing') is read as exactly this resignation — a renouncing of all finite certainty."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Uvidenhed","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Uvidenhed","lemma":"Uvidenhed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"ignorance"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Resignation","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Resignation","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"uendelige","lemma":"uendelig","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Resignation","gloss":"infinite"},{"surface":"Resignation","lemma":"Resignation","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"resignation"}]},{"number":31,"label":"31","id":"problema-ii-s31","source":"Denne Opgave er allerede en passende for menneskelige Kræfter, om man end i vor Tid forsmaaer den; men først naar den er gjort, først naar den Enkelte har udtømt sig selv i det Uendelige, først da er det Punkt kommet, da Troen kan bryde frem.","translation":"This task is already one that befits human powers, even though our age disdains it; but only when it has been done, only when the single individual has exhausted himself in the infinite, only then has the point come at which faith can break forth.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"først ... først ... først da","title":"«først naar … først naar … først da» — only when","body":"An anaphora of «først» (only / first): only when resignation is complete does faith become possible. The rhetorical climb mirrors the argument — faith is not a shortcut but comes after the individual has 'exhausted himself in the infinite.' Period spelling «forsmaaer» (modern «forsmår»), «udtømt» = exhausted."}],"words":[{"surface":"Denne","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Opgave","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Opgave","lemma":"Opgave","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"task"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to passende","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"allerede","lemma":"allerede","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies passende","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of passende","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"passende","lemma":"passende","morphology":"adjective, substantivized","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"fitting"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Kræfter","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"menneskelige","lemma":"menneskelig","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies Kræfter","gloss":"human"},{"surface":"Kræfter","lemma":"Kraft","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of passende","gloss":"powers"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of forsmaaer","gloss":"even though"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of forsmaaer","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"adverb (particle, completes om...end = even though)","role":"particle completing the om...end idiom, modifies forsmaaer","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Tid","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"vor","lemma":"vor","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Tid","gloss":"our"},{"surface":"Tid","lemma":"Tid","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of forsmaaer","gloss":"age"},{"surface":"forsmaaer","lemma":"forsmaa","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the om-clause","gloss":"disdains","note":"Archaic verb 'forsmaa' — 'to disdain/scorn.'"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of forsmaaer","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"først","lemma":"først","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies naar (først naar = only when)","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"naar","lemma":"naar","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gjort","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjort","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gjort","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"gjort","lemma":"gøre","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the naar-clause (passive: er gjort)","gloss":"done"},{"surface":"først","lemma":"først","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies naar (først naar = only when)","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"naar","lemma":"naar","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of udtømt","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"enkelt","morphology":"adjective, definite, singular","role":"subject of udtømt","gloss":"single individual"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of udtømt","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"udtømt","lemma":"udtøme","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the naar-clause","gloss":"exhausted"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of udtømt","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies sig","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Uendelige","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Uendelige","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Uendelige","lemma":"Uendelig","morphology":"adjective, substantivized","role":"oblique complement of udtømt","gloss":"infinite"},{"surface":"først","lemma":"først","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies da (først da = only then)","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"fronts the main clause er det Punkt kommet, paired with først","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of kommet","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Punkt","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Punkt","lemma":"Punkt","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of kommet","gloss":"point"},{"surface":"kommet","lemma":"komme","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the main clause (perfect: er kommet)","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of bryde","gloss":"at which"},{"surface":"Troen","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bryde","gloss":"faith"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of bryde","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"bryde","lemma":"bryde","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the da-clause","gloss":"break"},{"surface":"frem","lemma":"frem","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on bryde","gloss":"forth"}]},{"number":32,"label":"32","id":"problema-ii-s32","source":"Troens Paradox er da dette, at den Enkelte er højere end det Almene, at den Enkelte, for at erindre om en nu sjeldnere dogmatisk Distinction, bestemmer sit Forhold til det Almene ved sit Forhold til det Absolute, ikke sit Forhold til det Absolute ved sit Forhold til det Almene.","translation":"The paradox of faith, then, is this: that the single individual is higher than the universal — that the single individual, to recall a now rarer dogmatic distinction, determines his relation to the universal by his relation to the absolute, not his relation to the absolute by his relation to the universal.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"det Absolute / det Almene","title":"«det Absolute» — the absolute (God)","body":"The core formula of Problema II: «den Enkelte» (the single individual) stands higher than «det Almene» (the universal) because he is related to «det Absolute» (the absolute — God). The order of priority is reversed: the relation to God grounds the relation to the universal, not the other way round. «sjeldnere» (modern «sjældnere») = rarer; period «-Distinction»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Paradox","gloss":"faith's"},{"surface":"Paradox","lemma":"Paradox","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"paradox"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to dette","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er, explained by the following at-clauses","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces first clause in apposition to dette (clause of er...højere)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"enkelt","morphology":"adjective (used as noun), singular","role":"subject of er (w9)","gloss":"individual","note":"Kierkegaard's technical term 'den Enkelte' ('the single individual') names the person before God, as against 'det Almene,' the universal/ethical-social order."},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to højere","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"højere","lemma":"høj","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"predicate complement of er (w9)","gloss":"higher"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Almene (comparison)","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"almen","morphology":"adjective (used as noun), neuter singular","role":"object of end (w11), comparison with højere","gloss":"universal","note":"'det Almene' ('the universal') is Kierkegaard's term for the ethical/social order of shared norms, as against 'den Enkelte,' the single individual."},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces second clause in apposition to dette (clause of bestemmer)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"enkelt","morphology":"adjective (used as noun), singular","role":"subject of bestemmer","gloss":"individual"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces purpose infinitive 'for at erindre' (modifies bestemmer)","gloss":"in order"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"infinitive marker introducing erindre","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"erindre","lemma":"erindre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"purpose clause modifying bestemmer","gloss":"recall"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Distinction, object of erindre","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Distinction","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sjeldnere","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"sjeldnere","lemma":"sjelden","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"modifies Distinction","gloss":"rarer"},{"surface":"dogmatisk","lemma":"dogmatisk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Distinction","gloss":"dogmatic"},{"surface":"Distinction","lemma":"Distinction","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of om (w20), modifying erindre","gloss":"distinction"},{"surface":"bestemmer","lemma":"bestemme","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"verb of the second at-clause (w14), in apposition to dette","gloss":"determines"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Forhold","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Forhold","lemma":"Forhold","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of bestemmer","gloss":"relation"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking det, modifying Forhold (w28)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"almen","morphology":"adjective (used as noun), neuter singular","role":"object of til (w29)","gloss":"universal"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Forhold (w34), modifies bestemmer","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Forhold","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Forhold","lemma":"Forhold","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of ved (w32)","gloss":"relation"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking det, modifying Forhold (w34)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Absolute","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Absolute","lemma":"absolut","morphology":"noun (adjective used as noun), neuter singular","role":"object of til (w35)","gloss":"absolute"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"negates the elided repetition of bestemmer (parallel clause)","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Forhold","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Forhold","lemma":"Forhold","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of the elided (repeated) bestemmer","gloss":"relation"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking det, modifying Forhold (w40)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Absolute","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Absolute","lemma":"absolut","morphology":"noun (adjective used as noun), neuter singular","role":"object of til (w41)","gloss":"absolute"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Forhold (w46), modifies the elided bestemmer","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Forhold","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Forhold","lemma":"Forhold","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of ved (w44)","gloss":"relation"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking det, modifying Forhold (w46)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"almen","morphology":"adjective (used as noun), neuter singular","role":"object of til (w47)","gloss":"universal"}]},{"number":33,"label":"33","id":"problema-ii-s33","source":"Paradoxet kan ogsaa udtrykkes saaledes, at der er en absolut Pligt mod Gud; thi i dette Pligtforhold forholder den Enkelte som den Enkelte sig absolut til det Absolute.","translation":"The paradox can also be expressed thus: that there is an absolute duty toward God; for in this duty-relation the single individual, as the single individual, relates himself absolutely to the absolute.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Paradoxet","title":"«Paradoxet» — the paradox restated as duty","body":"Here the paradox is restated as the section's title-thesis: there IS an absolute duty toward God. The chiming phrase «forholder … sig absolut til det Absolute» (relates himself absolutely to the absolute) is the formula of faith — the individual, precisely as individual, in unmediated relation to God. «thi» = for, because."}],"words":[{"surface":"Paradoxet","lemma":"Paradox","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"subject of udtrykkes","gloss":"the paradox"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of udtrykkes","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"ogsaa","lemma":"ogsaa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies udtrykkes","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"udtrykkes","lemma":"udtrykke","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"expressed"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies udtrykkes","gloss":"thus"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er (clausal complement of udtrykkes)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive with er","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"verb of the at-clause (clausal complement of udtrykkes); existential 'der er'","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Pligt","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"absolut","lemma":"absolut","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Pligt","gloss":"absolute"},{"surface":"Pligt","lemma":"Pligt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"logical subject of er (existential 'der er', w7-8)","gloss":"duty"},{"surface":"mod","lemma":"mod","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Gud, modifying Pligt","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, proper","role":"object of mod (w12), modifying Pligt","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"coordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of forholder","gloss":"for","note":"'thi' is an archaic/formal Danish word for 'for' (causal), rarely used in modern Danish."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Pligtforhold","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Pligtforhold","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Pligtforhold","lemma":"Pligtforhold","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of i (w15), adverbial modifying forholder","gloss":"duty-relation"},{"surface":"forholder","lemma":"forholde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the thi-clause (reflexive 'forholde sig')","gloss":"relates"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"enkelt","morphology":"adjective (used as noun), singular","role":"subject of forholder","gloss":"individual"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"conjunction, comparative","role":"introduces appositive comparison, linking Enkelte (w20) to Enkelte (w23)","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"enkelt","morphology":"adjective (used as noun), singular","role":"in apposition to Enkelte (w20), via som","gloss":"individual"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of forholder (reflexive)","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"absolut","lemma":"absolut","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forholder","gloss":"absolutely"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking det, modifying forholder","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Absolute","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Absolute","lemma":"absolut","morphology":"noun (adjective used as noun), neuter singular","role":"object of til (w26), modifying forholder","gloss":"the absolute"}]},{"number":34,"label":"34","id":"problema-ii-s34","source":"Naar det da i denne Forbindelse hedder, at det er Pligt at elske Gud, saa siges dermed noget Andet end i det Foregaaende; thi er denne Pligt absolut, saa er det Ethiske nedsat til det Relative.","translation":"When, then, it is said in this connection that it is a duty to love God, something other is meant than before; for if this duty is absolute, the ethical is reduced to the relative.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"nedsat til det Relative","title":"«det Ethiske nedsat til det Relative» — the ethical reduced to the relative","body":"The decisive consequence: if the duty to God is «absolut», then «det Ethiske» (the ethical), which claimed to be the highest and universal, is demoted to «det Relative» (the relative). This is the teleological suspension of the ethical seen from Problema II's angle. «hedder» = it is called/said; «nedsat» = lowered, reduced."}],"words":[{"surface":"Naar","lemma":"naar","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hedder","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of hedder (expletive)","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hedder","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Forbindelse","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"denne","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Forbindelse","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Forbindelse","lemma":"Forbindelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of i (w4), modifying hedder","gloss":"connection"},{"surface":"hedder","lemma":"hedde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the naar-clause","gloss":"is said"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er (w10), clausal complement of hedder","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er (w10, expletive)","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Pligt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"Pligt","lemma":"Pligt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er (w10)","gloss":"a duty"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"infinitive marker introducing elske, explaining Pligt","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"elske","lemma":"elske","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive clause modifying Pligt (epexegetical)","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, proper","role":"direct object of elske","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies siges","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"siges","lemma":"sige","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the main clause","gloss":"is said"},{"surface":"dermed","lemma":"dermed","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies siges","gloss":"thereby"},{"surface":"noget","lemma":"nogen","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of siges (passive)","gloss":"something"},{"surface":"Andet","lemma":"anden","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"modifies noget","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"conjunction, comparative","role":"comparative conjunction linking to i det Foregaaende (w21-23)","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking det","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Foregaaende","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Foregaaende","lemma":"foregaaende","morphology":"adjective (used as noun), neuter singular","role":"object of i (w21), comparison with noget Andet","gloss":"before","note":"'det Foregaaende', literally 'that which went before,' is rendered idiomatically here as 'before.'"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"coordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the causal/conditional clause (thi = for; the following clause is a V1 conditional meaning 'if')","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking Pligt (w27, subject) to absolut (w28); V1 conditional clause ('if this duty is absolute')","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"denne","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Pligt","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Pligt","lemma":"Pligt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er (w25)","gloss":"duty"},{"surface":"absolut","lemma":"absolut","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er (w25)","gloss":"absolute"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"resumptive adverb introducing the main clause, modifies er (w30)","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to nedsat","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Ethiske","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Ethiske","lemma":"ethisk","morphology":"adjective (used as noun), neuter singular","role":"subject of er (w30)/nedsat","gloss":"ethical"},{"surface":"nedsat","lemma":"nedsætte","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"predicate participle with er (w30), forming passive 'er nedsat'","gloss":"reduced"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Relative, modifying nedsat","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Relative","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Relative","lemma":"relativ","morphology":"adjective (used as noun), neuter singular","role":"object of til (w34), modifying nedsat","gloss":"relative"}]},{"number":35,"label":"35","id":"problema-ii-s35","source":"Heraf følger dog ikke, at dette skal tilintetgjøres, men det faaer et ganske andet Udtryk, det paradoxe Udtryk, saaledes at f. Ex. Kjærlighed til Gud kan bringe Troens Ridder til at give sin Kjærlighed til Næsten det modsatte Udtryk af hvad der ethisk talt er Pligt.","translation":"From this it does not follow, however, that the ethical is to be annihilated; rather, it receives a wholly different expression, the paradoxical expression — so that, for example, love of God may bring the knight of faith to give his love of the neighbor the opposite expression to what, ethically speaking, is a duty.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Troens Ridder / f. Ex.","title":"«Troens Ridder» — the knight of faith","body":"«Troens Ridder» (the knight of faith) is the book's hero-figure, who holds both infinite resignation and faith at once. The ethical is not «tilintetgjort» (annihilated) but takes a «paradoxe Udtryk» (paradoxical expression): love of God can require the very opposite of ethical duty (as Abraham's love of God requires sacrificing Isaac). «f. Ex.» = «for Exempel» (for example)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Heraf","lemma":"heraf","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies følger","gloss":"from this"},{"surface":"følger","lemma":"følge","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"follows"},{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies følger","gloss":"however"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies følger","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clausal subject of følger","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of tilintetgjøres","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tilintetgjøres","gloss":"is to"},{"surface":"tilintetgjøres","lemma":"tilintetgjøre","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"verb of the clausal subject of følger","gloss":"be annihilated"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of faaer","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"faaer","lemma":"faae","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause coordinated with følger (via men)","gloss":"receives"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Udtryk","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ganske","lemma":"ganske","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies andet","gloss":"wholly"},{"surface":"andet","lemma":"anden","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Udtryk","gloss":"different"},{"surface":"Udtryk","lemma":"Udtryk","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of faaer","gloss":"expression"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of paradoxe","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"paradoxe","lemma":"paradox","morphology":"adjective, definite, neuter singular","role":"in apposition to Udtryk (w15), modifies Udtryk (w18)","gloss":"paradoxical"},{"surface":"Udtryk","lemma":"Udtryk","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"in apposition to Udtryk (w15), object of faaer","gloss":"expression"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces result clause with at (w20), modifies faaer","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the result clause (saaledes at...)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"f.","lemma":"for","morphology":"abbreviation","role":"part of the abbreviation 'f. Ex.' ('for example')","gloss":"for","note":"'f. Ex.' is an archaic Danish abbreviation of 'for Exempel,' i.e. 'for example.'"},{"surface":"Ex","lemma":"exempel","morphology":"abbreviation, noun","role":"with f. (w21), forms the adverbial 'for example'","gloss":"example"},{"surface":"Kjærlighed","lemma":"Kjærlighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bringe","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Gud, modifying Kjærlighed (w23)","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, proper","role":"modifies Kjærlighed (w23)","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of bringe","gloss":"may"},{"surface":"bringe","lemma":"bringe","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the result clause (introduced by at, w20)","gloss":"bring"},{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Ridder","gloss":"faith's"},{"surface":"Ridder","lemma":"Ridder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of bringe","gloss":"knight"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the infinitive clause of give (til at give)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"infinitive marker introducing give","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"give","lemma":"give","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive clause complement of bringe (bringe... til at give)","gloss":"give"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Kjærlighed","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Kjærlighed","lemma":"Kjærlighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of give (head of 'sin Kjærlighed til Næsten')","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Næsten, modifying Kjærlighed (w34)","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Næsten","lemma":"næste","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"object of til (w35), modifying Kjærlighed (w34)","gloss":"the neighbor"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Udtryk","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"modsatte","lemma":"modsat","morphology":"adjective, definite, neuter singular","role":"modifies Udtryk (w39)","gloss":"opposite"},{"surface":"Udtryk","lemma":"Udtryk","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of give","gloss":"expression"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition introducing the relative clause (af hvad der...), modifies Udtryk (w39)","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"subject of er (relative clause)","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"relative-subject marker with er (required after hvad)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ethisk","lemma":"ethisk","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies talt","gloss":"ethically"},{"surface":"talt","lemma":"tale","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"parenthetical ('ethisk talt'), modifies er (w45)","gloss":"speaking"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking hvad (w41, subject) to Pligt (w46)","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"Pligt","lemma":"Pligt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er (w45)","gloss":"a duty"}]},{"number":36,"label":"36","id":"problema-ii-s36","source":"Forholder det sig ikke saaledes, da har Troen ikke sin Plads i Tilværelsen, saa er Troen en Anfægtelse, og Abraham er tabt, da han gav efter for den.","translation":"If this is not so, then faith has no place in existence; then faith is a spiritual trial, and Abraham is lost, since he gave in to it.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Forholder","lemma":"forholde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the conditional clause (V1 = 'if'; 'forholder det sig saaledes' = 'is it so')","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of Forholder","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of Forholder (reflexive)","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Forholder","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Forholder","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"resumptive adverb introducing the main clause, modifies har","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the main clause","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"Troen","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"subject of har","gloss":"faith"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies har","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Plads","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"Plads","lemma":"Plads","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Tilværelsen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Tilværelsen","lemma":"Tilværelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"object of i (w12), modifies Plads","gloss":"existence"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"resumptive adverb introducing clause, modifies er (w15)","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Anfægtelse","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"Troen","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"subject of er","gloss":"faith"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Anfægtelse","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Anfægtelse","lemma":"Anfægtelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er (w15)","gloss":"spiritual trial","note":"'Anfægtelse' is Kierkegaard's theological term (cf. Luther's Anfechtung) for spiritual trial or temptation, not an ordinary 'attack.'"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of er (w21)","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tabt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"tabt","lemma":"tabe","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"predicate participle with er (w21); clause coordinated with the previous via og","gloss":"lost"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gav","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gav","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"gav","lemma":"give","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the causal da-clause","gloss":"gave"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gav (phrasal verb 'give efter')","gloss":"in","note":"'give efter' is a phrasal verb meaning 'to give in, yield.'"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking den","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"object of for (w27), referring to Anfægtelse","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":37,"label":"37","id":"problema-ii-s37","source":"Dette Paradox lader sig ikke mediere; thi det beroer netop paa, at den Enkelte kun er den Enkelte.","translation":"This paradox does not allow of mediation; for it rests precisely on the fact that the single individual is only the single individual.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"mediere","title":"«mediere» — to mediate (Hegel's Vermittlung)","body":"«at mediere» = to mediate — Hegel's Vermittlung, the dialectical resolution of an opposition into a higher unity. Kierkegaard's claim is that the paradox of faith cannot be mediated: there is no higher term that reconciles the individual with the universal, because the whole point is that «den Enkelte» (the single individual) remains stubbornly individual. «beroer paa» = rests upon."}],"words":[{"surface":"Dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Paradox","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Paradox","lemma":"Paradox","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of lader","gloss":"paradox"},{"surface":"lader","lemma":"lade","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"allows"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of lader","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lader","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"mediere","lemma":"mediere","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of lader sig ('lader sig mediere' = 'allows itself to be mediated')","gloss":"be mediated"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"coordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of beroer","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of beroer","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"beroer","lemma":"beroe","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the thi-clause","gloss":"rests"},{"surface":"netop","lemma":"netop","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies paa","gloss":"precisely"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition governed by beroer ('beroer paa' = 'rests on')","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause, object of paa (w11)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"enkelt","morphology":"adjective (used as noun), singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"individual"},{"surface":"kun","lemma":"kun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er, restricting the predicate to 'den Enkelte'","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Enkelte","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"enkelt","morphology":"adjective (used as noun), singular","role":"predicate complement of er (w16)","gloss":"individual"}]},{"number":38,"label":"38","id":"problema-ii-s38","source":"Saasnart denne Enkelte vil udtrykke sin absolute Pligt i det Almene, blive. sig denne bevidst i dette, saa erkjender han sig selv at være i Anfægtelse, og kommer da, hvis han ellers gjør den Modstand, ikke til at opfylde den saakaldte absolute Pligt, og hvis han ikke gjør det, da synder han, om hans Gjerning end realister bliver det, der var hans absolute Pligt.","translation":"As soon as this individual wants to express his absolute duty in the universal, to become conscious of it within the universal, he recognizes himself to be in a spiritual trial; and then, if he otherwise puts up resistance, he does not come to fulfill the so-called absolute duty, while if he does not resist, he sins, even though in reality his deed turns out to be what was his absolute duty.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"blive sig bevidst / erkjender","title":"«blive sig … bevidst» — to become conscious of; period «erkjender»","body":"The reflexive idiom «blive sig (noget) bevidst» = to become conscious of (something). «erkjender» (modern «erkender») keeps the period «kj»; so do «gjør» and «Gjerning» (deed). The thought is a trap: the moment the individual tries to translate his absolute duty into the universal's terms, he sees he is in «Anfægtelse» — either way he is caught. «realister» is almost certainly a single-character OCR insertion for the Latin adverb «realiter» (in reality), which Kierkegaard uses as a standard philosophical Latinism; «realiter» fits the clause as a straightforward adverb modifying «bliver»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Saasnart","lemma":"saasnart","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of udtrykke","gloss":"as soon as"},{"surface":"denne","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"enkelt","morphology":"adjective (used as noun), singular","role":"subject of udtrykke","gloss":"individual"},{"surface":"vil","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of udtrykke","gloss":"wants"},{"surface":"udtrykke","lemma":"udtrykke","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the saasnart-clause","gloss":"express"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Pligt","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"absolute","lemma":"absolut","morphology":"adjective, definite","role":"modifies Pligt","gloss":"absolute"},{"surface":"Pligt","lemma":"Pligt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of udtrykke","gloss":"duty"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking det, modifies udtrykke","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"almen","morphology":"adjective (used as noun), neuter singular","role":"object of i (w9), modifying udtrykke","gloss":"universal"},{"surface":"blive","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"second infinitive coordinated with udtrykke (w5), governed by vil","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, dative, reflexive","role":"reflexive dative pronoun with blive (idiom 'blive sig ... bevidst', 'become conscious')","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"denne","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"object of bevidst (w15), referring to Pligt","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"bevidst","lemma":"bevidst","morphology":"adjective","role":"predicate adjective with blive ('blive ... bevidst' = 'become conscious')","gloss":"conscious"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dette","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"object of i (w16), modifying bevidst (referring to det Almene)","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies erkjender","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"erkjender","lemma":"erkjende","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the main clause","gloss":"recognizes"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of erkjender","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of erkjender","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies sig","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"infinitive marker introducing være","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive clause complement of erkjender ('erkjender sig selv at være' = 'recognizes himself to be')","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Anfægtelse","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Anfægtelse","lemma":"Anfægtelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of i (w25), predicate complement of være","gloss":"spiritual trial"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"kommer","lemma":"komme","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with erkjender","gloss":"comes"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kommer","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"hvis","lemma":"hvis","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gjør","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjør","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ellers","lemma":"ellers","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gjør","gloss":"otherwise"},{"surface":"gjør","lemma":"gjøre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the hvis-clause, modifies kommer","gloss":"puts up"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Modstand","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Modstand","lemma":"Modstand","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of gjør","gloss":"resistance"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kommer","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the infinitive clause of opfylde (kommer til at opfylde)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"infinitive marker introducing opfylde","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"opfylde","lemma":"opfylde","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive clause complement of kommer","gloss":"fulfill"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of saakaldte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"saakaldte","lemma":"saakalde","morphology":"adjective, definite","role":"modifies Pligt (w43)","gloss":"so-called"},{"surface":"absolute","lemma":"absolut","morphology":"adjective, definite","role":"modifies Pligt (w43)","gloss":"absolute"},{"surface":"Pligt","lemma":"Pligt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of opfylde","gloss":"duty"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hvis","lemma":"hvis","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the second clause of gjør","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjør","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gjør","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"gjør","lemma":"gjøre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the second hvis-clause","gloss":"does"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gjør","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"resumptive adverb introducing the main clause, modifies synder","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"synder","lemma":"synde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the main clause","gloss":"sins"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of synder","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces concessive clause (om...end), modifies synder","gloss":"even though","note":"'om ... end' is an archaic concessive construction meaning 'even though/even if.'"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Gjerning","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Gjerning","lemma":"Gjerning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bliver (w58)","gloss":"deed"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"adverb","role":"concessive correlate with om (w53), modifies bliver","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"realister","lemma":"realiter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bliver (w58)","gloss":"in reality","note":"Likely a variant/transcription of 'realiter' ('in reality, actually'); glossed accordingly."},{"surface":"bliver","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking Gjerning (w55, subject) to det (w59, predicate)","gloss":"turns out to be"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of bliver (w58), antecedent of der (w60)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of var (relative clause on det)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Pligt","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Pligt","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"absolute","lemma":"absolut","morphology":"adjective, definite","role":"modifies Pligt","gloss":"absolute"},{"surface":"Pligt","lemma":"Pligt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of var (w61)","gloss":"duty"}]},{"number":39,"label":"39","id":"problema-ii-s39","source":"Hvad skulde saaledes Abraham gjøre?","translation":"What, then, was Abraham to do?","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of gjøre (fronted interrogative)","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gjøre, main verb of the question","gloss":"was to"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies skulde","gloss":"thus"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of skulde","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"gjøre","lemma":"gjøre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main infinitive verb, complement of skulde","gloss":"do"}]},{"number":40,"label":"40","id":"problema-ii-s40","source":"Hvis han vilde sige til et andet Menneske: Isaak elsker jeg højere end Alt 1 Verden, og derfor er det mig saa tungt at offre ham, saa skulde vel den Anden have rystet paa Hovedet og sagt: hvorfor vil Du saa offre ham; eller hvis den Anden havde været et fiffigt Hoved, da skulde han vel endog have gjennemskuet Abraham, at han bar Følelser til Skue, som stode i en himmelskrigende Modsigelse til hans Gjerning.","translation":"If he wanted to say to another person: Isaac I love higher than everything in the world, and that is why it is so hard for me to sacrifice him — then the other would surely have shaken his head and said: why, then, do you want to sacrifice him? Or, if the other had been a shrewd head, he might even have seen through Abraham, that he was parading feelings which stood in a crying contradiction to his deed.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"himmelskrigende Modsigelse","title":"«himmelskrigende Modsigelse» — a crying contradiction","body":"«himmelskrigende» = crying to heaven, screaming (German himmelschreiend); «Modsigelse» = contradiction. Abraham cannot make himself understood: any words of love would look like a 'heaven-crying contradiction' to the deed of sacrifice. «1 Verden» is an OCR slip for «i Verden» (in the world); «Du» is the capitalized intimate 'thou' (the formal pronoun is «De/Dem/Deres»); «til Skue» = on display, parading; «stode» = stood (old plural)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hvis","lemma":"hvis","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vilde","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vilde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"vilde","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of sige","gloss":"wanted"},{"surface":"sige","lemma":"sige","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"verb complement of vilde","gloss":"to say"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition introducing Menneske","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Menneske","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"andet","lemma":"anden","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"modifies Menneske","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"Menneske","lemma":"Menneske","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of til","gloss":"person"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of elsker","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"elsker","lemma":"elske","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the quoted clause","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of elsker","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"højere","lemma":"høj","morphology":"adverb, comparative","role":"modifies elsker","gloss":"higher"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"preposition","role":"comparative marker introducing Alt","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"Alt","lemma":"alt","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"object of end","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"Verden","lemma":"verden","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Alt","gloss":"world","note":"The source shows a stray '1' (a footnote marker in this edition) where the preposition 'i' belongs; the phrase is 'Alt i Verden' = 'everything in the world.'"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"derfor","lemma":"derfor","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"therefore"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking det and tungt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"experiencer complement of tungt","gloss":"for me"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tungt","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"tungt","lemma":"tung","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"hard"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of offre","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"offre","lemma":"ofre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of tungt","gloss":"sacrifice"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of offre","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"resumes the Hvis-clause as its apodosis","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of rystet","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"vel","lemma":"vel","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies skulde","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Anden","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Anden","lemma":"anden","morphology":"adjective (used as noun), common gender, singular","role":"subject of rystet","gloss":"the other"},{"surface":"have","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of rystet","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"rystet","lemma":"ryste","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"past participle complement of have","gloss":"shaken"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Hovedet","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"Hovedet","lemma":"hoved","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of rystet","gloss":"his head","note":"'ryste paa Hovedet' is the idiom 'to shake one's head' (in doubt or disapproval)."},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sagt","lemma":"sige","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"coordinated with rystet","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"hvorfor","lemma":"hvorfor","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of vil","gloss":"why"},{"surface":"vil","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of offre","gloss":"want"},{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vil","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vil","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"offre","lemma":"ofre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of vil","gloss":"sacrifice"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of offre","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"hvis","lemma":"hvis","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of været","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Anden","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Anden","lemma":"anden","morphology":"adjective (used as noun), common gender, singular","role":"subject of været","gloss":"the other"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of været","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"været","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, participle, singular","role":"copula linking Anden and Hoved","gloss":"been"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Hoved","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"fiffigt","lemma":"fiffig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"modifies Hoved","gloss":"shrewd"},{"surface":"Hoved","lemma":"hoved","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of været","gloss":"head","note":"'et fiffigt Hoved' idiomatically means 'a shrewd person.'"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"resumes the second Hvis-clause as its apodosis","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gjennemskuet","gloss":"might"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjennemskuet","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"vel","lemma":"vel","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies skulde","gloss":"presumably"},{"surface":"endog","lemma":"endog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gjennemskuet","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"have","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of gjennemskuet","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"gjennemskuet","lemma":"gjennemskue","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"past participle complement of have","gloss":"seen through"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of gjennemskuet","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of bar","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bar","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"bar","lemma":"bære","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of gjennemskuet","gloss":"paraded"},{"surface":"Følelser","lemma":"Følelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of bar","gloss":"feelings"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Skue","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"Skue","lemma":"skue","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of bar","gloss":"display","note":"'bar...til Skue' idiomatically means 'paraded/put on display.'"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of stode","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"stode","lemma":"staa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause modifying Følelser","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Modsigelse","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Modsigelse","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"himmelskrigende","lemma":"himmelskrigende","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Modsigelse","gloss":"crying","note":"Literally 'crying/screaming to heaven' — a vivid compound Kierkegaard coins for a glaring contradiction."},{"surface":"Modsigelse","lemma":"Modsigelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stode","gloss":"contradiction"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Gjerning","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Gjerning","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Gjerning","lemma":"Gjerning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of til","gloss":"deed"}]},{"number":41,"label":"41","id":"problema-ii-s41","source":"I Fortællingen om Abraham finde vi et saadant Paradox.","translation":"In the story of Abraham we find such a paradox.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"I","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Fortællingen","gloss":"In"},{"surface":"Fortællingen","lemma":"fortælling","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of finde","gloss":"story"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Abraham","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"object of om","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"finde","lemma":"finde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"find"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of finde","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of saadant","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"saadant","lemma":"saadan","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"modifies Paradox","gloss":"such (a)"},{"surface":"Paradox","lemma":"paradox","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of finde","gloss":"paradox"}]},{"number":42,"label":"42","id":"problema-ii-s42","source":"Hans Forhold til Isaak er ethisk udtrykt dette, at Faderen skal elske Sønnen.","translation":"His relation to Isaac, ethically expressed, is this: that the father shall love the son.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Forhold","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Forhold","lemma":"Forhold","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"relation"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Isaak","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies Forhold","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of udtrykt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ethisk","lemma":"ethisk","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies udtrykt","gloss":"ethically"},{"surface":"udtrykt","lemma":"udtrykke","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"predicate participle complement of er","gloss":"expressed"},{"surface":"dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of udtrykt","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of elske","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Faderen","lemma":"fader","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of elske","gloss":"the father"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of elske","gloss":"shall"},{"surface":"elske","lemma":"elske","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the appositive at-clause explaining dette","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"Sønnen","lemma":"søn","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of elske","gloss":"the son"}]},{"number":43,"label":"43","id":"problema-ii-s43","source":"Dette ethiske Forhold nedsættes til det Relative i Modsætning til det absolute Forhold til Gud.","translation":"This ethical relation is reduced to the relative, in contrast to the absolute relation to God.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dette","lemma":"dette","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Forhold","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"ethiske","lemma":"ethisk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Forhold","gloss":"ethical"},{"surface":"Forhold","lemma":"Forhold","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of nedsættes","gloss":"relation"},{"surface":"nedsættes","lemma":"nedsætte","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is reduced"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Relative","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Relative","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Relative","lemma":"relativ","morphology":"adjective (used as noun), neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of nedsættes","gloss":"relative"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Modsætning","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Modsætning","lemma":"Modsætning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of nedsættes","gloss":"contrast"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Forhold","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Forhold","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"absolute","lemma":"absolut","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Forhold","gloss":"absolute"},{"surface":"Forhold","lemma":"Forhold","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of til","gloss":"relation"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Gud","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of til","gloss":"God"}]},{"number":44,"label":"44","id":"problema-ii-s44","source":"Paa Spørgsmaalet hvorfor, har Abraham intet andet Svar, end at det er en Prøvelse, en Fristelse, hvilket, som ovenfor bemærket, er Eenheden af, at det er for Guds Skyld og for hans egen Skyld.","translation":"To the question why, Abraham has no other answer than that it is a trial, a temptation — which, as noted above, is the unity of its being for God's sake and for his own sake.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Prøvelse / Fristelse","title":"«Prøvelse» — ordeal/trial; «Fristelse» — temptation","body":"«Prøvelse» = an ordeal, a testing; «Fristelse» = temptation. The two words name the same event from God's side (a test) and the human side (a temptation). «Eenheden» (modern «enheden») = the unity — Abraham's act is at once 'for God's sake' and 'for his own sake.' Period spelling «Spørgsmaalet» (modern «spørgsmålet»), «for Guds Skyld» = for God's sake."}],"words":[{"surface":"Paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Spørgsmaalet","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Spørgsmaalet","lemma":"spørgsmaal","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of har","gloss":"the question"},{"surface":"hvorfor","lemma":"hvorfor","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Spørgsmaalet","gloss":"why"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of har","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"intet","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Svar","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"andet","lemma":"anden","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Svar","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"Svar","lemma":"svar","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"answer"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"preposition","role":"comparative marker introducing the at-clause","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Prøvelse","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Prøvelse","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Prøvelse","lemma":"Prøvelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"trial"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Fristelse","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Fristelse","lemma":"Fristelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"in apposition to Prøvelse","gloss":"temptation"},{"surface":"hvilket","lemma":"hvilken","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies bemærket","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"ovenfor","lemma":"ovenfor","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bemærket","gloss":"above"},{"surface":"bemærket","lemma":"bemærke","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"parenthetical clause modifying hvilket","gloss":"noted"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Eenheden","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"Eenheden","lemma":"eenhed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"the unity"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause explaining Eenheden","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the at-clause complementing af","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Skyld","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"Guds","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Skyld","gloss":"God's"},{"surface":"Skyld","lemma":"skyld","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of er","gloss":"sake"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Skyld","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Skyld","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"egen","lemma":"egen","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Skyld","gloss":"own"},{"surface":"Skyld","lemma":"skyld","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of for, coordinated with the first Skyld","gloss":"sake"}]},{"number":45,"label":"45","id":"problema-ii-s45","source":"Disse to Bestemmelser svare ogsaa til hinanden i Sprogbrug.","translation":"These two determinations also correspond to one another in ordinary usage.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Disse","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of Bestemmelser","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"to","lemma":"to","morphology":"numeral","role":"quantifies Bestemmelser","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"Bestemmelser","lemma":"bestemmelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"subject of svare","gloss":"determinations"},{"surface":"svare","lemma":"svare","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"correspond"},{"surface":"ogsaa","lemma":"ogsaa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies svare","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hinanden","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"hinanden","lemma":"hinanden","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"oblique complement of svare","gloss":"one another"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Sprogbrug","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Sprogbrug","lemma":"Sprogbrug","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of svare","gloss":"usage"}]},{"number":46,"label":"46","id":"problema-ii-s46","source":"Naar man saaledes seer et Menneske gjøre Noget, der ikke gaaer op i det Almene, saa siger man, det gjorde han nok neppe for Guds Skyld, og betegner derved, at han gjorde det for sin egen Skyld.","translation":"When one sees a person do something that does not go up into the universal, one says that he hardly did it for God's sake, and thereby indicates that he did it for his own sake.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Naar","lemma":"naar","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of seer","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of seer","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies seer","gloss":"thus"},{"surface":"seer","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the Naar-clause","gloss":"sees"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Menneske","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Menneske","lemma":"Menneske","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of seer, logical subject of gjøre","gloss":"a person"},{"surface":"gjøre","lemma":"gjøre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of seer","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"Noget","lemma":"nogen","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gjøre","gloss":"something"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of gaaer","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gaaer","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"gaaer","lemma":"gaae","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Noget","gloss":"goes"},{"surface":"op","lemma":"op","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gaaer","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking det","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"almen","morphology":"adjective (used as noun), neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of gaaer","gloss":"the universal"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies siger","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"siger","lemma":"sige","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the main clause","gloss":"says"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of siger","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gjorde","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"gjorde","lemma":"gøre","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of siger","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjorde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"nok","lemma":"nok","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies neppe","gloss":"probably"},{"surface":"neppe","lemma":"neppe","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gjorde","gloss":"hardly"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Guds","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"Guds","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Skyld","gloss":"God's"},{"surface":"Skyld","lemma":"skyld","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gjorde","gloss":"sake"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"betegner","lemma":"betegne","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with siger","gloss":"indicates"},{"surface":"derved","lemma":"derved","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies betegner","gloss":"thereby"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gjorde","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjorde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"gjorde","lemma":"gøre","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the at-clause, complement of betegner","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gjorde","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Skyld","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Skyld","gloss":"his own"},{"surface":"egen","lemma":"egen","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Skyld","gloss":"own"},{"surface":"Skyld","lemma":"skyld","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gjorde","gloss":"sake"}]},{"number":47,"label":"47","id":"problema-ii-s47","source":"Troens Paradox har tabt det Mellemliggende 2: det Almene.","translation":"The paradox of faith has lost the intermediate term, namely the universal.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"det Mellemliggende 2: det Almene","title":"«det Mellemliggende» — the intermediate; «2:» = 'that is'","body":"«det Mellemliggende» = the in-between, the mediating middle term. Faith has lost this middle — «det Almene» (the universal) — that would let the individual be understood by others. The «2:» is again the old 'scilicet / det vil sige' (that is, namely) sign, OCR-read here as the digit 2 (compare «9:» and «3:» earlier)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Paradox","gloss":"faith's"},{"surface":"Paradox","lemma":"paradox","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of tabt","gloss":"paradox"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tabt","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"tabt","lemma":"tabe","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lost"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Mellemliggende","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Mellemliggende","lemma":"mellemliggende","morphology":"adjective (used as noun), neuter, singular","role":"direct object of tabt","gloss":"intermediate term","note":"Refers to the ethical/universal 'middle term' that faith, per Kierkegaard, bypasses."},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"almen","morphology":"adjective (used as noun), neuter, singular","role":"in apposition to Mellemliggende","gloss":"the universal"}]},{"number":48,"label":"48","id":"problema-ii-s48","source":"Den har påa den ene Side Udtrykket for den høieste Egoisme (at gjøre det Forfærdelige, den gjør, for sin egen Skyld); paa den anden Side Udtrykket for den absoluteste Hengivenhed, at gjøre det for Guds Skyld.","translation":"On the one side it has the expression of the highest egoism (to do the dreadful thing it does for one's own sake); on the other side, the expression of the most absolute devotion, to do it for God's sake.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Egoisme / Hengivenhed","title":"«Egoisme» and «Hengivenhed» — the two faces of the paradox","body":"The paradox unites two opposite descriptions of one act: «den høieste Egoisme» (the highest egoism — done 'for his own sake') and «den absoluteste Hengivenhed» (the most absolute devotion / self-surrender — done 'for God's sake'). «påa» is an OCR slip for «paa» (modern «på»); «høieste» = highest; «det Forfærdelige» = the dreadful thing."}],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of har","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"påa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Side","gloss":"on","note":"'påa' is this edition's spelling variant of 'paa' (on)."},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Side","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ene","lemma":"ene","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies Side","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"Side","lemma":"side","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of paa","gloss":"side"},{"surface":"Udtrykket","lemma":"udtryk","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"the expression"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Egoisme","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Egoisme","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"høieste","lemma":"høi","morphology":"adjective, superlative","role":"modifies Egoisme","gloss":"highest"},{"surface":"Egoisme","lemma":"Egoisme","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of for, complementing Udtrykket","gloss":"egoism"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the appositive clause explaining Egoisme","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"gjøre","lemma":"gjøre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the appositive clause explaining Egoisme","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Forfærdelige","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Forfærdelige","lemma":"forfærdelig","morphology":"adjective (used as noun), neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gjøre","gloss":"dreadful thing"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjør","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"gjør","lemma":"gøre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Forfærdelige","gloss":"does"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Skyld","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Skyld","gloss":"one's own"},{"surface":"egen","lemma":"egen","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Skyld","gloss":"own"},{"surface":"Skyld","lemma":"skyld","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gjør","gloss":"sake"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Side, parallel to the first paa-phrase","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Side","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"anden","lemma":"anden","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Side","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"Side","lemma":"side","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of paa","gloss":"side"},{"surface":"Udtrykket","lemma":"udtryk","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"the expression"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Hengivenhed","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Hengivenhed","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"absoluteste","lemma":"absolut","morphology":"adjective, superlative","role":"modifies Hengivenhed","gloss":"most absolute"},{"surface":"Hengivenhed","lemma":"Hengivenhed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of for, complementing Udtrykket","gloss":"devotion"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the appositive clause explaining Hengivenhed","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"gjøre","lemma":"gjøre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the appositive clause explaining Hengivenhed","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gjøre","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Guds","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"Guds","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Skyld","gloss":"God's"},{"surface":"Skyld","lemma":"skyld","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gjøre","gloss":"sake"}]},{"number":49,"label":"49","id":"problema-ii-s49","source":"Troen selv kan ikke medieres ind i det Almene; thi derved hæves den.","translation":"Faith itself cannot be mediated into the universal; for thereby it is annulled.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"hæves","title":"«hæves» — is annulled (Hegel's aufheben)","body":"«hæves» is the -s passive of «hæve» (to raise, lift, cancel) — not of «ophæve», whose passive would be «ophæves». Kierkegaard uses «hæves» here with the same philosophical sense of annulment/sublation that Hegel's aufheben carries, but the verb is «hæve», not «ophæve». The point: if faith could be mediated into «det Almene» (the universal), it would be cancelled and so cease to be faith. Faith survives only as the unmediable paradox. «medieres» = be mediated; «thi» = for."}],"words":[{"surface":"Troen","lemma":"tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of medieres","gloss":"faith"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies Troen","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of medieres","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies medieres","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"medieres","lemma":"mediere","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"be mediated"},{"surface":"ind","lemma":"ind","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on medieres","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking det","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"almen","morphology":"adjective (used as noun), neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of medieres","gloss":"the universal"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"derved","lemma":"derved","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hæves","gloss":"thereby"},{"surface":"hæves","lemma":"hæve","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the thi-clause","gloss":"is annulled"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hæves","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":50,"label":"50","id":"problema-ii-s50","source":"Troen er dette Paradox, og den Enkelte kan aldeles ikke gjøre sig forstaaelig for Nogen.","translation":"Faith is this paradox, and the single individual simply cannot make himself understood to anyone.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Troen","lemma":"tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"faith"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Paradox","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Paradox","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Paradox","lemma":"paradox","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"paradox"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"enkelt","morphology":"adjective (used as noun), common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjøre","gloss":"individual"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gjøre","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"aldeles","lemma":"aldeles","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gjøre","gloss":"simply"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gjøre","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"gjøre","lemma":"gjøre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the second clause","gloss":"make"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of gjøre","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"forstaaelig","lemma":"forstaaelig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of sig","gloss":"understood"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Nogen","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Nogen","lemma":"Nogen","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gjøre","gloss":"anyone"}]},{"number":51,"label":"51","id":"problema-ii-s51","source":"Man indbilder sig vel, at den Enkelte kan gjøre sig forstaaelig for en anden Enkelt, der er i samme Casus.","translation":"One may imagine, no doubt, that the single individual can make himself understood to another individual who is in the same case.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Casus","title":"«Casus» — case (Latin)","body":"«Casus» is the Latin word for 'case, situation.' The supposed objection: surely two people 'in the same case' could understand each other. Kierkegaard will deny it — the next sentences argue that even one knight of faith cannot help another, since each must take the paradox upon himself alone."}],"words":[{"surface":"Man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of indbilder","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"indbilder","lemma":"indbilde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"imagines"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of indbilder","gloss":"oneself"},{"surface":"vel","lemma":"vel","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies indbilder","gloss":"no doubt"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gjøre","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"enkelt","morphology":"adjective (used as noun), common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjøre","gloss":"individual"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gjøre","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"gjøre","lemma":"gjøre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of indbilder","gloss":"make"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of gjøre","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"forstaaelig","lemma":"forstaaelig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of sig","gloss":"understood"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Enkelt","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelt","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"anden","lemma":"anden","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelt","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"Enkelt","lemma":"enkelt","morphology":"adjective (used as noun), common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gjøre","gloss":"individual"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of er","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Enkelt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Casus","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"samme","lemma":"samme","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies Casus","gloss":"same"},{"surface":"Casus","lemma":"casus","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of er","gloss":"case","note":"Latin loanword for 'case, instance' (as in a legal or logical case), common in 19th-century Danish philosophical prose."}]},{"number":52,"label":"52","id":"problema-ii-s52","source":"En saadan Betragtning var utænkelig, hvis man ikke påa saa mange Maader i vor Tid søgte at snige sig lumskelig ind i det Store.","translation":"Such a view would be unthinkable, were it not that in our age one seeks in so many ways to sneak slyly into greatness.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"lumskelig / det Store","title":"«lumskelig» — slyly; «det Store» — greatness","body":"«lumskelig» = slyly, insidiously; «det Store» = the great, greatness. Kierkegaard's barb at the age: people want the prestige of faith's greatness on the cheap, by 'sneaking in' through company and shared understanding rather than taking the paradox upon themselves. «påa» is again an OCR slip for «paa»; «Maader» = ways."}],"words":[{"surface":"En","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Betragtning","gloss":"A"},{"surface":"saadan","lemma":"saadan","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"quantifies Betragtning","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"Betragtning","lemma":"Betragtning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"view"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to utænkelig","gloss":"would be"},{"surface":"utænkelig","lemma":"utænkelig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of var","gloss":"unthinkable"},{"surface":"hvis","lemma":"hvis","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of søgte","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of søgte","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies søgte","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"påa","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Maader","gloss":"in","note":"Printed 'påa'; a scan/typesetting variant of 'på' (on/in)."},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies mange","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"mange","lemma":"mange","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies Maader","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"Maader","lemma":"Maade","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"object of påa","gloss":"ways"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Tid","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"vor","lemma":"vor","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Tid","gloss":"our"},{"surface":"Tid","lemma":"Tid","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of i","gloss":"age"},{"surface":"søgte","lemma":"søge","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the hvis-clause","gloss":"seeks"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of snige","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"snige","lemma":"snige","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"direct object of søgte","gloss":"sneak"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of snige","gloss":"oneself"},{"surface":"lumskelig","lemma":"lumskelig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies snige","gloss":"slyly"},{"surface":"ind","lemma":"ind","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on snige","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Store","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Store","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Store","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"object of i","gloss":"greatness"}]},{"number":53,"label":"53","id":"problema-ii-s53","source":"Den ene Troens Ridder kan slet ikke hjælpe den anden.","translation":"The one knight of faith can in no way help the other.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Ridder","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"ene","lemma":"ene","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies Ridder","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Ridder","gloss":"of faith"},{"surface":"Ridder","lemma":"Ridder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hjælpe","gloss":"knight"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of hjælpe","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"slet","lemma":"slet","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ikke","gloss":"at all"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hjælpe","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"hjælpe","lemma":"hjælpe","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"help"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of hjælpe","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"anden","lemma":"anden","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"modifies den","gloss":"other"}]},{"number":54,"label":"54","id":"problema-ii-s54","source":"Enten bliver den Enkelte selv en Troens Ridder derved, at han tager Paradoxet paa sig, eller han bliver det aldrig.","translation":"Either the single individual becomes a knight of faith himself by taking the paradox upon himself, or he never becomes one at all.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Enten","lemma":"enten","morphology":"adverb","role":"correlates with eller","gloss":"Either"},{"surface":"bliver","lemma":"blive","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Ridder","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"enkelt","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"subject of bliver","gloss":"single individual"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies Enkelte","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Ridder","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Ridder","gloss":"of faith"},{"surface":"Ridder","lemma":"Ridder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of bliver","gloss":"knight"},{"surface":"derved","lemma":"derved","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bliver","gloss":"thereby"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tager","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tager","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"tager","lemma":"tage","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the at-clause modifying derved","gloss":"takes"},{"surface":"Paradoxet","lemma":"Paradox","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"direct object of tager","gloss":"the paradox"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sig","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"oblique complement of tager","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bliver","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"bliver","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the second clause, coordinated with the first bliver","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of bliver","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"aldrig","lemma":"aldrig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bliver","gloss":"never"}]},{"number":55,"label":"55","id":"problema-ii-s55","source":"Compagniskab i disse Regioner er aldeles utænkeligt.","translation":"Partnership in these regions is utterly unthinkable.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Compagniskab","title":"«Compagniskab» — partnership, fellowship","body":"«Compagniskab» = partnership, going into business together (compare «Compagni» at s23). In matters of faith there can be no such joint venture: the relation to the absolute is irreducibly single. «Regioner» = regions, realms; «aldeles» = utterly, completely."}],"words":[{"surface":"Compagniskab","lemma":"Compagniskab","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"Partnership"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Regioner","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"disse","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of Regioner","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"Regioner","lemma":"Region","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"object of i","gloss":"regions"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to utænkeligt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"aldeles","lemma":"aldeles","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies utænkeligt","gloss":"utterly"},{"surface":"utænkeligt","lemma":"utænkelig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"unthinkable"}]},{"number":56,"label":"56","id":"problema-ii-s56","source":"Enhver nærmere Explication af hvad der skal forstaaes ved Isaak kan den Enkelte bestandig kun give sig selv.","translation":"Every closer explication of what is to be understood by Isaac, the single individual can constantly give only to himself.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Enhver","lemma":"enhver","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Explication","gloss":"Every"},{"surface":"nærmere","lemma":"nær","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"modifies Explication","gloss":"closer"},{"surface":"Explication","lemma":"Explication","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of give","gloss":"explication"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition introducing the clause modifying Explication","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"object of af, introduces the clause of forstaaes","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"subject of forstaaes","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of forstaaes","gloss":"is to"},{"surface":"forstaaes","lemma":"forstaae","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"main verb of the relative clause modifying hvad","gloss":"be understood"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Isaak","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"object of ved","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of give","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"enkelt","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"subject of give","gloss":"single individual"},{"surface":"bestandig","lemma":"bestandig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies give","gloss":"constantly"},{"surface":"kun","lemma":"kun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies give","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"give","lemma":"give","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"give"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"indirect object of give","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies sig","gloss":"self"}]},{"number":57,"label":"57","id":"problema-ii-s57","source":"Og hvis man endog nok saa nøie kunde bestemme, almindeligt talt, hvad der skulde forstaaes ved Isaak (hvilket da forøvrigt vilde være den latterligste Selvmodsigelse, at bringe den Eukelte, der netop staaer udenfor det Almene, ind under almindelige Bestemmelser, idet han skal handle netop som den Enkelte, der er udenfor det Almene), saa vil den Enkelte dog aldrig kunne forvisse sig derom ved Andre, end ved sig selv som den Enkelte.","translation":"And even if one could determine ever so precisely, in general terms, what was to be understood by Isaac (which would, moreover, be the most ridiculous self-contradiction — to bring the single individual, who stands precisely outside the universal, under general determinations, when he is to act precisely as the single individual who is outside the universal), the single individual will still never be able to assure himself of it through others, but only through himself as the single individual.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"hvis","lemma":"hvis","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of bestemme","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of bestemme","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"endog","lemma":"endog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies nøie","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"nok","lemma":"nok","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies nøie","gloss":"ever","note":"'nok saa' is an idiom meaning 'ever so'."},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies nøie","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"nøie","lemma":"nøie","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bestemme","gloss":"precisely"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of bestemme","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"bestemme","lemma":"bestemme","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the hvis-clause","gloss":"determine"},{"surface":"almindeligt","lemma":"almindelig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies talt","gloss":"generally"},{"surface":"talt","lemma":"tale","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"parenthetical modifier of bestemme","gloss":"speaking"},{"surface":"hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of bestemme","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"subject of forstaaes","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of forstaaes","gloss":"was to"},{"surface":"forstaaes","lemma":"forstaae","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"main verb of the relative clause on hvad","gloss":"be understood"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Isaak","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"object of ved","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"hvilket","lemma":"hvilken","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of være","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vilde","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"forøvrigt","lemma":"forøvrigt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vilde","gloss":"moreover"},{"surface":"vilde","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of være","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula of the hvilket-clause","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Selvmodsigelse","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"latterligste","lemma":"latterlig","morphology":"adjective, superlative","role":"modifies Selvmodsigelse","gloss":"most ridiculous"},{"surface":"Selvmodsigelse","lemma":"selvmodsigelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of være","gloss":"self-contradiction"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of bringe","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"bringe","lemma":"bringe","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"appositive infinitive clause on Selvmodsigelse","gloss":"bring"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Eukelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Eukelte","lemma":"enkelt","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"direct object of bringe","gloss":"single individual","note":"Printed 'Eukelte'; a typesetting variant of 'Enkelte'."},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of staaer","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"netop","lemma":"netop","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies staaer","gloss":"precisely"},{"surface":"staaer","lemma":"staae","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Eukelte","gloss":"stands"},{"surface":"udenfor","lemma":"udenfor","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking det","gloss":"outside"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"almen","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"object of udenfor","gloss":"universal"},{"surface":"ind","lemma":"ind","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bringe","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"under","lemma":"under","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Bestemmelser","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"almindelige","lemma":"almindelig","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies Bestemmelser","gloss":"general"},{"surface":"Bestemmelser","lemma":"Bestemmelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"object of under","gloss":"determinations"},{"surface":"idet","lemma":"idet","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of handle","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of handle","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of handle","gloss":"is to"},{"surface":"handle","lemma":"handle","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the idet-clause","gloss":"act"},{"surface":"netop","lemma":"netop","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies handle","gloss":"precisely"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Enkelte","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"enkelt","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"oblique complement of handle","gloss":"single individual"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of er","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the relative clause on Enkelte","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"udenfor","lemma":"udenfor","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking det","gloss":"outside"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"almen","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"object of udenfor","gloss":"universal"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vil","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"vil","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of forvisse","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"enkelt","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"subject of forvisse","gloss":"single individual"},{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forvisse","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"aldrig","lemma":"aldrig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kunne","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"kunne","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of forvisse","gloss":"be able"},{"surface":"forvisse","lemma":"forvisse","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the main clause","gloss":"assure"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of forvisse","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"derom","lemma":"derom","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forvisse","gloss":"of it"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Andre","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"Andre","lemma":"anden","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"object of ved","gloss":"others"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of ved","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sig","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"object of ved","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies sig","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Enkelte","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"enkelt","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"object of som","gloss":"single individual"}]},{"number":58,"label":"58","id":"problema-ii-s58","source":"Om derfor end et Menneske var feigt og usselt nok til al ville blive en Troens Ridder påa fremmed An- og Tilsvar, han bliver det dog ikke; thi kun den Enkelte bliver det som den Enkelte, og dette er det Store, som jeg vel kan forstaae uden at komme ind deri, da jeg mangler Mod; men dette er ogsaa det Forfærdelige, hvilket jeg endnu bedre kan fatte.","translation":"So, even if a person were cowardly and wretched enough to want to become a knight of faith on someone else's responsibility, he still does not become one; for only the single individual becomes that as the single individual — and this is the great thing, which I can indeed understand without entering into it, since I lack the courage; but this is also the dreadful thing, which I can grasp even better.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"fremmed An- og Tilsvar / Mod","title":"«på fremmed An- og Tilsvar» — on another's responsibility","body":"«An- og Tilsvar» is a legal-flavored idiom meaning answerability/responsibility; «på fremmed An- og Tilsvar» = on someone else's account, with another standing surety. No one can underwrite your faith. «Mod» = courage, the quality Johannes de silentio repeatedly says he lacks. «feigt» (modern «fejt») = cowardly; «al» here is an OCR slip for «at»; «påa» for «paa»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of var","gloss":"if","note":"Correlative 'om ... end' = 'even if'."},{"surface":"derfor","lemma":"derfor","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"adverb","role":"correlates with Om, modifies feigt","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Menneske","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Menneske","lemma":"Menneske","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"person"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to feigt","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"feigt","lemma":"feig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of var","gloss":"cowardly"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"usselt","lemma":"ussel","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with feigt","gloss":"wretched"},{"surface":"nok","lemma":"nok","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies usselt","gloss":"enough"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the infinitive clause of ville","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the infinitive clause of ville","gloss":"to","note":"Printed 'al'; a typesetting variant of 'at' (infinitive marker)."},{"surface":"ville","lemma":"ville","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of blive","gloss":"want"},{"surface":"blive","lemma":"blive","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to Ridder","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Ridder","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Ridder","gloss":"of faith"},{"surface":"Ridder","lemma":"Ridder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of blive","gloss":"knight"},{"surface":"påa","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking An-","gloss":"on","note":"Printed 'påa'; a scan/typesetting variant of 'på' (on)."},{"surface":"fremmed","lemma":"fremmed","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies An-","gloss":"someone else's"},{"surface":"An-","lemma":"Ansvar","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of påa","gloss":"responsibility","note":"Elided compound: 'An-' stands for 'Ansvar' (responsibility), paired with 'Tilsvar' (accountability) — a legal doublet."},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Tilsvar","lemma":"Tilsvar","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with An-","gloss":"accountability"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bliver","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"bliver","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the second clause","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of bliver","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bliver","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bliver","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the following clause","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"kun","lemma":"kun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Enkelte","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"enkelt","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"subject of bliver","gloss":"single individual"},{"surface":"bliver","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of bliver","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Enkelte","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"enkelt","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"object of som","gloss":"single individual"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Store","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Store","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Store","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"great thing"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of forstaae","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of forstaae","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"vel","lemma":"vel","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forstaae","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of forstaae","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"forstaae","lemma":"forstaae","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"relative clause on Store","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"uden","lemma":"uden","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of komme","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of komme","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"komme","lemma":"komme","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on forstaae","gloss":"entering"},{"surface":"ind","lemma":"ind","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on komme","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"deri","lemma":"deri","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies komme","gloss":"into it"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of mangler","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of mangler","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"mangler","lemma":"mangle","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the da-clause","gloss":"lack"},{"surface":"Mod","lemma":"mod","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of mangler","gloss":"courage"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Forfærdelige","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ogsaa","lemma":"ogsaa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Forfærdelige","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Forfærdelige","lemma":"Forfærdelig","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"dreadful thing"},{"surface":"hvilket","lemma":"hvilken","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of fatte","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fatte","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"endnu","lemma":"endnu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bedre","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"bedre","lemma":"god","morphology":"adverb, comparative","role":"modifies fatte","gloss":"better"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of fatte","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"fatte","lemma":"fatte","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"relative clause on Forfærdelige","gloss":"grasp"}]},{"number":59,"label":"59","id":"problema-ii-s59","source":"Frygt og Bæven. 3. Udg. 6 Der foredrages som bekjendt i Luc. XIV, 26 en mærkelig Lære om den absolute Pligt mod Gud: ,dersom Nogen kommer til mig og ikke hader sin egen Fader, og \" sin Moder, og sin Hustru, og sine Børn, og sine Brødre og sine Søstre, ja endog sin egen Sjæl, han kan ikke være min Discipel.”","translation":"As is well known, there is set forth in Luke XIV, 26 a remarkable teaching about the absolute duty toward God: \"If anyone comes to me and does not hate his own father, and his mother, and his wife, and his children, and his brothers and his sisters, yes, and even his own soul, he cannot be my disciple.\"","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Frygt","lemma":"Frygt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"part of the running page header 'Frygt og Bæven'","gloss":"Fear","note":"Page running-head (the book's title), not part of the sentence proper."},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Bæven","lemma":"Bæven","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Frygt","gloss":"Trembling"},{"surface":"Udg","lemma":"Udgave","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"part of the page header '3. Udgave' (3rd edition)","gloss":"ed.","note":"Abbreviation for 'Udgave' (edition); page-header text, not part of the sentence."},{"surface":"Der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive with foredrages","gloss":"There"},{"surface":"foredrages","lemma":"foredrage","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is set forth"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bekjendt","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"bekjendt","lemma":"bekjendt","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies foredrages","gloss":"known"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Luc","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Luc","lemma":"Lukas","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of foredrages","gloss":"Luke"},{"surface":"XIV","lemma":"XIV","morphology":"numeral","role":"modifies Luc (chapter number in the citation)","gloss":"14"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Lære","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"mærkelig","lemma":"mærkelig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Lære","gloss":"remarkable"},{"surface":"Lære","lemma":"Lære","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of foredrages","gloss":"teaching"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Pligt","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Pligt","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"absolute","lemma":"absolut","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Pligt","gloss":"absolute"},{"surface":"Pligt","lemma":"Pligt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of om","gloss":"duty"},{"surface":"mod","lemma":"mod","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Gud","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of mod","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"dersom","lemma":"dersom","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kommer","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"Nogen","lemma":"nogen","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kommer","gloss":"anyone"},{"surface":"kommer","lemma":"komme","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the quoted clause","gloss":"comes"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mig","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kommer","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hader","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"hader","lemma":"hade","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with kommer","gloss":"hates"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Fader","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"egen","lemma":"egen","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Fader","gloss":"own"},{"surface":"Fader","lemma":"Fader","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of hader","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Moder","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Moder","lemma":"Moder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Fader","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Hustru","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Hustru","lemma":"Hustru","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Fader","gloss":"wife"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sine","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, plural, reflexive","role":"determiner of Børn","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Børn","lemma":"Barn","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural","role":"coordinated with Fader","gloss":"children"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sine","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, plural, reflexive","role":"determiner of Brødre","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Brødre","lemma":"Broder","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with Fader","gloss":"brothers"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sine","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, plural, reflexive","role":"determiner of Søstre","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Søstre","lemma":"Søster","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with Brødre","gloss":"sisters"},{"surface":"ja","lemma":"ja","morphology":"interjection","role":"introduces the final coordinated item (Sjæl)","gloss":"yes"},{"surface":"endog","lemma":"endog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Sjæl","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Sjæl","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"egen","lemma":"egen","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Sjæl","gloss":"own"},{"surface":"Sjæl","lemma":"Sjæl","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with Fader","gloss":"soul"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of være","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of være","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies være","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to Discipel","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"min","lemma":"min","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Discipel","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"Discipel","lemma":"Discipel","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of være","gloss":"disciple"}]},{"number":60,"label":"60","id":"problema-ii-s60","source":"Dette er en haard Tale, hvo kan taale at høre paa den?","translation":"This is a hard saying — who can bear to listen to it?","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"hvo / haard Tale","title":"«hvo» — who (archaic); «haard Tale» — a hard saying","body":"«hvo» is the archaic nominative 'who' (modern «hvem»), giving the line a scriptural ring; «en haard Tale» (a hard saying) echoes John 6:60. Period spelling «haard» (modern «hård»), «paa» (modern «på»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"This"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Tale","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Tale","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"haard","lemma":"haard","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Tale","gloss":"hard"},{"surface":"Tale","lemma":"Tale","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"saying"},{"surface":"hvo","lemma":"hvo","morphology":"pronoun, interrogative","role":"subject of taale","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of taale","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"taale","lemma":"taale","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the question","gloss":"bear"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of høre","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"høre","lemma":"høre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of taale","gloss":"listen"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking den","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"object of paa","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":61,"label":"61","id":"problema-ii-s61","source":"Den høres desaarsag ogsaa meget sjeldent.","translation":"For that reason it is also very seldom heard.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of høres","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"høres","lemma":"høre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is heard"},{"surface":"desaarsag","lemma":"desaarsag","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies høres","gloss":"for that reason"},{"surface":"ogsaa","lemma":"ogsaa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies høres","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"meget","lemma":"meget","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sjeldent","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"sjeldent","lemma":"sjælden","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies høres","gloss":"seldom"}]},{"number":62,"label":"62","id":"problema-ii-s62","source":"Dog denne Taushed er kun en Udflugt, som Intet hjælper.","translation":"Yet this silence is only an evasion that helps nothing.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"denne","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Taushed","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Taushed","lemma":"Taushed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"silence"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Udflugt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"kun","lemma":"kun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Udflugt","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Udflugt","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"Udflugt","lemma":"Udflugt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"evasion"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of hjælper (refers to Udflugt)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Intet","lemma":"Intet","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of hjælper","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"hjælper","lemma":"hjælpe","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Udflugt","gloss":"helps"}]},{"number":63,"label":"63","id":"problema-ii-s63","source":"Den theologiske Studerende han faaer imidlertid at vide, at disse Ord forekomme i det nye Testamente, og i et eller andet exegetisk Hjælpemiddel finder han den Oplysning, at 440&v paa dette og et Par andre Steder per uwwor betyder: minus diligo, posthabeo, non colo, nihili facto.","translation":"The theological student, however, gets to know that these words occur in the New Testament, and in some exegetical aid or other he finds the information that the word, in this and a couple of other places, signifies, by way of euphemism: I love less, I set after, I do not cultivate, I make of no account.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"440&v ... per uwwor ... minus diligo","title":"Greek garble «440&v», «per uwwor»; Latin gloss","body":"OCR has mangled the Greek: «440&v» is μισεῖν (misein, 'to hate'), and «per uwwor» is a garble of «per μείωσιν» (per meiōsin, 'by way of understatement / euphemism'). The Latin gloss «minus diligo, posthabeo, non colo, nihili facto» = 'I love less, I prize less, I do not cultivate, I make nothing of' — the exegete's softening of 'hate.' «forekomme» = occur (old plural)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Studerende","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"theologiske","lemma":"theologisk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Studerende","gloss":"theological"},{"surface":"Studerende","lemma":"studerende","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of faaer","gloss":"student"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"resumptive pronoun restating Studerende, subject of faaer","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"faaer","lemma":"faae","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"gets","note":"faaer...at vide is the idiom \"får at vide\" (gets to know, finds out)."},{"surface":"imidlertid","lemma":"imidlertid","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies faaer","gloss":"however"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"infinitive marker for vide","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"vide","lemma":"vide","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of faaer (idiom faaer at vide)","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the object clause of vide","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"disse","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of Ord","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"Ord","lemma":"Ord","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural","role":"subject of forekomme","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"forekomme","lemma":"forekomme","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active, plural agreement","role":"verb of the at-clause (object of vide)","gloss":"occur"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Testamente","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Testamente","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"nye","lemma":"ny","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Testamente","gloss":"New"},{"surface":"Testamente","lemma":"testamente","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of i","gloss":"Testament"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Hjælpemiddel","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"part of et eller andet, determiner of Hjælpemiddel","gloss":"some","note":"\"et eller andet\" is an idiom meaning \"some ... or other.\""},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links et and andet in the idiom","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"andet","lemma":"anden","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"part of et eller andet, modifies Hjælpemiddel","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"exegetisk","lemma":"exegetisk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Hjælpemiddel","gloss":"exegetical"},{"surface":"Hjælpemiddel","lemma":"Hjælpemiddel","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of i","gloss":"aid"},{"surface":"finder","lemma":"finde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with faaer","gloss":"finds"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of finder","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Oplysning","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Oplysning","lemma":"Oplysning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of finder","gloss":"information"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause explaining Oplysning","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"440&v","lemma":"μισέω","morphology":"verb (Greek, garbled by OCR), present indicative, 3rd person singular, active","role":"subject of betyder","gloss":"the word","note":"The surrounding sentence explains that this word is euphemistically softened into \"love less, set after, do not cultivate, make of no account\" — a weakening only makes sense if the underlying word is harsh (\"hate\"), not if it already means \"love.\" This is Kierkegaard's discussion (Problema II) of Luke 14:26's μισεῖ (\"[he] hates\", from μισέω), which exegetes explain away as a Hebraic euphemism for diminished love. It is not a form of ἀγαπᾶν (\"to love\")."},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dette and Steder (adverbial on betyder)","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of paa, coordinated with Steder","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"part of et Par (a couple of), modifies Steder","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Par","lemma":"par","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"quantifier modifying Steder (et Par = a couple of)","gloss":"couple of"},{"surface":"andre","lemma":"anden","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of Steder","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"Steder","lemma":"Sted","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of paa, coordinated with dette","gloss":"places"},{"surface":"per","lemma":"per","morphology":"preposition (Latin)","role":"introduces per uwwor, modifies betyder","gloss":"by way of","note":"\"per uwwor\" is an OCR-garbled rendering of the Latin \"per euphemismum\" (\"by way of euphemism\")."},{"surface":"uwwor","lemma":"euphemismus","morphology":"noun (Latin, garbled by OCR), accusative singular","role":"object of per","gloss":"euphemism"},{"surface":"betyder","lemma":"betyde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"verb of the at-clause (explains Oplysning)","gloss":"signifies"},{"surface":"minus","lemma":"minus","morphology":"adverb (Latin)","role":"modifies diligo","gloss":"less"},{"surface":"diligo","lemma":"diligo","morphology":"verb (Latin), present indicative, 1st singular","role":"first item in list, complement of betyder","gloss":"I love"},{"surface":"posthabeo","lemma":"posthabeo","morphology":"verb (Latin), present indicative, 1st singular","role":"coordinated with diligo","gloss":"I set after"},{"surface":"non","lemma":"non","morphology":"adverb (Latin, negation)","role":"modifies colo","gloss":"do not"},{"surface":"colo","lemma":"colo","morphology":"verb (Latin), present indicative, 1st singular","role":"coordinated with diligo/posthabeo","gloss":"cultivate"},{"surface":"nihili","lemma":"nihil","morphology":"noun (Latin), genitive singular","role":"complement of facto","gloss":"of no account"},{"surface":"facto","lemma":"facio","morphology":"verb (Latin), 1st singular","role":"coordinated with diligo/posthabeo/colo, governs nihili","gloss":"I make"}]},{"number":64,"label":"64","id":"problema-ii-s64","source":"Forbindelsen, hvori dissé Ord forekomme, synes dog ikke at bestyrke denne smagfulde Forklaring.","translation":"The context in which these words occur does not, however, seem to support this tasteful explanation.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"smagfulde Forklaring","title":"«smagfulde Forklaring» — 'tasteful' explanation (ironic)","body":"«smagfuld» = tasteful, in good taste — here heavily ironic: the exegete's polite softening of 'hate' into 'love less' is too convenient. «Forbindelsen» = the connection, the context. The accent on «dissé» is a printer's slip for «disse» (these); «bestyrke» = to corroborate, support."}],"words":[{"surface":"Forbindelsen","lemma":"forbindelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"subject of synes","gloss":"the context"},{"surface":"hvori","lemma":"hvori","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of forekomme","gloss":"in which"},{"surface":"dissé","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of Ord","gloss":"these","note":"\"dissé\" is a typo/OCR variant of \"disse\" (these)."},{"surface":"Ord","lemma":"Ord","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural","role":"subject of forekomme","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"forekomme","lemma":"forekomme","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active, plural agreement","role":"relative clause on Forbindelsen (via hvori)","gloss":"occur"},{"surface":"synes","lemma":"synes","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"seems"},{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies synes","gloss":"however"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies synes","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of bestyrke","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"bestyrke","lemma":"bestyrke","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"direct object of synes","gloss":"support"},{"surface":"denne","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Forklaring","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"smagfulde","lemma":"smagfuld","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Forklaring","gloss":"tasteful"},{"surface":"Forklaring","lemma":"Forklaring","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of bestyrke","gloss":"explanation"}]},{"number":65,"label":"65","id":"problema-ii-s65","source":"I det næstfølgende Vers nemlig findes en Fortælling om, hvorledes Een, der vil opføre et Taarn, først gjør Overslag, om han er istand dertil, at man ikke bag efter skal lee ad ham.","translation":"For in the very next verse there is found a story of how someone who would build a tower first makes an estimate of whether he is able to do it, so that people will not afterward laugh at him.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"I","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Vers","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Vers","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"næstfølgende","lemma":"næstfølgende","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies Vers","gloss":"next"},{"surface":"Vers","lemma":"Vers","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of findes","gloss":"verse"},{"surface":"nemlig","lemma":"nemlig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies findes","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"findes","lemma":"findes","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, mediopassive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is found"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Fortælling","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Fortælling","lemma":"Fortælling","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of findes","gloss":"story"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces clause modifying Fortælling","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"hvorledes","lemma":"hvorledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of gjør (complement of om)","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"Een","lemma":"een","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjør","gloss":"someone"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of opføre","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"vil","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of opføre","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"opføre","lemma":"opføre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"relative clause on Een","gloss":"build"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Taarn","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Taarn","lemma":"Taarn","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of opføre","gloss":"tower"},{"surface":"først","lemma":"først","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gjør","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"gjør","lemma":"gjøre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the hvorledes-clause (complement of om)","gloss":"makes"},{"surface":"Overslag","lemma":"Overslag","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gjør","gloss":"an estimate","note":"\"gjør Overslag\" is an idiom: \"makes an estimate/calculation.\""},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the whether-clause, complement of Overslag","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to istand","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"istand","lemma":"istand","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"able","note":"\"er istand (til)\" is an idiom meaning \"is able/capable (of).\""},{"surface":"dertil","lemma":"dertil","morphology":"adverb","role":"complement of istand (dertil = to that)","gloss":"to it"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the purpose clause of skal lee","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of lee","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lee","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"bag","lemma":"bagefter","morphology":"adverb (archaic split spelling)","role":"part of bagefter, modifies lee","gloss":"behind","note":"\"bag efter\" is an archaic two-word spelling of \"bagefter\" (afterward); together the two tokens mean \"afterward.\""},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"bagefter","morphology":"adverb (archaic split spelling)","role":"part of bagefter, modifies lee","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of lee","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"lee","lemma":"le","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the purpose clause (complement of skal)","gloss":"laugh"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ham","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ad (le ad = laugh at)","gloss":"him"}]},{"number":66,"label":"66","id":"problema-ii-s66","source":"Denne Fortællings nøie Forbindelse med det citerede Vers synes netop at tyde paa, at Ordene skulle tages saa forfærdelige som muligt, for at Enhver maa prøve sig selv, om han kan opføre Bygningen.","translation":"This story's close connection with the quoted verse seems precisely to indicate that the words are to be taken as dreadfully as possible, so that everyone must test himself as to whether he can build the structure.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Denne","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Fortællings","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Fortællings","lemma":"fortælling","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Forbindelse","gloss":"story's"},{"surface":"nøie","lemma":"nøie","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Forbindelse","gloss":"close"},{"surface":"Forbindelse","lemma":"forbindelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of synes","gloss":"connection"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Vers","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Vers","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"citerede","lemma":"citere","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"modifies Vers","gloss":"quoted"},{"surface":"Vers","lemma":"Vers","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of med","gloss":"verse"},{"surface":"synes","lemma":"synes","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"seems"},{"surface":"netop","lemma":"netop","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies synes","gloss":"precisely"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of tyde","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"tyde","lemma":"tyde","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"direct object of synes","gloss":"indicate"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"completes phrasal verb tyde paa, introduces clause","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tages","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Ordene","lemma":"Ord","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural, definite","role":"subject of tages","gloss":"the words"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active, plural agreement","role":"auxiliary of tages","gloss":"are to","note":"\"skulle\" is the older plural-agreement present form of \"skal\" (agreeing with plural Ordene), not a past tense."},{"surface":"tages","lemma":"tage","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"verb of the that-clause (complement of tyde paa)","gloss":"be taken"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forfærdelige","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"forfærdelige","lemma":"forfærdelig","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"predicate complement of tages","gloss":"dreadfully"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces comparison with muligt","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"muligt","lemma":"mulig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"complement in the saa...som muligt construction","gloss":"possible"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of for at (purpose), introduces the clause of prøve","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of for at","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Enhver","lemma":"enhver","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of prøve","gloss":"everyone"},{"surface":"maa","lemma":"maatte","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of prøve","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"prøve","lemma":"prøve","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the purpose clause (for at Enhver maa prøve)","gloss":"test"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of prøve","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun, intensifier","role":"modifies sig","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of opføre","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of opføre","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of opføre","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"opføre","lemma":"opføre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"verb of the om-clause (complement of prøve)","gloss":"build"},{"surface":"Bygningen","lemma":"Bygning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"direct object of opføre","gloss":"the structure"}]},{"number":67,"label":"67","id":"problema-ii-s67","source":"Dersom hiin fromme og kjelne Exeget, der ved saaledes at prutte mener at smugle Christendommen ind i Verden, havde Lykke til at overbevise et Menneske om, at dette baade grammaticalsk, linguistisk og zar avadoyrar var Meningen af hiint Sted, saa vil han, forhaabentlig, ogsaa have Lykke til i samme Øjeblik at overbevise det samme Menneske om, at Christendommen er noget af det Erbarmeligste i Verden.","translation":"If that pious and squeamish exegete, who by thus haggling thinks to smuggle Christianity into the world, should succeed in convincing a person that this was the meaning of that passage — grammatically, linguistically, and 'in keeping with the analogy of faith' — then, presumably, he will also succeed at that very moment in convincing the same person that Christianity is one of the most pitiable things in the world.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"zar avadoyrar / kjelne / prutte","title":"«zar avadoyrar» — garble of κατ' ἀναλογίαν; «kjelne», «prutte»","body":"«zar avadoyrar» is OCR garble for the Greek «κατ' ἀναλογίαν (τῆς πίστεως)» (kat' analogian, 'according to the analogy of faith') — a stock theological phrase for orthodox interpretation. «kjelne» = squeamish, over-delicate; «prutte» = to haggle, bargain down (the exegete 'haggles' the meaning of 'hate' down to 'love less'). «Erbarmeligste» (German-flavored) = most pitiable."}],"words":[{"surface":"Dersom","lemma":"dersom","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the conditional clause (main verb havde)","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"hiin","lemma":"hiin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Exeget","gloss":"that","note":"\"hiin\" is an archaic demonstrative (= modern \"hin\"), \"that (yonder).\""},{"surface":"fromme","lemma":"from","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Exeget","gloss":"pious"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"kjelne","lemma":"kjelen","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with fromme, modifies Exeget","gloss":"squeamish"},{"surface":"Exeget","lemma":"Exeget","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of havde","gloss":"exegete"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of mener","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the ved-phrase (by means of), modifies mener","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies prutte","gloss":"thus"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of prutte","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"prutte","lemma":"prutte","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of ved (ved at prutte = by haggling)","gloss":"haggling"},{"surface":"mener","lemma":"mene","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Exeget","gloss":"thinks"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of smugle","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"smugle","lemma":"smugle","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"direct object of mener","gloss":"smuggle"},{"surface":"Christendommen","lemma":"Christendom","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"direct object of smugle","gloss":"Christianity"},{"surface":"ind","lemma":"ind","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on smugle","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Verden","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"Verden","lemma":"verden","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"oblique complement of i","gloss":"the world"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had","note":"\"havde Lykke til\" is an idiom meaning \"succeeded in.\""},{"surface":"Lykke","lemma":"lykke","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of havde","gloss":"success"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of overbevise","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of overbevise","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"overbevise","lemma":"overbevise","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of til (Lykke til at overbevise)","gloss":"convince"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Menneske","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Menneske","lemma":"Menneske","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of overbevise","gloss":"person"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the at-clause (complement of overbevise)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause (complement of om)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"baade","lemma":"både","morphology":"adverb, correlative","role":"introduces the coordinated list (grammaticalsk, linguistisk, zar avadoyrar)","gloss":"both"},{"surface":"grammaticalsk","lemma":"grammatikalsk","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial modifying var (list item 1)","gloss":"grammatically"},{"surface":"linguistisk","lemma":"linguistisk","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with grammaticalsk","gloss":"linguistically"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"zar","lemma":"secundum","morphology":"word (Latin, garbled by OCR)","role":"coordinated with grammaticalsk/linguistisk (list item 3)","gloss":"according to","note":"\"zar avadoyrar\" is an OCR-garbled rendering of the Latin theological phrase \"secundum analogiam fidei\" (\"according to the analogy of faith\")."},{"surface":"avadoyrar","lemma":"analogiam fidei","morphology":"word (Latin, garbled by OCR)","role":"coordinated with grammaticalsk/linguistisk, continues zar","gloss":"of faith"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Meningen","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"Meningen","lemma":"mening","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"predicate complement of var","gloss":"the meaning"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Sted","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"hiint","lemma":"hiin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Sted","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Sted","lemma":"sted","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of af","gloss":"passage"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the main clause (then), resuming after Dersom","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"vil","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the main clause","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vil","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"forhaabentlig","lemma":"forhaabentlig","morphology":"adverb","role":"parenthetical adverb modifying the main clause","gloss":"presumably"},{"surface":"ogsaa","lemma":"ogsaa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies have","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"have","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of vil","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"Lykke","lemma":"lykke","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of have","gloss":"success"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on have","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Øjeblik","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"samme","lemma":"samme","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies Øjeblik","gloss":"that very"},{"surface":"Øjeblik","lemma":"Øjeblik","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of i (adverbial on overbevise)","gloss":"moment"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of overbevise","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"overbevise","lemma":"overbevise","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of til (Lykke til at overbevise)","gloss":"convince"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Menneske","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"samme","lemma":"samme","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies Menneske","gloss":"same"},{"surface":"Menneske","lemma":"Menneske","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of overbevise","gloss":"person"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the at-clause (complement of overbevise)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause (complement of om)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Christendommen","lemma":"Christendom","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"subject of er","gloss":"Christianity"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to noget","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"noget","lemma":"nogen","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Erbarmeligste","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Erbarmeligste","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Erbarmeligste","lemma":"erbarmelig","morphology":"adjective, superlative, substantivized, definite","role":"oblique complement of af","gloss":"most pitiable"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Verden","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Verden","lemma":"verden","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"oblique complement of i","gloss":"the world"}]},{"number":68,"label":"68","id":"problema-ii-s68","source":"Thi den Lære, der i et af sine mest lyriske Udbrud, hvor Bevidstheden om dens evige Gyldighed svulmer stærkest i den, ikke har andet at sige end et larmende Ord, der Intet betyder, men kun betegner, at man skal være mindre velvillig, mindre opmærksom, mere ligegyldig; den Lære, der i det Øieblik, da den gjør Mine til at ville sige det Forfærdelige, ender med at svale istedenfor at forfærde — den Lære er det vist ikke Umagen værd at reise sig for.","translation":"For the teaching which, in one of its most lyrical outbursts — where the consciousness of its eternal validity swells most strongly within it — has nothing more to say than a noisy word that means nothing, but signifies only that one should be less benevolent, less attentive, more indifferent; the teaching which, at the moment when it makes as if to say the dreadful thing, ends by cooling instead of appalling — that teaching is surely not worth rising to one's feet for.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"gjør Mine til / svale","title":"«gjør Mine til» — makes as if to; «svale» — to cool","body":"«gjøre Mine til at» = to make a show of, look as though about to. «svale» = to cool, soothe — set against «forfærde» (to appall, terrify): a doctrine that promises the dreadful and then merely cools the listener is contemptible. Long periodic sentence with the subject «den Lære» (the teaching) resumed twice before the verdict lands. Period «Øieblik» (modern «øjeblik»), «reise» (modern «rejse»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the sentence (for/because)","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Lære","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Lære","lemma":"Lære","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"topic, resumed by den Lære (w70-71), subject of er","gloss":"teaching"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of har","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking et","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of i","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Udbrud","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"sine","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, plural, reflexive","role":"determiner of Udbrud","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"mest","lemma":"mest","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lyriske","gloss":"most"},{"surface":"lyriske","lemma":"lyrisk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Udbrud","gloss":"lyrical"},{"surface":"Udbrud","lemma":"Udbrud","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of af (et af sine Udbrud)","gloss":"outbursts"},{"surface":"hvor","lemma":"hvor","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies svulmer","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"Bevidstheden","lemma":"bevidsthed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"subject of svulmer","gloss":"the consciousness"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Gyldighed","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"dens","lemma":"dens","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Gyldighed","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"evige","lemma":"evig","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Gyldighed","gloss":"eternal"},{"surface":"Gyldighed","lemma":"Gyldighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of om (Bevidstheden om dens evige Gyldighed)","gloss":"validity"},{"surface":"svulmer","lemma":"svulme","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on et (modifies the outburst, via hvor)","gloss":"swells"},{"surface":"stærkest","lemma":"stærk","morphology":"adverb, superlative","role":"modifies svulmer","gloss":"most strongly"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking den","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of svulmer","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies har","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Lære","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"andet","lemma":"anden","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"else"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of sige","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"sige","lemma":"sige","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of andet (andet at sige)","gloss":"say"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"conjunction, comparative","role":"introduces the comparison with Ord","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Ord","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"larmende","lemma":"larmende","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies Ord","gloss":"noisy"},{"surface":"Ord","lemma":"Ord","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"complement of end","gloss":"word"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of betyder","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Intet","lemma":"Intet","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of betyder","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"betyder","lemma":"betyde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Ord","gloss":"means"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"kun","lemma":"kun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies betegner","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"betegner","lemma":"betegne","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with betyder","gloss":"signifies"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause (complement of betegner)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of være","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of være","gloss":"should"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to velvillig","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"mindre","lemma":"mindre","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies velvillig","gloss":"less"},{"surface":"velvillig","lemma":"velvillig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of være","gloss":"benevolent"},{"surface":"mindre","lemma":"mindre","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies opmærksom","gloss":"less"},{"surface":"opmærksom","lemma":"opmærksom","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of være, coordinated with velvillig","gloss":"attentive"},{"surface":"mere","lemma":"mere","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ligegyldig","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"ligegyldig","lemma":"ligegyldig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of være, coordinated with velvillig/opmærksom","gloss":"indifferent"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Lære","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Lære","lemma":"Lære","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"topic (second mention), resumed by den Lære (w70-71)","gloss":"teaching"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of ender","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Øieblik","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Øieblik","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Øieblik","lemma":"Øieblik","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of i","gloss":"moment"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gjør","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjør","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"gjør","lemma":"gjøre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"verb of the da-clause, modifies Øieblik","gloss":"makes"},{"surface":"Mine","lemma":"mine","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of gjør (gjør Mine til = makes as if to)","gloss":"a pretense","note":"\"gjør Mine til at\" is an idiom meaning \"makes as if to/pretends to.\""},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of sige","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of sige","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ville","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of sige","gloss":"want"},{"surface":"sige","lemma":"sige","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of til, governs Forfærdelige","gloss":"say"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Forfærdelige","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Forfærdelige","lemma":"forfærdelig","morphology":"adjective, substantivized, singular","role":"direct object of sige","gloss":"dreadful thing"},{"surface":"ender","lemma":"ende","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Lære","gloss":"ends"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of svale","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of svale","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"svale","lemma":"svale","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of med (ender med at svale)","gloss":"cool"},{"surface":"istedenfor","lemma":"istedenfor","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of forfærde (instead of)","gloss":"instead of"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of forfærde","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"forfærde","lemma":"forfærde","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of istedenfor","gloss":"appall"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Lære","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Lære","lemma":"Lære","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"teaching"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"resumptive pronoun in the er...værd construction","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"vist","lemma":"vist","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er (parenthetical: vist ikke = surely not)","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies værd","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"Umagen","lemma":"Umage","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"complement of værd (Umagen værd = worth the trouble)","gloss":"the trouble"},{"surface":"værd","lemma":"værd","morphology":"adjective","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"worth"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of reise","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"reise","lemma":"reise","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of værd (værd at reise sig for)","gloss":"rise"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of reise","gloss":"oneself"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"stranded preposition referring to Lære (værd...at reise sig for)","gloss":"for"}]},{"number":69,"label":"69","id":"problema-ii-s69","source":"Ordene ere forfærdelige, dog troer jeg nok, man kan forstaae dem, uden at dog deraf følger, at den, der har forstaaet dem, derfor har Mod til at gjøre det.","translation":"The words are dreadful, yet I do think one can understand them, without it following from that, however, that whoever has understood them therefore has the courage to do it.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ere / Mod","title":"«ere» — are (old plural)","body":"«ere» is the archaic plural 'are' (modern «er» serves both numbers). The recurring contrast: understanding the dreadful demand is one thing, having «Mod» (courage) to act on it is another — Johannes de silentio's constant refrain about himself. «troer» (modern «tror») = believe/think, «forstaae» (modern «forstå»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ordene","lemma":"Ord","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural, definite","role":"subject of ere","gloss":"The words"},{"surface":"ere","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active, plural","role":"copula, links Ordene to forfærdelige","gloss":"are","note":"'Ere' is the old plural form of 'er' ('to be'), used because the subject 'Ordene' is plural; modern Danish uses 'er' for all persons and numbers."},{"surface":"forfærdelige","lemma":"forfærdelig","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"predicate complement of ere, describes Ordene","gloss":"dreadful"},{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies troer","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"troer","lemma":"troe","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"think","note":"The clause 'man kan forstaae dem' has no 'at' ('that') — Kierkegaard drops the conjunction here, a common older-Danish construction."},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of troer","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"nok","lemma":"nok","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies troer","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of forstaae","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of forstaae","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"forstaae","lemma":"forstaae","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"verb of the clause complementing troer","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of forstaae","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"uden","lemma":"uden","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of følger (uden at = without)","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of følger (with uden)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies følger","gloss":"however"},{"surface":"deraf","lemma":"deraf","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies følger","gloss":"from that"},{"surface":"følger","lemma":"følge","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on forstaae (subject: the following at-clause)","gloss":"follows"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause that is subject of følger","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of har (derfor har Mod)","gloss":"whoever"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of har (der har forstaaet)","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of forstaaet, relative clause on den","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"forstaaet","lemma":"forstaae","morphology":"verb, past participle","role":"main verb of the relative clause (perfect tense with har)","gloss":"understood"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of forstaaet","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"derfor","lemma":"derfor","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies har","gloss":"therefore"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the at-clause (subject den, object Mod)","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"Mod","lemma":"mod","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"courage"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the infinitive clause modifying Mod","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces gjøre (infinitive marker)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"gjøre","lemma":"gjøre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on Mod","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gjøre","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":70,"label":"70","id":"problema-ii-s70","source":"Saa redelig skal man dog være, at. man vedgaaer hvad der staar, at man tilstaaer, at det er det Store, om man end ikke selv har Mod dertil.","translation":"One ought at least to be honest enough to acknowledge what stands there, to admit that it is the great thing, even though one does not oneself have the courage for it.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"redelig / vedgaaer","title":"«redelig» — honest, upright; «vedgaaer» — acknowledges","body":"«redelig» = honest, upright, fair-dealing — a virtue Johannes prizes above the false humility of explaining the demand away. «vedgaae» = to acknowledge, own up to; «tilstaae» = to admit, confess. The period after «at.» mid-sentence is a printer's slip for a comma — read 'redelig skal man dog være, at man vedgaaer…'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies redelig (correlative with at)","gloss":"so","note":"'Saa ... at' is a correlative construction meaning 'so ... that,' expressing degree or result."},{"surface":"redelig","lemma":"redelig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of være, describes man","gloss":"honest"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of være","gloss":"ought"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of være","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies være","gloss":"at least"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the result clause (correlative with Saa)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of vedgaaer","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"vedgaaer","lemma":"vedgaae","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause introduced by at","gloss":"acknowledge"},{"surface":"hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of vedgaaer, introduces the clause of staar","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of staar","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"staar","lemma":"staa","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the relative clause on hvad","gloss":"stands"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tilstaaer, coordinated with the clause of vedgaaer","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of tilstaaer","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"tilstaaer","lemma":"tilstaae","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause introduced by at","gloss":"admit"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er, direct object of tilstaaer","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula, links det to Store","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Store","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Store","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, singular, substantivized","role":"predicate complement of er ('the great thing')","gloss":"great thing"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the concessive clause of har (correlative with end: 'even though')","gloss":"though"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of har","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"adverb","role":"correlative with om, modifies har","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies har","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun","role":"intensifier, emphasizes man","gloss":"oneself"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the om-clause (subject man, object Mod)","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"Mod","lemma":"mod","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"courage"},{"surface":"dertil","lemma":"dertil","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Mod","gloss":"for it"}]},{"number":71,"label":"71","id":"problema-ii-s71","source":"Den, der bærer sig saaledes ad, han skal ikke udelukke sig selv fra Deelagtighed i den skjønne Fortælling, thi den indeholder jo dog paa en Maade Trøst for den, der ikke havde Mod til at begynde paa Taarnets Opførelse.","translation":"Whoever conducts himself thus shall not exclude himself from a share in the beautiful story, for it does, after all, in a way contain comfort for the one who had not the courage to begin building the tower.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Deelagtighed / skjønne","title":"Period orthography: «Deelagtighed», «skjønne»","body":"1843 spellings: «Deelagtighed» (modern «delagtighed», with the doubled «ee») = participation, a share in; «skjønne» (modern «skønne», with «skj») = beautiful. «den skjønne Fortælling» (the beautiful story) is Kierkegaard's recurring phrase for the Abraham narrative. «bærer sig … ad» = conducts oneself."}],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"left-dislocated subject, resumed by han","gloss":"whoever"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of bærer","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"bærer","lemma":"bære","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Den","gloss":"conducts","note":"'bære sig ad' is an idiom meaning 'to conduct oneself/behave'; 'ad' has no independent meaning of its own here."},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of bærer","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bærer","gloss":"thus"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"particle","role":"particle completing bærer (idiom: bære sig ad)","gloss":"acts"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of udelukke","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of udelukke","gloss":"shall"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies udelukke","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"udelukke","lemma":"udelukke","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence (subject han)","gloss":"exclude"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of udelukke","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun","role":"intensifies sig","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"fra","lemma":"fra","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces Deelagtighed, oblique complement of udelukke","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"Deelagtighed","lemma":"Deelagtighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of udelukke","gloss":"share"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces Fortælling, modifies Deelagtighed","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Fortælling","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"skjønne","lemma":"skjøn","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular, definite","role":"modifies Fortælling","gloss":"beautiful"},{"surface":"Fortælling","lemma":"Fortælling","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of i (prepositional phrase modifies Deelagtighed)","gloss":"story"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of indeholder","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of indeholder","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"indeholder","lemma":"indeholde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the thi-clause","gloss":"contains"},{"surface":"jo","lemma":"jo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies indeholder","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies indeholder","gloss":"after all"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces Maade (adverbial: paa en Maade = in a way)","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Maade","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Maade","lemma":"Maade","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of paa, adverbial modifying indeholder","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"Trøst","lemma":"Trøst","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of indeholder","gloss":"comfort"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces den, oblique complement of Trøst","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"object of for","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of havde","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies havde","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"Mod","lemma":"mod","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of havde","gloss":"courage"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the infinitive clause of begynde","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces begynde (infinitive marker)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"begynde","lemma":"begynde","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on Mod","gloss":"begin"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces Opførelse (begynde paa = begin on/at)","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"Taarnets","lemma":"Taarn","morphology":"noun, genitive, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of Opførelse","gloss":"the tower's"},{"surface":"Opførelse","lemma":"Opførelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of paa (begynde paa Opførelse)","gloss":"building"}]},{"number":72,"label":"72","id":"problema-ii-s72","source":"Men ærlig maa han være, og ikke forklare denne Mangel paa Mod som Ydmyghed, da den tværtimod er Stolthed, medens Troens Mod er det eneste ydmyge Mod.","translation":"But honest he must be, and not explain this lack of courage as humility, since on the contrary it is pride — whereas the courage of faith is the only humble courage.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Ydmyghed / Stolthed","title":"«Ydmyghed» — humility; «Stolthed» — pride","body":"A sharp inversion: dressing up one's «Mangel paa Mod» (lack of courage) as «Ydmyghed» (humility) is really «Stolthed» (pride). Only «Troens Mod» (the courage of faith) is genuinely humble, because it submits to the absolute. «ærlig» = honest; «tværtimod» = on the contrary."}],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"But"},{"surface":"ærlig","lemma":"ærlig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of være, describes han","gloss":"honest"},{"surface":"maa","lemma":"maatte","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of være","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of være","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence (with maa as auxiliary)","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forklare","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"forklare","lemma":"forklare","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with være (also governed by maa)","gloss":"explain"},{"surface":"denne","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Mangel","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Mangel","lemma":"Mangel","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of forklare","gloss":"lack"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces Mod, modifies Mangel (Mangel paa Mod = lack of courage)","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Mod","lemma":"mod","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of paa (Mangel paa Mod)","gloss":"courage"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces Ydmyghed, oblique complement of forklare","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"Ydmyghed","lemma":"Ydmyghed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of forklare","gloss":"humility"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er (den er Stolthed)","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"tværtimod","lemma":"tværtimod","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"on the contrary"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula, links den to Stolthed","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"Stolthed","lemma":"stolthed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"pride"},{"surface":"medens","lemma":"medens","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er (Troens Mod er det eneste ydmyge Mod)","gloss":"whereas"},{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Mod","gloss":"faith's"},{"surface":"Mod","lemma":"mod","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er (Troens Mod er...)","gloss":"courage"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula, links Troens Mod to det eneste ydmyge Mod","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Mod (predicate head)","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"eneste","lemma":"eneste","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Mod","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"ydmyge","lemma":"ydmyge","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Mod","gloss":"humble"},{"surface":"Mod","lemma":"mod","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er (Troens Mod er det eneste ydmyge Mod)","gloss":"courage"}]},{"number":73,"label":"73","id":"problema-ii-s73","source":"Man indseer nu let, at hvis der skal være Mening i Stedet, maa det forstaaes lige efter Ordene.","translation":"One now easily sees that, if the passage is to have any meaning, it must be understood quite according to the words.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of indseer","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"indseer","lemma":"indse","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sees","note":"Historical spelling of modern 'indser'."},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies indseer","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"let","lemma":"let","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial modifier of indseer","gloss":"easily"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the content clause of indseer","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hvis","lemma":"hvis","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the conditional clause","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"expletive pronoun","role":"expletive subject of være","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of være","gloss":"is to"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, infinitive, active","role":"main verb of conditional clause","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"Mening","lemma":"mening","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"notional subject of være","gloss":"meaning"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Stedet","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Stedet","lemma":"sted","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"object of i","gloss":"the passage"},{"surface":"maa","lemma":"måtte","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of forstaaes","gloss":"must","note":"Historical spelling of modern 'må'."},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of maa forstaaes","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"forstaaes","lemma":"forstå","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of content clause","gloss":"be understood","note":"Historical spelling of modern passive 'forstås'."},{"surface":"lige","lemma":"lige","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies efter Ordene","gloss":"quite"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Ordene","gloss":"according to"},{"surface":"Ordene","lemma":"ord","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural, definite","role":"object of efter","gloss":"the words"}]},{"number":74,"label":"74","id":"problema-ii-s74","source":"Gud er den, der fordrer absolut Kjærlighed.","translation":"God is the one who demands absolute love.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to den","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject complement of er","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of fordrer","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"fordrer","lemma":"fordre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"demands"},{"surface":"absolut","lemma":"absolut","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Kjærlighed","gloss":"absolute"},{"surface":"Kjærlighed","lemma":"kærlighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of fordrer","gloss":"love"}]},{"number":75,"label":"75","id":"problema-ii-s75","source":"Den, der nu, idet han fordrer et Menneskes Kjærlighed, vil mene, at denne tillige skal bevise sig derved, at han bliver lunken ved Alt, hvad ham ellers var kjært, han er ikke blot en Egoist, men han er tillige dum, og den, der vilde fordre en saadan Kjærlighed, han underskriver i samme Øieblik sin egen Dødsdom, forsaavidt han havde sit Liv i den . attraaede Kjærlighed.","translation":"Now the one who, in demanding a person's love, would hold that this love must also prove itself by his becoming lukewarm toward everything else that was dear to him, he is not merely an egoist, but is also stupid; and whoever would demand such a love signs, at that very moment, his own death warrant, insofar as he had his life in the love he craved.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"lunken / attraaede","title":"«lunken» — lukewarm; «attraaede» — craved","body":"«lunken» = lukewarm, tepid (compare Revelation's 'neither hot nor cold'). The argument by analogy: a human who demanded that being loved made you cold to everyone else would be a fool — so we must not read God's demand that way either. «attraae» (modern «attrå») = to crave, desire; the stray «.» before «attraaede» is a print/OCR slip. «Dødsdom» = death sentence."}],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"dislocated subject resumed by han","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of vil mene","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vil mene","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"idet","lemma":"idet","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces participial clause","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fordrer","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"fordrer","lemma":"fordre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of subordinate clause introduced by idet","gloss":"demands"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Menneskes","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Menneskes","lemma":"menneske","morphology":"noun, genitive, neuter, singular","role":"possessive modifier of Kjærlighed","gloss":"person's"},{"surface":"Kjærlighed","lemma":"kærlighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of fordrer","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"vil","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of mene","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"mene","lemma":"mene","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of vil","gloss":"hold"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of bevise","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"denne","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of skal bevise","gloss":"this love"},{"surface":"tillige","lemma":"tillige","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bevise","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of bevise","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"bevise","lemma":"bevise","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of skal","gloss":"prove"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of bevise","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"derved","lemma":"derved","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bevise","gloss":"thereby"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces clause explaining derved","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bliver","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"bliver","lemma":"blive","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to lunken","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"lunken","lemma":"lunken","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"subject complement of bliver","gloss":"lukewarm"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Alt","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"Alt","lemma":"alt","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"object of ved","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"relative pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, dative, common gender, singular","role":"dative complement of kjært","gloss":"to him"},{"surface":"ellers","lemma":"ellers","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kjært","gloss":"else"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to kjært","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"kjært","lemma":"kær","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"subject complement of var","gloss":"dear"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"resumptive subject referring to Den","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Egoist","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Egoist","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"blot","lemma":"blot","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ikke","gloss":"merely"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Egoist","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"Egoist","lemma":"egoist","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject complement of er","gloss":"egoist"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to dum","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"tillige","lemma":"tillige","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dum","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"dum","lemma":"dum","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"subject complement of er","gloss":"stupid"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the main clauses","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"dislocated subject resumed by han","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of vilde fordre","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"vilde","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of fordre","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"fordre","lemma":"fordre","morphology":"verb, infinitive, active","role":"main verb of relative clause on den","gloss":"demand"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Kjærlighed","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"saadan","lemma":"sådan","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Kjærlighed","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"Kjærlighed","lemma":"kærlighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of fordre","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"resumptive subject referring to den","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"underskriver","lemma":"underskrive","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of coordinated clause","gloss":"signs"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Øieblik","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"samme","lemma":"samme","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies Øieblik","gloss":"the same"},{"surface":"Øieblik","lemma":"øjeblik","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of underskriver","gloss":"moment"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Dødsdom","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"egen","lemma":"egen","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Dødsdom","gloss":"own"},{"surface":"Dødsdom","lemma":"dødsdom","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of underskriver","gloss":"death warrant"},{"surface":"forsaavidt","lemma":"for så vidt","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces qualifying clause","gloss":"insofar as","note":"'Forsaavidt' is the historical spelling of modern 'for så vidt'."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of havde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of qualifying clause","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Liv","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Liv","lemma":"liv","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of havde","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking den","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Kjærlighed","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"attraaede","lemma":"attrå","morphology":"past participial adjective, common gender, singular, definite","role":"modifies Kjærlighed","gloss":"craved","note":"Historical spelling of modern 'attråede'."},{"surface":"Kjærlighed","lemma":"kærlighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of i","gloss":"love"}]},{"number":76,"label":"76","id":"problema-ii-s76","source":"En Mand fordrer saaledes, at hans Hustru skal forlade Fader og Moder, men hvis han vilde ansee det for et Beviis paa hendes overordentlige Kjærlighed til ham, at hun for hans Skyld blev en lunken dvask Dailter o. s. v., saa er han dummere end den Dummeste.","translation":"A man thus demands that his wife shall leave father and mother; but if he were to take it as a proof of her extraordinary love for him that for his sake she became a lukewarm, sluggish daughter, and so on, then he is more stupid than the most stupid.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Dailter / dvask","title":"«Dailter» — OCR slip for «Datter» (daughter); «dvask» — sluggish","body":"«Dailter» is a garble for «Datter» (daughter) — the analogy continues: a husband would be a fool to want his wife's love for him to make her a «lunken dvask Datter» (a lukewarm, sluggish daughter). «dvask» = listless, sluggish. «o. s. v.» = «og saa videre» (and so on). «Beviis» (modern «bevis», doubled «ii») = proof; «overordentlige» = extraordinary."}],"words":[{"surface":"En","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Mand","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Mand","lemma":"mand","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fordrer","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"fordrer","lemma":"fordre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"demands"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"således","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fordrer","gloss":"thus","note":"Historical spelling of modern 'således'."},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of forlade","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Hustru","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Hustru","lemma":"hustru","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of skal forlade","gloss":"wife"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of forlade","gloss":"shall"},{"surface":"forlade","lemma":"forlade","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of fordrer","gloss":"leave"},{"surface":"Fader","lemma":"fader","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of forlade","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Moder","lemma":"moder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Fader","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"hvis","lemma":"hvis","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces conditional clause","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vilde ansee","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"vilde","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ansee","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"ansee","lemma":"anse","morphology":"verb, infinitive, active","role":"infinitive complement of vilde","gloss":"regard","note":"Historical spelling of modern 'anse'."},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of ansee","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Beviis","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Beviis","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Beviis","lemma":"bevis","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object complement after for","gloss":"proof","note":"Historical spelling of modern 'bevis'."},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Kjærlighed","gloss":"of","note":"Historical spelling of modern 'på'."},{"surface":"hendes","lemma":"hendes","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Kjærlighed","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"overordentlige","lemma":"overordentlig","morphology":"adjective, definite, singular","role":"modifies Kjærlighed","gloss":"extraordinary"},{"surface":"Kjærlighed","lemma":"kærlighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of paa","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ham","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"object of til","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces clause in apposition to det","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hun","lemma":"hun","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition in phrase for hans Skyld","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Skyld","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Skyld","lemma":"skyld","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of for","gloss":"sake"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"blive","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to dvask","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Dailter","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"lunken","lemma":"lunken","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Dailter","gloss":"lukewarm"},{"surface":"dvask","lemma":"dvask","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Dailter","gloss":"sluggish"},{"surface":"Dailter","lemma":"datter","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject complement of blev","gloss":"daughter","note":"The printed form appears to be a corruption of Datter (‘daughter’)."},{"surface":"o.","lemma":"o.","morphology":"abbreviation","role":"first part of abbreviation o. s. v.","gloss":"and","note":"Together, 'o. s. v.' abbreviates 'og så videre' ('and so forth')."},{"surface":"s.","lemma":"s.","morphology":"abbreviation","role":"second part of abbreviation o. s. v.","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"v.","lemma":"v.","morphology":"abbreviation","role":"third part of abbreviation o. s. v.","gloss":"forth"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"correlative adverb introducing result clause","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to dummere","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"dummere","lemma":"dum","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"subject complement of er","gloss":"more stupid"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"comparative conjunction","role":"introduces comparative complement","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Dummeste","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Dummeste","lemma":"dum","morphology":"substantivized adjective, common gender, singular, definite, superlative","role":"object of comparison after end","gloss":"most stupid"}]},{"number":77,"label":"77","id":"problema-ii-s77","source":"Hvis han havde nogen Forestilling om, hvad Kjærlighed er, da vilde han ønske at opdage og \"deri see en Sikkerhed for, at hans Hustru vilde elske ham som ingen Anden i Riget, hvis han opdagede, at hun som Datter og Søster var fuldkommen i Kjærlighed.","translation":"If he had any conception of what love is, he would wish to discover, and to see therein a guarantee, that his wife would love him as no other in the kingdom, if he discovered that as daughter and sister she was perfect in love.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Forestilling / Sikkerhed","title":"«Forestilling» — conception; «Sikkerhed» — guarantee","body":"The positive turn of the analogy: a man who truly understood love would take his wife's perfect love as daughter and sister as a «Sikkerhed» (security, guarantee) that she would love him best of all. So too God's demand for absolute love does not require coldness to others. The stray «\"» before «deri» is an OCR slip; «Forestilling» = idea, conception; «Riget» = the kingdom."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hvis","lemma":"hvis","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of havde","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of havde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"verb of the Hvis-clause, conditions vilde","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"nogen","lemma":"nogen","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Forestilling","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"Forestilling","lemma":"Forestilling","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of havde","gloss":"conception"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of er, modifies Forestilling","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"predicate of er (what love is)","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"Kjærlighed","lemma":"Kjærlighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to hvad","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"resumes the main clause, modifies vilde","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"vilde","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"modal auxiliary, governs ønske","gloss":"would","note":"Old spelling of 'ville' (would); not the adjective 'vild' (wild)."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vilde, governs ønske","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ønske","lemma":"ønske","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of vilde","gloss":"wish"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"infinitive marker introducing opdage","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"opdage","lemma":"opdage","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of ønske","gloss":"discover"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links opdage and see","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"deri","lemma":"deri","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies see","gloss":"therein"},{"surface":"see","lemma":"see","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of ønske, coordinated with opdage","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Sikkerhed","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Sikkerhed","lemma":"Sikkerhed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of see","gloss":"guarantee"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the at-clause complementing Sikkerhed","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vilde (second)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Hustru","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Hustru","lemma":"Hustru","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vilde (second)","gloss":"wife"},{"surface":"vilde","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"modal auxiliary, governs elske","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"elske","lemma":"elske","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of vilde (second)","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of elske","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the comparison ingen Anden","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Anden","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"Anden","lemma":"anden","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"object of comparison (som), modified by ingen","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Riget","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Riget","lemma":"Rige","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"object of i, modifies Anden","gloss":"the kingdom"},{"surface":"hvis","lemma":"hvis","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of opdagede","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of opdagede","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"opdagede","lemma":"opdage","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"verb of the hvis-clause, conditions vilde elske","gloss":"discovered"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of var, direct object of opdagede","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hun","lemma":"hun","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the predicative phrase Datter og Søster","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"Datter","lemma":"Datter","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"complement of som","gloss":"daughter"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links Datter and Søster","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Søster","lemma":"Søster","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Datter","gloss":"sister"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to fuldkommen","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"fuldkommen","lemma":"fuldkommen","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate adjective, complement of var","gloss":"perfect"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Kjærlighed","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Kjærlighed","lemma":"Kjærlighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of fuldkommen","gloss":"love"}]},{"number":78,"label":"78","id":"problema-ii-s78","source":"Hvad man da hos et Menneske vilde ansee for et Tegn paa Egoisme og Dumhed, det skal man ved en Exegets Hjælp ansee for en værdig Forestilling om Guddommen.","translation":"What one would regard in a human being as a sign of egoism and stupidity, one is, with an exegete's help, to regard as a worthy conception of the Godhead.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Guddommen","title":"«Guddommen» — the Godhead","body":"«Guddommen» = the Deity, the Godhead. The sarcasm caps the analogy: the exegete's softened reading would make God's demand for love into exactly the egoism and stupidity we would condemn in a person — and then dress it up as a 'worthy conception of the Godhead.' «Tegn paa» = a sign of; «værdig» = worthy."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"fronted direct object of ansee (first), resumed by det","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of vilde ansee","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ansee (first)","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"hos","lemma":"hos","morphology":"preposition","role":"governs Menneske, modifies ansee (first)","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Menneske","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Menneske","lemma":"Menneske","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of preposition hos","gloss":"human being"},{"surface":"vilde","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"modal auxiliary, governs ansee (first)","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"ansee","lemma":"ansee","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of vilde, direct object Hvad","gloss":"regard"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Tegn","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Tegn","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Tegn","lemma":"Tegn","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of ansee (first)","gloss":"sign"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Egoisme","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Egoisme","lemma":"Egoisme","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of paa, modifies Tegn","gloss":"egoism"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links Egoisme and Dumhed","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Dumhed","lemma":"Dumhed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Egoisme","gloss":"stupidity"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"resumes Hvad, direct object of ansee (second)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ansee (second)","gloss":"is to"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of skal","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Hjælp","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Hjælp","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"Exegets","lemma":"Exeget","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Hjælp","gloss":"exegete's"},{"surface":"Hjælp","lemma":"Hjælp","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of ved, modifies ansee (second)","gloss":"help"},{"surface":"ansee","lemma":"ansee","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of skal, direct object det","gloss":"regard"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Forestilling","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Forestilling","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"værdig","lemma":"værdig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Forestilling","gloss":"worthy"},{"surface":"Forestilling","lemma":"Forestilling","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ansee (second)","gloss":"conception"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Guddommen","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Guddommen","lemma":"Guddom","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"object of om, modifies Forestilling","gloss":"the Godhead"}]},{"number":79,"label":"79","id":"problema-ii-s79","source":"Men hvorledes da hade dem?","translation":"But how, then, is one to hate them?","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links to the previous sentence","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"hvorledes","lemma":"hvorledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hade","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hade","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"hade","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence (deliberative infinitive)","gloss":"hate"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"them"}]},{"number":80,"label":"80","id":"problema-ii-s80","source":"Jeg skal her ikke erindre om den menneskelige Distinction enten elske eller hade, ikke fordi jeg har saa meget imod den, thi den er dog lidenskabelig, men fordi den er egoistisk og passer ikke her.","translation":"I shall not here recall the human distinction of either loving or hating — not because I have so much against it, for it is at least passionate, but because it is egoistic and does not fit here.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"lidenskabelig / Distinction","title":"«lidenskabelig» — passionate","body":"«lidenskabelig» = passionate, impassioned — a quality Kierkegaard generally prizes, which is why he half-defends the blunt 'either love or hate' before setting it aside as «egoistisk» (egoistic) and ill-fitting here. The point is that faith's 'hate' is not passionate animosity at all. «erindre om» = to recall, call to mind; «Distinction» = distinction."}],"words":[{"surface":"Jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of erindre","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of erindre","gloss":"shall"},{"surface":"her","lemma":"her","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies erindre","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies erindre","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"erindre","lemma":"erindre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of skal, main verb of the sentence","gloss":"recall"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Distinction","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Distinction","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"menneskelige","lemma":"menneskelig","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Distinction","gloss":"human"},{"surface":"Distinction","lemma":"Distinction","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of erindre","gloss":"distinction"},{"surface":"enten","lemma":"enten","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies elske, correlative with eller","gloss":"either"},{"surface":"elske","lemma":"elske","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"in apposition to Distinction, specifies it","gloss":"loving"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links elske and hade","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"hade","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with elske","gloss":"hating"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the fordi-clause (ikke fordi = not because)","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"fordi","lemma":"fordi","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of har","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of har","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"verb of the fordi-clause","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies meget","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"meget","lemma":"meget","morphology":"pronoun, quantifier","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"imod","lemma":"imod","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking den","gloss":"against"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"object of imod","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"coordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the explanatory clause of er (dog lidenskabelig)","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to lidenskabelig","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lidenskabelig","gloss":"at least"},{"surface":"lidenskabelig","lemma":"lidenskabelig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate adjective, complement of er","gloss":"passionate"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"fordi","lemma":"fordi","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er (egoistisk)","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to egoistisk","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"egoistisk","lemma":"egoistisk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"predicate adjective, complement of er","gloss":"egoistic"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links er...egoistisk and passer...her","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"passer","lemma":"passe","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with er (second)","gloss":"fits"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies passer","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"her","lemma":"her","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies passer","gloss":"here"}]},{"number":81,"label":"81","id":"problema-ii-s81","source":"Betragter jeg derimod Opgaven som et Paradox, saa forstaaer jeg den 9: jeg forstaaer den saaledes, som man kan forstaae et Paradox.","translation":"If, on the other hand, I regard the task as a paradox, then I understand it — that is, I understand it in the way one can understand a paradox.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"9:","title":"«9:» — the old 'that is' sign again","body":"Once more «9:» is the typographer's 'scilicet / det vil sige' (that is, namely) mark, OCR-read as the digit 9 (compare s7, s47). To understand faith's demand 'as a paradox' is the only way to understand it at all — not by resolving it, but by grasping that it cannot be resolved into the universal. «Betragter jeg … saa forstaaer jeg» uses verb-first word order after the fronted clause."}],"words":[{"surface":"Betragter","lemma":"betragte","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the conditional clause (verb-first if-clause, no hvis)","gloss":"regard","note":"Verb-first word order without 'hvis' forms a conditional: 'Betragter jeg...' = 'If I regard...'"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Betragter","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"derimod","lemma":"derimod","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Betragter","gloss":"on the other hand"},{"surface":"Opgaven","lemma":"Opgave","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"direct object of Betragter","gloss":"the task"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the predicate Paradox","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Paradox","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Paradox","lemma":"Paradox","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement via som, oblique complement of Betragter","gloss":"paradox"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"resumes the main clause, modifies forstaaer (first)","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"forstaaer","lemma":"forstaae","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the main clause","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of forstaaer (first)","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of forstaaer (first)","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of forstaaer (second)","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"forstaaer","lemma":"forstaae","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb, restates the previous clause","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of forstaaer (second)","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forstaaer (second)","gloss":"thus"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the manner clause on saaledes","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of forstaae","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of forstaae","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"forstaae","lemma":"forstaae","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"relative clause on saaledes","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Paradox","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Paradox","lemma":"Paradox","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of forstaae","gloss":"paradox"}]},{"number":82,"label":"82","id":"problema-ii-s82","source":"Den absolute Pligt kan da bringe til at gjøre, hvad Ethiken vilde forbyde, men den kan ingenlunde bringe Troens Ridder til at lade være at elske.","translation":"The absolute duty can then bring one to do what ethics would forbid, but it can in no way bring the knight of faith to leave off loving.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"absolute Pligt / Ethiken","title":"«den absolute Pligt» vs. «Ethiken» — the closing thesis","body":"The section's resolving claim: the «absolute Pligt» (absolute duty) toward God can require an act that «Ethiken» (ethics) would forbid — Abraham's sacrifice — yet it never demands that the knight of faith stop loving. Abraham does not hate Isaac; he loves him absolutely even as he obeys. «ingenlunde» = by no means; «lade være at» = to refrain from, leave off."}],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Pligt","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"absolute","lemma":"absolut","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Pligt","gloss":"absolute"},{"surface":"Pligt","lemma":"Pligt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bringe (first)","gloss":"duty"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of bringe (first)","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bringe (first)","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"bringe","lemma":"bringe","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"bring"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of gjøre","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"infinitive marker introducing gjøre","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"gjøre","lemma":"gjøre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial complement of bringe (first)","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of gjøre, introduces the clause of vilde","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"Ethiken","lemma":"Ethik","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"subject of vilde","gloss":"ethics"},{"surface":"vilde","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"modal auxiliary, governs forbyde","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"forbyde","lemma":"forbyde","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of vilde","gloss":"forbid"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bringe (second)","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of bringe (second)","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"ingenlunde","lemma":"ingenlunde","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bringe (second)","gloss":"in no way"},{"surface":"bringe","lemma":"bringe","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with bringe (first)","gloss":"bring"},{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular, definite","role":"modifies Ridder","gloss":"faith's"},{"surface":"Ridder","lemma":"Ridder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of bringe (second)","gloss":"knight"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of lade","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"infinitive marker introducing lade","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"lade","lemma":"lade","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial complement of bringe (second)","gloss":"leave off","note":"Idiom: 'lade være at' + infinitive = 'to refrain from / stop doing' something."},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of lade (idiom lade være at)","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"infinitive marker introducing elske","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"elske","lemma":"elske","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement within the lade være at idiom","gloss":"loving"}]},{"number":83,"label":"83","id":"problema-ii-s83","source":"Dette viser Abraham.","translation":"This is what Abraham shows.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of viser, fronted","gloss":"this","note":"Fronted object: literally 'this, Abraham shows' — Abraham is the subject, not the object."},{"surface":"viser","lemma":"vise","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"shows"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of viser","gloss":"Abraham"}]},{"number":84,"label":"84","id":"problema-ii-s84","source":"I det Øieblik, han vil offre Isaak, da er det ethiske Udtryk for hvad han gjør dette: han hader Isaak.","translation":"In the moment when he means to sacrifice Isaac, the ethical expression for what he is doing is this: he hates Isaac.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"det ethiske Udtryk","title":"«det ethiske Udtryk» — the ethical expression","body":"«det Ethiske» (the ethical) is, in this book, the universal — what holds for everyone. Judged by it alone, Abraham's deed can only be described as hatred and murder; faith is what gives it another name. Period orthography: «Øieblik» (modern «øjeblik»), «gjør» (with «gj», modern «gør»), capitalized nouns «Udtryk»."}],"words":[{"surface":"I","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Øieblik","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Øieblik","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Øieblik","lemma":"Øieblik","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of I, modified by the han vil offre clause","gloss":"moment"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vil","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"vil","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"modal auxiliary, governs offre (relative clause on Øieblik)","gloss":"means to"},{"surface":"offre","lemma":"offre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of vil, direct object Isaak","gloss":"sacrifice"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of offre","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"resumes the main clause, modifies er","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to dette","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Udtryk","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ethiske","lemma":"ethisk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Udtryk","gloss":"ethical"},{"surface":"Udtryk","lemma":"Udtryk","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"expression"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking the hvad-clause, modifies Udtryk","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"introduces the clause of gjør, direct object of gjør","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjør","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"gjør","lemma":"gjøre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"verb of the hvad-clause, object of for","gloss":"does"},{"surface":"dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hader","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hader","lemma":"hade","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the explanatory clause after the colon","gloss":"hates"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of hader","gloss":"Isaac"}]},{"number":85,"label":"85","id":"problema-ii-s85","source":"Men dersom han virkelig hader Isaak, saa kan han være rolig for, at Gud ikke forlanger det af ham; thi Kain og Abraham ere ikke identiske.","translation":"But if he really hates Isaac, then he can rest assured that God is not demanding this of him; for Cain and Abraham are not identical.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"dersom … thi","title":"«dersom» — if; «thi» — for","body":"«dersom» is the formal conditional 'if' (alternative to «hvis»); «thi» is an archaic, weighty 'for / because' that Kierkegaard uses constantly to chain his reasoning. «ere» is the old plural form of 'are' (modern «er»). Period spelling: «saa» (modern «så»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links to the previous sentence","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"dersom","lemma":"dersom","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hader","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hader","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"virkelig","lemma":"virkelig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hader","gloss":"really"},{"surface":"hader","lemma":"hade","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the dersom-clause","gloss":"hates"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of hader","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"resumes the main clause, modifies være rolig","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of være","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of være","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to rolig","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"rolig","lemma":"rolig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate adjective, complement of være","gloss":"assured","note":"Idiom: 'være rolig for, at...' = 'to rest assured that...'"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the at-clause, complement of rolig","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of forlanger","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of forlanger","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forlanger","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"forlanger","lemma":"forlange","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"verb of the at-clause, complement of rolig","gloss":"demands"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of forlanger","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ham","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"object of af","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"coordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the explanatory clause of ere","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"Kain","lemma":"Kain","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of ere","gloss":"Cain"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links Kain and Abraham","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"coordinated with Kain","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"ere","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to identiske","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies identiske","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"identiske","lemma":"identisk","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"predicate adjective, complement of ere","gloss":"identical"}]},{"number":86,"label":"86","id":"problema-ii-s86","source":"Isaak maa han elske af hele sin Sjæl; idet Gud fordrer ham, maa han elske ham, om mulig endnu højere, og kun da kan han offre ham; thi denne Kjærlighed til Isaak er det jo, der ved sin paradoxe Modsætning til hans Kjærlighed til Gud gjør hans Gjerning til et Offer.","translation":"Isaac he must love with his whole soul; when God demands him, he must love him, if possible, even higher, and only then can he sacrifice him; for it is precisely this love for Isaac that, by its paradoxical opposition to his love for God, makes his deed a sacrifice.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Kjærlighed","title":"«Kjærlighed» — love","body":"«Kjærlighed» = love (modern «kærlighed»), spelled with «Kj» in the period orthography. The paradox is sharp here: only because Abraham loves Isaac to the utmost does giving him up count as a sacrifice rather than mere obedience. Note «Gjerning» (deed, modern «gerning») and «højere» (higher)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of elske, fronted for emphasis","gloss":"Isaac","note":"Object fronted for emphasis: 'Isaak maa han elske' = 'Isaac, he must love' (not 'Isaac must love him')."},{"surface":"maa","lemma":"maatte","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of elske","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of elske","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"elske","lemma":"elske","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of maa, direct object Isaak (fronted)","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Sjæl","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"hele","lemma":"hel","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Sjæl","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Sjæl","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Sjæl","lemma":"Sjæl","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of elske","gloss":"soul"},{"surface":"idet","lemma":"idet","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fordrer","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fordrer","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"fordrer","lemma":"fordre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the idet-clause","gloss":"demands"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of fordrer","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"maa","lemma":"maatte","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of elske (second), main clause resumes","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of elske (second)","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"elske","lemma":"elske","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of maa (second)","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of elske (second)","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the idiom om mulig, modifies højere","gloss":"if","note":"Idiom: 'om mulig' = 'if possible.'"},{"surface":"mulig","lemma":"mulig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"part of the idiom om mulig","gloss":"possible"},{"surface":"endnu","lemma":"endnu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies højere","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"højere","lemma":"høj","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"modifies elske (second), used adverbially","gloss":"higher"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"kun","lemma":"kun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies da","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kan offre, resumes the clause","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of offre","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of offre","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"offre","lemma":"offre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of kan","gloss":"sacrifice"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of offre","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"coordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the explanatory clause (denne Kjærlighed...)","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"denne","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Kjærlighed","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Kjærlighed","lemma":"Kjærlighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er, fronted for focus (cleft: 'Kjærlighed er det, der gjør...')","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Isaak","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"object of til, modifies Kjærlighed","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to det","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"cleft-forming pronoun, predicate of er","gloss":"it","note":"Cleft construction: 'X er det, der V' = 'it is X that V's' — det is a placeholder, not a normal object."},{"surface":"jo","lemma":"jo","morphology":"adverb","role":"discourse particle, emphasizes the cleft assertion","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"relative pronoun, subject of gjør","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Modsætning, modifies gjør","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Modsætning","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"paradoxe","lemma":"paradox","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular, definite","role":"modifies Modsætning","gloss":"paradoxical"},{"surface":"Modsætning","lemma":"Modsætning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of ved","gloss":"opposition"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Kjærlighed (second)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Kjærlighed (second)","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Kjærlighed","lemma":"Kjærlighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of til, modifies Modsætning","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Gud","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of til, modifies Kjærlighed (second)","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"gjør","lemma":"gjøre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the relative clause introduced by der","gloss":"makes"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Gjerning","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Gjerning","lemma":"Gjerning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of gjør","gloss":"deed"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Offer (gjør...til = makes...into)","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Offer","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Offer","lemma":"Offer","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement (gjør...til), object of til","gloss":"sacrifice"}]},{"number":87,"label":"87","id":"problema-ii-s87","source":"Men dette er Nøden og Angesten i Paradoxet, at han, menneskeligt talt, aldeles ikke kan gjøre sig forstaaelig.","translation":"But this is the distress and the anguish in the paradox: that he, humanly speaking, simply cannot make himself understood.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Angest","title":"«Angest» — anguish, dread","body":"«Angest» (here «Angesten», the definite form) is dread/anxiety — the word that gives Kierkegaard's later «Begrebet Angest» (The Concept of Anxiety) its title. Paired with «Nøden» (distress, need), it names the inner state of the paradox. Period spelling «Angest» (modern «angst») and «forstaaelig» (with doubled «aa», modern «forståelig»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links to the previous sentence","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Nøden","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"Nøden","lemma":"Nød","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"the distress"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links Nøden and Angesten","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Angesten","lemma":"Angest","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"coordinated with Nøden","gloss":"the anguish"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Paradoxet","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Paradoxet","lemma":"Paradox","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"object of i, modifies Nøden og Angesten","gloss":"the paradox"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause explaining Nøden og Angesten","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjøre","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"menneskeligt","lemma":"menneskeligt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies talt","gloss":"humanly"},{"surface":"talt","lemma":"tale","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"parenthetical: menneskeligt talt = humanly speaking","gloss":"speaking"},{"surface":"aldeles","lemma":"aldeles","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ikke","gloss":"simply"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kan gjøre","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gjøre","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"gjøre","lemma":"gjøre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the at-clause, complement of kan","gloss":"make"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of gjøre","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"forstaaelig","lemma":"forstaaelig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate adjective, complement of gjøre","gloss":"understood"}]},{"number":88,"label":"88","id":"problema-ii-s88","source":"Kun i det Øieblik, da hans Gjerning er i absolut Modsigelse med hans Følelse, kun da offrer han lsaak, men hans Gjernings Realitet er det, hvorved han tilhører det Almene, og der er og bliver han en Morder.","translation":"Only in the moment when his deed is in absolute contradiction with his feeling, only then does he sacrifice Isaac; but the reality of his deed is what makes him belong to the universal, and there he is and remains a murderer.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"det Almene","title":"«det Almene» — the universal","body":"«det Almene» = the universal, the general — what holds for everyone, the realm of the ethical. Measured by it, the outward reality of Abraham's act is murder, however the inwardness of faith renames it. («lsaak» here is an OCR slip for «Isaak».)"}],"words":[{"surface":"Kun","lemma":"kun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies i det Øieblik (only)","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Øieblik","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Øieblik","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Øieblik","lemma":"Øieblik","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of i, head of the phrase","gloss":"moment"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the relative clause modifying Øieblik","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Gjerning","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Gjerning","lemma":"Gjerning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"deed"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking Gjerning to Modsigelse","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Modsigelse","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"absolut","lemma":"absolut","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Modsigelse","gloss":"absolute"},{"surface":"Modsigelse","lemma":"modsigelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of i, predicate complement of er","gloss":"contradiction"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Følelse","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Følelse","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Følelse","lemma":"Følelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of med, modifies Modsigelse","gloss":"feeling"},{"surface":"kun","lemma":"kun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies offrer","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies offrer","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"offrer","lemma":"offre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sacrifices"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of offrer","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"lsaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of offrer","gloss":"Isaac","note":"OCR renders the capital “I” in “Isaak” as a lowercase “l.”"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Gjernings","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Gjernings","lemma":"Gjerning","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Realitet","gloss":"deed's"},{"surface":"Realitet","lemma":"realitet","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"reality"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking Realitet to det","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"hvorved","lemma":"hvorved","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the relative clause on det","gloss":"whereby"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tilhører","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"tilhører","lemma":"tilhøre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on det","gloss":"belongs to"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"Almene","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of tilhører","gloss":"universal"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence adverb, modifies er/bliver (there, in that respect)","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb, coordinated with bliver","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bliver","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with er","gloss":"remains"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er and bliver","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Morder","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Morder","lemma":"Morder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er and bliver","gloss":"murderer"}]},{"number":89,"label":"89","id":"problema-ii-s89","source":"Stedet hos Lucas maa fremdeles forstaaes saaledes, at man indseer, at Troens Ridder ikke faaer nogetsomhelst højere Udtryk af det Almene (som det Ethiske), hvori han kan frelse sig.","translation":"The passage in Luke must further be understood so that one sees that the knight of faith receives no higher expression whatsoever from the universal (as the ethical) in which he might save himself.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Troens Ridder","title":"«Troens Ridder» — the knight of faith","body":"«Troens Ridder» = the knight of faith, Kierkegaard's figure for the one who, like Abraham, holds to the absolute relation to God beyond the universal. «Stedet hos Lucas» refers to Luke 14:26 ('if anyone... hate not his father and mother...'). Period spelling: «forstaaes» (modern «forstås»), «faaer» (modern «får»), «indseer» (modern «indser»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Stedet","lemma":"sted","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of forstaaes","gloss":"the passage"},{"surface":"hos","lemma":"hos","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Lucas","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Lucas","lemma":"Lucas","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies Stedet","gloss":"Luke"},{"surface":"maa","lemma":"maa","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of forstaaes","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"fremdeles","lemma":"fremdeles","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forstaaes","gloss":"further"},{"surface":"forstaaes","lemma":"forstaae","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"be understood"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forstaaes, anticipates the at-clause","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of indseer","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of indseer","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"indseer","lemma":"indse","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause introduced by at","gloss":"sees"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of faaer","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Ridder","gloss":"faith's"},{"surface":"Ridder","lemma":"Ridder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of faaer","gloss":"knight"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies faaer","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"faaer","lemma":"faae","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause governed by at","gloss":"receives"},{"surface":"nogetsomhelst","lemma":"nogetsomhelst","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Udtryk","gloss":"whatsoever"},{"surface":"højere","lemma":"høj","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"modifies Udtryk","gloss":"higher"},{"surface":"Udtryk","lemma":"Udtryk","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of faaer","gloss":"expression"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Almene","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"Almene","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of af","gloss":"universal"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the parenthetical, marking Ethiske","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Ethiske","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Ethiske","lemma":"Ethiske","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"in apposition to Almene","gloss":"ethical"},{"surface":"hvori","lemma":"hvori","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of frelse, modifies Almene","gloss":"in which"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of frelse","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of frelse","gloss":"might"},{"surface":"frelse","lemma":"frelse","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the clause introduced by hvori","gloss":"save"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of frelse","gloss":"himself"}]},{"number":90,"label":"90","id":"problema-ii-s90","source":"Naar man saaledes lod Kirken kræve dette Offer af et Medlem i den, saa have vi kun en tragisk Helt.","translation":"If one were thus to let the Church demand this sacrifice of one of its members, then we would have only a tragic hero.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"tragisk Helt","title":"«tragisk Helt» — tragic hero","body":"The «tragisk Helt» (tragic hero, like Agamemnon) sacrifices within the ethical, for a higher expression of the universal — and so remains intelligible to all. He is Kierkegaard's foil to the knight of faith, who has no such shelter in the universal. «have» is the old plural 'we have' (modern «har»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Naar","lemma":"naar","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the conditional clause","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of lod","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lod","gloss":"thus"},{"surface":"lod","lemma":"lade","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the subordinate clause","gloss":"were to let"},{"surface":"Kirken","lemma":"Kirke","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of lod, logical subject of kræve","gloss":"the Church"},{"surface":"kræve","lemma":"kræve","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of lod","gloss":"demand"},{"surface":"dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Offer","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Offer","lemma":"Offer","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of kræve","gloss":"sacrifice"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Medlem","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Medlem","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Medlem","lemma":"Medlem","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of af","gloss":"member"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking den","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"object of i, refers to Kirken","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies have","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"have","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the main clause","gloss":"would have"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of have","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"kun","lemma":"kun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies have","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Helt","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"tragisk","lemma":"tragisk","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Helt","gloss":"tragic"},{"surface":"Helt","lemma":"helt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of have","gloss":"hero"}]},{"number":91,"label":"91","id":"problema-ii-s91","source":"Kirkens Idee er nemlig ikke qvalitativ forskjellig fra Statens, saasnart den Enkelte ved en simpel Mediation kan komme ind i den, og saa snart den Enkelte er kommen ind i Paradoxet, kommer han ikke til Kirkens Idee; han kommer ikke ud af Paradoxet, men maa enten finde sin Salighed deri, eller sin Fortabelse.","translation":"For the idea of the Church is not qualitatively different from that of the State, as soon as the single individual can enter it by a simple mediation; and as soon as the single individual has entered the paradox, he does not arrive at the idea of the Church — he does not come out of the paradox, but must find in it either his salvation or his perdition.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Mediation","title":"«Mediation» — mediation","body":"«Mediation» is the Hegelian term for reconciling the individual with the universal through a higher synthesis. Kierkegaard's whole point is that the paradox of faith cannot be mediated: the individual stays in it. Period spelling «qvalitativ» (with «qv», modern «kvalitativt») and «forskjellig» (with «kj», modern «forskellig»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Kirkens","lemma":"Kirke","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Idee","gloss":"Church's"},{"surface":"Idee","lemma":"Idee","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"idea"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking Idee to forskjellig","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"nemlig","lemma":"nemlig","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence adverb, modifies er (explanatory: for)","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forskjellig","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"qvalitativ","lemma":"qvalitativ","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forskjellig","gloss":"qualitatively"},{"surface":"forskjellig","lemma":"forskjellig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"different"},{"surface":"fra","lemma":"fra","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Statens","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"Statens","lemma":"Stat","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"object of fra","gloss":"the State's"},{"surface":"saasnart","lemma":"saasnart","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of komme","gloss":"as soon as"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"Enkelte","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of komme","gloss":"individual"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Mediation","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Mediation","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"simpel","lemma":"simpel","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Mediation","gloss":"simple"},{"surface":"Mediation","lemma":"Mediation","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of ved","gloss":"mediation"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of komme","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"komme","lemma":"komme","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the saasnart-clause","gloss":"enter"},{"surface":"ind","lemma":"ind","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on komme (phrasal: komme ind)","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking den","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"object of i, refers to Kirkens Idee","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of saa snart (as soon as)","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"snart","lemma":"snart","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of saa snart (as soon as), introduces the clause of kommer","gloss":"soon"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"Enkelte","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kommen","gloss":"individual"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of kommen (perfect tense)","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"kommen","lemma":"komme","morphology":"verb, past participle","role":"past participle with er, forms the perfect tense","gloss":"entered"},{"surface":"ind","lemma":"ind","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kommen (phrasal: komme ind)","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Paradoxet","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"Paradoxet","lemma":"Paradox","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of i","gloss":"the paradox"},{"surface":"kommer","lemma":"komme","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"arrives"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kommer","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kommer","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Kirkens Idee","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Kirkens","lemma":"Kirke","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Idee","gloss":"Church's"},{"surface":"Idee","lemma":"Idee","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of til","gloss":"idea"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kommer","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kommer","lemma":"komme","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause, parallel to preceding kommer","gloss":"comes"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kommer","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ud","lemma":"ud","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kommer (phrasal: komme ud)","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Paradoxet","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Paradoxet","lemma":"Paradox","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of af","gloss":"the paradox"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"maa","lemma":"maa","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of finde","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"enten","lemma":"enten","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies finde, correlative with eller","gloss":"either"},{"surface":"finde","lemma":"finde","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of maa","gloss":"find"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Salighed","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Salighed","lemma":"Salighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of finde","gloss":"salvation"},{"surface":"deri","lemma":"deri","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies finde","gloss":"in it"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinates Salighed and Fortabelse","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Fortabelse","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Fortabelse","lemma":"Fortabelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Salighed, direct object of finde","gloss":"perdition"}]},{"number":92,"label":"92","id":"problema-ii-s92","source":"En saadan kirkelig Helt udtrykker i sin Gjerning det Almene, og der skal Ingen være i Kirken, end ikke hans Fader og Moder o. s. v. uden at de forstaae ham.","translation":"Such an ecclesiastical hero expresses the universal in his deed, and there shall be no one in the Church, not even his father and mother and so on, without their understanding him.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"En","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Helt","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"saadan","lemma":"saadan","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Helt","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"kirkelig","lemma":"kirkelig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Helt","gloss":"ecclesiastical"},{"surface":"Helt","lemma":"helt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of udtrykker","gloss":"hero"},{"surface":"udtrykker","lemma":"udtrykke","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"expresses"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Gjerning","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Gjerning","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Gjerning","lemma":"Gjerning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of i","gloss":"deed"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"Almene","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of udtrykker","gloss":"universal"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive with skal","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause","gloss":"shall"},{"surface":"Ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of være","gloss":"no one"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of skal","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Kirken","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Kirken","lemma":"Kirke","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of i","gloss":"the Church"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"adverb","role":"forms the idiom end ikke (not even) with ikke, modifies Fader/Moder","gloss":"even","note":"“end ikke” is an idiom meaning “not even.”"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"second part of the idiom end ikke (not even), modifies Fader/Moder","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Fader","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Fader","lemma":"Fader","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"in apposition to Ingen","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Moder","lemma":"Moder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Fader","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"o.","lemma":"o.","morphology":"word","role":"part of the abbreviation o. s. v. (and so on), coordinated with Fader og Moder","gloss":"and","note":"“o. s. v.” abbreviates “og saa videre” (and so on / etc.)."},{"surface":"s.","lemma":"s.","morphology":"word","role":"part of the abbreviation o. s. v. (and so on)","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"v.","lemma":"v.","morphology":"word","role":"part of the abbreviation o. s. v. (and so on)","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"uden","lemma":"uden","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of forstaae","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of forstaae","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of forstaae","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"forstaae","lemma":"forstaae","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause introduced by uden at","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of forstaae","gloss":"him"}]},{"number":93,"label":"93","id":"problema-ii-s93","source":"Troens Ridder er han derimod ikke, og har ogsaa et andet Svar end Abrahams; han siger ikke, at det er en Prøvelse eller en Fristelse, hvori han forsøges.","translation":"A knight of faith, by contrast, he is not, and he also has a different answer from Abraham's; he does not say that it is a trial or a temptation in which he is being tested.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Prøvelse / Fristelse","title":"«Prøvelse» — trial; «Fristelse» — temptation","body":"«Prøvelse» = ordeal/trial (a testing one is put through), «Fristelse» = temptation. Abraham's distinctive answer is that his ordeal is precisely a «Prøvelse» — God's testing — which the merely ecclesiastical hero would never claim. Note the word order: «Troens Ridder er han derimod ikke» fronts the predicate for emphasis ('a knight of faith he is not')."}],"words":[{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Ridder","gloss":"faith's"},{"surface":"Ridder","lemma":"Ridder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er (fronted)","gloss":"knight"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking han to Ridder","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"derimod","lemma":"derimod","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er, sentence adverb","gloss":"by contrast"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with er, main verb of the clause","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"ogsaa","lemma":"ogsaa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies har","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Svar","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"andet","lemma":"anden","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"modifies Svar","gloss":"different"},{"surface":"Svar","lemma":"Svar","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"answer"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Abrahams","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"Abrahams","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun, genitive","role":"object of end, elliptical for Abrahams Svar","gloss":"Abraham's"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of siger","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"siger","lemma":"sige","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause","gloss":"says"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies siger","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Prøvelse","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Prøvelse","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Prøvelse","lemma":"Prøvelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"trial"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinates Prøvelse and Fristelse","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Fristelse","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Fristelse","lemma":"Fristelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Prøvelse","gloss":"temptation"},{"surface":"hvori","lemma":"hvori","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the relative clause on Prøvelse/Fristelse","gloss":"in which"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of forsøges","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"forsøges","lemma":"forsøge","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"relative clause on Prøvelse","gloss":"is being tested"}]},{"number":94,"label":"94","id":"problema-ii-s94","source":"Man afholder sig i Almindelighed fra at anføre saadanne Steder som det i Lucas.","translation":"People generally refrain from citing such passages as the one in Luke.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of afholder","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"afholder","lemma":"afholde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"refrain"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of afholder (reflexive verb afholde sig fra: refrain from)","gloss":"themselves","note":"“afholde sig fra” is a reflexive verb meaning “refrain from”; “sig” doesn’t translate as a separate English word."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Almindelighed","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Almindelighed","lemma":"Almindelighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of i","gloss":"general","note":"“i Almindelighed” is an idiom for “generally.”"},{"surface":"fra","lemma":"fra","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of anføre","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"infinitive marker before anføre","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"anføre","lemma":"anføre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of fra (object of afholder sig fra)","gloss":"citing"},{"surface":"saadanne","lemma":"saadan","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies Steder","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"Steder","lemma":"Sted","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of anføre","gloss":"passages"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking det","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"object of som, refers to Stedet","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Lucas","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Lucas","lemma":"Lucas","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies det","gloss":"Luke"}]},{"number":95,"label":"95","id":"problema-ii-s95","source":"Man frygter for at slaae Menneskene løs, man frygter, at det Værste skal skee, naar først den Enkelte behager al gerere sig som den Enkelte.","translation":"People are afraid of setting men loose; they fear that the worst will happen once the single individual takes it into his head to conduct himself as the single individual.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"gerere sig","title":"«gerere sig» — to conduct oneself","body":"«gerere sig» is from Latin se gerere, 'to bear/conduct oneself' — Kierkegaard slips a Latinism into the Danish. («al» here is an OCR slip for «at», the infinitive marker; «skee» is the old spelling of «ske», to happen.)"}],"words":[{"surface":"Man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of frygter","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"frygter","lemma":"frygte","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"are afraid"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of slaae","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of slaae","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"slaae","lemma":"slaae","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of for (object of frygter for)","gloss":"set"},{"surface":"Menneskene","lemma":"Menneskene","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of slaae","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"løs","lemma":"løs","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies slaae (phrasal: slaae løs)","gloss":"loose"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of frygter","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"frygter","lemma":"frygte","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with frygter","gloss":"fear"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of skee","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Værste","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Værste","lemma":"Værste","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of skee","gloss":"worst"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of skee","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"skee","lemma":"skee","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of frygter","gloss":"happen"},{"surface":"naar","lemma":"naar","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause, modifies skee","gloss":"once"},{"surface":"først","lemma":"først","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of naar først (once...at all), modifies behager","gloss":"at all"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"Enkelte","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of behager","gloss":"individual"},{"surface":"behager","lemma":"behage","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause introduced by naar","gloss":"sees fit"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces infinitive gerere (likely OCR misreading of “at”)","gloss":"to","note":"“al” here appears to be an OCR misreading of the infinitive marker “at”; read as “behager at gerere sig” (takes it into his head to conduct himself)."},{"surface":"gerere","lemma":"gerere","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of behager (via at)","gloss":"conduct"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of gerere","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Enkelte","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"Enkelte","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of som","gloss":"individual"}]},{"number":96,"label":"96","id":"problema-ii-s96","source":"Fremdeles mener man, at det at existere som den Enkelte er det Letteste af Alt, og derfor skal man netop tvinge Folk til at blive det Almene.","translation":"Furthermore, people think that to exist as the single individual is the easiest thing of all, and therefore one must precisely compel people to become the universal.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Fremdeles","lemma":"fremdeles","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies mener","gloss":"furthermore"},{"surface":"mener","lemma":"mene","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"think"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of mener","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er, nominalizes at existere","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"infinitive marker, introduces existere","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"existere","lemma":"existere","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"forms infinitive clause with det, subject of er","gloss":"exist"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Enkelte","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"Enkelte","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of som, modifies existere","gloss":"individual"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Letteste","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Letteste","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Letteste","lemma":"Letteste","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"easiest"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Alt","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Alt","lemma":"alt","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"object of af","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"derfor","lemma":"derfor","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies skal/tvinge","gloss":"therefore"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tvinge","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of tvinge","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"netop","lemma":"netop","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tvinge","gloss":"precisely"},{"surface":"tvinge","lemma":"tvinge","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of skal, main verb of the clause","gloss":"compel"},{"surface":"Folk","lemma":"Folk","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of tvinge","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of blive","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"infinitive marker, introduces blive","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"blive","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of til, copula linking Folk to Almene","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"Almene","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of blive","gloss":"universal"}]},{"number":97,"label":"97","id":"problema-ii-s97","source":"Jeg kan hverken dele hiin Frygt eller denne Mening, og det af samme Grund.","translation":"I can share neither that fear nor this opinion, and for the same reason.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"hiin … denne","title":"«hiin» — that (yonder)","body":"«hiin» (modern «hin») is an archaic demonstrative meaning 'that one yonder / the former,' here paired with «denne» ('this one / the latter') to point back to the two attitudes just described — the fear and the opinion."}],"words":[{"surface":"Jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of dele","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of dele","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"hverken","lemma":"hverken","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dele, correlative with eller","gloss":"neither"},{"surface":"dele","lemma":"dele","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"share"},{"surface":"hiin","lemma":"hiin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Frygt","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Frygt","lemma":"frygt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of dele","gloss":"fear"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinates Frygt and Mening","gloss":"nor"},{"surface":"denne","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Mening","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Mening","lemma":"Mening","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Frygt","gloss":"opinion"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"elliptical, refers to the preceding clause","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Grund","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"samme","lemma":"samme","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies Grund","gloss":"same"},{"surface":"Grund","lemma":"Grund","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of af","gloss":"reason"}]},{"number":98,"label":"98","id":"problema-ii-s98","source":"Den, som har lært, at det at existere som den Enkelte er det Forfærdeligste af Alt, han skal ikke være bange for at sige, at det er det Største, men han skal ogsaa sige det saaledes, at hans Ord neppe bliver en Snare for en Forvildet, men snarere hjælper ham ind i det Almene, om hans Ord end skaffe lidt Plads for det Store.","translation":"He who has learned that to exist as the single individual is the most terrible thing of all should not be afraid to say that it is the greatest; but he should also say it in such a way that his words barely become a snare for someone gone astray, but rather help him into the universal, even though his words make a little room for the great.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"det Forfærdeligste / det Største","title":"«det Forfærdeligste» — the most terrible","body":"Kierkegaard sets «det Forfærdeligste af Alt» (the most terrible of all) against «det Største» (the greatest): to exist as the single individual is both at once. «en Forvildet» = one who has gone astray. Period spelling «neppe» (modern «næppe»), «hjælper», and the subjunctive «skaffe» ('should make')."}],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"left-dislocated topic, resumed by han (w17)","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of lært","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of lært","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"lært","lemma":"lære","morphology":"verb, past participle","role":"main verb of relative clause on Den (with har)","gloss":"learned"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces object clause of lært","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"forms nominalized phrase det at existere, subject of er","gloss":"the [act of]","note":"'det at' + infinitive nominalizes the verb (like English '-ing'); det at existere = 'existing.'"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"infinitive marker","role":"introduces infinitive existere, with det forms subject of er","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"existere","lemma":"existere","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"forms nominalized subject det at existere, subject of er","gloss":"exist"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Enkelte, complement of existere","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"enkelt","morphology":"adjective, definite, used as noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of som, complement of existere","gloss":"single individual"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking det [at existere] to 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bange","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking han to bange","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"bange","lemma":"bange","morphology":"adjective","role":"predicate complement of være","gloss":"afraid"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces infinitive clause complement of bange","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"infinitive marker","role":"introduces infinitive sige","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"sige","lemma":"sige","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of for, depends on bange","gloss":"say"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces object clause of sige","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking det to Største","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Største","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Største","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, superlative, definite, used as noun","role":"predicate complement of er, object of sige","gloss":"greatest"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of skal (second clause)","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of sige","gloss":"should"},{"surface":"ogsaa","lemma":"også","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sige","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"sige","lemma":"sige","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of second clause (with skal)","gloss":"say"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of sige","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sige","gloss":"in such a way"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces result clause of Snare","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Ord","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Ord","lemma":"Ord","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural","role":"subject of bliver","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"neppe","lemma":"næppe","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bliver","gloss":"barely"},{"surface":"bliver","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula, main verb of clause, links Ord to Snare","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Snare","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Snare","lemma":"Snare","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of bliver","gloss":"snare"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Forvildet","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Forvildet","gloss":"someone"},{"surface":"Forvildet","lemma":"forvildet","morphology":"past participle used as noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of preposition for","gloss":"gone astray"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"snarere","lemma":"snarere","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hjælper","gloss":"rather"},{"surface":"hjælper","lemma":"hjælpe","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with bliver","gloss":"helps"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of hjælper","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"ind","lemma":"ind","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on hjælper","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces oblique complement Almene, depends on ind","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"almen","morphology":"adjective, definite, used as noun, singular","role":"object of preposition i","gloss":"universal"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces concessive clause (om...end), modifies hjælper","gloss":"even though","note":"om ... end (w58) is an archaic concessive pairing meaning 'even though.'"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Ord","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Ord","lemma":"Ord","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural","role":"subject of skaffe","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"adverb","role":"correlates with om (concessive)","gloss":"though"},{"surface":"skaffe","lemma":"skaffe","morphology":"verb, subjunctive","role":"main verb of concessive clause introduced by om...end","gloss":"make"},{"surface":"lidt","lemma":"lidt","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies Plads","gloss":"a little"},{"surface":"Plads","lemma":"plads","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of skaffe","gloss":"room"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Store","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Store","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Store","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, definite, used as noun, singular","role":"object of preposition for","gloss":"great"}]},{"number":99,"label":"99","id":"problema-ii-s99","source":"Den, der ikke tør nævne slige Steder, han tør heller ikke nævne Abraham, og det at mene, at det at existere som den Enkelte er nemt nok, indeholder em meget betænkelig indirekte Concession med Hensyn til sig selv; thi den, der virkelig har Agtelse for sig selv og Bekymring for sin Sjæl, han er forvisset om, at den, der lever under sit eget Opsyn ene i den ganske Verden, han lever mere strengt og indgetogent end en Pige i sit Jomfrubuur.","translation":"He who dares not name such passages dares not name Abraham either; and to think that to exist as the single individual is easy enough contains a very questionable indirect concession with respect to oneself — for he who really has respect for himself and concern for his soul is convinced that one who lives under his own supervision, alone in the whole world, lives more strictly and withdrawn than a maiden in her bower.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Jomfrubuur","title":"«Jomfrubuur» — maiden's bower","body":"«Jomfrubuur» is the sealed-off women's chamber of an old manor — a vivid image for inwardness lived under one's own watch. («em» is an OCR slip for «en»; «indgetogent» for «indgetogen / indtoget», withdrawn/modest.) Note «slige» = 'such' (archaic, modern «slige/sådanne») and «Concession», a Latinate loan."}],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"left-dislocated topic, resumed by han (w8)","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of nævne","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies nævne","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"tør","lemma":"turde","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of nævne","gloss":"dares"},{"surface":"nævne","lemma":"nævne","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"relative clause on Den","gloss":"name"},{"surface":"slige","lemma":"slig","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies Steder","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"Steder","lemma":"Sted","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of nævne","gloss":"passages"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tør, resumes Den","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"tør","lemma":"turde","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of nævne","gloss":"dares"},{"surface":"heller","lemma":"heller","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ikke","gloss":"either"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies nævne","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"nævne","lemma":"nævne","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of second main clause","gloss":"name"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of nævne","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinates the two main clauses of the sentence","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"forms nominalized subject det at mene, subject of indeholder","gloss":"the [act of]"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"infinitive marker","role":"introduces infinitive mene, forms subject with det","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"mene","lemma":"mene","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"forms nominalized subject with det, subject of indeholder","gloss":"think"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces object clause of mene","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"forms nominalized subject det at existere, subject of er","gloss":"the [act of]"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"infinitive marker","role":"introduces infinitive existere, with det forms subject of er","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"existere","lemma":"existere","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"forms nominalized subject with det, subject of er","gloss":"exist"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Enkelte, complement of existere","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"enkelt","morphology":"adjective, definite, used as noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of som, complement of existere","gloss":"single individual"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to nemt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"nemt","lemma":"nem","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"easy"},{"surface":"nok","lemma":"nok","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies nemt","gloss":"enough"},{"surface":"indeholder","lemma":"indeholde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of second main clause (coordinated with tør nævne)","gloss":"contains"},{"surface":"em","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Concession (direct object of indeholder)","gloss":"a","note":"Likely a printing variant of 'en' (the indefinite article)."},{"surface":"meget","lemma":"meget","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies betænkelig","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"betænkelig","lemma":"betænkelig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Concession","gloss":"questionable"},{"surface":"indirekte","lemma":"indirekte","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies Concession","gloss":"indirect"},{"surface":"Concession","lemma":"Concession","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of indeholder","gloss":"concession"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Hensyn","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Hensyn","lemma":"hensyn","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of med, modifies Concession","gloss":"regard"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sig, part of Hensyn til","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"object of til, complement of Hensyn","gloss":"oneself"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies sig","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces explanatory clause (coordinate with indeholder-clause)","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"left-dislocated topic, resumed by han (w53)","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of har","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"virkelig","lemma":"virkelig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies har","gloss":"really"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of relative clause on den","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"Agtelse","lemma":"Agtelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"respect"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sig","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"object of for, complement of Agtelse","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies sig","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Bekymring","lemma":"Bekymring","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Agtelse (direct object of har)","gloss":"concern"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Sjæl","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Sjæl","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Sjæl","lemma":"sjæl","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of for, complement of Bekymring","gloss":"soul"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of forvisset, resumes den (w40)","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of forvisset","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"forvisset","lemma":"forvisse","morphology":"verb, past participle","role":"main verb (with er) of main clause, predicate of han","gloss":"convinced"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces object clause (at-clause) of forvisset","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause, complement of om","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"topic of at-clause, resumed by han (w70)","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of lever (w60)","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"lever","lemma":"leve","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on den (der-clause)","gloss":"lives"},{"surface":"under","lemma":"under","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Opsyn","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Opsyn","gloss":"his own"},{"surface":"eget","lemma":"egen","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"modifies Opsyn","gloss":"own"},{"surface":"Opsyn","lemma":"Opsyn","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of under, oblique complement of lever","gloss":"supervision"},{"surface":"ene","lemma":"ene","morphology":"adjective","role":"predicative modifier of der, modifies lever","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Verden","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Verden","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ganske","lemma":"ganske","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Verden","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"Verden","lemma":"verden","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of i, oblique complement of lever","gloss":"world"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lever (w71), resumes den (w58)","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"lever","lemma":"leve","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of at-clause (complement of om), predicate of han","gloss":"lives"},{"surface":"mere","lemma":"mere","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies strengt","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"strengt","lemma":"strengt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lever","gloss":"strictly"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"indgetogent","lemma":"indgetogen","morphology":"adjective, neuter form used adverbially","role":"coordinated with strengt, modifies lever","gloss":"reservedly","note":"Archaic word (borrowed from German eingezogen) meaning withdrawn, secluded, unassuming."},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces comparative phrase en Pige","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Pige","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Pige","lemma":"Pige","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"complement of end (comparison)","gloss":"maiden"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Jomfrubuur","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Jomfrubuur","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"Jomfrubuur","lemma":"Jomfrubuur","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of i, within comparative phrase","gloss":"bower"}]},{"number":100,"label":"100","id":"problema-ii-s100","source":"At der kan være dem, der behøve Tvang, dem, der, hvis de bleve satie paa fri Fod, vilde som ubændige Dyr tumle sig i selvisk Lyst, er vel sandt, men man skal netop vise, at man ikke hører til dem, derved, at man veed at tale med Angst og Bævelse, og tale skal man af Ærbødighed for det Store, at det ikke glemmes af Frygt for Skaden, der vel vil udeblive, naar der tales saaledes, at man veed, det er det Store, veed dets Rædsler, og uden dette veed man heller ei dets Storhed.","translation":"That there may be those who need compulsion — those who, if set free, would like unbridled beasts wallow in selfish lust — is true enough; but one must precisely show that one does not belong to them, by knowing how to speak with fear and trembling, and speak one must, out of reverence for the great, so that it not be forgotten out of fear of the harm — which will surely fail to come when one speaks in such a way that one knows it is the great, knows its terrors, and without this one does not know its grandeur either.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Angst og Bævelse","title":"«Angst og Bævelse» — fear and trembling","body":"«med Angst og Bævelse» = 'with fear and trembling' — the book's own title (Frygt og Bæven), echoing Philippians 2:12. Here it names how one must speak of faith's terrors. («satie» is an OCR slip for «sattes/sattes»; «ei» = 'not,' archaic, modern «ej».)"}],"words":[{"surface":"At","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the subject clause of er (w27)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive with være","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of være","gloss":"may"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the At-clause (existential der være), governed by kan","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"logical subject of være (existential der ... være dem)","gloss":"those"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of behøve","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"behøve","lemma":"behøve","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on dem","gloss":"need"},{"surface":"Tvang","lemma":"Tvang","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of behøve","gloss":"compulsion"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"appositive to dem (w5)","gloss":"those"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of vilde tumle (relative clause on dem, w9)","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"hvis","lemma":"hvis","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces conditional clause, modifies vilde","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of bleve","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"bleve","lemma":"blive","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, plural, active","role":"auxiliary of satie (passive)","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"satie","lemma":"sætte","morphology":"verb, past participle","role":"predicate with bleve (passive: blev sat), within conditional clause","gloss":"set","note":"Likely a printing variant of 'satte' (past participle of sætte); sat paa fri Fod = 'set free.'"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Fod","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"fri","lemma":"fri","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Fod","gloss":"free"},{"surface":"Fod","lemma":"Fod","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of paa (idiom: sat paa fri Fod = set free)","gloss":"foot"},{"surface":"vilde","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, plural, active","role":"auxiliary of tumle (main verb of relative clause on dem/der, w9/w10)","gloss":"would","note":"Archaic past tense of ville ('would'), not the adjective vild ('wild')."},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dyr","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"ubændige","lemma":"ubændig","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies Dyr","gloss":"unbridled"},{"surface":"Dyr","lemma":"dyr","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural","role":"object of som, complement of tumle","gloss":"beasts"},{"surface":"tumle","lemma":"tumle","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of relative clause on dem/der, governed by vilde","gloss":"wallow"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of tumle","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Lyst","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"selvisk","lemma":"selvisk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Lyst","gloss":"selfish"},{"surface":"Lyst","lemma":"Lyst","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of tumle","gloss":"lust"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence (copula), links the At-clause (subject) to sandt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"vel","lemma":"vel","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sandt","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"sandt","lemma":"sandt","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"true"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of vise","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of vise","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"netop","lemma":"netop","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vise","gloss":"precisely"},{"surface":"vise","lemma":"vise","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of second main clause (with skal)","gloss":"show"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces object clause of vise","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of hører","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hører","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"hører","lemma":"høre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of object clause of vise (høre til = belong to)","gloss":"belongs"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem, part of høre til","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"object of til, complement of hører","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"derved","lemma":"derved","morphology":"adverb","role":"adjunct of vise (means, 'thereby'), anticipates the following at-clause (derved, at man veed at tale...)","gloss":"by this"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces clause correlating with derved","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of veed","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"veed","lemma":"vide","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of at-clause (correlate of derved)","gloss":"knows","note":"Archaic spelling of 'ved', present tense of vide ('to know')."},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"infinitive marker","role":"introduces infinitive tale, complement of veed","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"tale","lemma":"tale","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of veed (veed at tale = knows how to speak)","gloss":"speak"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Angst","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Angst","lemma":"angst","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of tale","gloss":"fear"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Bævelse","lemma":"bævelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Angst","gloss":"trembling"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinates the vise-clause and the tale skal man-clause","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tale","lemma":"tale","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"fronted infinitive complement of skal (topicalized: tale skal man)","gloss":"speak"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tale (topicalized infinitive), governs man as subject","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of skal (tale skal man)","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Ærbødighed","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"Ærbødighed","lemma":"Ærbødighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of af, adjunct of tale (reason)","gloss":"reverence"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Store, part of Ærbødighed for","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Store","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Store","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, definite, used as noun, singular","role":"object of preposition for, complement of Ærbødighed","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces purpose clause modifying tale (so that)","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of glemmes","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies glemmes","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"glemmes","lemma":"glemme","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"main verb of purpose clause introduced by at (w60)","gloss":"be forgotten"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Frygt","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"Frygt","lemma":"frygt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of glemmes","gloss":"fear"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Skaden, part of Frygt for","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Skaden","lemma":"skade","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of for, complement of Frygt","gloss":"the harm"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of udeblive","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"vel","lemma":"vel","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies udeblive","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"vil","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of udeblive","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"udeblive","lemma":"udeblive","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of relative clause on Skaden, with vil","gloss":"fail to come"},{"surface":"naar","lemma":"naar","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces temporal clause","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive with tales","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"tales","lemma":"tale","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of naar-clause (temporal), impersonal passive","gloss":"speaks"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tales","gloss":"in such a way"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces result clause of saaledes","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of veed","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"veed","lemma":"vide","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of result clause (introduced by at, w76)","gloss":"knows"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula, complement clause of veed (paratactic: man veed, det er det Store)","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Store","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Store","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, definite, used as noun, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"veed","lemma":"vide","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"second main verb, coordinated with veed (w78), subject man (w77)","gloss":"knows"},{"surface":"dets","lemma":"dets","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Rædsler","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"Rædsler","lemma":"Rædsel","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of veed (w83)","gloss":"terrors"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"uden","lemma":"uden","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces adjunct (uden dette = without this)","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"dette","lemma":"dette","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"object of uden","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"veed","lemma":"vide","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of final clause, negated by heller ei","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of veed (w89)","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"heller","lemma":"heller","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ei","gloss":"either"},{"surface":"ei","lemma":"ej","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies veed (negation, with heller)","gloss":"not","note":"Archaic form of ikke/ej ('not'); heller ei = 'nor ... either.'"},{"surface":"dets","lemma":"dets","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Storhed","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"Storhed","lemma":"Storhed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of veed (w89)","gloss":"grandeur"}]},{"number":101,"label":"101","id":"problema-ii-s101","source":"Lad os saa lidt nærmere overveie Nøden og ÅAngesten i Troens Paradox.","translation":"Let us then consider a little more closely the distress and the anguish in the paradox of faith.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Troens Paradox","title":"«Troens Paradox» — the paradox of faith","body":"«Paradoxet» is the master term of this section: faith as the single individual standing higher than the universal, which thought cannot mediate. («ÅAngesten» is an OCR doubling — read «Angesten», the anguish. «Nøden» = distress/need.)"}],"words":[{"surface":"Lad","lemma":"lade","morphology":"verb, imperative","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"let"},{"surface":"os","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of Lad","gloss":"us"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Lad","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"lidt","lemma":"lidt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies nærmere","gloss":"a little"},{"surface":"nærmere","lemma":"nær","morphology":"adverb, comparative","role":"modifies overveie","gloss":"more closely"},{"surface":"overveie","lemma":"overveje","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of Lad (Lad os overveie = let us consider)","gloss":"consider"},{"surface":"Nøden","lemma":"nød","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"direct object of overveie","gloss":"the distress"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ÅAngesten","lemma":"angest","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"coordinated with Nøden, direct object of overveie","gloss":"the anguish","note":"Printing artifact for 'Angesten' (archaic spelling of angsten, 'the anguish')."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Troens","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Paradox","gloss":"faith's"},{"surface":"Paradox","lemma":"paradox","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of preposition i","gloss":"paradox"}]},{"number":102,"label":"102","id":"problema-ii-s102","source":"Den tragiske Helt resignerer paa sig selv for at udtrykke det Almene, Troens Ridder resignerer paa det Almene for at blive den Enkelte.","translation":"The tragic hero resigns himself in order to express the universal; the knight of faith resigns the universal in order to become the single individual.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"resignerer paa","title":"«resignere paa» — to resign, give up","body":"«resignere paa» = to renounce/give up (something). This is the pivotal antithesis: the tragic hero gives up himself FOR the universal; the knight of faith gives up the universal ITSELF to become the single individual. «Resignation» is the movement of infinite renunciation that precedes faith in Kierkegaard's scheme."}],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Helt","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tragiske","lemma":"tragisk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Helt","gloss":"tragic"},{"surface":"Helt","lemma":"helt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of resignerer","gloss":"hero"},{"surface":"resignerer","lemma":"resignere","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of first clause","gloss":"resigns"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sig","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"oblique complement of resignerer","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies sig","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of udtrykke","gloss":"in order"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"infinitive marker","role":"introduces infinitive udtrykke (for at = in order to)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"udtrykke","lemma":"udtrykke","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"purpose infinitive clause modifying resignerer","gloss":"express"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"almen","morphology":"adjective, definite, used as noun, singular","role":"direct object of udtrykke","gloss":"universal"},{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Ridder","gloss":"faith's"},{"surface":"Ridder","lemma":"Ridder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of resignerer (second clause)","gloss":"knight"},{"surface":"resignerer","lemma":"resignere","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of second clause","gloss":"resigns"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces oblique complement det Almene","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"almen","morphology":"adjective, definite, used as noun, singular","role":"object of paa, oblique complement of resignerer","gloss":"universal"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of blive","gloss":"in order"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"infinitive marker","role":"introduces infinitive blive (for at = in order to)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"blive","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"purpose infinitive clause, copula linking Ridder to Enkelte","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"enkelt","morphology":"adjective, definite, used as noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of blive","gloss":"single individual"}]},{"number":103,"label":"103","id":"problema-ii-s103","source":"Som sagt Alt beroer paa, hvorledes man er stillet.","translation":"As said, everything depends on how one is situated.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Som","lemma":"som","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sagt (idiom: som sagt = as said)","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"sagt","lemma":"sige","morphology":"verb, past participle","role":"complement of som, parenthetical","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Alt","lemma":"alt","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of beroer","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"beroer","lemma":"beroe","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"depends"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces clause complement of beroer (beroer paa = depends on)","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"hvorledes","lemma":"hvorledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause, complement of paa","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of stillet","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of stillet","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"stillet","lemma":"stille","morphology":"verb, past participle","role":"main verb of clause introduced by hvorledes (with er), complement of paa","gloss":"situated"}]},{"number":104,"label":"104","id":"problema-ii-s104","source":"Den, som troer, at det er nemt nok at være den Enkelte, han kan altid være sikker paa, at han ikke er Troens Ridder; thi løse Fugle og landstrygende Genier de ere ikke Troens Mænd.","translation":"He who believes that it is easy enough to be the single individual can always be sure that he is not the knight of faith; for loose birds and vagabond geniuses are not men of faith.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"løse Fugle","title":"«løse Fugle» — loose birds","body":"«løse Fugle» (loose/footloose birds) and «landstrygende Genier» (vagabond geniuses) are dismissive images for the rootless rebel who mistakes himself for the knight of faith. The genuine individual is bound, not free-floating. «troer» = believes (modern «tror»); «ere» is the old plural 'are.'"}],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"left-dislocated topic, resumed by han (subject of kan)","gloss":"He","note":"Danish left-dislocation: 'Den...han' = 'The one who...he' — han later resumes this fronted topic."},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of troer, relative clause on Den","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"troer","lemma":"troe","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause verb, predicate of som","gloss":"believes"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er (det er nemt nok...)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er (expletive, anticipates at være den Enkelte)","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking det to nemt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"nemt","lemma":"nem","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"easy"},{"surface":"nok","lemma":"nok","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies nemt","gloss":"enough"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"infinitive marker (particle)","role":"introduces infinitive være (subject complement of nemt)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to Enkelte, subject complement of nemt","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"Enkelt","morphology":"adjective used as noun (substantival), common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of være","gloss":"single individual","note":"'den Enkelte' ('the single individual') is Kierkegaard's key technical term for the self before God, opposed to 'det Almene' (the universal/ethical)."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kan (resumes Den)","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of være sikker","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"altid","lemma":"altid","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies være sikker","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to sikker","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"sikker","lemma":"sikker","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of være (modifies han)","gloss":"sure"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the at-clause, complement of sikker","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er (han ikke er Troens Ridder)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking han to Ridder","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Ridder","gloss":"of faith"},{"surface":"Ridder","lemma":"Ridder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"knight"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"coordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause løse Fugle...ere ikke Troens Mænd","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"løse","lemma":"løs","morphology":"adjective, common gender, plural","role":"modifies Fugle","gloss":"loose"},{"surface":"Fugle","lemma":"Fugl","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"subject of ere (coordinated with Genier)","gloss":"birds"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links løse Fugle and landstrygende Genier","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"landstrygende","lemma":"landstryge","morphology":"verb, present, participle (used adjectivally)","role":"modifies Genier","gloss":"vagabond"},{"surface":"Genier","lemma":"Geni","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural","role":"subject of ere (coordinated with Fugle)","gloss":"geniuses"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"resumptive subject pronoun restating løse Fugle og landstrygende Genier, subject of ere","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"ere","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active, plural","role":"copula, links de to Mænd","gloss":"are","note":"'ere' is the archaic plural present tense of 'at være' (to be), used because the subject is plural; modern Danish uses 'er' for all persons/numbers."},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ere","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Mænd","gloss":"of faith"},{"surface":"Mænd","lemma":"Mand","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"predicate complement of ere","gloss":"men"}]},{"number":105,"label":"105","id":"problema-ii-s105","source":"Dennes Ridder derimod veed, at det er herligt at tilhøre det Almene.","translation":"The knight of this faith, by contrast, knows that it is glorious to belong to the universal.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"veed","title":"«veed» — knows","body":"«veed» is the period spelling of «ved» ('knows'); it recurs as an anaphora through the next several sentences ('he knows…, he knows…'). «herligt» = glorious/splendid. («Dennes Ridder» — literally 'this one's knight,' i.e. the knight of faith just contrasted.)"}],"words":[{"surface":"Dennes","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Ridder","gloss":"of this"},{"surface":"Ridder","lemma":"Ridder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of veed","gloss":"knight"},{"surface":"derimod","lemma":"derimod","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies veed","gloss":"by contrast"},{"surface":"veed","lemma":"vide","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb, governs the at-clause","gloss":"knows"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er (det er herligt...)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er (expletive, anticipates at tilhøre det Almene)","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking det to herligt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"herligt","lemma":"herlig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"glorious"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"infinitive marker (particle)","role":"introduces infinitive tilhøre (subject complement of herligt)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"tilhøre","lemma":"tilhøre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"subject complement of herligt","gloss":"belong to"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"Almen","morphology":"adjective used as noun (substantival), neuter, singular","role":"direct object of tilhøre","gloss":"universal","note":"'det Almene' ('the universal') is Kierkegaard's term for the sphere of ethics/social norms, opposed to 'den Enkelte' (the single individual)."}]},{"number":106,"label":"106","id":"problema-ii-s106","source":"Han veed, at det er skjønt og velgjørende, at være den Enkelte, der oversætter sig selv i det Almene, den, der saa at sige selv besørger en reen og ziirlig og saavidt mulig feilfri Udgave af sig selv, læselig for Alle; han veed, at det er vederqvægende, at blive sig selv forstaaelig i det Almene, saaledes, at han forstaaer dette, og at enhver Enkelt, der forstaaer ham, igjen i ham forstaaer det Almene, og begge glæde sig ved det Almenes Tryghed.","translation":"He knows that it is beautiful and beneficial to be the single individual who translates himself into the universal — the one who, so to speak, himself produces a clean and elegant and, as far as possible, flawless edition of himself, legible to all; he knows that it is refreshing to become intelligible to oneself in the universal, in such a way that he understands it, and that every individual who understands him understands the universal again in him, and both rejoice in the security of the universal.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ziirlig / vederqvægende","title":"«ziirlig» — elegant; «vederqvægende» — refreshing","body":"Period vocabulary: «ziirlig» (modern «ziirlig/sirlig», dainty/elegant), «reen» (modern «ren», clean), «vederqvægende» (modern «vederkvægende», refreshing/restorative). The metaphor casts the well-formed individual as a clean printed «Udgave» (edition) of himself, «læselig for Alle» — legible to all. Note «skjønt» (with «kj», modern «skønt»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of veed","gloss":"He"},{"surface":"veed","lemma":"vide","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb, governs the at-clause","gloss":"knows"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er (det er skjønt og velgjørende...)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er (expletive)","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking det to skjønt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"skjønt","lemma":"skjøn","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er (coordinated with velgjørende)","gloss":"beautiful"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links skjønt and velgjørende","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"velgjørende","lemma":"velgjørende","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er (coordinated with skjønt)","gloss":"beneficial"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"infinitive marker (particle)","role":"introduces infinitive være (subject complement of skjønt og velgjørende)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to Enkelte, subject complement of skjønt/velgjørende","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"Enkelt","morphology":"adjective used as noun (substantival), common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of være","gloss":"single individual"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of oversætter","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"oversætter","lemma":"oversætte","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Enkelte","gloss":"translates"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of oversætter","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun (emphatic)","role":"emphasizes sig","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Almene","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"Almen","morphology":"adjective used as noun (substantival), neuter, singular","role":"object of preposition i (modifies oversætter)","gloss":"universal"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"in apposition to Enkelte, head of the relative clause der...besørger","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of besørger","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the idiom saa at sige (modifies besørger)","gloss":"so","note":"'saa at sige' is the fixed idiom 'so to speak.'"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"infinitive marker (particle)","role":"introduces infinitive sige (idiom saa at sige)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"sige","lemma":"sige","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement in the idiom saa at sige, modifies besørger","gloss":"speak"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun (emphatic)","role":"emphasizes der (subject of besørger)","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"besørger","lemma":"besørge","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on den (w20)","gloss":"produces"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Udgave","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"reen","lemma":"reen","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Udgave (coordinated with ziirlig, feilfri)","gloss":"clean"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links reen and ziirlig","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ziirlig","lemma":"ziirlig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Udgave (coordinated with reen)","gloss":"elegant"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links ziirlig and saavidt mulig feilfri","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"saavidt","lemma":"saavidt","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the idiom saavidt mulig, modifies feilfri","gloss":"as far as","note":"'saavidt mulig' = 'as far as possible.'"},{"surface":"mulig","lemma":"mulig","morphology":"adjective (adverbial use), common gender, singular","role":"part of the idiom saavidt mulig, modifies feilfri","gloss":"possible"},{"surface":"feilfri","lemma":"feilfri","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Udgave (coordinated with reen, ziirlig)","gloss":"flawless"},{"surface":"Udgave","lemma":"Udgave","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of besørger","gloss":"edition"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sig (modifies Udgave)","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"object of preposition af","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun (emphatic)","role":"emphasizes sig","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"læselig","lemma":"læselig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Udgave","gloss":"legible"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Alle","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Alle","lemma":"al","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"object of preposition for, complement of læselig","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of veed","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"veed","lemma":"vide","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb, governs the at-clause","gloss":"knows"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er (det er vederqvægende...)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er (expletive)","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking det to vederqvægende","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"vederqvægende","lemma":"vederkvægende","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"refreshing"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"infinitive marker (particle)","role":"introduces infinitive blive (subject complement of vederqvægende)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"blive","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to forstaaelig, subject complement of vederqvægende","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, reflexive, oblique","role":"oblique complement of forstaaelig (blive sig selv forstaaelig = become intelligible to oneself)","gloss":"oneself"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun (emphatic)","role":"emphasizes sig","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"forstaaelig","lemma":"forstaaelig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of blive","gloss":"intelligible"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Almene","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"Almen","morphology":"adjective used as noun (substantival), neuter, singular","role":"object of preposition i (modifies blive forstaaelig)","gloss":"universal"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies blive forstaaelig, anticipates the at-clause","gloss":"in such a way"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the result clause (han forstaaer dette)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of forstaaer","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"forstaaer","lemma":"forstaae","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"predicate of the result clause introduced by saaledes, at","gloss":"understands"},{"surface":"dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of forstaaer","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the two at-clauses governed by saaledes","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause enhver Enkelt...forstaaer det Almene","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"enhver","lemma":"enhver","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelt","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"Enkelt","lemma":"Enkelt","morphology":"adjective used as noun (substantival), common gender, singular","role":"subject of forstaaer (w71)","gloss":"individual"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of forstaaer (w66), relative clause on Enkelt","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"forstaaer","lemma":"forstaae","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause verb, relative clause on Enkelt","gloss":"understands"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of forstaaer (w66)","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"igjen","lemma":"igjen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forstaaer (w71)","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ham","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"object of preposition i (modifies forstaaer w71)","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"forstaaer","lemma":"forstaae","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"predicate of Enkelt (main verb of the at-clause)","gloss":"understands"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"Almen","morphology":"adjective used as noun (substantival), neuter, singular","role":"direct object of forstaaer (w71)","gloss":"universal"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"begge","lemma":"begge","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of glæde","gloss":"both"},{"surface":"glæde","lemma":"glæde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active, plural","role":"predicate of begge","gloss":"rejoice","note":"Archaic plural present tense of 'at glæde sig' (to rejoice), agreeing with the plural subject 'begge'; modern Danish would use 'glæder'."},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of glæde","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Tryghed","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almenes","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almenes","lemma":"Almen","morphology":"adjective used as noun (substantival), genitive, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of Tryghed","gloss":"universal's"},{"surface":"Tryghed","lemma":"Tryghed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of preposition ved, complement of glæde sig","gloss":"security"}]},{"number":107,"label":"107","id":"problema-ii-s107","source":"Han veed, det er skjønt at fødes som den Enkelte, der i det Almene har sit Hjem, sit venlige Blivested, der strax modtager ham med aabne Arme, naar han vil blive i det.","translation":"He knows that it is beautiful to be born as the single individual who has his home in the universal, his friendly dwelling-place, which at once receives him with open arms whenever he is willing to remain in it.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of veed","gloss":"He"},{"surface":"veed","lemma":"vide","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb, governs the following clause","gloss":"knows"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er (expletive)","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking det to skjønt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"skjønt","lemma":"skjøn","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"beautiful"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"infinitive marker (particle)","role":"introduces infinitive fødes (subject complement of skjønt)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"fødes","lemma":"føde","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive (s-passive)","role":"subject complement of skjønt","gloss":"be born"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the predicative den Enkelte (complement of fødes)","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"Enkelt","morphology":"adjective used as noun (substantival), common gender, singular","role":"object of som, predicate of fødes","gloss":"single individual"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of har","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Almene","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"Almen","morphology":"adjective used as noun (substantival), neuter, singular","role":"object of preposition i (modifies har)","gloss":"universal"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause verb, relative clause on Enkelte","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Hjem","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Hjem","lemma":"hjem","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"home"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Blivested","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"venlige","lemma":"venlig","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Blivested","gloss":"friendly"},{"surface":"Blivested","lemma":"Blivested","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of har (in apposition to Hjem)","gloss":"dwelling-place"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of modtager","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"strax","lemma":"strax","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies modtager","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"modtager","lemma":"modtage","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Blivested","gloss":"receives"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of modtager","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Arme","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"aabne","lemma":"aaben","morphology":"adjective, common gender, plural","role":"modifies Arme","gloss":"open"},{"surface":"Arme","lemma":"Arm","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"object of preposition med, oblique complement of modtager","gloss":"arms"},{"surface":"naar","lemma":"naar","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of blive","gloss":"whenever"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blive","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"vil","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of blive","gloss":"is willing to"},{"surface":"blive","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"predicate of han, in the naar-clause (modifies modtager)","gloss":"remain"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking det","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"object of preposition i, oblique complement of blive","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":108,"label":"108","id":"problema-ii-s108","source":"Men han veed tillige, at der højere end dette snoer sig en eensom Vei, trang og steil; han veed, det er forfærdeligt, at fødes eensomt ud af det Almene, at gaae uden at møde en eneste Vandrer.","translation":"But he also knows that higher than this winds a lonely road, narrow and steep; he knows that it is terrible to be born solitary out of the universal, to walk without meeting a single wayfarer.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"eensom Vei","title":"«eensom Vei» — lonely road","body":"«eensom» (modern «ensom», lonely) with the doubled «ee» is period orthography; so are «trang» (narrow), «steil» (modern «stejl», steep), «gaae» (modern «gå»). The lonely, narrow, steep road is the path of the single individual above the universal — the way of faith no fellow traveller shares."}],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links to the previous sentence","gloss":"But"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of veed","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"veed","lemma":"vide","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb, governs the at-clause","gloss":"knows"},{"surface":"tillige","lemma":"tillige","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies veed","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of snoer (der højere end dette snoer sig en eensom Vei)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb (expletive)","role":"expletive subject placeholder for snoer (real subject: Vei)","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"højere","lemma":"høi","morphology":"adjective, comparative (used adverbially)","role":"modifies snoer, part of the comparison with end dette","gloss":"higher"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"conjunction (comparative)","role":"links højere and dette (comparison)","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"object of end (comparison)","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"snoer","lemma":"snoe","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the at-clause, predicate of Vei (with expletive der)","gloss":"winds"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of snoer (reflexive verb snoe sig)","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Vei","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"eensom","lemma":"eensom","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Vei","gloss":"lonely"},{"surface":"Vei","lemma":"Vei","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of snoer (logical subject; der is expletive)","gloss":"road"},{"surface":"trang","lemma":"trang","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Vei (coordinated with eensom, steil)","gloss":"narrow"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links trang and steil","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"steil","lemma":"steil","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Vei (coordinated with trang)","gloss":"steep"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of veed","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"veed","lemma":"vide","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb, governs the following clause","gloss":"knows"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er (expletive)","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking det to forfærdeligt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"forfærdeligt","lemma":"forfærdelig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"terrible"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"infinitive marker (particle)","role":"introduces infinitive fødes (subject complement of forfærdeligt)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"fødes","lemma":"føde","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive (s-passive)","role":"subject complement of forfærdeligt","gloss":"be born"},{"surface":"eensomt","lemma":"eensom","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fødes","gloss":"solitary"},{"surface":"ud","lemma":"ud","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fødes, part of ud af (out of)","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Almene, part of ud af","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"Almen","morphology":"adjective used as noun (substantival), neuter, singular","role":"object of preposition af, oblique complement of fødes","gloss":"universal"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"infinitive marker (particle)","role":"introduces infinitive gaae (coordinated with at fødes, subject complement of forfærdeligt)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"gaae","lemma":"gaae","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"subject complement of forfærdeligt (coordinated with fødes)","gloss":"walk"},{"surface":"uden","lemma":"uden","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of møde, adverbial on gaae","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"infinitive marker (particle)","role":"introduces infinitive møde","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"møde","lemma":"møde","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"object of uden, adverbial clause on gaae","gloss":"meeting"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Vandrer","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"eneste","lemma":"eneste","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies Vandrer","gloss":"single"},{"surface":"Vandrer","lemma":"Vandrer","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of møde","gloss":"wayfarer"}]},{"number":109,"label":"109","id":"problema-ii-s109","source":"Han veed meget godt, hvor han er, og hvorledes han forholder sig til Menneskene.","translation":"He knows very well where he is and how he stands in relation to other people.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of veed","gloss":"He"},{"surface":"veed","lemma":"vide","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"knows"},{"surface":"meget","lemma":"meget","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies godt","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"godt","lemma":"god","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies veed","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"hvor","lemma":"hvor","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"predicate of the clause hvor han er (object of veed)","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hvorledes","lemma":"hvorledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of forholder","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of forholder","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"forholder","lemma":"forholde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"verb of the clause coordinated with hvor han er (object of veed)","gloss":"stands"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of forholder","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Menneskene","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Menneskene","lemma":"Menneske","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural, definite","role":"object of preposition til, oblique complement of forholder","gloss":"other people"}]},{"number":110,"label":"110","id":"problema-ii-s110","source":"Menneskeligt talt er han afsindig og kan ikke gjøre sig forstaaelig for Nogen.","translation":"Humanly speaking, he is mad and cannot make himself intelligible to anyone.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"afsindig","title":"«afsindig» — mad, out of one's senses","body":"«afsindig» = insane, out of one's mind. To the human standpoint the knight of faith looks mad, since he cannot make his act intelligible. «Menneskeligt talt» ('humanly speaking') is a recurring qualifier marking the limited, worldly point of view."}],"words":[{"surface":"Menneskeligt","lemma":"menneskelig","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the idiom Menneskeligt talt (humanly speaking), modifies talt","gloss":"Humanly","note":"'Menneskeligt talt' is a fixed idiom meaning 'humanly speaking.'"},{"surface":"talt","lemma":"tale","morphology":"verb, past participle","role":"adverbial phrase modifying the whole sentence (idiom Menneskeligt talt)","gloss":"speaking"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking han to afsindig","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"afsindig","lemma":"afsindig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"mad"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links er afsindig and kan ikke gjøre","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gjøre","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gjøre","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"gjøre","lemma":"gjøre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb (with kan) of the second coordinated clause","gloss":"make"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of gjøre","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"forstaaelig","lemma":"forstaaelig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of sig (object complement of gjøre)","gloss":"intelligible"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Nogen","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Nogen","lemma":"Nogen","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"object of preposition for, oblique complement of gjøre","gloss":"anyone"}]},{"number":111,"label":"111","id":"problema-ii-s111","source":"Og dog er det at være afsindig det mildeste Udtryk.","translation":"And yet to be called mad is the mildest expression for it.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links to the previous sentence","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies the clause (concessive)","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking det at være afsindig to Udtryk","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"determiner/pronoun (nominalizer), neuter, singular","role":"introduces the infinitival subject clause at være afsindig (subject of er)","gloss":"the","note":"'det at være X' nominalizes the infinitive, like English 'the being X' — together it forms the subject of the sentence."},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"infinitive marker (particle)","role":"introduces infinitive være (within the subject clause det at være afsindig)","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to afsindig, within the subject clause","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"afsindig","lemma":"afsindig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of være","gloss":"mad"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Udtryk","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mildeste","lemma":"mild","morphology":"adjective, superlative, singular","role":"modifies Udtryk","gloss":"mildest"},{"surface":"Udtryk","lemma":"Udtryk","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er (head of the predicate phrase)","gloss":"expression"}]},{"number":112,"label":"112","id":"problema-ii-s112","source":"Betragtes han ikke saaledes, da er han en Hykler, og jo højere han stiger ad Veien, desto rædsommere en Hykler.","translation":"If he is not regarded so, then he is a hypocrite, and the higher he climbs along the road, the more dreadful a hypocrite.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Betragtes han ikke","title":"«Betragtes han ikke …» — if he is not regarded","body":"A conditional formed by inversion: the passive verb «Betragtes» ('is regarded') stands first with no 'if,' yielding 'if he is not regarded thus.' The correlative «jo … desto» ('the more … the more') then scales the consequence. «Hykler» = hypocrite; «rædsommere» = more dreadful."}],"words":[{"surface":"Betragtes","lemma":"betragte","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the conditional clause (V1-conditional: if he is not regarded thus)","gloss":"is regarded"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Betragtes","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Betragtes","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Betragtes","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the main clause (then he is a hypocrite)","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking han to Hykler","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Hykler","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Hykler","lemma":"Hykler","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"hypocrite"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"jo","lemma":"jo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies højere, correlative with desto","gloss":"the","note":"'jo...desto' is the Danish correlative 'the more...the more' (the higher he climbs, the more dreadful a hypocrite)."},{"surface":"højere","lemma":"høi","morphology":"adjective, comparative (used adverbially)","role":"modifies stiger","gloss":"higher"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of stiger","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"stiger","lemma":"stige","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"verb of the jo-clause, predicate of han","gloss":"climbs"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Veien","gloss":"along"},{"surface":"Veien","lemma":"Vei","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"object of preposition ad, oblique complement of stiger","gloss":"the road"},{"surface":"desto","lemma":"desto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies rædsommere, correlative with jo","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"rædsommere","lemma":"rædsom","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"modifies Hykler (elliptical predicate: [han er] desto rædsommere en Hykler)","gloss":"more dreadful"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Hykler","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Hykler","lemma":"Hykler","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement (elliptical clause: he is all the more dreadful a hypocrite)","gloss":"hypocrite"}]},{"number":113,"label":"113","id":"problema-ii-s113","source":"Troens Ridder veed, at det er begeistrende at opgive sig selv for det Almene, at der hører Mod dertil, men at der ogsaa er en Tryghed deri, netop fordi det er for det Almene; han veed, at det er herligt at blive forstaaet af enhver Ædel, og saaledes, at Betragteren selv forædles derved.","translation":"The knight of faith knows that it is inspiring to give oneself up for the universal, that courage is required for it, but that there is also a security in it, precisely because it is for the universal; he knows that it is glorious to be understood by every noble soul, and in such a way that the beholder is himself ennobled by it.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Ridder","gloss":"of faith"},{"surface":"Ridder","lemma":"Ridder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of veed","gloss":"knight"},{"surface":"veed","lemma":"vide","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"knows"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to begeistrende","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"begeistrende","lemma":"begeistre","morphology":"verb, present, participle","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"inspiring"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of opgive","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"opgive","lemma":"opgive","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"logical subject of begeistrende","gloss":"give up"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of opgive","gloss":"oneself"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies sig","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Almene","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"almen","morphology":"noun (substantivized adjective), neuter, singular","role":"object of preposition for (complement of opgive)","gloss":"universal"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hører","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive subject of hører","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"hører","lemma":"høre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"clause complement of veed","gloss":"is required","note":"'hører ... dertil' is an idiom meaning 'is required/needed for it', literally 'belongs to it'."},{"surface":"Mod","lemma":"Mod","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"notional subject of hører","gloss":"courage"},{"surface":"dertil","lemma":"dertil","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hører","gloss":"for it"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive subject of er","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"ogsaa","lemma":"ogsaa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Tryghed","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Tryghed","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Tryghed","lemma":"Tryghed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"notional subject of er","gloss":"security"},{"surface":"deri","lemma":"deri","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"in it"},{"surface":"netop","lemma":"netop","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fordi","gloss":"precisely"},{"surface":"fordi","lemma":"fordi","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Almene","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking det","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"almen","morphology":"noun (substantivized adjective), neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of er","gloss":"universal"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of veed","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"veed","lemma":"vide","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"knows"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to herligt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"herligt","lemma":"herlig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"glorious"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of forstaaet","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"blive","lemma":"blive","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"passive auxiliary of forstaaet","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"forstaaet","lemma":"forstaa","morphology":"verb, past, participle, passive","role":"logical subject of herligt","gloss":"understood"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Ædel","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"enhver","lemma":"enhver","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Ædel","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"Ædel","lemma":"ædel","morphology":"noun (substantivized adjective), common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of forstaaet","gloss":"noble soul"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"correlates with the following at-clause","gloss":"in such a way"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of forædles","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Betragteren","lemma":"betragter","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of forædles","gloss":"the beholder"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun","role":"intensifies Betragteren","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"forædles","lemma":"forædle","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the at-clause","gloss":"is ennobled"},{"surface":"derved","lemma":"derved","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forædles","gloss":"by it"}]},{"number":114,"label":"114","id":"problema-ii-s114","source":"Dette veed han, og han føler sig ligesom bunden, han kunde ønske, at det var denne Opgave, der var sat ham.","translation":"This he knows, and he feels himself, as it were, bound; he could wish that this were the task set for him.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Opgave","title":"«Opgave» — task","body":"«Opgave» = task, assignment — a key word in this section: the knight of faith wishes his «Opgave» had been the intelligible, universal one (to give up Isaac FOR the universal), but it is not. «bunden» = bound (past participle of «binde»). The subjunctives «kunde», «var», «var sat» mark the contrary-to-fact wish."}],"words":[{"surface":"Dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of veed","gloss":"This"},{"surface":"veed","lemma":"vide","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"knows"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of veed","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of føler","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"føler","lemma":"føle","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with veed","gloss":"feels"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of føler","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"ligesom","lemma":"ligesom","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bunden","gloss":"as it were"},{"surface":"bunden","lemma":"binde","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"predicate complement of føler","gloss":"bound","note":"Past participle of 'binde' (to bind) — not the noun 'bund' (bottom)."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ønske","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ønske","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"ønske","lemma":"ønske","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of kunde","gloss":"wish"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of var","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Opgave","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"denne","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Opgave","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Opgave","lemma":"Opgave","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of var","gloss":"task"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of sat","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of sat","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"sat","lemma":"sætte","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"modifies Opgave","gloss":"set"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of sat","gloss":"for him"}]},{"number":115,"label":"115","id":"problema-ii-s115","source":"Saaledes kunde Abraham vel af og til have ønsket, at Opgaven var at elske Isaak som det sig en Fader hør og bør, forstaaelig for Alle, uforglemmelig i Tiderne; han kunde ønske, at det var Opgaven at offre Isaak for det Almene, at han kunde begeistre Fædre til berømmelig Daad — og han forfærdedes næsten ved Tanken om, at saadanne Ønsker for ham kun ere Anfægtelser, og maae behandles som saadanne; thi han veed, det er en eensom Vei, han betræder, og at han Intet udretter for det Almene, men selv kun forsøges og prøves.","translation":"Thus Abraham might now and then have wished that the task were to love Isaac as it befits and behooves a father, intelligible to all, unforgettable through the ages; he could wish that the task were to sacrifice Isaac for the universal, that he might inspire fathers to renowned deeds — and he was almost horrified at the thought that such wishes are for him only temptations, and must be treated as such; for he knows that it is a lonely road he treads, and that he accomplishes nothing for the universal, but is himself only tested and tried.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Anfægtelse","title":"«Anfægtelse» — spiritual temptation, assailment","body":"«Anfægtelse» is a theological term (German Anfechtung) for the assault that tempts one away from faith — distinct from ordinary «Fristelse». Here the wish for an intelligible, honored task is itself an «Anfægtelse». Idiom «som det sig … hør og bør» = 'as is fitting and proper'; «maae» is the old plural of 'must.'"}],"words":[{"surface":"Saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ønsket","gloss":"Thus"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ønsket","gloss":"might"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of ønsket","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"vel","lemma":"vel","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ønsket","gloss":"perhaps"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"adverb (part of idiom af og til)","role":"modifies ønsket","gloss":"now","note":"'af og til' is a fixed idiom meaning 'now and then, occasionally'."},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"part of idiom af og til","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"adverb (part of idiom af og til)","role":"part of idiom af og til","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"have","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of ønsket","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"ønsket","lemma":"ønske","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"wished"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of var","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Opgaven","lemma":"Opgave","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"the task"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the at-clause (object of ønsket)","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of elske","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"elske","lemma":"elske","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"predicate complement of var","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of elske","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hør (modifies elske)","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"expletive subject of hør","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"complement of hør","gloss":"itself","note":"'det sig hør og bør' is an archaic idiom meaning 'as is fitting and proper'."},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Fader","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Fader","lemma":"Fader","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of hør/bør (dative)","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"hør","lemma":"høre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"predicate of clause, coordinated with bør","gloss":"befits"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bør","lemma":"burde","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with hør","gloss":"behooves"},{"surface":"forstaaelig","lemma":"forstaaelig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"secondary predicate on elske Isaak","gloss":"intelligible"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Alle","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Alle","lemma":"alle","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"depends on forstaaelig","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"uforglemmelig","lemma":"uforglemmelig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"secondary predicate on elske Isaak, coordinated with forstaaelig","gloss":"unforgettable"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Tiderne","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"Tiderne","lemma":"Tid","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of uforglemmelig","gloss":"the ages"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ønske","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ønske","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"ønske","lemma":"ønske","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb, complement of kunde","gloss":"wish"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of var","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Opgaven","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"Opgaven","lemma":"Opgave","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of var","gloss":"the task"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of offre","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"offre","lemma":"offre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"logical subject of Opgaven","gloss":"sacrifice"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of offre","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking det","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"almen","morphology":"noun (substantivized adjective), neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of offre","gloss":"universal"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of begeistre","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of begeistre","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of begeistre","gloss":"might"},{"surface":"begeistre","lemma":"begeistre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with offre (object of ønske)","gloss":"inspire"},{"surface":"Fædre","lemma":"Fader","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of begeistre","gloss":"fathers"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Daad","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"berømmelig","lemma":"berømmelig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"depends on til","gloss":"renowned"},{"surface":"Daad","lemma":"Daad","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of til (modifies begeistre)","gloss":"deed"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of forfærdedes","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"forfærdedes","lemma":"forfærde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was horrified"},{"surface":"næsten","lemma":"næsten","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forfærdedes","gloss":"almost"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Tanken","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"Tanken","lemma":"Tanke","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of forfærdedes","gloss":"the thought"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of Ønsker","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of Ønsker","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"saadanne","lemma":"saadan","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of Ønsker","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"Ønsker","lemma":"Ønske","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"subject of ere","gloss":"wishes"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ham","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies ere","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"kun","lemma":"kun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ere","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"ere","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking Ønsker and Anfægtelser","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"Anfægtelser","lemma":"Anfægtelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"predicate complement of ere","gloss":"temptations"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"maae","lemma":"måtte","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of behandles","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"behandles","lemma":"behandle","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"coordinated with ere (complement of maae)","gloss":"be treated"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking saadanne","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"saadanne","lemma":"saadan","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"oblique complement of behandles","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of veed","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of veed","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"veed","lemma":"vide","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the thi-clause","gloss":"knows"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Vei","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Vei","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"eensom","lemma":"eensom","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Vei","gloss":"lonely"},{"surface":"Vei","lemma":"Vei","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"road"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of betræder","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"betræder","lemma":"betræde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of relative clause, modifies Vei","gloss":"treads"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of udretter","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of udretter","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"Intet","lemma":"intet","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of udretter","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"udretter","lemma":"udrette","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the second at-clause","gloss":"accomplishes"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking det","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"almen","morphology":"noun (substantivized adjective), neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of udretter","gloss":"universal"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun","role":"emphasizes the elided subject han, modifies forsøges","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"kun","lemma":"kun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forsøges","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"forsøges","lemma":"forsøge","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"coordinated with udretter","gloss":"is tested"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"prøves","lemma":"prøve","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"coordinated with forsøges","gloss":"is tried"}]},{"number":116,"label":"116","id":"problema-ii-s116","source":"Eller hvad udrettede Abraham for det Almene?","translation":"Or what did Abraham accomplish for the universal?","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinates with the previous sentence","gloss":"Or"},{"surface":"hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of udrettede","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"udrettede","lemma":"udrette","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"accomplished"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of udrettede","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking det","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"almen","morphology":"noun (substantivized adjective), neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of udrettede","gloss":"universal"}]},{"number":117,"label":"117","id":"problema-ii-s117","source":"Lad mig tale menneskeligt derom, ret menneskeligt!","translation":"Let me speak of it humanly, quite humanly!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Lad","lemma":"lade","morphology":"verb, imperative","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"Let"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of Lad","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"tale","lemma":"tale","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of Lad","gloss":"speak"},{"surface":"menneskeligt","lemma":"menneskelig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tale","gloss":"humanly"},{"surface":"derom","lemma":"derom","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tale","gloss":"of it"},{"surface":"ret","lemma":"ret","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies menneskeligt","gloss":"quite"},{"surface":"menneskeligt","lemma":"menneskelig","morphology":"adverb","role":"repeats and emphasizes the first menneskeligt","gloss":"humanly"}]},{"number":118,"label":"118","id":"problema-ii-s118","source":"Han bruger 70 Aar for at faae en Alderdoms Søn.","translation":"He spends seventy years to get a son of his old age.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bruger","gloss":"He"},{"surface":"bruger","lemma":"bruge","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"spends"},{"surface":"Aar","lemma":"Aar","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of bruger","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of faae","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of faae","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"faae","lemma":"faae","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"purpose clause of bruger","gloss":"get"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Søn","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Alderdoms","lemma":"Alderdom","morphology":"noun, common gender, genitive, singular","role":"possessor of Søn","gloss":"of old age"},{"surface":"Søn","lemma":"Søn","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of faae","gloss":"son"}]},{"number":119,"label":"119","id":"problema-ii-s119","source":"Hvad Andre faae hurtigt nok og længe have Glæde af, det bruger han 70 Aar til; og hvorfor? fordi han prøves og fristes.","translation":"What others get quickly enough and enjoy for a long time, on that he spends seventy years; and why? because he is tested and tempted.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"have","title":"«have» — have (old plural)","body":"«have» is the old plural form of the verb 'to have' (modern «har»), agreeing with «Andre» (others). The sentence packs two questions: a clause boundary at «hvorfor?» and the answer in the same breath. «faae» = get (modern «får»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"relative pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of faae (and of af)","gloss":"What"},{"surface":"Andre","lemma":"anden","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"subject of faae","gloss":"others"},{"surface":"faae","lemma":"faae","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of relative clause, coordinated with have","gloss":"get"},{"surface":"hurtigt","lemma":"hurtig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies faae","gloss":"quickly"},{"surface":"nok","lemma":"nok","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hurtigt","gloss":"enough"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"længe","lemma":"længe","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies have","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"have","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with faae","gloss":"enjoy"},{"surface":"Glæde","lemma":"Glæde","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of have","gloss":"joy"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"stranded preposition governing Hvad","gloss":"of","note":"Stranded preposition referring back to the fronted 'Hvad' — 'have Glæde af hvad' means 'enjoy what'."},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of bruger","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"bruger","lemma":"bruge","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"spends"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bruger","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"Aar","lemma":"Aar","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of bruger","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bruger","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hvorfor","lemma":"hvorfor","morphology":"adverb","role":"main predicate of the elliptical question","gloss":"why"},{"surface":"fordi","lemma":"fordi","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of prøves","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of prøves","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"prøves","lemma":"prøve","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of fordi-clause","gloss":"is tested"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fristes","lemma":"friste","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"coordinated with prøves","gloss":"is tempted"}]},{"number":120,"label":"120","id":"problema-ii-s120","source":"Er det ikke Afsindighed!","translation":"Is this not madness!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Afsindighed","gloss":"Is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of Er","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Er","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"Afsindighed","lemma":"Afsindighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of Er","gloss":"madness"}]},{"number":121,"label":"121","id":"problema-ii-s121","source":"Men Abraham troede, og kun Sara vaklede og fik ham til at tage Hagar til Medhustru; men derfor maatte han ogsaa jage hende bort.","translation":"But Abraham believed, and only Sarah wavered and got him to take Hagar as a concubine; but for that reason he also had to drive her away.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"troede","title":"«troede» — believed","body":"«troede» = believed (past of «troe/tro») — Abraham's faith set against Sarah's wavering. The reference is to Genesis 16 and 21 (Hagar and the maidservant). «Medhustru» = concubine/secondary wife; «maatte» = had to (past of «maa/må»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"But"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of troede","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"troede","lemma":"tro","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"believed"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"kun","lemma":"kun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Sara","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"Sara","lemma":"Sara","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of vaklede","gloss":"Sarah"},{"surface":"vaklede","lemma":"vakle","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with troede","gloss":"wavered"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fik","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with vaklede","gloss":"got"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of fik","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of tage","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of tage","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"tage","lemma":"tage","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of fik","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"Hagar","lemma":"Hagar","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of tage","gloss":"Hagar"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Medhustru","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"Medhustru","lemma":"Medhustru","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of tage","gloss":"concubine"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"derfor","lemma":"derfor","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies maatte","gloss":"for that reason"},{"surface":"maatte","lemma":"måtte","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of clause","gloss":"had to"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of maatte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ogsaa","lemma":"ogsaa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies maatte","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"jage","lemma":"jage","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of maatte","gloss":"drive"},{"surface":"hende","lemma":"hun","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of jage","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"bort","lemma":"bort","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on jage","gloss":"away"}]},{"number":122,"label":"122","id":"problema-ii-s122","source":"Han faaer Isaak — da skal han atter prøves.","translation":"He gets Isaac — and then he is to be tested again.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of faaer","gloss":"He"},{"surface":"faaer","lemma":"faae","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"gets"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of faaer","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies prøves","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of prøves","gloss":"is to"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of prøves","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"atter","lemma":"atter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies prøves","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"prøves","lemma":"prøve","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"main verb, complement of skal","gloss":"be tested"}]},{"number":123,"label":"123","id":"problema-ii-s123","source":"Han vidste, det er herligt at udtrykke det Almene, herligt at leve med Isaak.","translation":"He knew that it is glorious to express the universal, glorious to live with Isaac.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vidste","gloss":"He"},{"surface":"vidste","lemma":"vide","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to herligt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"herligt","lemma":"herlig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"glorious"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of udtrykke","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"udtrykke","lemma":"udtrykke","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"logical subject of herligt","gloss":"express"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"almen","morphology":"noun (substantivized adjective), neuter, singular","role":"direct object of udtrykke","gloss":"universal"},{"surface":"herligt","lemma":"herlig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement (elliptical, parallel to first herligt)","gloss":"glorious"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of leve","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"leve","lemma":"leve","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"logical subject of herligt (elliptical)","gloss":"live"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Isaak","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of leve","gloss":"Isaac"}]},{"number":124,"label":"124","id":"problema-ii-s124","source":"Men det er ikke Opgaven.","translation":"But that is not the task.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"But"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Opgaven","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"Opgaven","lemma":"Opgave","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"the task"}]},{"number":125,"label":"125","id":"problema-ii-s125","source":"Han vidste, det er kongeligt at offre en saadan Søn for det Almene, han selv skulde have fundet Hvile deri, og Alle skulde have hvilet berømmende i hans Daad, som Vokalen hviler i sit Hvilebogstav; men det er ikke Opgaven — han prøves.","translation":"He knew that it is kingly to sacrifice such a son for the universal; he himself would have found rest in it, and all would have rested in praise upon his deed, as the vowel rests in its quiescent letter; but that is not the task — he is being tested.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Hvilebogstav","title":"«Hvilebogstav» — quiescent letter","body":"A grammatical image: a «Hvilebogstav» (quiescent/resting letter, like the silent matres lectionis in Hebrew) is one upon which a vowel 'rests.' Abraham's deed could have been the firm letter all could rest their praise on — but his task gives no such rest. «kongeligt» = kingly; «Daad» = deed."}],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vidste","gloss":"He"},{"surface":"vidste","lemma":"vide","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"expletive subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to kongeligt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"kongeligt","lemma":"kongelig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"predicate adjective of er","gloss":"kingly"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"infinitive marker with offre","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"offre","lemma":"offre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of kongeligt","gloss":"sacrifice"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Søn","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"saadan","lemma":"saadan","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Søn","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"Søn","lemma":"søn","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of offre","gloss":"son"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking det","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"almen","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of offre","gloss":"universal"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fundet","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun","role":"emphasizes han","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulde","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of fundet","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"have","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of fundet","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"fundet","lemma":"finde","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"coordinated with kongeligt","gloss":"found"},{"surface":"Hvile","lemma":"hvile","morphology":"noun, singular","role":"direct object of fundet","gloss":"rest"},{"surface":"deri","lemma":"deri","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fundet","gloss":"in it"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Alle","lemma":"Al","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"subject of hvilet","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulde","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of hvilet","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"have","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of hvilet","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"hvilet","lemma":"hvile","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"coordinated with fundet","gloss":"rested"},{"surface":"berømmende","lemma":"berømme","morphology":"verb, present, participle","role":"modifies hvilet","gloss":"in praise"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Daad","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Daad","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Daad","lemma":"daad","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of hvilet","gloss":"deed"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the comparative clause of hviler","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"Vokalen","lemma":"Vokal","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hviler","gloss":"the vowel"},{"surface":"hviler","lemma":"hvile","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"comparative clause modifying hvilet","gloss":"rests"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Hvilebogstav","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Hvilebogstav","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"Hvilebogstav","lemma":"hvilebogstav","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of hviler","gloss":"quiescent letter"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Opgaven","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"Opgaven","lemma":"Opgave","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"the task"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of prøves","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"prøves","lemma":"prøve","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the final clause","gloss":"is tested"}]},{"number":126,"label":"126","id":"problema-ii-s126","source":"Hiin romerske Feltherre, der er berømt ved sit Tilnavn Cunetator, han standsede Fjenden ved sin Nølen — men hvad er dog Abraham ikke for en Nøler i Sammenligning med ham — men han frelser ikke Ståten.","translation":"That Roman general, famous for his cognomen Cunctator, halted the enemy by his delaying — but what a delayer Abraham is in comparison with him! — yet he does not save the State.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hiin","lemma":"hiin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Feltherre","gloss":"That","note":"Archaic demonstrative, = modern 'hin' ('that'/'yonder')."},{"surface":"romerske","lemma":"romersk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Feltherre","gloss":"Roman"},{"surface":"Feltherre","lemma":"Feltherre","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"general"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of berømt","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to berømt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"berømt","lemma":"berømt","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"relative clause on Feltherre","gloss":"famous"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Tilnavn","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Tilnavn","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Tilnavn","lemma":"Tilnavn","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of berømt","gloss":"cognomen"},{"surface":"Cunetator","lemma":"Cunctator","morphology":"proper noun","role":"in apposition to Tilnavn","gloss":"Cunctator"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of standsede","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"standsede","lemma":"standse","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"halted"},{"surface":"Fjenden","lemma":"Fjende","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of standsede","gloss":"the enemy"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Nølen","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Nølen","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Nølen","lemma":"Nølen","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of standsede","gloss":"delaying"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"pronoun","role":"exclamative, modifies Nøler","gloss":"what","note":"Idiomatic 'hvad...ikke...for en' = an emphatic 'what a ___' (rhetorical, not literal negation)."},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking Abraham to Nøler","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of er","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er (part of hvad...for en idiom)","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of hvad...for en idiom, introduces en Nøler","gloss":"kind of"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Nøler","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Nøler","lemma":"Nøler","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate noun, head of the hvad...for en idiom","gloss":"delayer"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Sammenligning","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Sammenligning","lemma":"Sammenligning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of er","gloss":"comparison"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ham","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"object of med","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of frelser","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"frelser","lemma":"frelse","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the final clause","gloss":"saves"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies frelser","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"Ståten","lemma":"Stat","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of frelser","gloss":"the State"}]},{"number":127,"label":"127","id":"problema-ii-s127","source":"Dette er - Indholdet af 130 Aar.","translation":"This is — the content of a hundred and thirty years.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"This"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Indholdet","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"Indholdet","lemma":"Indhold","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"the content"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Aar","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Aar","lemma":"Aar","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural","role":"object of af, modifying Indholdet","gloss":"years"}]},{"number":128,"label":"128","id":"problema-ii-s128","source":"Hvo kan holde det ud, skulde ikke hans Samtid, hvis der kunde være Tale om en saadan, sige: ,det er en evig Nølen med Abraham; endelig fik han en Søn, det varede længe nok, saa vil han offre ham — er han ikke sindssvag?","translation":"Who can endure it? would not his contemporaries, if such could be spoken of, say: 'it is an eternal delaying with Abraham; at last he got a son, it took long enough, and now he wants to sacrifice him — is he not insane?","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Hvo","title":"«Hvo» — who (archaic)","body":"«Hvo» is the archaic nominative 'who' (modern «hvem»), surviving mainly in proverbs. The low comma «,det er…» is the period convention for an opening quotation mark; the imagined speech of Abraham's «Samtid» (contemporaries) runs to the close-quote «.”» two sentences on. «sindssvag» = insane."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hvo","lemma":"hvo","morphology":"interrogative pronoun","role":"subject of holde","gloss":"Who","note":"Archaic for 'hvem' (who), common in older/biblical Danish."},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of holde","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"holde","lemma":"holde","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the clause (holde ud = endure)","gloss":"endure"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of holde","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"ud","lemma":"ud","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies holde","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulde","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of sige","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies skulde","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Samtid","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Samtid","lemma":"Samtid","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of skulde","gloss":"contemporaries"},{"surface":"hvis","lemma":"hvis","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of være","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive with være","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunde","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of være","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of kunde","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"Tale","lemma":"Tale","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of være","gloss":"talk"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking saadan","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of saadan","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"saadan","lemma":"saadan","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"complement of om, modifies Tale","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"sige","lemma":"sige","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of skulde","gloss":"say"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Nølen","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Nølen","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"evig","lemma":"evig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Nølen","gloss":"eternal"},{"surface":"Nølen","lemma":"Nølen","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"delaying"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Abraham","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"object of med, modifies Nølen","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"endelig","lemma":"endelig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fik","gloss":"at last"},{"surface":"fik","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause","gloss":"got"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fik","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Søn","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Søn","lemma":"Søn","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of fik","gloss":"son"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of varede","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"varede","lemma":"vare","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with fik","gloss":"took"},{"surface":"længe","lemma":"længe","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies varede","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"nok","lemma":"nok","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies varede","gloss":"enough"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vil","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"vil","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of offre","gloss":"wants"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of offre","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"offre","lemma":"offre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of vil","gloss":"sacrifice"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of offre","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to sindssvag","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"sindssvag","lemma":"sindssvag","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate adjective of er","gloss":"insane"}]},{"number":129,"label":"129","id":"problema-ii-s129","source":"Og kunde han endda forklare, hvorfor han vil det, men altid er det en Prøvelse.”","translation":"And if he could at least explain why he wants it — but always it is a trial.'","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunde","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of forklare","gloss":"could","note":"Fronted 'kunde' without 'hvis' signals a conditional: 'Kunde han...' = 'If he could...'."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of forklare","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"endda","lemma":"endda","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forklare","gloss":"at least"},{"surface":"forklare","lemma":"forklare","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of kunde","gloss":"explain"},{"surface":"hvorfor","lemma":"hvorfor","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of vil","gloss":"why"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vil","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"vil","lemma":"ville","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"verb of clause depending on forklare","gloss":"wants"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of vil","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"altid","lemma":"altid","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Prøvelse","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Prøvelse","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Prøvelse","lemma":"Prøvelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"trial"}]},{"number":130,"label":"130","id":"problema-ii-s130","source":"Mere kunde Abraham heller ikke forklare; thi hans Liv er som en Bog, der er lagt under guddommeligt Beslag, og som ikke bliver publici juris.","translation":"Abraham could explain no more either; for his life is like a book placed under divine seal, and which does not become publici juris.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"publici juris","title":"«publici juris» — public property","body":"Latin legal phrase: publici juris = 'of public right,' i.e. public property, open to all. Abraham's life stays sealed, never published into the common domain of the universal. «Beslag» = seizure/seal (as in legal sequestration); «guddommeligt» = divine."}],"words":[{"surface":"Mere","lemma":"meget","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular, comparative","role":"direct object of forklare (fronted)","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunde","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of forklare","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of forklare","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"heller","lemma":"heller","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forklare","gloss":"either"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forklare","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"forklare","lemma":"forklare","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"explain"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Liv","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Liv","lemma":"Liv","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the thi-clause, copula linking to Bog","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Bog","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Bog","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Bog","lemma":"bog","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of er","gloss":"book"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of lagt","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of lagt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"lagt","lemma":"lægge","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"relative clause on Bog","gloss":"placed"},{"surface":"under","lemma":"under","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Beslag","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"guddommeligt","lemma":"guddommelig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"modifies Beslag","gloss":"divine"},{"surface":"Beslag","lemma":"Beslag","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of lagt","gloss":"seal"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of bliver","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bliver","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"bliver","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to juris, coordinated with lagt","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"publici","lemma":"publici","morphology":"adjective (Latin), genitive","role":"modifies juris","gloss":"public","note":"Latin legal phrase 'publici juris' = belonging to the public domain, i.e. fully explainable/shareable."},{"surface":"juris","lemma":"jus","morphology":"noun (Latin), genitive, singular","role":"predicate complement of bliver","gloss":"right"}]},{"number":131,"label":"131","id":"problema-ii-s131","source":"Dette er det Forfærdelige.","translation":"This is the terrible thing.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"This"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Forfærdelige","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Forfærdelige","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Forfærdelige","lemma":"Forfærdelig","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"terrible thing"}]},{"number":132,"label":"132","id":"problema-ii-s132","source":"Den, som ikke seer dette, han kan altid være sikker paa, at han ikke er nogen Troens Ridder, men den, som seer det, han skal ikke ville negte, at selv den mest forsøgte tragiske Helt han gaaer som i en Dands i Sammenligning med Troens Ridder, der kun kommer langsomt og krybende frem.","translation":"He who does not see this can always be sure that he is no knight of faith; but he who does see it will not want to deny that even the most sorely tried tragic hero goes as if in a dance compared with the knight of faith, who comes forward only slowly and creeping.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Dands","title":"«Dands» — dance","body":"«Dands» is the period spelling of «dans» (dance). The contrast is striking: even the tragic hero's ordeal is light, a 'dance,' beside the knight of faith's slow, creeping advance. «seer» = sees (modern «ser»), «negte» = deny (modern «nægte»), «gaaer» = goes (modern «går»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"He"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of seer","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies seer","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"seer","lemma":"see","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Den","gloss":"sees"},{"surface":"dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of seer","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of være","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of være","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"altid","lemma":"altid","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies være","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to sikker","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"sikker","lemma":"sikker","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate adjective of være","gloss":"sure"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"complement of sikker, introduces at-clause","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Ridder","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"nogen","lemma":"nogen","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Ridder","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Ridder","gloss":"faith's"},{"surface":"Ridder","lemma":"Ridder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"knight"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of seer","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"seer","lemma":"see","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"sees"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of seer","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of negte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of negte","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies negte","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ville","lemma":"ville","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of negte","gloss":"want"},{"surface":"negte","lemma":"negte","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of ville","gloss":"deny"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gaaer","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Helt","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Helt","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"mest","lemma":"mest","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forsøgte","gloss":"most"},{"surface":"forsøgte","lemma":"forsøge","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"modifies Helt","gloss":"tried"},{"surface":"tragiske","lemma":"tragisk","morphology":"adjective, singular, definite","role":"modifies Helt","gloss":"tragic"},{"surface":"Helt","lemma":"helt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase (topic, resumed by han)","gloss":"hero"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gaaer","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"gaaer","lemma":"gaae","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the at-clause","gloss":"goes"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies gaaer (comparative: as if)","gloss":"as if"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dands","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Dands","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Dands","lemma":"Dands","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gaaer","gloss":"dance"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Sammenligning","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Sammenligning","lemma":"Sammenligning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gaaer","gloss":"comparison"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Ridder","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Ridder","gloss":"faith's"},{"surface":"Ridder","lemma":"Ridder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of med","gloss":"knight"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of kommer","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"kun","lemma":"kun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kommer","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"kommer","lemma":"komme","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Ridder","gloss":"comes"},{"surface":"langsomt","lemma":"langsomt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kommer","gloss":"slowly"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"krybende","lemma":"krybe","morphology":"verb, present, participle","role":"coordinated with langsomt","gloss":"creeping"},{"surface":"frem","lemma":"frem","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kommer","gloss":"forward"}]},{"number":133,"label":"133","id":"problema-ii-s133","source":"Og naar han har indseet dette og forvisset sig om, at han ikke har Mod til at forstaae det, da skal han vel ane den vidunderlige Herlighed, som hiin Ridder opnaaer, at han bliver Guds Fortrolige, Herrens Ven, at jeg skal tale ret menneskeligt, at han siger Du til Gud i Himlene, medens selv den tragiske Helt kun tiltaler ham i 3die Person.","translation":"And when he has grasped this and convinced himself that he has not the courage to understand it, then he will surely sense the wondrous glory that knight attains: that he becomes God's confidant, the Lord's friend — to speak quite humanly — that he says 'thou' to God in heaven, whereas even the tragic hero addresses Him only in the third person.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"naar","lemma":"naar","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of indseet","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of indseet","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of indseet","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"indseet","lemma":"indsee","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the naar-clause","gloss":"grasped"},{"surface":"dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of indseet","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"forvisset","lemma":"forvisse","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"coordinated with indseet","gloss":"convinced"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of forvisset","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of har","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of har","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of har","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies har","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the at-clause (object of om)","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"Mod","lemma":"Mod","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"courage"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces infinitive clause complementing Mod","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"infinitive marker with forstaae","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"forstaae","lemma":"forstaae","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of Mod (via til)","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of forstaae","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ane","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ane","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ane","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"vel","lemma":"vel","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ane","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"ane","lemma":"ane","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the main clause","gloss":"sense"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Herlighed","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"vidunderlige","lemma":"vidunderlig","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Herlighed","gloss":"wondrous"},{"surface":"Herlighed","lemma":"Herlighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of ane","gloss":"glory"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"direct object of opnaaer","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"hiin","lemma":"hiin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Ridder","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Ridder","lemma":"Ridder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of opnaaer","gloss":"knight"},{"surface":"opnaaer","lemma":"opnaae","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Herlighed","gloss":"attains"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of bliver","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bliver","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"bliver","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Fortrolige","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"Guds","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Fortrolige","gloss":"God's"},{"surface":"Fortrolige","lemma":"Fortrolig","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"predicate complement of bliver","gloss":"confidant"},{"surface":"Herrens","lemma":"Herre","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Ven","gloss":"the Lord's"},{"surface":"Ven","lemma":"Ven","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Fortrolige","gloss":"friend"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tale","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tale","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tale","gloss":"shall"},{"surface":"tale","lemma":"tale","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of skal","gloss":"speak"},{"surface":"ret","lemma":"ret","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies menneskeligt","gloss":"quite"},{"surface":"menneskeligt","lemma":"menneskelig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"modifies tale","gloss":"humanly"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of siger","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of siger","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"siger","lemma":"sige","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause","gloss":"says"},{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of siger","gloss":"Thou","note":"The intimate 'du' (rather than formal 'De'), signaling the personal closeness of addressing God directly."},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Gud","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of siger","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Himlene","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Himlene","lemma":"Himmel","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"modifies Gud","gloss":"heaven"},{"surface":"medens","lemma":"medens","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tiltaler","gloss":"whereas"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Helt","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Helt","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tragiske","lemma":"tragisk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Helt","gloss":"tragic"},{"surface":"Helt","lemma":"helt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tiltaler","gloss":"hero"},{"surface":"kun","lemma":"kun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tiltaler","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"tiltaler","lemma":"tiltale","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the medens-clause","gloss":"addresses"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tiltaler","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Person","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"3die","lemma":"3die","morphology":"adjective, ordinal","role":"modifies Person","gloss":"third"},{"surface":"Person","lemma":"person","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of tiltaler","gloss":"person"}]},{"number":134,"label":"134","id":"problema-ii-s134","source":"Den tragiske Helt er snart færdig, og har snart udstridt, han gjør den uendelige Bevægelse og er nu betrygget i det Almene.","translation":"The tragic hero is soon finished, and has soon fought his fight through; he makes the infinite movement and is now secured in the universal.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"den uendelige Bevægelse","title":"«den uendelige Bevægelse» — the infinite movement","body":"«den uendelige Bevægelse» (the infinite movement, i.e. of resignation) is, in Kierkegaard's scheme, a single decisive renunciation that, once made, comes to rest in the universal. The knight of faith, by contrast, can never finish it. «udstridt» = having fought to the end (past participle of «udstride»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Helt","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tragiske","lemma":"tragisk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Helt","gloss":"tragic"},{"surface":"Helt","lemma":"helt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"hero"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking Helt to færdig","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"snart","lemma":"snart","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies færdig","gloss":"soon"},{"surface":"færdig","lemma":"færdig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"finished"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of udstridt","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"snart","lemma":"snart","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies udstridt","gloss":"soon"},{"surface":"udstridt","lemma":"udstride","morphology":"verb, past participle","role":"past participle complement of har","gloss":"fought his fight through","note":"Elliptical perfect: 'har udstridt' implies 'har udstridt sin Strid' — 'has fought his struggle to the end.'"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjør","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"gjør","lemma":"gøre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause","gloss":"makes","note":"Archaic 19th-century spelling of 'gør' (infinitive 'gøre')."},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Bevægelse","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"uendelige","lemma":"uendelig","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Bevægelse","gloss":"infinite"},{"surface":"Bevægelse","lemma":"bevægelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of gjør","gloss":"movement"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of betrygget","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies betrygget","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"betrygget","lemma":"betrygge","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"predicate participle complement of er, coordinated with gjør","gloss":"secured"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Almene","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"almen","morphology":"adjective, substantivized, neuter, singular, definite","role":"object of preposition i","gloss":"universal","note":"'Det Almene' = 'the universal' — Kierkegaard's term (after Hegel's das Allgemeine) for the shared ethical order the single individual normally submits to."}]},{"number":135,"label":"135","id":"problema-ii-s135","source":"Troens Ridder derimod holdes søvnløs; thi han prøves bestandig, og i ethvert Øieblik er der en Mulighed af at kunne vende angrende tilbage til det Almene, og denne Mulighed kan ligesaa godt være en Anfægtelse som Sandhed.","translation":"The knight of faith, by contrast, is kept sleepless; for he is constantly being tested, and in every moment there is a possibility of being able to turn back, repentant, to the universal, and this possibility may just as well be a temptation as truth.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Ridder","gloss":"faith's"},{"surface":"Ridder","lemma":"ridder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of holdes","gloss":"knight"},{"surface":"derimod","lemma":"derimod","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies holdes","gloss":"by contrast"},{"surface":"holdes","lemma":"holde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is kept"},{"surface":"søvnløs","lemma":"søvnløs","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of holdes","gloss":"sleepless"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"coordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the explanatory clause","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of prøves","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"prøves","lemma":"prøve","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"coordinated with holdes","gloss":"is tested"},{"surface":"bestandig","lemma":"bestandig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies prøves","gloss":"constantly"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Øieblik","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"ethvert","lemma":"ethvert","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Øieblik","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"Øieblik","lemma":"øjeblik","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of preposition i, adverbial on er","gloss":"moment"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with prøves","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive with er","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Mulighed","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Mulighed","lemma":"mulighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er (der er construction)","gloss":"possibility"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition attached to Mulighed, introduces infinitive with vende","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"infinitive marker for kunne vende","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"kunne","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of vende","gloss":"to be able"},{"surface":"vende","lemma":"vende","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of kunne, object of af","gloss":"turn"},{"surface":"angrende","lemma":"angre","morphology":"verb, present, participle","role":"adverbial participle modifying vende","gloss":"repentant"},{"surface":"tilbage","lemma":"tilbage","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on vende","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Almene","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"almen","morphology":"adjective, substantivized, neuter, singular, definite","role":"object of preposition til","gloss":"universal"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"denne","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Mulighed","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Mulighed","lemma":"mulighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of være","gloss":"possibility"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of være","gloss":"may"},{"surface":"ligesaa","lemma":"ligesaa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies godt","gloss":"just as"},{"surface":"godt","lemma":"godt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies være","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula, complement of kan, linking Mulighed to Anfægtelse","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Anfægtelse","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Anfægtelse","lemma":"anfægtelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of være","gloss":"temptation","note":"'Anfægtelse' is Kierkegaard's term for a spiritual ordeal ambiguous between divine trial and demonic temptation."},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"conjunction, comparative","role":"introduces the second term of comparison","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"Sandhed","lemma":"sandhed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"second term of comparison, parallel to Anfægtelse","gloss":"truth"}]},{"number":136,"label":"136","id":"problema-ii-s136","source":"Oplysning derom kan han ikke hente hos noget Menneske; thi saa er han udenfor Paradoxet.","translation":"Enlightenment about this he cannot get from any human being; for then he would be outside the paradox.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Oplysning","lemma":"oplysning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of hente (fronted)","gloss":"enlightenment"},{"surface":"derom","lemma":"derom","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Oplysning","gloss":"about this"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of hente","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hente","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hente","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"hente","lemma":"hente","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"get"},{"surface":"hos","lemma":"hos","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Menneske","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"noget","lemma":"nogen","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Menneske","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"Menneske","lemma":"menneske","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of preposition hos","gloss":"person"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"coordinating conjunction","role":"links the clause","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking han to udenfor Paradoxet","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"udenfor","lemma":"udenfor","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Paradoxet","gloss":"outside"},{"surface":"Paradoxet","lemma":"paradox","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of preposition udenfor","gloss":"the paradox","note":"'Paradoxet' is Kierkegaard's term for Abraham's faith, which cannot be mediated by ethical/universal categories."}]},{"number":137,"label":"137","id":"problema-ii-s137","source":"Troens Ridder har da først og fremmest Lidenskab til i et eneste Moment at concentrere hele det Ethiske, han bryder, at han kan give sig selv den Forvisning, at han virkelig elsker Isaak af sin ganske Sjæl”).","translation":"The knight of faith therefore has, first and foremost, the passion to concentrate in a single moment the whole of the ethical, that he may give himself the assurance that he really loves Isaac with his whole soul.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Lidenskab","title":"«Lidenskab» — passion","body":"«Lidenskab» = passion — for Kierkegaard the medium of faith and the energy that lets the knight «concentrere» (concentrate) the whole ethical into one instant of assurance. (The text is corrupt here: «han bryder» appears to garble an original «behøver» or similar, and the trailing «”)» is a misplaced footnote anchor pointing to the long note attached to this passage.)"}],"words":[{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Ridder","gloss":"faith's"},{"surface":"Ridder","lemma":"ridder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of har","gloss":"knight"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies har","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"først","lemma":"først","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with fremmest, modifies har","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fremmest","lemma":"fremmest","morphology":"adverb, superlative","role":"coordinated with først","gloss":"foremost"},{"surface":"Lidenskab","lemma":"lidenskab","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"passion"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"attached to Lidenskab, introduces infinitive with concentrere","gloss":"to","note":"'Lidenskab til at...' = 'a passion to...' — idiomatic construction."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Moment","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Moment","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"eneste","lemma":"eneste","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies Moment","gloss":"single"},{"surface":"Moment","lemma":"moment","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of preposition i, adverbial on concentrere","gloss":"moment"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of concentrere","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"concentrere","lemma":"concentrere","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement governed by Lidenskab til...at","gloss":"concentrate"},{"surface":"hele","lemma":"hel","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Ethiske","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Ethiske","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Ethiske","lemma":"ethisk","morphology":"adjective, substantivized, neuter, singular, definite","role":"direct object of concentrere","gloss":"ethical","note":"'Det Ethiske' = 'the ethical' — the domain of universal moral duty, distinct from the individual's religious relation to God."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bryder","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"bryder","lemma":"bryde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Ethiske (elliptical 'som han bryder')","gloss":"breaks"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of give","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of give","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of give","gloss":"may"},{"surface":"give","lemma":"give","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"result clause after concentrere, introduced by at","gloss":"give"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"indirect object of give","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies sig","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Forvisning","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Forvisning","lemma":"forvisning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of give","gloss":"assurance"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of elsker","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of elsker","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"virkelig","lemma":"virkelig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies elsker","gloss":"really"},{"surface":"elsker","lemma":"elske","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the at-clause, in apposition to Forvisning","gloss":"loves"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of elsker","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Sjæl","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Sjæl","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"ganske","lemma":"ganske","morphology":"adjective (invariant), attributive","role":"modifies Sjæl","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"Sjæl","lemma":"sjæl","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of preposition af","gloss":"soul"}]},{"number":138,"label":"138","id":"problema-ii-s138","source":"Kan han ikke det, saa ligger han i Anfægtelse.","translation":"If he cannot do this, then he lies in temptation.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the conditional clause (modal, takes det as object)","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Kan","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Kan","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of Kan","gloss":"this","note":"'Kan han ikke det' = 'if he cannot manage that' — a Danish V1 conditional without 'hvis'."},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ligger","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"ligger","lemma":"ligge","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lies"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ligger","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Anfægtelse","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Anfægtelse","lemma":"anfægtelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of preposition i","gloss":"temptation"}]},{"number":139,"label":"139","id":"problema-ii-s139","source":"Dernæst har han Lidenskab til i et Nu at tage hele denne Forvisuing frem, og det saaledes, at den er ligesaa fuldgyldig som i det første Øjeblik.","translation":"Next he has the passion to bring forth this whole assurance in an instant, and in such a way that it is just as fully valid as in the first moment.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"et Nu","title":"«et Nu» — an instant","body":"«et Nu» = an instant, a 'now' — the concentrated present moment in which the knight must renew his whole assurance with undiminished force. («Forvisuing» is an OCR slip for «Forvisning», assurance; «fuldgyldig» = fully valid.)"}],"words":[{"surface":"Dernæst","lemma":"dernæst","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies har","gloss":"next"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of har","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"Lidenskab","lemma":"lidenskab","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"passion"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"attached to Lidenskab, introduces infinitive with tage","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Nu","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Nu","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"Nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of preposition i, adverbial on tage","gloss":"instant"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of tage","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"tage","lemma":"tage","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement governed by Lidenskab til...at","gloss":"bring"},{"surface":"hele","lemma":"hel","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Forvisuing","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"denne","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Forvisuing","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Forvisuing","lemma":"forvisning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tage","gloss":"assurance","note":"Apparent typo for 'Forvisning' (assurance), the same word used elsewhere in this text."},{"surface":"frem","lemma":"frem","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on tage","gloss":"forth"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"resumptive pronoun anticipating the at-clause (idiom 'og det saaledes, at...')","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverb of manner, correlate of at-clause","gloss":"thus"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fuldgyldig","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to fuldgyldig","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ligesaa","lemma":"ligesaa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fuldgyldig","gloss":"just as"},{"surface":"fuldgyldig","lemma":"fuldgyldig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"fully valid"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"conjunction, comparative","role":"introduces the second term of comparison","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Øjeblik","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Øjeblik","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"første","lemma":"første","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies Øjeblik","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"Øjeblik","lemma":"øjeblik","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of preposition i","gloss":"moment"}]},{"number":140,"label":"140","id":"problema-ii-s140","source":"Kan han ikke det, saa kommer han ikke af Stedet; thi saa maa han bestandig begynde forfra.","translation":"If he cannot do this, then he does not get anywhere; for then he must constantly begin again from the start.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the conditional clause (modal, takes det as object)","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Kan","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Kan","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of Kan","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kommer","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"kommer","lemma":"komme","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"gets"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kommer","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kommer","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Stedet","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"Stedet","lemma":"sted","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of preposition af","gloss":"the spot","note":"'Komme af Stedet' is an idiom, literally 'move from the spot,' meaning 'make progress, get anywhere.'"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"coordinating conjunction","role":"links the clause","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies maa","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"maa","lemma":"maatte","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of begynde","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of begynde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"bestandig","lemma":"bestandig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies begynde","gloss":"constantly"},{"surface":"begynde","lemma":"begynde","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the clause, complement of maa","gloss":"begin"},{"surface":"forfra","lemma":"forfra","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies begynde","gloss":"from the start"}]},{"number":141,"label":"141","id":"problema-ii-s141","source":"Den tragiske Helt concentrerer ogsaa det Ethiske, han teleologisk gik ud over, i eet Moment, men han har i denne Henseende Tilhold i det Almene.","translation":"The tragic hero too concentrates in one moment the ethical that he teleologically went beyond, but in this respect he has support in the universal.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Tilhold","title":"«Tilhold» — support, refuge","body":"«Tilhold» = a hold/refuge/support — what the tragic hero has in the universal and the knight of faith lacks. «teleologisk gik ud over» ('teleologically went beyond') recalls the teleological suspension of the ethical from Problema I. «eet» (modern «ét») is emphatic 'one.'"}],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Helt","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tragiske","lemma":"tragisk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Helt","gloss":"tragic"},{"surface":"Helt","lemma":"helt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of concentrerer","gloss":"hero"},{"surface":"concentrerer","lemma":"concentrere","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"concentrates"},{"surface":"ogsaa","lemma":"ogsaa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies concentrerer","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Ethiske","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Ethiske","lemma":"ethisk","morphology":"adjective, substantivized, neuter, singular, definite","role":"direct object of concentrerer","gloss":"ethical"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gik","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"teleologisk","lemma":"teleologisk","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gik","gloss":"teleologically","note":"'Teleologically' = toward a higher purpose — the key term from this section's question, 'the teleological suspension of the ethical.'"},{"surface":"gik","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Ethiske","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"ud","lemma":"ud","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of phrasal 'gik ud over', depends on gik","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"over","lemma":"over","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on ud","gloss":"beyond"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Moment","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"eet","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Moment","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"Moment","lemma":"moment","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of preposition i, adverbial on concentrerer","gloss":"moment"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of har","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Henseende","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"denne","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Henseende","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Henseende","lemma":"henseende","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of preposition i","gloss":"respect"},{"surface":"Tilhold","lemma":"tilhold","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"support"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Almene","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"almen","morphology":"adjective, substantivized, neuter, singular, definite","role":"object of preposition i","gloss":"universal"}]},{"number":142,"label":"142","id":"problema-ii-s142","source":"Troens Ridder har kun ene og alene sig selv, og deri ligger det Forfærdelige.","translation":"The knight of faith has only and alone himself, and therein lies the terrible thing.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Ridder","gloss":"faith's"},{"surface":"Ridder","lemma":"ridder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of har","gloss":"knight"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"kun","lemma":"kun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies har","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"ene","lemma":"ene","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies har, part of idiom 'ene og alene'","gloss":"alone","note":"'Ene og alene' is an emphatic doubling idiom meaning 'solely, exclusively.'"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"alene","lemma":"alene","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with ene","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies sig","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"deri","lemma":"deri","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ligger","gloss":"therein"},{"surface":"ligger","lemma":"ligge","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the second clause, coordinated with har","gloss":"lies"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Forfærdelige","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Forfærdelige","lemma":"forfærdelig","morphology":"adjective, substantivized, neuter, singular, definite","role":"subject of ligger","gloss":"terrible thing"}]},{"number":143,"label":"143","id":"problema-ii-s143","source":"De fleste Mennesker leve i en ethisk Forpligtelse saaledes, at de lade hver Dag have sin Sorg, men de komme da heller aldrig til denne lidenskabelige Concentration, denne energiske Bevidsthed.","translation":"Most people live in an ethical obligation in such a way that they let each day have its own sorrow, but then they never come to this passionate concentration, this energetic consciousness.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ethisk Forpligtelse","title":"«ethisk Forpligtelse» — ethical obligation","body":"«Forpligtelse» = obligation/duty. Most people remain in a diffuse ethical duty ('each day has its own sorrow,' echoing Matthew 6:34) and never reach the «lidenskabelige Concentration» — the passionate gathering of the whole self into one moment that faith demands. «leve» and «lade» are old plurals (modern «lever», «lader»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of Mennesker","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"fleste","lemma":"mange","morphology":"adjective, plural, superlative","role":"modifies Mennesker","gloss":"most"},{"surface":"Mennesker","lemma":"menneske","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural","role":"subject of leve","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"leve","lemma":"leve","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active, plural (archaic agreement)","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"live"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Forpligtelse","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Forpligtelse","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"ethisk","lemma":"ethisk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Forpligtelse","gloss":"ethical"},{"surface":"Forpligtelse","lemma":"forpligtelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of preposition i","gloss":"obligation"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies leve","gloss":"in such a way"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of lade","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of lade","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"lade","lemma":"lade","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active, plural (archaic agreement)","role":"main verb of the at-clause","gloss":"let"},{"surface":"hver","lemma":"hver","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Dag","gloss":"each"},{"surface":"Dag","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of lade / subject of have","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"have","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of lade","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Sorg","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"Sorg","lemma":"sorg","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of have","gloss":"sorrow"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of komme","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"komme","lemma":"komme","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active, plural (archaic agreement)","role":"main verb of the clause, coordinated with leve","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies komme","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"heller","lemma":"heller","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies aldrig","gloss":"either"},{"surface":"aldrig","lemma":"aldrig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies komme","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Concentration","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"denne","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Concentration","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"lidenskabelige","lemma":"lidenskabelig","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Concentration","gloss":"passionate"},{"surface":"Concentration","lemma":"concentration","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of preposition til, in apposition with Bevidsthed","gloss":"concentration"},{"surface":"denne","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Bevidsthed","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"energiske","lemma":"energisk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Bevidsthed","gloss":"energetic"},{"surface":"Bevidsthed","lemma":"bevidsthed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"in apposition to Concentration, object of til","gloss":"consciousness"}]},{"number":144,"label":"144","id":"problema-ii-s144","source":"Til at faae denne kan i en vis Forstand det Almene være den tragiske Helt behjælpeligt, men Troens Ridder er ene om ”) Forskjellen mellem Collisionen, saaledes som denne er sat den tragiske Helt og Troens Ridder, vil jeg endnu engang belyse.","translation":"In a certain sense the universal can help the tragic hero attain this, but the knight of faith is alone in it. — The difference between the collision as it is set for the tragic hero and for the knight of faith I will illuminate once more.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the fronted infinitive clause with faae","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of faae","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"faae","lemma":"faae","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive verb of the fronted purpose clause","gloss":"attain"},{"surface":"denne","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of faae","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of behjælpeligt","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Forstand","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Forstand","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"vis","lemma":"vis","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Forstand","gloss":"certain"},{"surface":"Forstand","lemma":"forstand","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of preposition i, adverbial on kan","gloss":"sense"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"almen","morphology":"adjective, substantivized, neuter, singular, definite","role":"subject of være","gloss":"universal"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking Almene to behjælpeligt, complement of kan","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Helt","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tragiske","lemma":"tragisk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Helt","gloss":"tragic"},{"surface":"Helt","lemma":"helt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"dative object of behjælpeligt","gloss":"hero"},{"surface":"behjælpeligt","lemma":"behjælpelig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of være","gloss":"helpful"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Ridder","gloss":"faith's"},{"surface":"Ridder","lemma":"ridder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"knight"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking Ridder to ene","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ene","lemma":"ene","morphology":"adjective","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition following ene, object elided","gloss":"in it"},{"surface":"Forskjellen","lemma":"forskjel","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of belyse","gloss":"the difference"},{"surface":"mellem","lemma":"mellem","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Collisionen","gloss":"between"},{"surface":"Collisionen","lemma":"collision","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of preposition mellem, referent of denne below","gloss":"the collision"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the manner clause with som","gloss":"just as"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sat","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"denne","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sat","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of sat","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"sat","lemma":"sætte","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"predicate participle, main verb of the relative clause","gloss":"posed"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Helt","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tragiske","lemma":"tragisk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Helt","gloss":"tragic"},{"surface":"Helt","lemma":"helt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of sat (elided 'for')","gloss":"hero"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Ridder","gloss":"faith's"},{"surface":"Ridder","lemma":"ridder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Helt, object of sat","gloss":"knight"},{"surface":"vil","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of belyse","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of belyse","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"endnu","lemma":"endnu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies engang","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"engang","lemma":"engang","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies belyse","gloss":"once"},{"surface":"belyse","lemma":"belyse","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"illuminate"}]},{"number":145,"label":"145","id":"problema-ii-s145","source":"Den tragiske Helt forvisser sig om, al den ethiske Forpligtelse er totalt tilstede i ham derved, at han forvandler den til et Ønske.","translation":"The tragic hero assures himself that the whole ethical obligation is totally present in him by transforming it into a wish.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Ønske","title":"«Ønske» — wish","body":"«Ønske» = wish/desire. The tragic hero proves the duty is wholly his by making it his own «Ønske», so that wish and duty coincide. («al» here reads for «at», the conjunction 'that.') This sets up the contrast with the knight of faith, for whom wish and duty must both be given up."}],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Helt","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tragiske","lemma":"tragisk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Helt","gloss":"tragic"},{"surface":"Helt","lemma":"helt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of forvisser","gloss":"hero"},{"surface":"forvisser","lemma":"forvisse","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"assures"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of forvisser","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the content clause (om = 'that')","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"al","lemma":"al","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Forpligtelse","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Forpligtelse","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ethiske","lemma":"ethisk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Forpligtelse","gloss":"ethical"},{"surface":"Forpligtelse","lemma":"forpligtelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"obligation"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to tilstede","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"totalt","lemma":"totalt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tilstede","gloss":"totally"},{"surface":"tilstede","lemma":"tilstede","morphology":"adjective, invariant","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"present"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ham","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"object of preposition i","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"derved","lemma":"derved","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies 'er tilstede', anticipates the at-clause","gloss":"thereby"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of forvandler","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of forvandler","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"forvandler","lemma":"forvandle","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the derved-clause (means clause)","gloss":"transforms"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of forvandler","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Ønske","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Ønske","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Ønske","lemma":"ønske","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of preposition til","gloss":"wish"}]},{"number":146,"label":"146","id":"problema-ii-s146","source":"Agamemnon kan saaledes sige: dette er mig Beviset for, at jeg ikke krænker min Faderpligt, at det, der er min Pligt, er mit eneste Ønske.","translation":"Agamemnon can thus say: this is the proof to me that I do not violate my fatherly duty, that what is my duty is my only wish.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Agamemnon","lemma":"Agamemnon","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of sige","gloss":"Agamemnon"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of sige","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sige","gloss":"thus"},{"surface":"sige","lemma":"sige","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"say"},{"surface":"dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking dette to Beviset","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of er","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"Beviset","lemma":"Bevis","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"the proof"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the at-clauses complementing Beviset","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of krænker","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of krænker","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies krænker","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"krænker","lemma":"krænke","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"verb of the at-clause modifying Beviset","gloss":"violate"},{"surface":"min","lemma":"min","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Faderpligt","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"Faderpligt","lemma":"Faderpligt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of krænker","gloss":"fatherly duty"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the second at-clause complement of Beviset","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of the final er","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of er (der er min Pligt)","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking der to Pligt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"min","lemma":"min","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Pligt","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"Pligt","lemma":"Pligt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er (der er min Pligt)","gloss":"duty"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking det to Ønske","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"mit","lemma":"min","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Ønske","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"eneste","lemma":"eneste","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies Ønske","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"Ønske","lemma":"Ønske","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of the final er","gloss":"wish"}]},{"number":147,"label":"147","id":"problema-ii-s147","source":"Vi have altsaa her Ønske og Pligt ligeoverfor hinanden.","translation":"We thus have here wish and duty set over against each other.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of have","gloss":"We"},{"surface":"have","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"have","note":"\"have\" is the old plural present-tense form of \"have\" (agreeing with \"Vi\"); the modern singular form is \"har\"."},{"surface":"altsaa","lemma":"altsaa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies have","gloss":"thus"},{"surface":"her","lemma":"her","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies have","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"Ønske","lemma":"Ønske","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of have","gloss":"wish"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Pligt","lemma":"Pligt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Ønske","gloss":"duty"},{"surface":"ligeoverfor","lemma":"ligeoverfor","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hinanden","gloss":"opposite"},{"surface":"hinanden","lemma":"hinanden","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"oblique complement of ligeoverfor","gloss":"each other"}]},{"number":148,"label":"148","id":"problema-ii-s148","source":"Det Lykkelige i Livet er, at det falder sammen, at mit Ønske er min Pligt og omvendt, og de fleste Menneskers Opgave i Livet er netop at blive i deres Pligt, og at forvandle den ved deres Begeistring til deres Ønske.","translation":"The fortunate thing in life is that the two coincide, that my wish is my duty and vice versa; and most people's task in life is precisely to remain in their duty, and by their enthusiasm to transform it into their wish.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Lykkelige","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"Lykkelige","lemma":"Lykkelig","morphology":"adjective, singular, substantivized","role":"subject of er","gloss":"fortunate thing"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Livet","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Livet","lemma":"liv","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"oblique complement of Lykkelige","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of falder","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of falder","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"falder","lemma":"falde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of er","gloss":"falls","note":"\"falde sammen\" is an idiom meaning \"to coincide,\" not literally \"to fall together.\""},{"surface":"sammen","lemma":"sammen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies falder","gloss":"together"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er (mit Ønske er min Pligt)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"mit","lemma":"min","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Ønske","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"Ønske","lemma":"Ønske","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er (mit Ønske er min Pligt)","gloss":"wish"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking Ønske to Pligt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"min","lemma":"min","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Pligt","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"Pligt","lemma":"Pligt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er (mit Ønske er min Pligt)","gloss":"duty"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"omvendt","lemma":"omvendt","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with er (mit Ønske er min Pligt), elliptical","gloss":"vice versa","note":"Elliptical: \"og omvendt\" = \"and vice versa,\" short for \"and my duty is my wish.\""},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination (of the two main clauses)","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of Menneskers","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"fleste","lemma":"mange","morphology":"adjective, plural, superlative","role":"modifies Menneskers","gloss":"most"},{"surface":"Menneskers","lemma":"Menneske","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, plural","role":"possessor of Opgave","gloss":"people's"},{"surface":"Opgave","lemma":"Opgave","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er (netop at blive...)","gloss":"task"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Livet","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Livet","lemma":"liv","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"oblique complement of Opgave","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the second clause","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"netop","lemma":"netop","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"precisely"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of blive","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"blive","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"predicate complement of er (Opgave er at blive...)","gloss":"remain"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Pligt","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"deres","lemma":"deres","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Pligt","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"Pligt","lemma":"Pligt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of blive","gloss":"duty"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of forvandle","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"forvandle","lemma":"forvandle","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with blive (predicate complement of er)","gloss":"transform"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of forvandle","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Begeistring","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"deres","lemma":"deres","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Begeistring","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"Begeistring","lemma":"begeistring","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of forvandle","gloss":"enthusiasm"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Ønske","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"deres","lemma":"deres","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Ønske","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"Ønske","lemma":"Ønske","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of til","gloss":"wish"}]},{"number":149,"label":"149","id":"problema-ii-s149","source":"Den tragiske Helt opgiver sit Ønske for at fuldkomme sin Pligt.","translation":"The tragic hero gives up his wish in order to fulfill his duty.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Helt","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"tragiske","lemma":"tragisk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Helt","gloss":"tragic"},{"surface":"Helt","lemma":"Helt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of opgiver","gloss":"hero"},{"surface":"opgiver","lemma":"opgive","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"gives up"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Ønske","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Ønske","lemma":"Ønske","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of opgiver","gloss":"wish"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of fuldkomme","gloss":"in order"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of fuldkomme","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"fuldkomme","lemma":"fuldkomme","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on opgiver","gloss":"fulfill"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Pligt","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Pligt","lemma":"Pligt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of fuldkomme","gloss":"duty"}]},{"number":150,"label":"150","id":"problema-ii-s150","source":"For Troens Ridder er Ønske og Pligt ogsaa identiske, men der fordres, at han skal opgive begge Dele.","translation":"For the knight of faith, wish and duty are also identical, but it is demanded of him that he give up both.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"der fordres","title":"«der fordres, at …» — it is demanded that","body":"An impersonal passive: «der fordres, at han skal opgive» = 'it is required that he give up.' The subjunctive force ('he shall / must give up') marks a demand, not a statement of fact. «begge Dele» = both parts/both of them."}],"words":[{"surface":"For","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Ridder","gloss":"For"},{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Ridder","gloss":"faith's"},{"surface":"Ridder","lemma":"Ridder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of For","gloss":"knight"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking Ønske and Pligt to identiske","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"Ønske","lemma":"Ønske","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"wish"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Pligt","lemma":"Pligt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Ønske","gloss":"duty"},{"surface":"ogsaa","lemma":"ogsaa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies identiske","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"identiske","lemma":"identisk","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"identical"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, expletive","role":"formal subject of fordres","gloss":"there","note":"\"der\" here is a dummy/expletive subject; \"der fordres, at...\" = \"it is demanded that...\"."},{"surface":"fordres","lemma":"fordre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the clause, coordinated with er","gloss":"is demanded"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of opgive","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of opgive","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of opgive","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"opgive","lemma":"opgive","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of fordres","gloss":"give up"},{"surface":"begge","lemma":"begge","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of Dele","gloss":"both"},{"surface":"Dele","lemma":"del","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of opgive","gloss":"parts"}]},{"number":151,"label":"151","id":"problema-ii-s151","source":"Naar han da vil resignere ved at opgive sit Ønske, da finder han ikke Hvile; thi det er jo hans Pligt.","translation":"When he then wishes to resign by giving up his wish, he finds no rest; for it is, after all, his duty.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Naar","lemma":"naar","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of resignere","gloss":"When"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of resignere","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies resignere","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"vil","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of resignere","gloss":"wants"},{"surface":"resignere","lemma":"resignere","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the Naar-clause","gloss":"resign"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of opgive","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of opgive","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"opgive","lemma":"opgive","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on resignere","gloss":"giving up"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Ønske","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Ønske","lemma":"Ønske","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of opgive","gloss":"wish"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies finder","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"finder","lemma":"finde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"finds"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of finder","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies finder","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"Hvile","lemma":"hvile","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of finder","gloss":"rest"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"coordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the explanatory clause (det er hans Pligt)","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking det to Pligt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"jo","lemma":"jo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"after all"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Pligt","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Pligt","lemma":"Pligt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"duty"}]},{"number":152,"label":"152","id":"problema-ii-s152","source":"Vil han blive i Pligten og i sit Ønske, da bliver han ikke Troens . Ridder; thi den absolute Pligt fordrede netop, at han skulde opgive den.","translation":"If he wants to remain in his duty and in his wish, then he does not become the knight of faith; for the absolute duty demanded precisely that he give it up.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"den absolute Pligt","title":"«den absolute Pligt» — the absolute duty","body":"«den absolute Pligt» (the absolute duty toward God) is the duty that overrides even the ethical 'duty' which is the universal — it requires giving up the very duty/wish the tragic hero rests in. (The stray period in «Troens . Ridder» is a typesetting artifact, not a sentence break.)"}],"words":[{"surface":"Vil","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of blive","gloss":"wants"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blive","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"blive","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the Vil-clause","gloss":"remain"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Pligten","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Pligten","lemma":"Pligt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"oblique complement of blive","gloss":"his duty"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Ønske","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Ønske","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Ønske","lemma":"Ønske","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of i","gloss":"wish"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bliver","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"bliver","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking han to Ridder","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bliver","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bliver","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Ridder","gloss":"faith's"},{"surface":"Ridder","lemma":"Ridder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of bliver","gloss":"knight"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"coordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fordrede","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Pligt","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"absolute","lemma":"absolut","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Pligt","gloss":"absolute"},{"surface":"Pligt","lemma":"Pligt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fordrede","gloss":"duty"},{"surface":"fordrede","lemma":"fordre","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause introduced by thi","gloss":"demanded"},{"surface":"netop","lemma":"netop","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fordrede","gloss":"precisely"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of opgive","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of opgive","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of opgive","gloss":"should"},{"surface":"opgive","lemma":"opgive","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of fordrede","gloss":"give up"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of opgive","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":153,"label":"153","id":"problema-ii-s153","source":"Den tragiske Helt fik et højere Udtryk af Pligt, men ikke en absolut Pligt.","translation":"The tragic hero received a higher expression of duty, but not an absolute duty.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Helt","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"tragiske","lemma":"tragisk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Helt","gloss":"tragic"},{"surface":"Helt","lemma":"Helt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fik","gloss":"hero"},{"surface":"fik","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"received"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Udtryk","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"højere","lemma":"høj","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"modifies Udtryk","gloss":"higher"},{"surface":"Udtryk","lemma":"Udtryk","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of fik","gloss":"expression"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Pligt","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Pligt","lemma":"Pligt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of af","gloss":"duty"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Pligt","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Pligt","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"absolut","lemma":"absolut","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Pligt","gloss":"absolute"},{"surface":"Pligt","lemma":"Pligt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Udtryk (object of elided fik)","gloss":"duty"}]},{"number":154,"label":"154","id":"problema-ii-s154","source":"Alt.","translation":"Everything.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Alt","lemma":"alt","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Everything"}]},{"number":155,"label":"155","id":"problema-ii-s155","source":"Den tragiske Helt gjør det og finder Hvile i det Almene, Troens Ridder holdes bestandig i Spænding.","translation":"The tragic hero does it and finds rest in the universal; the knight of faith is kept constantly in tension.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Helt","gloss":"The"},{"surface":"tragiske","lemma":"tragisk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Helt","gloss":"tragic"},{"surface":"Helt","lemma":"Helt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjør","gloss":"hero"},{"surface":"gjør","lemma":"gøre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"does"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gjør","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"finder","lemma":"finde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with gjør","gloss":"finds"},{"surface":"Hvile","lemma":"hvile","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of finder","gloss":"rest"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Almene","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"almen","morphology":"adjective, singular, substantivized","role":"oblique complement of i","gloss":"universal"},{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Ridder","gloss":"faith's"},{"surface":"Ridder","lemma":"Ridder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of holdes","gloss":"knight"},{"surface":"holdes","lemma":"holde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is kept"},{"surface":"bestandig","lemma":"bestandig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies holdes","gloss":"constantly"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Spænding","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Spænding","lemma":"Spænding","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of holdes","gloss":"tension"}]},{"number":156,"label":"156","id":"problema-ii-s156","source":"Agamemnon opgiver Iphigenia og har derved fundet Hvile i det Almene, skrider nu til at offre hende.","translation":"Agamemnon gives up Iphigenia and has thereby found rest in the universal; he now proceeds to sacrifice her.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Agamemnon","lemma":"Agamemnon","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of opgiver","gloss":"Agamemnon"},{"surface":"opgiver","lemma":"opgive","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"gives up"},{"surface":"Iphigenia","lemma":"Iphigenia","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of opgiver","gloss":"Iphigenia"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of fundet","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"derved","lemma":"derved","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fundet","gloss":"thereby"},{"surface":"fundet","lemma":"finde","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"coordinated with opgiver","gloss":"found"},{"surface":"Hvile","lemma":"hvile","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of fundet","gloss":"rest"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Almene","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"almen","morphology":"adjective, singular, substantivized","role":"oblique complement of i","gloss":"universal"},{"surface":"skrider","lemma":"skride","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with opgiver","gloss":"proceeds"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies skrider","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of offre","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of offre","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"offre","lemma":"offre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"verb of the til-clause complementing skrider","gloss":"sacrifice"},{"surface":"hende","lemma":"hun","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of offre","gloss":"her"}]},{"number":157,"label":"157","id":"problema-ii-s157","source":"Har Agamemnon ikke gjort Bevægelsen, har hans Sjæl i det afgjørende Øieblik, istedenfor lidenskabelig Concentration, været fortabt i almindeligt Pjat om, at han havde flere Døttre, og at der endnu vielleicht kunde skee das Ausserordentliche — saa er han naturligviis ikke Helt, men Hospitalslem.","translation":"If Agamemnon has not made the movement — if his soul in the decisive moment, instead of passionate concentration, has been lost in ordinary chatter about how he had several daughters and that perhaps the extraordinary might yet happen — then of course he is not a hero, but a hospital inmate.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"vielleicht … das Ausserordentliche","title":"«vielleicht … das Ausserordentliche» — German interjection","body":"Kierkegaard drops into German for the chatter: «vielleicht» = 'perhaps,' «das Ausserordentliche» = 'the extraordinary' — the mediocre soul's wishful 'maybe something extraordinary will turn up.' «Hospitalslem» = an inmate of an almshouse/asylum; «Pjat» = idle chatter, twaddle. The conditional is again formed by inversion (no 'if': «Har Agamemnon ikke gjort…»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Har","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gjort","gloss":"Has"},{"surface":"Agamemnon","lemma":"Agamemnon","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of gjort","gloss":"Agamemnon"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gjort","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"gjort","lemma":"gøre","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the first conditional clause","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"Bevægelsen","lemma":"Bevægelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"direct object of gjort","gloss":"the movement"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of fortabt","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Sjæl","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Sjæl","lemma":"sjæl","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fortabt","gloss":"soul"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Øieblik","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Øieblik","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"afgjørende","lemma":"afgjøre","morphology":"verb, present, participle","role":"modifies Øieblik","gloss":"decisive"},{"surface":"Øieblik","lemma":"Øieblik","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of i","gloss":"moment"},{"surface":"istedenfor","lemma":"istedenfor","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Concentration","gloss":"instead of"},{"surface":"lidenskabelig","lemma":"lidenskabelig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Concentration","gloss":"passionate"},{"surface":"Concentration","lemma":"Concentration","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of istedenfor","gloss":"concentration"},{"surface":"været","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, participle, singular","role":"auxiliary of fortabt","gloss":"been"},{"surface":"fortabt","lemma":"fortabe","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the second conditional clause","gloss":"lost"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Pjat","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"almindeligt","lemma":"almindelig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"modifies Pjat","gloss":"ordinary"},{"surface":"Pjat","lemma":"Pjat","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of i","gloss":"chatter"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of havde","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of havde","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of havde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"verb of the clause introduced by om, at","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"flere","lemma":"mange","morphology":"adjective, plural, comparative","role":"modifies Døttre","gloss":"several"},{"surface":"Døttre","lemma":"datter","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of havde","gloss":"daughters"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of skee","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, expletive","role":"formal subject of skee","gloss":"there","note":"\"der\" is a dummy/expletive subject here; the real (postponed) subject of \"skee\" is \"das Ausserordentliche\"."},{"surface":"endnu","lemma":"endnu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kunde","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"vielleicht","lemma":"vielleicht","morphology":"adverb (German)","role":"modifies skee","gloss":"perhaps","note":"German word inserted into the Danish text by Kierkegaard, meaning \"perhaps.\""},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of skee","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"skee","lemma":"ske","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"verb of the at-clause introduced by at (der endnu vielleicht kunde skee)","gloss":"happen"},{"surface":"das","lemma":"das","morphology":"determiner (German)","role":"determiner of Ausserordentliche","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Ausserordentliche","lemma":"ausserordentlich","morphology":"adjective (German), substantivized","role":"logical subject of skee","gloss":"extraordinary","note":"German for \"the extraordinary\" — another code-switch into German alongside \"vielleicht\"."},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking han to Helt, Hospitalslem","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"naturligviis","lemma":"naturligviis","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"of course"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Helt","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"Helt","lemma":"Helt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"hero"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Hospitalslem","lemma":"Hospitalslem","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Helt (predicate complement of er)","gloss":"hospital inmate","note":"Compound: \"Hospital\" + \"lem\" (member/inmate) — an inmate of a poorhouse-hospital."}]},{"number":158,"label":"158","id":"problema-ii-s158","source":"Heltens Concentration har Abraham ogsaa, om den end i ham er langt vanskeligere, da han slet intet Tilhold har i det Almene, men han gjør endnu en Bevægelse, hvorved han samler sin Sjæl tilbage paa Vidunderet.","translation":"The hero's concentration Abraham has too, though in him it is far more difficult, since he has no support whatever in the universal; but he makes yet another movement, by which he gathers his soul back upon the wonder.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Vidunderet","title":"«Vidunderet» — the wonder, the miracle","body":"«Vidunderet» = the wonder/miracle — that Abraham will get Isaac back, believing 'by virtue of the absurd.' This is the second, distinctively religious movement (beyond the tragic hero's single resignation) by which faith gathers the soul. «Tilhold» = support (again, what Abraham lacks in the universal)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Heltens","lemma":"Helt","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Concentration","gloss":"The hero's"},{"surface":"Concentration","lemma":"Concentration","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of har (fronted)","gloss":"concentration"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of har","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"ogsaa","lemma":"ogsaa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies har","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the concessive clause with end (om...end = \"even though\")","gloss":"though","note":"\"om...end\" is a concessive construction meaning \"even though/however much.\""},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"adverb","role":"intensifies om (concessive \"om...end\")","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ham","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of i","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking den to vanskeligere","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"langt","lemma":"langt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vanskeligere","gloss":"far"},{"surface":"vanskeligere","lemma":"vanskelig","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"more difficult"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of har","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of har","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"slet","lemma":"slet","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies intet","gloss":"at all"},{"surface":"intet","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Tilhold","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"Tilhold","lemma":"Tilhold","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"support"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the da-clause","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking det","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"almen","morphology":"adjective, singular, substantivized","role":"oblique complement of i","gloss":"universal"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjør","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"gjør","lemma":"gøre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with har","gloss":"makes"},{"surface":"endnu","lemma":"endnu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Bevægelse","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Bevægelse","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Bevægelse","lemma":"bevægelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of gjør","gloss":"movement"},{"surface":"hvorved","lemma":"hvorved","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies samler","gloss":"by which"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of samler","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"samler","lemma":"samle","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the relative clause introduced by hvorved","gloss":"gathers"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Sjæl","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Sjæl","lemma":"sjæl","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of samler","gloss":"soul"},{"surface":"tilbage","lemma":"tilbage","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies samler","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Vidunderet","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"Vidunderet","lemma":"Vidunder","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"oblique complement of paa","gloss":"the wonder"}]},{"number":159,"label":"159","id":"problema-ii-s159","source":"Har Abraham ikke gjort det, saa er han kun en Ågamemnon, forsaavidt man da ellers kan forklare, hvorledes det lader sig forsvare at ville offre Isaak, naar man dermed ikke gavner det Almene.","translation":"If Abraham has not done this, then he is only an Agamemnon — insofar as one can otherwise explain how it can be defended to want to sacrifice Isaac, when one thereby does no good to the universal.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Har","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gjort","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of gjort","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gjort","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"gjort","lemma":"gøre","morphology":"verb, past, participle, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"done"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gjort","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Ågamemnon","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Ågamemnon","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kun","lemma":"kun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Ågamemnon","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Ågamemnon","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"Ågamemnon","lemma":"Agamemnon","morphology":"proper noun","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Agamemnon","note":"Source spells the name with 'Å' (Ågamemnon); refers to the Greek king Agamemnon, who sacrificed his daughter Iphigenia — the pagan parallel to Abraham that Kierkegaard rejects."},{"surface":"forsaavidt","lemma":"forsaavidt","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of forklare","gloss":"insofar as"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of forklare","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forklare","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ellers","lemma":"ellers","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forklare","gloss":"otherwise"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of forklare","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"forklare","lemma":"forklare","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on er","gloss":"explain"},{"surface":"hvorledes","lemma":"hvorledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of lader","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of lader","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"lader","lemma":"lade","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of forklare","gloss":"can be","note":"'lade sig + infinitive' is a passive/modal idiom: 'det lader sig forsvare' = 'it can be defended.'"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of lader","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"forsvare","lemma":"forsvare","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of lader","gloss":"defended"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of offre","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ville","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of offre","gloss":"want to"},{"surface":"offre","lemma":"offre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of forsvare","gloss":"sacrifice"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of offre","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"naar","lemma":"naar","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gavner","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of gavner","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"dermed","lemma":"dermed","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gavner","gloss":"thereby"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gavner","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"gavner","lemma":"gavne","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on forsvare","gloss":"benefits"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"almen","morphology":"noun (substantivized adjective), neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gavner","gloss":"universal"}]},{"number":160,"label":"160","id":"problema-ii-s160","source":"Om den Enkelte nu virkelig ligger i en Anfægtelse eller han er Troens Ridder, det kan kun den Enkelte selv afgjøre.","translation":"Whether the single individual now really lies in a temptation or is the knight of faith, that only the single individual himself can decide.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ligger","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"enkelt","morphology":"adjective (substantivized), singular","role":"subject of ligger","gloss":"single individual"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ligger","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"virkelig","lemma":"virkelig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ligger","gloss":"really"},{"surface":"ligger","lemma":"ligge","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause introduced by Om","gloss":"lies"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Anfægtelse","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Anfægtelse","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Anfægtelse","lemma":"Anfægtelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of i","gloss":"temptation"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Ridder","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Ridder","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Ridder","gloss":"faith's"},{"surface":"Ridder","lemma":"Ridder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with ligger","gloss":"knight"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of afgjøre","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of afgjøre","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"kun","lemma":"kun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Enkelte","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"enkelt","morphology":"adjective (substantivized), singular","role":"subject of afgjøre","gloss":"single individual"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies Enkelte","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"afgjøre","lemma":"afgjøre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"decide"}]},{"number":161,"label":"161","id":"problema-ii-s161","source":"Imidlertid lod der sig dog ud af Paradoxet construere nogle Kjendetegn, som ogsaa den kan forstaae, der ikke er deri.","translation":"Nevertheless, some marks could be constructed out of the paradox that even one who is not in it can understand.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Kjendetegn","title":"«Kjendetegn» — distinguishing marks","body":"«Kjendetegn» (with «Kj», modern «kendetegn») = distinguishing marks/criteria. Although the paradox cannot be entered from outside, Kierkegaard offers outward signs by which the true knight of faith can be told from the counterfeit. «construere» = construct (Latinate); «forstaae» = understand (old infinitive)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Imidlertid","lemma":"imidlertid","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lod","gloss":"nevertheless"},{"surface":"lod","lemma":"lade","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"could be","note":"'lade sig + infinitive' is a passive/modal idiom: 'lod sig construere' = 'could be constructed.'"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive with lod","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of lod","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lod","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"ud","lemma":"ud","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies construere","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Paradoxet","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Paradoxet","lemma":"paradox","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"object of af","gloss":"the paradox"},{"surface":"construere","lemma":"construere","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of lod","gloss":"constructed"},{"surface":"nogle","lemma":"nogen","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of Kjendetegn","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"Kjendetegn","lemma":"Kjendetegn","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of construere","gloss":"marks"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of forstaae","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ogsaa","lemma":"ogsaa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies den","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of forstaae","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of forstaae","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"forstaae","lemma":"forstaae","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"relative clause on Kjendetegn","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of er","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"deri","lemma":"deri","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"in it"}]},{"number":162,"label":"162","id":"problema-ii-s162","source":"Den sande Troens Ridder er altid den absolute Isolation, den uægte er secterisk.","translation":"The true knight of faith is always absolute isolation; the false one is sectarian.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"secterisk","title":"«secterisk» — sectarian","body":"«secterisk» (modern «sekterisk») = sectarian. The decisive mark: the genuine knight of faith stands in «absolut Isolation», utterly alone; the counterfeit huddles into a sect to manufacture a substitute 'universal.' «sande» = true; «uægte» = false/inauthentic."}],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Ridder","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sande","lemma":"sand","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Ridder","gloss":"true"},{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Ridder","gloss":"faith's"},{"surface":"Ridder","lemma":"Ridder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Isolation","gloss":"knight"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Isolation","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"altid","lemma":"altid","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Isolation","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Isolation","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"absolute","lemma":"absolut","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies Isolation","gloss":"absolute"},{"surface":"Isolation","lemma":"isolation","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"isolation"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of uægte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"uægte","lemma":"uægte","morphology":"adjective (substantivized), singular","role":"subject of secterisk","gloss":"false one"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to secterisk","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"secterisk","lemma":"secterisk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"predicate adjective of uægte","gloss":"sectarian"}]},{"number":163,"label":"163","id":"problema-ii-s163","source":"Dette er et Forsøg paa at springe af fra Paradoxets trange Vei og blive en tragisk Helt for godt Kjøb.","translation":"This is an attempt to leap off from the paradox's narrow road and become a tragic hero on the cheap.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"for godt Kjøb","title":"«for godt Kjøb» — cheaply, on the cheap","body":"Idiom: «for godt Kjøb» = 'at a good bargain / cheaply.' The sectarian tries to buy the dignity of the tragic hero at a discount by banding together, dodging the «trange Vei» (narrow road) of the paradox. «Kjøb» (with «Kj», modern «køb») = purchase/bargain."}],"words":[{"surface":"Dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of Forsøg","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Forsøg","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Forsøg","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"Forsøg","lemma":"Forsøg","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"attempt"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of springe","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of springe","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"springe","lemma":"springe","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement clause of Forsøg","gloss":"leap"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on springe","gloss":"off"},{"surface":"fra","lemma":"fra","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Vei","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"Paradoxets","lemma":"paradox","morphology":"noun, genitive, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of Vei","gloss":"paradox's"},{"surface":"trange","lemma":"trang","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Vei","gloss":"narrow"},{"surface":"Vei","lemma":"Vei","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of fra","gloss":"road"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"blive","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with springe","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Helt","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"tragisk","lemma":"tragisk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Helt","gloss":"tragic"},{"surface":"Helt","lemma":"helt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of blive","gloss":"hero"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Kjøb","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"godt","lemma":"god","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"modifies Kjøb","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"Kjøb","lemma":"Kjøb","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of for","gloss":"bargain","note":"Idiom 'for godt Kjøb' = 'cheaply, on the cheap' (literally 'for a good purchase')."}]},{"number":164,"label":"164","id":"problema-ii-s164","source":"Den tragiske Helt han udtrykker det Almene og offrer sig for dette.","translation":"The tragic hero expresses the universal and sacrifices himself for it.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Helt","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tragiske","lemma":"tragisk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Helt","gloss":"tragic"},{"surface":"Helt","lemma":"helt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"hero"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of udtrykker","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"udtrykker","lemma":"udtrykke","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"expresses"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"almen","morphology":"noun (substantivized adjective), neuter, singular","role":"direct object of udtrykker","gloss":"universal"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"offrer","lemma":"offre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with udtrykker","gloss":"sacrifices"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of offrer","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dette","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"object of for","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":165,"label":"165","id":"problema-ii-s165","source":"Isteden derfor har den secteriske Mester Jackel et Privattheater, nogle gode Venner og Kammerater, der omtrent repræsentere det Almene ligesaa godt som Stokkemændene i Gulddaasen repræsentereRetfærdigheden.","translation":"Instead of that, the sectarian Master Jackel has a private theater, a few good friends and comrades who represent the universal about as well as the wooden jurymen in The Golden Snuffbox represent Justice.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Isteden","lemma":"isteden","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the idiom 'isteden derfor', modifies har","gloss":"instead","note":"'Isteden derfor' (i stedet derfor) = 'instead of that.'"},{"surface":"derfor","lemma":"derfor","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the idiom 'isteden derfor', modifies har","gloss":"of that"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Jackel","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"secteriske","lemma":"secterisk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Jackel","gloss":"sectarian"},{"surface":"Mester","lemma":"Mester","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Jackel","gloss":"Master"},{"surface":"Jackel","lemma":"Jackel","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of har","gloss":"Jackel","note":"'Mester Jakel' was a stock glove-puppet character (like Punch) in traveling puppet shows in Denmark since c.1790 — Kierkegaard sarcastically compares the sectarian's private 'friends' to a puppeteer's puppets."},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Privattheater","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Privattheater","lemma":"privattheater","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"private theater"},{"surface":"nogle","lemma":"nogen","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of Venner","gloss":"a few"},{"surface":"gode","lemma":"god","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies Venner","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"Venner","lemma":"Ven","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with Privattheater","gloss":"friends"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Kammerater","lemma":"Kammerat","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with Venner","gloss":"comrades"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of repræsentere","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"omtrent","lemma":"omtrent","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies repræsentere","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"repræsentere","lemma":"repræsentere","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Venner","gloss":"represent"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"almen","morphology":"noun (substantivized adjective), neuter, singular","role":"direct object of repræsentere","gloss":"universal"},{"surface":"ligesaa","lemma":"ligesaa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies godt","gloss":"just as"},{"surface":"godt","lemma":"god","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies repræsentere","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of repræsentereRetfærdigheden","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"Stokkemændene","lemma":"stokkemand","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural, definite","role":"subject of repræsentereRetfærdigheden","gloss":"the wooden jurymen"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Gulddaasen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Gulddaasen","lemma":"Gulddaase","morphology":"proper noun, singular","role":"object of i","gloss":"The Golden Snuffbox","note":"Gulddaasen ('The Gold Snuffbox') is a 1793 comedy by Christian Olufsen."},{"surface":"repræsentereRetfærdigheden","lemma":"repræsentere Retfærdigheden","morphology":"verb + noun (two words fused in the source text)","role":"main verb + direct object of the som-clause, parallel to 'repræsentere det Almene'","gloss":"represent Justice","note":"Source token fuses two words: 'repræsentere Retfærdigheden' = 'represent Justice' (Justice personified)."}]},{"number":166,"label":"166","id":"problema-ii-s166","source":"Troens Ridder derimod han er Paradoxet, han er den Enkelte, absolut kun den Enkelte uden alle Connexioner og Vidtløftigheder.","translation":"The knight of faith, by contrast, is the paradox; he is the single individual, absolutely only the single individual, without any connections or ramifications.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Paradoxet","title":"«Paradoxet» — the paradox","body":"The knight of faith does not merely hold the paradox — he IS «Paradoxet»: the single individual who is higher than the universal, with no «Connexioner» (connections) or «Vidtløftigheder» (sprawling involvements) to dilute his isolation. The fronted «han» ('Troens Ridder … han er') is emphatic resumption."}],"words":[{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Ridder","gloss":"faith's"},{"surface":"Ridder","lemma":"Ridder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"knight"},{"surface":"derimod","lemma":"derimod","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"by contrast"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Paradoxet","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Paradoxet","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"Paradoxet","lemma":"paradox","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"the paradox"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Enkelte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Enkelte","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"enkelt","morphology":"adjective (substantivized), singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"single individual"},{"surface":"absolut","lemma":"absolut","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kun","gloss":"absolutely"},{"surface":"kun","lemma":"kun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Enkelte","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"enkelt","morphology":"adjective (substantivized), singular","role":"head of the phrase (elliptical repetition of the predicate)","gloss":"single individual"},{"surface":"uden","lemma":"uden","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Connexioner","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"alle","lemma":"al","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies Connexioner","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"Connexioner","lemma":"connexion","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"object of uden","gloss":"connections"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Vidtløftigheder","lemma":"vidtløftighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with Connexioner","gloss":"ramifications"}]},{"number":167,"label":"167","id":"problema-ii-s167","source":"Dette er det Forfærdelige, som den secteriske Skrælling ikke kan udholde.","translation":"This is the terrible thing that the sectarian weakling cannot endure.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Skrælling","title":"«Skrælling» — weakling","body":"«Skrælling» (modern «skrælling») = a feeble, puny creature, a weakling — Kierkegaard's scornful name for the sectarian who cannot bear the loneliness of the paradox and so seeks company. It chimes with «Stymper» (bungler) in the next sentence."}],"words":[{"surface":"Dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of Forfærdelige","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Forfærdelige","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Forfærdelige","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Forfærdelige","lemma":"Forfærdelig","morphology":"adjective (substantivized), singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"terrible thing"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of udholde","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Skrælling","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"secteriske","lemma":"secterisk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Skrælling","gloss":"sectarian"},{"surface":"Skrælling","lemma":"skrælling","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of udholde","gloss":"weakling","note":"Skrælling was historically a Norse term for the peoples of Greenland/North America; in Danish (and here) it is a derogatory word for a puny, weak person."},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies udholde","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of udholde","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"udholde","lemma":"udholde","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"relative clause on Forfærdelige","gloss":"endure"}]},{"number":168,"label":"168","id":"problema-ii-s168","source":"Istedenfor nemlig deraf at lære, at han ikke er istand til at gjøre det Store, og da ligefrem at tilstaae dette, Noget jeg naturligviis ikke kan andet end billige, da det er, hvad jeg selv gjør, mener Stymperen, at han ved at forene sig med nogle andre Stympere skal kunne gjøre det.","translation":"For instead of learning from this that he is not capable of doing the great thing, and then frankly admitting it — which of course I cannot but approve, since it is what I myself do — the bungler thinks that by joining himself to some other bunglers he will be able to do it.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Stymper","title":"«Stymper» — bungler","body":"«Stymper» (modern «stymper») = a bungler, a hopeless incompetent. The honest course is to admit one cannot do «det Store» (the great thing) — which Kierkegaard says of himself — but the «Stymper» imagines a crowd of fellow bunglers can together achieve what none can alone. «istand til» = capable of; «tilstaae» = confess/admit."}],"words":[{"surface":"Istedenfor","lemma":"istedenfor","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of lære","gloss":"instead of"},{"surface":"nemlig","lemma":"nemlig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lære","gloss":"namely"},{"surface":"deraf","lemma":"deraf","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lære","gloss":"from this"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of lære","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"lære","lemma":"lære","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"verb of the clause introduced by Istedenfor","gloss":"learn"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to istand","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"istand","lemma":"istand","morphology":"adjective (idiomatic predicate), indeclinable","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"able","note":"Idiom 'være istand til at' = 'to be able to, capable of.'"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of gjøre","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of gjøre","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"gjøre","lemma":"gjøre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of til","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Store","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Store","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective (substantivized), singular","role":"direct object of gjøre","gloss":"great thing"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tilstaae","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"ligefrem","lemma":"ligefrem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tilstaae","gloss":"frankly"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of tilstaae","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"tilstaae","lemma":"tilstaae","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with lære","gloss":"admit"},{"surface":"dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of tilstaae","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"Noget","lemma":"Nogen","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"in apposition to dette","gloss":"something"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kan","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"naturligviis","lemma":"naturligviis","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kan","gloss":"of course"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kan","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Noget","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"andet","lemma":"anden","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of kan","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of billige","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"billige","lemma":"billige","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of kan","gloss":"approve"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on billige","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"introduces the clause of gjør","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjør","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies jeg","gloss":"myself"},{"surface":"gjør","lemma":"gjøre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of er","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"mener","lemma":"mene","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"thinks"},{"surface":"Stymperen","lemma":"stymper","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of mener","gloss":"the bungler"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gjøre","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjøre","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of forene","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of forene","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"forene","lemma":"forene","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of ved","gloss":"join"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of forene","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Stympere","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"nogle","lemma":"nogen","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of Stympere","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"andre","lemma":"anden","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of Stympere","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"Stympere","lemma":"stymper","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"object of med","gloss":"bunglers"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gjøre","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"kunne","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of gjøre","gloss":"be able to"},{"surface":"gjøre","lemma":"gjøre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the at-clause (complement of mener)","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gjøre","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":169,"label":"169","id":"problema-ii-s169","source":"Men det gaaer aldeles ikke an; i Aandens Verden taales intet Snyderi.","translation":"But that will not do at all; in the world of spirit no cheating is tolerated.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Aandens Verden","title":"«Aandens Verden» — the world of spirit","body":"«Aandens Verden» = the world of spirit (modern «Åndens Verden»), where «Snyderi» (cheating, swindling) gets no purchase — one cannot fake one's way to faith by numbers. «gaaer … ikke an» = 'will not do'; «taales» = is tolerated (passive of «taale»). A blunt closing line for the section."}],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of gaaer","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"gaaer","lemma":"gaae","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"goes","note":"Idiom 'gaa an' (split here as 'gaaer ... an') = 'be acceptable, will do.'"},{"surface":"aldeles","lemma":"aldeles","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gaaer","gloss":"at all"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gaaer","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"an","lemma":"an","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gaaer","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Verden","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Aandens","lemma":"aand","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Verden","gloss":"spirit's"},{"surface":"Verden","lemma":"verden","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of i","gloss":"world"},{"surface":"taales","lemma":"taale","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the second clause","gloss":"is tolerated"},{"surface":"intet","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Snyderi","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"Snyderi","lemma":"Snyderi","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of taales","gloss":"cheating"}]},{"number":170,"label":"170","id":"problema-ii-s170","source":"Et Dusin Secterikere tage hinanden under Armen, de kjende slet Intet til de eensomme Anfægtelser, der vente Troens Ridder, og som han ikke tør flye, netop fordi det var endnu forfærdeligere, om han formastelig trængte sig frem.","translation":"A dozen sectarians take one another by the arm; they know nothing at all of the lonely trials that await the knight of faith, and which he dares not flee, precisely because it would be still more dreadful were he presumptuously to push himself forward.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Anfægtelser","title":"«Anfægtelse» — spiritual trial","body":"«Anfægtelse» is a charged religious word: a spiritual trial or temptation, the assault of doubt and dread on a believer — close to German «Anfechtung». Here «de eensomme Anfægtelser» are the solitary trials reserved for «Troens Ridder», the knight of faith. Note period orthography: «kjende» (modern «kende») keeps the «kj», and «eensomme» doubles the vowel (modern «ensomme»)."},{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Troens Ridder","title":"«Troens Ridder» — the knight of faith","body":"«Troens Ridder» = 'the knight of faith', Kierkegaard's figure (genitive «Troens», 'of faith', from «Tro») for the one who, like Abraham, holds fast by virtue of the absurd. He is set throughout against the «Secterikere» (sectarians) who travel in a crowd."}],"words":[{"surface":"Et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Dusin","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Dusin","lemma":"Dusin","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of tage","gloss":"dozen"},{"surface":"Secterikere","lemma":"secteriker","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"modifies Dusin","gloss":"sectarians"},{"surface":"tage","lemma":"tage","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"hinanden","lemma":"hinanden","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"direct object of tage","gloss":"one another"},{"surface":"under","lemma":"under","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Armen","gloss":"by","note":"Idiom 'tage under armen' = 'link arms, take by the arm.'"},{"surface":"Armen","lemma":"arm","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"object of under","gloss":"the arm"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of kjende","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"kjende","lemma":"kjende","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the second clause","gloss":"know"},{"surface":"slet","lemma":"slet","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Intet","gloss":"at all"},{"surface":"Intet","lemma":"Intet","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of kjende","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Anfægtelser","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of Anfægtelser","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"eensomme","lemma":"eensom","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies Anfægtelser","gloss":"lonely"},{"surface":"Anfægtelser","lemma":"Anfægtelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"object of til","gloss":"trials"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of vente","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"vente","lemma":"vente","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Anfægtelser","gloss":"await"},{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Ridder","gloss":"faith's"},{"surface":"Ridder","lemma":"Ridder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of vente","gloss":"knight"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of flye","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tør","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tør","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"tør","lemma":"turde","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with vente","gloss":"dares"},{"surface":"flye","lemma":"flye","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of tør","gloss":"flee"},{"surface":"netop","lemma":"netop","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fordi","gloss":"precisely"},{"surface":"fordi","lemma":"fordi","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of forfærdeligere","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of forfærdeligere","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to forfærdeligere","gloss":"would be"},{"surface":"endnu","lemma":"endnu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forfærdeligere","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"forfærdeligere","lemma":"forfærdelig","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"more dreadful"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of trængte","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of trængte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"formastelig","lemma":"formastelig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies trængte","gloss":"presumptuously"},{"surface":"trængte","lemma":"trænge","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on var","gloss":"were to push"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of trængte","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"frem","lemma":"frem","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on trængte","gloss":"forward"}]},{"number":171,"label":"171","id":"problema-ii-s171","source":"Secterikerne overdøve hinanden ved Støj og Larm, holde Angesten borte ved deres Skrig, og et saadant hujende Dyrehaugsselskab mener at storme Himlen og mener at gaae ad samme Vei som Troens Ridder, der i Universets Eensomhed aldrig hører nogen menneskelig Røst, men gaaer ene med sit forfærdelige Ansvar.","translation":"The sectarians drown one another out with noise and din, keep dread at bay with their shouting, and such a whooping fairground crew imagines it is storming heaven and imagines it goes by the same road as the knight of faith, who in the solitude of the universe never hears any human voice, but walks alone with his dreadful responsibility.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Angesten","title":"«Angest» — dread","body":"«Angesten» = 'the dread/anxiety' (modern «angsten»), the great Kierkegaardian mood later given its own book, «Begrebet Angest» (The Concept of Anxiety, 1844). The sectarians 'keep dread at bay' («holde Angesten borte») with noise, whereas the knight of faith bears it alone."},{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Dyrehaugsselskab","title":"«Dyrehaugsselskab» — a fairground crowd","body":"«Dyrehaugsselskab» literally a 'Dyrehaven company' — Dyrehaven, the deer park north of Copenhagen, was the site of a rowdy popular fair (Dyrehavsbakken). The word casts the boisterous sectarians as a hooting amusement-park crowd, the opposite of the solitary knight. Note «gaae»/«gaaer» (modern «gå»/«går») and «Vei» (modern «vej») in the period orthography."}],"words":[{"surface":"Secterikerne","lemma":"sectariker","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural, definite","role":"subject of overdøve","gloss":"the sectarians"},{"surface":"overdøve","lemma":"overdøve","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active, plural","role":"main verb, coordinated with holde","gloss":"drown out"},{"surface":"hinanden","lemma":"hinanden","morphology":"pronoun, reciprocal, plural","role":"direct object of overdøve","gloss":"one another"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Støj","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Støj","lemma":"støj","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of ved","gloss":"noise"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Larm","lemma":"larm","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Støj","gloss":"din"},{"surface":"holde","lemma":"holde","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active, plural","role":"main verb of the sentence, coordinated with overdøve","gloss":"keep"},{"surface":"Angesten","lemma":"Angest","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"direct object of holde","gloss":"dread"},{"surface":"borte","lemma":"borte","morphology":"adverb","role":"predicate complement of holde","gloss":"at bay"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Skrig","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"deres","lemma":"deres","morphology":"determiner, possessive","role":"determiner of Skrig","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"Skrig","lemma":"skrig","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of ved","gloss":"shouting"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Dyrehaugsselskab","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"saadant","lemma":"saadan","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"modifies Dyrehaugsselskab","gloss":"such a"},{"surface":"hujende","lemma":"huje","morphology":"verb, present, participle","role":"modifies Dyrehaugsselskab","gloss":"whooping"},{"surface":"Dyrehaugsselskab","lemma":"dyrehaugsselskab","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of mener","gloss":"fairground crew"},{"surface":"mener","lemma":"mene","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"imagines"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"infinitive marker","role":"introduces storme","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"storme","lemma":"storme","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of mener","gloss":"storm"},{"surface":"Himlen","lemma":"Himmel","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"direct object of storme","gloss":"heaven"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"mener","lemma":"mene","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with mener (w19)","gloss":"imagines"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"infinitive marker","role":"introduces gaae","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"gaae","lemma":"gaae","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of mener","gloss":"goes"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Vei","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"samme","lemma":"samme","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies Vei","gloss":"same"},{"surface":"Vei","lemma":"Vei","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of ad","gloss":"road"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"conjunction, comparative","role":"introduces comparison with Ridder","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular, definite","role":"possessor of Ridder","gloss":"of faith"},{"surface":"Ridder","lemma":"Ridder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of comparison introduced by som","gloss":"knight"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of hører","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Eensomhed","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Universets","lemma":"Univers","morphology":"noun, genitive, neuter, singular, definite","role":"possessor of Eensomhed","gloss":"universe's"},{"surface":"Eensomhed","lemma":"Eensomhed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of i","gloss":"solitude"},{"surface":"aldrig","lemma":"aldrig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hører","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"hører","lemma":"høre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Ridder","gloss":"hears"},{"surface":"nogen","lemma":"nogen","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Røst","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"menneskelig","lemma":"menneskelig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Røst","gloss":"human"},{"surface":"Røst","lemma":"Røst","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of hører","gloss":"voice"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"gaaer","lemma":"gaae","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with hører","gloss":"walks"},{"surface":"ene","lemma":"ene","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gaaer","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Ansvar","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Ansvar","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"forfærdelige","lemma":"forfærdelig","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Ansvar","gloss":"dreadful"},{"surface":"Ansvar","lemma":"Ansvar","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of med","gloss":"responsibility"}]},{"number":172,"label":"172","id":"problema-ii-s172","source":"Troens Ridder han er alene anviist sig selv, han føler Smerten af, at han ikke kan gjøre sig forstaaelig for Andre, men han føler ingen forfængelig Lyst til at ville veillede Andre.","translation":"The knight of faith is referred to himself alone; he feels the pain of not being able to make himself intelligible to others, yet he feels no vain desire to want to guide others.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Troens Ridder han er","title":"Left-dislocated subject","body":"«Troens Ridder han er…» repeats the subject as a pronoun — 'The knight of faith, he is…' — a left-dislocation Kierkegaard uses for emphasis (compare «Den uægte Ridder… han» and «Den sande Troens Ridder han» further on). Note period spellings: «anviist» (modern «anvist»), «gjøre» (modern «gøre»), «forstaaelig» (modern «forståelig»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular, definite","role":"possessor of Ridder","gloss":"of faith"},{"surface":"Ridder","lemma":"Ridder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"knight"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of anviist","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of anviist","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"alene","lemma":"alene","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies anviist","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"anviist","lemma":"anviise","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence (passive)","gloss":"referred"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of anviist","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun, intensive","role":"modifies sig","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of føler","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"føler","lemma":"føle","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"feels"},{"surface":"Smerten","lemma":"Smerte","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"direct object of føler","gloss":"the pain"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of gjøre","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gjøre","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjøre","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gjøre","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gjøre","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"gjøre","lemma":"gjøre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of af","gloss":"make"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of gjøre","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"forstaaelig","lemma":"forstaaelig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate adjective of sig","gloss":"intelligible"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Andre","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Andre","lemma":"anden","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"object of for","gloss":"others"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of føler","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"føler","lemma":"føle","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with føler (w10)","gloss":"feels"},{"surface":"ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Lyst","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"forfængelig","lemma":"forfængelig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Lyst","gloss":"vain"},{"surface":"Lyst","lemma":"Lyst","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of føler","gloss":"desire"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of veillede","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"infinitive marker","role":"introduces ville veillede","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ville","lemma":"ville","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of at, governs veillede","gloss":"want"},{"surface":"veillede","lemma":"veilede","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of ville","gloss":"guide","note":"Archaic spelling (double l) of veilede, 'to guide/lead.'"},{"surface":"Andre","lemma":"anden","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"direct object of veillede","gloss":"others"}]},{"number":173,"label":"173","id":"problema-ii-s173","source":"Smerten er ham Forvisningen, den forfængelige Lyst kjender han ikke, dertil er han Sjæl for alvorlig.","translation":"The pain is his assurance; the vain desire he does not know — for that his soul is too earnest.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Forvisningen","title":"«Forvisning» — certainty, assurance","body":"«Forvisning» = 'certainty, assurance, conviction' (not to be confused with «forvisning» = banishment). The pain itself is what assures the knight of faith that he is on the true road — «Smerten er ham Forvisningen», 'the pain is to him the assurance'. «kjender» again keeps the period «kj» (modern «kender»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Smerten","lemma":"Smerte","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"subject of er","gloss":"the pain"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, dative, common gender, singular","role":"dative object of er","gloss":"to him","note":"Dative pronoun expressing possession here: 'is to him the assurance' = 'is his assurance.'"},{"surface":"Forvisningen","lemma":"Forvisning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"the assurance"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Lyst","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"forfængelige","lemma":"forfængelig","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Lyst","gloss":"vain"},{"surface":"Lyst","lemma":"Lyst","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of kjender (fronted)","gloss":"desire"},{"surface":"kjender","lemma":"kjende","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause","gloss":"knows"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kjender","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kjender","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"dertil","lemma":"dertil","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"for that"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Sjæl","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"Sjæl","lemma":"Sjæl","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial complement of er","gloss":"soul","note":"Archaic accusative-of-respect: 'han er Sjæl for alvorlig' literally 'he is, in soul, too earnest' = 'his soul is too earnest.'"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies alvorlig","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"alvorlig","lemma":"alvorlig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Sjæl","gloss":"earnest"}]},{"number":174,"label":"174","id":"problema-ii-s174","source":"Den uægte Ridder forraader sig let ved dette Mesterskab, han i et Øieblik har erhvervet.","translation":"The counterfeit knight easily betrays himself by this mastery, which he has acquired in a single moment.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Mesterskab","title":"«Mesterskab» — mastery","body":"«Mesterskab» = 'mastery, the standing of a master'. The 'counterfeit knight' («den uægte Ridder») gives himself away by the very fact that he has won this air of mastery cheaply, 'in a single moment' («i et Øieblik») — true faith is not acquired so quickly. Note «Øieblik» (modern «øjeblik») with «øi» for «øj»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Ridder","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"uægte","lemma":"uægte","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Ridder","gloss":"counterfeit"},{"surface":"Ridder","lemma":"Ridder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of forraader","gloss":"knight"},{"surface":"forraader","lemma":"forraade","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"betrays"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of forraader","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"let","lemma":"let","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forraader","gloss":"easily"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Mesterskab","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Mesterskab","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Mesterskab","lemma":"Mesterskab","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of ved","gloss":"mastery"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of erhvervet","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Øieblik","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Øieblik","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Øieblik","lemma":"Øieblik","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of i","gloss":"moment"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of erhvervet","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"erhvervet","lemma":"erhverve","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"relative clause on Mesterskab","gloss":"acquired"}]},{"number":175,"label":"175","id":"problema-ii-s175","source":"Han fatter slet ikke, hvorom Talen er, at forsaavidt en anden Enkelt skal gaae den samme Vei, maa han aldeles paa samme Maade blive den Enkelte og trænger da ikke til Nogens Veiledning, mindst til Een, der vil paanøde sig.","translation":"He grasps nothing at all of what is in question: that insofar as another single individual is to walk the same road, he must in exactly the same way become the single individual, and then has no need of anyone's guidance, least of all of one who would force himself upon him.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"den Enkelte","title":"«den Enkelte» — the single individual","body":"«den Enkelte» = 'the single individual', Kierkegaard's signature category — the one who stands alone before God, above «det Almene» (the universal). The point here is that this standing cannot be taught: each must 'become the single individual' for himself («blive den Enkelte»), so no guide is needed, least of all a self-appointed one."}],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fatter","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"fatter","lemma":"fatte","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"grasps"},{"surface":"slet","lemma":"slet","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ikke","gloss":"at all"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fatter","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"hvorom","lemma":"hvorom","morphology":"adverb, relative","role":"introduces the clause of er","gloss":"about which"},{"surface":"Talen","lemma":"Tale","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"subject of er","gloss":"the topic"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the hvorom-clause","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of blive","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"forsaavidt","lemma":"forsaavidt","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gaae","gloss":"insofar as"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelt","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"anden","lemma":"anden","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelt","gloss":"another"},{"surface":"Enkelt","lemma":"Enkelt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gaae","gloss":"individual"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gaae","gloss":"is to"},{"surface":"gaae","lemma":"gaae","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the forsaavidt-clause","gloss":"walk"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Vei","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"samme","lemma":"samme","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies Vei","gloss":"same"},{"surface":"Vei","lemma":"Vei","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of gaae","gloss":"road"},{"surface":"maa","lemma":"maatte","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of blive","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of maa","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"aldeles","lemma":"aldeles","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Maade","gloss":"exactly"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Maade","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"samme","lemma":"samme","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies Maade","gloss":"same"},{"surface":"Maade","lemma":"Maade","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of paa","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"blive","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of maa","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"Enkelt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"predicate complement of blive","gloss":"single individual","note":"'Den Enkelte' ('the single individual') is Kierkegaard's key term for the person standing alone before God."},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"trænger","lemma":"trænge","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with blive","gloss":"needs"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies trænger","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies trænger","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Veiledning","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Nogens","lemma":"Nogen","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Veiledning","gloss":"anyone's"},{"surface":"Veiledning","lemma":"Veiledning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of til","gloss":"guidance"},{"surface":"mindst","lemma":"mindst","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies til Een","gloss":"least of all"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Een","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Een","lemma":"Een","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"object of til","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of vil","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"vil","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of paanøde","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"paanøde","lemma":"paanøde","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"relative clause on Een","gloss":"force upon"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of paanøde","gloss":"himself"}]},{"number":176,"label":"176","id":"problema-ii-s176","source":"Her springer man atter af, man kan ikke udholde Uforstaaelighedens Martyrium, og istedenfor dette vælger man da beqvemt nok Mesterskabets verdslige Beundring.","translation":"Here one leaps off again; one cannot endure the martyrdom of unintelligibility, and instead of it one then conveniently enough chooses the worldly admiration that mastery brings.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Uforstaaelighedens Martyrium","title":"«Uforstaaelighedens Martyrium»","body":"'The martyrdom of unintelligibility' — «Uforstaaelighed» (modern «uforståelighed») is the condition of not being able to be understood, which the knight of faith must suffer. The false knight cannot bear this and swaps it for «verdslige Beundring», worldly admiration. Note «beqvemt» (modern «bekvemt»), where «qv» writes the «kv» sound."}],"words":[{"surface":"Her","lemma":"her","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies springer","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"springer","lemma":"springe","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"leaps"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of springer","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"atter","lemma":"atter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies springer","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"particle","role":"verb particle of springer","gloss":"off","note":"'Springe af' is an idiom for backing out or giving up."},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of udholde","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of udholde","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies udholde","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"udholde","lemma":"udholde","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with springer","gloss":"endure"},{"surface":"Uforstaaelighedens","lemma":"Uforstaaelighed","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular, definite","role":"possessor of Martyrium","gloss":"unintelligibility's"},{"surface":"Martyrium","lemma":"Martyrium","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of udholde","gloss":"martyrdom"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"istedenfor","lemma":"istedenfor","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dette","gloss":"instead of"},{"surface":"dette","lemma":"denne","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"object of istedenfor","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"vælger","lemma":"vælge","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with springer","gloss":"chooses"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of vælger","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vælger","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"beqvemt","lemma":"beqvemt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vælger","gloss":"conveniently"},{"surface":"nok","lemma":"nok","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies beqvemt","gloss":"enough"},{"surface":"Mesterskabets","lemma":"Mesterskab","morphology":"noun, genitive, neuter, singular, definite","role":"possessor of Beundring","gloss":"mastery's"},{"surface":"verdslige","lemma":"verdslig","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Beundring","gloss":"worldly"},{"surface":"Beundring","lemma":"Beundring","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of vælger","gloss":"admiration"}]},{"number":177,"label":"177","id":"problema-ii-s177","source":"Den sande Troens Ridder han er Vidne, aldrig Lærer, og deri ligger det dybe Humane, der er noget mere bevendt end denne pjankede Deeltagelse for andre Menneskers Vee og Vel, der hædres under Navn af Sympathi, medens den dog ikke er andet end Forfængelighed.","translation":"The true knight of faith is a witness, never a teacher, and in this lies the deep humanity that is worth something more than that silly fussing over other people's woe and weal which is honored under the name of sympathy, while it is yet nothing but vanity.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Vidne, aldrig Lærer","title":"«Vidne, aldrig Lærer» — witness, never teacher","body":"«Vidne» (witness) versus «Lærer» (teacher): the true knight bears witness to faith by his own life but never sets himself up to instruct others, since faith cannot be transmitted as doctrine. This is for Kierkegaard «det dybe Humane», the deep humane regard — he denies the same standing to «Sympathi» (sympathy), which he unmasks as «Forfængelighed» (vanity)."},{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Vee og Vel","title":"«Vee og Vel» — woe and weal","body":"«Vee og Vel» is a set phrase, 'woe and weal' — someone's misery and welfare taken together. «Vee» (modern «ve») is woe/pain; «Vel» is well-being. «pjankede» means 'silly, fatuous', and «Deeltagelse» (modern «deltagelse») here is 'taking part in / fellow-feeling', the sentimental sympathy Kierkegaard scorns."}],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Ridder","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"sande","lemma":"sand","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Ridder","gloss":"true"},{"surface":"Troens","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular, definite","role":"possessor of Ridder","gloss":"of faith"},{"surface":"Ridder","lemma":"Ridder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"knight"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"Vidne","lemma":"Vidne","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"a witness"},{"surface":"aldrig","lemma":"aldrig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Lærer","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"Lærer","lemma":"Lærer","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Vidne","gloss":"a teacher"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"deri","lemma":"deri","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ligger","gloss":"in this"},{"surface":"ligger","lemma":"ligge","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause","gloss":"lies"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Humane","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"dybe","lemma":"dyb","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Humane","gloss":"deep"},{"surface":"Humane","lemma":"human","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of ligger","gloss":"humanity"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of er","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to bevendt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"noget","lemma":"noget","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"something"},{"surface":"mere","lemma":"mere","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bevendt","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"bevendt","lemma":"bevendt","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies noget","gloss":"worthwhile","note":"'Noget bevendt' is idiomatic for 'something of consequence, worth something.'"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"conjunction, comparative","role":"introduces comparison with Deeltagelse","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"denne","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Deeltagelse","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"pjankede","lemma":"pjanket","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Deeltagelse","gloss":"silly"},{"surface":"Deeltagelse","lemma":"Deeltagelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of end","gloss":"fussing"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Vee","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"andre","lemma":"anden","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of Menneskers","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"Menneskers","lemma":"Menneske","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, plural","role":"possessor of Vee","gloss":"people's"},{"surface":"Vee","lemma":"Vee","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of for","gloss":"woe"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Vel","lemma":"Vel","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with Vee","gloss":"weal"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of hædres","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"hædres","lemma":"hædre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"relative clause on Deeltagelse","gloss":"is honored"},{"surface":"under","lemma":"under","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Navn","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"Navn","lemma":"Navn","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of under","gloss":"name"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Sympathi","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Sympathi","lemma":"Sympathi","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of af","gloss":"sympathy"},{"surface":"medens","lemma":"medens","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of er","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to andet","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"andet","lemma":"anden","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"conjunction, comparative","role":"introduces comparison with Forfængelighed","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Forfængelighed","lemma":"Forfængelighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of end","gloss":"vanity"}]},{"number":178,"label":"178","id":"problema-ii-s178","source":"Den der kun vil være Vidne, han bekjender derved, at intet Menneske, end ikke det ringeste, behøver et andet Menneskes Deeltagelse, eller skal nedværdiges derved, for at den Anden kan hæves.","translation":"He who will only be a witness thereby confesses that no human being, not even the lowliest, needs another human being's fellow-feeling, or is to be debased so that the other may be exalted.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"skal nedværdiges … for at … kan hæves","title":"«skal»/«kan» — passive purpose clause","body":"«skal nedværdiges … for at den Anden kan hæves» — 'is to be debased … so that the other may be exalted'. The modal «skal» (shall/is to) with the passive «nedværdiges» frames a moral 'ought not', and «for at … kan» is a purpose clause ('so that … may'). «bekjender» keeps the period «kj» (modern «bekender»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"topic of the sentence, resumed by han","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"subject of Vidne clause","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"kun","lemma":"kun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies være Vidne","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"vil","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of være","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to Vidne","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"Vidne","lemma":"Vidne","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of være","gloss":"a witness"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bekjender","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"bekjender","lemma":"bekjende","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"confesses"},{"surface":"derved","lemma":"derved","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bekjender","gloss":"thereby"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of behøver","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"intet","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Menneske","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"Menneske","lemma":"Menneske","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of behøver","gloss":"human being"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"adverb","role":"combines with ikke: 'not even'","gloss":"not","note":"'End ikke' together is an idiom meaning 'not even.'"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"combines with end: 'not even'","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of ringeste","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ringeste","lemma":"ringe","morphology":"adjective, superlative","role":"in apposition to Menneske","gloss":"least"},{"surface":"behøver","lemma":"behøve","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the at-clause","gloss":"needs"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Menneskes","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"andet","lemma":"anden","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Menneskes","gloss":"another"},{"surface":"Menneskes","lemma":"Menneske","morphology":"noun, genitive, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of Deeltagelse","gloss":"human being's"},{"surface":"Deeltagelse","lemma":"Deeltagelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of behøver","gloss":"fellow-feeling"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of nedværdiges","gloss":"is to"},{"surface":"nedværdiges","lemma":"nedværdige","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"coordinated with behøver","gloss":"be debased"},{"surface":"derved","lemma":"derved","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies nedværdiges","gloss":"by that"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of hæves","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hæves","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Anden","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Anden","lemma":"anden","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hæves","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of hæves","gloss":"may"},{"surface":"hæves","lemma":"hæve","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"main verb of the clause","gloss":"be exalted"}]},{"number":179,"label":"179","id":"problema-ii-s179","source":"Men som han selv ikke vandt, hvad han vandt, for godt Kjøb, saa sælger han det heller ikke ud for godt Kjøb, han er ikke ussel nok til at tage Menneskers Beundring og til Vederlag give dem sin tause Foragt, han veed, at hvad der i Sandhed er Stort, det er lige tilgængeligt for Alle.","translation":"But just as he himself did not win what he won at a cheap price, so neither does he sell it off cheap; he is not so base as to take people's admiration and give them in return his silent contempt — he knows that what is in truth great is equally accessible to all.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"for godt Kjøb","title":"«for godt Kjøb» — at a cheap price","body":"«for godt Kjøb» is an idiom, 'cheaply, for a bargain' (literally 'for a good purchase'). Faith is not won «for godt Kjøb» and so is not sold off cheaply either. «Kjøb» keeps the period «kj» (modern «køb»); «tause» = 'silent' (modern «tavse»), «veed» = 'knows' (modern «ved», doubled vowel)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"conjunction","role":"correlative with saa, introduces the comparison","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vandt","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun","role":"emphasizes han","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vandt","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"vandt","lemma":"vinde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"verb of the som-clause, subordinate and correlative with sælger (via saa)","gloss":"won"},{"surface":"hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of vandt (w9), fronted","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vandt","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"vandt","lemma":"vinde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"verb of the relative clause on hvad","gloss":"won"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Kjøb","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"godt","lemma":"god","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"modifies Kjøb","gloss":"good","note":"Idiom: 'for godt Kjøb' = 'cheaply, at a bargain' (lit. 'for a good purchase')."},{"surface":"Kjøb","lemma":"kjøb","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of vandt","gloss":"price"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sælger, correlative with som","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"sælger","lemma":"sælge","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sells"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sælger","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of sælger","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"heller","lemma":"heller","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ikke (heller ikke = neither)","gloss":"either"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sælger","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ud","lemma":"ud","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on sælger (sælge ud = sell off)","gloss":"off"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Kjøb","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"godt","lemma":"god","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"modifies Kjøb","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"Kjøb","lemma":"kjøb","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of sælger","gloss":"price"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to ussel","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ussel","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ussel","lemma":"ussel","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"base"},{"surface":"nok","lemma":"nok","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ussel","gloss":"enough"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the infinitive clause of tage","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"infinitive marker of tage","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"tage","lemma":"tage","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of nok/ussel","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"Menneskers","lemma":"menneske","morphology":"noun, genitive, neuter, plural","role":"possessor of Beundring","gloss":"people's"},{"surface":"Beundring","lemma":"beundring","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tage","gloss":"admiration"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Vederlag","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Vederlag","lemma":"vederlag","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of give","gloss":"return"},{"surface":"give","lemma":"give","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with tage","gloss":"give"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"indirect object of give","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Foragt","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"tause","lemma":"taus","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular, definite","role":"modifies Foragt","gloss":"silent"},{"surface":"Foragt","lemma":"foragt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of give","gloss":"contempt"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of veed","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"veed","lemma":"vide","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"knows"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the object clause of veed","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"forms the subject of er (Stort), with der","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"relative subject marker with hvad, subject of er","gloss":"that","note":"'Der' is the obligatory resumptive subject marker after 'hvad' in Danish relative clauses; it has no separate translation of its own."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Sandhed","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Sandhed","lemma":"sandhed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of er (Stort)","gloss":"truth"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Stort","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"Stort","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"resumptive subject of er, correlate of hvad der...er Stort","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to tilgængeligt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"lige","lemma":"lige","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tilgængeligt","gloss":"equally"},{"surface":"tilgængeligt","lemma":"tilgængelig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"accessible"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Alle","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Alle","lemma":"al","morphology":"pronoun, plural, used substantively","role":"oblique complement of tilgængeligt","gloss":"all"}]},{"number":180,"label":"180","id":"problema-ii-s180","source":"Enten er der da en absolut Pligt mod Gud, og er der en saadan, da er den det beskrevne Paradox, at den Enkelte som den Enkelte er høiere end det Almene og som den Enkelte staaer i et absolut Forhold til det Absolute — eller ogsaa har der aldrig været Tro ti, fordi den altid har været til, eller ogsaa er Abraham tabt, eller ogsaa maa man forklare Stedet i Luc. XIV saaledes som hiin smagfulde Exeget gjorde det, og paa samme Maade forklare de tilsvarende Steder, og de lignende.","translation":"Either, then, there is an absolute duty toward God — and if there is such a thing, it is the paradox already described, that the single individual as the single individual is higher than the universal and as the single individual stands in an absolute relation to the absolute — or else there has never been faith, just because it has always existed, or else Abraham is lost, or else one must explain the passage in Luke XIV as that tasteful exegete did, and explain the corresponding passages in the same way, and the like.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"absolut Pligt mod Gud","title":"«absolut Pligt mod Gud» — absolute duty to God","body":"'An absolute duty toward God' is the thesis of Problema II, brought home in this closing «Enten … eller ogsaa» (either … or else). The «beskrevne Paradox» (the paradox already described) is that «den Enkelte … er høiere end det Almene» — the single individual is higher than the universal — and «staaer i et absolut Forhold til det Absolute», stands in an absolute relation to the absolute."},{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Luc. XIV … hiin smagfulde Exeget","title":"«Luc. XIV» — Luke 14 and the 'tasteful exegete'","body":"«Luc. XIV» is the Latin abbreviation for the Gospel of Luke, chapter 14 — Christ's hard saying that one must 'hate' father and mother to be his disciple (Luke 14:26). «hiin smagfulde Exeget», 'that tasteful exegete', is heavily ironic: the commentator who softens the text to make it palatable. «hiin» (that, yonder) is an archaic demonstrative; «ogsaa», «saaledes», «paa» show the «aa» orthography (modern «også», «således», «på»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Enten","lemma":"enten","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er, correlative with eller","gloss":"either"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive with er","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Pligt","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"absolut","lemma":"absolut","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Pligt","gloss":"absolute"},{"surface":"Pligt","lemma":"pligt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"logical subject of er (notional subject in the der er existential construction, not a direct object since være is not transitive)","gloss":"duty"},{"surface":"mod","lemma":"mod","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Gud","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of er","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with er","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive with er","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of saadan","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"saadan","lemma":"saadan","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"logical subject of er (notional subject in the der er existential construction, not a direct object since være is not transitive)","gloss":"such a thing"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er (2nd), correlate of Enten","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Paradox","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Paradox","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"beskrevne","lemma":"beskreven","morphology":"adjective, definite","role":"modifies Paradox","gloss":"described"},{"surface":"Paradox","lemma":"paradox","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"paradox"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause explaining Paradox","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"enkelt","morphology":"adjective, singular, used substantively","role":"subject of er (høiere)","gloss":"individual","note":"'Den Enkelte' ('the single individual') is Kierkegaard's key technical term throughout this book."},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Enkelte (w26)","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"enkelt","morphology":"adjective, singular, used substantively","role":"in apposition to Enkelte (w23), governed by som","gloss":"individual"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to høiere","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"høiere","lemma":"høi","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"higher"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Almene","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Almene","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Almene","lemma":"almen","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, used substantively","role":"oblique complement of høiere","gloss":"universal"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the second som-clause, coordinated with w24","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Enkelte","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Enkelte","lemma":"enkelt","morphology":"adjective, singular, used substantively","role":"subject of staaer","gloss":"individual"},{"surface":"staaer","lemma":"staae","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"verb of the som-clause, coordinated with er (høiere)","gloss":"stands"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Forhold","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Forhold","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"absolut","lemma":"absolut","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"modifies Forhold","gloss":"absolute"},{"surface":"Forhold","lemma":"forhold","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of staaer","gloss":"relation"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Absolute","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Absolute","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Absolute","lemma":"absolut","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular, used substantively","role":"oblique complement of til","gloss":"Absolute"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"ogsaa","lemma":"ogsaa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies har, forms 'eller ogsaa' (or else) with eller","gloss":"else"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of været","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive with har","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"aldrig","lemma":"aldrig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies været","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"været","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, participle, singular","role":"copula (with har) linking to Tro","gloss":"been"},{"surface":"Tro","lemma":"tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of været","gloss":"faith"},{"surface":"ti","lemma":"thi","morphology":"subordinating conjunction, archaic","role":"introduces reason clause, doubled up with fordi","gloss":"for","note":"Archaic/dialectal spelling of 'thi' ('for, because'); reading uncertain given the OCR source."},{"surface":"fordi","lemma":"fordi","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of været (w56)","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of har været til","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"altid","lemma":"altid","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies været","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of været","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"været","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"forms 'være til' (exist) with til","gloss":"been"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"adverb","role":"particle completing 'være til' (exist)","gloss":"there","note":"Idiom: 'være til' = 'to exist.'"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"ogsaa","lemma":"ogsaa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er, forms 'eller ogsaa' (or else)","gloss":"else"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"forms passive with tabt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of tabt","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"tabt","lemma":"tabe","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"predicate complement of er, forms passive 'is lost'","gloss":"lost"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"ogsaa","lemma":"ogsaa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies maa, forms 'eller ogsaa' (or else)","gloss":"else"},{"surface":"maa","lemma":"maatte","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of forklare","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender","role":"subject of forklare","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"forklare","lemma":"forklare","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of maa","gloss":"explain"},{"surface":"Stedet","lemma":"sted","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"direct object of forklare","gloss":"passage"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Luc","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Luc","lemma":"Luc","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies Stedet (biblical reference)","gloss":"Luke"},{"surface":"XIV","lemma":"XIV","morphology":"numeral","role":"modifies Luc","gloss":"14"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forklare, correlate of som","gloss":"thus"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gjorde","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"hiin","lemma":"hiin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, archaic","role":"modifies Exeget","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"smagfulde","lemma":"smagfuld","morphology":"adjective, definite","role":"modifies Exeget","gloss":"tasteful"},{"surface":"Exeget","lemma":"exeget","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjorde","gloss":"exegete"},{"surface":"gjorde","lemma":"gøre","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the som-clause, correlates with saaledes","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gjorde","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Maade","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"samme","lemma":"samme","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies Maade","gloss":"same"},{"surface":"Maade","lemma":"maade","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of forklare (w83)","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"forklare","lemma":"forklare","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with forklare (w67), complement of maa","gloss":"explain"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of Steder","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tilsvarende","lemma":"tilsvarende","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies Steder","gloss":"corresponding"},{"surface":"Steder","lemma":"sted","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of forklare (w83)","gloss":"passages"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of lignende (elliptical for de lignende Steder)","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"lignende","lemma":"lignende","morphology":"adjective, present participle, used substantively","role":"coordinated with Steder (w86), ellipsis of Steder","gloss":"like ones"}]}]}