{"work":{"slug":"kierkegaard","title":{"source":"Frygt og Bæven","translated":"Fear and Trembling"},"author":"Søren Kierkegaard","language":"Danish","languageCode":"da","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/kierkegaard"},"unit":{"kind":"chapter","number":null,"id":"stemning","title":{"source":"Stemning","translated":"Exordium"},"section":"Preface, Exordium, Eulogy","summary":null,"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/kierkegaard/stemning","lines":58},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/books/kierkegaard/forord","next":"https://1732studios.com/books/kierkegaard/lovtale-over-abraham","license":"Source text: public domain (Søren Kierkegaard, d. 1855; first published 1843, under the pseudonym Johannes de silentio). English translation: © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC — original draft, pending editorial review. NOTE: minimal seed excerpt; the 1843 Danish should be verified against Søren Kierkegaards Skrifter (SKS) before shipping, and full content is authored through the content pipeline.","audioBase":null,"lines":[{"number":1,"label":"1","id":"stemning-s1","source":"Der var engang en Mand, han havde som Barn hørt hiin skjønne Fortælling om, hvorledes Gud fristede Abraham, og hvorledes han bestod i Fristelsen, bevarede Troen og anden Gang fik en Søn mod Forventning.","translation":"There was once a man; as a child he had heard that beautiful story of how God tempted Abraham, and how he stood the test, kept the faith, and a second time, against expectation, received a son.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"hiin","title":"«hiin» — that (yonder)","body":"«hiin» is an archaic, literary demonstrative meaning 'that' (the far one, 'yonder that'), distinct from «den/denne». Period orthography doubles the vowel («hiin» = modern «hin»). Kierkegaard uses it to point reverently back to the well-known biblical story."},{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Troen","title":"«Tro» — faith","body":"«Troen» = 'the faith' (definite of «Tro»). Faith is the keyword of «Frygt og Bæven»: Abraham is the knight of faith who, by virtue of the absurd, gets Isaac back. Note also the capitalized Nouns (Mand, Barn, Søn) of 1843 orthography."},{"kind":"grammar","term":"Der var engang","title":"Expletive «der»","body":"«Der var engang en Mand» ('There once was a man') opens with the placeholder subject «der» — the existential/presentational 'there' that introduces a new, indefinite subject «en Mand»."},{"kind":"grammar","term":"Mand, Barn, Fortælling, Troen","title":"Nouns capitalised (1843 spelling)","body":"Before the 1948 reform Danish capitalised every noun, as German still does: «Mand», «Barn», «Fortælling», «Gud», «Troen», «Søn». A capital mid-sentence therefore flags a noun, not a name."}],"words":[{"surface":"Der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive with var","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"engang","lemma":"engang","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"once"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Mand","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Mand","lemma":"Mand","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of var","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of havde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of hørt","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Barn","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"Barn","lemma":"barn","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of hørt","gloss":"a child"},{"surface":"hørt","lemma":"høre","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"coordinated with var","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"hiin","lemma":"hiin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Fortælling","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"skjønne","lemma":"skjøn","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Fortælling","gloss":"beautiful"},{"surface":"Fortælling","lemma":"Fortælling","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of hørt","gloss":"story"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of fristede","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"hvorledes","lemma":"hvorledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of fristede","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of fristede","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"fristede","lemma":"friste","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"modifies Fortælling","gloss":"tempted"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of fristede","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hvorledes","lemma":"hvorledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of bestod","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bestod","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"bestod","lemma":"bestå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with fristede","gloss":"stood the test"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Fristelsen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Fristelsen","lemma":"fristelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of bestod","gloss":"the temptation"},{"surface":"bevarede","lemma":"bevare","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with bestod","gloss":"kept"},{"surface":"Troen","lemma":"tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of bevarede","gloss":"the faith"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"anden","lemma":"anden","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Gang","gloss":"second"},{"surface":"Gang","lemma":"Gang","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"modifies fik","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"fik","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with bevarede","gloss":"received"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Søn","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Søn","lemma":"Søn","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of fik","gloss":"son"},{"surface":"mod","lemma":"mod","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Forventning","gloss":"against"},{"surface":"Forventning","lemma":"Forventning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"modifies fik","gloss":"expectation"}]},{"number":2,"label":"2","id":"stemning-s2","source":"Da han blev ældre, læste han den samme Fortælling med endnu større Beundring; thi Livet havde adskilt, hvad der var forenet i Barnets fromme Eenfoldighed.","translation":"As he grew older, he read the same story with even greater admiration; for life had now separated what had been united in the child's pious simplicity.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"thi","title":"«thi» — for, because","body":"«thi» is an archaic causal conjunction meaning 'for / because', introducing a reason. It is more solemn than «fordi» and is now wholly literary. «Eenfoldighed» (modern «Enfoldighed», 'simplicity, single-heartedness') shows the period's doubled «ee»."},{"kind":"grammar","term":"læste han","title":"Verb-second word order","body":"With the subordinate clause «Da han blev ældre» fronted, the main clause inverts to «læste han den samme Fortælling» — the finite verb «læste» stays in second position, subject «han» after it."}],"words":[{"surface":"Da","lemma":"da","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of blev","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"blive","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to ældre","gloss":"grew"},{"surface":"ældre","lemma":"gammel","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"complement of blev","gloss":"older"},{"surface":"læste","lemma":"læse","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"read"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of læste","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Fortælling","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"samme","lemma":"samme","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies Fortælling","gloss":"same"},{"surface":"Fortælling","lemma":"fortælling","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of læste","gloss":"story"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Beundring","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"endnu","lemma":"endnu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies større","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"større","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"modifies Beundring","gloss":"greater"},{"surface":"Beundring","lemma":"beundring","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of med","gloss":"admiration"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the reason clause on læste","gloss":"for","note":"'Thi' is an archaic coordinating conjunction meaning 'for/because'; not used in modern Danish."},{"surface":"Livet","lemma":"liv","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of havde","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of adskilt","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"adskilt","lemma":"adskille","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"complement of havde","gloss":"separated"},{"surface":"hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"direct object of adskilt","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative particle","role":"subject of forenet","gloss":"that","note":"'Der' is a required dummy subject after the relative 'hvad' ('hvad der' = 'what' as subject of its clause)."},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of forenet","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"forenet","lemma":"forene","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"complement of var","gloss":"united"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Eenfoldighed","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Barnets","lemma":"barn","morphology":"noun, genitive, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of Eenfoldighed","gloss":"the child's"},{"surface":"fromme","lemma":"from","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Eenfoldighed","gloss":"pious"},{"surface":"Eenfoldighed","lemma":"eenfoldighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of i","gloss":"simplicity"}]},{"number":3,"label":"3","id":"stemning-s3","source":"Jo ældre han blev, desto oftere vendte hans Tanke sig til hiin Fortælling, hans Begeistring blev stærkere og stærkere, og dog kunde han mindre og mindre forstaae Fortællingen.","translation":"The older he grew, the more often his thought turned to that story; his enthusiasm grew stronger and stronger, and yet he could understand the story less and less.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Jo … desto","title":"«Jo … desto» — the more … the more","body":"The correlative «Jo ældre … desto oftere» is the Danish 'the older …, the more often …'. After the «jo»/«desto» element the verb comes next (V2 inversion): «desto oftere vendte hans Tanke sig». «forstaae» and «kunde» are period spellings of «forstå» and «kunne»."},{"kind":"grammar","term":"stærkere og stærkere","title":"Comparison with «-ere»","body":"«stærkere og stærkere» ('stronger and stronger') and «mindre og mindre» form comparatives in «-ere/-re»; the «Jo … desto» frame ('the … the …') pairs two of them."}],"words":[{"surface":"Jo","lemma":"jo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ældre","gloss":"the more","note":"'Jo...desto' is a correlative construction: 'the more X, the more Y.'"},{"surface":"ældre","lemma":"gammel","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"complement of blev","gloss":"older"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"blive","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to ældre","gloss":"grew"},{"surface":"desto","lemma":"desto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vendte","gloss":"the more"},{"surface":"oftere","lemma":"ofte","morphology":"adverb, comparative","role":"modifies vendte","gloss":"more often"},{"surface":"vendte","lemma":"vende","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"turned"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Tanke","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Tanke","lemma":"tanke","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vendte","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of vendte","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Fortælling","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"hiin","lemma":"hiin","morphology":"determiner, demonstrative, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Fortælling","gloss":"that","note":"'Hiin/hiint' is an archaic demonstrative (modern 'hin/hint'), meaning 'that (yonder)'."},{"surface":"Fortælling","lemma":"fortælling","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of til","gloss":"story"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Begeistring","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Begeistring","lemma":"begeistring","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"enthusiasm"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"blive","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to stærkere","gloss":"grew"},{"surface":"stærkere","lemma":"stærk","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"complement of blev","gloss":"stronger"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"stærkere","lemma":"stærk","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"coordinated with stærkere (w17)","gloss":"stronger"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kunde","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of forstaae","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kunde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"mindre","lemma":"lidt","morphology":"adverb, comparative","role":"modifies forstaae","gloss":"less"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"mindre","lemma":"lidt","morphology":"adverb, comparative","role":"coordinated with mindre (w24)","gloss":"less"},{"surface":"forstaae","lemma":"forstaae","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of kunde","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"Fortællingen","lemma":"fortælling","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of forstaae","gloss":"the story"}]},{"number":4,"label":"4","id":"stemning-s4","source":"Tilsidst glemte han alt Andet over den; hans Sjæl havde kun eet Ønske, at see Abraham, een Længsel, at have været Vidne til hiin Begivenhed.","translation":"At last he forgot everything else over it; his soul had but one wish, to see Abraham, one longing, to have been a witness to that event.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"eet / een","title":"«eet», «een» — one (emphatic)","body":"«eet Ønske … een Længsel» = 'one wish … one longing'. The doubled vowel («eet», «een») is the older spelling of the stressed numeral «ét»/«én», used here to stress singularity. «see» = modern «se»."},{"kind":"grammar","term":"eet Ønske … een Længsel","title":"Common vs neuter gender","body":"Gender shows in the numeral/article form: «eet Ønske» (neuter, «et»-word) beside «een Længsel» (common, «en»-word). The same split governs «-et/-en» and adjective «-t»."},{"kind":"grammar","term":"at see … at have været","title":"Infinitive with «at»","body":"The infinitives «at see Abraham» and «at have været Vidne» carry the marker «at» ('to') — Danish's regular infinitive particle, here naming the content of «Ønske» and «Længsel»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Tilsidst","lemma":"tilsidst","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies glemte","gloss":"at last"},{"surface":"glemte","lemma":"glemme","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"forgot"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of glemte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"alt","lemma":"al","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of glemte","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"Andet","lemma":"anden","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"modifies alt","gloss":"else"},{"surface":"over","lemma":"over","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking den","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"object of over","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Sjæl","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Sjæl","lemma":"sjæl","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of havde","gloss":"soul"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"kun","lemma":"kun","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies eet","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"eet","lemma":"et","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Ønske","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"Ønske","lemma":"ønske","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of havde","gloss":"wish"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of see","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"see","lemma":"see","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"in apposition to Ønske","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of see","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"een","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Længsel","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"Længsel","lemma":"længsel","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Ønske","gloss":"longing"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of Vidne","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"have","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of Vidne","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"været","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, participle, singular","role":"copula linking to Vidne","gloss":"been"},{"surface":"Vidne","lemma":"vidne","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"complement of været","gloss":"a witness"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Begivenhed","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"hiin","lemma":"hiin","morphology":"determiner, demonstrative, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Begivenhed","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Begivenhed","lemma":"begivenhed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of til","gloss":"event"}]},{"number":5,"label":"5","id":"stemning-s5","source":"Hans Begjæring var ikke at see Østerlandets skjønne Egne, ikke det forjættede Lands jordiske Herlighed, ikke hiint gudfrygtige Ægtepar, hvis Alderdom Gud velsignede, ikke den bedagede Patriarchs ærværdige Skikkelse, ikke den af Gud skjænkede Isaaks frodige Ungdom — han havde Intet mod, at det Samme foregik paa en gold Hede.","translation":"His craving was not to see the beautiful regions of the East, not the earthly glory of the promised land, not that God-fearing couple whose old age God blessed, not the venerable figure of the aged patriarch, not the flourishing youth of Isaac, granted by God — he had nothing against the same thing happening on a barren heath.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"skjønne / skjænkede","title":"«skj-» — period spelling of «sk-»","body":"1843 orthography keeps a silent «j» in «skjønne» (beautiful) and «skjænkede» (bestowed, granted) — modern «skønne», «skænkede». The same survives today in a few words like «skjorte». «Begjæring» (craving) likewise has the older «gj»."},{"kind":"grammar","term":"hiint","title":"«hiint» — that (neuter)","body":"«hiint» is the neuter of the archaic demonstrative «hiin» (see s1), agreeing with «Ægtepar» (a neuter noun): 'that couple'. The anaphoric «ikke … ikke … ikke» piles up everything he did NOT crave, throwing the weight onto the single thing he did."},{"kind":"grammar","term":"det forjættede Land(s)","title":"Double definiteness","body":"When an adjective modifies a definite noun, Danish drops the suffix and fronts an article: «det forjættede Lands … Herlighed» ('the promised land's glory') — «det» + weak adjective «-e», not «Landet»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Begjæring","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Begjæring","lemma":"begjæring","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"craving"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of see","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"see","lemma":"see","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of var","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"Østerlandets","lemma":"Østerland","morphology":"noun, genitive, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of Egne","gloss":"the East's"},{"surface":"skjønne","lemma":"skjøn","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies Egne","gloss":"beautiful"},{"surface":"Egne","lemma":"egn","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of see","gloss":"regions"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Herlighed","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Lands","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"forjættede","lemma":"forjætte","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"modifies Lands","gloss":"promised"},{"surface":"Lands","lemma":"land","morphology":"noun, genitive, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of Herlighed","gloss":"land's"},{"surface":"jordiske","lemma":"jordisk","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Herlighed","gloss":"earthly"},{"surface":"Herlighed","lemma":"herlighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of see","gloss":"glory"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Ægtepar","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"hiint","lemma":"hiin","morphology":"determiner, demonstrative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies Ægtepar","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"gudfrygtige","lemma":"gudfrygtig","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Ægtepar","gloss":"God-fearing"},{"surface":"Ægtepar","lemma":"ægtepar","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with Herlighed","gloss":"couple"},{"surface":"hvis","lemma":"hvis","morphology":"determiner, relative, possessive","role":"determiner of Alderdom","gloss":"whose"},{"surface":"Alderdom","lemma":"alderdom","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of velsignede","gloss":"old age"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of velsignede","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"velsignede","lemma":"velsigne","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Ægtepar","gloss":"blessed"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Skikkelse","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Patriarchs","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"bedagede","lemma":"bedaget","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Patriarchs","gloss":"aged"},{"surface":"Patriarchs","lemma":"patriark","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Skikkelse","gloss":"the patriarch's"},{"surface":"ærværdige","lemma":"ærværdig","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Skikkelse","gloss":"venerable"},{"surface":"Skikkelse","lemma":"skikkelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Herlighed","gloss":"figure"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Ungdom","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Ungdom","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Gud","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of af","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"skjænkede","lemma":"skjænke","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"relative clause on Ungdom","gloss":"granted"},{"surface":"Isaaks","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun, genitive","role":"possessor of Ungdom","gloss":"Isaac's"},{"surface":"frodige","lemma":"frodig","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Ungdom","gloss":"flourishing"},{"surface":"Ungdom","lemma":"ungdom","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Herlighed","gloss":"youth"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of havde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"Intet","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of havde","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"mod","lemma":"mod","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of foregik","gloss":"against"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of foregik","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Samme","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Samme","lemma":"samme","morphology":"adjective","role":"subject of foregik","gloss":"same thing"},{"surface":"foregik","lemma":"foregå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the at-clause","gloss":"happened"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Hede","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Hede","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gold","lemma":"gold","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies Hede","gloss":"barren"},{"surface":"Hede","lemma":"hede","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of paa","gloss":"heath"}]},{"number":6,"label":"6","id":"stemning-s6","source":"Hans Attraa var at følge med de 3 Dages Reise, da Abraham reed med Sorgen foran sig og Isaak ved sin Side.","translation":"His desire was to accompany the three days' journey, when Abraham rode with sorrow before him and Isaac at his side.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Attraa","title":"«Attraa» — desire, yearning","body":"«Attraa» (modern «Attrå») is an intense desire or yearning. The doubled «aa» is the pre-1948 spelling of «å». «reed» is the past tense of «ride» (modern «red»), with the doubled vowel of the period."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Attraa","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Attraa","lemma":"attraa","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"desire"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of følge","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"følge","lemma":"følge","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of var","gloss":"accompany"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Reise","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of Dages","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Dages","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, plural","role":"modifies Reise","gloss":"days'"},{"surface":"Reise","lemma":"reise","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of med","gloss":"journey"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of reed","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of reed","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"reed","lemma":"ride","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the subordinate clause","gloss":"rode"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Sorgen","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Sorgen","lemma":"sorg","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of med","gloss":"sorrow"},{"surface":"foran","lemma":"foran","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sig","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"object of foran","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"coordinated with Abraham","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Side","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Side","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Side","lemma":"side","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of ved","gloss":"side"}]},{"number":7,"label":"7","id":"stemning-s7","source":"Hans Ønske var at være tilstede i den Stund, da Abraham opløftede sit Øie og saae Morija-Bjerget i det Fjerne, den Stund han lod Æslerne tilbage, og gik ene med Isaak op til Bjerget; thi det, der beskjæftigede ham, var ikke Phantasiens kunstrige Væven, men Tankens Gysen.","translation":"His wish was to be present in the moment when Abraham lifted up his eye and saw Mount Moriah in the distance, the moment when he left the donkeys behind and went alone with Isaac up to the mountain; for what occupied him was not the artful weaving of fantasy, but the shudder of thought.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"saae","title":"«saae» — saw","body":"«saae» is the period spelling of «så» (past tense of «se», to see), with the doubled vowel. «Øie» (eye, modern «øje») and «Phantasiens» (the fantasy's, modern «Fantasiens») likewise preserve the 1843 forms."},{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Tankens Gysen","title":"«Tankens Gysen» — the shudder of thought","body":"«Gysen» is a shudder or shiver of dread. Kierkegaard contrasts «Phantasiens kunstrige Væven» (fantasy's artful weaving) with «Tankens Gysen» — not aesthetic embroidery but the genuine terror of thinking the deed through. This 'fear and trembling' is the book's namesake."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Ønske","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Ønske","lemma":"ønske","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"wish"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to tilstede","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of tilstede","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to tilstede","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"tilstede","lemma":"tilstede","morphology":"adjective","role":"complement of være","gloss":"present"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Stund","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Stund","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Stund","lemma":"stund","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of i","gloss":"moment"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of opløftede","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of opløftede","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"opløftede","lemma":"opløfte","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Stund","gloss":"lifted up"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Øie","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Øie","lemma":"øie","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of opløftede","gloss":"eye"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"saae","lemma":"see","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with opløftede","gloss":"saw"},{"surface":"Morija-Bjerget","lemma":"Morija-Bjerg","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of saae","gloss":"Mount Moriah"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Fjerne","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Fjerne","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Fjerne","lemma":"fjern","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"object of i","gloss":"distance"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Stund","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Stund","lemma":"stund","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial modifier of lod","gloss":"moment"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lod","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"lod","lemma":"lade","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Stund (w22)","gloss":"left"},{"surface":"Æslerne","lemma":"æsel","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of lod","gloss":"the donkeys"},{"surface":"tilbage","lemma":"tilbage","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on lod","gloss":"behind"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"gik","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with lod","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"ene","lemma":"ene","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gik","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Isaak","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"object of med","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"op","lemma":"op","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gik","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Bjerget","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Bjerget","lemma":"bjerg","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of til","gloss":"the mountain"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the following clause","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun, relative particle","role":"subject of beskjæftigede","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"beskjæftigede","lemma":"beskjæftige","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on det","gloss":"occupied"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of beskjæftigede","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Væven","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Væven","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"Phantasiens","lemma":"phantasi","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Væven","gloss":"fantasy's"},{"surface":"kunstrige","lemma":"kunstrig","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Væven","gloss":"artful"},{"surface":"Væven","lemma":"væve","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"complement of var","gloss":"weaving"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Tankens","lemma":"tanke","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Væven","gloss":"thought's"},{"surface":"Gysen","lemma":"gys","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"complement of var","gloss":"shudder"}]},{"number":8,"label":"8","id":"stemning-s8","source":"Hiin Mand var ikke Tænker, han følte ingen Trang til at komme ud over Troen; det tyktes ham at maatte være det Herligste, at ihukommes som dens Fader, et misundelsesværdigt Lod, at eie den, om end Ingen vidste det.","translation":"That man was no thinker; he felt no urge to go beyond faith; it seemed to him that it must be the most glorious thing to be remembered as its father, an enviable lot to possess it, even if no one knew of it.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"komme ud over Troen","title":"«ud over Troen» — beyond faith","body":"To 'go beyond faith' is the polemical target of the book: Kierkegaard's age treated faith as a stage one outgrows on the way to speculative philosophy. This simple man feels no such urge — faith is the highest, not a thing to be surpassed."},{"kind":"grammar","term":"tyktes","title":"«tyktes», «ihukommes» — archaic forms","body":"«det tyktes ham» = 'it seemed to him' (impersonal, archaic «tykkes»). «ihukommes» = 'to be remembered/commemorated', a solemn old passive. «eie» (own) and «maatte» (had to) keep the period spellings of «eje» and «måtte»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hiin","lemma":"hiin","morphology":"determiner, demonstrative, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Mand","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Mand","lemma":"mand","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Tænker","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Tænker","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"Tænker","lemma":"tænker","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"complement of var","gloss":"thinker"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of følte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"følte","lemma":"føle","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"felt"},{"surface":"ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Trang","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"Trang","lemma":"trang","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of følte","gloss":"urge"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of komme","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of komme","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"komme","lemma":"komme","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of Trang","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"ud","lemma":"ud","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on komme","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"over","lemma":"over","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Troen","gloss":"beyond"},{"surface":"Troen","lemma":"tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of over","gloss":"faith"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of tyktes","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"tyktes","lemma":"tykkes","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"seemed","note":"'Tykkes' is an archaic verb meaning 'to seem' (not related to modern 'tyk' = thick)."},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of tyktes","gloss":"to him"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of Herligste","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"maatte","lemma":"maatte","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of Herligste","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to Herligste","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Herligste","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Herligste","lemma":"herligste","morphology":"adjective, superlative","role":"complement of være","gloss":"most glorious thing"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of ihukommes","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ihukommes","lemma":"ihukomme","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"in apposition to Herligste","gloss":"be remembered"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Fader","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"dens","lemma":"dens","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Fader","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"Fader","lemma":"fader","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of som","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Lod","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"misundelsesværdigt","lemma":"misundelsesværdigt","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"modifies Lod","gloss":"enviable"},{"surface":"Lod","lemma":"lod","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with Herligste","gloss":"lot"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of eie","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"eie","lemma":"eie","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"in apposition to Lod","gloss":"possess"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of eie","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vidste","gloss":"if","note":"'Om end' is a fixed concessive idiom meaning 'even if/although.'"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase om","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"Ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vidste","gloss":"no one"},{"surface":"vidste","lemma":"vide","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the om-clause","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of vidste","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":9,"label":"9","id":"stemning-s9","source":"Hiin Mand var ikke lærd Exeget, han kunde ikke Hebraisk; havde han kunnet Hebraisk, da havde han maaskee let forstaaet Fortællingen om Abraham.","translation":"That man was no learned exegete; he knew no Hebrew; had he known Hebrew, then perhaps he would easily have understood the story of Abraham.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"havde han kunnet … da havde han","title":"Conditional inversion (no «hvis»)","body":"Danish forms conditionals by fronting the verb instead of using «hvis»: «havde han kunnet Hebraisk, da havde han …» = 'had he known Hebrew, then he would have …'. The correlative «da» ('then') resumes the main clause. «maaskee» = modern «måske»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hiin","lemma":"hiin","morphology":"determiner, demonstrative, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Mand","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Mand","lemma":"mand","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Exeget","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lærd","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"lærd","lemma":"lærd","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Exeget","gloss":"learned"},{"surface":"Exeget","lemma":"exeget","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"complement of var","gloss":"exegete"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kunde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Hebraisk","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"Hebraisk","lemma":"Hebraisk","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of kunde","gloss":"Hebrew"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of kunnet","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of havde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kunnet","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, participle, singular","role":"complement of havde","gloss":"known"},{"surface":"Hebraisk","lemma":"Hebraisk","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of kunnet","gloss":"Hebrew"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies havde (w16)","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of forstaaet","gloss":"would have"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of havde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"maaskee","lemma":"maaskee","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies let","gloss":"perhaps"},{"surface":"let","lemma":"let","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forstaaet","gloss":"easily"},{"surface":"forstaaet","lemma":"forstaae","morphology":"verb, past, participle","role":"complement of havde","gloss":"understood"},{"surface":"Fortællingen","lemma":"fortælling","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of havde","gloss":"the story"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Abraham","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"object of om","gloss":"Abraham"}]},{"number":10,"label":"10","id":"stemning-s10","source":"»Og Gud fristede Abraham og sagde til ham, tag Isaak, Din eneste Søn, som Du elsker, og gaae hen i det Land Morija og offer ham der til et Brændoffer paa et Bjerg, som jeg vil vise Dig.”","translation":"\"And God tempted Abraham and said to him: take Isaac, thine only son, whom thou lovest, and go into the land of Moriah and offer him there for a burnt offering upon a mountain that I will show thee.\"","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"fristede","title":"«friste» — to tempt / to test","body":"«fristede» is rendered here as 'tempted', echoing the Danish Bible; but in Genesis 22 the sense is 'put to the test'. This double meaning — temptation vs. trial («Fristelse» vs. «Prøvelse») — is exactly the ambiguity «Frygt og Bæven» probes. Note the quotation opens with «»» and closes with «”», the mixed marks of the source edition."},{"kind":"grammar","term":"Din, Du, Dig","title":"Capitalized «Du» — formal address","body":"«Din», «Du», «Dig» are capitalized to mark respectful or sacred address (here God to Abraham), a 19th-century convention. «gaae» and «paa» are period spellings of «gå» and «på»; «Brændoffer» = 'burnt offering'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fristede","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"fristede","lemma":"friste","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"tempted"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of fristede","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sagde","lemma":"sige","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with fristede","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ham","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"object of til","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"tag","lemma":"tage","morphology":"verb, imperative","role":"main verb of the quoted command","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of tag","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"Din","lemma":"din","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Søn","gloss":"thy"},{"surface":"eneste","lemma":"eneste","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies Søn","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"Søn","lemma":"søn","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"in apposition to Isaak","gloss":"son"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"direct object of elsker","gloss":"whom"},{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of elsker","gloss":"thou","note":"The translation renders the archaic formal address ('Du/Dig/Din') with archaic English 'thou/thee/thy' to match the Biblical register."},{"surface":"elsker","lemma":"elske","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Søn","gloss":"lovest"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"gaae","lemma":"gaae","morphology":"verb, imperative","role":"coordinated with tag","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"hen","lemma":"hen","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gaae","gloss":"forth"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Land","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Land","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Land","lemma":"land","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of i","gloss":"land"},{"surface":"Morija","lemma":"Morija","morphology":"proper noun","role":"in apposition to Land","gloss":"Moriah"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"offer","lemma":"offre","morphology":"verb, imperative","role":"coordinated with tag","gloss":"offer"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of offer","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies offer","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Brændoffer","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Brændoffer","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Brændoffer","lemma":"brændoffer","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of til","gloss":"burnt offering"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Bjerg","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Bjerg","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Bjerg","lemma":"bjerg","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of paa","gloss":"mountain"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun, relative","role":"direct object of vise","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vise","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"vil","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of vise","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"vise","lemma":"vise","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"relative clause on Bjerg","gloss":"show"},{"surface":"Dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of vise","gloss":"thee"}]},{"number":11,"label":"11","id":"stemning-s11","source":"Det var en aarle Morgen, Abraham stod tidlig op, han lod Æslerne sadle, forlod sit Paulun, og Isaak med ham, men Sara saae ud ad Vinduet efter dem, ned gjennem Dalen, indtil hun ikke saae dem mere.","translation":"It was early in the morning; Abraham rose early; he had the donkeys saddled, left his tent, and Isaac with him; but Sarah looked out the window after them, down through the valley, until she saw them no more.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"aarle","title":"«aarle» — early (at dawn)","body":"«aarle» is an archaic adverb, 'early in the morning, at dawn' (modern spelling «årle»). The refrain «Det var en aarle Morgen» opens each of the four retellings of the binding of Isaac. «Paulun» is an old word for a tent or pavilion."},{"kind":"grammar","term":"gjennem","title":"«gjennem» — through","body":"«gjennem» is the period spelling of «gennem» (through), again with the silent «j» of «gj-». «saae» (saw) appears twice with the doubled vowel of the 1843 text."},{"kind":"grammar","term":"Vinduet … Dalen","title":"Postposed definite article","body":"«Vinduet» ('the window') and «Dalen» ('the valley') carry the definite article as a suffix — «-et» on neuter, «-en» on common nouns — rather than a separate word for 'the'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Morgen","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Morgen","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"aarle","lemma":"aarle","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies Morgen","gloss":"early","note":"Archaic Danish word for \"early\" (cf. the fixed phrase \"årle og silde\"), no longer in everyday use."},{"surface":"Morgen","lemma":"morgen","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of var","gloss":"morning"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of stod","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"stod","lemma":"stå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with var","gloss":"rose"},{"surface":"tidlig","lemma":"tidlig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stod","gloss":"early"},{"surface":"op","lemma":"op","morphology":"adverb","role":"particle completing stod (stå op)","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lod","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"lod","lemma":"lade","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with stod","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"Æslerne","lemma":"æsel","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of lod","gloss":"the donkeys"},{"surface":"sadle","lemma":"sadle","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of lod","gloss":"saddled"},{"surface":"forlod","lemma":"forlade","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with lod","gloss":"left"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Paulun","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Paulun","lemma":"paulun","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of forlod","gloss":"tent","note":"\"Paulun\" is an archaic common noun for \"tent/pavilion,\" not a proper name."},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"coordinated with han as companion of forlod","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ham","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of forlod","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Sara","lemma":"Sara","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of saae","gloss":"Sarah"},{"surface":"saae","lemma":"see","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with forlod","gloss":"looked"},{"surface":"ud","lemma":"ud","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies saae","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Vinduet","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"Vinduet","lemma":"vindue","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of saae","gloss":"the window"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"oblique complement of saae","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"ned","lemma":"ned","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies saae","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"gjennem","lemma":"gennem","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dalen","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"Dalen","lemma":"dal","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of saae","gloss":"the valley"},{"surface":"indtil","lemma":"indtil","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of saae (w35)","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"hun","lemma":"hun","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of saae (w35)","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies saae (w35)","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"saae","lemma":"see","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"verb of the clause introduced by indtil","gloss":"saw"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of saae (w35)","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"mere","lemma":"mere","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies saae (w35)","gloss":"anymore"}]},{"number":12,"label":"12","id":"stemning-s12","source":"De rede tause i 3 Dage, paa den åde Dags Morgen sagde Abraham end ikke et Ord, men opløftede Øiet og saae MorijaBjerget i det Fjerne.","translation":"They rode silently for three days; on the morning of the fourth day Abraham did not say even a word, but lifted up his eye and saw Mount Moriah in the distance.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"tause","title":"«tause» — silent (plural)","body":"«tause» is the plural of the adjective «taus» (silent), agreeing with «De» (they): 'they rode silent'. Silence — «Taushed» — pervades the book, whose pseudonym is Johannes de silentio, 'John of the silence'. («åde» here is the source edition's reading for «fjerde», fourth.)"}],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of rede","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"rede","lemma":"ride","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, plural, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"rode","note":"\"Rede\" is the archaic plural past tense of \"ride\" (to ride); 19th-century Danish still conjugated verbs for number (\"jeg red\" vs. \"de rede\")."},{"surface":"tause","lemma":"taus","morphology":"adjective, plural, used adverbially","role":"modifies rede","gloss":"silently"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dage","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"Dage","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of rede","gloss":"days"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Morgen","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Morgen","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"åde","lemma":"fjerde","morphology":"adjective, ordinal","role":"modifies Dags","gloss":"fourth","note":"Almost certainly a garbled rendering of the archaic ordinal abbreviation \"4de\" (fjerde, \"fourth\"), matching the translation \"the fourth day.\""},{"surface":"Dags","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, genitive","role":"possessor of Morgen","gloss":"day's"},{"surface":"Morgen","lemma":"morgen","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sagde","gloss":"morning"},{"surface":"sagde","lemma":"sige","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of sagde","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ikke (end ikke = \"not even\")","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sagde","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Ord","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Ord","lemma":"ord","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of sagde","gloss":"word"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"opløftede","lemma":"opløfte","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with sagde","gloss":"lifted up"},{"surface":"Øiet","lemma":"øie","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of opløftede","gloss":"his eye"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"saae","lemma":"see","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with opløftede","gloss":"saw"},{"surface":"MorijaBjerget","lemma":"Morija-Bjerg","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of saae","gloss":"Mount Moriah"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Fjerne","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Fjerne","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Fjerne","lemma":"fjern","morphology":"adjective used as a noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of saae","gloss":"distance"}]},{"number":13,"label":"13","id":"stemning-s13","source":"Han lod Drengene tilbage og gik ene med Isaak ved Haanden op til Bjerget.","translation":"He left the boys behind and went alone with Isaac by the hand up to the mountain.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Haanden","title":"«Haanden» — the hand","body":"«Haanden» = 'the hand' (modern «hånden»), with the doubled «aa» for «å». «ene» here is the adjective/adverb 'alone'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lod","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"lod","lemma":"lade","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"left"},{"surface":"Drengene","lemma":"dreng","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of lod","gloss":"the boys"},{"surface":"tilbage","lemma":"tilbage","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lod (lod tilbage = \"left behind\")","gloss":"behind"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"gik","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with lod","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"ene","lemma":"ene","morphology":"adjective, used adverbially","role":"modifies gik","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Isaak","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of gik","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Haanden","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"Haanden","lemma":"haand","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gik","gloss":"the hand"},{"surface":"op","lemma":"op","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gik","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Bjerget","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Bjerget","lemma":"bjerg","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of gik","gloss":"the mountain"}]},{"number":14,"label":"14","id":"stemning-s14","source":"Men Abraham sagde til sig selv: ,jeg vil dog ikke dølge for Isaak, hvorhen denne Gang fører ham.\"","translation":"But Abraham said to himself: \"I will not, after all, hide from Isaac where this path is leading him.\"","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"dog","title":"«dog» — yet, after all","body":"«dog» is a modal particle softening or qualifying the statement: 'yet / after all / nevertheless'. «dølge» = 'to conceal, hide'. The opening low comma «,» (and closing «\"») is the source edition's quotation style for inner speech."}],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of sagde","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"sagde","lemma":"sige","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sig","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"oblique complement of sagde","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun, emphatic","role":"modifies sig","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vil","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"vil","lemma":"ville","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of dølge","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dølge","gloss":"after all"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dølge","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"dølge","lemma":"dølge","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of vil","gloss":"hide"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Isaak","gloss":"from","note":"\"Dølge for\" is an idiom meaning \"hide from\" — \"for\" does not carry its usual English sense of \"for\" here."},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of dølge","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"hvorhen","lemma":"hvorhen","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fører","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"denne","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Gang","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Gang","lemma":"gang","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fører","gloss":"path"},{"surface":"fører","lemma":"føre","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"verb of the clause functioning as object of dølge","gloss":"leads"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of fører","gloss":"him"}]},{"number":15,"label":"15","id":"stemning-s15","source":"Han stod stille, han lagde sin Haand paa Isaaks Hoved til en Velsignelse, og Isaak bøjede sig for at modtage den.","translation":"He stood still; he laid his hand on Isaac's head in blessing, and Isaac bowed to receive it.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of stod","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"stod","lemma":"stå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"stille","lemma":"stille","morphology":"adjective, used adverbially","role":"modifies stod","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lagde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"lagde","lemma":"lægge","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with stod","gloss":"laid"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Haand","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Haand","lemma":"haand","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of lagde","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Hoved","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"Isaaks","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun, genitive","role":"possessor of Hoved","gloss":"Isaac's"},{"surface":"Hoved","lemma":"hoved","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of lagde","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Velsignelse","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Velsignelse","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Velsignelse","lemma":"velsignelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of lagde","gloss":"blessing"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of bøjede","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"bøjede","lemma":"bøje","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with lagde","gloss":"bowed"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of bøjede","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of modtage","gloss":"in order"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of modtage","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"modtage","lemma":"modtage","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on bøjede","gloss":"receive"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of modtage","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":16,"label":"16","id":"stemning-s16","source":"Og Abrahams Aasyn var Faderlighed, hans Blik var mildt, hans Tale formanende.","translation":"And Abraham's countenance was fatherliness; his gaze was gentle, his speech admonishing.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Aasyn","title":"«Aasyn» — countenance, face","body":"«Aasyn» (modern «Åsyn») is an elevated, almost biblical word for the face or countenance, weightier than «Ansigt». Its recurrence — Abraham's «Aasyn» of fatherliness here, then of horror later — marks the turning point in the first retelling."}],"words":[{"surface":"Og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Abrahams","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun, genitive","role":"possessor of Aasyn","gloss":"Abraham's"},{"surface":"Aasyn","lemma":"aasyn","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of Faderlighed","gloss":"countenance"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Faderlighed","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"Faderlighed","lemma":"faderlighed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"fatherliness"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Blik","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Blik","lemma":"blik","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of mildt","gloss":"gaze"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to mildt","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"mildt","lemma":"mild","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with Faderlighed","gloss":"gentle"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Tale","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Tale","lemma":"tale","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of formanende","gloss":"speech"},{"surface":"formanende","lemma":"formanende","morphology":"adjective","role":"coordinated with mildt","gloss":"admonishing"}]},{"number":17,"label":"17","id":"stemning-s17","source":"Men Isaak kunde ikke forstaae ham, hans Sjæl kunde ikke opløftes; han omfattede Abrahams Knæe, han bønfaldt ved hans Fod, han bad for sit unge Liv, for: sin skjønne Forhaabning, han mindede om Glæden i Abrahams Huus, han mindede om Sorgen og Eensomheden.","translation":"But Isaac could not understand him; his soul could not be lifted up; he clasped Abraham's knees, he pleaded at his feet, he begged for his young life, for his beautiful hope; he reminded him of the joy in Abraham's house, he reminded him of the sorrow and the loneliness.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"bønfaldt","title":"«bønfalde» — to implore","body":"«bønfaldt» (past of «bønfalde», 'to implore, beseech') builds from «Bøn» (prayer/plea). The cascade «han bønfaldt … han bad … han mindede» renders Isaac's mounting entreaty. «Eensomheden» (loneliness, modern «Ensomheden») keeps the period's doubled «ee»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of forstaae","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"could","note":"\"Kunde\" is the archaic spelling of \"kunne\" (could), the past tense of the modal verb \"kunne.\""},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forstaae","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"forstaae","lemma":"forstå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of kunde","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of forstaae","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Sjæl","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Sjæl","lemma":"sjæl","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of opløftes","gloss":"soul"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of opløftes","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies opløftes","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"opløftes","lemma":"opløfte","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of kunde, coordinated with forstaae's clause","gloss":"be lifted up"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of omfattede","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"omfattede","lemma":"omfatte","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with opløftes","gloss":"clasped"},{"surface":"Abrahams","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun, genitive","role":"possessor of Knæe","gloss":"Abraham's"},{"surface":"Knæe","lemma":"knæ","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of omfattede","gloss":"knees"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bønfaldt","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"bønfaldt","lemma":"bønfalde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with omfattede","gloss":"pleaded"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Fod","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Fod","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Fod","lemma":"fod","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of bønfaldt","gloss":"feet"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bad","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"bad","lemma":"bede","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with bønfaldt","gloss":"begged"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Liv","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Liv","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"unge","lemma":"ung","morphology":"adjective, singular","role":"modifies Liv","gloss":"young"},{"surface":"Liv","lemma":"liv","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of bad","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Forhaabning","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Forhaabning","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"skjønne","lemma":"skjøn","morphology":"adjective, definite/weak form","role":"modifies Forhaabning","gloss":"beautiful"},{"surface":"Forhaabning","lemma":"forhaabning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of bad","gloss":"hope"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of mindede","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"mindede","lemma":"minde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with bad","gloss":"reminded"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Glæden","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Glæden","lemma":"glæde","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of mindede","gloss":"the joy"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Huus","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Abrahams","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun, genitive","role":"possessor of Huus","gloss":"Abraham's"},{"surface":"Huus","lemma":"huus","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"modifies Glæden","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of mindede (w39)","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"mindede","lemma":"minde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with mindede (w32)","gloss":"reminded"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Sorgen","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Sorgen","lemma":"sorg","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of mindede (w39)","gloss":"the sorrow"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Eensomheden","lemma":"eensomhed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Sorgen","gloss":"the loneliness"}]},{"number":18,"label":"18","id":"stemning-s18","source":"Da reiste Abraham Drengen op og gik med ham ved sin Haand, og hans Ord vare fulde af Trøst og Formaning.","translation":"Then Abraham raised the boy up and walked with him by his hand, and his words were full of comfort and exhortation.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"vare","title":"«vare» — were (plural)","body":"«vare» is the old plural past of «være» (to be): «hans Ord vare fulde» = 'his words were full'. Danish abolished plural verb agreement in the 20th century, so modern Danish would write «var». «reiste … op» = 'raised up' (modern «rejste»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies reiste","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"reiste","lemma":"reise","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"raised"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of reiste","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"Drengen","lemma":"dreng","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of reiste","gloss":"the boy"},{"surface":"op","lemma":"op","morphology":"adverb","role":"particle completing reiste (reise op)","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"gik","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with reiste","gloss":"walked"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ham","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gik","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Haand","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Haand","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Haand","lemma":"haand","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gik","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Ord","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Ord","lemma":"ord","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural","role":"subject of vare","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"vare","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, plural, active","role":"copula linking to fulde","gloss":"were","note":"\"Vare\" is the archaic plural past tense of \"være\" (to be); modern Danish uses \"var\" for every person and number."},{"surface":"fulde","lemma":"fuld","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies vare","gloss":"full"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Trøst","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Trøst","lemma":"trøst","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of fulde","gloss":"comfort"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Formaning","lemma":"formaning","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Trøst","gloss":"exhortation"}]},{"number":19,"label":"19","id":"stemning-s19","source":"Men Isaak kunde ikke forstaae ham.","translation":"But Isaac could not understand him.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of forstaae","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"could","note":"\"Kunde\" is the archaic spelling of \"kunne\" (could)."},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forstaae","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"forstaae","lemma":"forstå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of kunde","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of forstaae","gloss":"him"}]},{"number":20,"label":"20","id":"stemning-s20","source":"Han besteg Morija-Bjerget, men Isaak forstod ham ikke.","translation":"He climbed Mount Moriah, but Isaac did not understand him.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of besteg","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"besteg","lemma":"bestige","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"climbed"},{"surface":"Morija-Bjerget","lemma":"Morija-Bjerg","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of besteg","gloss":"Mount Moriah"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of forstod","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"forstod","lemma":"forstå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with besteg","gloss":"understood"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of forstod","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forstod","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":21,"label":"21","id":"stemning-s21","source":"Da vendte han sig bort et Øieblik fra ham, men da Isaak anden Gang saae Abrahams Aasyn, da var det forandret.","translation":"Then he turned away from him for a moment, but when Isaac a second time saw Abraham's countenance, it was changed.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Da … da","title":"«Da» / «da» — temporal 'when' / 'then'","body":"«Da» fronting a clause means 'when' and triggers verb-second inversion: «da Isaak … saae … da var det forandret». The second «da» resumes the main clause as 'then'. «Øieblik» = 'moment, instant' (modern «øjeblik», literally 'eye-blink')."}],"words":[{"surface":"Da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vendte","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"vendte","lemma":"vende","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"turned"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vendte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of vendte","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"bort","lemma":"bort","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vendte","gloss":"away"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Øieblik","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Øieblik","lemma":"øieblik","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"temporal modifier of vendte","gloss":"moment"},{"surface":"fra","lemma":"fra","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ham","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of vendte","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of saae","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of saae","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"anden","lemma":"anden","morphology":"adjective, ordinal","role":"determiner of Gang","gloss":"second"},{"surface":"Gang","lemma":"gang","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"temporal modifier of saae","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"saae","lemma":"see","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause introduced by da (w11)","gloss":"saw"},{"surface":"Abrahams","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun, genitive","role":"possessor of Aasyn","gloss":"Abraham's"},{"surface":"Aasyn","lemma":"aasyn","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of saae","gloss":"countenance"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to forandret","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"forandret","lemma":"forandre","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"predicate complement of var","gloss":"changed"}]},{"number":22,"label":"22","id":"stemning-s22","source":"hans Blik var vildt, hans Skikkelse var Rædsel.","translation":"his gaze was wild, his figure was terror.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Rædsel","title":"«Rædsel» — terror, horror","body":"«Rædsel» = horror/terror. Note the predicate noun: «hans Skikkelse var Rædsel» — 'his figure was terror' — identifies Abraham's whole form with dread rather than merely calling it terrible. The sentence begins lowercase in the source, continuing the previous one's clause-chain."}],"words":[{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Blik","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Blik","lemma":"blik","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of vildt","gloss":"gaze"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to vildt","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"vildt","lemma":"vild","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"wild"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Skikkelse","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Skikkelse","lemma":"skikkelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Rædsel","gloss":"figure"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Rædsel","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"Rædsel","lemma":"rædsel","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with vildt","gloss":"terror"}]},{"number":23,"label":"23","id":"stemning-s23","source":"Han greb Isaak i Brystet, kastede ham til Jorden og sagde: »Dumme Dreng, troer Du jeg er Din Fader?","translation":"He seized Isaac by the breast, threw him to the ground, and said: \"Foolish boy, do you believe I am your father?","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"troer","title":"«troer» — believe (present)","body":"«troer» is the period spelling of «tror» (present of «tro», to believe/think). The question «troer Du jeg er Din Fader?» plays on «Tro» (faith) — Abraham feigns faithlessness to spare Isaac's faith in God, the cruelest mercy of this first retelling."}],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of greb","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"greb","lemma":"gribe","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"seized"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of greb","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Brystet","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"Brystet","lemma":"bryst","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of greb","gloss":"the breast"},{"surface":"kastede","lemma":"kaste","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with greb","gloss":"threw"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of kastede","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Jorden","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Jorden","lemma":"jord","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kastede","gloss":"the ground"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sagde","lemma":"sige","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with kastede","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Dumme","lemma":"dum","morphology":"adjective, definite/weak form","role":"modifies Dreng","gloss":"foolish"},{"surface":"Dreng","lemma":"dreng","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"vocative address within the quoted speech of sagde","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"troer","lemma":"troe","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the embedded question","gloss":"believe"},{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of troer","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Fader, complement clause of troer","gloss":"am"},{"surface":"Din","lemma":"din","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Fader","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"Fader","lemma":"fader","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"father"}]},{"number":24,"label":"24","id":"stemning-s24","source":"Jeg er en Afgudsdyrker.","translation":"I am an idolater.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Afgudsdyrker","title":"«Afgudsdyrker» — idolater","body":"«Afgudsdyrker» = 'idol-worshipper', from «Afgud» (false god, 'off-god') + «dyrke» (to worship/cultivate). Abraham lies, claiming the sacrifice is idolatry and his own lust rather than God's command — so that Isaac will lose faith in Abraham instead of in God."}],"words":[{"surface":"Jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Afgudsdyrker","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Afgudsdyrker","gloss":"am"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Afgudsdyrker","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"Afgudsdyrker","lemma":"afgudsdyrker","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"idolater"}]},{"number":25,"label":"25","id":"stemning-s25","source":"Troer Du det er Guds Befaling?","translation":"Do you believe it is God's command?","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Troer","lemma":"troe","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"believe"},{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Troer","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of Befaling","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Befaling","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"Guds","lemma":"gud","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Befaling","gloss":"God's"},{"surface":"Befaling","lemma":"befaling","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"command"}]},{"number":26,"label":"26","id":"stemning-s26","source":"Nei det er min Lyst.\"","translation":"No, it is my own lust.\"","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Lyst","title":"«Lyst» — desire, lust, whim","body":"«Lyst» ranges from 'pleasure/inclination' to 'lust/whim'. Set against «Guds Befaling» (God's command), it casts the deed as Abraham's own perverse craving — the very opposite of obedient faith. «Nei» = period spelling of «Nej» (no)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Nei","lemma":"nej","morphology":"interjection","role":"interjection","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of Lyst","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Lyst","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"min","lemma":"min","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Lyst","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"Lyst","lemma":"lyst","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"lust"}]},{"number":27,"label":"27","id":"stemning-s27","source":"Da skjælvede Isaak og raabte i sin Angst: .,Gud i Himlene forbarm Dig over mig, Abrahams Gud forbarm Dig over mig, har jeg ingen Fader paa Jorden, saa vær Du min Fader!\"","translation":"Then Isaac trembled and cried out in his dread: \"God in heaven have mercy on me, God of Abraham have mercy on me; if I have no father on earth, then be Thou my father!\"","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Angst","title":"«Angst» — dread, anxiety","body":"«Angst» is dread/anxiety, a cornerstone Kierkegaardian term (later the title «Begrebet Angest», The Concept of Anxiety). Isaac's «skjælvede» (trembled, modern «skælvede») embodies the theme of fear and trembling — but the book's title «Frygt og Bæven» derives from Philippians 2:12, and the 'trembling' in that title is «Bæven» (from the verb «bæve»), a lexically distinct word from «skjælve». The quotation marks here are the source's «.,» opening and «\"» closing."},{"kind":"grammar","term":"har … saa","title":"Conditional without «hvis»","body":"«har jeg ingen Fader paa Jorden, saa vær Du min Fader» fronts the verb to form a conditional ('if I have no father on earth, then be my father'), with «saa» ('then') opening the consequence. The capitalized «Du» again marks sacred address."}],"words":[{"surface":"Da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of skjælvede","gloss":"Then"},{"surface":"skjælvede","lemma":"skjælve","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"trembled"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of skjælvede","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"raabte","lemma":"raabe","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with skjælvede","gloss":"cried out"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Angst","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Angst","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Angst","lemma":"Angst","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of raabte","gloss":"dread"},{"surface":".,Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"vocative address to forbarm","gloss":"God","note":"Direct address (vocative) opening the quoted prayer — Gud is being addressed, not acting as grammatical subject."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Himlene","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Himlene","lemma":"himmel","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural, definite","role":"modifies Gud","gloss":"heaven"},{"surface":"forbarm","lemma":"forbarme sig","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"have mercy"},{"surface":"Dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive object of forbarm","gloss":"yourself","note":"forbarme sig over is an idiomatic reflexive verb, 'to have mercy on' — Dig is the required reflexive pronoun, not an independent object."},{"surface":"over","lemma":"over","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mig","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of forbarm","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"Abrahams","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun, genitive","role":"possessor of Gud","gloss":"Abraham's"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"vocative address to forbarm","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"forbarm","lemma":"forbarme sig","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"coordinated with forbarm","gloss":"have mercy"},{"surface":"Dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"reflexive object of forbarm","gloss":"yourself"},{"surface":"over","lemma":"over","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mig","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of forbarm","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the conditional clause","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of har","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Fader","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"Fader","lemma":"Fader","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Jorden","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"Jorden","lemma":"Jord","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"modifies Fader","gloss":"earth"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the consequent clause of vær","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"vær","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"copula linking to Fader","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Fader","gloss":"Thou"},{"surface":"min","lemma":"min","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Fader","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"Fader","lemma":"Fader","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of vær","gloss":"father"}]},{"number":28,"label":"28","id":"stemning-s28","source":"Men Abraham sagde sagte ved sig selv: ,Herre i Himlene, jeg takker Dig; det er dog bedre at han troer, jeg er et Umenneske, end at han skulde tabe Troen paa Dig.\"","translation":"But Abraham said softly to himself: \"Lord in heaven, I thank Thee; it is, after all, better that he believe I am a monster than that he should lose his faith in Thee.\"","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Umenneske","title":"«Umenneske» — monster, brute","body":"«Umenneske» literally 'un-human' = a brute or monster. Abraham would rather Isaac think him inhuman than have Isaac «tabe Troen paa Dig» (lose faith in God) — the paradox of this version: the loving father chooses to be hated to keep his son's faith intact."},{"kind":"grammar","term":"tabe Troen paa","title":"«tabe Troen paa» — to lose faith in","body":"«tabe Troen paa Dig» = 'to lose faith in You'. «skulde» (period «skulle») in «end at han skulde tabe» carries a subjunctive-like, hypothetical force after the comparison. «sagte» = 'softly, quietly' (adverb, distinct from past tense «sagde», said)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"But"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of sagde","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"sagde","lemma":"sige","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"sagte","lemma":"sagte","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sagde","gloss":"softly"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sig","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"oblique complement of sagde","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies sig","gloss":"self"},{"surface":"Herre","lemma":"Herre","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"vocative address opening the quoted prayer","gloss":"Lord"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Himlene","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Himlene","lemma":"himmel","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural, definite","role":"modifies Herre","gloss":"heaven"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of takker","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"takker","lemma":"takke","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"thank"},{"surface":"Dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of takker","gloss":"Thee"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of bedre","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to bedre","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bedre","gloss":"after all"},{"surface":"bedre","lemma":"god","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"better"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of troer","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of troer","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"troer","lemma":"troe","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of bedre","gloss":"believe"},{"surface":"jeg","lemma":"jeg","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Umenneske","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Umenneske","gloss":"am"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Umenneske","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Umenneske","lemma":"Umenneske","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"monster"},{"surface":"end","lemma":"end","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the comparative clause (than)","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tabe","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tabe","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tabe","gloss":"should"},{"surface":"tabe","lemma":"tabe","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the clause introduced by end at","gloss":"lose"},{"surface":"Troen","lemma":"Tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"direct object of tabe","gloss":"faith"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dig","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of Troen","gloss":"Thee"}]},{"number":29,"label":"29","id":"stemning-s29","source":"É 3 n x Naar Barnet skal vænnes fra, da sværter Moderen sit Bryst, det var jo og Synd, at Brystet skulde see lifligt ud, naar Barnet ikke maa faae det.","translation":"* * * When the child is to be weaned, the mother blackens her breast; for it would indeed be a shame that the breast should look inviting when the child may not have it.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"vænnes fra","title":"«vænnes fra» — to be weaned","body":"«vænnes fra» = 'to be weaned' (passive of «vænne fra», to wean), from «vænne» (to accustom). Each of the four retellings is paired with a tableau of weaning — the mother's small cruelties that teach the child to let go, a homely figure for Abraham's trial. The «É 3 n x» at the head is the source edition's garbled rendering of a printer's ornament marking the section break."},{"kind":"grammar","term":"Naar … da","title":"«Naar … da» — when … then","body":"«Naar» ('when', modern «når») fronts the subordinate clause and «da» ('then') opens the main clause with verb-second order: «Naar Barnet skal vænnes fra, da sværter Moderen …». «see» = «se» (look); «liflig» = sweet, lovely, inviting."}],"words":[{"surface":"É","lemma":"É","morphology":"symbol","role":"section-break marker","gloss":"printer's mark","note":"É / n / x appear to be OCR-garbled remains of a section-break ornament (the translation shows '* * *'), not Danish words."},{"surface":"n","lemma":"n","morphology":"symbol","role":"part of section-break marker","gloss":"printer's mark"},{"surface":"x","lemma":"x","morphology":"symbol","role":"part of section-break marker","gloss":"printer's mark"},{"surface":"Naar","lemma":"naar","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vænnes","gloss":"When"},{"surface":"Barnet","lemma":"barn","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"subject of vænnes","gloss":"the child"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of vænnes","gloss":"is to"},{"surface":"vænnes","lemma":"vænnes","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"be weaned"},{"surface":"fra","lemma":"fra","morphology":"adverbial particle","role":"particle of vænnes","gloss":"off","note":"vænne (sig) fra is a phrasal verb, 'to wean' — fra is its separable particle, not a standalone preposition here."},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the consequent clause of sværter","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"sværter","lemma":"sværte","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the main clause","gloss":"blackens"},{"surface":"Moderen","lemma":"Moder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"subject of sværter","gloss":"the mother"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Bryst","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"Bryst","lemma":"Bryst","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of sværter","gloss":"breast"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Synd","gloss":"would be"},{"surface":"jo","lemma":"jo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"Synd","lemma":"synd","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of var","gloss":"a shame"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause complementing Synd","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Brystet","lemma":"Bryst","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"subject of skulde","gloss":"the breast"},{"surface":"skulde","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of see","gloss":"should"},{"surface":"see","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb governed by skulde","gloss":"look"},{"surface":"lifligt","lemma":"liflig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of see","gloss":"inviting"},{"surface":"ud","lemma":"ud","morphology":"adverbial particle","role":"particle of see","gloss":"appear","note":"se...ud (lit. 'see out') is a phrasal verb meaning 'to look/appear.'"},{"surface":"naar","lemma":"naar","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of faae","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"Barnet","lemma":"barn","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"subject of faae","gloss":"the child"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies faae","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"maa","lemma":"maatte","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of faae","gloss":"may"},{"surface":"faae","lemma":"faae","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb governed by maa","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of faae","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":30,"label":"30","id":"stemning-s30","source":"Saa troer Barnet, at Brystet har forandret sig, men Moderen hun er den samme, hendes Blik er kjærligt og ømt som altid.","translation":"Then the child believes that the breast has changed, but the mother, she is the same; her gaze is loving and tender as always.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"kjærligt","title":"«kjærligt» — loving","body":"«kjærligt» is the period spelling of «kærligt» (loving), keeping the «kj-» of older orthography (cf. «Kjærlighed», love). The resumptive «Moderen hun er den samme» ('the mother, she is the same') is a left-dislocation for emphasis — the constancy behind the apparent change."}],"words":[{"surface":"Saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies troer","gloss":"Then"},{"surface":"troer","lemma":"troe","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"believes"},{"surface":"Barnet","lemma":"barn","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"subject of troer","gloss":"the child"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of forandret","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Brystet","lemma":"Bryst","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"subject of forandret","gloss":"the breast"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of forandret","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"forandret","lemma":"forandre","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"clausal complement of troer","gloss":"changed"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of forandret","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Moderen","lemma":"Moder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"left-dislocated, in apposition to hun","gloss":"the mother","note":"Moderen is a fronted topic resumed by the pronoun hun — a common spoken-style construction; together they mean simply 'the mother.'"},{"surface":"hun","lemma":"hun","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of samme","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to samme","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of samme","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"samme","lemma":"samme","morphology":"adjective","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"same"},{"surface":"hendes","lemma":"hendes","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Blik","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"Blik","lemma":"Blik","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of kjærligt","gloss":"gaze"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to kjærligt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"kjærligt","lemma":"kjærlig","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of er","gloss":"loving"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ømt","lemma":"øm","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with kjærligt","gloss":"tender"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the comparative phrase","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"altid","lemma":"altid","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kjærligt","gloss":"always"}]},{"number":31,"label":"31","id":"stemning-s31","source":"Held den, der ikke behøvede forfærdeligere Midler for at vænne Barnet fra!","translation":"Blessed is the one who did not need more terrible means to wean the child!","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Held den, der","title":"«Held den, der …» — blessed is the one who","body":"«Held den, der …» is a fixed benedictive formula, 'happy/blessed is the one who …'. It closes each weaning tableau, blessing whoever was spared a harsher loss — and so, by contrast, measuring the terror of Abraham's «forfærdeligere Midler» (more terrible means)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Held","lemma":"held","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Blessed"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"complement of Held","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of behøvede","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies behøvede","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"behøvede","lemma":"behøve","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"needed"},{"surface":"forfærdeligere","lemma":"forfærdelig","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"modifies Midler","gloss":"more terrible"},{"surface":"Midler","lemma":"Middel","morphology":"noun, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of behøvede","gloss":"means"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the purpose clause with at","gloss":"in order"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the purpose clause with at","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"vænne","lemma":"vænne","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive verb of the purpose clause","gloss":"wean"},{"surface":"Barnet","lemma":"barn","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"direct object of vænne","gloss":"the child"},{"surface":"fra","lemma":"fra","morphology":"adverbial particle","role":"particle of vænne","gloss":"off"}]},{"number":32,"label":"32","id":"stemning-s32","source":"Det var en aarle Morgen, Abraham stod tidlig op, han omfavnede Sara, sin Alderdoms Brud, og Sara kyssede Isaak, der tog Skændselen fra hende, hendes Stolthed, hendes Haab i alle Slægter.","translation":"It was early in the morning; Abraham rose early; he embraced Sarah, the bride of his old age, and Sarah kissed Isaac, who had taken her shame from her, her pride, her hope through all generations.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Skændselen","title":"«Skændsel» — shame, disgrace","body":"«Skændselen» (the disgrace; modern «Skændslen») here is the shame of Sarah's barrenness, which the birth of Isaac «tog … fra hende» (took from her). «Alderdoms Brud» = 'bride of (his) old age'. The refrain «Det var en aarle Morgen» reopens the second retelling."}],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of Morgen","gloss":"It"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Morgen","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Morgen","gloss":"an"},{"surface":"aarle","lemma":"aarle","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies Morgen","gloss":"early"},{"surface":"Morgen","lemma":"Morgen","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of var","gloss":"morning"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of stod","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"stod","lemma":"stå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the second clause","gloss":"rose"},{"surface":"tidlig","lemma":"tidlig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stod","gloss":"early"},{"surface":"op","lemma":"op","morphology":"adverb","role":"particle of stod","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of omfavnede","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"omfavnede","lemma":"omfavne","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with stod","gloss":"embraced"},{"surface":"Sara","lemma":"Sara","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of omfavnede","gloss":"Sarah"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Brud","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Alderdoms","lemma":"Alderdom","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of Brud","gloss":"old age's"},{"surface":"Brud","lemma":"Brud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"in apposition to Sara","gloss":"bride"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Sara","lemma":"Sara","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of kyssede","gloss":"Sarah"},{"surface":"kyssede","lemma":"kysse","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with omfavnede","gloss":"kissed"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of kyssede","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of tog","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"tog","lemma":"tage","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Isaak","gloss":"had taken"},{"surface":"Skændselen","lemma":"Skændsel","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"direct object of tog","gloss":"the shame"},{"surface":"fra","lemma":"fra","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hende","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"hende","lemma":"hun","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of tog","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"hendes","lemma":"hendes","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Stolthed","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"Stolthed","lemma":"Stolthed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tog, coordinated with Skændselen","gloss":"pride"},{"surface":"hendes","lemma":"hendes","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Haab","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"Haab","lemma":"Haab","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of tog, coordinated with Skændselen","gloss":"hope"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Slægter","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"alle","lemma":"al","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies Slægter","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"Slægter","lemma":"Slægt","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of Haab","gloss":"generations"}]},{"number":33,"label":"33","id":"stemning-s33","source":"Såa rede de tause hen ad Veien, og Abrahams Blik var fæstet mod Jorden, til paa den åde Dag, da opløftede han Øiet og saae langt borte Morija-Bjerget, men hans Blik vendte sig atter mod Jorden.","translation":"So they rode silently along the road, and Abraham's gaze was fixed on the ground, until on the fourth day he lifted up his eye and saw Mount Moriah far off, but his gaze turned again to the ground.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"hen ad Veien","title":"«hen ad Veien» — along the road","body":"«hen ad Veien» = 'along / down the road', the directional «hen ad» plus «Veien» (the road, modern «vejen»). «atter» = 'again' (literary, = «igen»). («Såa» and «åde» are the source edition's readings for «Saa», so, and «fjerde», fourth.)"}],"words":[{"surface":"Såa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies rede","gloss":"So"},{"surface":"rede","lemma":"ride","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"rode"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of rede","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"tause","lemma":"taus","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies de (predicative)","gloss":"silent"},{"surface":"hen","lemma":"hen","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on rede","gloss":"onward"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Veien","gloss":"along"},{"surface":"Veien","lemma":"Vej","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"oblique complement of ad","gloss":"the road"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Abrahams","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun, genitive","role":"possessor of Blik","gloss":"Abraham's"},{"surface":"Blik","lemma":"Blik","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of fæstet","gloss":"gaze"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of fæstet","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"fæstet","lemma":"fæste","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"fixed"},{"surface":"mod","lemma":"mod","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Jorden","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"Jorden","lemma":"Jord","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"oblique complement of fæstet","gloss":"the ground"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dag","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dag","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Dag","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"åde","lemma":"fjerde","morphology":"adjective","role":"modifies Dag","gloss":"fourth","note":"Source word appears OCR-corrupted; gloss follows the given translation ('fourth day') — the underlying Danish word is uncertain."},{"surface":"Dag","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of opløftede","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies opløftede","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"opløftede","lemma":"opløfte","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause introduced by da","gloss":"lifted"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of opløftede","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"Øiet","lemma":"Øie","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"direct object of opløftede","gloss":"his eye"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"saae","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with opløftede","gloss":"saw"},{"surface":"langt","lemma":"langt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies saae","gloss":"far"},{"surface":"borte","lemma":"borte","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies saae","gloss":"away"},{"surface":"Morija-Bjerget","lemma":"Morija-Bjerget","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"direct object of saae","gloss":"Mount Moriah"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Blik","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Blik","lemma":"Blik","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of vendte","gloss":"gaze"},{"surface":"vendte","lemma":"vende","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the clause introduced by men","gloss":"turned"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of vendte","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"atter","lemma":"atter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vendte","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"mod","lemma":"mod","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Jorden","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Jorden","lemma":"Jord","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"oblique complement of vendte","gloss":"the ground"}]},{"number":34,"label":"34","id":"stemning-s34","source":"Taus lagde han Brændet til Orden, bandt Isaak, taus drog han Kniven; da saae han Væderen, som Gud havde udseet.","translation":"Silently he laid the firewood in order, bound Isaac, silently he drew the knife; then he saw the ram that God had appointed.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Væderen","title":"«Væder» — ram","body":"«Væderen» = 'the ram' (Genesis 22:13), the substitute sacrifice God «havde udseet» (had selected/appointed; «udse», to single out). The fronted adverb «Taus … taus» ('silently … silently') keeps inverting the verb («lagde han», «drog han»), drumming the silence of the act."}],"words":[{"surface":"Taus","lemma":"taus","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lagde","gloss":"Silently"},{"surface":"lagde","lemma":"lægge","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"laid"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lagde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"Brændet","lemma":"Brænde","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"direct object of lagde","gloss":"the firewood"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Orden","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Orden","lemma":"Orden","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of lagde","gloss":"order"},{"surface":"bandt","lemma":"binde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with lagde","gloss":"bound"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of bandt","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"taus","lemma":"taus","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies drog","gloss":"silently"},{"surface":"drog","lemma":"drage","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with lagde","gloss":"drew"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of drog","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"Kniven","lemma":"Kniv","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"direct object of drog","gloss":"the knife"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies saae","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"saae","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with lagde","gloss":"saw"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of saae","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"Væderen","lemma":"Væder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"direct object of saae","gloss":"the ram"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of udseet","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of havde","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of udseet","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"udseet","lemma":"udse","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the relative clause, governed by havde","gloss":"appointed"}]},{"number":35,"label":"35","id":"stemning-s35","source":"Den offrede han og drog hjem. — — —","translation":"That one he sacrificed, and went home. — — —","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Den offrede han","title":"Object fronting: «Den offrede han»","body":"«Den offrede han» fronts the object «Den» ('that one', the ram) for emphasis, forcing verb-then-subject order («offrede han»). «drog hjem» = 'set off / went home'. The trailing «— — —» dashes are the source's mark of a heavy pause before the coda."}],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of offrede (topicalized)","gloss":"That one","note":"Den is the fronted direct object (OSV word order for emphasis); han is the subject — literally 'That one, he sacrificed.'"},{"surface":"offrede","lemma":"offre","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sacrificed"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of offrede","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"drog","lemma":"drage","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with offrede","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"hjem","lemma":"hjem","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on drog","gloss":"home"}]},{"number":36,"label":"36","id":"stemning-s36","source":"Fra den Dag af blev Abraham gammel, han kunde ikke glemme, at Gud havde fordret det af ham.","translation":"From that day on Abraham grew old; he could not forget that God had demanded it of him.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"fordret","title":"«fordre» — to demand, require","body":"«fordret» is the past participle of «fordre» (to demand, require). This second Abraham survives the trial but is broken by it — he obeys, yet «kunde ikke glemme» (could not forget), and joy never returns. «Fra den Dag af» = 'from that day on'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Fra","lemma":"fra","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dag","gloss":"From"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Dag","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Dag","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of blev","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"adverb","role":"correlative particle with Fra (fra...af = 'from...on')","gloss":"on","note":"fra ... af is a fixed correlative construction meaning 'from ... on/onward.'"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"blive","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to gammel","gloss":"grew"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"gammel","lemma":"gammel","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of blev","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of glemme","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of glemme","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies glemme","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"glemme","lemma":"glemme","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb governed by kunde","gloss":"forget"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fordret","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fordret","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of fordret","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"fordret","lemma":"fordre","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"clausal complement of glemme","gloss":"demanded"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of fordret","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"af","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ham","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of fordret","gloss":"him"}]},{"number":37,"label":"37","id":"stemning-s37","source":"Isaak trivedes som forhen; men Abrahams Øie var fordunklet, han saae ikke Glæden mere.","translation":"Isaac throve as before; but Abraham's eye was darkened, he saw joy no more.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"fordunklet","title":"«fordunkle» — to darken, dim","body":"«fordunklet» = 'darkened, dimmed' (from «dunkel», dark). «som forhen» = 'as before / as formerly'. Abraham's outwardly successful obedience leaves him joyless — the danger of a faith that cannot make the second movement back into life."}],"words":[{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of trivedes","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"trivedes","lemma":"trives","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"throve","note":"trives is a deponent verb — the -s form is not passive; trivedes simply means 'throve/thrived.'"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the comparative phrase","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"forhen","lemma":"forhen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies trivedes","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Abrahams","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun, genitive","role":"possessor of Øie","gloss":"Abraham's"},{"surface":"Øie","lemma":"Øie","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of fordunklet","gloss":"eye"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to fordunklet","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"fordunklet","lemma":"fordunkle","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"predicate complement of var","gloss":"darkened"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of saae","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"saae","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with var","gloss":"saw"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies saae","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"Glæden","lemma":"Glæde","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"direct object of saae","gloss":"joy"},{"surface":"mere","lemma":"mere","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies saae","gloss":"more"}]},{"number":38,"label":"38","id":"stemning-s38","source":"sk & ke Naar Barnet er blevet stort og skal vænnes fra, da skjuler Moderen jomfrueligt sin Barm, saa har Barnet ingen Moder mere.","translation":"* * * When the child has grown big and is to be weaned, the mother modestly conceals her bosom, and then the child has no mother any more.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"jomfrueligt","title":"«jomfruelig» — maidenly, modest","body":"«jomfrueligt» = 'maidenly, virginally, modestly' (from «Jomfru», maiden/virgin). The second weaning tableau: by hiding the breast «jomfrueligt» the mother becomes unattainable, so for the child it is as if she were lost — the figure for the joyless Abraham above. («sk & ke» heads the section as another garbled printer's ornament.)"}],"words":[{"surface":"sk","lemma":"sk","morphology":"symbol","role":"section-break marker","gloss":"printer's mark","note":"sk / ke appear to be OCR-garbled remains of a section-break ornament (the translation shows '* * *'), not Danish words."},{"surface":"ke","lemma":"ke","morphology":"symbol","role":"part of section-break marker","gloss":"printer's mark"},{"surface":"Naar","lemma":"naar","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of stort","gloss":"When"},{"surface":"Barnet","lemma":"barn","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"subject of stort","gloss":"the child"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of stort","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"blevet","lemma":"blive","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, participle, singular","role":"copula linking to stort","gloss":"grown"},{"surface":"stort","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"predicate complement of blevet","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of vænnes","gloss":"is to"},{"surface":"vænnes","lemma":"vænnes","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"coordinated with blevet","gloss":"be weaned"},{"surface":"fra","lemma":"fra","morphology":"adverbial particle","role":"particle of vænnes","gloss":"off"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the consequent clause of skjuler","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"skjuler","lemma":"skjule","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"conceals"},{"surface":"Moderen","lemma":"Moder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"subject of skjuler","gloss":"the mother"},{"surface":"jomfrueligt","lemma":"jomfruelig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies skjuler","gloss":"modestly"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Barm","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"Barm","lemma":"barm","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of skjuler","gloss":"bosom"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of har","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the second clause","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"Barnet","lemma":"barn","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"subject of har","gloss":"the child"},{"surface":"ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Moder","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"Moder","lemma":"Moder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"mere","lemma":"mere","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies har","gloss":"anymore"}]},{"number":39,"label":"39","id":"stemning-s39","source":"Held det Barn, der ikke anderledes tabte Moderen!","translation":"Blessed is the child that did not lose its mother in any other way!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Held","lemma":"held","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Blessed"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Barn","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Barn","lemma":"barn","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"complement of Held","gloss":"child"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of tabte","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tabte","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"anderledes","lemma":"anderledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tabte","gloss":"otherwise"},{"surface":"tabte","lemma":"tabe","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the relative clause introduced by der","gloss":"lost"},{"surface":"Moderen","lemma":"Moder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"direct object of tabte","gloss":"its mother"}]},{"number":40,"label":"40","id":"stemning-s40","source":"Det var en aarle Morgen, Abraham stod tidlig op; han kyssede Sara, den unge Moder, og Sara kyssede Isaak, hendes Lyst, hendes Glæde i alle Tider.","translation":"It was early in the morning; Abraham rose early; he kissed Sarah, the young mother, and Sarah kissed Isaac, her delight, her joy for all time.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"It"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb (copula), past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Morgen","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Morgen","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"aarle","lemma":"aarle","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Morgen","gloss":"early","note":"Archaic Danish word for 'early' (cf. modern årle)."},{"surface":"Morgen","lemma":"Morgen","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase, complement of var","gloss":"morning"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of stod","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"stod","lemma":"stå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with var (new clause)","gloss":"rose"},{"surface":"tidlig","lemma":"tidlig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stod","gloss":"early"},{"surface":"op","lemma":"op","morphology":"adverb","role":"particle completing stod","gloss":"up","note":"stå op = phrasal verb, 'to get up, rise'."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kyssede","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kyssede","lemma":"kysse","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with stod","gloss":"kissed"},{"surface":"Sara","lemma":"Sara","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of kyssede","gloss":"Sarah"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Moder","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"unge","lemma":"ung","morphology":"adjective, definite, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Moder","gloss":"young"},{"surface":"Moder","lemma":"Moder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"in apposition to Sara","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Sara","lemma":"Sara","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of kyssede","gloss":"Sarah"},{"surface":"kyssede","lemma":"kysse","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with kyssede","gloss":"kissed"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of kyssede","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"hendes","lemma":"hendes","morphology":"determiner, possessive","role":"determiner of Lyst","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"Lyst","lemma":"Lyst","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"in apposition to Isaak","gloss":"delight"},{"surface":"hendes","lemma":"hendes","morphology":"determiner, possessive","role":"determiner of Glæde","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"Glæde","lemma":"glæde","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Lyst","gloss":"joy"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Tider","gloss":"for","note":"Idiom: i alle Tider = 'for all time, always'."},{"surface":"alle","lemma":"al","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies Tider","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"Tider","lemma":"Tid","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"modifies Glæde","gloss":"time"}]},{"number":41,"label":"41","id":"stemning-s41","source":"Og Abraham reed tankefuld hen ad Veien, han tænkte paa Hagar og Sønnen, som han jog ud i Ørkenen.","translation":"And Abraham rode thoughtfully along the road; he thought of Hagar and the son whom he had driven out into the wilderness.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"jog","title":"«jog» — drove (out)","body":"«jog» is the past tense of «jage» (to chase, drive): «jog ud i Ørkenen» = 'drove out into the wilderness', recalling the casting-out of Hagar and Ishmael (Genesis 21). «tankefuld» = 'thoughtful, pensive'; «Ørkenen» = 'the desert/wilderness'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"And"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of reed","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"reed","lemma":"ride","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"rode"},{"surface":"tankefuld","lemma":"tankefuld","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies reed","gloss":"thoughtfully"},{"surface":"hen","lemma":"hen","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on reed","gloss":"along"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Veien","gloss":"along"},{"surface":"Veien","lemma":"Vei","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"object of preposition ad","gloss":"road"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tænkte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"tænkte","lemma":"tænke","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with reed","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Hagar","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Hagar","lemma":"Hagar","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of tænkte","gloss":"Hagar"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Sønnen","lemma":"Søn","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"coordinated with Hagar","gloss":"the son"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"direct object of jog (relative clause on Sønnen)","gloss":"whom"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of jog","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"jog","lemma":"jage","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Sønnen","gloss":"drove","note":"jage ud = phrasal verb, 'to drive out'."},{"surface":"ud","lemma":"ud","morphology":"adverb","role":"particle completing jog","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Ørkenen","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"Ørkenen","lemma":"Ørken","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"object of preposition i","gloss":"the wilderness"}]},{"number":42,"label":"42","id":"stemning-s42","source":"Han besteg Morija-Bjerget, han drog Kniven.","translation":"He climbed Mount Moriah, he drew the knife.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of besteg","gloss":"He"},{"surface":"besteg","lemma":"bestige","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"climbed"},{"surface":"Morija-Bjerget","lemma":"Morija-Bjerg","morphology":"proper noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"direct object of besteg","gloss":"Mount Moriah"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of drog","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"drog","lemma":"drage","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with besteg","gloss":"drew"},{"surface":"Kniven","lemma":"Kniv","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"direct object of drog","gloss":"the knife"}]},{"number":43,"label":"43","id":"stemning-s43","source":"Det var en stille Aften, da reed Abraham ene ud, og han reed til Morija-Bjerget; han kastede sig paa sit Aasyn, han bad Gud at tilgive ham hans Synd, at han havde villet offre Isaak, at Faderen havde glemt sin Pligt mod Sønnen.","translation":"It was a quiet evening when Abraham rode out alone, and he rode to Mount Moriah; he cast himself upon his face, he begged God to forgive him his sin: that he had been willing to sacrifice Isaac, that the father had forgotten his duty to the son.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"kastede sig paa sit Aasyn","title":"«paa sit Aasyn» — upon his face","body":"«kastede sig paa sit Aasyn» = 'threw himself upon his face' (prostrated himself), «Aasyn» here literal (the face). This third Abraham takes the trial as guilt: he begs forgiveness for having been willing to obey — faith curdled into remorse. «villet» = past participle of «ville» (to be willing/to want)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"It"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb (copula), past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Aften","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Aften","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stille","lemma":"stille","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Aften","gloss":"quiet"},{"surface":"Aften","lemma":"Aften","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase, complement of var","gloss":"evening"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of reed","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"reed","lemma":"ride","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of da-clause","gloss":"rode"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of reed","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"ene","lemma":"ene","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies reed","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"ud","lemma":"ud","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies reed","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of reed","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"reed","lemma":"ride","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with reed","gloss":"rode"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Morija-Bjerget","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Morija-Bjerget","lemma":"Morija-Bjerg","morphology":"proper noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"oblique complement of reed","gloss":"Mount Moriah"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kastede","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kastede","lemma":"kaste","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of new clause (coordinate with reed)","gloss":"cast"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of kastede","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Aasyn","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Aasyn","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Aasyn","lemma":"Aasyn","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of kastede","gloss":"face","note":"Archaic/poetic word for 'face, countenance' (cf. modern ansigt)."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bad","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"bad","lemma":"bede","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with kastede","gloss":"begged"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of bad","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"infinitive marker","role":"introduces infinitive tilgive","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"tilgive","lemma":"tilgive","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of bad","gloss":"forgive"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of tilgive","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner, possessive","role":"determiner of Synd","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Synd","lemma":"synd","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tilgive","gloss":"sin"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces clause explaining Synd","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of villet","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of villet","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"villet","lemma":"ville","morphology":"verb, past, participle","role":"main verb of clause explaining Synd","gloss":"been willing"},{"surface":"offre","lemma":"ofre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of villet","gloss":"to sacrifice"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of offre","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces clause explaining Synd, coordinated with previous at-clause","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Faderen","lemma":"Fader","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"subject of glemt","gloss":"the father"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of glemt","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"glemt","lemma":"glemme","morphology":"verb, past, participle","role":"main verb of clause explaining Synd","gloss":"forgotten"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Pligt","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Pligt","lemma":"Pligt","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of glemt","gloss":"duty"},{"surface":"mod","lemma":"mod","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Sønnen","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Sønnen","lemma":"Søn","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"object of preposition mod","gloss":"the son"}]},{"number":44,"label":"44","id":"stemning-s44","source":"Han reed oftere sin eensomme Vei, men han havde ikke Ro.","translation":"He rode his lonely way more often, but he had no peace.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Ro","title":"«Ro» — peace, rest","body":"«Ro» = peace, calm, rest of mind: «han havde ikke Ro» = 'he had no peace'. «eensomme» (lonely; modern «ensomme») keeps the doubled «ee»; «oftere» = 'more often' (comparative of «ofte»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of reed","gloss":"He"},{"surface":"reed","lemma":"ride","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"rode"},{"surface":"oftere","lemma":"ofte","morphology":"adverb, comparative","role":"modifies reed","gloss":"more often"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Vei","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"eensomme","lemma":"eensom","morphology":"adjective, definite, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Vei","gloss":"lonely"},{"surface":"Vei","lemma":"Vei","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of reed","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of havde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with reed","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies havde","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"Ro","lemma":"Ro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of havde","gloss":"peace"}]},{"number":45,"label":"45","id":"stemning-s45","source":"Han kunde ikke begribe, at det var en Synd, at han havde villet offre Gud det Bedste, han eiede, det, hvorfor han gjerne selv havde ladet sit Liv mange Gange; og hvis det var en Synd, hvis han ikke havde elsket Isaak saaledes, da kunde han ikke forstaae, at den kunde tilgives; thi hvilken Synd var forfærdeligere?","translation":"He could not comprehend that it was a sin to have been willing to offer God the best he possessed, that for which he would gladly have given his own life many times over; and if it was a sin, if he had not loved Isaac so, then he could not understand how it could be forgiven; for what sin was more terrible?","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Synd","title":"«Synd» — sin","body":"«Synd» = sin. The third Abraham is trapped in a paradox of guilt: if willingness to sacrifice was a sin it is unforgivable, yet only deepest love made it possible. «gjerne» (gladly; modern «gerne») and «saaledes» (thus, so; modern «således») show the period spelling; «begribe» = 'to grasp, comprehend'."},{"kind":"grammar","term":"eiede","title":"«eiede», «hvorfor» — possessed; for which","body":"«eiede» is the past of «eie» (to own; modern «eje»): 'possessed'. The relative «det, hvorfor han … havde ladet sit Liv» uses «hvorfor» in its older sense 'for which / for the sake of which', not the modern 'why'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of begribe","gloss":"He"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of begribe","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies begribe","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"begribe","lemma":"begribe","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"comprehend"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of var","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb (copula), past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Synd","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Synd","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Synd","lemma":"synd","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"clausal complement of begribe","gloss":"sin"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces clause explaining Synd","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of villet","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of villet","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"villet","lemma":"ville","morphology":"verb, past, participle","role":"main verb of clause explaining Synd","gloss":"been willing"},{"surface":"offre","lemma":"ofre","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of villet","gloss":"to offer"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"proper noun","role":"indirect object of offre","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Bedste","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"Bedste","lemma":"god","morphology":"adjective, superlative, definite (used as noun)","role":"direct object of offre","gloss":"best"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of eiede","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"eiede","lemma":"eie","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Bedste","gloss":"possessed"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"in apposition to Bedste (resumptive)","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hvorfor","lemma":"hvorfor","morphology":"relative adverb","role":"introduces the clause of ladet","gloss":"for which"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ladet","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"gjerne","lemma":"gjerne","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ladet","gloss":"gladly"},{"surface":"selv","lemma":"selv","morphology":"pronoun, emphatic","role":"emphasizes han","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ladet","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"ladet","lemma":"lade","morphology":"verb, past, participle","role":"main verb of clause introduced by hvorfor","gloss":"given","note":"Idiom: lade sit Liv, 'to give/lay down one's life'."},{"surface":"sit","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular, reflexive","role":"determiner of Liv","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Liv","lemma":"Liv","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of ladet","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"mange","lemma":"mange","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies Gange","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"Gange","lemma":"Gang","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"modifies ladet (adverbial: 'many times')","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hvis","lemma":"hvis","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of var","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb (copula), past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Synd","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Synd","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Synd","lemma":"synd","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"predicate complement of var","gloss":"sin"},{"surface":"hvis","lemma":"hvis","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of elsket","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of elsket","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies elsket","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of elsket","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"elsket","lemma":"elske","morphology":"verb, past, participle","role":"main verb of hvis-clause","gloss":"loved"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"direct object of elsket","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies elsket","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the main clause (resumptive 'then')","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of forstaae","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of forstaae","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies forstaae","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"forstaae","lemma":"forstaae","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of clause (with kunde)","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tilgives","gloss":"that","note":"Danish at literally means 'that'; the English translation renders this clause freely as 'how'."},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tilgives","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunne","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tilgives","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"tilgives","lemma":"tilgive","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"main verb of at-clause","gloss":"be forgiven"},{"surface":"thi","lemma":"thi","morphology":"coordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the final clause","gloss":"for","note":"Archaic conjunction meaning 'for, because' (causal). The closer modern equivalent is the coordinating conjunction 'for' (same clause-linking, non-inverting behavior); 'fordi' is a subordinating conjunction with different syntax, not a direct match."},{"surface":"hvilken","lemma":"hvilken","morphology":"interrogative determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Synd","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"Synd","lemma":"synd","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"sin"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb (copula), past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to forfærdeligere","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"forfærdeligere","lemma":"forfærdelig","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"predicate complement of var","gloss":"more terrible"}]},{"number":46,"label":"46","id":"stemning-s46","source":"Naar Barnet skal vænnes fra, da er ei heller Moderen uden Sorg, at hun og Barnet mere og mere skilles ad; at Barnet, der først laae under hendes Hjerte, senere dog hvilede ved hendes Bryst, ikke skal være saa nær mere.","translation":"When the child is to be weaned, the mother too is not without sorrow, that she and the child are parted more and more; that the child, who first lay beneath her heart, and later rested at her breast, shall no longer be so near.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ei heller","title":"«ei heller» — nor, neither","body":"«ei heller» = 'nor / neither / not … either' («ei» is the archaic negation, modern «ikke»): «da er ei heller Moderen uden Sorg» = 'then the mother too is not without sorrow'. «laae» = period spelling of «lå» (past of «ligge», to lie), with doubled vowel."}],"words":[{"surface":"Naar","lemma":"naar","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vænnes","gloss":"When"},{"surface":"Barnet","lemma":"Barn","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"subject of vænnes","gloss":"the child"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of vænnes","gloss":"is to"},{"surface":"vænnes","lemma":"vænne","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"main verb of naar-clause","gloss":"be weaned"},{"surface":"fra","lemma":"fra","morphology":"adverb","role":"particle completing vænnes","gloss":"off","note":"Phrasal verb vænne fra, 'to wean (a child) off'."},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the main clause (resumptive 'then')","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb (copula), present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking Moderen to uden Sorg","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ei","lemma":"ei","morphology":"adverb","role":"negates er","gloss":"not","note":"Archaic negator (= ikke); ei heller = 'nor, not...either', here rendered as 'too'."},{"surface":"heller","lemma":"heller","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies er, together with ei","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"Moderen","lemma":"Moder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"subject of er","gloss":"the mother"},{"surface":"uden","lemma":"uden","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Sorg","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"Sorg","lemma":"Sorg","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of preposition uden","gloss":"sorrow"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces clause explaining Sorg","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hun","lemma":"hun","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of skilles","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Barnet","lemma":"Barn","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"coordinated with hun","gloss":"the child"},{"surface":"mere","lemma":"mere","morphology":"adverb, comparative","role":"modifies skilles","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"mere","lemma":"mere","morphology":"adverb, comparative","role":"coordinated with mere","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"skilles","lemma":"skille","morphology":"verb, passive, present, indicative","role":"main verb of at-clause","gloss":"are parted"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"adverb","role":"particle completing skilles","gloss":"apart","note":"Phrasal verb skilles ad, 'to part ways, separate'."},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces clause explaining Sorg, coordinated with previous at-clause","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Barnet","lemma":"Barn","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"subject of skal være (main verb at end of clause)","gloss":"the child"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of laae","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"først","lemma":"først","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies laae","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"laae","lemma":"ligge","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Barnet","gloss":"lay"},{"surface":"under","lemma":"under","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Hjerte","gloss":"beneath"},{"surface":"hendes","lemma":"hendes","morphology":"determiner, possessive","role":"determiner of Hjerte","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"Hjerte","lemma":"Hjerte","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of preposition under","gloss":"heart"},{"surface":"senere","lemma":"senere","morphology":"adverb, comparative","role":"modifies hvilede","gloss":"later"},{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hvilede","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"hvilede","lemma":"hvile","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with laae","gloss":"rested"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Bryst","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"hendes","lemma":"hendes","morphology":"determiner, possessive","role":"determiner of Bryst","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"Bryst","lemma":"Bryst","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of preposition ved","gloss":"breast"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies være (combines with mere: 'no longer')","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of være","gloss":"shall"},{"surface":"være","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb (copula), active, infinitive","role":"main verb of clause, copula linking Barnet to nær","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies nær","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"nær","lemma":"nær","morphology":"adjective","role":"predicate complement of være","gloss":"near"},{"surface":"mere","lemma":"mere","morphology":"adverb","role":"combines with ikke to modify være ('no longer')","gloss":"any longer"}]},{"number":47,"label":"47","id":"stemning-s47","source":"Saa sørge de sammen den korte Sorg.","translation":"So they grieve together the short grief.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"sørge","title":"«sørge» — grieve (plural)","body":"«Saa sørge de sammen» uses the old plural verb form «sørge» (with subject «de», they); modern Danish levels this to «sørger». The construction «sørge … den korte Sorg» takes a cognate object, 'to grieve the short grief'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sørge","gloss":"So"},{"surface":"sørge","lemma":"sørge","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"grieve"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of sørge","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"sammen","lemma":"sammen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sørge","gloss":"together"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Sorg","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"korte","lemma":"kort","morphology":"adjective, definite, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Sorg","gloss":"short"},{"surface":"Sorg","lemma":"Sorg","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of sørge","gloss":"grief"}]},{"number":48,"label":"48","id":"stemning-s48","source":"Held den, der beholdt Barnet saa nær, og ikke behøvede at sørge mere!","translation":"Blessed is the one who kept the child so near, and did not need to grieve any more!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Held","lemma":"Held","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Blessed","note":"Idiom: Held den, der... = 'Blessed/fortunate is the one who...'."},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"complement of Held","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"relative pronoun","role":"subject of beholdt","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"beholdt","lemma":"beholde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"kept"},{"surface":"Barnet","lemma":"Barn","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"direct object of beholdt","gloss":"the child"},{"surface":"saa","lemma":"saa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies nær","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"nær","lemma":"nær","morphology":"adjective","role":"depends on beholdt (predicative: kept ... near)","gloss":"near"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies behøvede","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"behøvede","lemma":"behøve","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with beholdt","gloss":"needed"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"infinitive marker","role":"introduces infinitive sørge","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"sørge","lemma":"sørge","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of behøvede","gloss":"grieve"},{"surface":"mere","lemma":"mere","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sørge","gloss":"any more"}]},{"number":49,"label":"49","id":"stemning-s49","source":"Det var en aarle Morgen, Alt var beredt til Reisen i Abrahams Huus.","translation":"It was early in the morning; everything was made ready for the journey in Abraham's house.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"beredt","title":"«beredt» — made ready, prepared","body":"«beredt» = 'made ready, prepared' (past participle of «berede»). «Reisen» = 'the journey' (modern «Rejsen»). The fourth and final retelling opens with the now-familiar refrain «Det var en aarle Morgen»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"It"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb (copula), past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Morgen","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Morgen","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"aarle","lemma":"aarle","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Morgen","gloss":"early","note":"Archaic Danish word for 'early' (cf. modern årle)."},{"surface":"Morgen","lemma":"Morgen","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase, complement of var","gloss":"morning"},{"surface":"Alt","lemma":"al","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of beredt","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of beredt","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"beredt","lemma":"berede","morphology":"verb, past, participle","role":"main verb of second clause (coordinate with var)","gloss":"made ready"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Reisen","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"Reisen","lemma":"Reise","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"oblique complement of beredt","gloss":"the journey"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Huus","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Abrahams","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun, genitive","role":"determiner of Huus","gloss":"Abraham's"},{"surface":"Huus","lemma":"Huus","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"object of preposition i","gloss":"house"}]},{"number":50,"label":"50","id":"stemning-s50","source":"Han tog Afsked med Sara, og Elieser den troe Tjener fulgte ham ud ad Veien, indtil han atter vendte tilbage.","translation":"He took leave of Sarah, and Eliezer, the faithful servant, accompanied him out along the road, until he turned back again.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"troe","title":"«troe» — faithful","body":"«troe» is the period spelling of the adjective «tro» (faithful, loyal; here modern «trofaste/tro»), with a silent final «e»; «Elieser den troe Tjener» = 'Eliezer the faithful servant'. Do not confuse it with the noun/verb «Tro» (faith) elsewhere. «tog Afsked med» = 'took leave of'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tog","gloss":"He"},{"surface":"tog","lemma":"tage","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"took"},{"surface":"Afsked","lemma":"Afsked","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tog","gloss":"leave"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Sara","gloss":"of","note":"Idiom: tage Afsked med, 'to take leave of'."},{"surface":"Sara","lemma":"Sara","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of tog","gloss":"Sarah"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Elieser","lemma":"Elieser","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of fulgte","gloss":"Eliezer"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Tjener","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"troe","lemma":"tro","morphology":"adjective, definite, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Tjener","gloss":"faithful"},{"surface":"Tjener","lemma":"Tjener","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"in apposition to Elieser","gloss":"servant"},{"surface":"fulgte","lemma":"følge","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with tog","gloss":"accompanied"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of fulgte","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"ud","lemma":"ud","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fulgte","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"ad","lemma":"ad","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Veien","gloss":"along"},{"surface":"Veien","lemma":"Vei","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular, definite","role":"object of preposition ad","gloss":"the road"},{"surface":"indtil","lemma":"indtil","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vendte","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vendte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"atter","lemma":"atter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vendte","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"vendte","lemma":"vende","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of indtil-clause","gloss":"turned"},{"surface":"tilbage","lemma":"tilbage","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vendte","gloss":"back"}]},{"number":51,"label":"51","id":"stemning-s51","source":"De rede eendrægtigen sammen, Abraham og Isaak, indtil de kom til Morija-Bjerget.","translation":"They rode harmoniously together, Abraham and Isaac, until they came to Mount Moriah.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"eendrægtigen","title":"«eendrægtigen» — in concord, harmoniously","body":"«eendrægtigen» = 'in concord, of one accord' (adverb of «endrægtig»; from «een» one + «drægtig», bearing/minded). The archaic adverbial «-en» ending and doubled «ee» are 19th-century literary marks. This fourth Abraham rides in untroubled accord — until the moment of the knife."}],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of rede","gloss":"They"},{"surface":"rede","lemma":"ride","morphology":"verb, past, plural, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"rode"},{"surface":"eendrægtigen","lemma":"eendrægtig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies rede","gloss":"harmoniously","note":"Archaic adverb, 'harmoniously, in unity' (cf. modern enigt)."},{"surface":"sammen","lemma":"sammen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies rede","gloss":"together"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"in apposition to De","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"coordinated with Abraham","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"indtil","lemma":"indtil","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kom","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komme","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of indtil-clause","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Morija-Bjerget","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Morija-Bjerget","lemma":"Morija-Bjerg","morphology":"proper noun, neuter, singular, definite","role":"oblique complement of kom","gloss":"Mount Moriah"}]},{"number":52,"label":"52","id":"stemning-s52","source":"Men Abraham beredte Alt til Offret, rolig og mild, men idet han vendte sig bort og drog Kniven, da saae Isaak, at Abrahams Venstre knyttede sig i Fortvivlelse, at der gik en Skjælven igjennem hans Legeme — men Abraham drog Kniven.","translation":"But Abraham made everything ready for the sacrifice, calm and gentle; but as he turned away and drew the knife, then Isaac saw that Abraham's left hand clenched in despair, that a trembling passed through his body — but Abraham drew the knife.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Fortvivlelse","title":"«Fortvivlelse» — despair","body":"«Fortvivlelse» = despair, a central Kierkegaardian word (later «Sygdommen til Døden», The Sickness unto Death). Here it is the involuntary clench of the hand and the «Skjælven» (trembling) that betray the father even as he obeys — the fourth Abraham's faith costs Isaac his own. «idet» = 'as / at the moment that'."},{"kind":"grammar","term":"Skjælven / igjennem","title":"«Skjælven», «igjennem» — period spelling","body":"«Skjælven» (a trembling, modern «Skælven») and «igjennem» (through, modern «igennem») both keep the older «skj-» / «gj-». «Skjælven» is the deverbal noun of «skjælve» (to tremble) — once more the 'trembling' of the title."}],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of beredte","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"beredte","lemma":"berede","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"made ready"},{"surface":"Alt","lemma":"alt","morphology":"adjective, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of beredte","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Offret","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"Offret","lemma":"offer","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of beredte","gloss":"the sacrifice"},{"surface":"rolig","lemma":"rolig","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Abraham","gloss":"calm"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"mild","lemma":"mild","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with rolig","gloss":"gentle"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"idet","lemma":"idet","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vendte","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vendte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"vendte","lemma":"vende","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"verb of the clause introduced by idet","gloss":"turned"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of vendte","gloss":"himself","note":"Reflexive: 'vende sig' = 'to turn'."},{"surface":"bort","lemma":"bort","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on vendte","gloss":"away"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"drog","lemma":"drage","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with vendte","gloss":"drew"},{"surface":"Kniven","lemma":"kniv","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of drog","gloss":"the knife"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of saae","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"saae","lemma":"see","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"verb of the da-clause","gloss":"saw"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of saae","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of knyttede","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Abrahams","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun, genitive","role":"modifies Venstre","gloss":"Abraham's"},{"surface":"Venstre","lemma":"venstre","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of knyttede","gloss":"left hand"},{"surface":"knyttede","lemma":"knytte","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of saae","gloss":"clenched"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, reflexive","role":"direct object of knyttede","gloss":"itself","note":"Reflexive: 'knytte sig' = 'to clench'."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Fortvivlelse","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Fortvivlelse","lemma":"fortvivlelse","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of knyttede","gloss":"despair"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gik","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive with gik","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"gik","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of saae (subject: en Skjælven)","gloss":"passed"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Skjælven","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Skjælven","lemma":"skjælven","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gik","gloss":"trembling"},{"surface":"igjennem","lemma":"igjennem","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Legeme","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"hans","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of Legeme","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Legeme","lemma":"legeme","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of gik","gloss":"body"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of drog","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"drog","lemma":"drage","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the final clause","gloss":"drew"},{"surface":"Kniven","lemma":"kniv","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of drog","gloss":"the knife"}]},{"number":53,"label":"53","id":"stemning-s53","source":"Da vendte de atter hjem, og Sara ilede dem imøde, men Isaak havde tabt Troen.","translation":"Then they turned home again, and Sarah hurried to meet them, but Isaac had lost his faith.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"tabt Troen","title":"«tabt Troen» — lost the faith","body":"«Isaak havde tabt Troen» = 'Isaac had lost his faith' — the wound of the fourth retelling: Abraham passes the test outwardly, but the son who glimpsed his father's despair can no longer believe. «ilede … imøde» = 'hurried to meet' («ile», to hasten; «imøde», toward/to meet)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vendte","gloss":"Then"},{"surface":"vendte","lemma":"vende","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"turned"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of vendte","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"atter","lemma":"atter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vendte","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"hjem","lemma":"hjem","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on vendte","gloss":"home"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Sara","lemma":"Sara","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of ilede","gloss":"Sarah"},{"surface":"ilede","lemma":"ile","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with vendte","gloss":"hurried"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of ilede","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"imøde","lemma":"imøde","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on ilede","gloss":"to meet","note":"'ile ... imøde' = 'to hurry to meet' (idiom)."},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of tabt","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tabt","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"tabt","lemma":"tabe","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"coordinated with ilede","gloss":"lost"},{"surface":"Troen","lemma":"tro","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tabt","gloss":"his faith"}]},{"number":54,"label":"54","id":"stemning-s54","source":"Der er i Verden aldrig sagt et Ord derom, og Isaak talte aldrig til noget Menneske, om hvad han havde seet, og Abraham anede ikke, at Nogen havde seet det.","translation":"Never in the world has a word been said of it, and Isaac never spoke to any human being about what he had seen, and Abraham never suspected that anyone had seen it.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"anede","title":"«ane» — to suspect, sense","body":"«anede ikke» = 'had no inkling / never suspected' (from «ane», to sense, surmise). The whole episode is sealed in silence — fitting for a book signed Johannes de silentio. «derom» = 'of/about it'; «seet» = period spelling of «set» (seen)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Der","lemma":"der","morphology":"adverb","role":"expletive with er","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of sagt","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Verden","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Verden","lemma":"verden","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sagt","gloss":"the world"},{"surface":"aldrig","lemma":"aldrig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sagt","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"sagt","lemma":"sige","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"et","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Ord","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Ord","lemma":"ord","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of sagt","gloss":"a word"},{"surface":"derom","lemma":"derom","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on sagt","gloss":"about it"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Isaak","lemma":"Isaak","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of talte","gloss":"Isaac"},{"surface":"talte","lemma":"tale","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with sagt","gloss":"spoke"},{"surface":"aldrig","lemma":"aldrig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies talte","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Menneske","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"noget","lemma":"nogen","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Menneske","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"Menneske","lemma":"menneske","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of talte","gloss":"human being"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of seet","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"hvad","lemma":"hvad","morphology":"pronoun, singular","role":"introduces the clause of seet","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of seet","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of seet","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"seet","lemma":"see","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"verb of the om-clause (talte om)","gloss":"seen"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"subject of anede","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"anede","lemma":"ane","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with talte","gloss":"suspected"},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies anede","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of seet","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Nogen","lemma":"nogen","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of seet","gloss":"anyone"},{"surface":"havde","lemma":"have","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of seet","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"seet","lemma":"see","morphology":"verb, past, participle, singular","role":"clausal complement of anede","gloss":"seen"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"det","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of seet","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":55,"label":"55","id":"stemning-s55","source":"sk k Naar Barnet skal vænnes fra, da har Moderen den stærkere Føde ved Haanden, at Barnel ikke skal omkomme.","translation":"* * * When the child is to be weaned, the mother has the stronger food at hand, so that the child shall not perish.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"den stærkere Føde","title":"«Føde» — food, nourishment","body":"«Føde» = food, nourishment; «den stærkere Føde» = 'the stronger food' (solid food after the breast), so that «Barnet … ikke skal omkomme» (the child shall not perish). The last weaning tableau is consoling — the loss is met with sustenance. («sk k» at the head is the source edition's garbled printer's ornament marking the section break; «Barnel» is its misprint for «Barnet».)"}],"words":[{"surface":"sk","lemma":"sk","morphology":"non-lexical (typographic mark)","role":"typographic section-break mark","gloss":"*","note":"Printed 'sk k' is an evident OCR/typesetting artifact for a section-break ornament, shown as '* * *' in the translation — not real Danish words."},{"surface":"k","lemma":"k","morphology":"non-lexical (typographic mark)","role":"continues the typographic mark from sk","gloss":"*"},{"surface":"Naar","lemma":"naar","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vænnes","gloss":"When"},{"surface":"Barnet","lemma":"barn","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of vænnes","gloss":"the child"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of vænnes","gloss":"is to"},{"surface":"vænnes","lemma":"vænne","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"verb of the naar-clause","gloss":"be weaned"},{"surface":"fra","lemma":"fra","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on vænnes","gloss":"off","note":"'vænne fra' = 'to wean (off/from)'."},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies har","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"Moderen","lemma":"moder","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of har","gloss":"the mother"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Føde","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"stærkere","lemma":"stærk","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"modifies Føde","gloss":"stronger"},{"surface":"Føde","lemma":"føde","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"food"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Haanden","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"Haanden","lemma":"haand","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of har","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of omkomme","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"Barnel","lemma":"barn","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of omkomme","gloss":"the child","note":"Printed 'Barnel' — evident misprint for 'Barnet' ('the child')."},{"surface":"ikke","lemma":"ikke","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies omkomme","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"skal","lemma":"skulle","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of omkomme","gloss":"shall"},{"surface":"omkomme","lemma":"omkomme","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"verb of the purpose clause introduced by at","gloss":"perish"}]},{"number":56,"label":"56","id":"stemning-s56","source":"Held den, der har den stærkere Føde ved Haanden.","translation":"Blessed is the one who has the stronger food at hand.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Held","lemma":"held","morphology":"noun, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Blessed"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of Held","gloss":"the one"},{"surface":"der","lemma":"der","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of har","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"have","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Føde","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"stærkere","lemma":"stærk","morphology":"adjective, comparative","role":"modifies Føde","gloss":"stronger"},{"surface":"Føde","lemma":"føde","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"food"},{"surface":"ved","lemma":"ved","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Haanden","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"Haanden","lemma":"haand","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of har","gloss":"hand"}]},{"number":57,"label":"57","id":"stemning-s57","source":"Saaledes og paa mange lignende Maader tænkte hiin Mand, om hvilken vi tale, over denne Begivenhed.","translation":"In this way, and in many similar ways, that man of whom we speak pondered this event.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"om hvilken vi tale","title":"«om hvilken vi tale» — of whom we speak","body":"«om hvilken vi tale» = 'of whom we speak', the formal relative «hvilken» governed by the preposition «om» (about). «tale» is the old plural verb (subject «vi», we; modern «taler»). «tænkte … over» = 'pondered, reflected on'; «Maader» = 'ways, manners'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Saaledes","lemma":"saaledes","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tænkte","gloss":"In this way"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"paa","lemma":"paa","morphology":"preposition","role":"coordinated with Saaledes","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"mange","lemma":"mange","morphology":"adjective, plural","role":"modifies Maader","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"lignende","lemma":"ligne","morphology":"verb, present, participle","role":"modifies Maader","gloss":"similar"},{"surface":"Maader","lemma":"maade","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with Saaledes","gloss":"ways"},{"surface":"tænkte","lemma":"tænke","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"pondered"},{"surface":"hiin","lemma":"hiin","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Mand","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Mand","lemma":"mand","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tænkte","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of tale","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"hvilken","lemma":"hvilken","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"introduces the clause of tale","gloss":"whom"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of tale","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"tale","lemma":"tale","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Mand","gloss":"speak"},{"surface":"over","lemma":"over","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Begivenhed","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"denne","lemma":"denne","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Begivenhed","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"Begivenhed","lemma":"begivenhed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of tænkte","gloss":"event"}]},{"number":58,"label":"58","id":"stemning-s58","source":"Hver Gang han da efter en Vandring til Morija-Bjerget vendte hjem, da sank han sammen at Træthed, han foldede sine Hænder og sagde: ,Ingen var dog stor som Abraham, hvo er istand til at forstaae ham?”","translation":"Each time, then, when after a wandering to Mount Moriah he returned home, he sank down in weariness, folded his hands, and said: \"No one, after all, was as great as Abraham; who is able to understand him?\"","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"hvo","title":"«hvo» — who (archaic)","body":"«hvo» is the archaic nominative interrogative/relative 'who' (modern «hvem»): «hvo er istand til at forstaae ham?» = 'who is able to understand him?'. «istand til» = 'able to, capable of'; «at Træthed» here reads for «af Træthed» ('from weariness') in the source edition."},{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"stor som Abraham","title":"«stor» — great","body":"«Ingen var dog stor som Abraham» = 'no one was as great as Abraham' — the closing refrain of the «Stemning», setting up the «Lovtale» (Eulogy) that follows. The man's repeated, baffled awe ('who can understand him?') is the book's driving question about the knight of faith."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hver","lemma":"hver","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Gang","gloss":"Every"},{"surface":"Gang","lemma":"Gang","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"introduces the clause of vendte","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vendte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vendte","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Vandring","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Vandring","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Vandring","lemma":"vandring","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of vendte","gloss":"wandering"},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Morija-Bjerget","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Morija-Bjerget","lemma":"Morija-Bjerget","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies Vandring","gloss":"Mount Moriah"},{"surface":"vendte","lemma":"vende","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"verb of the Hver-Gang clause (adverbial on sank)","gloss":"returned"},{"surface":"hjem","lemma":"hjem","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on vendte","gloss":"home"},{"surface":"da","lemma":"da","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sank","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"sank","lemma":"synke","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sank"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sank","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"sammen","lemma":"sammen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sank","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"af","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Træthed","gloss":"in","note":"Printed 'at' is very likely a misprint for 'af' ('with/from') — 'sank sammen af Træthed' = 'sank down from weariness', matching the translation."},{"surface":"Træthed","lemma":"træthed","morphology":"noun, common gender, singular","role":"object of af","gloss":"weariness"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of foldede","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"foldede","lemma":"folde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with sank","gloss":"folded"},{"surface":"sine","lemma":"sin","morphology":"determiner, plural, reflexive","role":"determiner of Hænder","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"Hænder","lemma":"hånd","morphology":"noun, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of foldede","gloss":"hands"},{"surface":"og","lemma":"og","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sagde","lemma":"sige","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with foldede","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"No one"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to stor","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stor","gloss":"after all"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicative complement of var","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Abraham","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"Abraham","lemma":"Abraham","morphology":"proper noun","role":"oblique complement of stor","gloss":"Abraham"},{"surface":"hvo","lemma":"hvo","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of er","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"være","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to istand","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"istand","lemma":"istand","morphology":"adjective, common gender, singular","role":"predicative complement of er","gloss":"able","note":"'istand til at' = 'able to' (idiom; modern Danish 'i stand til at')."},{"surface":"til","lemma":"til","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of forstaae","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"at","lemma":"at","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of forstaae","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"forstaae","lemma":"forstaae","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"infinitive complement of istand","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"ham","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of forstaae","gloss":"him"}]}]}