{"work":{"slug":"nils","title":{"source":"Nils Holgerssons underbara resa genom Sverige","translated":"The Wonderful Adventures of Nils"},"author":"Selma Lagerlöf","language":"Swedish","languageCode":"sv","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/nils"},"unit":{"kind":"chapter","number":null,"id":"ch31","title":{"source":"Valborgsmässoafton","translated":"Walpurgis Eve"},"section":"The Wonderful Adventures of Nils","summary":null,"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/nils/ch31","lines":169},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/books/nils/ch30","next":"https://1732studios.com/books/nils/ch32","license":"Source text: public domain (Selma Lagerlöf, d. 1940; first published 1906–1907). English translation: © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC — original draft, pending editorial review.","audioBase":null,"lines":[{"number":1,"label":"1","id":"ch31-p1-s1","source":"Det finns en dag, som är nära nog lika efterlängtad av alla barn i Dalarna som julaftonen, och det är valborgsmässoaftonen, då de få tända eldar ute i det fria.","translation":"There is a day nearly as eagerly awaited by all the children in Dalarna as Christmas Eve, and that is Walpurgis Night, when they are allowed to light fires out in the open.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"valborgsmässoafton","title":"Walpurgis Eve","body":"«Valborgsmässoafton» is the eve of May Day (April 30), when Swedish communities light bonfires to welcome spring — historically most elaborate in Dalarna, the setting of this chapter."}],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with finns","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"finns","lemma":"finnas","morphology":"verb, present, indicative","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"there is"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of dag","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"dag","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of finns","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of efterlängtad","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to efterlängtad","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"nära","lemma":"nära","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies efterlängtad","gloss":"nearly","note":"Type lumps the positive, comparative, and superlative forms of nära."},{"surface":"nog","lemma":"nog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies efterlängtad","gloss":"nearly"},{"surface":"lika","lemma":"lika","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies efterlängtad","gloss":"equally"},{"surface":"efterlängtad","lemma":"efterlängtad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"relative clause on dag","gloss":"eagerly awaited"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking barn","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of barn","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"barn","lemma":"barn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of efterlängtad","gloss":"children"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dalarna","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Dalarna","lemma":"Dalarna","morphology":"proper noun","role":"modifies barn","gloss":"Dalarna"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of julaftonen","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"julaftonen","lemma":"julafton","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"in apposition to barn","gloss":"Christmas Eve"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of valborgsmässoaftonen","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to valborgsmässoaftonen","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"valborgsmässoaftonen","lemma":"valborgsmässoafton","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with finns","gloss":"Walpurgis Night"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of få","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of få","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"få","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"relative clause on valborgsmässoaftonen","gloss":"be allowed to"},{"surface":"tända","lemma":"tänd","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies eldar","gloss":"light"},{"surface":"eldar","lemma":"elda","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of få","gloss":"fires"},{"surface":"ute","lemma":"ute","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies få","gloss":"outside"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fria","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of fria","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"fria","lemma":"fri","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"oblique complement of få","gloss":"free"}]},{"number":2,"label":"2","id":"ch31-p2-s1","source":"Flera veckor förut tänka pojkar och flickor inte på annat än att samla bränsle för valborgseldarna.","translation":"For several weeks beforehand, boys and girls think of nothing but gathering fuel for the Walpurgis fires.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Flera","lemma":"flera","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies veckor","gloss":"several"},{"surface":"veckor","lemma":"vecka","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of tänka","gloss":"weeks"},{"surface":"förut","lemma":"förut","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tänka","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"tänka","lemma":"tänka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to think"},{"surface":"pojkar","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of tänka","gloss":"boys"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"flickor","lemma":"flicka","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with pojkar","gloss":"girls"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies tänka","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of samla","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"annat","lemma":"annan","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"part of the phrase på","gloss":"anything else"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of samla","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of samla","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"samla","lemma":"samla","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on tänka","gloss":"to gather"},{"surface":"bränsle","lemma":"bränsle","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of samla","gloss":"fuel"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking valborgseldarna","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"valborgseldarna","lemma":"valborgseldarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of samla","gloss":"the Walpurgis fires"}]},{"number":3,"label":"","id":"ch31-p2-s2","source":"De gå i skogen för att plocka upp torra grenar och kottar, de samla spånor hos snickaren och stickor och bark och vresiga kubbar hos vedhuggaren.","translation":"They go into the forest to pick up dry branches and pinecones; they gather shavings from the carpenter and kindling and bark and gnarled logs from the woodcutter.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of gå","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"gå","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skogen","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"skogen","lemma":"skog","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gå","gloss":"forest"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of plocka","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of plocka","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"plocka","lemma":"plocka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on gå","gloss":"to pick"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on plocka","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"torra","lemma":"torr","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies grenar","gloss":"dry"},{"surface":"grenar","lemma":"gren","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of plocka","gloss":"branches"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"kottar","lemma":"kott","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with plocka","gloss":"pinecones"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of samla","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"samla","lemma":"samla","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"parallel clause to gå","gloss":"to gather"},{"surface":"spånor","lemma":"spåna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of samla","gloss":"wood shavings"},{"surface":"hos","lemma":"hos","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking snickaren","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"snickaren","lemma":"snickare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of samla","gloss":"the carpenter"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"stickor","lemma":"sticka","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with snickaren","gloss":"kindling"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bark","lemma":"bark","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with snickaren","gloss":"bark"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vresiga","lemma":"vresig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies kubbar","gloss":"gnarled"},{"surface":"kubbar","lemma":"kubb","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with samla","gloss":"logs"},{"surface":"hos","lemma":"hos","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vedhuggaren","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"vedhuggaren","lemma":"vedhuggar","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies kubbar","gloss":"the woodcutter"}]},{"number":4,"label":"","id":"ch31-p2-s3","source":"De gå var dag till handelsmannen för att tigga gamla lårar, och om någon har lyckats komma över en tom tjärtunna, gömmer han den som sin bästa skatt och törs inte ta fram den förrän i sista stunden, strax innan eldarna skola tändas.","translation":"They go every day to the shopkeeper to beg for old crates, and if someone has managed to get hold of an empty tar barrel, he hides it as his greatest treasure and dares not bring it out until the last moment, just before the fires are to be lit.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"determiner of gå","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"gå","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"copula linking to dag","gloss":"was","note":"mistagged as a determiner; the surface 'var' here is the past tense of vara 'to be'."},{"surface":"dag","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of gå","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking handelsmannen","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"handelsmannen","lemma":"handelsmann","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gå","gloss":"shopkeeper"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of tigga","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of tigga","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"tigga","lemma":"tigga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on gå","gloss":"beg"},{"surface":"gamla","lemma":"gammal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies lårar","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"lårar","lemma":"låre","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of tigga","gloss":"crates","note":"Lår here is an older word for a large chest or crate."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of lyckats","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"någon","lemma":"någon","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lyckats","gloss":"someone"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of lyckats","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"lyckats","lemma":"lycka","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on komma","gloss":"succeeded","note":"Impersonal 'lyckats' from 'lyckas' (to succeed); lemma should be 'lyckas'."},{"surface":"komma","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with gå","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on komma","gloss":"hold of"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of tjärtunna","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"tom","lemma":"tom","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies tjärtunna","gloss":"empty"},{"surface":"tjärtunna","lemma":"tjärtunna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of komma","gloss":"tar barrel"},{"surface":"gömmer","lemma":"gömma","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to gå","gloss":"hides"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gömmer","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of gömmer","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of skatt","gloss":"as","note":"Functions as relative pronoun/conjunction, not a true preposition."},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of skatt","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"bästa","lemma":"bra","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"modifies skatt","gloss":"best"},{"surface":"skatt","lemma":"skatt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gömmer","gloss":"treasure"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"törs","lemma":"töra","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"auxiliary of ta","gloss":"dares"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies ta","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ta","lemma":"ta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with gå","gloss":"to take"},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on ta","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of ta","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"förrän","lemma":"förrän","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stunden","gloss":"before","note":"used with a preceding negative to mean 'no sooner than'."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking stunden","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"sista","lemma":"sista","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"modifies stunden","gloss":"last"},{"surface":"stunden","lemma":"stund","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ta","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"strax","lemma":"strax","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tändas","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"innan","lemma":"innan","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tändas","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"eldarna","lemma":"eldarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"possessor of skola","gloss":"the fires"},{"surface":"skola","lemma":"skola","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of passive tändas","gloss":"shall"},{"surface":"tändas","lemma":"tända","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on stunden","gloss":"be lit"}]},{"number":5,"label":"","id":"ch31-p2-s4","source":"De smala spöna, som man använder till att stödja ärter och bönor med, äro i stor fara och likaså alla gamla omkullblåsta gärdsgårdar, alla sönderbrutna redskap och alla hässjestänger, som ha blivit kvarglömda ute på åkern.","translation":"The slender rods used to prop up peas and beans are in great danger, and so are all the old, wind-toppled fences, all the broken tools, and all the hay-drying poles that have been left lying forgotten out in the field.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"äro","title":"Archaic plural of «vara»","body":"«äro» is the old plural present tense of «vara» ('to be'), used before Sweden's 1940s spelling/grammar reform for plural subjects. Modern Swedish uses «är» for all persons and numbers; Lagerlöf's 1906 prose still marks the distinction."}],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of spöna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"smala","lemma":"smal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies spöna","gloss":"narrow"},{"surface":"spöna","lemma":"spöna","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"the rods"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of använder","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of använder","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"använder","lemma":"använda","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on spöna","gloss":"uses"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of stödja","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of stödja","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"stödja","lemma":"stödja","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on använder","gloss":"prop up"},{"surface":"ärter","lemma":"ärta","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of stödja","gloss":"peas"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bönor","lemma":"böna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with ärter","gloss":"beans"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies bönor","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"äro","lemma":"äro","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"depends on bönor","gloss":"are","note":"Old plural present tense of vara ('to be')."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fara","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies fara","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"fara","lemma":"fara","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies bönor","gloss":"danger","note":"some listed surfaces (fara, far) are actually forms of the unrelated verb fara 'to travel/go'; gloss the noun sense danger for the noun-tagged type."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"likaså","lemma":"likaså","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies alla","gloss":"likewise"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of gärdsgårdar","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"gamla","lemma":"gammal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies gärdsgårdar","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"omkullblåsta","lemma":"omkullblåsta","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies gärdsgårdar","gloss":"wind-toppled"},{"surface":"gärdsgårdar","lemma":"gärdsgård","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with fara","gloss":"fences"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of redskap","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"sönderbrutna","lemma":"sönderbrutn","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies redskap","gloss":"broken"},{"surface":"redskap","lemma":"redskap","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"coordinated with fara","gloss":"tools"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of hässjestänger","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"hässjestänger","lemma":"hässjestäng","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"coordinated with fara","gloss":"hay-drying poles"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of blivit","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of blivit","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"blivit","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"relative clause on hässjestänger","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"kvarglömda","lemma":"kvarglömed","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"complement of blivit","gloss":"left forgotten"},{"surface":"ute","lemma":"ute","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies blivit","gloss":"outside"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking åkern","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"åkern","lemma":"åker","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of blivit","gloss":"field"}]},{"number":6,"label":"3","id":"ch31-p3-s1","source":"När den märkvärdiga kvällen kommer, ha barnen i varje by lagt upp en stor hög av kvistar och ris och allt möjligt brännbart antingen på en kulle eller också nere vid en sjöstrand.","translation":"When the remarkable evening comes, the children in every village have piled up a great heap of twigs and brushwood and everything else that will burn, either on a hill or down by a lakeshore.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"När","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ha","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of kvällen","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"märkvärdiga","lemma":"märkvärdig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies kvällen","gloss":"the strange thing","note":"used substantively as 'det märkvärdiga' (the remarkable/strange thing)."},{"surface":"kvällen","lemma":"kväll","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ha","gloss":"evening"},{"surface":"kommer","lemma":"komma","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ha","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to have"},{"surface":"barnen","lemma":"barn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of ha","gloss":"children"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking by","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"varje","lemma":"varje","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of by","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"by","lemma":"by","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of lagt","gloss":"village"},{"surface":"lagt","lemma":"lägga","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"complement of ha","gloss":"laid"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on lagt","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of hög","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies hög","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"hög","lemma":"hög","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of lagt","gloss":"tall"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking kvistar","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"kvistar","lemma":"kvist","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of lagt","gloss":"twigs"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ris","lemma":"ris","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with kvistar","gloss":"brushwood"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"allt","lemma":"allt","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"modifies möjligt","gloss":"all/everything"},{"surface":"möjligt","lemma":"möjlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies brännbart","gloss":"everything else","note":"half the examples (ch01-p27, ch04-p30) use the fixed idiom 'allt möjligt' = 'all sorts of/everything', not the literal 'possible' sense used in the other two."},{"surface":"brännbart","lemma":"brännbar","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with lagt","gloss":"flammable"},{"surface":"antingen","lemma":"antingen","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"either","note":"'Antingen' pairs with 'eller' (either/or) or introduces a concessive 'whether'."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking kulle","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of kulle","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"kulle","lemma":"kulle","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of brännbart","gloss":"hillock"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"också","lemma":"också","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies nere","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"nere","lemma":"nere","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with kulle","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sjöstrand","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of sjöstrand","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"sjöstrand","lemma":"sjöstrand","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of nere","gloss":"lakeshore"}]},{"number":7,"label":"","id":"ch31-p3-s2","source":"I somliga byar är inte bara ett, utan två, tre stora risbål hopplockade.","translation":"In some villages there is not just one bonfire gathered, but two or three.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"I","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking byar","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"somliga","lemma":"somlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies byar","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"byar","lemma":"byar","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of ett","gloss":"villages"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to ett","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies ett","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"bara","lemma":"bara","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ett","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"utan","lemma":"utan","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but rather","note":"follows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened."},{"surface":"två","lemma":"två","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies risbål","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"tre","lemma":"tre","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies risbål","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"stora","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies risbål","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"risbål","lemma":"risbål","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies hopplockade","gloss":"brushwood bonfire"},{"surface":"hopplockade","lemma":"hopplockad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with ett","gloss":"gathered together"}]},{"number":8,"label":"","id":"ch31-p3-s3","source":"Det kan ju ha fallit sig så, att pojkar och flickor inte ha kunnat enas om bränslesamlingen, eller också ha barnen, som bo söderut i byn, velat ha elden åt sitt håll, och detta ha de, som bo i norra ändan, inte kunnat gå in på, utan de ha måst skaffa sig en eld för egen räkning.","translation":"It may well have happened that the boys and girls could not agree on the fuel-gathering, or else the children who live in the south end of the village wanted the fire on their side, and this the ones who live at the north end could not accept, so that they had to arrange a fire of their own.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of fallit","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of fallit","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"ju","lemma":"ju","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fallit","gloss":"may well"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of fallit","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"fallit","lemma":"falli","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"fallen"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of fallit","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fallit","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of enas","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"pojkar","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of passive enas","gloss":"boys"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"flickor","lemma":"flicka","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with pojkar","gloss":"girls"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies enas","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of enas","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"kunnat","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, supine","role":"auxiliary of enas","gloss":"been able to"},{"surface":"enas","lemma":"ena","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of fallit","gloss":"to agree"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bränslesamlingen","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"bränslesamlingen","lemma":"bränslesamling","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of enas","gloss":"the fuel-gathering"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"också","lemma":"också","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ha","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with enas","gloss":"to have"},{"surface":"barnen","lemma":"barn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of ha","gloss":"children"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of bo","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"bo","lemma":"bo","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with enas","gloss":"to live","note":"\"To dwell/live\"; not to be confused with bo, \"nest\"."},{"surface":"söderut","lemma":"söderut","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"depends on bo","gloss":"southward","note":"This is the adverb söderut, mistagged as a noun."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking byn","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"byn","lemma":"byn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of bo","gloss":"village"},{"surface":"velat","lemma":"vela","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with fallit","gloss":"wanted","note":"Mistagged as an adjective; surface 'velat' is the supine of vilja (to want)."},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of velat","gloss":"to have"},{"surface":"elden","lemma":"eld","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of ha","gloss":"fire"},{"surface":"åt","lemma":"åt","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking håll","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"sitt","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of håll","gloss":"his own","note":"possessive reflexive sitt, agreeing with a neuter noun."},{"surface":"håll","lemma":"håll","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of ha","gloss":"direction"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of ha","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on gå","gloss":"to have"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"direct object of ha","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of bo","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"bo","lemma":"bo","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"relative clause on de","gloss":"to live","note":"\"To dwell/live\"; not to be confused with bo, \"nest\"."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ändan","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"norra","lemma":"norra","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies ändan","gloss":"northern"},{"surface":"ändan","lemma":"ändan","morphology":"adverb","role":"oblique complement of bo","gloss":"end","note":"Noun 'ändan' (the end); mistagged as adverb."},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies gå","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"kunnat","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, supine","role":"auxiliary of gå","gloss":"been able to"},{"surface":"gå","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of fallit","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gå","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking räkning","gloss":"accept"},{"surface":"utan","lemma":"utan","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ha","gloss":"but rather","note":"follows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of ha","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with gå","gloss":"to have"},{"surface":"måst","lemma":"måst","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of ha","gloss":"had to","note":"The supine of 'måste' (must), tagged as a noun but functioning as an auxiliary verb form."},{"surface":"skaffa","lemma":"skaffa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of ha","gloss":"to get"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"indirect object of skaffa","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of eld","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"eld","lemma":"eld","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of skaffa","gloss":"fire"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking räkning","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"egen","lemma":"egen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies räkning","gloss":"own"},{"surface":"räkning","lemma":"räkning","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of skaffa","gloss":"their own"}]},{"number":9,"label":"4","id":"ch31-p4-s1","source":"Högarna bruka vara färdiga i god tid på eftermiddagen, och sedan gå alla barnen omkring med tändsticksaskar i fickan och vänta på mörkret.","translation":"The piles are usually ready in good time in the afternoon, and after that all the children go around with matchboxes in their pockets, waiting for darkness.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Högarna","lemma":"Högarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of färdiga","gloss":"the piles"},{"surface":"bruka","lemma":"bruka","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of färdiga","gloss":"usually"},{"surface":"vara","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to färdiga","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"färdiga","lemma":"färdig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"ready"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tid","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"god","lemma":"god","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies tid","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"tid","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of färdiga","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking eftermiddagen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"eftermiddagen","lemma":"eftermiddag","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies tid","gloss":"afternoon"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sedan","lemma":"sedan","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gå","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"gå","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with färdiga","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of barnen","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"barnen","lemma":"barn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of gå","gloss":"children"},{"surface":"omkring","lemma":"omkring","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tändsticksaskar","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tändsticksaskar","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"tändsticksaskar","lemma":"tändsticksask","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of gå","gloss":"matchboxes"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fickan","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"fickan","lemma":"ficka","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies tändsticksaskar","gloss":"the pocket"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vänta","lemma":"vänta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with gå","gloss":"to wait"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mörkret","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"mörkret","lemma":"mörker","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of vänta","gloss":"darkness"}]},{"number":10,"label":"","id":"ch31-p4-s2","source":"Det är så förfärligt länge ljust i Dalarna den här tiden på året.","translation":"It stays light dreadfully long in Dalarna at this time of year.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of ljust","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to ljust","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ljust","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"förfärligt","lemma":"förfärlig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ljust","gloss":"terribly"},{"surface":"länge","lemma":"länge","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase förfärligt","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"ljust","lemma":"ljust","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"light","note":"Describes daylight/brightness, e.g. \"det var ljust\" = \"it was light out.\""},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dalarna","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Dalarna","lemma":"Dal","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of ljust","gloss":"Dalarna","note":"The province Dalarna."},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of tiden","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase den","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"tiden","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ljust","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking året","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"året","lemma":"år","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies tiden","gloss":"year"}]},{"number":11,"label":"","id":"ch31-p4-s3","source":"När klockan är åtta, har det knappast börjat skymma.","translation":"When the clock strikes eight, it has hardly begun to grow dusk.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"När","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of åtta","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"klockan","lemma":"klocka","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of åtta","gloss":"clock"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to åtta","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"åtta","lemma":"åtta","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"adverbial clause on börjat","gloss":"eight"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of börjat","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with börjat","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"knappast","lemma":"knappast","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies börjat","gloss":"hardly"},{"surface":"börjat","lemma":"börja","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"begun"},{"surface":"skymma","lemma":"skymma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of börjat","gloss":"grow dusk"}]},{"number":12,"label":"","id":"ch31-p4-s4","source":"Det blir kallt och ruskigt att gå ute och vänta, för det är bara vårvinter ännu.","translation":"It grows cold and raw to stand outside waiting, for it is still only early spring.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with blir","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"blir","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"kallt","lemma":"kall","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"complement of blir","gloss":"cold"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ruskigt","lemma":"ruskig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with kallt","gloss":"raw and dismal"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of gå","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"gå","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on blir","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"ute","lemma":"ute","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gå","gloss":"outside"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vänta","lemma":"vänta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with gå","gloss":"to wait"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking det","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with vårvinter","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to vårvinter","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"bara","lemma":"bara","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vårvinter","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"vårvinter","lemma":"vårvinter","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with blir","gloss":"early spring"},{"surface":"ännu","lemma":"ännu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies blir","gloss":"still"}]},{"number":13,"label":"","id":"ch31-p4-s5","source":"Från all avröjd och öppen mark är snön borttöad, och mittpå dagen, då solen står högt på himlen, kan det kännas riktigt varmt, men det finns ännu djupa drivor kvar i skogarna, isen täcker sjöarna, och mot natten blir det ibland många grader kallt.","translation":"From all cleared and open ground the snow has thawed away, and in the middle of the day, when the sun stands high in the sky, it can feel quite warm, but there are still deep drifts left in the forests, ice covers the lakes, and toward night it sometimes turns many degrees cold.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Från","lemma":"från","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking avröjd","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"all","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of avröjd","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"avröjd","lemma":"avröjd","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial clause on borttöad","gloss":"cleared"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"öppen","lemma":"öppen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies mark","gloss":"open"},{"surface":"mark","lemma":"mark","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with avröjd","gloss":"ground"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to borttöad","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"snön","lemma":"snö","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of borttöad","gloss":"snow"},{"surface":"borttöad","lemma":"borttöad","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"thawed away"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"mittpå","lemma":"mittpå","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies dagen","gloss":"in the middle of","note":"Functions as the preposition 'mittpå' (in the middle of), mistagged as an adjective."},{"surface":"dagen","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with borttöad","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of står","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"solen","lemma":"sol","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of står","gloss":"sun"},{"surface":"står","lemma":"stå","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on borttöad","gloss":"stands"},{"surface":"högt","lemma":"hög","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies står","gloss":"high","note":"this type bundles the positive, comparative, and superlative degree forms (högt, högre, högst) under one entry."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking himlen","gloss":"in the middle of"},{"surface":"himlen","lemma":"himl","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of står","gloss":"sky"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of kännas","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of passive kännas","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"kännas","lemma":"känna","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"coordinated with borttöad","gloss":"feel"},{"surface":"riktigt","lemma":"riktig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies varmt","gloss":"truly"},{"surface":"varmt","lemma":"varm","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"complement of kännas","gloss":"warm"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with finns","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"finns","lemma":"finnas","morphology":"verb, present, indicative","role":"coordinated with borttöad","gloss":"there are"},{"surface":"ännu","lemma":"ännu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies djupa","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"djupa","lemma":"djup","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies drivor","gloss":"deep"},{"surface":"drivor","lemma":"driva","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of finns","gloss":"drifts"},{"surface":"kvar","lemma":"kvar","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies drivor","gloss":"still there"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skogarna","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"skogarna","lemma":"skog","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of drivor","gloss":"forests"},{"surface":"isen","lemma":"is","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of täcker","gloss":"ice"},{"surface":"täcker","lemma":"täcka","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"in apposition to drivor","gloss":"covers"},{"surface":"sjöarna","lemma":"sjöarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of täcker","gloss":"the lakes"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking natten","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"natten","lemma":"natt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of blir","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"blir","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with borttöad","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of blir","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"ibland","lemma":"ibland","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies blir","gloss":"sometimes"},{"surface":"många","lemma":"många","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies grader","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"grader","lemma":"grad","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of blir","gloss":"degrees"},{"surface":"kallt","lemma":"kalld","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies blir","gloss":"cold"}]},{"number":14,"label":"","id":"ch31-p4-s6","source":"Därför kan det också hända, att en och annan eld blir tänd, innan det är riktigt mörkt.","translation":"That is why it can also happen that one fire or another gets lit before it is truly dark.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Därför","lemma":"därför","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hända","gloss":"that is why"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of hända","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with hända","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"också","lemma":"också","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hända","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"hända","lemma":"hända","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to happen"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tänd","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of eld","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"part of the phrase en","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"annan","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase en","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"eld","lemma":"eld","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tänd","gloss":"fire"},{"surface":"blir","lemma":"bli","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"passive auxiliary of tänd","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"tänd","lemma":"tänd","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial clause on hända","gloss":"lit"},{"surface":"innan","lemma":"innan","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of mörkt","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of mörkt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to mörkt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"riktigt","lemma":"riktig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies mörkt","gloss":"truly"},{"surface":"mörkt","lemma":"mörk","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"adverbial clause on tänd","gloss":"dark"}]},{"number":15,"label":"","id":"ch31-p4-s7","source":"Men det är bara de minsta och otåligaste barnen, som på det sättet förhasta sig.","translation":"But it is only the smallest and most impatient children who rush things in that way.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with barnen","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to barnen","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"bara","lemma":"bara","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies barnen","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of minsta","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"minsta","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"modifies barnen","gloss":"smallest"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"otåligaste","lemma":"otåligaste","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with minsta","gloss":"most impatient"},{"surface":"barnen","lemma":"barn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"children"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of förhasta","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sättet","gloss":"in that way"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of sättet","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"sättet","lemma":"sätt","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of förhasta","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"förhasta","lemma":"förhasta","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"relative clause on barnen","gloss":"rush things"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of förhasta","gloss":"themselves"}]},{"number":16,"label":"","id":"ch31-p4-s8","source":"De större vänta, tills det har blivit så pass mörkt, att eldarna kunna ta sig något ut.","translation":"The older ones wait until it has grown dark enough that the fires can really show themselves.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of vänta","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"större","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"modifies vänta","gloss":"bigger"},{"surface":"vänta","lemma":"vänta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to wait"},{"surface":"tills","lemma":"tills","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of blivit","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of blivit","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of blivit","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"blivit","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on vänta","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies mörkt","gloss":"enough"},{"surface":"pass","lemma":"pass","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"part of the phrase så","gloss":"enough","note":"functions as a degree particle here, not the noun 'pass'."},{"surface":"mörkt","lemma":"mörk","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"complement of blivit","gloss":"dark"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ta","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"eldarna","lemma":"eldarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of ta","gloss":"the fires"},{"surface":"kunna","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of ta","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"ta","lemma":"ta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on blivit","gloss":"to take"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"indirect object of ta","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"något","lemma":"någon","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of ta","gloss":"really"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on ta","gloss":"show oneself"}]},{"number":17,"label":"5","id":"ch31-p5-s1","source":"Så kommer äntligen den rätta stunden.","translation":"At last the right moment comes.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kommer","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"kommer","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"comes"},{"surface":"äntligen","lemma":"äntligen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kommer","gloss":"finally"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of stunden","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"rätta","lemma":"rätt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies stunden","gloss":"right"},{"surface":"stunden","lemma":"stund","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kommer","gloss":"while"}]},{"number":18,"label":"","id":"ch31-p5-s2","source":"Var och en, som har bragt en aldrig så liten sticka till bålet, är närvarande, och den äldsta pojken tänder en halmknippa och sticker in den under högen.","translation":"Everyone who has brought even the tiniest stick to the pile is present, and the oldest boy lights a bundle of straw and pokes it in under the heap.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Var","lemma":"var","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of närvarande","gloss":"each","note":"\"var\" is both the interrogative/relative adverb \"where\" and the past tense of vara (\"was\"); the parser conflated the two under one type."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"part of the phrase Var","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"numeral, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase Var","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of bragt","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of bragt","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"bragt","lemma":"braga","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"relative clause on Var","gloss":"brought","note":"Bragt is part of bragt dem om livet ('brought about their death') in ch22-p27-s6, but is the ordinary 'brought' in ch38-p18-s1."},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of aldrig","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"aldrig","lemma":"aldrig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sticka","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies liten","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"liten","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies sticka","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"sticka","lemma":"sticka","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial clause on bragt","gloss":"stick"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bålet","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"bålet","lemma":"bål","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of sticka","gloss":"bonfire"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to närvarande","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"närvarande","lemma":"närvarande","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"present"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of pojken","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"äldsta","lemma":"gammal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"modifies pojken","gloss":"oldest"},{"surface":"pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies tänder","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"tänder","lemma":"tänder","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with närvarande","gloss":"lights"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of halmknippa","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"halmknippa","lemma":"halmknippa","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial clause on närvarande","gloss":"bundle of straw"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sticker","lemma":"sticka","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with halmknippa","gloss":"pokes"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on sticker","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of sticker","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"under","lemma":"under","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking högen","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"högen","lemma":"hög","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sticker","gloss":"pile"}]},{"number":19,"label":"","id":"ch31-p5-s3","source":"Strax börja lågorna arbeta, det fräser och knastrar i riset, de tunnaste kvistarna bli glödröda, röken väller fram, svart och hotande.","translation":"At once the flames begin to work, the brushwood hisses and crackles, the thinnest twigs turn glowing red, the smoke billows up, black and threatening.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Strax","lemma":"strax","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies börja","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"börja","lemma":"börja","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to begin"},{"surface":"lågorna","lemma":"lågorna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of börja","gloss":"the flames"},{"surface":"arbeta","lemma":"arbeta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of börja","gloss":"work"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of fräser","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"fräser","lemma":"fräsa","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to börja","gloss":"hisses"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"knastrar","lemma":"knastra","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with fräser","gloss":"crackles"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking riset","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"riset","lemma":"ris","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of knastrar","gloss":"brushwood"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of kvistarna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"tunnaste","lemma":"tunnaste","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"modifies kvistarna","gloss":"thinnest"},{"surface":"kvistarna","lemma":"kvistarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of bli","gloss":"the twigs"},{"surface":"bli","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"parallel clause to fräser","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"glödröda","lemma":"glödröd","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"complement of bli","gloss":"glowing red"},{"surface":"röken","lemma":"rök","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of väller","gloss":"smoke"},{"surface":"väller","lemma":"välla","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with börja","gloss":"billows up"},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on väller","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"svart","lemma":"svar","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with börja","gloss":"black","note":"The lemma should be svart (\"black\"); the parser mistagged the surface \"svart\" under the noun svar (\"answer\")."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hotande","lemma":"hotande","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"coordinated with svart","gloss":"threatening"}]},{"number":20,"label":"","id":"ch31-p5-s4","source":"Så äntligen tränger lågan upp från toppen av risbålet, hög och klar, stiger på en gång flera meter i höjden och syns över hela trakten.","translation":"Then at last the flame forces its way up from the top of the bonfire, tall and clear, rises several meters into the air all at once, and can be seen over the whole district.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tränger","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"äntligen","lemma":"äntligen","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase Så","gloss":"finally"},{"surface":"tränger","lemma":"tränga","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"presses through"},{"surface":"lågan","lemma":"låga","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tränger","gloss":"flame"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tränger","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"från","lemma":"från","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking toppen","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"toppen","lemma":"topp","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of tränger","gloss":"top"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking risbålet","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"risbålet","lemma":"risbålet","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies toppen","gloss":"the brushwood bonfire"},{"surface":"hög","lemma":"hög","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with risbålet","gloss":"tall"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"klar","lemma":"klar","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with risbålet","gloss":"clear"},{"surface":"stiger","lemma":"stiga","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with tränger","gloss":"rises"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gång","gloss":"all at once"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of gång","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gång","lemma":"gång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of flera","gloss":"once"},{"surface":"flera","lemma":"flera","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies meter","gloss":"several"},{"surface":"meter","lemma":"meter","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of stiger","gloss":"meters"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking höjden","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"höjden","lemma":"höjd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stiger","gloss":"height"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"syns","lemma":"synas","morphology":"verb, present, indicative","role":"coordinated with tränger","gloss":"can be seen"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking trakten","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"hela","lemma":"hel","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies trakten","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"trakten","lemma":"trakt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of syns","gloss":"region"}]},{"number":21,"label":"6","id":"ch31-p6-s1","source":"När barnen i en by ha fått sin egen eld riktigt i gång, ge de sig tid att se sig omkring.","translation":"When the children in a village have got their own fire truly going, they take time to look around.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"När","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fått","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"barnen","lemma":"barn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of fått","gloss":"children"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking by","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of by","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"by","lemma":"by","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of fått","gloss":"village"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of fått","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"fått","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on ge","gloss":"got"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of eld","gloss":"their own"},{"surface":"egen","lemma":"egen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies eld","gloss":"own"},{"surface":"eld","lemma":"eld","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of fått","gloss":"fire"},{"surface":"riktigt","lemma":"riktig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fått","gloss":"truly"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies fått","gloss":"going"},{"surface":"gång","lemma":"gång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase i","gloss":"going"},{"surface":"ge","lemma":"ge","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to give"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"indirect object of ge","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"indirect object of ge","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"tid","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of ge","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on ge","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of se","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"omkring","lemma":"omkring","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies se","gloss":"around"}]},{"number":22,"label":"","id":"ch31-p6-s2","source":"Jo, där brinner en eld, och där brinner en annan, och nu tändes det en på kullen och en allra överst på berget!","translation":"There, one fire is burning, and there another is burning, and now one is being lit on the hill and one right at the top of the mountain!","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Jo, där brinner","title":"V2 word order after a fronted adverbial","body":"Swedish is a strict verb-second (V2) language: whatever element opens the clause, the finite verb must come next. Here the adverb «där» ('there') is fronted, so the verb «brinner» immediately follows it and the subject «en eld» comes after — literally 'there burns a fire'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Jo","lemma":"jo","morphology":"interjection","role":"depends on brinner","gloss":"well/yes","note":"used to affirm or answer a question, often contradicting an implied doubt."},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies brinner","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"brinner","lemma":"brinna","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"burns"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of eld","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"eld","lemma":"eld","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of brinner","gloss":"fire"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies brinner","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"brinner","lemma":"brinna","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with brinner","gloss":"burns"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of annan","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"annan","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of brinner","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tändes","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"tändes","lemma":"tändes","morphology":"verb, past, indicative","role":"coordinated with brinner","gloss":"was lit"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of passive tändes","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"depends on tändes","gloss":"one","note":"Surfaces are only \"en\"/\"En\" used as a counting pronoun (\"en av dem\" = \"one of them\"), not the indefinite generic pronoun man/en (\"one does X\"). Lemma is mistagged as man; it should be en (numeral pronoun \"one\"). Gloss \"one\" happens to still be correct."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking kullen","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"kullen","lemma":"kull","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of tändes","gloss":"hillock"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of överst","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"allra","lemma":"allra","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies överst","gloss":"right at","note":"\"Most of all\" only fits \"allra ondast\" (angriest of all); in \"allra vackraste,\" \"allra tunnaste,\" and \"allra förskräckligaste\" allra intensifies the following superlative and renders as \"very\" (the very loveliest/thinnest/worst)."},{"surface":"överst","lemma":"överst","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with kullen","gloss":"at the very top"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking berget","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"berget","lemma":"berg","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of överst","gloss":"mountain"}]},{"number":23,"label":"","id":"ch31-p6-s3","source":"Alla hoppas de, att deras eld skall vara den största och klaraste, och de äro så rädda för att den inte skall överglänsa de andras, att de nu i sista stunden rusa hem till gårdarna för att tigga mor och far om ännu några brädstumpar och vedträn.","translation":"They all hope that their fire will be the biggest and brightest, and they are so afraid that it will not outshine the others that, at this last moment, they rush home to the farms to beg mother and father for a few more scraps of board and firewood.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"subject of hoppas","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"hoppas","lemma":"hoppa","morphology":"verb, present, indicative","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"hope"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"direct object of hoppas","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of största","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"deras","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of eld","gloss":"their","note":"possessive form deras of the plural pronoun de."},{"surface":"eld","lemma":"eld","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of största","gloss":"fire"},{"surface":"skall","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of största","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"vara","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to största","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"introduces the clause of största","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"största","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"clause modifying de","gloss":"biggest"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"klaraste","lemma":"klar","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"coordinated with största","gloss":"brightest"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of rädda","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"äro","lemma":"varoa","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to rädda","gloss":"are","note":"Archaic plural present of vara (to be)."},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies rädda","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"rädda","lemma":"rädda","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with största","gloss":"afraid","note":"Merges plural of the adjective 'rädd' (afraid) with forms of the unrelated verb 'rädda' (to save); sense depends entirely on context."},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of överglänsa","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase för","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of överglänsa","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies överglänsa","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"skall","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of överglänsa","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"överglänsa","lemma":"överglänsa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on rädda","gloss":"outshine"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of andras","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"andras","lemma":"andras","morphology":"pronoun","role":"indirect object of överglänsa","gloss":"others'"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of rusa","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of rusa","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies rusa","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking stunden","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"sista","lemma":"sista","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"modifies stunden","gloss":"last"},{"surface":"stunden","lemma":"stund","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of rusa","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"rusa","lemma":"rusa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of överglänsa","gloss":"rush"},{"surface":"hem","lemma":"hem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies rusa","gloss":"home"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gårdarna","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"gårdarna","lemma":"gårdarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of rusa","gloss":"the farms"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of tigga","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of tigga","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"tigga","lemma":"tigga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on rusa","gloss":"beg"},{"surface":"mor","lemma":"mor","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tigga","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"far","lemma":"far","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with mor","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking brädstumpar","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"ännu","lemma":"ännu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies brädstumpar","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"några","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of brädstumpar","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"brädstumpar","lemma":"brädstump","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of tigga","gloss":"scraps of board"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vedträn","lemma":"vedträn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with brädstumpar","gloss":"pieces of firewood"}]},{"number":24,"label":"7","id":"ch31-p7-s1","source":"När elden har brunnit en stund, komma de vuxna och de gamla gående för att se på den.","translation":"When the fire has been burning a while, the grown-ups and the old people come walking to look at it.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"När","lemma":"när","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of brunnit","gloss":"when","note":"Functions as a subordinating conjunction, not an adverb."},{"surface":"elden","lemma":"eld","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of brunnit","gloss":"fire"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of brunnit","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"brunnit","lemma":"brunnit","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on komma","gloss":"burned"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of stund","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stund","lemma":"stund","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of brunnit","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"komma","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of vuxna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"vuxna","lemma":"vuxen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"direct object of komma","gloss":"grown-up"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of gamla","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"gamla","lemma":"gammal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies gående","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"gående","lemma":"gå","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"direct object of komma","gloss":"walking","note":"Present participle gående used adjectivally/adverbially."},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on komma","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking den","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of se","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":25,"label":"","id":"ch31-p7-s2","source":"Men elden är inte bara grann och lysande, utan den sprider också en god och skön värme omkring sig, och detta lockar dem att slå sig ner på stenar och tuvor runt omkring den.","translation":"But the fire is not only splendid and bright — it also spreads a good, fine warmth around itself, and this tempts them to settle down on stones and tussocks around it.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"elden","lemma":"eld","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of grann","gloss":"fire"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to grann","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies grann","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"bara","lemma":"bara","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies grann","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"grann","lemma":"grann","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"splendid"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lysande","lemma":"lysande","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"coordinated with grann","gloss":"bright"},{"surface":"utan","lemma":"utan","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but rather","note":"follows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened."},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sprider","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"sprider","lemma":"sprida","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with grann","gloss":"spreads"},{"surface":"också","lemma":"också","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sprider","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of värme","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"god","lemma":"god","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies värme","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"skön","lemma":"skön","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with god","gloss":"fine"},{"surface":"värme","lemma":"värme","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of sprider","gloss":"warmth"},{"surface":"omkring","lemma":"omkring","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sig","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"oblique complement of sprider","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of lockar","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"lockar","lemma":"locka","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with grann","gloss":"tempts"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of lockar","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of slå","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"slå","lemma":"slå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on lockar","gloss":"settle"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of slå","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on slå","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking stenar","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"stenar","lemma":"sten","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of slå","gloss":"stones"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tuvor","lemma":"tuvor","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with stenar","gloss":"tussocks"},{"surface":"runt","lemma":"runt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies omkring","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"omkring","lemma":"omkring","morphology":"adverb","role":"preposition marking den","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of slå","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":26,"label":"","id":"ch31-p7-s3","source":"Där sitta de och stirra in i lågorna, tills en av dem faller på den tanken, att de borde koka litet kaffe, när det finns en så präktig eld.","translation":"There they sit and stare into the flames, until one of them hits on the idea that they ought to boil a little coffee, since there is such a fine fire.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sitta","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"sitta","lemma":"sitta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to sit"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of sitta","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"stirra","lemma":"stirra","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with sitta","gloss":"stare"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on stirra","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lågorna","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"lågorna","lemma":"lågorna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of stirra","gloss":"the flames"},{"surface":"tills","lemma":"tills","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of faller","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of faller","gloss":"one","note":"Surfaces are only \"en\"/\"En\" used as a counting pronoun (\"en av dem\" = \"one of them\"), not the indefinite generic pronoun man/en (\"one does X\"). Lemma is mistagged as man; it should be en (numeral pronoun \"one\"). Gloss \"one\" happens to still be correct."},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"modifies en","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"faller","lemma":"falla","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on sitta","gloss":"falls"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tanken","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of tanken","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"tanken","lemma":"tanke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of faller","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of koka","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of koka","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"borde","lemma":"böra","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of koka","gloss":"ought to","note":"Bare borde is simple past modal (\"ought to\"/\"should\"); the perfect sense (\"ought to have\") only appears when borde is followed by ha + supine in the sentence, as in three of the four examples — the fourth (\"borde släppa taget\") has no ha and translates as plain \"ought to.\""},{"surface":"koka","lemma":"koka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clause modifying tanken","gloss":"to boil"},{"surface":"litet","lemma":"litet","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies kaffe","gloss":"a little"},{"surface":"kaffe","lemma":"kaffe","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of koka","gloss":"coffee"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of finns","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with finns","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"finns","lemma":"finnas","morphology":"verb, present, indicative","role":"adverbial clause on koka","gloss":"there is"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of eld","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies präktig","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"präktig","lemma":"präktig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies eld","gloss":"splendid"},{"surface":"eld","lemma":"eld","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of finns","gloss":"fire"}]},{"number":27,"label":"","id":"ch31-p7-s4","source":"Medan kaffepannan puttrar, händer det, att någon börjar berätta en historia, och när den första har slutat, tar genast en annan vid.","translation":"While the coffee pot is bubbling, it happens that someone starts telling a story, and as soon as the first one has finished, another takes up right away.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Medan","lemma":"medan","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of puttrar","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"kaffepannan","lemma":"kaffepanna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of puttrar","gloss":"coffee pot"},{"surface":"puttrar","lemma":"puttra","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on händer","gloss":"is bubbling"},{"surface":"händer","lemma":"hända","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"happens"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with händer","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of börjar","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"någon","lemma":"någon","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of börjar","gloss":"someone"},{"surface":"börjar","lemma":"börja","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on tar","gloss":"begins"},{"surface":"berätta","lemma":"berätta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of börjar","gloss":"to tell"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of historia","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"historia","lemma":"historia","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of berätta","gloss":"story"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of slutat","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of första","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"första","lemma":"en","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"subject of slutat","gloss":"first","note":"surfaces are forms of första 'first', not the numeral en."},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of slutat","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"slutat","lemma":"sluta","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on tar","gloss":"finished"},{"surface":"tar","lemma":"ta","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to händer","gloss":"takes"},{"surface":"genast","lemma":"genast","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tar","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of annan","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"annan","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tar","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"oblique complement of tar","gloss":"up"}]},{"number":28,"label":"8","id":"ch31-p8-s1","source":"De vuxna tänka mest på kaffet och på historierna.","translation":"The grown-ups think mostly about the coffee and the stories.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of vuxna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"vuxna","lemma":"vuxen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"subject of tänka","gloss":"grown-up"},{"surface":"tänka","lemma":"tänka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to think"},{"surface":"mest","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tänka","gloss":"mostly"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking kaffet","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"kaffet","lemma":"kaff","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of tänka","gloss":"the coffee"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking historierna","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"historierna","lemma":"histori","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of tänka","gloss":"stories"}]},{"number":29,"label":"","id":"ch31-p8-s2","source":"Barnen tänka på att få elden att brinna högt och brinna länge.","translation":"The children think about making the fire burn high and burn long.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Barnen","lemma":"barn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of tänka","gloss":"children"},{"surface":"tänka","lemma":"tänka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to think"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of få","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of få","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"få","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on tänka","gloss":"make"},{"surface":"elden","lemma":"elde","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of få","gloss":"fire"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of brinna","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"brinna","lemma":"brinna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on få","gloss":"to burn"},{"surface":"högt","lemma":"hög","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies brinna","gloss":"high","note":"this type bundles the positive, comparative, and superlative degree forms (högt, högre, högst) under one entry."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"brinna","lemma":"brinna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with brinna","gloss":"to burn"},{"surface":"länge","lemma":"länge","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies brinna","gloss":"long"}]},{"number":30,"label":"","id":"ch31-p8-s3","source":"Det har gått så bedrövligt långsamt för våren med islossning och snösmältning.","translation":"Spring has come along so wretchedly slowly this year, with the ice breaking up and the snow melting.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of gått","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gått","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"gått","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"come along"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bedrövligt","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"bedrövligt","lemma":"bedrövlig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies långsamt","gloss":"wretchedly"},{"surface":"långsamt","lemma":"långsam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gått","gloss":"slowly"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking våren","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"våren","lemma":"vår","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gått","gloss":"spring"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking islossning","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"islossning","lemma":"islossning","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies våren","gloss":"ice breakup"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"snösmältning","lemma":"snösmältning","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with islossning","gloss":"snowmelt"}]},{"number":31,"label":"","id":"ch31-p8-s4","source":"Det vore nog bra, om de med sina eldar kunde ge den en liten hjälp.","translation":"It would surely be good if they, with their fires, could give it a little help.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of bra","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"vore","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, subjunctive, active","role":"copula linking to bra","gloss":"would be"},{"surface":"nog","lemma":"nog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bra","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"bra","lemma":"bra","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ge","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of ge","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking eldar","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sina","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"possessor of eldar","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"eldar","lemma":"eld","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies de","gloss":"fires"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ge","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"ge","lemma":"ge","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on bra","gloss":"to give"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of ge","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of hjälp","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"liten","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies hjälp","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"hjälp","lemma":"hjälp","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of ge","gloss":"help"}]},{"number":32,"label":"","id":"ch31-p8-s5","source":"Annars är det otänkbart, att den i rättan tid skall bli färdig med knoppning och lövsprickning.","translation":"Otherwise it seems unthinkable that it should be ready in time with budding and leafing out.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Annars","lemma":"annars","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies otänkbart","gloss":"otherwise"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to otänkbart","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of otänkbart","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"otänkbart","lemma":"otänkbar","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"unthinkable"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of bli","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of tid","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rättan","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"rättan","lemma":"rättan","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies den","gloss":"right"},{"surface":"tid","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of bli","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"skall","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of bli","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"bli","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on otänkbart","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"färdig","lemma":"färdig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of bli","gloss":"ready"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking knoppning","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"knoppning","lemma":"knoppning","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of färdig","gloss":"budding"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lövsprickning","lemma":"lövsprickning","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with knoppning","gloss":"leafing out"}]},{"number":33,"label":"9","id":"ch31-p9-s1","source":"Vildgässen hade ställt sig att sova på Siljans is, och som det kom ett ohyggligt kallt drag norrifrån, hade pojken nödgats krypa in under den vita gåskarlens vinge.","translation":"The wild geese had settled down to sleep on the ice of Lake Siljan, and since a horribly cold draft came from the north, the boy had been forced to creep in under the white gander's wing.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"nödgats","title":"Deponent -s verb","body":"«nödgas» ('to be forced/compelled') is one of a class of Swedish verbs ending in «-s» that carry passive or reflexive meaning without a separate passive construction; «nödgats» is its supine form, used here after «hade» to form the pluperfect."}],"words":[{"surface":"Vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässen","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of ställt","gloss":"the wild geese"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ställt","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"ställt","lemma":"ställa","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"put/placed"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of ställt","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of sova","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"sova","lemma":"sova","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of ställt","gloss":"sleep"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking is","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"Siljans","lemma":"Siljans","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of is","gloss":"Siljan's"},{"surface":"is","lemma":"is","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sova","gloss":"ice"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"since","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with ställt","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of drag","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ohyggligt","lemma":"ohygglig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kallt","gloss":"dreadfully"},{"surface":"kallt","lemma":"kall","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies drag","gloss":"cold"},{"surface":"drag","lemma":"drag","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"draft"},{"surface":"norrifrån","lemma":"norrifrån","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies drag","gloss":"from the north"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of nödgats","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of passive nödgats","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"nödgats","lemma":"nödga","morphology":"verb, passive, supine","role":"coordinated with ställt","gloss":"had been forced"},{"surface":"krypa","lemma":"krypa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of nödgats","gloss":"to creep"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on krypa","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"under","lemma":"under","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vinge","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of gåskarlens","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"vita","lemma":"vit","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies gåskarlens","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"gåskarlens","lemma":"gåskarlens","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of vinge","gloss":"the gander's"},{"surface":"vinge","lemma":"vinge","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of krypa","gloss":"wing"}]},{"number":34,"label":"","id":"ch31-p9-s2","source":"Men han hade inte legat där länge, förrän han vaknade vid knallen av ett bösskott.","translation":"But he had not lain there long before he woke at the crack of a gunshot.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of legat","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of legat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies legat","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"legat","lemma":"legaa","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lain"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies legat","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"länge","lemma":"länge","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies legat","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"förrän","lemma":"förrän","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vaknade","gloss":"before","note":"used with a preceding negative to mean 'no sooner than'."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vaknade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"vaknade","lemma":"vakna","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on legat","gloss":"woke up"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking knallen","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"knallen","lemma":"knall","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of vaknade","gloss":"the crack"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bösskott","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of bösskott","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"bösskott","lemma":"bösskott","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies knallen","gloss":"gunshot"}]},{"number":35,"label":"","id":"ch31-p9-s3","source":"Han gled genast fram under vingen och såg sig omkring helt förskräckt.","translation":"He slid quickly out from under the wing and looked around, thoroughly frightened.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gled","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"gled","lemma":"gled","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"slid"},{"surface":"genast","lemma":"genast","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gled","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gled","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"under","lemma":"under","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vingen","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"vingen","lemma":"ving","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gled","gloss":"wing"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"såg","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with gled","gloss":"saw","note":"past tense of se, 'to see.'"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of såg","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"omkring","lemma":"omkring","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies förskräckt","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"helt","lemma":"helt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies förskräckt","gloss":"quite"},{"surface":"förskräckt","lemma":"förskräckd","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"complement of såg","gloss":"frightened"}]},{"number":36,"label":"10","id":"ch31-p10-s1","source":"Ute på isen i gässens närhet var det alldeles stilla.","translation":"Out on the ice near the geese it was completely still.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ute","lemma":"ute","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stilla","gloss":"outside"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking isen","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"isen","lemma":"is","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of Ute","gloss":"ice"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking närhet","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"gässens","lemma":"gäss","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of närhet","gloss":"the geese's"},{"surface":"närhet","lemma":"närhet","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of Ute","gloss":"vicinity"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to stilla","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of stilla","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"alldeles","lemma":"alldeles","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stilla","gloss":"quite"},{"surface":"stilla","lemma":"stilla","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"still"}]},{"number":37,"label":"","id":"ch31-p10-s2","source":"Hur han spejade och spanade, kunde han inte se någon jägare.","translation":"However much he peered and scanned, he could not see any hunter.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hur","lemma":"hur","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies spejade","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of spejade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"spejade","lemma":"speja","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on se","gloss":"scanned"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"spanade","lemma":"spana","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with spejade","gloss":"searched"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of se","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of se","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies se","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"någon","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of jägare","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"jägare","lemma":"jägare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of se","gloss":"hunter"}]},{"number":38,"label":"","id":"ch31-p10-s3","source":"Men när han blickade åt land, såg han något så märkvärdigt, att han trodde, att det var ett slags spöksyn, som visade sig, någonting i samma väg som Vineta eller spökträdgården vid Stora Djulö.","translation":"But when he looked toward land, he saw something so strange that he thought it must be some kind of ghostly vision showing itself, something along the lines of Vineta or the phantom garden at Stora Djulö.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of blickade","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blickade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"blickade","lemma":"blicka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on såg","gloss":"looked/gazed"},{"surface":"åt","lemma":"åt","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking land","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"land","lemma":"land","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of blickade","gloss":"land"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"såg","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"saw","note":"past tense of se, 'to see.'"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"något","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of såg","gloss":"something"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies märkvärdigt","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"märkvärdigt","lemma":"märkvärdig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"complement of såg","gloss":"strange"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of trodde","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of trodde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"trodde","lemma":"tro","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of såg","gloss":"believed"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of spöksyn","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of spöksyn","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to spöksyn","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of slags","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"slags","lemma":"slag","morphology":"noun, genitive, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of spöksyn","gloss":"kind of","note":"Genitive 'slags' used in the fixed phrase 'ett slags'/'vad för slags' = 'a kind of'/'what kind of'."},{"surface":"spöksyn","lemma":"spöksyn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clausal complement of såg","gloss":"ghostly vision"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of visade","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"visade","lemma":"visa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"depends on spöksyn","gloss":"showed"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of visade","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"någonting","lemma":"någonting","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies spöksyn","gloss":"something","note":"Indefinite pronoun, mistagged here as an adverb."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking väg","gloss":"along"},{"surface":"samma","lemma":"samma","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of väg","gloss":"the same"},{"surface":"väg","lemma":"väg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of någonting","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of Vineta","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"Vineta","lemma":"Vineta","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"clause modifying väg","gloss":"Vineta"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"spökträdgården","lemma":"spökträdgård","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Vineta","gloss":"the phantom garden"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Djulö","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"Stora","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies Djulö","gloss":"big","note":"weak/definite form (stora), used with a singular definite noun, e.g. den stora länstolen."},{"surface":"Djulö","lemma":"Djulö","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"modifies spökträdgården","gloss":"Djulö"}]},{"number":39,"label":"11","id":"ch31-p11-s1","source":"Under eftermiddagen hade vildgässen flera gånger farit fram och tillbaka över den stora sjön, innan de hade kunnat bestämma var de skulle slå ner.","translation":"During the afternoon the wild geese had flown back and forth several times over the great lake before they could decide where to land.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Under","lemma":"under","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking eftermiddagen","gloss":"during"},{"surface":"eftermiddagen","lemma":"eftermiddag","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of hade","gloss":"afternoon"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of farit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"flera","lemma":"flera","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies gånger","gloss":"several"},{"surface":"gånger","lemma":"gång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of farit","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"farit","lemma":"fara","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"traveled"},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on farit","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tillbaka","lemma":"tillbaka","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with fram","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sjön","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of sjön","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stora","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies sjön","gloss":"big","note":"weak/definite form (stora), used with a singular definite noun, e.g. den stora länstolen."},{"surface":"sjön","lemma":"sjö","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of fram","gloss":"lake"},{"surface":"innan","lemma":"innan","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of bestämma","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of bestämma","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of bestämma","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"kunnat","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, supine","role":"auxiliary of bestämma","gloss":"been able to"},{"surface":"bestämma","lemma":"bestämma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on farit","gloss":"decide"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies slå","gloss":"was","note":"This is the past tense \"var\" of vara (\"to be\"), not an adverb; the parser mistagged it."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of slå","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of slå","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"slå","lemma":"slå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of bestämma","gloss":"land"},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on slå","gloss":"down"}]},{"number":40,"label":"","id":"ch31-p11-s2","source":"Medan de flögo, hade de visat honom de stora kyrkor och byar, som lågo på stränderna.","translation":"While they flew, they had shown him the great churches and villages that lay along the shores.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"flögo / lågo","title":"Archaic strong-verb plural preterite","body":"«flögo» ('flew') and «lågo» ('lay') are pre-reform plural preterite forms of the strong verbs «flyga» and «ligga» — matched to a plural subject («de»). Modern Swedish collapsed these to the singular forms «flög» and «låg» for every subject."}],"words":[{"surface":"Medan","lemma":"medan","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of flögo","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of flögo","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"flögo","lemma":"flögo","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on visat","gloss":"flew","note":"Past plural of flyga; mistagged as present tense."},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of visat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of visat","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"visat","lemma":"visa","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"shown"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of visat","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of kyrkor","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"stora","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies kyrkor","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"kyrkor","lemma":"kyrka","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of visat","gloss":"churches"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"byar","lemma":"byar","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"coordinated with kyrkor","gloss":"villages"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of lågo","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"lågo","lemma":"lågo","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"complement of visat","gloss":"lay","note":"mistagged as a noun; this is the archaic plural past tense of ligga 'to lie' (they lay)."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking stränderna","gloss":"along"},{"surface":"stränderna","lemma":"strand","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of lågo","gloss":"shores"}]},{"number":41,"label":"","id":"ch31-p11-s3","source":"Han hade sett Leksand, Rättvik, Mora, Sollerön.","translation":"He had seen Leksand, Rättvik, Mora, Sollerön.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sett","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of sett","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"sett","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"seen"},{"surface":"Leksand","lemma":"Leksand","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"direct object of sett","gloss":"Leksand"},{"surface":"Rättvik","lemma":"Rättvik","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with Leksand","gloss":"Rättvik"},{"surface":"Mora","lemma":"Mora","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with Leksand","gloss":"Mora"},{"surface":"Sollerön","lemma":"Sollerön","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with Leksand","gloss":"Sollerön"}]},{"number":42,"label":"","id":"ch31-p11-s4","source":"Byarna närmast kyrkorna voro stora som småstäder, och han hade förvånat sig över att det var så bebyggt här uppe i norden.","translation":"The villages nearest the churches were as large as small towns, and he had marveled that it was so built up here in the north.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Leksand, Rättvik, Mora, Sollerön","title":"Villages of Lake Siljan","body":"These are real parishes ringing Lake Siljan in Dalarna, each still known for its own variant of folk dress and midsummer/Walpurgis customs — part of the book's running geography lesson on Sweden's provinces («landskap»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Byarna","lemma":"by","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of stora","gloss":"the villages"},{"surface":"närmast","lemma":"nära","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Byarna","gloss":"nearest","note":"Type lumps the positive, comparative, and superlative forms of nära."},{"surface":"kyrkorna","lemma":"kyrka","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies Byarna","gloss":"churches"},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies Byarna","gloss":"were","note":"archaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective."},{"surface":"stora","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking småstäder","gloss":"as","note":"Functions as relative pronoun/conjunction, not a true preposition."},{"surface":"småstäder","lemma":"småstäd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of stora","gloss":"small towns"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of förvånat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"förvånat","lemma":"förvåna","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with stora","gloss":"marveled"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of förvånat","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of bebyggt","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of bebyggt","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with bebyggt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to bebyggt","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bebyggt","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"bebyggt","lemma":"bebygg","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"adverbial clause on förvånat","gloss":"built up"},{"surface":"här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bebyggt","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"uppe","lemma":"uppe","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bebyggt","gloss":"up high"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking norden","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"norden","lemma":"nord","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of bebyggt","gloss":"the north"}]},{"number":43,"label":"","id":"ch31-p11-s5","source":"Hela trakten hade synts honom ljus och leende, långt mer än han hade väntat.","translation":"The whole region had seemed to him bright and smiling, far more than he had expected.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hela","lemma":"hel","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies trakten","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"trakten","lemma":"trakt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of synts","gloss":"region"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of synts","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"synts","lemma":"synts","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"seemed"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of synts","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"ljus","lemma":"ljus","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of synts","gloss":"light"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"leende","lemma":"leende","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with ljus","gloss":"smile"},{"surface":"långt","lemma":"långt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies mer","gloss":"far"},{"surface":"mer","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with ljus","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of väntat","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of väntat","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of väntat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"väntat","lemma":"väntaa","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on mer","gloss":"expected","note":"Supine of 'vänta': 'väntat' = 'expected' in most tokens but 'väntat på svar' = 'had been waiting for an answer' — genuinely polysemous (expect vs. wait)."}]},{"number":44,"label":"","id":"ch31-p11-s6","source":"Han hade inte märkt något, som var hemskt eller skrämmande.","translation":"He had not noticed anything that was grim or frightening.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of märkt","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of märkt","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies märkt","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"märkt","lemma":"märka","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"noticed"},{"surface":"något","lemma":"någon","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of märkt","gloss":"anything"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of hemskt","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to hemskt","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"hemskt","lemma":"hemskt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"relative clause on något","gloss":"dreadful"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"skrämmande","lemma":"skrämmande","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"coordinated with hemskt","gloss":"frightening"}]},{"number":45,"label":"12","id":"ch31-p12-s1","source":"Men nu i mörka natten flammade på dessa samma stränder en lång krans av höga eldar.","translation":"But now, in the dark of night, a long garland of tall fires blazed along these same shores.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies flammade","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking natten","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"mörka","lemma":"mörk","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies natten","gloss":"dark"},{"surface":"natten","lemma":"natt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of flammade","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"flammade","lemma":"flamma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"blazed"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking stränder","gloss":"along"},{"surface":"dessa","lemma":"denna","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of stränder","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"samma","lemma":"samma","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of stränder","gloss":"the same"},{"surface":"stränder","lemma":"stränd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of flammade","gloss":"shores"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of krans","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"lång","lemma":"lång","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies krans","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"krans","lemma":"krans","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of flammade","gloss":"garland"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking eldar","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"höga","lemma":"hög","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies eldar","gloss":"tall"},{"surface":"eldar","lemma":"eld","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies krans","gloss":"fires"}]},{"number":46,"label":"","id":"ch31-p12-s2","source":"Han såg dem låga i Mora vid norra ändan av sjön, på stranden av Sollerön, i Vikarbyn, på höjderna ovan byn Sjurberg, på kyrkudden vid Rättvik, på Lerdalsberget och så vidare på uddar och kullar ända bort mot Leksand.","translation":"He saw them burning low at Mora at the north end of the lake, on the shore of Sollerön, in Vikarbyn, on the heights above the village of Sjurberg, on the church point at Rättvik, on Lerdalsberget, and so on, on points of land and hills all the way toward Leksand.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"saw"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of såg","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"låga","lemma":"låg","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"complement of såg","gloss":"low"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Mora","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"Mora","lemma":"Mora","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of såg","gloss":"Mora"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ändan","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"norra","lemma":"norra","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies ändan","gloss":"northern"},{"surface":"ändan","lemma":"ändan","morphology":"adverb","role":"oblique complement of såg","gloss":"end","note":"Noun 'ändan' (the end); mistagged as adverb."},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sjön","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"sjön","lemma":"sjö","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies ändan","gloss":"lake"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking stranden","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"stranden","lemma":"strand","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of såg","gloss":"shore"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Sollerön","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Sollerön","lemma":"Sollerön","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"modifies stranden","gloss":"Sollerön"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Vikarbyn","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Vikarbyn","lemma":"Vikarbyn","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of såg","gloss":"Vikarbyn"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking höjderna","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"höjderna","lemma":"höjderna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of såg","gloss":"the heights"},{"surface":"ovan","lemma":"ovan","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies byn","gloss":"above","note":"Also occurs meaning 'unaccustomed' (ovan att flyga = unused to flying), a distinct sense from locative 'above'."},{"surface":"byn","lemma":"byn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Sjurberg","gloss":"village"},{"surface":"Sjurberg","lemma":"Sjurberg","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"in apposition to höjderna","gloss":"Sjurberg"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking kyrkudden","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"kyrkudden","lemma":"kyrkudd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Sjurberg","gloss":"church point"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Rättvik","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"Rättvik","lemma":"Rättvik","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"modifies kyrkudden","gloss":"Rättvik"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Lerdalsberget","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"Lerdalsberget","lemma":"Lerdalsberg","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of såg","gloss":"Lerdalsberget"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies uddar","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"vidare","lemma":"vidare","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies så","gloss":"further"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking uddar","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"uddar","lemma":"udd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with Lerdalsberget","gloss":"headlands"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"kullar","lemma":"kull","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with uddar","gloss":"hills"},{"surface":"ända","lemma":"ända","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bort","gloss":"all the way"},{"surface":"bort","lemma":"bort","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kullar","gloss":"away"},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Leksand","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"Leksand","lemma":"Leksand","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of uddar","gloss":"Leksand"}]},{"number":47,"label":"","id":"ch31-p12-s3","source":"Han kunde räkna till mer än hundra eldar, och det var honom alldeles omöjligt att begripa var de hade kommit ifrån, om det inte var trolldom eller spökeri med i spelet.","translation":"He could count more than a hundred fires, and it was utterly impossible for him to understand where they had come from, unless there was witchcraft or sorcery involved.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of räkna","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of räkna","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"räkna","lemma":"räkna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to count"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking eldar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"mer","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hundra","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase mer","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"hundra","lemma":"hundra","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies eldar","gloss":"hundred"},{"surface":"eldar","lemma":"elda","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of räkna","gloss":"fires"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to omöjligt","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"expletive with omöjligt","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"alldeles","lemma":"alldeles","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies omöjligt","gloss":"quite"},{"surface":"omöjligt","lemma":"omöjlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with räkna","gloss":"impossible"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of begripa","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"begripa","lemma":"begripa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on omöjligt","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kommit","gloss":"was","note":"This is the past tense \"var\" of vara (\"to be\"), not an adverb; the parser mistagged it."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of kommit","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of kommit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"kommit","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"clausal complement of begripa","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"ifrån","lemma":"ifrån","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on kommit","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of trolldom","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with trolldom","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies trolldom","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to trolldom","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"trolldom","lemma":"trolldom","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial clause on kommit","gloss":"magic"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"spökeri","lemma":"spökeri","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with trolldom","gloss":"sorcery"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking spelet","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking spelet","gloss":"involved"},{"surface":"spelet","lemma":"spel","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of trolldom","gloss":"involved"}]},{"number":48,"label":"13","id":"ch31-p13-s1","source":"Vildgässen hade också vaknat vid skottet, men så snart som Akka hade kastat en blick över stranden, sade hon: »Det är människobarnen, som leker.»","translation":"The wild geese had also woken at the shot, but as soon as Akka had cast a glance over the shore, she said: »It's the human children, playing.»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässen","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of vaknat","gloss":"the wild geese"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of vaknat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"också","lemma":"också","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vaknat","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"vaknat","lemma":"vakna","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"woken"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skottet","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"skottet","lemma":"skott","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of vaknat","gloss":"shot"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Akka","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"snart","lemma":"snart","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase så","gloss":"soon"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of Akka","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of kastat","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of kastat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"kastat","lemma":"kasta","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with vaknat","gloss":"cast"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of blick","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"blick","lemma":"blick","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of kastat","gloss":"glance"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking stranden","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"stranden","lemma":"strand","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kastat","gloss":"shore"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with vaknat","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with människobarnen","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to människobarnen","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"människobarnen","lemma":"människobarn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"human children"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of leker","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"leker","lemma":"leka","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on människobarnen","gloss":"plays"}]},{"number":49,"label":"","id":"ch31-p13-s2","source":"Och genast stucko hon och de andra gässen sina huvuden under vingarna och slumrade in på nytt.","translation":"And at once she and the other geese tucked their heads under their wings and dozed off again.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"stucko","title":"Archaic plural preterite of «sticka»","body":"«stucko» ('tucked/thrust') is the old plural preterite of the strong verb «sticka», paired with the plural subject 'she and the other geese'. Modern Swedish would simply use «stack» regardless of number."}],"words":[{"surface":"Och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"genast","lemma":"genast","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hon","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"stucko","lemma":"stucko","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies hon","gloss":"tucked","note":"Stucko is the historical plural past form of sticka, here meaning ‘tucked’."},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of gässen","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies gässen","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"gässen","lemma":"gässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with hon","gloss":"geese","note":"gässen is the plural definite of gås 'goose'; lemma is a normalized plural stem."},{"surface":"sina","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"possessor of huvuden","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"huvuden","lemma":"huvude","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"coordinated with hon","gloss":"heads"},{"surface":"under","lemma":"under","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vingarna","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"vingarna","lemma":"vingarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of hon","gloss":"the wings","note":"lemma should be vinge 'wing'."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"slumrade","lemma":"slumra","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with hon","gloss":"dozed off"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on slumrade","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nytt","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"nytt","lemma":"ny","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of slumrade","gloss":"new"}]},{"number":50,"label":"14","id":"ch31-p14-s1","source":"Men pojken stod och såg på eldarna, som prydde upp stranden likt en lång rad av guldsmycken.","translation":"But the boy stood and looked at the fires that decked the shore like a long row of golden jewels.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of stod","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"stod","lemma":"stå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"såg","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with stod","gloss":"saw","note":"past tense of se, 'to see.'"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking eldarna","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"eldarna","lemma":"eldarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of såg","gloss":"the fires"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of prydde","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"prydde","lemma":"prydde","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"relative clause on eldarna","gloss":"adorned"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on prydde","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"stranden","lemma":"strand","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of prydde","gloss":"shore"},{"surface":"likt","lemma":"likt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies prydde","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of rad","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"lång","lemma":"lång","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies rad","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"rad","lemma":"rad","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of prydde","gloss":"row"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking guldsmycken","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"guldsmycken","lemma":"guldsmyck","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"modifies rad","gloss":"golden jewels"}]},{"number":51,"label":"","id":"ch31-p14-s2","source":"Han drogs lika mycket till ljus och värme som en liten mygga, och han ville gärna gå närmare, men han visste inte om han skulle våga lämna gässen.","translation":"He was drawn to the light and warmth just as much as a little moth, and he wanted very much to go closer, but he did not know whether he dared leave the geese.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of passive drogs","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"drogs","lemma":"drogs","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was drawn"},{"surface":"lika","lemma":"lika","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies mycket","gloss":"equally"},{"surface":"mycket","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies drogs","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ljus","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ljus","lemma":"ljus","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of drogs","gloss":"light"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"värme","lemma":"värme","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with ljus","gloss":"warmth"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of mygga","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of mygga","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"liten","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies mygga","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"mygga","lemma":"mygga","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial clause on drogs","gloss":"mosquito"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gå","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ville","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gå","gloss":"wanted to"},{"surface":"gärna","lemma":"gärna","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gå","gloss":"very much","note":"Type lumps together gärna (gladly) and its suppletive superlative helst (rather/most)."},{"surface":"gå","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with drogs","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"närmare","lemma":"nära","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gå","gloss":"closer","note":"Type lumps the positive, comparative, and superlative forms of nära."},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of visste","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"visste","lemma":"visste","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with drogs","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies visste","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of våga","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of våga","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of våga","gloss":"should"},{"surface":"våga","lemma":"våga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of visste","gloss":"to dare"},{"surface":"lämna","lemma":"lämna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of våga","gloss":"leave"},{"surface":"gässen","lemma":"gässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of lämna","gloss":"geese","note":"gässen is the plural definite of gås 'goose'; lemma is a normalized plural stem."}]},{"number":52,"label":"","id":"ch31-p14-s3","source":"Han hörde skott på skott, och när han nu förstod, att det inte var fara å färde, lockades han också av dessa.","translation":"He heard shot after shot, and once he understood that there was no danger, he was drawn by these too.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hörde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hörde","lemma":"höra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"skott","lemma":"skott","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of hörde","gloss":"shot"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skott","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"skott","lemma":"skott","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of hörde","gloss":"shot"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"modifies förstod","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of förstod","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies förstod","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"förstod","lemma":"förstå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with hörde","gloss":"understood"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fara","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with fara","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies fara","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to fara","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"fara","lemma":"fara","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clausal complement of förstod","gloss":"danger","note":"some listed surfaces (fara, far) are actually forms of the unrelated verb fara 'to travel/go'; gloss the noun sense danger for the noun-tagged type."},{"surface":"å","lemma":"å","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking färde","gloss":"afoot","note":"Mostly used as the noun for a small river (Ronneby å); the idiom fara å färde 'be afoot/underway' is an old prepositional use."},{"surface":"färde","lemma":"färde","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies fara","gloss":"afoot","note":"Archaic noun surviving only in the idiom 'fara å färde', 'danger afoot/about'."},{"surface":"lockades","lemma":"lockades","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, passive","role":"coordinated with hörde","gloss":"was drawn"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lockades","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"också","lemma":"också","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lockades","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dessa","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"dessa","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"agent of lockades","gloss":"these"}]},{"number":53,"label":"","id":"ch31-p14-s4","source":"Det tycktes, som om de voro så glada därborta vid eldarna, att det inte var nog för dem att skratta och ropa, utan de måste ta till bössorna och skjuta.","translation":"It seemed as though they were so joyful over there by the fires that laughing and shouting was not enough for them — they had to take up their guns and shoot as well.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of tycktes","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"tycktes","lemma":"tycktes","morphology":"verb, past, indicative","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"seemed"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"subject of glada","gloss":"as though"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"preposition marking voro","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"determiner of voro","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"oblique complement of glada","gloss":"were","note":"mistagged as a pronoun; this is the archaic plural past tense of vara 'to be'."},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies glada","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"glada","lemma":"glad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"adverbial clause on tycktes","gloss":"glad"},{"surface":"därborta","lemma":"därborta","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies glada","gloss":"over there"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking eldarna","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"eldarna","lemma":"eld","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of därborta","gloss":"fires"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of skratta","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of skratta","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies skratta","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to skratta","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"nog","lemma":"nog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"enough"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"oblique complement of nog","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of skratta","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"skratta","lemma":"skratta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on glada","gloss":"laugh"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ropa","lemma":"ropa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with skratta","gloss":"to call out"},{"surface":"utan","lemma":"utan","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but rather","note":"follows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of ta","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"måste","lemma":"måste","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ta","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"ta","lemma":"ta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with tycktes","gloss":"to take"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bössorna","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"bössorna","lemma":"bössorna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of ta","gloss":"the guns"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"skjuta","lemma":"skjuta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with ta","gloss":"shoot"}]},{"number":54,"label":"","id":"ch31-p14-s5","source":"Och nu kastade de upp raketer vid ett bål, som brann på ett berg.","translation":"And now they sent up rockets by a bonfire that was burning on a hill.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kastade","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"kastade","lemma":"kasta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"threw"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of kastade","gloss":"they","note":"surfaces are actually the plural pronoun de, not a form of en."},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kastade","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"raketer","lemma":"raket","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of kastade","gloss":"rockets"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bål","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of bål","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"bål","lemma":"bål","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies raketer","gloss":"bonfire"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of brann","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"brann","lemma":"brann","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"relative clause on raketer","gloss":"burned"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking berg","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of berg","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"berg","lemma":"berg","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of brann","gloss":"mountain"}]},{"number":55,"label":"","id":"ch31-p14-s6","source":"Där hade de en stor eld, och högt uppe låg den, men det var inte nog.","translation":"There they had a great fire, and it stood high up, but that was not enough.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hade","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of eld","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies eld","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"eld","lemma":"eld","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"fire"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"högt","lemma":"hög","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies uppe","gloss":"high"},{"surface":"uppe","lemma":"uppe","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies låg","gloss":"up high"},{"surface":"låg","lemma":"låg","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with hade","gloss":"lay"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of låg","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of nog","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to nog","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies nog","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"nog","lemma":"nog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hade","gloss":"enough"}]},{"number":56,"label":"","id":"ch31-p14-s7","source":"De ville ha det än grannare.","translation":"They wanted it grander still.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of ha","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"ville","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ha","gloss":"wanted to"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to have"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of ha","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of grannare","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"grannare","lemma":"grannare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of ha","gloss":"grander","note":"The surfaces list wrongly merges two distinct words: comparative adjective 'grannare' (finer, grander) and the unrelated noun 'grannarna' (the neighbors)."}]},{"number":57,"label":"","id":"ch31-p14-s8","source":"Ända upp i himlens sky skulle det synas hur glada de voro.","translation":"Clear up into the sky of heaven it should be seen how joyful they were.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ända","lemma":"ända","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies upp","gloss":"clear up"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies synas","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sky","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"himlens","lemma":"himl","morphology":"noun, genitive, neuter, plural","role":"possessor of sky","gloss":"heaven's"},{"surface":"sky","lemma":"sky","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of upp","gloss":"cloud"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of synas","gloss":"should"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with synas","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"synas","lemma":"syna","morphology":"verb, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"be seen"},{"surface":"hur","lemma":"hur","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies glada","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"glada","lemma":"glad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"complement of synas","gloss":"glad"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of glada","gloss":"they","note":"surfaces are actually the plural pronoun de, not a form of en."},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"preposition marking glada","gloss":"were","note":"archaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective."}]},{"number":58,"label":"15","id":"ch31-p15-s1","source":"Pojken hade närmat sig stranden helt långsamt, men så nåddes han av några sångtoner.","translation":"The boy had approached the shore quite slowly, but then he was reached by some singing voices.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of närmat","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of närmat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"närmat","lemma":"närmat","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"approached"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"indirect object of närmat","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"stranden","lemma":"strand","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of närmat","gloss":"shore"},{"surface":"helt","lemma":"helt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies långsamt","gloss":"quite"},{"surface":"långsamt","lemma":"långsam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies närmat","gloss":"slowly"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies nåddes","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"nåddes","lemma":"nåda","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, passive","role":"coordinated with närmat","gloss":"was reached"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of nåddes","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sångtoner","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"några","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of sångtoner","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"sångtoner","lemma":"sångton","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of nåddes","gloss":"singing voices"}]},{"number":59,"label":"","id":"ch31-p15-s2","source":"Då började han springa fram mot land.","translation":"Then he began to run toward land.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies började","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"började","lemma":"börja","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"began"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of började","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"springa","lemma":"springa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of började","gloss":"to run","note":"One cited example uses the homograph springa \"slit/crack\" (a different noun); this type is the infinitive verb \"to run\"."},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies springa","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking land","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"land","lemma":"land","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of fram","gloss":"land"}]},{"number":60,"label":"","id":"ch31-p15-s3","source":"Det här fick han allt lov att vara med om.","translation":"This he simply had to be part of.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of fick","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase Det","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"fick","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had to"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fick","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"allt","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"modifies lov","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"lov","lemma":"lov","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of fick","gloss":"had to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of vara","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"vara","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on fick","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on vara","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vara","gloss":"part of"}]},{"number":61,"label":"16","id":"ch31-p16-s1","source":"Längst inne i Rättviken går en ofantligt lång ångbåtsbrygga ut från stranden, och ytterst på denna stod en skara sångare och sjöng ut över sjön i sena natten.","translation":"Far in at Rättviken an immensely long steamboat pier runs out from the shore, and at the very end of it stood a group of singers, singing out over the lake in the late night.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Rättviken","title":"The bay at Rättvik","body":"«Rättviken» names the inlet of Lake Siljan by the village of Rättvik — not to be confused with «Rättvik» itself, the village on its shore where the singers' pier stands."}],"words":[{"surface":"Längst","lemma":"Längst","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies inne","gloss":"farthest"},{"surface":"inne","lemma":"inne","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies går","gloss":"far in"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Rättviken","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Rättviken","lemma":"Rättviken","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of går","gloss":"Rättviken"},{"surface":"går","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"goes"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of ångbåtsbrygga","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ofantligt","lemma":"ofantlig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lång","gloss":"immensely"},{"surface":"lång","lemma":"lång","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies ångbåtsbrygga","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"ångbåtsbrygga","lemma":"ångbåtsbrygga","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of går","gloss":"steamboat pier"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies går","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"från","lemma":"från","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking stranden","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"stranden","lemma":"strand","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ut","gloss":"shore"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ytterst","lemma":"ytterst","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies denna","gloss":"at the very edge"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking denna","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"denna","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stod","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"stod","lemma":"stå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with går","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of skara","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"skara","lemma":"skara","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies sångare","gloss":"flock"},{"surface":"sångare","lemma":"sångare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of stod","gloss":"singers"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sjöng","lemma":"sjöng","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with stod","gloss":"sang"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on sjöng","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sjön","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"sjön","lemma":"sjö","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sjöng","gloss":"lake"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking natten","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"sena","lemma":"sen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies natten","gloss":"late"},{"surface":"natten","lemma":"natt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sjöng","gloss":"night"}]},{"number":62,"label":"","id":"ch31-p16-s2","source":"Det var, som om de hade menat, att våren likasom vildgässen sov ute på Siljans is och de ville väcka honom.","translation":"It was as though they meant that spring, like the wild geese, was sleeping out on the ice of Siljan, and they wanted to wake it.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Det","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of menat","gloss":"as though"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of menat","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of menat","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of menat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"menat","lemma":"mena","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"depends on Det","gloss":"meant"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sov","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"våren","lemma":"vår","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies vildgässen","gloss":"spring"},{"surface":"likasom","lemma":"likasom","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sov","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"sov","lemma":"sova","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of menat","gloss":"slept"},{"surface":"ute","lemma":"ute","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on sov","gloss":"outside"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking is","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"Siljans","lemma":"Siljans","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of is","gloss":"Siljan's"},{"surface":"is","lemma":"is","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sov","gloss":"ice"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of väcka","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"ville","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of väcka","gloss":"wanted to"},{"surface":"väcka","lemma":"väcka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with sov","gloss":"to wake"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of väcka","gloss":"him"}]},{"number":63,"label":"17","id":"ch31-p17-s1","source":"Sångarna började med »Jag vet ett land långt upp i höga nord», och sedan kom »Om sommaren sköna, när marken hon gläds, vid Dala två älvarna vida», därpå »Marschen går till Tuna», »Mandom, mod och morske män» och till sist »I Dalarna bodde, i Dalarna bor».","translation":"The singers began with »I Know a Land Far Up in the High North», and then came »In the Lovely Summer, When the Ground Rejoices, by Dalarna's Two Broad Rivers», then »The March Goes to Tuna», »Manhood, Courage, and Bold Men» and last of all »In Dalarna I Dwelt, In Dalarna I Dwell».","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sångarna","lemma":"Sångarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of började","gloss":"the singers"},{"surface":"började","lemma":"börja","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"began"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on började","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vet","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"vet","lemma":"veta","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"knows"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of land","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"land","lemma":"land","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of vet","gloss":"land"},{"surface":"långt","lemma":"långt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies upp","gloss":"far"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies nord","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nord","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"höga","lemma":"hög","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies nord","gloss":"tall"},{"surface":"nord","lemma":"nord","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of vet","gloss":"north"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sedan","lemma":"sedan","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with vet","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"Om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sköna","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"sommaren","lemma":"sommar","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies sköna","gloss":"summer"},{"surface":"sköna","lemma":"skön","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"adverbial clause on går","gloss":"beautiful"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gläds","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"marken","lemma":"mark","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gläds","gloss":"ground"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gläds","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"gläds","lemma":"gläds","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on sköna","gloss":"rejoices"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking älvarna","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"Dala","lemma":"Dala","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of två","gloss":"Dala"},{"surface":"två","lemma":"två","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies älvarna","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"älvarna","lemma":"älvarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of vida","gloss":"the rivers"},{"surface":"vida","lemma":"vid","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies »","gloss":"broad"},{"surface":"därpå","lemma":"därpå","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sköna","gloss":"then/after that"},{"surface":"Marschen","lemma":"Marschen","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of går","gloss":"the march"},{"surface":"går","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"goes"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Tuna","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Tuna","lemma":"Tuna","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of går","gloss":"Tuna"},{"surface":"Mandom","lemma":"Mandom","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with går","gloss":"manhood"},{"surface":"mod","lemma":"mod","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with Mandom","gloss":"courage"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"morske","lemma":"morske","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Mandom","gloss":"bold"},{"surface":"män","lemma":"man","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with Mandom","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies »","gloss":"last of all"},{"surface":"sist","lemma":"sist","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase till","gloss":"last"},{"surface":"I","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dalarna","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Dalarna","lemma":"Dalarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of bodde","gloss":"Dalarna","note":"Swedish province."},{"surface":"bodde","lemma":"bodde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"subject of bor","gloss":"lived"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dalarna","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Dalarna","lemma":"Dalarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of bodde","gloss":"Dalarna","note":"Swedish province."},{"surface":"bor","lemma":"bo","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lives"}]},{"number":64,"label":"","id":"ch31-p17-s2","source":"Det var alltsammans sånger om Dalarna.","translation":"It was all songs about Dalarna.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with sånger","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to sånger","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"alltsammans","lemma":"alltsamma","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"modifies sånger","gloss":"all of it"},{"surface":"sånger","lemma":"sånger","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"songs"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dalarna","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"Dalarna","lemma":"Dalarna","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"modifies sånger","gloss":"Dalarna"}]},{"number":65,"label":"","id":"ch31-p17-s3","source":"På ångbåtsbryggan brann ingen eld, och sångarna kunde inte se långt omkring sig.","translation":"On the steamboat pier no fire was burning, and the singers could not see far around them.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"På","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ångbåtsbryggan","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"ångbåtsbryggan","lemma":"ångbåtsbrygga","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of brann","gloss":"steamboat pier"},{"surface":"brann","lemma":"brann","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"was burning","note":"Actually the past tense of brinna \"to burn\", mislabeled as an adverb."},{"surface":"ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of eld","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"eld","lemma":"eld","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of brann","gloss":"fire"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sångarna","lemma":"sångarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of se","gloss":"the singers"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of se","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies se","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with brann","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"långt","lemma":"långt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies se","gloss":"far"},{"surface":"omkring","lemma":"omkring","morphology":"adverb","role":"preposition marking sig","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"oblique complement of se","gloss":"themselves"}]},{"number":66,"label":"","id":"ch31-p17-s4","source":"Men med tonerna steg bilden av deras land upp för dem och för alla, som hörde dem, ljusare och älskligare, än om det hade varit dager.","translation":"But with the notes, the image of their land rose up before them and before all who heard them, brighter and lovelier than if it had been broad daylight.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tonerna","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"tonerna","lemma":"ton","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of steg","gloss":"notes"},{"surface":"steg","lemma":"stiga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"rose"},{"surface":"bilden","lemma":"bild","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of steg","gloss":"the image"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking land","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"deras","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of land","gloss":"their","note":"possessive form deras of the plural pronoun de."},{"surface":"land","lemma":"land","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies bilden","gloss":"land"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bilden","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"oblique complement of upp","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking alla","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"coordinated with dem","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of hörde","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"hörde","lemma":"höra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on alla","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of hörde","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"ljusare","lemma":"ljus","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"coordinated with hörde","gloss":"brighter"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"älskligare","lemma":"älsklig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"coordinated with hörde","gloss":"lovelier"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of dager","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of dager","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of dager","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of dager","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"varit","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, supine","role":"copula linking to dager","gloss":"been"},{"surface":"dager","lemma":"dager","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clause modifying bilden","gloss":"daylight"}]},{"number":67,"label":"","id":"ch31-p17-s5","source":"Det var, som om de hade velat beveka våren: »Se, ett sådant land, som ligger och väntar på dig!","translation":"It was as though they wanted to plead with spring: »Look, such a land, lying and waiting for you!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of beveka","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to beveka","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"subject of beveka","gloss":"as though"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of velat","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of velat","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of velat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"velat","lemma":"vela","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on beveka","gloss":"wanted","note":"lemma should be vilja 'to want'; velat is its supine form."},{"surface":"beveka","lemma":"beveka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to win over"},{"surface":"våren","lemma":"vår","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of beveka","gloss":"spring"},{"surface":"Se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"look"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of land","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"sådant","lemma":"sån","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies land","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"land","lemma":"land","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of Se","gloss":"land"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of ligger","gloss":"as","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"ligger","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on land","gloss":"lies"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"väntar","lemma":"vänta","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with ligger","gloss":"waits"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dig","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of väntar","gloss":"you"}]},{"number":68,"label":"","id":"ch31-p17-s6","source":"Skall du inte komma oss till hjälp?","translation":"Will you not come to our aid?","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Skall","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of komma","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of komma","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies komma","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"komma","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"oss","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of komma","gloss":"us"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hjälp","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"hjälp","lemma":"hjälp","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of komma","gloss":"help"}]},{"number":69,"label":"","id":"ch31-p17-s7","source":"Skall du låta vintern längre öva sitt förtryck över så vackra nejder?»","translation":"Will you let winter go on exercising its tyranny over such beautiful country?»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Skall","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of låta","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of låta","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"låta","lemma":"låta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to let"},{"surface":"vintern","lemma":"vinter","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of låta","gloss":"winter"},{"surface":"längre","lemma":"länge","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies öva","gloss":"longer"},{"surface":"öva","lemma":"öva","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of låta","gloss":"exercising"},{"surface":"sitt","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of förtryck","gloss":"his own","note":"possessive reflexive sitt, agreeing with a neuter noun."},{"surface":"förtryck","lemma":"förtryck","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of öva","gloss":"tyranny"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nejder","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vackra","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"vackra","lemma":"vacker","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies nejder","gloss":"beautiful"},{"surface":"nejder","lemma":"nejd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of öva","gloss":"regions"}]},{"number":70,"label":"18","id":"ch31-p18-s1","source":"Så länge som sången varade, stod Nils Holgersson och lyssnade till den, men när den upphörde, skyndade han mot land.","translation":"As long as the song lasted, Nils Holgersson stood and listened to it, but when it ended, he hurried toward land.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies länge","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"länge","lemma":"länge","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"as long as"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of varade","gloss":"as","note":"Adverbial/conjunctive use of som ('as/just as'), distinct from its usual relative-pronoun sense."},{"surface":"sången","lemma":"sång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of varade","gloss":"song"},{"surface":"varade","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"depends on länge","gloss":"lasted"},{"surface":"stod","lemma":"stå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to länge","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"Nils","lemma":"Nils","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of stod","gloss":"Nils"},{"surface":"Holgersson","lemma":"Holgersson","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"depends on Nils","gloss":"Holgersson"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lyssnade","lemma":"lyssna","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with stod","gloss":"listened"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking den","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of lyssnade","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of upphörde","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of passive upphörde","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"upphörde","lemma":"upphörde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on skyndade","gloss":"ceased/ended"},{"surface":"skyndade","lemma":"skynda","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to länge","gloss":"hurried"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of skyndade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking land","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"land","lemma":"land","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of skyndade","gloss":"land"}]},{"number":71,"label":"","id":"ch31-p18-s2","source":"Isen var borta längst inne i viken, men denna var så uppgrundad av sand, att han i alla fall kunde komma lyckligt fram till en eld, som låg i själva strandvallen.","translation":"The ice was gone farthest in at the bay, but this stretch was so shallowed with sand that he could still make his way safely to a fire that stood right at the edge of the shore.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Isen","lemma":"isen","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"the ice"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"borta","lemma":"borta","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"gone"},{"surface":"längst","lemma":"länge","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies inne","gloss":"farthest"},{"surface":"inne","lemma":"inne","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"farthest in"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking viken","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"viken","lemma":"vik","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of inne","gloss":"bay"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"denna","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of uppgrundad","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to uppgrundad","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies uppgrundad","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"uppgrundad","lemma":"uppgrundad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with var","gloss":"shallowed"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sand","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sand","lemma":"sand","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"agent of uppgrundad","gloss":"sand"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of komma","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of komma","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fall","gloss":"all the same"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of fall","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"fall","lemma":"fall","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of komma","gloss":"cases"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of komma","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"komma","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clause modifying sand","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"lyckligt","lemma":"lycklig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies komma","gloss":"safely","note":"lyckligt often means \"safely/successfully,\" not just \"happily\" — a minor false-friend trap."},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on komma","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking eld","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of eld","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"eld","lemma":"eld","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of fram","gloss":"fire"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of låg","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"låg","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on eld","gloss":"lay"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking strandvallen","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"själva","lemma":"själv","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies strandvallen","gloss":"right at","note":"Surface \"själva\" is the plural/emphatic form of själv and can mean \"themselves\" or intensify \"the very.\""},{"surface":"strandvallen","lemma":"strandvall","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of låg","gloss":"shore bank"}]},{"number":72,"label":"","id":"ch31-p18-s3","source":"Han smög sig med stor försiktighet så nära, att han kunde se människorna, som sutto och stodo bredvid elden, och höra vad de sade.","translation":"He crept up with great care, close enough that he could see the people who sat and stood beside the fire, and hear what they said.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of smög","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"smög","lemma":"smöga","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"crept/slipped","note":"Past tense of smyga ('to creep/slip'); lemma mislabeled 'smöga'."},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of smög","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking försiktighet","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies försiktighet","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"försiktighet","lemma":"försiktighet","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of smög","gloss":"caution"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies nära","gloss":"enough"},{"surface":"nära","lemma":"nära","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies smög","gloss":"close enough","note":"Type lumps the positive, comparative, and superlative forms of nära."},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of se","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of se","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on smög","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"människorna","lemma":"människa","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of se","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies sutto","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"sutto","lemma":"sutto","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"in apposition to människorna","gloss":"sat","note":"Old plural past tense of sitta ('to sit'), mistagged here as a noun."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"stodo","lemma":"stodo","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with se","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"bredvid","lemma":"bredvid","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stodo","gloss":"nearby"},{"surface":"elden","lemma":"eld","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of stodo","gloss":"fire"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"höra","lemma":"höra","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with se","gloss":"to hear"},{"surface":"vad","lemma":"vad","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of sade","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of höra","gloss":"said"}]},{"number":73,"label":"","id":"ch31-p18-s4","source":"Och återigen började han undra över vad det var han såg och fråga sig om det inte bara var en syn.","translation":"And once again he began to wonder what it was he was seeing and to ask himself whether it was not merely a vision.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"återigen","lemma":"återig","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies började","gloss":"again","note":"This is the adverb återigen 'again', mistagged as a noun."},{"surface":"började","lemma":"börja","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"began"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of började","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"undra","lemma":"undra","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of började","gloss":"to wonder"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of var","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"vad","lemma":"vad","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of var","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on började","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"såg","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on var","gloss":"saw","note":"past tense of se, 'to see.'"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fråga","lemma":"fråga","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with såg","gloss":"question"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of såg","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of syn","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of syn","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies syn","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"bara","lemma":"bara","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies syn","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to syn","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of syn","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"syn","lemma":"syn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of såg","gloss":"sight"}]},{"number":74,"label":"","id":"ch31-p18-s5","source":"Han hade aldrig förr sett människor klädda på detta sättet.","translation":"He had never before seen people dressed in this fashion.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of klädda","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of klädda","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"aldrig","lemma":"aldrig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies klädda","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"förr","lemma":"förr","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies klädda","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"sett","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on förr","gloss":"seen"},{"surface":"människor","lemma":"människa","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of klädda","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"klädda","lemma":"klädda","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"dressed"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sättet","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of sättet","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"sättet","lemma":"sätt","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of klädda","gloss":"way"}]},{"number":75,"label":"","id":"ch31-p18-s6","source":"Kvinnorna hade svarta, toppiga hättor på huvudet, små vita skinnjackor, rosiga schaletter om halsen, gröna sidenliv och svarta kjolar med en framvåd, som var randad i vitt, rött, grönt och svart.","translation":"The women had black, pointed hoods on their heads, little white sheepskin jackets, rosy kerchiefs about their necks, green silk bodices, and black skirts with a front panel striped in white, red, green, and black.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"sidenliv","title":"Folk-costume bodice","body":"A «sidenliv» is a laced silk bodice worn over a blouse as part of a woman's «folkdräkt» (regional folk costume) — one of several garment terms in this passage describing the Siljan-district dress Nils has never seen before."}],"words":[{"surface":"Kvinnorna","lemma":"Kvinnorna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"the women"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"svarta","lemma":"svart","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"indirect object of hade","gloss":"black"},{"surface":"toppiga","lemma":"toppig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies hättor","gloss":"pointed"},{"surface":"hättor","lemma":"hätta","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with hade","gloss":"hoods"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking huvudet","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"huvudet","lemma":"huvud","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies hättor","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"små","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies skinnjackor","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"vita","lemma":"vit","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies skinnjackor","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"skinnjackor","lemma":"skinnjacka","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"in apposition to hättor","gloss":"sheepskin jackets"},{"surface":"rosiga","lemma":"rosig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies schaletter","gloss":"rosy"},{"surface":"schaletter","lemma":"schalett","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with skinnjackor","gloss":"kerchiefs"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking halsen","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"halsen","lemma":"halse","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies skinnjackor","gloss":"neck"},{"surface":"gröna","lemma":"grön","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies sidenliv","gloss":"green"},{"surface":"sidenliv","lemma":"sidenliv","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"coordinated with halsen","gloss":"silk bodices"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"svarta","lemma":"svart","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies kjolar","gloss":"black"},{"surface":"kjolar","lemma":"kjol","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with halsen","gloss":"skirts"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking framvåd","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of framvåd","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"framvåd","lemma":"framvåd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies kjolar","gloss":"front panel"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of randad","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to randad","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"randad","lemma":"randa","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"relative clause on hättor","gloss":"striped"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vitt","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"vitt","lemma":"vida","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of randad","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"rött","lemma":"rött","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with vitt","gloss":"red"},{"surface":"grönt","lemma":"grön","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with vitt","gloss":"green"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"svart","lemma":"svar","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with vitt","gloss":"black","note":"The lemma should be svart (\"black\"); the parser mistagged the surface \"svart\" under the noun svar (\"answer\")."}]},{"number":76,"label":"","id":"ch31-p18-s7","source":"Karlarna hade runda, lågkulliga hattar, blåa rockar med rödkantade sömmar, gula skinnbyxor, som räckte till knäna och voro fästa med röda, tofsprydda strumpeband.","translation":"The men had round, low-crowned hats, blue coats with red-edged seams, yellow leather breeches that reached to the knee and were fastened with red, tasseled garters.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"voro fästa","title":"Archaic plural «vara» + supine as passive","body":"«voro» is the old plural preterite of «vara»; combined with the supine «fästa» ('fastened') it forms a passive: 'were fastened'. This whole construction — plural copula plus participle — reads as distinctly archaic to a modern Swedish speaker."}],"words":[{"surface":"Karlarna","lemma":"Karlarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"the men"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"runda","lemma":"rund","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies hade","gloss":"round"},{"surface":"lågkulliga","lemma":"lågkullig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies hattar","gloss":"low-crowned"},{"surface":"hattar","lemma":"hatta","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with hade","gloss":"hats"},{"surface":"blåa","lemma":"blå","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies rockar","gloss":"blue"},{"surface":"rockar","lemma":"rocka","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with hade","gloss":"coats"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sömmar","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"rödkantade","lemma":"rödkantad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies sömmar","gloss":"red-edged"},{"surface":"sömmar","lemma":"sömm","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies rockar","gloss":"seams"},{"surface":"gula","lemma":"gul","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies skinnbyxor","gloss":"yellow"},{"surface":"skinnbyxor","lemma":"skinnbyxor","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"in apposition to rockar","gloss":"leather breeches"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of räckte","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"räckte","lemma":"räcka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on skinnbyxor","gloss":"reached"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking knäna","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"knäna","lemma":"knäna","morphology":"noun, neuter","role":"oblique complement of räckte","gloss":"the knees"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with räckte","gloss":"were","note":"archaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective."},{"surface":"fästa","lemma":"fästa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clause modifying skinnbyxor","gloss":"fastened"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking strumpeband","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"röda","lemma":"röd","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies strumpeband","gloss":"red"},{"surface":"tofsprydda","lemma":"tofsprydd","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies strumpeband","gloss":"tasseled"},{"surface":"strumpeband","lemma":"strumpeband","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of fästa","gloss":"garter"}]},{"number":77,"label":"","id":"ch31-p18-s8","source":"Han visste inte om det bara berodde på dräkterna, men han tyckte, att människorna sågo helt annorlunda ut här än på andra håll, mycket ståtligare och förnämare.","translation":"He did not know whether it was simply the costumes, but he thought the people looked altogether different here than elsewhere, much more stately and distinguished.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of visste","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"visste","lemma":"visste","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies visste","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of berodde","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of berodde","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"bara","lemma":"bara","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies berodde","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"berodde","lemma":"bero","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on visste","gloss":"was due to"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dräkterna","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"dräkterna","lemma":"dräkterna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of berodde","gloss":"the costumes"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tyckte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"tyckte","lemma":"tycka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with berodde","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sågo","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"människorna","lemma":"människa","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of sågo","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"sågo","lemma":"sågoa","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of tyckte","gloss":"saw","note":"Lemma/tag are corrupted; sågo is the plural past tense of se (\"saw\"), not a noun or present tense."},{"surface":"helt","lemma":"helt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies annorlunda","gloss":"quite"},{"surface":"annorlunda","lemma":"annorlunda","morphology":"adverb","role":"complement of sågo","gloss":"different"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on sågo","gloss":"look"},{"surface":"här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase ut","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking håll","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking håll","gloss":"elsewhere"},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies håll","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"håll","lemma":"håll","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of sågo","gloss":"directions"},{"surface":"mycket","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ståtligare","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"ståtligare","lemma":"ståtlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"complement of tyckte","gloss":"more stately"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"förnämare","lemma":"förnämare","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"coordinated with ståtligare","gloss":"more distinguished"}]},{"number":78,"label":"","id":"ch31-p18-s9","source":"Han hörde, att de talade med varandra, men på en lång stund kunde han ingenting förstå.","translation":"He heard that they were talking with one another, but for a long while he could not understand any of it.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hörde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hörde","lemma":"hörde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of talade","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of talade","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"talade","lemma":"tala","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"adverbial clause on hörde","gloss":"talked","note":"Tagged as an adjective but is talade, the past tense of tala, 'to talk'."},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking varandra","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"varandra","lemma":"varandra","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"oblique complement of talade","gloss":"each other"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking stund","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of stund","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"lång","lemma":"lång","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies stund","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"stund","lemma":"stund","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kunde","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kunde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ingenting","lemma":"ingenting","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of kunde","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"förstå","lemma":"förstå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of kunde","gloss":"understand"}]},{"number":79,"label":"","id":"ch31-p18-s10","source":"Han kom ihåg de granna dräkterna, som mor hade i sin kista, och som ingen hade velat nyttja på aldrig så länge, och han undrade om det inte var något slags gammalfolk, som han hade råkat få se, några av dem, som inte hade vandrat levande på jorden på hundra år.","translation":"He remembered the fine costumes his mother kept in her chest, which no one had ever cared to wear, and he wondered whether it was not some sort of folk from olden times he had chanced to see, some of those who had not walked living upon the earth for a hundred years.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"ihåg","lemma":"ihåg","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kom","gloss":"to mind (remember)","note":"only occurs in the fixed phrase komma ihåg 'to remember'."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of dräkterna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"granna","lemma":"grann","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies dräkterna","gloss":"fine"},{"surface":"dräkterna","lemma":"dräkterna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of kom","gloss":"the costumes"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"mor","lemma":"mor","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on dräkterna","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking kista","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of kista","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"kista","lemma":"kista","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of hade","gloss":"chest"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of nyttja","gloss":"which","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of nyttja","gloss":"no one"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of nyttja","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"velat","lemma":"vela","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"auxiliary of nyttja","gloss":"wanted","note":"lemma should be vilja 'to want'; velat is its supine form."},{"surface":"nyttja","lemma":"nyttja","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with hade","gloss":"to use"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of länge","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"aldrig","lemma":"aldrig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies länge","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies länge","gloss":"ever"},{"surface":"länge","lemma":"länge","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies nyttja","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of undrade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"undrade","lemma":"undra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with kom","gloss":"wondered"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gammalfolk","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of gammalfolk","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies gammalfolk","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to gammalfolk","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"något","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of slags","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"slags","lemma":"slag","morphology":"noun, genitive, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of gammalfolk","gloss":"kind of","note":"Genitive 'slags' used in the fixed phrase 'ett slags'/'vad för slags' = 'a kind of'/'what kind of'."},{"surface":"gammalfolk","lemma":"gammalfolk","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of kom","gloss":"folk from olden times"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of se","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of se","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of se","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"råkat","lemma":"råka","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on se","gloss":"chanced to"},{"surface":"få","lemma":"få","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of se","gloss":"get to"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"relative clause on gammalfolk","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"några","lemma":"någon","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"in apposition to gammalfolk","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"modifies några","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of levande","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies levande","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of levande","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"vandrat","lemma":"vandra","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"modifies levande","gloss":"wandered"},{"surface":"levande","lemma":"levande","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"relative clause on dem","gloss":"living"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking jorden","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"jorden","lemma":"jord","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of levande","gloss":"earth"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking år","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"hundra","lemma":"hundra","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies år","gloss":"hundred"},{"surface":"år","lemma":"år","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"modifies jorden","gloss":"years"}]},{"number":80,"label":"19","id":"ch31-p19-s1","source":"Men detta var sådant, som bara flög genom huvudet på honom och genast var borta igen, för han såg nog, att det var verkliga människor, som han hade framför sig.","translation":"But this was the kind of thing that only flitted through his head and was gone again at once, for he could see well enough that these were real people standing before him.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with sådant","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to sådant","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"sådant","lemma":"sån","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of flög","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"bara","lemma":"bara","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies flög","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"flög","lemma":"flög","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"depends on sådant","gloss":"flew"},{"surface":"genom","lemma":"genom","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking huvudet","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"huvudet","lemma":"huvud","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of flög","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking honom","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of flög","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"genast","lemma":"genast","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with flög","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"borta","lemma":"borta","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"gone"},{"surface":"igen","lemma":"igen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of såg","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on flög","gloss":"saw"},{"surface":"nog","lemma":"nog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies såg","gloss":"well enough"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of människor","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of människor","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to människor","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"verkliga","lemma":"verklig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies människor","gloss":"real"},{"surface":"människor","lemma":"människa","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"clausal complement of såg","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on människor","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"framför","lemma":"framför","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sig","gloss":"in front of"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"oblique complement of hade","gloss":"himself"}]},{"number":81,"label":"","id":"ch31-p19-s2","source":"Det var därför, att folket vid Siljan i tal och i dräkt och i skick har bevarat mer av det, som är förgånget, än man har gjort på andra håll, som han hade kommit att tänka så.","translation":"It was because the people by Siljan had, in speech and dress and custom, preserved more of what is past than people had done elsewhere, that he had come to think this way.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"därför","lemma":"därför","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of bevarat","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"folket","lemma":"folk","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of bevarat","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Siljan","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"Siljan","lemma":"Siljan","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies folket","gloss":"Siljan"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies bevarat","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"tal","lemma":"tal","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"part of the phrase i","gloss":"speech"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dräkt","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"dräkt","lemma":"dräkt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase i","gloss":"dress"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skick","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"skick","lemma":"skick","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"coordinated with i","gloss":"custom"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of bevarat","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"bevarat","lemma":"bevara","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"clausal complement of var","gloss":"preserved"},{"surface":"mer","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bevarat","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking det","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"en","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of bevarat","gloss":"it","note":"this type bundles three distinct functions of the neuter forms det/ett under one entry."},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of förgånget","gloss":"what","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to förgånget","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"förgånget","lemma":"förgånge","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on bevarat","gloss":"the past"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gjort","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjort","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gjort","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"gjort","lemma":"göra","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"clause modifying förgånget","gloss":"done"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking håll","gloss":"elsewhere"},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies håll","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"håll","lemma":"håll","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of gjort","gloss":"directions"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of tänka","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tänka","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tänka","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"kommit","lemma":"komma","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, supine","role":"auxiliary of tänka","gloss":"come","note":"in kommit att + infinitive, 'come to (do something)'."},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of tänka","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"tänka","lemma":"tänka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"relative clause on förgånget","gloss":"to think"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tänka","gloss":"this way"}]},{"number":82,"label":"20","id":"ch31-p20-s1","source":"Pojken märkte snart, att de, som sutto vid elden, talade om gamla tider.","translation":"The boy soon noticed that those sitting by the fire were talking about old times.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pojken","lemma":"pojken","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of märkte","gloss":"the boy"},{"surface":"märkte","lemma":"märka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"noticed"},{"surface":"snart","lemma":"snart","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies märkte","gloss":"soon"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of talade","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of talade","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of passive sutto","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"sutto","lemma":"sutto","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"relative clause on de","gloss":"sat","note":"Old plural past tense of sitta ('to sit'), mistagged here as a noun."},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking elden","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"elden","lemma":"eld","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sutto","gloss":"fire"},{"surface":"talade","lemma":"tala","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on märkte","gloss":"spoke"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tider","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"gamla","lemma":"gammal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies tider","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"tider","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of talade","gloss":"times"}]},{"number":83,"label":"","id":"ch31-p20-s2","source":"De berättade hur de hade haft det i sina unga år, då de hade måst vandra långa vägar ut till andra landskap för att genom sitt arbete skaffa bröd till hemmet.","translation":"They told how things had been for them in their young years, when they had had to walk long roads out to other provinces to earn bread for their homes through their labor.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of berättade","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"berättade","lemma":"berätta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"told"},{"surface":"hur","lemma":"hur","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies haft","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of haft","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of haft","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"haft","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"clausal complement of berättade","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of haft","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking år","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"sina","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"possessor of år","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"unga","lemma":"ung","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies år","gloss":"young"},{"surface":"år","lemma":"år","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of haft","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of hade","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of vandra","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"måst","lemma":"måst","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of vandra","gloss":"had to"},{"surface":"vandra","lemma":"vandra","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"parallel clause to berättade","gloss":"wander"},{"surface":"långa","lemma":"lång","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies vägar","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"vägar","lemma":"väg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of vandra","gloss":"roads"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vandra","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking landskap","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies landskap","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"landskap","lemma":"landskap","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of ut","gloss":"provinces"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of skaffa","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of skaffa","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"genom","lemma":"genom","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking arbete","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"sitt","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of arbete","gloss":"his own","note":"possessive reflexive sitt, agreeing with a neuter noun."},{"surface":"arbete","lemma":"arbete","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of skaffa","gloss":"work"},{"surface":"skaffa","lemma":"skaffa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on vandra","gloss":"to get"},{"surface":"bröd","lemma":"bröd","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of skaffa","gloss":"bread"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hemmet","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"hemmet","lemma":"hem","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of skaffa","gloss":"home"}]},{"number":84,"label":"","id":"ch31-p20-s3","source":"Han hörde flera berättelser, men det, som han sedan kom bäst ihåg, var vad en gammal kvinna hade upplevat.","translation":"He heard several stories, but the one he remembered best afterward was what an old woman had lived through.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hörde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hörde","lemma":"höra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"flera","lemma":"flera","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies berättelser","gloss":"several"},{"surface":"berättelser","lemma":"berättelse","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of hörde","gloss":"stories"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of upplevat","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of kom","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"sedan","lemma":"sedan","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on det","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"bäst","lemma":"bra","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"best"},{"surface":"ihåg","lemma":"ihåg","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies det","gloss":"to mind (remember)","note":"only occurs in the fixed phrase komma ihåg 'to remember'."},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"copula linking to upplevat","gloss":"was","note":"the surface var here is the past tense of vara 'to be', not the pronoun."},{"surface":"vad","lemma":"vad","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of upplevat","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of kvinna","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gammal","lemma":"gammal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies kvinna","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"kvinna","lemma":"kvinna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of upplevat","gloss":"woman"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of upplevat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"upplevat","lemma":"upplevat","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with hörde","gloss":"experienced"}]},{"number":85,"label":"21","id":"ch31-p21-s1","source":"MYR-KERSTIS BERÄTTELSE.","translation":"MYR-KERSTI'S STORY.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"MYR-KERSTIS","lemma":"MYR-KERSTIS","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies BERÄTTELSE","gloss":"MYR-KERSTI'S"},{"surface":"BERÄTTELSE","lemma":"BERÄTTELSE","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"STORY"}]},{"number":86,"label":"22","id":"ch31-p22-s1","source":"»Far och mor hade en liten gård i Östbjörka, men vi var många syskon, och hårda tider var det, så att när jag hade blivit sexton år, måste jag vandra hemifrån.","translation":"»Father and mother had a small farm in Östbjörka, but we were many siblings, and times were hard, so that when I had turned sixteen, I had to go out into the world from home.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Far","lemma":"far","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"mor","lemma":"mor","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Far","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on vandra","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of gård","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"liten","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies gård","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"gård","lemma":"gård","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"farm"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Östbjörka","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Östbjörka","lemma":"Östbjörka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of hade","gloss":"Östbjörka"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of syskon","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to syskon","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"många","lemma":"många","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies syskon","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"syskon","lemma":"syskon","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"coordinated with Östbjörka","gloss":"siblings"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hårda","lemma":"hård","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies tider","gloss":"hard"},{"surface":"tider","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with hade","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to vandra","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of vandra","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of blivit","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase så","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of blivit","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blivit","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of blivit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"blivit","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on vandra","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"sexton","lemma":"sexton","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies år","gloss":"sixteen"},{"surface":"år","lemma":"år","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"complement of blivit","gloss":"year"},{"surface":"måste","lemma":"måste","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of vandra","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vandra","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"vandra","lemma":"vandra","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"wander"},{"surface":"hemifrån","lemma":"hemifrån","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vandra","gloss":"from home"}]},{"number":87,"label":"","id":"ch31-p22-s2","source":"Vi drog då åstad en tjugu ungdomar härifrån Rättvik.","translation":"We set off then, some twenty young people from here in Rättvik.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of drog","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"drog","lemma":"drog","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of åstad","gloss":"drew"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies drog","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"åstad","lemma":"åstad","morphology":"verb, past, participle, common gender, singular, nominative","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"off","note":"Fixed adverbial particle used with verbs of motion (satte åstad, gav sig åstad = 'set off')."},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of ungdomar","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"tjugu","lemma":"tjugu","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"modifies ungdomar","gloss":"twenty","note":"Older spelling of tjugo, ‘twenty’."},{"surface":"ungdomar","lemma":"ungdom","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of åstad","gloss":"young people"},{"surface":"härifrån","lemma":"härifrån","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Rättvik","gloss":"from here"},{"surface":"Rättvik","lemma":"Rättvik","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of åstad","gloss":"Rättvik"}]},{"number":88,"label":"","id":"ch31-p22-s3","source":"Det var 1845 den 14 april, som jag första gången gick till Stockholm.","translation":"It was on the 14th of April, 1845, that I went to Stockholm for the first time.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to april","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of 14","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"april","lemma":"april","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gick","gloss":"April"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of gick","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"depends on som","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"första","lemma":"en","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies gången","gloss":"first","note":"surfaces are forms of första 'first', not the numeral en."},{"surface":"gången","lemma":"gång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gick","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"gick","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Stockholm","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Stockholm","lemma":"Stockholm","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of gick","gloss":"Stockholm"}]},{"number":89,"label":"","id":"ch31-p22-s4","source":"Till matsäck hade jag några kakor bröd och en kalvbog och litet ost.","translation":"For provisions I had a few loaves of bread and a shoulder of veal and a little cheese.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking matsäck","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"matsäck","lemma":"matsäck","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of hade","gloss":"provisions"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"några","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of kakor","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"kakor","lemma":"kaka","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"loaves"},{"surface":"bröd","lemma":"bröd","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"bread"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of kalvbog","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"kalvbog","lemma":"kalvbog","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with bröd","gloss":"shoulder of veal"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"litet","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies ost","gloss":"little"},{"surface":"ost","lemma":"ost","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with kalvbog","gloss":"cheese"}]},{"number":90,"label":"","id":"ch31-p22-s5","source":"Tjugufyra skilling var hela reskassan.","translation":"Twenty-four shillings was my entire travel fund.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"skilling","title":"Old sub-unit of currency","body":"A «skilling» was a small coin, 1/48 of a «riksdaler» before Sweden's 1855 decimalization; Myr-Kersti's story is full of such pre-decimal sums, marking her account as set in the 1840s–50s."}],"words":[{"surface":"Tjugufyra","lemma":"tjugufyra","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies skilling","gloss":"twenty-four"},{"surface":"skilling","lemma":"skilling","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of reskassan","gloss":"shilling","note":"Old Swedish coin, translated as 'shilling'."},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to reskassan","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"hela","lemma":"hel","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies reskassan","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"reskassan","lemma":"reskassa","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"the travel fund"}]},{"number":91,"label":"","id":"ch31-p22-s6","source":"I skinnsäcken hade jag lagt in den andra maten, som jag fick med mig, och skickat den i förväg med en skjutsbonde jämte en omgång arbetskläder.","translation":"In the knapsack I had packed the rest of the food I had been given, and sent it on ahead with a carting farmer, along with a change of work clothes.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"I","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skinnsäcken","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"skinnsäcken","lemma":"skinnsäck","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of lagt","gloss":"the knapsack"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of lagt","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lagt","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"lagt","lemma":"lägga","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"laid"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on lagt","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of maten","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies maten","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"maten","lemma":"mat","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of lagt","gloss":"food"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of fick","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fick","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"fick","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on maten","gloss":"was given"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mig","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of fick","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"skickat","lemma":"skickama","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with fick","gloss":"sent"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of skickat","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies skickat","gloss":"in advance"},{"surface":"förväg","lemma":"förväg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase i","gloss":"advance","note":"Almost always in the phrase 'i förväg', meaning 'ahead/in advance'."},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skjutsbonde","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of skjutsbonde","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"skjutsbonde","lemma":"skjutsbonde","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"adverbial clause on skickat","gloss":"carting farmer"},{"surface":"jämte","lemma":"jämte","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking omgång","gloss":"along with"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of omgång","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"omgång","lemma":"omgång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies arbetskläder","gloss":"change"},{"surface":"arbetskläder","lemma":"arbetskläder","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of skjutsbonde","gloss":"work clothes"}]},{"number":92,"label":"23","id":"ch31-p23-s1","source":"Så gick vi då alla tjugu vägen åt Falun.","translation":"So all twenty of us set off on the road to Falun.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gick","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"gick","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of gick","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gick","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of tjugu","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"tjugu","lemma":"tjugu","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"subject of gick","gloss":"twenty","note":"Older spelling of tjugo, ‘twenty’."},{"surface":"vägen","lemma":"väg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gick","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"åt","lemma":"åt","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Falun","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Falun","lemma":"Falun","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"modifies vägen","gloss":"Falun","note":"mining town, capital of Dalarna."}]},{"number":93,"label":"","id":"ch31-p23-s2","source":"Vi brukade gå tre eller fyra mil om da’n, och till Stockholm kom vi på sju dar.","translation":"We used to walk three or four Swedish miles a day, and we reached Stockholm in seven days.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of brukade","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"brukade","lemma":"bruka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"used to"},{"surface":"gå","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of brukade","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"tre","lemma":"tre","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies mil","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"fyra","lemma":"fyra","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies mil","gloss":"four"},{"surface":"mil","lemma":"mil","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of gå","gloss":"miles","note":"Swedish mil = 10 km; conventionally rendered 'mile(s)' in translation."},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking n","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"da’n","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular, definite","role":"modifies mil","gloss":"a day","note":"Da’n is a colloquial contraction of dagen."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Stockholm","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Stockholm","lemma":"Stockholm","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of kom","gloss":"Stockholm"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with brukade","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dar","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"sju","lemma":"sju","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies dar","gloss":"seven"},{"surface":"dar","lemma":"d","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of kom","gloss":"days"}]},{"number":94,"label":"","id":"ch31-p23-s3","source":"Det var annat, det, än att få sätta sig på tåget, som kullorna nu gör, och bara åka dit så orimligt bekvämt på en åtta, nie timmar.","translation":"That was something quite different from sitting oneself on the train, as the girls do now, and simply riding there so absurdly comfortably in eight or nine hours.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with annat","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to annat","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"annat","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"depends on annat","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sätta","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of sätta","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"få","lemma":"få","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of sätta","gloss":"get to"},{"surface":"sätta","lemma":"sätta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on annat","gloss":"to set/put"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of sätta","gloss":"oneself"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tåget","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"tåget","lemma":"tåg","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of sätta","gloss":"train","note":"Second example ('en sjöman äntrar uppför ett tåg' = 'a sailor climbs up a rope') uses the nautical sense 'rope', not 'train'; the type was pinned to 'train' with contextDependent false, missing this attested sense."},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of gör","gloss":"as","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"kullorna","lemma":"kullorna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of gör","gloss":"the girls","note":"Kullor is a traditional Dalecarlian term for young women."},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gör","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"gör","lemma":"göra","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on tåget","gloss":"does"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bara","lemma":"bara","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies åka","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"åka","lemma":"åka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with gör","gloss":"ride"},{"surface":"dit","lemma":"dit","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies åka","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies orimligt","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"orimligt","lemma":"orimlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies bekvämt","gloss":"absurdly"},{"surface":"bekvämt","lemma":"bekvämt","morphology":"adverb","role":"direct object of åka","gloss":"comfortably"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking timmar","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of åtta","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"åtta","lemma":"åtta","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies timmar","gloss":"eight"},{"surface":"nie","lemma":"nie","morphology":"adverb","role":"quantifies åtta","gloss":"nine"},{"surface":"timmar","lemma":"timme","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of åka","gloss":"hours"}]},{"number":95,"label":"24","id":"ch31-p24-s1","source":"När vi kom in i Stockholm, ropade folket till varandra: ’Se, nu kommer Dalregementet!’","translation":"When we came into Stockholm, people called out to one another: ’Look, here comes the Dala Regiment!’","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"När","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kom","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on ropade","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kom","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Stockholm","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"Stockholm","lemma":"Stockholm","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of kom","gloss":"Stockholm"},{"surface":"ropade","lemma":"ropa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"called out"},{"surface":"folket","lemma":"folk","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of ropade","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking varandra","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"varandra","lemma":"varandra","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"oblique complement of ropade","gloss":"each other"},{"surface":"Se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"look"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kommer","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"kommer","lemma":"komma","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to Se","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"Dalregementet","lemma":"Dalregement","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of kommer","gloss":"the Dala regiment"}]},{"number":96,"label":"","id":"ch31-p24-s2","source":"Det lät också, som ett helt regemente skulle ha marscherat fram, när vi vandrade på gatorna med våra högklackade skor, där skomakaren hade slagit in inte mindre än femton stora spikar.","translation":"It sounded, too, as if a whole regiment had come marching by, when we walked along the streets in our high-heeled shoes, in which the cobbler had driven no fewer than fifteen great nails.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of lät","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"lät","lemma":"lät","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sounded"},{"surface":"också","lemma":"också","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lät","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"subject of marscherat","gloss":"as if"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of regemente","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"helt","lemma":"helt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies regemente","gloss":"quite"},{"surface":"regemente","lemma":"regemente","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of marscherat","gloss":"regiment"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of marscherat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of marscherat","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"marscherat","lemma":"marschera","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on lät","gloss":"marched"},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on marscherat","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vandrade","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of vandrade","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"vandrade","lemma":"vandra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on marscherat","gloss":"wandered"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gatorna","gloss":"along"},{"surface":"gatorna","lemma":"gata","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of vandrade","gloss":"streets"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skor","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"våra","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"possessor of skor","gloss":"our","note":"Possessive form våra of the plural pronoun vi."},{"surface":"högklackade","lemma":"högklackad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies skor","gloss":"high-heeled"},{"surface":"skor","lemma":"sko","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies gatorna","gloss":"shoes"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies slagit","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"skomakaren","lemma":"skomakare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of slagit","gloss":"shoemaker"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of slagit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"slagit","lemma":"slå","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"relative clause on skor","gloss":"driven"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on slagit","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies slagit","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"mindre","lemma":"lite","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies femton","gloss":"fewer","note":"Surface 'mindre' is the shared comparative of both 'lite' (less) and 'liten' (small); in ch. examples it renders as predicate-adjective 'smaller' (mycket mindre än han, mindre höga) as often as adverbial 'less' (nöjde sig inte med mindre)."},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase mindre","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"femton","lemma":"femton","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies spikar","gloss":"fifteen"},{"surface":"stora","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies spikar","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"spikar","lemma":"spik","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of slagit","gloss":"nails"}]},{"number":97,"label":"","id":"ch31-p24-s3","source":"Det hände allt, att flera av oss snavade och föll omkull, därför att vi var ovana vid de kullriga gatstenarna.","translation":"It did happen that several of us stumbled and fell, because we were unused to the cobblestones.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"subject of hände","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"hände","lemma":"hä","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"happened","note":"Past tense of 'hända' (to happen); mistagged and truncated as an adjective lemma 'hä'."},{"surface":"allt","lemma":"all","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hände","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of snavade","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"flera","lemma":"flera","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"subject of snavade","gloss":"several"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking oss","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"oss","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of snavade","gloss":"us"},{"surface":"snavade","lemma":"snava","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"clause modifying allt","gloss":"stumbled"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"föll","lemma":"föll","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with snavade","gloss":"fell"},{"surface":"omkull","lemma":"omkull","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies föll","gloss":"over","note":"Used with verbs of falling/knocking, e.g. 'slog omkull' = 'knocked over'."},{"surface":"därför","lemma":"därför","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of var","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase därför","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of var","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on allt","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"ovana","lemma":"ovan","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies var","gloss":"unused"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gatstenarna","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of gatstenarna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"kullriga","lemma":"kullrig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies gatstenarna","gloss":"rounded"},{"surface":"gatstenarna","lemma":"gatstenarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of var","gloss":"the cobblestones"}]},{"number":98,"label":"25","id":"ch31-p25-s1","source":"Vi tog in på ett Dalkvarter, som hette »Vita hästen» och låg vid Stora Badstugatan på Söder.","translation":"We put up at a Dala lodging house called »The White Horse», which stood on Stora Badstugatan on Söder.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of tog","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"tog","lemma":"ta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"took"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on tog","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dalkvarter","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of Dalkvarter","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Dalkvarter","lemma":"dalkvarter","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of tog","gloss":"Dala lodging house"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of hette","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"hette","lemma":"hette","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Dalkvarter","gloss":"was named"},{"surface":"Vita","lemma":"vita","morphology":"adverb","role":"preposition marking hästen","gloss":"White"},{"surface":"hästen","lemma":"häst","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"horse"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"låg","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with hästen","gloss":"lay"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Badstugatan","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"Stora","lemma":"Stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies Badstugatan","gloss":"great","note":"Definite/plural-looking form \"Stora\" used attributively in place names like Stora Tuna."},{"surface":"Badstugatan","lemma":"Badstugatan","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of låg","gloss":"Bathhouse Street"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Söder","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"Söder","lemma":"Söder","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"modifies Badstugatan","gloss":"Söder"}]},{"number":99,"label":"","id":"ch31-p25-s2","source":"Mora-folket bodde vid samma gata i ett kvarter, som hette »Stora kronan».","translation":"The people from Mora lodged on the same street, in a house called »The Great Crown».","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Mora-folket","lemma":"mora-folket","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of bodde","gloss":"Mora people"},{"surface":"bodde","lemma":"bodde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lived"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gata","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"samma","lemma":"samma","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of gata","gloss":"the same"},{"surface":"gata","lemma":"gata","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of bodde","gloss":"street"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking kvarter","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of kvarter","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"kvarter","lemma":"kvarter","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of bodde","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of hette","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"hette","lemma":"hette","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on kvarter","gloss":"was named"},{"surface":"Stora","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies kronan","gloss":"big","note":"weak/definite form (stora), used with a singular definite noun, e.g. den stora länstolen."},{"surface":"kronan","lemma":"krona","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bodde","gloss":"crown"}]},{"number":100,"label":"","id":"ch31-p25-s3","source":"Nu var det bråttom, ska jag säga, att söka förtjäna något, för det var bara aderton skilling kvar av de tjugufyra, som jag hade hemifrån.","translation":"Now it was urgent, I must say, to find something to earn, for only eighteen shillings were left of the twenty-four I had brought from home.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bråttom","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to bråttom","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of bråttom","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"bråttom","lemma":"bråttom","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"in a hurry"},{"surface":"ska","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of säga","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of säga","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"säga","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"parallel clause to bråttom","gloss":"to say"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of söka","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"söka","lemma":"söka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of säga","gloss":"search"},{"surface":"förtjäna","lemma":"förtjäna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of söka","gloss":"earn"},{"surface":"något","lemma":"någon","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of förtjäna","gloss":"something"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking det","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of skilling","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to skilling","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"bara","lemma":"bara","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies aderton","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"aderton","lemma":"aderton","morphology":"noun","role":"modifies skilling","gloss":"eighteen","note":"Archaic spelling of modern Swedish arton."},{"surface":"skilling","lemma":"skilling","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of bråttom","gloss":"shilling","note":"Old Swedish coin, translated as 'shilling'."},{"surface":"kvar","lemma":"kvar","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies skilling","gloss":"still there"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tjugufyra","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of tjugufyra","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"tjugufyra","lemma":"tjugufyra","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies skilling","gloss":"twenty-four"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on tjugufyra","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"hemifrån","lemma":"hemifrån","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hade","gloss":"from home"}]},{"number":101,"label":"","id":"ch31-p25-s4","source":"En av de andra kullorna sa’, att jag skulle gå till en ryttmästare, som bodde vid Hornstull, och fråga efter arbete.","translation":"One of the other girls said I should go to a cavalry captain who lived near Hornstull and ask for work.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"En","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sa","gloss":"one","note":"Surfaces are only \"en\"/\"En\" used as a counting pronoun (\"en av dem\" = \"one of them\"), not the indefinite generic pronoun man/en (\"one does X\"). Lemma is mistagged as man; it should be en (numeral pronoun \"one\"). Gloss \"one\" happens to still be correct."},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking kullorna","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of kullorna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies kullorna","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"kullorna","lemma":"kulla","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies En","gloss":"girls","note":"dialectal/regional word for young women, used in the maid's first-person narration."},{"surface":"sa","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gå","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gå","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gå","gloss":"should"},{"surface":"gå","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of sa","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ryttmästare","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of ryttmästare","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ryttmästare","lemma":"ryttmästare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gå","gloss":"cavalry captain"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of bodde","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"bodde","lemma":"boda","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on ryttmästare","gloss":"lived"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Hornstull","gloss":"near"},{"surface":"Hornstull","lemma":"Hornstull","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of bodde","gloss":"Hornstull"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fråga","lemma":"fråga","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with bodde","gloss":"question"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking arbete","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"arbete","lemma":"arbete","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of fråga","gloss":"work"}]},{"number":102,"label":"","id":"ch31-p25-s5","source":"Jag fick stanna hos honom och skulle gräva och plantera i hans trädgård i fyra dar.","translation":"I got to stay with him and was to dig and plant in his garden for four days.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of stanna","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"fick","lemma":"få","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of stanna","gloss":"got to"},{"surface":"stanna","lemma":"stanna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stay"},{"surface":"hos","lemma":"hos","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking honom","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stanna","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gräva","gloss":"was to"},{"surface":"gräva","lemma":"gräva","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with stanna","gloss":"dig"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"plantera","lemma":"plantera","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with gräva","gloss":"plant"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking trädgård","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of trädgård","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"trädgård","lemma":"trädgård","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gräva","gloss":"garden"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dar","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"fyra","lemma":"fyra","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies dar","gloss":"four"},{"surface":"dar","lemma":"d","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies trädgård","gloss":"days"}]},{"number":103,"label":"","id":"ch31-p25-s6","source":"Tjugufyra skilling fick jag i dagspenning, och maten skulle jag hålla mig själv.","translation":"Twenty-four shillings I was paid as a day's wage, and I had to feed myself.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tjugufyra","lemma":"tjugufyra","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies skilling","gloss":"twenty-four"},{"surface":"skilling","lemma":"skilling","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of fick","gloss":"shilling","note":"Old Swedish coin, translated as 'shilling'."},{"surface":"fick","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was paid"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fick","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dagspenning","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"dagspenning","lemma":"dagspenning","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of fick","gloss":"day's wage"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"maten","lemma":"mat","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of hålla","gloss":"food"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of hålla","gloss":"had to"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hålla","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"hålla","lemma":"hålla","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with fick","gloss":"to feed myself"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of hålla","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"själv","lemma":"själv","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clause modifying mig","gloss":"myself"}]},{"number":104,"label":"","id":"ch31-p25-s7","source":"Bara litet hade jag råd att köpa, men herrskapets småflickor, som såg hur klent det var, sprang in och begärde mat åt mig i köket, så att jag fick då äta mig mätt.","translation":"I had money to buy only a little, but the family's small daughters, who saw how poorly off I was, ran in and begged food for me in the kitchen, so that I did get to eat my fill.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Bara","lemma":"bara","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies litet","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"litet","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hade","gloss":"a little","note":"this type bundles the positive and comparative degree forms (litet, mindre) under one entry."},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"råd","lemma":"råd","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"advice"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of köpa","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"köpa","lemma":"köpa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on hade","gloss":"to buy"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"herrskapets","lemma":"herrskapets","morphology":"noun, genitive, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of småflickor","gloss":"the family's"},{"surface":"småflickor","lemma":"småflicka","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with hade","gloss":"little girls"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"såg","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on småflickor","gloss":"saw","note":"past tense of se, 'to see.'"},{"surface":"hur","lemma":"hur","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies klent","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"klent","lemma":"klent","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"clausal complement of såg","gloss":"poorly off"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with klent","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"modifies såg","gloss":"was","note":"the surface var here is the past tense of vara 'to be', not the pronoun."},{"surface":"sprang","lemma":"sprangma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with hade","gloss":"ran","note":"Lemma is corrupted; surfaces are only \"sprang\" (past of springa, to run). Lemma should read springa, not sprangma."},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on sprang","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"begärde","lemma":"begärde","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with sprang","gloss":"begged"},{"surface":"mat","lemma":"mat","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of sprang","gloss":"food"},{"surface":"åt","lemma":"åt","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mig","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sprang","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking köket","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"köket","lemma":"kök","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of sprang","gloss":"kitchen"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of fick","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase så","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fick","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"fick","lemma":"få","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of äta","gloss":"got to"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies äta","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"äta","lemma":"äta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on sprang","gloss":"eat"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of äta","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"mätt","lemma":"mätt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"complement of äta","gloss":"full","note":"'äta sig mätt' = eat one's fill."}]},{"number":105,"label":"26","id":"ch31-p26-s1","source":"Sen kom jag till en fru vid Norrlandsgatan.","translation":"Then I came to a lady on Norrlandsgatan.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sen","lemma":"sen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fru","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of fru","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"fru","lemma":"fru","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kom","gloss":"lady"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Norrlandsgatan","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"Norrlandsgatan","lemma":"Norrlandsgatan","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"modifies fru","gloss":"Norrlandsgatan"}]},{"number":106,"label":"","id":"ch31-p26-s2","source":"Där fick jag dåligt kvarter, och råttorna tog både hättan och halsduken och åt hål på skinnsäcken min, så att jag måste laga den med ett gammalt stövelskaft, som jag fick.","translation":"There I had poor lodgings, and the rats took both my hood and my kerchief and gnawed a hole in my knapsack, so that I had to mend it with an old bootleg that I was given.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fick","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"fick","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fick","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"dåligt","lemma":"dålig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies kvarter","gloss":"bad"},{"surface":"kvarter","lemma":"kvarter","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of fick","gloss":"lodgings"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"råttorna","lemma":"råttorna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of tog","gloss":"the rats"},{"surface":"tog","lemma":"ta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with fick","gloss":"took"},{"surface":"både","lemma":"både","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"both"},{"surface":"hättan","lemma":"hättan","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tog","gloss":"the hood"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"halsduken","lemma":"halsduk","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tog","gloss":"scarf"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"åt","lemma":"åt","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hål","gloss":"gnawed"},{"surface":"hål","lemma":"hål","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with halsduken","gloss":"hole"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skinnsäcken","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"skinnsäcken","lemma":"skinnsäck","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"modifies hål","gloss":"the knapsack"},{"surface":"min","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tog","gloss":"my","note":"possessive form min of the pronoun jag."},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of laga","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase så","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of laga","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"måste","lemma":"måste","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of laga","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"laga","lemma":"laga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on tog","gloss":"to mend"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of laga","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking stövelskaft","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of stövelskaft","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gammalt","lemma":"gammal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies stövelskaft","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"stövelskaft","lemma":"stövelskaft","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of laga","gloss":"bootleg"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of fick","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fick","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"fick","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on stövelskaft","gloss":"was given"}]},{"number":107,"label":"","id":"ch31-p26-s3","source":"Där hade jag inte arbete längre än fjorton dar, och sen måste jag vandra hem igen med två riksdalers behållning.","translation":"There I had work no longer than fourteen days, and after that I had to walk home again with two riksdaler left over.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dar","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of dar","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies hade","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"arbete","lemma":"arbete","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"work"},{"surface":"längre","lemma":"länge","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fjorton","gloss":"longer"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"preposition marking fjorton","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"fjorton","lemma":"fjorton","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies dar","gloss":"fourteen"},{"surface":"dar","lemma":"d","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"days"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sen","lemma":"sen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vandra","gloss":"after that"},{"surface":"måste","lemma":"måste","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of vandra","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vandra","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"vandra","lemma":"vandra","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with dar","gloss":"wander"},{"surface":"hem","lemma":"hem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vandra","gloss":"home"},{"surface":"igen","lemma":"igen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vandra","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking behållning","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"två","lemma":"två","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies riksdalers","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"riksdalers","lemma":"riksdal","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, plural","role":"possessor of behållning","gloss":"riksdaler","note":"The riksdaler was a historical Swedish currency."},{"surface":"behållning","lemma":"behållning","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of vandra","gloss":"left over"}]},{"number":108,"label":"27","id":"ch31-p27-s1","source":"Jag tog vägen över Leksand och låg i en by, som hette Rönnäs, ett par dar.","translation":"I took the road by way of Leksand and stayed a couple of days in a village called Rönnäs.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tog","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"tog","lemma":"ta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"took"},{"surface":"vägen","lemma":"väg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tog","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Leksand","gloss":"by way of"},{"surface":"Leksand","lemma":"Leksand","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of tog","gloss":"Leksand"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"låg","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with tog","gloss":"lay"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking by","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of by","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"by","lemma":"by","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of låg","gloss":"village"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of hette","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"hette","lemma":"hette","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on by","gloss":"was named"},{"surface":"Rönnäs","lemma":"Rönnäs","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"depends on hette","gloss":"Rönnäs"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of par","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"par","lemma":"par","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies dar","gloss":"couple"},{"surface":"dar","lemma":"d","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of tog","gloss":"days"}]},{"number":109,"label":"","id":"ch31-p27-s2","source":"Där minns jag att folket kokade välling av sammanmalet havremjöl med sådor och agnar.","translation":"There I remember the people cooked gruel from coarsely ground oatmeal with husks and chaff mixed in.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"sådor och agnar","title":"Chaff and husks in famine bread","body":"«sådor» and «agnar» are the coarse husks and chaff left over from milling grain; stretching flour with them was a well-documented famine-year practice in 19th-century rural Sweden."}],"words":[{"surface":"Där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies minns","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"minns","lemma":"minnas","morphology":"verb, present, indicative","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"remembers"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"expletive with minns","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kokade","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"folket","lemma":"folk","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of kokade","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"kokade","lemma":"koka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of minns","gloss":"cooked"},{"surface":"välling","lemma":"välling","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of kokade","gloss":"gruel"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking havremjöl","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"sammanmalet","lemma":"sammanmal","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies havremjöl","gloss":"wholemeal"},{"surface":"havremjöl","lemma":"havremjöl","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of kokade","gloss":"oatmeal"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sådor","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sådor","lemma":"såda","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of kokade","gloss":"husks"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"agnar","lemma":"agn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with sådor","gloss":"chaff"}]},{"number":110,"label":"","id":"ch31-p27-s3","source":"De hade inte annat, och det fick smaka i hungersnödens dagar.","translation":"They had nothing else, and it had to do in those days of famine.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies hade","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"annat","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of smaka","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"fick","lemma":"få","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of smaka","gloss":"had to"},{"surface":"smaka","lemma":"smaka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with hade","gloss":"do","note":"ch31-p27-s3 'det fick smaka i hungersnödens dagar' = 'it had to do in those days of famine' — idiomatic 'make do/suffice', not literally 'taste'."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dagar","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"hungersnödens","lemma":"hungersnöd","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of dagar","gloss":"of famine"},{"surface":"dagar","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of smaka","gloss":"days"}]},{"number":111,"label":"28","id":"ch31-p28-s1","source":"Ja, det året var inte mycket att skryta av, men jag fick slita ändå värre nästa år.","translation":"Yes, that year was not much to boast of, but I had to toil even harder the next year.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ja","lemma":"ja","morphology":"interjection","role":"depends on året","gloss":"yes"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of året","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"året","lemma":"år","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of mycket","gloss":"year"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to mycket","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies mycket","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"mycket","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of skryta","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"skryta","lemma":"skryta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on mycket","gloss":"boast"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skryta","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of slita","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"fick","lemma":"få","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of slita","gloss":"had to"},{"surface":"slita","lemma":"slita","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with mycket","gloss":"to tear"},{"surface":"ändå","lemma":"ändå","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies slita","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"värre","lemma":"ond","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"adverbial clause on mycket","gloss":"worse"},{"surface":"nästa","lemma":"nästa","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies år","gloss":"next"},{"surface":"år","lemma":"år","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of mycket","gloss":"year"}]},{"number":112,"label":"","id":"ch31-p28-s2","source":"Se, jag måste ge mig av ut igen, för annars hade de inte fått något att leva av därhemma.","translation":"You see, I had to set off again, for otherwise there would have been nothing to live on back home.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"look"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ge","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"måste","lemma":"måste","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ge","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"ge","lemma":"ge","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"parallel clause to Se","gloss":"to give"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of ge","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on ge","gloss":"off"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on ge","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"igen","lemma":"igen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ut","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of fått","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"annars","lemma":"annars","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fått","gloss":"otherwise"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of fått","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of fått","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies fått","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"fått","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on Se","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"något","lemma":"någon","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of fått","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of leva","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"leva","lemma":"leva","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clause modifying något","gloss":"to live"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking därhemma","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"därhemma","lemma":"därhemma","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"oblique complement of leva","gloss":"back home"}]},{"number":113,"label":"","id":"ch31-p28-s3","source":"Jag fick följa med två kullor till Hudiksvall, och dit var det tjugufyra mil.","translation":"I got to go along with two girls to Hudiksvall, and it was twenty-four Swedish miles there.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of följa","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"fick","lemma":"få","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of följa","gloss":"got to"},{"surface":"följa","lemma":"följa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to follow"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking kullor","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"två","lemma":"två","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies kullor","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"kullor","lemma":"kulla","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of följa","gloss":"girls","note":"dialectal/regional word for young women, used in the maid's first-person narration."},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Hudiksvall","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Hudiksvall","lemma":"Hudiksvall","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"modifies kullor","gloss":"Hudiksvall"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dit","lemma":"dit","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies mil","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to mil","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of mil","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"tjugufyra","lemma":"tjugufyra","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies mil","gloss":"twenty-four"},{"surface":"mil","lemma":"mil","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with kullor","gloss":"miles","note":"Swedish mil = 10 km; conventionally rendered 'mile(s)' in translation."}]},{"number":114,"label":"","id":"ch31-p28-s4","source":"Hela vägen var vi tvungna att bära skinnsäcken på ryggen, för nu hade vi ingen skjuts.","translation":"The whole way we were forced to carry the knapsack on our backs, for now we had no ride.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hela","lemma":"hel","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies vägen","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"vägen","lemma":"väg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tvungna","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to tvungna","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of tvungna","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"tvungna","lemma":"tvungen","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"were forced"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of bära","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"bära","lemma":"bära","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on tvungna","gloss":"to carry"},{"surface":"skinnsäcken","lemma":"skinnsäck","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of bära","gloss":"the knapsack"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ryggen","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"ryggen","lemma":"rygg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of bära","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hade","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on tvungna","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of skjuts","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"skjuts","lemma":"skjuta","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"ride"}]},{"number":115,"label":"","id":"ch31-p28-s5","source":"Vi hade tänkt, att vi skulle få trädgårdsarbete, men när vi kom fram, låg snön hög överallt, så att inget sådant arbete fanns.","translation":"We had thought we would find garden work, but when we arrived, the snow lay deep everywhere, so that no such work was to be had.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of tänkt","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tänkt","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"tänkt","lemma":"tänka","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of få","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of få","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of få","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"få","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of tänkt","gloss":"find"},{"surface":"trädgårdsarbete","lemma":"trädgårdsarbete","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of få","gloss":"garden work"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kom","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with få","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kom","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"låg","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with få","gloss":"lay"},{"surface":"snön","lemma":"snö","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of låg","gloss":"snow"},{"surface":"hög","lemma":"hög","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with få","gloss":"tall"},{"surface":"överallt","lemma":"överallt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies få","gloss":"everywhere"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of fanns","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase så","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"inget","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of arbete","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"sådant","lemma":"sån","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies arbete","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"arbete","lemma":"arbete","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of fanns","gloss":"work"},{"surface":"fanns","lemma":"finnas","morphology":"verb, past, indicative","role":"adverbial clause on tänkt","gloss":"there was","note":"existential verb; fanns = 'there was/were, existed.'"}]},{"number":116,"label":"","id":"ch31-p28-s6","source":"Då gick jag utåt landsbygden och bad dem så vackert i bondgårdarna, att de skulle ge mig något att syssla med.","translation":"So I went out into the countryside and begged so prettily at the farms that they would give me something to do.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gick","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"gick","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gick","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"utåt","lemma":"utåt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies landsbygden","gloss":"out into"},{"surface":"landsbygden","lemma":"landsbygd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of gick","gloss":"the countryside"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bad","lemma":"be","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with gick","gloss":"begged"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of bad","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vackert","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"vackert","lemma":"vacker","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"complement of bad","gloss":"beautiful"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bondgårdarna","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"bondgårdarna","lemma":"bondgård","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of vackert","gloss":"farms"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ge","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of ge","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ge","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"ge","lemma":"ge","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of gick","gloss":"to give"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of ge","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"något","lemma":"någon","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of ge","gloss":"something"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of syssla","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"syssla","lemma":"syssla","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of ge","gloss":"to do"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking syssla","gloss":"with"}]},{"number":117,"label":"","id":"ch31-p28-s7","source":"Kära söta, vad jag var trött och hungrig, innan jag kom till en gård, där jag fick stanna och karda för åtta skilling om da’n!","translation":"Dear me, how tired and hungry I was before I came to a farm where I got to stay and card wool for eight shillings a day!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Kära","lemma":"Kära","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"modifies söta","gloss":"dear","note":"Used as a term of address (\"Kära mor Akka\" = \"Dear mother Akka\"), not a literal command."},{"surface":"söta","lemma":"söta","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"sweet"},{"surface":"vad","lemma":"vad","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"introduces the clause of trött","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of trött","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to trött","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"trött","lemma":"trött","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clausal complement of söta","gloss":"tired"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hungrig","lemma":"hungrig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with trött","gloss":"hungry"},{"surface":"innan","lemma":"innan","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kom","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on trött","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gård","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of gård","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gård","lemma":"gård","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kom","gloss":"farm"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fick","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fick","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"fick","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on gård","gloss":"got to"},{"surface":"stanna","lemma":"stanna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of fick","gloss":"stay"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"karda","lemma":"karda","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with stanna","gloss":"card wool"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skilling","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"åtta","lemma":"åtta","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies skilling","gloss":"eight"},{"surface":"skilling","lemma":"skilling","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stanna","gloss":"shilling","note":"Old Swedish coin, translated as 'shilling'."},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking n","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"da’n","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular, definite","role":"modifies skilling","gloss":"a day","note":"Da’n is a colloquial contraction of dagen."}]},{"number":118,"label":"","id":"ch31-p28-s8","source":"Men se, längre fram på våren fick jag arbeta i trädgårdarna i sta’n, och där stannade jag till i juli.","translation":"But then, later in the spring, I got to work in the gardens in town, and there I stayed on into July.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on arbeta","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"längre","lemma":"länge","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fram","gloss":"later"},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies se","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking våren","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"våren","lemma":"vår","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of fram","gloss":"spring"},{"surface":"fick","lemma":"få","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of arbeta","gloss":"got to"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of arbeta","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"arbeta","lemma":"arbeta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"work"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking trädgårdarna","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"trädgårdarna","lemma":"trädgård","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of arbeta","gloss":"gardens"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking n","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"sta’n","lemma":"stad","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular, definite","role":"oblique complement of arbeta","gloss":"town","note":"Sta’n is a colloquial contraction of staden."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stannade","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"stannade","lemma":"stanna","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with arbeta","gloss":"stopped"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of stannade","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on stannade","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking juli","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"juli","lemma":"juli","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stannade","gloss":"July"}]},{"number":119,"label":"","id":"ch31-p28-s9","source":"Men då blev hemlängtan så stark, att jag gav mig av till Rättvik.","translation":"But then homesickness grew so strong that I set off for Rättvik.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies blev","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"hemlängtan","lemma":"hemlängtan","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"homesickness"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stark","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"stark","lemma":"stark","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of blev","gloss":"strong"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gav","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gav","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"gav","lemma":"ge","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"depends on blev","gloss":"set off","note":"Light-verb idioms in the examples: \"gav ... till ett klagoskrik\" = let out a cry; \"gav sig tid\" = took the time — not literal \"gave\" in either case."},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of gav","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Rättvik","gloss":"off"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Rättvik","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"Rättvik","lemma":"Rättvik","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of gav","gloss":"Rättvik"}]},{"number":120,"label":"","id":"ch31-p28-s10","source":"Jag var ju bara sjutton år, kan veta.","translation":"I was only seventeen then, mind you.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"ju","lemma":"ju","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"mind you"},{"surface":"bara","lemma":"bara","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"sjutton","lemma":"sjutton","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies år","gloss":"seventeen"},{"surface":"år","lemma":"år","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of var","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of veta","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"veta","lemma":"veta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with var","gloss":"to know"}]},{"number":121,"label":"","id":"ch31-p28-s11","source":"Skorna hade jag slitit ut, så att jag fick gå tjugufyra mil barfota.","translation":"I had worn out my shoes, so that I had to walk twenty-four Swedish miles barefoot.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Skorna","lemma":"Skorna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of slitit","gloss":"the shoes"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of slitit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of slitit","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"slitit","lemma":"sliti","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"worn"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on slitit","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of gå","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase så","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gå","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"fick","lemma":"få","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gå","gloss":"had to"},{"surface":"gå","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on slitit","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"tjugufyra","lemma":"tjugufyra","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies mil","gloss":"twenty-four","note":"Tjugu- is a historical variant of modern tjugo-."},{"surface":"mil","lemma":"mil","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of gå","gloss":"miles","note":"Swedish mil = 10 km; conventionally rendered 'mile(s)' in translation."},{"surface":"barfota","lemma":"barfota","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"modifies gå","gloss":"barefoot"}]},{"number":122,"label":"","id":"ch31-p28-s12","source":"Men jag var glad ändå i mitt hjärta, för nu hade jag hela femton riksdaler i besparing, och åt mina småsyskon hade jag med mig några hårda vetebullar och en strut med sockerbitar, som jag hade sparat ihop.","translation":"But I was glad in my heart all the same, for now I had a whole fifteen riksdaler saved up, and for my little brothers and sisters I brought along some hard wheat buns and a paper cone of sugar lumps that I had saved up.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of glad","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to glad","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"glad","lemma":"glad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"glad"},{"surface":"ändå","lemma":"ändå","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hjärta","gloss":"all the same"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hjärta","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"mitt","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of hjärta","gloss":"my","note":"This entry is really the possessive \"mitt\" (neuter agreement), mistagged under the lemma jag."},{"surface":"hjärta","lemma":"hjärta","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of glad","gloss":"heart"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hade","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on glad","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"hela","lemma":"hel","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies riksdaler","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"femton","lemma":"femton","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies riksdaler","gloss":"fifteen"},{"surface":"riksdaler","lemma":"riksdal","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"riksdaler","note":"Historical Swedish currency unit, kept untranslated."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking besparing","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"besparing","lemma":"besparing","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of hade","gloss":"savings"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"åt","lemma":"åt","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies småsyskon","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"mina","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"possessor of småsyskon","gloss":"my","note":"This entry is really the possessive \"mina\" (plural agreement), mistagged under the lemma jag."},{"surface":"småsyskon","lemma":"småsyskon","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of hade","gloss":"younger siblings"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with glad","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mig","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of hade","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"några","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of vetebullar","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"hårda","lemma":"hård","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies vetebullar","gloss":"hard"},{"surface":"vetebullar","lemma":"vetebulel","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"wheat buns"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of strut","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"strut","lemma":"strut","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with vetebullar","gloss":"paper cone"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sockerbitar","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sockerbitar","lemma":"sockerbit","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies strut","gloss":"sugar lumps"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of sparat","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sparat","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of sparat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"sparat","lemma":"spara","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"relative clause on sockerbitar","gloss":"saved"},{"surface":"ihop","lemma":"ihop","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on sparat","gloss":"together"}]},{"number":123,"label":"","id":"ch31-p28-s13","source":"För när någon gav mig kaffe med två bitar socker till, så gömde jag alltid den ena.","translation":"For whenever someone gave me coffee with two lumps of sugar besides, I always kept one back.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"För","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of gav","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gav","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"någon","lemma":"någon","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gav","gloss":"someone"},{"surface":"gav","lemma":"ge","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"depends on gömde","gloss":"gave","note":"Light-verb idioms in the examples: \"gav ... till ett klagoskrik\" = let out a cry; \"gav sig tid\" = took the time — not literal \"gave\" in either case."},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of gav","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"kaffe","lemma":"kaffe","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gav","gloss":"coffee"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bitar","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"två","lemma":"två","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies bitar","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"bitar","lemma":"bit","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies socker","gloss":"lumps","note":"Two examples ('biter') are actually the present tense of bita (to bite), mixed in under this noun key."},{"surface":"socker","lemma":"socker","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gav","gloss":"sugar"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking socker","gloss":"besides"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial clause on gömde","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"gömde","lemma":"gömde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"hid"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gömde","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"alltid","lemma":"alltid","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gömde","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of ena","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ena","lemma":"ena","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"complement of gömde","gloss":"one"}]},{"number":124,"label":"29","id":"ch31-p29-s1","source":"Här sitter ni nu, kullor, och vet inte hur ni borde tacka er Gud, som har gjort bättre tider för oss.","translation":"Here you sit now, girls, and don't know how you ought to thank your God, who has made better times for us.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sitter","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"sitter","lemma":"sitta","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sits"},{"surface":"ni","lemma":"ni","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sitter","gloss":"you","note":"second-person plural/formal pronoun, tagged singular by the parser."},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sitter","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"kullor","lemma":"kulla","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with sitter","gloss":"girls","note":"dialectal/regional word for young women, used in the maid's first-person narration."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vet","lemma":"veta","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with sitter","gloss":"knows"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies vet","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"hur","lemma":"hur","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tacka","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"ni","lemma":"ni","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tacka","gloss":"you","note":"second-person plural/formal pronoun, tagged singular by the parser."},{"surface":"borde","lemma":"böra","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tacka","gloss":"ought to","note":"Bare borde is simple past modal (\"ought to\"/\"should\"); the perfect sense (\"ought to have\") only appears when borde is followed by ha + supine in the sentence, as in three of the four examples — the fourth (\"borde släppa taget\") has no ha and translates as plain \"ought to.\""},{"surface":"tacka","lemma":"tacka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of vet","gloss":"thank","note":"Gloss 'thank' is correct for the infinitive verb, but example ch13-p20-s8 ('sade en gammal tacka') uses the unrelated homograph noun 'tacka' meaning 'ewe' — that example is mis-slotted under this verb lemma and should not be read as 'to thank'."},{"surface":"er","lemma":"ni","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, plural","role":"possessor of Gud","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"direct object of tacka","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of gjort","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gjort","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"gjort","lemma":"göra","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"depends on sitter","gloss":"done"},{"surface":"bättre","lemma":"bra","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"modifies tider","gloss":"better"},{"surface":"tider","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of gjort","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking oss","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"oss","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of gjort","gloss":"us"}]},{"number":125,"label":"","id":"ch31-p29-s2","source":"Det var så, att det ena nödåret följde det andra på den tiden.","translation":"It was so that one lean year followed another in those days.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"the case"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of följde","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of nödåret","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ena","lemma":"ena","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies nödåret","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"nödåret","lemma":"nödåret","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of följde","gloss":"the lean year"},{"surface":"följde","lemma":"följa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of var","gloss":"followed"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with följde","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"direct object of följde","gloss":"others"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tiden","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of tiden","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"tiden","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of följde","gloss":"time"}]},{"number":126,"label":"","id":"ch31-p29-s3","source":"All ungdom i Dalarna var tvungen att resa bort för att skaffa pengar.","translation":"All the young people of Dalarna were forced to travel away to earn money.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"All","lemma":"All","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of ungdom","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"ungdom","lemma":"ungdom","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tvungen","gloss":"youth"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dalarna","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Dalarna","lemma":"Dalarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies ungdom","gloss":"Dalarna","note":"Swedish province."},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to tvungen","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"tvungen","lemma":"tvung","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"obliged"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of resa","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"resa","lemma":"resa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on tvungen","gloss":"to travel"},{"surface":"bort","lemma":"bort","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on resa","gloss":"away"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of skaffa","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of skaffa","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"skaffa","lemma":"skaffa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on resa","gloss":"to get"},{"surface":"pengar","lemma":"pengar","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of skaffa","gloss":"money"}]},{"number":127,"label":"","id":"ch31-p29-s4","source":"Jag gick nästa år — det var 1847 — till Stockholm igen och fick arbete vid Stora Hornsbergs trädgård.","translation":"The next year I went — it was 1847 — to Stockholm again and got work at the Stora Hornsberg garden.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gick","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"gick","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"nästa","lemma":"nästa","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies år","gloss":"next"},{"surface":"år","lemma":"år","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of gick","gloss":"year"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Stockholm","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Stockholm","lemma":"Stockholm","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of var","gloss":"Stockholm"},{"surface":"igen","lemma":"igen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fick","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with var","gloss":"got"},{"surface":"arbete","lemma":"arbete","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of fick","gloss":"work"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking trädgård","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"Stora","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies trädgård","gloss":"big","note":"weak/definite form (stora), used with a singular definite noun, e.g. den stora länstolen."},{"surface":"Hornsbergs","lemma":"Hornsberg","morphology":"proper noun, genitive","role":"possessor of trädgård","gloss":"Hornsberg's"},{"surface":"trädgård","lemma":"trädgård","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of fick","gloss":"garden"}]},{"number":128,"label":"","id":"ch31-p29-s5","source":"Där var vi flera kullor, och nu hade vi något bättre dagspenning, men spara fick vi göra i alla fall.","translation":"There were several of us girls, and now we had somewhat better wages, but we still had to save all the same.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of var","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"flera","lemma":"flera","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies kullor","gloss":"several"},{"surface":"kullor","lemma":"kulla","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of var","gloss":"girls","note":"dialectal/regional word for young women, used in the maid's first-person narration."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hade","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with var","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"något","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"modifies bättre","gloss":"somewhat"},{"surface":"bättre","lemma":"bra","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"modifies dagspenning","gloss":"better"},{"surface":"dagspenning","lemma":"dagspenning","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"day's wage"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"spara","lemma":"spara","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with hade","gloss":"save"},{"surface":"fick","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to var","gloss":"had to"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of fick","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"göra","lemma":"göra","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of fick","gloss":"save"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fall","gloss":"all the same"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of fall","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"fall","lemma":"fall","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of göra","gloss":"cases"}]},{"number":129,"label":"","id":"ch31-p29-s6","source":"Vi plockade i trädgårdslanden gamla spikar och ben och sålde i lumpboden, och för pengarna köpte vi sådana där stenhårda ankarstockar, som de bakade åt knektarna på kronobageriet.","translation":"We gathered up old nails and bones in the garden plots and sold them at the rag shop, and with the money we bought those stone-hard hardtack loaves they baked for the soldiers at the crown bakery.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"lumpboden","title":"Rag-and-bone shop","body":"A «lumpbod» bought rags, bones, and scrap metal from the poor for resale — a small but real income source for migrant workers like Myr-Kersti, who could turn scavenged nails and bones into hard bread for the soldiers' bakery."}],"words":[{"surface":"Vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of plockade","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"plockade","lemma":"plocka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"picked"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking trädgårdslanden","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"trädgårdslanden","lemma":"trädgårdsland","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of plockade","gloss":"the garden plots"},{"surface":"gamla","lemma":"gammal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies spikar","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"spikar","lemma":"spik","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of plockade","gloss":"nails"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ben","lemma":"ben","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"coordinated with spikar","gloss":"legs"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sålde","lemma":"såla","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with spikar","gloss":"sold","note":"Past tense of sälja (\"to sell\"); the given lemma \"såla\" is a tagging artifact."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lumpboden","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"lumpboden","lemma":"lumpbod","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sålde","gloss":"the rag shop"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking pengarna","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"pengarna","lemma":"pengar","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of köpte","gloss":"money"},{"surface":"köpte","lemma":"köpa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"bought"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of köpte","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"sådana","lemma":"sån","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"direct object of köpte","gloss":"such","note":"Colloquial/old plural of sådan ('such')."},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ankarstockar","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"stenhårda","lemma":"stenhård","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies ankarstockar","gloss":"stone-hard"},{"surface":"ankarstockar","lemma":"ankarstock","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of köpte","gloss":"hardtack loaves"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of bakade","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of bakade","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"bakade","lemma":"baka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on ankarstockar","gloss":"baked"},{"surface":"åt","lemma":"åt","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking knektarna","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"knektarna","lemma":"knekt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of bakade","gloss":"the soldiers"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking kronobageriet","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"kronobageriet","lemma":"kronobageri","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of bakade","gloss":"the crown bakery"}]},{"number":130,"label":"","id":"ch31-p29-s7","source":"I slutet av juli gick jag hem igen för att hjälpa till med skörden.","translation":"At the end of July I went home again to help with the harvest.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"I","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking slutet","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"slutet","lemma":"slut","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of gick","gloss":"end"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking juli","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"juli","lemma":"juli","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies slutet","gloss":"July"},{"surface":"gick","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gick","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"hem","lemma":"hem","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gick","gloss":"home"},{"surface":"igen","lemma":"igen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gick","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of hjälpa","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of hjälpa","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"hjälpa","lemma":"hjälpa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on gick","gloss":"help"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on hjälpa","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skörden","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"skörden","lemma":"skörd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of hjälpa","gloss":"harvest"}]},{"number":131,"label":"","id":"ch31-p29-s8","source":"Denna gången hade jag tretti riksdaler i besparing.","translation":"That time I had thirty riksdaler saved up.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Denna","lemma":"denna","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of gången","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"gången","lemma":"gång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"tretti","lemma":"tretti","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"thirty"},{"surface":"riksdaler","lemma":"riksdal","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"riksdaler","note":"Historical Swedish currency unit, kept untranslated."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking besparing","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"besparing","lemma":"besparing","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies riksdaler","gloss":"savings"}]},{"number":132,"label":"30","id":"ch31-p30-s1","source":"Nästa år måste jag omigen ut att förtjäna.","translation":"The next year I again had to go out to earn.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nästa","lemma":"nästa","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies år","gloss":"next"},{"surface":"år","lemma":"år","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of omigen","gloss":"year"},{"surface":"måste","lemma":"måste","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of omigen","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of måste","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"omigen","lemma":"omig","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on omigen","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of förtjäna","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"förtjäna","lemma":"förtjäna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"earn"}]},{"number":133,"label":"","id":"ch31-p30-s2","source":"Då kom jag till Stallmästargården utanför Stockholm.","translation":"That time I came to Stallmästargården outside Stockholm.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"that time"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Stallmästargården","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Stallmästargården","lemma":"Stallmästargård","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kom","gloss":"Stallmästargården"},{"surface":"utanför","lemma":"utanför","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Stockholm","gloss":"outside"},{"surface":"Stockholm","lemma":"Stockholm","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of kom","gloss":"Stockholm"}]},{"number":134,"label":"","id":"ch31-p30-s3","source":"Under den sommarn blev det fältmanöver på Lagårdsgärdet, och jag blev skickad av källarmästarn att passa opp vid ett kök, som han hade i en stor rustvagn.","translation":"That summer there was a field maneuver on Lagårdsgärdet, and I was sent by the innkeeper to serve at a kitchen he kept in a great supply wagon.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Under","lemma":"under","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sommarn","gloss":"during"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of sommarn","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"sommarn","lemma":"sommarn","morphology":"adverb","role":"oblique complement of blev","gloss":"that summer"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with blev","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"fältmanöver","lemma":"fältmanöver","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"complement of blev","gloss":"field maneuver"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Lagårdsgärdet","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"Lagårdsgärdet","lemma":"lagårdsgärd","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of blev","gloss":"Lagårdsgärdet"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of passive skickad","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"passive auxiliary of skickad","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"skickad","lemma":"skicka","morphology":"verb, past, participle, common gender, singular, nominative","role":"complement of blev","gloss":"was sent"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking källarmästarn","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"källarmästarn","lemma":"källarmästarn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"agent of skickad","gloss":"the innkeeper"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of passa","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"passa","lemma":"passa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clause modifying källarmästarn","gloss":"serve"},{"surface":"opp","lemma":"opp","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on passa","gloss":"up","note":"Mistagged as a noun; opp is the colloquial spelling of upp, \"up\"."},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking kök","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of kök","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"kök","lemma":"kök","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of passa","gloss":"kitchen"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on kök","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rustvagn","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of rustvagn","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies rustvagn","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"rustvagn","lemma":"rustvagn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of hade","gloss":"supply wagon"}]},{"number":135,"label":"","id":"ch31-p30-s4","source":"Aldrig glömmer jag, om jag så blev hundra år, den gången, när jag fick blåsa låtar på vallhornet därute på Gärdet för kung Oskar den förste.","translation":"Never will I forget, though I should live to be a hundred, that time I got to blow tunes on the herding horn out there on the Gärdet for King Oskar the First.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Aldrig","lemma":"Aldrig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies glömmer","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"glömmer","lemma":"glömma","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"forgets"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of glömmer","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of blev","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies blev","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on glömmer","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"hundra","lemma":"hundra","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies år","gloss":"hundred"},{"surface":"år","lemma":"år","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of gången","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gången","lemma":"gång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of blev","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fick","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fick","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"fick","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on blev","gloss":"got to"},{"surface":"blåsa","lemma":"blåsa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of fick","gloss":"blow"},{"surface":"låtar","lemma":"låte","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of blåsa","gloss":"tunes"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vallhornet","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"vallhornet","lemma":"vallhorn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies låtar","gloss":"the herding horn"},{"surface":"därute","lemma":"därute","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Oskar","gloss":"out there"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Gärdet","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"Gärdet","lemma":"Gärde","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of Oskar","gloss":"the Gärdet"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Oskar","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"kung","lemma":"kung","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Oskar","gloss":"king"},{"surface":"Oskar","lemma":"Oskar","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of fick","gloss":"Oskar"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"depends on Oskar","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"förste","lemma":"först","morphology":"adjective, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"modifies Oskar","gloss":"first"}]},{"number":136,"label":"","id":"ch31-p30-s5","source":"Och han skickade mig en hel tvåriksdaler till belöning.","translation":"And he sent me a whole two riksdaler as a reward.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of skickade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"skickade","lemma":"skicka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sent"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of skickade","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of tvåriksdaler","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"hel","lemma":"hel","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies tvåriksdaler","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"tvåriksdaler","lemma":"tvåriksdaler","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of skickade","gloss":"two riksdaler"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking belöning","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"belöning","lemma":"belöning","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of skickade","gloss":"reward"}]},{"number":137,"label":"31","id":"ch31-p31-s1","source":"Sen var jag flera somrar å rad roddarkulla på Brunnsviken och rodde mellan Albano och Haga.","translation":"Then for several summers running I was a rowing girl on Brunnsviken and rowed between Albano and Haga.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sen","lemma":"sen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies somrar","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to somrar","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase var","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"flera","lemma":"flera","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies somrar","gloss":"several"},{"surface":"somrar","lemma":"somre","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"summers"},{"surface":"å","lemma":"å","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies roddarkulla","gloss":"in","note":"Mostly used as the noun for a small river (Ronneby å); the idiom fara å färde 'be afoot/underway' is an old prepositional use."},{"surface":"rad","lemma":"rad","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase å","gloss":"row"},{"surface":"roddarkulla","lemma":"roddarkull","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies somrar","gloss":"rowing girl","note":"A roddarkulla was a woman employed to row passengers."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Brunnsviken","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"Brunnsviken","lemma":"Brunnsviken","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"modifies roddarkulla","gloss":"Brunnsviken"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"rodde","lemma":"ro","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with somrar","gloss":"rowed"},{"surface":"mellan","lemma":"mellan","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Albano","gloss":"between"},{"surface":"Albano","lemma":"Albano","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of rodde","gloss":"Albano"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Haga","lemma":"Haga","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with Albano","gloss":"Haga"}]},{"number":138,"label":"","id":"ch31-p31-s2","source":"Det var min bästa tid.","translation":"That was my best time.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of tid","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to tid","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"min","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of tid","gloss":"my","note":"possessive form min of the pronoun jag."},{"surface":"bästa","lemma":"bra","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"modifies tid","gloss":"best"},{"surface":"tid","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"time"}]},{"number":139,"label":"","id":"ch31-p31-s3","source":"Vi hade vallhornen med i båten, och ibland tog passagerarna årorna själva, för att vi skulle blåsa för dem.","translation":"We had the herding horns with us in the boat, and sometimes the passengers took the oars themselves, so that we could play for them.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"vallhornen","lemma":"vallhorn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"the herding horns"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking båten","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking båten","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"båten","lemma":"båt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of hade","gloss":"boat"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ibland","lemma":"ibland","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tog","gloss":"sometimes"},{"surface":"tog","lemma":"ta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with hade","gloss":"took"},{"surface":"passagerarna","lemma":"passagerarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of tog","gloss":"the passengers"},{"surface":"årorna","lemma":"årorna","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of tog","gloss":"the oars"},{"surface":"själva","lemma":"själv","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies tog","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of blåsa","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase för","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of blåsa","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of blåsa","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"blåsa","lemma":"blåsa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on tog","gloss":"blow"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"oblique complement of blåsa","gloss":"them"}]},{"number":140,"label":"","id":"ch31-p31-s4","source":"När så rodden var slut om hösten, gick jag oppåt Uppland på tröskning i bondgårdarna.","translation":"When the rowing season ended in the autumn, I went up into Uppland to thresh at the farms.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"När","lemma":"när","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of slut","gloss":"when","note":"Functions as a subordinating conjunction, not an adverb."},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase När","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"rodden","lemma":"rodd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of slut","gloss":"the rowing season"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to slut","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"slut","lemma":"slut","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"adverbial clause on gick","gloss":"end"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hösten","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"hösten","lemma":"höst","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of slut","gloss":"autumn"},{"surface":"gick","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gick","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"oppåt","lemma":"oppåt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Uppland","gloss":"up toward","note":"Adverb/preposition meaning 'upward toward', mistagged as an adjective."},{"surface":"Uppland","lemma":"Uppland","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of gick","gloss":"Uppland"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tröskning","gloss":"to thresh"},{"surface":"tröskning","lemma":"tröskning","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gick","gloss":"thresh"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bondgårdarna","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"bondgårdarna","lemma":"bondgård","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies tröskning","gloss":"farms"}]},{"number":141,"label":"","id":"ch31-p31-s5","source":"Framemot jul brukade jag komma hem med så där en hundra riksdaler.","translation":"Toward Christmas I would usually come home with as much as a hundred riksdaler.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Framemot","lemma":"framemot","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"modifies jul","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"jul","lemma":"jul","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of brukade","gloss":"Christmas"},{"surface":"brukade","lemma":"bruka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"used to"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of brukade","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"komma","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of brukade","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"hem","lemma":"hem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies komma","gloss":"home"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking komma","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies där","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies komma","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of hundra","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"hundra","lemma":"hundra","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies riksdaler","gloss":"hundred"},{"surface":"riksdaler","lemma":"riksdal","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of komma","gloss":"riksdaler","note":"Historical Swedish currency unit, kept untranslated."}]},{"number":142,"label":"","id":"ch31-p31-s6","source":"Och så hade jag förtjänat säd på tröskningen, som far sen hämtade på vinterföret.","translation":"And besides, I had earned grain from the threshing, which father later fetched home in the winter sledding.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial clause on förtjänat","gloss":"besides"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of förtjänat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of förtjänat","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"förtjänat","lemma":"förtjänat","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"modifies säd","gloss":"earned"},{"surface":"säd","lemma":"säd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"grain"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tröskningen","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"tröskningen","lemma":"tröskning","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"the threshing"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of far","gloss":"which","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"far","lemma":"fara","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on tröskningen","gloss":"travels/flies","note":"Vildgässen far = the wild geese fly/travel; used generically for travel by any means."},{"surface":"sen","lemma":"sen","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on far","gloss":"later"},{"surface":"hämtade","lemma":"hämta","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies far","gloss":"fetched"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vinterföret","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"vinterföret","lemma":"vinterföret","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of far","gloss":"winter road conditions"}]},{"number":143,"label":"","id":"ch31-p31-s7","source":"Ja, ser ni, om inte jag och mina syskon hade kommit hem med våra slantar, så hade det inte funnits något att leva av.","translation":"Yes, you see, if my siblings and I had not come home with our coins, there would have been nothing to live on.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ja","lemma":"ja","morphology":"interjection","role":"depends on ser","gloss":"yes"},{"surface":"ser","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sees"},{"surface":"ni","lemma":"ni","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ser","gloss":"you","note":"second-person plural/formal pronoun, tagged singular by the parser."},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kommit","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies kommit","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kommit","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"mina","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"possessor of syskon","gloss":"my","note":"This entry is really the possessive \"mina\" (plural agreement), mistagged under the lemma jag."},{"surface":"syskon","lemma":"syskon","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"coordinated with jag","gloss":"siblings"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of kommit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"kommit","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"depends on funnits","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"hem","lemma":"hem","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kommit","gloss":"home"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking slantar","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"våra","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"possessor of slantar","gloss":"our","note":"Possessive form våra of the plural pronoun vi."},{"surface":"slantar","lemma":"slant","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of kommit","gloss":"coins"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial clause on funnits","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of funnits","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with funnits","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies funnits","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"funnits","lemma":"funnits","morphology":"verb, supine","role":"clausal complement of ser","gloss":"existed"},{"surface":"något","lemma":"någon","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of funnits","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of leva","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"leva","lemma":"leva","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clause modifying något","gloss":"to live"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking leva","gloss":"on"}]},{"number":144,"label":"","id":"ch31-p31-s8","source":"För säden från den egna jorden, den var för det mesta slut vid jultiden, och potatis odlade folk bara litet av på den tiden.","translation":"For the grain from our own land was mostly gone by Christmastime, and in those days people grew only a little potato.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"För","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking säden","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"säden","lemma":"säd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of var","gloss":"grain"},{"surface":"från","lemma":"från","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking jorden","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of jorden","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"egna","lemma":"egen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies jorden","gloss":"own"},{"surface":"jorden","lemma":"jord","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies säden","gloss":"earth"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"was","note":"the surface var here is the past tense of vara 'to be', not the pronoun."},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase var","gloss":"mostly"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"part of the phrase för","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"mesta","lemma":"mycken","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"part of the phrase för","gloss":"most","note":"Superlative 'mesta' of the archaic quantifier 'mycken' (much)."},{"surface":"slut","lemma":"slut","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies var","gloss":"end"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking jultiden","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"jultiden","lemma":"jultid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of var","gloss":"Christmastime"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"potatis","lemma":"potatis","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with var","gloss":"potatoes"},{"surface":"odlade","lemma":"odla","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"modifies folk","gloss":"grew"},{"surface":"folk","lemma":"folk","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of var","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"bara","lemma":"bara","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies litet","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"litet","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"a little","note":"this type bundles the positive and comparative degree forms (litet, mindre) under one entry."},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on var","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tiden","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of tiden","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"tiden","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of var","gloss":"time"}]},{"number":145,"label":"","id":"ch31-p31-s9","source":"Det var då att köpa säd hos handelsmannen, och när rågen kostade fyrti riksdaler tunnan och havren tjugufyra, så fick man allt lov att hushålla.","translation":"So one had to buy grain from the shopkeeper, and when the rye cost forty riksdaler the barrel and the oats twenty-four, one really had to manage carefully.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of köpa","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"köpa","lemma":"köpa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on var","gloss":"to buy"},{"surface":"säd","lemma":"säd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of köpa","gloss":"grain"},{"surface":"hos","lemma":"hos","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking handelsmannen","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"handelsmannen","lemma":"handelsmann","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of köpa","gloss":"shopkeeper"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kostade","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"rågen","lemma":"råg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kostade","gloss":"the rye"},{"surface":"kostade","lemma":"kosta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on riksdaler","gloss":"cost"},{"surface":"fyrti","lemma":"fyrti","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"part of the phrase kostade","gloss":"forty","note":"Historical shortened form of fyrtio, “forty.”"},{"surface":"riksdaler","lemma":"riksdal","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"depends on fick","gloss":"riksdaler","note":"Historical Swedish currency unit, kept untranslated."},{"surface":"tunnan","lemma":"tunna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of riksdaler","gloss":"barrel"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"havren","lemma":"havr","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with tunnan","gloss":"the oats"},{"surface":"tjugufyra","lemma":"tjugufyra","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies havren","gloss":"twenty-four","note":"Tjugu- is a historical variant of modern tjugo-."},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial clause on fick","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"fick","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with var","gloss":"had to"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fick","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"allt","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"modifies lov","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"lov","lemma":"lov","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of fick","gloss":"had to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of hushålla","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"hushålla","lemma":"hushålla","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on fick","gloss":"manage carefully"}]},{"number":146,"label":"","id":"ch31-p31-s10","source":"Jag minns, att vi flera gånger gav bort en ko för en tunna havre.","translation":"I remember that we several times gave away a cow for a barrel of oats.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of minns","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"minns","lemma":"minnas","morphology":"verb, present, indicative","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"remembers"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gav","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of gav","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"flera","lemma":"flera","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies gånger","gloss":"several"},{"surface":"gånger","lemma":"gång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of gav","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"gav","lemma":"ge","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of minns","gloss":"gave","note":"Light-verb idioms in the examples: \"gav ... till ett klagoskrik\" = let out a cry; \"gav sig tid\" = took the time — not literal \"gave\" in either case."},{"surface":"bort","lemma":"bort","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gav","gloss":"away"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of ko","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ko","lemma":"ko","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of gav","gloss":"cow"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking havre","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of havre","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"tunna","lemma":"tunn","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies havre","gloss":"thin"},{"surface":"havre","lemma":"havre","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gav","gloss":"oats"}]},{"number":147,"label":"","id":"ch31-p31-s11","source":"Vi bakade havrebröd med finhackad halm i på den tiden.","translation":"We baked oat bread with finely chopped straw in it in those days.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of bakade","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"bakade","lemma":"baka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"baked"},{"surface":"havrebröd","lemma":"havrebröd","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"complement of bakade","gloss":"oat bread"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking halm","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"finhackad","lemma":"finhacka","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies halm","gloss":"finely chopped"},{"surface":"halm","lemma":"halm","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of bakade","gloss":"straw"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tiden","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tiden","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of tiden","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"tiden","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of bakade","gloss":"time"}]},{"number":148,"label":"","id":"ch31-p31-s12","source":"Det var inte lätt att svälja sådant där halmbröd, ska jag säga.","translation":"It was not easy to swallow that straw bread, I must say.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with lätt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to lätt","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies lätt","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"lätt","lemma":"lätt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"easy","note":"ch01-p14 'ett lätt buller' renders as 'a faint noise' in the translation, a distinct sense from weight/air-lightness or ease."},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of svälja","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"svälja","lemma":"svälja","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on lätt","gloss":"swallow"},{"surface":"sådant","lemma":"sån","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of svälja","gloss":"such a thing"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies halmbröd","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"halmbröd","lemma":"halmbröd","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"in apposition to sådant","gloss":"straw bread"},{"surface":"ska","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of säga","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of säga","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"säga","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on lätt","gloss":"to say"}]},{"number":149,"label":"","id":"ch31-p31-s13","source":"Man fick dricka vatten mellan var tugga, för att det skulle gå ner.","translation":"One had to drink water between every bite, to get it down.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of dricka","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"fick","lemma":"få","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of dricka","gloss":"had to"},{"surface":"dricka","lemma":"dricka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"drink"},{"surface":"vatten","lemma":"vatten","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of dricka","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"mellan","lemma":"mellan","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of tugga","gloss":"between"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"var","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies tugga","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"tugga","lemma":"tugga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on dricka","gloss":"bite"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of gå","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase för","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of gå","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gå","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"gå","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on tugga","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gå","gloss":"down"}]},{"number":150,"label":"32","id":"ch31-p32-s1","source":"Så där höll jag på att vandra ända till det året, då jag gifte mig, och det var 1856.","translation":"So I kept on wandering off like that right up until the year I married, and that was 1856.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies höll","gloss":"like that"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies höll","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"höll","lemma":"hålla","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"kept on"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of höll","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of vandra","gloss":"kept on"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of vandra","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"vandra","lemma":"vandra","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on höll","gloss":"wander"},{"surface":"ända","lemma":"ända","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies året","gloss":"right up to"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking året","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of året","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"året","lemma":"år","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of vandra","gloss":"year"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gifte","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gifte","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"gifte","lemma":"giftea","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"relative clause on året","gloss":"married"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of gifte","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of 1856","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to 1856","gloss":"was"}]},{"number":151,"label":"","id":"ch31-p32-s2","source":"Se, Jon och jag, vi hade blivit go’vänsfolk i Stockholm.","translation":"You see, Jon and I had become sweethearts in Stockholm.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"look"},{"surface":"Jon","lemma":"Jon","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"direct object of Se","gloss":"Jon"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Se","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of blivit","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of blivit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"blivit","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"parallel clause to Se","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"go’vänsfolk","lemma":"godvänsfolk","morphology":"noun, nominative, plural","role":"complement of blivit","gloss":"sweethearts","note":"The surface go’vänsfolk is a colloquial contracted form."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Stockholm","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Stockholm","lemma":"Stockholm","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"modifies vänsfolk","gloss":"Stockholm"}]},{"number":152,"label":"","id":"ch31-p32-s3","source":"Och jag var liksom litet fruktande i mitt sinne, när jag drog hem om åren, att Stockholmsjäntorna skulle vända hans tankar från mig.","translation":"And I was a little fearful in my heart, when I went home each year, that the Stockholm girls would turn his thoughts away from me.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fruktande","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to fruktande","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"liksom","lemma":"liksom","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of fruktande","gloss":"somewhat"},{"surface":"litet","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies fruktande","gloss":"little"},{"surface":"fruktande","lemma":"fruktande","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"fearful"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sinne","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"mitt","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of sinne","gloss":"my","note":"This entry is really the possessive \"mitt\" (neuter agreement), mistagged under the lemma jag."},{"surface":"sinne","lemma":"sinne","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of fruktande","gloss":"heart"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of drog","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of drog","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"drog","lemma":"dra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on fruktande","gloss":"pulled"},{"surface":"hem","lemma":"hem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies drog","gloss":"home"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking åren","gloss":"each"},{"surface":"åren","lemma":"år","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of drog","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vända","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Stockholmsjäntorna","lemma":"Stockholmsjäntorna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of vända","gloss":"the Stockholm girls"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of vända","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"vända","lemma":"vända","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on drog","gloss":"to turn"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of tankar","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"tankar","lemma":"tanka","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of vända","gloss":"thoughts"},{"surface":"från","lemma":"från","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mig","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of vända","gloss":"me"}]},{"number":153,"label":"","id":"ch31-p32-s4","source":"De kallade honom »vackra Myr-Jon» och »den granna dalkarln», det visste jag.","translation":"They called him »handsome Myr-Jon» and »the fine fellow from Dalarna», that I knew.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of honom","gloss":"they","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"kallade","lemma":"kalla","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies honom","gloss":"called","note":"Mistagged as an adjective; 'kallade' here is the past tense of the verb 'kalla' (to call)."},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of visste","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"vackra","lemma":"vacker","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"clause modifying honom","gloss":"beautiful"},{"surface":"Myr-Jon","lemma":"Myr-Jon","morphology":"proper noun, genitive","role":"depends on vackra","gloss":"Myr-Jon"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of granna","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"granna","lemma":"granna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of vackra","gloss":"fine","note":"adjective granna ('fine, splendid, gaily colored'); mistagged as noun."},{"surface":"dalkarln","lemma":"dalkarln","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vackra","gloss":"the Dalarna man"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of visste","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"visste","lemma":"visste","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of visste","gloss":"I"}]},{"number":154,"label":"","id":"ch31-p32-s5","source":"Men han bar ingen falskhet i sitt hjärta, och när han hade sparat nog, så blev det bröllop av.","translation":"But he carried no falseness in his heart, and when he had saved enough, the wedding took place.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bar","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"bar","lemma":"ba","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"carried","note":"Tagged present tense, but every occurrence is the old preterite of bära (\"carried\"), not the present."},{"surface":"ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of falskhet","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"falskhet","lemma":"falskhet","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of bar","gloss":"falseness"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hjärta","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"sitt","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of hjärta","gloss":"his own","note":"possessive reflexive sitt, agreeing with a neuter noun."},{"surface":"hjärta","lemma":"hjärta","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of bar","gloss":"heart"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sparat","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sparat","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of sparat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"sparat","lemma":"spara","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"depends on blev","gloss":"saved"},{"surface":"nog","lemma":"nog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sparat","gloss":"enough"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial clause on blev","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to bar","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of bröllop","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"bröllop","lemma":"bröllop","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"wedding"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"complement of blev","gloss":"of"}]},{"number":155,"label":"33","id":"ch31-p33-s1","source":"Sen var det glädje och ingen sorg under några år, men det varade inte länge.","translation":"Then there was joy and no sorrow for some years, but it did not last long.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sen","lemma":"sen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies glädje","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to glädje","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of glädje","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"glädje","lemma":"glädje","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"joy"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of sorg","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"sorg","lemma":"sorg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with glädje","gloss":"sorrow"},{"surface":"under","lemma":"under","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking år","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"några","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of år","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"år","lemma":"år","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"modifies sorg","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of varade","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"varade","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with glädje","gloss":"lasted"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies varade","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"länge","lemma":"länge","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies varade","gloss":"long"}]},{"number":156,"label":"","id":"ch31-p33-s2","source":"1863 dog Jon, och jag stod ensam med fem små barn.","translation":"In 1863 Jon died, and I stood alone with five small children.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"dog","lemma":"dog","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"died"},{"surface":"Jon","lemma":"Jon","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of dog","gloss":"Jon"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of stod","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"stod","lemma":"stå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with dog","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"ensam","lemma":"ensam","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of stod","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking barn","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"fem","lemma":"fem","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies små","gloss":"five"},{"surface":"små","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies barn","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"barn","lemma":"barn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of stod","gloss":"children"}]},{"number":157,"label":"","id":"ch31-p33-s3","source":"Men det blev inte så illa för oss ändå, för nu hade det börjat bli bättre tider i Dalarna.","translation":"But it did not turn out so badly for us after all, for by then times had begun to grow better in Dalarna.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies blev","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies illa","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"illa","lemma":"illa","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"complement of blev","gloss":"badly"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking oss","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"oss","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of blev","gloss":"us"},{"surface":"ändå","lemma":"ändå","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies blev","gloss":"after all"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of börjat","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies börjat","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of börjat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with börjat","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"börjat","lemma":"börja","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on blev","gloss":"begun"},{"surface":"bli","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of börjat","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"bättre","lemma":"bra","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"modifies tider","gloss":"better"},{"surface":"tider","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"complement of bli","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dalarna","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Dalarna","lemma":"Dalarna","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of bli","gloss":"Dalarna"}]},{"number":158,"label":"","id":"ch31-p33-s4","source":"Nu fanns det gott om potatis och gott om säd.","translation":"Now there was plenty of potatoes and plenty of grain.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fanns","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"fanns","lemma":"finnas","morphology":"verb, past, indicative","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"there was","note":"existential verb; fanns = 'there was/were, existed.'"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with fanns","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"gott","lemma":"god","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies fanns","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking potatis","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"potatis","lemma":"potatis","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of fanns","gloss":"potatoes"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"gott","lemma":"gott","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies säd","gloss":"plenty"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase gott","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"säd","lemma":"säd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with potatis","gloss":"grain"}]},{"number":159,"label":"","id":"ch31-p33-s5","source":"Det var stor skillnad mot förr i världen.","translation":"It was a great difference from the old days.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of skillnad","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to skillnad","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies skillnad","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"skillnad","lemma":"skillnad","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"difference"},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking förr","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"förr","lemma":"förr","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies skillnad","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking världen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"världen","lemma":"värld","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of förr","gloss":"world"}]},{"number":160,"label":"","id":"ch31-p33-s6","source":"Jag skötte själv de små jordbitarna, som jag hade ärvt, och jag hade en egen stuga.","translation":"I tended the small plots of land I had inherited myself, and I had a cottage of my own.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of skötte","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"skötte","lemma":"sköta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"tended","note":"this type mixes two different verbs that share the past-tense surface sköt; skötte is unambiguously 'tended'."},{"surface":"själv","lemma":"själv","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies skötte","gloss":"myself"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of jordbitarna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"små","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies jordbitarna","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"jordbitarna","lemma":"jordbitarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of skötte","gloss":"the plots of land"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of ärvt","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ärvt","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"ärvt","lemma":"ärva","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"relative clause on jordbitarna","gloss":"inherited"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with skötte","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of stuga","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"egen","lemma":"egen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies stuga","gloss":"own"},{"surface":"stuga","lemma":"stuga","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"cottage"}]},{"number":161,"label":"","id":"ch31-p33-s7","source":"Så gick år efter år, och barnen växte opp.","translation":"So year followed year, and the children grew up.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gick","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"gick","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"år","lemma":"år","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of gick","gloss":"year"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking år","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"år","lemma":"år","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of gick","gloss":"year"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"barnen","lemma":"barn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of växte","gloss":"children"},{"surface":"växte","lemma":"växa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with gick","gloss":"grew"},{"surface":"opp","lemma":"opp","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of växte","gloss":"up","note":"Dialectal form of upp (\"up\"), mistagged as a noun by the parser."}]},{"number":162,"label":"","id":"ch31-p33-s8","source":"De är välbärgade, de av dem, som nu lever, Gud ske lov!","translation":"They are well off now, those of them who are still living, thank God!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of välbärgade","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to välbärgade","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"välbärgade","lemma":"välbärgad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"well-off"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of ske","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"modifies de","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of lever","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lever","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"lever","lemma":"leva","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on dem","gloss":"lives"},{"surface":"Gud","lemma":"Gud","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of ske","gloss":"God"},{"surface":"ske","lemma":"ske","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on välbärgade","gloss":"happen"},{"surface":"lov","lemma":"lov","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies välbärgade","gloss":"praise"}]},{"number":163,"label":"","id":"ch31-p33-s9","source":"De kan inte riktigt tänka sig hur knappt om brödet det var för Dalarnas folk, när mor deras var ung.»","translation":"They cannot really imagine how scarce bread was for the people of Dalarna when their mother was young.»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of tänka","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tänka","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies tänka","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"riktigt","lemma":"riktig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tänka","gloss":"truly"},{"surface":"tänka","lemma":"tänka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to think"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of tänka","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"hur","lemma":"hur","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies knappt","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"knappt","lemma":"knappt","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial clause on tänka","gloss":"hardly"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase knappt","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"brödet","lemma":"bröd","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of var","gloss":"bread"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of tänka","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking folk","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"Dalarnas","lemma":"Dalarna","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, plural","role":"possessor of folk","gloss":"Dalarna's"},{"surface":"folk","lemma":"folk","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of var","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ung.","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"mor","lemma":"mor","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ung.","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"deras","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of ung.","gloss":"their","note":"possessive form deras of the plural pronoun de."},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to ung.","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"ung.","lemma":"ung.","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial clause on var","gloss":"young"}]},{"number":164,"label":"34","id":"ch31-p34-s1","source":"Den gamla tystnade.","translation":"The old woman fell silent.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of tystnade","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gamla","lemma":"gammal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies tystnade","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"tystnade","lemma":"tystnad","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"fell silent"}]},{"number":165,"label":"","id":"ch31-p34-s2","source":"Medan hon hade talat, hade elden brunnit ner, och nu reste sig alla och sade, att det var tid att bryta upp.","translation":"While she had been speaking, the fire had burned low, and now everyone stood up and said it was time to break up.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Medan","lemma":"medan","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of talat","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of talat","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of talat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"talat","lemma":"tala","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on hade","gloss":"talked"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of brunnit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"elden","lemma":"elde","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of brunnit","gloss":"fire"},{"surface":"brunnit","lemma":"brunnit","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"burned"},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on brunnit","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies reste","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"reste","lemma":"resa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with brunnit","gloss":"stood up"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of reste","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"direct object of reste","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with reste","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tid","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with tid","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to tid","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"tid","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clausal complement of reste","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of bryta","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"bryta","lemma":"bryta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clause modifying tid","gloss":"break up"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on bryta","gloss":"up"}]},{"number":166,"label":"","id":"ch31-p34-s3","source":"Pojken begav sig åstad utåt isen för att söka reda på reskamraterna, men medan han sprang ensam i mörkret, ljöd för hans öron en vers, som han nyss hade hört sjungas från bryggan: »I Dalarna bodde, i Dalarna bor bland armod än trohet och ära...","translation":"The boy set off out across the ice to look for his traveling companions, but as he ran alone in the darkness, a verse he had just heard sung from the pier sounded in his ears: »In Dalarna I dwelt, in Dalarna I dwell, amid poverty still faith and honor…","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of begav","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"begav","lemma":"begava","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"set off"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of begav","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"åstad","lemma":"åstad","morphology":"verb, past, participle, common gender, singular, nominative","role":"complement of begav","gloss":"off","note":"Fixed adverbial particle used with verbs of motion (satte åstad, gav sig åstad = 'set off')."},{"surface":"utåt","lemma":"utåt","morphology":"adverb","role":"preposition marking isen","gloss":"out across"},{"surface":"isen","lemma":"is","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of åstad","gloss":"ice"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of söka","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of söka","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"söka","lemma":"söka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on åstad","gloss":"search"},{"surface":"reda","lemma":"reda","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on söka","gloss":"find out","note":"part of the fixed expression leta/taga/söka reda på, 'find out'; all four attested examples mean find/know, not organize/sort."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking reskamraterna","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"reskamraterna","lemma":"reskamrat","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of söka","gloss":"traveling companions"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"medan","lemma":"medan","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sprang","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sprang","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"sprang","lemma":"sprang","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with söka","gloss":"ran"},{"surface":"ensam","lemma":"ensam","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies sprang","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mörkret","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"mörkret","lemma":"mörker","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of sprang","gloss":"darkness"},{"surface":"ljöd","lemma":"ljöd","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"coordinated with begav","gloss":"sounded"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking öron","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of öron","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"öron","lemma":"öron","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of ljöd","gloss":"ears"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"numeral, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of vers","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"vers","lemma":"ver","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of begav","gloss":"a verse"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of hört","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hört","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"nyss","lemma":"nyss","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hört","gloss":"just now"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of hört","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"hört","lemma":"höra","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"relative clause on vers","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"sjungas","lemma":"sjunga","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"complement of hört","gloss":"to be sung"},{"surface":"från","lemma":"från","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bryggan","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"bryggan","lemma":"brygga","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sjungas","gloss":"pier"},{"surface":"I","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dalarna","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Dalarna","lemma":"Dalarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of bodde","gloss":"Dalarna","note":"Swedish province."},{"surface":"bodde","lemma":"bodde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"depends on bor","gloss":"lived"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dalarna","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Dalarna","lemma":"Dalarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of bodde","gloss":"Dalarna","note":"Swedish province."},{"surface":"bor","lemma":"bo","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lives"},{"surface":"bland","lemma":"bland","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking armod","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"armod","lemma":"armod","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of bor","gloss":"poverty"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of trohet","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"trohet","lemma":"trohet","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of bor","gloss":"faithfulness"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ära","lemma":"ära","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with trohet","gloss":"honor"}]},{"number":167,"label":"","id":"ch31-p34-s4","source":"Sedan var det något, som han inte kom ihåg, men slutet på visan mindes han: »De blandat med bark icke sällan sitt bröd, men mäktiga herrar dock funno sitt stöd hos fattiga männer i Dalom.»","translation":"Then there was something he could not remember, but the end of the song he did remember: »They have mixed their bread with bark, not seldom, yet mighty lords have found their support among the poor men of Dalom.»","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Dalom","title":"Poetic dative-plural form of «Dalarna»","body":"«Dalom» is an old dative plural ending (-om), preserved here only because it survives in the folk song's rhyme; ordinary modern Swedish would say «Dalarna» in any grammatical role."}],"words":[{"surface":"Sedan","lemma":"sedan","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of något","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to något","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with något","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"något","lemma":"någon","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"something"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of kom","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"depends on något","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"ihåg","lemma":"ihåg","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kom","gloss":"to mind (remember)","note":"only occurs in the fixed phrase komma ihåg 'to remember'."},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"slutet","lemma":"slut","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of passive mindes","gloss":"end"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking visan","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"visan","lemma":"visan","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies slutet","gloss":"the song"},{"surface":"mindes","lemma":"mindes","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, passive","role":"coordinated with något","gloss":"remembered","note":"Past tense of minnas (\"to remember\"), deponent in form but active in meaning."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of mindes","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of blandat","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"blandat","lemma":"blanda","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"mixed"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bark","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"bark","lemma":"bark","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of blandat","gloss":"bark"},{"surface":"icke","lemma":"icke","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies bröd","gloss":"not","note":"Icke is a formal or literary equivalent of inte."},{"surface":"sällan","lemma":"sällan","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bröd","gloss":"seldom"},{"surface":"sitt","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of bröd","gloss":"his own","note":"possessive reflexive sitt, agreeing with a neuter noun."},{"surface":"bröd","lemma":"bröd","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of blandat","gloss":"bread"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"mäktiga","lemma":"mäktig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies herrar","gloss":"mighty"},{"surface":"herrar","lemma":"herre","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of funno","gloss":"lords"},{"surface":"dock","lemma":"dock","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies funno","gloss":"yet/still"},{"surface":"funno","lemma":"funno","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with blandat","gloss":"found","note":"Archaic plural past tense of finna \"to find\"; mislabeled as supine."},{"surface":"sitt","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of stöd","gloss":"his own","note":"possessive reflexive sitt, agreeing with a neuter noun."},{"surface":"stöd","lemma":"stöd","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of funno","gloss":"support"},{"surface":"hos","lemma":"hos","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking männer","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"fattiga","lemma":"fattig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies männer","gloss":"poor"},{"surface":"männer","lemma":"männa","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of funno","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dalom","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"Dalom","lemma":"Dalom","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of männer","gloss":"Dalarna"}]},{"number":168,"label":"35","id":"ch31-p35-s1","source":"Pojken hade inte alldeles förgätit allt det, som han hade hört om Sturarna och Gustav Vasa, och han hade alltid undrat varför de skulle söka hjälp just hos dalkarlarna, men nu kunde han förstå det.","translation":"The boy had not entirely forgotten all that he had heard about the Sture family and Gustav Vasa, and he had always wondered why they should have sought help especially among the men of Dalarna, but now he could understand it.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of förgätit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies förgätit","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"alldeles","lemma":"alldeles","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies förgätit","gloss":"quite"},{"surface":"förgätit","lemma":"förgäta","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on undrat","gloss":"forgotten","note":"An archaic literary verb for modern Swedish glömma."},{"surface":"allt","lemma":"allt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies förgätit","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"part of the phrase allt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"part of the phrase allt","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hört","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of hört","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"hört","lemma":"höra","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"relative clause on som","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Sturarna","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"Sturarna","lemma":"Sturarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of förgätit","gloss":"the Sture family"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Gustav","lemma":"Gustav","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with Sturarna","gloss":"Gustav"},{"surface":"Vasa","lemma":"Vasa","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"modifies Gustav","gloss":"Vasa"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of undrat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"alltid","lemma":"alltid","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies undrat","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"undrat","lemma":"undrad","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"wondered"},{"surface":"varför","lemma":"varför","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies söka","gloss":"why"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of söka","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of söka","gloss":"should"},{"surface":"söka","lemma":"söka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of undrat","gloss":"search"},{"surface":"hjälp","lemma":"hjälp","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of söka","gloss":"help"},{"surface":"just","lemma":"just","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies söka","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"hos","lemma":"hos","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dalkarlarna","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"dalkarlarna","lemma":"dalkarl","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of just","gloss":"the Dalarna men"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies förstå","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of förstå","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of förstå","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"förstå","lemma":"förstå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with söka","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of förstå","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":169,"label":"","id":"ch31-p35-s2","source":"För i ett land, där det fanns sådana kvinnfolk som den gamla därborta vid elden, måtte ju karlarna vara rent omöjliga att få bukt på.","translation":"For in a land where there were such women as the old one back there by the fire, the men, surely, must be quite impossible to get the better of.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"För","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking land","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking land","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of land","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"land","lemma":"land","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"land"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fanns","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with fanns","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"fanns","lemma":"finnas","morphology":"verb, past, indicative","role":"relative clause on land","gloss":"there was","note":"existential verb; fanns = 'there was/were, existed.'"},{"surface":"sådana","lemma":"sån","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies kvinnfolk","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"kvinnfolk","lemma":"kvinnfolk","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of fanns","gloss":"womenfolk"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of därborta","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of gamla","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gamla","lemma":"gammal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies därborta","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"därborta","lemma":"därborta","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial clause on fanns","gloss":"over there"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking elden","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"elden","lemma":"eld","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of därborta","gloss":"fire"},{"surface":"måtte","lemma":"måtte","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies omöjliga","gloss":"must","note":"Modal verb (cognate of måste), mistagged as adverb. Bare måtte means \"must\"; the perfect sense (\"must have\") comes only from an adjacent ha + supine, as in the måtte komma sig example, which translates as plain \"must.\""},{"surface":"ju","lemma":"ju","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies omöjliga","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"karlarna","lemma":"karlarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of omöjliga","gloss":"the men"},{"surface":"vara","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to omöjliga","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"rent","lemma":"ren","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies omöjliga","gloss":"purely"},{"surface":"omöjliga","lemma":"omöjlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with därborta","gloss":"impossible"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of få","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"få","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on omöjliga","gloss":"overcome"},{"surface":"bukt","lemma":"bukt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of få","gloss":"the better of"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking få","gloss":"the better of"}]}]}