{"work":{"slug":"nils","title":{"source":"Nils Holgerssons underbara resa genom Sverige","translated":"The Wonderful Adventures of Nils"},"author":"Selma Lagerlöf","language":"Swedish","languageCode":"sv","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/nils"},"unit":{"kind":"chapter","number":null,"id":"ch36","title":{"source":"Dunfin","translated":"Dunfin"},"section":"The Wonderful Adventures of Nils","summary":null,"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/nils/ch36","lines":248},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/books/nils/ch35","next":"https://1732studios.com/books/nils/ch37","license":"Source text: public domain (Selma Lagerlöf, d. 1940; first published 1906–1907). English translation: © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC — original draft, pending editorial review.","audioBase":null,"lines":[{"number":1,"label":"1","id":"ch36-p1-s1","source":"Ingen kunde vara mera mild och god än den lilla grågåsen Dunfin.","translation":"No one could be milder or kinder than the little gray goose Dunfin.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"grågåsen","title":"«grågås» — the greylag goose","body":"«Grågås» (plural «grågäss») names the greylag goose, Anser anser, Sweden's common wild goose — and the ancestor of the domestic goose, which is simply its domesticated form. Dunfin is a tame goose of greylag stock, so what marks her out in Akka's wild flock is her farmyard upbringing, not her species."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of mild","gloss":"no one"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of mild","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"vara","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to mild","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"mera","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies mild","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"mild","lemma":"mild","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Dunfin","gloss":"mild"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"god","lemma":"god","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with mild","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of grågåsen","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of grågåsen","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"lilla","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies grågåsen","gloss":"little"},{"surface":"grågåsen","lemma":"grågåse","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial clause on mild","gloss":"greylag goose"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Dunfin"}]},{"number":2,"label":"","id":"ch36-p1-s2","source":"Alla vildgässen tyckte mycket om henne, och den vita gåskarlen hade kunnat gå i döden för henne.","translation":"All the wild geese were very fond of her, and the white gander would have gone to his death for her.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"gåskarlen","title":"en-word + definite suffix -en","body":"«Gåskarl» ('goose' + 'man' = gander) is an en-word, so 'the gander' is formed by suffixing «-en» rather than adding a separate article: «gåskarlen». Swedish marks definiteness on the noun itself; ett-words instead take «-et» («skäret», 'the skerry')."},{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"gåskarlen","title":"«gåskarl» — a compound for 'gander'","body":"Literally 'goose-man'. Mårten Gåskarl (Martin Gander) is the tame white farm-goose who joins the wild flock; the compound is typical of Swedish's habit of building animal-sex terms by adding «-karl»/«-hona» to a species name."}],"words":[{"surface":"Alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of vildgässen","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tyckte","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"tyckte","lemma":"tycka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"mycket","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tyckte","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking henne","gloss":"fond of"},{"surface":"henne","lemma":"henne","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of tyckte","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of gåskarlen","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"vita","lemma":"vit","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies gåskarlen","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"gåskarlen","lemma":"gåskarl","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of gå","gloss":"gander","note":"morphology tag says plural but the surfaces are the singular definite/indefinite forms of gåskarl."},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gå","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"kunnat","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, supine","role":"auxiliary of gå","gloss":"been able to"},{"surface":"gå","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with tyckte","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking döden","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"döden","lemma":"döde","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gå","gloss":"death","note":"Surface 'döden' is the definite form."},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking henne","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"henne","lemma":"henne","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gå","gloss":"her"}]},{"number":3,"label":"","id":"ch36-p1-s3","source":"När Dunfin bad om något, förmådde inte en gång Akka säga nej.","translation":"When Dunfin asked for something, not even Akka could bring herself to say no.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"När","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of bad","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bad","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"bad","lemma":"be","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on förmådde","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking något","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"något","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of bad","gloss":"something"},{"surface":"förmådde","lemma":"förmåd","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"could manage","note":"From förmå, 'to be able to'; here in 'allt vad han förmådde' = 'as fast as he could manage'."},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies förmådde","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of gång","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gång","lemma":"gång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Akka","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of förmådde","gloss":"Akka","note":"Proper name of the lead wild goose."},{"surface":"säga","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of förmådde","gloss":"to say"},{"surface":"nej","lemma":"nej","morphology":"interjection","role":"subject of förmådde","gloss":"no"}]},{"number":4,"label":"2","id":"ch36-p2-s1","source":"Så snart Dunfin kom till Mälaren, började hon känna igen landskapet.","translation":"As soon as Dunfin reached Lake Mälaren, she began to recognize the countryside.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Dunfin","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"snart","lemma":"snart","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase Så","gloss":"soon"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Mälaren","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Mälaren","lemma":"Mälaren","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of kom","gloss":"Mälaren","note":"the large lake near Stockholm."},{"surface":"började","lemma":"börja","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to kom","gloss":"began"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of började","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"känna","lemma":"känna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of började","gloss":"to feel"},{"surface":"igen","lemma":"igen","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on känna","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"landskapet","lemma":"landskap","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of känna","gloss":"countryside"}]},{"number":5,"label":"","id":"ch36-p2-s2","source":"Härutanför låg havet med en stor skärgård, och där bodde hennes föräldrar och syskon på en liten holme.","translation":"Out beyond it lay the sea with a great archipelago, and there her parents and siblings lived on a small islet.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Härutanför låg","title":"V2: fronted adverb, inverted verb","body":"Swedish is a strict verb-second (V2) language: whatever element opens the clause, the finite verb must come next. Here the adverb «härutanför» ('out beyond here') is fronted for emphasis, so the verb «låg» ('lay') is pushed ahead of its subject «havet» — 'Out beyond lay the sea', not the English-order 'Out beyond the sea lay'."},{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"skärgård","title":"«skärgård» — archipelago","body":"Literally 'skerry-yard': the belt of thousands of small rocky islands fringing Sweden's Baltic coast. The word recurs throughout this chapter, whose whole plot is a detour into one such archipelago near Stockholm."}],"words":[{"surface":"Härutanför","lemma":"härutanför","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies låg","gloss":"out here"},{"surface":"låg","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lay"},{"surface":"havet","lemma":"hav","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of låg","gloss":"sea"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skärgård","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of skärgård","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies skärgård","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"skärgård","lemma":"skärgård","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of låg","gloss":"archipelago"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bodde","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"bodde","lemma":"bodde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with låg","gloss":"lived"},{"surface":"hennes","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of föräldrar","gloss":"her","note":"possessive form hennes of the pronoun hon."},{"surface":"föräldrar","lemma":"förälder","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of bodde","gloss":"parents"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"syskon","lemma":"syskon","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"coordinated with föräldrar","gloss":"siblings"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking holme","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of holme","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"liten","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies holme","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"holme","lemma":"holme","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of bodde","gloss":"islet"}]},{"number":6,"label":"","id":"ch36-p2-s3","source":"Hon bad vildgässen, att de skulle fara till hennes hem, innan de reste vidare norrut, så att hon finge visa de sina, att hon ännu var vid liv.","translation":"She begged the wild geese to go to her home before they traveled on northward, so that she might show her own that she was still alive.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bad","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"bad","lemma":"be","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"begged"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bad","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fara","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of fara","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of fara","gloss":"should"},{"surface":"fara","lemma":"fara","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of visa","gloss":"go","note":"some listed surfaces (fara, far) are actually forms of the unrelated verb fara 'to travel/go'; gloss the noun sense danger for the noun-tagged type."},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hem","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"hennes","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of hem","gloss":"her","note":"possessive form hennes of the pronoun hon."},{"surface":"hem","lemma":"hem","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies fara","gloss":"home"},{"surface":"innan","lemma":"innan","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of reste","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of reste","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"reste","lemma":"reste","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on fara","gloss":"traveled"},{"surface":"vidare","lemma":"vidare","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies reste","gloss":"further"},{"surface":"norrut","lemma":"norrut","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies reste","gloss":"northward"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of finge","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase så","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of finge","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"finge","lemma":"finge","morphology":"verb, past, subjunctive, active","role":"adverbial clause on visa","gloss":"might get to","note":"Archaic past subjunctive of få (\"to get/be allowed\")."},{"surface":"visa","lemma":"visa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"parallel clause to bad","gloss":"to show"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of sina","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"sina","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"direct object of visa","gloss":"her own"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of var","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"ännu","lemma":"ännu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clause modifying sina","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking liv","gloss":"alive"},{"surface":"liv","lemma":"liv","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of var","gloss":"alive"}]},{"number":7,"label":"","id":"ch36-p2-s4","source":"Det skulle bli en så stor glädje för dem.","translation":"It would be such a great joy to them.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with bli","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of bli","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"bli","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of glädje","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stor","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies glädje","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"glädje","lemma":"glädje","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of bli","gloss":"joy"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"oblique complement of bli","gloss":"them"}]},{"number":8,"label":"3","id":"ch36-p3-s1","source":"Akka sade ärligt ifrån, att hon tyckte, att Dunfins föräldrar och syskon inte hade visat henne stor kärlek, när de hade övergivit henne på Öland.","translation":"Akka said frankly that she thought Dunfin's parents and siblings had not shown her much love, when they had abandoned her on Öland.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"ärligt","lemma":"ärlig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sade","gloss":"frankly"},{"surface":"ifrån","lemma":"ifrån","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on sade","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tyckte","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tyckte","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"tyckte","lemma":"tycka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on sade","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of visat","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Dunfins","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of föräldrar","gloss":"Dunfin's"},{"surface":"föräldrar","lemma":"förälder","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of visat","gloss":"parents"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"syskon","lemma":"syskon","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"coordinated with föräldrar","gloss":"siblings"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies visat","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of visat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"visat","lemma":"visa","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"clausal complement of sade","gloss":"shown"},{"surface":"henne","lemma":"henne","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of visat","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies kärlek","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"kärlek","lemma":"kärlek","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of visat","gloss":"love"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of övergivit","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of övergivit","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of övergivit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"övergivit","lemma":"övergivi","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with visat","gloss":"abandoned"},{"surface":"henne","lemma":"henne","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of övergivit","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Öland","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"Öland","lemma":"Öland","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of övergivit","gloss":"Öland"}]},{"number":9,"label":"","id":"ch36-p3-s2","source":"Men Dunfin ville inte ge henne rätt i detta.","translation":"But Dunfin would not admit she was right about this.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ge","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"ville","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ge","gloss":"wanted to"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies ge","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ge","lemma":"ge","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to give"},{"surface":"henne","lemma":"henne","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of ge","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"rätt","lemma":"rätt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of ge","gloss":"right"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking detta","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of ge","gloss":"this"}]},{"number":10,"label":"","id":"ch36-p3-s3","source":"»Vad annat skulle de göra, när de såg, att jag inte kunde flyga?» sade hon.","translation":"“What else were they to do, when they saw that I could not fly?” she said.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vad","lemma":"vad","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of skulle","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"annat","lemma":"annan","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"depends on skulle","gloss":"else"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of göra","gloss":"were to"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of göra","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"göra","lemma":"göra","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of såg","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"såg","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on göra","gloss":"saw","note":"past tense of se, 'to see.'"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of flyga","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of flyga","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies flyga","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of flyga","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"flyga","lemma":"flyga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of såg","gloss":"fly"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"she"}]},{"number":11,"label":"","id":"ch36-p3-s4","source":"»Inte kunde de stanna kvar på Öland för min skull.»","translation":"“They could hardly stay behind on Öland for my sake.”","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies stanna","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of stanna","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of stanna","gloss":"they","note":"surfaces are actually the plural pronoun de, not a form of en."},{"surface":"stanna","lemma":"stanna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stay"},{"surface":"kvar","lemma":"kvar","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on stanna","gloss":"still there"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Öland","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"Öland","lemma":"Öland","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of stanna","gloss":"Öland"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking min","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"min","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of skull","gloss":"my","note":"possessive form min of the pronoun jag."},{"surface":"skull","lemma":"skull","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stanna","gloss":"sake","note":"only occurs in the fixed phrase för ... skull 'for the sake of'."}]},{"number":12,"label":"4","id":"ch36-p4-s1","source":"Dunfin började berätta vildgässen om sitt hem ute i skärgården för att förmå dem att göra resan.","translation":"Dunfin began telling the wild geese about her home out in the archipelago, to persuade them to make the journey.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of började","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"började","lemma":"börja","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"began"},{"surface":"berätta","lemma":"berätta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of började","gloss":"to tell"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of berätta","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hem","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"sitt","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of hem","gloss":"his own","note":"possessive reflexive sitt, agreeing with a neuter noun."},{"surface":"hem","lemma":"hem","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of berätta","gloss":"home"},{"surface":"ute","lemma":"ute","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hem","gloss":"outside"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skärgården","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"skärgården","lemma":"skärgård","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ute","gloss":"archipelago"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of förmå","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of förmå","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"förmå","lemma":"förmå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on berätta","gloss":"persuade"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of förmå","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of göra","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"göra","lemma":"göra","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on förmå","gloss":"make"},{"surface":"resan","lemma":"resa","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of göra","gloss":"journey"}]},{"number":13,"label":"","id":"ch36-p4-s2","source":"Det var en klippholme.","translation":"It was a rocky islet.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"klippholme","title":"«klippholme» — rocky islet","body":"A compound of «klippa» (cliff/bare rock) and «holme» (small island): a barren-looking skerry, exactly the kind of place Selma Lagerlöf uses this chapter to describe for young Swedish readers learning their coastal geography."}],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of klippholme","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to klippholme","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of klippholme","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"klippholme","lemma":"klippholme","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"rocky islet"}]},{"number":14,"label":"","id":"ch36-p4-s3","source":"Såg man den på avstånd, kunde man tro, att där inte fanns annat än sten, men när man kom dit, upptäckte man det ypperligaste bete i klyftor och fördjupningar.","translation":"Seen from a distance, one might think there was nothing there but bare rock, but once you arrived, you discovered the finest grazing in the clefts and hollows.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"Såg man","title":"Conditional without «om»","body":"«Såg man den på avstånd...» means 'If one saw it from a distance...' — the conditional conjunction «om» ('if') is dropped and the verb simply moves to the front of the clause, the same V2-driven trick English uses in 'Were I you...'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Såg","lemma":"såg","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on upptäckte","gloss":"seen","note":"This type conflates two homographs: 'såg' as the irregular past tense of se (to see) and 'såg/sågar' as the verb/tool 'saw'."},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Såg","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of Såg","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking avstånd","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"avstånd","lemma":"avstånd","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of Såg","gloss":"distance"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tro","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tro","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"tro","lemma":"tro","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with Såg","gloss":"believe"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fanns","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fanns","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies fanns","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"fanns","lemma":"finnas","morphology":"verb, past, indicative","role":"clausal complement of tro","gloss":"there was","note":"existential verb; fanns = 'there was/were, existed.'"},{"surface":"annat","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies fanns","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sten","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"sten","lemma":"sten","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of fanns","gloss":"stone"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kom","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with Såg","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"dit","lemma":"dit","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"upptäckte","lemma":"upptäcka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"discovered"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of upptäckte","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of bete","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ypperligaste","lemma":"ypperlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"modifies bete","gloss":"the finest"},{"surface":"bete","lemma":"bete","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of upptäckte","gloss":"grazing"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking klyftor","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"klyftor","lemma":"klyfta","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of upptäckte","gloss":"clefts"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fördjupningar","lemma":"fördjupning","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with klyftor","gloss":"hollows"}]},{"number":15,"label":"","id":"ch36-p4-s4","source":"Och bättre häckplatser än de, som funnos där i bergskrevorna eller mellan videbuskarna, det fick man leta efter.","translation":"And better nesting places than those found there in the crevices of the rock or among the willow bushes, one would have to search hard to find.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bättre","lemma":"bra","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"modifies häckplatser","gloss":"better"},{"surface":"häckplatser","lemma":"häckplats","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"nesting places"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of de","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"clause modifying häckplatser","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of funnos","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"funnos","lemma":"funnos","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"relative clause on de","gloss":"there were","note":"this is the archaic plural past tense of finnas ('to exist'), not a noun."},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bergskrevorna","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bergskrevorna","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"bergskrevorna","lemma":"bergskrevorna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of funnos","gloss":"the rock crevices"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"mellan","lemma":"mellan","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking videbuskarna","gloss":"between"},{"surface":"videbuskarna","lemma":"videbuskarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with bergskrevorna","gloss":"willow bushes"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of leta","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"fick","lemma":"få","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of leta","gloss":"had to"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of leta","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"leta","lemma":"leta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"parallel clause to häckplatser","gloss":"to search"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking leta","gloss":"for"}]},{"number":16,"label":"","id":"ch36-p4-s5","source":"Men det bästa av allt var den gamla fiskaren, som bodde därute.","translation":"But best of all was the old fisherman who lived out there.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of bästa","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"bästa","lemma":"bra","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"best"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking allt","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"allt","lemma":"all","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of fiskaren","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to fiskaren","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of fiskaren","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gamla","lemma":"gammal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies fiskaren","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"fiskaren","lemma":"fiskare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bästa","gloss":"fisherman"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of bodde","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"bodde","lemma":"boda","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on fiskaren","gloss":"lived"},{"surface":"därute","lemma":"därute","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bodde","gloss":"out there"}]},{"number":17,"label":"","id":"ch36-p4-s6","source":"Dunfin hade hört, att han i sina unga år skulle ha varit en stor skytt och ständigt legat ute i havsbandet och jagat fåglar.","translation":"Dunfin had heard that in his young days he was said to have been a great marksman, forever out along the outer skerries hunting birds.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hört","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of hört","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"hört","lemma":"höra","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of skytt","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of skytt","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking år","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"sina","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"possessor of år","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"unga","lemma":"ung","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies år","gloss":"young"},{"surface":"år","lemma":"år","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of skytt","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of skytt","gloss":"was said to"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of skytt","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"varit","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, supine","role":"copula linking to skytt","gloss":"been"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of skytt","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies skytt","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"skytt","lemma":"skytt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clausal complement of hört","gloss":"marksman"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ständigt","lemma":"ständig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies legat","gloss":"constantly"},{"surface":"legat","lemma":"lega","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with skytt","gloss":"lain","note":"Supine of 'ligga' (to lie); lemma should be 'ligga'."},{"surface":"ute","lemma":"ute","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on legat","gloss":"outside"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking havsbandet","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"havsbandet","lemma":"havsbande","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of legat","gloss":"outer skerries"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"jagat","lemma":"jagaa","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with legat","gloss":"hunted"},{"surface":"fåglar","lemma":"fågel","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of jagat","gloss":"birds"}]},{"number":18,"label":"","id":"ch36-p4-s7","source":"Men nu på gamla dar, sedan hustrun var död och barnen hade dragit hemifrån, så att han var ensam i boet, hade han börjat vårda sig om fåglarna ute på sitt skär.","translation":"But now in his old age, since his wife had died and the children had moved away from home, so that he was alone in the nest, he had taken to caring for the birds out on his skerry.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"vårda sig om","title":"Reflexive + particle verb","body":"«Vårda sig om» ('to look after, take care of') pairs the verb «vårda» with the reflexive pronoun «sig» and the particle «om»; the reflexive marks that the caring is a stance the fisherman takes on, not an action done directly to an object."}],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dar","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dar","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"gamla","lemma":"gammal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies dar","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"dar","lemma":"d","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of börjat","gloss":"days"},{"surface":"sedan","lemma":"sedan","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of död","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"hustrun","lemma":"hustru","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of död","gloss":"wife"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to död","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"död","lemma":"död","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial clause on dar","gloss":"died","note":"Examples mix the noun (döden) with adjectival uses (död gås); flag if the occurrence is adjectival."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"barnen","lemma":"barn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of dragit","gloss":"children"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of dragit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"dragit","lemma":"draga","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with död","gloss":"moved away","note":"Archaic supine of dra; sense shifts widely with the particle it governs (dragit i led, dragit ihop, dragit bort, dragit upp)."},{"surface":"hemifrån","lemma":"hemifrån","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on dragit","gloss":"from home"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of ensam","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase så","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ensam","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to ensam","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"ensam","lemma":"ensam","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial clause on dar","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking boet","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"boet","lemma":"bo","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of ensam","gloss":"the nest"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of börjat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of börjat","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"börjat","lemma":"börja","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"begun"},{"surface":"vårda","lemma":"vårda","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of börjat","gloss":"tend"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of vårda","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fåglarna","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"fåglarna","lemma":"fåglarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of vårda","gloss":"the birds"},{"surface":"ute","lemma":"ute","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vårda","gloss":"outside"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skär","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"sitt","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of skär","gloss":"his own","note":"possessive reflexive sitt, agreeing with a neuter noun."},{"surface":"skär","lemma":"skär","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of ute","gloss":"skerry"}]},{"number":19,"label":"","id":"ch36-p4-s8","source":"Han lossade aldrig ett skott efter dem och tillät inte heller, att någon annan gjorde det.","translation":"He never fired a shot at them, nor did he allow anyone else to do so.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lossade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"lossade","lemma":"lossa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"fired"},{"surface":"aldrig","lemma":"aldrig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lossade","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of skott","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"skott","lemma":"skott","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of lossade","gloss":"shot"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"oblique complement of lossade","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tillät","lemma":"tillät","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with lossade","gloss":"allowed"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies tillät","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"heller","lemma":"heller","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tillät","gloss":"either"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gjorde","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"någon","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of annan","gloss":"anyone"},{"surface":"annan","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjorde","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"gjorde","lemma":"göra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on lossade","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gjorde","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":20,"label":"","id":"ch36-p4-s9","source":"Han gick omkring till fågelredena, och när honorna lågo på sina ägg, plockade han mat till dem.","translation":"He went about among the birds' nests, and when the hens lay on their eggs, he gathered food for them.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gick","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"gick","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"omkring","lemma":"omkring","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gick","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fågelredena","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"fågelredena","lemma":"fågelrede","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of gick","gloss":"the birds' nests"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of lågo","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"honorna","lemma":"hona","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"part of the phrase när","gloss":"the hens"},{"surface":"lågo","lemma":"lågo","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with gick","gloss":"lay","note":"mistagged as a noun; this is the archaic plural past tense of ligga 'to lie' (they lay)."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ägg","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"sina","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"possessor of ägg","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"ägg","lemma":"ägg","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of lågo","gloss":"eggs"},{"surface":"plockade","lemma":"plocka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to gick","gloss":"picked"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of plockade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"mat","lemma":"mat","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of plockade","gloss":"food"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"oblique complement of plockade","gloss":"them"}]},{"number":21,"label":"","id":"ch36-p4-s10","source":"Ingen var rädd för honom.","translation":"No one was afraid of him.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of rädd","gloss":"no one"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to rädd","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"rädd","lemma":"rädd","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"afraid"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking honom","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of rädd","gloss":"him"}]},{"number":22,"label":"","id":"ch36-p4-s11","source":"Dunfin hade många gånger varit inne i hans koja och blivit matad med brödsmulor.","translation":"Dunfin had many times been inside his hut and been fed breadcrumbs.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of varit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"många","lemma":"många","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies gånger","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"gånger","lemma":"gång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of varit","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"varit","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"been"},{"surface":"inne","lemma":"inne","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies varit","gloss":"inside"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking koja","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of koja","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"koja","lemma":"koja","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of varit","gloss":"hut"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"blivit","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with varit","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"matad","lemma":"mata","morphology":"verb, past, participle, common gender, singular, nominative","role":"complement of blivit","gloss":"fed"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking brödsmulor","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"brödsmulor","lemma":"brödsmula","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"agent of matad","gloss":"breadcrumbs"}]},{"number":23,"label":"","id":"ch36-p4-s12","source":"Men därför att fiskaren var så god mot fåglarna, hade dessa flyttat ut till skäret i sådan myckenhet, att det började bli trångt om utrymmet.","translation":"But because the fisherman was so good to the birds, they had moved out to the skerry in such numbers that space had begun to grow scarce.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"därför","lemma":"därför","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of god","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"copula linking to god","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"fiskaren","lemma":"fiskare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of god","gloss":"fisherman"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to god","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies god","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"god","lemma":"god","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fåglarna","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"fåglarna","lemma":"fåglare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of god","gloss":"the birds"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of flyttat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"dessa","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"subject of flyttat","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"flyttat","lemma":"flytta","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with god","gloss":"moved"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies flyttat","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skäret","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"skäret","lemma":"skäer","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of flyttat","gloss":"skerry"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking myckenhet","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"sådan","lemma":"sån","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies myckenhet","gloss":"such","note":"sån is a colloquial/older form of sådan, glossed to the modern sense."},{"surface":"myckenhet","lemma":"myckenhet","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of flyttat","gloss":"a great deal","note":"archaic quantifier noun, 'en myckenhet X' = 'a great quantity of X'."},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of började","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with började","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"började","lemma":"börja","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on flyttat","gloss":"began"},{"surface":"bli","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"subject of började","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"trångt","lemma":"trång","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"complement of bli","gloss":"narrow"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking utrymmet","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"utrymmet","lemma":"utrymme","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of bli","gloss":"space"}]},{"number":24,"label":"","id":"ch36-p4-s13","source":"Kom man dit för sent en vår, kunde det hitta på att hända, att alla häckplatser voro upptagna.","translation":"If one arrived there too late in the spring, it could happen that every nesting place was already taken.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"voro","title":"Archaic plural verb (register)","body":"Before Sweden's 1900s spelling and grammar reforms, verbs still agreed in number with a plural subject: «voro» is the old plural past tense of «vara» ('to be'), where modern Swedish uses «var» for all persons. Lagerlöf's 1906 prose is full of these forms — «voro», «gingo», «kommo», «foro», «funno» — a deliberate register cue of formal, slightly old-fashioned narration even in her own day."}],"words":[{"surface":"Kom","lemma":"Kom","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"adverbial clause on hitta","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Kom","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"dit","lemma":"dit","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Kom","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sent","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"sent","lemma":"sen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies en","gloss":"late"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"quantifies vår","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"vår","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of Kom","gloss":"our","note":"Mistagged as a pronoun under lemma vi; vår here is the possessive \"our\", not the pronoun \"we\"."},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of hitta","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of hitta","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"hitta","lemma":"hitta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"happen"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of hända","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of hända","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"hända","lemma":"hända","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on hitta","gloss":"to happen"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of upptagna","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of häckplatser","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"häckplatser","lemma":"häckplats","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of upptagna","gloss":"nesting places"},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"depends on häckplatser","gloss":"were","note":"Archaic plural past tense of vara (they were), not a noun."},{"surface":"upptagna","lemma":"upptagen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"adverbial clause on hända","gloss":"taken"}]},{"number":25,"label":"","id":"ch36-p4-s14","source":"Det var fördenskull, som Dunfins föräldrar och syskon hade varit tvungna att resa ifrån henne.","translation":"That was the very reason Dunfin's parents and siblings had been forced to fly off and leave her behind.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with tvungna","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to tvungna","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"fördenskull","lemma":"fördenskull","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"for that reason"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"subject of tvungna","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Dunfins","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of föräldrar","gloss":"Dunfin's"},{"surface":"föräldrar","lemma":"förälder","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of tvungna","gloss":"parents"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"syskon","lemma":"syskon","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"coordinated with föräldrar","gloss":"siblings"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tvungna","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"varit","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, supine","role":"copula linking to tvungna","gloss":"been"},{"surface":"tvungna","lemma":"tvungen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"forced"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of resa","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"resa","lemma":"resa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on tvungna","gloss":"to travel"},{"surface":"ifrån","lemma":"ifrån","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking henne","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"henne","lemma":"henne","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of resa","gloss":"her"}]},{"number":26,"label":"5","id":"ch36-p5-s1","source":"Dunfin bad så länge, att hon fick sin vilja fram, fastän vildgässen kände på sig, att de voro försenade och hellre borde ha farit rätt norrut.","translation":"Dunfin pleaded so long that she got her way, even though the wild geese sensed that they were behind schedule and ought rather to have flown straight north.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bad","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"bad","lemma":"be","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"pleaded"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies länge","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"länge","lemma":"länge","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bad","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fick","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fick","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"fick","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on bad","gloss":"got"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of vilja","gloss":"her way"},{"surface":"vilja","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of fick","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on fick","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"fastän","lemma":"fastän","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kände","gloss":"although"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kände","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"kände","lemma":"kände","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on bad","gloss":"felt"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sig","gloss":"within"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"oblique complement of kände","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of försenade","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of försenade","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"clause modifying de","gloss":"were","note":"archaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective."},{"surface":"försenade","lemma":"försena","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"subject of farit","gloss":"delayed"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hellre","lemma":"hellre","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with försenade","gloss":"rather"},{"surface":"borde","lemma":"böra","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of farit","gloss":"ought to","note":"Bare borde is simple past modal (\"ought to\"/\"should\"); the perfect sense (\"ought to have\") only appears when borde is followed by ha + supine in the sentence, as in three of the four examples — the fourth (\"borde släppa taget\") has no ha and translates as plain \"ought to.\""},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of farit","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"farit","lemma":"fara","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on bad","gloss":"traveled"},{"surface":"rätt","lemma":"rätt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies norrut","gloss":"straight"},{"surface":"norrut","lemma":"norrut","morphology":"adverb","role":"direct object of farit","gloss":"northward"}]},{"number":27,"label":"","id":"ch36-p5-s2","source":"Men en sådan där färd utåt skärgården skulle ju inte behöva fördröja resan mera än en enda dag.","translation":"But such a little trip out into the archipelago surely need not delay the journey by more than a single day.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of sådan","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"sådan","lemma":"sån","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"such","note":"sån is a colloquial/older form of sådan, glossed to the modern sense."},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fördröja","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"färd","lemma":"färd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fördröja","gloss":"journey"},{"surface":"utåt","lemma":"utåt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies skärgården","gloss":"out into"},{"surface":"skärgården","lemma":"skärgård","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies färd","gloss":"archipelago"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of fördröja","gloss":"need"},{"surface":"ju","lemma":"ju","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fördröja","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies fördröja","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"behöva","lemma":"behöva","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of fördröja","gloss":"to need to"},{"surface":"fördröja","lemma":"fördröja","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on sådan","gloss":"delay"},{"surface":"resan","lemma":"resa","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of fördröja","gloss":"journey"},{"surface":"mera","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies en","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase mera","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"numeral, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"quantifies dag","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"enda","lemma":"enda","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies dag","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"dag","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of fördröja","gloss":"day"}]},{"number":28,"label":"6","id":"ch36-p6-s1","source":"De bröto upp en morgon, sedan de hade stärkt sig med ett gott mål, och flögo österut över Mälaren.","translation":"They set off one morning, once they had fortified themselves with a good meal, and flew eastward over Lake Mälaren.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of bröto","gloss":"they","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"bröto","lemma":"bröto","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of flögo","gloss":"set off"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on bröto","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of morgon","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"morgon","lemma":"morgon","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies bröto","gloss":"morning"},{"surface":"sedan","lemma":"sedan","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of stärkt","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of stärkt","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of stärkt","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"stärkt","lemma":"stärka","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on bröto","gloss":"fortified"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of stärkt","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mål","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of mål","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gott","lemma":"god","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies mål","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"mål","lemma":"mål","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of stärkt","gloss":"meal"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"flögo","lemma":"flögo","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"flew","note":"Past plural of flyga; mistagged as present tense."},{"surface":"österut","lemma":"österut","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies flögo","gloss":"eastward"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Mälaren","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"Mälaren","lemma":"mälar","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of flögo","gloss":"Mälaren","note":"Lake Mälaren, near Stockholm."}]},{"number":29,"label":"","id":"ch36-p6-s2","source":"Pojken visste inte så noga vart de nu skulle komma, men han märkte, att ju längre de foro mot öster, desto livligare blev det på sjön, och desto tätare bebyggda blevo stränderna.","translation":"The boy did not know quite where they were now bound, but he noticed that the farther they traveled east, the livelier the water became, and the more thickly settled the shores grew.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"foro","title":"Archaic plural: «foro» (for)","body":"Another pre-reform plural past tense, this time of «fara» ('to travel/go'): modern Swedish would simply write «for» regardless of subject number. See the note on «voro» for the pattern."}],"words":[{"surface":"Pojken","lemma":"pojken","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of visste","gloss":"the boy"},{"surface":"visste","lemma":"visste","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies visste","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies noga","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"noga","lemma":"noga","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies visste","gloss":"carefully"},{"surface":"vart","lemma":"vart","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of komma","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of komma","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies komma","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of komma","gloss":"were bound"},{"surface":"komma","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on visste","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of märkte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"märkte","lemma":"märka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with visste","gloss":"noticed"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of blev","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ju","lemma":"ju","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies foro","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"längre","lemma":"länge","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies foro","gloss":"farther"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of foro","gloss":"they","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"foro","lemma":"foro","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"traveled","note":"Archaic plural past tense of fara (\"to go/travel\"), not a noun; the parser mistagged it."},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking öster","gloss":"east"},{"surface":"öster","lemma":"öster","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies foro","gloss":"east"},{"surface":"desto","lemma":"desto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies livligare","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"livligare","lemma":"livlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"depends on blev","gloss":"livelier"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of märkte","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"complement of blev","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sjön","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"sjön","lemma":"sjö","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of blev","gloss":"lake"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"desto","lemma":"desto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tätare","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"tätare","lemma":"tät","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bebyggda","gloss":"more thickly"},{"surface":"bebyggda","lemma":"bebyggda","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies stränderna","gloss":"built up"},{"surface":"blevo","lemma":"blevo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bebyggda","gloss":"became","note":"Archaic plural past tense of bli (\"to become\"), not an adverb; the parser mistagged it."},{"surface":"stränderna","lemma":"stränd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"complement of blev","gloss":"shores"}]},{"number":30,"label":"7","id":"ch36-p7-s1","source":"Fullastade pråmar och skutor, båtar och fisksumpar voro på väg österut och möttes eller gingos förbi av en mängd vackra, vita ångbåtar.","translation":"Fully laden barges and sloops, boats and fish-wells were making their way east, met or passed by a great many handsome white steamboats.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Fullastade","lemma":"Fullastad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies pråmar","gloss":"fully laden"},{"surface":"pråmar","lemma":"pråmar","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of voro","gloss":"barges"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"skutor","lemma":"skutor","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with pråmar","gloss":"sloops"},{"surface":"båtar","lemma":"båt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with pråmar","gloss":"boats"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fisksumpar","lemma":"fisksumpa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with pråmar","gloss":"fish-wells"},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"were","note":"archaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies voro","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"väg","lemma":"väg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase på","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"österut","lemma":"österut","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase på","gloss":"eastward"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"möttes","lemma":"möttes","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with voro","gloss":"met"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"gingos","lemma":"gingos","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"coordinated with möttes","gloss":"were passed","note":"Historical plural passive preterite of gå."},{"surface":"förbi","lemma":"förbi","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on möttes","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ångbåtar","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of mängd","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"mängd","lemma":"mängd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies vackra","gloss":"a great many"},{"surface":"vackra","lemma":"vacker","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies ångbåtar","gloss":"beautiful"},{"surface":"vita","lemma":"vit","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies ångbåtar","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"ångbåtar","lemma":"ångbåt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"agent of möttes","gloss":"steamboats"}]},{"number":31,"label":"","id":"ch36-p7-s2","source":"På stränderna löpte landsvägar och järnvägar, alla mot samma mål.","translation":"Along the shores ran highways and railways, all heading toward the same goal.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"På","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking stränderna","gloss":"along"},{"surface":"stränderna","lemma":"strand","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of löpte","gloss":"shores"},{"surface":"löpte","lemma":"löpt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies landsvägar","gloss":"ran","note":"The surface löpte is a past-tense verb, despite the adjective label."},{"surface":"landsvägar","lemma":"landsväg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"highways"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"järnvägar","lemma":"järnväg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with landsvägar","gloss":"railways"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"parallel clause to landsvägar","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mål","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"samma","lemma":"samma","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of mål","gloss":"the same"},{"surface":"mål","lemma":"mål","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of alla","gloss":"goal"}]},{"number":32,"label":"","id":"ch36-p7-s3","source":"Det fanns något ställe därborta i öster, dit alla ville komma nu på morgonen.","translation":"There was some place over there in the east that everyone wanted to reach this morning.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with fanns","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"fanns","lemma":"finnas","morphology":"verb, past, indicative","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"there was","note":"existential verb; fanns = 'there was/were, existed.'"},{"surface":"något","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of ställe","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"ställe","lemma":"ställe","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of fanns","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"därborta","lemma":"därborta","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies komma","gloss":"over there"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies komma","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"öster","lemma":"öster","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase i","gloss":"east"},{"surface":"dit","lemma":"dit","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase i","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"subject of komma","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"ville","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of komma","gloss":"wanted to"},{"surface":"komma","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clause modifying ställe","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies komma","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking morgonen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"morgonen","lemma":"morgon","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of komma","gloss":"morning"}]},{"number":33,"label":"8","id":"ch36-p8-s1","source":"På en av öarna såg han ett stort, vitt slott, och ett stycke öster om detta började stränderna kläda sig med villor.","translation":"On one of the islands he saw a great white castle, and a little way east of it the shores began to dress themselves in villas.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"På","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking en","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of såg","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking öarna","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"öarna","lemma":"öare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies en","gloss":"islands"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"saw"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of öster","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stort","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"part of the phrase ett","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"vitt","lemma":"vit","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies slott","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"slott","lemma":"slott","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with stort","gloss":"castle"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of stycke","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stycke","lemma":"stycke","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with stort","gloss":"piece"},{"surface":"öster","lemma":"öster","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of såg","gloss":"east"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking detta","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of såg","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"började","lemma":"börja","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"depends on såg","gloss":"began"},{"surface":"stränderna","lemma":"strand","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of kläda","gloss":"shores"},{"surface":"kläda","lemma":"kläd","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of började","gloss":"clothe"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of kläda","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking villor","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"villor","lemma":"villa","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of kläda","gloss":"villas"}]},{"number":34,"label":"","id":"ch36-p8-s2","source":"Till en början lågo dessa med långa mellanrum,","translation":"At first these stood with long gaps between them,","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lågo","gloss":"at first"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of början","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"början","lemma":"början","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies lågo","gloss":"beginning"},{"surface":"lågo","lemma":"lågo","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"lay","note":"Mislabeled as an adjective; lågo is the archaic plural past tense of ligga (\"to lie/be situated\")."},{"surface":"dessa","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"subject of lågo","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mellanrum","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"långa","lemma":"lång","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies mellanrum","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"mellanrum","lemma":"mellanrum","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of lågo","gloss":"intervals"}]},{"number":35,"label":"9","id":"ch36-p9-s1","source":"sedan allt tätare, och snart stod villa vid villa hela stranden utefter.","translation":"then closer and closer together, and soon villa stood by villa the whole length of the shore.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"sedan","lemma":"sedan","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tätare","gloss":"then","note":"Also glossed as preposition (since/for/ago), but example ch03-p30-s3 ('Han följde sedan barnen...') uses sedan adverbially to mean 'then/afterward', a sense the original senses list omitted."},{"surface":"allt","lemma":"allt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tätare","gloss":"closer and closer"},{"surface":"tätare","lemma":"tät","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"denser"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"snart","lemma":"snart","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stod","gloss":"soon"},{"surface":"stod","lemma":"stå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with tätare","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"villa","lemma":"villa","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of stod","gloss":"villa"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking villa","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"villa","lemma":"villa","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stod","gloss":"villa"},{"surface":"hela","lemma":"hel","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies stranden","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"stranden","lemma":"strand","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of stod","gloss":"shore"},{"surface":"utefter","lemma":"utefter","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"modifies stod","gloss":"along","note":"Actually the preposition/adverb 'utefter' (along), mistagged as a verb."}]},{"number":36,"label":"","id":"ch36-p9-s2","source":"De voro av alla slag.","translation":"They were of every kind.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of voro","gloss":"they","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"were","note":"archaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective."},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking slag","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of slag","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"slag","lemma":"slag","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"modifies voro","gloss":"kinds"}]},{"number":37,"label":"","id":"ch36-p9-s3","source":"Där låg ett slott, och där låg en stuga.","translation":"Here stood a manor, and there stood a cottage.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies låg","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"låg","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lay"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of slott","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"slott","lemma":"slott","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of låg","gloss":"castle"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies låg","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"låg","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with låg","gloss":"lay"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of stuga","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stuga","lemma":"stuga","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of låg","gloss":"cottage"}]},{"number":38,"label":"","id":"ch36-p9-s4","source":"Där reste sig ett långt, lågt herrgårdshus och där en villa med många småtorn.","translation":"There rose a long, low manor house, and there a villa with many little turrets.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies reste","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"reste","lemma":"resa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"rose"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of reste","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of herrgårdshus","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"långt","lemma":"lång","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies herrgårdshus","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"lågt","lemma":"låg","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies herrgårdshus","gloss":"low"},{"surface":"herrgårdshus","lemma":"herrgårdshus","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of reste","gloss":"manor house"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies villa","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of villa","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"villa","lemma":"villa","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with reste","gloss":"villa"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking småtorn","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"många","lemma":"många","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies småtorn","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"småtorn","lemma":"småtor","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of villa","gloss":"little turrets"}]},{"number":39,"label":"","id":"ch36-p9-s5","source":"Somliga stodo i trädgårdar, men de flesta voro lagda i lövskogen, som kantade stranden, utan vidare plantering.","translation":"Some stood in gardens, but most were set in the leafy woods that fringed the shore, with no further planting at all.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Somliga","lemma":"somlig","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"subject of stodo","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"stodo","lemma":"stodo","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"stood","note":"Archaic plural preterite of stå 'to stand', mistagged as adverb."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking trädgårdar","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"trädgårdar","lemma":"trädgård","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of stodo","gloss":"gardens"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of flesta","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"flesta","lemma":"mången","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural, superlative","role":"coordinated with ,","gloss":"most"},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"depends on lagda","gloss":"were","note":"archaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective."},{"surface":"lagda","lemma":"laga","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"clause modifying trädgårdar","gloss":"set","note":"Mistagged as an adjective; covers two distinct past participles, 'lagda' (laid, from 'lägga') and 'lagade' (repaired, from 'laga')."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lövskogen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"lövskogen","lemma":"lövskog","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of lagda","gloss":"deciduous forest"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of kantade","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"kantade","lemma":"kanta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on trädgårdar","gloss":"lined"},{"surface":"stranden","lemma":"strand","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of kantade","gloss":"shore"},{"surface":"utan","lemma":"utan","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but rather","note":"follows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened."},{"surface":"vidare","lemma":"vid","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"modifies plantering","gloss":"further"},{"surface":"plantering","lemma":"plantering","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with stodo","gloss":"planting"}]},{"number":40,"label":"","id":"ch36-p9-s6","source":"Men så olika de voro, var det ett, som var lika: de voro inte allvarsamma och enkla som andra byggnader, utan de voro grant och bjärt målade i grönt och blått och vitt och rött som lekstugor.","translation":"But different as they were, one thing was alike in all of them: they were not grave and plain like other buildings, but painted gaily and brightly in green and blue and white and red, like playhouses.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"lekstugor","title":"«lekstuga» — playhouse","body":"A child's playhouse or toy cottage; Lagerlöf's simile ('painted like playhouses') captures the gaudy, almost toylike villas that Swedes were building along the Mälaren shore for their new leisure culture at the turn of the century."}],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies olika","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"olika","lemma":"olik","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies ett","gloss":"different"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of voro","gloss":"they","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"oblique complement of olika","gloss":"were","note":"archaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective."},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to ett","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with ett","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of lika","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to lika","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"lika","lemma":"lika","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"relative clause on ett","gloss":"alike"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"determiner of voro","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"parallel clause to ett","gloss":"were","note":"archaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective."},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies allvarsamma","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"allvarsamma","lemma":"allvarsamma","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies voro","gloss":"solemn"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"enkla","lemma":"enkel","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with allvarsamma","gloss":"plain"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"preposition marking byggnader","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies byggnader","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"byggnader","lemma":"byggnad","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with voro","gloss":"buildings"},{"surface":"utan","lemma":"utan","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but rather","note":"follows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of grant","gloss":"they","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"depends on grant","gloss":"were","note":"archaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective."},{"surface":"grant","lemma":"grant","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with voro","gloss":"fine/splendid"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bjärt","lemma":"bjär","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies målade","gloss":"brightly"},{"surface":"målade","lemma":"måla","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with grant","gloss":"painted"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking grönt","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"grönt","lemma":"grön","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of målade","gloss":"green"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"blått","lemma":"blå","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with grönt","gloss":"blue"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vitt","lemma":"vi","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with blått","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"rött","lemma":"rött","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with grönt","gloss":"red"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of lekstugor","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"lekstugor","lemma":"lekstuga","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with voro","gloss":"playhouses"}]},{"number":41,"label":"10","id":"ch36-p10-s1","source":"Pojken satt och såg ner på de lustiga strandvillorna, då Dunfin gav till ett utrop.","translation":"The boy sat looking down at the amusing shore villas, when Dunfin gave a cry.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pojken","lemma":"pojken","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of satt","gloss":"the boy"},{"surface":"satt","lemma":"sitta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sat"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"såg","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with satt","gloss":"saw","note":"past tense of se, 'to see.'"},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on såg","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking strandvillorna","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of strandvillorna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"lustiga","lemma":"lustig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies strandvillorna","gloss":"merry"},{"surface":"strandvillorna","lemma":"strandvilla","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of såg","gloss":"the seaside villas"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of gav","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gav","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"gav","lemma":"ge","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on satt","gloss":"let out","note":"Light-verb idioms in the examples: \"gav ... till ett klagoskrik\" = let out a cry; \"gav sig tid\" = took the time — not literal \"gave\" in either case."},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking utrop","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of utrop","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"utrop","lemma":"utrop","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of gav","gloss":"cry/exclamation"}]},{"number":42,"label":"","id":"ch36-p10-s2","source":"»Nu känner jag riktigt igen mig.","translation":"“Now I truly know where I am.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies känner","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"känner","lemma":"känna","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"feels"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of känner","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"riktigt","lemma":"riktig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies känner","gloss":"truly"},{"surface":"igen","lemma":"igen","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on känner","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of känner","gloss":"me"}]},{"number":43,"label":"","id":"ch36-p10-s3","source":"Därborta ligger staden, som simmar på vattnet.»","translation":"Over there lies the city that swims upon the water.”","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Därborta","lemma":"därborta","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ligger","gloss":"over there"},{"surface":"ligger","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lies"},{"surface":"staden","lemma":"stad","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ligger","gloss":"town"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of simmar","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"simmar","lemma":"simma","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on staden","gloss":"swims"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vattnet","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"vattnet","lemma":"vatten","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of simmar","gloss":"water"}]},{"number":44,"label":"11","id":"ch36-p11-s1","source":"Då såg pojken framåt och märkte först inte annat än några ljusa töcken och dimmor, som välte fram över vattnet.","translation":"Then the boy looked ahead and at first noticed nothing but a few pale mists and fogs rolling forward over the water.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies såg","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"saw"},{"surface":"pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"framåt","lemma":"framåt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies såg","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"märkte","lemma":"märka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with såg","gloss":"noticed"},{"surface":"först","lemma":"först","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies märkte","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies märkte","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"annat","lemma":"annan","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of märkte","gloss":"anything else"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase annat","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"några","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of töcken","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"ljusa","lemma":"ljus","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies töcken","gloss":"pale/light"},{"surface":"töcken","lemma":"töck","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of märkte","gloss":"mists"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dimmor","lemma":"dimmor","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with töcken","gloss":"mists"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of välte","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"välte","lemma":"välte","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of märkte","gloss":"rolled"},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies välte","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vattnet","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"vattnet","lemma":"vatten","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of fram","gloss":"water"}]},{"number":45,"label":"","id":"ch36-p11-s2","source":"Men så skymtade han höga tornspiror och ett och annat hus med många fönsterrader.","translation":"But then he glimpsed tall spires and here and there a house with many rows of windows.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies skymtade","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"skymtade","lemma":"skymta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"came into view"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of skymtade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"höga","lemma":"hög","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies tornspiror","gloss":"tall"},{"surface":"tornspiror","lemma":"tornspira","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of skymtade","gloss":"spires"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"numeral, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of hus","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"annat","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with ett","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"hus","lemma":"hus","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with tornspiror","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fönsterrader","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"många","lemma":"många","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies fönsterrader","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"fönsterrader","lemma":"fönsterrader","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies hus","gloss":"rows of windows"}]},{"number":46,"label":"","id":"ch36-p11-s3","source":"De stego fram och gömde sig åter, allt som töcknen drevo hit och dit.","translation":"They emerged and hid themselves again, just as the mists drifted this way and that.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of stego","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"stego","lemma":"stego","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"emerged","note":"Past tense plural of 'stiga'."},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stego","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"gömde","lemma":"gömde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with stego","gloss":"hid"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of gömde","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"åter","lemma":"åter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gömde","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"allt","lemma":"all","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of drevo","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase allt","gloss":"as","note":"Adverbial/conjunctive use of som ('as/just as'), distinct from its usual relative-pronoun sense."},{"surface":"töcknen","lemma":"töckn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase allt","gloss":"mists"},{"surface":"drevo","lemma":"drevo","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on gömde","gloss":"drifted"},{"surface":"hit","lemma":"hit","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies drevo","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dit","lemma":"dit","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with drevo","gloss":"there"}]},{"number":47,"label":"","id":"ch36-p11-s4","source":"Men någon strandremsa såg han inte.","translation":"But he saw no strip of shore at all.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"någon","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of strandremsa","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"strandremsa","lemma":"strandremsa","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"strip of shore"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"saw"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies såg","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":48,"label":"","id":"ch36-p11-s5","source":"Allt därborta tycktes vila på vattnet.","translation":"Everything over there seemed to rest upon the water.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Allt","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"introduces the clause of tycktes","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"därborta","lemma":"därborta","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tycktes","gloss":"over there"},{"surface":"tycktes","lemma":"tycktes","morphology":"verb, past, indicative","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"seemed"},{"surface":"vila","lemma":"vila","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tycktes","gloss":"rest"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vattnet","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"vattnet","lemma":"vatten","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of tycktes","gloss":"water"}]},{"number":49,"label":"12","id":"ch36-p12-s1","source":"När pojken närmade sig staden, såg han inte längre glada lekstuguhus utmed stränderna.","translation":"As the boy drew near the city, he no longer saw cheerful playhouse cottages along the shores.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"När","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of närmade","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of närmade","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"närmade","lemma":"närma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on såg","gloss":"approached"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of närmade","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"staden","lemma":"stad","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of närmade","gloss":"town"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"såga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"saw","note":"Mislemmatized: surface is 'såg', the past tense of se ('to see'/'looked'), in both examples ('såg han sig om' = 'looked around'), not a form of såga ('to saw'). Gloss corrected to 'saw' (as in 'he saw/looked')."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies såg","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"längre","lemma":"länge","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies glada","gloss":"longer"},{"surface":"glada","lemma":"glad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies lekstuguhus","gloss":"glad"},{"surface":"lekstuguhus","lemma":"lekstuguhus","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of såg","gloss":"playhouse cottages"},{"surface":"utmed","lemma":"utmed","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking stränderna","gloss":"along"},{"surface":"stränderna","lemma":"strand","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of såg","gloss":"shores"}]},{"number":50,"label":"","id":"ch36-p12-s2","source":"I stället voro dessa betäckta med mörka fabriksbyggnader.","translation":"Instead these were covered with dark factory buildings.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"I","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking betäckta","gloss":"instead"},{"surface":"stället","lemma":"ställe","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"part of the phrase I","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"part of the phrase I","gloss":"were","note":"Past plural of vara (to be); mistagged as an adjective."},{"surface":"dessa","lemma":"denna","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of betäckta","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"betäckta","lemma":"betäckt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"covered"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fabriksbyggnader","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"mörka","lemma":"mörk","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies fabriksbyggnader","gloss":"dark"},{"surface":"fabriksbyggnader","lemma":"fabriksbyggnad","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies betäckta","gloss":"factory buildings"}]},{"number":51,"label":"","id":"ch36-p12-s3","source":"Stora upplag av kol och bräder sträckte sig bakom höga plank, och framför svarta, smutsiga bryggor lågo klumpiga lastångare.","translation":"Great stacks of coal and lumber stretched behind high fences, and before black, grimy wharves lay clumsy cargo steamers.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Stora","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies upplag","gloss":"big","note":"weak/definite form (stora), used with a singular definite noun, e.g. den stora länstolen."},{"surface":"upplag","lemma":"upplag","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of sträckte","gloss":"stacks"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking kol","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"kol","lemma":"kol","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies upplag","gloss":"coal"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bräder","lemma":"bräda","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with kol","gloss":"boards"},{"surface":"sträckte","lemma":"sträcka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stretched"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of sträckte","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"bakom","lemma":"bakom","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking plank","gloss":"behind"},{"surface":"höga","lemma":"hög","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies plank","gloss":"tall"},{"surface":"plank","lemma":"plank","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of sträckte","gloss":"fences"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"framför","lemma":"framför","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies lågo","gloss":"in front of"},{"surface":"svarta","lemma":"svart","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"part of the phrase framför","gloss":"black"},{"surface":"smutsiga","lemma":"smutsig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies bryggor","gloss":"dirty"},{"surface":"bryggor","lemma":"brygga","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with svarta","gloss":"wharves"},{"surface":"lågo","lemma":"lågo","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies lastångare","gloss":"lay","note":"Historical plural past form of ligga, despite the parser's adjective label."},{"surface":"klumpiga","lemma":"klumpig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies lastångare","gloss":"clumsy"},{"surface":"lastångare","lemma":"lastångare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with plank","gloss":"cargo steamers"}]},{"number":52,"label":"","id":"ch36-p12-s4","source":"Men de skimrande, genomskinliga töcknen bredde ut sig över detta, och de gjorde, att allting såg så stort och väldigt och underligt ut, att det nästan blev vackert.","translation":"But the shimmering, translucent mists spread out over it all, and they made everything look so vast and mighty and strange that it almost became beautiful.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of skimrande","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"skimrande","lemma":"skimrande","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies töcknen","gloss":"shimmering"},{"surface":"genomskinliga","lemma":"genomskinlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies töcknen","gloss":"translucent"},{"surface":"töcknen","lemma":"töckn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bredde","gloss":"mists"},{"surface":"bredde","lemma":"breda","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"spread"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on bredde","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of bredde","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking detta","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of bredde","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of gjorde","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"gjorde","lemma":"göra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with bredde","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of såg","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"allting","lemma":"allting","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"såg","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of gjorde","gloss":"saw","note":"past tense of se, 'to see.'"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stort","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"stort","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies såg","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"väldigt","lemma":"väldig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with såg","gloss":"tremendous"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"underligt","lemma":"underlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with väldigt","gloss":"strange"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on såg","gloss":"look"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of blev","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with blev","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"nästan","lemma":"nästan","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies blev","gloss":"almost"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of bredde","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"vackert","lemma":"vacker","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"complement of blev","gloss":"beautiful"}]},{"number":53,"label":"13","id":"ch36-p13-s1","source":"Vildgässen flögo förbi fabriker och lastångare och nalkades de töckenomgivna tornspirorna.","translation":"The wild geese flew past factories and cargo steamers and drew near the mist-wrapped spires.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of flögo","gloss":"the wild geese"},{"surface":"flögo","lemma":"flögo","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"flew","note":"Past plural of flyga; mistagged as present tense."},{"surface":"förbi","lemma":"förbi","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on flögo","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"fabriker","lemma":"fabrik","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of flögo","gloss":"factories"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lastångare","lemma":"lastångare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with fabriker","gloss":"cargo steamers"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"nalkades","lemma":"nalka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, passive","role":"coordinated with flögo","gloss":"drew near"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of passive nalkades","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"töckenomgivna","lemma":"töckenomgivna","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies tornspirorna","gloss":"mist-wrapped"},{"surface":"tornspirorna","lemma":"tornspirorna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of passive nalkades","gloss":"the spires"}]},{"number":54,"label":"","id":"ch36-p13-s2","source":"Då sjönko plötsligen alla dimmor ner mot vattnet, utom några tunna, lätta, som svävade över deras huvuden, grant färgade i skärt och ljusblått.","translation":"Then suddenly all the fogs sank down toward the water, except a few thin, light ones that hovered above their heads, gaily tinted in pink and pale blue.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sjönko","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"sjönko","lemma":"sjönko","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sank down"},{"surface":"plötsligen","lemma":"plötsligen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sjönko","gloss":"suddenly"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of dimmor","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"dimmor","lemma":"dimmor","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of sjönko","gloss":"mists"},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sjönko","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vattnet","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"vattnet","lemma":"vatten","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of ner","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"utom","lemma":"utom","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tunna","gloss":"except"},{"surface":"några","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of tunna","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"tunna","lemma":"tunn","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"oblique complement of sjönko","gloss":"thin"},{"surface":"lätta","lemma":"lätt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with tunna","gloss":"light"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of svävade","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"svävade","lemma":"sväva","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on lätta","gloss":"hovered"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking huvuden","gloss":"above"},{"surface":"deras","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of huvuden","gloss":"their","note":"possessive form deras of the plural pronoun de."},{"surface":"huvuden","lemma":"huvude","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of svävade","gloss":"heads"},{"surface":"grant","lemma":"grant","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies färgade","gloss":"brightly"},{"surface":"färgade","lemma":"färga","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with tunna","gloss":"tinted"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies färgade","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"skärt","lemma":"skär","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"part of the phrase i","gloss":"pink"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ljusblått","lemma":"ljusblå","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with skärt","gloss":"pale blue"}]},{"number":55,"label":"","id":"ch36-p13-s3","source":"De andra lågo och vältrade över vatten och land.","translation":"The others lay rolling over water and land.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of lågo","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies lågo","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"lågo","lemma":"lågo","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"lay","note":"mistagged as a noun; this is the archaic plural past tense of ligga 'to lie' (they lay)."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vältrade","lemma":"vältrad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with lågo","gloss":"rolled"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vatten","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"vatten","lemma":"vatten","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of vältrade","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"land","lemma":"land","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with vatten","gloss":"land"}]},{"number":56,"label":"","id":"ch36-p13-s4","source":"De dolde alldeles husens grundvalar och nedre delar, men de övre våningarna, tak, torn, gavlar och frontespiser förblevo synliga.","translation":"They hid the foundations and lower storeys of the houses entirely, but the upper floors, roofs, towers, gables, and pediments remained visible.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of dolde","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"dolde","lemma":"doldea","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"subject of förblevo","gloss":"hid"},{"surface":"alldeles","lemma":"alldeles","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies grundvalar","gloss":"quite"},{"surface":"husens","lemma":"hus","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of grundvalar","gloss":"the houses'"},{"surface":"grundvalar","lemma":"grundvael","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of dolde","gloss":"foundations"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"nedre","lemma":"nedr","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"modifies delar","gloss":"lower"},{"surface":"delar","lemma":"del","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with grundvalar","gloss":"parts"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of våningarna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"övre","lemma":"övre","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"modifies våningarna","gloss":"upper"},{"surface":"våningarna","lemma":"våningarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with grundvalar","gloss":"the floors"},{"surface":"tak","lemma":"tak","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with våningarna","gloss":"roof"},{"surface":"torn","lemma":"torn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with våningarna","gloss":"tower"},{"surface":"gavlar","lemma":"gavl","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with våningarna","gloss":"gables"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"frontespiser","lemma":"frontespis","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with våningarna","gloss":"pediments"},{"surface":"förblevo","lemma":"förblevo","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"remained","note":"Historical plural past form of förbliva."},{"surface":"synliga","lemma":"synlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"complement of förblevo","gloss":"visible"}]},{"number":57,"label":"","id":"ch36-p13-s5","source":"Somliga hus blevo på detta sätt så höga, att de voro riktiga Babelstorn.","translation":"In this way some houses grew so tall that they were veritable towers of Babel.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Somliga","lemma":"somlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies hus","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"hus","lemma":"hus","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of blevo","gloss":"houses"},{"surface":"blevo","lemma":"blevo","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"became","note":"lemma should be bli 'to become'; blevo is the archaic plural past tense (they became)."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sätt","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of sätt","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"sätt","lemma":"sätt","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of blevo","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies höga","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"höga","lemma":"hög","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"complement of blevo","gloss":"tall"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of Babelstorn","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of Babelstorn","gloss":"they","note":"This type's own examples show 'de' used as the plain personal pronoun \"they\" (de voro ovanligt strävsamma = \"they were unusually...\") as often as the determiner \"the\" (de andra = \"the others\"); a fixed gloss of \"the\" mis-renders every pronoun occurrence."},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies Babelstorn","gloss":"were","note":"archaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective."},{"surface":"riktiga","lemma":"riktig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies Babelstorn","gloss":"real"},{"surface":"Babelstorn","lemma":"Babelstorn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clausal complement of blevo","gloss":"Babel towers"}]},{"number":58,"label":"","id":"ch36-p13-s6","source":"Pojken kunde","translation":"The boy could","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kunde","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"could"}]},{"number":59,"label":"14","id":"ch36-p14-s1","source":"väl tänka sig, att de voro resta på kullar och höjder, men dem såg han inte, bara husen, som svävade upp ur dimmorna.","translation":"well imagine that they stood on hills and heights, but these he did not see, only the houses hovering up out of the mists.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"väl","lemma":"väl","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tänka","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"tänka","lemma":"tänka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to think"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of tänka","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of resta","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of resta","gloss":"they","note":"This type's own examples show 'de' used as the plain personal pronoun \"they\" (de voro ovanligt strävsamma = \"they were unusually...\") as often as the determiner \"the\" (de andra = \"the others\"); a fixed gloss of \"the\" mis-renders every pronoun occurrence."},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"depends on resta","gloss":"were","note":"archaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective."},{"surface":"resta","lemma":"resta","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"clausal complement of tänka","gloss":"raised","note":"Mislabeled as an adjective superlative; resta is the past participle of resa (\"to raise/erect\")."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking kullar","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"kullar","lemma":"kull","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of resta","gloss":"hills"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"höjder","lemma":"höjd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with kullar","gloss":"heights"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"såg","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with tänka","gloss":"saw","note":"past tense of se, 'to see.'"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies såg","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"bara","lemma":"bara","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies husen","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"husen","lemma":"hus","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of såg","gloss":"houses"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of svävade","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"svävade","lemma":"sväva","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on husen","gloss":"hovered"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on svävade","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"ur","lemma":"ur","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dimmorna","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"dimmorna","lemma":"dimmorna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of svävade","gloss":"the mists"}]},{"number":60,"label":"","id":"ch36-p14-s2","source":"Dessa flöto omkring klart vita, och husen lågo mörka och svarta, ty solen stod i öster och kom inte åt att lysa på dem.","translation":"These floated about a clear white, while the houses themselves lay dark and black, for the sun stood in the east and could not reach to shine on them.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dessa","lemma":"denna","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of flöto","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"flöto","lemma":"flöto","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of vita","gloss":"floated","note":"Flöto is the historical plural past form of flyta."},{"surface":"omkring","lemma":"omkring","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies klart","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"klart","lemma":"klar","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies vita","gloss":"clear"},{"surface":"vita","lemma":"vit","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"husen","lemma":"hus","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of lågo","gloss":"houses"},{"surface":"lågo","lemma":"lågo","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"subject of mörka","gloss":"lay","note":"Mislabeled as an adjective; lågo is the archaic plural past tense of ligga (\"to lie/be situated\")."},{"surface":"mörka","lemma":"mörk","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with vita","gloss":"dark"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"svarta","lemma":"svart","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with mörka","gloss":"black"},{"surface":"ty","lemma":"ty","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"for","note":"Archaic causal conjunction, equivalent to 'because/for'."},{"surface":"solen","lemma":"sol","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of stod","gloss":"sun"},{"surface":"stod","lemma":"stå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with vita","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking öster","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"öster","lemma":"öster","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stod","gloss":"east"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with stod","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"åt","lemma":"åt","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of lysa","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of lysa","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"lysa","lemma":"lysa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on kom","gloss":"to shine"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"oblique complement of lysa","gloss":"them"}]},{"number":61,"label":"15","id":"ch36-p15-s1","source":"Pojken förstod, att han for fram över en stor stad, för han såg tak och spiror stiga upp ur dimman på alla håll.","translation":"The boy understood that he was passing over a great city, for he saw roofs and spires rising up out of the fog on every side.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pojken","lemma":"pojken","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of förstod","gloss":"the boy"},{"surface":"förstod","lemma":"förstod","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"understood"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ,","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies han","gloss":"was passing","note":"Past tense of fara (to travel/fly, here of tomte-Nils and geese in flight); mistagged as a preposition. Translation renders it \"flew\"/\"passing over\" far more often than \"traveled\"."},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase for","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking stad","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of stad","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies stad","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"stad","lemma":"stad","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of fram","gloss":"town"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of såg","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"såg","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on förstod","gloss":"saw","note":"past tense of se, 'to see.'"},{"surface":"tak","lemma":"tak","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of såg","gloss":"roof"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"spiror","lemma":"spira","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with tak","gloss":"spires"},{"surface":"stiga","lemma":"stiga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of såg","gloss":"to rise"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on stiga","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"ur","lemma":"ur","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dimman","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"dimman","lemma":"dimma","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stiga","gloss":"the fog"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking håll","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of håll","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"håll","lemma":"håll","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of stiga","gloss":"directions"}]},{"number":62,"label":"","id":"ch36-p15-s2","source":"Stundom uppkom en öppning i de kringvälvande töcknen, och han blickade ner i en rinnande, brusande ström, men land urskilde han ingenstädes.","translation":"Now and then an opening appeared in the swirling mists, and he looked down into a running, roaring current, but land he could make out nowhere.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Stundom","lemma":"stundom","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies uppkom","gloss":"now and then"},{"surface":"uppkom","lemma":"uppkom","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"appeared"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of öppning","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"öppning","lemma":"öppning","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of uppkom","gloss":"opening"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking töcknen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of töcknen","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"kringvälvande","lemma":"kringvälva","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies töcknen","gloss":"swirling"},{"surface":"töcknen","lemma":"töckn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies öppning","gloss":"mists"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blickade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"blickade","lemma":"blicka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with uppkom","gloss":"looked/gazed"},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies blickade","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ström","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of rinnande","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"rinnande","lemma":"rinnande","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies ström","gloss":"running"},{"surface":"brusande","lemma":"brusande","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"coordinated with rinnande","gloss":"roaring","note":"describes rushing water or wind."},{"surface":"ström","lemma":"ström","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of blickade","gloss":"stream"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"land","lemma":"land","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of urskilde","gloss":"land"},{"surface":"urskilde","lemma":"urskilde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with blickade","gloss":"made out"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of urskilde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ingenstädes","lemma":"ingenstädes","morphology":"verb, passive, supine","role":"modifies urskilde","gloss":"nowhere","note":"Ingenstädes is a literary equivalent of ingenstans."}]},{"number":63,"label":"","id":"ch36-p15-s3","source":"Det var vackert att se allt detta, men han kände sig nästan beklämd, som man gör, när man träffar på vad man inte kan begripa.","translation":"It was beautiful to see all this, but he felt almost oppressed, as one does on encountering what one cannot understand.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with vackert","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to vackert","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"vackert","lemma":"vacker","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"beautiful"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on vackert","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"allt","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of detta","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of se","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kände","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kände","lemma":"kände","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with vackert","gloss":"felt"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of kände","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"nästan","lemma":"nästan","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies beklämd","gloss":"almost"},{"surface":"beklämd","lemma":"beklämd","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of kände","gloss":"oppressed"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of gör","gloss":"as","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gör","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"gör","lemma":"göra","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on beklämd","gloss":"does"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of träffar","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of träffar","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"träffar","lemma":"träffa","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on beklämd","gloss":"encountering"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vad","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"vad","lemma":"vad","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of begripa","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of begripa","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies begripa","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of begripa","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"begripa","lemma":"begripa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of träffar","gloss":"understand"}]},{"number":64,"label":"16","id":"ch36-p16-s1","source":"Så snart han hade farit över staden, fann han inte mera marken dold av dimmor, utan stränder, vatten och öar syntes åter tydligt.","translation":"As soon as he had flown past the city, he found the ground no longer hidden by mist, and shores, water, and islands were plainly visible again.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"snart","lemma":"snart","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Så","gloss":"soon"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of farit","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of farit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"farit","lemma":"fara","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on fann","gloss":"traveled"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking staden","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"staden","lemma":"stad","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of farit","gloss":"town"},{"surface":"fann","lemma":"finna","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to dold","gloss":"found"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fann","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies fann","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"mera","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies marken","gloss":"longer"},{"surface":"marken","lemma":"mark","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of dold","gloss":"ground"},{"surface":"dold","lemma":"dold","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"hidden"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dimmor","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"dimmor","lemma":"dimmor","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"agent of dold","gloss":"mists"},{"surface":"utan","lemma":"utan","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking stränder","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"stränder","lemma":"stränd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of dold","gloss":"shores"},{"surface":"vatten","lemma":"vatten","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with stränder","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"öar","lemma":"öar","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with stränder","gloss":"islands"},{"surface":"syntes","lemma":"syntes","morphology":"verb, past, indicative","role":"coordinated with dold","gloss":"were visible"},{"surface":"åter","lemma":"åter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tydligt","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"tydligt","lemma":"tydlig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies syntes","gloss":"clearly"}]},{"number":65,"label":"","id":"ch36-p16-s2","source":"Han vände sig då om för att söka se staden bättre, men det lyckades honom inte.","translation":"He then turned around to try to see the city better, but he did not manage it.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vände","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"vände","lemma":"vän","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"turned","note":"Really the past tense 'vände' of the verb vända ('to turn'), mistagged here under lemma vän."},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of vände","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of söka","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase då","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of söka","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of söka","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"söka","lemma":"söka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on vände","gloss":"search"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of söka","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"staden","lemma":"stad","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of se","gloss":"town"},{"surface":"bättre","lemma":"bra","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies se","gloss":"better"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with lyckades","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"lyckades","lemma":"lycka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with söka","gloss":"succeeded","note":"Impersonal 'det lyckades honom' = 'he succeeded'; lemma should be 'lyckas'."},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of lyckades","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies lyckades","gloss":"not"}]},{"number":66,"label":"","id":"ch36-p16-s3","source":"Nu såg den ännu mera förtrollad ut.","translation":"Now it looked even more enchanted.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies såg","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"såg","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"saw","note":"past tense of se, 'to see.'"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"ännu","lemma":"ännu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies mera","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"mera","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies förtrollad","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"förtrollad","lemma":"förtrollad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of såg","gloss":"enchanted"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on förtrollad","gloss":"look"}]},{"number":67,"label":"","id":"ch36-p16-s4","source":"Töcknen hade tagit färg av solskenet och svävade fram i ljusaste rött, blått eller gult.","translation":"The mists had taken on the color of the sunshine and drifted along in the palest red, blue, or gold.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Töcknen","lemma":"Töcknen","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of tagit","gloss":"the mists"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tagit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"tagit","lemma":"ta","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"taken"},{"surface":"färg","lemma":"färg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tagit","gloss":"color"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking solskenet","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"solskenet","lemma":"solsken","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies färg","gloss":"the sunshine"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"svävade","lemma":"sväva","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with tagit","gloss":"hovered"},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on svävade","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rött","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"ljusaste","lemma":"ljus","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"modifies rött","gloss":"palest"},{"surface":"rött","lemma":"rött","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of svävade","gloss":"red"},{"surface":"blått","lemma":"blå","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with rött","gloss":"blue"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"gult","lemma":"gult","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with rött","gloss":"yellow"}]},{"number":68,"label":"","id":"ch36-p16-s5","source":"Husen voro vita, som om de vore byggda av ljus, men fönster och tornspiror blänkte som eld.","translation":"The houses were white, as though built of light itself, but windows and spires gleamed like fire.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Husen","lemma":"hus","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of byggda","gloss":"houses"},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"depends on Husen","gloss":"were","note":"archaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective."},{"surface":"vita","lemma":"vit","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"clause modifying Husen","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of byggda","gloss":"as","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of byggda","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of byggda","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"vore","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, subjunctive, active","role":"copula linking to byggda","gloss":"would be"},{"surface":"byggda","lemma":"byggda","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"built"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ljus","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"ljus","lemma":"ljus","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"agent of byggda","gloss":"light"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"fönster","lemma":"fönster","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with ljus","gloss":"windows"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tornspiror","lemma":"tornspiror","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with fönster","gloss":"spires"},{"surface":"blänkte","lemma":"blänkte","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of byggda","gloss":"gleamed","note":"Past tense of 'blänka' (to gleam), mislabeled as a noun."},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of eld","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"eld","lemma":"eld","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of byggda","gloss":"fire"}]},{"number":69,"label":"","id":"ch36-p16-s6","source":"Och allt flöt på vattnet som förut.","translation":"And everything floated upon the water just as before.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"allt","lemma":"allt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies flöt","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"flöt","lemma":"flöt","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"flowed","note":"past tense of flyta ('to flow/float'); also 'floated'."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vattnet","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"vattnet","lemma":"vatten","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of flöt","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of förut","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"förut","lemma":"förut","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial clause on flöt","gloss":"before"}]},{"number":70,"label":"17","id":"ch36-p17-s1","source":"Vildgässen reste rakt mot öster.","translation":"The wild geese traveled straight toward the east.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässen","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of reste","gloss":"the wild geese"},{"surface":"reste","lemma":"resa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"traveled"},{"surface":"rakt","lemma":"rak","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies reste","gloss":"straight"},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking öster","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"öster","lemma":"öster","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of reste","gloss":"east"}]},{"number":71,"label":"","id":"ch36-p17-s2","source":"Till en början såg det ut nästan som vid Mälaren.","translation":"At first it looked almost as it had at Mälaren.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking början","gloss":"at first"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of början","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"början","lemma":"början","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of såg","gloss":"beginning"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"saw"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on såg","gloss":"look"},{"surface":"nästan","lemma":"nästan","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies som","gloss":"almost"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of Mälaren","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Mälaren","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"Mälaren","lemma":"mälar","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of såg","gloss":"Mälaren","note":"Lake Mälaren, near Stockholm."}]},{"number":72,"label":"","id":"ch36-p17-s3","source":"De foro först fram över fabriker och verkstäder.","translation":"They first passed over factories and workshops.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of foro","gloss":"they","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"foro","lemma":"foro","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"traveled","note":"Archaic plural past tense of fara (\"to go/travel\"), not a noun; the parser mistagged it."},{"surface":"först","lemma":"först","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fram","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies foro","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fabriker","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"fabriker","lemma":"fabrik","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of fram","gloss":"factories"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"verkstäder","lemma":"verkstad","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with fabriker","gloss":"workshops"}]},{"number":73,"label":"","id":"ch36-p17-s4","source":"Sedan började villorna kanta stränderna.","translation":"Then villas began to line the shores.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sedan","lemma":"sedan","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies började","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"började","lemma":"börja","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"began"},{"surface":"villorna","lemma":"villorna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"determiner of stränderna","gloss":"the villas"},{"surface":"kanta","lemma":"kant","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies stränderna","gloss":"line"},{"surface":"stränderna","lemma":"stränderna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of började","gloss":"the shores"}]},{"number":74,"label":"","id":"ch36-p17-s5","source":"Ångbåtar och skutor vimlade, men nu kommo de österifrån och gingo åt väster fram mot staden.","translation":"Steamboats and sloops swarmed, but now they came from the east and went westward toward the city.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ångbåtar","lemma":"Ångbåtar","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of vimlade","gloss":"steamboats"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"skutor","lemma":"skutor","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with Ångbåtar","gloss":"sloops"},{"surface":"vimlade","lemma":"vimla","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"swarmed"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kommo","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"kommo","lemma":"kommo","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with vimlade","gloss":"came","note":"kommo is the archaic plural past tense of komma 'to come', not an infinitive despite the tag."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"subject of kommo","gloss":"they","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"österifrån","lemma":"österifrån","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kommo","gloss":"from the east"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"gingo","lemma":"gingo","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with österifrån","gloss":"went","note":"Past plural of gå (to go); mistagged as an adjective."},{"surface":"åt","lemma":"åt","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking väster","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"väster","lemma":"väster","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kommo","gloss":"west"},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kommo","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking staden","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"staden","lemma":"stad","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of fram","gloss":"town"}]},{"number":75,"label":"18","id":"ch36-p18-s1","source":"De foro vidare, och i stället för de smala Mälarfjärdarna och de små öarna utbredde sig under dem bredare vatten, större öar.","translation":"They flew on, and in place of the narrow bays of Mälaren and the small islands, broader waters and larger islands now spread out beneath them.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of foro","gloss":"they","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"foro","lemma":"foro","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"traveled","note":"Archaic plural past tense of fara (\"to go/travel\"), not a noun; the parser mistagged it."},{"surface":"vidare","lemma":"vidare","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies foro","gloss":"further"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Mälarfjärdarna","gloss":"in place of"},{"surface":"stället","lemma":"ställe","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"part of the phrase i","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase i","gloss":"instead of"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of Mälarfjärdarna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"smala","lemma":"smal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies Mälarfjärdarna","gloss":"narrow"},{"surface":"Mälarfjärdarna","lemma":"Mälarfjärdarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of utbredde","gloss":"Mälaren bays"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of öarna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"små","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies öarna","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"öarna","lemma":"ö","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with Mälarfjärdarna","gloss":"the islands"},{"surface":"utbredde","lemma":"utbreda","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with foro","gloss":"spread out"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of utbredde","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"under","lemma":"under","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vatten","gloss":"beneath"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"determiner of vatten","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"bredare","lemma":"bred","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"modifies vatten","gloss":"broader"},{"surface":"vatten","lemma":"vatten","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of utbredde","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"större","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"modifies öar","gloss":"bigger"},{"surface":"öar","lemma":"öar","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with vatten","gloss":"islands"}]},{"number":76,"label":"","id":"ch36-p18-s2","source":"Fasta landet vek åt sidan och syntes snart inte mera.","translation":"The mainland fell away to the side and was soon no longer to be seen.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Fasta","lemma":"fasta","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies landet","gloss":"the mainland"},{"surface":"landet","lemma":"land","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of vek","gloss":"land"},{"surface":"vek","lemma":"vek","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"turned off"},{"surface":"åt","lemma":"åt","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies vek","gloss":"aside"},{"surface":"sidan","lemma":"sida","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase åt","gloss":"the side"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"syntes","lemma":"syntes","morphology":"verb, past, indicative","role":"coordinated with vek","gloss":"was to be seen"},{"surface":"snart","lemma":"snart","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies syntes","gloss":"soon"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies syntes","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"mera","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"modifies syntes","gloss":"more"}]},{"number":77,"label":"","id":"ch36-p18-s3","source":"Växtligheten blev kargare, lövträden blevo sällsynta, tallarna togo väldet.","translation":"The vegetation grew scantier, the deciduous trees became rare, and the pines took over.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"togo","title":"Archaic plural: «togo» (tog)","body":"A third instance of the pre-reform plural past tense — here of «ta» ('to take'): «tallarna togo väldet», 'the pines took command'. Modern Swedish would use «tog» regardless of number."}],"words":[{"surface":"Växtligheten","lemma":"växtlighet","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"vegetation"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"kargare","lemma":"kargare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"complement of blev","gloss":"scantier"},{"surface":"lövträden","lemma":"lövträde","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"coordinated with kargare","gloss":"the deciduous trees"},{"surface":"blevo","lemma":"blevo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sällsynta","gloss":"became","note":"Archaic plural past tense of bli (\"to become\"), not an adverb; the parser mistagged it."},{"surface":"sällsynta","lemma":"sällsynt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies väldet","gloss":"rare"},{"surface":"tallarna","lemma":"tallarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of togo","gloss":"the pines"},{"surface":"togo","lemma":"togo","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with sällsynta","gloss":"took","note":"Old plural past tense of taga/ta ('to take')."},{"surface":"väldet","lemma":"välde","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"complement of blev","gloss":"dominion"}]},{"number":78,"label":"","id":"ch36-p18-s4","source":"Villorna upphörde, och bondstugor och fiskarkojor togo vid.","translation":"The villas ceased, and farm cottages and fishermen's huts took their place.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Villorna","lemma":"Villorna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of upphörde","gloss":"the villas"},{"surface":"upphörde","lemma":"upphöra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stopped"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bondstugor","lemma":"bondstuga","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with upphörde","gloss":"farm cottages"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fiskarkojor","lemma":"fiskarkojor","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with bondstugor","gloss":"fishermen's huts"},{"surface":"togo","lemma":"togo","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with bondstugor","gloss":"took","note":"Old plural past tense of taga/ta ('to take')."},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking togo","gloss":"over"}]},{"number":79,"label":"19","id":"ch36-p19-s1","source":"De foro ännu längre ut, och nu funno de inte mera de stora, bebodda öarna; endast små skär voro i otalighet spridda över vattnet.","translation":"They flew still farther out, and now they no longer found the large, inhabited islands; only small skerries lay scattered over the water in countless numbers.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of foro","gloss":"they","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"foro","lemma":"foro","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of skär","gloss":"traveled","note":"Archaic plural past tense of fara (\"to go/travel\"), not a noun; the parser mistagged it."},{"surface":"ännu","lemma":"ännu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies längre","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"längre","lemma":"länge","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies foro","gloss":"farther"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies foro","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies funno","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"funno","lemma":"funno","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with foro","gloss":"found","note":"Archaic plural past tense of finna \"to find\"; mislabeled as supine."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of funno","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies öarna","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"mera","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies öarna","gloss":"longer"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of öarna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"stora","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies öarna","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"bebodda","lemma":"bebodd","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies öarna","gloss":"inhabited"},{"surface":"öarna","lemma":"öarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies funno","gloss":"the islands"},{"surface":"endast","lemma":"endast","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies små","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"små","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies skär","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"skär","lemma":"skär","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"skerry","note":"This is the noun 'skär' (skerry), mistagged as an adjective by the backbone."},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"particle","role":"copula linking to skär","gloss":"were","note":"Archaic plural preterite of vara 'to be'; mistagged as particle."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking otalighet","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"otalighet","lemma":"otalighet","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of spridda","gloss":"countless numbers"},{"surface":"spridda","lemma":"spridd","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with skär","gloss":"scattered"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vattnet","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"vattnet","lemma":"vatten","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of spridda","gloss":"water"}]},{"number":80,"label":"","id":"ch36-p19-s2","source":"Fjärdarna trängdes inte av land.","translation":"The bays were no longer crowded in by land.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Fjärdarna","lemma":"Fjärdarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of passive trängdes","gloss":"the bays"},{"surface":"trängdes","lemma":"tränga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"were hemmed in"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies trängdes","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking land","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"land","lemma":"land","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"agent of trängdes","gloss":"land"}]},{"number":81,"label":"","id":"ch36-p19-s3","source":"Havet låg framför dem, stort och obegränsat.","translation":"The sea lay before them, vast and unbounded.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Havet","lemma":"Havet","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of låg","gloss":"the sea"},{"surface":"låg","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lay"},{"surface":"framför","lemma":"framför","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"in front of"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"oblique complement of låg","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"stort","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies låg","gloss":"vast","note":"Adverbial use of stor ('big'); e.g. 'inte stort' = 'not much'."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"obegränsat","lemma":"obegränsa","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with stort","gloss":"unbounded"}]},{"number":82,"label":"20","id":"ch36-p20-s1","source":"Härute slogo vildgässen ner på en klippholme, och när de stodo på marken, vände sig pojken till Dunfin.","translation":"Out here the wild geese landed on a rocky islet, and once they stood on the ground, the boy turned to Dunfin.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Härute","lemma":"härute","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies slogo","gloss":"out here"},{"surface":"slogo","lemma":"slogo","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"landed","note":"Archaic plural preterite of slå; tagged present but functions as past tense."},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of slogo","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies slogo","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking klippholme","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of klippholme","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"klippholme","lemma":"klippholme","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of slogo","gloss":"rocky islet"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of stodo","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of stodo","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"stodo","lemma":"stodo","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial clause on vände","gloss":"stood","note":"Archaic plural preterite of stå 'to stand', mistagged as adverb."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking marken","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"marken","lemma":"mark","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stodo","gloss":"ground"},{"surface":"vände","lemma":"vän","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with slogo","gloss":"turned","note":"Really the past tense 'vände' of the verb vända ('to turn'), mistagged here under lemma vän."},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"indirect object of vände","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of vände","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dunfin","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of vände","gloss":"Dunfin"}]},{"number":83,"label":"","id":"ch36-p20-s2","source":"»Vad var det för en stor stad, som vi for fram över?» sade han.","translation":"“What was that great city we flew over?” he said.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vad","lemma":"vad","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"depends on »","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Vad","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of Vad","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking stad","gloss":"kind of"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of stad","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies stad","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"stad","lemma":"stad","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of Vad","gloss":"town"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"introduces the clause of vi","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"adverbial clause on Vad","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies vi","gloss":"flew","note":"Past tense of fara (to travel/fly, here of tomte-Nils and geese in flight); mistagged as a preposition. Translation renders it \"flew\"/\"passing over\" far more often than \"traveled\"."},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase for","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase for","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"he"}]},{"number":84,"label":"21","id":"ch36-p21-s1","source":"»Jag vet inte vad den heter bland människorna,» sade Dunfin.","translation":"“I don't know what it's called among humans,” said Dunfin.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vet","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"vet","lemma":"veta","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"knows"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies vet","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"vad","lemma":"vad","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of heter","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of heter","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"heter","lemma":"heta","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of vet","gloss":"is called"},{"surface":"bland","lemma":"bland","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking människorna","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"människorna","lemma":"människa","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of heter","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to heter","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"Dunfin"}]},{"number":85,"label":"","id":"ch36-p21-s2","source":"»Vi grågäss kallar den Staden, som simmar på vattnet.»","translation":"“We gray geese call it the City that Swims on the Water.”","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of kallar","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"grågäss","lemma":"grågäss","morphology":"adverb","role":"subject of kallar","gloss":"gray geese"},{"surface":"kallar","lemma":"kalla","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"calls"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Staden","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"Staden","lemma":"stad","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of kallar","gloss":"town"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of simmar","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"simmar","lemma":"simma","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Staden","gloss":"swims"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vattnet","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"vattnet","lemma":"vatten","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of simmar","gloss":"water"}]},{"number":86,"label":"22","id":"ch36-p22-s1","source":"SYSTRARNA.","translation":"THE SISTERS.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"SYSTRARNA","lemma":"SYSTRARNA","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"THE SISTERS"}]},{"number":87,"label":"23","id":"ch36-p23-s1","source":"Dunfin hade två systrar: Vingsköna och Guldöga.","translation":"Dunfin had two sisters: Vingsköna and Guldöga.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"två","lemma":"två","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies systrar","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"systrar","lemma":"syster","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"sisters"},{"surface":"Vingsköna","lemma":"vingsköna","morphology":"noun","role":"in apposition to systrar","gloss":"Vingsköna"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Guldöga","lemma":"Guldöga","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with Vingsköna","gloss":"Guldöga","note":"Name of a wild goose, Dunfin's sister."}]},{"number":88,"label":"","id":"ch36-p23-s2","source":"De voro starka och kloka fåglar, men de hade inte en så mjuk och glänsande fjäderskrud som Dunfin och inte heller ett så milt och ljuvt sinnelag.","translation":"They were strong and clever birds, but they had neither so soft and glossy a plumage as Dunfin, nor so mild and sweet a disposition.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of fåglar","gloss":"they","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies fåglar","gloss":"were","note":"archaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective."},{"surface":"starka","lemma":"stark","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies fåglar","gloss":"strong"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"kloka","lemma":"kloka","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with starka","gloss":"wise"},{"surface":"fåglar","lemma":"fågel","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"birds"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with fåglar","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies hade","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"introduces the clause of mjuk","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies mjuk","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"mjuk","lemma":"mjuk","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies hade","gloss":"soft"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"glänsande","lemma":"glänsande","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies fjäderskrud","gloss":"gleaming"},{"surface":"fjäderskrud","lemma":"fjäderskrud","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with mjuk","gloss":"plumage"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of Dunfin","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with fåglar","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies sinnelag","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"heller","lemma":"heller","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sinnelag","gloss":"either"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of sinnelag","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies milt","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"milt","lemma":"mild","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies sinnelag","gloss":"gentle"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ljuvt","lemma":"ljuvt","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"coordinated with milt","gloss":"sweet"},{"surface":"sinnelag","lemma":"sinnelag","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with Dunfin","gloss":"nature"}]},{"number":89,"label":"","id":"ch36-p23-s3","source":"Allt ifrån det, att de voro små gula gässlingar, hade också föräldrar och släktingar, ja, till och med den gamla fiskaren tydligt låtit dem märka, att de tyckte mera om Dunfin än om dem, och därför hade systrarna alltid hatat henne.","translation":"Ever since they were small yellow goslings, their parents and relatives, indeed even the old fisherman, had let them plainly feel that they liked Dunfin better than they liked them, and so the sisters had always hated her.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"hade ... låtit","title":"Pluperfect: har/hade + supine","body":"«Låtit» is the supine of «låta» ('to let, allow'), used with «hade» to build the pluperfect 'had let' — Swedish's two-part perfect tenses always pair an auxiliary with the supine form, distinct from the simple past («lät»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"Allt","lemma":"Allt","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"introduces the clause of gässlingar","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"ifrån","lemma":"ifrån","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase Allt","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"part of the phrase Allt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase Allt","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"determiner of gässlingar","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies gässlingar","gloss":"were","note":"archaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective."},{"surface":"små","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies gässlingar","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"gula","lemma":"gul","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies gässlingar","gloss":"yellow"},{"surface":"gässlingar","lemma":"gässling","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"goslings"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"också","lemma":"också","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hade","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"föräldrar","lemma":"förälder","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"parents"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"släktingar","lemma":"släkting","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with föräldrar","gloss":"relatives"},{"surface":"ja","lemma":"ja","morphology":"interjection","role":"parallel clause to hade","gloss":"yes"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fiskaren","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"part of the phrase till","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase till","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of fiskaren","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gamla","lemma":"gammal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies fiskaren","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"fiskaren","lemma":"fiskare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of märka","gloss":"fisherman"},{"surface":"tydligt","lemma":"tydlig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies märka","gloss":"clearly"},{"surface":"låtit","lemma":"låta","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"auxiliary of märka","gloss":"let"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"subject of märka","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"märka","lemma":"märka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with hade","gloss":"to notice"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tyckte","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of tyckte","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"tyckte","lemma":"tycka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of märka","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"mera","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tyckte","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"preposition marking Dunfin","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"dunfin","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of tyckte","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"modifies Dunfin","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"fond of"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"oblique complement of Dunfin","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"därför","lemma":"därför","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hatat","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of hatat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"systrarna","lemma":"systrarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of hatat","gloss":"the sisters"},{"surface":"alltid","lemma":"alltid","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hatat","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"hatat","lemma":"hata","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with tyckte","gloss":"hated"},{"surface":"henne","lemma":"henne","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of hatat","gloss":"her"}]},{"number":90,"label":"24","id":"ch36-p24-s1","source":"När vildgässen landade på skäret, gingo Vingsköna och Guldöga och betade på en liten grön plätt ett stycke från stranden och fingo genast syn på främlingarna.","translation":"When the wild geese landed on the skerry, Vingsköna and Guldöga were grazing on a small green patch a little way from the shore, and at once caught sight of the strangers.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"När","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of landade","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of landade","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"landade","lemma":"landa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"landed"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skäret","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"skäret","lemma":"skäer","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of landade","gloss":"skerry"},{"surface":"gingo","lemma":"gingo","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies Vingsköna","gloss":"went","note":"Past plural of gå (to go); mistagged as an adjective."},{"surface":"Vingsköna","lemma":"vingsköna","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with landade","gloss":"Vingsköna"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Guldöga","lemma":"Guldöga","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with Vingsköna","gloss":"Guldöga","note":"Name of a wild goose, Dunfin's sister."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"betade","lemma":"beta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with landade","gloss":"grazed"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking plätt","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of plätt","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"liten","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies plätt","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"grön","lemma":"grön","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies plätt","gloss":"green"},{"surface":"plätt","lemma":"plätt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of betade","gloss":"patch"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of stycke","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stycke","lemma":"stycke","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of landade","gloss":"piece"},{"surface":"från","lemma":"från","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking stranden","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"stranden","lemma":"strand","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of landade","gloss":"shore"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fingo","lemma":"fingo","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"coordinated with landade","gloss":"caught sight","note":"past plural of få ('to get'); mistagged as imperative."},{"surface":"genast","lemma":"genast","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fingo","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"syn","lemma":"syn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of fingo","gloss":"sight"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking främlingarna","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"främlingarna","lemma":"främlingarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies syn","gloss":"the strangers"}]},{"number":91,"label":"25","id":"ch36-p25-s1","source":"»Se, syster Guldöga, sådana ståtliga vildgäss, som slår ner på ön!» sade Vingsköna.","translation":"“Look, sister Guldöga, what stately wild geese, landing on our island!” said Vingsköna.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"look"},{"surface":"syster","lemma":"syster","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of Se","gloss":"sister"},{"surface":"Guldöga","lemma":"Guldöga","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"complement of Se","gloss":"Guldöga","note":"Name of a wild goose, Dunfin's sister."},{"surface":"sådana","lemma":"sån","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies vildgäss","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"ståtliga","lemma":"ståtlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies vildgäss","gloss":"stately"},{"surface":"vildgäss","lemma":"vildgäss","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"coordinated with Se","gloss":"wild geese"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of slår","gloss":"what","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"slår","lemma":"slå","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on vildgäss","gloss":"landing"},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on slår","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ön","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"ön","lemma":"ön","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of slår","gloss":"the island"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Vingsköna","lemma":"Vingsköna","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"Vingsköna"}]},{"number":92,"label":"","id":"ch36-p25-s2","source":"»Jag har sällan sett fåglar med så präktig hållning.","translation":"“I have seldom seen birds with such a splendid bearing.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sett","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of sett","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"sällan","lemma":"sällan","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sett","gloss":"seldom"},{"surface":"sett","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"seen"},{"surface":"fåglar","lemma":"fågel","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of sett","gloss":"birds"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hållning","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies präktig","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"präktig","lemma":"präktig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies hållning","gloss":"splendid"},{"surface":"hållning","lemma":"hållning","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sett","gloss":"bearing"}]},{"number":93,"label":"","id":"ch36-p25-s3","source":"Och ser du, att de har en vit gåskarl ibland sig?","translation":"And do you see, they have a white gander among them?","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ser","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sees"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ser","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of har","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of har","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of ser","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of gåskarl","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"vit","lemma":"vit","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies gåskarl","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"gåskarl","lemma":"gåskarl","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"gander"},{"surface":"ibland","lemma":"ibland","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies har","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"themselves"}]},{"number":94,"label":"","id":"ch36-p25-s4","source":"Har du sett en skönare fågel?","translation":"Have you ever seen a handsomer bird?","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of sett","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sett","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"sett","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"seen"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of fågel","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"skönare","lemma":"skönare","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"modifies fågel","gloss":"more beautiful"},{"surface":"fågel","lemma":"fågel","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of sett","gloss":"bird"}]},{"number":95,"label":"","id":"ch36-p25-s5","source":"Man kunde nästan ta honom för en svan.»","translation":"One could almost take him for a swan.”","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ta","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ta","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"nästan","lemma":"nästan","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ta","gloss":"almost"},{"surface":"ta","lemma":"ta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to take"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of ta","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking svan","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of svan","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"svan","lemma":"svan","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ta","gloss":"swan"}]},{"number":96,"label":"26","id":"ch36-p26-s1","source":"Guldöga gav systern rätt i att det helt säkert var mycket framstående främlingar, som hade kommit till ön.","translation":"Guldöga agreed with her sister that these were most certainly very distinguished strangers who had come to the island.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Guldöga","lemma":"Guldöga","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of gav","gloss":"Guldöga","note":"Name of a wild goose, Dunfin's sister."},{"surface":"gav","lemma":"ge","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"agreed","note":"Light-verb idioms in the examples: \"gav ... till ett klagoskrik\" = let out a cry; \"gav sig tid\" = took the time — not literal \"gave\" in either case."},{"surface":"systern","lemma":"syster","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of gav","gloss":"sister"},{"surface":"rätt","lemma":"rätt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of gav","gloss":"right"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of främlingar","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of främlingar","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with främlingar","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"helt","lemma":"helt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies säkert","gloss":"quite"},{"surface":"säkert","lemma":"säker","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies främlingar","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to främlingar","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"mycket","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies framstående","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"framstående","lemma":"framstående","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies främlingar","gloss":"distinguished"},{"surface":"främlingar","lemma":"främling","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"adverbial clause on gav","gloss":"strangers"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of kommit","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of kommit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"kommit","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"relative clause on främlingar","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ön","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ön","lemma":"ön","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kommit","gloss":"the island"}]},{"number":97,"label":"","id":"ch36-p26-s2","source":"Men plötsligen avbröt hon sig och ropade: »Syster Vingsköna, syster Vingsköna!","translation":"But suddenly she broke off and cried: “Sister Vingsköna, sister Vingsköna!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"plötsligen","lemma":"plötsligen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies avbröt","gloss":"suddenly"},{"surface":"avbröt","lemma":"avbröt","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"broke off/interrupted"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of avbröt","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of avbröt","gloss":"herself"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ropade","lemma":"ropa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with avbröt","gloss":"called out"},{"surface":"Syster","lemma":"syster","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Vingsköna","gloss":"sister"},{"surface":"Vingsköna","lemma":"Vingsköna","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Vingsköna"},{"surface":"syster","lemma":"syster","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Vingsköna","gloss":"sister"},{"surface":"Vingsköna","lemma":"vingsköna","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with Vingsköna","gloss":"Vingsköna"}]},{"number":98,"label":"","id":"ch36-p26-s3","source":"Ser du inte vem det är, som de för med sig?»","translation":"Don't you see who it is they're bringing with them?”","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ser","lemma":"Ser","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"see","note":"Present tense of se ('to see'); capitalized here as sentence-initial."},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Ser","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies Ser","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"vem","lemma":"vem","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of är","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of är","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of Ser","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"introduces the clause of de","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"clausal complement of är","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"adverb","role":"preposition marking sig","gloss":"bring"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sig","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"part of the phrase de","gloss":"themselves"}]},{"number":99,"label":"27","id":"ch36-p27-s1","source":"Med detsamma fick också Vingsköna ögonen på Dunfin och blev så häpen, att hon en lång stund stod med näbben öppen och bara väste.","translation":"At that same moment Vingsköna too caught sight of Dunfin and was so astonished that for a long while she stood with her beak open, only hissing.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking detsamma","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"detsamma","lemma":"densamma","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of fick","gloss":"the same"},{"surface":"fick","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"caught sight"},{"surface":"också","lemma":"också","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fick","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"Vingsköna","lemma":"Vingsköna","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies ögonen","gloss":"Vingsköna"},{"surface":"ögonen","lemma":"ögonen","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of fick","gloss":"the eyes"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dunfin","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of fick","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with fick","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies häpen","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"häpen","lemma":"häp","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of blev","gloss":"astonished","note":"Predicate adjective häpen ('astonished'); tagged as noun."},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of stod","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of stod","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of stund","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"lång","lemma":"lång","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies stund","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"stund","lemma":"stund","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stod","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"stod","lemma":"stå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of blev","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking näbben","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"näbben","lemma":"näbbe","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of stod","gloss":"the beak","note":"Mislabeled as plural; näbben is the definite singular of näbb (\"the beak\")."},{"surface":"öppen","lemma":"öppen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of stod","gloss":"open"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bara","lemma":"bara","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies väste","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"väste","lemma":"väste","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with öppen","gloss":"hissed","note":"this is the past tense of the verb väsa ('to hiss'), not an adjective."}]},{"number":100,"label":"","id":"ch36-p27-s2","source":"»Det kan väl aldrig vara möjligt, att det är hon?","translation":"“It can surely never be possible that it's her?","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with möjligt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of möjligt","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"väl","lemma":"väl","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies möjligt","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"aldrig","lemma":"aldrig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies möjligt","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"vara","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to möjligt","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"möjligt","lemma":"möjlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"possible","note":"half the examples (ch01-p27, ch04-p30) use the fixed idiom 'allt möjligt' = 'all sorts of/everything', not the literal 'possible' sense used in the other two."},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hon","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of hon","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to hon","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"depends on möjligt","gloss":"she"}]},{"number":101,"label":"","id":"ch36-p27-s3","source":"Hur har hon kommit in bland sådant folk?","translation":"How has she come to be among such company?","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hur","lemma":"hur","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kommit","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of kommit","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kommit","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"kommit","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kommit","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"bland","lemma":"bland","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking folk","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"sådant","lemma":"sån","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies folk","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"folk","lemma":"folk","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of kommit","gloss":"people"}]},{"number":102,"label":"","id":"ch36-p27-s4","source":"Vi lämnade henne ju att svälta ihjäl på Öland.»","translation":"We left her, after all, to starve to death on Öland.”","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of lämnade","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"lämnade","lemma":"lämna","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"left"},{"surface":"henne","lemma":"henne","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of lämnade","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"ju","lemma":"ju","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lämnade","gloss":"after all"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of svälta","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"svälta","lemma":"svälta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on lämnade","gloss":"to starve"},{"surface":"ihjäl","lemma":"ihjäl","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of svälta","gloss":"to death"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Öland","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"Öland","lemma":"Öland","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of svälta","gloss":"Öland"}]},{"number":103,"label":"28","id":"ch36-p28-s1","source":"»Det värsta är, att hon kommer att skvallra för far och mor och tala om, att det var vi, som flög så hårt inpå henne, att vingen gick ur led,» sade Guldöga.","translation":"“The worst of it is that she'll go tattling to father and mother, telling them it was we who flew so hard into her that her wing was put out of joint,” said Guldöga.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of värsta","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"värsta","lemma":"ond","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"worst"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to värsta","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of skvallra","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of skvallra","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"kommer","lemma":"komma","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of skvallra","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of skvallra","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"skvallra","lemma":"skvallra","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on värsta","gloss":"tattle"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking far","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"far","lemma":"far","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of skvallra","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"mor","lemma":"mor","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with far","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tala","lemma":"tala","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with far","gloss":"to speak"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tala","gloss":"tell"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of var","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"depends on värsta","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of var","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of flög","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"flög","lemma":"flög","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on vi","gloss":"flew","note":"Actually the past tense of flyga ('to fly'), mistagged here as present."},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hårt","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"hårt","lemma":"hård","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies flög","gloss":"hard"},{"surface":"inpå","lemma":"inpå","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking henne","gloss":"right up on"},{"surface":"henne","lemma":"henne","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of flög","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gick","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"vingen","lemma":"ving","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gick","gloss":"wing"},{"surface":"gick","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of var","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"ur","lemma":"ur","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on gick","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"led","lemma":"led","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gick","gloss":"joint","note":"Second example 'när det led mot kvällen' = 'as evening drew near' is the verb lida ('led' = past tense), not the noun led — mistagged here."},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to var","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Guldöga","lemma":"Guldöga","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"Guldöga","note":"Name of a wild goose, Dunfin's sister."}]},{"number":104,"label":"","id":"ch36-p28-s2","source":"»Du ska få se, att det slutar så, att vi blir bortkörda från skäret.»","translation":"“You'll see, it will end with us being driven off the skerry.”","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of se","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"ska","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of se","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"få","lemma":"få","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of se","gloss":"get to"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of slutar","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of slutar","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"slutar","lemma":"sluta","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of se","gloss":"stops"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies slutar","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of blir","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of blir","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"blir","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of se","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"bortkörda","lemma":"bortkörd","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"complement of blir","gloss":"driven off"},{"surface":"från","lemma":"från","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skäret","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"skäret","lemma":"skär","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of blir","gloss":"skerry"}]},{"number":105,"label":"29","id":"ch36-p29-s1","source":"»Inte har vi annat än förargelse att vänta, sedan den bortskämda ungen har kommit tillbaka,» sade Vingsköna.","translation":"“We have nothing but vexation to look forward to, now that the spoiled brat has come back,” said Vingsköna.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies annat","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of annat","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of har","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"annat","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies förargelse","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of förargelse","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"förargelse","lemma":"förargelse","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of »","gloss":"vexation"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of vänta","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"vänta","lemma":"vänta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to wait"},{"surface":"sedan","lemma":"sedan","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kommit","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of ungen","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"bortskämda","lemma":"bortskämda","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies ungen","gloss":"spoiled"},{"surface":"ungen","lemma":"unge","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kommit","gloss":"brat"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of kommit","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"kommit","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on vänta","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"tillbaka","lemma":"tillbaka","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kommit","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"saa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to vänta","gloss":"said","note":"lemma should be säga 'to say'; sade/sa are its past-tense forms."},{"surface":"Vingsköna","lemma":"Vingsköna","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"Vingsköna"}]},{"number":106,"label":"","id":"ch36-p29-s2","source":"»Men nu tror jag, att det till en början är klokast, att vi visar oss så glada över att hon har kommit tillbaka, som vi nånsin förmår.","translation":"“But for now I think it wisest that we show ourselves as glad as we possibly can that she has come back.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tror","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"tror","lemma":"tro","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"thinks"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tror","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of klokast","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of klokast","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking början","gloss":"for now"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of början","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"början","lemma":"början","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of klokast","gloss":"beginning"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to klokast","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"klokast","lemma":"klok","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"clausal complement of tror","gloss":"wisest"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of visar","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of visar","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"visar","lemma":"visa","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on klokast","gloss":"shows"},{"surface":"oss","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of visar","gloss":"us"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies glada","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"glada","lemma":"glad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"complement of visar","gloss":"glad"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of kommit","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kommit","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kommit","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of kommit","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"kommit","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on glada","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"tillbaka","lemma":"tillbaka","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kommit","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"introduces the clause of förmår","gloss":"as","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of förmår","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"nånsin","lemma":"nånsin","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies förmår","gloss":"ever"},{"surface":"förmår","lemma":"förmå","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on kommit","gloss":"is able to"}]},{"number":107,"label":"","id":"ch36-p29-s3","source":"Hon är så dum, att hon kanske inte en gång märkte, att vi knuffade till henne med avsikt.»","translation":"She's so foolish that she may not even have noticed we bumped into her on purpose.”","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of dum","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to dum","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dum","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"dum","lemma":"dum","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"foolish"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of märkte","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of märkte","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"kanske","lemma":"kanske","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies märkte","gloss":"perhaps"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies märkte","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of gång","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gång","lemma":"gång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of märkte","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"märkte","lemma":"märka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on dum","gloss":"noticed"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of knuffade","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of knuffade","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"knuffade","lemma":"knuffa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of märkte","gloss":"shoved"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking henne","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"henne","lemma":"henne","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of knuffade","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of avsikt","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"avsikt","lemma":"avsikt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of knuffade","gloss":"intention"}]},{"number":108,"label":"30","id":"ch36-p30-s1","source":"Medan Vingsköna och Guldöga talade på detta sättet, hade vildgässen stått på stranden och lagt sina fjädrar till rätta efter flykten.","translation":"While Vingsköna and Guldöga were talking in this manner, the wild geese had been standing on the shore, smoothing their feathers back into place after the flight.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Medan","lemma":"medan","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of talade","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"Vingsköna","lemma":"Vingsköna","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of talade","gloss":"Vingsköna","note":"Proper name (a wild goose)."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Guldöga","lemma":"Guldöga","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with Vingsköna","gloss":"Guldöga","note":"Name of a wild goose, Dunfin's sister."},{"surface":"talade","lemma":"tala","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on stått","gloss":"spoke"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sättet","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of sättet","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"sättet","lemma":"sätt","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of talade","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of stått","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of stått","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"stått","lemma":"stå","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking stranden","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"stranden","lemma":"strand","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stått","gloss":"shore"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lagt","lemma":"laga","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with stått","gloss":"smoothing","note":"ch35-p49-s1 'lagt märke till' is the idiom \"noticed,\" not literal \"laid.\""},{"surface":"sina","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"possessor of fjädrar","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"fjädrar","lemma":"fjädr","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of lagt","gloss":"feathers"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking flykten","gloss":"into place"},{"surface":"rätta","lemma":"rätta","morphology":"noun, common gender","role":"part of the phrase till","gloss":"into place","note":"The gloss 'order' doesn't fit any of the four examples, which are three distinct idioms built on the noun 'rätta' (the right/correct state), not a standalone noun meaning 'order'."},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking flykten","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"flykten","lemma":"flykt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of lagt","gloss":"flight"}]},{"number":109,"label":"","id":"ch36-p30-s2","source":"Nu tågade de i en lång rad uppför den klippiga stranden till skrevan, där Dunfin visste, att föräldrarna brukade uppehålla sig.","translation":"Now they marched in a long line up the rocky shore to the cleft where Dunfin knew her parents were in the habit of staying.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tågade","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"tågade","lemma":"tåga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"marched"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of tågade","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rad","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of rad","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"lång","lemma":"lång","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies rad","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"rad","lemma":"rad","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of tågade","gloss":"row"},{"surface":"uppför","lemma":"uppför","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking stranden","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of stranden","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"klippiga","lemma":"klippig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies stranden","gloss":"rocky"},{"surface":"stranden","lemma":"strand","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of tågade","gloss":"shore"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of skrevan","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"skrevan","lemma":"skrevan","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on tågade","gloss":"the cleft"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies visste","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of visste","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"visste","lemma":"visste","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on tågade","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of brukade","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"föräldrarna","lemma":"förälder","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of brukade","gloss":"parents"},{"surface":"brukade","lemma":"bruka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of visste","gloss":"used to"},{"surface":"uppehålla","lemma":"uppehålla","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of brukade","gloss":"stay"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of uppehålla","gloss":"themselves"}]},{"number":110,"label":"31","id":"ch36-p31-s1","source":"Dunfins föräldrar voro ett utmärkt folk.","translation":"Dunfin's parents were excellent people.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dunfins","lemma":"Dunfins","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of föräldrar","gloss":"Dunfin's"},{"surface":"föräldrar","lemma":"förälder","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of voro","gloss":"parents"},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"were","note":"Past plural of vara (to be); mistagged as an adjective."},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of folk","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"utmärkt","lemma":"utmärkt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies folk","gloss":"excellent"},{"surface":"folk","lemma":"folk","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of voro","gloss":"people"}]},{"number":111,"label":"","id":"ch36-p31-s2","source":"De hade bott längre på ön än någon annan, och de brukade råda och hjälpa alla nykomlingar.","translation":"They had lived on the island longer than anyone else, and they were in the habit of advising and helping all newcomers.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of bott","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of bott","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"bott","lemma":"bott","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lived"},{"surface":"längre","lemma":"länge","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bott","gloss":"longer"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ön","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"ön","lemma":"ön","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of bott","gloss":"the island"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of annan","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"någon","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of annan","gloss":"anyone"},{"surface":"annan","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial clause on bott","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of brukade","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"brukade","lemma":"bruka","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with bott","gloss":"usually did","note":"Backbone tags this as an adjective, but the surface (brukade) is the past tense of bruka, 'to usually do'."},{"surface":"råda","lemma":"råda","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of brukade","gloss":"to advise"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hjälpa","lemma":"hjälpa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with råda","gloss":"help"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of nykomlingar","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"nykomlingar","lemma":"nykomling","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of hjälpa","gloss":"newcomers"}]},{"number":112,"label":"","id":"ch36-p31-s3","source":"De hade också sett vildgässen komma, men de hade inte känt igen Dunfin i flocken.","translation":"They too had seen the wild geese arrive, but they had not recognized Dunfin in the flock.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of sett","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of sett","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"också","lemma":"också","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sett","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"sett","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"seen"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of sett","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"komma","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of sett","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of känt","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of känt","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies känt","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"känt","lemma":"känd","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with sett","gloss":"recognized"},{"surface":"igen","lemma":"igen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies känt","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of sett","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking flocken","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"flocken","lemma":"flock","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Dunfin","gloss":"flock"}]},{"number":113,"label":"","id":"ch36-p31-s4","source":"»Det var märkligt att se vildgäss landa här på skäret,» sade gåsbonden.","translation":"“It's remarkable to see wild geese land here on the skerry,” said the gander-farmer.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with märkligt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to märkligt","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"märkligt","lemma":"märklig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"remarkable"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on märkligt","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"vildgäss","lemma":"vildgäss","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of landa","gloss":"wild geese"},{"surface":"landa","lemma":"landa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of se","gloss":"land"},{"surface":"här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies landa","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skäret","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"skäret","lemma":"skäer","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of landa","gloss":"skerry"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with märkligt","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"gåsbonden","lemma":"gåsbond","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"gander-farmer"}]},{"number":114,"label":"","id":"ch36-p31-s5","source":"»Det är en präktig flock.","translation":"“It's a splendid flock.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of flock","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to flock","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of flock","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"präktig","lemma":"präktig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies flock","gloss":"splendid"},{"surface":"flock","lemma":"flock","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"flock"}]},{"number":115,"label":"","id":"ch36-p31-s6","source":"Det syns redan på flykten.","translation":"You can tell as much just from their flight.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with syns","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"syns","lemma":"synas","morphology":"verb, present, indicative","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"you can tell"},{"surface":"redan","lemma":"redan","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies syns","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking flykten","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"flykten","lemma":"flykt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of syns","gloss":"flight"}]},{"number":116,"label":"","id":"ch36-p31-s7","source":"Men det blir inte lätt att finna betesplatser för så många.»","translation":"But it won't be easy to find grazing ground for so many.”","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with blir","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"blir","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies blir","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"lätt","lemma":"lätt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"complement of blir","gloss":"easy","note":"ch01-p14 'ett lätt buller' renders as 'a faint noise' in the translation, a distinct sense from weight/air-lightness or ease."},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of finna","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"finna","lemma":"finna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on blir","gloss":"find"},{"surface":"betesplatser","lemma":"betesplats","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of finna","gloss":"grazing grounds"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on finna","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies många","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"många","lemma":"mången","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"direct object of finna","gloss":"many"}]},{"number":117,"label":"","id":"ch36-p31-s8","source":"— »Ännu har vi det väl inte så överfullt, att vi inte kan ta emot dem, som kommer,» sade hans hustru.","translation":"“—We're surely not so overcrowded yet that we can't take in those who come,” said his wife.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ännu","lemma":"ännu","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"adverbial clause on överfullt","gloss":"still/yet","note":"Actually the adverb 'ännu', mistagged as a proper noun."},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of överfullt","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of överfullt","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with överfullt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"väl","lemma":"väl","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies överfullt","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies överfullt","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies överfullt","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"överfullt","lemma":"överfull","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"overcrowded"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ta","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of ta","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies ta","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ta","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"ta","lemma":"ta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on överfullt","gloss":"to take"},{"surface":"emot","lemma":"emot","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on ta","gloss":"take in"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of ta","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of kommer","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"kommer","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on dem","gloss":"comes"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with ta","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of hustru","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"hustru","lemma":"hustru","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"wife"}]},{"number":118,"label":"","id":"ch36-p31-s9","source":"Hon var mild och god till lynnet, hon som Dunfin.","translation":"She was mild and gentle of temper, she too, like Dunfin.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of mild","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to mild","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"mild","lemma":"mild","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"mild"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"god","lemma":"god","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with mild","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lynnet","gloss":"of temper"},{"surface":"lynnet","lemma":"lynn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of mild","gloss":"temper"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial clause on mild","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of Dunfin","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of mild","gloss":"Dunfin"}]},{"number":119,"label":"32","id":"ch36-p32-s1","source":"När Akka kom tågande, gingo Dunfins föräldrar emot henne och skulle just hälsa henne välkommen till ön, då Dunfin flög upp från sin plats sist i tåget och slog ner mittemellan föräldrarna.","translation":"When Akka came marching up, Dunfin's parents went to meet her and were just about to welcome her to the island, when Dunfin flew up from her place at the back of the line and landed right between her parents.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"När","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kom","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"tågande","lemma":"tågande","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"direct object of kom","gloss":"marching along"},{"surface":"gingo","lemma":"gingo","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with tågande","gloss":"went","note":"Past plural of gå (to go); mistagged as an adjective."},{"surface":"Dunfins","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of föräldrar","gloss":"Dunfin's"},{"surface":"föräldrar","lemma":"förälder","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with tågande","gloss":"parents"},{"surface":"emot","lemma":"emot","morphology":"adverb","role":"preposition marking henne","gloss":"to meet"},{"surface":"henne","lemma":"henne","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies föräldrar","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of välkommen","gloss":"were about to"},{"surface":"just","lemma":"just","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hälsa","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"hälsa","lemma":"hälsa","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of välkommen","gloss":"welcome","note":"Both given examples are the verb hälsa, not the noun: 'hälsa på i varenda gård' = 'to visit every farm', 'låter nu hälsa dig' = 'sends word/greeting to you'. The tagged noun sense ('health') is not attested in these examples; flagging as context-dependent since the surface is shared between noun and verb."},{"surface":"henne","lemma":"henne","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies välkommen","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"välkommen","lemma":"välkommen","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with föräldrar","gloss":"welcome"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ön","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ön","lemma":"ön","morphology":"noun, common gender","role":"oblique complement of välkommen","gloss":"the island"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of flög","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of flög","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"flög","lemma":"flög","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on tågande","gloss":"flew","note":"Actually the past tense of flyga ('to fly'), mistagged here as present."},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on flög","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"från","lemma":"från","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking plats","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of plats","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"plats","lemma":"plats","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of flög","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"sist","lemma":"sist","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies flög","gloss":"last"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tåget","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"tåget","lemma":"tåg","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of sist","gloss":"line","note":"Second example ('en sjöman äntrar uppför ett tåg' = 'a sailor climbs up a rope') uses the nautical sense 'rope', not 'train'; the type was pinned to 'train' with contextDependent false, missing this attested sense."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"slog","lemma":"slå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with flög","gloss":"landed","note":"Light verb whose sense shifts with its particle (slog upp/ihop/omkull/sig ner)."},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on slog","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"mittemellan","lemma":"mittemellan","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking föräldrarna","gloss":"between"},{"surface":"föräldrarna","lemma":"förälder","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of slog","gloss":"parents"}]},{"number":120,"label":"","id":"ch36-p32-s2","source":"»Far och mor, nu är jag här!","translation":"“Father, Mother, here I am!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Far","lemma":"far","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of jag","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"mor","lemma":"mor","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Far","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies jag","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to jag","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies jag","gloss":"here"}]},{"number":121,"label":"","id":"ch36-p32-s3","source":"Känner ni inte igen Dunfin?» ropade hon.","translation":"Don't you recognize Dunfin?” she cried.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Känner","lemma":"Känna","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"recognize","note":"'Känna' covers 'know/recognize', 'feel', and (with lukta) 'smell/notice a smell'."},{"surface":"ni","lemma":"ni","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Känner","gloss":"you","note":"second-person plural/formal pronoun, tagged singular by the parser."},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies Känner","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"igen","lemma":"igen","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on Känner","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of Känner","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"ropade","lemma":"ropa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"called out"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ropade","gloss":"she"}]},{"number":122,"label":"","id":"ch36-p32-s4","source":"Först kunde de gamla inte riktigt komma till rätta med vad de sågo, men så kände de igen dottern och blevo orimligt glada förstås.","translation":"At first the old ones could not quite make sense of what they saw, but then they recognized their daughter and were, of course, unreasonably overjoyed.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Först","lemma":"först","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies komma","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of komma","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of gamla","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"gamla","lemma":"gammal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"subject of komma","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies komma","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"riktigt","lemma":"riktig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies komma","gloss":"truly"},{"surface":"komma","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on komma","gloss":"make sense of"},{"surface":"rätta","lemma":"rätta","morphology":"noun, common gender","role":"part of the phrase till","gloss":"make sense","note":"The gloss 'order' doesn't fit any of the four examples, which are three distinct idioms built on the noun 'rätta' (the right/correct state), not a standalone noun meaning 'order'."},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vad","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"vad","lemma":"vad","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of sågo","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of sågo","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"sågo","lemma":"sågoa","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on komma","gloss":"saw","note":"Lemma/tag are corrupted; sågo is the plural past tense of se (\"saw\"), not a noun or present tense."},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kände","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"kände","lemma":"kän","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with komma","gloss":"recognized","note":"Past tense 'kände' of känna, here in the sense 'recognized'; same surface as käna but a distinct sense of the polysemous verb."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"subject of kände","gloss":"they","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"igen","lemma":"igen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kände","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"dottern","lemma":"dotter","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of kände","gloss":"daughter"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"blevo","lemma":"blevo","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with kände","gloss":"became","note":"lemma should be bli 'to become'; blevo is the archaic plural past tense (they became)."},{"surface":"orimligt","lemma":"orimlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies glada","gloss":"unreasonably"},{"surface":"glada","lemma":"glad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"complement of blevo","gloss":"glad"},{"surface":"förstås","lemma":"förstås","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies blevo","gloss":"of course"}]},{"number":123,"label":"33","id":"ch36-p33-s1","source":"Mittunder det att vildgässen och Mårten gåskarl och Dunfin själv kacklade som ivrigast för att berätta hur Dunfin hade blivit räddad, kommo Vingsköna och Guldöga springande.","translation":"In the very midst of the wild geese and Mårten Gander and Dunfin herself all cackling away as eagerly as they could to tell how Dunfin had been saved, Vingsköna and Guldöga came running up.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Mittunder","lemma":"Mittunder","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"in the midst of","note":"Functions as the preposition/adverb 'mittunder' (in the very midst of), not as a noun."},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with Mittunder","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kacklade","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kacklade","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Mårten","lemma":"Mårten","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with vildgässen","gloss":"Morten","note":"the studio translation renders this name as 'Morten'."},{"surface":"gåskarl","lemma":"gåskarl","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with vildgässen","gloss":"gander"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with vildgässen","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"själv","lemma":"själv","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clause modifying Dunfin","gloss":"herself"},{"surface":"kacklade","lemma":"kackla","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"depends on Mittunder","gloss":"cackled"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"introduces the clause of ivrigast","gloss":"as","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"ivrigast","lemma":"ivrig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"complement of kacklade","gloss":"most eagerly"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of berätta","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of berätta","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"berätta","lemma":"berätta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on kacklade","gloss":"to tell"},{"surface":"hur","lemma":"hur","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies blivit","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blivit","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of blivit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"blivit","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"clausal complement of berätta","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"räddad","lemma":"rädda","morphology":"verb, past, participle, common gender, singular, nominative","role":"complement of blivit","gloss":"saved"},{"surface":"kommo","lemma":"kommo","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with räddad","gloss":"came","note":"kommo is the archaic plural past tense of komma 'to come', not an infinitive despite the tag."},{"surface":"Vingsköna","lemma":"Vingsköna","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of kommo","gloss":"Vingsköna","note":"Proper name (a wild goose)."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Guldöga","lemma":"Guldöga","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"coordinated with Vingsköna","gloss":"Guldöga"},{"surface":"springande","lemma":"springande","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"complement of kommo","gloss":"running","note":"Present participle of springa (to run), mistagged as a noun."}]},{"number":124,"label":"","id":"ch36-p33-s2","source":"De ropade välkommen redan på långt håll och visade sig så glada över att Dunfin var hemma, att hon blev riktigt rörd.","translation":"They called out their welcome while still far off, and showed themselves so glad that Dunfin was home that she was quite touched.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of ropade","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"ropade","lemma":"ropa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"called out"},{"surface":"välkommen","lemma":"välkomme","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of ropade","gloss":"welcome"},{"surface":"redan","lemma":"redan","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies välkommen","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking håll","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"långt","lemma":"långt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies håll","gloss":"long","note":"Both examples ('for fram ett långt stycke' = 'sped along a long stretch', 'tog ett långt hopp' = 'took a long leap') mean 'long' (length), not 'far' (distance)."},{"surface":"håll","lemma":"håll","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of ropade","gloss":"directions"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"visade","lemma":"visa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with ropade","gloss":"showed"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of visade","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies glada","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"glada","lemma":"glad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"complement of visade","gloss":"glad"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of var","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of var","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on visade","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"hemma","lemma":"hemma","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"at home"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of blev","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"bli","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on ropade","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"riktigt","lemma":"riktig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies rörd","gloss":"truly"},{"surface":"rörd","lemma":"rör","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of blev","gloss":"moved","note":"Emotionally moved/touched, not physically stirred."}]},{"number":125,"label":"34","id":"ch36-p34-s1","source":"Vildgässen funno sig väl på skäret, och det blev beslutat, att de inte skulle fara vidare förrän nästa morgon.","translation":"The wild geese found themselves well off on the skerry, and it was decided that they would not travel on until the next morning.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässen","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of funno","gloss":"the wild geese"},{"surface":"funno","lemma":"funno","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"found","note":"Funno is the historical plural past form of finna."},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of funno","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"väl","lemma":"väl","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies funno","gloss":"well off"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skäret","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"skäret","lemma":"skäer","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of funno","gloss":"skerry"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of beslutat","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"bli","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to beslutat","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"beslutat","lemma":"besluta","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with funno","gloss":"decided"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fara","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of fara","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies fara","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of fara","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"fara","lemma":"fara","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clausal complement of beslutat","gloss":"go","note":"some listed surfaces (fara, far) are actually forms of the unrelated verb fara 'to travel/go'; gloss the noun sense danger for the noun-tagged type."},{"surface":"vidare","lemma":"vidare","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fara","gloss":"further"},{"surface":"förrän","lemma":"förrän","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies nästa","gloss":"before","note":"used with a preceding negative to mean 'no sooner than'."},{"surface":"nästa","lemma":"nästa","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies morgon","gloss":"next"},{"surface":"morgon","lemma":"morgon","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies fara","gloss":"morning"}]},{"number":126,"label":"","id":"ch36-p34-s2","source":"Om en stund frågade systrarna Dunfin om hon ville komma med dem för att se var de ämnade lägga sina reden.","translation":"After a while the sisters asked Dunfin whether she would like to come with them to see where they meant to lay their nests.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of frågade","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of stund","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stund","lemma":"stund","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of frågade","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"frågade","lemma":"fråga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on lägga","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"systrarna","lemma":"systrarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of frågade","gloss":"the sisters"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lägga","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of komma","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of komma","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"ville","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of komma","gloss":"wanted to"},{"surface":"komma","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clause modifying Dunfin","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"oblique complement of komma","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on lägga","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"adverb","role":"copula linking to ämnade","gloss":"was","note":"This is the past tense \"var\" of vara (\"to be\"), not an adverb; the parser mistagged it."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"determiner of ämnade","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"ämnade","lemma":"ämna","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"adverbial clause on lägga","gloss":"intended to","note":"Actually the past tense of the verb ämna \"to intend\", mislabeled as an adjective."},{"surface":"lägga","lemma":"lägga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to lay/put"},{"surface":"sina","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"possessor of reden","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"reden","lemma":"red","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of lägga","gloss":"nests"}]},{"number":127,"label":"","id":"ch36-p34-s3","source":"Hon följde dem genast och såg, att de hade valt sig väl undangömda och skyddade häckplatser.","translation":"She went with them at once and saw that they had chosen well-hidden and sheltered nesting spots.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of följde","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"följde","lemma":"följa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"followed"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of följde","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"genast","lemma":"genast","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies följde","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"såg","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with följde","gloss":"saw","note":"past tense of se, 'to see.'"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of valt","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of valt","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of valt","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"valt","lemma":"välja","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on följde","gloss":"chosen"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of valt","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"väl","lemma":"väl","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies undangömda","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"undangömda","lemma":"undangömed","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies häckplatser","gloss":"hidden away"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"skyddade","lemma":"skydda","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with undangömda","gloss":"sheltered"},{"surface":"häckplatser","lemma":"häckplats","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of valt","gloss":"nesting places"}]},{"number":128,"label":"","id":"ch36-p34-s4","source":"»Var ska nu du, Dunfin, slå dig ner?» frågade de.","translation":"“And where will you settle, Dunfin?” they asked.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Var","lemma":"var","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ska","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"ska","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of slå","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies du","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of slå","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with du","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"slå","lemma":"slå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"settle"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of slå","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on slå","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"frågade","lemma":"fråga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of frågade","gloss":"they"}]},{"number":129,"label":"","id":"ch36-p34-s5","source":"— »Jag?» sade Dunfin.","translation":"“—Me?” said Dunfin.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"depends on —","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"Dunfin"}]},{"number":130,"label":"","id":"ch36-p34-s6","source":"»Jag tänker inte stanna här på skäret.","translation":"“I don't intend to stay here on the skerry.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tänker","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"tänker","lemma":"tänka","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"think"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies tänker","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"stanna","lemma":"stanna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of tänker","gloss":"stay"},{"surface":"här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stanna","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skäret","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"skäret","lemma":"skär","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of stanna","gloss":"skerry"}]},{"number":131,"label":"","id":"ch36-p34-s7","source":"Jag ska följa med vildgässen oppåt Lappland.»","translation":"I'm going with the wild geese up to Lapland.”","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of följa","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"ska","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of följa","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"följa","lemma":"följa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to follow"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vildgässen","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of följa","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"oppåt","lemma":"oppåt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Lappland","gloss":"up toward","note":"Adverb/preposition meaning 'upward toward', mistagged as an adjective."},{"surface":"Lappland","lemma":"Lappland","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of följa","gloss":"Lapland"}]},{"number":132,"label":"","id":"ch36-p34-s8","source":"— »Det var synd, att du ska lämna oss,» sade systrarna.","translation":"“—It's a pity you're to leave us,” said the sisters.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of synd","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to synd","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"synd","lemma":"synd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"a pity"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of lämna","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lämna","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"ska","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of lämna","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"lämna","lemma":"lämna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on synd","gloss":"leave"},{"surface":"oss","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of lämna","gloss":"us"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"sa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to synd","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"systrarna","lemma":"systrarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"the sisters"}]},{"number":133,"label":"","id":"ch36-p34-s9","source":"— »Jag hade gärna dröjt kvar hos er och föräldrarna,» sade Dunfin.","translation":"“—I would gladly have stayed on with you and our parents,” said Dunfin.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of dröjt","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of dröjt","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"gärna","lemma":"gärna","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dröjt","gloss":"gladly","note":"Type lumps together gärna (gladly) and its suppletive superlative helst (rather/most)."},{"surface":"dröjt","lemma":"dröjt","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lingered"},{"surface":"kvar","lemma":"kvar","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on dröjt","gloss":"still there"},{"surface":"hos","lemma":"hos","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking er","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"ni","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of dröjt","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"föräldrarna","lemma":"förälder","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with er","gloss":"parents"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to dröjt","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"Dunfin"}]},{"number":134,"label":"","id":"ch36-p34-s10","source":"»Men jag har redan lovat den store vite...","translation":"“But I have already promised the great white one…","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Lappland","title":"Lappland — the far north","body":"Sweden's northernmost historical region, home to the Sámi and the summer breeding grounds of migratory geese; the wild geese's whole journey in the novel is a spring flight from the far south up to Lappland, which is why Dunfin names it as her own destination here."}],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lovat","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of lovat","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"redan","lemma":"redan","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lovat","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"lovat","lemma":"lovama","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"promised"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of lovat","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"store","lemma":"store","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies vite","gloss":"big","note":"Weak-declension form of 'stor'."},{"surface":"vite","lemma":"vite","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"complement of lovat","gloss":"white one","note":"Definite/weak form of vit used substantively, \"the white one\"."}]},{"number":135,"label":"","id":"ch36-p34-s11","source":"— »Vad?» ropade Vingsköna.","translation":"“—What?” cried Vingsköna.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vad","lemma":"vad","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"depends on —","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"ropade","lemma":"ropa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"called out"},{"surface":"Vingsköna","lemma":"Vingsköna","morphology":"noun","role":"subject of ropade","gloss":"Vingsköna","note":"Proper name (a wild goose)."}]},{"number":136,"label":"","id":"ch36-p34-s12","source":"»Ska du ha den sköna gåskarln?","translation":"“Are you to have the handsome gander?","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ska","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ha","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ha","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to have"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of gåskarln","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"sköna","lemma":"skön","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies gåskarln","gloss":"beautiful"},{"surface":"gåskarln","lemma":"gåskarln","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"direct object of ha","gloss":"the gander","note":"Karln is a colloquial contracted definite form of karl."}]},{"number":137,"label":"","id":"ch36-p34-s13","source":"Det är då...","translation":"Well, that is…","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of då","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to då","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"well"}]},{"number":138,"label":"","id":"ch36-p34-s14","source":"Men här stötte Guldöga häftigt till henne, och hon avbröt sig.","translation":"But here Guldöga gave her a sharp nudge, and she broke off.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stötte","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"stötte","lemma":"stötte","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"struck"},{"surface":"Guldöga","lemma":"Guldöga","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of stötte","gloss":"Guldöga","note":"Name of a wild goose, Dunfin's sister."},{"surface":"häftigt","lemma":"häftig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stötte","gloss":"violently"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking henne","gloss":"nudged"},{"surface":"henne","lemma":"henne","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stötte","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of avbröt","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"avbröt","lemma":"avbröt","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with stötte","gloss":"broke off/interrupted"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of avbröt","gloss":"herself"}]},{"number":139,"label":"35","id":"ch36-p35-s1","source":"De två elaka systrarna hade mycket att tala om hela förmiddagen.","translation":"The two spiteful sisters had a great deal to talk about the whole morning.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of systrarna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"två","lemma":"två","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies systrarna","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"elaka","lemma":"elak","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies systrarna","gloss":"wicked"},{"surface":"systrarna","lemma":"systrarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"the sisters"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"mycket","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of tala","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"tala","lemma":"tala","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on hade","gloss":"to speak"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking förmiddagen","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"hela","lemma":"hel","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies förmiddagen","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"förmiddagen","lemma":"förmiddag","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of tala","gloss":"morning"}]},{"number":140,"label":"","id":"ch36-p35-s2","source":"De voro alldeles utom sig över att Dunfin hade en sådan friare som den vita gåskarlen.","translation":"They were quite beside themselves that Dunfin had won such a suitor as the white gander.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of voro","gloss":"they","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"were","note":"archaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective."},{"surface":"alldeles","lemma":"alldeles","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sig","gloss":"quite"},{"surface":"utom","lemma":"utom","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sig","gloss":"beside themselves"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"oblique complement of voro","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of hade","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hade","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfi","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on voro","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of friare","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"sådan","lemma":"sån","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies friare","gloss":"such","note":"sån is a colloquial/older form of sådan, glossed to the modern sense."},{"surface":"friare","lemma":"fri","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"suitor","note":"here 'friare' is the noun (a suitor), not the comparative of fri (free) — a false-friend trap in this context."},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gåskarlen","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of gåskarlen","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"vita","lemma":"vit","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies gåskarlen","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"gåskarlen","lemma":"gåskarl","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of hade","gloss":"gander","note":"morphology tag says plural but the surfaces are the singular definite/indefinite forms of gåskarl."}]},{"number":141,"label":"","id":"ch36-p35-s3","source":"De hade friare själva, men det var bara vanliga grågäss, och sedan de hade sett Mårten gåskarl, tyckte de, att dessa voro så fula och tarvliga, att de inte ville se åt dem.","translation":"They had suitors of their own, but they were only ordinary gray geese, and now that they had seen Mårten Gander, they found their own so ugly and shabby that they no longer wanted to look at them.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"friare","lemma":"fri","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"modifies själva","gloss":"suitor","note":"here 'friare' is the noun (a suitor), not the comparative of fri (free) — a false-friend trap in this context."},{"surface":"själva","lemma":"själv","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies hade","gloss":"own"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of grågäss","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to vanliga","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"bara","lemma":"bara","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vanliga","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"vanliga","lemma":"vanlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies grågäss","gloss":"ordinary"},{"surface":"grågäss","lemma":"grågäss","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"coordinated with hade","gloss":"gray geese"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sedan","lemma":"sedan","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"modifies sett","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of sett","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of sett","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"sett","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on tyckte","gloss":"seen"},{"surface":"Mårten","lemma":"Mårten","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of sett","gloss":"Morten","note":"the studio translation renders this name as 'Morten'."},{"surface":"gåskarl","lemma":"gåskarl","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Mårten","gloss":"gander"},{"surface":"tyckte","lemma":"tycka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to hade","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of tyckte","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fula","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"dessa","lemma":"denna","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of voro","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of fula","gloss":"were","note":"Archaic plural past tense of vara (they were), not a noun."},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fula","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"fula","lemma":"ful","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"complement of tyckte","gloss":"ugly"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tarvliga","lemma":"tarvlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with fula","gloss":"shabby"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of se","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies se","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ville","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of se","gloss":"wanted to"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of tyckte","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"åt","lemma":"åt","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on se","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of se","gloss":"them"}]},{"number":142,"label":"","id":"ch36-p35-s4","source":"»Detta kommer att gräma mig till döds,» sade Guldöga.","translation":"“This will grieve me to death,” said Guldöga.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of gräma","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"kommer","lemma":"komma","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gräma","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of gräma","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"gräma","lemma":"gräma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"grieve"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of gräma","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking döds","gloss":"to death"},{"surface":"döds","lemma":"döda","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gräma","gloss":"to death"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with gräma","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Guldöga","lemma":"Guldöga","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"direct object of sade","gloss":"Guldöga","note":"Name of a wild goose, Dunfin's sister."}]},{"number":143,"label":"","id":"ch36-p35-s5","source":"»Om det åtminstone hade varit du, syster Vingsköna, som hade fått honom!»","translation":"“If only it had been you, sister Vingsköna, who had gotten him!”","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of Vingsköna","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of Vingsköna","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"åtminstone","lemma":"åtminstone","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Vingsköna","gloss":"at least"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of Vingsköna","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"varit","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, supine","role":"copula linking to Vingsköna","gloss":"been"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Vingsköna","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"syster","lemma":"syster","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with du","gloss":"sister"},{"surface":"Vingsköna","lemma":"Vingsköna","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Vingsköna"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of fått","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of fått","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"fått","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"depends on Vingsköna","gloss":"gotten"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of fått","gloss":"him"}]},{"number":144,"label":"","id":"ch36-p35-s6","source":"— »Jag ville hellre, att han vore död, än att jag ska behöva gå här hela sommaren och tänka på att Dunfin har fått en vit gåskarl,» sade Vingsköna.","translation":"“—I would rather he were dead than that I should have to go about all summer thinking that Dunfin has gotten herself a white gander,” said Vingsköna.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ville","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"ville","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"wanted"},{"surface":"hellre","lemma":"hellre","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ville","gloss":"rather"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of död","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of död","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"vore","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, subjunctive, active","role":"copula linking to död","gloss":"would be"},{"surface":"död","lemma":"död","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clausal complement of ville","gloss":"dead","note":"Examples mix the noun (döden) with adjectival uses (död gås); flag if the occurrence is adjectival."},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gå","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gå","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gå","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"ska","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gå","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"behöva","lemma":"behöva","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of gå","gloss":"to need to"},{"surface":"gå","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on död","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gå","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"hela","lemma":"hel","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies sommaren","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"sommaren","lemma":"sommar","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of gå","gloss":"summer"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tänka","lemma":"tänka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with gå","gloss":"to think"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tänka","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fått","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fått","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of fått","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"fått","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"clausal complement of tänka","gloss":"gotten"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of gåskarl","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"vit","lemma":"vit","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies gåskarl","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"gåskarl","lemma":"gåskarl","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of fått","gloss":"gander"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"saa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with fått","gloss":"said","note":"lemma should be säga 'to say'; sade/sa are its past-tense forms."},{"surface":"Vingsköna","lemma":"Vingsköna","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"Vingsköna"}]},{"number":145,"label":"36","id":"ch36-p36-s1","source":"Systrarna fortforo dock att visa sig mycket vänliga mot Dunfin, och på eftermiddagen tog Guldöga Dunfin med sig, för att hon skulle få se den, som Guldöga tänkte gifta sig med.","translation":"The sisters, however, went on being very friendly toward Dunfin, and in the afternoon Guldöga took Dunfin along so that she might see the one Guldöga meant to marry.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Systrarna","lemma":"Systrarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of visa","gloss":"the sisters"},{"surface":"fortforo","lemma":"fortforo","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies visa","gloss":"continued","note":"Fortforo is the historical plural past form of fortfara."},{"surface":"dock","lemma":"dock","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies visa","gloss":"yet/still"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of visa","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"visa","lemma":"visa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to show"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of visa","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"mycket","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vänliga","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"vänliga","lemma":"vänlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"complement of visa","gloss":"friendly"},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dunfin","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of visa","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking eftermiddagen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"eftermiddagen","lemma":"eftermiddag","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of tog","gloss":"afternoon"},{"surface":"tog","lemma":"ta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with visa","gloss":"took"},{"surface":"Guldöga","lemma":"Guldöga","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"quantifies tog","gloss":"Guldöga","note":"Name of a wild goose, Dunfin's sister."},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tog","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sig","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"oblique complement of tog","gloss":"herself"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of se","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of se","gloss":"might"},{"surface":"få","lemma":"få","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of se","gloss":"get to"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on tog","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of se","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of tänkte","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"Guldöga","lemma":"Guldöga","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of tänkte","gloss":"Guldöga","note":"Name of a wild goose, Dunfin's sister."},{"surface":"tänkte","lemma":"tänka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"gifta","lemma":"gift","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of tänkte","gloss":"marry"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of gifta","gloss":"herself"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gifta","gloss":"with"}]},{"number":146,"label":"","id":"ch36-p36-s2","source":"»Han är inte så grann som den du ska ha,» sade Guldöga.","translation":"“He isn't as fine as the one you're to have,” said Guldöga.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of grann","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to grann","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies grann","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies grann","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"grann","lemma":"grann","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"splendid"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ha","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of ha","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ha","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"ska","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ha","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on grann","gloss":"to have"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to grann","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Guldöga","lemma":"Guldöga","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"Guldöga","note":"Name of a wild goose, Dunfin's sister."}]},{"number":147,"label":"","id":"ch36-p36-s3","source":"»Men till gengäld kan man då vara säker på att han är den han är.»","translation":"“But in return, one can at least be certain that he is what he seems.”","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies säker","gloss":"in return"},{"surface":"gengäld","lemma":"gengäld","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase till","gloss":"return","note":"used in the phrase 'till gengäld', 'in return'."},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of säker","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of säker","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies säker","gloss":"at least"},{"surface":"vara","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to säker","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"säker","lemma":"säker","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"certain"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of den","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of den","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of den","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to den","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial clause on säker","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of är","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":148,"label":"","id":"ch36-p36-s4","source":"— »Vad menar du, Guldöga?» sade Dunfin.","translation":"“—What do you mean, Guldöga?” said Dunfin.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vad","lemma":"vad","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of menar","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"menar","lemma":"mena","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"mean"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of menar","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"Guldöga","lemma":"Guldöga","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of menar","gloss":"Guldöga","note":"Name of a wild goose, Dunfin's sister."},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"Dunfin"}]},{"number":149,"label":"","id":"ch36-p36-s5","source":"Guldöga ville först inte förklara vad hon hade menat, men så kom det då fram, att hon och Vingsköna hade undrat om det stod riktigt till med den vite.","translation":"Guldöga at first refused to explain what she had meant, but then it came out that she and Vingsköna had wondered whether everything was quite right with the white one.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Guldöga","lemma":"Guldöga","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of förklara","gloss":"Guldöga","note":"Name of a wild goose, Dunfin's sister."},{"surface":"ville","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of förklara","gloss":"wanted to"},{"surface":"först","lemma":"först","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies förklara","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies förklara","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"förklara","lemma":"förklara","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"explain"},{"surface":"vad","lemma":"vad","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of menat","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of menat","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of menat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"menat","lemma":"mena","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"clausal complement of förklara","gloss":"meant"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with förklara","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of undrat","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of undrat","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Vingsköna","lemma":"Vingsköna","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with hon","gloss":"Vingsköna"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of undrat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"undrat","lemma":"undra","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on kom","gloss":"wondered"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of stod","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with stod","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"stod","lemma":"stå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of undrat","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"riktigt","lemma":"riktig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stod","gloss":"truly"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of vite","gloss":"right"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vite","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of vite","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"vite","lemma":"vite","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"oblique complement of stod","gloss":"white one","note":"Definite adjective used as a noun, 'the white one', referring to the gander."}]},{"number":150,"label":"","id":"ch36-p36-s6","source":"»Vi har aldrig sett en vit gås följa med vildgässen,» sade systern, »och vi undrar om han kan vara förtrollad.»","translation":"“We've never seen a white goose travel with the wild geese,” said her sister, “and we wonder whether he might be under some spell.”","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of sett","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of sett","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"aldrig","lemma":"aldrig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sett","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"sett","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"depends on vit","gloss":"seen"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of vit","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"vit","lemma":"vit","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies gås","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"gås","lemma":"gås","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies följa","gloss":"goose"},{"surface":"följa","lemma":"följa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to follow"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vildgässen","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of följa","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with följa","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"systern","lemma":"syster","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"sister"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of undrar","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"undrar","lemma":"undra","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with sade","gloss":"wonders"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of förtrollad","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of förtrollad","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of förtrollad","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"vara","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to förtrollad","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"förtrollad","lemma":"förtrollad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clausal complement of undrar","gloss":"enchanted"}]},{"number":151,"label":"","id":"ch36-p36-s7","source":"— »Ni är bra dumma!","translation":"“—You're being very silly!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ni","lemma":"ni","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of dumma","gloss":"you","note":"second-person plural/formal pronoun, tagged singular by the parser."},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to dumma","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"bra","lemma":"bra","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dumma","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"dumma","lemma":"dumma","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"silly"}]},{"number":152,"label":"","id":"ch36-p36-s8","source":"Han är ju en tamgås,» sade Dunfin harmset.","translation":"He's simply a tame goose,” said Dunfin, offended.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tamgås","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to tamgås","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ju","lemma":"ju","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tamgås","gloss":"simply"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of tamgås","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"tamgås","lemma":"tamgås","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"tame goose"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to tamgås","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies harmset","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"harmset","lemma":"harms","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"offended"}]},{"number":153,"label":"","id":"ch36-p36-s9","source":"— »Han för med sig en, som är förtrollad,» sade Guldöga, »och då kan han nog vara förtrollad själv.","translation":"“—He travels with one who is under a spell,” said Guldöga, “so he himself may well be under one too.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of »","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sig","gloss":"travels"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sig","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"modifies Han","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"numeral, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Han","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of förtrollad","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to förtrollad","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"förtrollad","lemma":"förtrollad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"relative clause on Han","gloss":"enchanted"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with förtrollad","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Guldöga","lemma":"Guldöga","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"direct object of sade","gloss":"Guldöga","note":"Name of a wild goose, Dunfin's sister."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies förtrollad","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of förtrollad","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of förtrollad","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"nog","lemma":"nog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies förtrollad","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"vara","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to förtrollad","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"förtrollad","lemma":"förtrolla","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with sade","gloss":"bewitched"},{"surface":"själv","lemma":"själv","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"depends on förtrollad","gloss":"himself"}]},{"number":154,"label":"","id":"ch36-p36-s10","source":"Är du inte rädd, att han kan vara en svart skarv?»","translation":"Aren't you afraid he might be a black cormorant?”","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to rädd","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of rädd","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies rädd","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"rädd","lemma":"rädd","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"afraid"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of skarv","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of skarv","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of skarv","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"vara","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to skarv","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of skarv","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"svart","lemma":"svart","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies skarv","gloss":"black"},{"surface":"skarv","lemma":"skarv","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial clause on rädd","gloss":"cormorant"}]},{"number":155,"label":"37","id":"ch36-p37-s1","source":"Hon lade sina ord mycket väl och skrämde upp den stackars Dunfin.","translation":"She chose her words very carefully and thoroughly frightened poor Dunfin.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lade","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"lade","lemma":"la","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"chose","note":"\"lade han märke till\" is the fixed idiom lägga märke till (\"to notice\"), not literal \"laid\"."},{"surface":"sina","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"possessor of ord","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"ord","lemma":"ord","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of lade","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"mycket","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies väl","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"väl","lemma":"väl","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lade","gloss":"carefully"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"skrämde","lemma":"skrämde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with lade","gloss":"frightened"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on skrämde","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of stackars","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"stackars","lemma":"stackars","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, passive","role":"parallel clause to lade","gloss":"poor","note":"Backbone mistags this as a verb; stackars is the indeclinable adjective 'poor/wretched'."},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of passive stackars","gloss":"Dunfin"}]},{"number":156,"label":"","id":"ch36-p37-s2","source":"»Du menar inte vad du säger,» sade den lilla grågåsen.","translation":"“You don't mean what you're saying,” said the little gray goose.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of menar","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"menar","lemma":"mena","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"mean"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies menar","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"vad","lemma":"vad","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of säger","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of säger","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"säger","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of menar","gloss":"says"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with menar","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of grågåsen","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"lilla","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies grågåsen","gloss":"little"},{"surface":"grågåsen","lemma":"grågåse","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"greylag goose"}]},{"number":157,"label":"","id":"ch36-p37-s3","source":"»Du vill bara skrämma mig.»","translation":"“You just want to frighten me.”","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of skrämma","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"vill","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of skrämma","gloss":"want to"},{"surface":"bara","lemma":"bara","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies skrämma","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"skrämma","lemma":"skrämma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to frighten"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of skrämma","gloss":"me"}]},{"number":158,"label":"","id":"ch36-p37-s4","source":"— »Jag vill ditt bästa, Dunfin,» sade Guldöga.","translation":"“—I mean the best for you, Dunfin,” said Guldöga.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vill","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"vill","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"depends on —","gloss":"wants"},{"surface":"ditt","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of bästa","gloss":"your","note":"surface ditt is the neuter possessive 'your', not the pronoun 'you'."},{"surface":"bästa","lemma":"bra","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"direct object of vill","gloss":"best"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with vill","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with vill","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Guldöga","lemma":"Guldöga","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"Guldöga","note":"Name of a wild goose, Dunfin's sister."}]},{"number":159,"label":"","id":"ch36-p37-s5","source":"»Jag kan inte tänka mig något värre än att se dig flyga bort med en svart skarv.","translation":"“I can't think of anything worse than seeing you fly off with a black cormorant.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tänka","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tänka","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies tänka","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"tänka","lemma":"tänka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to think"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of tänka","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"något","lemma":"någon","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies värre","gloss":"anything"},{"surface":"värre","lemma":"ond","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"complement of tänka","gloss":"worse"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on tänka","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of se","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"flyga","lemma":"flyga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of se","gloss":"fly"},{"surface":"bort","lemma":"bort","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies flyga","gloss":"away"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skarv","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of skarv","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"svart","lemma":"svart","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies skarv","gloss":"black"},{"surface":"skarv","lemma":"skarv","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of flyga","gloss":"cormorant"}]},{"number":160,"label":"","id":"ch36-p37-s6","source":"Men nu ska jag säga dig något.","translation":"But now I'll tell you something.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies säga","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"ska","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of säga","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of säga","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"säga","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to say"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of säga","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"något","lemma":"någon","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of säga","gloss":"something"}]},{"number":161,"label":"","id":"ch36-p37-s7","source":"Försök att förmå honom att äta ett par av rötterna, som jag har plockat ihop här!","translation":"Try to get him to eat a couple of the roots I've gathered here!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Försök","lemma":"försök","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"try"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of förmå","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"förmå","lemma":"förmå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clause modifying Försök","gloss":"get"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of förmå","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of äta","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"äta","lemma":"äta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on förmå","gloss":"eat"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of par","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"par","lemma":"par","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of äta","gloss":"couple"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rötterna","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"rötterna","lemma":"rötterna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies par","gloss":"the roots"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of plockat","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of plockat","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of plockat","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"plockat","lemma":"plocka","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"relative clause on Försök","gloss":"gathered"},{"surface":"ihop","lemma":"ihop","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on plockat","gloss":"together"},{"surface":"här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies plockat","gloss":"here"}]},{"number":162,"label":"","id":"ch36-p37-s8","source":"Är han förtrollad, så måste det då genast visa sig.","translation":"If he's under a spell, it will show itself at once.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to förtrollad","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of förtrollad","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"förtrollad","lemma":"förtrolla","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"depends on visa","gloss":"bewitched"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial clause on visa","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"måste","lemma":"måste","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of visa","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of visa","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies visa","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"genast","lemma":"genast","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies visa","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"visa","lemma":"visa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to show"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of visa","gloss":"itself"}]},{"number":163,"label":"","id":"ch36-p37-s9","source":"Är han det inte, kommer han att förbli sig lik.»","translation":"If he isn't, he'll stay just as he is.”","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on förbli","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Är","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"clausal complement of Är","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies förbli","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"kommer","lemma":"komma","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of förbli","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of förbli","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of förbli","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"förbli","lemma":"förbli","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"remain"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of förbli","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"lik","lemma":"lik","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of förbli","gloss":"as he is"}]},{"number":164,"label":"38","id":"ch36-p38-s1","source":"Pojken satt mittibland gässen och hörde på hur Akka och den gamla gåsbonden språkades vid, då Dunfin kom flygande.","translation":"The boy sat among the geese, listening to Akka and the old gander-farmer talking together, when Dunfin came flying up.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pojken","lemma":"pojken","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of satt","gloss":"the boy"},{"surface":"satt","lemma":"sitta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sat"},{"surface":"mittibland","lemma":"mittibland","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies satt","gloss":"right among","note":"Functions as the preposition 'mittibland' (right in the midst of), mistagged as a noun."},{"surface":"gässen","lemma":"gässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of satt","gloss":"geese","note":"gässen is the plural definite of gås 'goose'; lemma is a normalized plural stem."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hörde","lemma":"höra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with satt","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies hörde","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"hur","lemma":"hur","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Akka","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of hörde","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of gåsbonden","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gamla","lemma":"gammal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies gåsbonden","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"gåsbonden","lemma":"gåsbond","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of passive språkades","gloss":"gander-farmer"},{"surface":"språkades","lemma":"språkades","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, passive","role":"coordinated with Akka","gloss":"were talking"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking språkades","gloss":"together"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with satt","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"flygande","lemma":"flyga","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"direct object of kom","gloss":"flying"}]},{"number":165,"label":"","id":"ch36-p38-s2","source":"»Tummetott!","translation":"“Thumbietot!","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Tummetott","title":"«Tummetott» — Nils's fairy name","body":"Once the elf's curse shrinks Nils to thumb-size, the animals call him «Tummetott», roughly 'Thumbling' or 'Tom Thumb' — a folk-tale name (compare «Tummeliten») rather than his given name, which the birds never use."}],"words":[{"surface":"Tummetott","lemma":"tummetott","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Thumbietot","note":"the boy's nickname once shrunk; kept as the studio translation's name."}]},{"number":166,"label":"","id":"ch36-p38-s3","source":"Tummetott!» ropade hon.","translation":"Thumbietot!” she cried.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tummetott","lemma":"Tummetott","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Thumbietot","note":"the boy's nickname after being shrunk; kept as the studio translation's rendering."},{"surface":"ropade","lemma":"ropa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"called out"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ropade","gloss":"she"}]},{"number":167,"label":"","id":"ch36-p38-s4","source":"»Mårten gåskarl håller på att dö!","translation":"“Mårten Gander is dying!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Mårten","lemma":"Mårten","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of håller","gloss":"Morten"},{"surface":"gåskarl","lemma":"gåskarl","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of håller","gloss":"gander","note":"morphology tag says plural but the surfaces are the singular definite/indefinite forms of gåskarl."},{"surface":"håller","lemma":"hålla","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"keeps"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on håller","gloss":"in progress"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of dö","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"dö","lemma":"dö","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on håller","gloss":"to die"}]},{"number":168,"label":"","id":"ch36-p38-s5","source":"Jag har dödat honom!»","translation":"I've killed him!”","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of dödat","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of dödat","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"dödat","lemma":"döda","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"killed"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of dödat","gloss":"him"}]},{"number":169,"label":"","id":"ch36-p38-s6","source":"— »Låt mig sitta opp på din rygg, Dunfin, och för mig till honom!» ropade pojken.","translation":"“—Let me climb up on your back, Dunfin, and take me to him!” cried the boy.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Låt","lemma":"låta","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"let"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of Låt","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"sitta","lemma":"sitta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of Låt","gloss":"to sit"},{"surface":"opp","lemma":"opp","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on sitta","gloss":"up","note":"Mistagged as a noun; opp is the colloquial spelling of upp, \"up\"."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rygg","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"din","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of rygg","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"rygg","lemma":"rygg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sitta","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with rygg","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mig","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with sitta","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking honom","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sitta","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"ropade","lemma":"ropa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"called out"},{"surface":"pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ropade","gloss":"boy"}]},{"number":170,"label":"","id":"ch36-p38-s7","source":"De foro, och Akka och vildgässen följde också med.","translation":"They set off, and Akka and the wild geese went along too.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of foro","gloss":"they","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"foro","lemma":"foro","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of följde","gloss":"traveled","note":"Archaic plural past tense of fara (\"to go/travel\"), not a noun; the parser mistagged it."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with foro","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Akka","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"följde","lemma":"följde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"followed"},{"surface":"också","lemma":"också","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies följde","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on följde","gloss":"with"}]},{"number":171,"label":"","id":"ch36-p38-s8","source":"När de kommo fram till gåskarlen, låg han på marken.","translation":"When they reached the gander, he lay on the ground.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"När","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kommo","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of kommo","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"kommo","lemma":"kommo","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on låg","gloss":"came","note":"kommo is the archaic plural past tense of komma 'to come', not an infinitive despite the tag."},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kommo","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gåskarlen","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"gåskarlen","lemma":"gåskarl","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of fram","gloss":"gander"},{"surface":"låg","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"lay","note":"mistagged as adjective; the surface 'låg' here is the past tense of ligga 'to lie', not the unrelated adjective låg 'low'."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of låg","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking marken","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"marken","lemma":"mark","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of låg","gloss":"ground"}]},{"number":172,"label":"","id":"ch36-p38-s9","source":"Han kunde ingenting säga, han bara kippade efter andan.","translation":"He could say nothing; he only gasped for breath.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of säga","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of säga","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"ingenting","lemma":"ingenting","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of säga","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"säga","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to say"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kippade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"bara","lemma":"bara","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kippade","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"kippade","lemma":"kippa","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with säga","gloss":"gasped"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking andan","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"andan","lemma":"anda","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kippade","gloss":"breath"}]},{"number":173,"label":"","id":"ch36-p38-s10","source":"»Kittla honom under strupen, och dunka honom i ryggen!» sade Akka.","translation":"“Tickle him under the throat, and thump him on the back!” said Akka.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Kittla","lemma":"kittla","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"tickle"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of Kittla","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"under","lemma":"under","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking strupen","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"strupen","lemma":"strup","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of Kittla","gloss":"throat"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"dunka","lemma":"dunka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with Kittla","gloss":"thump"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of dunka","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ryggen","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"ryggen","lemma":"rygg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of dunka","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"direct object of sade","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."}]},{"number":174,"label":"","id":"ch36-p38-s11","source":"Det gjorde pojken, och genast hostade den store vite upp en stor rot, som hade fastnat i hans strupe.","translation":"The boy did so, and at once the big white one coughed up a large root that had gotten stuck in his throat.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"hostade upp","title":"Particle verb: «hosta upp»","body":"«Hosta» ('to cough') plus the particle «upp» ('up') gives 'to cough up' — Swedish builds many verbs this way, and the particle, not the base verb, carries the crucial meaning (expelling something), much like English phrasal verbs."}],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of gjorde","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"gjorde","lemma":"göra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjorde","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"genast","lemma":"genast","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hostade","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"hostade","lemma":"hosta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with gjorde","gloss":"coughed up"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hostade","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"store","lemma":"store","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies vite","gloss":"big","note":"Weak-declension form of 'stor'."},{"surface":"vite","lemma":"vite","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"complement of hostade","gloss":"white one"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on vite","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of rot","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies rot","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"rot","lemma":"rot","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of hostade","gloss":"root"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of fastnat","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of fastnat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"fastnat","lemma":"fastna","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on hostade","gloss":"gotten stuck"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking strupe","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of strupe","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"strupe","lemma":"strupe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of fastnat","gloss":"throat"}]},{"number":175,"label":"","id":"ch36-p38-s12","source":"»Är det de här, som du har ätit av?» sade Akka och visade på några rötter, som lågo på jorden.","translation":"“Is it these you've been eating?” said Akka, pointing to some roots lying on the ground.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to här","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with här","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of här","gloss":"these","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase »","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of ätit","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ätit","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ätit","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"ätit","lemma":"äta","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"depends on här","gloss":"eaten"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on ätit","gloss":"some of"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"direct object of sade","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"visade","lemma":"visa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with sade","gloss":"showed"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rötter","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"några","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of rötter","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"rötter","lemma":"rött","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of visade","gloss":"roots"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of lågo","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"lågo","lemma":"lågo","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"clause modifying rötter","gloss":"lay","note":"mistagged as a noun; this is the archaic plural past tense of ligga 'to lie' (they lay)."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking jorden","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"jorden","lemma":"jord","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of lågo","gloss":"earth"}]},{"number":176,"label":"","id":"ch36-p38-s13","source":"— »Ja,» sade gåskarlen.","translation":"“—Yes,” said the gander.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ja","lemma":"ja","morphology":"interjection","role":"depends on sade","gloss":"yes"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"gåskarlen","lemma":"gåskarl","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"gander","note":"morphology tag says plural but the surfaces are the singular definite/indefinite forms of gåskarl."}]},{"number":177,"label":"","id":"ch36-p38-s14","source":"— »Då var det väl, att de fastnade i strupen på dig,» sade Akka.","translation":"“—Then it was a good thing they stuck in your throat,” said Akka.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"väl","lemma":"väl","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fastnade","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of fastnade","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"fastnade","lemma":"fastna","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"clausal complement of var","gloss":"got stuck"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking strupen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"strupen","lemma":"strup","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of fastnade","gloss":"throat"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dig","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of fastnade","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to var","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"direct object of sade","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."}]},{"number":178,"label":"","id":"ch36-p38-s15","source":"»De är giftiga.","translation":"“They're poisonous.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of giftiga","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to giftiga","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"giftiga","lemma":"giftig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"poisonous"}]},{"number":179,"label":"","id":"ch36-p38-s16","source":"Om du hade sväljt ner dem, hade du säkert dött.»","translation":"If you had swallowed them down, you would certainly have died.”","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sväljt","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sväljt","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of sväljt","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"sväljt","lemma":"svälj","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on dött","gloss":"swallowed"},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on sväljt","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of sväljt","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of dött","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of dött","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"säkert","lemma":"säker","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dött","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"dött","lemma":"döt","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"died","note":"Supine of 'dö' (to die); lemma is a spelling artifact for 'dött'."}]},{"number":180,"label":"","id":"ch36-p38-s17","source":"— »Det var Dunfin, som bad mig, att jag skulle äta av dem,» sade gåskarlen.","translation":"“—It was Dunfin who asked me to eat some of them,” said the gander.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with Dunfin","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Dunfin","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of bad","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"bad","lemma":"be","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"depends on Dunfin","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of bad","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of äta","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of äta","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of äta","gloss":"should"},{"surface":"äta","lemma":"äta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on Dunfin","gloss":"eat"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"some of"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"oblique complement of äta","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to Dunfin","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"gåskarlen","lemma":"gåskarl","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"gander","note":"morphology tag says plural but the surfaces are the singular definite/indefinite forms of gåskarl."}]},{"number":181,"label":"","id":"ch36-p38-s18","source":"— »Jag hade fått dem av min syster,» sade Dunfin och berättade alltihop.","translation":"“—I'd gotten them from my sister,” said Dunfin, and told the whole story.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fått","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of fått","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"fått","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"gotten"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of fått","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking syster","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"min","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of syster","gloss":"my","note":"possessive form min of the pronoun jag."},{"surface":"syster","lemma":"syster","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of fått","gloss":"sister"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with fått","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"direct object of sade","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"berättade","lemma":"berätta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with sade","gloss":"told"},{"surface":"alltihop","lemma":"alltihop","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of berättade","gloss":"the whole story"}]},{"number":182,"label":"","id":"ch36-p38-s19","source":"— »Du ska ta dig i akt för systrarna dina, Dunfin,» sade Akka, »för de vill säkert inte ditt bästa.»","translation":"“—You must be on your guard against your sisters, Dunfin,” said Akka, “for they surely don't wish you well.”","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ta","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"ska","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ta","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"ta","lemma":"ta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to take"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of ta","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies ta","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"akt","lemma":"akt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase i","gloss":"heed","note":"Used in the fixed phrase ge/ta akt på, 'to pay heed to / be careful of'."},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking systrarna","gloss":"against"},{"surface":"systrarna","lemma":"systrarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of ta","gloss":"the sisters"},{"surface":"dina","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"depends on systrarna","gloss":"your","note":"This entry is really the possessive \"dina\" (plural agreement), mistagged under the lemma du."},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"modifies systrarna","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with ta","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"direct object of sade","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking de","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of bästa","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"vill","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of bästa","gloss":"want to"},{"surface":"säkert","lemma":"säker","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bästa","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies säkert","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ditt","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of bästa","gloss":"your","note":"surface ditt is the neuter possessive 'your', not the pronoun 'you'."},{"surface":"bästa","lemma":"bra","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"best"}]},{"number":183,"label":"39","id":"ch36-p39-s1","source":"Men Dunfin hade ett sådant sinnelag, att hon inte kunde tro någon om ont, och när Vingsköna en stund efteråt kom och ville visa henne sin friare, följde hon genast med.","translation":"But Dunfin had such a nature that she could not think ill of anyone, and when Vingsköna came a while later wanting to show her her own suitor, Dunfin went along at once.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on följde","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of sinnelag","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"sådant","lemma":"sån","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies sinnelag","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"sinnelag","lemma":"sinnelag","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"nature"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tro","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tro","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies tro","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tro","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"tro","lemma":"tro","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clause modifying sinnelag","gloss":"believe"},{"surface":"någon","lemma":"någon","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tro","gloss":"anyone"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ont","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"ont","lemma":"ont","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies någon","gloss":"ill","note":"Both examples ('göra oss något ont' = 'do us harm', 'inte hade förmått göra mycket ont' = 'not been able to do much harm') attest the sense 'harm', not 'pain', which was the pinned default gloss."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"preposition marking stund","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"Vingsköna","lemma":"vingsköna","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"part of the phrase när","gloss":"Vingsköna"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of stund","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stund","lemma":"stund","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kom","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"efteråt","lemma":"efteråt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"afterward"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of tro","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ville","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of visa","gloss":"wanted to"},{"surface":"visa","lemma":"visa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with kom","gloss":"to show"},{"surface":"henne","lemma":"henne","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of visa","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of friare","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"friare","lemma":"fri","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"modifies visa","gloss":"suitor","note":"here 'friare' is the noun (a suitor), not the comparative of fri (free) — a false-friend trap in this context."},{"surface":"följde","lemma":"följa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"followed"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of följde","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"genast","lemma":"genast","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies följde","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on följde","gloss":"with"}]},{"number":184,"label":"","id":"ch36-p39-s2","source":"»Ja, han är inte så grann som den du får,» sade systern, »men han är så mycket mera tapper och oförvägen.»","translation":"“Yes, he isn't as fine as the one you're getting,” said her sister, “but he's ever so much braver and bolder.”","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ja","lemma":"ja","morphology":"interjection","role":"depends on grann","gloss":"yes"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of grann","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to grann","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies grann","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies grann","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"grann","lemma":"grann","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"splendid"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of får","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of du","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of får","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"får","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on grann","gloss":"getting"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to grann","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"systern","lemma":"syster","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"sister"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tapper","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to tapper","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tapper","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"mycket","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies mera","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"mera","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tapper","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"tapper","lemma":"tapp","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with systern","gloss":"brave","note":"Mistagged as a plural noun; the surface 'tapper' is the adjective tapper (brave)."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"oförvägen","lemma":"oförväg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with tapper","gloss":"bold"}]},{"number":185,"label":"","id":"ch36-p39-s3","source":"— »Hur kan du veta det?» sade Dunfin.","translation":"“—How can you know that?” said Dunfin.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hur","lemma":"hur","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies veta","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of veta","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of veta","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"veta","lemma":"veta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to know"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of veta","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"Dunfin"}]},{"number":186,"label":"","id":"ch36-p39-s4","source":"— »Jo, det har varit stor jämmer bland måsar och änder här på skäret en tid, för var morgon i dagbräckningen kommer en främmande rovfågel och tar bort en av dem.»","translation":"“—Well, there's been great misery among the gulls and ducks here on the skerry lately, for every morning at daybreak a strange bird of prey comes and carries one of them off.”","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jo","lemma":"jo","morphology":"interjection","role":"depends on jämmer","gloss":"well/yes","note":"used to affirm or answer a question, often contradicting an implied doubt."},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of jämmer","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of jämmer","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"varit","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, supine","role":"copula linking to jämmer","gloss":"been"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies jämmer","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"jämmer","lemma":"jämmer","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lamentation","note":"Mistagged as a verb by the parser; it is the noun 'jämmer' (lament, wailing)."},{"surface":"bland","lemma":"bland","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking måsar","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"måsar","lemma":"mås","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of jämmer","gloss":"gulls"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"änder","lemma":"änd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with måsar","gloss":"ducks"},{"surface":"här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies jämmer","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skäret","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"skäret","lemma":"skäer","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of jämmer","gloss":"skerry"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of tid","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"tid","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of jämmer","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of morgon","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of morgon","gloss":"was","note":"mistagged as a determiner; the surface 'var' here is the past tense of vara 'to be'."},{"surface":"morgon","lemma":"morgon","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial clause on jämmer","gloss":"morning"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dagbräckningen","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"dagbräckningen","lemma":"dagbräckning","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of morgon","gloss":"daybreak"},{"surface":"kommer","lemma":"komma","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on jämmer","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of rovfågel","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"främmande","lemma":"främmande","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies rovfågel","gloss":"strange"},{"surface":"rovfågel","lemma":"rovfågel","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kommer","gloss":"bird of prey"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tar","lemma":"ta","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with kommer","gloss":"takes"},{"surface":"bort","lemma":"bort","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on tar","gloss":"away"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tar","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"oblique complement of tar","gloss":"them"}]},{"number":187,"label":"","id":"ch36-p39-s5","source":"— »Vad är det för en fågel?» sade Dunfin.","translation":"“—What kind of bird is it?” said Dunfin.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vad","lemma":"vad","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Vad","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with Vad","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fågel","gloss":"kind of"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of fågel","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"fågel","lemma":"fågel","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of Vad","gloss":"bird"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"Dunfin"}]},{"number":188,"label":"","id":"ch36-p39-s6","source":"— »Det vet vi inte,» svarade systern.","translation":"“—We don't know,” answered her sister.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of vet","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"vet","lemma":"veta","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"knows"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of vet","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies vet","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"svarade","lemma":"svara","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to vet","gloss":"answered"},{"surface":"systern","lemma":"syster","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of svarade","gloss":"sister"}]},{"number":189,"label":"","id":"ch36-p39-s7","source":"»En sådan som han har aldrig förr varit sedd här på skäret, och det märkvärdiga är, att han aldrig anfaller någon av oss gäss.","translation":"“One like him has never before been seen here on the skerry, and the strange thing is that he never attacks any of us geese.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"En","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of sådan","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"sådan","lemma":"sån","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sedd","gloss":"such","note":"sån is a colloquial/older form of sådan, glossed to the modern sense."},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"like","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of har","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of sedd","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"aldrig","lemma":"aldrig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sedd","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"förr","lemma":"förr","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sedd","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"varit","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, supine","role":"copula linking to sedd","gloss":"been"},{"surface":"sedd","lemma":"sedd","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"seen"},{"surface":"här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sedd","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skäret","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"skäret","lemma":"skäer","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of här","gloss":"skerry"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of märkvärdiga","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"märkvärdiga","lemma":"märkvärdig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with sedd","gloss":"the strange thing","note":"used substantively as 'det märkvärdiga' (the remarkable/strange thing)."},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to märkvärdiga","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of anfaller","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of anfaller","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"aldrig","lemma":"aldrig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies anfaller","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"anfaller","lemma":"anfalla","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"depends on märkvärdiga","gloss":"attacks"},{"surface":"någon","lemma":"någon","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of anfaller","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking oss","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"oss","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies någon","gloss":"us"},{"surface":"gäss","lemma":"gäss","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"complement of anfaller","gloss":"geese","note":"mistagged as neuter singular; 'gäss' is the plural of 'gås' (goose)."}]},{"number":190,"label":"","id":"ch36-p39-s8","source":"Men nu har min friare satt sig i sinnet att kämpa med honom nästa morgon och driva bort honom.»","translation":"But now my suitor has set his mind on fighting him tomorrow morning and driving him off.”","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies har","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of satt","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"min","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of friare","gloss":"my","note":"possessive form min of the pronoun jag."},{"surface":"friare","lemma":"fri","morphology":"adverb","role":"subject of satt","gloss":"freely"},{"surface":"satt","lemma":"sitta","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sat"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of satt","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sinnet","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"sinnet","lemma":"sinn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of satt","gloss":"mind","note":"Appears in the idiom 'sätta sig i sinnet' (to set one's mind on something)."},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of kämpa","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"kämpa","lemma":"kämpa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on satt","gloss":"fight"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking honom","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kämpa","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"nästa","lemma":"nästa","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies morgon","gloss":"next"},{"surface":"morgon","lemma":"morgon","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kämpa","gloss":"morning"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"driva","lemma":"driva","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with kämpa","gloss":"to drive"},{"surface":"bort","lemma":"bort","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on driva","gloss":"away"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of driva","gloss":"him"}]},{"number":191,"label":"","id":"ch36-p39-s9","source":"— »Måtte det gå väl bara!» sade Dunfin.","translation":"“—I only hope it goes well!” said Dunfin.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Måtte","lemma":"Måtte","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"may","note":"Not a name; the optative modal 'måtte' expressing a wish (may/might)."},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of gå","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"gå","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"väl","lemma":"väl","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gå","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"bara","lemma":"bara","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gå","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"Dunfin"}]},{"number":192,"label":"","id":"ch36-p39-s10","source":"— »Nej, det tror jag knappast att det gör,» sade systern.","translation":"“—No, I hardly think it will,” said her sister.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nej","lemma":"nej","morphology":"interjection","role":"depends on tror","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"depends on tror","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"tror","lemma":"tro","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"thinks"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tror","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"knappast","lemma":"knappast","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tror","gloss":"hardly"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gör","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of gör","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"gör","lemma":"göra","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of tror","gloss":"does"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to tror","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"systern","lemma":"syster","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"sister"}]},{"number":193,"label":"","id":"ch36-p39-s11","source":"»Om min gåskarl vore så stor och stark som din, då kunde jag ha något hopp.»","translation":"“If my gander were as big and strong as yours, then I might have some hope.”","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of stor","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"min","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of gåskarl","gloss":"my","note":"possessive form min of the pronoun jag."},{"surface":"gåskarl","lemma":"gåskarl","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of stor","gloss":"gander"},{"surface":"vore","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, subjunctive, active","role":"copula linking to stor","gloss":"would be"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stor","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"depends on »","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"stark","lemma":"stark","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with stor","gloss":"strong"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of din","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"din","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial clause on stor","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ha","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ha","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ha","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on stor","gloss":"to have"},{"surface":"något","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of hopp","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"hopp","lemma":"hopp","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of ha","gloss":"hope","note":"Two distinct homonyms share the spelling hopp: 'leap' and 'hope.'"}]},{"number":194,"label":"","id":"ch36-p39-s12","source":"— »Vill du, att jag ska be Mårten gåskarl, att han går emot den främmande fågeln?» sade Dunfin.","translation":"“—Would you like me to ask Mårten Gander to go up against the strange bird?” said Dunfin.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vill","lemma":"Vill","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"would you like"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Vill","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of be","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of be","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"ska","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of be","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"be","lemma":"be","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on Vill","gloss":"to ask"},{"surface":"Mårten","lemma":"Mårt","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"indirect object of be","gloss":"Morten","note":"Lemma is the shortened stem 'Mårt'; surface 'Mårten' is the gander's full name."},{"surface":"gåskarl","lemma":"gåskarl","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of be","gloss":"gander"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of går","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of går","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"går","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of be","gloss":"goes"},{"surface":"emot","lemma":"emot","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on går","gloss":"against"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of fågeln","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"främmande","lemma":"främmande","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies fågeln","gloss":"strange"},{"surface":"fågeln","lemma":"fågel","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of går","gloss":"bird"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"Dunfin"}]},{"number":195,"label":"","id":"ch36-p39-s13","source":"— »Ja, det ville jag visst,» sade Vingsköna.","translation":"“—Yes, indeed I would,” said Vingsköna.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ja","lemma":"ja","morphology":"interjection","role":"depends on visst","gloss":"yes"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of visst","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"ville","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of visst","gloss":"wanted to"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of visst","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"visst","lemma":"viss","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"certainly","note":"surface visst here is the adverb 'certainly/surely', not the adjective viss 'certain'."},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"saa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to visst","gloss":"said","note":"lemma should be säga 'to say'; sade/sa are its past-tense forms."},{"surface":"Vingsköna","lemma":"Vingsköna","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"Vingsköna"}]},{"number":196,"label":"","id":"ch36-p39-s14","source":"»Större tjänst kunde du inte visa mig.»","translation":"“You couldn't do me a greater service.”","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Större","lemma":"Stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"modifies tjänst","gloss":"greater"},{"surface":"tjänst","lemma":"tjänst","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of visa","gloss":"service"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of visa","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of visa","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies visa","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"visa","lemma":"visa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to show"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of visa","gloss":"me"}]},{"number":197,"label":"40","id":"ch36-p40-s1","source":"Nästa morgon var gåskarlen vaken före solen, ställde sig överst på skäret och spejade åt alla håll.","translation":"The next morning the gander was awake before the sun, took his stand on the highest point of the skerry, and scanned every direction.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nästa","lemma":"nästa","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies morgon","gloss":"next"},{"surface":"morgon","lemma":"morgon","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gåskarlen","gloss":"morning"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to gåskarlen","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"gåskarlen","lemma":"gåskarl","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"gander"},{"surface":"vaken","lemma":"vak","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of gåskarlen","gloss":"awake","note":"All four examples in this chunk use \"vaken\" as the adjective (awake), not the noun \"vak\" (ice-hole); the primary gloss should be \"awake\" here, though the ice-hole noun sense also occurs elsewhere in the book under this same conflated surface."},{"surface":"före","lemma":"före","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking solen","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"solen","lemma":"sol","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gåskarlen","gloss":"sun"},{"surface":"ställde","lemma":"ställa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"took his stand"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of ställde","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"överst","lemma":"överst","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ställde","gloss":"at the very top"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skäret","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"skäret","lemma":"skär","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of ställde","gloss":"skerry"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"spejade","lemma":"speja","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with ställde","gloss":"scanned"},{"surface":"åt","lemma":"åt","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking håll","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of håll","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"håll","lemma":"håll","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of spejade","gloss":"directions"}]},{"number":198,"label":"","id":"ch36-p40-s2","source":"Snart såg han en stor, mörk fågel komma västerifrån.","translation":"Soon he saw a large, dark bird coming from the west.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Snart","lemma":"snart","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies såg","gloss":"soon"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"såg","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"saw","note":"past tense of se, 'to see.'"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"quantifies stor","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of såg","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"mörk","lemma":"mörk","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies fågel","gloss":"dark"},{"surface":"fågel","lemma":"fågel","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with stor","gloss":"bird"},{"surface":"komma","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"västerifrån","lemma":"västerifrån","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of komma","gloss":"from the west","note":"Actually the adverb 'västerifrån', mistagged as a noun."}]},{"number":199,"label":"","id":"ch36-p40-s3","source":"Vingarna voro ofantligt långa, och det var lätt att begripa, att detta var en örn.","translation":"The wings were immensely long, and it was easy to tell that this was an eagle.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vingarna","lemma":"Vingarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of lätt","gloss":"the wings"},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"depends on Vingarna","gloss":"were","note":"Archaic plural past tense of vara (\"to be\")."},{"surface":"ofantligt","lemma":"ofantlig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies långa","gloss":"immensely"},{"surface":"långa","lemma":"lång","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies Vingarna","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with lätt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to lätt","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"lätt","lemma":"lätt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"easy","note":"ch01-p14 'ett lätt buller' renders as 'a faint noise' in the translation, a distinct sense from weight/air-lightness or ease."},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of begripa","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"begripa","lemma":"begripa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on lätt","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of örn","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of örn","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to örn","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of örn","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"örn","lemma":"örn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clausal complement of begripa","gloss":"eagle"}]},{"number":200,"label":"","id":"ch36-p40-s4","source":"Gåskarlen hade inte väntat farligare motståndare än en uggla och nu förstod han, att han inte skulle komma ifrån detta med livet.","translation":"The gander had not expected a more dangerous opponent than an owl, and now he understood he would not escape this alive.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Gåskarlen","lemma":"Gåskarlen","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of väntat","gloss":"the gander"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of väntat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies väntat","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"väntat","lemma":"vänta","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"expected"},{"surface":"farligare","lemma":"farlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"modifies motståndare","gloss":"more dangerous"},{"surface":"motståndare","lemma":"motståndare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of väntat","gloss":"opponent"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of uggla","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of uggla","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"uggla","lemma":"uggla","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clause modifying motståndare","gloss":"owl"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies förstod","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"förstod","lemma":"förstå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with väntat","gloss":"understood"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of förstod","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of komma","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of komma","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies komma","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of komma","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"komma","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of förstod","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"ifrån","lemma":"ifrån","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on komma","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of komma","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking livet","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"livet","lemma":"liv","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of komma","gloss":"alive"}]},{"number":201,"label":"","id":"ch36-p40-s5","source":"Men det föll honom aldrig in, att han borde undvika strid med en fågel, som var många gånger starkare än han.","translation":"But it never once occurred to him that he ought to avoid a fight with a bird many times stronger than himself.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with föll","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"föll","lemma":"föll","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"fell"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of föll","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"aldrig","lemma":"aldrig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies föll","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on föll","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of undvika","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of undvika","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"borde","lemma":"böra","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of undvika","gloss":"ought to","note":"Bare borde is simple past modal (\"ought to\"/\"should\"); the perfect sense (\"ought to have\") only appears when borde is followed by ha + supine in the sentence, as in three of the four examples — the fourth (\"borde släppa taget\") has no ha and translates as plain \"ought to.\""},{"surface":"undvika","lemma":"undvika","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of föll","gloss":"avoid"},{"surface":"strid","lemma":"strid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of undvika","gloss":"fight"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fågel","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of fågel","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"fågel","lemma":"fågel","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of undvika","gloss":"bird"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of starkare","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"determiner of gånger","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"många","lemma":"många","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies gånger","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"gånger","lemma":"gång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of starkare","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"starkare","lemma":"stark","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"relative clause on fågel","gloss":"stronger"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking han","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of starkare","gloss":"he"}]},{"number":202,"label":"41","id":"ch36-p41-s1","source":"Örnen sköt ner på en mås och högg klorna i honom.","translation":"The eagle swooped down on a gull and dug its talons into it.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Örnen","lemma":"Örnen","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sköt","gloss":"the eagle"},{"surface":"sköt","lemma":"sköt","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"swooped"},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on sköt","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mås","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of mås","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"mås","lemma":"mås","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sköt","gloss":"gull"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"högg","lemma":"högg","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking klorna","gloss":"struck","note":"Mistagged as preposition; it is the past tense of the verb 'hugga' (to strike/seize/dig in)."},{"surface":"klorna","lemma":"klorna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with mås","gloss":"the claws"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking honom","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies klorna","gloss":"him"}]},{"number":203,"label":"","id":"ch36-p41-s2","source":"Innan han hade hunnit lyfta, rusade Mårten gåskarl fram.","translation":"Before it had managed to take off, Mårten Gander rushed forward.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Innan","lemma":"innan","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hunnit","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hunnit","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of hunnit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"hunnit","lemma":"hinna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on rusade","gloss":"had time"},{"surface":"lyfta","lemma":"lyfta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of hunnit","gloss":"to lift"},{"surface":"rusade","lemma":"rusa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"rushed"},{"surface":"Mårten","lemma":"Mårten","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of rusade","gloss":"Morten","note":"the studio translation renders this name as 'Morten'."},{"surface":"gåskarl","lemma":"gåskarl","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"complement of rusade","gloss":"gander","note":"morphology tag says plural but the surfaces are the singular definite/indefinite forms of gåskarl."},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies rusade","gloss":"forward"}]},{"number":204,"label":"","id":"ch36-p41-s3","source":"»Släpp den där!» ropade han.","translation":"“Let go of that one!” he shouted.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Släpp","lemma":"släpp","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"let go"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Släpp","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Släpp","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"ropade","lemma":"ropa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"called out"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ropade","gloss":"he"}]},{"number":205,"label":"","id":"ch36-p41-s4","source":"»Och kom aldrig mer hit tillbaka, eljest får du med mig att göra!»","translation":"“And never come back here again, or you'll have me to reckon with!”","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"aldrig","lemma":"aldrig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"mer","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"hit","lemma":"hit","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"tillbaka","lemma":"tillbaka","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"eljest","lemma":"eljest","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies göra","gloss":"otherwise"},{"surface":"får","lemma":"få","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of göra","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of får","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mig","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of får","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of göra","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"göra","lemma":"göra","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with kom","gloss":"reckon"}]},{"number":206,"label":"","id":"ch36-p41-s5","source":"— »Vad är du för en galning?» sade örnen.","translation":"“—What kind of madman are you?” said the eagle.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vad","lemma":"vad","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Vad","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Vad","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking galning","gloss":"kind of"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of galning","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"galning","lemma":"galning","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of Vad","gloss":"madman"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"örnen","lemma":"örn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"eagle"}]},{"number":207,"label":"","id":"ch36-p41-s6","source":"»Det är en lycka för dig, att jag aldrig brukar kämpa med gäss.","translation":"“It's lucky for you that I never make a habit of fighting geese.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of lycka","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to lycka","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of lycka","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"lycka","lemma":"lycka","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"lucky"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dig","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies lycka","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of brukar","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of brukar","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"aldrig","lemma":"aldrig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies brukar","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"brukar","lemma":"bruka","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"depends on lycka","gloss":"tends to"},{"surface":"kämpa","lemma":"kämpa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of brukar","gloss":"fight"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gäss","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"gäss","lemma":"gäss","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kämpa","gloss":"geese","note":"gäss is the plural of gås ('goose'), despite the singular tag."}]},{"number":208,"label":"","id":"ch36-p41-s7","source":"Annars skulle det snart vara ute med dig.»","translation":"Otherwise it would soon be over for you.”","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Annars","lemma":"annars","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vara","gloss":"otherwise"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of vara","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of vara","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"snart","lemma":"snart","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vara","gloss":"soon"},{"surface":"vara","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"ute","lemma":"ute","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vara","gloss":"outside"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dig","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of vara","gloss":"you"}]},{"number":209,"label":"42","id":"ch36-p42-s1","source":"Mårten gåskarl trodde, att örnen höll sig för god att slåss med honom, och rusade på honom i vredesmod, bet honom i strupen och slog honom med vingarna.","translation":"Mårten Gander thought the eagle considered itself too grand to fight him, and hurled himself at it in a rage, biting it in the throat and beating it with his wings.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Mårten","lemma":"Mårten","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"modifies gåskarl","gloss":"Morten","note":"the studio translation renders this name as 'Morten'."},{"surface":"gåskarl","lemma":"gåskarl","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of trodde","gloss":"gander","note":"morphology tag says plural but the surfaces are the singular definite/indefinite forms of gåskarl."},{"surface":"trodde","lemma":"tro","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"believed"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of höll","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"örnen","lemma":"örn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of höll","gloss":"eagle"},{"surface":"höll","lemma":"hålla","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of trodde","gloss":"considered"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of höll","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies god","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"god","lemma":"god","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies höll","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of slåss","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"slåss","lemma":"slåss","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on höll","gloss":"fight"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking honom","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of slåss","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"rusade","lemma":"rusa","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with höll","gloss":"rushed","note":"Tagged as an adjective but is the past tense of the verb 'rusa', 'rushed'."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking honom","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of rusade","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vredesmod","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"vredesmod","lemma":"vredesmod","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of rusade","gloss":"fury"},{"surface":"bet","lemma":"bet","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with rusade","gloss":"bit","note":"Past tense of 'bita' (to bite), mislabeled as a noun."},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of bet","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking strupen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"strupen","lemma":"strup","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of bet","gloss":"throat"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"slog","lemma":"slå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with rusade","gloss":"beat","note":"Light verb whose sense shifts with its particle (slog upp/ihop/omkull/sig ner)."},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of slog","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vingarna","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"vingarna","lemma":"vingarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of slog","gloss":"the wings","note":"lemma should be vinge 'wing'."}]},{"number":210,"label":"","id":"ch36-p42-s2","source":"Detta kunde örnen naturligtvis inte tåla, utan han började strida, men ändå inte med full styrka.","translation":"This the eagle could not, of course, tolerate, and it began to fight back, though still not with its full strength.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of tåla","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tåla","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"örnen","lemma":"örn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of tåla","gloss":"eagle"},{"surface":"naturligtvis","lemma":"naturligtvis","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tåla","gloss":"naturally"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies tåla","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"tåla","lemma":"tåla","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"tolerate"},{"surface":"utan","lemma":"utan","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but rather","note":"follows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of började","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"började","lemma":"börja","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with tåla","gloss":"began"},{"surface":"strida","lemma":"strida","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of började","gloss":"to fight"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ändå","lemma":"ändå","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies styrka","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies styrka","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking styrka","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"full","lemma":"full","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies styrka","gloss":"full"},{"surface":"styrka","lemma":"styrka","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with började","gloss":"strength"}]},{"number":211,"label":"43","id":"ch36-p43-s1","source":"Pojken låg och sov på samma ställe som Akka och vildgässen, när han hörde Dunfin ropa: »Tummetott!","translation":"The boy lay sleeping in the same spot as Akka and the wild geese, when he heard Dunfin cry: “Thumbietot!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pojken","lemma":"pojken","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of låg","gloss":"the boy"},{"surface":"låg","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lay"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sov","lemma":"sova","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with låg","gloss":"slept"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ställe","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"samma","lemma":"samma","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of ställe","gloss":"the same"},{"surface":"ställe","lemma":"ställe","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of sov","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of Akka","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"clause modifying ställe","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Akka","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hörde","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hörde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hörde","lemma":"höra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on ropa","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of hörde","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"ropa","lemma":"ropa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on låg","gloss":"to call out"},{"surface":"Tummetott","lemma":"tummetott","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Thumbietot","note":"the boy's nickname once shrunk; kept as the studio translation's name."}]},{"number":212,"label":"","id":"ch36-p43-s2","source":"Tummetott!","translation":"Thumbietot!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tummetott","lemma":"Tummetott","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Thumbietot","note":"the boy's nickname after being shrunk; kept as the studio translation's rendering."}]},{"number":213,"label":"","id":"ch36-p43-s3","source":"Mårten gåskarl håller på att bli ihjälriven av en örn!»","translation":"Mårten Gander is being torn to death by an eagle!”","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Mårten","lemma":"Mårten","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of håller","gloss":"Morten","note":"the studio translation renders this name as 'Morten'."},{"surface":"gåskarl","lemma":"gåskarl","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies Mårten","gloss":"gander"},{"surface":"håller","lemma":"hålla","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"keeps"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on håller","gloss":"in progress"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of bli","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"bli","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of håller","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"ihjälriven","lemma":"ihjälriven","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"complement of bli","gloss":"torn to death"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking örn","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of örn","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"örn","lemma":"örn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of bli","gloss":"eagle"}]},{"number":214,"label":"","id":"ch36-p43-s4","source":"— »Låt mig sitta opp på din rygg, Dunfin, och för mig till honom!» sade pojken.","translation":"“—Let me climb up on your back, Dunfin, and take me to him!” said the boy.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Låt","lemma":"låta","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"let"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of Låt","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"sitta","lemma":"sitta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of Låt","gloss":"to sit"},{"surface":"opp","lemma":"opp","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on sitta","gloss":"up","note":"Mistagged as a noun; opp is the colloquial spelling of upp, \"up\"."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rygg","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"din","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of rygg","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"rygg","lemma":"rygg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sitta","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with rygg","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mig","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with sitta","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking honom","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sitta","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"boy"}]},{"number":215,"label":"44","id":"ch36-p44-s1","source":"När han kom fram, var Mårten gåskarl blodig och illa riven, men han kämpade ännu.","translation":"When he arrived, Mårten Gander was bloody and badly torn, but he was still fighting.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"När","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kom","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on blodig","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kom","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to blodig","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"Mårten","lemma":"Mårten","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of blodig","gloss":"Morten","note":"the studio translation renders this name as 'Morten'."},{"surface":"gåskarl","lemma":"gåskarl","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Mårten","gloss":"gander","note":"'Gåskarl' is a noun meaning 'gander', mistagged here as an adverb; used as the goose-character's epithet Mårten gåskarl."},{"surface":"blodig","lemma":"blodig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"bloody"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"illa","lemma":"illa","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"coordinated with blodig","gloss":"badly"},{"surface":"riven","lemma":"riv","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with blodig","gloss":"torn"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kämpade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kämpade","lemma":"kämpa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with blodig","gloss":"fought"},{"surface":"ännu","lemma":"ännu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kämpade","gloss":"still"}]},{"number":216,"label":"","id":"ch36-p44-s2","source":"Pojken kunde inte strida mot örnen, och det var inte annat att göra än att skaffa bättre hjälp.","translation":"The boy could not fight the eagle himself, and there was nothing for it but to fetch better help.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of strida","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of strida","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies strida","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"strida","lemma":"strida","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to fight"},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking örnen","gloss":"against"},{"surface":"örnen","lemma":"örn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of strida","gloss":"eagle"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with annat","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to annat","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies annat","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"annat","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with strida","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of göra","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"göra","lemma":"göra","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on annat","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of skaffa","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of skaffa","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"skaffa","lemma":"skaffa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on göra","gloss":"to get"},{"surface":"bättre","lemma":"bra","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"modifies hjälp","gloss":"better"},{"surface":"hjälp","lemma":"hjälp","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of skaffa","gloss":"help"}]},{"number":217,"label":"","id":"ch36-p44-s3","source":"»Fort, Dunfin!","translation":"“Quick, Dunfin!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Fort","lemma":"fort","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"quick"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with Fort","gloss":"Dunfin"}]},{"number":218,"label":"","id":"ch36-p44-s4","source":"Kalla hit Akka och vildgässen!» ropade han.","translation":"Call Akka and the wild geese here!” he shouted.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Kalla","lemma":"Kalla","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"call"},{"surface":"hit","lemma":"hit","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Akka","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"parallel clause to Kalla","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Akka","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"ropade","lemma":"ropa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"called out"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ropade","gloss":"he"}]},{"number":219,"label":"","id":"ch36-p44-s5","source":"Med detsamma han sade detta, upphörde örnen att strida.","translation":"The very moment he said this, the eagle stopped fighting.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking detsamma","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"detsamma","lemma":"densamma","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of sade","gloss":"the same"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"sa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of sade","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"upphörde","lemma":"upphöra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with sade","gloss":"stopped"},{"surface":"örnen","lemma":"örn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of upphörde","gloss":"eagle"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of strida","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"strida","lemma":"strida","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clause modifying örnen","gloss":"to fight"}]},{"number":220,"label":"","id":"ch36-p44-s6","source":"»Vem är det, som talar om Akka?» frågade han.","translation":"“Who is it that speaks of Akka?” it asked.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vem","lemma":"vem","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Vem","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with Vem","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of talar","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"talar","lemma":"tala","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"depends on Vem","gloss":"talks"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Akka","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of talar","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"frågade","lemma":"fråga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of frågade","gloss":"he"}]},{"number":221,"label":"","id":"ch36-p44-s7","source":"Och när han nu såg Tummetott och hörde vildgässens kackel, lyfte han vingarna.","translation":"And when it now saw Thumbietot and heard the wild geese cackling, it lifted its wings.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of såg","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies såg","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"såg","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on lyfte","gloss":"saw","note":"past tense of se, 'to see.'"},{"surface":"Tummetott","lemma":"Tummetott","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"direct object of såg","gloss":"Thumbietot","note":"the boy's nickname after being shrunk; kept as the studio translation's rendering."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hörde","lemma":"hörde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with såg","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"vildgässens","lemma":"vildgäss","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of kackel","gloss":"wild geese's","note":"surface 'vildgässens' is plural genitive (of the wild geese) despite the singular tag."},{"surface":"kackel","lemma":"kackel","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of hörde","gloss":"cackling"},{"surface":"lyfte","lemma":"lyfte","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lifted"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lyfte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"vingarna","lemma":"vingarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of lyfte","gloss":"the wings","note":"lemma should be vinge 'wing'."}]},{"number":222,"label":"","id":"ch36-p44-s8","source":"»Säg Akka, att jag aldrig hade väntat att träffa på henne eller någon av hennes följe härute på havet!» sade han och svävade bort med skön och snabb flykt.","translation":"“Tell Akka that I never expected to meet her or any of her company out here on the sea!” it said, and soared away in a beautiful, swift flight.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Säg","lemma":"Säg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"tell"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"modifies Säg","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of väntat","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of väntat","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"aldrig","lemma":"aldrig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies väntat","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of väntat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"väntat","lemma":"vänta","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"clause modifying Säg","gloss":"expected"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of träffa","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"träffa","lemma":"träffa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on väntat","gloss":"to meet"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking henne","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"henne","lemma":"henne","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of träffa","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"någon","lemma":"någon","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of följe","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking följe","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"hennes","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of följe","gloss":"her","note":"possessive form hennes of the pronoun hon."},{"surface":"följe","lemma":"följe","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with träffa","gloss":"company"},{"surface":"härute","lemma":"härute","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies följe","gloss":"out here"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking havet","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"havet","lemma":"hav","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of följe","gloss":"sea"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"svävade","lemma":"sväva","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with sade","gloss":"hovered"},{"surface":"bort","lemma":"bort","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on svävade","gloss":"away"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking flykt","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"skön","lemma":"skön","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies flykt","gloss":"fine"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"snabb","lemma":"snabb","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with skön","gloss":"swift"},{"surface":"flykt","lemma":"flykt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of svävade","gloss":"flight"}]},{"number":223,"label":"","id":"ch36-p44-s9","source":"— »Det var samma örn, som en gång bar mig tillbaka till vildgässen,» sade pojken och såg förvånad efter honom.","translation":"“—That was the same eagle that once carried me back to the wild geese,” said the boy, gazing after it in astonishment.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of örn","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to örn","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"samma","lemma":"samma","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of örn","gloss":"the same"},{"surface":"örn","lemma":"örn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"eagle"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"subject of bar","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of gång","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gång","lemma":"gång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bar","gloss":"once"},{"surface":"bar","lemma":"bara","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"depends on örn","gloss":"carried","note":"Lemma tag is odd; surface 'bar' is the past tense of bära, 'to carry', also used idiomatically in 'det bar av' = 'off they went'."},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of bar","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"tillbaka","lemma":"tillbaka","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bar","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vildgässen","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of bar","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to örn","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"såg","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with sade","gloss":"saw","note":"past tense of se, 'to see.'"},{"surface":"förvånad","lemma":"förvånad","morphology":"verb, past, participle, common gender, singular, nominative","role":"complement of såg","gloss":"in astonishment"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking honom","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of såg","gloss":"him"}]},{"number":224,"label":"45","id":"ch36-p45-s1","source":"Vildgässen ämnade bege sig av från skäret i god tid, men först ville de ändå beta en stund.","translation":"The wild geese meant to leave the skerry in good time, but first they still wanted to graze a while.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of ämnade","gloss":"the wild geese"},{"surface":"ämnade","lemma":"ämna","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"intended"},{"surface":"bege","lemma":"bege","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of ämnade","gloss":"set off","note":"Used reflexively, bege sig, \"to betake oneself, set off\"."},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of bege","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skäret","gloss":"off"},{"surface":"från","lemma":"från","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skäret","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"skäret","lemma":"skäer","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of bege","gloss":"skerry"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tid","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"god","lemma":"god","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies tid","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"tid","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of bege","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"först","lemma":"först","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ville","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"ville","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of beta","gloss":"wanted to"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of beta","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"ändå","lemma":"ändå","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies beta","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"beta","lemma":"beta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with ämnade","gloss":"graze"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of stund","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stund","lemma":"stund","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of beta","gloss":"while"}]},{"number":225,"label":"","id":"ch36-p45-s2","source":"Medan de gingo och åto, kom en bergand fram till Dunfin.","translation":"While they were feeding, a scaup duck came up to Dunfin.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"bergand","title":"«bergand» — scaup","body":"A real Baltic diving duck (Aythya marila), one of many precisely named bird species Lagerlöf works into the text — part of the book's original purpose as a natural-history and geography reader for Swedish schoolchildren."}],"words":[{"surface":"Medan","lemma":"medan","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kom","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of gingo","gloss":"they","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"gingo","lemma":"gingo","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"went","note":"Past plural of gå (to go); mistagged as an adjective."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"åto","lemma":"åto","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with gingo","gloss":"ate","note":"Archaic plural past of äta; modern Swedish uses åt."},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of bergand","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"bergand","lemma":"bergand","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"a scaup duck"},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dunfin","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of fram","gloss":"Dunfin"}]},{"number":226,"label":"","id":"ch36-p45-s3","source":"»Jag skulle hälsa dig från dina systrar,» sade hon.","translation":"“I was to give you greetings from your sisters,” she said.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of skulle","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on sade","gloss":"was to"},{"surface":"hälsa","lemma":"hälsa","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of skulle","gloss":"give greetings","note":"Both given examples are the verb hälsa, not the noun: 'hälsa på i varenda gård' = 'to visit every farm', 'låter nu hälsa dig' = 'sends word/greeting to you'. The tagged noun sense ('health') is not attested in these examples; flagging as context-dependent since the surface is shared between noun and verb."},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of skulle","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"från","lemma":"från","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking systrar","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"dina","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"possessor of systrar","gloss":"your","note":"This entry is really the possessive \"dina\" (plural agreement), mistagged under the lemma du."},{"surface":"systrar","lemma":"systr","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of skulle","gloss":"sisters"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"she"}]},{"number":227,"label":"","id":"ch36-p45-s4","source":"»De vågar inte visa sig bland vildgässen, men de bad mig påminna dig, att du inte borde fara från skäret, förrän du har hälsat på den gamla fiskaren.»","translation":"“They don't dare show themselves among the wild geese, but they asked me to remind you that you shouldn't leave the skerry before you've paid a visit to the old fisherman.”","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of vågar","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"vågar","lemma":"våga","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"dares"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies visa","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"visa","lemma":"visa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of vågar","gloss":"to show"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of visa","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"bland","lemma":"bland","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vildgässen","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of visa","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of bad","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"bad","lemma":"bad","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with vågar","gloss":"asked","note":"Past tense of 'be' (to ask/request)."},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of bad","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"påminna","lemma":"påminna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of bad","gloss":"to remind"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of påminna","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fara","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fara","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies fara","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"borde","lemma":"borna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of fara","gloss":"should"},{"surface":"fara","lemma":"fara","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clausal complement of vågar","gloss":"go","note":"some listed surfaces (fara, far) are actually forms of the unrelated verb fara 'to travel/go'; gloss the noun sense danger for the noun-tagged type."},{"surface":"från","lemma":"från","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skäret","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"skäret","lemma":"skär","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies fara","gloss":"skerry"},{"surface":"förrän","lemma":"förrän","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies har","gloss":"before","note":"used with a preceding negative to mean 'no sooner than'."},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of har","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of hälsat","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"hälsat","lemma":"hälsa","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on vågar","gloss":"paid a visit"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fiskaren","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of fiskaren","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gamla","lemma":"gammal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies fiskaren","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"fiskaren","lemma":"fiskar","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of vågar","gloss":"fisherman"}]},{"number":228,"label":"","id":"ch36-p45-s5","source":"— »Det är verkligen sant,» sade Dunfin.","translation":"“—That's really true,” said Dunfin.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of sant","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to sant","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"verkligen","lemma":"verkligen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sant","gloss":"really"},{"surface":"sant","lemma":"sant","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"true"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with sant","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"Dunfin"}]},{"number":229,"label":"","id":"ch36-p45-s6","source":"Men hon hade nu blivit så pass skrämd, att hon inte ville gå ensam, utan bad gåskarlen och Tummetott följa med upp till hyddan.","translation":"But she had by now become so frightened that she did not want to go alone, and asked the gander and Thumbietot to come along up to the hut.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blivit","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of blivit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies blivit","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"blivit","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies skrämd","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"pass","lemma":"pass","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"part of the phrase så","gloss":"so (degree)","note":"functions as a degree particle here, not the noun 'pass'."},{"surface":"skrämd","lemma":"skrämd","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of blivit","gloss":"frightened"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gå","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gå","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies gå","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ville","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gå","gloss":"wanted to"},{"surface":"gå","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on blivit","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"ensam","lemma":"ensam","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of gå","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"utan","lemma":"utan","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but rather","note":"follows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened."},{"surface":"bad","lemma":"be","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with gå","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"gåskarlen","lemma":"gåskarl","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of bad","gloss":"gander"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Tummetott","lemma":"Tummetott","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with bad","gloss":"Thumbietot","note":"the boy's nickname after being shrunk; kept as the studio translation's rendering."},{"surface":"följa","lemma":"följa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of bad","gloss":"to follow"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on följa","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies följa","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hyddan","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"hyddan","lemma":"hydda","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of upp","gloss":"the hut"}]},{"number":230,"label":"46","id":"ch36-p46-s1","source":"Där stod dörren öppen.","translation":"There the door stood open.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stod","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"stod","lemma":"stå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"dörren","lemma":"dörr","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of stod","gloss":"door"},{"surface":"öppen","lemma":"öppen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of stod","gloss":"open"}]},{"number":231,"label":"","id":"ch36-p46-s2","source":"Dunfin gick in, men de två andra stannade utanför.","translation":"Dunfin went in, but the other two stayed outside.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gick","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"gick","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gick","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of andra","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"två","lemma":"två","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies andra","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"subject of stannade","gloss":"others"},{"surface":"stannade","lemma":"stanna","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with gick","gloss":"stopped"},{"surface":"utanför","lemma":"utanför","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stannade","gloss":"outside"}]},{"number":232,"label":"","id":"ch36-p46-s3","source":"I nästa ögonblick hörde de hur Akka gav tecken till uppbrott, och de kallade på Dunfin.","translation":"The very next moment they heard Akka give the signal to leave, and they called for Dunfin.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"I","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ögonblick","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"nästa","lemma":"nästa","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies ögonblick","gloss":"next"},{"surface":"ögonblick","lemma":"ögonblick","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of hörde","gloss":"moment"},{"surface":"hörde","lemma":"höra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of hörde","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"hur","lemma":"hur","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gav","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of gav","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"gav","lemma":"ge","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"complement of hörde","gloss":"gave","note":"Light-verb idioms in the examples: \"gav ... till ett klagoskrik\" = let out a cry; \"gav sig tid\" = took the time — not literal \"gave\" in either case."},{"surface":"tecken","lemma":"tecken","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gav","gloss":"sign"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking uppbrott","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"uppbrott","lemma":"uppbrott","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of gav","gloss":"departure"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"determiner of kallade","gloss":"they","note":"surfaces are actually the plural pronoun de, not a form of en."},{"surface":"kallade","lemma":"kalla","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with hörde","gloss":"called for","note":"Mistagged as an adjective; 'kallade' here is the past tense of the verb 'kalla' (to call)."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dunfin","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of kallade","gloss":"Dunfin"}]},{"number":233,"label":"","id":"ch36-p46-s4","source":"Grågåsen kom ut ur stugan och flög med vildgässen bort från skäret.","translation":"The gray goose came out of the cottage and flew off with the wild geese from the skerry.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Grågåsen","lemma":"Grågåse","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"the greylag goose"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kom","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"ur","lemma":"ur","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking stugan","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"stugan","lemma":"stuga","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kom","gloss":"cottage"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"flög","lemma":"flög","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with kom","gloss":"flew"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vildgässen","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of flög","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"bort","lemma":"bort","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies flög","gloss":"away"},{"surface":"från","lemma":"från","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skäret","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"skäret","lemma":"skär","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of bort","gloss":"skerry"}]},{"number":234,"label":"47","id":"ch36-p47-s1","source":"De hade färdats ett rätt långt stycke inåt skärgården, då pojken började förvåna sig över grågåsen, som följde dem.","translation":"They had traveled a fairly long way into the archipelago when the boy began to marvel at the gray goose following them.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of passive färdats","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of färdats","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"färdats","lemma":"färda","morphology":"verb, passive, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"traveled","note":"deponent verb färdas, passive in form but active in meaning."},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of stycke","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"rätt","lemma":"rätt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies långt","gloss":"fairly"},{"surface":"långt","lemma":"långt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies stycke","gloss":"long","note":"Both examples ('for fram ett långt stycke' = 'sped along a long stretch', 'tog ett långt hopp' = 'took a long leap') mean 'long' (length), not 'far' (distance)."},{"surface":"stycke","lemma":"stycke","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of passive färdats","gloss":"piece"},{"surface":"inåt","lemma":"inåt","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skärgården","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"skärgården","lemma":"skärgård","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of färdats","gloss":"archipelago"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies började","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of började","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"började","lemma":"börja","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on skärgården","gloss":"began"},{"surface":"förvåna","lemma":"förvåna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of började","gloss":"to marvel","note":"All three examples use the reflexive 'förvåna sig' = 'to marvel/be astonished'; the transitive gloss 'to astonish' does not render the actual usage."},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of förvåna","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking grågåsen","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"grågåsen","lemma":"grågåse","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of förvåna","gloss":"greylag goose"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of följde","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"följde","lemma":"följa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with började","gloss":"followed"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of följde","gloss":"them"}]},{"number":235,"label":"","id":"ch36-p47-s2","source":"Dunfin brukade flyga tyst och lätt.","translation":"Dunfin usually flew quietly and lightly.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dunfin","lemma":"Dunfin","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of brukade","gloss":"Dunfin"},{"surface":"brukade","lemma":"bruka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"used to"},{"surface":"flyga","lemma":"flyga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of brukade","gloss":"fly"},{"surface":"tyst","lemma":"tyst","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of flyga","gloss":"quiet"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lätt","lemma":"lätt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with tyst","gloss":"easily","note":"ch01-p14 'ett lätt buller' renders as 'a faint noise' in the translation, a distinct sense from weight/air-lightness or ease."}]},{"number":236,"label":"","id":"ch36-p47-s3","source":"Denna arbetade sig fram med tunga, brusande vingslag.","translation":"This one labored along with heavy, rushing wingbeats.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Denna","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of arbetade","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"arbetade","lemma":"arbeta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"worked"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of arbetade","gloss":"herself"},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies arbetade","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vingslag","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"tunga","lemma":"tung","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies vingslag","gloss":"heavy"},{"surface":"brusande","lemma":"brusande","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"coordinated with tunga","gloss":"roaring","note":"describes rushing water or wind."},{"surface":"vingslag","lemma":"vingslag","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of fram","gloss":"wingbeat"}]},{"number":237,"label":"","id":"ch36-p47-s4","source":"»Akka, vänd om!","translation":"“Akka, turn back!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of vänd","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"vänd","lemma":"vända","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"turn back"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on vänd","gloss":"back"}]},{"number":238,"label":"","id":"ch36-p47-s5","source":"Akka, vänd om!» ropade han helt hastigt.","translation":"Akka, turn back!” he cried out suddenly.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of vänd","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"vänd","lemma":"vända","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"turn back"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on vänd","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"ropade","lemma":"ropa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"called out"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ropade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"helt","lemma":"helt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hastigt","gloss":"quite"},{"surface":"hastigt","lemma":"hastig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ropade","gloss":"quickly"}]},{"number":239,"label":"","id":"ch36-p47-s6","source":"»Vi har kommit i orätt sällskap!","translation":"“We're in the wrong company!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of kommit","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of kommit","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"kommit","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sällskap","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"orätt","lemma":"orätt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies sällskap","gloss":"wrong"},{"surface":"sällskap","lemma":"sällskap","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of kommit","gloss":"company"}]},{"number":240,"label":"","id":"ch36-p47-s7","source":"Det är Vingsköna, som följer oss!»","translation":"It's Vingsköna following us!”","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with Vingsköna","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Vingsköna","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"Vingsköna","lemma":"Vingsköna","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Vingsköna"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of följer","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"följer","lemma":"följa","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"depends on Vingsköna","gloss":"follows"},{"surface":"oss","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of följer","gloss":"us"}]},{"number":241,"label":"48","id":"ch36-p48-s1","source":"Knappt var detta sagt, förrän grågåsen upphävde ett så fult och ilsket skrik, att alla förstodo vem hon var.","translation":"Scarcely had this been said when the gray goose let out such an ugly, angry shriek that everyone understood who she was.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Knappt","lemma":"Knappt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sagt","gloss":"scarcely"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to sagt","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of sagt","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"sagt","lemma":"säga","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"adverbial clause on upphävde","gloss":"said","note":"Really the supine 'sagt' of the verb säga ('to say'), mistagged here as an adjective."},{"surface":"förrän","lemma":"förrän","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies upphävde","gloss":"before","note":"used with a preceding negative to mean 'no sooner than'."},{"surface":"grågåsen","lemma":"grågåse","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of upphävde","gloss":"greylag goose"},{"surface":"upphävde","lemma":"upphäva","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"let out (a cry)"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of skrik","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fult","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"fult","lemma":"ful","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies skrik","gloss":"ugly"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ilsket","lemma":"ilsket","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"coordinated with fult","gloss":"angry"},{"surface":"skrik","lemma":"skrik","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of upphävde","gloss":"cry"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of förstodo","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"determiner of förstodo","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"förstodo","lemma":"förstodo","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"clause modifying skrik","gloss":"understood","note":"Historical plural preterite of förstå; modern Swedish uses förstod."},{"surface":"vem","lemma":"vem","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of var","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"depends on förstodo","gloss":"was","note":"the surface var here is the past tense of vara 'to be', not the pronoun."}]},{"number":242,"label":"","id":"ch36-p48-s2","source":"Akka och de andra vände sig mot henne, men grågåsen flydde inte genast.","translation":"Akka and the others turned toward her, but the gray goose did not flee at once.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of vände","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of andra","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"coordinated with Akka","gloss":"others"},{"surface":"vände","lemma":"väna","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"turned","note":"Past tense of vända (to turn); lemma should read vända."},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of vände","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking henne","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"henne","lemma":"henne","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of vände","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"grågåsen","lemma":"grågåse","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of flydde","gloss":"greylag goose"},{"surface":"flydde","lemma":"flyda","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with vände","gloss":"fled"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies flydde","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"genast","lemma":"genast","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies flydde","gloss":"at once"}]},{"number":243,"label":"","id":"ch36-p48-s3","source":"I stället störtade hon mot den store vite, grep fatt i Tummetott och flög nu bort med honom i näbben.","translation":"Instead she flung herself at the big white one, seized Thumbietot, and flew off with him now in her beak.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"I","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies störtade","gloss":"instead"},{"surface":"stället","lemma":"ställe","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"part of the phrase I","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"störtade","lemma":"störta","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"flung herself"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of störtade","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vite","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of vite","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"store","lemma":"store","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies vite","gloss":"big","note":"Weak-declension form of 'stor'."},{"surface":"vite","lemma":"vite","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"modifies störtade","gloss":"white one","note":"In all examples this is the definite adjective 'the white one', not a verb; morphology tag is mistagged."},{"surface":"grep","lemma":"grep","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with vite","gloss":"seized"},{"surface":"fatt","lemma":"fatt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vite","gloss":"hold","note":"Occurs in the fixed idiom 'få/gripa fatt (i)', 'to get/grab hold (of)'."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Tummetott","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Tummetott","lemma":"tummetott","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of störtade","gloss":"Thumbietot","note":"the boy's nickname once shrunk; kept as the studio translation's name."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"flög","lemma":"flög","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with störtade","gloss":"flew"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies flög","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"bort","lemma":"bort","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on flög","gloss":"away"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking honom","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of flög","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking näbben","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"näbben","lemma":"näbbe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of flög","gloss":"beak"}]},{"number":244,"label":"49","id":"ch36-p49-s1","source":"Det blev en skarp jakt inöver skärgårdshavet.","translation":"A sharp chase now began out over the archipelago sea.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with blev","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of jakt","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"skarp","lemma":"skarp","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies jakt","gloss":"sharp"},{"surface":"jakt","lemma":"jakt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"chase"},{"surface":"inöver","lemma":"inöver","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies skärgårdshavet","gloss":"out over"},{"surface":"skärgårdshavet","lemma":"skärgårdshavet","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of blev","gloss":"the archipelago sea"}]},{"number":245,"label":"","id":"ch36-p49-s2","source":"Vingsköna flydde raskt, men vildgässen voro alldeles inpå henne, och det fanns intet hopp för henne att komma undan.","translation":"Vingsköna fled swiftly, but the wild geese were right upon her, and there was no hope at all of her getting away.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vingsköna","lemma":"vingsköna","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of flydde","gloss":"Vingsköna"},{"surface":"flydde","lemma":"flyda","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"fled"},{"surface":"raskt","lemma":"rask","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies flydde","gloss":"briskly"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of voro","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinated with flydde","gloss":"were","note":"Archaic plural preterite of vara 'to be'; mistagged as particle."},{"surface":"alldeles","lemma":"alldeles","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies henne","gloss":"quite"},{"surface":"inpå","lemma":"inpå","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking henne","gloss":"right up on"},{"surface":"henne","lemma":"henne","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of voro","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with fanns","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"fanns","lemma":"finnas","morphology":"verb, past, indicative","role":"coordinated with flydde","gloss":"there was","note":"existential verb; fanns = 'there was/were, existed.'"},{"surface":"intet","lemma":"inted","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fanns","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"hopp","lemma":"hopp","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of fanns","gloss":"hope","note":"Two distinct homonyms share the spelling hopp: 'leap' and 'hope.'"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking henne","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"henne","lemma":"henne","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of fanns","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of komma","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"komma","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on fanns","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"undan","lemma":"undan","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on komma","gloss":"away"}]},{"number":246,"label":"50","id":"ch36-p50-s1","source":"Plötsligen sågo de en liten vit rök stiga upp nerifrån havet, och knallen av ett skott hördes.","translation":"Suddenly they saw a little puff of white smoke rise up from below over the sea, and the crack of a shot was heard.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Plötsligen","lemma":"Plötsligen","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies sågo","gloss":"suddenly","note":"Adverb mislabeled as a noun."},{"surface":"sågo","lemma":"sågoa","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"saw","note":"Lemma/tag are corrupted; sågo is the plural past tense of se (\"saw\"), not a noun or present tense."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of sågo","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of rök","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"liten","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies vit","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"vit","lemma":"vit","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies rök","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"rök","lemma":"rök","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of sågo","gloss":"smoke"},{"surface":"stiga","lemma":"stiga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of sågo","gloss":"to rise"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stiga","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"nerifrån","lemma":"nerifrån","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies havet","gloss":"from below"},{"surface":"havet","lemma":"hav","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of upp","gloss":"sea"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"knallen","lemma":"knall","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of passive hördes","gloss":"the crack"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skott","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of skott","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"skott","lemma":"skott","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies knallen","gloss":"shot"},{"surface":"hördes","lemma":"höra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, passive","role":"coordinated with sågo","gloss":"could be heard"}]},{"number":247,"label":"","id":"ch36-p50-s2","source":"I sin iver hade de inte märkt, att de hade kommit rakt ovanför en båt, där en ensam fiskare satt.","translation":"In their eagerness they had not noticed that they had come directly above a boat where a lone fisherman sat.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"I","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking iver","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of iver","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"iver","lemma":"iv","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of märkt","gloss":"eagerness","note":"Parser split 'iver' into two spurious lemmas ('iva'/'iv'); both mean eagerness."},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of märkt","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of märkt","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies märkt","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"märkt","lemma":"märka","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"noticed"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kommit","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of kommit","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of kommit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"kommit","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"clausal complement of märkt","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"rakt","lemma":"rak","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ovanför","gloss":"directly"},{"surface":"ovanför","lemma":"ovanför","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies båt","gloss":"above"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of båt","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"båt","lemma":"båt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kommit","gloss":"boat"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies satt","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of fiskare","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ensam","lemma":"ensam","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies fiskare","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"fiskare","lemma":"fiskare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of satt","gloss":"fisherman"},{"surface":"satt","lemma":"sitta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on båt","gloss":"sat"}]},{"number":248,"label":"51","id":"ch36-p51-s1","source":"Ingen blev dock träffad av skottet, men just där, mittöver båten, öppnade Vingsköna näbben och lät Tummetott falla ner till havet.","translation":"No one, however, was hit by the shot, but just then, right over the boat, Vingsköna opened her beak and let Thumbietot fall down to the sea.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"no one"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"bli","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"dock","lemma":"dock","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies träffad","gloss":"yet/still"},{"surface":"träffad","lemma":"träffad","morphology":"verb, passive, supine","role":"complement of blev","gloss":"was hit"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skottet","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"skottet","lemma":"skott","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of träffad","gloss":"shot"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"just","lemma":"just","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies där","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with blev","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"mittöver","lemma":"mittöv","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies blev","gloss":"right over"},{"surface":"båten","lemma":"båt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of blev","gloss":"boat"},{"surface":"öppnade","lemma":"öppna","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to blev","gloss":"opened"},{"surface":"Vingsköna","lemma":"Vingsköna","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"modifies näbben","gloss":"Vingsköna"},{"surface":"näbben","lemma":"näbben","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of öppnade","gloss":"beak"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lät","lemma":"lät","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of falla","gloss":"let"},{"surface":"Tummetott","lemma":"Tummetott","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of falla","gloss":"Thumbietot","note":"the boy's nickname after being shrunk; kept as the studio translation's rendering."},{"surface":"falla","lemma":"falla","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with blev","gloss":"to fall"},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies falla","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking havet","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"havet","lemma":"hav","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of ner","gloss":"sea"}]}]}