{"work":{"slug":"nils","title":{"source":"Nils Holgerssons underbara resa genom Sverige","translated":"The Wonderful Adventures of Nils"},"author":"Selma Lagerlöf","language":"Swedish","languageCode":"sv","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/nils"},"unit":{"kind":"chapter","number":null,"id":"ch38","title":{"source":"Gorgo, örnen","translated":"Gorgo, the Eagle"},"section":"The Wonderful Adventures of Nils","summary":null,"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/nils/ch38","lines":223},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/books/nils/ch37","next":"https://1732studios.com/books/nils/ch39","license":"Source text: public domain (Selma Lagerlöf, d. 1940; first published 1906–1907). English translation: © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC — original draft, pending editorial review.","audioBase":null,"lines":[{"number":1,"label":"1","id":"ch38-p1-s1","source":"Långt uppe bland Lapplands fjäll låg ett gammalt örnnäste på en avsats, som sköt ut från en brant bergvägg.","translation":"Far up among the mountains of Lapland lay an old eagle's nest on a ledge that jutted out from a steep cliff face.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Långt","lemma":"Långt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies uppe","gloss":"far"},{"surface":"uppe","lemma":"uppe","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fjäll","gloss":"up high"},{"surface":"bland","lemma":"bland","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fjäll","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"Lapplands","lemma":"Lappland","morphology":"proper noun, genitive","role":"possessor of fjäll","gloss":"Lapland's"},{"surface":"fjäll","lemma":"fjäll","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of låg","gloss":"mountain"},{"surface":"låg","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lay"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of örnnäste","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gammalt","lemma":"gammal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies örnnäste","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"örnnäste","lemma":"örnnäste","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of låg","gloss":"eagle's nest"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking avsats","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of avsats","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"avsats","lemma":"avsats","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of låg","gloss":"a ledge"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of sköt","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"sköt","lemma":"sköt","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on avsats","gloss":"jutted"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on sköt","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"från","lemma":"från","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bergvägg","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of bergvägg","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"brant","lemma":"brant","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies bergvägg","gloss":"steep"},{"surface":"bergvägg","lemma":"bergvägg","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of sköt","gloss":"rock wall"}]},{"number":2,"label":"","id":"ch38-p1-s2","source":"Det var förfärdigat av tallgrenar, som voro lagda varvtals över varandra.","translation":"It was built of pine branches, laid layer upon layer over one another.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"voro","title":"Archaic plural verb agreement","body":"«voro» is the old plural preterite of «vara» ('to be'), used with plural subjects in 1906 literary Swedish. Modern Swedish uses «var» for all persons/numbers; this book's era still marked singular/plural verb agreement, a register flag for the archaic prose."}],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of förfärdigat","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to förfärdigat","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"förfärdigat","lemma":"förfärdiga","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tallgrenar","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"tallgrenar","lemma":"tallgren","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies förfärdigat","gloss":"pine branches"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"modifies förfärdigat","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"depends on lagda","gloss":"were","note":"Archaic plural past tense of vara (\"to be\")."},{"surface":"lagda","lemma":"laga","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies varvtals","gloss":"laid","note":"Mistagged as an adjective; covers two distinct past participles, 'lagda' (laid, from 'lägga') and 'lagade' (repaired, from 'laga')."},{"surface":"varvtals","lemma":"varvtal","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"depends on som","gloss":"layer upon layer"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking varandra","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"varandra","lemma":"varandra","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"modifies som","gloss":"each other"}]},{"number":3,"label":"","id":"ch38-p1-s3","source":"Under många år hade det blivit tillbyggt och förstärkt och låg nu på klipphyllan, ett par meter brett och nära nog lika högt som en lappkåta.","translation":"Over many years it had been added to and reinforced, and now lay on the rock shelf a couple of meters wide and nearly as tall as a Lapp hut.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"lappkåta","title":"Sami tent-hut","body":"A «lappkåta» (often «kåta» today) is the traditional cone-shaped tent or hut used by the Sami (formerly called 'Lapps') of northern Scandinavia — realia the book uses as a size comparison for the nest."}],"words":[{"surface":"Under","lemma":"under","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking år","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"många","lemma":"många","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies år","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"år","lemma":"år","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of hade","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tillbyggt","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of tillbyggt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"blivit","lemma":"bli","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, supine","role":"passive auxiliary of tillbyggt","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"tillbyggt","lemma":"tillbyggt","morphology":"verb, passive, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"been extended"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"förstärkt","lemma":"förstärka","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with tillbyggt","gloss":"reinforced"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"låg","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with tillbyggt","gloss":"lay"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies låg","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking klipphyllan","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"klipphyllan","lemma":"klipphylla","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of låg","gloss":"rock shelf"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of par","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"par","lemma":"par","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies meter","gloss":"couple"},{"surface":"meter","lemma":"meter","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of brett","gloss":"meters"},{"surface":"brett","lemma":"bret","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with tillbyggt","gloss":"wide"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"nära","lemma":"nära","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies högt","gloss":"nearly","note":"Type lumps the positive, comparative, and superlative forms of nära."},{"surface":"nog","lemma":"nog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies högt","gloss":"nearly"},{"surface":"lika","lemma":"lika","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies högt","gloss":"equally"},{"surface":"högt","lemma":"hög","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies brett","gloss":"high"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lappkåta","gloss":"as","note":"Functions as relative pronoun/conjunction, not a true preposition."},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of lappkåta","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"lappkåta","lemma":"lappkåta","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of tillbyggt","gloss":"Lapp hut"}]},{"number":4,"label":"2","id":"ch38-p2-s1","source":"Klippväggen, där örnnästet låg, höjde sig över en rätt stor dal, som om sommaren var bebodd av en flock vildgäss.","translation":"The rock face where the eagle's nest lay rose above a rather large valley that in summer was inhabited by a flock of wild geese.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Klippväggen","lemma":"Klippväggen","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of höjde","gloss":"the rock face"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies låg","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"örnnästet","lemma":"örnnäste","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of låg","gloss":"eagle's nest"},{"surface":"låg","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Klippväggen","gloss":"lay"},{"surface":"höjde","lemma":"höja","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"raised"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of höjde","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies höjde","gloss":"above"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of dal","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"rätt","lemma":"rätt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies stor","gloss":"right"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies dal","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"dal","lemma":"dal","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of höjde","gloss":"valley"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"introduces the clause of bebodd","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of bebodd","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"sommaren","lemma":"sommar","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bebodd","gloss":"summer"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to bebodd","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"bebodd","lemma":"bebodd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial clause on höjde","gloss":"inhabited"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vildgäss","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of flock","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"flock","lemma":"flock","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies vildgäss","gloss":"flock"},{"surface":"vildgäss","lemma":"vildgäss","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of bebodd","gloss":"wild geese"}]},{"number":5,"label":"","id":"ch38-p2-s2","source":"Denna dal var en förträfflig tillflyktsort för dem.","translation":"This valley was an excellent refuge for them.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Denna","lemma":"denna","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of dal","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"dal","lemma":"dal","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tillflyktsort","gloss":"valley"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to tillflyktsort","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of tillflyktsort","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"förträfflig","lemma":"förträfflig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies tillflyktsort","gloss":"excellent"},{"surface":"tillflyktsort","lemma":"tillflyktsort","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"refuge"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"modifies tillflyktsort","gloss":"them"}]},{"number":6,"label":"","id":"ch38-p2-s3","source":"Den var så undangömd mellan bergen, att det inte var mången, som kände till den, inte en gång bland lapparna.","translation":"It was so hidden away among the mountains that hardly anyone knew of it, not even among the Lapps.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of undangömd","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to undangömd","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies undangömd","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"undangömd","lemma":"undangömd","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"hidden away"},{"surface":"mellan","lemma":"mellan","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bergen","gloss":"between"},{"surface":"bergen","lemma":"berg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of undangömd","gloss":"mountain"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of mången","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with mången","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies mången","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to mången","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"mången","lemma":"mång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial clause on undangömd","gloss":"many a (one)","note":"surface mången, an archaic indefinite pronoun/adjective, not a noun."},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of kände","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"kände","lemma":"kände","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"depends on mången","gloss":"felt"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking den","gloss":"know of"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kände","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies gång","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of gång","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gång","lemma":"gång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with mången","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"bland","lemma":"bland","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lapparna","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"lapparna","lemma":"lapparna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of gång","gloss":"the Lapps","note":"All four examples refer to the Sami people (lapplägret 'the Lapp camp', lapphundarna 'the Lapp dogs'), not to 'patches'; lapp = 'patch' is a false friend here."}]},{"number":7,"label":"","id":"ch38-p2-s4","source":"Mitt i dalen låg en liten rund sjö, där det fanns gott om föda för de små gässlingarna, och på de tuviga sjöstränderna, som voro täckta av videbuskar och små förkrympta björkar, funnos de bästa häckplatser, som gässen gärna kunde önska sig.","translation":"In the middle of the valley lay a small round lake, where there was plenty of food for the little goslings, and on the tussocky lakeshores, which were covered with willow bushes and small stunted birches, there were the best nesting places the geese could ever wish for.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Mitt","lemma":"Mitt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"the middle","note":"In the phrase mitt i (\"in the middle of\")."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dalen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"dalen","lemma":"dal","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Mitt","gloss":"valley"},{"surface":"låg","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lay"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of sjö","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"liten","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies sjö","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"rund","lemma":"rund","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies sjö","gloss":"round"},{"surface":"sjö","lemma":"sjö","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of låg","gloss":"lake"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fanns","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with fanns","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"fanns","lemma":"finnas","morphology":"verb, past, indicative","role":"relative clause on sjö","gloss":"there was","note":"existential verb; fanns = 'there was/were, existed.'"},{"surface":"gott","lemma":"god","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fanns","gloss":"plenty"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking föda","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"föda","lemma":"föda","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial clause on fanns","gloss":"food"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gässlingarna","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of gässlingarna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"små","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies gässlingarna","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"gässlingarna","lemma":"gässlinga","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of fanns","gloss":"goslings"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sjöstränderna","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of sjöstränderna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"tuviga","lemma":"tuvig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies sjöstränderna","gloss":"tussocky"},{"surface":"sjöstränderna","lemma":"sjöstränderna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with fanns","gloss":"the lakeshores"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of täckta","gloss":"which","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"modifies som","gloss":"were","note":"Mistagged as a pronoun; voro is the archaic plural past tense of vara (\"to be\")."},{"surface":"täckta","lemma":"täckt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"relative clause on sjöstränderna","gloss":"covered"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking videbuskar","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"videbuskar","lemma":"videbusk","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"agent of täckta","gloss":"willow bushes"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"små","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies förkrympta","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"förkrympta","lemma":"förkrympta","morphology":"verb, passive, supine","role":"subject of björkar","gloss":"stunted"},{"surface":"björkar","lemma":"björka","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with täckta","gloss":"birches","note":"Actually the noun plural 'birches', mislabeled as a verb."},{"surface":"funnos","lemma":"funnos","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"coordinated with sjöstränderna","gloss":"there were","note":"Archaic plural past tense of 'finnas' (to exist), mislabeled as imperative."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of häckplatser","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"bästa","lemma":"bra","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"modifies häckplatser","gloss":"best"},{"surface":"häckplatser","lemma":"häckplats","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies sjöstränderna","gloss":"nesting places"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of önska","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"gässen","lemma":"gässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of önska","gloss":"geese","note":"gässen is the plural definite of gås 'goose'; lemma is a normalized plural stem."},{"surface":"gärna","lemma":"gärna","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies önska","gloss":"ever","note":"Type lumps together gärna (gladly) and its suppletive superlative helst (rather/most)."},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of önska","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"önska","lemma":"önska","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"relative clause on häckplatser","gloss":"to wish"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of önska","gloss":"themselves"}]},{"number":8,"label":"3","id":"ch38-p3-s1","source":"I alla tider hade det bott örnar uppe på klippan och vildgäss nere i dalen.","translation":"In all times there had lived eagles up on the cliff and wild geese down in the valley.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"I","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tider","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of tider","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"tider","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of bott","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of bott","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of bott","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"bott","lemma":"bott","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"subject of örnar","gloss":"lived"},{"surface":"örnar","lemma":"örna","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"eagles"},{"surface":"uppe","lemma":"uppe","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies örnar","gloss":"up high"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking klippan","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"klippan","lemma":"klippan","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of örnar","gloss":"the cliff"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vildgäss","lemma":"vildgäss","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"coordinated with klippan","gloss":"wild geese"},{"surface":"nere","lemma":"nere","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies örnar","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dalen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"dalen","lemma":"dal","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of nere","gloss":"valley"}]},{"number":9,"label":"","id":"ch38-p3-s2","source":"Vart år rövade örnarna bort några av dem, men aktade sig väl för att taga så många, att vildgässen inte skulle våga bo kvar i dalen.","translation":"Every year the eagles carried off a few of them, but took care never to take so many that the wild geese would not dare stay on in the valley.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vart","lemma":"vart","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"modifies rövade","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"år","lemma":"år","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"part of the phrase Vart","gloss":"year"},{"surface":"rövade","lemma":"röva","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"carried off"},{"surface":"örnarna","lemma":"örnarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of rövade","gloss":"the eagles"},{"surface":"bort","lemma":"bort","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on örnarna","gloss":"away"},{"surface":"några","lemma":"någon","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"direct object of rövade","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"modifies några","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"aktade","lemma":"akta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with rövade","gloss":"took care"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of aktade","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"väl","lemma":"väl","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies aktade","gloss":"carefully"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of taga","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of taga","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"taga","lemma":"taga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on aktade","gloss":"take","note":"Older spelling of 'ta' (to take)."},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies många","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"många","lemma":"många","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"direct object of taga","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of våga","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of våga","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies våga","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of våga","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"våga","lemma":"våga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of taga","gloss":"to dare"},{"surface":"bo","lemma":"bo","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of våga","gloss":"to live","note":"\"To dwell/live\"; not to be confused with bo, \"nest\"."},{"surface":"kvar","lemma":"kvar","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on bo","gloss":"still there"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dalen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"dalen","lemma":"dal","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of bo","gloss":"valley"}]},{"number":10,"label":"","id":"ch38-p3-s3","source":"Vildgässen å sin sida hade inte så liten nytta av örnarna.","translation":"The wild geese, for their part, had no small benefit from the eagles.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässen","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"the wild geese"},{"surface":"å","lemma":"å","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies Vildgässen","gloss":"for","note":"Mostly used as the noun for a small river (Ronneby å); the idiom fara å färde 'be afoot/underway' is an old prepositional use."},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase å","gloss":"for their part"},{"surface":"sida","lemma":"sida","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase å","gloss":"for their part"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies hade","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies liten","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"liten","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies nytta","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"nytta","lemma":"nytta","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"use"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking örnarna","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"örnarna","lemma":"örn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies nytta","gloss":"eagles"}]},{"number":11,"label":"","id":"ch38-p3-s4","source":"Rövare voro de, men de höllo andra rövare på avstånd.","translation":"Robbers they were, but they kept other robbers at a distance.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"höllo","title":"Archaic plural preterite","body":"«höllo» is the pre-reform plural preterite of «hålla» ('to hold/keep'); paired with «voro» earlier in the sentence. Modern Swedish would write «höll» regardless of number — both forms mark this as pre-1906-spelling-reform literary Swedish."}],"words":[{"surface":"Rövare","lemma":"Rövare","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"depends on voro","gloss":"robbers"},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of voro","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of höllo","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"höllo","lemma":"höllo","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with voro","gloss":"kept"},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies rövare","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"rövare","lemma":"rövare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of höllo","gloss":"robbers"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking avstånd","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"avstånd","lemma":"avstånd","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of höllo","gloss":"distance"}]},{"number":12,"label":"4","id":"ch38-p4-s1","source":"Ett par år före det, då Nils Holgersson drog omkring med vildgässen, stod den gamla förargåsen Akka från Kebnekajse en morgon på bottnen av fjälldalen och såg upp till örnnästet.","translation":"A couple of years before Nils Holgersson went roaming about with the wild geese, old Akka the leader-goose from Kebnekaise stood one morning at the bottom of the mountain valley and looked up at the eagle's nest.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"förargåsen","title":"Leader-goose","body":"«förargås» (literally 'fore-goose') names the goose that leads the flock's formation — Akka's role among the wild geese. «För-» here is the directional prefix 'fore/lead', not the preposition 'for'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of par","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"par","lemma":"par","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies år","gloss":"couple"},{"surface":"år","lemma":"år","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of det","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"före","lemma":"före","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking det","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of stod","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of drog","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"Nils","lemma":"Nils","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of drog","gloss":"Nils"},{"surface":"Holgersson","lemma":"Holgersson","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"depends on Nils","gloss":"Holgersson"},{"surface":"drog","lemma":"dra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on det","gloss":"pulled"},{"surface":"omkring","lemma":"omkring","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies drog","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vildgässen","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of drog","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"stod","lemma":"stå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of förargåsen","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gamla","lemma":"gammal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies förargåsen","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"förargåsen","lemma":"förargås","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Akka","gloss":"lead goose"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of stod","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"från","lemma":"från","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Kebnekajse","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"Kebnekajse","lemma":"Kebnekajse","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stod","gloss":"Kebnekaise","note":"Mountain in Lapland; Akka's epithet 'from Kebnekajse.'"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of morgon","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"morgon","lemma":"morgon","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of stod","gloss":"morning"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bottnen","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"bottnen","lemma":"bottn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stod","gloss":"bottom"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fjälldalen","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"fjälldalen","lemma":"fjälldal","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies bottnen","gloss":"mountain valley"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"såg","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with stod","gloss":"saw","note":"past tense of se, 'to see.'"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on såg","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking örnnästet","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"örnnästet","lemma":"örnnäste","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of såg","gloss":"eagle's nest"}]},{"number":13,"label":"","id":"ch38-p4-s2","source":"Örnarna brukade draga ut på jakt en stund efter soluppgången, och under alla de somrar, som Akka hade bott i dalen, hade hon varje morgon på detta sätt väntat på deras utfärd för att se, om de skulle stanna i dalen och jaga där, eller om de skulle flyga bort till andra jaktmarker.","translation":"The eagles used to go out hunting a while after sunrise, and through all the summers Akka had lived in the valley, she had every morning waited in this way for their departure, to see whether they would stay in the valley and hunt there, or fly off to other hunting grounds.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Örnarna","lemma":"Örnarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of brukade","gloss":"the eagles"},{"surface":"brukade","lemma":"bruka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"used to"},{"surface":"draga","lemma":"draga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of brukade","gloss":"go","note":"Archaic form of 'dra'."},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on draga","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking jakt","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"jakt","lemma":"jakt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of draga","gloss":"hunting"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of stund","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stund","lemma":"stund","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies jakt","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking soluppgången","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"soluppgången","lemma":"soluppgång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of draga","gloss":"sunrise"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"under","lemma":"under","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking somrar","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of somrar","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of somrar","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"somrar","lemma":"somer","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with brukade","gloss":"summers"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of passive Akka","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"relative clause on somrar","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of bott","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"bott","lemma":"bott","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"relative clause on somrar","gloss":"lived"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dalen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"dalen","lemma":"dal","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of bott","gloss":"valley"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with brukade","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"varje","lemma":"varje","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of morgon","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"morgon","lemma":"morgon","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"morning"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sätt","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of sätt","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"sätt","lemma":"sätt","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of hade","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"väntat","lemma":"väntaa","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"clause modifying sätt","gloss":"waited","note":"Supine of 'vänta': 'väntat' = 'expected' in most tokens but 'väntat på svar' = 'had been waiting for an answer' — genuinely polysemous (expect vs. wait)."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking utfärd","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"deras","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of utfärd","gloss":"their","note":"possessive form deras of the plural pronoun de."},{"surface":"utfärd","lemma":"utfärd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of väntat","gloss":"outing"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on väntat","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of stanna","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of stanna","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of stanna","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"stanna","lemma":"stanna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of se","gloss":"stay"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dalen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"dalen","lemma":"dal","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stanna","gloss":"valley"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"jaga","lemma":"jaga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with stanna","gloss":"to hunt"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies jaga","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of flyga","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of flyga","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of flyga","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"flyga","lemma":"flyga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with stanna","gloss":"fly"},{"surface":"bort","lemma":"bort","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies flyga","gloss":"away"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking jaktmarker","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies jaktmarker","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"jaktmarker","lemma":"jaktmark","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of flyga","gloss":"hunting grounds"}]},{"number":14,"label":"5","id":"ch38-p5-s1","source":"Hon behövde inte vänta länge, förrän de båda ståtliga fåglarna lämnade klipphyllan.","translation":"She did not need to wait long before the two stately birds left the rock shelf.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vänta","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"behövde","lemma":"behöva","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of vänta","gloss":"needed to"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies vänta","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"vänta","lemma":"vänta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to wait"},{"surface":"länge","lemma":"länge","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vänta","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"förrän","lemma":"förrän","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fåglarna","gloss":"before","note":"used with a preceding negative to mean 'no sooner than'."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of fåglarna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"båda","lemma":"båda","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies fåglarna","gloss":"both"},{"surface":"ståtliga","lemma":"ståtlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies fåglarna","gloss":"stately"},{"surface":"fåglarna","lemma":"fåglarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of lämnade","gloss":"the birds"},{"surface":"lämnade","lemma":"lämna","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to vänta","gloss":"left"},{"surface":"klipphyllan","lemma":"klipphylla","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of lämnade","gloss":"rock shelf"}]},{"number":15,"label":"","id":"ch38-p5-s2","source":"Sköna, men fruktansvärda svävade de ut i luften.","translation":"Beautiful, but fearsome, they floated out into the air.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sköna","lemma":"Sköna","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"beautiful"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"fruktansvärda","lemma":"fruktansvärd","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"subject of svävade","gloss":"terrible"},{"surface":"svävade","lemma":"sväva","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with Sköna","gloss":"hovered"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of svävade","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on svävade","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking luften","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"luften","lemma":"luft","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ut","gloss":"air"}]},{"number":16,"label":"","id":"ch38-p5-s3","source":"De ställde kosan neråt slättlandet, och Akka uppgav en suck av lättnad.","translation":"They set their course down toward the lowlands, and Akka let out a sigh of relief.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of ställde","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"ställde","lemma":"ställa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"set"},{"surface":"kosan","lemma":"kosa","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ställde","gloss":"course","note":"'styra kosan' = 'to head/make one's way'."},{"surface":"neråt","lemma":"neråt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ställde","gloss":"downward"},{"surface":"slättlandet","lemma":"slättlande","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of ställde","gloss":"the lowlands"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with slättlandet","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"uppgav","lemma":"uppge","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to ställde","gloss":"let out (a cry)"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of suck","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"suck","lemma":"suck","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of uppgav","gloss":"sigh"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lättnad","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"lättnad","lemma":"lättnad","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies suck","gloss":"relief"}]},{"number":17,"label":"6","id":"ch38-p6-s1","source":"Den gamla förargåsen hade slutat att lägga ägg och föda upp ungar och brukade om somrarna fördriva tiden med att gå från det ena gåsredet till det andra och ge råd om ruvningen och skötseln av ungarna.","translation":"The old leader-goose had stopped laying eggs and raising young, and during the summers she used to pass the time going from one goose-nest to another, giving advice on brooding and the care of the young.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"brukade","title":"«bruka» + infinitive = 'used to'","body":"«brukade» (past tense of «bruka») plus an infinitive expresses a habitual past action: «brukade fördriva tiden» = 'used to pass the time'. It is one of the most common ways Swedish narrates a repeated custom."}],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of förargåsen","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gamla","lemma":"gammal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies förargåsen","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"förargåsen","lemma":"förargås","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of slutat","gloss":"lead goose"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of slutat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"slutat","lemma":"sluta","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stopped"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of lägga","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"lägga","lemma":"lägga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of slutat","gloss":"to lay/put"},{"surface":"ägg","lemma":"ägg","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of lägga","gloss":"egg"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"föda","lemma":"föda","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with lägga","gloss":"raising"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on föda","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"ungar","lemma":"unge","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of föda","gloss":"young"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"brukade","lemma":"bruka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with lägga","gloss":"used to"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking somrarna","gloss":"during"},{"surface":"somrarna","lemma":"somr","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of brukade","gloss":"the summers","note":"Lemma is truncated; the word is 'sommar' (summer)."},{"surface":"fördriva","lemma":"fördriva","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of slutat","gloss":"pass"},{"surface":"tiden","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of fördriva","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of gå","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of gå","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"gå","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on fördriva","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"från","lemma":"från","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gåsredet","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of gåsredet","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ena","lemma":"ena","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies gåsredet","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"gåsredet","lemma":"gåsred","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of gå","gloss":"the goose nest"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking andra","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of andra","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"oblique complement of gå","gloss":"others"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ge","lemma":"ge","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with gå","gloss":"to give"},{"surface":"råd","lemma":"råd","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of ge","gloss":"advice"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ruvningen","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"ruvningen","lemma":"ruvning","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ge","gloss":"brooding"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"skötseln","lemma":"skötsel","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with ruvningen","gloss":"care"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ungarna","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"ungarna","lemma":"unge","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies skötseln","gloss":"young"}]},{"number":18,"label":"","id":"ch38-p6-s2","source":"Dessutom höll hon utkik inte bara efter örnarna, utan också efter fjällrävar, ugglor och alla andra fiender, som kunde tänkas hota vildgässen och deras ungar.","translation":"Besides that she kept watch, not only for the eagles, but also for arctic foxes, owls, and all the other enemies that might threaten the wild geese and their young.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dessutom","lemma":"dessutom","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies höll","gloss":"besides"},{"surface":"höll","lemma":"hålla","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"kept watch"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of höll","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"utkik","lemma":"utkik","morphology":"verb, present, indicative","role":"direct object of höll","gloss":"watch"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies utkik","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"bara","lemma":"bara","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies utkik","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking örnarna","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"örnarna","lemma":"örn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of utkik","gloss":"eagles"},{"surface":"utan","lemma":"utan","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but rather","note":"follows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened."},{"surface":"också","lemma":"också","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fjällrävar","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fjällrävar","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"fjällrävar","lemma":"fjällräv","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with höll","gloss":"Arctic foxes"},{"surface":"ugglor","lemma":"uggla","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with fjällrävar","gloss":"owls"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of fiender","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies fiender","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"fiender","lemma":"fiende","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with fjällrävar","gloss":"enemies"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of hota","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of hota","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"tänkas","lemma":"tänka","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of hota","gloss":"might"},{"surface":"hota","lemma":"hota","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"relative clause on fiender","gloss":"threaten"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of hota","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"deras","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of ungar","gloss":"their","note":"possessive form deras of the plural pronoun de."},{"surface":"ungar","lemma":"unge","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with vildgässen","gloss":"young"}]},{"number":19,"label":"7","id":"ch38-p7-s1","source":"Vid middagstiden började Akka på nytt spana efter örnarna.","translation":"At midday Akka again began to watch for the eagles.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking middagstiden","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"middagstiden","lemma":"middagstid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of började","gloss":"midday"},{"surface":"började","lemma":"börja","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"began"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of började","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking spana","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"nytt","lemma":"ny","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies spana","gloss":"new"},{"surface":"spana","lemma":"spana","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"oblique complement of började","gloss":"watch for"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking örnarna","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"örnarna","lemma":"örnarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of spana","gloss":"the eagles"}]},{"number":20,"label":"","id":"ch38-p7-s2","source":"På samma sätt hade hon gjort varje dag under alla de somrar, som hon hade bott i dalen.","translation":"She had done the same thing every day through all the summers she had lived in the valley.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"hade hon gjort","title":"V2 word order: verb-second","body":"Swedish is a strict verb-second (V2) language: whatever element is fronted, the finite verb must come second. Here the adverbial «På samma sätt» is fronted, forcing subject-verb inversion: «hade hon gjort» (verb-subject), not the English-like «hon hade gjort»."}],"words":[{"surface":"På","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sätt","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"samma","lemma":"samma","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of sätt","gloss":"the same"},{"surface":"sätt","lemma":"sätt","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of gjort","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gjort","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjort","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"gjort","lemma":"göra","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"done"},{"surface":"varje","lemma":"varje","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of dag","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"dag","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of gjort","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"under","lemma":"under","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking somrar","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of somrar","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of somrar","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"somrar","lemma":"somer","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of gjort","gloss":"summers"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of bott","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bott","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of bott","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"bott","lemma":"bott","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"relative clause on somrar","gloss":"lived"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dalen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"dalen","lemma":"dal","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of bott","gloss":"valley"}]},{"number":21,"label":"","id":"ch38-p7-s3","source":"Hon såg genast på deras flykt om de hade haft en god jakt, och hon kände sig då trygg för dem, som hörde henne till.","translation":"She could tell at once from their flight whether they had had a good hunt, and she then felt safe for those that belonged to her.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"såg","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"saw","note":"past tense of se, 'to see.'"},{"surface":"genast","lemma":"genast","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies såg","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking flykt","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"deras","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of flykt","gloss":"their","note":"possessive form deras of the plural pronoun de."},{"surface":"flykt","lemma":"flykt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of såg","gloss":"flight"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of haft","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of haft","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of haft","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"haft","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on såg","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of jakt","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"god","lemma":"god","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies jakt","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"jakt","lemma":"jakt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of haft","gloss":"hunt"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kände","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"kände","lemma":"kände","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with såg","gloss":"felt"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of kände","gloss":"herself"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies trygg","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"trygg","lemma":"trygg","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of kände","gloss":"safe"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"oblique complement of trygg","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of hörde","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"hörde","lemma":"höra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on dem","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"henne","lemma":"henne","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of hörde","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hörde","gloss":"belonged to"}]},{"number":22,"label":"","id":"ch38-p7-s4","source":"Men denna dagen såg hon inte örnarna vända tillbaka.","translation":"But this day she did not see the eagles come back.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"denna","lemma":"denna","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of dagen","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"dagen","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of såg","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"såg","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"saw","note":"past tense of se, 'to see.'"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies såg","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"örnarna","lemma":"örnarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of vända","gloss":"the eagles"},{"surface":"vända","lemma":"vända","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of såg","gloss":"to turn"},{"surface":"tillbaka","lemma":"tillbaka","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on vända","gloss":"back"}]},{"number":23,"label":"","id":"ch38-p7-s5","source":"»Jag måtte ha blivit gammal och slö,» tänkte hon, när hon hade väntat på dem en stund.","translation":"»I must have grown old and dull-witted,» she thought, when she had waited for them a while.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blivit","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"måtte","lemma":"måtte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies blivit","gloss":"must","note":"Modal particle expressing a confident inference (must have) or, rarely, a wish (may)."},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of blivit","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"blivit","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"gammal","lemma":"gammal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of blivit","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"slö","lemma":"slö","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with gammal","gloss":"dull-witted"},{"surface":"tänkte","lemma":"tänka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with gammal","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tänkte","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of väntat","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of väntat","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of väntat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"väntat","lemma":"väntaa","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on tänkte","gloss":"waited","note":"Supine of 'vänta': 'väntat' = 'expected' in most tokens but 'väntat på svar' = 'had been waiting for an answer' — genuinely polysemous (expect vs. wait)."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"oblique complement of väntat","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of stund","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stund","lemma":"stund","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of väntat","gloss":"while"}]},{"number":24,"label":"","id":"ch38-p7-s6","source":"»Nu måste ju örnarna vara hemkomna för längesedan.»","translation":"»By now the eagles must surely be home long since.»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hemkomna","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"måste","lemma":"måste","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of hemkomna","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"ju","lemma":"ju","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hemkomna","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"örnarna","lemma":"örnarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of hemkomna","gloss":"the eagles"},{"surface":"vara","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to hemkomna","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"hemkomna","lemma":"hemkomna","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"home"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking längesedan","gloss":"ago"},{"surface":"längesedan","lemma":"längesedan","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hemkomna","gloss":"long ago"}]},{"number":25,"label":"8","id":"ch38-p8-s1","source":"Hon såg uppåt bergväggen på eftermiddagen och väntade att få se örnarna på det vassa utsprånget, där de brukade sitta och taga sin middagsvila, och hon försökte att få syn på dem mot kvällen, när de skulle bada i fjällsjön, men hon förfelade dem på nytt.","translation":"She looked up at the cliff face in the afternoon and expected to see the eagles on the sharp outcrop where they used to sit and take their midday rest, and she tried to catch sight of them toward evening, when they were to bathe in the mountain lake, but again she failed to find them.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"såg","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"saw","note":"past tense of se, 'to see.'"},{"surface":"uppåt","lemma":"uppåt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies såg","gloss":"upward"},{"surface":"bergväggen","lemma":"bergvägg","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of såg","gloss":"the rock wall"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking eftermiddagen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"eftermiddagen","lemma":"eftermiddag","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of såg","gloss":"afternoon"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"väntade","lemma":"vänta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with såg","gloss":"expected"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"få","lemma":"få","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of se","gloss":"get to"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of väntade","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"örnarna","lemma":"örnarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of se","gloss":"the eagles"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking utsprånget","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of utsprånget","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"vassa","lemma":"vass","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies utsprånget","gloss":"sharp"},{"surface":"utsprånget","lemma":"utsprång","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of se","gloss":"the outcrop"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies brukade","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of brukade","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"brukade","lemma":"bruka","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"relative clause on utsprånget","gloss":"usually did","note":"Backbone tags this as an adjective, but the surface (brukade) is the past tense of bruka, 'to usually do'."},{"surface":"sitta","lemma":"sitta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of se","gloss":"to sit"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"taga","lemma":"taga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with sitta","gloss":"take","note":"Older spelling of 'ta' (to take)."},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of middagsvila","gloss":"their own"},{"surface":"middagsvila","lemma":"middagsvila","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of taga","gloss":"midday rest"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of försökte","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"försökte","lemma":"försöka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with såg","gloss":"tried"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of få","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"få","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on försökte","gloss":"catch sight of"},{"surface":"syn","lemma":"syn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of få","gloss":"sight"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"oblique complement of få","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking kvällen","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"kvällen","lemma":"kväll","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of få","gloss":"evening"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of bada","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of bada","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of bada","gloss":"were to"},{"surface":"bada","lemma":"bada","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on få","gloss":"bathe"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fjällsjön","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"fjällsjön","lemma":"fjällsjön","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of bada","gloss":"the mountain lake"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of förfelade","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"förfelade","lemma":"förfela","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with bada","gloss":"missed"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of förfelade","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nytt","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"nytt","lemma":"ny","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of förfelade","gloss":"new"}]},{"number":26,"label":"","id":"ch38-p8-s2","source":"Återigen jämrade hon sig över att hon hade blivit gammal.","translation":"Again she lamented that she had grown old.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Återigen","lemma":"Återigen","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies jämrade","gloss":"again","note":"Actually the adverb 'Återigen', mistagged as a noun."},{"surface":"jämrade","lemma":"jämra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"moaned"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of jämrade","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of jämrade","gloss":"herself"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of blivit","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of blivit","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blivit","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of blivit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"blivit","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on jämrade","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"gammal","lemma":"gammal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of blivit","gloss":"old"}]},{"number":27,"label":"","id":"ch38-p8-s3","source":"Hon var så van, att örnarna skulle hålla till på berget ovanför henne, att hon inte kunde tänka sig möjligheten av att de inte hade kommit tillbaka dit.","translation":"She was so used to the eagles keeping to the mountain above her that she could not imagine the possibility that they had not come back there.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of van","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to van","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies van","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"van","lemma":"van","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"used to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hålla","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"örnarna","lemma":"örnarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of hålla","gloss":"the eagles"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of hålla","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"hålla","lemma":"hålla","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on van","gloss":"to keep to"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on hålla","gloss":"staying"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking berget","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"berget","lemma":"berg","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of henne","gloss":"mountain"},{"surface":"ovanför","lemma":"ovanför","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies henne","gloss":"above"},{"surface":"henne","lemma":"henne","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of hålla","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tänka","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tänka","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies tänka","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tänka","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"tänka","lemma":"tänka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of hålla","gloss":"to think"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"indirect object of tänka","gloss":"herself"},{"surface":"möjligheten","lemma":"möjlighet","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tänka","gloss":"possibility"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of kommit","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kommit","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of kommit","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies kommit","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of kommit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"kommit","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"clause modifying möjligheten","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"tillbaka","lemma":"tillbaka","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kommit","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"dit","lemma":"dit","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kommit","gloss":"there"}]},{"number":28,"label":"9","id":"ch38-p9-s1","source":"Nästa morgon var Akka vaken i god tid för att spana efter örnarna.","translation":"The next morning Akka was awake in good time to watch for the eagles.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nästa","lemma":"nästa","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies morgon","gloss":"next"},{"surface":"morgon","lemma":"morgon","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of Akka","gloss":"morning"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"introduces the clause of Akka","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"vaken","lemma":"vak","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Akka","gloss":"awake","note":"All four examples in this chunk use \"vaken\" as the adjective (awake), not the noun \"vak\" (ice-hole); the primary gloss should be \"awake\" here, though the ice-hole noun sense also occurs elsewhere in the book under this same conflated surface."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tid","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"god","lemma":"god","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies tid","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"tid","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of Akka","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of spana","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of spana","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"spana","lemma":"spana","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on Akka","gloss":"watch for"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking örnarna","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"örnarna","lemma":"örnarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of spana","gloss":"the eagles"}]},{"number":29,"label":"","id":"ch38-p9-s2","source":"Men inte heller nu såg hon dem.","translation":"But this time too she did not see them.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies såg","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"heller","lemma":"heller","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies såg","gloss":"either"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies såg","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"såg","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"saw","note":"past tense of se, 'to see.'"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of såg","gloss":"them"}]},{"number":30,"label":"","id":"ch38-p9-s3","source":"Däremot hörde hon i morgonstillheten ett skrik, som ljöd både argt och jämmerligt och tycktes komma från örnnästet.","translation":"Instead, in the morning stillness, she heard a cry that sounded both angry and pitiful and seemed to come from the eagle's nest.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Däremot","lemma":"däremot","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hörde","gloss":"on the other hand"},{"surface":"hörde","lemma":"hörde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hörde","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking morgonstillheten","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"morgonstillheten","lemma":"morgonstillhet","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of hörde","gloss":"morning stillness"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of skrik","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"skrik","lemma":"skrik","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of hörde","gloss":"cry"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of ljöd","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"ljöd","lemma":"ljöd","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on skrik","gloss":"rang out"},{"surface":"både","lemma":"både","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"both"},{"surface":"argt","lemma":"argt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"complement of ljöd","gloss":"angry"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"jämmerligt","lemma":"jämmerlig","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with argt","gloss":"pitifully"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tycktes","lemma":"tycktes","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with ljöd","gloss":"seemed to"},{"surface":"komma","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of tycktes","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"från","lemma":"från","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking örnnästet","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"örnnästet","lemma":"örnnäste","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of komma","gloss":"eagle's nest"}]},{"number":31,"label":"","id":"ch38-p9-s4","source":"»Kan det verkligen vara något på tok däroppe hos örnarna?» tänkte hon.","translation":"»Can something really be wrong up there with the eagles?» she thought.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of något","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with något","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"verkligen","lemma":"verkligen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies något","gloss":"really"},{"surface":"vara","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to något","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"något","lemma":"någon","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"something"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking däroppe","gloss":"off"},{"surface":"tok","lemma":"tok","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase på","gloss":"wrong"},{"surface":"däroppe","lemma":"däroppe","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies något","gloss":"up there"},{"surface":"hos","lemma":"hos","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking örnarna","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"örnarna","lemma":"örnarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of något","gloss":"the eagles"},{"surface":"tänkte","lemma":"tänka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tänkte","gloss":"she"}]},{"number":32,"label":"","id":"ch38-p9-s5","source":"Hon lyfte raskt och steg så högt, att hon kunde se ner i örnboet.","translation":"She rose swiftly and climbed so high that she could see down into the eagle's nest.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lyfte","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"lyfte","lemma":"lyfa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lifted"},{"surface":"raskt","lemma":"rask","morphology":"adverb","role":"direct object of lyfte","gloss":"briskly"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"steg","lemma":"steg","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"coordinated with raskt","gloss":"rose","note":"The backbone tags this as imperative, but every example is past tense of stiga (to step/rise), not an imperative."},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies högt","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"högt","lemma":"hög","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies lyfte","gloss":"high"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of se","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of se","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on lyfte","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on se","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking örnboet","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"örnboet","lemma":"örnboet","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of se","gloss":"the eagle's nest"}]},{"number":33,"label":"10","id":"ch38-p10-s1","source":"Däruppe såg hon varken honörn eller hannörn.","translation":"Up there she saw neither the hen eagle nor the cock eagle.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Däruppe","lemma":"däruppe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"up there"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"saw"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"varken","lemma":"varken","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"neither"},{"surface":"honörn","lemma":"honörn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with såg","gloss":"female eagle"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"hannörn","lemma":"hannörn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with honörn","gloss":"male eagle"}]},{"number":34,"label":"","id":"ch38-p10-s2","source":"I hela boet fanns ingen annan än en halvnaken unge, som låg och skrek efter mat.","translation":"In the whole nest there was no one but a half-naked chick, lying there screaming for food.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"I","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking boet","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"hela","lemma":"hel","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies boet","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"boet","lemma":"bo","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of fanns","gloss":"the nest"},{"surface":"fanns","lemma":"finnas","morphology":"verb, past, indicative","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"there was","note":"existential verb; fanns = 'there was/were, existed.'"},{"surface":"ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of annan","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"annan","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of fanns","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of unge","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of unge","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"halvnaken","lemma":"halvnaken","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies unge","gloss":"half-naked"},{"surface":"unge","lemma":"ung","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clause modifying annan","gloss":"young one/cub"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of låg","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"låg","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"relative clause on unge","gloss":"lay","note":"mistagged as adjective; the surface 'låg' here is the past tense of ligga 'to lie', not the unrelated adjective låg 'low'."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"skrek","lemma":"skrek","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with låg","gloss":"shrieked"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mat","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"mat","lemma":"mat","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of låg","gloss":"food"}]},{"number":35,"label":"11","id":"ch38-p11-s1","source":"Akka sänkte sig långsamt och tvekande ner mot örnnästet.","translation":"Akka lowered herself slowly and hesitantly toward the eagle's nest.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of sänkte","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"sänkte","lemma":"sänka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lowered"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of sänkte","gloss":"herself"},{"surface":"långsamt","lemma":"långsam","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sänkte","gloss":"slowly"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tvekande","lemma":"tvekande","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"coordinated with långsamt","gloss":"hesitantly"},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sänkte","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking örnnästet","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"örnnästet","lemma":"örnnäste","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of ner","gloss":"eagle's nest"}]},{"number":36,"label":"","id":"ch38-p11-s2","source":"Det var en hemsk plats att komma till.","translation":"It was a gruesome place to arrive at.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with plats","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to plats","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of plats","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"hemsk","lemma":"hemsk","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies plats","gloss":"gruesome"},{"surface":"plats","lemma":"plats","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of komma","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"komma","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clause modifying plats","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on komma","gloss":"to"}]},{"number":37,"label":"","id":"ch38-p11-s3","source":"Det märktes vad det var för ett rövarfölje, som höll till där.","translation":"One could tell what sort of band of robbers made their home there.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with märktes","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"märktes","lemma":"märktes","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was evident"},{"surface":"vad","lemma":"vad","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of rövarfölje","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of rövarfölje","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to rövarfölje","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rövarfölje","gloss":"kind of"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of rövarfölje","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"rövarfölje","lemma":"rövarfölje","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"clausal complement of märktes","gloss":"band of robbers"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of höll","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"höll","lemma":"hålla","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on rövarfölje","gloss":"made their home"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on höll","gloss":"made their home"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies höll","gloss":"there"}]},{"number":38,"label":"","id":"ch38-p11-s4","source":"I boet och på klipphyllan lågo vitnade ben, blodiga fjädrar och skinnflikar, harhuvuden, fågelnäbbar och fjäderklädda ripfötter.","translation":"In the nest and on the rock shelf lay bleached bones, bloody feathers and strips of skin, hares' heads, birds' beaks, and feathered grouse-feet.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"I","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking boet","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"boet","lemma":"bo","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"the nest"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lågo","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"klipphyllan","lemma":"klipphylla","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies lågo","gloss":"rock shelf"},{"surface":"lågo","lemma":"lågo","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies ben","gloss":"lay","note":"Past plural of 'ligga' (to lie); mistagged as a noun. Lemma should be 'ligga'."},{"surface":"vitnade","lemma":"vitnad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies ben","gloss":"bleached"},{"surface":"ben","lemma":"ben","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"coordinated with boet","gloss":"legs"},{"surface":"blodiga","lemma":"blodig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies fjädrar","gloss":"bloody"},{"surface":"fjädrar","lemma":"fjäder","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with boet","gloss":"feathers"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"skinnflikar","lemma":"skinnflik","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with fjädrar","gloss":"strips of skin"},{"surface":"harhuvuden","lemma":"harhuvuden","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"coordinated with boet","gloss":"hares' heads"},{"surface":"fågelnäbbar","lemma":"fågelnäbbar","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with boet","gloss":"birds' beaks"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fjäderklädda","lemma":"fjäderklädda","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies ripfötter","gloss":"feathered"},{"surface":"ripfötter","lemma":"ripfött","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with boet","gloss":"ptarmigan feet"}]},{"number":39,"label":"","id":"ch38-p11-s5","source":"Också örnungen, som låg mitt i allt detta, var motbjudande att skåda med sitt stora, gapande näbb, sin klumpiga, dunklädda kropp och sina ofärdiga vingar, där de blivande pennfjädrarna stucko fram som taggar.","translation":"The eaglet too, lying in the midst of all this, was repulsive to look at, with its great gaping beak, its clumsy down-covered body, and its unfinished wings, where the coming quill-feathers stuck out like spikes.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Också","lemma":"också","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies örnungen","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"örnungen","lemma":"örnung","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"the eaglet"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"subject of låg","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"låg","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on örnungen","gloss":"lay"},{"surface":"mitt","lemma":"mitt","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on låg","gloss":"in the middle"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking detta","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"allt","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of detta","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of låg","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to motbjudande","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"motbjudande","lemma":"motbjudande","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"in apposition to örnungen","gloss":"repulsive"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of skåda","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"skåda","lemma":"skåda","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on motbjudande","gloss":"behold"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking näbb","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sitt","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of stora","gloss":"his own","note":"possessive reflexive sitt, agreeing with a neuter noun."},{"surface":"stora","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies näbb","gloss":"big","note":"weak/definite form (stora), used with a singular definite noun, e.g. den stora länstolen."},{"surface":"gapande","lemma":"gapande","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"coordinated with stora","gloss":"gaping"},{"surface":"näbb","lemma":"näbb","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of skåda","gloss":"beak"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of kropp","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"klumpiga","lemma":"klumpig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies kropp","gloss":"clumsy"},{"surface":"dunklädda","lemma":"dunkläda","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with klumpiga","gloss":"down-covered"},{"surface":"kropp","lemma":"kropp","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with näbb","gloss":"body"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sina","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"possessor of vingar","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"ofärdiga","lemma":"ofärdig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies vingar","gloss":"unfinished"},{"surface":"vingar","lemma":"ving","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with kropp","gloss":"wings"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stucko","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of pennfjädrarna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"blivande","lemma":"blivande","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies pennfjädrarna","gloss":"future"},{"surface":"pennfjädrarna","lemma":"pennfjädrarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"part of the phrase där","gloss":"the quill-feathers"},{"surface":"stucko","lemma":"stucko","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kropp","gloss":"stuck","note":"Tagged as an adverb but is 'stucko', past tense plural of 'sticka', stuck out."},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with motbjudande","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking taggar","gloss":"like","note":"Functions as relative pronoun/conjunction, not a true preposition."},{"surface":"taggar","lemma":"tagg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of fram","gloss":"spikes"}]},{"number":40,"label":"12","id":"ch38-p12-s1","source":"Till sist övervann Akka sin motvilja och slog ner på bokanten, men hon såg sig på samma gång oroligt omkring åt alla håll, för hon väntade i varje ögonblick, att de gamla örnarna skulle vända om hem.","translation":"At last Akka overcame her reluctance and came down onto the edge of the nest, but at the same time she looked anxiously about in every direction, for she expected at every moment that the old eagles would come back home.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies Akka","gloss":"at last"},{"surface":"sist","lemma":"sist","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase Till","gloss":"last"},{"surface":"övervann","lemma":"övervann","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"part of the phrase Till","gloss":"overcame"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of motvilja","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"motvilja","lemma":"motvilja","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of Akka","gloss":"reluctance"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"slog","lemma":"slå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with Akka","gloss":"came down","note":"Light verb whose sense shifts with its particle (slog upp/ihop/omkull/sig ner)."},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on slog","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bokanten","gloss":"onto"},{"surface":"bokanten","lemma":"bokant","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of slog","gloss":"the nest edge"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"såg","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with Akka","gloss":"saw","note":"past tense of se, 'to see.'"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of såg","gloss":"herself"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gång","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"samma","lemma":"samma","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of gång","gloss":"the same"},{"surface":"gång","lemma":"gång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of såg","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"oroligt","lemma":"orolig","morphology":"adverb","role":"complement of såg","gloss":"anxiously"},{"surface":"omkring","lemma":"omkring","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies håll","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"åt","lemma":"åt","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking håll","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of håll","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"håll","lemma":"håll","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of oroligt","gloss":"directions"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of väntade","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of väntade","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"väntade","lemma":"vänta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on såg","gloss":"expected"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ögonblick","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"varje","lemma":"varje","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of ögonblick","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"ögonblick","lemma":"ögonblick","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of väntade","gloss":"moment"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vända","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of örnarna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"gamla","lemma":"gammal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies örnarna","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"örnarna","lemma":"örnarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of vända","gloss":"the eagles"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of vända","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"vända","lemma":"vända","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clause modifying ögonblick","gloss":"to turn"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on vända","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"hem","lemma":"hem","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vända","gloss":"home"}]},{"number":41,"label":"13","id":"ch38-p13-s1","source":"»Det var då väl, att det äntligen kommer någon,» ropade örnungen.","translation":"»Well, it's about time someone finally came,» cried the eaglet.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"väl","lemma":"väl","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kommer","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with kommer","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"äntligen","lemma":"äntligen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kommer","gloss":"finally"},{"surface":"kommer","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of var","gloss":"comes"},{"surface":"någon","lemma":"någon","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ropade","gloss":"someone"},{"surface":"ropade","lemma":"ropa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"modifies örnungen","gloss":"called out"},{"surface":"örnungen","lemma":"örnung","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with var","gloss":"the eaglet"}]},{"number":42,"label":"","id":"ch38-p13-s2","source":"»Skaffa genast hit mat åt mig!»","translation":"»Get me some food this instant!»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Skaffa","lemma":"skaffa","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"get"},{"surface":"genast","lemma":"genast","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Skaffa","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"hit","lemma":"hit","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Skaffa","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"mat","lemma":"mat","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of Skaffa","gloss":"food"},{"surface":"åt","lemma":"åt","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mig","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of Skaffa","gloss":"me"}]},{"number":43,"label":"14","id":"ch38-p14-s1","source":"»Nå nå, ha inte så bråttom!» sade Akka.","translation":"»Now, now, don't be in such a hurry!» said Akka.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nå","lemma":"Nå","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies nå","gloss":"now, now"},{"surface":"nå","lemma":"nå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to reach"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of bråttom","gloss":"to have"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies bråttom","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bråttom","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"bråttom","lemma":"bråttom","morphology":"adverb","role":"parallel clause to nå","gloss":"in a hurry"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to nå","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"direct object of sade","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."}]},{"number":44,"label":"","id":"ch38-p14-s2","source":"»Tala först om för mig var far och mor håller till!»","translation":"»First tell me where your father and mother are keeping themselves!»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tala","lemma":"Tala","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"subject of far","gloss":"tell","note":"Imperative of 'tala' (to speak/tell), mistagged as a numeral."},{"surface":"först","lemma":"först","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Tala","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Tala","gloss":"tell"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mig","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of Tala","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to far","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"far","lemma":"far","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of håller","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"mor","lemma":"mor","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with far","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"håller","lemma":"hålla","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"keeps"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on håller","gloss":"are"}]},{"number":45,"label":"15","id":"ch38-p15-s1","source":"»Ja, den som det visste bara!","translation":"»If only I knew that myself!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ja","lemma":"ja","morphology":"interjection","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"yes"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"parallel clause to Ja","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"depends on visste","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with visste","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"visste","lemma":"visste","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"bara","lemma":"bara","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies visste","gloss":"just"}]},{"number":46,"label":"","id":"ch38-p15-s2","source":"De for sin väg i går morse och lämnade mig en fjällämmel att leva av, medan de var borta.","translation":"They went off yesterday morning and left me a mountain lemming to live on while they were gone.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"en","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"determiner of väg","gloss":"they","note":"surfaces are actually the plural pronoun de, not a form of en."},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase De","gloss":"went off","note":"Past tense of fara (to travel/fly, here of tomte-Nils and geese in flight); mistagged as a preposition. Translation renders it \"flew\"/\"passing over\" far more often than \"traveled\"."},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of väg","gloss":"away"},{"surface":"väg","lemma":"väg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies väg","gloss":"yesterday morning"},{"surface":"går","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"part of the phrase i","gloss":"goes"},{"surface":"morse","lemma":"morse","morphology":"noun","role":"depends on går","gloss":"morning","note":"Used only in the fixed phrase 'i morse'/'i går morse', meaning 'this morning'/'yesterday morning'."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lämnade","lemma":"lämna","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with går","gloss":"left"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of lämnade","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of fjällämmel","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"fjällämmel","lemma":"fjällämmel","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of lämnade","gloss":"mountain lemming"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of leva","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"leva","lemma":"leva","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on lämnade","gloss":"to live"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on leva","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"medan","lemma":"medan","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of var","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of var","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on går","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"borta","lemma":"borta","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"gone"}]},{"number":47,"label":"","id":"ch38-p15-s3","source":"Du kan väl begripa, att den är slut för längesedan.","translation":"You can well imagine that it's long since gone.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of begripa","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of begripa","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"väl","lemma":"väl","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies begripa","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"begripa","lemma":"begripa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of slut","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of slut","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to slut","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"slut","lemma":"slut","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"clausal complement of begripa","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking längesedan","gloss":"ago"},{"surface":"längesedan","lemma":"längesedan","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies slut","gloss":"long ago"}]},{"number":48,"label":"","id":"ch38-p15-s4","source":"Det är skamligt av mor att låta mig svälta på det här sättet.»","translation":"It's shameful of mother to let me starve like this.»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with skamligt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to skamligt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"skamligt","lemma":"skamlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"shameful"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mor","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"mor","lemma":"mor","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of skamligt","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of låta","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"låta","lemma":"låta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on skamligt","gloss":"to let"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of låta","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"svälta","lemma":"svälta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of låta","gloss":"to starve"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sättet","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of sättet","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase det","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"sättet","lemma":"sätt","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of svälta","gloss":"way"}]},{"number":49,"label":"16","id":"ch38-p16-s1","source":"Akka började nu tro, att de gamla örnarna verkligen hade blivit skjutna, och hon tänkte på att om hon läte örnungen svälta ihjäl, skulle hon kanske slippa hela rövarföljet för all framtid.","translation":"Akka now began to think that the old eagles really had been shot, and she thought that if she let the eaglet starve to death, she might perhaps be rid of the whole band of robbers for all time.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of började","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"började","lemma":"börja","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"began"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies började","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"tro","lemma":"tro","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of började","gloss":"believe"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of skjutna","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of örnarna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"gamla","lemma":"gammal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies örnarna","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"örnarna","lemma":"örnarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of skjutna","gloss":"the eagles"},{"surface":"verkligen","lemma":"verkligen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies skjutna","gloss":"really"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of skjutna","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"blivit","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"passive auxiliary of skjutna","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"skjutna","lemma":"skjuten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"clausal complement of tro","gloss":"shot"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tänkte","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"tänkte","lemma":"tänka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with skjutna","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of svälta","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of svälta","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of läte","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of läte","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"läte","lemma":"läte","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies örnungen","gloss":"let","note":"Historical past subjunctive of låta, despite the parser's adjective label."},{"surface":"örnungen","lemma":"örnung","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of svälta","gloss":"the eaglet"},{"surface":"svälta","lemma":"svälta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on tänkte","gloss":"to starve"},{"surface":"ihjäl","lemma":"ihjäl","morphology":"adverb","role":"direct object of svälta","gloss":"to death"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of slippa","gloss":"might"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of slippa","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"kanske","lemma":"kanske","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies slippa","gloss":"perhaps"},{"surface":"slippa","lemma":"slippa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with började","gloss":"be spared/avoid"},{"surface":"hela","lemma":"hel","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies rövarföljet","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"rövarföljet","lemma":"rövarföljet","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of slippa","gloss":"the robber band"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking framtid","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"all","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of framtid","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"framtid","lemma":"framtid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of slippa","gloss":"future"}]},{"number":50,"label":"","id":"ch38-p16-s2","source":"Men på samma gång bar det henne mycket emot att inte bistå en övergiven unge, för så vitt det var henne möjligt.","translation":"But at the same time it went very much against her to refuse aid to an abandoned young one, so far as it lay in her power.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gång","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"samma","lemma":"samma","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of gång","gloss":"the same"},{"surface":"gång","lemma":"gång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of bar","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"bar","lemma":"ba","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"carried","note":"Tagged present tense, but every occurrence is the old preterite of bära (\"carried\"), not the present."},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of bar","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"henne","lemma":"henne","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of bar","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"mycket","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bar","gloss":"very much"},{"surface":"emot","lemma":"emot","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on bar","gloss":"against"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of bistå","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies bistå","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"bistå","lemma":"bistå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on bar","gloss":"to help"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of unge","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"övergiven","lemma":"övergiven","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies unge","gloss":"abandoned"},{"surface":"unge","lemma":"ung","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of bistå","gloss":"young one/cub"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of möjligt","gloss":"as far as"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vitt","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"vitt","lemma":"vi","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"part of the phrase för","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of möjligt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to möjligt","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"henne","lemma":"henne","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase var","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"möjligt","lemma":"möjlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with bar","gloss":"in her power","note":"half the examples (ch01-p27, ch04-p30) use the fixed idiom 'allt möjligt' = 'all sorts of/everything', not the literal 'possible' sense used in the other two."}]},{"number":51,"label":"17","id":"ch38-p17-s1","source":"»Vad sitter du och stirrar efter?» sade örnungen.","translation":"»What are you sitting there staring for?» said the eaglet.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vad","lemma":"vad","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of sitter","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"sitter","lemma":"sitta","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sits"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sitter","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"stirrar","lemma":"stirra","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with sitter","gloss":"stares"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on stirrar","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"sade","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"örnungen","lemma":"örnung","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"the eaglet"}]},{"number":52,"label":"","id":"ch38-p17-s2","source":"»Hörde du inte, att jag vill ha mat?»","translation":"»Didn't you hear that I want food?»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hörde","lemma":"Hörde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Hörde","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies Hörde","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ha","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ha","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"vill","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ha","gloss":"want to"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of Hörde","gloss":"to have"},{"surface":"mat","lemma":"mat","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of ha","gloss":"food"}]},{"number":53,"label":"18","id":"ch38-p18-s1","source":"Akka bredde ut vingarna och sänkte sig till den lilla sjön nere på dalbottnen.","translation":"Akka spread her wings and dropped down to the little lake at the bottom of the valley.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"sänkte sig","title":"Reflexive «sig»","body":"«sänkte sig» = 'lowered herself'. Swedish uses the reflexive pronoun «sig» where English often uses an intransitive verb alone ('she dropped down'); the reflexive marks that the subject acts on itself."}],"words":[{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of bredde","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"bredde","lemma":"breda","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"spread"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on bredde","gloss":"spread"},{"surface":"vingarna","lemma":"vingarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of bredde","gloss":"the wings","note":"lemma should be vinge 'wing'."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sänkte","lemma":"sänka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with bredde","gloss":"lowered"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of sänkte","gloss":"herself"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sjön","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of sjön","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"lilla","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies sjön","gloss":"little"},{"surface":"sjön","lemma":"sjö","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sänkte","gloss":"lake"},{"surface":"nere","lemma":"nere","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sänkte","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dalbottnen","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"dalbottnen","lemma":"dalbottn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sänkte","gloss":"valley floor"}]},{"number":54,"label":"","id":"ch38-p18-s2","source":"En stund efteråt kom hon åter upp till örnboet med en laxöring i näbben.","translation":"A while later she came back up to the eagle's nest with a trout in her beak.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"En","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of stund","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stund","lemma":"stund","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of kom","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"efteråt","lemma":"efteråt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"afterward"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"åter","lemma":"åter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase åter","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking örnboet","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"örnboet","lemma":"örnboet","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of åter","gloss":"the eagle's nest"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking laxöring","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of laxöring","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"laxöring","lemma":"laxöring","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kom","gloss":"trout"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking näbben","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"näbben","lemma":"näbbe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies laxöring","gloss":"beak"}]},{"number":55,"label":"19","id":"ch38-p19-s1","source":"Örnungen råkade i häftig vrede, när hon lade ner fisken framför honom.","translation":"The eaglet fell into a violent rage when she laid the fish down in front of him.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Örnungen","lemma":"Örnungen","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of råkade","gloss":"the eaglet"},{"surface":"råkade","lemma":"råka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"fell into"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vrede","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"häftig","lemma":"häftig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies vrede","gloss":"violent"},{"surface":"vrede","lemma":"vrede","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of råkade","gloss":"anger"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of lade","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lade","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"lade","lemma":"lägga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on råkade","gloss":"laid"},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on lade","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"fisken","lemma":"fisk","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of lade","gloss":"fish"},{"surface":"framför","lemma":"framför","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking honom","gloss":"in front of"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of lade","gloss":"him"}]},{"number":56,"label":"","id":"ch38-p19-s2","source":"»Tror du, att jag kan äta sådant där?» sade han, sköt fisken åt sidan och försökte hugga till Akka med näbben.","translation":"»Do you think I can eat such stuff?» said he, pushed the fish aside, and tried to strike at Akka with his beak.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tror","lemma":"Tror","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"think/believe"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Tror","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of äta","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of äta","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of äta","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"äta","lemma":"äta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of Tror","gloss":"eat"},{"surface":"sådant","lemma":"sån","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of äta","gloss":"such a thing"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies äta","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on sköt","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"sköt","lemma":"sköt","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"pushed"},{"surface":"fisken","lemma":"fisk","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sköt","gloss":"fish"},{"surface":"åt","lemma":"åt","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sidan","gloss":"aside"},{"surface":"sidan","lemma":"sida","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sköt","gloss":"aside"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"försökte","lemma":"försöka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with sköt","gloss":"tried"},{"surface":"hugga","lemma":"hugga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of försökte","gloss":"to chop"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on hugga","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"direct object of hugga","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking näbben","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"näbben","lemma":"näbbe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of hugga","gloss":"beak"}]},{"number":57,"label":"","id":"ch38-p19-s3","source":"»Skaffa mig en ripa eller en lämmel, hör du!»","translation":"»Get me a ptarmigan or a lemming, do you hear!»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Skaffa","lemma":"skaffa","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"adverbial clause on hör","gloss":"get"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of Skaffa","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of ripa","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ripa","lemma":"ripa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of Skaffa","gloss":"ptarmigan"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of lämmel","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"lämmel","lemma":"lämmel","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with ripa","gloss":"lemming"},{"surface":"hör","lemma":"höra","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"hears"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hör","gloss":"you"}]},{"number":58,"label":"20","id":"ch38-p20-s1","source":"Nu sträckte Akka fram huvudet och gav örnungen ett duktigt nyp i nackskinnet.","translation":"Now Akka stretched out her head and gave the eaglet a good nip on the scruff of his neck.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sträckte","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"sträckte","lemma":"sträcka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stretched"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"direct object of sträckte","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on sträckte","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"huvudet","lemma":"huvud","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of sträckte","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"gav","lemma":"ge","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with sträckte","gloss":"gave","note":"Light-verb idioms in the examples: \"gav ... till ett klagoskrik\" = let out a cry; \"gav sig tid\" = took the time — not literal \"gave\" in either case."},{"surface":"örnungen","lemma":"örnungen","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of gav","gloss":"the eaglet"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of nyp","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"duktigt","lemma":"duktig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies nyp","gloss":"considerable","note":"In all four examples duktig(t) is an intensifier meaning 'considerable/hearty/thorough' (duktigt tilltagen = 'built on a grand scale'; ett duktigt blåsväder = 'a good hard blow of wind'; ett duktigt arbete = 'a good day's work'), not the 'skilled/capable (of a person)' sense the glosser used."},{"surface":"nyp","lemma":"nyp","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gav","gloss":"nip"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nackskinnet","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"nackskinnet","lemma":"nackskinn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of gav","gloss":"scruff"}]},{"number":59,"label":"","id":"ch38-p20-s2","source":"»Jag ska säga dig,» sade den gamla, »att om jag ska skaffa dig mat, får du vara nöjd med vad jag kan ge dig.","translation":"»I'll tell you,» said the old one, »that if I am to get you food, you'll have to be content with what I can give you.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of säga","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"ska","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of säga","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"säga","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on »","gloss":"to say"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of säga","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on nöjd","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gamla","lemma":"gammal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"complement of sade","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of skaffa","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of skaffa","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of skaffa","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"ska","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of skaffa","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"skaffa","lemma":"skaffa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of sade","gloss":"to get"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of skaffa","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"mat","lemma":"mat","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of skaffa","gloss":"food"},{"surface":"får","lemma":"få","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of nöjd","gloss":"have to"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of nöjd","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"vara","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to nöjd","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"nöjd","lemma":"nöjd","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"pleased"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of ge","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"vad","lemma":"vad","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of ge","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ge","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ge","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"ge","lemma":"ge","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on nöjd","gloss":"to give"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of ge","gloss":"you"}]},{"number":60,"label":"","id":"ch38-p20-s3","source":"Din far och mor är döda, så att av dem kan du inte få någon hjälp, men vill du ligga här och svälta ihjäl, medan du väntar på ripor och lämlar, så ska jag inte hindra dig.»","translation":"Your father and mother are dead, so you can get no help from them, but if you'd rather lie here and starve to death while you wait for ptarmigans and lemmings, I won't stop you.»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Din","lemma":"Din","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of far","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"far","lemma":"far","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of döda","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"mor","lemma":"mor","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with far","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to döda","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"döda","lemma":"död","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"depends on hindra","gloss":"dead"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of få","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase så","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"oblique complement of få","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of få","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of få","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies få","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"få","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on döda","gloss":"get"},{"surface":"någon","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of hjälp","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"hjälp","lemma":"hjälp","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of få","gloss":"help"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"vill","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ligga","gloss":"want to"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ligga","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"ligga","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with döda","gloss":"to lie"},{"surface":"här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ligga","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"svälta","lemma":"svälta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with ligga","gloss":"to starve"},{"surface":"ihjäl","lemma":"ihjäl","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of svälta","gloss":"to death","note":"Backbone mistags this as a noun; ihjäl is the adverb particle meaning 'to death' (as in slå ihjäl, svälta ihjäl)."},{"surface":"medan","lemma":"medan","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of väntar","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of väntar","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"väntar","lemma":"vänta","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on ligga","gloss":"wait"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ripor","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"ripor","lemma":"ripa","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of väntar","gloss":"ptarmigans"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lämlar","lemma":"läml","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with ripor","gloss":"lemmings"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial clause on hindra","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"ska","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of hindra","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hindra","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies hindra","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"hindra","lemma":"hindra","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to prevent"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of hindra","gloss":"you"}]},{"number":61,"label":"21","id":"ch38-p21-s1","source":"När Akka hade sagt detta, for hon hastigt sin väg och visade sig inte i örnboet förrän en god stund efteråt, Örnungen hade ätit upp fisken, och när hon lade ner en till framför honom, sväljde han den genast, fastän det nog syntes på honom, att den föreföll honom mycket motbjudande.","translation":"When Akka had said this, she flew hastily off and did not show herself in the eagle's nest until a good while afterward, the eaglet had eaten up the fish, and when she laid down another one in front of him, he swallowed it at once, although it clearly seemed to him very repulsive.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"När","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sagt","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of sagt","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of sagt","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"sagt","lemma":"sag","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on ätit","gloss":"said","note":"Lemma is a truncated form of säga; surface sagt is the supine, 'said'."},{"surface":"detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of sagt","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hon","gloss":"flew off","note":"Past tense of fara (to travel/fly, here of tomte-Nils and geese in flight); mistagged as a preposition. Translation renders it \"flew\"/\"passing over\" far more often than \"traveled\"."},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of hastigt","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"hastigt","lemma":"hastig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sagt","gloss":"quickly"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of väg","gloss":"away"},{"surface":"väg","lemma":"väg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of sagt","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"visade","lemma":"visa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with sagt","gloss":"showed"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of visade","gloss":"herself"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies visade","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking örnboet","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"örnboet","lemma":"örnboet","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of visade","gloss":"the eagle's nest"},{"surface":"förrän","lemma":"förrän","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stund","gloss":"before","note":"used with a preceding negative to mean 'no sooner than'."},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of stund","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"god","lemma":"god","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies stund","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"stund","lemma":"stund","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of visade","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"efteråt","lemma":"efteråt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies visade","gloss":"afterward"},{"surface":"Örnungen","lemma":"Örnungen","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ätit","gloss":"the eaglet"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ätit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"ätit","lemma":"äta","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"eaten"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on ätit","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"fisken","lemma":"fisk","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of ätit","gloss":"fish"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of lade","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lade","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"lade","lemma":"lägga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with ätit","gloss":"laid"},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on lade","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of lade","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase en","gloss":"another one"},{"surface":"framför","lemma":"framför","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking honom","gloss":"in front of"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of lade","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"sväljde","lemma":"svälja","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to ätit","gloss":"swallowed"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sväljde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of sväljde","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"genast","lemma":"genast","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sväljde","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"fastän","lemma":"fastän","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of syntes","gloss":"although"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of syntes","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"nog","lemma":"nog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies syntes","gloss":"clearly"},{"surface":"syntes","lemma":"syntes","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on sväljde","gloss":"showed"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking honom","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of syntes","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of föreföll","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of föreföll","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"föreföll","lemma":"föreföll","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"depends on syntes","gloss":"seemed","note":"Actually a past-tense form of förefalla ('seemed'), despite the present-indicative tag."},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of föreföll","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"mycket","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies motbjudande","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"motbjudande","lemma":"motbjudande","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"complement of föreföll","gloss":"repulsive"}]},{"number":62,"label":"22","id":"ch38-p22-s1","source":"Akka fick ett drygt arbete.","translation":"Akka now had a hard task before her.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of fick","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"fick","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of arbete","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"drygt","lemma":"dryg","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies arbete","gloss":"considerable","note":"'ett drygt arbete' = a considerable, hard task."},{"surface":"arbete","lemma":"arbete","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of fick","gloss":"work"}]},{"number":63,"label":"","id":"ch38-p22-s2","source":"De gamla örnarna visade sig aldrig mer, och hon måste ensam skaffa örnungen all den föda, som han behövde.","translation":"The old eagles never showed themselves again, and she alone had to provide the eaglet with all the food he needed.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of örnarna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"gamla","lemma":"gammal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies örnarna","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"örnarna","lemma":"örnarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of visade","gloss":"the eagles"},{"surface":"visade","lemma":"visa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"showed"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of visade","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"aldrig","lemma":"aldrig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies visade","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"mer","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies visade","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of skaffa","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"måste","lemma":"måste","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of skaffa","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"ensam","lemma":"ensam","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies skaffa","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"skaffa","lemma":"skaffa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with visade","gloss":"to get"},{"surface":"örnungen","lemma":"örnung","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of skaffa","gloss":"the eaglet"},{"surface":"all","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"introduces the clause of föda","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of föda","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"föda","lemma":"föda","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of skaffa","gloss":"food"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of behövde","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of behövde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"behövde","lemma":"behöva","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on föda","gloss":"needed"}]},{"number":64,"label":"","id":"ch38-p22-s3","source":"Hon gav honom fisk och grodor, och han tycktes inte fara illa av denna kost, utan blev stor och kraftig.","translation":"She gave him fish and frogs, and he did not seem to fare badly on this diet, but grew big and strong.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gav","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"gav","lemma":"ge","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"gave","note":"Light-verb idioms in the examples: \"gav ... till ett klagoskrik\" = let out a cry; \"gav sig tid\" = took the time — not literal \"gave\" in either case."},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of gav","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"fisk","lemma":"fisk","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of gav","gloss":"fish"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"grodor","lemma":"groda","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with fisk","gloss":"frogs"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tycktes","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"tycktes","lemma":"tycktes","morphology":"verb, past, indicative","role":"coordinated with gav","gloss":"seemed"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies tycktes","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"fara","lemma":"fara","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies illa","gloss":"go","note":"some listed surfaces (fara, far) are actually forms of the unrelated verb fara 'to travel/go'; gloss the noun sense danger for the noun-tagged type."},{"surface":"illa","lemma":"illa","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tycktes","gloss":"badly"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking kost","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"denna","lemma":"denna","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of kost","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"kost","lemma":"kost","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of illa","gloss":"diet"},{"surface":"utan","lemma":"utan","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but rather","note":"follows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened."},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"passive auxiliary of stor","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with gav","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"kraftig","lemma":"kraftig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with stor","gloss":"powerful"}]},{"number":65,"label":"","id":"ch38-p22-s4","source":"Han glömde snart sina föräldrar, örnarna, och trodde, att Akka var hans riktiga mor.","translation":"He soon forgot his parents, the eagles, and believed that Akka was his real mother.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of glömde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"glömde","lemma":"glömde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"forgot"},{"surface":"snart","lemma":"snart","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies glömde","gloss":"soon"},{"surface":"sina","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"possessor of föräldrar","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"föräldrar","lemma":"förälder","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of glömde","gloss":"parents"},{"surface":"örnarna","lemma":"örnarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"in apposition to föräldrar","gloss":"the eagles"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"trodde","lemma":"tro","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with glömde","gloss":"believed"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of mor","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of mor","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to mor","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of mor","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"riktiga","lemma":"riktig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies mor","gloss":"real"},{"surface":"mor","lemma":"mor","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clausal complement of trodde","gloss":"mother"}]},{"number":66,"label":"","id":"ch38-p22-s5","source":"Akka å sin sida älskade honom, som om han skulle ha varit hennes eget barn.","translation":"Akka, for her part, loved him as though he had been her own child.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of älskade","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"å","lemma":"å","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies älskade","gloss":"for","note":"Mostly used as the noun for a small river (Ronneby å); the idiom fara å färde 'be afoot/underway' is an old prepositional use."},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase å","gloss":"for her part"},{"surface":"sida","lemma":"sida","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of älskade","gloss":"for her part"},{"surface":"älskade","lemma":"älska","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"loved"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of älskade","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"introduces the clause of varit","gloss":"as though","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of varit","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of varit","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of varit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of varit","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"varit","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on älskade","gloss":"been"},{"surface":"hennes","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of barn","gloss":"her","note":"possessive form hennes of the pronoun hon."},{"surface":"eget","lemma":"egen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies barn","gloss":"own"},{"surface":"barn","lemma":"barn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of varit","gloss":"child"}]},{"number":67,"label":"","id":"ch38-p22-s6","source":"Hon försökte ge honom en god uppfostran och vänja honom av med hans vildsinthet och övermod.","translation":"She tried to give him a good upbringing and to wean him off his wildness and arrogance.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"vänja av","title":"Particle verb «vänja av»","body":"«vänja av (någon) med (något)» means 'to wean/break someone of a habit'. The particle «av» ('off') changes the meaning of «vänja» ('accustom') to its opposite sense — a common Swedish pattern where a small particle flips a verb's meaning."}],"words":[{"surface":"Hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of försökte","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"försökte","lemma":"försöka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"tried"},{"surface":"ge","lemma":"ge","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of försökte","gloss":"to give"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of ge","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of uppfostran","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"god","lemma":"god","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies uppfostran","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"uppfostran","lemma":"uppfostran","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of ge","gloss":"upbringing"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vänja","lemma":"vänja","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with ge","gloss":"wean"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of vänja","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of vildsinthet","gloss":"off"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vildsinthet","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of vildsinthet","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"vildsinthet","lemma":"vildsinthet","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of vänja","gloss":"savagery"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"övermod","lemma":"övermod","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with vildsinthet","gloss":"arrogance"}]},{"number":68,"label":"23","id":"ch38-p23-s1","source":"När ett par veckor hade gått, började Akka märka, att den tiden nalkades, då hon skulle byta fjädrar och bli ur stånd att flyga.","translation":"When a couple of weeks had passed, Akka began to notice that the time was drawing near when she would molt her feathers and be unable to fly.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"byta fjädrar","title":"To molt","body":"«byta fjädrar» literally 'change feathers' is how Swedish names molting — the yearly feather replacement that leaves birds like Akka temporarily unable to fly, a real detail of eagle and goose biology the plot turns on."}],"words":[{"surface":"När","lemma":"när","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of gått","gloss":"when","note":"Functions as a subordinating conjunction, not an adverb."},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of par","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"par","lemma":"par","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies veckor","gloss":"couple"},{"surface":"veckor","lemma":"vecka","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of gått","gloss":"weeks"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gått","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"gått","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on började","gloss":"passed"},{"surface":"började","lemma":"börja","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"began"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"direct object of började","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"märka","lemma":"märka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of började","gloss":"to notice"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of nalkades","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of tiden","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"tiden","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of passive nalkades","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"nalkades","lemma":"nalkaa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, passive","role":"adverbial clause on märka","gloss":"approached","note":"Nalkas is a deponent verb: its passive-looking form has an active meaning, \"to approach\"."},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of byta","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of byta","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of byta","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"byta","lemma":"byta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on märka","gloss":"to trade"},{"surface":"fjädrar","lemma":"fjädrar","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of byta","gloss":"her feathers"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bli","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with byta","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"ur","lemma":"ur","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on bli","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"stånd","lemma":"stånd","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"part of the phrase ur","gloss":"able"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of flyga","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"flyga","lemma":"flyga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on bli","gloss":"fly"}]},{"number":69,"label":"","id":"ch38-p23-s2","source":"På ett helt månvarv skulle hon inte kunna bära mat till örnungen, och han skulle nödgas svälta ihjäl.","translation":"For a whole month's turning she would not be able to carry food to the eaglet, and he would be forced to starve to death.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"På","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking månvarv","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of månvarv","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"helt","lemma":"helt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies månvarv","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"månvarv","lemma":"månvarv","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of bära","gloss":"month","note":"Literally 'a moon's turning'; used as an old word for a lunar month."},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of bära","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bära","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies bära","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"kunna","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of bära","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"bära","lemma":"bära","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to carry"},{"surface":"mat","lemma":"mat","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of bära","gloss":"food"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking örnungen","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"örnungen","lemma":"örnung","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of bära","gloss":"the eaglet"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of passive nödgas","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of nödgas","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"nödgas","lemma":"nödga","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"coordinated with bära","gloss":"to be forced"},{"surface":"svälta","lemma":"svälta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of nödgas","gloss":"to starve"},{"surface":"ihjäl","lemma":"ihjäl","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of bära","gloss":"to death","note":"Backbone mistags this as a noun; ihjäl is the adverb particle meaning 'to death' (as in slå ihjäl, svälta ihjäl)."}]},{"number":70,"label":"24","id":"ch38-p24-s1","source":"»Nu, Gorgo,» sade Akka en dag till honom, »kan jag inte mer komma till dig med fisk.","translation":"»Now, Gorgo,» said Akka to him one day, »I can no longer come to you with fish.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"Gorgo","lemma":"Gorgo","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with Nu","gloss":"Gorgo","note":"Proper name of the eagle, not an adverb."},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to Nu","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of dag","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"dag","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of sade","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking honom","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies dag","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of komma","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of komma","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies komma","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"mer","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies komma","gloss":"longer"},{"surface":"komma","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with Nu","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dig","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of komma","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fisk","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"fisk","lemma":"fisk","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of komma","gloss":"fish"}]},{"number":71,"label":"","id":"ch38-p24-s2","source":"Det gäller nu om du vågar att komma ner till dalbottnen, så att jag kan fortfara att skaffa dig mat.","translation":"It's up to you now whether you dare come down to the valley floor, so that I can go on getting you food.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of gäller","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"gäller","lemma":"gälla","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"up to you"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gäller","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vågar","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vågar","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"vågar","lemma":"våga","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on gäller","gloss":"dares"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of komma","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"komma","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of vågar","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on komma","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dalbottnen","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"dalbottnen","lemma":"dalbottn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of komma","gloss":"valley floor"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of kan","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase så","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kan","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on vågar","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"fortfara","lemma":"fortfara","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kan","gloss":"go on"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of skaffa","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"skaffa","lemma":"skaffa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on kan","gloss":"to get"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of skaffa","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"mat","lemma":"mat","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of skaffa","gloss":"food"}]},{"number":72,"label":"","id":"ch38-p24-s3","source":"Du har att välja emellan att svälta ihjäl häroppe eller att kasta dig ner till dalen, men också detta kan kosta ditt liv.»","translation":"You have to choose between starving to death up here or throwing yourself down into the valley, but that too could cost you your life.»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of välja","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of välja","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of välja","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"välja","lemma":"välja","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to choose"},{"surface":"emellan","lemma":"emellan","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of svälta","gloss":"between"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of svälta","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"svälta","lemma":"svälta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on välja","gloss":"to starve"},{"surface":"ihjäl","lemma":"ihjäl","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"depends on välja","gloss":"to death"},{"surface":"häroppe","lemma":"häroppe","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"up here","note":"Functions as the adverb 'häroppe' (up here), mistagged as a noun."},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of kasta","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"kasta","lemma":"kasta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to throw"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of kasta","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kasta","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dalen","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"dalen","lemma":"dal","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ner","gloss":"valley"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"också","lemma":"också","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies detta","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of kosta","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of kosta","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"kosta","lemma":"kosta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with kasta","gloss":"cost"},{"surface":"ditt","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of liv","gloss":"your","note":"surface ditt is the neuter possessive 'your', not the pronoun 'you'."},{"surface":"liv","lemma":"liv","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of kosta","gloss":"life"}]},{"number":73,"label":"25","id":"ch38-p25-s1","source":"Utan ett ögonblicks betänkande steg örnungen upp på bokanten, vårdade sig knappast om att mäta avståndet ner till dalen med blickarna, bredde ut sina små vingar och gav sig åstad.","translation":"Without a moment's hesitation the eaglet stepped up onto the edge of the nest, hardly troubling to measure the distance down to the valley with his eyes, spread out his little wings, and set off.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Utan","lemma":"utan","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking betänkande","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of ögonblicks","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ögonblicks","lemma":"ögonblick","morphology":"noun, genitive, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of betänkande","gloss":"a moment's"},{"surface":"betänkande","lemma":"betänkande","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of steg","gloss":"hesitation"},{"surface":"steg","lemma":"stiga","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"stepped up","note":"The parser conflates the past tense 'steg' of 'stiga' with the plural noun 'steg' ('steps')."},{"surface":"örnungen","lemma":"örnung","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of steg","gloss":"the eaglet"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on örnungen","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bokanten","gloss":"onto"},{"surface":"bokanten","lemma":"bokant","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of örnungen","gloss":"the nest edge"},{"surface":"vårdade","lemma":"vårda","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"tended"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of vårdade","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"knappast","lemma":"knappast","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vårdade","gloss":"hardly"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of mäta","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of mäta","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"mäta","lemma":"mäta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on vårdade","gloss":"measure"},{"surface":"avståndet","lemma":"avstånd","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of mäta","gloss":"distance"},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies mäta","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dalen","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"dalen","lemma":"dal","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ner","gloss":"valley"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking blickarna","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"blickarna","lemma":"blick","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of ner","gloss":"glances"},{"surface":"bredde","lemma":"bredde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with vårdade","gloss":"spread out"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on bredde","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"sina","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"possessor of vingar","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"små","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies vingar","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"vingar","lemma":"ving","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of bredde","gloss":"wings"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"gav","lemma":"ge","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with bredde","gloss":"set off","note":"Light-verb idioms in the examples: \"gav ... till ett klagoskrik\" = let out a cry; \"gav sig tid\" = took the time — not literal \"gave\" in either case."},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of gav","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"åstad","lemma":"åstad","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of gav","gloss":"off/away","note":"Actually the adverb/particle 'åstad' used with verbs of motion ('ge sig åstad' = to set off), mistagged as a verb."}]},{"number":74,"label":"","id":"ch38-p25-s2","source":"Han rullade runt i luften ett par gånger, men gjorde ändå så pass bruk av vingarna, att han kom ner till marken tämligen oskadd.","translation":"He rolled around in the air a couple of times, but still made enough use of his wings that he reached the ground fairly unhurt.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of rullade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"rullade","lemma":"rulla","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"rolled"},{"surface":"runt","lemma":"runt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies rullade","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking luften","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"luften","lemma":"luft","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of rullade","gloss":"air"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of par","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"par","lemma":"par","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies gånger","gloss":"couple"},{"surface":"gånger","lemma":"gång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of rullade","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"gjorde","lemma":"göra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with rullade","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"ändå","lemma":"ändå","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gjorde","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gjorde","gloss":"enough"},{"surface":"pass","lemma":"pass","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"part of the phrase så","gloss":"enough","note":"functions as a degree particle here, not the noun 'pass'."},{"surface":"bruk","lemma":"bruk","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gjorde","gloss":"use"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vingarna","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"vingarna","lemma":"vingarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies bruk","gloss":"the wings","note":"lemma should be vinge 'wing'."},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kom","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on gjorde","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking marken","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"marken","lemma":"mark","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ner","gloss":"ground"},{"surface":"tämligen","lemma":"tämligen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies oskadd","gloss":"fairly"},{"surface":"oskadd","lemma":"oskadd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of kom","gloss":"unharmed","note":"Functions as an adjective ('unharmed'), though the backbone tags it as a noun."}]},{"number":75,"label":"26","id":"ch38-p26-s1","source":"Härnere kom Gorgo att tillbringa sin sommar i sällskap med de små gässlingarna och blev en god kamrat för dem.","translation":"Down here Gorgo came to spend his summer in the company of the little goslings and became a good comrade to them.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Härnere","lemma":"härnere","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"down here"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"Gorgo","lemma":"Gorgo","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Gorgo","note":"Proper name (a wild goose/duck character) mistagged as an adjective."},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of tillbringa","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"tillbringa","lemma":"tillbringa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on Gorgo","gloss":"to spend"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of sommar","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"sommar","lemma":"sommar","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tillbringa","gloss":"summer"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tillbringa","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"sällskap","lemma":"sällskap","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"part of the phrase i","gloss":"company"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gässlingarna","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of gässlingarna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"små","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies gässlingarna","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"gässlingarna","lemma":"gässlinga","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of tillbringa","gloss":"goslings"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with Gorgo","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of kamrat","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"god","lemma":"god","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies kamrat","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"kamrat","lemma":"kamrat","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"companion"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"oblique complement of blev","gloss":"them"}]},{"number":76,"label":"","id":"ch38-p26-s2","source":"Eftersom han betraktade sig som en gåsunge, sökte han leva på samma sätt som de, och när de summo ut i sjön, gick han efter, tills han var nära att drunkna.","translation":"Since he considered himself a gosling, he tried to live the same way they did, and when they swam out on the lake, he followed, until he was nearly drowned.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Eftersom","lemma":"eftersom","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of betraktade","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of betraktade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"betraktade","lemma":"betrakta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on sökte","gloss":"watched"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of betraktade","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gåsunge","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of gåsunge","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gåsunge","lemma":"gåsunge","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of betraktade","gloss":"gosling"},{"surface":"sökte","lemma":"söka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on gick","gloss":"tried"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sökte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"leva","lemma":"leva","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of sökte","gloss":"to live"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sätt","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"samma","lemma":"samma","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of sätt","gloss":"the same"},{"surface":"sätt","lemma":"sätt","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of leva","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of de","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"clause modifying sätt","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"preposition marking summo","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"determiner of summo","gloss":"they","note":"surfaces are actually the plural pronoun de, not a form of en."},{"surface":"summo","lemma":"summo","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with de","gloss":"swam","note":"Historical plural past form of simma, ‘to swim’."},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies summo","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sjön","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"sjön","lemma":"sjö","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ut","gloss":"lake"},{"surface":"gick","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gick","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on gick","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"tills","lemma":"tills","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of nära","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of nära","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to nära","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"nära","lemma":"nära","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"adverbial clause on gick","gloss":"nearly"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of drunkna","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"drunkna","lemma":"drunkna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on nära","gloss":"to drown"}]},{"number":77,"label":"","id":"ch38-p26-s3","source":"Det vållade honom mycken förödmjukelse, att han inte kunde lära sig simma, och han gick till Akka och beklagade sig.","translation":"It caused him much humiliation that he could not learn to swim, and he went to Akka and complained.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with vållade","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"vållade","lemma":"vålla","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"caused"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vållade","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"mycken","lemma":"mycken","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"förödmjukelse","lemma":"förödmjukelse","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vållade","gloss":"humiliation"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of lära","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lära","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies lära","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of lära","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"lära","lemma":"lära","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on vållade","gloss":"learn"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"indirect object of lära","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"simma","lemma":"simma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of lära","gloss":"swim"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gick","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"gick","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with vållade","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Akka","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of gick","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"beklagade","lemma":"beklaga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with gick","gloss":"complained"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of beklagade","gloss":"himself"}]},{"number":78,"label":"","id":"ch38-p26-s4","source":"»Varför kan jag inte simma, jag som de andra?» sade han.","translation":"»Why can't I swim, like the others?» said he.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Varför","lemma":"varför","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies simma","gloss":"why"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of simma","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of simma","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies simma","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"simma","lemma":"simma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on »","gloss":"swim"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with simma","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"introduces the clause of andra","gloss":"like","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"determiner of andra","gloss":"they","note":"surfaces are actually the plural pronoun de, not a form of en."},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"modifies jag","gloss":"others"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"he"}]},{"number":79,"label":"","id":"ch38-p26-s5","source":"— »Du fick för krokiga klor och för stora tår, medan du låg däroppe på klipphyllan,» sade Akka.","translation":"— »You got claws too crooked and toes too big while you lay up there on the rock shelf,» said Akka.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fick","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"fick","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"got"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking klor","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"krokiga","lemma":"krokig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies klor","gloss":"crooked"},{"surface":"klor","lemma":"kla","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of fick","gloss":"claws","note":"Modern headword is 'klo'; lemma appears truncated as 'kla'."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stora","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"stora","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies tår","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"tår","lemma":"tår","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with klor","gloss":"toes","note":"Same surface covers two distinct nouns: 'tår' (tear) and 'tå'/'tår' (talon/toe, plural); occurrences disambiguated by context."},{"surface":"medan","lemma":"medan","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of låg","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of låg","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"låg","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on fick","gloss":"lay"},{"surface":"däroppe","lemma":"däroppe","morphology":"adverb","role":"direct object of låg","gloss":"up there"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking klipphyllan","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"klipphyllan","lemma":"klipphylla","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of låg","gloss":"rock shelf"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with låg","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"direct object of sade","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."}]},{"number":80,"label":"","id":"ch38-p26-s6","source":"»Men var inte ledsen fördenskull!","translation":"»But don't be sad about it!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to ledsen","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies ledsen","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ledsen","lemma":"ledse","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"sad","note":"Lemma normalized to older form 'ledse'; modern spelling is 'ledsen'."},{"surface":"fördenskull","lemma":"fördenskull","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ledsen","gloss":"for that reason"}]},{"number":81,"label":"","id":"ch38-p26-s7","source":"Det blir nog en bra fågel av dig i alla fall.»","translation":"You'll turn out to be a fine bird all the same.»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with blir","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"blir","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"nog","lemma":"nog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies blir","gloss":"probably"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of fågel","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"bra","lemma":"bra","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies fågel","gloss":"fine"},{"surface":"fågel","lemma":"fågel","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blir","gloss":"bird"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dig","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of blir","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fall","gloss":"all the same"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of fall","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"fall","lemma":"fall","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of blir","gloss":"cases"}]},{"number":82,"label":"27","id":"ch38-p27-s1","source":"Örnungens vingar blevo snart så stora, att de kunde bära honom, men inte förrän på hösten, när gåsungarna fingo lära att flyga, föll det honom in, att han kunde bruka dem till flykt.","translation":"The eaglet's wings soon grew so large that they could bear him, but not until autumn, when the goslings were learning to fly, did it occur to him that he could use them for flight too.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Örnungens","lemma":"Örnungens","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of vingar","gloss":"the eaglet's"},{"surface":"vingar","lemma":"ving","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of blevo","gloss":"wings"},{"surface":"blevo","lemma":"blevo","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial clause on föll","gloss":"became","note":"Archaic plural past tense of bli (\"to become\"), not an adverb; the parser mistagged it."},{"surface":"snart","lemma":"snart","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies blevo","gloss":"soon"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stora","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"stora","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies blevo","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of bära","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of bära","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of bära","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"bära","lemma":"bära","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of blevo","gloss":"to carry"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of bära","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies hösten","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"förrän","lemma":"förrän","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hösten","gloss":"before","note":"used with a preceding negative to mean 'no sooner than'."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hösten","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"hösten","lemma":"höst","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with blevo","gloss":"autumn"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of lära","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"gåsungarna","lemma":"gåsungarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of lära","gloss":"the goslings"},{"surface":"fingo","lemma":"fingo","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"modifies gåsungarna","gloss":"got","note":"Mistagged as a noun; fingo is the archaic plural past tense of få (\"got/were given\")."},{"surface":"lära","lemma":"lära","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on blevo","gloss":"learning"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of flyga","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"flyga","lemma":"flyga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of lära","gloss":"fly"},{"surface":"föll","lemma":"föll","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"fell"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with föll","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of föll","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on föll","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kunde","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kunde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of bruka","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"bruka","lemma":"bruka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"parallel clause to föll","gloss":"use","note":"First example ('hon knappast kunde bruka den' = 'she could scarcely use it', of an injured wing) is the sense 'to use', which was missing from the senses list."},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of bruka","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking flykt","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"flykt","lemma":"flykt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of bruka","gloss":"flight"}]},{"number":83,"label":"","id":"ch38-p27-s2","source":"Det kom nu en stolt tid för honom, för i denna idrott blev han genast den förnämsta.","translation":"A proud time now began for him, for in this sport he was at once the foremost.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with kom","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of tid","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stolt","lemma":"stolt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies tid","gloss":"proud"},{"surface":"tid","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of kom","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking honom","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kom","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies blev","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking idrott","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"denna","lemma":"denna","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of idrott","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"idrott","lemma":"idrott","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of blev","gloss":"sport"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with kom","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"genast","lemma":"genast","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies blev","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of förnämsta","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"förnämsta","lemma":"förnämsta","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"complement of blev","gloss":"foremost"}]},{"number":84,"label":"","id":"ch38-p27-s3","source":"Hans kamrater dröjde aldrig längre uppe i luften, än de voro tvungna, men han uppehöll sig där nästan hela dagen och övade sig i flygkonsten.","translation":"His comrades never lingered longer up in the air than they had to, but he stayed up there almost the whole day and practiced the art of flying.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hans","lemma":"Han","morphology":"proper noun, genitive","role":"possessor of kamrater","gloss":"his","note":"Mistagged; surface Hans here is the possessive pronoun \"his,\" not the name Han."},{"surface":"kamrater","lemma":"kamrat","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of dröjde","gloss":"companions"},{"surface":"dröjde","lemma":"dröj","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was long in coming","note":"Idiomatic: \"det dröjde inte länge\" = \"it was not long before.\""},{"surface":"aldrig","lemma":"aldrig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dröjde","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"längre","lemma":"länge","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dröjde","gloss":"longer"},{"surface":"uppe","lemma":"uppe","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dröjde","gloss":"up high"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking luften","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"luften","lemma":"luft","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of uppe","gloss":"air"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tvungna","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"determiner of tvungna","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"clause modifying de","gloss":"were","note":"archaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective."},{"surface":"tvungna","lemma":"tvungen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"adverbial clause on dröjde","gloss":"forced"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of uppehöll","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"uppehöll","lemma":"uppehöll","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with dröjde","gloss":"stayed"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of uppehöll","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies uppehöll","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"nästan","lemma":"nästan","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hela","gloss":"almost"},{"surface":"hela","lemma":"hel","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies dagen","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"dagen","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of uppehöll","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"övade","lemma":"öva","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with uppehöll","gloss":"practiced"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of övade","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking flygkonsten","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"flygkonsten","lemma":"flygkonst","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of övade","gloss":"the art of flying"}]},{"number":85,"label":"","id":"ch38-p27-s4","source":"Ännu hade han inte kommit underfund med att han var av ett annat släkte än gässen, men han kunde inte undgå att lägga märke till en mängd saker, som förvånade honom, och han gjorde Akka ständiga frågor.","translation":"He still had not realized that he was of a different race than the geese, but he could not help noticing a great many things that puzzled him, and he asked Akka endless questions.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ännu","lemma":"ännu","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of kommit","gloss":"still/yet","note":"Actually the adverb 'ännu', mistagged as a proper noun."},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of kommit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kommit","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies kommit","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"kommit","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"underfund","lemma":"underfund","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kommit","gloss":"figured out","note":"only used in the fixed phrase 'komma underfund med' (to find out/figure out)."},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of släkte","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of släkte","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of släkte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to släkte","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking släkte","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of släkte","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"annat","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies släkte","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"släkte","lemma":"släkte","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"adverbial clause on kommit","gloss":"race"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gässen","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"gässen","lemma":"gässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clause modifying släkte","gloss":"geese","note":"gässen is the plural definite of gås 'goose'; lemma is a normalized plural stem."},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of undgå","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of undgå","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies undgå","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"undgå","lemma":"undgå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with kommit","gloss":"to avoid"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of lägga","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"lägga","lemma":"lägga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of undgå","gloss":"to lay/put"},{"surface":"märke","lemma":"märke","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of lägga","gloss":"notice","note":"Both attested examples are the idiom 'lägga märke till' = 'to notice', not the bare noun 'mark'; flag as context-dependent so the idiomatic sense isn't lost."},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking saker","gloss":"notice"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of mängd","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"mängd","lemma":"mängd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies saker","gloss":"a great many"},{"surface":"saker","lemma":"sak","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of lägga","gloss":"things"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of förvånade","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"förvånade","lemma":"förvåna","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on saker","gloss":"surprised"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of förvånade","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gjorde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"gjorde","lemma":"göra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with kommit","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"direct object of gjorde","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"ständiga","lemma":"ständig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies frågor","gloss":"endless"},{"surface":"frågor","lemma":"fråga","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of gjorde","gloss":"questions"}]},{"number":86,"label":"","id":"ch38-p27-s5","source":"»Varför springer ripor och lämlar och gömmer sig, när min skugga faller över fjället?» frågade han.","translation":"»Why do ptarmigans and lemmings run and hide when my shadow falls across the mountain?» he asked.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Varför","lemma":"varför","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies springer","gloss":"why"},{"surface":"springer","lemma":"springa","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"runs"},{"surface":"ripor","lemma":"ripa","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of springer","gloss":"ptarmigans"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lämlar","lemma":"läml","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with ripor","gloss":"lemmings"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"gömmer","lemma":"gömma","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with ripor","gloss":"hides"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of gömmer","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of faller","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"min","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of skugga","gloss":"my","note":"possessive form min of the pronoun jag."},{"surface":"skugga","lemma":"skugga","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of faller","gloss":"shadow"},{"surface":"faller","lemma":"falla","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on springer","gloss":"falls"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fjället","gloss":"across"},{"surface":"fjället","lemma":"fjäll","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of faller","gloss":"mountain"},{"surface":"frågade","lemma":"fråga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of frågade","gloss":"he"}]},{"number":87,"label":"","id":"ch38-p27-s6","source":"»Inte visar de sådan skräck för de andra unggässen.»","translation":"»They don't show such terror of the other young geese.»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies visar","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"visar","lemma":"visa","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"shows"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of visar","gloss":"they","note":"surfaces are actually the plural pronoun de, not a form of en."},{"surface":"sådan","lemma":"sån","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies skräck","gloss":"such","note":"sån is a colloquial/older form of sådan, glossed to the modern sense."},{"surface":"skräck","lemma":"skräck","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of visar","gloss":"terror"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking unggässen","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of unggässen","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies unggässen","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"unggässen","lemma":"unggäss","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies skräck","gloss":"young geese","note":"surface 'unggässen' is plural definite (the young geese) despite the singular tag."}]},{"number":88,"label":"","id":"ch38-p27-s7","source":"— »Dina vingar blev förvuxna, när du låg på klipphyllan,» sade Akka.","translation":"— »Your wings grew too large while you lay on the rock shelf,» said Akka.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dina","lemma":"Dina","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"determiner of vingar","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"vingar","lemma":"ving","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"wings"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"bli","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"förvuxna","lemma":"förvuxen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"complement of blev","gloss":"too large"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of låg","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of låg","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"låg","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on förvuxna","gloss":"lay"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking klipphyllan","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"klipphyllan","lemma":"klipphylla","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of låg","gloss":"rock shelf"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with förvuxna","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"direct object of sade","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."}]},{"number":89,"label":"","id":"ch38-p27-s8","source":"»Det är detta, som skrämmer de små kräken.","translation":"»That is what frightens the little creatures.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with detta","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to detta","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of skrämmer","gloss":"what","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"skrämmer","lemma":"skrämma","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"depends on detta","gloss":"frightens"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of kräken","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"små","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies kräken","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"kräken","lemma":"kräk","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of skrämmer","gloss":"the creatures"}]},{"number":90,"label":"","id":"ch38-p27-s9","source":"Men var inte ledsen fördenskull!","translation":"But don't be sad about it!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to ledsen","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies ledsen","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ledsen","lemma":"ledse","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"sad","note":"Lemma normalized to older form 'ledse'; modern spelling is 'ledsen'."},{"surface":"fördenskull","lemma":"fördenskull","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ledsen","gloss":"for that reason"}]},{"number":91,"label":"","id":"ch38-p27-s10","source":"Det blir nog en bra fågel av dig i alla fall.»","translation":"You'll turn out to be a fine bird all the same.»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with blir","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"blir","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"nog","lemma":"nog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies blir","gloss":"probably"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of fågel","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"bra","lemma":"bra","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies fågel","gloss":"fine"},{"surface":"fågel","lemma":"fågel","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blir","gloss":"bird"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dig","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of blir","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fall","gloss":"all the same"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of fall","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"fall","lemma":"fall","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of blir","gloss":"cases"}]},{"number":92,"label":"28","id":"ch38-p28-s1","source":"Sedan örnen väl kunde flyga, lärde han sig själv att fiska och fånga grodor, men snart började han grubbla också över detta.","translation":"Once the eagle could fly well, he taught himself to fish and to catch frogs, but soon he began to brood over this too.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sedan","lemma":"sedan","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of flyga","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"örnen","lemma":"örn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of flyga","gloss":"eagle"},{"surface":"väl","lemma":"väl","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies flyga","gloss":"once"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of flyga","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"flyga","lemma":"flyga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"fly"},{"surface":"lärde","lemma":"lära","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with flyga","gloss":"taught"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lärde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of lärde","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"själv","lemma":"själv","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clause modifying sig","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of fiska","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"fiska","lemma":"fiska","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of lärde","gloss":"to fish"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fånga","lemma":"fånga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with fiska","gloss":"to catch"},{"surface":"grodor","lemma":"groda","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of fiska","gloss":"frogs"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"snart","lemma":"snart","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies började","gloss":"soon"},{"surface":"började","lemma":"börja","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with flyga","gloss":"began"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of började","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"grubbla","lemma":"grubbla","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of började","gloss":"to brood"},{"surface":"också","lemma":"också","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies grubbla","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking detta","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of grubbla","gloss":"this"}]},{"number":93,"label":"","id":"ch38-p28-s2","source":"»Hur kommer det sig, att jag lever av fisk och grodor?» sade han.","translation":"»How does it come about that I live on fish and frogs?» said he.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hur","lemma":"hur","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kommer","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"kommer","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"comes"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of kommer","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of kommer","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of lever","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lever","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"lever","lemma":"leva","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"depends on kommer","gloss":"lives"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fisk","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"fisk","lemma":"fisk","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of lever","gloss":"fish"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"grodor","lemma":"groda","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with fisk","gloss":"frogs"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"he"}]},{"number":94,"label":"","id":"ch38-p28-s3","source":"»Det gör ju inte de andra unggässen.»","translation":"»The other young geese don't.»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of gör","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"gör","lemma":"göra","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"does"},{"surface":"ju","lemma":"ju","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gör","gloss":"after all"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies gör","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of unggässen","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies unggässen","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"unggässen","lemma":"unggäss","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of gör","gloss":"young geese","note":"surface 'unggässen' is plural definite (the young geese) despite the singular tag."}]},{"number":95,"label":"","id":"ch38-p28-s4","source":"— »Det kommer sig därav, att jag inte hade någon annan mat att ge dig, när du låg oppe på klipphyllan,» sade Akka,","translation":"— »It comes of the fact that I had no other food to give you when you lay up on the rock shelf,» said Akka,","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with kommer","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"kommer","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"comes"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of kommer","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"därav","lemma":"därav","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kommer","gloss":"of the fact"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hade","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies hade","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"depends on kommer","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"någon","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of mat","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"annan","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies mat","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"mat","lemma":"mat","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"food"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of ge","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"ge","lemma":"ge","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clause modifying mat","gloss":"to give"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of ge","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of låg","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of låg","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"låg","lemma":"låg","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on hade","gloss":"lay"},{"surface":"oppe","lemma":"oppe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of låg","gloss":"up","note":"Oppe is an older spelling or form of modern uppe."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking klipphyllan","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"klipphyllan","lemma":"klipphylla","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of låg","gloss":"rock shelf"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with låg","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"direct object of sade","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."}]},{"number":96,"label":"","id":"ch38-p28-s5","source":"»Men var inte ledsen fördenskull!","translation":"»But don't be sad about it!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to ledsen","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies ledsen","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ledsen","lemma":"ledse","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"sad","note":"Lemma normalized to older form 'ledse'; modern spelling is 'ledsen'."},{"surface":"fördenskull","lemma":"fördenskull","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ledsen","gloss":"for that reason"}]},{"number":97,"label":"","id":"ch38-p28-s6","source":"Det blir nog en bra fågel av dig i alla fall.»","translation":"You'll turn out to be a fine bird all the same.»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with blir","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"blir","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"nog","lemma":"nog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies blir","gloss":"probably"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of fågel","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"bra","lemma":"bra","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies fågel","gloss":"fine"},{"surface":"fågel","lemma":"fågel","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blir","gloss":"bird"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dig","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of blir","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fall","gloss":"all the same"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of fall","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"fall","lemma":"fall","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of blir","gloss":"cases"}]},{"number":98,"label":"29","id":"ch38-p29-s1","source":"När vildgässen företogo sin höstflyttning, flög Gorgo med i deras flock.","translation":"When the wild geese set out on their autumn migration, Gorgo flew along in their flock.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"företogo","title":"Archaic plural preterite","body":"«företogo» is the old plural preterite of «företaga (sig)» ('to undertake'). Like «voro/höllo» earlier, this pre-reform plural verb form marks the book's 1906 literary register; modern Swedish would simply write «företog»."}],"words":[{"surface":"När","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of företogo","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of företogo","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"företogo","lemma":"företogo","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on flög","gloss":"set out"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of höstflyttning","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"höstflyttning","lemma":"höstflyttning","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of företogo","gloss":"autumn migration"},{"surface":"flög","lemma":"flög","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"flew"},{"surface":"Gorgo","lemma":"Gorgo","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of flög","gloss":"Gorgo","note":"Proper name of an eagle character; mistagged as a common noun plural."},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on flög","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking flock","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"deras","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of flock","gloss":"their","note":"possessive form deras of the plural pronoun de."},{"surface":"flock","lemma":"flock","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of flög","gloss":"flock"}]},{"number":99,"label":"","id":"ch38-p29-s2","source":"Alltjämt betraktade han sig som en av dem.","translation":"He still thought of himself as one of them.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Alltjämt","lemma":"Alltjämt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies betraktade","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"betraktade","lemma":"betrakta","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"looked at","note":"Actually the past tense of the verb betrakta \"to look at\", mislabeled as an adjective."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of betraktade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of betraktade","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of en","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"complement of betraktade","gloss":"one","note":"Surfaces are only \"en\"/\"En\" used as a counting pronoun (\"en av dem\" = \"one of them\"), not the indefinite generic pronoun man/en (\"one does X\"). Lemma is mistagged as man; it should be en (numeral pronoun \"one\"). Gloss \"one\" happens to still be correct."},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"modifies en","gloss":"them"}]},{"number":100,"label":"","id":"ch38-p29-s3","source":"Men luften var uppfylld av fåglar, som voro på färd mot södern, och det blev stor uppståndelse bland dessa, när Akka visade sig med en örn i följe.","translation":"But the air was full of birds journeying south, and there was great commotion among them when Akka showed herself with an eagle in her company.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"luften","lemma":"luft","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of uppfylld","gloss":"air"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to uppfylld","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"uppfylld","lemma":"uppfylld","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"filled"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fåglar","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"fåglar","lemma":"fågel","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"agent of uppfylld","gloss":"birds"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of voro","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"relative clause on fåglar","gloss":"were","note":"mistagged as a pronoun; this is the archaic plural past tense of vara 'to be'."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking färd","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"färd","lemma":"färd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of voro","gloss":"journey"},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking södern","gloss":"south"},{"surface":"södern","lemma":"söder","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies färd","gloss":"south"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with blev","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with uppfylld","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies uppståndelse","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"uppståndelse","lemma":"uppståndelse","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of blev","gloss":"commotion"},{"surface":"bland","lemma":"bland","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dessa","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"dessa","lemma":"denna","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"oblique complement of blev","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of visade","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of visade","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"visade","lemma":"visa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on blev","gloss":"showed"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of visade","gloss":"herself"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking örn","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of örn","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"örn","lemma":"örn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of visade","gloss":"eagle"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies örn","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"följe","lemma":"följe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase i","gloss":"company"}]},{"number":101,"label":"","id":"ch38-p29-s4","source":"Vildgässens fylking omkretsades ständigt av svärmar av nyfikna, som helt högt uttalade sin förvåning.","translation":"The wild geese's formation was constantly circled by swarms of the curious, who loudly voiced their astonishment.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vildgässens","lemma":"Vildgässens","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of fylking","gloss":"the wild geese's"},{"surface":"fylking","lemma":"fylking","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of passive omkretsades","gloss":"formation"},{"surface":"omkretsades","lemma":"omkretsa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was circled"},{"surface":"ständigt","lemma":"ständig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies omkretsades","gloss":"constantly"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking svärmar","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"svärmar","lemma":"svärm","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"agent of omkretsades","gloss":"swarms"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nyfikna","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"nyfikna","lemma":"nyfiken","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies svärmar","gloss":"curious"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of uttalade","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"helt","lemma":"helt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies högt","gloss":"quite"},{"surface":"högt","lemma":"hög","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies uttalade","gloss":"loudly","note":"this type bundles the positive, comparative, and superlative degree forms (högt, högre, högst) under one entry."},{"surface":"uttalade","lemma":"uttala","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"relative clause on nyfikna","gloss":"voiced"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of förvåning","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"förvåning","lemma":"förvåning","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of uttalade","gloss":"astonishment"}]},{"number":102,"label":"","id":"ch38-p29-s5","source":"Akka bad dem tiga, men det var inte möjligt att binda så många yra tungor.","translation":"Akka bade them be silent, but it was impossible to bind so many wagging tongues.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"depends on bad","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"bad","lemma":"be","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"bade"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"indirect object of bad","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"tiga","lemma":"tig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"complement of bad","gloss":"to be silent","note":"Infinitive of tiga (to keep silent), mistagged as an adjective."},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with möjligt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to möjligt","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies möjligt","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"möjligt","lemma":"möjlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with bad","gloss":"possible","note":"half the examples (ch01-p27, ch04-p30) use the fixed idiom 'allt möjligt' = 'all sorts of/everything', not the literal 'possible' sense used in the other two."},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of binda","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"binda","lemma":"binda","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on möjligt","gloss":"to bind"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies många","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"många","lemma":"många","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies yra","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"yra","lemma":"yra","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies tungor","gloss":"unruly"},{"surface":"tungor","lemma":"tunga","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of binda","gloss":"tongues"}]},{"number":103,"label":"","id":"ch38-p29-s6","source":"»Varför kallar de mig för en örn?» frågade Gorgo oupphörligen och blev allt mer och mer retad.","translation":"»Why do they call me an eagle?» Gorgo asked over and over, growing more and more irritated.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Varför","lemma":"varför","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kallar","gloss":"why"},{"surface":"kallar","lemma":"kalla","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"depends on »","gloss":"calls"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of kallar","gloss":"they","note":"surfaces are actually the plural pronoun de, not a form of en."},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of kallar","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking örn","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of örn","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"örn","lemma":"örn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kallar","gloss":"eagle"},{"surface":"frågade","lemma":"fråga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"Gorgo","lemma":"Gorgo","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of frågade","gloss":"Gorgo","note":"Proper name of an eagle character; mistagged as a common noun plural."},{"surface":"oupphörligen","lemma":"oupphörligen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies frågade","gloss":"ceaselessly"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with frågade","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"allt","lemma":"allt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies mer","gloss":"more and more"},{"surface":"mer","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies retad","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"part of the phrase mer","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"mer","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase mer","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"retad","lemma":"retad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of blev","gloss":"irritated"}]},{"number":104,"label":"","id":"ch38-p29-s7","source":"»Ser de inte, att jag är en vildgås?","translation":"»Don't they see that I'm a wild goose?","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ser","lemma":"Ser","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"see","note":"Present tense of se ('to see'); capitalized here as sentence-initial."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of Ser","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies Ser","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vildgås","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vildgås","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to vildgås","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of vildgås","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"vildgås","lemma":"vildgås","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clausal complement of Ser","gloss":"wild goose"}]},{"number":105,"label":"","id":"ch38-p29-s8","source":"Jag är ingen fågelätare, som förtär mina likar.","translation":"I'm no bird of prey that devours my own kind.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fågelätare","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to fågelätare","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of fågelätare","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"fågelätare","lemma":"fågelätare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"bird-eater","note":"a predator that eats birds, i.e. bird of prey."},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of förtär","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"förtär","lemma":"förtär","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"parallel clause to fågelätare","gloss":"devours"},{"surface":"mina","lemma":"mig","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"possessor of likar","gloss":"my","note":"The surface mina is the plural possessive form of min, despite the lemma and morphology supplied."},{"surface":"likar","lemma":"lika","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with förtär","gloss":"own kind"}]},{"number":106,"label":"","id":"ch38-p29-s9","source":"Hur vågar de ge mig ett så fult namn?»","translation":"How dare they give me such an ugly name?»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hur","lemma":"hur","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vågar","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"vågar","lemma":"våga","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"dares"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of vågar","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"ge","lemma":"ge","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of vågar","gloss":"to give"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of ge","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of namn","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fult","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"fult","lemma":"ful","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies namn","gloss":"ugly"},{"surface":"namn","lemma":"namn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of ge","gloss":"name"}]},{"number":107,"label":"30","id":"ch38-p30-s1","source":"En dag foro de över en bondgård, där många höns gingo på sopbacken och plockade.","translation":"One day they flew over a farm where many hens were walking about the rubbish heap, pecking.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"En","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of dag","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"dag","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of foro","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"foro","lemma":"foro","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"went","note":"Mistagged as a noun; foro is the plural past tense of fara (\"went/traveled\")."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of foro","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bondgård","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of bondgård","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"bondgård","lemma":"bondgård","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of foro","gloss":"farm"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gingo","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"många","lemma":"många","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies höns","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"höns","lemma":"höns","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of gingo","gloss":"hens"},{"surface":"gingo","lemma":"gingo","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"relative clause on bondgård","gloss":"went","note":"Past plural of gå (to go); mistagged as an adjective."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sopbacken","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"sopbacken","lemma":"sopback","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gingo","gloss":"rubbish heap"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"plockade","lemma":"plocka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with gingo","gloss":"picked"}]},{"number":108,"label":"","id":"ch38-p30-s2","source":"»En örn! En örn!» ropade hönsen och började springa för att söka skydd.","translation":"»An eagle! An eagle!» cried the hens and began to run to find shelter.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"En","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of örn","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"örn","lemma":"örn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"eagle"},{"surface":"En","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of örn","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"örn","lemma":"örn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"eagle"},{"surface":"ropade","lemma":"ropa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to örn","gloss":"called out"},{"surface":"hönsen","lemma":"höns","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of ropade","gloss":"the hens"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"började","lemma":"börja","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with ropade","gloss":"began"},{"surface":"springa","lemma":"springa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of började","gloss":"to run","note":"One cited example uses the homograph springa \"slit/crack\" (a different noun); this type is the infinitive verb \"to run\"."},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of söka","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of söka","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"söka","lemma":"söka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on springa","gloss":"search"},{"surface":"skydd","lemma":"skydd","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of söka","gloss":"shelter"}]},{"number":109,"label":"","id":"ch38-p30-s3","source":"Men Gorgo, som alltid hade hört örnarna omtalas som vilda ogärningsmän, kunde inte styra sin vrede.","translation":"But Gorgo, who had always heard eagles spoken of as wild evildoers, could not control his rage.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Gorgo","lemma":"Gorgo","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"depends on omtalas","gloss":"Gorgo","note":"Proper name of an eagle character."},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of passive omtalas","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"alltid","lemma":"alltid","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies omtalas","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of omtalas","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"hört","lemma":"höra","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"auxiliary of omtalas","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"örnarna","lemma":"örn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of passive omtalas","gloss":"eagles"},{"surface":"omtalas","lemma":"omtala","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"spoken of"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ogärningsmän","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"vilda","lemma":"vild","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies ogärningsmän","gloss":"wild"},{"surface":"ogärningsmän","lemma":"ogärningsmän","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"complement of omtalas","gloss":"evildoers"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of styra","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies styra","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"styra","lemma":"styra","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with omtalas","gloss":"to control"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of vrede","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"vrede","lemma":"vrede","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of styra","gloss":"anger"}]},{"number":110,"label":"","id":"ch38-p30-s4","source":"Han fällde samman vingarna, sköt ner till marken och slog klorna i en av hönorna.","translation":"He folded his wings together, shot down to the ground, and struck his claws into one of the hens.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fällde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"fällde","lemma":"fäläggl","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"folded"},{"surface":"samman","lemma":"samman","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on fällde","gloss":"together"},{"surface":"vingarna","lemma":"vingarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of fällde","gloss":"the wings","note":"lemma should be vinge 'wing'."},{"surface":"sköt","lemma":"sköt","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with fällde","gloss":"shot"},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on sköt","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking marken","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"marken","lemma":"mark","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sköt","gloss":"ground"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"slog","lemma":"slå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with sköt","gloss":"struck","note":"Light verb whose sense shifts with its particle (slog upp/ihop/omkull/sig ner)."},{"surface":"klorna","lemma":"klorna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of slog","gloss":"the claws"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking en","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of slog","gloss":"one","note":"Surfaces are only \"en\"/\"En\" used as a counting pronoun (\"en av dem\" = \"one of them\"), not the indefinite generic pronoun man/en (\"one does X\"). Lemma is mistagged as man; it should be en (numeral pronoun \"one\"). Gloss \"one\" happens to still be correct."},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hönorna","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"hönorna","lemma":"hönore","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies en","gloss":"the hens"}]},{"number":111,"label":"","id":"ch38-p30-s5","source":"»Jag ska lära dig, jag, att jag inte är en örn,» ropade han vredgad och högg till henne med näbben.","translation":"»I'll teach you, I will, that I am no eagle,» he cried in fury, and struck at her with his beak.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lära","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"ska","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of lära","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"lära","lemma":"lära","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"teach"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of lära","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"in apposition to lära","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of örn","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of örn","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies örn","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to örn","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of örn","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"örn","lemma":"örn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clausal complement of lära","gloss":"eagle"},{"surface":"ropade","lemma":"ropa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to lära","gloss":"called out"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ropade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"vredgad","lemma":"vredgad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of ropade","gloss":"enraged"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"högg","lemma":"högg","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"coordinated with vredgad","gloss":"struck at"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking henne","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"henne","lemma":"henne","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of högg","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking näbben","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"näbben","lemma":"näbbe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of högg","gloss":"beak"}]},{"number":112,"label":"31","id":"ch38-p31-s1","source":"I detsamma hörde han Akka ropa på honom uppifrån luften, och han höjde sig lydigt.","translation":"At that same moment he heard Akka calling to him from up in the air, and he rose obediently.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"I","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking detsamma","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"detsamma","lemma":"detsamma","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of hörde","gloss":"that same moment"},{"surface":"hörde","lemma":"höra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hörde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"direct object of hörde","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"ropa","lemma":"ropa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of hörde","gloss":"to call out"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking honom","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ropa","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"uppifrån","lemma":"uppifrån","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking luften","gloss":"from above"},{"surface":"luften","lemma":"luft","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ropa","gloss":"air"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of höjde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"höjde","lemma":"höjde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with hörde","gloss":"rose","note":"almost always reflexive höjde sig, 'rose (into the air)'."},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of höjde","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"lydigt","lemma":"lydig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies höjde","gloss":"obediently"}]},{"number":113,"label":"","id":"ch38-p31-s2","source":"Vildgåsen flög emot honom och började tukta honom.","translation":"The wild goose flew at him and began to discipline him.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vildgåsen","lemma":"vildgås","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of flög","gloss":"wild goose"},{"surface":"flög","lemma":"flög","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"flew","note":"Actually the past tense of flyga ('to fly'), mistagged here as present."},{"surface":"emot","lemma":"emot","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on flög","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of flög","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"började","lemma":"börja","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with flög","gloss":"began"},{"surface":"tukta","lemma":"tukta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of började","gloss":"to discipline"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tukta","gloss":"him"}]},{"number":114,"label":"","id":"ch38-p31-s3","source":"»Vad tar du dig för?» ropade hon och högg till honom med näbben.","translation":"»What do you think you're doing?» she cried, and struck at him with her beak.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vad","lemma":"vad","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of tar","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"tar","lemma":"ta","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"takes"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tar","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tar","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tar","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"ropade","lemma":"ropa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"called out"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ropade","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"högg","lemma":"högg","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"coordinated with ropade","gloss":"struck at"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking honom","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of högg","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking näbben","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"näbben","lemma":"näbbe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of högg","gloss":"beak"}]},{"number":115,"label":"","id":"ch38-p31-s4","source":"»Var det kanske din mening att riva ihjäl den stackars hönan?","translation":"»Was it perhaps your intention to tear the poor hen to death?","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Var","lemma":"var","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with mening","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"kanske","lemma":"kanske","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies mening","gloss":"perhaps"},{"surface":"din","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of mening","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"mening","lemma":"mening","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase Var","gloss":"intention"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of riva","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"riva","lemma":"riva","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clause modifying mening","gloss":"tear"},{"surface":"ihjäl","lemma":"ihjäl","morphology":"verb, past, participle, neuter, singular, nominative","role":"indirect object of riva","gloss":"to death","note":"Particle used with verbs like 'slå ihjäl' (kill) or 'riva ihjäl' (tear to death)."},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of stackars","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"stackars","lemma":"stackars","morphology":"adjective, genitive, masculine, singular","role":"parallel clause to mening","gloss":"poor","note":"invariant word expressing pity, 'poor' as in 'poor thing'."},{"surface":"hönan","lemma":"höna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of stackars","gloss":"hen"}]},{"number":116,"label":"","id":"ch38-p31-s5","source":"Du borde skämmas!»","translation":"You ought to be ashamed!»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of passive skämmas","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"borde","lemma":"böra","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of skämmas","gloss":"ought to","note":"Bare borde is simple past modal (\"ought to\"/\"should\"); the perfect sense (\"ought to have\") only appears when borde is followed by ha + supine in the sentence, as in three of the four examples — the fourth (\"borde släppa taget\") has no ha and translates as plain \"ought to.\""},{"surface":"skämmas","lemma":"skämma","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"be ashamed"}]},{"number":117,"label":"","id":"ch38-p31-s6","source":"Men när örnen utan att göra motstånd tog emot upptuktelse av vildgåsen, steg det upp en storm av gyckel och speord från de stora fågelskarorna, som omgåvo dem.","translation":"But when the eagle, without offering resistance, took the wild goose's correction, a storm of mockery and jeering words rose up from the great flocks of birds surrounding them.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of göra","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"örnen","lemma":"örn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of göra","gloss":"eagle"},{"surface":"utan","lemma":"utan","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of göra","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of göra","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"göra","lemma":"göra","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on tog","gloss":"offer"},{"surface":"motstånd","lemma":"motstånd","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of göra","gloss":"resistance"},{"surface":"tog","lemma":"ta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"took"},{"surface":"emot","lemma":"emot","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on tog","gloss":"took"},{"surface":"upptuktelse","lemma":"upptuktelse","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tog","gloss":"correction"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vildgåsen","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"vildgåsen","lemma":"vildgås","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies upptuktelse","gloss":"wild goose"},{"surface":"steg","lemma":"steg","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"coordinated with tog","gloss":"rose up","note":"The backbone tags this as imperative, but every example is past tense of stiga (to step/rise), not an imperative."},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of steg","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on steg","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of storm","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"storm","lemma":"storm","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of steg","gloss":"storm"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gyckel","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"gyckel","lemma":"gyckel","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies storm","gloss":"mockery"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"speord","lemma":"speord","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with gyckel","gloss":"jeering words"},{"surface":"från","lemma":"från","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fågelskarorna","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of fågelskarorna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"stora","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies fågelskarorna","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"fågelskarorna","lemma":"fågelskarorna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies speord","gloss":"the bird flocks"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of omgåvo","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"omgåvo","lemma":"omgåvo","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on storm","gloss":"surrounded","note":"Historical plural past form of omge, despite the present-tense label."},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of omgåvo","gloss":"them"}]},{"number":118,"label":"","id":"ch38-p31-s7","source":"Örnen hörde detta och vände sig mot Akka med vreda blickar, som om han hade velat anfalla henne.","translation":"The eagle heard this and turned toward Akka with angry looks, as though he had wanted to attack her.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Örnen","lemma":"Örnen","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hörde","gloss":"the eagle"},{"surface":"hörde","lemma":"höra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of hörde","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vände","lemma":"vändea","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with hörde","gloss":"turned"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of vände","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Akka","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of vände","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vreda","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"vreda","lemma":"vreda","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on vände","gloss":"angry"},{"surface":"blickar","lemma":"blicka","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with hörde","gloss":"glances/eyes","note":"Every example shows 'blickar' as the plural noun (his/her glances/eyes), subject of 'föllo' — not the present-tense verb 'blickar' (glances/gazes). Morphology tag is mislabeled verb; the idiom is 'hans blickar föll på' = 'his eyes/glance fell on'."},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of anfalla","gloss":"as though","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of velat","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of velat","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of velat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"velat","lemma":"vela","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on anfalla","gloss":"wanted","note":"lemma should be vilja 'to want'; velat is its supine form."},{"surface":"anfalla","lemma":"anfall","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on blickar","gloss":"attack"},{"surface":"henne","lemma":"henne","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of anfalla","gloss":"her"}]},{"number":119,"label":"","id":"ch38-p31-s8","source":"Men han ändrade hastigt sin avsikt, kastade sig med starka vingslag upp i luften, steg så högt, att intet rop kunde nå honom, och seglade omkring däruppe, så länge som vildgässen sågo honom.","translation":"But he quickly changed his mind, threw himself up into the air with powerful wingbeats, rose so high that no cry could reach him, and sailed about up there for as long as the wild geese could see him.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ändrade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ändrade","lemma":"ändra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"changed"},{"surface":"hastigt","lemma":"hastig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ändrade","gloss":"quickly"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of avsikt","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"avsikt","lemma":"avsikt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of ändrade","gloss":"intention"},{"surface":"kastade","lemma":"kasta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with ändrade","gloss":"threw"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of kastade","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vingslag","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"starka","lemma":"stark","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies vingslag","gloss":"strong"},{"surface":"vingslag","lemma":"vingslag","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of kastade","gloss":"wingbeats"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kastade","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking luften","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"luften","lemma":"luft","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of upp","gloss":"air"},{"surface":"steg","lemma":"steg","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"coordinated with ändrade","gloss":"rose","note":"The backbone tags this as imperative, but every example is past tense of stiga (to step/rise), not an imperative."},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies högt","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"högt","lemma":"hög","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies steg","gloss":"high"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of nå","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"intet","lemma":"int","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of rop","gloss":"nothing","note":"archaic pronoun 'intet' (nothing)."},{"surface":"rop","lemma":"rop","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of nå","gloss":"cry"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of nå","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"nå","lemma":"nå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on steg","gloss":"to reach"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of nå","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"seglade","lemma":"segla","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with nå","gloss":"sailed"},{"surface":"omkring","lemma":"omkring","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking däruppe","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"däruppe","lemma":"däruppe","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"oblique complement of seglade","gloss":"up there"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies länge","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"länge","lemma":"länge","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies seglade","gloss":"for as long as"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sågo","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sågo","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"sågo","lemma":"sågoa","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on seglade","gloss":"saw","note":"Lemma/tag are corrupted; sågo is the plural past tense of se (\"saw\"), not a noun or present tense."},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of sågo","gloss":"him"}]},{"number":120,"label":"32","id":"ch38-p32-s1","source":"Tre dagar därefter visade han sig åter i vildgåsflocken.","translation":"Three days later he showed himself again among the wild-goose flock.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tre","lemma":"tre","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies dagar","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"dagar","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of visade","gloss":"days"},{"surface":"därefter","lemma":"därefter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies visade","gloss":"afterward"},{"surface":"visade","lemma":"visa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"showed"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of visade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of visade","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"åter","lemma":"åter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies visade","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vildgåsflocken","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"vildgåsflocken","lemma":"vildgåsflock","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of åter","gloss":"flock of wild geese"}]},{"number":121,"label":"33","id":"ch38-p33-s1","source":"»Jag vet nu vem jag är,» sade han till Akka.","translation":"»I know now who I am,» he said to Akka.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vet","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"vet","lemma":"veta","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"knows"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vet","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"vem","lemma":"vem","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of är","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of är","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of vet","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to vet","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Akka","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of sade","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."}]},{"number":122,"label":"","id":"ch38-p33-s2","source":"»Eftersom jag är en örn, måste jag leva så, som det anstår en örn, men jag tycker, att vi kan vara vänner i alla fall.","translation":"»Since I am an eagle, I must live as befits an eagle, but I think we can still be friends all the same.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Eftersom","lemma":"eftersom","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of örn","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of örn","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to örn","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of örn","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"örn","lemma":"örn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial clause on leva","gloss":"eagle"},{"surface":"måste","lemma":"måste","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of leva","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of leva","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"leva","lemma":"leva","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to live"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies leva","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"subject of anstår","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with anstår","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"anstår","lemma":"anstå","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on leva","gloss":"befits"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of örn","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"örn","lemma":"örn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of anstår","gloss":"eagle"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tycker","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"tycker","lemma":"tycka","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with leva","gloss":"think"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vänner","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of vänner","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of vänner","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"vara","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to vänner","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"vänner","lemma":"vänn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"clausal complement of tycker","gloss":"friends"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fall","gloss":"all the same"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of fall","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"fall","lemma":"fall","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of vänner","gloss":"cases"}]},{"number":123,"label":"","id":"ch38-p33-s3","source":"Dig eller någon av de dina ska jag aldrig angripa.»","translation":"You, or any of yours, I will never attack.»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Dig","lemma":"Dig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of angripa","gloss":"you","note":"Archaic capitalized form of 'dig' (you, object case)."},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"någon","lemma":"någon","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Dig","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dina","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of dina","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"dina","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"modifies någon","gloss":"your","note":"This entry is really the possessive \"dina\" (plural agreement), mistagged under the lemma du."},{"surface":"ska","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of angripa","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of angripa","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"aldrig","lemma":"aldrig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies angripa","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"angripa","lemma":"angripa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"attack"}]},{"number":124,"label":"34","id":"ch38-p34-s1","source":"Men Akka hade satt sin stolthet i att det skulle lyckas henne att uppfostra en örn till en from och ofarlig fågel, och hon kunde inte tåla, att han ville leva efter sitt tycke.","translation":"But Akka had set her pride on succeeding in raising an eagle into a gentle and harmless bird, and she could not bear that he wanted to live according to his own liking.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of satt","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of satt","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"satt","lemma":"sitta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sat"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of stolthet","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"stolthet","lemma":"stolthet","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of satt","gloss":"pride"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of lyckas","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of lyckas","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with lyckas","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of lyckas","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"lyckas","lemma":"lycka","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on satt","gloss":"succeed"},{"surface":"henne","lemma":"henne","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of lyckas","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of uppfostra","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"uppfostra","lemma":"uppfostra","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of lyckas","gloss":"raise"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of örn","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"örn","lemma":"örn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of uppfostra","gloss":"eagle"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking from","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of from","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"from","lemma":"from","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies örn","gloss":"gentle"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ofarlig","lemma":"ofarlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies fågel","gloss":"harmless"},{"surface":"fågel","lemma":"fågel","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with örn","gloss":"bird"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tåla","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tåla","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies tåla","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"tåla","lemma":"tåla","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with satt","gloss":"bear"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of leva","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of leva","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ville","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of leva","gloss":"wanted to"},{"surface":"leva","lemma":"leva","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of tåla","gloss":"to live"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tycke","gloss":"according to"},{"surface":"sitt","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of tycke","gloss":"his own","note":"possessive reflexive sitt, agreeing with a neuter noun."},{"surface":"tycke","lemma":"tycke","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of leva","gloss":"liking"}]},{"number":125,"label":"","id":"ch38-p34-s2","source":"»Tror du, att jag vill vara vän med en fågelätare?» sade hon.","translation":"»Do you think I want to be friends with a bird of prey?» said she.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Tror","lemma":"Tror","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"think/believe"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Tror","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vän","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vän","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"vill","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of vän","gloss":"want to"},{"surface":"vara","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to vän","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"vän","lemma":"vän","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clausal complement of Tror","gloss":"friend"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fågelätare","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of fågelätare","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"fågelätare","lemma":"fågelätare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of vän","gloss":"bird-eater","note":"a predator that eats birds, i.e. bird of prey."},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"she"}]},{"number":126,"label":"","id":"ch38-p34-s3","source":"»Lev så, som jag har lärt dig att leva, så ska du få följa med i min fylking som förut!»","translation":"»Live as I have taught you to live, and you shall be allowed to follow along in my formation as before!»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Lev","lemma":"Lev","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"depends on följa","gloss":"live"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Lev","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of lärt","gloss":"as","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lärt","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of lärt","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"lärt","lemma":"lära","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"relative clause on Lev","gloss":"learned"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of lärt","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of leva","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"leva","lemma":"leva","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on lärt","gloss":"to live"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial clause on följa","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"ska","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of följa","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of följa","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"få","lemma":"få","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of följa","gloss":"be allowed to"},{"surface":"följa","lemma":"följa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to follow"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on följa","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fylking","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"min","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of fylking","gloss":"my","note":"possessive form min of the pronoun jag."},{"surface":"fylking","lemma":"fylking","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of följa","gloss":"formation"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of förut","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"förut","lemma":"förut","morphology":"adverb","role":"relative clause on fylking","gloss":"before"}]},{"number":127,"label":"35","id":"ch38-p35-s1","source":"De voro båda stolta och oböjliga, och ingen av dem ville ge vika.","translation":"They were both proud and unbending, and neither of them would give way.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of ge","gloss":"they","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"clause modifying De","gloss":"were","note":"archaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective."},{"surface":"båda","lemma":"båda","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies stolta","gloss":"both"},{"surface":"stolta","lemma":"stolt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with voro","gloss":"proud"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"oböjliga","lemma":"oböjlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with stolta","gloss":"unbending"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ge","gloss":"no one"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"modifies ingen","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"ville","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ge","gloss":"wanted to"},{"surface":"ge","lemma":"ge","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to give"},{"surface":"vika","lemma":"vika","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"direct object of ge","gloss":"give way"}]},{"number":128,"label":"","id":"ch38-p35-s2","source":"Det slutade så, att Akka förbjöd örnen att visa sig i hennes närhet, och hennes vrede mot honom var så stark, att ingen vågade nämna hans namn i hennes närvaro.","translation":"It ended with Akka forbidding the eagle to show himself in her presence, and her anger against him was so strong that no one dared speak his name in her hearing.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of slutade","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"slutade","lemma":"sluta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stopped"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies slutade","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of förbjöd","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"adverbial clause on förbjöd","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"förbjöd","lemma":"förbjöd","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to slutade","gloss":"forbade"},{"surface":"örnen","lemma":"örn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of förbjöd","gloss":"eagle"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of visa","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"visa","lemma":"visa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clause modifying örnen","gloss":"to show"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of visa","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking närhet","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"hennes","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of närhet","gloss":"her","note":"possessive form hennes of the pronoun hon."},{"surface":"närhet","lemma":"närhet","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of visa","gloss":"vicinity"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hennes","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of vrede","gloss":"her","note":"possessive form hennes of the pronoun hon."},{"surface":"vrede","lemma":"vrede","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of stark","gloss":"anger"},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking honom","gloss":"against"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies vrede","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to stark","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stark","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"stark","lemma":"stark","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with förbjöd","gloss":"strong"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vågade","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vågade","gloss":"no one"},{"surface":"vågade","lemma":"våga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on stark","gloss":"dared"},{"surface":"nämna","lemma":"nämna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of vågade","gloss":"mention"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of namn","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"namn","lemma":"namn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of nämna","gloss":"name"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking närvaro","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"hennes","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of närvaro","gloss":"her","note":"possessive form hennes of the pronoun hon."},{"surface":"närvaro","lemma":"närvaro","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of nämna","gloss":"presence"}]},{"number":129,"label":"36","id":"ch38-p36-s1","source":"Sedan den tiden drog Gorgo kring landet, ensam och skydd som alla storrövare.","translation":"From that time on Gorgo roamed the land, alone and shunned like all great robbers.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sedan","lemma":"sedan","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"preposition marking tiden","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of tiden","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"tiden","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of drog","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"drog","lemma":"dra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"pulled"},{"surface":"Gorgo","lemma":"Gorgo","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of drog","gloss":"Gorgo","note":"Proper name of an eagle character; mistagged as a common noun plural."},{"surface":"kring","lemma":"kring","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking landet","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"landet","lemma":"land","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies Gorgo","gloss":"land"},{"surface":"ensam","lemma":"ensam","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial clause on drog","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"skydd","lemma":"skydd","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with ensam","gloss":"shelter"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"conjunction","role":"part of the phrase ensam","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of storrövare","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"storrövare","lemma":"storrövare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of drog","gloss":"great robbers"}]},{"number":130,"label":"","id":"ch38-p36-s2","source":"Han var ofta vid dystert lynne, och säkerligen längtade han mången gång tillbaka till den tiden, då han trodde sig vara en vildgås och lekte med de glada gässlingarna.","translation":"He was often in gloomy spirits, and no doubt he longed many a time to go back to the days when he had believed himself a wild goose and played with the happy goslings.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lynne","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to lynne","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"ofta","lemma":"ofta","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lynne","gloss":"often"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lynne","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"dystert","lemma":"dyster","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lynne","gloss":"gloomy","note":"Both examples have adjectival dystert modifying lynne in the fixed phrase vid dystert lynne ('in gloomy spirits'); 'gloomily' is the wrong part of speech."},{"surface":"lynne","lemma":"lynne","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"mood"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"säkerligen","lemma":"säkerligen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies längtade","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"längtade","lemma":"längtad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with lynne","gloss":"longed","note":"Past tense of the verb 'längta' (to long/yearn); mistagged as an adjective."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of längtade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"mången","lemma":"mång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of längtade","gloss":"many a (one)","note":"surface mången, an archaic indefinite pronoun/adjective, not a noun."},{"surface":"gång","lemma":"gång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of längtade","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"tillbaka","lemma":"tillbaka","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gång","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tiden","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of tiden","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"tiden","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of tillbaka","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of trodde","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of trodde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"trodde","lemma":"tro","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on tiden","gloss":"believed"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of trodde","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"vara","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to vildgås","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of vildgås","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"vildgås","lemma":"vildgås","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clausal complement of trodde","gloss":"wild goose"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lekte","lemma":"leka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with vildgås","gloss":"played"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gässlingarna","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of gässlingarna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"glada","lemma":"glad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies gässlingarna","gloss":"glad"},{"surface":"gässlingarna","lemma":"gässlinga","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of lekte","gloss":"goslings"}]},{"number":131,"label":"","id":"ch38-p36-s3","source":"Bland djuren hade han stort rykte för djärvhet.","translation":"Among the animals he had a great reputation for boldness.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Bland","lemma":"bland","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking djuren","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"djuren","lemma":"djur","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of hade","gloss":"animals"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"stort","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies rykte","gloss":"great","note":"Adverbial use of stor ('big'); e.g. 'inte stort' = 'not much'."},{"surface":"rykte","lemma":"rykte","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"reputation"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking djärvhet","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"djärvhet","lemma":"djärvhet","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of hade","gloss":"boldness"}]},{"number":132,"label":"","id":"ch38-p36-s4","source":"De brukade säga, att han inte fruktade någon utom sin fostermor, Akka.","translation":"They used to say that he feared no one but his foster mother, Akka.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of brukade","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"brukade","lemma":"bruka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"used to"},{"surface":"säga","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on brukade","gloss":"to say"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fruktade","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fruktade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies fruktade","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"fruktade","lemma":"frukta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on brukade","gloss":"feared"},{"surface":"någon","lemma":"någon","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of fruktade","gloss":"no one"},{"surface":"utom","lemma":"utom","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fostermor","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of fostermor","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"fostermor","lemma":"fostermor","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of fruktade","gloss":"foster mother"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"direct object of fruktade","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."}]},{"number":133,"label":"","id":"ch38-p36-s5","source":"De visste också att berätta om honom, att han aldrig hade förgripit sig på en vildgås.","translation":"They could also tell of him that he had never once laid hands on a wild goose.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of visste","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"visste","lemma":"visste","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"också","lemma":"också","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies visste","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of berätta","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"berätta","lemma":"berätta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on visste","gloss":"to tell"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking honom","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of berätta","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of förgripit","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of förgripit","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"aldrig","lemma":"aldrig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies förgripit","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of förgripit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"förgripit","lemma":"förgripit","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"clausal complement of berätta","gloss":"laid hands on"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of förgripit","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vildgås","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of vildgås","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"vildgås","lemma":"vildgås","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of förgripit","gloss":"wild goose"}]},{"number":134,"label":"37","id":"ch38-p37-s1","source":"I FÅNGENSKAPEN.","translation":"IN CAPTIVITY.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"I","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking FÅNGENSKAPEN","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"FÅNGENSKAPEN","lemma":"fÅNGENSKAPEN","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"IN CAPTIVITY"}]},{"number":135,"label":"38","id":"ch38-p38-s1","source":"Gorgo var bara tre år gammal och hade ännu inte tänkt på att skaffa sig hustru och bli bofast, när han en dag blev fångad av en jägare och såld till Skansen.","translation":"Gorgo was only three years old and had not yet thought of getting himself a wife and settling down, when one day he was caught by a hunter and sold to Skansen.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Gorgo","lemma":"Gorgo","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"subject of gammal","gloss":"Gorgo","note":"Proper name (a wild goose/duck character) mistagged as an adjective."},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to gammal","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"bara","lemma":"bara","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gammal","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"tre","lemma":"tre","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies år","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"år","lemma":"år","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of gammal","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"gammal","lemma":"gammal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with gammal","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"ännu","lemma":"ännu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tänkt","gloss":"yet"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies tänkt","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"tänkt","lemma":"tänka","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on gammal","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of skaffa","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of skaffa","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"skaffa","lemma":"skaffa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on tänkt","gloss":"to get"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"indirect object of skaffa","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"hustru","lemma":"hustru","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of skaffa","gloss":"wife"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bli","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with skaffa","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"bofast","lemma":"bofast","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bli","gloss":"settled"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fångad","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fångad","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of dag","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"dag","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of fångad","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"bli","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"passive auxiliary of fångad","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"fångad","lemma":"fångad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial clause on bli","gloss":"caught"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking jägare","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of jägare","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"jägare","lemma":"jägare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"agent of fångad","gloss":"hunter"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"såld","lemma":"såld","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with jägare","gloss":"sold"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Skansen","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Skansen","lemma":"Skansen","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"modifies jägare","gloss":"Skansen"}]},{"number":136,"label":"","id":"ch38-p38-s2","source":"Där funnos redan förut ett par örnar.","translation":"There a pair of eagles were already kept.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies örnar","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"funnos","lemma":"funnos","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"subject of örnar","gloss":"there were","note":"Archaic plural past tense of 'finnas' (to exist), mislabeled as imperative."},{"surface":"redan","lemma":"redan","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies förut","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"förut","lemma":"förut","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies funnos","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of par","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"par","lemma":"par","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies örnar","gloss":"couple"},{"surface":"örnar","lemma":"örn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"eagles"}]},{"number":137,"label":"","id":"ch38-p38-s3","source":"De höllos fångna i en bur, som var uppförd av järnstänger och ståltråd.","translation":"They were held captive in a cage built of iron bars and steel wire.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"höllos","title":"Archaic s-passive, plural","body":"«höllos» is the plural s-passive of «hålla» ('höllos fångna' = 'were held captive'). The «-s» ending forms the passive voice in Swedish; the extra «-o» is the archaic plural agreement dropped in modern Swedish, which would simply write «hölls»."}],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of höllos","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"höllos","lemma":"höllos","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of fångna","gloss":"were held","note":"Archaic plural passive past form of hålla."},{"surface":"fångna","lemma":"fången","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"captive"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bur","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of bur","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"bur","lemma":"bur","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of fångna","gloss":"cage"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of uppförd","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to uppförd","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"uppförd","lemma":"uppförd","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"relative clause on bur","gloss":"built"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking järnstänger","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"järnstänger","lemma":"järnstäng","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"agent of uppförd","gloss":"iron bars"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ståltråd","lemma":"ståltråd","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with järnstänger","gloss":"steel wire"}]},{"number":138,"label":"","id":"ch38-p38-s4","source":"Den stod ute i det fria och var så stor, att man hade kunnat flytta dit ett par träd och lägga upp ett rätt stort stenkummel därinne, för att örnarna skulle känna sig hemmastadda.","translation":"It stood out in the open and was so large that one could have moved a couple of trees into it and set up a good-sized rock cairn inside, so that the eagles would feel at home.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of stod","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"stod","lemma":"stå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"ute","lemma":"ute","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stod","gloss":"outside"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fria","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of fria","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"fria","lemma":"fri","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"oblique complement of stod","gloss":"free"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"adverb","role":"copula linking to stor","gloss":"was","note":"This is the past tense \"var\" of vara (\"to be\"), not an adverb; the parser mistagged it."},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stor","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with stod","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of flytta","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of flytta","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of flytta","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"kunnat","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, supine","role":"auxiliary of flytta","gloss":"been able to"},{"surface":"flytta","lemma":"flytta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on stor","gloss":"move"},{"surface":"dit","lemma":"dit","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies flytta","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of par","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"par","lemma":"par","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies träd","gloss":"couple"},{"surface":"träd","lemma":"träd","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of flytta","gloss":"trees"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lägga","lemma":"lägga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with flytta","gloss":"to lay/put"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on lägga","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of stenkummel","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"rätt","lemma":"rätt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stort","gloss":"fairly"},{"surface":"stort","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies stenkummel","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"stenkummel","lemma":"stenkummel","morphology":"noun","role":"direct object of lägga","gloss":"rock cairn"},{"surface":"därinne","lemma":"därinne","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lägga","gloss":"in there"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of känna","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of känna","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"örnarna","lemma":"örnarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of känna","gloss":"the eagles"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of känna","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"känna","lemma":"känna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on flytta","gloss":"to feel"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"indirect object of känna","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"hemmastadda","lemma":"hemmastadd","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"complement of känna","gloss":"at home"}]},{"number":139,"label":"","id":"ch38-p38-s5","source":"Men trots allt detta vantrivdes fåglarna.","translation":"But despite all this the birds did not thrive.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"trots","lemma":"trots","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies vantrivdes","gloss":"despite"},{"surface":"allt","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"part of the phrase trots","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"part of the phrase trots","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"vantrivdes","lemma":"vantrivdes","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"did not thrive"},{"surface":"fåglarna","lemma":"fåglarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of passive vantrivdes","gloss":"the birds"}]},{"number":140,"label":"","id":"ch38-p38-s6","source":"De sutto nästan hela dagen orörliga på en och samma plats.","translation":"They sat nearly the whole day motionless in one and the same spot.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of sutto","gloss":"they","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"sutto","lemma":"sutto","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of orörliga","gloss":"sat","note":"Archaic plural past tense of sitta (they sat), not a noun."},{"surface":"nästan","lemma":"nästan","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hela","gloss":"almost"},{"surface":"hela","lemma":"hel","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies dagen","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"dagen","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies sutto","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"orörliga","lemma":"orörlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"motionless"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking plats","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"numeral, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"quantifies plats","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"part of the phrase en","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"samma","lemma":"samma","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of plats","gloss":"the same"},{"surface":"plats","lemma":"plats","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of orörliga","gloss":"place"}]},{"number":141,"label":"","id":"ch38-p38-s7","source":"Deras vackra, mörka fjäderskrudar blevo ruggiga och glanslösa, och deras ögon stirrade under hopplös längtan ut i luften.","translation":"Their beautiful, dark plumage grew ragged and dull, and their eyes stared out into the air in hopeless longing.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Deras","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of fjäderskrudar","gloss":"their","note":"possessive form deras of the plural pronoun de."},{"surface":"vackra","lemma":"vacker","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies fjäderskrudar","gloss":"beautiful"},{"surface":"mörka","lemma":"mörk","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies fjäderskrudar","gloss":"dark"},{"surface":"fjäderskrudar","lemma":"fjäderskrued","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of blevo","gloss":"feather coats"},{"surface":"blevo","lemma":"blevo","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"became","note":"Archaic plural past tense of bli (\"to become\"), not an adverb; the parser mistagged it."},{"surface":"ruggiga","lemma":"ruggig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"complement of blevo","gloss":"ruffled","note":"In the second example, kulna supplies the sense 'chilled/shivering'; ruggiga describes the birds' disordered or fluffed-up plumage."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"glanslösa","lemma":"glanslös","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with ruggiga","gloss":"dull"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"deras","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of ögon","gloss":"their","note":"possessive form deras of the plural pronoun de."},{"surface":"ögon","lemma":"ögon","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of stirrade","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"stirrade","lemma":"stirra","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with blevo","gloss":"stared","note":"Really the past tense of the verb stirra ('to stare'), mistagged here as an adjective."},{"surface":"under","lemma":"under","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking längtan","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"hopplös","lemma":"hopplös","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies längtan","gloss":"hopeless"},{"surface":"längtan","lemma":"längtan","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stirrade","gloss":"longing"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies längtan","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking luften","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"luften","lemma":"luft","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ut","gloss":"air"}]},{"number":142,"label":"39","id":"ch38-p39-s1","source":"Första veckan, då Gorgo befann sig i fångenskap, var han ännu vaken och livlig, men sedan började en tung dåsighet smyga sig över honom.","translation":"The first week that Gorgo found himself in captivity, he was still awake and lively, but afterward a heavy drowsiness began to creep over him.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Första","lemma":"Första","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies veckan","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"veckan","lemma":"vecka","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of smyga","gloss":"week"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies befann","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"Gorgo","lemma":"Gorgo","morphology":"adverb","role":"subject of befann","gloss":"Gorgo","note":"Proper name of the eagle, not an adverb."},{"surface":"befann","lemma":"befanna","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on veckan","gloss":"found himself","note":"Reflexive 'befann sig' means 'was located/found himself'; lemma should be 'befinna'."},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of befann","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fångenskap","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"fångenskap","lemma":"fångenskap","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of befann","gloss":"captivity"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on smyga","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"depends on var","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ännu","lemma":"ännu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vaken","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"vaken","lemma":"vak","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase var","gloss":"awake","note":"All four examples in this chunk use \"vaken\" as the adjective (awake), not the noun \"vak\" (ice-hole); the primary gloss should be \"awake\" here, though the ice-hole noun sense also occurs elsewhere in the book under this same conflated surface."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"livlig","lemma":"livlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with vaken","gloss":"lively"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"sedan","lemma":"sedan","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies började","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"började","lemma":"börja","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on smyga","gloss":"began"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of dåsighet","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"tung","lemma":"tung","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies dåsighet","gloss":"heavy"},{"surface":"dåsighet","lemma":"dåsighet","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of började","gloss":"drowsiness"},{"surface":"smyga","lemma":"smyga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to sneak"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of smyga","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking honom","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of smyga","gloss":"him"}]},{"number":143,"label":"","id":"ch38-p39-s2","source":"Han blev sittande stilla på samma plats liksom de andra örnarna, stirrade rätt framför sig utan att se något och visste inte mer hur dagarna gingo.","translation":"He sat still in one place like the other eagles, staring straight ahead without seeing anything, and no longer knew how the days went by.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"sittande","lemma":"sitta","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"complement of blev","gloss":"sitting"},{"surface":"stilla","lemma":"stilla","morphology":"adverb","role":"complement of blev","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking plats","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"samma","lemma":"samma","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of plats","gloss":"the same"},{"surface":"plats","lemma":"plats","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stilla","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"liksom","lemma":"liksom","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of örnarna","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of örnarna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies örnarna","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"örnarna","lemma":"örnarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"clause modifying plats","gloss":"the eagles"},{"surface":"stirrade","lemma":"stirra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clause modifying plats","gloss":"stared"},{"surface":"rätt","lemma":"rätt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of stirrade","gloss":"right"},{"surface":"framför","lemma":"framför","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sig","gloss":"in front of"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"oblique complement of stirrade","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"utan","lemma":"utan","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on stirrade","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"något","lemma":"någon","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of se","gloss":"anything"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"visste","lemma":"visste","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with se","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies visste","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"mer","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies visste","gloss":"longer"},{"surface":"hur","lemma":"hur","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dagarna","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"dagarna","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of gingo","gloss":"days"},{"surface":"gingo","lemma":"gingo","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"complement of visste","gloss":"went","note":"Past plural of gå (to go); mistagged as an adjective."}]},{"number":144,"label":"40","id":"ch38-p40-s1","source":"En morgon, då Gorgo satt i sin vanliga dvala, hörde han, att någon kallade på honom nerifrån marken.","translation":"One morning, as Gorgo sat in his usual stupor, he heard someone calling to him from down on the ground.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"En","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of morgon","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"morgon","lemma":"morgon","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"morning"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies satt","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"Gorgo","lemma":"Gorgo","morphology":"adverb","role":"subject of satt","gloss":"Gorgo","note":"Proper name of the eagle, not an adverb."},{"surface":"satt","lemma":"sitta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on morgon","gloss":"sat"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dvala","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of dvala","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"vanliga","lemma":"vanlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies dvala","gloss":"ordinary"},{"surface":"dvala","lemma":"dvala","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"oblique complement of satt","gloss":"stupor"},{"surface":"hörde","lemma":"höra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with satt","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hörde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kallade","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"någon","lemma":"någon","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kallade","gloss":"someone"},{"surface":"kallade","lemma":"kalla","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on satt","gloss":"called"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking honom","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kallade","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"nerifrån","lemma":"nerifrån","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies marken","gloss":"from below"},{"surface":"marken","lemma":"mark","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kallade","gloss":"ground"}]},{"number":145,"label":"","id":"ch38-p40-s2","source":"Han var så dåsig, att han knappt orkade göra sig mödan att sänka blickarna.","translation":"He was so drowsy that he could hardly bring himself to lower his eyes.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of dåsig","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to dåsig","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dåsig","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"dåsig","lemma":"dåsig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"drowsy"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of orkade","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of orkade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"knappt","lemma":"knappt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies orkade","gloss":"hardly"},{"surface":"orkade","lemma":"orka","morphology":"verb, past, participle, plural, nominative","role":"adverbial clause on dåsig","gloss":"bring himself to"},{"surface":"göra","lemma":"göra","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of orkade","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"indirect object of göra","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"mödan","lemma":"mödan","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of göra","gloss":"the trouble"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of sänka","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"sänka","lemma":"sänka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on orkade","gloss":"lower","note":"A homograph noun sänka (\"hollow, dip in the ground\") also occurs in the corpus and is unrelated."},{"surface":"blickarna","lemma":"blick","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of sänka","gloss":"glances"}]},{"number":146,"label":"","id":"ch38-p40-s3","source":"»Vem är det, som ropar på mig?» frågade han.","translation":"»Who is it that's calling me?» he asked.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vem","lemma":"vem","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Vem","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with Vem","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of ropar","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"ropar","lemma":"ropa","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on det","gloss":"calls"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mig","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ropar","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"frågade","lemma":"fråga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of frågade","gloss":"he"}]},{"number":147,"label":"","id":"ch38-p40-s4","source":"— »Men, Gorgo, känner du inte igen mig?","translation":"— »Why, Gorgo, don't you know me?","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Gorgo","lemma":"Gorgo","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Gorgo","note":"Proper name (a wild goose/duck character) mistagged as an adjective."},{"surface":"känner","lemma":"känna","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to Gorgo","gloss":"feels"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of känner","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies känner","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"igen","lemma":"igen","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on känner","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of känner","gloss":"me"}]},{"number":148,"label":"","id":"ch38-p40-s5","source":"Det är Tummetott, som brukade flyga omkring med vildgässen.»","translation":"It's Thumbietot, who used to fly about with the wild geese.»","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Tummetott","title":"Nils's nickname","body":"«Tummetott» ('Thumbietot') is the name Nils Holgersson goes by after being shrunk to elf-size — a diminutive coined from «tumme» ('thumb'), used by the animals throughout the book instead of his human name."}],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of Tummetott","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Tummetott","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"Tummetott","lemma":"Tummetott","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Thumbietot","note":"the boy's nickname after being shrunk; kept as the studio translation's rendering."},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of brukade","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"brukade","lemma":"bruka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"depends on Tummetott","gloss":"used to"},{"surface":"flyga","lemma":"flyga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of brukade","gloss":"fly"},{"surface":"omkring","lemma":"omkring","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vildgässen","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vildgässen","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of flyga","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."}]},{"number":149,"label":"","id":"ch38-p40-s6","source":"— »Är Akka också fången?» frågade Gorgo i en ton, som om han sökte reda tankarna efter en lång sömn.","translation":"— »Is Akka a captive too?» asked Gorgo, in a tone as though he were trying to gather his thoughts after a long sleep.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Akka","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"Akka"},{"surface":"också","lemma":"också","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Akka","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"fången","lemma":"fång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Akka","gloss":"captive","note":"Predicate use of the past participle of fånga ('to catch'); tagged as noun but functions adjectivally."},{"surface":"frågade","lemma":"fråga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"Gorgo","lemma":"Gorgo","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of frågade","gloss":"Gorgo","note":"Proper name of an eagle character; mistagged as a common noun plural."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ton","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of ton","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ton","lemma":"ton","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of frågade","gloss":"tone"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of sökte","gloss":"as though","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sökte","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sökte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"sökte","lemma":"söka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on ton","gloss":"tried"},{"surface":"reda","lemma":"reda","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on sökte","gloss":"find out","note":"part of the fixed expression leta/taga/söka reda på, 'find out'; all four attested examples mean find/know, not organize/sort."},{"surface":"tankarna","lemma":"tankarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of sökte","gloss":"the thoughts"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sömn","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of sömn","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"lång","lemma":"lång","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies sömn","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"sömn","lemma":"sömn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sökte","gloss":"sleep"}]},{"number":150,"label":"","id":"ch38-p40-s7","source":"— »Nej, Akka och den vita gåskarlen och hela flocken är nog välbehållna oppe i Lappland vid det här laget,» sade pojken.","translation":"— »No, Akka and the white gander and the whole flock are surely safe and sound up in Lapland by now,» said the boy.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nej","lemma":"nej","morphology":"interjection","role":"subject of oppe","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"parallel clause to Nej","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of gåskarlen","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"vita","lemma":"vit","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies gåskarlen","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"gåskarlen","lemma":"gåskarl","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"coordinated with Akka","gloss":"gander","note":"morphology tag says plural but the surfaces are the singular definite/indefinite forms of gåskarl."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hela","lemma":"hel","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies flocken","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"flocken","lemma":"flock","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Nej","gloss":"flock"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to oppe","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"nog","lemma":"nog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies oppe","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"välbehållna","lemma":"välbehålln","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies oppe","gloss":"safe and sound"},{"surface":"oppe","lemma":"oppe","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"up","note":"Oppe is an older spelling or form of modern uppe."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Lappland","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Lappland","lemma":"Lappland","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"modifies oppe","gloss":"Lapland"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking laget","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of laget","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase det","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"laget","lemma":"lag","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of oppe","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to oppe","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"boy"}]},{"number":151,"label":"","id":"ch38-p40-s8","source":"»Det är bara jag, som är fången här.»","translation":"»It's only I who am a captive here.»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with jag","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to jag","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"bara","lemma":"bara","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies jag","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of fången","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to fången","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"fången","lemma":"fång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"relative clause on jag","gloss":"captive","note":"Predicate use of the past participle of fånga ('to catch'); tagged as noun but functions adjectivally."},{"surface":"här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fången","gloss":"here"}]},{"number":152,"label":"41","id":"ch38-p41-s1","source":"Medan pojken talade, såg han, att Gorgo vände bort blickarna och började stirra rätt ut i luften på samma sätt som förut.","translation":"While the boy was speaking, he saw Gorgo turn his eyes away and begin to stare straight out into the air just as before.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Medan","lemma":"medan","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of talade","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of talade","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"talade","lemma":"tala","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on såg","gloss":"spoke"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"såga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"saw","note":"Mislemmatized: surface is 'såg', the past tense of se ('to see'/'looked'), in both examples ('såg han sig om' = 'looked around'), not a form of såga ('to saw'). Gloss corrected to 'saw' (as in 'he saw/looked')."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vände","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Gorgo","lemma":"Gorgo","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of vände","gloss":"Gorgo","note":"Proper name (the eagle), mistagged as adjective by the parser."},{"surface":"vände","lemma":"vääggn","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of såg","gloss":"turned","note":"Lemma is garbled; surface vände is the past tense of vända (\"to turn\")."},{"surface":"bort","lemma":"bort","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on vände","gloss":"away"},{"surface":"blickarna","lemma":"blickarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of vände","gloss":"his eyes","note":"'blickarna' = the gazes/glances, used for 'his eyes'."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"började","lemma":"börja","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with vände","gloss":"began"},{"surface":"stirra","lemma":"stirra","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies rätt","gloss":"stare"},{"surface":"rätt","lemma":"rätt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of började","gloss":"right"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies började","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking luften","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"luften","lemma":"luft","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ut","gloss":"air"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sätt","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"samma","lemma":"samma","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of sätt","gloss":"the same"},{"surface":"sätt","lemma":"sätt","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of började","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of förut","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"förut","lemma":"förut","morphology":"adverb","role":"clause modifying sätt","gloss":"before"}]},{"number":153,"label":"","id":"ch38-p41-s2","source":"»Kungsörn!» ropade pojken.","translation":"»Golden eagle!» cried the boy.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Kungsörn","title":"'King eagle' = golden eagle","body":"«Kungsörn» (literally 'king eagle') is the ordinary Swedish name for the golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos), Sweden's largest bird of prey — the species Gorgo belongs to."}],"words":[{"surface":"Kungsörn","lemma":"Kungsörn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"golden eagle"},{"surface":"ropade","lemma":"ropa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"called out"},{"surface":"pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ropade","gloss":"boy"}]},{"number":154,"label":"","id":"ch38-p41-s3","source":"»Jag har inte glömt, att du en gång bar mig tillbaka till vildgässen, och att du sparade den vita gåskarlens liv.","translation":"»I haven't forgotten that you once carried me back to the wild geese, and that you spared the white gander's life.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of glömt","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of glömt","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies glömt","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"glömt","lemma":"glömma","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"forgotten"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of bar","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bar","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of gång","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gång","lemma":"gång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of bar","gloss":"once"},{"surface":"bar","lemma":"bara","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of glömt","gloss":"carried","note":"Lemma tag is odd; surface 'bar' is the past tense of bära, 'to carry', also used idiomatically in 'det bar av' = 'off they went'."},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of bar","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"tillbaka","lemma":"tillbaka","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bar","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vildgässen","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of tillbaka","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sparade","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sparade","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"sparade","lemma":"spara","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with bar","gloss":"spared"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of gåskarlens","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"vita","lemma":"vit","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies gåskarlens","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"gåskarlens","lemma":"gåskarl","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of liv","gloss":"gander's"},{"surface":"liv","lemma":"liv","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of sparade","gloss":"life"}]},{"number":155,"label":"","id":"ch38-p41-s4","source":"Säg om jag på något sätt kan bistå dig!»","translation":"Tell me if there's any way I can help you!»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Säg","lemma":"säg","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"subject of bistå","gloss":"tell"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of bistå","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bistå","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sätt","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"något","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of sätt","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"sätt","lemma":"sätt","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of bistå","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of bistå","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"bistå","lemma":"bistå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to help"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of bistå","gloss":"you"}]},{"number":156,"label":"","id":"ch38-p41-s5","source":"Gorgo lyfte knappt på huvudet.","translation":"Gorgo barely raised his head.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Gorgo","lemma":"Gorgo","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"subject of lyfte","gloss":"Gorgo","note":"Proper name (a wild goose/duck character) mistagged as an adjective."},{"surface":"lyfte","lemma":"lyfte","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"raised","note":"ch11-p13-s6 uses lyfte intransitively for a bird taking off (\"rose\"), not \"lifted\" something."},{"surface":"knappt","lemma":"knappt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lyfte","gloss":"hardly"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking huvudet","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"huvudet","lemma":"huvud","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of lyfte","gloss":"head"}]},{"number":157,"label":"","id":"ch38-p41-s6","source":"»Stör mig inte, Tummetott!» sade han.","translation":"»Don't disturb me, Thumbietot!» said he.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Stör","lemma":"Stör","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"modifies mig","gloss":"disturb"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies mig","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"Tummetott","lemma":"Tummetott","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with mig","gloss":"Thumbietot","note":"the boy's nickname after being shrunk; kept as the studio translation's rendering."},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to mig","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"he"}]},{"number":158,"label":"","id":"ch38-p41-s7","source":"»Jag sitter och drömmer, att jag svävar fri omkring högt oppe i luften.","translation":"»I'm sitting here dreaming that I'm soaring free high up in the air.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sitter","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"sitter","lemma":"sitta","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sits"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"drömmer","lemma":"drömma","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with sitter","gloss":"am dreaming"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of svävar","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of svävar","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"svävar","lemma":"svävara","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on sitter","gloss":"soaring"},{"surface":"fri","lemma":"fri","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies oppe","gloss":"free"},{"surface":"omkring","lemma":"omkring","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies högt","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"högt","lemma":"hög","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies oppe","gloss":"high"},{"surface":"oppe","lemma":"oppe","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of svävar","gloss":"up there","note":"Colloquial adverb 'oppe' (dialectal for 'uppe'), mistagged here as a noun."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking luften","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"luften","lemma":"luft","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of oppe","gloss":"air"}]},{"number":159,"label":"","id":"ch38-p41-s8","source":"Jag vill inte vara vaken.»","translation":"I don't want to be awake.»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vara","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"vill","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of vara","gloss":"want to"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies vara","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"vara","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"vaken","lemma":"vak","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vara","gloss":"awake","note":"All four examples in this chunk use \"vaken\" as the adjective (awake), not the noun \"vak\" (ice-hole); the primary gloss should be \"awake\" here, though the ice-hole noun sense also occurs elsewhere in the book under this same conflated surface."}]},{"number":160,"label":"","id":"ch38-p41-s9","source":"— »Du måste röra på dig och titta på det, som händer omkring dig,» förmanade pojken.","translation":"— »You must move about and pay attention to what's happening around you,» the boy urged.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of röra","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"måste","lemma":"måste","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of röra","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"röra","lemma":"röra","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"move about"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dig","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of röra","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"titta","lemma":"titta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with röra","gloss":"to look"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking det","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of titta","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of händer","gloss":"what","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"händer","lemma":"hända","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on titta","gloss":"happens"},{"surface":"omkring","lemma":"omkring","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dig","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of händer","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"förmanade","lemma":"förmana","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"modifies pojken","gloss":"urged"},{"surface":"pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of röra","gloss":"boy"}]},{"number":161,"label":"","id":"ch38-p41-s10","source":"»Eljest kommer du snart att se lika eländig ut som de andra örnarna.»","translation":"»Otherwise you'll soon look as miserable as the other eagles.»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Eljest","lemma":"eljest","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies snart","gloss":"otherwise"},{"surface":"kommer","lemma":"komma","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of snart","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of snart","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"snart","lemma":"snart","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies se","gloss":"soon"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"lika","lemma":"lika","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies eländig","gloss":"equally"},{"surface":"eländig","lemma":"eländig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of se","gloss":"wretched"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on se","gloss":"look"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of örnarna","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of örnarna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies örnarna","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"örnarna","lemma":"örnarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of se","gloss":"the eagles"}]},{"number":162,"label":"","id":"ch38-p41-s11","source":"— »Jag önskar, att jag vore som de.","translation":"— »I wish I were like them.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of önskar","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"önskar","lemma":"önska","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"wishes"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vore","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vore","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"vore","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, past, subjunctive, active","role":"clausal complement of önskar","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of de","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"adverbial clause on önskar","gloss":"they"}]},{"number":163,"label":"","id":"ch38-p41-s12","source":"De är så borta i sina drömmar, att ingenting mer kan störa dem,» sade örnen.","translation":"They're so lost in their dreams that nothing more can disturb them,» said the eagle.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of borta","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to borta","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies borta","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"borta","lemma":"borta","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"lost"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking drömmar","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"sina","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"possessor of drömmar","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"drömmar","lemma":"drömm","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of borta","gloss":"dreams"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of störa","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ingenting","lemma":"ingenting","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of störa","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"mer","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies störa","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of störa","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"störa","lemma":"störa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on borta","gloss":"disturb"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of störa","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with borta","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"örnen","lemma":"örn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"eagle"}]},{"number":164,"label":"42","id":"ch38-p42-s1","source":"När natten kom och alla örnarna sovo, hördes ett lätt skrapande i ståltrådsnätet, som täckte taket av deras bur.","translation":"When night came and all the eagles were asleep, a light scraping sound was heard in the steel-wire netting that covered the roof of their cage.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"När","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kom","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"natten","lemma":"natt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on hördes","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of örnarna","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"örnarna","lemma":"örnarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with kom","gloss":"the eagles"},{"surface":"sovo","lemma":"sovo","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"depends on örnarna","gloss":"were asleep","note":"Historical plural past form of sova."},{"surface":"hördes","lemma":"höra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"could be heard"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of skrapande","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"lätt","lemma":"lätt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies skrapande","gloss":"light","note":"ch01-p14 'ett lätt buller' renders as 'a faint noise' in the translation, a distinct sense from weight/air-lightness or ease."},{"surface":"skrapande","lemma":"skrapande","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of passive hördes","gloss":"scraping"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ståltrådsnätet","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"ståltrådsnätet","lemma":"ståltrådsnät","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of hördes","gloss":"wire netting"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of täckte","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"täckte","lemma":"täcka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with hördes","gloss":"covered"},{"surface":"taket","lemma":"tak","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of täckte","gloss":"roof"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bur","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"deras","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of bur","gloss":"their","note":"possessive form deras of the plural pronoun de."},{"surface":"bur","lemma":"bur","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of täckte","gloss":"cage"}]},{"number":165,"label":"","id":"ch38-p42-s2","source":"De två gamla och förslöade fångarna läto sig inte störas av bullret, men Gorgo vaknade.","translation":"The two old and dulled captives did not let themselves be disturbed by the noise, but Gorgo woke.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"läto sig ... störas","title":"Causative reflexive + s-passive","body":"«låta sig störas» = 'to let oneself be disturbed', combining the reflexive «sig» with the s-passive infinitive «störas» ('be disturbed'). «läto» is the archaic plural preterite of «låta»."}],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of gamla","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"två","lemma":"två","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies gamla","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"gamla","lemma":"gammal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"subject of passive störas","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"förslöade","lemma":"förslöa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with gamla","gloss":"dulled"},{"surface":"fångarna","lemma":"fånga","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of förslöade","gloss":"the captives"},{"surface":"läto","lemma":"läto","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"coordinated with gamla","gloss":"let","note":"Läto is the historical plural past form of låta."},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"coordinated with gamla","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies störas","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"störas","lemma":"störa","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"be disturbed"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bullret","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"bullret","lemma":"bullr","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"agent of störas","gloss":"the noise"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"Gorgo","lemma":"Gorgo","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"subject of vaknade","gloss":"Gorgo","note":"Proper name (a wild goose/duck character) mistagged as an adjective."},{"surface":"vaknade","lemma":"vakna","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with störas","gloss":"woke up"}]},{"number":166,"label":"","id":"ch38-p42-s3","source":"»Vem där?","translation":"»Who's there?","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vem","lemma":"vem","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Vem","gloss":"there"}]},{"number":167,"label":"","id":"ch38-p42-s4","source":"Vem är det, som rör sig oppe på taket?» frågade han.","translation":"Who is it moving about up on the roof?» he asked.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vem","lemma":"vem","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Vem","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with Vem","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of rör","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"rör","lemma":"röra","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"depends on Vem","gloss":"moving about"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of rör","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"oppe","lemma":"oppe","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of rör","gloss":"up there","note":"Colloquial adverb 'oppe' (dialectal for 'uppe'), mistagged here as a noun."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking taket","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"taket","lemma":"tak","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of rör","gloss":"roof"},{"surface":"frågade","lemma":"fråga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of frågade","gloss":"he"}]},{"number":168,"label":"43","id":"ch38-p43-s1","source":"»Det är Tummetott, Gorgo,» svarade pojken.","translation":"»It's Thumbietot, Gorgo,» answered the boy.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of Tummetott","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Tummetott","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"Tummetott","lemma":"Tummetott","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Thumbietot","note":"the boy's nickname after being shrunk; kept as the studio translation's rendering."},{"surface":"Gorgo","lemma":"Gorgo","morphology":"adverb","role":"clause modifying Tummetott","gloss":"Gorgo","note":"Proper name of the eagle, not an adverb."},{"surface":"svarade","lemma":"svara","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to Tummetott","gloss":"answered"},{"surface":"pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of svarade","gloss":"boy"}]},{"number":169,"label":"","id":"ch38-p43-s2","source":"»Jag sitter här och filar av ståltråden, för att du ska kunna flyga din väg.»","translation":"»I'm sitting here filing through the steel wire, so that you'll be able to fly away.»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sitter","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"sitter","lemma":"sitta","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sits"},{"surface":"här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sitter","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"filar","lemma":"fil","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with sitter","gloss":"filing through"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ståltråden","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"ståltråden","lemma":"ståltråd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies filar","gloss":"the steel wire"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of flyga","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase för","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of flyga","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"ska","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of flyga","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"kunna","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of flyga","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"flyga","lemma":"flyga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on sitter","gloss":"fly"},{"surface":"din","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of väg","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"väg","lemma":"väg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of flyga","gloss":"way"}]},{"number":170,"label":"44","id":"ch38-p44-s1","source":"Örnen lyfte huvudet och såg i den ljusa natten hur pojken satt och filade på ståltrådsnätet, som var spänt över buren.","translation":"The eagle raised his head and saw, in the bright night, how the boy sat filing at the steel-wire netting stretched over the cage.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Örnen","lemma":"Örnen","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lyfte","gloss":"the eagle"},{"surface":"lyfte","lemma":"lyfa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lifted"},{"surface":"huvudet","lemma":"huvud","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of lyfte","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"såg","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with lyfte","gloss":"saw","note":"past tense of se, 'to see.'"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking natten","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of natten","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ljusa","lemma":"ljus","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies natten","gloss":"bright"},{"surface":"natten","lemma":"natt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of såg","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"hur","lemma":"hur","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies satt","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of satt","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"satt","lemma":"sitta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on natten","gloss":"sat"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"filade","lemma":"fila","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with satt","gloss":"filing"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ståltrådsnätet","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"ståltrådsnätet","lemma":"ståltrådsnät","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of satt","gloss":"wire netting"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of spänt","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to spänt","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"spänt","lemma":"spänt","morphology":"adverb","role":"relative clause on ståltrådsnätet","gloss":"stretched"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking buren","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"buren","lemma":"bur","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of spänt","gloss":"cage"}]},{"number":171,"label":"","id":"ch38-p44-s2","source":"Han kände ett ögonblicks hopp, men så tog modlösheten överhand.","translation":"He felt a moment's hope, but then despondency took over.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kände","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kände","lemma":"kände","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"felt"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of ögonblicks","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ögonblicks","lemma":"ögonblick","morphology":"noun, genitive, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of hopp","gloss":"a moment's"},{"surface":"hopp","lemma":"hopp","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of kände","gloss":"hope","note":"Two distinct homonyms share the spelling hopp: 'leap' and 'hope.'"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tog","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"tog","lemma":"tog","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with kände","gloss":"took"},{"surface":"modlösheten","lemma":"modlöshet","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tog","gloss":"despondency"},{"surface":"överhand","lemma":"överhand","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tog","gloss":"the upper hand","note":"Used in 'ta överhand' (to gain the upper hand/take over)."}]},{"number":172,"label":"","id":"ch38-p44-s3","source":"»Jag är en stor fågel, Tummetott,» sade han.","translation":"»I'm a big bird, Thumbietot,» said he.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fågel","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to fågel","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of fågel","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies fågel","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"fågel","lemma":"fågel","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"bird"},{"surface":"Tummetott","lemma":"Tummetott","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with fågel","gloss":"Thumbietot","note":"the boy's nickname after being shrunk; kept as the studio translation's rendering."},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to fågel","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"he"}]},{"number":173,"label":"","id":"ch38-p44-s4","source":"»Hur ska du kunna fila av så många trådar, att jag kan komma ut?","translation":"»How will you manage to file through so many wires that I can get out?","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hur","lemma":"hur","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fila","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"ska","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of fila","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fila","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"kunna","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of fila","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"fila","lemma":"fila","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to file"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on fila","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies många","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"många","lemma":"många","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies trådar","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"trådar","lemma":"tråd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of fila","gloss":"wires"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of komma","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of komma","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of komma","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"komma","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clause modifying trådar","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on komma","gloss":"out"}]},{"number":174,"label":"","id":"ch38-p44-s5","source":"Det är bättre, att du slutar med detta och låter mig vara i fred.»","translation":"It's better that you give this up and leave me in peace.»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of bättre","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to bättre","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"bättre","lemma":"bra","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"better"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of slutar","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of slutar","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"slutar","lemma":"sluta","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"depends on bättre","gloss":"stops"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking detta","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of slutar","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"låter","lemma":"låta","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with slutar","gloss":"leave"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of låter","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"vara","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of låter","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fred","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"fred","lemma":"fred","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of låter","gloss":"peace"}]},{"number":175,"label":"","id":"ch38-p44-s6","source":"— »Sov du, och bry dig inte om mig!» svarade pojken.","translation":"— »Sleep on, and don't worry about me!» answered the boy.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sov","lemma":"sova","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sleep"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Sov","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bry","lemma":"bry","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with Sov","gloss":"to trouble oneself"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of bry","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies bry","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mig","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of bry","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"svarade","lemma":"svara","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to Sov","gloss":"answered"},{"surface":"pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of svarade","gloss":"boy"}]},{"number":176,"label":"","id":"ch38-p44-s7","source":"»Jag blir inte färdig i natt och inte i morgon natt heller, men jag ska ändå försöka befria dig, för här blir du alldeles förstörd.»","translation":"»I won't be finished tonight, nor tomorrow night either, but I'm going to try to free you all the same, for here you'll be utterly ruined.»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blir","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"blir","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies blir","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"färdig","lemma":"färdig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of blir","gloss":"ready"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies blir","gloss":"tonight"},{"surface":"natt","lemma":"natt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase i","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies i","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"coordinated with blir","gloss":"tomorrow night"},{"surface":"morgon","lemma":"morgon","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase i","gloss":"morning"},{"surface":"natt","lemma":"natt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase i","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"heller","lemma":"heller","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies i","gloss":"either"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of försöka","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"ska","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of försöka","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"ändå","lemma":"ändå","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies försöka","gloss":"all the same"},{"surface":"försöka","lemma":"försöka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with blir","gloss":"to try"},{"surface":"befria","lemma":"befria","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of försöka","gloss":"to free"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of befria","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies blir","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase för","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"blir","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on försöka","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blir","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"alldeles","lemma":"alldeles","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies förstörd","gloss":"quite"},{"surface":"förstörd","lemma":"förstörd","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of blir","gloss":"destroyed"}]},{"number":177,"label":"45","id":"ch38-p45-s1","source":"Gorgo försjönk i sömn, men när han vaknade nästa morgon, såg han genast, att en mängd trådar hade blivit avfilade.","translation":"Gorgo sank into sleep, but when he woke the next morning, he saw at once that a great many wires had been filed through.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Gorgo","lemma":"Gorgo","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"subject of försjönk","gloss":"Gorgo","note":"Proper name (a wild goose/duck character) mistagged as an adjective."},{"surface":"försjönk","lemma":"försjönk","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"sank"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sömn","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"sömn","lemma":"sömn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of försjönk","gloss":"sleep"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vaknade","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vaknade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"vaknade","lemma":"vakna","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with försjönk","gloss":"woke up"},{"surface":"nästa","lemma":"nästa","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies morgon","gloss":"next"},{"surface":"morgon","lemma":"morgon","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of vaknade","gloss":"morning"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"såga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with försjönk","gloss":"saw","note":"Mislemmatized: surface is 'såg', the past tense of se ('to see'/'looked'), in both examples ('såg han sig om' = 'looked around'), not a form of såga ('to saw'). Gloss corrected to 'saw' (as in 'he saw/looked')."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"genast","lemma":"genast","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies såg","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of blivit","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of mängd","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"mängd","lemma":"mängd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies trådar","gloss":"a great many"},{"surface":"trådar","lemma":"tråd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of blivit","gloss":"wires"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of blivit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"blivit","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"clausal complement of såg","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"avfilade","lemma":"avfila","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"complement of blivit","gloss":"filed through"}]},{"number":178,"label":"","id":"ch38-p45-s2","source":"Den dagen kände han sig inte så dåsig som de föregående.","translation":"That day he felt not nearly so drowsy as the days before.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of dagen","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"dagen","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kände","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"kände","lemma":"kän","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"felt","note":"Past tense 'kände' of känna, here in the sense 'recognized'; same surface as käna but a distinct sense of the polysemous verb."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kände","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"indirect object of kände","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies kände","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dåsig","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"dåsig","lemma":"dåsig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of kände","gloss":"drowsy"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of föregående","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of föregående","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"föregående","lemma":"föregående","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"adverbial clause on kände","gloss":"previous"}]},{"number":179,"label":"","id":"ch38-p45-s3","source":"Han slog ut med vingarna och hoppade omkring på trädgrenarna för att få styvheten ur lederna.","translation":"He beat his wings and hopped about on the tree branches to work the stiffness out of his joints.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of slog","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"slog","lemma":"slå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"beat","note":"Light verb whose sense shifts with its particle (slog upp/ihop/omkull/sig ner)."},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on slog","gloss":"beat"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vingarna","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"vingarna","lemma":"vingarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of slog","gloss":"the wings","note":"lemma should be vinge 'wing'."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hoppade","lemma":"hoppa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with slog","gloss":"jumped"},{"surface":"omkring","lemma":"omkring","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hoppade","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking trädgrenarna","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"trädgrenarna","lemma":"trädgren","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of hoppade","gloss":"the tree branches"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of få","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of få","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"få","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on hoppade","gloss":"work out"},{"surface":"styvheten","lemma":"styvhet","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of få","gloss":"the stiffness"},{"surface":"ur","lemma":"ur","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lederna","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"lederna","lemma":"lederna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies styvheten","gloss":"the joints"}]},{"number":180,"label":"46","id":"ch38-p46-s1","source":"En tidig morgon, just när den första gryningsstrimman tändes på himmelen, väckte Tummetott örnen.","translation":"One early morning, just as the first streak of dawn was lighting the sky, Thumbietot woke the eagle.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"En","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of morgon","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"tidig","lemma":"tidig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies morgon","gloss":"early"},{"surface":"morgon","lemma":"morgon","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"morning"},{"surface":"just","lemma":"just","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gryningsstrimman","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"preposition marking gryningsstrimman","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of gryningsstrimman","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"första","lemma":"en","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies gryningsstrimman","gloss":"first","note":"surfaces are forms of första 'first', not the numeral en."},{"surface":"gryningsstrimman","lemma":"gryningsstrimma","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"depends on morgon","gloss":"the dawn streak"},{"surface":"tändes","lemma":"tän","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was kindled"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking himmelen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"himmelen","lemma":"himmel","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies tändes","gloss":"sky"},{"surface":"väckte","lemma":"väcka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with tändes","gloss":"woke"},{"surface":"Tummetott","lemma":"Tummetott","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with tändes","gloss":"Thumbietot","note":"the boy's nickname after being shrunk; kept as the studio translation's rendering."},{"surface":"örnen","lemma":"örn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Tummetott","gloss":"eagle"}]},{"number":181,"label":"","id":"ch38-p46-s2","source":"»Försök nu, Gorgo!» sade han.","translation":"»Try it now, Gorgo!» said he.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Försök","lemma":"försöka","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"try"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Försök","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"Gorgo","lemma":"Gorgo","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"parallel clause to Försök","gloss":"Gorgo","note":"Proper name (a wild goose/duck character) mistagged as an adjective."},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to Försök","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"he"}]},{"number":182,"label":"47","id":"ch38-p47-s1","source":"Örnen såg upp.","translation":"The eagle looked up.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Örnen","lemma":"Örnen","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"the eagle"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"såg","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"saw","note":"past tense of se, 'to see.'"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on såg","gloss":"up"}]},{"number":183,"label":"","id":"ch38-p47-s2","source":"Pojken hade verkligen filat av så många trådar, att det nu fanns ett stort hål i ståltrådsnätet.","translation":"The boy had indeed filed through so many wires that there was now a great hole in the steel-wire netting.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"hade ... filat","title":"Pluperfect with supine","body":"«hade filat» is the pluperfect (past perfect): «hade» + the supine «filat» of «fila» ('to file'), describing an action completed before another past moment — here, before the eagle looks up and sees the hole."}],"words":[{"surface":"Pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of filat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"verkligen","lemma":"verkligen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies filat","gloss":"really"},{"surface":"filat","lemma":"fila","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"filed through"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking trådar","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies många","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"många","lemma":"många","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies trådar","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"trådar","lemma":"tråd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of filat","gloss":"wires"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fanns","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with fanns","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fanns","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"fanns","lemma":"finnas","morphology":"verb, past, indicative","role":"adverbial clause on filat","gloss":"there was","note":"existential verb; fanns = 'there was/were, existed.'"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of hål","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stort","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies hål","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"hål","lemma":"hål","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of fanns","gloss":"hole"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ståltrådsnätet","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"ståltrådsnätet","lemma":"ståltrådsnät","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of fanns","gloss":"wire netting"}]},{"number":184,"label":"","id":"ch38-p47-s3","source":"Gorgo rörde vingarna och kastade sig dit upp.","translation":"Gorgo moved his wings and threw himself up toward it.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Gorgo","lemma":"Gorgo","morphology":"adverb","role":"subject of rörde","gloss":"Gorgo","note":"Proper name of the eagle, not an adverb."},{"surface":"rörde","lemma":"röra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"moved"},{"surface":"vingarna","lemma":"vingarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of rörde","gloss":"the wings","note":"lemma should be vinge 'wing'."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"kastade","lemma":"kasta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with rörde","gloss":"threw"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of kastade","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"dit","lemma":"dit","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kastade","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kastade","gloss":"up"}]},{"number":185,"label":"","id":"ch38-p47-s4","source":"Ett par gånger misslyckades han och föll tillbaka ner i buren, men till sist kom han lyckligen ut i det fria.","translation":"A couple of times he failed and fell back down into the cage, but at last he came safely out into the open.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of par","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"par","lemma":"par","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies gånger","gloss":"couple"},{"surface":"gånger","lemma":"gång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of misslyckades","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"misslyckades","lemma":"misslycka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"failed"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of misslyckades","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"föll","lemma":"föll","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with misslyckades","gloss":"fell"},{"surface":"tillbaka","lemma":"tillbaka","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies föll","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies föll","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking buren","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"buren","lemma":"bur","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of föll","gloss":"cage"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"at last"},{"surface":"sist","lemma":"sist","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase till","gloss":"last"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with misslyckades","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"lyckligen","lemma":"lyckligen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"safely"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fria","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of fria","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"fria","lemma":"fri","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"oblique complement of kom","gloss":"free"}]},{"number":186,"label":"48","id":"ch38-p48-s1","source":"Han steg med stolt flykt upp till skyarna.","translation":"He rose with a proud flight up to the skies.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of steg","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"steg","lemma":"steg","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"rose"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of stolt","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"stolt","lemma":"stolt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial clause on steg","gloss":"proud"},{"surface":"flykt","lemma":"flykt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of steg","gloss":"flight"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies steg","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skyarna","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"skyarna","lemma":"sky","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of upp","gloss":"skies"}]},{"number":187,"label":"","id":"ch38-p48-s2","source":"Den lilla Tummetott satt och såg efter honom med en vemodig min och önskade, att någon måtte komma och ge också honom hans frihet.","translation":"Little Thumbietot sat watching him go with a wistful look, and wished that someone might come and give him, too, his freedom.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Tummetott","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"lilla","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies Tummetott","gloss":"little"},{"surface":"Tummetott","lemma":"Tummetott","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of satt","gloss":"Thumbietot","note":"the boy's nickname after being shrunk; kept as the studio translation's rendering."},{"surface":"satt","lemma":"sitta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sat"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"såg","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with satt","gloss":"saw","note":"past tense of se, 'to see.'"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on såg","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of såg","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of min","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of vemodig","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"vemodig","lemma":"vemodig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies min","gloss":"wistful"},{"surface":"min","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of såg","gloss":"my","note":"possessive form min of the pronoun jag."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"önskade","lemma":"önska","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with såg","gloss":"wished"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of komma","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"någon","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of måtte","gloss":"someone"},{"surface":"måtte","lemma":"måtte","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies komma","gloss":"must","note":"Modal verb (cognate of måste), mistagged as adverb. Bare måtte means \"must\"; the perfect sense (\"must have\") comes only from an adjacent ha + supine, as in the måtte komma sig example, which translates as plain \"must.\""},{"surface":"komma","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on satt","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ge","lemma":"ge","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with komma","gloss":"to give"},{"surface":"också","lemma":"också","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ge","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of ge","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of frihet","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"frihet","lemma":"frihet","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of ge","gloss":"freedom"}]},{"number":188,"label":"49","id":"ch38-p49-s1","source":"Pojken var nu hemmastadd på Skansen.","translation":"The boy was by now quite at home on Skansen.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"hemmastadd","lemma":"hemmastadd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"depends on var","gloss":"at home","note":"mistagged as a noun; it is the adjective for feeling at home/familiar with a place."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Skansen","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"Skansen","lemma":"Skansen","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of var","gloss":"Skansen"}]},{"number":189,"label":"","id":"ch38-p49-s2","source":"Han hade blivit bekant med alla de djur, som funnos där, och hade fått många vänner ibland dem.","translation":"He had become acquainted with all the animals to be found there, and had made many friends among them.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blivit","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of blivit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"blivit","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"bekant","lemma":"bekant","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of blivit","gloss":"acquainted","note":"'Bekant' can mean 'well-known' or 'acquainted (with)'."},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking djur","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of djur","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of djur","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"djur","lemma":"djur","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of blivit","gloss":"animals"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of funnos","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"funnos","lemma":"funnos","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on djur","gloss":"there were","note":"Old plural past tense of 'finnas', existential 'there were/existed'."},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fått","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of fått","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"fått","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"relative clause on funnos","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"många","lemma":"många","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies vänner","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"vänner","lemma":"vänn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of fått","gloss":"friends"},{"surface":"ibland","lemma":"ibland","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fått","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of fått","gloss":"them"}]},{"number":190,"label":"","id":"ch38-p49-s3","source":"Och han måste ju erkänna, att där fanns så mycket att se och ta lärdom av, att han inte hade haft svårt för att få tiden att gå.","translation":"And he had to admit that there was so much to see and to learn there that he had had no trouble passing the time.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of erkänna","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"måste","lemma":"måste","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of erkänna","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"ju","lemma":"ju","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies erkänna","gloss":"after all"},{"surface":"erkänna","lemma":"erkänna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to admit"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fanns","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fanns","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"fanns","lemma":"finnas","morphology":"verb, past, indicative","role":"clausal complement of erkänna","gloss":"there was","note":"existential verb; fanns = 'there was/were, existed.'"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies mycket","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"mycket","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fanns","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on fanns","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ta","lemma":"ta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with se","gloss":"to take"},{"surface":"lärdom","lemma":"lärdom","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of se","gloss":"learning"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking se","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of haft","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of haft","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies haft","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of haft","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"haft","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"clausal complement of se","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"svårt","lemma":"svår","morphology":"adverb","role":"direct object of haft","gloss":"trouble","note":"This type bundles the positive 'svårt' and the comparative 'svårare' under one gloss; ch02-p89-s2 'ännu svårare' means 'still harder', not just 'difficult'."},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of få","gloss":"passing"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of få","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"få","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on haft","gloss":"pass the time"},{"surface":"tiden","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of få","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of gå","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"gå","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of få","gloss":"go"}]},{"number":191,"label":"","id":"ch38-p49-s4","source":"Men nog drogo hans tankar alla dagar med stor längtan till Mårten gåskarl och de andra reskamraterna.","translation":"But every day his thoughts turned with great longing to Morten Goosey-Gander and his other traveling companions.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"nog","lemma":"nog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies drogo","gloss":"certainly"},{"surface":"drogo","lemma":"drogo","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"subject of tankar","gloss":"drew/set off","note":"Archaic plural past of dra(ga) ('drew, moved along')."},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of tankar","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"tankar","lemma":"tanka","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"thoughts"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of dagar","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"dagar","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of tankar","gloss":"days"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking längtan","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies längtan","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"längtan","lemma":"längtan","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of tankar","gloss":"longing"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gåskarl","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Mårten","lemma":"Mårten","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"possessor of gåskarl","gloss":"Morten","note":"the studio translation renders this name as 'Morten'."},{"surface":"gåskarl","lemma":"gåskarl","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of tankar","gloss":"gander"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of reskamraterna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies reskamraterna","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"reskamraterna","lemma":"reskamrat","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with tankar","gloss":"traveling companions"}]},{"number":192,"label":"","id":"ch38-p49-s5","source":"»Vore jag bara inte bunden av mitt löfte,» tänkte han, »då skulle jag väl finna en fågel, som bure mig till dem.»","translation":"»If only I weren't bound by my promise,» he thought, »I would surely find some bird to carry me to them.»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vore","lemma":"Vore","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Vore","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"bara","lemma":"bara","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Vore","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies bunden","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"bunden","lemma":"bunden","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Vore","gloss":"bound"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking löfte","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"mitt","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of löfte","gloss":"my","note":"This entry is really the possessive \"mitt\" (neuter agreement), mistagged under the lemma jag."},{"surface":"löfte","lemma":"löfte","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies bunden","gloss":"promise"},{"surface":"tänkte","lemma":"tänka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to Vore","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tänkte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies finna","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of finna","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of finna","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"väl","lemma":"väl","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies finna","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"finna","lemma":"finna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"parallel clause to Vore","gloss":"find"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of fågel","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"fågel","lemma":"fågel","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of finna","gloss":"bird"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of passive bure","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"bure","lemma":"bure","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on fågel","gloss":"would carry"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of bure","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"oblique complement of bure","gloss":"them"}]},{"number":193,"label":"50","id":"ch38-p50-s1","source":"Det kan tyckas märkvärdigt, att Klement Larsson inte hade återgett pojken friheten, men man må komma ihåg hur yr i huvudet den lilla spelmannen hade varit, när han lämnade Skansen.","translation":"It may seem strange that Klement Larsson had not given the boy back his freedom, but one must remember how giddy in the head the little fiddler had been when he left Skansen.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of passive tyckas","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tyckas","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"tyckas","lemma":"tycka","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to seem"},{"surface":"märkvärdigt","lemma":"märkvärdig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"complement of tyckas","gloss":"strange"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of återgett","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Klement","lemma":"Klement","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of återgett","gloss":"Klement","note":"Proper name, Klement Larsson."},{"surface":"Larsson","lemma":"Larsson","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"depends on Klement","gloss":"Larsson","note":"Surname, Klement Larsson."},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies återgett","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of återgett","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"återgett","lemma":"återge","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"depends on märkvärdigt","gloss":"given back"},{"surface":"pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies friheten","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"friheten","lemma":"frihet","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of återgett","gloss":"freedom"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of komma","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"må","lemma":"må","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of komma","gloss":"may"},{"surface":"komma","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with återgett","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"ihåg","lemma":"ihåg","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on komma","gloss":"to mind (remember)","note":"only occurs in the fixed phrase komma ihåg 'to remember'."},{"surface":"hur","lemma":"hur","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies yr","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"yr","lemma":"yr","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies komma","gloss":"dizzy"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking huvudet","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"huvudet","lemma":"huvud","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of yr","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of spelmannen","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"lilla","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies spelmannen","gloss":"little"},{"surface":"spelmannen","lemma":"spelmann","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of varit","gloss":"fiddler"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of varit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"varit","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"parallel clause to tyckas","gloss":"been"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of lämnade","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lämnade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"lämnade","lemma":"lämna","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on varit","gloss":"left"},{"surface":"Skansen","lemma":"Skansen","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"direct object of lämnade","gloss":"Skansen"}]},{"number":194,"label":"","id":"ch38-p50-s2","source":"Den morgonen, då han skulle resa, hade han likvisst tänkt på att sätta ut pysslingens mat i en blå skål, men till all olycka hade han inte kunnat finna någon.","translation":"On the morning he was to travel, he had indeed thought of setting out the little fellow's food in a blue bowl, but to his misfortune he had not been able to find one.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of morgonen","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"morgonen","lemma":"morgon","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of finna","gloss":"morning"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of resa","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of resa","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of resa","gloss":"was to"},{"surface":"resa","lemma":"resa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on morgonen","gloss":"to travel"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to morgonen","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"likvisst","lemma":"likvisst","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tänkt","gloss":"indeed","note":"Likvisst is an older adverb, usually meaning nevertheless or all the same."},{"surface":"tänkt","lemma":"tänka","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"complement of hade","gloss":"thought","note":"tagged as adjective but is the neuter past participle 'tänkt' (thought) of tänka."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of sätta","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of sätta","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"sätta","lemma":"sätta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on hade","gloss":"to set/put"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on sätta","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"pysslingens","lemma":"pyssling","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of mat","gloss":"gnome's","note":"Refers to a tomte/brownie figure, not a literal gnome-fairy tale creature."},{"surface":"mat","lemma":"mat","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of sätta","gloss":"food"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skål","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of skål","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"blå","lemma":"blå","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies skål","gloss":"blue"},{"surface":"skål","lemma":"skål","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sätta","gloss":"bowl"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking olycka","gloss":"to his misfortune"},{"surface":"all","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of olycka","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"olycka","lemma":"olycka","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of finna","gloss":"misfortune"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of finna","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of finna","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies finna","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"kunnat","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, supine","role":"auxiliary of finna","gloss":"been able to"},{"surface":"finna","lemma":"finna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"find"},{"surface":"någon","lemma":"någon","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of finna","gloss":"one"}]},{"number":195,"label":"","id":"ch38-p50-s3","source":"Så hade allt Skansfolket, lappar, dalkullor, byggnadsarbetare och trädgårdsmästare, kommit för att bjuda honom farväl, och han hade inte hunnit att skaffa den blåa skålen.","translation":"Then all the Skansen folk, Lapps, Dala girls, construction workers, and gardeners, had come to bid him farewell, and he had not had time to get the blue bowl.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"dalkullor","title":"Dala girls","body":"«dalkullor» were young women from the province of Dalarna known for their traditional folk costume; at Skansen they appear as living representatives of regional Swedish folk culture, alongside Sami («lappar») and craftspeople."}],"words":[{"surface":"Så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hade","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"allt","lemma":"all","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Skansfolket","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"Skansfolket","lemma":"Skansfolket","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"the Skansen folk"},{"surface":"lappar","lemma":"lapp","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with Skansfolket","gloss":"Lapps","note":"Period term for the Sami people; preserved as in the historical source text."},{"surface":"dalkullor","lemma":"dalkulla","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with Skansfolket","gloss":"Dala girls"},{"surface":"byggnadsarbetare","lemma":"byggnadsarbetare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with Skansfolket","gloss":"construction workers"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"trädgårdsmästare","lemma":"trädgårdsmästare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with Skansfolket","gloss":"gardeners"},{"surface":"kommit","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"parallel clause to hade","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of bjuda","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of bjuda","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"bjuda","lemma":"bjuda","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on kommit","gloss":"to offer"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of bjuda","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"farväl","lemma":"farväl","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of bjuda","gloss":"farewell"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hunnit","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of hunnit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies hunnit","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"hunnit","lemma":"hinna","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with bjuda","gloss":"had time"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of skaffa","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"skaffa","lemma":"skaffa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of hunnit","gloss":"to get"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of skålen","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"blåa","lemma":"blå","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies skålen","gloss":"blue"},{"surface":"skålen","lemma":"skål","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of skaffa","gloss":"the bowl"}]},{"number":196,"label":"","id":"ch38-p50-s4","source":"Det led mot avresan, och till sist hade han inte sett någon annan utväg än att bedja lappgubben om hjälp.","translation":"The departure was drawing near, and at last he had seen no other way out than to ask the old Lapp for help.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of led","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"led","lemma":"led","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"drawing near","note":"Second example 'när det led mot kvällen' = 'as evening drew near' is the verb lida ('led' = past tense), not the noun led — mistagged here."},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking avresan","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"avresan","lemma":"avresa","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of led","gloss":"the departure"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies hade","gloss":"at last"},{"surface":"sist","lemma":"sist","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase till","gloss":"last"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of sett","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sett","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies sett","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"sett","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with led","gloss":"seen"},{"surface":"någon","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of utväg","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"annan","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies utväg","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"utväg","lemma":"utväg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of sett","gloss":"way out"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of bedja","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of bedja","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"bedja","lemma":"bedja","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clause modifying utväg","gloss":"ask"},{"surface":"lappgubben","lemma":"lappgubb","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of bedja","gloss":"the old Lapp"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hjälp","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"hjälp","lemma":"hjälp","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies lappgubben","gloss":"help"}]},{"number":197,"label":"","id":"ch38-p50-s5","source":"»Det är så, att en av småfolket bor här på Skansen,» sade Klement, »och jag brukar ge honom litet mat var morgon.","translation":"»It's like this, that one of the little folk lives here at Skansen,» said Klement, »and I usually give him a bit of food every morning.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with så","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to så","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"the thing is"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of bor","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bor","gloss":"one","note":"Surfaces are only \"en\"/\"En\" used as a counting pronoun (\"en av dem\" = \"one of them\"), not the indefinite generic pronoun man/en (\"one does X\"). Lemma is mistagged as man; it should be en (numeral pronoun \"one\"). Gloss \"one\" happens to still be correct."},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking småfolket","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"småfolket","lemma":"småfolk","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies en","gloss":"the little folk"},{"surface":"bor","lemma":"bo","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of så","gloss":"lives"},{"surface":"här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bor","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Skansen","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"Skansen","lemma":"Skansen","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of bor","gloss":"Skansen"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"sade","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with bor","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Klement","lemma":"Klement","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"Klement","note":"mistagged as a common noun; this is the proper name of a character (a keeper at Skansen)."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of brukar","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"brukar","lemma":"bruka","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with bor","gloss":"tends to"},{"surface":"ge","lemma":"ge","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of brukar","gloss":"to give"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of ge","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"litet","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies mat","gloss":"a bit","note":"this type bundles the positive and comparative degree forms (litet, mindre) under one entry."},{"surface":"mat","lemma":"mat","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of morgon","gloss":"food"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to morgon","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"morgon","lemma":"morgon","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of ge","gloss":"morning"}]},{"number":198,"label":"","id":"ch38-p50-s6","source":"Vill du göra mig den tjänsten att ta de här slantarna, köpa en blå skål för dem och sätta ut den i morgon med litet gröt och mjölk under trappan till Bollnässtugan?»","translation":"Would you do me the favor of taking these coins, buying a blue bowl with them, and setting it out tomorrow with a little porridge and milk under the steps of the Bollnäs cottage?»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vill","lemma":"Vill","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of göra","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of göra","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"göra","lemma":"göra","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on köpa","gloss":"do"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of göra","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of tjänsten","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"tjänsten","lemma":"tjänst","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of göra","gloss":"service"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of ta","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"ta","lemma":"ta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on göra","gloss":"to take"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of slantarna","gloss":"these","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase de","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"slantarna","lemma":"slantarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of ta","gloss":"the coins"},{"surface":"köpa","lemma":"köpa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to buy"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of skål","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"blå","lemma":"blå","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies skål","gloss":"blue"},{"surface":"skål","lemma":"skål","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of köpa","gloss":"bowl"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"oblique complement of köpa","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sätta","lemma":"sätta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with köpa","gloss":"to set/put"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on sätta","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of sätta","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gröt","gloss":"tomorrow"},{"surface":"morgon","lemma":"morgon","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase i","gloss":"morning"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase i","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"litet","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gröt","gloss":"a little","note":"this type bundles the positive and comparative degree forms (litet, mindre) under one entry."},{"surface":"gröt","lemma":"gröt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sätta","gloss":"porridge"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"mjölk","lemma":"mjölk","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with gröt","gloss":"milk"},{"surface":"under","lemma":"under","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking trappan","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"trappan","lemma":"trappan","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sätta","gloss":"the staircase"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Bollnässtugan","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Bollnässtugan","lemma":"Bollnässtugan","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of sätta","gloss":"the Bollnäs cottage"}]},{"number":199,"label":"","id":"ch38-p50-s7","source":"Lappgubben såg förvånad ut, men det var inte tid för Klement att förklara saken närmare, för han måste ge sig av till stationen.","translation":"The old Lapp looked surprised, but there was no time for Klement to explain the matter further, for he had to be off to the station.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Lappgubben","lemma":"lappgubbe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"the old Lapp"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"saw"},{"surface":"förvånad","lemma":"förvånad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of såg","gloss":"astonished"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies förvånad","gloss":"look"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of tid","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to tid","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies tid","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"tid","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with såg","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Klement","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"Klement","lemma":"Klement","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies tid","gloss":"Klement","note":"Personal name (Klement Larsson); the parser mistagged it as a common noun."},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of förklara","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"förklara","lemma":"förklara","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on tid","gloss":"explain"},{"surface":"saken","lemma":"sak","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of förklara","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"närmare","lemma":"nära","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies förklara","gloss":"further","note":"Type lumps the positive, comparative, and superlative forms of nära."},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of ge","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ge","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"måste","lemma":"måste","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ge","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"ge","lemma":"ge","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with förklara","gloss":"to give"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of ge","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking stationen","gloss":"off"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking stationen","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"stationen","lemma":"station","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ge","gloss":"the station"}]},{"number":200,"label":"51","id":"ch38-p51-s1","source":"Lappen hade också mycket riktigt gått ner till Djurgårdsstaden för att köpa skålen, men när han inte såg någon blå, som han fann passande, köpte han en vit.","translation":"The Lapp had indeed gone down to Djurgårdsstaden to buy the bowl, but when he saw no blue one that he found suitable, he bought a white one.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Lappen","lemma":"lapp","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gått","gloss":"Lapp","note":"Period term (now usually replaced by 'Sami') for a member of the Sami people."},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gått","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"också","lemma":"också","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gått","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"mycket","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies riktigt","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"riktigt","lemma":"riktig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gått","gloss":"truly"},{"surface":"gått","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"gone down"},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gått","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Djurgårdsstaden","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Djurgårdsstaden","lemma":"Djurgårdsstad","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gått","gloss":"Djurgårdsstaden"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of köpa","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of köpa","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"köpa","lemma":"köpa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on gått","gloss":"to buy"},{"surface":"skålen","lemma":"skål","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of köpa","gloss":"bowl"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of såg","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies såg","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"såg","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with gått","gloss":"saw","note":"past tense of se, 'to see.'"},{"surface":"någon","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of blå","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"blå","lemma":"blå","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of såg","gloss":"blue"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of fann","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fann","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"fann","lemma":"finna","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on blå","gloss":"found"},{"surface":"passande","lemma":"passande","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies fann","gloss":"suitable"},{"surface":"köpte","lemma":"köpa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with gått","gloss":"bought"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of köpte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of vit","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"vit","lemma":"vit","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of köpte","gloss":"white"}]},{"number":201,"label":"","id":"ch38-p51-s2","source":"Och i den vita satte han samvetsgrant ut mat var morgon.","translation":"And in the white one he conscientiously set out food every morning.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vita","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of vita","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"vita","lemma":"vit","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"oblique complement of satte","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"satte","lemma":"satte","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sat down","note":"past tense of sätta; here reflexive satte sig 'sat down'."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of satte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"samvetsgrant","lemma":"samvetsgrant","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies satte","gloss":"conscientiously"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on satte","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"mat","lemma":"mat","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of satte","gloss":"food"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to morgon","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"morgon","lemma":"morgon","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of satte","gloss":"morning"}]},{"number":202,"label":"52","id":"ch38-p52-s1","source":"På detta sättet hade pojken inte blivit löst från löftet.","translation":"In this way the boy had not been released from his promise.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"På","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sättet","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of sättet","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"sättet","lemma":"sätt","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of blivit","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of blivit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blivit","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies blivit","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"blivit","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"löst","lemma":"lösa","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of blivit","gloss":"released","note":"Mistagged as an adjective; 'löst' is the past participle of 'lösa' (to release, free)."},{"surface":"från","lemma":"från","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking löftet","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"löftet","lemma":"löft","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of löst","gloss":"the promise"}]},{"number":203,"label":"","id":"ch38-p52-s2","source":"Han visste, att Klement var borta, men själv hade han inte fått lov att resa.","translation":"He knew that Klement was gone, but he himself had not been given leave to travel.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of visste","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"visste","lemma":"visste","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of var","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Klement","lemma":"Klement","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of var","gloss":"Klement","note":"mistagged as a common noun; this is the proper name of a character (a keeper at Skansen)."},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of visste","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"borta","lemma":"borta","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on var","gloss":"gone"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"själv","lemma":"själv","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial clause on fått","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of fått","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fått","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies fått","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"fått","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with var","gloss":"been given"},{"surface":"lov","lemma":"lov","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of fått","gloss":"given leave"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of resa","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"resa","lemma":"resa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on fått","gloss":"to travel"}]},{"number":204,"label":"53","id":"ch38-p53-s1","source":"Den natten längtade pojken mer än vanligt efter friheten, och detta berodde på att det nu hade blivit vår och sommar på allvar.","translation":"That night the boy longed more than usual for freedom, and this was because it had now truly become spring and summer.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of natten","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"natten","lemma":"natt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of pojken","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"längtade","lemma":"längta","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies pojken","gloss":"longed"},{"surface":"pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of mer","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"mer","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vanligt","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase mer","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"vanligt","lemma":"vanlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"usual"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking friheten","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"friheten","lemma":"frihet","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of vanligt","gloss":"freedom"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of berodde","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"berodde","lemma":"bero","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with vanligt","gloss":"was due to"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of blivit","gloss":"because of"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of blivit","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with blivit","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies blivit","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of blivit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"blivit","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on berodde","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"vår","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"complement of blivit","gloss":"our","note":"Mistagged as a pronoun under lemma vi; vår here is the possessive \"our\", not the pronoun \"we\"."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sommar","lemma":"sommar","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with vår","gloss":"summer"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking allvar","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"allvar","lemma":"allvar","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of blivit","gloss":"truly"}]},{"number":205,"label":"","id":"ch38-p53-s2","source":"Han hade allt haft det svårt med köld och ruskväder många gånger under resan, och när han först kom till Skansen, hade han tänkt, att det kanske var väl, att han hade måst avbryta färden, för han hade rent av fått frysa ihjäl, om han hade kommit upp till Lappland i maj månad.","translation":"He had had a hard time with cold and foul weather many times during the journey, and when he first came to Skansen, he had thought that it was perhaps just as well that he had had to break off the journey, for he would surely have frozen to death if he had come up to Lapland in the month of May.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of haft","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"allt","lemma":"allt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies haft","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"haft","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of haft","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"svårt","lemma":"svår","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies haft","gloss":"difficult"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking köld","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"köld","lemma":"köld","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of haft","gloss":"cold"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ruskväder","lemma":"ruskväder","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with köld","gloss":"foul weather"},{"surface":"många","lemma":"många","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies gånger","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"gånger","lemma":"gång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of resan","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"under","lemma":"under","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking resan","gloss":"during"},{"surface":"resan","lemma":"resa","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with köld","gloss":"journey"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kom","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"först","lemma":"först","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with haft","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Skansen","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Skansen","lemma":"Skansen","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of kom","gloss":"Skansen"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tänkt","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tänkt","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"tänkt","lemma":"tänka","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with haft","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of väl","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with väl","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"kanske","lemma":"kanske","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies väl","gloss":"perhaps"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to väl","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"väl","lemma":"väl","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial clause on haft","gloss":"just as well"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hade","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of avbryta","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"måst","lemma":"måst","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of avbryta","gloss":"had to"},{"surface":"avbryta","lemma":"avbryta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with haft","gloss":"break off"},{"surface":"färden","lemma":"färd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of avbryta","gloss":"journey"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of hade","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with haft","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"rent","lemma":"ren","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies frysa","gloss":"purely"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase rent","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"fått","lemma":"få","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, supine","role":"auxiliary of frysa","gloss":"would have","note":"\"hade alltid fått lära sig\" is the causative-passive få + infinitive construction (\"had always been taught\"), a distinct sense from the permissive \"gotten to\" readings in the other examples."},{"surface":"frysa","lemma":"frysa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on hade","gloss":"freeze"},{"surface":"ihjäl","lemma":"ihjäl","morphology":"adverb","role":"complement of frysa","gloss":"to death"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kommit","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kommit","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of kommit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"kommit","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on frysa","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kommit","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Lappland","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Lappland","lemma":"Lappland","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of kommit","gloss":"Lapland"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking maj","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"maj","lemma":"maj","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies månad","gloss":"May"},{"surface":"månad","lemma":"månad","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kommit","gloss":"month"}]},{"number":206,"label":"","id":"ch38-p53-s3","source":"Men nu hade det blivit varmt, marken stod grön, björkar och popplar voro klädda med sidenskiftande blad, körsbärsträden, ja, alla möjliga fruktträd stodo fulla av blommor, bärbuskarna hade redan småkart på kvistarna, ekarna vecklade med stor försiktighet ut sina blad, ärter, kål och bönor grönskade på Skansens kryddsängar.","translation":"But now it had grown warm, the ground stood green, birches and poplars were clothed in silken leaves, the cherry trees, yes, every kind of fruit tree stood full of blossoms, the berry bushes already had small unripe berries on their twigs, the oaks were unfolding their leaves with great caution, peas, cabbage, and beans were growing green in Skansen's kitchen beds.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies blivit","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of blivit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with blivit","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"blivit","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"varmt","lemma":"varm","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"complement of blivit","gloss":"warm"},{"surface":"marken","lemma":"mark","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of stod","gloss":"ground"},{"surface":"stod","lemma":"stå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with blivit","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"grön","lemma":"grön","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of stod","gloss":"green"},{"surface":"björkar","lemma":"björk","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with grön","gloss":"birches"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"popplar","lemma":"poppla","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with grön","gloss":"poplars"},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"depends on stod","gloss":"were","note":"archaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective."},{"surface":"klädda","lemma":"klädda","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"complement of stod","gloss":"dressed"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking blad","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sidenskiftande","lemma":"sidenskifta","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies blad","gloss":"silken-sheened"},{"surface":"blad","lemma":"blad","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of klädda","gloss":"leaves"},{"surface":"körsbärsträden","lemma":"körsbärsträd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with klädda","gloss":"the cherry trees"},{"surface":"ja","lemma":"ja","morphology":"interjection","role":"in apposition to klädda","gloss":"yes"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of fruktträd","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"möjliga","lemma":"möjlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies fruktträd","gloss":"every kind of"},{"surface":"fruktträd","lemma":"fruktträd","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"coordinated with blivit","gloss":"fruit trees"},{"surface":"stodo","lemma":"stodao","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on blivit","gloss":"stood","note":"Stodo is the historical plural past form of stå, ‘to stand’."},{"surface":"fulla","lemma":"full","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"complement of stodo","gloss":"full"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking blommor","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"blommor","lemma":"blomma","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"agent of stodo","gloss":"flowers"},{"surface":"bärbuskarna","lemma":"bärbusk","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"berry bushes"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on blommor","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"redan","lemma":"redan","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies småkart","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"småkart","lemma":"småkar","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"small unripe berries"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking kvistarna","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"kvistarna","lemma":"kvistarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of hade","gloss":"the twigs"},{"surface":"ekarna","lemma":"ek","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of vecklade","gloss":"the oaks"},{"surface":"vecklade","lemma":"veckla","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with stodo","gloss":"unfolded"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking försiktighet","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies försiktighet","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"försiktighet","lemma":"försiktighet","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of vecklade","gloss":"caution"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vecklade","gloss":"unfold"},{"surface":"sina","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"possessor of blad","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"blad","lemma":"blad","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of vecklade","gloss":"leaves"},{"surface":"ärter","lemma":"ärta","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with stodo","gloss":"peas"},{"surface":"kål","lemma":"kål","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with stodo","gloss":"cabbage"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bönor","lemma":"böna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of grönskade","gloss":"beans"},{"surface":"grönskade","lemma":"grönska","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"complement of stodo","gloss":"grew green"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking kryddsängar","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"Skansens","lemma":"Skansen","morphology":"proper noun, genitive","role":"possessor of kryddsängar","gloss":"Skansen's"},{"surface":"kryddsängar","lemma":"kryddsäng","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of stodo","gloss":"kitchen-garden beds"}]},{"number":207,"label":"","id":"ch38-p53-s4","source":"»Nu måste det väl vara varmt och vackert också oppe i Lappland,» tänkte pojken.","translation":"»It must surely be warm and lovely up in Lapland too now,» thought the boy.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies varmt","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"måste","lemma":"måste","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of varmt","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of varmt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"väl","lemma":"väl","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies varmt","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"vara","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to varmt","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"varmt","lemma":"varm","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"warm"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vackert","lemma":"vacker","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with varmt","gloss":"beautifully"},{"surface":"också","lemma":"också","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vackert","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"oppe","lemma":"oppe","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of varmt","gloss":"up","note":"Oppe is an older spelling or form of modern uppe."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Lappland","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Lappland","lemma":"Lappland","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"modifies oppe","gloss":"Lapland"},{"surface":"tänkte","lemma":"tänka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to varmt","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tänkte","gloss":"boy"}]},{"number":208,"label":"","id":"ch38-p53-s5","source":"»Jag skulle allt vilja sitta på Mårten gåskarls rygg en sådan här vacker morgon.","translation":"»I would so like to sit on Morten Goosey-Gander's back on a beautiful morning like this.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sitta","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of sitta","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"allt","lemma":"allt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sitta","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"vilja","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of sitta","gloss":"to want"},{"surface":"sitta","lemma":"sitta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to sit"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gåskarls","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"Mårten","lemma":"Mårten","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of gåskarls","gloss":"Morten","note":"the studio translation renders this name as 'Morten'."},{"surface":"gåskarls","lemma":"gåskarls","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sitta","gloss":"gander's"},{"surface":"rygg","lemma":"rygg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies sitta","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of morgon","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"sådan","lemma":"sån","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies morgon","gloss":"such","note":"sån is a colloquial/older form of sådan, glossed to the modern sense."},{"surface":"här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase sådan","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"vacker","lemma":"vacker","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies morgon","gloss":"beautiful"},{"surface":"morgon","lemma":"morgon","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sitta","gloss":"morning"}]},{"number":209,"label":"","id":"ch38-p53-s6","source":"Det vore ljuvligt att få rida omkring i varm och stilla luft och se ner på marken, sådan som den nu ligger pyntad och prydd med gröna gräs och fagra blomster.»","translation":"It would be delightful to ride about in the warm, still air and look down at the ground, decked and adorned as it now lies with green grass and fair flowers.»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with ljuvligt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"vore","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, subjunctive, active","role":"copula linking to ljuvligt","gloss":"would be"},{"surface":"ljuvligt","lemma":"ljuvlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"delightful"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of rida","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"få","lemma":"få","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of rida","gloss":"get to"},{"surface":"rida","lemma":"rida","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on ljuvligt","gloss":"to ride"},{"surface":"omkring","lemma":"omkring","morphology":"adverb","role":"preposition marking luft","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking luft","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"varm","lemma":"varm","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies luft","gloss":"warm"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"stilla","lemma":"stilla","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"coordinated with varm","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"luft","lemma":"luft","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of rida","gloss":"air"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with rida","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on se","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking marken","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"marken","lemma":"mark","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of se","gloss":"ground"},{"surface":"sådan","lemma":"sån","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of se","gloss":"such","note":"sån is a colloquial/older form of sådan, glossed to the modern sense."},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ligger","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ligger","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ligger","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"ligger","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of se","gloss":"lies"},{"surface":"pyntad","lemma":"pyntad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of ligger","gloss":"decked out"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"prydd","lemma":"prydd","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with pyntad","gloss":"adorned"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gräs","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"gröna","lemma":"grön","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies gräs","gloss":"green"},{"surface":"gräs","lemma":"gräs","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of prydd","gloss":"grass"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fagra","lemma":"fager","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies blomster","gloss":"fair"},{"surface":"blomster","lemma":"blomst","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with pyntad","gloss":"flowers"}]},{"number":210,"label":"54","id":"ch38-p54-s1","source":"Detta satt han och tänkte, då örnen helt tvärt sköt ner ur luften och kom och satte sig bredvid honom på burens tak.","translation":"He sat there thinking this, when the eagle suddenly shot straight down out of the air and came and settled beside him on the roof of the cage.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of satt","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"satt","lemma":"sitta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sat"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of satt","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tänkte","lemma":"tänka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with satt","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tvärt","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"örnen","lemma":"örn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of tvärt","gloss":"eagle"},{"surface":"helt","lemma":"helt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tvärt","gloss":"quite"},{"surface":"tvärt","lemma":"tvär","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial clause on sköt","gloss":"abruptly"},{"surface":"sköt","lemma":"sköt","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to satt","gloss":"shot","note":"Past tense of 'skjuta' (to shoot/push); mistagged as present tense."},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on sköt","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"ur","lemma":"ur","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking luften","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"luften","lemma":"luft","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sköt","gloss":"air"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with sköt","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"satte","lemma":"satte","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with kom","gloss":"sat down","note":"past tense of sätta; here reflexive satte sig 'sat down'."},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of satte","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"bredvid","lemma":"bredvid","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"beside"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of kom","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tak","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"burens","lemma":"bur","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of tak","gloss":"the cage's"},{"surface":"tak","lemma":"tak","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of kom","gloss":"roof"}]},{"number":211,"label":"","id":"ch38-p54-s2","source":"»Jag ville pröva mina vingar för att se om de ännu duger till något,» sade Gorgo.","translation":"»I wanted to try out my wings, to see if they're still good for anything,» said Gorgo.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of pröva","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"ville","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of pröva","gloss":"wanted to"},{"surface":"pröva","lemma":"pröva","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"try"},{"surface":"mina","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"possessor of vingar","gloss":"my","note":"This entry is really the possessive \"mina\" (plural agreement), mistagged under the lemma jag."},{"surface":"vingar","lemma":"ving","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of pröva","gloss":"wings"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on pröva","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of duger","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of duger","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"ännu","lemma":"ännu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies duger","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"duger","lemma":"duga","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of se","gloss":"is any good"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking något","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"något","lemma":"någon","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of duger","gloss":"anything"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on något","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Gorgo","lemma":"Gorgo","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"Gorgo","note":"Proper name of an eagle character; mistagged as a common noun plural."}]},{"number":212,"label":"","id":"ch38-p54-s3","source":"»Du trodde väl inte, att jag ämnade lämna dig kvar i fångenskapen?","translation":"»You didn't think, did you, that I meant to leave you behind in captivity?","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of trodde","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"trodde","lemma":"tro","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"believed"},{"surface":"väl","lemma":"väl","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies trodde","gloss":"did you"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies trodde","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ämnade","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ämnade","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"ämnade","lemma":"ämna","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of trodde","gloss":"intended"},{"surface":"lämna","lemma":"lämna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of ämnade","gloss":"leave"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of lämna","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"kvar","lemma":"kvar","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on lämna","gloss":"still there"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fångenskapen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"fångenskapen","lemma":"fångenskap","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of lämna","gloss":"captivity"}]},{"number":213,"label":"","id":"ch38-p54-s4","source":"Sätt dig nu opp på min rygg, så ska jag föra dig tillbaka till dina reskamrater!»","translation":"Climb up on my back now, and I'll carry you back to your traveling companions!»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sätt","lemma":"sätt","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"subject of opp","gloss":"climb up"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of Sätt","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies opp","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"opp","lemma":"oppa","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"depends on föra","gloss":"up","note":"Dialectal form of upp (\"up\"), a particle, not a finite verb; the parser mistagged it."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rygg","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"min","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of rygg","gloss":"my","note":"possessive form min of the pronoun jag."},{"surface":"rygg","lemma":"rygg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of opp","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial clause on föra","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ska","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of föra","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of föra","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"föra","lemma":"föra","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"carry"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of föra","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"tillbaka","lemma":"tillbaka","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies föra","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking reskamrater","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"dina","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"possessor of reskamrater","gloss":"your","note":"This entry is really the possessive \"dina\" (plural agreement), mistagged under the lemma du."},{"surface":"reskamrater","lemma":"reskamrat","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of tillbaka","gloss":"traveling companions"}]},{"number":214,"label":"55","id":"ch38-p55-s1","source":"»Nej, det är omöjligt,» sade pojken,","translation":"»No, that's impossible,» said the boy,","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nej","lemma":"nej","morphology":"interjection","role":"depends on omöjligt","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with omöjligt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to omöjligt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"omöjligt","lemma":"omöjlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"impossible"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to omöjligt","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"boy"}]},{"number":215,"label":"","id":"ch38-p55-s2","source":"»Jag har gett mitt ord på att stanna här, tills jag blir frigiven.»","translation":"»I've given my word to stay here until I'm set free.»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gett","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gett","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"gett","lemma":"ge","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"given"},{"surface":"mitt","lemma":"mig","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of ord","gloss":"my","note":"Neuter form of the possessive min (\"my\"), not the object pronoun mig."},{"surface":"ord","lemma":"ord","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gett","gloss":"word"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of stanna","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of stanna","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"stanna","lemma":"stanna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on gett","gloss":"stay"},{"surface":"här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stanna","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"tills","lemma":"tills","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of blir","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blir","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"blir","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on gett","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"frigiven","lemma":"frigiven","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of blir","gloss":"set free"}]},{"number":216,"label":"56","id":"ch38-p56-s1","source":"»Vad pratar du för dumheter?» sade Gorgo.","translation":"»What nonsense are you talking?» said Gorgo.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vad","lemma":"vad","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of pratar","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"pratar","lemma":"prata","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"are talking"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of pratar","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dumheter","gloss":"kind of"},{"surface":"dumheter","lemma":"dumhet","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of pratar","gloss":"nonsense"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Gorgo","lemma":"Gorgo","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"Gorgo","note":"Proper name of an eagle character; mistagged as a common noun plural."}]},{"number":217,"label":"","id":"ch38-p56-s2","source":"»Först har de fört hit dig mot din vilja, och sedan har de tvingat dig att lova att stanna här!","translation":"»First they brought you here against your will, and then they forced you to promise to stay here!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Först","lemma":"först","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fört","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of fört","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of fört","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"fört","lemma":"föra","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"carried"},{"surface":"hit","lemma":"hit","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on fört","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of fört","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vilja","gloss":"against"},{"surface":"din","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of vilja","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"vilja","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of fört","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sedan","lemma":"sedan","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tvingat","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tvingat","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of tvingat","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"tvingat","lemma":"tvinga","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with fört","gloss":"forced"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tvingat","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of lova","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"lova","lemma":"lova","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on tvingat","gloss":"to promise"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of stanna","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"stanna","lemma":"stanna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of lova","gloss":"stay"},{"surface":"här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stanna","gloss":"here"}]},{"number":218,"label":"","id":"ch38-p56-s3","source":"Du kan väl begripa, att ett sådant där löfte behöver man inte hålla.»","translation":"You can surely see that such a promise as that one doesn't have to keep.»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of begripa","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of begripa","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"väl","lemma":"väl","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies begripa","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"begripa","lemma":"begripa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hålla","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of sådant","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"sådant","lemma":"sån","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of hålla","gloss":"such a thing"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hålla","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"löfte","lemma":"löfte","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of hålla","gloss":"promise"},{"surface":"behöver","lemma":"behöva","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of hålla","gloss":"need"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hålla","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies hålla","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"hålla","lemma":"hålla","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of begripa","gloss":"to keep"}]},{"number":219,"label":"","id":"ch38-p56-s4","source":"— »Jo, det är jag allt tvungen till ändå,» sade pojken.","translation":"— »Yes, I'm bound to it all the same,» said the boy.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jo","lemma":"jo","morphology":"interjection","role":"depends on jag","gloss":"well/yes","note":"used to affirm or answer a question, often contradicting an implied doubt."},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with jag","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to jag","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"depends on »","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"allt","lemma":"allt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tvungen","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"tvungen","lemma":"tvung","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial clause on jag","gloss":"obliged"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ändå","gloss":"to it"},{"surface":"ändå","lemma":"ändå","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies jag","gloss":"all the same"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to jag","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"boy"}]},{"number":220,"label":"","id":"ch38-p56-s5","source":"»Du ska ha tack för välmeningen, men du kan inte hjälpa mig.»","translation":"»You have my thanks for your good intentions, but you can't help me.»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ha","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"ska","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ha","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to have"},{"surface":"tack","lemma":"tack","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on ha","gloss":"thanks"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking välmeningen","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"välmeningen","lemma":"välmening","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ha","gloss":"good intentions"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hjälpa","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of hjälpa","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies hjälpa","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"hjälpa","lemma":"hjälpa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with ha","gloss":"help"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of hjälpa","gloss":"me"}]},{"number":221,"label":"57","id":"ch38-p57-s1","source":"»Kan jag inte?» sade Gorgo.","translation":"»Can't I?» said Gorgo.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of inte","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of inte","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies »","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"Gorgo","lemma":"Gorgo","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"Gorgo","note":"Proper name of an eagle character; mistagged as a common noun plural."}]},{"number":222,"label":"","id":"ch38-p57-s2","source":"»Det ska du snart få se.»","translation":"»You'll soon see.»","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of se","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"ska","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of se","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of se","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"snart","lemma":"snart","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies få","gloss":"soon"},{"surface":"få","lemma":"få","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of se","gloss":"get to"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"see"}]},{"number":223,"label":"","id":"ch38-p57-s3","source":"Och i detsamma fattade han om Nils Holgersson med sin stora fot, höjde sig med honom upp i himlens sky och försvann i riktning norrut.","translation":"And with that he seized hold of Nils Holgersson with his great foot, rose with him up into the sky of heaven, and vanished off toward the north.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"fattade om","title":"Particle verb «fatta om»","body":"«fatta om» means 'to grasp/close one's hand or claws around' something — the particle «om» ('around') added to «fatta» ('grasp') gives the sense of encircling. Here it's how the eagle seizes Nils to carry him off."}],"words":[{"surface":"Och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking detsamma","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"detsamma","lemma":"detsamma","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of fattade","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"fattade","lemma":"fatta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on höjde","gloss":"seized hold"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fattade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Nils","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"Nils","lemma":"Nils","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of fattade","gloss":"Nils"},{"surface":"Holgersson","lemma":"Holgersson","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"depends on Nils","gloss":"Holgersson"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fot","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of fot","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"stora","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies fot","gloss":"big","note":"weak/definite form (stora), used with a singular definite noun, e.g. den stora länstolen."},{"surface":"fot","lemma":"fot","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Nils","gloss":"foot"},{"surface":"höjde","lemma":"höja","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"raised"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of höjde","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking honom","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of höjde","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies höjde","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sky","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"himlens","lemma":"himl","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of sky","gloss":"heaven's"},{"surface":"sky","lemma":"sky","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of höjde","gloss":"cloud"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"försvann","lemma":"försvann","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with höjde","gloss":"disappeared","note":"Past tense of försvinna ('disappeared'), mistagged as a noun."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies försvann","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"riktning","lemma":"riktning","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase i","gloss":"direction"},{"surface":"norrut","lemma":"norrut","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase i","gloss":"northward"}]}]}