{"work":{"slug":"nils","title":{"source":"Nils Holgerssons underbara resa genom Sverige","translated":"The Wonderful Adventures of Nils"},"author":"Selma Lagerlöf","language":"Swedish","languageCode":"sv","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/nils"},"unit":{"kind":"chapter","number":null,"id":"ch48","title":{"source":"Värmland och Dalsland","translated":"Värmland and Dalsland"},"section":"The Wonderful Adventures of Nils","summary":null,"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/nils/ch48","lines":115},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/books/nils/ch47","next":"https://1732studios.com/books/nils/ch49","license":"Source text: public domain (Selma Lagerlöf, d. 1940; first published 1906–1907). English translation: © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC — original draft, pending editorial review.","audioBase":null,"lines":[{"number":1,"label":"1","id":"ch48-p1-s1","source":"Nästa dag passade pojken på under en rastestund, då Akka gick och betade en smula avsides från de andra vildgässen, och frågade henne om det, som Bataki hade berättat, var sant, och Akka hade inte kunnat förneka det.","translation":"Next day the boy took advantage of a rest, when Akka went off and grazed a little apart from the other wild geese, and asked her whether what Bataki had told him was true, and Akka had not been able to deny it.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nästa","lemma":"nästa","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies dag","gloss":"next"},{"surface":"dag","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of passade","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"passade","lemma":"passa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"took advantage","note":"'passade på' is an idiom meaning 'seized the opportunity'."},{"surface":"pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of passade","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dag","gloss":"advantage"},{"surface":"under","lemma":"under","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rastestund","gloss":"during"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of rastestund","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"rastestund","lemma":"rastestund","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of passade","gloss":"rest break"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of gick","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of gick","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"gick","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on rastestund","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"betade","lemma":"beta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with gick","gloss":"grazed"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of smula","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"smula","lemma":"smula","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of gick","gloss":"bit"},{"surface":"avsides","lemma":"avsides","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gick","gloss":"apart"},{"surface":"från","lemma":"från","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vildgässen","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of vildgässen","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies vildgässen","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gick","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"frågade","lemma":"fråga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with gick","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"henne","lemma":"henne","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of frågade","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"modifies gick","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"part of the phrase om","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of berättat","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"Bataki","lemma":"Bataki","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of berättat","gloss":"Bataki"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of berättat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"berättat","lemma":"berätta","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"relative clause on rastestund","gloss":"told"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to sant","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"sant","lemma":"sant","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"in apposition to passade","gloss":"true"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Akka","lemma":"Akka","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of förneka","gloss":"Akka","note":"proper name of the lead wild goose; keep untranslated."},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of förneka","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies förneka","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"kunnat","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, supine","role":"auxiliary of förneka","gloss":"been able to"},{"surface":"förneka","lemma":"förneka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with sant","gloss":"deny"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of förneka","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":2,"label":"","id":"ch48-p1-s2","source":"Då tog pojken löfte av förargåsen, att hon inte skulle förråda hemligheten för Mårten gåskarl.","translation":"Then the boy made the goose swear that she would not betray the secret to Morten Goosey-Gander.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tog","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"tog","lemma":"ta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"took"},{"surface":"pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies löfte","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"löfte","lemma":"löfte","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of tog","gloss":"promise"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking förargåsen","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"förargåsen","lemma":"förargås","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of tog","gloss":"lead goose"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of förråda","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hon","lemma":"hon","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of förråda","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies förråda","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of förråda","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"förråda","lemma":"förråda","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on tog","gloss":"to betray"},{"surface":"hemligheten","lemma":"hemlighet","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of förråda","gloss":"secret"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Mårten","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Mårten","lemma":"Mårten","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"modifies hemligheten","gloss":"Morten","note":"the studio translation renders this name as 'Morten'."},{"surface":"gåskarl","lemma":"gåskarl","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Mårten","gloss":"gander"}]},{"number":3,"label":"","id":"ch48-p1-s3","source":"För den store vite var så tapper och ädelmodig, att pojken fruktade, att han skulle gå och ställa till någon olycka, om han finge reda på tomtens villkor.","translation":"For the big white gander was so brave and generous that the boy feared he would go and cause some misfortune if he learned the elf's condition.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"För","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vite","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of vite","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"store","lemma":"store","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies vite","gloss":"big","note":"Weak-declension form of 'stor'."},{"surface":"vite","lemma":"vite","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies tapper","gloss":"white one","note":"Definite/weak form of vit used substantively, \"the white one\"."},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to tapper","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tapper","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"tapper","lemma":"tapp","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"brave","note":"Mistagged as a plural noun; the surface 'tapper' is the adjective tapper (brave)."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ädelmodig","lemma":"ädelmodig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with tapper","gloss":"generous"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fruktade","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fruktade","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"fruktade","lemma":"frukta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"depends on tapper","gloss":"feared"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gå","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gå","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gå","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"gå","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of fruktade","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ställa","lemma":"ställa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with gå","gloss":"to cause"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking olycka","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"någon","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of olycka","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"olycka","lemma":"olycka","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ställa","gloss":"misfortune"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of finge","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of finge","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"finge","lemma":"finge","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on tapper","gloss":"were allowed to","note":"past subjunctive of få ('to get/be allowed'); mistagged as supine."},{"surface":"reda","lemma":"reda","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on finge","gloss":"find out","note":"part of the fixed expression leta/taga/söka reda på, 'find out'; all four attested examples mean find/know, not organize/sort."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking villkor","gloss":"learned"},{"surface":"tomtens","lemma":"tomt","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of villkor","gloss":"gnome's","note":"Genitive of 'tomte', the household spirit, not 'tomt' (a plot of land)."},{"surface":"villkor","lemma":"villkor","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of finge","gloss":"condition"}]},{"number":4,"label":"2","id":"ch48-p2-s1","source":"Sedan satt pojken trumpen och tyst på gåsryggen, hängde med huvudet och brydde sig inte om att se sig omkring.","translation":"After that the boy sat sullen and silent on the goose's back, hung his head, and did not care to look about him.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sedan","lemma":"sedan","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies satt","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"satt","lemma":"sätta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sat","note":"This form (satt) is actually the past tense of sitta 'to sit', not sätta 'to set'; glossed by its real sense."},{"surface":"pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies trumpen","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"trumpen","lemma":"trump","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of satt","gloss":"sullen"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tyst","lemma":"tyst","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with satt","gloss":"quiet"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gåsryggen","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"gåsryggen","lemma":"gåsrygg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of tyst","gloss":"goose's back"},{"surface":"hängde","lemma":"hängde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to satt","gloss":"hung"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking huvudet","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"huvudet","lemma":"huvud","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of hängde","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"brydde","lemma":"brydde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with hängde","gloss":"cared","note":"Occurs mainly in the reflexive idiom 'brydde sig om' meaning 'cared about/bothered'."},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of brydde","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies brydde","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on brydde","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of se","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"omkring","lemma":"omkring","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies se","gloss":"around"}]},{"number":5,"label":"","id":"ch48-p2-s2","source":"Han hörde hur vildgässen ropade ut för ungarna, att nu foro de in i Dalarna, och nu kunde de se Städjan uppe i norr, och nu flögo de över Österdalälven, och nu voro de komna till Horrmundsjön, och nu hade de Västerdalälvens dalgång under sig, men han gitte inte se åt allt detta.","translation":"He heard the wild geese calling out to the goslings that now they were flying into Dalarna, and now they could see Städjan up in the north, and now they were flying over the Österdalälven, and now they had come to Lake Horrmund, and now they had the valley of the Västerdalälven beneath them, but he did not trouble to look at any of it.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"foro / voro / flögo","title":"Archaic plural verb forms","body":"1906 Swedish still marked the plural for many verbs: «foro» (they fared/went, sg. «for»), «voro» (they were, sg. «var»), and «flögo» (they flew, sg. «flög»). Modern Swedish dropped this agreement entirely — today all these would simply be «for», «var», «flög» for both singular and plural subjects."}],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hörde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hörde","lemma":"höra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"hur","lemma":"hur","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ropade","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ropade","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"ropade","lemma":"ropa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on hörde","gloss":"called out"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on ropade","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ungarna","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ungarna","lemma":"unge","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of ropade","gloss":"goslings"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies foro","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"foro","lemma":"foro","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"adverbial clause on se","gloss":"went","note":"Mistagged as a noun; foro is the plural past tense of fara (\"went/traveled\")."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of foro","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on foro","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dalarna","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"Dalarna","lemma":"Dalarna","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of in","gloss":"Dalarna"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies se","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of se","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of se","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with hörde","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"Städjan","lemma":"städjan","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"direct object of se","gloss":"Städjan"},{"surface":"uppe","lemma":"uppe","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies se","gloss":"up high"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies se","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"norr","lemma":"norr","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase i","gloss":"north"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies flögo","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"flögo","lemma":"flögo","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with hörde","gloss":"flew","note":"Past plural of flyga; mistagged as present tense."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of flögo","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Österdalälven","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"Österdalälven","lemma":"Österdalälven","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of flögo","gloss":"the Eastern Dalälven"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies voro","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with hörde","gloss":"were","note":"Past plural of vara (to be); mistagged as an adjective."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of komna","gloss":"they","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"komna","lemma":"komn","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"part of the phrase voro","gloss":"come","note":"Plural past participle of komma (\"to come\")."},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Horrmundsjön","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Horrmundsjön","lemma":"Horrmundsjön","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of komna","gloss":"Lake Horrmund"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hade","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with voro","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"Västerdalälvens","lemma":"Västerdalälven","morphology":"proper noun, genitive","role":"possessor of dalgång","gloss":"Västerdalälven's"},{"surface":"dalgång","lemma":"dalgång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"valley"},{"surface":"under","lemma":"under","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sig","gloss":"beneath"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"oblique complement of hade","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies gitte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"gitte","lemma":"gitte","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of se","gloss":"cared to","note":"Gitte is an archaic past form of gitta, ‘to care or trouble to’."},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies se","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with voro","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"åt","lemma":"åt","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on se","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"allt","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of detta","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of se","gloss":"this"}]},{"number":6,"label":"","id":"ch48-p2-s3","source":"»Jag kommer väl att fara omkring med vildgässen hela mitt liv,» tänkte han, »så att jag får nog se mer av det här landet, än jag har lust till.»","translation":"\"I suppose I shall go on flying about with the wild geese all my life,\" he thought, \"so that I'll see a great deal more of this country than I have any wish to.\"","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fara","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"kommer","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of fara","gloss":"comes"},{"surface":"väl","lemma":"väl","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kommer","gloss":"suppose"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fara","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"fara","lemma":"fara","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"go","note":"some listed surfaces (fara, far) are actually forms of the unrelated verb fara 'to travel/go'; gloss the noun sense danger for the noun-tagged type."},{"surface":"omkring","lemma":"omkring","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vildgässen","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vildgässen","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies fara","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"hela","lemma":"hel","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies liv","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"mitt","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of liv","gloss":"my","note":"This entry is really the possessive \"mitt\" (neuter agreement), mistagged under the lemma jag."},{"surface":"liv","lemma":"liv","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies fara","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"tänkte","lemma":"tänka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with fara","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tänkte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase så","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of se","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"får","lemma":"få","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of se","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"nog","lemma":"nog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies se","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on tänkte","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"mer","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies se","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking landet","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of landet","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase det","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"landet","lemma":"land","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of se","gloss":"land"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of har","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of har","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on tänkte","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"lust","lemma":"lust","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"desire"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking har","gloss":"for"}]},{"number":7,"label":"3","id":"ch48-p3-s1","source":"Han blev inte mindre håglös, när vildgässen ropade, att nu voro de komna in i Värmland, och att älven, som de följde mot söder, var Klarälven.","translation":"He grew no less listless when the wild geese called out that now they had come into Värmland, and that the river they were following southward was the Klarälven.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies blev","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"mindre","lemma":"lite","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies håglös","gloss":"less","note":"Surface 'mindre' is the shared comparative of both 'lite' (less) and 'liten' (small); in ch. examples it renders as predicate-adjective 'smaller' (mycket mindre än han, mindre höga) as often as adverbial 'less' (nöjde sig inte med mindre)."},{"surface":"håglös","lemma":"håglös","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of blev","gloss":"listless"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ropade","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ropade","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"ropade","lemma":"ropa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on blev","gloss":"called out"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of voro","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies voro","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"depends on ropade","gloss":"were","note":"Past plural of vara (to be); mistagged as an adjective."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of komna","gloss":"they","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"komna","lemma":"komn","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"subject of voro","gloss":"come","note":"Plural past participle of komma (\"to come\")."},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"adverb","role":"preposition marking komna","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Värmland","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"Värmland","lemma":"Värmland","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of komna","gloss":"Värmland","note":"A Swedish province."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of var","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"älven","lemma":"älv","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase att","gloss":"river"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of följde","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of följde","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"följde","lemma":"följa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on älven","gloss":"followed"},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies följde","gloss":"southward"},{"surface":"söder","lemma":"söder","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase mot","gloss":"south"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"var","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with voro","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"Klarälven","lemma":"Klarälven","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of voro","gloss":"the Klarälven","note":"Name of the river Klarälven in Värmland."}]},{"number":8,"label":"","id":"ch48-p3-s2","source":"»Jag har redan sett så många älvar,» tänkte han.","translation":"\"I have already seen so many rivers,\" he thought.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sett","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of sett","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"redan","lemma":"redan","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sett","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"sett","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"seen"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies många","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"många","lemma":"många","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies älvar","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"älvar","lemma":"älv","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sett","gloss":"rivers","note":"Mistagged as an adverb; älvar is the plural of älv (\"river\")."},{"surface":"tänkte","lemma":"tänka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with sett","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tänkte","gloss":"he"}]},{"number":9,"label":"","id":"ch48-p3-s3","source":"»Jag behöver inte göra mig besvär med att titta på en till.»","translation":"\"I needn't trouble myself to look at one more.\"","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of göra","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"behöver","lemma":"behöva","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of göra","gloss":"need"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies göra","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"göra","lemma":"göra","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"take"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of göra","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"besvär","lemma":"besvär","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of göra","gloss":"trouble"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of titta","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of titta","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"titta","lemma":"titta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on göra","gloss":"to look"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking en","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"numeral, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of till","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on titta","gloss":"more"}]},{"number":10,"label":"4","id":"ch48-p4-s1","source":"Också om han hade varit mera skådelysten, hade han inte haft mycket att se på, för i norra Värmland finns inte annat än stora, enformiga skogar, genom vilka Klarälven slingrar, smal och rik på forsar.","translation":"Even if he had been more eager to look, he would not have had much to see, for in northern Värmland there is nothing but great, monotonous forests, through which the Klarälven winds, narrow and rich in rapids.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Också","lemma":"också","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies skådelysten","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase Också","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of skådelysten","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of skådelysten","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"varit","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, supine","role":"copula linking to skådelysten","gloss":"been"},{"surface":"mera","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"modifies skådelysten","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"skådelysten","lemma":"skådelyst","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of haft","gloss":"eager to look"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of haft","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of haft","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies haft","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"haft","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"mycket","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"direct object of haft","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on haft","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on se","gloss":"to see"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies Värmland","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Värmland","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"norra","lemma":"norra","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies Värmland","gloss":"northern"},{"surface":"Värmland","lemma":"Värmland","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of haft","gloss":"Värmland","note":"A Swedish province."},{"surface":"finns","lemma":"finnas","morphology":"verb, present, indicative","role":"adverbial clause on haft","gloss":"there is"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies finns","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"annat","lemma":"annan","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of finns","gloss":"anything else"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"modifies stora","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"stora","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"adverbial clause on finns","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"enformiga","lemma":"enformig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies skogar","gloss":"monotonous"},{"surface":"skogar","lemma":"skog","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with finns","gloss":"forests"},{"surface":"genom","lemma":"genom","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vilka","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"vilka","lemma":"vilken","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"oblique complement of slingrar","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"Klarälven","lemma":"Klarälven","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of slingrar","gloss":"the Klarälven","note":"Name of the river Klarälven in Värmland."},{"surface":"slingrar","lemma":"slingra","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on finns","gloss":"winds"},{"surface":"smal","lemma":"smal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with slingrar","gloss":"narrow"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"rik","lemma":"rik","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with smal","gloss":"rich"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking forsar","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"forsar","lemma":"forsa","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of slingrar","gloss":"rapids"}]},{"number":11,"label":"","id":"ch48-p4-s2","source":"Här och där syns en kolmila, ett svedjefall eller ett par låga, skorstenslösa stugor, där det bor finnar.","translation":"Here and there a charcoal kiln is seen, a patch of burned-over clearing, or a pair of low, chimneyless cabins where Finns live.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies syns","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies syns","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"syns","lemma":"synas","morphology":"verb, present, indicative","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is seen"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of kolmila","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"kolmila","lemma":"kolmila","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of syns","gloss":"charcoal pit"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of svedjefall","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"svedjefall","lemma":"svedjefall","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of finnar","gloss":"burned clearing"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of par","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"par","lemma":"par","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies låga","gloss":"couple"},{"surface":"låga","lemma":"låg","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with svedjefall","gloss":"low"},{"surface":"skorstenslösa","lemma":"skorstenslös","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with svedjefall","gloss":"chimneyless"},{"surface":"stugor","lemma":"stuga","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with svedjefall","gloss":"cottages"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bor","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with bor","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"bor","lemma":"bo","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"subject of finnar","gloss":"lives"},{"surface":"finnar","lemma":"finna","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"in apposition to kolmila","gloss":"finds"}]},{"number":12,"label":"","id":"ch48-p4-s3","source":"Men i allmänhet har skogen en sådan utbredning, att man kan tro sig vara långt uppe i Lappland.","translation":"But in general the forest is of such extent that one might believe oneself far up in Lapland.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies Men","gloss":"in general"},{"surface":"allmänhet","lemma":"allmänhet","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase i","gloss":"general"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"skogen","lemma":"skog","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of har","gloss":"forest"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of utbredning","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"sådan","lemma":"sån","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies utbredning","gloss":"such","note":"sån is a colloquial/older form of sådan, glossed to the modern sense."},{"surface":"utbredning","lemma":"utbredning","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"extent"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tro","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tro","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tro","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"tro","lemma":"tro","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clause modifying utbredning","gloss":"believe"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"indirect object of tro","gloss":"oneself"},{"surface":"vara","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of tro","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"långt","lemma":"lång","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies uppe","gloss":"far","note":"Comparative adverb forms of 'lång' (long); English rendering shifts between spatial 'far/further' and temporal 'longer' depending on context."},{"surface":"uppe","lemma":"uppe","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vara","gloss":"up high"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Lappland","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Lappland","lemma":"Lappland","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of uppe","gloss":"Lapland"}]},{"number":13,"label":"5","id":"ch48-p5-s1","source":"Vildgässen slogo ner på ett svedjefall tätt vid Klarälvstranden, och medan fåglarna gingo där och betade frisk, nyuppkommen höstråg, hörde pojken skratt och glam inifrån skogen.","translation":"The wild geese came down on a burned clearing close by the bank of the Klarälven, and while the birds walked about grazing on fresh, newly sprung autumn rye, the boy heard laughter and chatter coming from the forest.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässen","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of slogo","gloss":"the wild geese"},{"surface":"slogo","lemma":"slogo","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"came down","note":"Archaic plural preterite of slå; tagged present but functions as past tense."},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on slogo","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking svedjefall","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of svedjefall","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"svedjefall","lemma":"svedjefall","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of slogo","gloss":"burned clearing"},{"surface":"tätt","lemma":"tätt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies slogo","gloss":"close"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Klarälvstranden","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"Klarälvstranden","lemma":"Klarälvstranden","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of slogo","gloss":"the Klarälven bank"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"medan","lemma":"medan","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gingo","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"fåglarna","lemma":"fåglarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of gingo","gloss":"the birds"},{"surface":"gingo","lemma":"gingo","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with slogo","gloss":"went","note":"Past plural of gå (to go); mistagged as an adjective."},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gingo","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"betade","lemma":"beta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with där","gloss":"grazed"},{"surface":"frisk","lemma":"frisk","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies nyuppkommen","gloss":"fresh"},{"surface":"nyuppkommen","lemma":"nyuppkomm","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of slogo","gloss":"newly sprouted"},{"surface":"höstråg","lemma":"höstråg","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies nyuppkommen","gloss":"autumn rye"},{"surface":"hörde","lemma":"höra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with slogo","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hörde","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"skratt","lemma":"skratt","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of hörde","gloss":"laughter"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"glam","lemma":"glam","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies skogen","gloss":"merriment"},{"surface":"inifrån","lemma":"inifrån","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies skogen","gloss":"from within"},{"surface":"skogen","lemma":"skog","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with skratt","gloss":"forest"}]},{"number":14,"label":"","id":"ch48-p5-s2","source":"Det var sju raska karlar, som kommo gående med ränsel på ryggen och yxa över skuldran.","translation":"It was seven brisk fellows who came walking along with knapsacks on their backs and axes over their shoulders.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of karlar","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to karlar","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"sju","lemma":"sju","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies karlar","gloss":"seven"},{"surface":"raska","lemma":"rask","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies karlar","gloss":"brisk","note":"ch19-p48-s4 'ett par raska snitt' = 'a couple of quick strokes' — 'sturdy' is wrong there; the word covers both 'brisk/quick' and 'sturdy/vigorous' senses depending on referent."},{"surface":"karlar","lemma":"karl","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of kommo","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"kommo","lemma":"kommo","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on karlar","gloss":"came","note":"kommo is the archaic plural past tense of komma 'to come', not an infinitive despite the tag."},{"surface":"gående","lemma":"gåe","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"direct object of kommo","gloss":"walking","note":"Present participle 'gående' of 'gå' (to walk), used adjectivally/adverbially; mistagged as a plain adjective lemma."},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ränsel","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"ränsel","lemma":"ränsel","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kommo","gloss":"knapsack"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ryggen","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"ryggen","lemma":"rygg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kommo","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"yxa","lemma":"yxa","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with kommo","gloss":"axe"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skuldran","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"skuldran","lemma":"skuldra","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies yxa","gloss":"shoulder"}]},{"number":15,"label":"","id":"ch48-p5-s3","source":"Den dagen längtade pojken obeskrivligt efter människor, och han blev riktigt glad, när de sju arbetarna lossade sina ränslar och kastade sig ner på älvstranden för att vila.","translation":"That day the boy longed indescribably for human company, and he grew truly glad when the seven workmen shed their knapsacks and threw themselves down on the riverbank to rest.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of dagen","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"dagen","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of pojken","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"längtade","lemma":"längta","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies pojken","gloss":"longed"},{"surface":"pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of obeskrivligt","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"obeskrivligt","lemma":"obeskrivlig","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"indescribably"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking människor","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"människor","lemma":"människa","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"riktigt","lemma":"riktig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies glad","gloss":"truly"},{"surface":"glad","lemma":"glad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of blev","gloss":"glad"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of lossade","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of arbetarna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"sju","lemma":"sju","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies arbetarna","gloss":"seven"},{"surface":"arbetarna","lemma":"arbetare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of lossade","gloss":"workers"},{"surface":"lossade","lemma":"lossa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on blev","gloss":"shed"},{"surface":"sina","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"possessor of ränslar","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"ränslar","lemma":"ränsl","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of lossade","gloss":"knapsacks"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"kastade","lemma":"kasta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with lossade","gloss":"threw"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of kastade","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kastade","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking älvstranden","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"älvstranden","lemma":"älvstrand","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ner","gloss":"riverbank"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of vila","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of vila","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"vila","lemma":"vila","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on kastade","gloss":"to rest"}]},{"number":16,"label":"6","id":"ch48-p6-s1","source":"De pratade oupphörligt, och pojken låg bakom en tuva och gladde sig åt att höra människoröster.","translation":"They talked without stopping, and the boy lay behind a tussock and rejoiced to hear human voices.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of pratade","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"pratade","lemma":"prata","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"talked"},{"surface":"oupphörligt","lemma":"oupphörlig","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies pratade","gloss":"without stopping"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of låg","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"låg","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with pratade","gloss":"lay"},{"surface":"bakom","lemma":"bakom","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tuva","gloss":"behind"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of tuva","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"tuva","lemma":"tuva","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of låg","gloss":"tussock"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"gladde","lemma":"gla","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with låg","gloss":"rejoiced","note":"reflexive 'gladde sig' = rejoiced/delighted."},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of gladde","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"åt","lemma":"åt","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of höra","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of höra","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"höra","lemma":"höra","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on gladde","gloss":"to hear"},{"surface":"människoröster","lemma":"människoröst","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of höra","gloss":"human voices"}]},{"number":17,"label":"","id":"ch48-p6-s2","source":"Han fick snart reda på att de voro värmlänningar, som ämnade sig upp till Norrland för att söka arbete.","translation":"He soon learned that they were Värmland men who intended to go up to Norrland to look for work.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"voro","title":"Plural «voro» = 'were'","body":"«voro» is the archaic plural preterite of «vara» ('to be'), used here with the plural subject «de» ('they'). Modern Swedish uses «var» for every person and number."}],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fick","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"fick","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"learned"},{"surface":"snart","lemma":"snart","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fick","gloss":"soon"},{"surface":"reda","lemma":"reda","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on fick","gloss":"find out","note":"part of the fixed expression leta/taga/söka reda på, 'find out'; all four attested examples mean find/know, not organize/sort."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of värmlänningar","gloss":"learned"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase på","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of värmlänningar","gloss":"they","note":"This type's own examples show 'de' used as the plain personal pronoun \"they\" (de voro ovanligt strävsamma = \"they were unusually...\") as often as the determiner \"the\" (de andra = \"the others\"); a fixed gloss of \"the\" mis-renders every pronoun occurrence."},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies värmlänningar","gloss":"were","note":"archaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective."},{"surface":"värmlänningar","lemma":"värmlänning","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of fick","gloss":"Värmland men"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of ämnade","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"ämnade","lemma":"ämna","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on värmlänningar","gloss":"intended"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of ämnade","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ämnade","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Norrland","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Norrland","lemma":"Norrland","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of ämnade","gloss":"Norrland","note":"Region of northern Sweden."},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of söka","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of söka","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"söka","lemma":"söka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on ämnade","gloss":"search"},{"surface":"arbete","lemma":"arbete","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of söka","gloss":"work"}]},{"number":18,"label":"","id":"ch48-p6-s3","source":"Det var muntert folk, och de hade mycket att tala om, därför att de hade arbetat på många olika orter.","translation":"They were merry folk, and they had a great deal to talk about, because they had worked in many different places.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of folk","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to folk","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"muntert","lemma":"muntert","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies folk","gloss":"merry"},{"surface":"folk","lemma":"folk","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on folk","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"mycket","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"modifies hade","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of tala","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"tala","lemma":"tala","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on hade","gloss":"to speak"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tala","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"därför","lemma":"därför","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of arbetat","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase därför","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of arbetat","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of arbetat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"arbetat","lemma":"arbeta","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on hade","gloss":"worked"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking orter","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"många","lemma":"många","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies orter","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"olika","lemma":"olik","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies orter","gloss":"different"},{"surface":"orter","lemma":"ort","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of arbetat","gloss":"places"}]},{"number":19,"label":"","id":"ch48-p6-s4","source":"Men mittunder samspråket råkade en av dem säga, att fastän han hade varit överallt i Sverige, hade han inte sett någon trakt, som var vackrare än Nordmarken borta i västra Värmland, där han var hemma.","translation":"But in the middle of the conversation one of them happened to say that although he had been all over Sweden, he had not seen any district more beautiful than Nordmarken, over in western Värmland, where he was from.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"mittunder","lemma":"mittunder","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"in the middle of"},{"surface":"samspråket","lemma":"samspråke","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of råkade","gloss":"the conversation"},{"surface":"råkade","lemma":"råka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to mittunder","gloss":"happened to"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of råkade","gloss":"one","note":"Surfaces are only \"en\"/\"En\" used as a counting pronoun (\"en av dem\" = \"one of them\"), not the indefinite generic pronoun man/en (\"one does X\"). Lemma is mistagged as man; it should be en (numeral pronoun \"one\"). Gloss \"one\" happens to still be correct."},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"modifies en","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"säga","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on råkade","gloss":"to say"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sett","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"fastän","lemma":"fastän","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of varit","gloss":"although"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of varit","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of varit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"varit","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on sett","gloss":"been"},{"surface":"överallt","lemma":"överallt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies varit","gloss":"everywhere"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Sverige","gloss":"throughout"},{"surface":"Sverige","lemma":"Sverige","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of överallt","gloss":"Sweden"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of sett","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sett","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies sett","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"sett","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on råkade","gloss":"seen"},{"surface":"någon","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of trakt","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"trakt","lemma":"trakt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of sett","gloss":"region"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of vackrare","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to vackrare","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"vackrare","lemma":"vackr","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"relative clause on trakt","gloss":"more beautiful"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of Nordmarken","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"Nordmarken","lemma":"Nordmarken","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of mittunder","gloss":"Nordmarken"},{"surface":"borta","lemma":"borta","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Nordmarken","gloss":"over in"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Värmland","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"västra","lemma":"västra","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies Värmland","gloss":"western"},{"surface":"Värmland","lemma":"Värmland","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of mittunder","gloss":"Värmland","note":"A Swedish province."},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Värmland","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"hemma","lemma":"hemma","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"at home"}]},{"number":20,"label":"7","id":"ch48-p7-s1","source":"»Det vill jag ge dig rätt i, om du bara säger Fryksdalen, där jag är hemma, i stället för Nordmarken,» inföll en av de andra.","translation":"\"I'll grant you that, if only you'll say Fryksdalen, where I'm from, instead of Nordmarken,\" put in one of the others.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of ge","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"vill","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ge","gloss":"want to"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ge","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"ge","lemma":"ge","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to give"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of ge","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"rätt","lemma":"rätt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of ge","gloss":"right"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Nordmarken","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of säger","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of säger","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"bara","lemma":"bara","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies säger","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"säger","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on ge","gloss":"says"},{"surface":"Fryksdalen","lemma":"fryksdal","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"direct object of säger","gloss":"Fryksdalen"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies är","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of är","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Fryksdalen","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"hemma","lemma":"hemma","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies är","gloss":"at home"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Nordmarken","gloss":"instead of"},{"surface":"stället","lemma":"ställe","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"part of the phrase i","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase i","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Nordmarken","lemma":"Nordmarken","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of säger","gloss":"Nordmarken"},{"surface":"inföll","lemma":"inföll","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with ge","gloss":"interjected"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of inföll","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking andra","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of andra","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"modifies en","gloss":"others"}]},{"number":21,"label":"","id":"ch48-p7-s2","source":"— »Jag är från Jösse härad,» sade en tredje, »och jag kan säga er, att där är det vackrare än både i Nordmarken och Fryksdalen.»","translation":"— \"I'm from Jösse parish,\" said a third, \"and I can tell you that it is more beautiful there than in either Nordmarken or Fryksdalen.\"","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of härad","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to härad","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"från","lemma":"från","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Jösse","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"Jösse","lemma":"Jösse","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of härad","gloss":"Jösse","note":"District (härad) name in Värmland."},{"surface":"härad","lemma":"härad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase —","gloss":"hundred (district)","note":"'Härad' is a historical Swedish administrative district, not an adjective; mistagged by the parser."},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with härad","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"tredje","lemma":"tre","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"part of the phrase en","gloss":"third","note":"Surface 'tredje' is the ordinal 'third', though lemma is tagged as the cardinal 'tre'."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of säga","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of säga","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"säga","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with sade","gloss":"to say"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"ni","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of säga","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vackrare","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vackrare","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to vackrare","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of vackrare","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"vackrare","lemma":"vackr","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"clausal complement of säga","gloss":"more beautiful"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Nordmarken","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"både","lemma":"både","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"both"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Nordmarken","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Nordmarken","lemma":"Nordmarken","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of vackrare","gloss":"Nordmarken"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Fryksdalen","lemma":"Fryksdalen","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with Nordmarken","gloss":"Fryksdalen"}]},{"number":22,"label":"8","id":"ch48-p8-s1","source":"Det visade sig nu, att alla sju karlarna voro från olika delar av Värmland, och att var och en ansåg, att hans hemtrakt både var vackrare och bättre än de andras.","translation":"It now turned out that all seven fellows were from different parts of Värmland, and that each one held that his own home district was both more beautiful and better than the others'.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with visade","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"visade","lemma":"visa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"showed"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of visade","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies visade","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of voro","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of karlarna","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"sju","lemma":"sju","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies karlarna","gloss":"seven"},{"surface":"karlarna","lemma":"karlarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of voro","gloss":"the men"},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"depends on visade","gloss":"were","note":"mistagged as a pronoun; this is the archaic plural past tense of vara 'to be'."},{"surface":"från","lemma":"från","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking delar","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"olika","lemma":"olik","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies delar","gloss":"different"},{"surface":"delar","lemma":"del","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies voro","gloss":"parts"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Värmland","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Värmland","lemma":"Värmland","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"modifies delar","gloss":"Värmland","note":"A Swedish province."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ansåg","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"var","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ansåg","gloss":"each","note":"\"var\" is both the interrogative/relative adverb \"where\" and the past tense of vara (\"was\"); the parser conflated the two under one type."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"part of the phrase var","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"ansåg","lemma":"anse","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with voro","gloss":"considered"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hemtrakt","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of hemtrakt","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"hemtrakt","lemma":"hemtrakt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clausal complement of ansåg","gloss":"home district"},{"surface":"både","lemma":"både","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"both"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"var","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to vackrare","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"vackrare","lemma":"vackr","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"adverbial clause on visade","gloss":"more beautiful"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bättre","lemma":"bra","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"coordinated with vackrare","gloss":"better"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of andras","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of andras","gloss":"the","note":"This type's own examples show 'de' used as the plain personal pronoun \"they\" (de voro ovanligt strävsamma = \"they were unusually...\") as often as the determiner \"the\" (de andra = \"the others\"); a fixed gloss of \"the\" mis-renders every pronoun occurrence."},{"surface":"andras","lemma":"andra","morphology":"pronoun","role":"adverbial clause on vackrare","gloss":"the others'"}]},{"number":23,"label":"","id":"ch48-p8-s2","source":"Det uppstod häftigt gräl om detta, och ingen var i stånd att övertyga de andra, att han hade rätt.","translation":"A heated quarrel arose over this, and no one was able to convince the others that he was right.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with uppstod","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"uppstod","lemma":"uppstå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"arose"},{"surface":"häftigt","lemma":"häftig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies gräl","gloss":"violent"},{"surface":"gräl","lemma":"gräl","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of uppstod","gloss":"quarrel"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking detta","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of uppstod","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of övertyga","gloss":"no one"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"copula linking to i","gloss":"was","note":"the surface var here is the past tense of vara 'to be', not the pronoun."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies övertyga","gloss":"able"},{"surface":"stånd","lemma":"stånd","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"part of the phrase i","gloss":"able"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of övertyga","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"övertyga","lemma":"övertyga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with uppstod","gloss":"convince"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of andra","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"direct object of övertyga","gloss":"others"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hade","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on övertyga","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"rätt","lemma":"rätt","morphology":"adverb","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"right"}]},{"number":24,"label":"","id":"ch48-p8-s3","source":"Det såg nästan ut, som om de skulle bli riktiga ovänner, då en gubbe med långt,","translation":"It looked almost as if they would become real enemies, when an old man with long,","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"gubbe","title":"«gubbe»","body":"«gubbe» is a familiar, slightly folksy word for an old man — 'old fellow', 'old codger'. It carries none of the formality of «gammal man» and is common in Lagerlöf's rural dialogue."}],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"såg","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"saw","note":"past tense of se, 'to see.'"},{"surface":"nästan","lemma":"nästan","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ut","gloss":"almost"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies såg","gloss":"look"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of bli","gloss":"as","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of bli","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of bli","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of bli","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"bli","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on såg","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"riktiga","lemma":"riktig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies ovänner","gloss":"real"},{"surface":"ovänner","lemma":"ovänn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"complement of bli","gloss":"enemies"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bli","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of gubbe","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gubbe","lemma":"gubbe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase då","gloss":"old man"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking långt","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"långt","lemma":"långt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies gubbe","gloss":"long","note":"Both examples ('for fram ett långt stycke' = 'sped along a long stretch', 'tog ett långt hopp' = 'took a long leap') mean 'long' (length), not 'far' (distance)."}]},{"number":25,"label":"9","id":"ch48-p9-s1","source":"svart hår och små, plirande ögon kom gående förbi.","translation":"black hair and small, blinking eyes came walking by.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"svart","lemma":"svar","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies hår","gloss":"black","note":"The lemma should be svart (\"black\"); the parser mistagged the surface \"svart\" under the noun svar (\"answer\")."},{"surface":"hår","lemma":"hår","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"hair"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"små","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies ögon","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"plirande","lemma":"plira","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies ögon","gloss":"squinting"},{"surface":"ögon","lemma":"ögon","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"coordinated with hår","gloss":"eyes"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"gående","lemma":"gå","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"walking","note":"Present participle gående used adjectivally/adverbially."},{"surface":"förbi","lemma":"förbi","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"past"}]},{"number":26,"label":"","id":"ch48-p9-s2","source":"»Vad är det ni tvistar om, karlar?» sade han.","translation":"\"What is it you're arguing about, men?\" he said.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vad","lemma":"vad","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Vad","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with Vad","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"ni","lemma":"ni","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tvistar","gloss":"you","note":"second-person plural/formal pronoun, tagged singular by the parser."},{"surface":"tvistar","lemma":"tvista","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"subject of Vad","gloss":"are arguing"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of karlar","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"karlar","lemma":"karla","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies tvistar","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"he"}]},{"number":27,"label":"","id":"ch48-p9-s3","source":"»Ni skriker, så det hörs över hela skogen.»","translation":"\"You're shouting so it can be heard all through the forest.\"","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ni","lemma":"ni","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of skriker","gloss":"you","note":"second-person plural/formal pronoun, tagged singular by the parser."},{"surface":"skriker","lemma":"skrika","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to »","gloss":"are shouting"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hörs","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of passive hörs","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"hörs","lemma":"höra","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"adverbial clause on skriker","gloss":"can be heard"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skogen","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"hela","lemma":"hel","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies skogen","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"skogen","lemma":"skog","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of hörs","gloss":"forest"}]},{"number":28,"label":"10","id":"ch48-p10-s1","source":"En av värmlänningarna vände sig hastigt mot den nykomne.","translation":"One of the Värmland men turned quickly toward the newcomer.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"En","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vände","gloss":"one","note":"Surfaces are only \"en\"/\"En\" used as a counting pronoun (\"en av dem\" = \"one of them\"), not the indefinite generic pronoun man/en (\"one does X\"). Lemma is mistagged as man; it should be en (numeral pronoun \"one\"). Gloss \"one\" happens to still be correct."},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking värmlänningarna","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"värmlänningarna","lemma":"värmlänningarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies En","gloss":"the Värmland men"},{"surface":"vände","lemma":"väna","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"turned","note":"Past tense of vända (to turn); lemma should read vända."},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of vände","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"hastigt","lemma":"hastig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vände","gloss":"quickly"},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nykomne","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of nykomne","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"nykomne","lemma":"nykomne","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of vände","gloss":"newcomer"}]},{"number":29,"label":"","id":"ch48-p10-s2","source":"»Du är väl en finne, efter du vandrar omkring så här långt oppe i skogen?»","translation":"\"You must be a Finn, since you go wandering about so far up here in the forest?\"","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"finne","title":"Finnish settlers in the forest","body":"«finne» here refers to one of the Forest Finns («skogsfinnar»), Finnish-speaking settlers who cleared land by burn-beating («svedjebruk») in the deep forests of Värmland and Dalarna from the 1600s on. Their presence explains the chimneyless cabins and burned clearings («svedjefall») mentioned earlier in the chapter."}],"words":[{"surface":"Du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of finne","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to finne","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"väl","lemma":"väl","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies finne","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of finne","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"finne","lemma":"finne","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"a Finn"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of vandrar","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vandrar","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"vandrar","lemma":"vandra","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on finne","gloss":"wanders"},{"surface":"omkring","lemma":"omkring","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies oppe","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase omkring","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase så","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"långt","lemma":"långt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies oppe","gloss":"far"},{"surface":"oppe","lemma":"oppe","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of vandrar","gloss":"up there","note":"Colloquial adverb 'oppe' (dialectal for 'uppe'), mistagged here as a noun."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skogen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"skogen","lemma":"skog","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies oppe","gloss":"forest"}]},{"number":30,"label":"","id":"ch48-p10-s3","source":"— »Jo, jag är väl det,» sade gubben.","translation":"— \"Well, I suppose I am,\" said the old man.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jo","lemma":"jo","morphology":"interjection","role":"depends on det","gloss":"well/yes","note":"used to affirm or answer a question, often contradicting an implied doubt."},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of det","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to det","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"väl","lemma":"väl","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies det","gloss":"suppose"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to det","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"gubben","lemma":"gubb","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"old man"}]},{"number":31,"label":"","id":"ch48-p10-s4","source":"— »Det var riktigt bra,» sade karlen.","translation":"— \"That's just as well,\" said the fellow.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of bra","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to bra","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"riktigt","lemma":"riktig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bra","gloss":"truly"},{"surface":"bra","lemma":"bra","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"just as well"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to bra","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"karlen","lemma":"karl","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"man"}]},{"number":32,"label":"","id":"ch48-p10-s5","source":"»Jag har alltid hört, att ni finnar skulle ha mera förstånd än annat folk.»","translation":"\"I've always heard that you Finns have more sense than other folk.\"","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hört","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of hört","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"alltid","lemma":"alltid","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hört","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"hört","lemma":"höra","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ha","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ni","lemma":"ni","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ha","gloss":"you","note":"second-person plural/formal pronoun, tagged singular by the parser."},{"surface":"finnar","lemma":"finna","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on ha","gloss":"finds"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ha","gloss":"were said to"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of hört","gloss":"to have"},{"surface":"mera","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"modifies förstånd","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"förstånd","lemma":"förstånd","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of ha","gloss":"sense","note":"understanding/good sense, not the false-friend 'understanding' alone."},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of folk","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"annat","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies folk","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"folk","lemma":"folk","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"clause modifying förstånd","gloss":"people"}]},{"number":33,"label":"","id":"ch48-p10-s6","source":"— »Gott rykte är bättre än guld,» erkände finngubben.","translation":"— \"A good name is better than gold,\" the old Finn admitted.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Gott rykte är bättre än guld","title":"A folk proverb","body":"'A good name is better than gold' — a traditional saying the old Finn quotes to accept the compliment humbly. Lagerlöf often has her folk characters speak in proverbs to mark them as carriers of traditional wisdom."}],"words":[{"surface":"Gott","lemma":"gott","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of bättre","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"rykte","lemma":"rykte","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies Gott","gloss":"reputation"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to bättre","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"bättre","lemma":"bra","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"better"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"preposition marking guld","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"guld","lemma":"guld","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with bättre","gloss":"gold"},{"surface":"erkände","lemma":"erkände","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to bättre","gloss":"admitted"},{"surface":"finngubben","lemma":"finngubb","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of erkände","gloss":"the old Finn"}]},{"number":34,"label":"","id":"ch48-p10-s7","source":"— »Vi sitter här och grälar om vilken del av Värmland som är den yppersta.","translation":"— \"We're sitting here quarreling about which part of Värmland is the finest.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of sitter","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"sitter","lemma":"sitta","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sits"},{"surface":"här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sitter","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"grälar","lemma":"gräla","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with sitter","gloss":"are quarreling"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking del","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"vilken","lemma":"vilken","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of del","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"del","lemma":"del","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of grälar","gloss":"part"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Värmland","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Värmland","lemma":"Värmland","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"modifies del","gloss":"Värmland","note":"A Swedish province."},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of yppersta","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to yppersta","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of yppersta","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"yppersta","lemma":"ypperset","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"relative clause on del","gloss":"finest"}]},{"number":35,"label":"","id":"ch48-p10-s8","source":"Jag undrar om du ville åta dig att slita tvisten, så att vi slipper att bli osams för den här sakens skull?»","translation":"I wonder if you'd be willing to settle the dispute for us, so we don't fall out over the matter?\"","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of undrar","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"undrar","lemma":"undra","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"wonders"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of åta","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of åta","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"ville","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of åta","gloss":"wanted to"},{"surface":"åta","lemma":"åta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of undrar","gloss":"undertake"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"indirect object of åta","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of slita","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"slita","lemma":"slita","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on åta","gloss":"to tear"},{"surface":"tvisten","lemma":"tvist","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of slita","gloss":"the dispute"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of slipper","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase så","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of slipper","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"slipper","lemma":"slippa","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on slita","gloss":"doesn't have to","note":"'Slippa' = be spared from / not have to."},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of bli","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"bli","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of slipper","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"osams","lemma":"osams","morphology":"verb, past, participle, common gender, singular, nominative","role":"complement of bli","gloss":"at odds"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sakens","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of sakens","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase den","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"sakens","lemma":"sak","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of bli","gloss":"matter's","note":"Used chiefly in the fixed phrase 'för ... sakens skull', meaning 'for the sake of that matter'."},{"surface":"skull","lemma":"skull","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"depends on sakens","gloss":"sake","note":"only occurs in the fixed phrase för ... skull 'for the sake of'."}]},{"number":36,"label":"","id":"ch48-p10-s9","source":"— »Jag ska döma, så gott jag förstår,» sade finngubben.","translation":"— \"I'll judge it as best I can,\" said the old Finn.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of döma","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"ska","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of döma","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"döma","lemma":"döma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on förstår","gloss":"to judge"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies jag","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"gott","lemma":"god","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase så","gloss":"best"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of förstår","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"förstår","lemma":"förstå","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"understand(s)"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with förstår","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"finngubben","lemma":"finngubb","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"the old Finn"}]},{"number":37,"label":"","id":"ch48-p10-s10","source":"»Men ni får ha tålamod med mig, för jag måste först berätta er en gammal historia.»","translation":"\"But you'll have to be patient with me, for I must first tell you an old story.\"","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ni","lemma":"ni","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ha","gloss":"you","note":"second-person plural/formal pronoun, tagged singular by the parser."},{"surface":"får","lemma":"få","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ha","gloss":"have to"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to have"},{"surface":"tålamod","lemma":"tålamod","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of ha","gloss":"patience"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mig","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"mig","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ha","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking jag","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of berätta","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"måste","lemma":"måste","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of berätta","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"först","lemma":"först","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies berätta","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"berätta","lemma":"berätta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with ha","gloss":"to tell"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"ni","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, plural","role":"indirect object of berätta","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of historia","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gammal","lemma":"gammal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies historia","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"historia","lemma":"historia","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of berätta","gloss":"story"}]},{"number":38,"label":"11","id":"ch48-p11-s1","source":"»Det var en gång så,» sade finnen och slog sig med detsamma ner på en sten, »att landet, som låg norr om Vänern, såg alldeles anskrämligt ut.","translation":"\"Once upon a time,\" said the Finn, seating himself at once upon a stone, \"the land that lay north of Lake Vänern looked altogether wretched.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"»...«","title":"Nested quotation marks","body":"The Finn's tale is framed inside the outer guillemets «» that open here and will not close until the very end of the story (paragraph 29); inside it, direct speech from the story's characters is marked with single curly quotes ‘...’. This nesting lets Lagerlöf frame a folktale-within-the-chapter."}],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of gång","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to gång","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of gång","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gång","lemma":"gång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"once"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gång","gloss":"once upon a time"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to gång","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"finnen","lemma":"finn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"the Finn"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"slog","lemma":"slå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with sade","gloss":"sat down","note":"Light verb whose sense shifts with its particle (slog upp/ihop/omkull/sig ner)."},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of slog","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking detsamma","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"detsamma","lemma":"densamma","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of slog","gloss":"the same"},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on slog","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sten","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of sten","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"sten","lemma":"sten","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of slog","gloss":"stone"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of såg","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"landet","lemma":"land","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"land"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of låg","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"låg","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"relative clause on landet","gloss":"lay","note":"mistagged as adjective; the surface 'låg' here is the past tense of ligga 'to lie', not the unrelated adjective låg 'low'."},{"surface":"norr","lemma":"norr","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"depends on låg","gloss":"north"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Vänern","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Vänern","lemma":"Vänern","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of låg","gloss":"Lake Vänern"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"såg","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of sade","gloss":"saw","note":"past tense of se, 'to see.'"},{"surface":"alldeles","lemma":"alldeles","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies anskrämligt","gloss":"quite"},{"surface":"anskrämligt","lemma":"anskrämlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"complement of såg","gloss":"wretched"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on såg","gloss":"look"}]},{"number":39,"label":"","id":"ch48-p11-s2","source":"Det var så fullt av kala berg och branta kullar, att det var omöjligt att bo och leva där.","translation":"It was so full of bare mountains and steep hills that it was impossible to live and dwell there.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of fullt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to fullt","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fullt","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"fullt","lemma":"full","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"full","note":"Adverbial use of full/fullt, e.g. 'fullt så' = 'quite as'."},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking berg","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"kala","lemma":"kal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies berg","gloss":"bare"},{"surface":"berg","lemma":"berg","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of fullt","gloss":"mountains"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"branta","lemma":"brant","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies kullar","gloss":"steep"},{"surface":"kullar","lemma":"kull","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with fullt","gloss":"hills"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of omöjligt","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with omöjligt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to omöjligt","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"omöjligt","lemma":"omöjlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"clause modifying kullar","gloss":"impossible"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of bo","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"bo","lemma":"bo","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on omöjligt","gloss":"to live","note":"\"To dwell/live\"; not to be confused with bo, \"nest\"."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"leva","lemma":"leva","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with bo","gloss":"to live"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies leva","gloss":"there"}]},{"number":40,"label":"","id":"ch48-p11-s3","source":"Vägar kunde inte banas och åkrar inte röjas.","translation":"Roads could not be built and fields could not be cleared.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vägar","lemma":"Väg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of passive banas","gloss":"roads"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of banas","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies banas","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"banas","lemma":"bana","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"be built"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"åkrar","lemma":"åkra","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with banas","gloss":"fields","note":"Plural noun 'åkrar' (fields); mistagged as a verb."},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies röjas","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"röjas","lemma":"röja","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"complement of åkrar","gloss":"to be cleared"}]},{"number":41,"label":"","id":"ch48-p11-s4","source":"Men landet, som låg söder om Vänern, var gott och lättbrukat då för tiden, som det är än i dag.","translation":"But the land that lay south of Vänern was good and easily worked then, as it is to this day.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"landet","lemma":"land","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"land"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of låg","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"låg","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on landet","gloss":"lay"},{"surface":"söder","lemma":"söder","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies låg","gloss":"south"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Vänern","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Vänern","lemma":"Vänern","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of låg","gloss":"Lake Vänern"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to landet","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"gott","lemma":"god","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies var","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lättbrukat","lemma":"lättbruka","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with var","gloss":"easily worked"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies var","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tiden","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"tiden","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of var","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of är","gloss":"as","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of är","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on var","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of i","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies är","gloss":"today"},{"surface":"dag","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase i","gloss":"day"}]},{"number":42,"label":"12","id":"ch48-p12-s1","source":"Nu hände det sig, att det fanns en storkarl där i söder, som ägde sju söner.","translation":"Now it happened that there was a great man there in the south who had seven sons.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hände","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"hände","lemma":"hä","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"happened","note":"Past tense of 'hända' (to happen); mistagged and truncated as an adjective lemma 'hä'."},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with hände","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"oblique complement of hände","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fanns","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with fanns","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"fanns","lemma":"finnas","morphology":"verb, past, indicative","role":"adverbial clause on hände","gloss":"there was","note":"existential verb; fanns = 'there was/were, existed.'"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of storkarl","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"storkarl","lemma":"storkarl","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fanns","gloss":"great man"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ägde","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies där","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"söder","lemma":"söder","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase i","gloss":"south"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of ägde","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"ägde","lemma":"ägde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on storkarl","gloss":"owned"},{"surface":"sju","lemma":"sju","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies söner","gloss":"seven"},{"surface":"söner","lemma":"sön","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of ägde","gloss":"sons"}]},{"number":43,"label":"","id":"ch48-p12-s2","source":"Alla sönerna var raska och starka karlar, men de hade ett stolt sinnelag, och det rådde ofta ofrid mellan dem, därför att var och en ville räknas för mer än de övriga.","translation":"All the sons were sturdy, strong fellows, but they had a proud temper, and there was often discord among them, because each wanted to be reckoned better than the rest.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of sönerna","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"sönerna","lemma":"sön","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of karlar","gloss":"sons"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to karlar","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"raska","lemma":"rask","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies karlar","gloss":"sturdy","note":"ch19-p48-s4 'ett par raska snitt' = 'a couple of quick strokes' — 'sturdy' is wrong there; the word covers both 'brisk/quick' and 'sturdy/vigorous' senses depending on referent."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"starka","lemma":"stark","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with raska","gloss":"strong"},{"surface":"karlar","lemma":"karl","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with karlar","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of sinnelag","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stolt","lemma":"stolt","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies sinnelag","gloss":"proud","note":"Functions as adjective 'proud' in all examples, despite the noun tag."},{"surface":"sinnelag","lemma":"sinnelag","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"nature"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of rådde","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"rådde","lemma":"rå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with karlar","gloss":"there was"},{"surface":"ofta","lemma":"ofta","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies rådde","gloss":"often"},{"surface":"ofrid","lemma":"ofrid","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of rådde","gloss":"discord"},{"surface":"mellan","lemma":"mellan","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"between"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"oblique complement of rådde","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"därför","lemma":"därför","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of räknas","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase därför","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"var","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of passive räknas","gloss":"each","note":"\"var\" is both the interrogative/relative adverb \"where\" and the past tense of vara (\"was\"); the parser conflated the two under one type."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"part of the phrase var","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase var","gloss":"one","note":"Surfaces are only \"en\"/\"En\" used as a counting pronoun (\"en av dem\" = \"one of them\"), not the indefinite generic pronoun man/en (\"one does X\"). Lemma is mistagged as man; it should be en (numeral pronoun \"one\"). Gloss \"one\" happens to still be correct."},{"surface":"ville","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of räknas","gloss":"wanted to"},{"surface":"räknas","lemma":"räkna","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on rådde","gloss":"be reckoned"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mer","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"mer","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies övriga","gloss":"better"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase mer","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of övriga","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"övriga","lemma":"övrig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"complement of räknas","gloss":"the others"}]},{"number":44,"label":"13","id":"ch48-p13-s1","source":"Fadern tyckte inte om det ständiga kivet, och för att få slut på det kallade han en dag sönerna till sig och frågade dem om de ville gå in på att han fick sätta dem på prov för att utröna vilken av dem som var den förnämste.","translation":"The father did not like the constant strife, and to put an end to it he one day called his sons to him and asked them whether they would agree to his putting them to the test, to find out which of them was the finest.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"förnämste","title":"«förnämst» — finest, most eminent","body":"«den förnämste» (superlative of «förnäm») means 'the finest / most distinguished one'. It's the word the father uses for the contest, and the sons' quarrel over whose home region is «förnämst» later frames the whole legend."}],"words":[{"surface":"Fadern","lemma":"Fadern","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tyckte","gloss":"the father"},{"surface":"tyckte","lemma":"tycka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies tyckte","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on tyckte","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of kivet","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ständiga","lemma":"ständig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies kivet","gloss":"constant"},{"surface":"kivet","lemma":"kiv","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of tyckte","gloss":"the strife"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of få","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of få","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"få","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with tyckte","gloss":"put an end to"},{"surface":"slut","lemma":"slut","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of få","gloss":"end"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking kallade","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of kallade","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"kallade","lemma":"kalla","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies få","gloss":"called","note":"Mistagged as an adjective; 'kallade' here is the past tense of the verb 'kalla' (to call, name)."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kallade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of dag","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"dag","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase få","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"sönerna","lemma":"sön","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies få","gloss":"sons"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sig","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"oblique complement of få","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"frågade","lemma":"fråga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with få","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of frågade","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gå","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of gå","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"ville","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gå","gloss":"wanted to"},{"surface":"gå","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on frågade","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gå","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of sätta","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sätta","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sätta","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"fick","lemma":"få","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of sätta","gloss":"was allowed to"},{"surface":"sätta","lemma":"sätta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on gå","gloss":"to set/put"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of sätta","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking prov","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"prov","lemma":"prov","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of sätta","gloss":"test"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of utröna","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of utröna","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"utröna","lemma":"utröna","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"adverbial clause on sätta","gloss":"to find out"},{"surface":"vilken","lemma":"vilken","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"depends on förnämste","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"modifies vilken","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of förnämste","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to förnämste","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of förnämste","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"förnämste","lemma":"förnämste","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"complement of utröna","gloss":"finest"}]},{"number":45,"label":"14","id":"ch48-p14-s1","source":"Jo, det ville sönerna visst.","translation":"Yes, the sons certainly wanted that.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jo","lemma":"jo","morphology":"interjection","role":"depends on visst","gloss":"well/yes","note":"used to affirm or answer a question, often contradicting an implied doubt."},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of visst","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"ville","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of visst","gloss":"wanted to"},{"surface":"sönerna","lemma":"sön","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of visst","gloss":"sons"},{"surface":"visst","lemma":"viss","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"certainly","note":"surface visst here is the adverb 'certainly/surely', not the adjective viss 'certain'."}]},{"number":46,"label":"","id":"ch48-p14-s2","source":"De önskade ingenting högre.","translation":"They desired nothing better.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"en","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of önskade","gloss":"they","note":"surfaces are actually the plural pronoun de, not a form of en."},{"surface":"önskade","lemma":"önska","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"wished"},{"surface":"ingenting","lemma":"ingenting","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of önskade","gloss":"nothing"},{"surface":"högre","lemma":"hög","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"modifies önskade","gloss":"higher"}]},{"number":47,"label":"15","id":"ch48-p15-s1","source":"’Då ska vi ställa på detta viset,’ sade fadern.","translation":"'Then we shall arrange it this way,' said the father.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ställa","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"ska","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ställa","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of ställa","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"ställa","lemma":"ställa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to arrange"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking viset","gloss":"this way"},{"surface":"detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of viset","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"viset","lemma":"vis","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of ställa","gloss":"way","note":"In the phrase på det viset (\"in that way\"); distinct from the homograph adjective vis (\"wise\")."},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on viset","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"fadern","lemma":"fader","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"the father"}]},{"number":48,"label":"","id":"ch48-p15-s2","source":"’Ni vet, att norr om den här lilltjärnen, som vi kallar Vänern, har vi en utmark, som är så full av tuvor och småsten, att vi inte har någon nytta av den.","translation":"'You know that north of this little tarn we call Vänern, we have a waste tract so full of tussocks and small stones that we get no use from it.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ni","lemma":"ni","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vet","gloss":"you","note":"second-person plural/formal pronoun, tagged singular by the parser."},{"surface":"vet","lemma":"veta","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on har","gloss":"knows"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of norr","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"norr","lemma":"norr","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clausal complement of vet","gloss":"north"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lilltjärnen","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of lilltjärnen","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase den","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"lilltjärnen","lemma":"lilltjärn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies norr","gloss":"the little tarn"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"oblique complement of kallar","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of kallar","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"kallar","lemma":"kalla","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on norr","gloss":"calls"},{"surface":"Vänern","lemma":"väner","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"direct object of kallar","gloss":"Vänern","note":"Lake Vänern, Sweden's largest lake."},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of har","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of utmark","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"utmark","lemma":"utmark","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"waste tract"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of full","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to full","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies full","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"full","lemma":"full","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"relative clause on utmark","gloss":"full"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tuvor","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"tuvor","lemma":"tuvor","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of full","gloss":"tussocks"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"småsten","lemma":"småst","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with tuvor","gloss":"small stones"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of har","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of har","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies har","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of har","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"någon","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of nytta","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"nytta","lemma":"nytta","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"use"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking den","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of har","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":49,"label":"","id":"ch48-p15-s3","source":"I morgon ska ni ta var sin plog och fara dit och plöja så mycket, som ni kan hinna med på en dag.","translation":"Tomorrow each of you shall take a plow and go there and plow as much as you can manage in a day.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"I","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies ta","gloss":"tomorrow"},{"surface":"morgon","lemma":"morgon","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase I","gloss":"morning"},{"surface":"ska","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ta","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"ni","lemma":"ni","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ta","gloss":"you","note":"second-person plural/formal pronoun, tagged singular by the parser."},{"surface":"ta","lemma":"ta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to take"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of plog","gloss":"was","note":"mistagged as a determiner; the surface 'var' here is the past tense of vara 'to be'."},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of plog","gloss":"own"},{"surface":"plog","lemma":"plog","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of ta","gloss":"plow"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fara","lemma":"fara","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with plog","gloss":"go","note":"some listed surfaces (fara, far) are actually forms of the unrelated verb fara 'to travel/go'; gloss the noun sense danger for the noun-tagged type."},{"surface":"dit","lemma":"dit","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fara","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"plöja","lemma":"plöja","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with plog","gloss":"to plow"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies mycket","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"mycket","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with plog","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of hinna","gloss":"as","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"ni","lemma":"ni","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hinna","gloss":"you","note":"second-person plural/formal pronoun, tagged singular by the parser."},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of hinna","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"hinna","lemma":"hinna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"relative clause on plog","gloss":"to have time to"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on hinna","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dag","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of dag","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"dag","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of hinna","gloss":"day"}]},{"number":50,"label":"","id":"ch48-p15-s4","source":"När det blir kväll, ska jag komma och titta efter vem av er som har gjort det bästa arbetet.’","translation":"When evening comes, I shall come and see which of you has done the best work.'","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"När","lemma":"när","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of blir","gloss":"when","note":"Functions as a subordinating conjunction, not an adverb."},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with blir","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"blir","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on komma","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"kväll","lemma":"kväll","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blir","gloss":"evening"},{"surface":"ska","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of komma","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of komma","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"komma","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"titta","lemma":"titta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with komma","gloss":"to look"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of gjort","gloss":"check"},{"surface":"vem","lemma":"vem","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of er","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase vem","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"ni","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"depends on gjort","gloss":"you","note":"Object form er of the plural/formal pronoun ni."},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of gjort","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gjort","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"gjort","lemma":"göra","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on titta","gloss":"done"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of arbetet","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"bästa","lemma":"bra","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"modifies arbetet","gloss":"best"},{"surface":"arbetet","lemma":"arbete","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gjort","gloss":"work"}]},{"number":51,"label":"16","id":"ch48-p16-s1","source":"Solen hade inte förr kommit opp nästa morgon, än de sju bröderna stod färdiga med hästar och plogar.","translation":"The sun had scarcely come up the next morning before the seven brothers stood ready with horses and plows.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Solen","lemma":"sol","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kommit","gloss":"sun"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of kommit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies kommit","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"förr","lemma":"förr","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kommit","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"kommit","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"opp","lemma":"opp","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"depends on kommit","gloss":"up","note":"mistagged as a verb; this is the dialectal/colloquial adverb opp, a variant of upp 'up'."},{"surface":"nästa","lemma":"nästa","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies morgon","gloss":"next"},{"surface":"morgon","lemma":"morgon","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of opp","gloss":"morning"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of stod","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of bröderna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"sju","lemma":"sju","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies bröderna","gloss":"seven"},{"surface":"bröderna","lemma":"bröd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of stod","gloss":"brothers","note":"Lemma listed as 'bröd' (bread) but the surfaces 'bröder'/'bröderna' are the plural of 'broder' (brother); glossed by actual meaning."},{"surface":"stod","lemma":"stå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on kommit","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"färdiga","lemma":"färdig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"depends on stod","gloss":"ready"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hästar","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"hästar","lemma":"häst","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of stod","gloss":"horses"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"plogar","lemma":"plog","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with hästar","gloss":"plows"}]},{"number":52,"label":"","id":"ch48-p16-s2","source":"Det var grant att se dem, när de körde ut till arbetet.","translation":"It was a fine sight to see them as they drove out to work.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with grant","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to grant","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"grant","lemma":"grant","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"fine/splendid"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on grant","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of se","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of körde","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of körde","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"körde","lemma":"köra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on grant","gloss":"drove"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies körde","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking arbetet","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"arbetet","lemma":"arbete","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of körde","gloss":"work"}]},{"number":53,"label":"","id":"ch48-p16-s3","source":"Hästarna var ryktade, så att det glänste av dem, plogbladen blänkte, och plogbillen var nyslipad.","translation":"The horses were groomed till they shone, the plowshares gleamed, and the plow-blade was freshly sharpened.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hästarna","lemma":"Hästarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of ryktade","gloss":"the horses"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to ryktade","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"ryktade","lemma":"rykta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"groomed"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of glänste","gloss":"till"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase så","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of glänste","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"glänste","lemma":"glänste","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"adverbial clause on ryktade","gloss":"shone"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"oblique complement of glänste","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"plogbladen","lemma":"plogblad","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blänkte","gloss":"the plow blades"},{"surface":"blänkte","lemma":"blänka","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"in apposition to glänste","gloss":"gleamed"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"plogbillen","lemma":"plogbill","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of nyslipad","gloss":"plow-blade"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to nyslipad","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"nyslipad","lemma":"nyslipad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with ryktade","gloss":"freshly sharpened"}]},{"number":54,"label":"","id":"ch48-p16-s4","source":"De for av som i sken, ända tills de kom ner till Vänern.","translation":"They set off as if in a blaze, all the way until they came down to Vänern.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"for","lemma":"for","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase De","gloss":"went","note":"Mistagged as adverb; this is the past tense of the verb 'fara', meaning 'went/traveled'."},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase for","gloss":"off"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"introduces the clause of sken","gloss":"as","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sken","gloss":"in a blaze"},{"surface":"sken","lemma":"sk","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"modifies De","gloss":"bolting","note":"The parser conflates the noun 'sken' ('light' or runaway motion) with the past tense 'sken' ('shone')."},{"surface":"ända","lemma":"ända","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"all the way"},{"surface":"tills","lemma":"tills","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kom","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on De","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kom","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Vänern","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Vänern","lemma":"Vänern","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of kom","gloss":"Lake Vänern"}]},{"number":55,"label":"","id":"ch48-p16-s5","source":"Då vek ett par av dem åt sidan, men den äldste körde rätt på.","translation":"Then a couple of them turned aside, but the eldest drove straight on.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vek","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"vek","lemma":"vek","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"turned off"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of par","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"par","lemma":"par","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of vek","gloss":"couple"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"modifies par","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"åt","lemma":"åt","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies par","gloss":"aside"},{"surface":"sidan","lemma":"sida","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase åt","gloss":"aside"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of äldste","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"äldste","lemma":"äldste","morphology":"adjective, nominative, masculine, singular, superlative","role":"subject of körde","gloss":"the eldest"},{"surface":"körde","lemma":"köra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with vek","gloss":"drove"},{"surface":"rätt","lemma":"rätt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of körde","gloss":"right"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking körde","gloss":"straight on"}]},{"number":56,"label":"","id":"ch48-p16-s6","source":"’Inte är jag rädd för en sådan här liten vattenpuss,’ sade han om Vänern.","translation":"'I'm not afraid of a little puddle of water like this,' he said of Vänern.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies rädd","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to rädd","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of rädd","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"rädd","lemma":"rädd","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"afraid"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vattenpuss","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of vattenpuss","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"sådan","lemma":"sån","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies vattenpuss","gloss":"such","note":"sån is a colloquial/older form of sådan, glossed to the modern sense."},{"surface":"här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase sådan","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"liten","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies vattenpuss","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"vattenpuss","lemma":"vattenpuss","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of rädd","gloss":"puddle"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with rädd","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Vänern","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Vänern","lemma":"väner","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of sade","gloss":"Vänern","note":"Lake Vänern, Sweden's largest lake."}]},{"number":57,"label":"17","id":"ch48-p17-s1","source":"När de andra såg, att han var så modig, ville de inte visa sig sämre.","translation":"When the others saw how bold he was, they did not want to show themselves less brave.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"När","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of såg","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"they","note":"surfaces are actually the plural pronoun de, not a form of en."},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"others"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"saw"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of modig","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of modig","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to modig","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies modig","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"modig","lemma":"modig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clausal complement of såg","gloss":"brave"},{"surface":"ville","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of visa","gloss":"wanted to"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of visa","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies visa","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"visa","lemma":"visa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with modig","gloss":"to show"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of visa","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"sämre","lemma":"dålig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies visa","gloss":"less brave"}]},{"number":58,"label":"","id":"ch48-p17-s2","source":"De ställde sig på plogarna och drev hästarna ut i vattnet.","translation":"They took their stand on the plows and drove the horses out into the water.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of ställde","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"ställde","lemma":"ställa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"took their stand"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of ställde","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking plogarna","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"plogarna","lemma":"plogare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of ställde","gloss":"the plows"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"drev","lemma":"dreva","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with ställde","gloss":"drove"},{"surface":"hästarna","lemma":"häst","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of drev","gloss":"horses"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies drev","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vattnet","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"vattnet","lemma":"vatten","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of ut","gloss":"water"}]},{"number":59,"label":"","id":"ch48-p17-s3","source":"Det var stora hästar, och det dröjde en god stund, innan de förlorade fotfästet och måste simma.","translation":"They were big horses, and it was quite a while before they lost their footing and had to swim.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of hästar","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to hästar","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"stora","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies hästar","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"hästar","lemma":"häst","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"horses"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with dröjde","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"dröjde","lemma":"dröjde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"delayed"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of stund","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"god","lemma":"god","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies stund","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"stund","lemma":"stund","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of dröjde","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"innan","lemma":"innan","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of förlorade","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of förlorade","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"förlorade","lemma":"förlora","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on dröjde","gloss":"lost"},{"surface":"fotfästet","lemma":"fotfäst","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of förlorade","gloss":"the footing"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"måste","lemma":"måste","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of simma","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"simma","lemma":"simma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with förlorade","gloss":"swim"}]},{"number":60,"label":"","id":"ch48-p17-s4","source":"Plogarna flöt på vattnet, men det var ingen lätt sak att hålla sig kvar på dem.","translation":"The plows floated on the water, but it was no easy matter to stay on them.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Plogarna","lemma":"Plogarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of flöt","gloss":"the plows"},{"surface":"flöt","lemma":"flöt","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"flowed","note":"past tense of flyta ('to flow/float'); also 'floated'."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vattnet","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"vattnet","lemma":"vatten","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of flöt","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of sak","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to sak","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of sak","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"lätt","lemma":"lätt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies sak","gloss":"easy"},{"surface":"sak","lemma":"sak","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with flöt","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of hålla","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"hålla","lemma":"hålla","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clause modifying sak","gloss":"to stay on"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of hålla","gloss":"oneself"},{"surface":"kvar","lemma":"kvar","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on hålla","gloss":"still there"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"oblique complement of hålla","gloss":"them"}]},{"number":61,"label":"","id":"ch48-p17-s5","source":"Ett par av sönerna låg i släp efter plogen, och ett par måste vada, men alla kom över och tog genast itu med att plöja opp utmarken, som inte var något annat än den landsträckan, som sedan har blivit kallad Värmland och Dal.","translation":"A couple of the sons were dragged along behind the plow, and a couple had to wade, but all got across and set right to work plowing up the waste tract, which was nothing other than the stretch of land that has since been called Värmland and Dal.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of par","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"par","lemma":"par","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of låg","gloss":"couple"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sönerna","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"sönerna","lemma":"sön","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies par","gloss":"sons"},{"surface":"låg","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"lay"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking släp","gloss":"in tow"},{"surface":"släp","lemma":"släp","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of låg","gloss":"dragged along"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking plogen","gloss":"behind"},{"surface":"plogen","lemma":"plog","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of låg","gloss":"plow"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of par","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"par","lemma":"par","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of vada","gloss":"couple"},{"surface":"måste","lemma":"måste","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of vada","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"vada","lemma":"vada","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with låg","gloss":"wade"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with låg","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kom","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tog","lemma":"tog","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with kom","gloss":"took"},{"surface":"genast","lemma":"genast","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tog","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"itu","lemma":"itu","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on tog","gloss":"to work"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of plöja","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of plöja","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"plöja","lemma":"plöja","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on tog","gloss":"to plow"},{"surface":"opp","lemma":"oppa","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"depends on plöja","gloss":"up","note":"Dialectal form of upp (\"up\"), a particle, not a finite verb; the parser mistagged it."},{"surface":"utmarken","lemma":"utmark","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of plöja","gloss":"waste tract"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of annat","gloss":"which","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies annat","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to annat","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"något","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of annat","gloss":"anything"},{"surface":"annat","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"relative clause on utmarken","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of landsträckan","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of landsträckan","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"landsträckan","lemma":"landsträcka","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clause modifying annat","gloss":"the stretch of land"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of blivit","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"sedan","lemma":"sedan","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies blivit","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of blivit","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"blivit","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"relative clause on landsträckan","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"kallad","lemma":"kalla","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"called","note":"past participle of kalla ('to call/name'); mistagged as adjective."},{"surface":"Värmland","lemma":"Värmland","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"direct object of blivit","gloss":"Värmland","note":"A Swedish province."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Dal","lemma":"Dal","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with Värmland","gloss":"Dal"}]},{"number":62,"label":"","id":"ch48-p17-s6","source":"Den äldste skulle plöja mittfåran, de två näst äldsta ställde sig på ömse sidor om honom, de två, som var närmast dem i ålder, tog plats bortom dem, och de två yngsta plöjde var sin fåra, den ene vid västra kanten av utmarken och den andre vid den östra.","translation":"The eldest was to plow the middle furrow, the two next oldest took their places on either side of him, the two nearest them in age took their places beyond them, and the two youngest each plowed their own furrow, one at the western edge of the waste tract and the other at the eastern.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of äldste","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"äldste","lemma":"äldste","morphology":"adjective, nominative, masculine, singular, superlative","role":"subject of plöja","gloss":"the eldest"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of plöja","gloss":"was to"},{"surface":"plöja","lemma":"plöja","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to plow"},{"surface":"mittfåran","lemma":"mittfåran","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies plöja","gloss":"middle furrow"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of äldsta","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"två","lemma":"två","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies äldsta","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"näst","lemma":"näst","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies äldsta","gloss":"next"},{"surface":"äldsta","lemma":"gammal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"subject of ställde","gloss":"oldest"},{"surface":"ställde","lemma":"ställa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to plöja","gloss":"took their places"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of ställde","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sidor","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"ömse","lemma":"ömse","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies sidor","gloss":"either","note":"Used in 'på ömse sidor' = 'on either side'."},{"surface":"sidor","lemma":"sida","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of ställde","gloss":"sides"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking honom","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ställde","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of två","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"två","lemma":"två","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"depends on ställde","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of närmast","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to närmast","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"närmast","lemma":"nära","morphology":"adverb","role":"relative clause on två","gloss":"nearest","note":"Type lumps the positive, comparative, and superlative forms of nära."},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of närmast","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ålder","gloss":"in age"},{"surface":"ålder","lemma":"ålder","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of närmast","gloss":"age"},{"surface":"tog","lemma":"ta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with plöja","gloss":"took"},{"surface":"plats","lemma":"plats","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tog","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"bortom","lemma":"bortom","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"beyond"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"oblique complement of tog","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of yngsta","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"två","lemma":"två","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies yngsta","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"yngsta","lemma":"yngsta","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"subject of plöjde","gloss":"youngest"},{"surface":"plöjde","lemma":"plöja","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with plöja","gloss":"plowed"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to fåra","gloss":"each"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of fåra","gloss":"own"},{"surface":"fåra","lemma":"fåra","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clausal complement of plöjde","gloss":"channel"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of ene","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ene","lemma":"ena","morphology":"adjective, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"subject of plöjde","gloss":"the one","note":"Used with den andre, \"the one... the other...\"."},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking kanten","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"västra","lemma":"västra","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies kanten","gloss":"western"},{"surface":"kanten","lemma":"kant","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of plöjde","gloss":"edge"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking utmarken","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"utmarken","lemma":"utmark","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies kanten","gloss":"waste tract"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of andre","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"andre","lemma":"andre","morphology":"adjective, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"coordinated with kanten","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking östra","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of östra","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"östra","lemma":"östra","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies andre","gloss":"eastern"}]},{"number":63,"label":"18","id":"ch48-p18-s1","source":"Den äldste brodern plöjde till en början en rak och bred fåra, för marken nere vid Vänern var ganska jämn och lättbrukad.","translation":"The eldest brother plowed at first a straight and broad furrow, for the ground down by Vänern was fairly level and easy to work.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"fåra","title":"«en fåra» — a furrow","body":"«fåra» (en-word, def. «fåran») is a plow furrow — the central image of the legend, since each brother's furrow becomes a valley or lake system on the map of Värmland and Dal."}],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of brodern","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"äldste","lemma":"äldste","morphology":"adjective, nominative, masculine, singular, superlative","role":"modifies brodern","gloss":"the eldest"},{"surface":"brodern","lemma":"broder","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of plöjde","gloss":"brother"},{"surface":"plöjde","lemma":"plöjde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"plowed"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking början","gloss":"at first"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of början","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"början","lemma":"början","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of plöjde","gloss":"beginning"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of rak","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"rak","lemma":"rak","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies fåra","gloss":"straight"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bred","lemma":"bred","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with rak","gloss":"broad"},{"surface":"fåra","lemma":"fåra","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of plöjde","gloss":"channel"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking marken","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"marken","lemma":"mark","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of jämn","gloss":"ground"},{"surface":"nere","lemma":"nere","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies marken","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Vänern","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"Vänern","lemma":"Vänern","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies marken","gloss":"Vänern"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to jämn","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"ganska","lemma":"ganska","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies jämn","gloss":"quite"},{"surface":"jämn","lemma":"jämn","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial clause on fåra","gloss":"even/smooth"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lättbrukad","lemma":"lättbrukad","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with jämn","gloss":"easy to work"}]},{"number":64,"label":"","id":"ch48-p18-s2","source":"Det gick raskt undan, ända tills han råkade på en sten, som var så stor, att han inte kunde komma förbi den, utan måste lyfta plogen opp på den.","translation":"It went along briskly, until he came upon a stone so large that he could not get past it, and had to lift the plow up over it.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with gick","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"gick","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"raskt","lemma":"rask","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gick","gloss":"briskly"},{"surface":"undan","lemma":"undan","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gick","gloss":"along"},{"surface":"ända","lemma":"ända","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of råkade","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"tills","lemma":"tills","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase ända","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of råkade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"råkade","lemma":"råka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on gick","gloss":"came upon"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sten","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of sten","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"sten","lemma":"sten","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of råkade","gloss":"stone"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of stor","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to stor","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stor","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"relative clause on sten","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of komma","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of komma","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies komma","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of komma","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"komma","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on stor","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"förbi","lemma":"förbi","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on komma","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of komma","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"utan","lemma":"utan","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but rather","note":"follows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened."},{"surface":"måste","lemma":"måste","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of lyfta","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"lyfta","lemma":"lyfta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with komma","gloss":"to lift"},{"surface":"plogen","lemma":"plog","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of lyfta","gloss":"the plow"},{"surface":"opp","lemma":"opp","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"depends on lyfta","gloss":"up","note":"mistagged as a verb; this is the dialectal/colloquial adverb opp, a variant of upp 'up'."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking den","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of lyfta","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":65,"label":"","id":"ch48-p18-s3","source":"Sedan satte han plogbillen med makt i jorden och skar opp en bred och djup fåra.","translation":"Then he drove the plow-blade into the earth with force and cut a broad and deep furrow.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sedan","lemma":"sedan","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies satte","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"satte","lemma":"satte","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sat down","note":"past tense of sätta; here reflexive satte sig 'sat down'."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of satte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"plogbillen","lemma":"plogbill","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of satte","gloss":"plow-blade"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking makt","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"makt","lemma":"makt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of satte","gloss":"power"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking jorden","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"jorden","lemma":"jord","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies makt","gloss":"earth"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"skar","lemma":"ska","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with satte","gloss":"cut","note":"The backbone lemma/morphology are mistagged; surface 'skar' is actually the past tense of skära (to cut), not a form of ska (shall)."},{"surface":"opp","lemma":"opp","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"depends on skar","gloss":"up","note":"Dialectal form of upp (\"up\"), mistagged as a noun by the parser."},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of fåra","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"bred","lemma":"bred","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies fåra","gloss":"broad"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"djup","lemma":"djup","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with bred","gloss":"deep"},{"surface":"fåra","lemma":"fåra","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of skar","gloss":"channel"}]},{"number":66,"label":"","id":"ch48-p18-s4","source":"Men om en stund kom han till så hård mark, att han måste lyfta plogen.","translation":"But after a while he came to ground so hard that he had to lift the plow.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kom","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of stund","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stund","lemma":"stund","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kom","gloss":"while"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on kom","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hård","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"hård","lemma":"hård","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies mark","gloss":"hard"},{"surface":"mark","lemma":"mark","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of kom","gloss":"ground"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of lyfta","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lyfta","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"måste","lemma":"måste","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of lyfta","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"lyfta","lemma":"lyfta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of kom","gloss":"to lift"},{"surface":"plogen","lemma":"plog","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of lyfta","gloss":"plow"}]},{"number":67,"label":"","id":"ch48-p18-s5","source":"Detta hände honom än en gång, och han förargade sig över att han inte kunde få fåran lika bred och djup hela vägen.","translation":"This happened to him again, and it vexed him that he could not keep the furrow equally broad and deep the whole way.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of honom","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"hände","lemma":"hä","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies honom","gloss":"happened","note":"Past tense of 'hända' (to happen); mistagged and truncated as an adjective lemma 'hä'."},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gång","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of gång","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gång","lemma":"gång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of förargade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"förargade","lemma":"förarga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was vexed"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of förargade","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of få","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of få","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of få","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies få","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of få","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"få","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on förargade","gloss":"keep"},{"surface":"fåran","lemma":"fåra","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of få","gloss":"channel"},{"surface":"lika","lemma":"lika","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bred","gloss":"equally"},{"surface":"bred","lemma":"bred","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies vägen","gloss":"broad"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"djup","lemma":"djup","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with bred","gloss":"depth"},{"surface":"hela","lemma":"hel","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies vägen","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"vägen","lemma":"väg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of få","gloss":"way"}]},{"number":68,"label":"","id":"ch48-p18-s6","source":"Till sist blev grunden så stenig, att han måste nöja sig med att bara rispa opp den en smula med plogbillen.","translation":"At last the ground grew so stony that he had to content himself with merely scratching it a little with the plow-blade.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies blev","gloss":"at last"},{"surface":"sist","lemma":"sist","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase Till","gloss":"last"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"grunden","lemma":"grund","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"ground"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stenig","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"stenig","lemma":"stenig","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"complement of blev","gloss":"stony"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of nöja","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of nöja","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"måste","lemma":"måste","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of nöja","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"nöja","lemma":"nöja","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on blev","gloss":"be satisfied","note":"Reflexive 'nöja sig' = content oneself."},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of nöja","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of rispa","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of rispa","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"bara","lemma":"bara","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies rispa","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"rispa","lemma":"rispa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on nöja","gloss":"scratch open"},{"surface":"opp","lemma":"oppa","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"clause modifying rispa","gloss":"up","note":"Dialectal form of upp (\"up\"), a particle, not a finite verb; the parser mistagged it."},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"modifies opp","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of smula","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"smula","lemma":"smula","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of opp","gloss":"bit"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking plogbillen","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"plogbillen","lemma":"plogbill","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of opp","gloss":"plow-blade"}]},{"number":69,"label":"","id":"ch48-p18-s7","source":"På så sätt kom han dock ända opp mot norra gränsen av utmarken, och där satte han sig att invänta fadern.","translation":"In this way he still made it all the way up to the northern boundary of the waste tract, and there he sat down to wait for his father.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"På","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase På","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"sätt","lemma":"sätt","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"part of the phrase På","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"dock","lemma":"dock","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"yet/still"},{"surface":"ända","lemma":"ända","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies opp","gloss":"all the way"},{"surface":"opp","lemma":"opp","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kom","gloss":"up","note":"Dialectal form of upp (\"up\"), mistagged as a noun by the parser."},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gränsen","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"norra","lemma":"norra","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies gränsen","gloss":"northern"},{"surface":"gränsen","lemma":"gräns","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kom","gloss":"border"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking utmarken","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"utmarken","lemma":"utmark","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies gränsen","gloss":"waste tract"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies satte","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"satte","lemma":"satte","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with kom","gloss":"sat down","note":"past tense of sätta; here reflexive satte sig 'sat down'."},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of satte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"indirect object of satte","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of invänta","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"invänta","lemma":"invänta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on satte","gloss":"to wait for"},{"surface":"fadern","lemma":"far","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of invänta","gloss":"father"}]},{"number":70,"label":"19","id":"ch48-p19-s1","source":"Den andre av bröderna började också plöja en bred och djup fåra, och han lyckades finna ett bra pass mellan tuvorna, så att han kunde fullfölja den utan avbrott.","translation":"The second brother also began plowing a broad and deep furrow, and he managed to find a good passage among the tussocks, so that he could carry it through without a break.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of andre","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"andre","lemma":"andre","morphology":"adjective, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"subject of började","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bröderna","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"bröderna","lemma":"bröd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies andre","gloss":"brothers","note":"Lemma listed as 'bröd' (bread) but the surfaces 'bröder'/'bröderna' are the plural of 'broder' (brother); glossed by actual meaning."},{"surface":"började","lemma":"börja","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"began"},{"surface":"också","lemma":"också","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies plöja","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"plöja","lemma":"plöja","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of började","gloss":"to plow"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of fåra","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"bred","lemma":"bred","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies fåra","gloss":"broad"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"djup","lemma":"djup","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with bred","gloss":"deep"},{"surface":"fåra","lemma":"fåra","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of plöja","gloss":"channel"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lyckades","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"lyckades","lemma":"lycka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with började","gloss":"succeeded","note":"Impersonal 'det lyckades honom' = 'he succeeded'; lemma should be 'lyckas'."},{"surface":"finna","lemma":"finna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of lyckades","gloss":"find"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of pass","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"bra","lemma":"bra","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies pass","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"pass","lemma":"pass","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of finna","gloss":"passage","note":"functions as a degree particle here, not the noun 'pass'."},{"surface":"mellan","lemma":"mellan","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tuvorna","gloss":"between"},{"surface":"tuvorna","lemma":"tuvorna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of finna","gloss":"the tussocks"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of fullfölja","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase så","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fullfölja","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of fullfölja","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"fullfölja","lemma":"fullfölja","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on lyckades","gloss":"carry through"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of fullfölja","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"utan","lemma":"utan","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking avbrott","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"avbrott","lemma":"avbrott","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of fullfölja","gloss":"interruption"}]},{"number":71,"label":"","id":"ch48-p19-s2","source":"Här och där körde han oppför några klyftor, och ju längre norrut han nådde, desto fler krökar måste han göra, och desto smalare blev fåran.","translation":"Here and there he drove up over some clefts, and the farther north he got, the more bends he had to make, and the narrower the furrow became.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies körde","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies körde","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"körde","lemma":"köra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on göra","gloss":"drove"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of körde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"oppför","lemma":"oppför","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies körde","gloss":"up","note":"dialectal spelling of 'uppför' (up, upward/uphill)."},{"surface":"några","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of klyftor","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"klyftor","lemma":"klyftor","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of körde","gloss":"clefts"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ju","lemma":"ju","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies norrut","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"längre","lemma":"länge","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies norrut","gloss":"farther"},{"surface":"norrut","lemma":"norrut","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with körde","gloss":"northward"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of nådde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"nådde","lemma":"nådde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on körde","gloss":"reached"},{"surface":"desto","lemma":"desto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fler","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"fler","lemma":"fler","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies krökar","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"krökar","lemma":"kröka","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on göra","gloss":"bends"},{"surface":"måste","lemma":"måste","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of göra","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of göra","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"göra","lemma":"göra","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"make"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"desto","lemma":"desto","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies smalare","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"smalare","lemma":"smal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"modifies blev","gloss":"narrower"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with göra","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"fåran","lemma":"fåra","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"channel"}]},{"number":72,"label":"","id":"ch48-p19-s3","source":"Men han hade så god framfart, att han inte en gång stannade vid gränsen, utan körde ett gott stycke längre, än han hade behövt.","translation":"But he made such good progress that he did not even stop at the boundary, but drove a good way farther than he needed to.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies god","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"god","lemma":"god","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies framfart","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"framfart","lemma":"framfart","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"progress"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of stannade","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of stannade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies stannade","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of gång","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gång","lemma":"gång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stannade","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"stannade","lemma":"stanna","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of hade","gloss":"stopped"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gränsen","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"gränsen","lemma":"gräns","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stannade","gloss":"border"},{"surface":"utan","lemma":"utan","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but rather","note":"follows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened."},{"surface":"körde","lemma":"köra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with stannade","gloss":"drove"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of stycke","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gott","lemma":"god","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies stycke","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"stycke","lemma":"stycke","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of körde","gloss":"piece"},{"surface":"längre","lemma":"länge","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies körde","gloss":"farther"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hade","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on hade","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"behövt","lemma":"behövt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"needed"}]},{"number":73,"label":"20","id":"ch48-p20-s1","source":"Den tredje brodern, han, som stod till vänster om den äldste, gick det också bra för i början.","translation":"The third brother, who stood to the left of the eldest, also got on well at the start.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of brodern","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"tredje","lemma":"tre","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies brodern","gloss":"third","note":"Surface 'tredje' is the ordinal 'third', though lemma is tagged as the cardinal 'tre'."},{"surface":"brodern","lemma":"broder","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gick","gloss":"brother"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"depends on brodern","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of stod","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"stod","lemma":"stå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on brodern","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies stod","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"vänster","lemma":"vänster","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase till","gloss":"left","note":"the left side/direction."},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking äldste","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of äldste","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"äldste","lemma":"äldste","morphology":"adjective, nominative, masculine, singular, superlative","role":"oblique complement of stod","gloss":"the eldest"},{"surface":"gick","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with gick","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"också","lemma":"också","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gick","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"bra","lemma":"bra","morphology":"adverb","role":"complement of gick","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking början","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking början","gloss":"at the start"},{"surface":"början","lemma":"början","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gick","gloss":"beginning"}]},{"number":74,"label":"","id":"ch48-p20-s2","source":"Han fick opp en fåra, som var bredare än någon av de andra, men snart mötte han så dålig mark, att han måste vika av mot väster.","translation":"He plowed a furrow that was broader than any of the others, but soon he met such poor ground that he had to turn aside toward the west.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fick","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"fick","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of opp","gloss":"plowed"},{"surface":"opp","lemma":"opp","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"up","note":"mistagged as a verb; this is the dialectal/colloquial adverb opp, a variant of upp 'up'."},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of fåra","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"fåra","lemma":"fåra","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of opp","gloss":"channel"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of bredare","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to bredare","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"bredare","lemma":"bred","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"relative clause on fåra","gloss":"broader"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking någon","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"någon","lemma":"någon","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of bredare","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking andra","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of andra","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"modifies någon","gloss":"others"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"snart","lemma":"snart","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies mötte","gloss":"soon"},{"surface":"mötte","lemma":"mötte","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with opp","gloss":"met"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of mötte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dålig","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"dålig","lemma":"dålig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies mark","gloss":"bad"},{"surface":"mark","lemma":"mark","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of mötte","gloss":"ground"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vika","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vika","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"måste","lemma":"måste","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of vika","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"vika","lemma":"vika","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of mötte","gloss":"turn aside"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on vika","gloss":"aside"},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking väster","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"väster","lemma":"väster","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of vika","gloss":"west"}]},{"number":75,"label":"","id":"ch48-p20-s3","source":"Så fort det var möjligt, körde han mot norr på nytt, plöjde både djupt och brett, men blev hejdad, långt innan han hade nått till gränsen.","translation":"As soon as he could, he drove north again, plowing both deep and broad, but was checked long before he had reached the boundary.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of möjligt","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"fort","lemma":"fort","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase Så","gloss":"fast"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with möjligt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to möjligt","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"möjligt","lemma":"möjlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"possible","note":"half the examples (ch01-p27, ch04-p30) use the fixed idiom 'allt möjligt' = 'all sorts of/everything', not the literal 'possible' sense used in the other two."},{"surface":"körde","lemma":"köra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to möjligt","gloss":"drove"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of körde","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies körde","gloss":"north"},{"surface":"norr","lemma":"norr","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase mot","gloss":"north"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nytt","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"nytt","lemma":"ny","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of körde","gloss":"new"},{"surface":"plöjde","lemma":"plöjde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to möjligt","gloss":"plowed"},{"surface":"både","lemma":"både","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"both"},{"surface":"djupt","lemma":"djup","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies plöjde","gloss":"deep"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"brett","lemma":"bred","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with djupt","gloss":"broad"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"passive auxiliary of hejdad","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"hejdad","lemma":"hejdad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with möjligt","gloss":"checked"},{"surface":"långt","lemma":"långt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies nått","gloss":"far"},{"surface":"innan","lemma":"innan","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of nått","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of nått","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of nått","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"nått","lemma":"nå","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on möjligt","gloss":"reached","note":"Supine of nå ('to reach')."},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gränsen","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"gränsen","lemma":"gräns","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of nått","gloss":"border"}]},{"number":76,"label":"","id":"ch48-p20-s4","source":"Inte ville han bli stående mitt i marken, utan vände hästarna och tog av åt annat håll.","translation":"He did not want to stand still in the middle of the tract, so he turned the horses and set off in another direction.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies bli","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ville","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of bli","gloss":"wanted to"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bli","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"bli","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"stående","lemma":"stående","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies mitt","gloss":"standing"},{"surface":"mitt","lemma":"mitt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of bli","gloss":"the middle"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking marken","gloss":"in the middle"},{"surface":"marken","lemma":"mark","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of bli","gloss":"ground"},{"surface":"utan","lemma":"utan","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but rather","note":"follows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened."},{"surface":"vände","lemma":"väna","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with bli","gloss":"turned","note":"Past tense of vända (to turn); lemma should read vända."},{"surface":"hästarna","lemma":"häst","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of vände","gloss":"horses"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tog","lemma":"ta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with vände","gloss":"took"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on tog","gloss":"off"},{"surface":"åt","lemma":"åt","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies håll","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"annat","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies håll","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"håll","lemma":"håll","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of tog","gloss":"direction"}]},{"number":77,"label":"","id":"ch48-p20-s5","source":"Men inom kort var det så stängt omkring honom, att han måste stanna.","translation":"But before long it was so closed in around him that he had to stop.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"inom","lemma":"inom","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking kort","gloss":"within"},{"surface":"kort","lemma":"kort","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stängt","gloss":"short"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to stängt","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with stängt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stängt","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"stängt","lemma":"stäng","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"closed"},{"surface":"omkring","lemma":"omkring","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking honom","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stängt","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of stanna","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of stanna","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"måste","lemma":"måste","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of stanna","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"stanna","lemma":"stanna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on stängt","gloss":"stay"}]},{"number":78,"label":"","id":"ch48-p20-s6","source":"’Den här fåran blir väl den sämsta,’ tänkte han, när han satte sig ner på plogen för att vänta på fadern.","translation":"\"This furrow will surely turn out to be the worst,\" he thought, as he sat down on the plow to wait for his father.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"tänkte han","title":"Verb-second word order after direct speech","body":"After a quoted line, Swedish inverts to verb–subject: «tänkte han» ('thought he'), not «han tänkte». This V2 inversion after fronted material (here, the quotation itself occupying the front position) is a hallmark of Swedish word order and appears throughout the dialogue in this chapter."}],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of fåran","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase Den","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"fåran","lemma":"fåra","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blir","gloss":"channel"},{"surface":"blir","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"väl","lemma":"väl","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies blir","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of sämsta","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"sämsta","lemma":"sämsta","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"subject of blir","gloss":"worst"},{"surface":"tänkte","lemma":"tänka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on sämsta","gloss":"thought"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tänkte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of satte","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of satte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"satte","lemma":"satte","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on blir","gloss":"sat down","note":"past tense of sätta; here reflexive satte sig 'sat down'."},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of satte","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies satte","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking plogen","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"plogen","lemma":"plog","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of satte","gloss":"plow"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of vänta","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of vänta","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"vänta","lemma":"vänta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on satte","gloss":"to wait"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fadern","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"fadern","lemma":"far","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of vänta","gloss":"father"}]},{"number":79,"label":"21","id":"ch48-p21-s1","source":"Det kan vara detsamma att tala om hur det gick för de andra.","translation":"It matters little to tell how it went with the others.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with detsamma","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of detsamma","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"vara","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to detsamma","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"detsamma","lemma":"densamma","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"the same"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of tala","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"tala","lemma":"tala","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on detsamma","gloss":"to speak"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of gick","gloss":"tell"},{"surface":"hur","lemma":"hur","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gick","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of gick","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"gick","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on tala","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking andra","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of andra","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"oblique complement of gick","gloss":"others"}]},{"number":80,"label":"","id":"ch48-p21-s2","source":"De redde sig som karlar allihop.","translation":"They all acquitted themselves like men.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of redde","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"redde","lemma":"reda","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"managed"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of redde","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of karlar","gloss":"like","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"karlar","lemma":"karla","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"depends on redde","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"allihop","lemma":"allihop","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of karlar","gloss":"all"}]},{"number":81,"label":"","id":"ch48-p21-s3","source":"De, som plöjde i mitten, hade haft det svårt, men de, som gick fram i öster och väster om dem, hade det än sämre, för därborta var utmarken så full av stenrös och moras, att det var omöjligt att få raka och jämna fåror.","translation":"Those who plowed in the middle had had it hard, but those who went ahead to the east and west of them had it worse still, for out there the waste tract was so full of stone heaps and marsh that it was impossible to get straight, even furrows.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of haft","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of plöjde","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"plöjde","lemma":"plöja","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on De","gloss":"plowed"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mitten","gloss":"in the middle"},{"surface":"mitten","lemma":"mitt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of plöjde","gloss":"the middle"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of haft","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"haft","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of haft","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"svårt","lemma":"svår","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"complement of haft","gloss":"difficult"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of gick","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"gick","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on de","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gick","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking öster","gloss":"to the east"},{"surface":"öster","lemma":"öster","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gick","gloss":"east"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"väster","lemma":"väster","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with öster","gloss":"west"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"oblique complement of gick","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with haft","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with hade","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sämre","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"sämre","lemma":"dålig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hade","gloss":"worse"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of full","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"därborta","lemma":"därborta","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies full","gloss":"over there"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to utmarken","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"utmarken","lemma":"utmark","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of full","gloss":"waste tract"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies full","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"full","lemma":"full","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of hade","gloss":"full"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking stenrös","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"stenrös","lemma":"stenrös","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of full","gloss":"stone heap"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"moras","lemma":"mora","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"coordinated with stenrös","gloss":"marshland","note":"The surface moras is the noun 'marshland' or 'quagmire,' despite the parser's verb label."},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of omöjligt","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with omöjligt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to omöjligt","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"omöjligt","lemma":"omöjlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"clausal complement of hade","gloss":"impossible"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of få","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"få","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on omöjligt","gloss":"get"},{"surface":"raka","lemma":"rak","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies fåror","gloss":"straight"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"jämna","lemma":"jämn","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with raka","gloss":"even/level"},{"surface":"fåror","lemma":"fåra","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of få","gloss":"furrows"}]},{"number":82,"label":"","id":"ch48-p21-s4","source":"Om de två yngsta får man säga, att de bara vände och krökte, men de gjorde ändå ett betydligt arbete.","translation":"Of the two youngest it may be said that they merely turned and twisted, but they still did a considerable amount of work.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of säga","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of yngsta","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"två","lemma":"två","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies yngsta","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"yngsta","lemma":"yngsta","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"subject of säga","gloss":"youngest"},{"surface":"får","lemma":"få","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of säga","gloss":"may"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of säga","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"säga","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to say"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vände","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of vände","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"bara","lemma":"bara","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vände","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"vände","lemma":"vände","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of säga","gloss":"turned"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"krökte","lemma":"krökte","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with vände","gloss":"twisted"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of gjorde","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"gjorde","lemma":"göra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with vände","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"ändå","lemma":"ändå","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gjorde","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of arbete","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"betydligt","lemma":"betydlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies arbete","gloss":"considerable"},{"surface":"arbete","lemma":"arbete","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gjorde","gloss":"work"}]},{"number":83,"label":"22","id":"ch48-p22-s1","source":"När kvällen kom, satt de sju bröderna trötta och modfällda vid slutet av var sin fåra och väntade.","translation":"When evening came, the seven brothers sat tired and downcast at the end of their respective furrows and waited.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"När","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kom","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"kvällen","lemma":"kväll","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"evening"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on satt","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"satt","lemma":"sitta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"sat"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of bröderna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"sju","lemma":"sju","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies bröderna","gloss":"seven"},{"surface":"bröderna","lemma":"bröd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of satt","gloss":"brothers","note":"Lemma listed as 'bröd' (bread) but the surfaces 'bröder'/'bröderna' are the plural of 'broder' (brother); glossed by actual meaning."},{"surface":"trötta","lemma":"trött","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"complement of satt","gloss":"tired"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"modfällda","lemma":"modfällda","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies slutet","gloss":"downcast"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking slutet","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"slutet","lemma":"slut","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with trötta","gloss":"end"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fåra","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of fåra","gloss":"was","note":"mistagged as a determiner; the surface 'var' here is the past tense of vara 'to be'."},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of fåra","gloss":"own"},{"surface":"fåra","lemma":"fåra","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies slutet","gloss":"channel"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"väntade","lemma":"vänta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with fåra","gloss":"waited"}]},{"number":84,"label":"23","id":"ch48-p23-s1","source":"Så kom fadern gående.","translation":"Then the father came walking along.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"fadern","lemma":"fadern","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"the father"},{"surface":"gående","lemma":"gåe","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"complement of kom","gloss":"walking","note":"Present participle 'gående' of 'gå' (to walk), used adjectivally/adverbially; mistagged as a plain adjective lemma."}]},{"number":85,"label":"","id":"ch48-p23-s2","source":"Han kom först till den, som hade arbetat längst västerut.","translation":"He came first to the one who had worked farthest to the west.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"först","lemma":"först","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kom","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking den","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kom","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of arbetat","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of arbetat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"arbetat","lemma":"arbeta","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"worked"},{"surface":"längst","lemma":"länge","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies västerut","gloss":"farthest"},{"surface":"västerut","lemma":"västerut","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of arbetat","gloss":"westward","note":"Same adverb 'westward'; mistagged as noun."}]},{"number":86,"label":"24","id":"ch48-p24-s1","source":"’God kväll!’ sade fadern, när han kom.","translation":"'Good evening!' said the father when he came.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"God","lemma":"God","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies kväll","gloss":"good","note":"In greetings like 'God dag'/'God kväll' this is the adjective 'good', not the name Goddag."},{"surface":"kväll","lemma":"kväll","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"evening"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"fadern","lemma":"far","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kom","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on sade","gloss":"came"}]},{"number":87,"label":"","id":"ch48-p24-s2","source":"’Hur har det gått med arbetet?’","translation":"'How has the work gone?'","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Hur","lemma":"hur","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gått","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gått","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of gått","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"gått","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"depends on ’","gloss":"gone"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking arbetet","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"arbetet","lemma":"arbete","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of gått","gloss":"work"}]},{"number":88,"label":"","id":"ch48-p24-s3","source":"— ’Det har gått klent,’ sade sonen.","translation":"— 'It has gone poorly,' said the son.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of gått","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gått","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"gått","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"gone"},{"surface":"klent","lemma":"klent","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"complement of gått","gloss":"poorly"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on klent","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"sonen","lemma":"son","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"son"}]},{"number":89,"label":"","id":"ch48-p24-s4","source":"’Det var en svår utmark, den här, som ni gav oss att plöja.’","translation":"'It was a hard tract of waste land, this one you gave us to plow.'","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of utmark","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to utmark","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of utmark","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"svår","lemma":"svår","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies utmark","gloss":"hard"},{"surface":"utmark","lemma":"utmark","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"waste tract"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of här","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"här","lemma":"här","morphology":"adverb","role":"parallel clause to utmark","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of gav","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"ni","lemma":"ni","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gav","gloss":"you","note":"second-person plural/formal pronoun, tagged singular by the parser."},{"surface":"gav","lemma":"ge","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on här","gloss":"gave","note":"Light-verb idioms in the examples: \"gav ... till ett klagoskrik\" = let out a cry; \"gav sig tid\" = took the time — not literal \"gave\" in either case."},{"surface":"oss","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, plural","role":"indirect object of gav","gloss":"us"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of plöja","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"plöja","lemma":"plöja","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on gav","gloss":"to plow"}]},{"number":90,"label":"","id":"ch48-p24-s5","source":"— ’Jag tror, att du sitter med ryggen åt arbetsfältet,’ sade fadern.","translation":"— 'I think you're sitting with your back to the field,' said the father.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tror","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"tror","lemma":"tro","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"thinks"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sitter","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sitter","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"sitter","lemma":"sitta","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of tror","gloss":"sits"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ryggen","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"ryggen","lemma":"rygg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sitter","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"åt","lemma":"åt","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking arbetsfältet","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"arbetsfältet","lemma":"arbetsfält","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies ryggen","gloss":"the field"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to sitter","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"fadern","lemma":"fader","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"the father"}]},{"number":91,"label":"","id":"ch48-p24-s6","source":"’Vänd dig om, så att du kan se vad du har uträttat!","translation":"'Turn around, so you can see what you've accomplished!","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vänd","lemma":"Vända","morphology":"proper noun, genitive","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"turn around"},{"surface":"dig","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of Vänd","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Vänd","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase så","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of se","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of se","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on Vänd","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"vad","lemma":"vad","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of uträttat","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of uträttat","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of uträttat","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"uträttat","lemma":"uträtta","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"clausal complement of se","gloss":"accomplished"}]},{"number":92,"label":"","id":"ch48-p24-s7","source":"Det är inte så litet, som du tror.’","translation":"It is not as little as you think.'","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with litet","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to litet","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies litet","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies litet","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"litet","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"little","note":"this type bundles the positive and comparative degree forms (litet, mindre) under one entry."},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of tror","gloss":"as","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"du","lemma":"du","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tror","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"tror","lemma":"tro","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"depends on litet","gloss":"thinks"}]},{"number":93,"label":"25","id":"ch48-p25-s1","source":"Och när sonen såg sig tillbaka, märkte han, att där han hade gått fram med sin plog, hade uppstått präktiga dalar med sjöar på dalbottnen och vackra, skogiga dalväggar.","translation":"And when the son looked back, he noticed that where he had gone forward with his plow there had arisen splendid valleys with lakes on the valley floors and beautiful, wooded valley sides.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of såg","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"sonen","lemma":"son","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of såg","gloss":"son"},{"surface":"såg","lemma":"såg","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on märkte","gloss":"saw","note":"past tense of se, 'to see.'"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of såg","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"tillbaka","lemma":"tillbaka","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies såg","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"märkte","lemma":"märkte","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"noticed"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of märkte","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gått","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gått","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gått","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gått","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"gått","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"clausal complement of märkte","gloss":"gone forward"},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gått","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking plog","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of plog","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"plog","lemma":"plog","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gått","gloss":"plow"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of uppstått","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"uppstått","lemma":"uppstå","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with gått","gloss":"arisen"},{"surface":"präktiga","lemma":"präktig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies dalar","gloss":"splendid"},{"surface":"dalar","lemma":"dal","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of uppstått","gloss":"valleys"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sjöar","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sjöar","lemma":"sjö","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of uppstått","gloss":"lakes"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dalbottnen","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"dalbottnen","lemma":"dalbottn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of uppstått","gloss":"valley floor"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vackra","lemma":"vacker","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies dalväggar","gloss":"beautiful"},{"surface":"skogiga","lemma":"skogig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies dalväggar","gloss":"wooded"},{"surface":"dalväggar","lemma":"dalvägg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with dalbottnen","gloss":"valley walls"}]},{"number":94,"label":"","id":"ch48-p25-s2","source":"Han hade dragit igenom ett gott stycke av Dal och Nordmarks härad i Värmland och plöjt opp både Laxsjön och Lelången och Stora Le och de två Silarna, så att fadern hade alla skäl att vara nöjd med honom.","translation":"He had drawn his furrow through a good stretch of Dal and Nordmark hundred in Värmland and had plowed up both Laxsjön and Lelången and Stora Le and the two Silar lakes, so that his father had every reason to be pleased with him.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of dragit","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of dragit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"dragit","lemma":"draga","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"drawn","note":"Archaic supine of dra; sense shifts widely with the particle it governs (dragit i led, dragit ihop, dragit bort, dragit upp)."},{"surface":"igenom","lemma":"igenom","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on dragit","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of stycke","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gott","lemma":"god","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies stycke","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"stycke","lemma":"stycke","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of dragit","gloss":"piece"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dal","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Dal","lemma":"Dal","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of dragit","gloss":"Dal"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Nordmarks","lemma":"Nordmark","morphology":"proper noun, genitive","role":"coordinated with Dal","gloss":"Nordmark's"},{"surface":"härad","lemma":"härad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of dragit","gloss":"hundred (district)","note":"'Härad' is a historical Swedish administrative district, not an adjective; mistagged by the parser."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Värmland","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Värmland","lemma":"Värmland","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of härad","gloss":"Värmland","note":"A Swedish province."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"plöjt","lemma":"plöj","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with härad","gloss":"plowed","note":"Tagged as a noun but is the supine of the verb 'plöja', 'plowed'."},{"surface":"opp","lemma":"oppa","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"complement of dragit","gloss":"up","note":"Colloquial adverb 'opp' (up), mistagged as a noun."},{"surface":"både","lemma":"både","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"both"},{"surface":"Laxsjön","lemma":"Laxsjön","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"direct object of opp","gloss":"Laxsjön"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Lelången","lemma":"lelång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Laxsjön","gloss":"Lelången"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Stora","lemma":"Stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies Le","gloss":"great","note":"Definite/plural-looking form \"Stora\" used attributively in place names like Stora Tuna."},{"surface":"Le","lemma":"Le","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"direct object of dragit","gloss":"Le"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of Silarna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"två","lemma":"två","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies Silarna","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"Silarna","lemma":"Sil","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with Le","gloss":"the two Silar lakes"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of hade","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase så","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"fadern","lemma":"far","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on dragit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of skäl","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"skäl","lemma":"skäl","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"reasons"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of nöjd","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"vara","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to nöjd","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"nöjd","lemma":"nöjd","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clause modifying skäl","gloss":"pleased"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking honom","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"honom","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of nöjd","gloss":"him"}]},{"number":95,"label":"26","id":"ch48-p26-s1","source":"’Nu ska vi gå bort och se vad de andra har haft för sig,’ sade fadern.","translation":"'Now let us go and see what the others have been up to,' said the father.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gå","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"ska","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gå","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"vi","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of gå","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"gå","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"bort","lemma":"bort","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gå","gloss":"away"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with gå","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"vad","lemma":"vad","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of haft","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"determiner of andra","gloss":"they","note":"surfaces are actually the plural pronoun de, not a form of en."},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"subject of haft","gloss":"others"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of haft","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"haft","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"clausal complement of se","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sig","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"oblique complement of haft","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to gå","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"fadern","lemma":"fader","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"the father"}]},{"number":96,"label":"","id":"ch48-p26-s2","source":"Den nästa sonen, som de kom till — det var han, som var den femte i ordningen —, hade plöjt opp Jösse härad och sjön Glafsfjorden.","translation":"The next son they came to — he was the fifth in order — had plowed up Jösse hundred and the lake Glafsfjorden.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"härad","title":"«härad» — a hundred (district)","body":"A «härad» was a traditional Swedish administrative subdivision, older than the modern kommun, roughly equivalent to an English 'hundred'. Lagerlöf uses «Jösse härad» and «Nordmarks härad» as real historical district names within Värmland."}],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of sonen","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"nästa","lemma":"nästa","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies sonen","gloss":"next"},{"surface":"sonen","lemma":"son","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of opp","gloss":"son"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of kom","gloss":"whom","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of kom","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"kom","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on sonen","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on kom","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with var","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to sonen","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of var","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of femte","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to femte","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of femte","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"femte","lemma":"fem","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"depends on var","gloss":"the fifth"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ordningen","gloss":"in order"},{"surface":"ordningen","lemma":"ordning","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of femte","gloss":"order"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of opp","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"plöjt","lemma":"plöj","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of opp","gloss":"plowed","note":"Tagged as a noun but is the supine of the verb 'plöja', 'plowed'."},{"surface":"opp","lemma":"oppa","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"up","note":"Dialectal form of upp (\"up\"), a particle, not a finite verb; the parser mistagged it."},{"surface":"Jösse","lemma":"Jösse","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"indirect object of opp","gloss":"Jösse","note":"District (härad) name in Värmland."},{"surface":"härad","lemma":"härad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of opp","gloss":"hundred (district)","note":"'Härad' is a historical Swedish administrative district, not an adjective; mistagged by the parser."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sjön","lemma":"sjön","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with härad","gloss":"the lake"},{"surface":"Glafsfjorden","lemma":"Glafsfjorden","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"direct object of opp","gloss":"Glafsfjorden","note":"Lake in Värmland."}]},{"number":97,"label":"","id":"ch48-p26-s3","source":"Den tredje sonen hade plöjt opp Värmeln, den äldste Fryksdalen och Frykensjöarna, den näst äldste Älvdalen med Klarälven.","translation":"The third son had plowed up Värmeln, the eldest Fryksdalen and the Fryken lakes, the second eldest Älvdalen with the Klarälven.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of sonen","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"tredje","lemma":"tre","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies sonen","gloss":"third","note":"Surface 'tredje' is the ordinal 'third', though lemma is tagged as the cardinal 'tre'."},{"surface":"sonen","lemma":"son","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of plöjt","gloss":"son"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of plöjt","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"plöjt","lemma":"plöj","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"plowed","note":"Tagged as a noun but is the supine of the verb 'plöja', 'plowed'."},{"surface":"opp","lemma":"opp","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"depends on plöjt","gloss":"up","note":"Opp is a historical spelling of modern upp."},{"surface":"Värmeln","lemma":"värmel","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"Värmeln"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of äldste","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"äldste","lemma":"äldste","morphology":"adjective, nominative, masculine, singular, superlative","role":"modifies Fryksdalen","gloss":"the eldest"},{"surface":"Fryksdalen","lemma":"Fryksdalen","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"in apposition to Värmeln","gloss":"Fryksdalen"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Frykensjöarna","lemma":"Frykensjöarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with Fryksdalen","gloss":"the Fryken lakes"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of Älvdalen","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"näst","lemma":"näst","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies äldste","gloss":"next"},{"surface":"äldste","lemma":"äldste","morphology":"adjective, nominative, masculine, singular, superlative","role":"modifies Älvdalen","gloss":"the eldest"},{"surface":"Älvdalen","lemma":"Älvdale","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"in apposition to Värmeln","gloss":"Älvdalen"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Klarälven","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Klarälven","lemma":"Klarälven","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"modifies Älvdalen","gloss":"the Klarälven","note":"Name of the river Klarälven in Värmland."}]},{"number":98,"label":"","id":"ch48-p26-s4","source":"Den fjärde hade haft ett svårt arbete borta i Bergslagerna och plöjt opp Yngen och Daglösen förutom en mängd andra småsjöar.","translation":"The fourth had had a hard task over in Bergslagen and had plowed up Yngen and Daglösen besides a number of other small lakes.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of fjärde","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"fjärde","lemma":"fyra","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"subject of haft","gloss":"fourth","note":"the ordinal fjärde, listed under the lemma fyra (four)."},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of haft","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"haft","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of arbete","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"svårt","lemma":"svår","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies arbete","gloss":"difficult"},{"surface":"arbete","lemma":"arbete","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of haft","gloss":"work"},{"surface":"borta","lemma":"borta","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies haft","gloss":"over in"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Bergslagerna","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Bergslagerna","lemma":"Bergslagerna","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of borta","gloss":"Bergslagen","note":"Historical name of Sweden's central mining district, here in an older plural-looking form."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"plöjt","lemma":"plöj","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with Bergslagerna","gloss":"plowed","note":"Tagged as a noun but is the supine of the verb 'plöja', 'plowed'."},{"surface":"opp","lemma":"opp","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on haft","gloss":"up","note":"mistagged as a verb; this is the dialectal/colloquial adverb opp, a variant of upp 'up'."},{"surface":"Yngen","lemma":"Yng","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of opp","gloss":"Yngen"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Daglösen","lemma":"Daglösen","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with Yngen","gloss":"Daglösen"},{"surface":"förutom","lemma":"förutom","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking mängd","gloss":"besides"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of mängd","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"mängd","lemma":"mängd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies småsjöar","gloss":"a great many"},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies småsjöar","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"småsjöar","lemma":"småsjö","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with Yngen","gloss":"small lakes"}]},{"number":99,"label":"","id":"ch48-p26-s5","source":"Den sjätte hade följt en besynnerlig fåra.","translation":"The sixth had followed a strange furrow.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of sjätte","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"sjätte","lemma":"sjätte","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"subject of följt","gloss":"the sixth"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of följt","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"följt","lemma":"följa","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"followed"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of fåra","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"besynnerlig","lemma":"besynnerlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies fåra","gloss":"strange"},{"surface":"fåra","lemma":"fåra","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of följt","gloss":"channel"}]},{"number":100,"label":"","id":"ch48-p26-s6","source":"Först hade han röjt plats för den stora sjön Skagern, sedan hade han farit fram i en smal fåra, där Letälven hade tagit plats, och därefter hade han råkat komma över gränsen och gått och hackat opp småsjöar inne i Västmanlands bergslager.","translation":"First he had cleared a place for the great lake Skagern, then he had run on in a narrow furrow, where the Letälven took its place, and after that he had happened to cross the boundary and gone on hacking up small lakes inside the Västmanland mining district.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Först","lemma":"först","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hade","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"röjt","lemma":"röjd","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"modifies plats","gloss":"cleared"},{"surface":"plats","lemma":"plats","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Skagern","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of sjön","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stora","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies sjön","gloss":"big","note":"weak/definite form (stora), used with a singular definite noun, e.g. den stora länstolen."},{"surface":"sjön","lemma":"sjö","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Skagern","gloss":"lake"},{"surface":"Skagern","lemma":"Skagern","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of hade","gloss":"Skagern"},{"surface":"sedan","lemma":"sedan","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies farit","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of farit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of farit","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"farit","lemma":"fara","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on hade","gloss":"traveled"},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on farit","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fåra","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of fåra","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"smal","lemma":"smal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies fåra","gloss":"narrow"},{"surface":"fåra","lemma":"fåra","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of farit","gloss":"channel"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tagit","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"Letälven","lemma":"letälv","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tagit","gloss":"Letälven"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tagit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"tagit","lemma":"ta","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"relative clause on fåra","gloss":"taken"},{"surface":"plats","lemma":"plats","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tagit","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"därefter","lemma":"därefter","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies råkat","gloss":"afterward"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of råkat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of råkat","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"råkat","lemma":"råka","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with hade","gloss":"happened to"},{"surface":"komma","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of råkat","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gränsen","gloss":"across"},{"surface":"gränsen","lemma":"gräns","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of komma","gloss":"border"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"gått","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with komma","gloss":"gone on"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hackat","lemma":"hacka","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with gått","gloss":"chopped"},{"surface":"opp","lemma":"opp","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"depends on gått","gloss":"up","note":"mistagged as a verb; this is the dialectal/colloquial adverb opp, a variant of upp 'up'."},{"surface":"småsjöar","lemma":"småsjöar","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of opp","gloss":"small lakes"},{"surface":"inne","lemma":"inne","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gått","gloss":"inside"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bergslager","gloss":"inside"},{"surface":"Västmanlands","lemma":"Västmanlands","morphology":"proper noun, genitive","role":"possessor of bergslager","gloss":"Västmanland's"},{"surface":"bergslager","lemma":"bergslager","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of gått","gloss":"mining districts"}]},{"number":101,"label":"27","id":"ch48-p27-s1","source":"När fadern hade besett hela ploglandet, sade han, att efter allt, vad han kunde döma, hade de gjort ett så gott arbete, att han hade skäl att vara nöjd med det.","translation":"When the father had inspected the whole plowed field, he said that, as far as he could judge, they had done such good work that he had reason to be pleased with it.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"När","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hade","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"fadern","lemma":"far","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on besett","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"besett","lemma":"besett","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"looked over"},{"surface":"hela","lemma":"hel","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies ploglandet","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"ploglandet","lemma":"ploglande","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of besett","gloss":"the plowed field"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of efter","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"adverbial clause on sade","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"allt","lemma":"all","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"part of the phrase efter","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"vad","lemma":"vad","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of döma","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of döma","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of döma","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"döma","lemma":"döma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of sade","gloss":"to judge"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gjort","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of gjort","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"gjort","lemma":"göra","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on sade","gloss":"done"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of arbete","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies arbete","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"gott","lemma":"god","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"part of the phrase så","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"arbete","lemma":"arbete","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of gjort","gloss":"work"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hade","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on gjort","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"skäl","lemma":"skäl","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"reason"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of nöjd","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"vara","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to nöjd","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"nöjd","lemma":"nöjd","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clause modifying skäl","gloss":"pleased"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking det","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of nöjd","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":102,"label":"","id":"ch48-p27-s2","source":"Landet var nu inte längre en utmark, utan kunde väl brukas och bebos.","translation":"The land was now no longer a waste tract, but could well be worked and settled.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Landet","lemma":"Land","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of utmark","gloss":"the land"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to utmark","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies utmark","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies utmark","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"längre","lemma":"länge","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies utmark","gloss":"longer"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of utmark","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"utmark","lemma":"utmark","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"waste tract"},{"surface":"utan","lemma":"utan","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but rather","note":"follows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened."},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of brukas","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"väl","lemma":"väl","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies brukas","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"brukas","lemma":"bruka","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"coordinated with utmark","gloss":"worked"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bebos","lemma":"bebos","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with brukas","gloss":"be settled"}]},{"number":103,"label":"","id":"ch48-p27-s3","source":"De hade skapat många fiskrika sjöar och fruktbara dalbottnar.","translation":"They had created many fish-rich lakes and fertile valley floors.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of skapat","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of skapat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"skapat","lemma":"skapa","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"created"},{"surface":"många","lemma":"många","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies sjöar","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"fiskrika","lemma":"fiskrik","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies sjöar","gloss":"fish-rich"},{"surface":"sjöar","lemma":"sjö","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of skapat","gloss":"lakes"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fruktbara","lemma":"fruktbar","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies dalbottnar","gloss":"fertile"},{"surface":"dalbottnar","lemma":"dalbottn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with sjöar","gloss":"valley floors"}]},{"number":104,"label":"","id":"ch48-p27-s4","source":"Älvar och åar gjorde fall, som kunde dra kvarnar, sågar och stångjärnshammare.","translation":"Rivers and streams made falls that could drive mills, sawmills, and iron-hammer forges.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"stångjärnshammare","title":"«stångjärnshammare» — a bar-iron hammer","body":"A «stångjärnshammare» is a water-powered forge hammer used to work bar iron; together with «kvarnar» (mills) and «sågar» (sawmills), it points to Bergslagen's historic iron industry, powered by exactly the rivers and falls the legend explains."}],"words":[{"surface":"Älvar","lemma":"Älvar","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of gjorde","gloss":"rivers"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"åar","lemma":"åar","morphology":"noun","role":"coordinated with Älvar","gloss":"streams"},{"surface":"gjorde","lemma":"göra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"did"},{"surface":"fall","lemma":"fall","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of gjorde","gloss":"cases"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of dra","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of dra","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"dra","lemma":"dra","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with gjorde","gloss":"drive"},{"surface":"kvarnar","lemma":"kvarn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of dra","gloss":"mills"},{"surface":"sågar","lemma":"såg","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with kvarnar","gloss":"sawmills","note":"This type conflates two homographs: 'såg' as the irregular past tense of se (to see) and 'såg/sågar' as the verb/tool 'saw'."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"stångjärnshammare","lemma":"stångjärnshammare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with kvarnar","gloss":"bar-iron hammers"}]},{"number":105,"label":"","id":"ch48-p27-s5","source":"På åsarna mellan fårorna fanns det plats för skog till bränsle och kolning, och nu gavs det också möjlighet att bana vägar fram till de stora järnmalmsfälten borta i Bergslagerna.","translation":"On the ridges between the furrows there was room for forest for fuel and charcoal-burning, and now there was also a way to build roads out to the great iron-ore fields over in Bergslagen.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"På","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking åsarna","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"åsarna","lemma":"åsarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of fanns","gloss":"the ridges"},{"surface":"mellan","lemma":"mellan","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fårorna","gloss":"between"},{"surface":"fårorna","lemma":"fårorna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies åsarna","gloss":"the furrows"},{"surface":"fanns","lemma":"finnas","morphology":"verb, past, indicative","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"there was","note":"existential verb; fanns = 'there was/were, existed.'"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with fanns","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"plats","lemma":"plats","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fanns","gloss":"place"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skog","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"skog","lemma":"skog","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of fanns","gloss":"forest"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bränsle","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"bränsle","lemma":"bränsle","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of fanns","gloss":"fuel"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"kolning","lemma":"kolning","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with bränsle","gloss":"charcoal-burning"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gavs","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"gavs","lemma":"gavs","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, passive","role":"coordinated with fanns","gloss":"there was"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with gavs","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"också","lemma":"också","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gavs","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"möjlighet","lemma":"möjlighet","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of gavs","gloss":"possibility"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of vägar","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"bana","lemma":"bana","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies vägar","gloss":"to clear (a path)","note":"Backbone mistags this as a noun ('path'), but all four examples use 'bana' as the verb infinitive in 'bana sig (en) väg' (to clear/blaze itself a path, i.e. make its way), not the noun 'bana' (track/course)."},{"surface":"vägar","lemma":"väg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"clause modifying möjlighet","gloss":"roads"},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vägar","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking järnmalmsfälten","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of järnmalmsfälten","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"stora","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies järnmalmsfälten","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"järnmalmsfälten","lemma":"järnmalmsfält","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of fram","gloss":"the iron-ore fields"},{"surface":"borta","lemma":"borta","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fram","gloss":"over in"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Bergslagerna","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Bergslagerna","lemma":"Bergslagerna","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of borta","gloss":"Bergslagen","note":"Historical name of Sweden's central mining district, here in an older plural-looking form."}]},{"number":106,"label":"28","id":"ch48-p28-s1","source":"Sönerna var glada att höra detta, men nu ville de också veta vems fåra som var ypperst.","translation":"The sons were glad to hear this, but now they also wanted to know whose furrow was the finest.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sönerna","lemma":"Sönerna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of glada","gloss":"the sons"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to glada","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"glada","lemma":"glad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"glad"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of höra","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"höra","lemma":"höra","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on glada","gloss":"to hear"},{"surface":"detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of höra","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies veta","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"ville","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of veta","gloss":"wanted to"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of veta","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"också","lemma":"också","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies veta","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"veta","lemma":"veta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with glada","gloss":"to know"},{"surface":"vems","lemma":"vems","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of fåra","gloss":"whose"},{"surface":"fåra","lemma":"fåra","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"coordinated with veta","gloss":"furrow"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"introduces the clause of ypperst","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to ypperst","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"ypperst","lemma":"ypperst","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"modifies veta","gloss":"finest"}]},{"number":107,"label":"29","id":"ch48-p29-s1","source":"’I ett plogland som detta,’ sade fadern, ’är det av större vikt, att alla fårorna passar väl intill varandra, än att en är förmer än de övriga.","translation":"'In a plowed field like this,' said the father, 'it matters more that all the furrows fit well against one another than that one should be finer than the rest.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"I","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking plogland","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of plogland","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"plogland","lemma":"plogland","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of är","gloss":"plowed field"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of detta","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"clause modifying plogland","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on plogland","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"fadern","lemma":"far","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of är","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vikt","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"större","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"modifies vikt","gloss":"bigger"},{"surface":"vikt","lemma":"vikt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies det","gloss":"importance"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of passar","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of fårorna","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"fårorna","lemma":"fårorna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of passar","gloss":"the furrows"},{"surface":"passar","lemma":"passa","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"depends on är","gloss":"fit"},{"surface":"väl","lemma":"väl","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies passar","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"intill","lemma":"intill","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking varandra","gloss":"next to"},{"surface":"varandra","lemma":"varandra","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"oblique complement of passar","gloss":"each other"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of förmer","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase än","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of förmer","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to förmer","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"förmer","lemma":"förm","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on passar","gloss":"superior","note":"Comparative of förnämlig (\"more excellent\"); tagged as a verb here but functions as an adjective."},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of övriga","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of övriga","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"övriga","lemma":"övrig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"adverbial clause on förmer","gloss":"the others"}]},{"number":108,"label":"","id":"ch48-p29-s2","source":"Jag tror, att den, som kommer till de långa, smala sjöarna i Nordmarken och på Dal, måste erkänna, att han sällan har sett något skönare.","translation":"I think that whoever comes to the long, narrow lakes in Nordmarken and in Dal must admit that he has seldom seen anything more beautiful.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tror","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"tror","lemma":"tro","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"thinks"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of erkänna","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of erkänna","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of kommer","gloss":"whoever","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"kommer","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"comes"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sjöarna","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of sjöarna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"långa","lemma":"lång","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies sjöarna","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"smala","lemma":"smal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies sjöarna","gloss":"narrow"},{"surface":"sjöarna","lemma":"sjöarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of kommer","gloss":"the lakes"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Nordmarken","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Nordmarken","lemma":"Nordmarken","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"modifies sjöarna","gloss":"Nordmarken"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dal","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Dal","lemma":"Dal","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with Nordmarken","gloss":"Dal"},{"surface":"måste","lemma":"måste","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of erkänna","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"erkänna","lemma":"erkänna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of tror","gloss":"to admit"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sett","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sett","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"sällan","lemma":"sällan","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sett","gloss":"seldom"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of sett","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"sett","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"clausal complement of erkänna","gloss":"seen"},{"surface":"något","lemma":"någon","morphology":"adverb","role":"determiner of skönare","gloss":"anything"},{"surface":"skönare","lemma":"skönare","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"direct object of sett","gloss":"more beautiful"}]},{"number":109,"label":"","id":"ch48-p29-s3","source":"Men ändå ska han efteråt tycka om att se de ljusa, fruktbara trakterna omkring Glafsfjorden och Värmeln.","translation":"But afterward he will surely come to like seeing the bright, fertile districts around Glafsfjorden and Värmeln just as well.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ändå","lemma":"ändå","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tycka","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"ska","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tycka","gloss":"will"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tycka","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"efteråt","lemma":"efteråt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tycka","gloss":"afterward"},{"surface":"tycka","lemma":"tycka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to think"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on tycka","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of tycka","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of trakterna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"ljusa","lemma":"ljus","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies trakterna","gloss":"pale/light"},{"surface":"fruktbara","lemma":"fruktbar","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with ljusa","gloss":"fertile"},{"surface":"trakterna","lemma":"trakt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of se","gloss":"districts"},{"surface":"omkring","lemma":"omkring","morphology":"adverb","role":"preposition marking Glafsfjorden","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"Glafsfjorden","lemma":"Glafsfjorden","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of se","gloss":"Glafsfjorden","note":"Lake in Värmland."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Värmeln","lemma":"Värmel","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Glafsfjorden","gloss":"Värmeln"}]},{"number":110,"label":"","id":"ch48-p29-s4","source":"När han där har levat i öppen och glad bygd en tid, lär han tycka om att byta ut den mot de långa, trånga dalarna längs med Fryken och Klarälven.","translation":"When he has lived there in open, cheerful country for a while, he will likely come to enjoy trading it for the long, narrow valleys along the Fryken and the Klarälven.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"När","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of levat","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of levat","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies levat","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of levat","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"levat","lemma":"levat","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial clause on tycka","gloss":"lived","note":"Mistagged as a noun; this is the supine of the verb 'leva' ('to live')."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bygd","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"öppen","lemma":"öppen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies bygd","gloss":"open"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"glad","lemma":"glad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with öppen","gloss":"glad"},{"surface":"bygd","lemma":"bygd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies levat","gloss":"settlement"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of tid","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"tid","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of levat","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"lär","lemma":"lära","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tycka","gloss":"will likely"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tycka","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"tycka","lemma":"tycka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to think"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of byta","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of byta","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"byta","lemma":"byta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on tycka","gloss":"to trade"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on byta","gloss":"exchange"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of byta","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking långa","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of långa","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"långa","lemma":"lång","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies dalarna","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"trånga","lemma":"trång","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with långa","gloss":"narrow"},{"surface":"dalarna","lemma":"dal","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of byta","gloss":"valleys"},{"surface":"längs","lemma":"längs","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies byta","gloss":"along"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Fryken","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"Fryken","lemma":"fryk","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of byta","gloss":"Fryken"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Klarälven","lemma":"Klarälven","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with Fryken","gloss":"the Klarälven","note":"Name of the river Klarälven in Värmland."}]},{"number":111,"label":"","id":"ch48-p29-s5","source":"Och om han tröttnar också på dessa, blir han nog glad att träffa på de mångformade sjöarna i Bergslagerna, som vrider och slingrar sig och är så talrika, att ingen kan behålla dem i minnet.","translation":"And if he tires of these too, he will surely be glad to come upon the many-shaped lakes in Bergslagen, which twist and wind about and are so numerous that no one can hold them all in memory.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tröttnar","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tröttnar","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"tröttnar","lemma":"tröttna","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on blir","gloss":"tires"},{"surface":"också","lemma":"också","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tröttnar","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dessa","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"dessa","lemma":"denna","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"oblique complement of tröttnar","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"blir","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blir","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"nog","lemma":"nog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies blir","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"glad","lemma":"glad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of blir","gloss":"glad"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of träffa","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"träffa","lemma":"träffa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of blir","gloss":"to meet"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sjöarna","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of sjöarna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"mångformade","lemma":"mångforma","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies sjöarna","gloss":"many-shaped"},{"surface":"sjöarna","lemma":"sjöarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of träffa","gloss":"the lakes"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Bergslagerna","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Bergslagerna","lemma":"Bergslagerna","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"modifies sjöarna","gloss":"Bergslagen","note":"Proper name of the mining region."},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of vrider","gloss":"which","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"vrider","lemma":"vrida","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Bergslagerna","gloss":"twist"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"slingrar","lemma":"slingra","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with vrider","gloss":"winds"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of vrider","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to talrika","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies talrika","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"talrika","lemma":"talrik","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with blir","gloss":"numerous"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of behålla","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of behålla","gloss":"no one"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of behålla","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"behålla","lemma":"behålla","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on talrika","gloss":"to keep"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of behålla","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking minnet","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"minnet","lemma":"minn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of behålla","gloss":"memory"}]},{"number":112,"label":"","id":"ch48-p29-s6","source":"Efter de söndersplittrade sjöarna blir han säkert glad att möta en stor och vid vattenyta som Skagerns.","translation":"After the scattered lakes he will surely be glad to meet a great, wide sheet of water like Skagern.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sjöarna","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of sjöarna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"söndersplittrade","lemma":"söndersplittrad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies sjöarna","gloss":"fragmented"},{"surface":"sjöarna","lemma":"sjöarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of blir","gloss":"the lakes"},{"surface":"blir","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blir","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"säkert","lemma":"säker","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies glad","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"glad","lemma":"glad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of blir","gloss":"glad"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of möta","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"möta","lemma":"möta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of blir","gloss":"to meet"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of stor","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of möta","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vattenyta","gloss":"wide"},{"surface":"vattenyta","lemma":"vattenyta","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with möta","gloss":"water's surface"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of Skagerns","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"Skagerns","lemma":"Skagerns","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"in apposition to vattenyta","gloss":"Skagern's"}]},{"number":113,"label":"","id":"ch48-p29-s7","source":"Och nu vill jag säga er, att på samma sätt som med plogfåror är det med söner.","translation":"And now I will tell you that it is the same with sons as it is with furrows in a plowed field.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies säga","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"vill","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of säga","gloss":"want to"},{"surface":"jag","lemma":"jag","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of säga","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"säga","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to say"},{"surface":"er","lemma":"ni","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of säga","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of är","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sätt","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"samma","lemma":"samma","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of sätt","gloss":"the same"},{"surface":"sätt","lemma":"sätt","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of är","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of plogfåror","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking plogfåror","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"plogfåror","lemma":"plogfåra","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"clause modifying sätt","gloss":"plow furrows"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of säga","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of är","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking söner","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"söner","lemma":"sön","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of är","gloss":"sons"}]},{"number":114,"label":"","id":"ch48-p29-s8","source":"Ingen far blir glad över att en är förmer än de andra.","translation":"No father is glad when one is finer than the rest.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of far","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"far","lemma":"far","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blir","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"blir","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"glad","lemma":"glad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of blir","gloss":"glad"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of förmer","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of förmer","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of förmer","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to förmer","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"förmer","lemma":"förm","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on blir","gloss":"superior","note":"Comparative of förnämlig (\"more excellent\"); tagged as a verb here but functions as an adjective."},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of andra","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of andra","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"complement of blir","gloss":"others"}]},{"number":115,"label":"","id":"ch48-p29-s9","source":"Men kan han vända sina blickar med samma glädje från den yngste till den äldste, då känner han frid i sinnet’.»","translation":"But if he can turn his gaze with the same joy from the youngest to the eldest, then he feels peace in his heart.'\"","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of vända","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vända","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"vända","lemma":"vända","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to turn"},{"surface":"sina","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"possessor of blickar","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"blickar","lemma":"blicka","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"direct object of vända","gloss":"glances/eyes","note":"Every example shows 'blickar' as the plural noun (his/her glances/eyes), subject of 'föllo' — not the present-tense verb 'blickar' (glances/gazes). Morphology tag is mislabeled verb; the idiom is 'hans blickar föll på' = 'his eyes/glance fell on'."},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking glädje","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"samma","lemma":"samma","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of glädje","gloss":"the same"},{"surface":"glädje","lemma":"glädje","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of vända","gloss":"joy"},{"surface":"från","lemma":"från","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking yngste","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of yngste","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"yngste","lemma":"yngste","morphology":"adjective, nominative, masculine, singular","role":"oblique complement of vända","gloss":"youngest"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking äldste","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of äldste","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"äldste","lemma":"äldste","morphology":"adjective, nominative, masculine, singular, superlative","role":"oblique complement of vända","gloss":"the eldest"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies känner","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"känner","lemma":"känna","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"parallel clause to vända","gloss":"feels"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of känner","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"frid","lemma":"frid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of känner","gloss":"peace"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sinnet","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"sinnet","lemma":"sinn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of känner","gloss":"mind","note":"Appears in the idiom 'sätta sig i sinnet' (to set one's mind on something)."}]}]}