{"work":{"slug":"nils","title":{"source":"Nils Holgerssons underbara resa genom Sverige","translated":"The Wonderful Adventures of Nils"},"author":"Selma Lagerlöf","language":"Swedish","languageCode":"sv","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/nils"},"unit":{"kind":"chapter","number":null,"id":"ch51","title":{"source":"Havssilver","translated":"Sea Silver"},"section":"The Wonderful Adventures of Nils","summary":null,"url":"https://1732studios.com/books/nils/ch51","lines":83},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/books/nils/ch50","next":"https://1732studios.com/books/nils/ch52","license":"Source text: public domain (Selma Lagerlöf, d. 1940; first published 1906–1907). English translation: © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC — original draft, pending editorial review.","audioBase":null,"lines":[{"number":1,"label":"1","id":"ch51-p1-s1","source":"Havet är, som var man vet, vilt och påträngande, och den delen av Sverige, som är mest utsatt för dess anfall, skyddas därför sedan många tusen år tillbaka av en lång och bred stenmur, som kallas Bohuslän.","translation":"The sea is, as everyone knows, wild and encroaching, and so the part of Sweden most exposed to its assaults has therefore, for many thousand years now, been guarded by a long and broad stone wall, which is called Bohuslän.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Bohuslän","title":"A real Swedish province","body":"«Bohuslän» is the rocky, fjord-cut province on Sweden's west coast, north of Gothenburg — the setting for this whole chapter. Lagerlöf's geography lesson is real: the book doubles as a tour of Sweden's landscapes."},{"kind":"grammar","term":"skyddas","title":"The s-passive","body":"Adding «-s» turns a verb passive without needing «bli» or «vara»: «skyddas» = 'is protected'. The agent doing the protecting follows with «av»: «skyddas... av en... stenmur» = 'is protected... by a... stone wall'."}],"words":[{"surface":"Havet","lemma":"Hav","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of är","gloss":"sea"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of vet","gloss":"as","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of man","gloss":"was","note":"mistagged as a determiner; the surface 'var' here is the past tense of vara 'to be'."},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of vet","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"vet","lemma":"veta","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of är","gloss":"knows"},{"surface":"vilt","lemma":"vilt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with vet","gloss":"wild"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"påträngande","lemma":"påträngande","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"coordinated with vet","gloss":"encroaching"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of delen","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"delen","lemma":"del","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of passive skyddas","gloss":"part"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Sverige","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"Sverige","lemma":"Sverige","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"modifies delen","gloss":"Sweden"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of utsatt","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to utsatt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"mest","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies utsatt","gloss":"most"},{"surface":"utsatt","lemma":"utsätta","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"relative clause on delen","gloss":"exposed"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking anfall","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"dess","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of anfall","gloss":"its","note":"ch03-p50 example 'sedan dess' means 'since then', not possessive 'its' — pinning the gloss to 'its' teaches a lie for that collocation."},{"surface":"anfall","lemma":"anfall","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of utsatt","gloss":"attack"},{"surface":"skyddas","lemma":"skydda","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"parallel clause to är","gloss":"is guarded"},{"surface":"därför","lemma":"därför","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies skyddas","gloss":"therefore"},{"surface":"sedan","lemma":"sedan","morphology":"adverb","role":"preposition marking år","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"många","lemma":"många","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies tusen","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"tusen","lemma":"tusen","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies år","gloss":"thousand"},{"surface":"år","lemma":"år","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"part of the phrase därför","gloss":"years"},{"surface":"tillbaka","lemma":"tillbaka","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies år","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking stenmur","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of stenmur","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"lång","lemma":"lång","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies stenmur","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bred","lemma":"bred","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with lång","gloss":"broad"},{"surface":"stenmur","lemma":"stenmur","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies år","gloss":"stone wall"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of passive kallas","gloss":"which","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"kallas","lemma":"kalla","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"depends on skyddas","gloss":"is called"},{"surface":"Bohuslän","lemma":"Bohuslän","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"complement of kallas","gloss":"Bohuslän","note":"Swedish coastal province."}]},{"number":2,"label":"2","id":"ch51-p2-s1","source":"Muren är så pass bred, att den täcker hela landet mellan Dalsland och havet, men, såsom det brukar vara fallet med strandskoningar och vågbrytare, är den inte särdeles hög.","translation":"The wall is broad enough that it covers the whole stretch of land between Dalsland and the sea, but, as is usually the case with breakwaters and sea defenses, it is not especially high.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Muren","lemma":"Muren","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bred","gloss":"the wall"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to bred","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bred","gloss":"enough"},{"surface":"pass","lemma":"pass","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"part of the phrase så","gloss":"enough","note":"functions as a degree particle here, not the noun 'pass'."},{"surface":"bred","lemma":"bred","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"broad"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of täcker","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of täcker","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"täcker","lemma":"täcka","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on bred","gloss":"covers"},{"surface":"hela","lemma":"hel","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies landet","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"landet","lemma":"land","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of täcker","gloss":"land"},{"surface":"mellan","lemma":"mellan","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Dalsland","gloss":"between"},{"surface":"Dalsland","lemma":"Dalsland","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of täcker","gloss":"Dalsland"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"havet","lemma":"hav","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with Dalsland","gloss":"sea"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"såsom","lemma":"såsom","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of brukar","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with brukar","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"brukar","lemma":"bruka","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with bred","gloss":"tends to"},{"surface":"vara","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to fallet","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"fallet","lemma":"fall","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of brukar","gloss":"case"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking strandskoningar","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"strandskoningar","lemma":"strandskoning","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies fallet","gloss":"sea defenses"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vågbrytare","lemma":"vågbrytare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with strandskoningar","gloss":"breakwaters"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to särdeles","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of särdeles","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies särdeles","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"särdeles","lemma":"särdeles","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with bred","gloss":"especially"},{"surface":"hög","lemma":"hög","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of särdeles","gloss":"tall"}]},{"number":3,"label":"","id":"ch51-p2-s2","source":"Den är uppförd av ansenliga stenblock, och på sina ställen äro hela långa bergåsar inlagda i den.","translation":"It is built of massive blocks of stone, and in places whole long mountain ridges are set into it.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"äro","title":"Archaic plural verb — register flag","body":"Pre-1906-reform Swedish still marked verbs for a plural subject: «äro» is the old plural of «är» ('are'), used because «bergåsar» ('mountain ridges') is plural. Modern Swedish dropped this and uses «är» for every subject; Lagerlöf's original is full of these forms — «äro», «voro», «gingo», «foro»."}],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of uppförd","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to uppförd","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"uppförd","lemma":"uppföra","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"built","note":"Mistagged as an adjective; surface 'uppförd' is the past participle of uppföra (to build/erect)."},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking stenblock","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"ansenliga","lemma":"ansenlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies stenblock","gloss":"imposing"},{"surface":"stenblock","lemma":"stenblock","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"agent of uppförd","gloss":"boulders"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ställen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"sina","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"possessor of ställen","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"ställen","lemma":"ställe","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of uppförd","gloss":"places"},{"surface":"äro","lemma":"äro","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to inlagda","gloss":"are","note":"Old plural present tense of vara ('to be')."},{"surface":"hela","lemma":"hel","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies bergåsar","gloss":"whole/all"},{"surface":"långa","lemma":"lång","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies bergåsar","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"bergåsar","lemma":"bergås","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of inlagda","gloss":"ridges"},{"surface":"inlagda","lemma":"inlagd","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with uppförd","gloss":"set into"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking den","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of inlagda","gloss":"it"}]},{"number":4,"label":"","id":"ch51-p2-s3","source":"Det gick väl heller inte an att bygga med småstenar, när det gällde att mot havet resa ett värn, som skulle sträcka sig från Iddefjorden till Göta älv.","translation":"Nor, indeed, would it have done to build with small stones, when it was a matter of raising against the sea a rampart that was to stretch from the Idde Fjord to the Göta River.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Iddefjorden... Göta älv","title":"The province's real borders","body":"The wall Lagerlöf describes is imagined to run the actual length of Bohuslän: from the «Iddefjorden» (a fjord on the Norwegian border) down to the «Göta älv», the major river that meets the sea at Gothenburg."}],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of gick","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"gick","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"väl","lemma":"väl","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gick","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"heller","lemma":"heller","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gick","gloss":"either"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies gick","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"an","lemma":"an","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gick","gloss":"done","note":"Used only in the fixed idiom 'gå an' meaning 'to be all right/permitted'."},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of bygga","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"bygga","lemma":"bygga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on gick","gloss":"to build"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking småstenar","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"småstenar","lemma":"småsten","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of bygga","gloss":"small stones"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of resa","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"part of the phrase när","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"gällde","lemma":"gälla","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"part of the phrase när","gloss":"was a matter"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"part of the phrase när","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking havet","gloss":"against"},{"surface":"havet","lemma":"hav","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of resa","gloss":"sea"},{"surface":"resa","lemma":"resa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on gick","gloss":"to travel"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of värn","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"värn","lemma":"värn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of resa","gloss":"rampart"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of sträcka","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of sträcka","gloss":"was to"},{"surface":"sträcka","lemma":"sträcka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"relative clause on värn","gloss":"to stretch","note":"ch05-p4-s3 ('Ingen den minsta sträcka land...') uses 'sträcka' as the noun (a strip/stretch of land, translated 'strip of land'), not the infinitive verb — a mistagged example under this verb key. The other three examples (stretch up necks / reach out a hand / fly back and forth) do belong to the verb and are covered by the listed senses."},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of sträcka","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"från","lemma":"från","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Iddefjorden","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"Iddefjorden","lemma":"Iddefjord","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sträcka","gloss":"the Idde Fjord"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Göta","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Göta","lemma":"Göta","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of sträcka","gloss":"Göta","note":"Part of place names Göta kanal / Göta älv."},{"surface":"älv","lemma":"älv","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"depends on Göta","gloss":"river"}]},{"number":5,"label":"3","id":"ch51-p3-s1","source":"Sådana stora byggnadsverk utföras ju inte mer i våra dagar, och det är säkert, att muren är ofantligt gammal.","translation":"Such great works of building are, of course, no longer carried out in our own days, and it is certain that the wall is immensely old.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sådana","lemma":"sån","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies byggnadsverk","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"stora","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies byggnadsverk","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"byggnadsverk","lemma":"byggnadsverk","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of passive utföras","gloss":"structures"},{"surface":"utföras","lemma":"utföra","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"are carried out"},{"surface":"ju","lemma":"ju","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies utföras","gloss":"of course"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies utföras","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"mer","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies utföras","gloss":"longer"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dagar","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"våra","lemma":"vi","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"possessor of dagar","gloss":"our","note":"Possessive form våra of the plural pronoun vi."},{"surface":"dagar","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of utföras","gloss":"days"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with säkert","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to säkert","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"säkert","lemma":"säker","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with utföras","gloss":"surely","note":"used adverbially, 'certainly/surely'."},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of gammal","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"muren","lemma":"mure","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gammal","gloss":"the wall","note":"Definite form 'muren' of 'mur' (wall)."},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to gammal","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ofantligt","lemma":"ofantlig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gammal","gloss":"immensely"},{"surface":"gammal","lemma":"gammal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"depends on säkert","gloss":"old"}]},{"number":6,"label":"","id":"ch51-p3-s2","source":"Det är heller inte utan, att den har blivit illa åtgången av tiden.","translation":"Nor is it without truth that time has dealt harshly with it.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"har blivit","title":"Perfect tense with the supine","body":"«har blivit» ('has become/been') pairs «har» with the supine form «blivit» of «bli» — Swedish's standard present-perfect, marking a past event still relevant now (the wall's ongoing decay), unlike a plain preterite like «foro» ('they went')."}],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of inte","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to inte","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"heller","lemma":"heller","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies inte","gloss":"either"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"utan","lemma":"utan","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but rather","note":"follows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened."},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of blivit","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blivit","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of blivit","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"blivit","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with inte","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"illa","lemma":"illa","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies åtgången","gloss":"badly"},{"surface":"åtgången","lemma":"åtgång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of blivit","gloss":"battered"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tiden","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"tiden","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies åtgången","gloss":"time"}]},{"number":7,"label":"","id":"ch51-p3-s3","source":"De stora blocken ligga numera inte så tätt intill varandra, som de töra ha gjort från början.","translation":"The great blocks no longer lie as close together as they likely did at the start.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ligga","title":"Archaic plural present tense","body":"«De stora blocken ligga» uses the old plural present form «ligga» because the subject «blocken» is plural; a singular subject would take «ligger». Modern Swedish uses «ligger» for both — this present-tense plural agreement is a second archaic pattern alongside the plural-preterite forms («äro», «foro»)."}],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of blocken","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"stora","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies blocken","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"blocken","lemma":"block","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of ligga","gloss":"boulders"},{"surface":"ligga","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to lie"},{"surface":"numera","lemma":"numera","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ligga","gloss":"nowadays"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies ligga","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tätt","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"tätt","lemma":"tätt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ligga","gloss":"close"},{"surface":"intill","lemma":"intill","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking varandra","gloss":"next to"},{"surface":"varandra","lemma":"varandra","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"oblique complement of ligga","gloss":"each other"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of gjort","gloss":"as","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"determiner of töra","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"töra","lemma":"töra","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"subject of gjort","gloss":"likely"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of gjort","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"gjort","lemma":"göra","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on ligga","gloss":"done"},{"surface":"från","lemma":"från","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking början","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"början","lemma":"början","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of gjort","gloss":"beginning"}]},{"number":8,"label":"","id":"ch51-p3-s4","source":"Det har bildats sprickor mellan dem, så breda och djupa, att både åkrar och hus få rum på deras botten.","translation":"Cracks have formed between them, so wide and so deep that both fields and houses find room at their bottom.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with bildats","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of bildats","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"bildats","lemma":"bilda","morphology":"verb, passive, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"been formed"},{"surface":"sprickor","lemma":"spricka","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of passive bildats","gloss":"cracks"},{"surface":"mellan","lemma":"mellan","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"between"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"oblique complement of bildats","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies breda","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"breda","lemma":"bred","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"adverbial clause on bildats","gloss":"broad"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"djupa","lemma":"djup","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with breda","gloss":"deep"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of få","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"både","lemma":"både","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"both"},{"surface":"åkrar","lemma":"åkra","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"part of the phrase att","gloss":"fields"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hus","lemma":"hus","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"coordinated with åkrar","gloss":"houses"},{"surface":"få","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on breda","gloss":"fit"},{"surface":"rum","lemma":"rum","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of få","gloss":"room"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking botten","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"deras","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of botten","gloss":"their","note":"possessive form deras of the plural pronoun de."},{"surface":"botten","lemma":"botten","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of få","gloss":"bottom"}]},{"number":9,"label":"","id":"ch51-p3-s5","source":"Men stenblocken ligga i alla fall inte längre isär, än att man väl ser, att de en gång ha tillhört en och samma mur.","translation":"But the stone blocks do not, in any case, lie so far apart that one cannot see they once belonged to one and the same wall.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"stenblocken","lemma":"stenblock","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of ligga","gloss":"boulders"},{"surface":"ligga","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to lie"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fall","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of fall","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"fall","lemma":"fall","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of ligga","gloss":"cases"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies isär","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"längre","lemma":"länge","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies isär","gloss":"farther"},{"surface":"isär","lemma":"isär","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial clause on ligga","gloss":"apart"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ser","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ser","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ser","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"väl","lemma":"väl","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ser","gloss":"clearly"},{"surface":"ser","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on ligga","gloss":"sees"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tillhört","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of tillhört","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of gång","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gång","lemma":"gång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of tillhört","gloss":"once"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of tillhört","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"tillhört","lemma":"tillhöra","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"clausal complement of ser","gloss":"belonged"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"numeral, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"quantifies mur","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"part of the phrase en","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"samma","lemma":"samma","morphology":"determiner","role":"determiner of mur","gloss":"the same"},{"surface":"mur","lemma":"mur","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tillhört","gloss":"wall"}]},{"number":10,"label":"4","id":"ch51-p4-s1","source":"Inåt land är den stora muren bäst bibehållen.","translation":"Inland, the great wall is best preserved.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Inåt","lemma":"inåt","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of land","gloss":"inland"},{"surface":"land","lemma":"land","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of bibehållen","gloss":"land"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to bibehållen","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of muren","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stora","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies muren","gloss":"big","note":"weak/definite form (stora), used with a singular definite noun, e.g. den stora länstolen."},{"surface":"muren","lemma":"mure","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bibehållen","gloss":"the wall","note":"Definite form 'muren' of 'mur' (wall)."},{"surface":"bäst","lemma":"bra","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bibehållen","gloss":"best"},{"surface":"bibehållen","lemma":"bibehåll","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"preserved"}]},{"number":11,"label":"","id":"ch51-p4-s2","source":"Där går den fram hel och obruten långa sträckor.","translation":"There it runs on whole and unbroken for long stretches.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies går","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"går","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"goes"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of går","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on går","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"hel","lemma":"hel","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies sträckor","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"obruten","lemma":"obrut","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with hel","gloss":"unbroken"},{"surface":"långa","lemma":"lång","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies sträckor","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"sträckor","lemma":"sträcka","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of går","gloss":"stretches"}]},{"number":12,"label":"","id":"ch51-p4-s3","source":"Längs mitten löpa långa, djupa springor med sjöar på bottnen, och fram mot kusten är den så sönderfallen, att vart block ligger som en kulle för sig.","translation":"Along the middle run long, deep clefts with lakes at their bottom, and out toward the coast it has crumbled so much that every block lies like a hill of its own.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Längs","lemma":"Längs","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"along"},{"surface":"mitten","lemma":"mitt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of löpa","gloss":"the middle"},{"surface":"löpa","lemma":"löpa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"run"},{"surface":"långa","lemma":"lång","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies springor","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"djupa","lemma":"djup","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with långa","gloss":"deep"},{"surface":"springor","lemma":"springa","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of löpa","gloss":"cracks"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sjöar","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sjöar","lemma":"sjö","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies springor","gloss":"lakes"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bottnen","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"bottnen","lemma":"bottn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"modifies sjöar","gloss":"the bottom"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sönderfallen","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking kusten","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"kusten","lemma":"kust","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of fram","gloss":"coast"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to sönderfallen","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"expletive with sönderfallen","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sönderfallen","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"sönderfallen","lemma":"sönderfall","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with sjöar","gloss":"crumbled"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ligger","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"vart","lemma":"vart","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"modifies ligger","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"block","lemma":"block","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of ligger","gloss":"the boulder"},{"surface":"ligger","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on löpa","gloss":"lies"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kulle","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of kulle","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"kulle","lemma":"kulle","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"complement of ligger","gloss":"hillock"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sig","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"oblique complement of ligger","gloss":"itself"}]},{"number":13,"label":"5","id":"ch51-p5-s1","source":"Det är, först när man ser den nere vid kusten, som man riktigt begriper, att den stora muren inte står, där den står, bara för ro skull.","translation":"It is only when one sees it down by the coast that one truly understands the great wall does not stand where it stands merely for the sake of standing.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to Det","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"först","lemma":"först","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ser","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ser","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ser","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"ser","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on är","gloss":"sees"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of ser","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"nere","lemma":"nere","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ser","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking kusten","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"kusten","lemma":"kust","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ser","gloss":"coast"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of begriper","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of begriper","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"riktigt","lemma":"riktig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies begriper","gloss":"truly"},{"surface":"begriper","lemma":"begripa","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on kusten","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of står","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of muren","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stora","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies muren","gloss":"big","note":"weak/definite form (stora), used with a singular definite noun, e.g. den stora länstolen."},{"surface":"muren","lemma":"mur","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of står","gloss":"wall"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies står","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"står","lemma":"stå","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of begriper","gloss":"stands"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies står","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of står","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"står","lemma":"stå","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on står","gloss":"stands"},{"surface":"bara","lemma":"bara","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies står","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on står","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"ro","lemma":"ro","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase för","gloss":"peace"},{"surface":"skull","lemma":"skull","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase för","gloss":"sake","note":"only occurs in the fixed phrase för ... skull 'for the sake of'."}]},{"number":14,"label":"","id":"ch51-p5-s2","source":"Så stark den än måtte ha varit från början, har havet brutit igenom den på en sex, sju ställen och sänt in fjordar, som äro flera mil långa.","translation":"However strong it may have been at the outset, the sea has broken through it at some six or seven places and sent in fjords that run several miles long.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stark","gloss":"however"},{"surface":"stark","lemma":"stark","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial clause on brutit","gloss":"strong"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of stark","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of måtte","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"måtte","lemma":"måtte","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial clause on stark","gloss":"must","note":"Modal verb (cognate of måste), mistagged as adverb. Bare måtte means \"must\"; the perfect sense (\"must have\") comes only from an adjacent ha + supine, as in the måtte komma sig example, which translates as plain \"must.\""},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of varit","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"varit","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on stark","gloss":"been"},{"surface":"från","lemma":"från","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking början","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"början","lemma":"början","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of varit","gloss":"beginning"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of brutit","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"havet","lemma":"hav","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of brutit","gloss":"sea"},{"surface":"brutit","lemma":"bruta","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"broken"},{"surface":"igenom","lemma":"igenom","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on brutit","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of brutit","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sex","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of sex","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"sex","lemma":"sex","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"modifies den","gloss":"six"},{"surface":"sju","lemma":"sju","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies ställen","gloss":"seven"},{"surface":"ställen","lemma":"ställe","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"coordinated with den","gloss":"places"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sänt","lemma":"sän","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with den","gloss":"sent"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on sänt","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"fjordar","lemma":"fjord","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of sänt","gloss":"fjords"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of långa","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"äro","lemma":"äro","morphology":"adverb","role":"copula linking to långa","gloss":"are","note":"Archaic plural present tense of vara (they are), not an adverb."},{"surface":"flera","lemma":"flera","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies mil","gloss":"several"},{"surface":"mil","lemma":"mil","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of långa","gloss":"miles","note":"Swedish mil = 10 km; conventionally rendered 'mile(s)' in translation."},{"surface":"långa","lemma":"lång","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"relative clause on brutit","gloss":"long"}]},{"number":15,"label":"","id":"ch51-p5-s3","source":"Det yttersta av den står till och med under vatten, så att endast den översta delen av klippblocken ligger i dagen.","translation":"The outermost part of it stands even under water, so that only the uppermost part of the rock blocks lies above ground.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of yttersta","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"yttersta","lemma":"yttersta","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"subject of står","gloss":"outermost"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking den","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"modifies yttersta","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"står","lemma":"stå","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stands"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on står","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"part of the phrase till","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"part of the phrase till","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"under","lemma":"under","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vatten","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"vatten","lemma":"vatten","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of står","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of ligger","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase så","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"endast","lemma":"endast","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies delen","gloss":"only"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of delen","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"översta","lemma":"översta","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"modifies delen","gloss":"topmost"},{"surface":"delen","lemma":"del","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ligger","gloss":"part"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking klippblocken","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"klippblocken","lemma":"klippblock","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies delen","gloss":"the rock blocks"},{"surface":"ligger","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on står","gloss":"lies"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dagen","gloss":"above ground"},{"surface":"dagen","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ligger","gloss":"day"}]},{"number":16,"label":"","id":"ch51-p5-s4","source":"På så sätt har det uppkommit en mängd stora och små öar, som bilda en skärgård, och denna får ta emot de värsta anloppen av storm och hav.","translation":"In this way there has arisen a multitude of large and small islands, which form an archipelago, and it is this archipelago that must bear the worst assaults of storm and sea.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"På","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies uppkommit","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase På","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"sätt","lemma":"sätt","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"part of the phrase På","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of uppkommit","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of uppkommit","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"uppkommit","lemma":"uppkomma","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"arisen"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of mängd","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"mängd","lemma":"mängd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies stora","gloss":"a great many"},{"surface":"stora","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies uppkommit","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"små","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies öar","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"öar","lemma":"öar","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with stora","gloss":"islands"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of bilda","gloss":"which","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"bilda","lemma":"bilda","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"relative clause on öar","gloss":"form"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of skärgård","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"skärgård","lemma":"skärgård","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of bilda","gloss":"archipelago"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"denna","lemma":"denna","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ta","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"får","lemma":"få","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ta","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"ta","lemma":"ta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with uppkommit","gloss":"to take"},{"surface":"emot","lemma":"emot","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on ta","gloss":"bear"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of anloppen","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"värsta","lemma":"värsta","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"modifies anloppen","gloss":"worst"},{"surface":"anloppen","lemma":"anlopp","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of ta","gloss":"assaults"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking storm","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"storm","lemma":"storm","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies anloppen","gloss":"storm"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hav","lemma":"hav","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with storm","gloss":"sea"}]},{"number":17,"label":"6","id":"ch51-p6-s1","source":"Nu skulle man väl tycka, att ett landskap, som egentligen bara består av en stor stenmur, borde vara alldeles ofruktbart, så att inga människor kunde finna sin bärgning där.","translation":"Now one might well think that a province which really consists of nothing but a great stone wall ought to be altogether barren, so that no people could make their living there.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tycka","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of tycka","gloss":"might"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of tycka","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"väl","lemma":"väl","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies tycka","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"tycka","lemma":"tycka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to think"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ofruktbart","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of landskap","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"landskap","lemma":"landskap","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of ofruktbart","gloss":"province"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of består","gloss":"which","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"egentligen","lemma":"egentligen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies består","gloss":"really"},{"surface":"bara","lemma":"bara","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies består","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"består","lemma":"bestå","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on landskap","gloss":"consists of"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking stenmur","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of stenmur","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stor","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies stenmur","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"stenmur","lemma":"stenmur","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of består","gloss":"stone wall"},{"surface":"borde","lemma":"böra","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ofruktbart","gloss":"ought to","note":"Bare borde is simple past modal (\"ought to\"/\"should\"); the perfect sense (\"ought to have\") only appears when borde is followed by ha + supine in the sentence, as in three of the four examples — the fourth (\"borde släppa taget\") has no ha and translates as plain \"ought to.\""},{"surface":"vara","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"copula linking to ofruktbart","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"alldeles","lemma":"alldeles","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ofruktbart","gloss":"quite"},{"surface":"ofruktbart","lemma":"ofruktbar","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"clausal complement of tycka","gloss":"barren"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of finna","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase så","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"inga","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of människor","gloss":"no/none"},{"surface":"människor","lemma":"människa","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of finna","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of finna","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"finna","lemma":"finna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on ofruktbart","gloss":"find"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of bärgning","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"bärgning","lemma":"bärgning","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of finna","gloss":"living"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies finna","gloss":"there"}]},{"number":18,"label":"","id":"ch51-p6-s2","source":"Men det är inte så farligt med den saken, för fastän det är naket och kalt uppe på kullar och bergvidder i Bohuslän, har det till gengäld samlats mycken god och fruktbar mylla i alla rämnor, och det går förträffligt att driva jordbruk där, om än tegarna inte äro så särdeles vida.","translation":"But the matter is not so dire, for although it is bare and bleak up on the hills and rocky expanses of Bohuslän, much good and fertile soil has, in return, gathered in every crevice, and farming can be carried on there splendidly, even if the plots of land are not especially wide.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of farligt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to farligt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies farligt","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies farligt","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"farligt","lemma":"farlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"dangerous"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking saken","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of saken","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"saken","lemma":"sak","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of farligt","gloss":"thing"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of naket","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"fastän","lemma":"fastän","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of naket","gloss":"although"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of naket","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to naket","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"naket","lemma":"naket","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"adverbial clause on farligt","gloss":"bare"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"kalt","lemma":"kal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with naket","gloss":"bare"},{"surface":"uppe","lemma":"uppe","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies naket","gloss":"up high"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking kullar","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"kullar","lemma":"kull","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of naket","gloss":"hills"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"bergvidder","lemma":"bergvidd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with kullar","gloss":"mountain expanses"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Bohuslän","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Bohuslän","lemma":"Bohuslän","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"modifies bergvidder","gloss":"Bohuslän","note":"Swedish coastal province."},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with farligt","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of har","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies samlats","gloss":"in return"},{"surface":"gengäld","lemma":"gengäld","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase till","gloss":"return","note":"used in the phrase 'till gengäld', 'in return'."},{"surface":"samlats","lemma":"samla","morphology":"verb, passive, supine","role":"complement of har","gloss":"gathered"},{"surface":"mycken","lemma":"mycken","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies god","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"god","lemma":"god","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies mylla","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fruktbar","lemma":"fruktbar","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with god","gloss":"fertile"},{"surface":"mylla","lemma":"mylla","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of har","gloss":"soil","note":"Despite the infinitive tag, every occurrence is the noun 'soil/loam', not the verb."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rämnor","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of rämnor","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"rämnor","lemma":"rämna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of mylla","gloss":"crevices"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with går","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"går","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with farligt","gloss":"goes"},{"surface":"förträffligt","lemma":"förträfflig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"complement of går","gloss":"splendid"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of driva","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"driva","lemma":"driva","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on går","gloss":"to drive"},{"surface":"jordbruk","lemma":"jordbruk","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of driva","gloss":"agriculture"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies driva","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of särdeles","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of tegarna","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"tegarna","lemma":"tegarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of särdeles","gloss":"the field plots"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies särdeles","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"äro","lemma":"äro","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase inte","gloss":"are","note":"Archaic plural present tense of vara (they are), not an adverb."},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies särdeles","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"särdeles","lemma":"särdela","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with farligt","gloss":"especially","note":"Old spelling of särdeles."},{"surface":"vida","lemma":"vid","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"complement of särdeles","gloss":"wide"}]},{"number":19,"label":"","id":"ch51-p6-s3","source":"Det brukar inte heller vara så kalla vintrar vid havskusten som inne i landet, och på platser, som äro skyddade för vinden, trivas ömtåliga träd och andra växter, som eljest knappast vilja gå till så långt i söder som i Skåne.","translation":"Nor are the winters usually as cold along the sea coast as inland, and in places sheltered from the wind, delicate trees and other plants thrive that would otherwise scarcely grow as far south even as Skåne.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Skåne","title":"Sweden's southern tip","body":"«Skåne» is Sweden's southernmost province, its mildest climate — so noting that Bohuslän's sheltered coves can out-do even Skåne for delicate plants is a real point of local pride."}],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of brukar","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"brukar","lemma":"bruka","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"tends to"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies brukar","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"heller","lemma":"heller","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies brukar","gloss":"either"},{"surface":"vara","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of kalla","gloss":"be"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kalla","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"kalla","lemma":"kalla","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of brukar","gloss":"cold","note":"Mislemmatized: both examples ('det kalla nattkvarteret', 'i den kalla marsnatten') show the definite/inflected adjective 'kall' ('cold'), not the verb kalla ('to call'). Gloss corrected to match the attested adjective use."},{"surface":"vintrar","lemma":"vintr","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of kalla","gloss":"winters"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking havskusten","gloss":"along"},{"surface":"havskusten","lemma":"havskust","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kalla","gloss":"the sea coast"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of kalla","gloss":"as","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"inne","lemma":"inne","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kalla","gloss":"inland"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking landet","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"landet","lemma":"land","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of inne","gloss":"land"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking platser","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"platser","lemma":"plats","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with brukar","gloss":"places"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of skyddade","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"äro","lemma":"äro","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to skyddade","gloss":"are","note":"Old plural present tense of vara ('to be')."},{"surface":"skyddade","lemma":"skydda","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"relative clause on platser","gloss":"sheltered"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vinden","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"vinden","lemma":"vind","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of skyddade","gloss":"wind","note":"vind is a true homograph: 'attic/loft' and 'wind' are unrelated words with identical form."},{"surface":"trivas","lemma":"trivas","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with skyddade","gloss":"to thrive"},{"surface":"ömtåliga","lemma":"ömtålig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies träd","gloss":"delicate"},{"surface":"träd","lemma":"träd","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of trivas","gloss":"trees"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies växter","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"växter","lemma":"växt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with träd","gloss":"plants"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of gå","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"eljest","lemma":"eljest","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gå","gloss":"otherwise"},{"surface":"knappast","lemma":"knappast","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gå","gloss":"hardly"},{"surface":"vilja","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of gå","gloss":"to want"},{"surface":"gå","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"relative clause on växter","gloss":"go"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on gå","gloss":"successfully"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies långt","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"långt","lemma":"långt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gå","gloss":"far"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies gå","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"söder","lemma":"söder","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase i","gloss":"south"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of Skåne","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Skåne","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Skåne","lemma":"Skåne","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of gå","gloss":"Skåne"}]},{"number":20,"label":"7","id":"ch51-p7-s1","source":"Inte heller får man glömma, att Bohuslän ligger vid gränsen av den stora allmänningen, som är gemensam egendom för alla jordens folk.","translation":"Nor must one forget that Bohuslän lies at the edge of the great common land that is the shared property of all the peoples of the earth.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies heller","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"heller","lemma":"heller","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies glömma","gloss":"either"},{"surface":"får","lemma":"få","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of glömma","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of glömma","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"glömma","lemma":"glömma","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to forget"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ligger","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"Bohuslän","lemma":"Bohuslän","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of ligger","gloss":"Bohuslän","note":"Swedish coastal province."},{"surface":"ligger","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of glömma","gloss":"lies"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gränsen","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"gränsen","lemma":"gräns","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ligger","gloss":"border"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking allmänningen","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of allmänningen","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"stora","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies allmänningen","gloss":"big","note":"weak/definite form (stora), used with a singular definite noun, e.g. den stora länstolen."},{"surface":"allmänningen","lemma":"allmänning","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies gränsen","gloss":"the common land"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of egendom","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to egendom","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"gemensam","lemma":"gemensam","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies egendom","gloss":"shared"},{"surface":"egendom","lemma":"egendom","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"relative clause on gränsen","gloss":"estate"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking folk","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of jordens","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"jordens","lemma":"jord","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of folk","gloss":"earth's"},{"surface":"folk","lemma":"folk","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of egendom","gloss":"people"}]},{"number":21,"label":"","id":"ch51-p7-s2","source":"Bohuslänningarna kunna färdas på vägar, som de inte behöva bygga eller laga.","translation":"The people of Bohuslän can travel on roads that they need neither build nor mend.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Bohuslänningarna","lemma":"bohuslänning","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of passive färdas","gloss":"people of Bohuslän"},{"surface":"kunna","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of färdas","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"färdas","lemma":"färda","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"travel"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vägar","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"vägar","lemma":"väg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of färdas","gloss":"roads"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"direct object of bygga","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of bygga","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies bygga","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"behöva","lemma":"behöva","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of bygga","gloss":"to need to"},{"surface":"bygga","lemma":"bygga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"relative clause on vägar","gloss":"to build"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"laga","lemma":"laga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with bygga","gloss":"to mend"}]},{"number":22,"label":"","id":"ch51-p7-s3","source":"De kunna fånga in hjordar, som de inte behöva valla och vårda, och deras farkoster fraktas av dragare, som de inte behöva ge foder och stallrum.","translation":"They can round up herds that they need neither herd nor tend, and their vessels are carried by draft-beasts that they need give neither fodder nor stable.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of fånga","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"kunna","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of fånga","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"fånga","lemma":"fånga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to catch"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on fånga","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"hjordar","lemma":"hjord","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of fånga","gloss":"herds"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of valla","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of valla","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies valla","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"behöva","lemma":"behöva","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of valla","gloss":"to need to"},{"surface":"valla","lemma":"valla","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"relative clause on hjordar","gloss":"to herd"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vårda","lemma":"vårda","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with valla","gloss":"tend"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"deras","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of farkoster","gloss":"their","note":"possessive form deras of the plural pronoun de."},{"surface":"farkoster","lemma":"farkost","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of passive fraktas","gloss":"vessels"},{"surface":"fraktas","lemma":"frakta","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"coordinated with fånga","gloss":"are carried"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dragare","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"dragare","lemma":"dragare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"agent of fraktas","gloss":"draft beast"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of ge","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of ge","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies ge","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"behöva","lemma":"behöva","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of ge","gloss":"to need to"},{"surface":"ge","lemma":"ge","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"relative clause on dragare","gloss":"to give"},{"surface":"foder","lemma":"foder","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of ge","gloss":"fodder"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"stallrum","lemma":"stallrum","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"coordinated with foder","gloss":"stabling"}]},{"number":23,"label":"","id":"ch51-p7-s4","source":"Därför äro de inte så beroende av jordbruk och boskapsskötsel som andra.","translation":"That is why they are not as dependent on farming and cattle-raising as others are.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Därför","lemma":"därför","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies äro","gloss":"that is why"},{"surface":"äro","lemma":"äro","morphology":"adverb","role":"copula linking to beroende","gloss":"are","note":"Archaic plural present tense of vara (they are), not an adverb."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of beroende","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies beroende","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies beroende","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"beroende","lemma":"beroende","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"dependent"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking jordbruk","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"jordbruk","lemma":"jordbruk","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of beroende","gloss":"agriculture"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"boskapsskötsel","lemma":"boskapsskötsel","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"coordinated with jordbruk","gloss":"cattle-raising"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of andra","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"clause modifying boskapsskötsel","gloss":"others"}]},{"number":24,"label":"","id":"ch51-p7-s5","source":"De frukta inte för att slå sig ner på stormpiskade skär, där det inte växer ett grönt strå, eller på smala strandremsor nedanför kustbergen, där det knappast finns utrymme för en potatistäppa, därför att de veta, att det stora, rika havet kan ge dem allt, vad de behöva.","translation":"They are not afraid to settle on storm-whipped skerries, where not a green blade grows, or on narrow strips of shore beneath the coastal cliffs, where there is scarcely room for a potato patch, because they know that the great, rich sea can give them all that they need.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"slå sig ner","title":"Reflexive + particle verb","body":"«slå sig ner» literally 'strike oneself down' means 'to settle, to establish oneself' — the reflexive «sig» plus the particle «ner» together give the verb its idiomatic sense, distinct from plain «slå» ('to strike/hit')."}],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of frukta","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"frukta","lemma":"frukt","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"are afraid"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies frukta","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of slå","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of slå","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"slå","lemma":"slå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on frukta","gloss":"settle"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of slå","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies slå","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skär","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"stormpiskade","lemma":"stormpiska","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies skär","gloss":"storm-lashed"},{"surface":"skär","lemma":"skära","morphology":"noun, common gender","role":"oblique complement of slå","gloss":"skerries"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies växer","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of växer","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies växer","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"växer","lemma":"växa","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on skär","gloss":"grows"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of strå","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"grönt","lemma":"grön","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies strå","gloss":"green"},{"surface":"strå","lemma":"strå","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of växer","gloss":"blade","note":"One example uses 'strå' collectively as 'straw', distinct from the countable 'not a single blade' sense in the other three."},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking strandremsor","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"smala","lemma":"smal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies strandremsor","gloss":"narrow"},{"surface":"strandremsor","lemma":"strandremsa","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with växer","gloss":"strips of shore"},{"surface":"nedanför","lemma":"nedanför","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking kustbergen","gloss":"below"},{"surface":"kustbergen","lemma":"kustbergen","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies strandremsor","gloss":"the coastal cliffs"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies finns","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with finns","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"knappast","lemma":"knappast","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies finns","gloss":"hardly"},{"surface":"finns","lemma":"finnas","morphology":"verb, present, indicative","role":"relative clause on strandremsor","gloss":"there is"},{"surface":"utrymme","lemma":"utrymme","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of finns","gloss":"space"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking potatistäppa","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of potatistäppa","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"potatistäppa","lemma":"potatistäppa","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of finns","gloss":"potato patch"},{"surface":"därför","lemma":"därför","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of veta","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase därför","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of veta","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"veta","lemma":"veta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on finns","gloss":"to know"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of ge","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of havet","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"stora","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies havet","gloss":"big","note":"weak/definite form (stora), used with a singular definite noun, e.g. den stora länstolen."},{"surface":"rika","lemma":"rik","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies havet","gloss":"rich"},{"surface":"havet","lemma":"hav","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of ge","gloss":"sea"},{"surface":"kan","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ge","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"ge","lemma":"ge","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of veta","gloss":"to give"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"indirect object of ge","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"allt","lemma":"all","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ge","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"vad","lemma":"vad","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of behöva","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of behöva","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"behöva","lemma":"behöva","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"in apposition to ge","gloss":"need"}]},{"number":25,"label":"8","id":"ch51-p8-s1","source":"Men om det är en sanning, att havet är rikt, så är det inte mindre säkert, att det är vanskligt att ha att göra med.","translation":"But if it is true that the sea is rich, it is no less certain that it is a hazardous thing to deal with.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sanning","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of sanning","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to sanning","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of sanning","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"sanning","lemma":"sanning","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"depends on säkert","gloss":"truth"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of rikt","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"havet","lemma":"hav","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of rikt","gloss":"sea"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to rikt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"rikt","lemma":"rik","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on sanning","gloss":"rich"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial clause on säkert","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to säkert","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with säkert","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies säkert","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"mindre","lemma":"lite","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies säkert","gloss":"less","note":"Surface 'mindre' is the shared comparative of both 'lite' (less) and 'liten' (small); in ch. examples it renders as predicate-adjective 'smaller' (mycket mindre än han, mindre höga) as often as adverbial 'less' (nöjde sig inte med mindre)."},{"surface":"säkert","lemma":"säker","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of vanskligt","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with vanskligt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to vanskligt","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"vanskligt","lemma":"vansklig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"depends on säkert","gloss":"risky"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of ha","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on vanskligt","gloss":"to have"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of göra","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"göra","lemma":"göra","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of ha","gloss":"deal"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on göra","gloss":"with"}]},{"number":26,"label":"","id":"ch51-p8-s2","source":"Den, som vill vinna något av havet, han måste känna alla dess fjordar och kilar, alla dess grund och strömmar, han får ha reda på, snart sagt, varje sten på havsbottnen.","translation":"Whoever wants to win anything from the sea must know all its fjords and inlets, all its shoals and currents; he must be acquainted with, one might almost say, every stone on the seabed.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Den","lemma":"en","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of vinna","gloss":"whoever","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"vill","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of vinna","gloss":"want to"},{"surface":"vinna","lemma":"vinna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"relative clause on Den","gloss":"win"},{"surface":"något","lemma":"någon","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of vinna","gloss":"anything"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking havet","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"havet","lemma":"hav","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies något","gloss":"sea"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of känna","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"måste","lemma":"måste","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of känna","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"känna","lemma":"känna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"parallel clause to Den","gloss":"to feel"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of fjordar","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"dess","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of fjordar","gloss":"its","note":"ch03-p50 example 'sedan dess' means 'since then', not possessive 'its' — pinning the gloss to 'its' teaches a lie for that collocation."},{"surface":"fjordar","lemma":"fjord","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of känna","gloss":"fjords"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"kilar","lemma":"kil","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with fjordar","gloss":"inlets"},{"surface":"alla","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of grund","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"dess","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of grund","gloss":"its","note":"ch03-p50 example 'sedan dess' means 'since then', not possessive 'its' — pinning the gloss to 'its' teaches a lie for that collocation."},{"surface":"grund","lemma":"grund","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of känna","gloss":"shoals"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"strömmar","lemma":"strömm","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with grund","gloss":"currents"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ha","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"får","lemma":"få","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ha","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"relative clause on Den","gloss":"to have"},{"surface":"reda","lemma":"reda","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on ha","gloss":"find out","note":"part of the fixed expression leta/taga/söka reda på, 'find out'; all four attested examples mean find/know, not organize/sort."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sten","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"snart","lemma":"snart","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sagt","gloss":"soon"},{"surface":"sagt","lemma":"säga","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"adverbial clause on ha","gloss":"said","note":"Really the supine 'sagt' of the verb säga ('to say'), mistagged here as an adjective."},{"surface":"varje","lemma":"varje","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of sten","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"sten","lemma":"sten","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ha","gloss":"stone"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking havsbottnen","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"havsbottnen","lemma":"havsbottn","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies sten","gloss":"sea floor"}]},{"number":27,"label":"","id":"ch51-p8-s3","source":"Han måste kunna föra sin båt i storm och tjocka och finna sin väg i svartaste natt.","translation":"He must be able to handle his boat in storm and fog and find his way on the blackest night.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of föra","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"måste","lemma":"måste","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of föra","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"kunna","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of föra","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"föra","lemma":"föra","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"handle"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of båt","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"båt","lemma":"båt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of föra","gloss":"boat"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking storm","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"storm","lemma":"storm","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of föra","gloss":"storm"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tjocka","lemma":"tjock","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with storm","gloss":"thick"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"finna","lemma":"finna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with föra","gloss":"find"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of väg","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"väg","lemma":"väg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of finna","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking natt","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"svartaste","lemma":"svart","morphology":"adjective, nominative, superlative","role":"modifies natt","gloss":"blackest"},{"surface":"natt","lemma":"natt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of finna","gloss":"night"}]},{"number":28,"label":"","id":"ch51-p8-s4","source":"Han måste förstå att tyda de tecken i luften, som båda hårt väder, och han får lov att kunna tåla köld och väta.","translation":"He must know how to read the signs in the sky that foretell hard weather, and he must be able to endure cold and wet.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of förstå","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"måste","lemma":"måste","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of förstå","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"förstå","lemma":"förstå","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"understand"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of tyda","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"tyda","lemma":"tyda","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on förstå","gloss":"read"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of tecken","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"tecken","lemma":"tecken","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of tyda","gloss":"signs"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking luften","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"luften","lemma":"luft","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies tecken","gloss":"air"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"subject of väder","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"båda","lemma":"båda","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"modifies väder","gloss":"both"},{"surface":"hårt","lemma":"hård","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies väder","gloss":"hard"},{"surface":"väder","lemma":"väder","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"relative clause on luften","gloss":"weather"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of får","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"får","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with förstå","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"lov","lemma":"lov","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of får","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of tåla","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"kunna","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of tåla","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"tåla","lemma":"tåla","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on får","gloss":"endure"},{"surface":"köld","lemma":"köld","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of tåla","gloss":"cold"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"väta","lemma":"väta","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with köld","gloss":"wetness"}]},{"number":29,"label":"","id":"ch51-p8-s5","source":"Han måste känna till var fiskarna färdas och hummern kryper, och han måste kunna sköta tunga nät och lägga ut sina garn i gungande sjö.","translation":"He must know where the fish travel and where the lobster crawls, and he must be able to handle heavy nets and lay out his gear in a heaving sea.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of känna","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"måste","lemma":"måste","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of känna","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"känna","lemma":"känna","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to feel"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on känna","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to färdas","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"fiskarna","lemma":"fiskarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of passive färdas","gloss":"the fish"},{"surface":"färdas","lemma":"färda","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, passive","role":"adverbial clause on känna","gloss":"travels","note":"deponent verb färdas, passive in form but active in meaning."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hummern","lemma":"hummer","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with färdas","gloss":"the lobster"},{"surface":"kryper","lemma":"krypa","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"direct object of känna","gloss":"creeps"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sköta","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"måste","lemma":"måste","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of sköta","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"kunna","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of sköta","gloss":"can"},{"surface":"sköta","lemma":"sköta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with känna","gloss":"to tend to"},{"surface":"tunga","lemma":"tung","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies nät","gloss":"heavy"},{"surface":"nät","lemma":"nät","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of sköta","gloss":"nets"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lägga","lemma":"lägga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with sköta","gloss":"to lay/put"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on lägga","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"sina","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"possessor of garn","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"garn","lemma":"garn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of lägga","gloss":"nets"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sjö","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"gungande","lemma":"gungande","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies sjö","gloss":"heaving"},{"surface":"sjö","lemma":"sjö","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of lägga","gloss":"lake"}]},{"number":30,"label":"","id":"ch51-p8-s6","source":"Och först och främst måste han ha ett modigt hjärta i bröstet, så att han inte frågar efter, att han var dag får våga livet i kampen mot havet.","translation":"And first and foremost he must have a brave heart in his breast, so that he gives no thought to the fact that every day he must risk his life in the struggle against the sea.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"först","lemma":"först","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ha","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"part of the phrase först","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"främst","lemma":"främst","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase först","gloss":"first of all"},{"surface":"måste","lemma":"måste","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of ha","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ha","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"to have"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of hjärta","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"modigt","lemma":"modig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies hjärta","gloss":"brave"},{"surface":"hjärta","lemma":"hjärta","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of ha","gloss":"heart"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bröstet","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"bröstet","lemma":"bröst","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of ha","gloss":"chest"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of frågar","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase så","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of frågar","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies frågar","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"frågar","lemma":"fråga","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on ha","gloss":"asks"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on frågar","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of våga","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of våga","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"modifies våga","gloss":"every"},{"surface":"dag","lemma":"dag","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase var","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"får","lemma":"få","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of våga","gloss":"must"},{"surface":"våga","lemma":"våga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of frågar","gloss":"to dare"},{"surface":"livet","lemma":"liv","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of våga","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking kampen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"kampen","lemma":"kamp","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of våga","gloss":"struggle"},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking havet","gloss":"against"},{"surface":"havet","lemma":"hav","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies kampen","gloss":"sea"}]},{"number":31,"label":"9","id":"ch51-p9-s1","source":"På morgonen, då vildgässen reste neråt Bohuslän, var det lugnt och fredligt i skärgården.","translation":"In the morning, as the wild geese traveled down toward Bohuslän, it was calm and peaceful in the archipelago.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"var det lugnt","title":"V2 inversion after a fronted clause","body":"Swedish is verb-second: whatever comes first in the sentence, the finite verb follows immediately. Here the whole subordinate clause «då vildgässen reste neråt Bohuslän» occupies the front slot, so the main clause inverts to verb-before-subject: «var det lugnt», not «det var lugnt»."}],"words":[{"surface":"På","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking morgonen","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"morgonen","lemma":"morgon","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of lugnt","gloss":"morning"},{"surface":"då","lemma":"då","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"modifies reste","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of reste","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"reste","lemma":"resa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"depends on lugnt","gloss":"traveled"},{"surface":"neråt","lemma":"neråt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies reste","gloss":"downward"},{"surface":"Bohuslän","lemma":"Bohuslän","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"direct object of reste","gloss":"Bohuslän","note":"Swedish coastal province."},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to lugnt","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with lugnt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"lugnt","lemma":"lugnd","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"calmly","note":"used adverbially, 'calm/quiet'."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fredligt","lemma":"fredlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with lugnt","gloss":"peaceful"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skärgården","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"skärgården","lemma":"skärgård","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of lugnt","gloss":"archipelago"}]},{"number":32,"label":"","id":"ch51-p9-s2","source":"De sågo flera små fiskelägen, men det var stilla på de smala gatorna, ingen gick ut och in i de små, grant målade husen.","translation":"They saw several small fishing villages, but it was quiet in the narrow streets, and no one went in or out of the small, brightly painted houses.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of sågo","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"sågo","lemma":"sågoa","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"modifies gick","gloss":"saw","note":"Lemma/tag are corrupted; sågo is the plural past tense of se (\"saw\"), not a noun or present tense."},{"surface":"flera","lemma":"flera","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies fiskelägen","gloss":"several"},{"surface":"små","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies fiskelägen","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"fiskelägen","lemma":"fiskeläg","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of sågo","gloss":"fishing villages"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of stilla","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to stilla","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"stilla","lemma":"stilla","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"coordinated with sågo","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gatorna","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of gatorna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"smala","lemma":"smal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies gatorna","gloss":"narrow"},{"surface":"gatorna","lemma":"gata","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of stilla","gloss":"streets"},{"surface":"ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"subject of gick","gloss":"no one"},{"surface":"gick","lemma":"gå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on gick","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"modifies gick","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gick","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking små","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of små","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"små","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"oblique complement of gick","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"grant","lemma":"grant","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies målade","gloss":"brightly"},{"surface":"målade","lemma":"måla","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with små","gloss":"painted"},{"surface":"husen","lemma":"hus","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of målade","gloss":"houses"}]},{"number":33,"label":"","id":"ch51-p9-s3","source":"De bruna fiskegarnen hängde i god ordning på torkplatsen, de tunga, gröna eller blåa fiskebåtarna lågo utmed stranden med beslagna segel.","translation":"The brown fishing nets hung in good order at the drying ground, and the heavy green or blue fishing boats lay along the shore with sails furled.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of fiskegarnen","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"bruna","lemma":"brun","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies fiskegarnen","gloss":"brown"},{"surface":"fiskegarnen","lemma":"fiskegarn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of hängde","gloss":"the fishing nets"},{"surface":"hängde","lemma":"hängde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"hung"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ordning","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"god","lemma":"god","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies ordning","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"ordning","lemma":"ordning","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of hängde","gloss":"order"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking torkplatsen","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"torkplatsen","lemma":"torkplatse","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies ordning","gloss":"the drying ground"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of tunga","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"tunga","lemma":"tung","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies fiskebåtarna","gloss":"heavy"},{"surface":"gröna","lemma":"grön","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with tunga","gloss":"green"},{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"blåa","lemma":"blå","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with tunga","gloss":"blue"},{"surface":"fiskebåtarna","lemma":"fiskebåtarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of hängde","gloss":"the fishing boats"},{"surface":"lågo","lemma":"lågo","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"complement of hängde","gloss":"lay","note":"Archaic plural past tense of ligga (\"to lie\"), not an adjective; the parser mistagged it."},{"surface":"utmed","lemma":"utmed","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking stranden","gloss":"along"},{"surface":"stranden","lemma":"strand","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of hängde","gloss":"shore"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking segel","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"beslagna","lemma":"beslagen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies segel","gloss":"furled"},{"surface":"segel","lemma":"segel","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of hängde","gloss":"sail"}]},{"number":34,"label":"","id":"ch51-p9-s4","source":"Inga kvinnor sysslade vid de långa bänkarna, där man eljest brukade rensa torsk och helgeflundra.","translation":"No women were busy at the long benches where cod and halibut were otherwise usually cleaned.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Inga","lemma":"inga","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of kvinnor","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"kvinnor","lemma":"kvinna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of sysslade","gloss":"women"},{"surface":"sysslade","lemma":"syssla","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was busy"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bänkarna","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of bänkarna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"långa","lemma":"lång","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies bänkarna","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"bänkarna","lemma":"bänkarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of sysslade","gloss":"the benches"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies brukade","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"man","lemma":"man","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of brukade","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"eljest","lemma":"eljest","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies brukade","gloss":"otherwise"},{"surface":"brukade","lemma":"bruka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on bänkarna","gloss":"used to"},{"surface":"rensa","lemma":"rensa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of brukade","gloss":"clean"},{"surface":"torsk","lemma":"torsk","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of rensa","gloss":"cod"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"helgeflundra","lemma":"helgeflundra","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with torsk","gloss":"halibut"}]},{"number":35,"label":"10","id":"ch51-p10-s1","source":"Vildgässen foro också fram över flera lotsstationer.","translation":"The wild geese also flew over several pilot stations.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"possessor of foro","gloss":"the wild geese"},{"surface":"foro","lemma":"foro","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"traveled","note":"Archaic past plural of fara ('to travel/fly'); lemma tagged as noun but is a verb form."},{"surface":"också","lemma":"också","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fram","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies foro","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking lotsstationer","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"flera","lemma":"flera","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies lotsstationer","gloss":"several"},{"surface":"lotsstationer","lemma":"lotsstation","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of fram","gloss":"pilot stations"}]},{"number":36,"label":"","id":"ch51-p10-s2","source":"Lotshusets vägg var målad i svart och vitt, signalmasten stod vid sidan, och lotskuttern låg förtöjd vid bryggan.","translation":"The pilot house's wall was painted black and white, the signal mast stood beside it, and the pilot cutter lay moored at the pier.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Lotshusets","lemma":"Lotshusets","morphology":"noun, genitive, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of vägg","gloss":"the pilot house's"},{"surface":"vägg","lemma":"vägg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of målad","gloss":"wall"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to målad","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"målad","lemma":"måla","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"painted"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking svart","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"svart","lemma":"svar","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of målad","gloss":"black","note":"The lemma should be svart (\"black\"); the parser mistagged the surface \"svart\" under the noun svar (\"answer\")."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vitt","lemma":"vi","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with svart","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"signalmasten","lemma":"signalmast","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of stod","gloss":"the signal mast"},{"surface":"stod","lemma":"stå","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with målad","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sidan","gloss":"beside"},{"surface":"sidan","lemma":"sida","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stod","gloss":"beside"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lotskuttern","lemma":"lotskutter","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of låg","gloss":"the pilot cutter"},{"surface":"låg","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with målad","gloss":"lay","note":"mistagged as adjective; the surface 'låg' here is the past tense of ligga 'to lie', not the unrelated adjective låg 'low'."},{"surface":"förtöjd","lemma":"förtöjd","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies låg","gloss":"moored"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bryggan","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"bryggan","lemma":"brygga","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of låg","gloss":"pier"}]},{"number":37,"label":"","id":"ch51-p10-s3","source":"Allt var lugnt där i närheten, ingen ångbåt nalkades, som behövde hjälp i den trånga farleden.","translation":"All was quiet in the vicinity; no steamer was approaching that needed help in the narrow channel.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Allt","lemma":"all","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of lugnt","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to lugnt","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"lugnt","lemma":"lugnd","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"calmly","note":"used adverbially, 'calm/quiet'."},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lugnt","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking närheten","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"närheten","lemma":"närhet","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of där","gloss":"vicinity"},{"surface":"ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of ångbåt","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"ångbåt","lemma":"ångbåt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of passive nalkades","gloss":"steamer"},{"surface":"nalkades","lemma":"nalkaa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, passive","role":"parallel clause to lugnt","gloss":"approached","note":"Nalkas is a deponent verb: its passive-looking form has an active meaning, \"to approach\"."},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of behövde","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"behövde","lemma":"behöva","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on nalkades","gloss":"needed"},{"surface":"hjälp","lemma":"hjälp","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of behövde","gloss":"help"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking farleden","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of farleden","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"trånga","lemma":"trång","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies farleden","gloss":"narrow","note":"Also 'cramped' when describing enclosed space rather than a passage."},{"surface":"farleden","lemma":"farled","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of behövde","gloss":"channel"}]},{"number":38,"label":"11","id":"ch51-p11-s1","source":"De små kuststäderna, som vildgässen foro fram över, hade stängt sina stora badhus, hissat ner sina flaggor och stängt de fina sommarvillorna.","translation":"The small coastal towns that the wild geese flew over had closed their large bathhouses, hauled down their flags, and shut up the fine summer villas.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of kuststäderna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"små","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies kuststäderna","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"kuststäderna","lemma":"kuststäd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of stängt","gloss":"the coastal towns"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"subject of foro","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase som","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"foro","lemma":"foro","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"relative clause on kuststäderna","gloss":"went","note":"Mistagged as a noun; foro is the plural past tense of fara (\"went/traveled\")."},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies foro","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"adverb","role":"preposition marking fram","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of stängt","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"stängt","lemma":"stäng","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"shut/closed"},{"surface":"sina","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"possessor of badhus","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"stora","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies badhus","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"badhus","lemma":"badhus","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"direct object of stängt","gloss":"bathhouses"},{"surface":"hissat","lemma":"hissa","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with stängt","gloss":"hauled down"},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on hissat","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"sina","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"possessor of flaggor","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"flaggor","lemma":"flagga","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of hissat","gloss":"their flags"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"stängt","lemma":"stäng","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with hissat","gloss":"shut/closed"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of sommarvillorna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"fina","lemma":"fin","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies sommarvillorna","gloss":"fine"},{"surface":"sommarvillorna","lemma":"sommarvillorna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of stängt","gloss":"the summer villas"}]},{"number":39,"label":"","id":"ch51-p11-s2","source":"Ingen annan var i rörelse än några gamla sjökaptener, som gingo fram och åter på bryggorna och längtansfullt stirrade mot havet.","translation":"No one else was stirring except a few old sea captains, who walked back and forth on the piers and gazed longingly out at the sea.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ingen","lemma":"ingen","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of annan","gloss":"no"},{"surface":"annan","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"copula linking to annan","gloss":"was","note":"the surface var here is the past tense of vara 'to be', not the pronoun."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rörelse","gloss":"in motion"},{"surface":"rörelse","lemma":"rörelse","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of annan","gloss":"movement"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of sjökaptener","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"några","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of sjökaptener","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"gamla","lemma":"gammal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies sjökaptener","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"sjökaptener","lemma":"sjökapten","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"clause modifying annan","gloss":"sea captains"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of gingo","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"gingo","lemma":"gingo","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"relative clause on sjökaptener","gloss":"went","note":"Old plural past tense of 'gå' (to go/walk); mistagged as an infinitive."},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies gingo","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"åter","lemma":"åter","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with fram","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bryggorna","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"bryggorna","lemma":"brygga","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of fram","gloss":"wharves"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"längtansfullt","lemma":"längtansfull","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies stirrade","gloss":"longingly"},{"surface":"stirrade","lemma":"stirra","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with gingo","gloss":"stared","note":"Really the past tense of the verb stirra ('to stare'), mistagged here as an adjective."},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking havet","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"havet","lemma":"hav","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies stirrade","gloss":"sea"}]},{"number":40,"label":"12","id":"ch51-p12-s1","source":"Inne vid fastlandets fjordar och på öarnas östsida sågo vildgässen några bondgårdar.","translation":"In along the mainland's fjords and on the eastern side of the islands, the wild geese saw a few farms.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Inne","lemma":"inne","morphology":"adverb","role":"subject of sågo","gloss":"in along"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fjordar","gloss":"along"},{"surface":"fastlandets","lemma":"fastlande","morphology":"noun, genitive, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of fjordar","gloss":"the mainland's"},{"surface":"fjordar","lemma":"fjord","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies Inne","gloss":"fjords"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking östsida","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"öarnas","lemma":"öarnas","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, plural","role":"possessor of östsida","gloss":"the islands'"},{"surface":"östsida","lemma":"östsida","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of sågo","gloss":"eastern side"},{"surface":"sågo","lemma":"sågo","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"saw","note":"mistagged as present tense; this is the archaic plural past tense of se 'to see' (they saw)."},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sågo","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"några","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of bondgårdar","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"bondgårdar","lemma":"bondgård","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of sågo","gloss":"farms"}]},{"number":41,"label":"","id":"ch51-p12-s2","source":"Där låg skötbåten stilla vid bryggan.","translation":"There the rowboat lay still at the landing.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"skötbåten","title":"The farm's utility rowboat","body":"A «skötbåt» is a small rowboat kept at a coastal farm or fishing station for short trips — ferrying to a larger boat, checking nets — as distinct from the fishing boats themselves."}],"words":[{"surface":"Där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies låg","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"låg","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"lay","note":"mistagged as adjective; the surface 'låg' here is the past tense of ligga 'to lie', not the unrelated adjective låg 'low'."},{"surface":"skötbåten","lemma":"skötbåt","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of låg","gloss":"the fishing boat"},{"surface":"stilla","lemma":"stilla","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies låg","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bryggan","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"bryggan","lemma":"brygga","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stilla","gloss":"pier"}]},{"number":42,"label":"","id":"ch51-p12-s3","source":"Bonden och hans drängar plockade upp potatis","translation":"The farmer and his hired men were digging up potatoes","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Bonden","lemma":"bond","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of plockade","gloss":"farmer","note":"lemma is the modern form bonde 'farmer'."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"hans","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun","role":"possessor of drängar","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"drängar","lemma":"dräng","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with Bonden","gloss":"farmhands"},{"surface":"plockade","lemma":"plocka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"picked"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on plockade","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"potatis","lemma":"potatis","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of plockade","gloss":"potatoes"}]},{"number":43,"label":"13","id":"ch51-p13-s1","source":"eller kände efter om bönorna, som hängde på höga ställningar, hade hunnit torka.","translation":"or feeling to see whether the beans, which hung on tall racks, had had time to dry.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"eller","lemma":"eller","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"kände","lemma":"kände","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"felt"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on kände","gloss":"check"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bönorna","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"bönorna","lemma":"bönorna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of kände","gloss":"the beans"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of hängde","gloss":"which","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"hängde","lemma":"hänga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on bönorna","gloss":"hung"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ställningar","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"höga","lemma":"hög","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies ställningar","gloss":"tall"},{"surface":"ställningar","lemma":"ställning","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of hängde","gloss":"racks"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of torka","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"hunnit","lemma":"hinna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, supine","role":"auxiliary of torka","gloss":"had time"},{"surface":"torka","lemma":"torka","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"dry"}]},{"number":44,"label":"14","id":"ch51-p14-s1","source":"I de stora stenbrotten och i båtbyggerierna fanns det gott om arbetare.","translation":"In the great stone quarries and in the boatyards there were plenty of workers.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"I","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking stenbrotten","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of stenbrotten","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"stora","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies stenbrotten","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"stenbrotten","lemma":"stenbrott","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of fanns","gloss":"the stone quarries"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking båtbyggerierna","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"båtbyggerierna","lemma":"båtbyggerierna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with stenbrotten","gloss":"the boatyards"},{"surface":"fanns","lemma":"finnas","morphology":"verb, past, indicative","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"there was","note":"existential verb; fanns = 'there was/were, existed.'"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with fanns","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"gott","lemma":"god","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fanns","gloss":"plenty"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking arbetare","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"arbetare","lemma":"arbetare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of fanns","gloss":"workers"}]},{"number":45,"label":"","id":"ch51-p14-s2","source":"De skötte sina släggor och yxor snällt nog, men gång på gång vände de huvudet mot havet, som om de hade hoppats på något avbrott.","translation":"They handled their sledgehammers and axes diligently enough, but again and again they turned their heads toward the sea, as if they were hoping for some interruption.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of skötte","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"skötte","lemma":"sköta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"handled","note":"this type mixes two different verbs that share the past-tense surface sköt; skötte is unambiguously 'tended'."},{"surface":"sina","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"possessor of släggor","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"släggor","lemma":"slägga","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of skötte","gloss":"sledgehammers"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"yxor","lemma":"yxor","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"coordinated with släggor","gloss":"axes"},{"surface":"snällt","lemma":"snäll","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies skötte","gloss":"diligently"},{"surface":"nog","lemma":"nog","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies snällt","gloss":"enough"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"gång","lemma":"gång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of vände","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gång","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"gång","lemma":"gång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase på","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"vände","lemma":"vän","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with skötte","gloss":"turned","note":"Really the past tense 'vände' of the verb vända ('to turn'), mistagged here under lemma vän."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of vände","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"huvudet","lemma":"huvud","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of vände","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking havet","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"havet","lemma":"hav","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of vände","gloss":"sea"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"introduces the clause of hoppats","gloss":"as","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hoppats","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of hoppats","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of hoppats","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"hoppats","lemma":"hoppa","morphology":"verb, passive, supine","role":"adverbial clause on vände","gloss":"hoped"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking avbrott","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"något","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of avbrott","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"avbrott","lemma":"avbrott","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of hoppats","gloss":"interruption"}]},{"number":46,"label":"15","id":"ch51-p15-s1","source":"Och skärgårdsfåglarna voro lika lugna som människorna.","translation":"And the birds of the archipelago were just as calm as the people.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"skärgårdsfåglarna","lemma":"skärgårdsfåglarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of lugna","gloss":"the archipelago birds"},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"modifies skärgårdsfåglarna","gloss":"were","note":"mistagged as a pronoun; this is the archaic plural past tense of vara 'to be'."},{"surface":"lika","lemma":"lika","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lugna","gloss":"equally"},{"surface":"lugna","lemma":"lugen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"calm","note":"Mistagged; 'lugna' here is the adjective plural of 'lugn' (calm)."},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking människorna","gloss":"as","note":"Functions as relative pronoun/conjunction, not a true preposition."},{"surface":"människorna","lemma":"människa","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of lugna","gloss":"people"}]},{"number":47,"label":"","id":"ch51-p15-s2","source":"Några skarvar, som hade suttit och sovit på en brant bergvägg, lämnade en efter annan de smala klipphyllorna och foro i långsam flykt bort till sina fiskeplatser.","translation":"A few cormorants, which had been sitting asleep on a steep rock face, left the narrow ledges one after another and flew off in slow flight to their fishing grounds.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Några","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of skarvar","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"skarvar","lemma":"skarvar","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of lämnade","gloss":"cormorants"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of suttit","gloss":"which","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of suttit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"suttit","lemma":"sutta","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"relative clause on skarvar","gloss":"sat","note":"Archaic spelling of suttit, the supine of sitta (\"to sit\")."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sovit","lemma":"sovia","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with suttit","gloss":"slept"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bergvägg","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of bergvägg","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"brant","lemma":"brant","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies bergvägg","gloss":"steep"},{"surface":"bergvägg","lemma":"bergvägg","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of suttit","gloss":"rock wall"},{"surface":"lämnade","lemma":"lämna","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"left"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"subject of lämnade","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking annan","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"annan","lemma":"annan","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase en","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of klipphyllorna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"smala","lemma":"smal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies klipphyllorna","gloss":"narrow"},{"surface":"klipphyllorna","lemma":"klipphyllorna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of lämnade","gloss":"the ledges"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"foro","lemma":"foro","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"coordinated with klipphyllorna","gloss":"went","note":"Old plural past tense of 'fara' (to go/travel), mistagged as a proper noun."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking flykt","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"långsam","lemma":"långsam","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies flykt","gloss":"slow"},{"surface":"flykt","lemma":"flykt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of lämnade","gloss":"flight"},{"surface":"bort","lemma":"bort","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lämnade","gloss":"away"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fiskeplatser","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"sina","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"possessor of fiskeplatser","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"fiskeplatser","lemma":"fiskeplats","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of bort","gloss":"fishing grounds"}]},{"number":48,"label":"","id":"ch51-p15-s3","source":"Måsarna hade övergivit havet och gingo och promenerade på land som riktiga kråkor.","translation":"The gulls had abandoned the sea and walked about strolling on land like regular crows.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Måsarna","lemma":"Måsarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of övergivit","gloss":"the gulls"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of övergivit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"övergivit","lemma":"övergivit","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"abandoned"},{"surface":"havet","lemma":"hav","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of övergivit","gloss":"sea"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"gingo","lemma":"gingo","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with havet","gloss":"went","note":"Past plural of gå (to go); mistagged as an adjective."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"promenerade","lemma":"promenera","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with övergivit","gloss":"strolled"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking land","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"land","lemma":"land","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of promenerade","gloss":"land"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of kråkor","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"riktiga","lemma":"riktig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies kråkor","gloss":"real"},{"surface":"kråkor","lemma":"kråka","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"complement of övergivit","gloss":"crows"}]},{"number":49,"label":"16","id":"ch51-p16-s1","source":"Men på en gång blev det annat av.","translation":"But all at once things changed.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gång","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of gång","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gång","lemma":"gång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of blev","gloss":"once"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with blev","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"annat","lemma":"annan","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"complement of blev","gloss":"different"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on blev","gloss":"different"}]},{"number":50,"label":"","id":"ch51-p16-s2","source":"En måssvärm flög tvärt upp från en åker och stormade i väg söderut med sådan fart, att vildgässen knappt hunno att fråga vart de skulle hän, och måsarna gåvo sig inte tid att svara.","translation":"A flock of gulls shot straight up from a field and stormed off southward with such speed that the wild geese hardly had time to ask where they were headed, and the gulls did not take time to answer.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"hunno","title":"Archaic plural preterite","body":"«hunno» is the old plural past tense of «hinna» ('to have time to'), used because the subject «vildgässen» is plural. A singular subject would take «hann». This is the same 1906 pattern as «äro»/«foro», applied here to a different verb and tense (preterite, not present)."}],"words":[{"surface":"En","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of måssvärm","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"måssvärm","lemma":"måssvärm","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of flög","gloss":"flock of gulls"},{"surface":"flög","lemma":"flög","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"flew"},{"surface":"tvärt","lemma":"tvär","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies upp","gloss":"abruptly"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on flög","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"från","lemma":"från","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking åker","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"numeral, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of åker","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"åker","lemma":"åka","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"oblique complement of flög","gloss":"field","note":"Mislemmatized: surface is 'åker', the noun ('a field'), in both attested examples ('slog ner på en åker', 'stänger för en åker') — not a form of the verb åka ('to ride/drive'). Gloss corrected to the noun sense actually attested."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"stormade","lemma":"storma","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with åker","gloss":"rushed","note":"Past tense of the verb 'storma' (to storm/rush); mistagged as an adjective."},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies stormade","gloss":"off"},{"surface":"väg","lemma":"väg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase i","gloss":"way"},{"surface":"söderut","lemma":"söderut","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies flög","gloss":"southward"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fart","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sådan","lemma":"sån","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies fart","gloss":"such","note":"sån is a colloquial/older form of sådan, glossed to the modern sense."},{"surface":"fart","lemma":"fart","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of flög","gloss":"speed"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hunno","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hunno","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"knappt","lemma":"knappt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hunno","gloss":"hardly"},{"surface":"hunno","lemma":"hunno","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"clausal complement of flög","gloss":"had time","note":"mistagged as an adjective; it is the past plural of 'hinna' (to have time/to catch up)."},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of fråga","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"fråga","lemma":"fråga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on hunno","gloss":"to ask"},{"surface":"vart","lemma":"vart","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies skulle","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of skulle","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of gåvo","gloss":"were headed"},{"surface":"hän","lemma":"hän","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"subject of gåvo","gloss":"where (to)","note":"Mistagged as a proper noun; it is the archaic adverb 'hän' (away, whither) as in 'vart ska ni hän?'."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"måsarna","lemma":"måsarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with hän","gloss":"gulls"},{"surface":"gåvo","lemma":"gåvo","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"clausal complement of fråga","gloss":"gave","note":"Historical plural past-tense form of ge/giva (\"to give\"), not a noun."},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of gåvo","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies gåvo","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"tid","lemma":"tid","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of gåvo","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of svara","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"svara","lemma":"svara","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on gåvo","gloss":"to answer"}]},{"number":51,"label":"","id":"ch51-p16-s3","source":"Skarvarna höjde sig ur vattnet och följde efter måsarna i tung flykt.","translation":"The cormorants rose out of the water and followed after the gulls in heavy flight.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Skarvarna","lemma":"Skarvarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of höjde","gloss":"the cormorants"},{"surface":"höjde","lemma":"höja","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"raised"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of höjde","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"ur","lemma":"ur","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vattnet","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"vattnet","lemma":"vatten","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of höjde","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"följde","lemma":"följa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with höjde","gloss":"followed"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking måsarna","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"måsarna","lemma":"måsare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of följde","gloss":"gulls"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking flykt","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"tung","lemma":"tung","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies flykt","gloss":"heavy"},{"surface":"flykt","lemma":"flykt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of följde","gloss":"flight"}]},{"number":52,"label":"","id":"ch51-p16-s4","source":"Delfiner gledo igenom havet som långa, svarta spolar, och en hop sälar hasade sig ner från ett platt skär och drogo av mot söder.","translation":"Dolphins glided through the sea like long black shuttles, and a group of seals slid down from a flat skerry and made off toward the south.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Delfiner","lemma":"Delfiner","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of hasade","gloss":"dolphins"},{"surface":"gledo","lemma":"gledo","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"modifies Delfiner","gloss":"glided","note":"past plural of glida ('to glide'); mistagged as noun."},{"surface":"igenom","lemma":"igenom","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking havet","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"havet","lemma":"hav","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies gledo","gloss":"sea"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of långa","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"långa","lemma":"lång","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"in apposition to Delfiner","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"svarta","lemma":"svart","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies spolar","gloss":"black"},{"surface":"spolar","lemma":"spola","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with Delfiner","gloss":"shuttles"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of hop","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"hop","lemma":"hop","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Delfiner","gloss":"group","note":"ch22-p80-s4 'en hop trassliga trådar' is a mass/heap of threads, not a crowd."},{"surface":"sälar","lemma":"säel","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of hasade","gloss":"seals"},{"surface":"hasade","lemma":"hasa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"slid down"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of hasade","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"ner","lemma":"ner","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hasade","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"från","lemma":"från","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skär","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of skär","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"platt","lemma":"platt","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies skär","gloss":"flat"},{"surface":"skär","lemma":"skär","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of hasade","gloss":"skerry","note":"This is the noun 'skär' (skerry), mistagged as an adjective by the backbone."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"drogo","lemma":"drogo","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"coordinated with skär","gloss":"made off","note":"past plural of dra used intransitively ('moved, traveled'); mistagged as pronoun."},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on drogo","gloss":"off"},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies hasade","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"söder","lemma":"söder","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase mot","gloss":"south"}]},{"number":53,"label":"17","id":"ch51-p17-s1","source":"»Vad står på? Vad står på?» frågade vildgässen och fingo äntligen svar av en alfågel.","translation":"“What is going on? What is going on?” asked the wild geese, and at last got an answer from a long-tailed duck.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"alfågel","title":"A coastal sea duck","body":"The «alfågel» (long-tailed duck) is a diving sea duck common in Swedish coastal waters — a small, plausible messenger for coastal news among the birds."}],"words":[{"surface":"Vad","lemma":"vad","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of står","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"står","lemma":"stå","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stands"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on står","gloss":"going on"},{"surface":"Vad","lemma":"vad","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of står","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"står","lemma":"stå","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stands"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on står","gloss":"going on"},{"surface":"frågade","lemma":"fråga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of frågade","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"fingo","lemma":"fingo","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"coordinated with frågade","gloss":"got","note":"past plural of få ('to get'); mistagged as imperative."},{"surface":"äntligen","lemma":"äntligen","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fingo","gloss":"finally"},{"surface":"svar","lemma":"svar","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of fingo","gloss":"answer"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking alfågel","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of alfågel","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"alfågel","lemma":"alfågel","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of fingo","gloss":"long-tailed duck"}]},{"number":54,"label":"","id":"ch51-p17-s2","source":"»Det är sillen, som har kommit till Marstrand.","translation":"“It's the herring, which has come to Marstrand.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"sillen","title":"Definite suffix on an en-word","body":"«sill» ('herring') is an en-word; Swedish marks 'the herring' not with a separate article but by suffixing «-en»: «sill» → «sillen»."},{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"Marstrand","title":"A real herring port","body":"«Marstrand» is a historic island town in Bohuslän, long a center of the West Coast herring trade — the destination the whole chapter builds toward."}],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of sillen","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to sillen","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"sillen","lemma":"sill","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"herring"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of kommit","gloss":"which","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of kommit","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"kommit","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"depends on sillen","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Marstrand","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Marstrand","lemma":"Marstrand","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of kommit","gloss":"Marstrand","note":"Swedish coastal town name."}]},{"number":55,"label":"","id":"ch51-p17-s3","source":"Det är sillen, som har kommit till Marstrand.»","translation":"It's the herring, which has come to Marstrand.”","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of sillen","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"är","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to sillen","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"sillen","lemma":"sill","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"herring"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of kommit","gloss":"which","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"har","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, present, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of kommit","gloss":"has"},{"surface":"kommit","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"depends on sillen","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Marstrand","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Marstrand","lemma":"Marstrand","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of kommit","gloss":"Marstrand","note":"Swedish coastal town name."}]},{"number":56,"label":"18","id":"ch51-p18-s1","source":"Men det var inte bara fåglar och havsdjur, som hade kommit i rörelse, utan nu måtte också människorna ha fått bud om att de första stora sillstimmen hade anlänt till skärgården.","translation":"But it was not only birds and sea creatures that had been stirred into motion, for now the people too must have gotten word that the first great herring shoals had arrived in the archipelago.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of fåglar","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to fåglar","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies fåglar","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"bara","lemma":"bara","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fåglar","gloss":"just"},{"surface":"fåglar","lemma":"fågel","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of fått","gloss":"birds"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"havsdjur","lemma":"havsdjur","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"coordinated with fåglar","gloss":"sea creatures"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of kommit","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of kommit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"kommit","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"relative clause on fåglar","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rörelse","gloss":"into motion"},{"surface":"rörelse","lemma":"rörelse","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kommit","gloss":"movement"},{"surface":"utan","lemma":"utan","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but rather","note":"follows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened."},{"surface":"nu","lemma":"nu","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies måtte","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"måtte","lemma":"måtte","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fått","gloss":"must","note":"Modal verb (cognate of måste), mistagged as adverb. Bare måtte means \"must\"; the perfect sense (\"must have\") comes only from an adjacent ha + supine, as in the måtte komma sig example, which translates as plain \"must.\""},{"surface":"också","lemma":"också","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fått","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"människorna","lemma":"människa","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of fått","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"ha","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of fått","gloss":"have"},{"surface":"fått","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"gotten"},{"surface":"bud","lemma":"bud","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of fått","gloss":"word"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of hade","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hade","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of sillstimmen","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"första","lemma":"en","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies sillstimmen","gloss":"first","note":"surfaces are forms of första 'first', not the numeral en."},{"surface":"stora","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies sillstimmen","gloss":"big","note":"weak/definite form (stora), used with a singular definite noun, e.g. den stora länstolen."},{"surface":"sillstimmen","lemma":"sillstimm","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"the herring shoals"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of anlänt","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"anlänt","lemma":"anlänt","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"complement of fått","gloss":"arrived"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking skärgården","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"skärgården","lemma":"skärgård","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of anlänt","gloss":"archipelago"}]},{"number":57,"label":"","id":"ch51-p18-s2","source":"På fiskelägenas glatta stenhällar sprang folk om varandra.","translation":"On the smooth rock slabs of the fishing villages, people ran about one another.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"På","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking stenhällar","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"fiskelägenas","lemma":"fiskelägena","morphology":"noun, genitive, common gender, plural","role":"possessor of stenhällar","gloss":"the fishing villages'"},{"surface":"glatta","lemma":"glatta","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies stenhällar","gloss":"smooth"},{"surface":"stenhällar","lemma":"stenhäll","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of sprang","gloss":"rock slabs"},{"surface":"sprang","lemma":"sprang","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"ran"},{"surface":"folk","lemma":"folk","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of sprang","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"om","lemma":"om","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking varandra","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"varandra","lemma":"varandra","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"oblique complement of sprang","gloss":"each other"}]},{"number":58,"label":"","id":"ch51-p18-s3","source":"Fiskebåtarna gjordes redo.","translation":"The fishing boats were made ready.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Fiskebåtarna","lemma":"Fiskebåtarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of passive gjordes","gloss":"the fishing boats"},{"surface":"gjordes","lemma":"göra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"were made"},{"surface":"redo","lemma":"redo","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"depends on gjordes","gloss":"ready","note":"One example uses redo as the archaic plural past tense of rida (\"to ride\"), a homograph of the adjective redo (\"ready\")."}]},{"number":59,"label":"","id":"ch51-p18-s4","source":"De långa sillvadarna fraktades försiktigt ombord.","translation":"The long herring seines were carefully carried aboard.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of sillvadarna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"långa","lemma":"lång","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies sillvadarna","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"sillvadarna","lemma":"sillvad","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of passive fraktades","gloss":"the herring seines"},{"surface":"fraktades","lemma":"frakta","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"were carried"},{"surface":"försiktigt","lemma":"försiktig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fraktades","gloss":"carefully"},{"surface":"ombord","lemma":"ombord","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fraktades","gloss":"aboard"}]},{"number":60,"label":"","id":"ch51-p18-s5","source":"Kvinnorna stuvade in matvaror och oljekläder.","translation":"The women stowed away provisions and oilskins.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Kvinnorna","lemma":"Kvinnorna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of stuvade","gloss":"the women"},{"surface":"stuvade","lemma":"stuva","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"stowed away"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on stuvade","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"matvaror","lemma":"matvara","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of stuvade","gloss":"provisions"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"oljekläder","lemma":"oljekläd","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with matvaror","gloss":"oilskins"}]},{"number":61,"label":"","id":"ch51-p18-s6","source":"Karlarna kommo ut ur stugorna med sådan brådska, att de inte hunno att kränga på sig rocken förrän ute på gatan.","translation":"The men came out of their cottages in such a hurry that they did not manage to pull on their coats until they were out in the street.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"kränga på sig","title":"Particle verb for dressing fast","body":"«kränga på sig» ('to fling/wrench on oneself') is an idiomatic particle verb for hastily pulling on a piece of clothing — here, the men are in such a hurry they do it out in the street."}],"words":[{"surface":"Karlarna","lemma":"Karlarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of kommo","gloss":"the men"},{"surface":"kommo","lemma":"kommo","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"came","note":"kommo is the archaic plural past tense of komma 'to come', not an infinitive despite the tag."},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kommo","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"ur","lemma":"ur","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking stugorna","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"stugorna","lemma":"stugorna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of kommo","gloss":"the cottages"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking brådska","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sådan","lemma":"sån","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies brådska","gloss":"such","note":"sån is a colloquial/older form of sådan, glossed to the modern sense."},{"surface":"brådska","lemma":"brådska","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of kommo","gloss":"haste"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hunno","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of hunno","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies hunno","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"hunno","lemma":"hunno","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"adverbial clause on kommo","gloss":"manage to","note":"mistagged as an adjective; it is the past plural of 'hinna' (to have time/to catch up)."},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of kränga","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"kränga","lemma":"kränga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on hunno","gloss":"pull on"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sig","gloss":"pull on"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"oblique complement of kränga","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"rocken","lemma":"rock","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of kränga","gloss":"coat"},{"surface":"förrän","lemma":"förrän","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ute","gloss":"before","note":"used with a preceding negative to mean 'no sooner than'."},{"surface":"ute","lemma":"ute","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kränga","gloss":"outside"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking gatan","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"gatan","lemma":"gata","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of ute","gloss":"street"}]},{"number":62,"label":"19","id":"ch51-p19-s1","source":"Snart voro sunden fyllda av bruna och gråa segel, och glada utrop och frågor växlades mellan båtarna.","translation":"Soon the sounds were filled with brown and gray sails, and glad shouts and questions were exchanged between the boats.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Snart","lemma":"snart","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies voro","gloss":"soon"},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"adverbial clause on fyllda","gloss":"were","note":"Past plural of vara (to be); mistagged as an adjective."},{"surface":"sunden","lemma":"sund","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of passive fyllda","gloss":"sounds (straits)"},{"surface":"fyllda","lemma":"fyllda","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"subject of passive växlades","gloss":"filled"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking segel","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"bruna","lemma":"brun","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies segel","gloss":"brown"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"gråa","lemma":"grå","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"coordinated with bruna","gloss":"gray"},{"surface":"segel","lemma":"segel","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"agent of fyllda","gloss":"sail"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"glada","lemma":"glad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies utrop","gloss":"glad"},{"surface":"utrop","lemma":"utrop","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"coordinated with fyllda","gloss":"shouts"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"frågor","lemma":"fråga","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with utrop","gloss":"questions"},{"surface":"växlades","lemma":"växla","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, passive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"were exchanged"},{"surface":"mellan","lemma":"mellan","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking båtarna","gloss":"between"},{"surface":"båtarna","lemma":"båtarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of växlades","gloss":"the boats"}]},{"number":63,"label":"","id":"ch51-p19-s2","source":"Unga flickor hade klättrat upp på hällarna bakom stugorna och vinkade åt de resande.","translation":"Young girls had climbed up onto the rocks behind the cottages and waved to those setting out.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Unga","lemma":"ung","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies flickor","gloss":"young"},{"surface":"flickor","lemma":"flicka","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of klättrat","gloss":"girls"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of klättrat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"klättrat","lemma":"klättra","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"climbed"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on klättrat","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking hällarna","gloss":"onto"},{"surface":"hällarna","lemma":"hällarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of klättrat","gloss":"the rock slabs"},{"surface":"bakom","lemma":"bakom","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking stugorna","gloss":"behind"},{"surface":"stugorna","lemma":"stugorna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies hällarna","gloss":"the cottages"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vinkade","lemma":"vinka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with klättrat","gloss":"waved"},{"surface":"åt","lemma":"åt","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking resande","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of resande","gloss":"those","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"resande","lemma":"resande","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of vinkade","gloss":"traveler"}]},{"number":64,"label":"","id":"ch51-p19-s3","source":"Lotsarna stodo på utkiken och voro så vissa, att de snart skulle bli utkallade, att de hade dragit på sjöstövlarna och gjort kuttern klar.","translation":"The pilots stood on the lookout, and were so certain that they would soon be called out, that they had already pulled on their sea boots and gotten the cutter ready.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Lotsarna","lemma":"Lotsarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of stodo","gloss":"the pilots"},{"surface":"stodo","lemma":"stodo","morphology":"adverb","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"stood","note":"Archaic plural preterite of stå 'to stand', mistagged as adverb."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking utkiken","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"utkiken","lemma":"utkik","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of stodo","gloss":"the lookout"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"coordinated with stodo","gloss":"were","note":"mistagged as a pronoun; this is the archaic plural past tense of vara 'to be'."},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vissa","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"vissa","lemma":"viss","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with stodo","gloss":"sure"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of utkallade","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of utkallade","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"snart","lemma":"snart","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bli","gloss":"soon"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of bli","gloss":"would"},{"surface":"bli","lemma":"bli","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"passive auxiliary of utkallade","gloss":"to become"},{"surface":"utkallade","lemma":"utkallad","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"adverbial clause on vissa","gloss":"called out"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of dragit","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of dragit","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of dragit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"dragit","lemma":"draga","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"adverbial clause on utkallade","gloss":"pulled on","note":"Archaic supine of dra; sense shifts widely with the particle it governs (dragit i led, dragit ihop, dragit bort, dragit upp)."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sjöstövlarna","gloss":"pull on"},{"surface":"sjöstövlarna","lemma":"sjöstövl","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of dragit","gloss":"the sea boots"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"gjort","lemma":"göra","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with dragit","gloss":"done"},{"surface":"kuttern","lemma":"kutter","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of gjort","gloss":"the cutter"},{"surface":"klar","lemma":"klar","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of gjort","gloss":"clear"}]},{"number":65,"label":"","id":"ch51-p19-s4","source":"Ur fjordarna kommo små ångbåtar, lastade med tomma tunnor och lådor.","translation":"Out of the fjords came little steamboats, loaded with empty barrels and crates.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ur","lemma":"ur","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fjordarna","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"fjordarna","lemma":"fjord","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of kommo","gloss":"fjords"},{"surface":"kommo","lemma":"kommo","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"came","note":"kommo is the archaic plural past tense of komma 'to come', not an infinitive despite the tag."},{"surface":"små","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies ångbåtar","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"ångbåtar","lemma":"ångbåt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of kommo","gloss":"steamboats"},{"surface":"lastade","lemma":"lasta","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with ångbåtar","gloss":"loaded"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tunnor","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"tomma","lemma":"tom","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies tunnor","gloss":"empty"},{"surface":"tunnor","lemma":"tunna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies lastade","gloss":"barrels"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lådor","lemma":"låda","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with tunnor","gloss":"crates"}]},{"number":66,"label":"","id":"ch51-p19-s5","source":"Bönderna hade kastat potatishackan, och båtbyggarna hade lämnat varvet.","translation":"The farmers had thrown down their potato hoes, and the boatbuilders had left the shipyard.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Bönderna","lemma":"Bönderna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of kastat","gloss":"the farmers"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of kastat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"kastat","lemma":"kasta","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"thrown down"},{"surface":"potatishackan","lemma":"potatishacka","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of kastat","gloss":"the potato hoe"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"båtbyggarna","lemma":"båtbygg","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of lämnat","gloss":"the boatbuilders"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of lämnat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"lämnat","lemma":"lämna","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"coordinated with kastat","gloss":"left"},{"surface":"varvet","lemma":"varv","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"direct object of lämnat","gloss":"shipyard"}]},{"number":67,"label":"","id":"ch51-p19-s6","source":"De gamla sjökaptenerna med de väderbitna ansiktena hade inte kunnat bli sittande hemma, utan följde med ångbåtarna mot söder för att åtminstone få se på sillfisket.","translation":"The old sea captains with the weather-beaten faces had not been able to stay sitting at home, but went along with the steamboats toward the south so as at least to see the herring fishing.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"De","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of sjökaptenerna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"gamla","lemma":"gammal","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies sjökaptenerna","gloss":"old"},{"surface":"sjökaptenerna","lemma":"sjökaptenerna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of bli","gloss":"the sea captains"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ansiktena","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of ansiktena","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"väderbitna","lemma":"väderbitna","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies ansiktena","gloss":"weather-beaten"},{"surface":"ansiktena","lemma":"ansikte","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"modifies sjökaptenerna","gloss":"the faces"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of bli","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies bli","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"kunnat","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, supine","role":"auxiliary of bli","gloss":"been able to"},{"surface":"bli","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"sittande","lemma":"sitta","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"complement of bli","gloss":"sitting"},{"surface":"hemma","lemma":"hemma","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bli","gloss":"at home"},{"surface":"utan","lemma":"utan","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but rather","note":"follows a negated clause, contrasting it with what actually happened."},{"surface":"följde","lemma":"följde","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with bli","gloss":"followed"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ångbåtarna","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"ångbåtarna","lemma":"ångbåt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of följde","gloss":"steamboats"},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies följde","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"söder","lemma":"söder","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase mot","gloss":"south"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"åtminstone","lemma":"åtminstone","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies se","gloss":"at least"},{"surface":"få","lemma":"få","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of se","gloss":"get to"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on följde","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sillfisket","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"sillfisket","lemma":"sillfisk","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of se","gloss":"the herring fishing"}]},{"number":68,"label":"20","id":"ch51-p20-s1","source":"Det dröjde inte länge, förrän vildgässen hade kommit fram till Marstrand.","translation":"It was not long before the wild geese had reached Marstrand.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with dröjde","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"dröjde","lemma":"dröj","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"was long in coming","note":"Idiomatic: \"det dröjde inte länge\" = \"it was not long before.\""},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies dröjde","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"länge","lemma":"länge","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies dröjde","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"förrän","lemma":"förrän","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kommit","gloss":"before","note":"used with a preceding negative to mean 'no sooner than'."},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kommit","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of kommit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"kommit","lemma":"komma","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"in apposition to dröjde","gloss":"come"},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on kommit","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Marstrand","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Marstrand","lemma":"Marstrand","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of kommit","gloss":"Marstrand","note":"Swedish coastal town name."}]},{"number":69,"label":"","id":"ch51-p20-s2","source":"Sillstimmen kommo västerifrån och gingo förbi Hamneskärs fyr in mot land.","translation":"The herring shoals came from the west and passed the Hamneskär lighthouse in toward land.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Sillstimmen","lemma":"sillstimm","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of kommo","gloss":"the herring shoals"},{"surface":"kommo","lemma":"kommo","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"came","note":"kommo is the archaic plural past tense of komma 'to come', not an infinitive despite the tag."},{"surface":"västerifrån","lemma":"västerifrån","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of kommo","gloss":"from the west","note":"Actually the adverb 'västerifrån', mistagged as a noun."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"gingo","lemma":"gingo","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with västerifrån","gloss":"went","note":"Past plural of gå (to go); mistagged as an adjective."},{"surface":"förbi","lemma":"förbi","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with kommo","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"Hamneskärs","lemma":"Hamneskärs","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"direct object of kommo","gloss":"Hamneskär's"},{"surface":"fyr","lemma":"fyr","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of kommo","gloss":"lighthouse"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies kommo","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"mot","lemma":"mot","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking land","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"land","lemma":"land","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of in","gloss":"land"}]},{"number":70,"label":"","id":"ch51-p20-s3","source":"På den vida fjorden mellan Marstrandsön och Paternoster-skären foro fiskarbåtarna tre och tre i sällskap.","translation":"On the broad fjord between Marstrand Island and the Paternoster skerries, the fishing boats traveled three and three together.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"På","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fjorden","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of fjorden","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"vida","lemma":"vid","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies fjorden","gloss":"wide"},{"surface":"fjorden","lemma":"fjord","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"the fjord"},{"surface":"mellan","lemma":"mellan","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Marstrandsön","gloss":"between"},{"surface":"Marstrandsön","lemma":"Marstrandsön","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"modifies fjorden","gloss":"Marstrand Island"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Paternoster-skären","lemma":"Paternoster-skären","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with Marstrandsön","gloss":"the Paternoster skerries"},{"surface":"foro","lemma":"foro","morphology":"adverb","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"traveled","note":"Historical plural past form of fara."},{"surface":"fiskarbåtarna","lemma":"fiskarbåt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with Marstrandsön","gloss":"the fishing boats"},{"surface":"tre","lemma":"tre","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies fiskarbåtarna","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"tre","lemma":"tre","morphology":"numeral, nominative","role":"quantifies tre","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sällskap","gloss":"together"},{"surface":"sällskap","lemma":"sällskap","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies fiskarbåtarna","gloss":"company"}]},{"number":71,"label":"","id":"ch51-p20-s4","source":"Där vattnet mörknade och krusade sig i små, korta böljor, visste fiskarna, att det fanns sill, och där lade de försiktigt ut långa vadar i vattnet, förde dem samman i rundel, snörpte ihop dem i bottnen, så att sillen låg som i en ofantlig säck, drogo och snörpte på nytt, tills utrymmet blev allt trängre och de glittrande fiskarna kunde håvas upp ur djupet av vaden.","translation":"Where the water darkened and rippled in small, short waves, the fishermen knew there was herring, and there they carefully laid out long seines in the water, drew them together into a circle, cinched them at the bottom so that the herring lay as if in an enormous sack, hauled and cinched again, until the space grew ever narrower and the glittering fish could be scooped up out of the depths of the seine.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"vaden","title":"The seine net","body":"«vad» (here «vaden», definite) is a long seine net that a boat crew — a «vadlag» — pays out in a circle around a school of fish, then draws closed at the bottom to trap the catch, described step by step in this sentence."}],"words":[{"surface":"Där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies vattnet","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"vattnet","lemma":"vatten","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of förde","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"mörknade","lemma":"mörkna","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"depends on vattnet","gloss":"darkened"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"krusade","lemma":"krusa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with mörknade","gloss":"rippled"},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of mörknade","gloss":"itself"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking små","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"små","lemma":"liten","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"oblique complement of mörknade","gloss":"small"},{"surface":"korta","lemma":"kort","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies böljor","gloss":"short"},{"surface":"böljor","lemma":"bölja","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with små","gloss":"waves"},{"surface":"visste","lemma":"visste","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with vattnet","gloss":"knew"},{"surface":"fiskarna","lemma":"fiskare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of visste","gloss":"fishermen","note":"The definite plural 'fiskarna' is orthographically identical for 'fiskare' (fishermen) and 'fisk' (fish). In example ch20-p2-s2 ('...måtte ha lockat fiskarna...') it is the fish being lured by torchlight, not fishermen — that example belongs to a different lemma and should not be glossed 'fishermen'."},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fanns","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with fanns","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"fanns","lemma":"finnas","morphology":"verb, past, indicative","role":"clausal complement of visste","gloss":"there was","note":"existential verb; fanns = 'there was/were, existed.'"},{"surface":"sill","lemma":"sill","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fanns","gloss":"herring"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lade","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"lade","lemma":"la","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with vattnet","gloss":"laid","note":"\"lade han märke till\" is the fixed idiom lägga märke till (\"to notice\"), not literal \"laid\"."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of lade","gloss":"they","note":"surfaces are actually the plural pronoun de, not a form of en."},{"surface":"försiktigt","lemma":"försiktig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies lade","gloss":"carefully"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on lade","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"långa","lemma":"lång","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies vadar","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"vadar","lemma":"vad","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of lade","gloss":"seines"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vattnet","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"vattnet","lemma":"vatten","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of lade","gloss":"water"},{"surface":"förde","lemma":"föra","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"drew","note":"Second example 'en smal stig, som förde inåt skogen' = 'a narrow path that led into the forest' — a path leading, not carrying — a distinct sense from the first example ('förde ju lycka med sig' = 'brought good luck')."},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of förde","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"samman","lemma":"samman","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on förde","gloss":"together"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking rundel","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"rundel","lemma":"rundel","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of förde","gloss":"circle"},{"surface":"snörpte","lemma":"snörpte","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"coordinated with förde","gloss":"cinched"},{"surface":"ihop","lemma":"ihop","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on snörpte","gloss":"together"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"direct object of snörpte","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bottnen","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"bottnen","lemma":"bottn","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"modifies snörpte","gloss":"the bottom"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"introduces the clause of låg","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase så","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"sillen","lemma":"sill","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of låg","gloss":"herring"},{"surface":"låg","lemma":"ligga","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"adverbial clause on snörpte","gloss":"lay","note":"mistagged as adjective; the surface 'låg' here is the past tense of ligga 'to lie', not the unrelated adjective låg 'low'."},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"preposition marking säck","gloss":"as if"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking säck","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of säck","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ofantlig","lemma":"ofantlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies säck","gloss":"immense"},{"surface":"säck","lemma":"säck","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of låg","gloss":"sack"},{"surface":"drogo","lemma":"drogo","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"coordinated with säck","gloss":"hauled","note":"past plural of dra used intransitively ('moved, traveled'); mistagged as pronoun."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"snörpte","lemma":"snörpte","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"coordinated with säck","gloss":"cinched"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking nytt","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"nytt","lemma":"ny","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies snörpte","gloss":"new"},{"surface":"tills","lemma":"tills","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of blev","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"utrymmet","lemma":"utrymme","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"subject of blev","gloss":"space"},{"surface":"blev","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with förde","gloss":"became"},{"surface":"allt","lemma":"allt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies trängre","gloss":"ever"},{"surface":"trängre","lemma":"trängre","morphology":"adjective, nominative, comparative","role":"subject of passive håvas","gloss":"narrower"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of fiskarna","gloss":"the","note":"Surfaces 'de/De' are ambiguous with the plural pronoun 'de' = 'they'. Example ch01-p9-s2 ('De voro ett fattigt husmansfolk' = 'They were poor cottar folk') is genuinely the pronoun 'they', not the definite article 'the' — the single fixed gloss 'the' is wrong for that occurrence. Definite plural article ('de') used before an adjective plus noun, e.g. de stora träskorna, 'the big clogs.'"},{"surface":"glittrande","lemma":"glittra","morphology":"adjective, nominative","role":"modifies fiskarna","gloss":"glittering","note":"Mistagged as adjective; it is the present participle 'glittrande' of 'glittra' (to glitter)."},{"surface":"fiskarna","lemma":"fiskare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of passive håvas","gloss":"fish","note":"The definite plural 'fiskarna' is orthographically identical for 'fiskare' (fishermen) and 'fisk' (fish). In example ch20-p2-s2 ('...måtte ha lockat fiskarna...') it is the fish being lured by torchlight, not fishermen — that example belongs to a different lemma and should not be glossed 'fishermen'."},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of håvas","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"håvas","lemma":"håva","morphology":"verb, passive, infinitive","role":"complement of blev","gloss":"be scooped up"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on håvas","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"ur","lemma":"ur","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking djupet","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"djupet","lemma":"djup","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of håvas","gloss":"depth"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking vaden","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"vaden","lemma":"vad","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies djupet","gloss":"seine"}]},{"number":72,"label":"21","id":"ch51-p21-s1","source":"Några båtlag hade redan hunnit så långt med fisket, att de hade båtarna fulla med sill ända till relingen.","translation":"Some boat crews had already gotten so far along with the fishing that they had their boats full of herring right up to the gunwale.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Några","lemma":"någon","morphology":"determiner, plural","role":"determiner of båtlag","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"båtlag","lemma":"båtlag","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of hunnit","gloss":"boat crews"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of hunnit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"redan","lemma":"redan","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hunnit","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"hunnit","lemma":"hinna","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"gotten so far"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies långt","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"långt","lemma":"långt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies hunnit","gloss":"far"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fisket","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"fisket","lemma":"fiske","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of hunnit","gloss":"fishing"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of hade","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of hade","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on hunnit","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"båtarna","lemma":"båtarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of hade","gloss":"the boats"},{"surface":"fulla","lemma":"full","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies hade","gloss":"full"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking relingen","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sill","lemma":"sill","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase med","gloss":"herring"},{"surface":"ända","lemma":"ända","morphology":"adverb","role":"part of the phrase med","gloss":"all the way"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking relingen","gloss":"up to"},{"surface":"relingen","lemma":"reling","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of hade","gloss":"the gunwale"}]},{"number":73,"label":"","id":"ch51-p21-s2","source":"Fiskarna stodo till knäna i sill och blänkte av sillfjäll från sydvästen till randen av den gula oljerocken.","translation":"The fishermen stood knee-deep in herring and gleamed with herring scales from their sou'wester to the edge of their yellow oilskin coat.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"sydvästen... oljerocken","title":"A fisherman's oilskins","body":"«sydväst» ('sou'wester') is the wide-brimmed waterproof hat, and «oljerock» the oilskin coat — standard foul-weather gear for Bohuslän fishermen, here glittering all over with herring scales."}],"words":[{"surface":"Fiskarna","lemma":"Fiskarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of stodo","gloss":"the fishermen"},{"surface":"stodo","lemma":"stodo","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking knäna","gloss":"up to"},{"surface":"knäna","lemma":"knäna","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of stodo","gloss":"knee-deep"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies knäna","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"sill","lemma":"sill","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase i","gloss":"herring"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"blänkte","lemma":"blänkte","morphology":"verb, imperative, active","role":"coordinated with sill","gloss":"gleamed","note":"Actually the past tense of blänka \"to gleam\", mislabeled as imperative."},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sillfjäll","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"sillfjäll","lemma":"sillfjäll","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies blänkte","gloss":"herring scales"},{"surface":"från","lemma":"från","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sydvästen","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"sydvästen","lemma":"sydväst","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of i","gloss":"sou'wester"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking randen","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"randen","lemma":"rande","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of i","gloss":"the edge"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking oljerocken","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of oljerocken","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"gula","lemma":"gul","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies oljerocken","gloss":"yellow"},{"surface":"oljerocken","lemma":"oljerock","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies randen","gloss":"the oilskin coat"}]},{"number":74,"label":"22","id":"ch51-p22-s1","source":"Så fanns det nykomna vadlag, som foro omkring och lodade och sökte efter sill, och andra, som med stort besvär hade fått vaden utlagd, men fingo taga upp den tom.","translation":"Then there were newly arrived seine crews who cruised about sounding and searching for herring, and others who, with great trouble, had gotten the seine laid out, only to have to haul it up empty.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fanns","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"fanns","lemma":"finnas","morphology":"verb, past, indicative","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"there was","note":"existential verb; fanns = 'there was/were, existed.'"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of vadlag","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"nykomna","lemma":"nykomn","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies vadlag","gloss":"newly arrived"},{"surface":"vadlag","lemma":"vadlag","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of fanns","gloss":"seine crews"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"subject of passive foro","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"foro","lemma":"foro","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"in apposition to vadlag","gloss":"went","note":"Mistagged as a noun; foro is the plural past tense of fara (\"went/traveled\")."},{"surface":"omkring","lemma":"omkring","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies foro","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lodade","lemma":"loda","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with omkring","gloss":"sounded the depth"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sökte","lemma":"söka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with foro","gloss":"searched"},{"surface":"efter","lemma":"efter","morphology":"preposition","role":"modifies sökte","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"sill","lemma":"sill","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase efter","gloss":"herring"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"coordinated with foro","gloss":"others"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of fått","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking besvär","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"stort","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies besvär","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"besvär","lemma":"besvär","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of fått","gloss":"trouble"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of fått","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"fått","lemma":"få","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"relative clause on andra","gloss":"gotten"},{"surface":"vaden","lemma":"vad","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of fått","gloss":"seine"},{"surface":"utlagd","lemma":"utlagd","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies fått","gloss":"laid out"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"fingo","lemma":"fingo","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"subject of taga","gloss":"got","note":"Mistagged as a noun; fingo is the archaic plural past tense of få (\"got/were given\")."},{"surface":"taga","lemma":"taga","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with fanns","gloss":"take","note":"Older spelling of 'ta' (to take)."},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on taga","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of tom","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"tom","lemma":"tom","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies taga","gloss":"empty"}]},{"number":75,"label":"","id":"ch51-p22-s2","source":"När båtarna voro fulla, begåvo sig somliga av fiskarna fram till stora ångbåtar, som lågo på fjorden, och sålde sin fångst, andra reste in till Marstrand och lossade sin last vid kajen.","translation":"When the boats were full, some of the fishermen made their way to large steamboats lying on the fjord and sold their catch, while others went in to Marstrand and unloaded their cargo at the quay.","audio":null,"notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"begåvo sig","title":"Reflexive movement verb, archaic plural","body":"«begiva sig» ('to betake oneself, set off') is reflexive; «begåvo» is its old plural preterite (subject «somliga» = 'some [of them]'), matching the same 1906 plural-verb pattern seen in «äro» and «hunno»."}],"words":[{"surface":"När","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of begåvo","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"båtarna","lemma":"båtarna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of begåvo","gloss":"the boats"},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"depends on begåvo","gloss":"were","note":"archaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective."},{"surface":"fulla","lemma":"full","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies begåvo","gloss":"full"},{"surface":"begåvo","lemma":"begåvo","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on reste","gloss":"set off","note":"Archaic plural past tense of 'begiva sig' (to betake oneself)."},{"surface":"sig","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, accusative","role":"direct object of begåvo","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"somliga","lemma":"somlig","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"direct object of begåvo","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fiskarna","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"fiskarna","lemma":"fiskare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies somliga","gloss":"fishermen","note":"The definite plural 'fiskarna' is orthographically identical for 'fiskare' (fishermen) and 'fisk' (fish). In example ch20-p2-s2 ('...måtte ha lockat fiskarna...') it is the fish being lured by torchlight, not fishermen — that example belongs to a different lemma and should not be glossed 'fishermen'."},{"surface":"fram","lemma":"fram","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies begåvo","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ångbåtar","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"stora","lemma":"stor","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies ångbåtar","gloss":"big"},{"surface":"ångbåtar","lemma":"ångbåt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of fram","gloss":"steamboats"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"subject of lågo","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"lågo","lemma":"lågo","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"clause modifying ångbåtar","gloss":"lay","note":"mistagged as a noun; this is the archaic plural past tense of ligga 'to lie' (they lay)."},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fjorden","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"fjorden","lemma":"fjord","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of lågo","gloss":"the fjord"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sålde","lemma":"såla","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with begåvo","gloss":"sold","note":"Past tense of sälja (\"to sell\"); the given lemma \"såla\" is a tagging artifact."},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of fångst","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"fångst","lemma":"fångst","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of sålde","gloss":"catch"},{"surface":"andra","lemma":"annan","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"subject of reste","gloss":"others"},{"surface":"reste","lemma":"reste","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"in","lemma":"in","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on reste","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"till","lemma":"till","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking Marstrand","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Marstrand","lemma":"Marstrand","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of reste","gloss":"Marstrand","note":"Swedish coastal town name."},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lossade","lemma":"lossa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with reste","gloss":"unloaded"},{"surface":"sin","lemma":"sig","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"possessor of last","gloss":"their"},{"surface":"last","lemma":"last","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of lossade","gloss":"cargo"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking kajen","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"kajen","lemma":"kaj","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of lossade","gloss":"the quay"}]},{"number":76,"label":"","id":"ch51-p22-s3","source":"Där hade redan sillrenserskorna börjat arbeta vid långa bord, sill packades i tunnor och lådor, och sillfjällen täckte hela gatan.","translation":"There the herring-cleaning women had already begun working at long tables, herring was packed into barrels and crates, and herring scales covered the whole street.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies börjat","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"hade","lemma":"ha","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of börjat","gloss":"had"},{"surface":"redan","lemma":"redan","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies börjat","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"sillrenserskorna","lemma":"sillrenserskorna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of börjat","gloss":"the herring-cleaning women"},{"surface":"börjat","lemma":"börja","morphology":"verb, active, supine","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"begun"},{"surface":"arbeta","lemma":"arbeta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of börjat","gloss":"work"},{"surface":"vid","lemma":"vid","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking bord","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"långa","lemma":"lång","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies bord","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"bord","lemma":"bord","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, plural","role":"oblique complement of arbeta","gloss":"tables"},{"surface":"sill","lemma":"sill","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of passive packades","gloss":"herring"},{"surface":"packades","lemma":"packa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, passive","role":"parallel clause to börjat","gloss":"was packed"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking tunnor","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"tunnor","lemma":"tunna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"oblique complement of packades","gloss":"barrels"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"lådor","lemma":"låda","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"coordinated with tunnor","gloss":"crates"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sillfjällen","lemma":"sillfjäll","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of täckte","gloss":"herring scales"},{"surface":"täckte","lemma":"täcka","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with börjat","gloss":"covered"},{"surface":"hela","lemma":"hel","morphology":"adjective, nominative, singular","role":"modifies gatan","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"gatan","lemma":"gata","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of täckte","gloss":"street"}]},{"number":77,"label":"23","id":"ch51-p23-s1","source":"Det var ett liv och en rörelse.","translation":"It was a scene of bustle and commotion.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"subject of liv","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to liv","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"ett","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of liv","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"liv","lemma":"liv","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"bustle"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of rörelse","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"rörelse","lemma":"rörelse","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with liv","gloss":"movement"}]},{"number":78,"label":"","id":"ch51-p23-s2","source":"Människorna voro som yra i huvudet av glädje över allt detta havets silver, som de öste upp ur vågorna, och vildgässen foro många gånger runt Marstrandsön, för att pojken riktigt skulle få se alltsammans.","translation":"The people were as if giddy with joy over all this silver of the sea that they scooped up out of the waves, and the wild geese flew many times around Marstrand Island so that the boy might really get to see it all.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Människorna","lemma":"Människorna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"subject of voro","gloss":"the people"},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"were","note":"archaic plural past tense of vara ('to be'), used alongside var; a historical form, not a true adjective."},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"subject of yra","gloss":"as if"},{"surface":"yra","lemma":"yra","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"complement of voro","gloss":"giddy"},{"surface":"i","lemma":"i","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking huvudet","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"huvudet","lemma":"huvud","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of yra","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking yra","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"glädje","lemma":"glädje","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of yra","gloss":"joy"},{"surface":"över","lemma":"över","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking silver","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"allt","lemma":"all","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of silver","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"detta","lemma":"denna","morphology":"determiner, neuter, singular","role":"determiner of silver","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"havets","lemma":"hav","morphology":"noun, genitive, neuter, singular","role":"possessor of silver","gloss":"sea's"},{"surface":"silver","lemma":"silver","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"oblique complement of yra","gloss":"silver"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"oblique complement of öste","gloss":"that","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of öste","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"öste","lemma":"ösa","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on silver","gloss":"scooped up"},{"surface":"upp","lemma":"upp","morphology":"adverb","role":"depends on öste","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"ur","lemma":"ur","morphology":"preposition","role":"depends on öste","gloss":"out of"},{"surface":"vågorna","lemma":"vågorna","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"direct object of öste","gloss":"the waves"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"vildgässen","lemma":"vildgässe","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"part of the phrase och","gloss":"the wild geese","note":"attested only in the plural surface vildgässen; the collective noun for the wild-goose flock."},{"surface":"foro","lemma":"foro","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"coordinated with voro","gloss":"traveled","note":"Archaic past plural of fara ('to travel/fly'); lemma tagged as noun but is a verb form."},{"surface":"många","lemma":"många","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies gånger","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"gånger","lemma":"gång","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"quantifies foro","gloss":"times"},{"surface":"runt","lemma":"runt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies Marstrandsön","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"Marstrandsön","lemma":"Marstrandsön","morphology":"proper noun, nominative","role":"oblique complement of foro","gloss":"Marstrand Island"},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"introduces the clause of se","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase för","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"pojken","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of se","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"riktigt","lemma":"riktig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies se","gloss":"truly"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of se","gloss":"might"},{"surface":"få","lemma":"få","morphology":"auxiliary verb, active, infinitive","role":"auxiliary of se","gloss":"get to"},{"surface":"se","lemma":"se","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"adverbial clause on foro","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"alltsammans","lemma":"alltsammans","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"direct object of se","gloss":"all of it"}]},{"number":79,"label":"24","id":"ch51-p24-s1","source":"Rätt snart bad han ändå, att de skulle fara vidare.","translation":"Quite soon, though, he asked that they travel on.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Rätt","lemma":"Rätt","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies snart","gloss":"quite"},{"surface":"snart","lemma":"snart","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bad","gloss":"soon"},{"surface":"bad","lemma":"be","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"asked"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of bad","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ändå","lemma":"ändå","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bad","gloss":"though"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of fara","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"de","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, plural","role":"subject of fara","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"skulle","lemma":"skola","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of fara","gloss":"should"},{"surface":"fara","lemma":"fara","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clausal complement of bad","gloss":"go","note":"some listed surfaces (fara, far) are actually forms of the unrelated verb fara 'to travel/go'; gloss the noun sense danger for the noun-tagged type."},{"surface":"vidare","lemma":"vidare","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies fara","gloss":"further"}]},{"number":80,"label":"","id":"ch51-p24-s2","source":"Han sade inte varför han ville bort, men det var kanske inte svårt att gissa.","translation":"He did not say why he wanted to get away, but it was perhaps not hard to guess.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of sade","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"sade","lemma":"säga","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"said"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies sade","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"varför","lemma":"varför","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ville","gloss":"why"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of ville","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"ville","lemma":"vilja","morphology":"verb, past, indicative, active","role":"clausal complement of sade","gloss":"wanted"},{"surface":"bort","lemma":"bort","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ville","gloss":"away"},{"surface":"men","lemma":"men","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with svårt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to svårt","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"kanske","lemma":"kanske","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies svårt","gloss":"perhaps"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies svårt","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"svårt","lemma":"svår","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with sade","gloss":"difficult"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of gissa","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"gissa","lemma":"gissa","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on svårt","gloss":"guess"}]},{"number":81,"label":"","id":"ch51-p24-s3","source":"Det fanns mycket grant och ståtligt folk bland fiskarna.","translation":"There were many fine and stately people among the fishermen.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with fanns","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"fanns","lemma":"finnas","morphology":"verb, past, indicative","role":"main verb of the sentence","gloss":"there was","note":"existential verb; fanns = 'there was/were, existed.'"},{"surface":"mycket","lemma":"mycket","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies grant","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"grant","lemma":"grant","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies fanns","gloss":"fine/splendid"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ståtligt","lemma":"ståtlig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"modifies folk","gloss":"magnificently"},{"surface":"folk","lemma":"folk","morphology":"noun, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"coordinated with fanns","gloss":"people"},{"surface":"bland","lemma":"bland","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking fiskarna","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"fiskarna","lemma":"fiskare","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies folk","gloss":"fishermen","note":"The definite plural 'fiskarna' is orthographically identical for 'fiskare' (fishermen) and 'fisk' (fish). In example ch20-p2-s2 ('...måtte ha lockat fiskarna...') it is the fish being lured by torchlight, not fishermen — that example belongs to a different lemma and should not be glossed 'fishermen'."}]},{"number":82,"label":"","id":"ch51-p24-s4","source":"Flera av dem voro resliga karlar med djärva ansikten under sydvästen och sågo så där oförvägna och trotsiga ut, som varenda pojke önskar, att han själv måtte göra, när han blir vuxen.","translation":"Several of them were tall, well-built men with bold faces under their sou'westers, and looked just as fearless and defiant as every boy wishes he himself will look, once he is grown.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Flera","lemma":"Flera","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"several"},{"surface":"av","lemma":"av","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking dem","gloss":"of"},{"surface":"dem","lemma":"de","morphology":"pronoun, accusative, plural","role":"modifies Flera","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"voro","lemma":"voro","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"depends on karlar","gloss":"were","note":"mistagged as a pronoun; this is the archaic plural past tense of vara 'to be'."},{"surface":"resliga","lemma":"reslig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"modifies karlar","gloss":"tall"},{"surface":"karlar","lemma":"karl","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, plural","role":"modifies Flera","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"med","lemma":"med","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking ansikten","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"djärva","lemma":"djärva","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies ansikten","gloss":"bold","note":"inflected plural of the adjective djärv (bold), mistagged as a noun."},{"surface":"ansikten","lemma":"ansikt","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies karlar","gloss":"faces"},{"surface":"under","lemma":"under","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sydvästen","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"sydvästen","lemma":"sydväst","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"modifies Flera","gloss":"sou'westers"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"sågo","lemma":"sågo","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"coordinated with Flera","gloss":"saw","note":"mistagged as present tense; this is the archaic plural past tense of se 'to see' (they saw)."},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sågo","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"där","lemma":"där","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies sågo","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"oförvägna","lemma":"oförvägen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"direct object of sågo","gloss":"fearless"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"trotsiga","lemma":"trotsig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, plural","role":"coordinated with oförvägna","gloss":"defiant"},{"surface":"ut","lemma":"ut","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinated with oförvägna","gloss":"look"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of önskar","gloss":"as","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"varenda","lemma":"varenda","morphology":"determiner, singular","role":"determiner of pojke","gloss":"every single"},{"surface":"pojke","lemma":"pojke","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of önskar","gloss":"boy"},{"surface":"önskar","lemma":"önska","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"relative clause on Flera","gloss":"wishes"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of göra","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of göra","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"själv","lemma":"själv","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clause modifying han","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"måtte","lemma":"måtte","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies göra","gloss":"must","note":"Modal verb (cognate of måste), mistagged as adverb. Bare måtte means \"must\"; the perfect sense (\"must have\") comes only from an adjacent ha + supine, as in the måtte komma sig example, which translates as plain \"must.\""},{"surface":"göra","lemma":"göra","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"clausal complement of önskar","gloss":"look"},{"surface":"när","lemma":"när","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"introduces the clause of blir","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"han","lemma":"han","morphology":"pronoun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"subject of blir","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"blir","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, present, indicative, active","role":"adverbial clause on göra","gloss":"becomes"},{"surface":"vuxen","lemma":"vuxen","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of blir","gloss":"grown up"}]},{"number":83,"label":"","id":"ch51-p24-s5","source":"Det var kanske inte så roligt att sitta och titta på sådana för den, som själv aldrig kunde bli längre än en sill.","translation":"It was perhaps not so pleasant to sit and look at such men, for one who could himself never grow to be any longer than a herring.","audio":null,"notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Det","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, neuter, singular","role":"expletive with roligt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"var","lemma":"vara","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"copula linking to roligt","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"kanske","lemma":"kanske","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies roligt","gloss":"perhaps"},{"surface":"inte","lemma":"inte","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies roligt","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"så","lemma":"så","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies roligt","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"roligt","lemma":"rolig","morphology":"adjective, nominative, neuter, singular","role":"head of the phrase","gloss":"fun"},{"surface":"att","lemma":"att","morphology":"particle","role":"introduces the clause of sitta","gloss":"to","note":"infinitive marker before a verb."},{"surface":"sitta","lemma":"sitta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"depends on roligt","gloss":"to sit"},{"surface":"och","lemma":"och","morphology":"conjunction","role":"links the coordination","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"titta","lemma":"titta","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"coordinated with sitta","gloss":"to look"},{"surface":"på","lemma":"på","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking sådana","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"sådana","lemma":"sån","morphology":"pronoun, plural","role":"oblique complement of sitta","gloss":"such","note":"Colloquial/old plural of sådan ('such')."},{"surface":"för","lemma":"för","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition marking den","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"den","lemma":"den","morphology":"pronoun, common gender, singular","role":"oblique complement of roligt","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"som","lemma":"som","morphology":"pronoun","role":"subject of bli","gloss":"who","note":"Three of this key's four examples ('som om far skulle...', 'för just som han stod...', 'som de är borta') are actually the conjunctive 'as'/'while' use, not the relative pronoun 'that/which' shown by 'länstolen, som blev köpt...'. The glosser's original senses list (that/who/which) omitted the dominant 'as' reading entirely."},{"surface":"själv","lemma":"själv","morphology":"adjective, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"clause modifying som","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"aldrig","lemma":"aldrig","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies bli","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"kunde","lemma":"kunna","morphology":"auxiliary verb, past, indicative, active","role":"auxiliary of bli","gloss":"could"},{"surface":"bli","lemma":"bli","morphology":"verb, active, infinitive","role":"relative clause on den","gloss":"become"},{"surface":"längre","lemma":"länge","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies en","gloss":"longer"},{"surface":"än","lemma":"än","morphology":"subordinating conjunction","role":"part of the phrase längre","gloss":"than"},{"surface":"en","lemma":"en","morphology":"determiner, common gender, singular","role":"determiner of sill","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"sill","lemma":"sill","morphology":"noun, nominative, common gender, singular","role":"complement of bli","gloss":"herring"}]}]}