{"work":{"slug":"odyssey","title":{"source":"Ὀδύσσεια","translated":"The Odyssey"},"author":"Homer","language":"Ancient Greek","languageCode":"grc","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey"},"unit":{"kind":"book","number":15,"id":"book-15","title":{"source":"Ὀδυσσείας ο","translated":"Book 15 — Telemachus Sails Home; The Seer Theoclymenus"},"section":"The Homecoming","summary":"Athena sends Telemachus home and warns him of the ambush. He takes a fugitive prophet aboard. Eumaeus tells how he was sold as a child.","url":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/15","lines":557},"previous":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/14","next":"https://1732studios.com/books/odyssey/16","license":"Source text: public domain (Homer, ancient; Greek per the Murray/Allen text via the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 3.0). English translation: © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC — original line-aligned draft, pending editorial review. Word-by-word morphology and syntax derived from the Perseus Ancient Greek Dependency Treebank (CC BY-SA 3.0); English glosses and notes © 2026 1732 Studios, LLC.","audioBase":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/","lines":[{"number":1,"label":"1","id":"b15-l1","source":"ἡ δʼ εἰς εὐρύχορον Λακεδαίμονα Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη","translation":"But Pallas Athena went to Lacedaemon of the wide dancing-grounds,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l1.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἡ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but/and","note":"δέ is a postpositive connective particle continuing the narrative; it never stands as the first word of its clause."},{"surface":"εἰς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to, into"},{"surface":"εὐρύχορον","lemma":"εὐρύχορος","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies Λακεδαίμονα","gloss":"wide-dancing"},{"surface":"Λακεδαίμονα","lemma":"Λακεδαίμων","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of εἰς","gloss":"Lacedaemon"},{"surface":"Παλλὰς","lemma":"παλλάς","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"modifies Ἀθήνη","gloss":"Pallas","note":"Epic epithet-name pair Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη forms a fixed formula filling the verse-end."},{"surface":"Ἀθήνη","lemma":"ʼἀθήνη","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"Athena"}]},{"number":2,"label":"2","id":"b15-l2","source":"ᾤχετʼ, Ὀδυσσῆος μεγαθύμου φαίδιμον υἱὸν","translation":"to remind the glorious son of great-hearted Odysseus","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l2.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ᾤχετ","lemma":"οἴχομαι","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"went, departed","note":"Imperfect of οἴχομαι, 'was on her way' — durative, sets scene before arrival."},{"surface":"Ὀδυσσῆος","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies υἱὸν","gloss":"of Odysseus"},{"surface":"μεγαθύμου","lemma":"μεγάθυμος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ὀδυσσῆος","gloss":"great-hearted"},{"surface":"φαίδιμον","lemma":"φαίδιμος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies υἱὸν","gloss":"glorious, splendid"},{"surface":"υἱὸν","lemma":"υἱός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"son"}]},{"number":3,"label":"3","id":"b15-l3","source":"νόστου ὑπομνήσουσα καὶ ὀτρυνέουσα νέεσθαι.","translation":"of his return, and to urge him to set out for home.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l3.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"νόστου","lemma":"νόστος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"object of ὑπομνήσουσα","gloss":"of return/homecoming","note":"νόστος, the poem's central theme word — 'the return'."},{"surface":"ὑπομνήσουσα","lemma":"ὑπομιμνήσκω","morphology":"future active participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"to remind","note":"Future participle expressing purpose: 'in order to remind'."},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὀτρυνέουσα","lemma":"ὀτρύνω","morphology":"future active participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"to urge on","note":"Second future participle of purpose, paired with ὑπομνήσουσα."},{"surface":"νέεσθαι","lemma":"νέομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive infinitive","role":"object of ὀτρυνέουσα","gloss":"to go home"}]},{"number":4,"label":"4","id":"b15-l4","source":"εὗρε δὲ Τηλέμαχον καὶ Νέστορος ἀγλαὸν υἱὸν","translation":"She found Telemachus and the splendid son of Nestor","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l4.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εὗρε","lemma":"εὑρίσκω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"she found"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Τηλέμαχον","lemma":"Τηλέμαχος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"Telemachus"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Νέστορος","lemma":"Νέστωρ","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies υἱὸν","gloss":"of Nestor"},{"surface":"ἀγλαὸν","lemma":"ἀγλαός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies υἱὸν","gloss":"splendid"},{"surface":"υἱὸν","lemma":"υἱός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ,","gloss":"son"}]},{"number":5,"label":"5","id":"b15-l5","source":"εὕδοντʼ ἐν προδόμῳ Μενελάου κυδαλίμοιο,","translation":"sleeping in the forecourt of glorious Menelaus,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l5.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εὕδοντ","lemma":"εὕδω","morphology":"present active participle, accusative dual masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"sleeping","note":"Accusative dual form — treebank marks it dual (Telemachus and Nestor's son together), though 'sleeping' reads as a single act shared by both."},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"προδόμῳ","lemma":"πρόδομος","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐν","gloss":"forecourt, porch"},{"surface":"Μενελάου","lemma":"Μενέλαος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies προδόμῳ","gloss":"of Menelaus"},{"surface":"κυδαλίμοιο","lemma":"κυδάλιμος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Μενελάου","gloss":"glorious"}]},{"number":6,"label":"6","id":"b15-l6","source":"ἦ τοι Νεστορίδην μαλακῷ δεδμημένον ὕπνῳ·","translation":"Nestor's son, that is, overcome by gentle sleep;","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l6.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἦ","lemma":"ἦ","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed, truly"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"τοι","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"in truth","note":"ἦ τοι: emphatic opening particle pair, common at line-start to mark a fresh clause."},{"surface":"Νεστορίδην","lemma":"Νεστορίδης","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ,","gloss":"son of Nestor"},{"surface":"μαλακῷ","lemma":"μαλακός","morphology":"dative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ὕπνῳ","gloss":"gentle, soft"},{"surface":"δεδμημένον","lemma":"δαμάζω","morphology":"perfect medio-passive participle, accusative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"overpowered","note":"Perfect passive participle of δαμάζω, 'tamed/mastered by' — sleep as a conquering force."},{"surface":"ὕπνῳ","lemma":"ὕπνος","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object of δεδμημένον","gloss":"sleep"}]},{"number":7,"label":"7","id":"b15-l7","source":"Τηλέμαχον δʼ οὐχ ὕπνος ἔχε γλυκύς, ἀλλʼ ἐνὶ θυμῷ","translation":"but sweet sleep did not hold Telemachus; instead, in his heart","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l7.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Τηλέμαχον","lemma":"Τηλέμαχος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἔχε","gloss":"Telemachus"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"οὐχ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ὕπνος","lemma":"ὕπνος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἔχε","gloss":"sleep"},{"surface":"ἔχε","lemma":"ἔχω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"held, gripped","note":"ἔχω of sleep 'holding' someone is a common Homeric idiom for falling/staying asleep."},{"surface":"γλυκύς","lemma":"γλυκύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ὕπνος","gloss":"sweet"},{"surface":"ἀλλ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"θυμῷ","lemma":"θυμός","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐνὶ","gloss":"heart, spirit"}]},{"number":8,"label":"8","id":"b15-l8","source":"νύκτα διʼ ἀμβροσίην μελεδήματα πατρὸς ἔγειρεν.","translation":"all through the immortal night cares for his father kept him awake.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l8.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"νύκτα","lemma":"νύξ","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to δι᾽","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"δι","lemma":"διά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"through","note":"νύκτα διά with accusative: 'through(out) the night' — preposition follows its noun (anastrophe), common in verse."},{"surface":"ἀμβροσίην","lemma":"ἀμβρόσιος","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies νύκτα","gloss":"immortal, divine"},{"surface":"μελεδήματα","lemma":"μελέδημα","morphology":"nominative plural neuter noun","role":"subject of ἔγειρεν","gloss":"cares, worries"},{"surface":"πατρὸς","lemma":"πατήρ","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies μελεδήματα","gloss":"of his father"},{"surface":"ἔγειρεν","lemma":"ἐγείρω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"kept awake, roused"}]},{"number":9,"label":"9","id":"b15-l9","source":"ἀγχοῦ δʼ ἱσταμένη προσέφη γλαυκῶπις Ἀθήνη·","translation":"Standing close beside him, gray-eyed Athena spoke to him:","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l9.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ἀγχοῦ δʼ ἱσταμένη","title":"Present participle of attendant action","body":"The middle participle 'standing' sets the scene for the main verb of speaking. This 'standing-and-speaking' formula recurs throughout Homer."}],"words":[{"surface":"ἀγχοῦ","lemma":"ἀγχοῦ","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἱσταμένη","gloss":"near, close by"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἱσταμένη","lemma":"ἵστημι","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to προσέφη","gloss":"standing"},{"surface":"προσέφη","lemma":"πρόσφημι","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke to"},{"surface":"γλαυκῶπις","lemma":"γλαυκῶπις","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies Ἀθήνη","gloss":"gray-eyed","note":"γλαυκῶπις Ἀθήνη: standard Homeric epithet-formula for Athena, filling the line's second half."},{"surface":"Ἀθήνη","lemma":"Ἀθήνη","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of προσέφη","gloss":"Athena"}]},{"number":10,"label":"10","id":"b15-l10","source":"Τηλέμαχʼ, οὐκέτι καλὰ δόμων ἄπο τῆλʼ\n                     ἀλάλησαι,","translation":"\"Telemachus, it is no longer good to wander so far from home,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l10.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Τηλέμαχ","lemma":"Τηλέμαχος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"Telemachus","note":"Vocative direct address opening Athena's speech."},{"surface":"οὐκέτι","lemma":"οὐκέτι","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἀλάλησαι","gloss":"no longer"},{"surface":"καλὰ","lemma":"καλός","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to ἀλάλησαι","gloss":"well, rightly","note":"Neuter plural adjective καλά used adverbially: 'it is not good/right that...'."},{"surface":"δόμων","lemma":"δόμος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"object of ἄπο","gloss":"from home"},{"surface":"ἄπο","lemma":"ἀπό","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"from, away","note":"ἄπο placed after its noun δόμων (anastrophe) — typical epic word order."},{"surface":"τῆλ","lemma":"τῆλε","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἀλάλησαι","gloss":"far off"},{"surface":"ἀλάλησαι","lemma":"ἀλάλημαι","morphology":"present middle indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"you wander"}]},{"number":11,"label":"11","id":"b15-l11","source":"κτήματά τε προλιπὼν ἄνδρας τʼ ἐν σοῖσι δόμοισιν","translation":"leaving your wealth behind and men in your house","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l11.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"κτήματά","lemma":"κτῆμα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of τ᾽","gloss":"possessions, wealth"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"προλιπὼν","lemma":"προλείπω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἀλάλησαι","gloss":"leaving behind"},{"surface":"ἄνδρας","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"object of τ᾽","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"σοῖσι","lemma":"σός","morphology":"dative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies δόμοισιν","gloss":"your own"},{"surface":"δόμοισιν","lemma":"δόμος","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐν","gloss":"house, halls"}]},{"number":12,"label":"12","id":"b15-l12","source":"οὕτω ὑπερφιάλους· μή τοι κατὰ πάντα φάγωσι","translation":"so arrogant; beware lest they devour all","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l12.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οὕτω","lemma":"οὕτως","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"so, thus"},{"surface":"ὑπερφιάλους","lemma":"ὑπερφίαλος","morphology":"accusative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἄνδρας","gloss":"overweening, arrogant","note":"Describes the suitors left unguarded at home — a warning about their greed."},{"surface":"μή","lemma":"μή","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"lest"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"object of κτήματα","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"κατὰ","lemma":"κατά","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"entirely, utterly"},{"surface":"πάντα","lemma":"πᾶς","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of φάγωσι","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"φάγωσι","lemma":"φαγεῖν","morphology":"present active subjunctive, 3rd plural verb","role":"adverbial to δὲ","gloss":"they devour"}]},{"number":13,"label":"13","id":"b15-l13","source":"κτήματα δασσάμενοι, σὺ δὲ τηϋσίην ὁδὸν ἔλθῃς.","translation":"your goods, dividing them, and your journey prove a wasted errand.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l13.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"κτήματα","lemma":"κτῆμα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of δασσάμενοι","gloss":"possessions"},{"surface":"δασσάμενοι","lemma":"δατέομαι","morphology":"aorist middle participle, nominative plural masculine","role":"adverbial to φάγωσι","gloss":"dividing among themselves"},{"surface":"σὺ","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"nominative singular pronoun","role":"subject of ἔλθῃς","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and, but"},{"surface":"τηϋσίην","lemma":"τηύσιος","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies ὁδὸν","gloss":"fruitless, in vain","note":"τηϋσίην ὁδόν, 'a wasted journey' — Athena's warning that delay could void his whole trip."},{"surface":"ὁδὸν","lemma":"ὁδός","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἔλθῃς","gloss":"journey, road"},{"surface":"ἔλθῃς","lemma":"ἔρχομαι","morphology":"aorist active subjunctive, 2nd singular verb","role":"adverbial to δὲ","gloss":"you go, make"}]},{"number":14,"label":"14","id":"b15-l14","source":"ἀλλʼ ὄτρυνε τάχιστα βοὴν ἀγαθὸν Μενέλαον","translation":"Come, urge Menelaus, good at the war-cry,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l14.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but, come"},{"surface":"ὄτρυνε","lemma":"ὀτρύνω","morphology":"present active imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"urge on"},{"surface":"τάχιστα","lemma":"ταχύς","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to ὄτρυνε","gloss":"most quickly"},{"surface":"βοὴν","lemma":"βοή","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"modifies ἀγαθὸν","gloss":"war-cry"},{"surface":"ἀγαθὸν","lemma":"ἀγαθός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Μενέλαον","gloss":"good at","note":"βοὴν ἀγαθός, 'good at the war-cry' — recurring Homeric epithet for Menelaus."},{"surface":"Μενέλαον","lemma":"μενέλαος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ὄτρυνε","gloss":"Menelaus"}]},{"number":15,"label":"15","id":"b15-l15","source":"πεμπέμεν, ὄφρʼ ἔτι οἴκοι ἀμύμονα μητέρα τέτμῃς.","translation":"to send you off, so you may still find your noble mother at home.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l15.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πεμπέμεν","lemma":"πέμπω","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"adverbial to ὄτρυνε","gloss":"to send"},{"surface":"ὄφρ","lemma":"ὄφρα","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"ἔτι","lemma":"ἔτι","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to τέτμῃς","gloss":"still, yet"},{"surface":"οἴκοι","lemma":"οἴκοι","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to τέτμῃς","gloss":"at home"},{"surface":"ἀμύμονα","lemma":"ἀμύμων","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies μητέρα","gloss":"blameless, noble"},{"surface":"μητέρα","lemma":"μήτηρ","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of τέτμῃς","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"τέτμῃς","lemma":"τέτμον","morphology":"aorist active subjunctive, 2nd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ὄφρ᾽","gloss":"you find","note":"τέτμῃς, aorist subjunctive of an archaic epic verb meaning 'find/come upon' — rare outside Homer."}]},{"number":16,"label":"16","id":"b15-l16","source":"ἤδη γάρ ῥα πατήρ τε κασίγνητοί τε κέλονται","translation":"For already her father and her brothers are pressing her","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l16.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἤδη","lemma":"ἤδη","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to κέλονται","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"γάρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"ῥα","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"πατήρ","lemma":"πατήρ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of τε","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"κασίγνητοί","lemma":"κασίγνητος","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of τε","gloss":"brothers"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"κέλονται","lemma":"κέλομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"urge, press"}]},{"number":17,"label":"17","id":"b15-l17","source":"Εὐρυμάχῳ γήμασθαι· ὁ γὰρ περιβάλλει ἅπαντας","translation":"to marry Eurymachus; for he outdoes all the others,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l17.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Εὐρυμάχῳ","lemma":"Εὐρύμαχος","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object of γήμασθαι","gloss":"Eurymachus"},{"surface":"γήμασθαι","lemma":"γαμέω","morphology":"aorist middle infinitive","role":"object of κέλονται","gloss":"to marry"},{"surface":"ὁ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"γὰρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"περιβάλλει","lemma":"περιβάλλω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"surpasses, outdoes","note":"περιβάλλει, 'throws around/outdoes' — vivid verb for outbidding rivals with gifts."},{"surface":"ἅπαντας","lemma":"ἅπας","morphology":"accusative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies μνηστῆρας","gloss":"all"}]},{"number":18,"label":"18","id":"b15-l18","source":"μνηστῆρας δώροισι καὶ ἐξώφελλεν ἔεδνα·","translation":"the suitors, in gifts, and keeps raising his bride-price.","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l18.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"μνηστῆρας","lemma":"μνηστήρ","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"object of περιβάλλει","gloss":"suitors"},{"surface":"δώροισι","lemma":"δῶρον","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to περιβάλλει","gloss":"with gifts"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐξώφελλεν","lemma":"ἐξοφέλλω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"kept raising","note":"Aorist indicative (not imperfect) here has iterative/gnomic force, hence the ongoing sense 'kept raising' the bride-price."},{"surface":"ἔεδνα","lemma":"ἕδνον","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἐξώφελλεν","gloss":"bridal gifts"}]},{"number":19,"label":"19","id":"b15-l19","source":"μή νύ τι σεῦ ἀέκητι δόμων ἐκ κτῆμα φέρηται.","translation":"Take care that some valuable not be carried from the house against your will.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l19.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"μή","lemma":"μή","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not, take care"},{"surface":"νύ","lemma":"νῦν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to φέρηται","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"τι","lemma":"τις","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"adverbial to φέρηται","gloss":"something"},{"surface":"σεῦ","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"genitive singular pronoun","role":"modifies ἀέκητι","gloss":"of you, your"},{"surface":"ἀέκητι","lemma":"ἀέκητι","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to φέρηται","gloss":"against the will","note":"ἀέκητι + genitive: 'against the will of' — idiom warning of theft from the household."},{"surface":"δόμων","lemma":"δόμος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"object of ἐκ","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"ἐκ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"from, out of"},{"surface":"κτῆμα","lemma":"κτῆμα","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"subject of φέρηται","gloss":"possession, valuable"},{"surface":"φέρηται","lemma":"φέρω","morphology":"present medio-passive subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"be carried off"}]},{"number":20,"label":"20","id":"b15-l20","source":"οἶσθα γὰρ οἷος θυμὸς ἐνὶ στήθεσσι γυναικός·","translation":"For you know the kind of heart there is in a woman's breast:","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l20.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οἶσθα","lemma":"οἶδα","morphology":"perfect active indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"you know"},{"surface":"γὰρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"οἷος","lemma":"οἷος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"what sort"},{"surface":"θυμὸς","lemma":"θυμός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"heart, spirit"},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"στήθεσσι","lemma":"στῆθος","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"modifies ἐνὶ","gloss":"breast"},{"surface":"γυναικός","lemma":"γυνή","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies θυμὸς","gloss":"of a woman","note":"Athena speaks in her own true form here, not in disguise; the line voices a blunt generalization about women's nature to spur Telemachus onward."}]},{"number":21,"label":"21","id":"b15-l21","source":"κείνου βούλεται οἶκον ὀφέλλειν ὅς κεν ὀπυίῃ,","translation":"she wants to build up the house of the man who marries her,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l21.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"κείνου","lemma":"ἐκεῖνος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies οἶκον","gloss":"of that man"},{"surface":"βούλεται","lemma":"βούλομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"she wishes"},{"surface":"οἶκον","lemma":"οἶκος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ὀφέλλειν","gloss":"house, household"},{"surface":"ὀφέλλειν","lemma":"ὀφέλλω","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"object of βούλεται","gloss":"to increase, build up"},{"surface":"ὅς","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ὀπυίῃ","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"κεν","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(potential particle)","note":"κεν + subjunctive marks an indefinite 'whoever' clause — future-open condition."},{"surface":"ὀπυίῃ","lemma":"ὀπυίω","morphology":"present active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing κείνου","gloss":"marries her"}]},{"number":22,"label":"22","id":"b15-l22","source":"παίδων δὲ προτέρων καὶ κουριδίοιο φίλοιο","translation":"and of her former children and of her dear wedded husband","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l22.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"παίδων","lemma":"παῖς","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"of children"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"προτέρων","lemma":"πρότερος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies παίδων","gloss":"former, earlier"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"κουριδίοιο","lemma":"κουρίδιος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies","gloss":"wedded, lawful"},{"surface":"φίλοιο","lemma":"φίλος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies κουριδίοιο","gloss":"dear, beloved"}]},{"number":23,"label":"23","id":"b15-l23","source":"οὐκέτι μέμνηται τεθνηκότος οὐδὲ μεταλλᾷ.","translation":"she no longer thinks, once he is dead, nor asks after him.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l23.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οὐκέτι","lemma":"οὐκέτι","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to μέμνηται","gloss":"no longer"},{"surface":"μέμνηται","lemma":"μιμνήσκω","morphology":"perfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"she remembers","note":"Perfect μέμνηται with present force: 'she has in mind / remembers' — describes an ongoing mental state."},{"surface":"τεθνηκότος","lemma":"θνήσκω","morphology":"perfect active participle, genitive singular masculine","role":"modifies κουριδίοιο","gloss":"having died"},{"surface":"μεταλλᾷ","lemma":"μεταλλάω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"asks after, inquires"}]},{"number":24,"label":"24","id":"b15-l24","source":"ἀλλὰ σύ γʼ ἐλθὼν αὐτὸς ἐπιτρέψειας ἕκαστα","translation":"But go yourself and entrust each thing","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l24.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ἐπιτρέψειας","title":"Optative of advice","body":"The aorist optative here functions as a gentle command or suggestion, softer than a direct imperative."}],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλὰ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"σύ","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"nominative singular pronoun","role":"subject of ἐπιτρέψειας","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"γ","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ἐλθὼν","lemma":"ἔρχομαι","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἐπιτρέψειας","gloss":"having gone"},{"surface":"αὐτὸς","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"yourself"},{"surface":"ἐπιτρέψειας","lemma":"ἐπιτρέπω","morphology":"aorist active optative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"entrust","note":"Optative ἐπιτρέψειας softens the command into polite advice, typical of Homeric counsel-speech."},{"surface":"ἕκαστα","lemma":"ἕκαστος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of ἐπιτρέψειας","gloss":"each thing"}]},{"number":25,"label":"25","id":"b15-l25","source":"δμῳάων ἥ τίς τοι ἀρίστη φαίνεται εἶναι,","translation":"to whichever of the serving women seems best to you,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l25.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δμῳάων","lemma":"δμωή","morphology":"genitive plural feminine noun","role":"modifies ἥ","gloss":"of the serving-women"},{"surface":"ἥ","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject of φαίνεται","gloss":"who(ever)"},{"surface":"τίς","lemma":"τις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"modifies ἥ","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"object of φαίνεται","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"ἀρίστη","lemma":"ἄριστος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"best"},{"surface":"φαίνεται","lemma":"φαίνω","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing","gloss":"seems, appears"},{"surface":"εἶναι","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"object of φαίνεται","gloss":"to be"}]},{"number":26,"label":"26","id":"b15-l26","source":"εἰς ὅ κέ τοι φήνωσι θεοὶ κυδρὴν παράκοιτιν.","translation":"until the gods reveal to you a glorious wife.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l26.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εἰς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"ὅ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"adverbial to φήνωσι","gloss":"(relative pronoun, 'that')"},{"surface":"κέ","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(potential particle)"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"object of φήνωσι","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"φήνωσι","lemma":"φαίνω","morphology":"aorist active subjunctive, 3rd plural verb","role":"adverbial to εἰς","gloss":"reveal, show"},{"surface":"θεοὶ","lemma":"θεός","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of φήνωσι","gloss":"gods"},{"surface":"κυδρὴν","lemma":"κυδρός","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies παράκοιτιν","gloss":"glorious"},{"surface":"παράκοιτιν","lemma":"παράκοιτις","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of φήνωσι","gloss":"wife","note":"παράκοιτις, 'bedmate/wife' — poetic word, marks the domestic future the gods will grant."}]},{"number":27,"label":"27","id":"b15-l27","source":"ἄλλο δέ τοί τι ἔπος ἐρέω, σὺ δὲ σύνθεο θυμῷ.","translation":"Now I will tell you another thing, and you take it to heart.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l27.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἄλλο","lemma":"ἄλλος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἔπος","gloss":"another"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and, now"},{"surface":"τοί","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"object of ἐρέω","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"τι","lemma":"τις","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"modifies ἔπος","gloss":"a"},{"surface":"ἔπος","lemma":"ἔπος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ἐρέω","gloss":"word, thing"},{"surface":"ἐρέω","lemma":"ἐρῶ","morphology":"future active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I will tell"},{"surface":"σὺ","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"nominative singular pronoun","role":"subject of σύνθεο","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"σύνθεο","lemma":"συντίθημι","morphology":"aorist middle imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"take to heart","note":"σύνθεο θυμῷ, 'lay it up in your heart' — formulaic command to remember counsel carefully."},{"surface":"θυμῷ","lemma":"θυμός","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object of σύνθεο","gloss":"heart, mind"}]},{"number":28,"label":"28","id":"b15-l28","source":"μνηστήρων σʼ ἐπιτηδὲς ἀριστῆες λοχόωσιν","translation":"The best of the suitors lie deliberately in wait for you","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l28.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"μνηστήρων","lemma":"μνηστήρ","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies ἀριστῆες","gloss":"of the suitors"},{"surface":"σ","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"accusative singular pronoun","role":"object of λοχόωσιν","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"ἐπιτηδὲς","lemma":"ἐπιτηδές","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to λοχόωσιν","gloss":"deliberately, on purpose"},{"surface":"ἀριστῆες","lemma":"ἀριστεύς","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of λοχόωσιν","gloss":"the best men","note":"ἀριστῆες, 'best men/champions' — ironic here, describing suitors plotting an ambush."},{"surface":"λοχόωσιν","lemma":"λοχάω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"lie in ambush"}]},{"number":29,"label":"29","id":"b15-l29","source":"ἐν πορθμῷ Ἰθάκης τε Σάμοιό τε παιπαλοέσσης.","translation":"in the strait between Ithaca and rugged Samos,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l29.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"πορθμῷ","lemma":"πορθμός","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐν","gloss":"strait"},{"surface":"Ἰθάκης","lemma":"Ἰθάκη","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies τε","gloss":"of Ithaca"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and","note":"τε...τε = correlative 'both...and' linking the two islands"},{"surface":"Σάμοιό","lemma":"Σάμος","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies τε","gloss":"of Samos"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"παιπαλοέσσης","lemma":"παιπαλόεις","morphology":"genitive singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies Σάμοιό","gloss":"rugged"}]},{"number":30,"label":"30","id":"b15-l30","source":"ἱέμενοι κτεῖναι, πρὶν πατρίδα γαῖαν ἱκέσθαι.","translation":"eager to kill you before you reach your fatherland.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l30.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἱέμενοι","lemma":"ἵημι","morphology":"present middle participle, nominative plural masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"eager"},{"surface":"κτεῖναι","lemma":"κτείνω","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"object of ἱέμενοι","gloss":"to kill"},{"surface":"πρὶν","lemma":"πρίν","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"πατρίδα","lemma":"πατρίς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies γαῖαν","gloss":"native"},{"surface":"γαῖαν","lemma":"γαῖα","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἱκέσθαι","gloss":"land"},{"surface":"ἱκέσθαι","lemma":"ἱκνέομαι","morphology":"aorist middle infinitive","role":"adverbial to πρὶν","gloss":"reach","note":"aorist infinitive with πρὶν: 'before you reach' — no finite subjunctive needed"}]},{"number":31,"label":"31","id":"b15-l31","source":"ἀλλὰ τά γʼ οὐκ ὀΐω· πρὶν καί τινα γαῖα καθέξει","translation":"But I do not think it will be so; sooner the earth will hold down","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l31.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλὰ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"τά","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative plural neuter pronoun","role":"object of ὀΐω","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"γ","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"οὐκ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ὀΐω","lemma":"οἴομαι","morphology":"present active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I think","note":"οἴομαι contracted/epic ὀΐω, 1st sg 'I suppose' — poet's own aside"},{"surface":"πρὶν","lemma":"πρίν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to καθέξει","gloss":"sooner"},{"surface":"καί","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"τινα","lemma":"τις","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of καθέξει","gloss":"someone"},{"surface":"γαῖα","lemma":"γαῖα","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of καθέξει","gloss":"earth"},{"surface":"καθέξει","lemma":"κατέχω","morphology":"future active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"will hold down","note":"euphemism: 'earth will hold' = will die/be buried, grim foreshadowing of suitors' doom"}]},{"number":32,"label":"32","id":"b15-l32","source":"ἀνδρῶν μνηστήρων, οἵ τοι βίοτον κατέδουσιν.","translation":"some of those suitor men who are devouring your livelihood.","scansion":"—— | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l32.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀνδρῶν","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies τινα","gloss":"of the men"},{"surface":"μνηστήρων","lemma":"μνηστήρ","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies ἀνδρῶν","gloss":"suitors"},{"surface":"οἵ","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of κατέδουσιν","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"τοι","morphology":"particle","role":"modifies βίοτον","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"βίοτον","lemma":"βίοτος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of κατέδουσιν","gloss":"livelihood"},{"surface":"κατέδουσιν","lemma":"κατέδω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ἀνδρῶν","gloss":"devour","note":"κατέδω 'eat up/devour' — stock formula for suitors consuming Odysseus's estate"}]},{"number":33,"label":"33","id":"b15-l33","source":"ἀλλὰ ἑκὰς νήσων ἀπέχειν εὐεργέα νῆα,","translation":"Keep your well-built ship far from the islands,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l33.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλὰ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἑκὰς","lemma":"ἑκάς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἀπέχειν","gloss":"far"},{"surface":"νήσων","lemma":"νῆσος","morphology":"genitive plural feminine noun","role":"object of ἀπέχειν","gloss":"from the islands"},{"surface":"ἀπέχειν","lemma":"ἀπέχω","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"main verb","gloss":"keep away"},{"surface":"εὐεργέα","lemma":"εὐεργής","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies νῆα","gloss":"well-built"},{"surface":"νῆα","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἀπέχειν","gloss":"ship"}]},{"number":34,"label":"34","id":"b15-l34","source":"νυκτὶ δʼ ὁμῶς πλείειν· πέμψει δέ τοι οὖρον ὄπισθεν","translation":"and sail by night as well; a following wind will be sent to you","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l34.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"νυκτὶ","lemma":"νύξ","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to πλείειν","gloss":"by night"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὁμῶς","lemma":"ὁμῶς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to πλείειν","gloss":"likewise"},{"surface":"πλείειν","lemma":"πλέω","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"main verb","gloss":"sail","note":"epic πλείειν for πλεῖν, present infinitive 'keep sailing'"},{"surface":"πέμψει","lemma":"πέμπω","morphology":"future active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"will send"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"object of πέμψει","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"οὖρον","lemma":"οὖρος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of πέμψει","gloss":"a wind"},{"surface":"ὄπισθεν","lemma":"ὄπισθεν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to πέμψει","gloss":"behind"}]},{"number":35,"label":"35","id":"b15-l35","source":"ἀθανάτων ὅς τίς σε φυλάσσει τε ῥύεταί τε.","translation":"by that one of the immortals who watches over you and keeps you safe.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l35.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀθανάτων","lemma":"ἀθάνατος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies ὅς","gloss":"of the immortals","note":"partitive genitive: 'that one of the immortals' — divine guardian left unnamed"},{"surface":"ὅς","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of τε","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"τίς","lemma":"τις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"modifies ὅς","gloss":"someone"},{"surface":"σε","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"accusative singular pronoun","role":"object of τε","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"φυλάσσει","lemma":"φυλάσσω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"subject of τε","gloss":"watches over"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ῥύεταί","lemma":"ῥύομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"subject of τε","gloss":"keeps safe"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"}]},{"number":36,"label":"36","id":"b15-l36","source":"αὐτὰρ ἐπὴν πρώτην ἀκτὴν Ἰθάκης ἀφίκηαι,","translation":"But when you reach the first headland of Ithaca,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l36.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἐπὴν","lemma":"ἐπήν","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"πρώτην","lemma":"πρῶτος","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies ἀκτὴν","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"ἀκτὴν","lemma":"ἀκτή","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἀφίκηαι","gloss":"headland"},{"surface":"Ἰθάκης","lemma":"Ἰθάκη","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies ἀκτὴν","gloss":"of Ithaca"},{"surface":"ἀφίκηαι","lemma":"ἀφικνέομαι","morphology":"aorist medio-passive subjunctive, 2nd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ἐπὴν","gloss":"you reach","note":"aorist subjunctive after ἐπήν, future-vivid 'whenever you reach'"}]},{"number":37,"label":"37","id":"b15-l37","source":"νῆα μὲν ἐς πόλιν ὀτρῦναι καὶ πάντας ἑταίρους,","translation":"send the ship on to the city with all your comrades,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l37.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"νῆα","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"the ship"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ἐς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"πόλιν","lemma":"πόλις","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐς","gloss":"the city"},{"surface":"ὀτρῦναι","lemma":"ὀτρύνω","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"main verb","gloss":"send on"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"πάντας","lemma":"πᾶς","morphology":"accusative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἑταίρους","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"ἑταίρους","lemma":"ἑταῖρος","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"companions"}]},{"number":38,"label":"38","id":"b15-l38","source":"αὐτὸς δὲ πρώτιστα συβώτην εἰσαφικέσθαι,","translation":"but you yourself, first of all, go to the swineherd,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l38.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτὸς","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"you yourself"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"πρώτιστα","lemma":"πρώτιστος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to εἰσαφικέσθαι","gloss":"first of all"},{"surface":"συβώτην","lemma":"συβώτης","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of εἰσαφικέσθαι","gloss":"swineherd"},{"surface":"εἰσαφικέσθαι","lemma":"εἰσαφικνέομαι","morphology":"aorist middle infinitive","role":"main verb","gloss":"go to","note":"compound εἰσαφικέσθαι 'arrive into/at' — sets up the disguised return to Eumaeus"}]},{"number":39,"label":"39","id":"b15-l39","source":"ὅς τοι ὑῶν ἐπίουρος, ὁμῶς δέ τοι ἤπια οἶδεν.","translation":"who guards your pigs and is loyally kind to you.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l39.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὅς","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"modifies ὑῶν","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"ὑῶν","lemma":"ὗς","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies ἐπίουρος","gloss":"of pigs"},{"surface":"ἐπίουρος","lemma":"ἐπίουρος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"guardian","note":"rare epic word ἐπίουρος 'watcher/guard over' — used only of herdsmen"},{"surface":"ὁμῶς","lemma":"ὁμῶς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to οἶδεν","gloss":"likewise"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"object of οἶδεν","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"ἤπια","lemma":"ἤπιος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of οἶδεν","gloss":"kind things"},{"surface":"οἶδεν","lemma":"οἶδα","morphology":"perfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing δέ","gloss":"knows","note":"perfect οἶδα with present sense: 'knows/means' kind things toward you"}]},{"number":40,"label":"40","id":"b15-l40","source":"ἔνθα δὲ νύκτʼ ἀέσαι· τὸν δʼ ὀτρῦναι πόλιν εἴσω","translation":"Spend the night there, and send him into the city","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l40.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔνθα","lemma":"ἔνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἀέσαι","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"νύκτ","lemma":"νύξ","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἀέσαι","gloss":"the night"},{"surface":"ἀέσαι","lemma":"ἄεσα","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"main verb","gloss":"spend the night","note":"rare aorist ἄεσα 'pass the night' — root distinct from ἀείδω, easy to confuse"},{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ὀτρῦναι","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὀτρῦναι","lemma":"ὀτρύνω","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"main verb","gloss":"send"},{"surface":"πόλιν","lemma":"πόλις","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to εἴσω","gloss":"the city"},{"surface":"εἴσω","lemma":"εἴσω","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"into"}]},{"number":41,"label":"41","id":"b15-l41","source":"ἀγγελίην ἐρέοντα περίφρονι Πηνελοπείῃ,","translation":"to carry the message to wise Penelope,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l41.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ἐρέοντα","title":"Future participle of purpose","body":"The future participle 'going to tell' expresses the purpose for which the swineherd is sent."}],"words":[{"surface":"ἀγγελίην","lemma":"ἀγγελία","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐρέοντα","gloss":"message"},{"surface":"ἐρέοντα","lemma":"ἐρῶ","morphology":"future active participle, accusative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"to tell","note":"future participle of purpose: 'to carry/tell' the message"},{"surface":"περίφρονι","lemma":"περίφρων","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"modifies Πηνελοπείῃ","gloss":"wise"},{"surface":"Πηνελοπείῃ","lemma":"Πηνελόπεια","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐρέοντα","gloss":"to Penelope"}]},{"number":42,"label":"42","id":"b15-l42","source":"οὕνεκά οἱ σῶς ἐσσὶ καὶ ἐκ Πύλου εἰλήλουθας.","translation":"that you are safe and have come back from Pylos.\"","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l42.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οὕνεκά","lemma":"οὕνεκα","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"dative singular feminine pronoun","role":"object of ἐσσὶ","gloss":"to her"},{"surface":"σῶς","lemma":"σῶς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"safe"},{"surface":"ἐσσὶ","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"you are","note":"epic ἐσσί for εἶ, 2nd sg 'you are'"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐκ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"Πύλου","lemma":"Πύλος","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐκ","gloss":"Pylos"},{"surface":"εἰλήλουθας","lemma":"ἔρχομαι","morphology":"perfect active indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"have come","note":"perfect εἰλήλουθας 'have come' — reduplicated epic perfect of ἔρχομαι"}]},{"number":43,"label":"43","id":"b15-l43","source":"ἡ μὲν ἄρʼ ὣς εἰποῦσʼ ἀπέβη πρὸς μακρὸν Ὄλυμπον,","translation":"So speaking she departed for high Olympus,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l43.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἡ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject of ἀπέβη","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ἄρ","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to εἰποῦσ᾽","gloss":"thus"},{"surface":"εἰποῦσ","lemma":"εἶπον","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative plural feminine","role":"adverbial to ἀπέβη","gloss":"speaking"},{"surface":"ἀπέβη","lemma":"ἀποβαίνω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"departed"},{"surface":"πρὸς","lemma":"πρός","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"μακρὸν","lemma":"μακρός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ὄλυμπον","gloss":"high"},{"surface":"Ὄλυμπον","lemma":"Ὄλυμπος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of πρὸς","gloss":"Olympus","note":"formulaic close for a divine epiphany scene: goddess departs for Olympus"}]},{"number":44,"label":"44","id":"b15-l44","source":"αὐτὰρ ὁ Νεστορίδην ἐξ ἡδέος ὕπνου ἔγειρεν","translation":"while he roused Nestor's son from sweet sleep,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l44.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ὁ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἔγειρεν","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"Νεστορίδην","lemma":"Νεστορίδης","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἔγειρεν","gloss":"Nestor's son"},{"surface":"ἐξ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"ἡδέος","lemma":"ἡδύς","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ὕπνου","gloss":"sweet"},{"surface":"ὕπνου","lemma":"ὕπνος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἐξ","gloss":"sleep"},{"surface":"ἔγειρεν","lemma":"ἐγείρω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"roused"}]},{"number":45,"label":"45","id":"b15-l45","source":"λὰξ ποδὶ κινήσας, καί μιν πρὸς μῦθον ἔειπεν·","translation":"nudging him with a kick of his foot, and spoke to him:","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l45.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"λὰξ","lemma":"λάξ","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to κινήσας","gloss":"with the heel"},{"surface":"ποδὶ","lemma":"πούς","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to κινήσας","gloss":"foot","note":"λὰξ ποδὶ 'with a kick of the foot' — vivid rough-and-ready gesture of waking a comrade"},{"surface":"κινήσας","lemma":"κινέω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἔγειρεν","gloss":"nudging"},{"surface":"καί","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μιν","lemma":"μιν","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of πρὸς","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"πρὸς","lemma":"πρός","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"μῦθον","lemma":"μῦθος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἔειπεν","gloss":"speech"},{"surface":"ἔειπεν","lemma":"εἶπον","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke"}]},{"number":46,"label":"46","id":"b15-l46","source":"ἔγρεο, Νεστορίδη Πεισίστρατε, μώνυχας ἵππους","translation":"\"Wake up, Peisistratus, son of Nestor; the single-hoofed horses","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l46.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔγρεο","lemma":"ἐγείρω","morphology":"aorist middle imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"wake up","note":"aorist middle imperative ἔγρεο — abrupt command opening direct speech"},{"surface":"Νεστορίδη","lemma":"Νεστορίδης","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies Πεισίστρατε","gloss":"son of Nestor"},{"surface":"Πεισίστρατε","lemma":"Πεισίστρατος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"Peisistratus"},{"surface":"μώνυχας","lemma":"μῶνυξ","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"modifies ἵππους","gloss":"single-hoofed","note":"epic epithet μῶνυξ 'solid-hoofed' fixed to horses"},{"surface":"ἵππους","lemma":"ἵππος","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"object of ζεῦξον","gloss":"horses"}]},{"number":47,"label":"47","id":"b15-l47","source":"ζεῦξον ὑφʼ ἅρματʼ ἄγων, ὄφρα πρήσσωμεν ὁδοῖο.","translation":"lead out and yoke under the chariot, so we may get on with our journey.\"","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l47.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ζεῦξον","lemma":"ζεύγνυμι","morphology":"aorist active imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"yoke"},{"surface":"ὑφ","lemma":"ὑπό","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"ἅρματ","lemma":"ἅρμα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ὑφ᾽","gloss":"the chariot"},{"surface":"ἄγων","lemma":"ἄγω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ζεῦξον","gloss":"leading"},{"surface":"ὄφρα","lemma":"ὄφρα","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"πρήσσωμεν","lemma":"πράσσω","morphology":"present active subjunctive, 1st plural verb","role":"adverbial to ὄφρα","gloss":"we may press on","note":"πρήσσω ὁδοῖο 'get on with the road' — idiom for making progress on a journey"},{"surface":"ὁδοῖο","lemma":"ὁδός","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"object of πρήσσωμεν","gloss":"of the road"}]},{"number":48,"label":"48","id":"b15-l48","source":"τὸν δʼ αὖ Νεστορίδης Πεισίστρατος ἀντίον ηὔδα·","translation":"Then Nestor's son Peisistratus answered him:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l48.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ηὔδα","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"αὖ","lemma":"αὖ","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"Νεστορίδης","lemma":"Νεστορίδης","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies Πεισίστρατος","gloss":"son of Nestor"},{"surface":"Πεισίστρατος","lemma":"Πεισίστρατος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"Peisistratus"},{"surface":"ἀντίον","lemma":"ἀντίον","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ηὔδα","gloss":"in reply"},{"surface":"ηὔδα","lemma":"αὐδάω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"said","note":"imperfect ηὔδα, epic verb of speaking used to open direct discourse"}]},{"number":49,"label":"49","id":"b15-l49","source":"Τηλέμαχʼ, οὔ πως ἔστιν ἐπειγομένους περ ὁδοῖο","translation":"\"Telemachus, there is no way, however much we hasten on the road,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l49.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Τηλέμαχ","lemma":"Τηλέμαχος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"Telemachus"},{"surface":"οὔ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"πως","lemma":"πως","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"in any way"},{"surface":"ἔστιν","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"it is"},{"surface":"ἐπειγομένους","lemma":"ἐπείγω","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, accusative plural masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"hastening","note":"concessive participle with περ: 'however much hastening'"},{"surface":"περ","lemma":"πέρ","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"however"},{"surface":"ὁδοῖο","lemma":"ὁδός","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐπειγομένους","gloss":"of the road"}]},{"number":50,"label":"50","id":"b15-l50","source":"νύκτα διὰ δνοφερὴν ἐλάαν· τάχα δʼ ἔσσεται ἠώς.","translation":"to drive through the murky night; soon it will be dawn.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l50.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"νύκτα","lemma":"νύξ","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to διὰ","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"διὰ","lemma":"διά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"δνοφερὴν","lemma":"δνοφερός","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies νύκτα","gloss":"murky"},{"surface":"ἐλάαν","lemma":"ἐλαύνω","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"subject of ἔστιν","gloss":"to drive"},{"surface":"τάχα","lemma":"τάχα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἔσσεται","gloss":"soon"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἔσσεται","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"future middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"will be"},{"surface":"ἠώς","lemma":"ἠώς","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ἔσσεται","gloss":"dawn"}]},{"number":51,"label":"51","id":"b15-l51","source":"ἀλλὰ μένʼ εἰς ὅ κε δῶρα φέρων ἐπιδίφρια θήῃ","translation":"Wait, then, until the hero, son of Atreus,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l51.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλὰ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"μέν","lemma":"μένω","morphology":"present active imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"wait","note":"epic μένε shortened to μέν, imperative 'wait/stay'"},{"surface":"εἰς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"ὅ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"κε","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(indefinite marker)"},{"surface":"δῶρα","lemma":"δῶρον","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of θήῃ","gloss":"gifts"},{"surface":"φέρων","lemma":"φέρω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to θήῃ","gloss":"bringing"},{"surface":"ἐπιδίφρια","lemma":"ἐπιδίφριος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"complement of θήῃ","gloss":"onto the chariot"},{"surface":"θήῃ","lemma":"τίθημι","morphology":"aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"sets","note":"aorist subjunctive with κε in a temporal clause: 'until he sets/puts'"}]},{"number":52,"label":"52","id":"b15-l52","source":"ἥρως Ἀτρείδης, δουρικλειτὸς Μενέλαος,","translation":"Menelaus famed for the spear, brings gifts and sets them on the chariot,","scansion":"—— | —— | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l52.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"δουρικλειτὸς","title":"Spear-famed epithet","body":"A compound epithet ('spear-famous') typical of Homeric warriors, fitted to the hexameter line."}],"words":[{"surface":"ἥρως","lemma":"ἥρως","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"modifies Ἀτρείδης","gloss":"hero"},{"surface":"Ἀτρείδης","lemma":"Ἀτρείδης","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"son of Atreus"},{"surface":"δουρικλειτὸς","lemma":"δουρικλειτός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Μενέλαος","gloss":"spear-famed","note":"epithet δουρικλειτός 'famed for the spear' fixed to Menelaus"},{"surface":"Μενέλαος","lemma":"Μενέλαος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"Menelaus"}]},{"number":53,"label":"53","id":"b15-l53","source":"καὶ μύθοις ἀγανοῖσι παραυδήσας ἀποπέμψῃ.","translation":"and with kindly words bids us a friendly farewell.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l53.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μύθοις","lemma":"μῦθος","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"adverbial to παραυδήσας","gloss":"with words"},{"surface":"ἀγανοῖσι","lemma":"ἀγανός","morphology":"dative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies μύθοις","gloss":"gentle"},{"surface":"παραυδήσας","lemma":"παραυδάω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἀποπέμψῃ","gloss":"addressing kindly"},{"surface":"ἀποπέμψῃ","lemma":"ἀποπέμπω","morphology":"aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"sends off","note":"aorist subjunctive continuing the εἰς ὅ κε... clause from l51 (not ἕως): 'until he... sends us off'"}]},{"number":54,"label":"54","id":"b15-l54","source":"τοῦ γάρ τε ξεῖνος μιμνήσκεται ἤματα πάντα","translation":"For a guest remembers, all his days,","scansion":"—— | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l54.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τοῦ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"genitive singular masculine pronoun","role":"object","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"γάρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ξεῖνος","lemma":"ξένος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of μιμνήσκεται","gloss":"guest"},{"surface":"μιμνήσκεται","lemma":"μιμνήσκω","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"remembers"},{"surface":"ἤματα","lemma":"ἦμαρ","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to μιμνήσκεται","gloss":"days"},{"surface":"πάντα","lemma":"πᾶς","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἤματα","gloss":"all","note":"ἤματα πάντα 'for all his days' — formulaic phrase for lifelong remembrance"}]},{"number":55,"label":"55","id":"b15-l55","source":"ἀνδρὸς ξεινοδόκου, ὅς κεν φιλότητα παράσχῃ.","translation":"the host who has shown him kindness.\"","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l55.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀνδρὸς","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"object","gloss":"of the man"},{"surface":"ξεινοδόκου","lemma":"ξενοδόκος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies ἀνδρὸς","gloss":"host","note":"ξεινοδόκος 'host, receiver of guests' — key term in xenia (guest-friendship) theme"},{"surface":"ὅς","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of παράσχῃ","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"κεν","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(potential marker)"},{"surface":"φιλότητα","lemma":"φιλότης","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of παράσχῃ","gloss":"friendship"},{"surface":"παράσχῃ","lemma":"παρέχω","morphology":"aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ἀνδρὸς","gloss":"shows"}]},{"number":56,"label":"56","id":"b15-l56","source":"ὣς ἔφατʼ, αὐτίκα δὲ χρυσόθρονος ἤλυθεν Ἠώς.","translation":"So he spoke, and at once Dawn came on her golden throne.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l56.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"χρυσόθρονος ἤλυθεν Ἠώς","title":"Golden-throned Dawn","body":"A formulaic dawn-line. 'Golden-throned' is a stock epithet for Dawn that opens a new day in the narrative."}],"words":[{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἔφατ᾽","gloss":"thus"},{"surface":"ἔφατ","lemma":"φημί","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"he spoke"},{"surface":"αὐτίκα","lemma":"αὐτίκα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἤλυθεν","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"χρυσόθρονος","lemma":"χρυσόθρονος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies Ἠώς","gloss":"golden-throned","note":"stock Homeric epithet for Dawn (Ἠώς), marking a new day formula"},{"surface":"ἤλυθεν","lemma":"ἔρχομαι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"Ἠώς","lemma":"ἠώς","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ἤλυθεν","gloss":"Dawn"}]},{"number":57,"label":"57","id":"b15-l57","source":"ἀγχίμολον δέ σφʼ ἦλθε βοὴν ἀγαθὸς Μενέλαος,","translation":"Menelaus, good at the war-cry, came near to them,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l57.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀγχίμολον","lemma":"ἀγχίμολος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to ἦλθε","gloss":"near","note":"ἀγχίμολον is the neuter singular of the adjective used as a plain adverbial accusative of manner ('came near-ly'), not an accusative of respect (which specifies a part/aspect, e.g. 'lame in the foot') — a common Homeric adverbial-accusative formation."},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"σφ","lemma":"σφεῖς","morphology":"accusative plural masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἦλθε","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"ἦλθε","lemma":"ἔρχομαι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"βοὴν","lemma":"βοή","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"modifies ἀγαθὸς","gloss":"in the war-cry"},{"surface":"ἀγαθὸς","lemma":"ἀγαθός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Μενέλαος","gloss":"good","note":"'βοὴν ἀγαθός' (good at the war-cry) is a fixed Homeric epithet formula, often applied to Menelaus/Diomedes."},{"surface":"Μενέλαος","lemma":"Μενέλαος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἦλθε","gloss":"Menelaus"}]},{"number":58,"label":"58","id":"b15-l58","source":"ἀνστὰς ἐξ εὐνῆς, Ἑλένης πάρα καλλικόμοιο.","translation":"having risen from his bed, from the side of fair-haired Helen.","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l58.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀνστὰς","lemma":"ἀνίστημι","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἦλθε","gloss":"having risen"},{"surface":"ἐξ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"εὐνῆς","lemma":"εὐνή","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐξ","gloss":"bed"},{"surface":"Ἑλένης","lemma":"Ἑλένη","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to πάρα","gloss":"Helen's"},{"surface":"πάρα","lemma":"παρά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"from the side of","note":"πάρα here is anastrophe (accent shift) for παρά placed after its noun Ἑλένης, still governing the genitive."}]},{"number":59,"label":"59","id":"b15-l59","source":"τὸν δʼ ὡς οὖν ἐνόησεν Ὀδυσσῆος φίλος υἱός,","translation":"When the dear son of Odysseus noticed him,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l59.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἐνόησεν","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὡς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"οὖν","lemma":"οὖν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"ἐνόησεν","lemma":"νοέω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ὡς","gloss":"noticed"},{"surface":"Ὀδυσσῆος","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies υἱός","gloss":"of Odysseus"},{"surface":"φίλος","lemma":"φίλος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies υἱός","gloss":"dear","note":"'φίλος υἱός' (dear son) is a recurring Homeric formula for Telemachus, standing in for a simple possessive 'his son'."},{"surface":"υἱός","lemma":"υἱός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἐνόησεν","gloss":"son"}]},{"number":60,"label":"60","id":"b15-l60","source":"σπερχόμενός ῥα χιτῶνα περὶ χροῒ σιγαλόεντα","translation":"in haste he drew the shining tunic about his body","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l60.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"σπερχόμενός","lemma":"σπέρχω","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to δῦνεν","gloss":"hurrying","note":"Present middle participle 'σπερχόμενος' vividly frames the whole action as done 'in haste', governing the main verb δῦνεν in the next line."},{"surface":"ῥα","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"χιτῶνα","lemma":"χιτών","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of δῦνεν","gloss":"tunic"},{"surface":"περὶ","lemma":"περί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"around"},{"surface":"χροῒ","lemma":"χρώς","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object of περὶ","gloss":"skin/body"},{"surface":"σιγαλόεντα","lemma":"σιγαλόεις","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies χιτῶνα","gloss":"shining","note":"σιγαλόεντα (shining, glossy) is a stock epic adjective for fine woven cloth."}]},{"number":61,"label":"61","id":"b15-l61","source":"δῦνεν, καὶ μέγα φᾶρος ἐπὶ στιβαροῖς βάλετʼ ὤμοις","translation":"and threw a great cloak over his sturdy shoulders,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l61.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δῦνεν","lemma":"δύω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"put on"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μέγα","lemma":"μέγας","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies φᾶρος","gloss":"great"},{"surface":"φᾶρος","lemma":"φᾶρος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of βάλετ᾽","gloss":"cloak"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"στιβαροῖς","lemma":"στιβαρός","morphology":"dative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies ὤμοις","gloss":"sturdy"},{"surface":"βάλετ","lemma":"βάλλω","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"threw","note":"Aorist middle βάλετ(ο) 'threw for himself' — the middle voice marks the cloak going onto his own shoulders."},{"surface":"ὤμοις","lemma":"ὦμος","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"object of ἐπὶ","gloss":"shoulders"}]},{"number":62,"label":"62","id":"b15-l62","source":"ἥρως, βῆ δὲ θύραζε, παριστάμενος δὲ προσηύδα","translation":"the hero, and went to the door, and standing near him spoke:","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l62.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἥρως","lemma":"ἥρως","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of βάλετ᾽","gloss":"the hero"},{"surface":"βῆ","lemma":"βαίνω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"θύραζε","lemma":"θύραζε","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of βῆ","gloss":"to the door","note":"θύραζε is a directional adverb formed with the -δε/-ζε suffix meaning 'to/toward the door', common in Homer for motion."},{"surface":"παριστάμενος","lemma":"παρίστημι","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to προσηύδα","gloss":"standing near"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"προσηύδα","lemma":"προσαυδάω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke"}]},{"number":63,"label":"63","id":"b15-l63","source":"Τηλέμαχος, φίλος υἱὸς Ὀδυσσῆος θείοιο·","translation":"Telemachus, dear son of godlike Odysseus:","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l63.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Τηλέμαχος","lemma":"Τηλέμαχος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"Telemachus"},{"surface":"φίλος","lemma":"φίλος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies υἱὸς","gloss":"dear"},{"surface":"υἱὸς","lemma":"υἱός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"son"},{"surface":"Ὀδυσσῆος","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies υἱὸς","gloss":"of Odysseus"},{"surface":"θείοιο","lemma":"θεῖος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ὀδυσσῆος","gloss":"godlike","note":"θείοιο is genitive singular in the older -οιο ending (instead of -ου), a common Homeric archaism preserved for meter."}]},{"number":64,"label":"64","id":"b15-l64","source":"Ἀτρεΐδη Μενέλαε διοτρεφές, ὄρχαμε λαῶν,","translation":"\"Son of Atreus, Menelaus, nurtured by Zeus, leader of armies,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l64.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"διοτρεφές","title":"Zeus-nurtured (vocative)","body":"This and 'leader of armies' are vocatives addressing Menelaus directly, a high-style honorific run of epithets."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ἀτρεΐδη","lemma":"Ἀτρείδης","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies Μενέλαε","gloss":"son of Atreus"},{"surface":"Μενέλαε","lemma":"Μενέλαος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"Menelaus"},{"surface":"διοτρεφές","lemma":"υνκνοων","morphology":"vocative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Μενέλαε","gloss":"nurtured by Zeus","note":"διοτρεφές (Zeus-nurtured) is a stock vocative epithet applied to kings, marking their divine-sanctioned rule."},{"surface":"ὄρχαμε","lemma":"ὄρχαμος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"leader"},{"surface":"λαῶν","lemma":"λαός","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies ὄρχαμε","gloss":"of armies"}]},{"number":65,"label":"65","id":"b15-l65","source":"ἤδη νῦν μʼ ἀπόπεμπε φίλην ἐς πατρίδα γαῖαν·","translation":"now send me off at last to my dear fatherland,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l65.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἤδη","lemma":"ἤδη","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἀπόπεμπε","gloss":"already/now"},{"surface":"νῦν","lemma":"νῦν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἀπόπεμπε","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"μ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἀπόπεμπε","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"ἀπόπεμπε","lemma":"ἀποπέμπω","morphology":"present active imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"send off"},{"surface":"φίλην","lemma":"φίλος","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies γαῖαν","gloss":"dear"},{"surface":"ἐς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"πατρίδα","lemma":"πατρίς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies γαῖαν","gloss":"ancestral"},{"surface":"γαῖαν","lemma":"γαῖα","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐς","gloss":"land"}]},{"number":66,"label":"66","id":"b15-l66","source":"ἤδη γάρ μοι θυμὸς ἐέλδεται οἴκαδʼ ἱκέσθαι.","translation":"for now my heart longs to return home.\"","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l66.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἤδη","lemma":"ἤδη","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐέλδεται","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"γάρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"modifies θυμὸς","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"θυμὸς","lemma":"θυμός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἐέλδεται","gloss":"heart"},{"surface":"ἐέλδεται","lemma":"ἔλδομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"longs","note":"ἔλδομαι (long for, yearn) is a rarer poetic verb for desire, reinforcing Telemachus's homesickness."},{"surface":"οἴκαδ","lemma":"οἴκαδε","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of ἱκέσθαι","gloss":"homeward"},{"surface":"ἱκέσθαι","lemma":"ἱκνέομαι","morphology":"aorist middle infinitive","role":"object of ἐέλδεται","gloss":"to arrive"}]},{"number":67,"label":"67","id":"b15-l67","source":"τὸν δʼ ἠμείβετʼ ἔπειτα βοὴν ἀγαθὸς Μενέλαος·","translation":"Then Menelaus, good at the war-cry, answered him:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l67.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἠμείβετ᾽","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἠμείβετ","lemma":"ἀμείβω","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"answered"},{"surface":"ἔπειτα","lemma":"ἔπειτα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἠμείβετ᾽","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"βοὴν","lemma":"βοή","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"modifies ἀγαθὸς","gloss":"in the war-cry"},{"surface":"ἀγαθὸς","lemma":"ἀγαθός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Μενέλαος","gloss":"good","note":"Repeats the same 'βοὴν ἀγαθός Μενέλαος' formula from line 57 — Homeric ring-composition around the speech."},{"surface":"Μενέλαος","lemma":"Μενέλαος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἠμείβετ᾽","gloss":"Menelaus"}]},{"number":68,"label":"68","id":"b15-l68","source":"Τηλέμαχʼ, οὔ τί σʼ ἐγώ γε πολὺν χρόνον ἐνθάδʼ ἐρύξω","translation":"\"Telemachus, I for my part will not hold you here a long time","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l68.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Τηλέμαχ","lemma":"Τηλέμαχος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"Telemachus"},{"surface":"οὔ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"τί","lemma":"τις","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"adverbial to ἐρύξω","gloss":"at all"},{"surface":"σ","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"accusative singular pronoun","role":"object of ἐρύξω","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"ἐγώ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἐρύξω","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"γε","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"πολὺν","lemma":"πολύς","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies χρόνον","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"χρόνον","lemma":"χρόνος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐρύξω","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"ἐνθάδ","lemma":"ἐνθάδε","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐρύξω","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"ἐρύξω","lemma":"ἐρύκω","morphology":"future active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"will hold back"}]},{"number":69,"label":"69","id":"b15-l69","source":"ἱέμενον νόστοιο· νεμεσσῶμαι δὲ καὶ ἄλλῳ","translation":"when you long to return; I would blame another man too,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l69.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἱέμενον","lemma":"ἵημι","morphology":"present middle participle, accusative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"longing"},{"surface":"νόστοιο","lemma":"νόστος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἱέμενον","gloss":"for return"},{"surface":"νεμεσσῶμαι","lemma":"νεμεσάω","morphology":"present medio-passive subjunctive, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"would blame","note":"νεμεσσῶμαι (I would feel indignation/blame) expresses the host's moral judgment about improper hospitality — a key Homeric guest-host (xenia) concept."},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"ἄλλῳ","lemma":"ἄλλος","morphology":"dative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἀνδρὶ","gloss":"another"}]},{"number":70,"label":"70","id":"b15-l70","source":"ἀνδρὶ ξεινοδόκῳ, ὅς κʼ ἔξοχα μὲν φιλέῃσιν,","translation":"a host who, in receiving guests, loves them excessively","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l70.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀνδρὶ","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object of νεμεσσῶμαι","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"ξεινοδόκῳ","lemma":"ξεινοδόκος","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies ἀνδρὶ","gloss":"host","note":"ξεινοδόκος (host, guest-receiver) is a compound built on ξένος + δέχομαι, naming the core xenia role in the poem."},{"surface":"ὅς","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of φιλέῃσιν","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"κ","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"[modal particle]"},{"surface":"ἔξοχα","lemma":"ἔξοχος","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to φιλέῃσιν","gloss":"excessively"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"on one hand"},{"surface":"φιλέῃσιν","lemma":"φιλέω","morphology":"present active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing δ᾽","gloss":"loves"}]},{"number":71,"label":"71","id":"b15-l71","source":"ἔξοχα δʼ ἐχθαίρῃσιν· ἀμείνω δʼ αἴσιμα πάντα.","translation":"or hates them excessively; better are all things in due measure.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l71.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"αἴσιμα","title":"Due measure","body":"Aisima means what is fitting, proper, allotted. The line praises moderation as the proper course in hospitality."}],"words":[{"surface":"ἔξοχα","lemma":"ἔξοχος","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐχθαίρῃσιν","gloss":"excessively"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"on the other"},{"surface":"ἐχθαίρῃσιν","lemma":"ἐχθαίρω","morphology":"present active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing δ᾽","gloss":"hates"},{"surface":"ἀμείνω","lemma":"ἀμείνων","morphology":"nominative plural neuter comparative adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"better","note":"Comparative ἀμείνω summarizes Menelaus's maxim of moderation — a classic Greek gnomic statement (μηδὲν ἄγαν)."},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"αἴσιμα","lemma":"αἴσιμος","morphology":"nominative plural neuter adjective","role":"subject","gloss":"fitting"},{"surface":"πάντα","lemma":"πᾶς","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"adverbial","gloss":"all things"}]},{"number":72,"label":"72","id":"b15-l72","source":"ἶσόν τοι κακόν ἐσθʼ, ὅς τʼ οὐκ ἐθέλοντα νέεσθαι","translation":"It is just as bad when a man drives off a guest","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l72.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἶσόν","lemma":"ἴσος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies κακόν","gloss":"equal/same"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"τοι","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"κακόν","lemma":"κακός","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"bad"},{"surface":"ἐσθ","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ὅς","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἐποτρύνει","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"[particle]"},{"surface":"οὐκ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ἐθέλοντα","lemma":"ἐθέλω","morphology":"present active participle, accusative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"willing"},{"surface":"νέεσθαι","lemma":"νέομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive infinitive","role":"object of ἐθέλοντα","gloss":"to go home"}]},{"number":73,"label":"73","id":"b15-l73","source":"ξεῖνον ἐποτρύνει καὶ ὃς ἐσσύμενον κατερύκει.","translation":"who does not wish to leave, as when he holds back one who is eager to go.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l73.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ξεῖνον","lemma":"ξένος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἐποτρύνει","gloss":"guest"},{"surface":"ἐποτρύνει","lemma":"ἐποτρύνω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"urges on","note":"ἐποτρύνει (urges on, hurries) — pairs antithetically with κατερύκει (holds back) in the next clause, framing the two hospitality faults."},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὃς","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of κατερύκει","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"ἐσσύμενον","lemma":"σεύω","morphology":"present middle participle, accusative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"eager"},{"surface":"κατερύκει","lemma":"κατερύκω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"holds back"}]},{"number":74,"label":"74","id":"b15-l74","source":"χρὴ ξεῖνον παρεόντα φιλεῖν, ἐθέλοντα δὲ πέμπειν.","translation":"One should love the guest who is present, and send off the one who wishes to leave.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l74.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"χρὴ","lemma":"χρή","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"it is right"},{"surface":"ξεῖνον","lemma":"ξένος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of φιλεῖν","gloss":"guest"},{"surface":"παρεόντα","lemma":"πάρειμι","morphology":"present active participle, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifies ξεῖνον","gloss":"being present"},{"surface":"φιλεῖν","lemma":"φιλέω","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"object of δὲ","gloss":"to love","note":"χρή + infinitive (χρὴ...φιλεῖν, πέμπειν) states the guest-host code as a general moral rule — the thematic core of the Telemachus-Menelaus scene."},{"surface":"ἐθέλοντα","lemma":"ἐθέλω","morphology":"present active participle, accusative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"wishing"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"πέμπειν","lemma":"πέμπω","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"object of δὲ","gloss":"to send off"}]},{"number":75,"label":"75","id":"b15-l75","source":"ἀλλὰ μένʼ εἰς ὅ κε δῶρα φέρων ἐπιδίφρια θείω","translation":"But wait until I bring fine gifts and set them on your chariot,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l75.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλὰ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"μέν","lemma":"μένω","morphology":"present active imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"stay"},{"surface":"εἰς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"ὅ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"adverbial to δὲ","gloss":"[relative]"},{"surface":"κε","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"[modal particle]"},{"surface":"δῶρα","lemma":"δῶρον","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of θείω","gloss":"gifts"},{"surface":"φέρων","lemma":"φέρω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to θείω","gloss":"bringing"},{"surface":"ἐπιδίφρια","lemma":"ἐπιδίφριος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"complement of θείω","gloss":"onto the chariot"},{"surface":"θείω","lemma":"τίθημι","morphology":"aorist active subjunctive, 1st singular verb","role":"adverbial to δὲ","gloss":"I set","note":"θείω is aorist subjunctive of τίθημι in a purpose/anticipatory clause with εἰς ὅ κε ('until I set'), typical epic subjunctive usage."}]},{"number":76,"label":"76","id":"b15-l76","source":"καλά, σὺ δʼ ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ἴδῃς, εἴπω δὲ γυναιξὶ","translation":"and you see them with your own eyes, and I tell the women","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l76.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καλά","lemma":"καλός","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies δῶρα","gloss":"fine"},{"surface":"σὺ","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"nominative singular pronoun","role":"subject of ἴδῃς","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὀφθαλμοῖσιν","lemma":"ὀφθαλμός","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἴδῃς","gloss":"with your eyes"},{"surface":"ἴδῃς","lemma":"εἶδον","morphology":"aorist active subjunctive, 2nd singular verb","role":"adverbial to δὲ","gloss":"see"},{"surface":"εἴπω","lemma":"εἶπον","morphology":"aorist active subjunctive, 1st singular verb","role":"adverbial to δὲ","gloss":"I tell"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"γυναιξὶ","lemma":"γυνή","morphology":"dative plural feminine noun","role":"object of εἴπω","gloss":"the women"}]},{"number":77,"label":"77","id":"b15-l77","source":"δεῖπνον ἐνὶ μεγάροις τετυκεῖν ἅλις ἔνδον ἐόντων.","translation":"to prepare a meal in the hall from the plentiful stores within.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l77.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δεῖπνον","lemma":"δεῖπνος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of τετυκεῖν","gloss":"a meal"},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"μεγάροις","lemma":"μέγαρον","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ἐνὶ","gloss":"the halls"},{"surface":"τετυκεῖν","lemma":"τεύχω","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"object of εἴπω","gloss":"to prepare"},{"surface":"ἅλις","lemma":"ἅλις","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐόντων","gloss":"in plenty"},{"surface":"ἔνδον","lemma":"ἔνδον","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐόντων","gloss":"within"},{"surface":"ἐόντων","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active participle, genitive plural neuter","role":"modifies δεῖπνον","gloss":"being (stores)","note":"'ἅλις ἔνδον ἐόντων' — genitive absolute-like phrase, 'from what is plentiful within', describing the household's abundant stores."}]},{"number":78,"label":"78","id":"b15-l78","source":"ἀμφότερον, κῦδός τε καὶ ἀγλαΐη καὶ ὄνειαρ,","translation":"It is both an honor and a glory, and a benefit besides,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l78.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀμφότερον","lemma":"ἀμφότερος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"both"},{"surface":"κῦδός","lemma":"κῦδος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"glory","note":"κῦδος (glory, renown) is the prized outcome of proper hospitality in Homeric ethics, tied to a host's reputation."},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἀγλαΐη","lemma":"ἀγλαία","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"splendor"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὄνειαρ","lemma":"ὄνειαρ","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"benefit"}]},{"number":79,"label":"79","id":"b15-l79","source":"δειπνήσαντας ἴμεν πολλὴν ἐπʼ ἀπείρονα γαῖαν.","translation":"to dine before going over the wide, boundless earth.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l79.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δειπνήσαντας","lemma":"δειπνέω","morphology":"aorist active participle, accusative plural masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"having dined"},{"surface":"ἴμεν","lemma":"εἶμι","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"subject","gloss":"to go"},{"surface":"πολλὴν","lemma":"πολύς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies γαῖαν","gloss":"much/wide"},{"surface":"ἐπ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"ἀπείρονα","lemma":"ἀπείρων","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies γαῖαν","gloss":"boundless"},{"surface":"γαῖαν","lemma":"γαῖα","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐπ᾽","gloss":"earth"}]},{"number":80,"label":"80","id":"b15-l80","source":"εἰ δʼ ἐθέλεις τραφθῆναι ἀνʼ Ἑλλάδα καὶ μέσον Ἄργος,","translation":"And if you wish to turn aside through Hellas and central Argos,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l80.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εἰ","lemma":"εἰ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐθέλεις","lemma":"ἐθέλω","morphology":"present active indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"adverbial to εἰ","gloss":"you wish"},{"surface":"τραφθῆναι","lemma":"τρέπω","morphology":"aorist passive infinitive","role":"object of ἐθέλεις","gloss":"to turn aside"},{"surface":"ἀν","lemma":"ἀνά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"Ἑλλάδα","lemma":"Ἑλλάς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"Hellas","note":"Ἑλλάς here names a district in Thessaly, not all of Greece — an older, narrower Homeric sense of the word."},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μέσον","lemma":"μέσος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies Ἄργος","gloss":"central"},{"surface":"Ἄργος","lemma":"Ἄργος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"Argos"}]},{"number":81,"label":"81","id":"b15-l81","source":"ὄφρα τοι αὐτὸς ἕπωμαι, ὑποζεύξω δέ τοι ἵππους,","translation":"so that I myself may accompany you, I will yoke your horses","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l81.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὄφρα","lemma":"ὄφρα","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"object of ἕπωμαι","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"αὐτὸς","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"myself"},{"surface":"ἕπωμαι","lemma":"ἕπομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive subjunctive, 1st singular verb","role":"adverbial to ὄφρα","gloss":"may accompany"},{"surface":"ὑποζεύξω","lemma":"ὑποζεύγνυμι","morphology":"future active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I will yoke"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"object of ὑποζεύξω","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"ἵππους","lemma":"ἵππος","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"object of ὑποζεύξω","gloss":"horses"}]},{"number":82,"label":"82","id":"b15-l82","source":"ἄστεα δʼ ἀνθρώπων ἡγήσομαι· οὐδέ τις ἡμέας","translation":"and guide you to the towns of men; and no one","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l82.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἄστεα","lemma":"ἄστυ","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἡγήσομαι","gloss":"towns"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἀνθρώπων","lemma":"ἄνθρωπος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies ἄστεα","gloss":"of men"},{"surface":"ἡγήσομαι","lemma":"ἡγέομαι","morphology":"future middle indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I will guide","note":"ἡγήσομαι (future middle, 'I will lead') — Menelaus offers to personally escort Telemachus, an act of royal hospitality."},{"surface":"τις","lemma":"τις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of δέ","gloss":"anyone","note":"τις by itself is the indefinite pronoun 'anyone/someone'; the negative sense 'no one' in the translation comes from the preceding οὐδέ, not from τις alone."},{"surface":"ἡμέας","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative plural masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἀππέμψει","gloss":"us"}]},{"number":83,"label":"83","id":"b15-l83","source":"αὔτως ἀππέμψει, δώσει δέ τι ἕν γε φέρεσθαι,","translation":"will send us off empty-handed, but will give some one thing to carry away,","scansion":"—— | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l83.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὔτως","lemma":"αὔτως","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἀππέμψει","gloss":"empty-handed","note":"αὔτως ('just so, as we are') implies 'without gifts' — Menelaus rejects sending guests away empty-handed as shameful."},{"surface":"ἀππέμψει","lemma":"ἀποπέμπω","morphology":"future active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"will send off"},{"surface":"δώσει","lemma":"δίδωμι","morphology":"future active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"will give"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"τι","lemma":"τις","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"modifies ἕν","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"ἕν","lemma":"εἷς","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ,","gloss":"one thing"},{"surface":"γε","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"at least"},{"surface":"φέρεσθαι","lemma":"φέρω","morphology":"present medio-passive infinitive","role":"adverbial to δώσει","gloss":"to carry away"}]},{"number":84,"label":"84","id":"b15-l84","source":"ἠέ τινα τριπόδων εὐχάλκων ἠὲ λεβήτων,","translation":"either some tripod of fine bronze, or a cauldron,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l84.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἠέ","lemma":"ἤ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"either"},{"surface":"τινα","lemma":"τις","morphology":"accusative plural neuter pronoun","role":"object of ἠὲ","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"τριπόδων","lemma":"τρίπους","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies τινα","gloss":"of tripods"},{"surface":"εὐχάλκων","lemma":"εὔχαλκος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies τριπόδων","gloss":"fine bronze","note":"εὔχαλκος (well-bronzed) describes prestige guest-gifts; tripods and cauldrons were standard tokens of honor in Homeric gift exchange."},{"surface":"ἠὲ","lemma":"ἠέ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"λεβήτων","lemma":"λέβης","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies","gloss":"of cauldrons"}]},{"number":85,"label":"85","id":"b15-l85","source":"ἠὲ δύʼ ἡμιόνους ἠὲ χρύσειον ἄλεισον.","translation":"or a pair of mules, or a golden cup.\"","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l85.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἠὲ","lemma":"ἠέ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"δύ","lemma":"δύο","morphology":"numeral","role":"modifies ἡμιόνους","gloss":"two","note":"δύο appears in an epic elided form δύ᾽ before a vowel."},{"surface":"ἡμιόνους","lemma":"ἡμίονος","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"object of ἠὲ","gloss":"mules"},{"surface":"ἠὲ","lemma":"ἠέ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"χρύσειον","lemma":"χρύσεος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἄλεισον","gloss":"golden"},{"surface":"ἄλεισον","lemma":"ἄλεισον","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ἠὲ","gloss":"cup","note":"ἄλεισον, 'drinking cup', a guest-gift item common in Homeric hospitality scenes."}]},{"number":86,"label":"86","id":"b15-l86","source":"τὸν δʼ αὖ Τηλέμαχος πεπνυμένος ἀντίον ηὔδα·","translation":"Then shrewd Telemachus answered him in turn:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l86.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"πεπνυμένος","title":"Perfect participle as epithet","body":"This perfect participle ('having understanding, prudent') functions as a fixed epithet for Telemachus, marking his good sense."}],"words":[{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ηὔδα","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"αὖ","lemma":"αὖ","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"in turn"},{"surface":"Τηλέμαχος","lemma":"Τηλέμαχος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ηὔδα","gloss":"Telemachus"},{"surface":"πεπνυμένος","lemma":"πέπνυμαι","morphology":"perfect medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifies Τηλέμαχος","gloss":"prudent","note":"πεπνυμένος, perfect participle 'having good sense', a fixed epithet for Telemachus."},{"surface":"ἀντίον","lemma":"ἀντίον","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ηὔδα","gloss":"in reply"},{"surface":"ηὔδα","lemma":"αὐδάω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke","note":"ηὔδα, formulaic imperfect that regularly introduces a speech in Homer — here it introduces Telemachus's reply (lines 87ff.), not closes anything."}]},{"number":87,"label":"87","id":"b15-l87","source":"Ἀτρεΐδη Μενέλαε διοτρεφές, ὄρχαμε λαῶν,","translation":"\"Son of Atreus, Menelaus, nurtured by Zeus, leader of armies,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l87.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ἀτρεΐδη","lemma":"Ἀτρείδης","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies Μενέλαε","gloss":"son of Atreus"},{"surface":"Μενέλαε","lemma":"Μενέλαος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"Menelaus"},{"surface":"διοτρεφές","lemma":"υνκνοων","morphology":"vocative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Μενέλαε","gloss":"Zeus-nurtured","note":"διοτρεφές, stock epithet 'fostered by Zeus' applied to kings and heroes."},{"surface":"ὄρχαμε","lemma":"ὄρχαμος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"leader"},{"surface":"λαῶν","lemma":"λαός","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies ὄρχαμε","gloss":"of hosts","note":"ὄρχαμε λαῶν, a common vocative formula for addressing a king/commander."}]},{"number":88,"label":"88","id":"b15-l88","source":"βούλομαι ἤδη νεῖσθαι ἐφʼ ἡμέτερʼ· οὐ γὰρ ὄπισθεν","translation":"I wish to return now to our own land; for behind me","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l88.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"βούλομαι","lemma":"βούλομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I wish"},{"surface":"ἤδη","lemma":"ἤδη","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to νεῖσθαι","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"νεῖσθαι","lemma":"νέομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive infinitive","role":"object of βούλομαι","gloss":"to return"},{"surface":"ἐφ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ἡμέτερ","lemma":"ἡμέτερος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies","gloss":"our land"},{"surface":"οὐ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"γὰρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"ὄπισθεν","lemma":"ὄπισθεν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to κατέλειπον","gloss":"behind me"}]},{"number":89,"label":"89","id":"b15-l89","source":"οὖρον ἰὼν κατέλειπον ἐπὶ κτεάτεσσιν ἐμοῖσιν·","translation":"I left no guardian when I came away over my possessions.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l89.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οὖρον","lemma":"οὖρος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"a guard","note":"οὖρον, 'watcher/guardian', direct object of κατέλειπον in this same line: 'I left no guard behind, going, over my possessions.'"},{"surface":"ἰὼν","lemma":"εἶμι","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to κατέλειπον","gloss":"going"},{"surface":"κατέλειπον","lemma":"καταλείπω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"did I leave"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"κτεάτεσσιν","lemma":"κτέαρ","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"modifies ἐπὶ","gloss":"possessions"},{"surface":"ἐμοῖσιν","lemma":"ἐμός","morphology":"dative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies κτεάτεσσιν","gloss":"my"}]},{"number":90,"label":"90","id":"b15-l90","source":"μὴ πατέρʼ ἀντίθεον διζήμενος αὐτὸς ὄλωμαι,","translation":"I fear that in seeking my godlike father I may perish myself,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l90.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"μὴ","lemma":"μή","morphology":"conjunction","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"lest"},{"surface":"πατέρ","lemma":"πατήρ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of διζήμενος","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"ἀντίθεον","lemma":"ἀντίθεος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies πατέρ᾽","gloss":"godlike","note":"ἀντίθεος, common Homeric epithet meaning 'equal to the gods', here for Odysseus."},{"surface":"διζήμενος","lemma":"δίζημαι","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ὄλωμαι","gloss":"seeking"},{"surface":"αὐτὸς","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"myself"},{"surface":"ὄλωμαι","lemma":"ὄλλυμι","morphology":"aorist middle subjunctive, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I perish","note":"ὄλωμαι, aorist subjunctive after μή expressing a fear/apprehension clause."}]},{"number":91,"label":"91","id":"b15-l91","source":"ἤ τί μοι ἐκ μεγάρων κειμήλιον ἐσθλὸν ὄληται.","translation":"or that some fine treasure may be lost from my halls.\"","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l91.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἤ","lemma":"ἤ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"τί","lemma":"τις","morphology":"nominative singular neuter pronoun","role":"modifies κειμήλιον","gloss":"some"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ὄληται","gloss":"from me"},{"surface":"ἐκ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"μεγάρων","lemma":"μέγαρον","morphology":"genitive plural neuter noun","role":"modifies ἐκ","gloss":"halls"},{"surface":"κειμήλιον","lemma":"κειμήλιον","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"subject of ὄληται","gloss":"treasure"},{"surface":"ἐσθλὸν","lemma":"ἐσθλός","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies κειμήλιον","gloss":"fine"},{"surface":"ὄληται","lemma":"ὄλλυμι","morphology":"aorist subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"be lost","note":"ὄληται, second subjunctive of ὄλλυμι paired with ὄλωμαι above, both governed by μή's fear-clause."}]},{"number":92,"label":"92","id":"b15-l92","source":"αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ τό γʼ ἄκουσε βοὴν ἀγαθὸς Μενέλαος,","translation":"But when Menelaus, good at the war-cry, heard this,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l92.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἐπεὶ","lemma":"ἐπεί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"τό","lemma":"υνκνοων","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"object of ἄκουσε","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"γ","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ἄκουσε","lemma":"ἀκούω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ἐπεὶ","gloss":"heard"},{"surface":"βοὴν","lemma":"βοή","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"modifies ἀγαθὸς","gloss":"in the war-cry"},{"surface":"ἀγαθὸς","lemma":"ἀγαθός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Μενέλαος","gloss":"good","note":"βοὴν ἀγαθὸς, 'good at the war-cry', a recurring heroic epithet formula for Menelaus."},{"surface":"Μενέλαος","lemma":"Μενέλαος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἄκουσε","gloss":"Menelaus"}]},{"number":93,"label":"93","id":"b15-l93","source":"αὐτίκʼ ἄρʼ ᾗ ἀλόχῳ ἠδὲ δμῳῇσι κέλευσε","translation":"at once he commanded his wife and the serving women","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l93.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτίκ","lemma":"αὐτίκα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to κέλευσε","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"ἄρ","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"ᾗ","lemma":"ἑός","morphology":"dative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies ἀλόχῳ","gloss":"his own","note":"ᾗ, possessive adjective ἑός/ὅς in the Homeric reflexive sense 'his own'."},{"surface":"ἀλόχῳ","lemma":"ἄλοχος","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἠδὲ","gloss":"wife"},{"surface":"ἠδὲ","lemma":"ἠδέ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"δμῳῇσι","lemma":"δμωή","morphology":"dative plural feminine noun","role":"object of ἠδὲ","gloss":"serving-women"},{"surface":"κέλευσε","lemma":"κελεύω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"bade"}]},{"number":94,"label":"94","id":"b15-l94","source":"δεῖπνον ἐνὶ μεγάροις τετυκεῖν ἅλις ἔνδον ἐόντων.","translation":"to prepare a meal in the hall from the plentiful stores within.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l94.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δεῖπνον","lemma":"δεῖπνος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of τετυκεῖν","gloss":"a meal"},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"μεγάροις","lemma":"μέγαρον","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ἐνὶ","gloss":"the halls"},{"surface":"τετυκεῖν","lemma":"τεύχω","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"object of κέλευσε","gloss":"prepare"},{"surface":"ἅλις","lemma":"ἅλις","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐόντων","gloss":"plentifully"},{"surface":"ἔνδον","lemma":"ἔνδον","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐόντων","gloss":"within"},{"surface":"ἐόντων","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active participle, genitive plural neuter","role":"modifies δεῖπνον","gloss":"being"}]},{"number":95,"label":"95","id":"b15-l95","source":"ἀγχίμολον δέ οἱ ἦλθε Βοηθοΐδης Ἐτεωνεύς,","translation":"Eteoneus, son of Boethous, came near to him,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l95.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀγχίμολον","lemma":"ἀγχίμολος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to ἦλθε","gloss":"nearby"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἦλθε","gloss":"to him"},{"surface":"ἦλθε","lemma":"ἔρχομαι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"Ἐτεωνεύς","lemma":"Ἐτεωνεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"Eteoneus"}]},{"number":96,"label":"96","id":"b15-l96","source":"ἀνστὰς ἐξ εὐνῆς, ἐπεὶ οὐ πολὺ ναῖεν ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ·","translation":"having risen from his bed, since he lived not far from him;","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l96.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀνστὰς","lemma":"ἀνίστημι","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἦλθε","gloss":"having risen"},{"surface":"ἐξ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"εὐνῆς","lemma":"εὐνή","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐξ","gloss":"bed"},{"surface":"ἐπεὶ","lemma":"ἐπεί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"οὐ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"πολὺ","lemma":"πολύς","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to ναῖεν","gloss":"far","note":"πολὺ used adverbially with the negative, 'not by much' i.e. 'not far'."},{"surface":"ναῖεν","lemma":"ναίω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ἐπεὶ","gloss":"he dwelt"},{"surface":"ἀπ","lemma":"ἀπό","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"αὐτοῦ","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἀπ᾽","gloss":"him"}]},{"number":97,"label":"97","id":"b15-l97","source":"τὸν πῦρ κῆαι ἄνωγε βοὴν ἀγαθὸς Μενέλαος","translation":"Menelaus, good at the war-cry, bade him kindle a fire","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l97.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of τε","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"πῦρ","lemma":"πῦρ","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of κῆαι","gloss":"a fire"},{"surface":"κῆαι","lemma":"καίω","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"object of τε","gloss":"to kindle"},{"surface":"ἄνωγε","lemma":"ἄνωγα","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"bade"},{"surface":"βοὴν","lemma":"βοή","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"modifies ἀγαθὸς","gloss":"in the war-cry"},{"surface":"ἀγαθὸς","lemma":"ἀγαθός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Μενέλαος","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"Μενέλαος","lemma":"μενέλαος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἄνωγε","gloss":"Menelaus"}]},{"number":98,"label":"98","id":"b15-l98","source":"ὀπτῆσαί τε κρεῶν· ὁ δʼ ἄρʼ οὐκ ἀπίθησεν ἀκούσας.","translation":"and roast some meat; and he did not disobey when he heard.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l98.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὀπτῆσαί","lemma":"ὀπτάω","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"object of τε","gloss":"to roast"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"κρεῶν","lemma":"κρέας","morphology":"genitive plural neuter noun","role":"object of ὀπτῆσαί","gloss":"of meat"},{"surface":"ὁ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἀπίθησεν","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἄρ","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"οὐκ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ἀπίθησεν","lemma":"ἀπιθέω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"disobeyed","note":"ἀπίθησεν, aorist of ἀπιθέω 'disobey' — litotes for prompt obedience."},{"surface":"ἀκούσας","lemma":"ἀκούω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἀπίθησεν","gloss":"hearing"}]},{"number":99,"label":"99","id":"b15-l99","source":"αὐτὸς δʼ ἐς θάλαμον κατεβήσετο κηώεντα,","translation":"And he himself went down into the fragrant store-room,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l99.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτὸς","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"subject of κατεβήσετο","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"θάλαμον","lemma":"θάλαμος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἐς","gloss":"store-room"},{"surface":"κατεβήσετο","lemma":"καταβαίνω","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"went down"},{"surface":"κηώεντα","lemma":"κηώεις","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies θάλαμον","gloss":"fragrant","note":"κηώεντα, 'fragrant/perfumed', describing the store-room stocked with spices and cloth."}]},{"number":100,"label":"100","id":"b15-l100","source":"οὐκ οἶος, ἅμα τῷ γʼ Ἑλένη κίε καὶ Μεγαπένθης.","translation":"not alone: Helen went with him, and Megapenthes.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l100.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οὐκ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"οἶος","lemma":"οἶος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"alone"},{"surface":"ἅμα","lemma":"ἅμα","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"together"},{"surface":"τῷ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"adverbial to ἅμα","gloss":"with him"},{"surface":"γ","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"Ἑλένη","lemma":"Ἑλένη","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"Helen"},{"surface":"κίε","lemma":"κίω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"went"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Μεγαπένθης","lemma":"Μεγαπένθης","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"Megapenthes"}]},{"number":101,"label":"101","id":"b15-l101","source":"ἀλλʼ ὅτε δή ῥʼ ἵκανον ὅθι κειμήλια κεῖτο,","translation":"But when they came to where the treasures lay,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l101.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ὅτε","lemma":"ὅτε","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"δή","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ῥ","lemma":"ἆρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"ἵκανον","lemma":"ἱκάνω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"adverbial to ὅτε","gloss":"they came"},{"surface":"ὅθι","lemma":"ὅθι","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to κεῖτο","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"κειμήλια","lemma":"κειμήλιον","morphology":"nominative plural neuter noun","role":"subject of κεῖτο","gloss":"treasures"},{"surface":"κεῖτο","lemma":"κεῖμαι","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing","gloss":"lay","note":"κεῖτο, 'lay stored', a durative imperfect suiting treasures kept in chests over time."}]},{"number":102,"label":"102","id":"b15-l102","source":"Ἀτρεΐδης μὲν ἔπειτα δέπας λάβεν ἀμφικύπελλον,","translation":"the son of Atreus then took a two-handled cup,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l102.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ἀτρεΐδης","lemma":"Ἀτρείδης","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of λάβεν","gloss":"son of Atreus"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ἔπειτα","lemma":"ἔπειτα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to λάβεν","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"δέπας","lemma":"δέπας","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of λάβεν","gloss":"cup"},{"surface":"λάβεν","lemma":"λαμβάνω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"took"},{"surface":"ἀμφικύπελλον","lemma":"ἀμφικύπελλος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies δέπας","gloss":"double-handled","note":"ἀμφικύπελλον, epic compound 'cup with a handle on each side', a standard formulaic cup-epithet."}]},{"number":103,"label":"103","id":"b15-l103","source":"υἱὸν δὲ κρητῆρα φέρειν Μεγαπένθεʼ ἄνωγεν","translation":"and ordered his son Megapenthes to carry a mixing-bowl","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l103.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"υἱὸν","lemma":"υἱός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"his son"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"κρητῆρα","lemma":"κρατήρ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of φέρειν","gloss":"a mixing-bowl"},{"surface":"φέρειν","lemma":"φέρω","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"object of ἄνωγεν","gloss":"to carry"},{"surface":"Μεγαπένθε","lemma":"Μεγαπένθης","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"Megapenthes"},{"surface":"ἄνωγεν","lemma":"ἄνωγα","morphology":"perfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"bade"}]},{"number":104,"label":"104","id":"b15-l104","source":"ἀργύρεον· Ἑλένη δὲ παρίστατο φωριαμοῖσιν,","translation":"of silver; and Helen stood beside the chests,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l104.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀργύρεον","lemma":"ἀργύρεος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies κρητῆρα","gloss":"silver"},{"surface":"Ἑλένη","lemma":"Ἑλένη","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of παρίστατο","gloss":"Helen"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"παρίστατο","lemma":"παρίστημι","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"stood by"},{"surface":"φωριαμοῖσιν","lemma":"φωριαμός","morphology":"dative plural feminine noun","role":"object of παρίστατο","gloss":"the chests"}]},{"number":105,"label":"105","id":"b15-l105","source":"ἔνθʼ ἔσαν οἱ πέπλοι παμποίκιλοι, οὓς κάμεν αὐτή.","translation":"where lay her richly embroidered robes, which she herself had made.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l105.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"οὓς κάμεν αὐτή","title":"Relative clause with intensive pronoun","body":"The aorist 'made' with the intensive 'she herself' stresses that Helen wove the robes with her own hands."}],"words":[{"surface":"ἔνθ","lemma":"ἔνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἔσαν","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"ἔσαν","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"verb of a clause describing φωριαμοῖσιν","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"dative singular feminine pronoun","role":"modifies πέπλοι","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"πέπλοι","lemma":"πέπλος","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of ἔσαν","gloss":"robes"},{"surface":"παμποίκιλοι","lemma":"παμποίκιλος","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies πέπλοι","gloss":"richly embroidered","note":"παμποίκιλοι, superlative-force compound 'all-varied/richly patterned' describing Helen's woven robes."},{"surface":"οὓς","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"accusative plural masculine pronoun","role":"object of κάμεν","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"κάμεν","lemma":"κάμνω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing πέπλοι","gloss":"had made"},{"surface":"αὐτή","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"herself"}]},{"number":106,"label":"106","id":"b15-l106","source":"τῶν ἕνʼ ἀειραμένη Ἑλένη φέρε, δῖα γυναικῶν,","translation":"Lifting out one of these, Helen carried it, she radiant among women,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l106.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τῶν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"genitive plural masculine pronoun","role":"modifies ἕν᾽","gloss":"of these"},{"surface":"ἕν","lemma":"εἷς","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of φέρε","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"ἀειραμένη","lemma":"ἀείρω","morphology":"aorist middle participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to φέρε","gloss":"lifting up"},{"surface":"Ἑλένη","lemma":"Ἑλένη","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"Helen"},{"surface":"φέρε","lemma":"φέρω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"carried"},{"surface":"δῖα","lemma":"δῖος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"subject","gloss":"radiant","note":"δῖα γυναικῶν, 'shining among women', a recurring epithet-phrase for goddesses and great women."},{"surface":"γυναικῶν","lemma":"γυνή","morphology":"genitive plural feminine noun","role":"modifies δῖα","gloss":"of women"}]},{"number":107,"label":"107","id":"b15-l107","source":"ὃς κάλλιστος ἔην ποικίλμασιν ἠδὲ μέγιστος,","translation":"the one that was loveliest in its embroidery and largest,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l107.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὃς","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of δ᾽","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"κάλλιστος","lemma":"καλός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"most beautiful"},{"surface":"ἔην","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing δ᾽","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"ποικίλμασιν","lemma":"ποίκιλμα","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"modifies κάλλιστος","gloss":"in embroidery"},{"surface":"ἠδὲ","lemma":"ἠδέ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μέγιστος","lemma":"μέγας","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"largest"}]},{"number":108,"label":"108","id":"b15-l108","source":"ἀστὴρ δʼ ὣς ἀπέλαμπεν· ἔκειτο δὲ νείατος ἄλλων.","translation":"and it shone like a star; it had lain lowest of all the rest.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l108.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀστὴρ","lemma":"ἀστήρ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"a star"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial","gloss":"like"},{"surface":"ἀπέλαμπεν","lemma":"ἀπολάμπω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing δ᾽","gloss":"shone","note":"ἀστὴρ δ᾽ ὣς ἀπέλαμπεν, a simile-in-miniature comparing the robe's shine to starlight."},{"surface":"ἔκειτο","lemma":"κεῖμαι","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"it lay"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"νείατος","lemma":"νέατος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"lowest"},{"surface":"ἄλλων","lemma":"ἄλλος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies νείατος","gloss":"of the others"}]},{"number":109,"label":"109","id":"b15-l109","source":"βὰν δʼ ἰέναι προτέρω διὰ δώματος, ἧος ἵκοντο","translation":"They set out to go forward through the house, until they reached","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l109.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"βὰν","lemma":"βαίνω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"they went"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἰέναι","lemma":"εἶμι","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"object of βὰν","gloss":"to go"},{"surface":"προτέρω","lemma":"προτέρω","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to βὰν","gloss":"forward"},{"surface":"διὰ","lemma":"διά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"δώματος","lemma":"δῶμα","morphology":"genitive singular neuter noun","role":"object of διὰ","gloss":"the house"},{"surface":"ἧος","lemma":"ἕως","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"ἵκοντο","lemma":"ἱκνέομαι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"adverbial to ἧος","gloss":"they reached"}]},{"number":110,"label":"110","id":"b15-l110","source":"Τηλέμαχον· τὸν δὲ προσέφη ξανθὸς Μενέλαος·","translation":"Telemachus; and fair-haired Menelaus spoke to him:","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l110.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Τηλέμαχον","lemma":"Τηλέμαχος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἵκοντο","gloss":"Telemachus"},{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of προσέφη","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"προσέφη","lemma":"πρόσφημι","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke to"},{"surface":"ξανθὸς","lemma":"ξανθός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Μενέλαος","gloss":"fair-haired","note":"ξανθὸς Μενέλαος, standard descriptive epithet marking Menelaus throughout the poem."},{"surface":"Μενέλαος","lemma":"Μενέλαος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of προσέφη","gloss":"Menelaus"}]},{"number":111,"label":"111","id":"b15-l111","source":"Τηλέμαχʼ, ἦ τοι νόστον, ὅπως φρεσὶ σῇσι μενοινᾷς,","translation":"\"Telemachus, your return — just as you long for it in your heart,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l111.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Τηλέμαχ","lemma":"Τηλέμαχος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"Telemachus"},{"surface":"ἦ","lemma":"ἦ","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"truly"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"τοι","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"νόστον","lemma":"νόστος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of τελέσειεν","gloss":"return"},{"surface":"ὅπως","lemma":"ὅπως","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"φρεσὶ","lemma":"φρήν","morphology":"dative plural noun","role":"adverbial to μενοινᾷς","gloss":"in heart","note":"φρεσὶ σῇσι, dative of place 'in your heart/mind', a common Homeric locational dative for feeling."},{"surface":"σῇσι","lemma":"σός","morphology":"dative plural feminine adjective","role":"modifies φρεσὶ","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"μενοινᾷς","lemma":"μενοινάω","morphology":"present active subjunctive, 2nd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ὅπως","gloss":"you long for"}]},{"number":112,"label":"112","id":"b15-l112","source":"ὥς τοι Ζεὺς τελέσειεν, ἐρίγδουπος πόσις Ἥρης.","translation":"so may Zeus accomplish it for you, the loud-thundering husband of Hera.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l112.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"τελέσειεν","title":"Wish in the optative","body":"The optative τελέσειεν expresses a wish: 'may he accomplish.' Homer often pairs it with a name of Zeus to frame a blessing."}],"words":[{"surface":"ὥς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to τελέσειεν","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"object of τελέσειεν","gloss":"for you"},{"surface":"Ζεὺς","lemma":"Ζεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"Zeus"},{"surface":"τελέσειεν","lemma":"τελέω","morphology":"aorist active optative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"may accomplish","note":"τελέσειεν, optative of wish, expressing Menelaus's prayer for Telemachus's safe return."},{"surface":"ἐρίγδουπος","lemma":"ἐρίγδουπος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies πόσις","gloss":"loud-thundering","note":"ἐρίγδουπος, epic epithet for Zeus as thunder-god, paired with the formula πόσις Ἥρης."},{"surface":"πόσις","lemma":"πόσις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"husband"},{"surface":"Ἥρης","lemma":"Ἥρα","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies πόσις","gloss":"of Hera"}]},{"number":113,"label":"113","id":"b15-l113","source":"δώρων δʼ, ὅσσʼ ἐν ἐμῷ οἴκῳ κειμήλια κεῖται,","translation":"Of the gifts, all the treasures that lie stored in my house,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l113.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δώρων","lemma":"δῶρον","morphology":"genitive plural neuter noun","role":"modifies ἐστι","gloss":"of the gifts","note":"partitive genitive picked up loosely by δώσω in the very next line—Homeric anacoluthon."},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὅσσ","lemma":"ὅσος","morphology":"nominative plural neuter adjective","role":"subject of κεῖται","gloss":"all that"},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"ἐμῷ","lemma":"ἐμός","morphology":"dative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies οἴκῳ","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"οἴκῳ","lemma":"οἶκος","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐν","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"κειμήλια","lemma":"κειμήλιον","morphology":"nominative plural neuter noun","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"treasures"},{"surface":"κεῖται","lemma":"κεῖμαι","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing δώρων","gloss":"lie stored","note":"κεῖμαι serves as the perfect passive of τίθημι—'lie' = 'have been placed'."}]},{"number":114,"label":"114","id":"b15-l114","source":"δώσω ὃ κάλλιστον καὶ τιμηέστατόν ἐστι.","translation":"I will give you the one that is finest and most precious.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l114.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δώσω","lemma":"δίδωμι","morphology":"future active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I will give"},{"surface":"ὃ","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular neuter pronoun","role":"subject of ἐστι","gloss":"the one that"},{"surface":"κάλλιστον","lemma":"καλός","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"finest","note":"superlative of καλός, irregular stem κάλλιστος."},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τιμηέστατόν","lemma":"τιμήεις","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"most precious"},{"surface":"ἐστι","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":115,"label":"115","id":"b15-l115","source":"δώσω τοι κρητῆρα τετυγμένον· ἀργύρεος δὲ","translation":"I will give you a well-wrought mixing-bowl; it is all of silver,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l115.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δώσω","lemma":"δίδωμι","morphology":"future active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I will give"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"object of δώσω","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"κρητῆρα","lemma":"κρατήρ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of δώσω","gloss":"a mixing-bowl"},{"surface":"τετυγμένον","lemma":"τεύχω","morphology":"perfect medio-passive participle, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifies κρητῆρα","gloss":"well-wrought","note":"perfect participle of τεύχω, 'crafted'—stresses the bowl's finished artistry."},{"surface":"ἀργύρεος","lemma":"ἀργύρεος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"silver"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"}]},{"number":116,"label":"116","id":"b15-l116","source":"ἐστὶν ἅπας, χρυσῷ δʼ ἐπὶ χείλεα κεκράανται,","translation":"and its rims are finished off with gold,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l116.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐστὶν","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ἅπας","lemma":"ἅπας","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"all of it"},{"surface":"χρυσῷ","lemma":"χρυσός","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object of κεκράανται","gloss":"with gold"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"χείλεα","lemma":"χεῖλος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ἐπὶ","gloss":"rims"},{"surface":"κεκράανται","lemma":"κραίνω","morphology":"perfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"are finished","note":"κραίνω here means 'complete/finish off (with a rim)', not its usual 'accomplish, rule'."}]},{"number":117,"label":"117","id":"b15-l117","source":"ἔργον δʼ Ἡφαίστοιο· πόρεν δέ ἑ Φαίδιμος ἥρως,","translation":"the work of Hephaestus. The hero Phaedimus gave it to me,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l117.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔργον","lemma":"ἔργον","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"the work"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Ἡφαίστοιο","lemma":"Ἥφαιστος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies ἔργον","gloss":"of Hephaestus","note":"genitive of the craftsman-god marks the bowl as divinely made—typical epic prestige-object formula."},{"surface":"πόρεν","lemma":"πόρω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"gave","note":"πόρω supplies missing tenses of the defective verb 'give, grant'."},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἑ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of πόρεν","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"Φαίδιμος","lemma":"Φαίδιμος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"Phaedimus"},{"surface":"ἥρως","lemma":"ἥρως","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies Φαίδιμος","gloss":"the hero","note":"formulaic epithet ἥρως appended to a proper name, filling out the line."}]},{"number":118,"label":"118","id":"b15-l118","source":"Σιδονίων βασιλεύς, ὅθʼ ἑὸς δόμος ἀμφεκάλυψε","translation":"king of the Sidonians, when his house sheltered me","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l118.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Σιδονίων","lemma":"Σιδόνιος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies βασιλεύς","gloss":"of the Sidonians"},{"surface":"βασιλεύς","lemma":"βασιλεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"king"},{"surface":"ὅθ","lemma":"ὅτε","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"ἑὸς","lemma":"ἑός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies δόμος","gloss":"his own"},{"surface":"δόμος","lemma":"δόμος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἀμφεκάλυψε","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"ἀμφεκάλυψε","lemma":"ἀμφικαλύπτω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ὅθ᾽","gloss":"sheltered me"}]},{"number":119,"label":"119","id":"b15-l119","source":"κεῖσέ με νοστήσαντα· τεῒν δʼ ἐθέλω τόδʼ ὀπάσσαι.","translation":"on my journey home there. This I am willing to bestow on you.\"","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l119.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"κεῖσέ","lemma":"κεῖσε","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of νοστήσαντα","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"με","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἀμφεκάλυψε","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"νοστήσαντα","lemma":"νοστέω","morphology":"aorist active participle, accusative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"having journeyed"},{"surface":"τεῒν","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"object of ὀπάσσαι","gloss":"to you","note":"dative τεῒν is the Homeric/Aeolic form of σοί, metrically lengthened."},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐθέλω","lemma":"ἐθέλω","morphology":"present active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I wish"},{"surface":"τόδ","lemma":"ὅδε","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"object of ὀπάσσαι","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"ὀπάσσαι","lemma":"ὀπάζω","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"object of ἐθέλω","gloss":"to give"}]},{"number":120,"label":"120","id":"b15-l120","source":"ὣς εἰπὼν ἐν χειρὶ τίθει δέπας ἀμφικύπελλον","translation":"So speaking he placed the two-handled cup in his hand,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l120.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to εἰπὼν","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"εἰπὼν","lemma":"εἶπον","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to τίθει","gloss":"speaking","note":"εἶπον's aorist participle εἰπών, common formula opening 'so speaking, he...'."},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"χειρὶ","lemma":"χείρ","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐν","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"τίθει","lemma":"τίθημι","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"placed"},{"surface":"δέπας","lemma":"δέπας","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of τίθει","gloss":"cup"},{"surface":"ἀμφικύπελλον","lemma":"ἀμφικύπελλος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies δέπας","gloss":"two-handled","note":"stock Homeric epithet for a drinking-cup, ἀμφικύπελλον, 'double-cupped'."}]},{"number":121,"label":"121","id":"b15-l121","source":"ἥρως Ἀτρεΐδης· ὁ δʼ ἄρα κρητῆρα φαεινὸν","translation":"the hero, son of Atreus; and the shining mixing-bowl","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l121.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἥρως","lemma":"ἥρως","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies Ἀτρεΐδης","gloss":"the hero"},{"surface":"Ἀτρεΐδης","lemma":"Ἀτρείδης","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of τίθει","gloss":"son of Atreus","note":"patronymic epithet for Menelaus, common heroic-title formula."},{"surface":"ὁ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἄρα","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"κρητῆρα","lemma":"κρατήρ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of θῆκ᾽","gloss":"mixing-bowl"},{"surface":"φαεινὸν","lemma":"φαεινός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies κρητῆρα","gloss":"shining"}]},{"number":122,"label":"122","id":"b15-l122","source":"θῆκʼ αὐτοῦ προπάροιθε φέρων κρατερὸς Μεγαπένθης,","translation":"mighty Megapenthes carried and set down before him,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l122.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"θῆκ","lemma":"τίθημι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"set down"},{"surface":"αὐτοῦ","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"adverbial to προπάροιθε","gloss":"there","note":"αὐτοῦ used adverbially, 'on the spot, there' (not a genitive 'of it')—goes with προπάροιθε, 'there in front'."},{"surface":"προπάροιθε","lemma":"προπάροιθε","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"φέρων","lemma":"φέρω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to θῆκ᾽","gloss":"carrying"},{"surface":"κρατερὸς","lemma":"κρατερός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Μεγαπένθης","gloss":"mighty"},{"surface":"Μεγαπένθης","lemma":"Μεγαπένθης","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"Megapenthes"}]},{"number":123,"label":"123","id":"b15-l123","source":"ἀργύρεον· Ἑλένη δὲ παρίστατο καλλιπάρῃος","translation":"the silver one; and Helen of the lovely cheeks stood by","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l123.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"καλλιπάρῃος","title":"Lovely-cheeked","body":"A standing epithet, literally 'beautiful-cheeked,' formed from καλός (beautiful) and παρειά (cheek). Homer attaches such fixed adjectives to characters by metrical convenience."}],"words":[{"surface":"ἀργύρεον","lemma":"ἀργύρεος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies κρητῆρα","gloss":"silver"},{"surface":"Ἑλένη","lemma":"Ἑλένη","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of τ᾽","gloss":"Helen"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"παρίστατο","lemma":"παρίστημι","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"stood by"},{"surface":"καλλιπάρῃος","lemma":"καλλιπάρηος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies Ἑλένη","gloss":"lovely-cheeked","note":"compound epithet καλλιπάρῃος, 'fair-cheeked'—typical of Helen's beauty formulas."}]},{"number":124,"label":"124","id":"b15-l124","source":"πέπλον ἔχουσʼ ἐν χερσίν, ἔπος τʼ ἔφατʼ ἔκ τʼ ὀνόμαζε·","translation":"holding a robe in her hands, and she spoke and addressed him:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l124.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πέπλον","lemma":"πέπλος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἔχουσ᾽","gloss":"a robe"},{"surface":"ἔχουσ","lemma":"ἔχω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to παρίστατο","gloss":"holding"},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"χερσίν","lemma":"χείρ","morphology":"dative plural feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐν","gloss":"her hands"},{"surface":"ἔπος","lemma":"ἔπος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ἔφατ᾽","gloss":"a word"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἔφατ","lemma":"φημί","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke"},{"surface":"ἔκ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὀνόμαζε","lemma":"ὀνομάζω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"addressed him","note":"ἔπος...ἔφατ᾽ ἔκ τ᾽ ὀνόμαζε is the standard oral-formulaic tag for 'spoke, addressing him by name'."}]},{"number":125,"label":"125","id":"b15-l125","source":"δῶρόν τοι καὶ ἐγώ, τέκνον φίλε, τοῦτο\n                     δίδωμι,","translation":"\"I too give you this gift, dear child,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l125.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δῶρόν","lemma":"δῶρον","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ,","gloss":"a gift"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"object of δίδωμι","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"ἐγώ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject of δίδωμι","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"τέκνον","lemma":"τέκνον","morphology":"vocative singular neuter noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"child"},{"surface":"φίλε","lemma":"φίλος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies τέκνον","gloss":"dear"},{"surface":"τοῦτο","lemma":"οὗτος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies δῶρόν","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"δίδωμι","lemma":"δίδωμι","morphology":"present active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"give"}]},{"number":126,"label":"126","id":"b15-l126","source":"μνῆμʼ Ἑλένης χειρῶν, πολυηράτου ἐς γάμου ὥρην,","translation":"a remembrance of Helen's hands, for the hour of your longed-for wedding,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l126.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"μνῆμ","lemma":"μνῆμα","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ,","gloss":"a remembrance"},{"surface":"Ἑλένης","lemma":"Ἑλένη","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies χειρῶν","gloss":"of Helen"},{"surface":"χειρῶν","lemma":"χείρ","morphology":"genitive plural feminine noun","role":"modifies μνῆμ᾽","gloss":"of hands","note":"'hands' by metonymy for Helen's own handiwork—she wove the robe herself."},{"surface":"πολυηράτου","lemma":"πολυήρατος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies γάμου","gloss":"much-longed-for"},{"surface":"ἐς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"γάμου","lemma":"γάμος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies ὥρην","gloss":"of wedding"},{"surface":"ὥρην","lemma":"ὥρα","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐς","gloss":"the hour"}]},{"number":127,"label":"127","id":"b15-l127","source":"σῇ ἀλόχῳ φορέειν· τῆος δὲ φίλῃ παρὰ μητρὶ","translation":"for your bride to wear; until then let it lie beside your dear mother","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l127.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"σῇ","lemma":"σός","morphology":"dative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies ἀλόχῳ","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"ἀλόχῳ","lemma":"ἄλοχος","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"object of δίδωμι","gloss":"bride"},{"surface":"φορέειν","lemma":"φορέω","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"adverbial to δίδωμι","gloss":"to wear"},{"surface":"τῆος","lemma":"τέως","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to κείσθω","gloss":"till then","note":"Homeric adverb τέως/τῆος, 'meanwhile, until then'."},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"φίλῃ","lemma":"φίλος","morphology":"dative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies μητρὶ","gloss":"dear"},{"surface":"παρὰ","lemma":"παρά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"beside"},{"surface":"μητρὶ","lemma":"μήτηρ","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to παρὰ","gloss":"mother"}]},{"number":128,"label":"128","id":"b15-l128","source":"κείσθω ἐνὶ μεγάρῳ. σὺ δέ μοι χαίρων ἀφίκοιο","translation":"in the hall. And may you come rejoicing to","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l128.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"κείσθω","lemma":"κεῖμαι","morphology":"present medio-passive imperative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"let it lie","note":"3rd-person imperative of κεῖμαι—a polite wish/instruction, 'let it rest'."},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"μεγάρῳ","lemma":"μέγαρον","morphology":"dative singular neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ἐνὶ","gloss":"the hall"},{"surface":"σὺ","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"nominative singular pronoun","role":"subject of ἀφίκοιο","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular feminine pronoun","role":"adverbial to ἀφίκοιο","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"χαίρων","lemma":"χαίρω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἀφίκοιο","gloss":"rejoicing"},{"surface":"ἀφίκοιο","lemma":"ἀφικνέομαι","morphology":"aorist middle optative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"may you come","note":"aorist optative of wish, ἀφίκοιο—'may you arrive', a common valedictory blessing."}]},{"number":129,"label":"129","id":"b15-l129","source":"οἶκον ἐϋκτίμενον καὶ σὴν ἐς πατρίδα γαῖαν.","translation":"your well-built home and to your native land.\"","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l129.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οἶκον","lemma":"οἶκος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"home"},{"surface":"ἐϋκτίμενον","lemma":"ἐυκτίμενος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies οἶκον","gloss":"well-built"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"σὴν","lemma":"σός","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies γαῖαν","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"ἐς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"πατρίδα","lemma":"πατρίς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies γαῖαν","gloss":"native"},{"surface":"γαῖαν","lemma":"γαῖα","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐς","gloss":"land"}]},{"number":130,"label":"130","id":"b15-l130","source":"ὣς εἰποῦσʼ ἐν χερσὶ τίθει, ὁ δʼ ἐδέξατο χαίρων.","translation":"So speaking she placed it in his hands, and he received it gladly.","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l130.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to εἰποῦσ᾽","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"εἰποῦσ","lemma":"εἶπον","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to τίθει","gloss":"speaking"},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"χερσὶ","lemma":"χείρ","morphology":"dative plural feminine noun","role":"object of ἐν","gloss":"hands"},{"surface":"τίθει","lemma":"τίθημι","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"placed"},{"surface":"ὁ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἐδέξατο","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐδέξατο","lemma":"δέχομαι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"received it"},{"surface":"χαίρων","lemma":"χαίρω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἐδέξατο","gloss":"gladly"}]},{"number":131,"label":"131","id":"b15-l131","source":"καὶ τὰ μὲν ἐς πείρινθα τίθει Πεισίστρατος ἥρως","translation":"And the hero Peisistratus stowed these things in the wicker basket,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l131.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τὰ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative plural neuter pronoun","role":"object of τίθει","gloss":"these things"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ἐς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"πείρινθα","lemma":"πείρινς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐς","gloss":"the wicker basket","note":"πείρινς, a rare epic word for a wagon's storage basket—used only in travel scenes."},{"surface":"τίθει","lemma":"τίθημι","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"stowed"},{"surface":"Πεισίστρατος","lemma":"Πεισίστρατος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"Peisistratus"},{"surface":"ἥρως","lemma":"ἥρως","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"modifies Πεισίστρατος","gloss":"the hero"}]},{"number":132,"label":"132","id":"b15-l132","source":"δεξάμενος, καὶ πάντα ἑῷ θηήσατο θυμῷ·","translation":"taking them up, and marveled at them all in his heart.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l132.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δεξάμενος","lemma":"δέχομαι","morphology":"aorist participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to τίθει","gloss":"taking them"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"πάντα","lemma":"πᾶς","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of θηήσατο","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"ἑῷ","lemma":"ἑός","morphology":"dative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies θυμῷ","gloss":"his own"},{"surface":"θηήσατο","lemma":"θεάομαι","morphology":"aorist medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"marveled","note":"θεάομαι, 'gaze at in wonder'—root of English 'theater'."},{"surface":"θυμῷ","lemma":"θυμός","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to θηήσατο","gloss":"in heart"}]},{"number":133,"label":"133","id":"b15-l133","source":"τοὺς δʼ ἦγε πρὸς δῶμα κάρη ξανθὸς Μενέλαος.","translation":"Then fair-haired Menelaus led them into the house.","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l133.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τοὺς","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative plural masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἦγε","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἦγε","lemma":"ἄγω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"led"},{"surface":"πρὸς","lemma":"πρός","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"δῶμα","lemma":"δῶμα","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of πρὸς","gloss":"the house"},{"surface":"κάρη","lemma":"κάρα","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"modifies ξανθὸς","gloss":"as to head","note":"accusative of respect, κάρη, 'in respect of head'—goes with ξανθὸς, 'fair-headed'."},{"surface":"ξανθὸς","lemma":"ξανθός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Μενέλαος","gloss":"fair-haired"},{"surface":"Μενέλαος","lemma":"Μενέλαος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἦγε","gloss":"Menelaus"}]},{"number":134,"label":"134","id":"b15-l134","source":"ἑζέσθην δʼ ἄρʼ ἔπειτα κατὰ κλισμούς τε θρόνους τε.","translation":"And the two of them sat down on the couches and chairs.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l134.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ἑζέσθην","title":"Dual verb for the pair","body":"ἑζέσθην is dual, marking exactly two people — Telemachus and Peisistratus — sitting down. Homer keeps the dual alive for natural pairs."}],"words":[{"surface":"ἑζέσθην","lemma":"ἕζομαι","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd dual verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"the two sat down","note":"dual verb form ἑζέσθην—marks the pair (Telemachus and Peisistratus) acting together."},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἄρ","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ἔπειτα","lemma":"ἔπειτα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἑζέσθην","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"κατὰ","lemma":"κατά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"κλισμούς","lemma":"κλισμός","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"object of τε","gloss":"couches"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"θρόνους","lemma":"θρόνος","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"object of τε","gloss":"chairs"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"}]},{"number":135,"label":"135","id":"b15-l135","source":"χέρνιβα δʼ ἀμφίπολος προχόῳ ἐπέχευε φέρουσα","translation":"A handmaid brought water and poured it from a pitcher","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l135.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"χέρνιβα","lemma":"χέρνιψ","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐπέχευε","gloss":"water for washing","note":"χέρνιψ, ritual hand-washing water before a meal—stock hospitality-scene item."},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἀμφίπολος","lemma":"ἀμφίπολος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"subject of ἐπέχευε","gloss":"a handmaid"},{"surface":"προχόῳ","lemma":"πρόχοος","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐπέχευε","gloss":"from a pitcher"},{"surface":"ἐπέχευε","lemma":"ἐπιχέω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"poured"},{"surface":"φέρουσα","lemma":"φέρω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to ἐπέχευε","gloss":"bringing"}]},{"number":136,"label":"136","id":"b15-l136","source":"καλῇ χρυσείῃ, ὑπὲρ ἀργυρέοιο λέβητος,","translation":"of beautiful gold, over a silver basin,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l136.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καλῇ","lemma":"καλός","morphology":"dative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies προχόῳ","gloss":"beautiful"},{"surface":"χρυσείῃ","lemma":"χρύσεος","morphology":"dative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies προχόῳ","gloss":"golden"},{"surface":"ὑπὲρ","lemma":"ὑπέρ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"over"},{"surface":"ἀργυρέοιο","lemma":"ἀργύρεος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies λέβητος","gloss":"silver"},{"surface":"λέβητος","lemma":"λέβης","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ὑπὲρ","gloss":"basin"}]},{"number":137,"label":"137","id":"b15-l137","source":"νίψασθαι· παρὰ δὲ ξεστὴν ἐτάνυσσε τράπεζαν.","translation":"for them to wash; and she drew up a polished table beside them.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l137.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"νίψασθαι","lemma":"νίζω","morphology":"aorist middle infinitive","role":"adverbial to ἐπέχευε","gloss":"to wash","note":"middle infinitive νίψασθαι, 'to wash oneself/one's hands'—reflexive middle voice."},{"surface":"παρὰ","lemma":"παρά","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"beside"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ξεστὴν","lemma":"ξεστός","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies τράπεζαν","gloss":"polished"},{"surface":"ἐτάνυσσε","lemma":"τανύω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"drew up"},{"surface":"τράπεζαν","lemma":"τράπεζα","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐτάνυσσε","gloss":"table"}]},{"number":138,"label":"138","id":"b15-l138","source":"σῖτον δʼ αἰδοίη ταμίη παρέθηκε φέρουσα·","translation":"The honored housekeeper brought bread and set it before them,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l138.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"σῖτον","lemma":"σῖτος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of παρέθηκε","gloss":"bread"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"αἰδοίη","lemma":"αἰδοῖος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies ταμίη","gloss":"honored"},{"surface":"ταμίη","lemma":"ταμία","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of παρέθηκε","gloss":"housekeeper"},{"surface":"παρέθηκε","lemma":"παρατίθημι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"set before them"},{"surface":"φέρουσα","lemma":"φέρω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to παρέθηκε","gloss":"bringing"}]},{"number":139,"label":"139","id":"b15-l139","source":"εἴδατα πόλλʼ ἐπιθεῖσα, χαριζομένη παρεόντων·","translation":"laying out many dishes, freely giving of her store;","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l139.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εἴδατα","lemma":"εἶδαρ","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἐπιθεῖσα","gloss":"dishes"},{"surface":"πόλλ","lemma":"πολύς","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies εἴδατα","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"ἐπιθεῖσα","lemma":"ἐπιτίθημι","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to ,","gloss":"laying out"},{"surface":"χαριζομένη","lemma":"χαρίζομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to ,","gloss":"freely giving","note":"χαρίζομαι, 'give graciously'—related to χάρις, the same root as 'charm, grace'."},{"surface":"παρεόντων","lemma":"πάρειμι","morphology":"present active participle, genitive plural neuter","role":"object of χαριζομένη","gloss":"of what was at hand","note":"genitive participle of πάρειμι, 'the things present/available'—i.e. from her stores."}]},{"number":140,"label":"140","id":"b15-l140","source":"πὰρ δὲ Βοηθοΐδης κρέα δαίετο καὶ νέμε μοίρας·","translation":"and beside them the son of Boethous carved the meat and dealt out the portions;","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l140.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πὰρ","lemma":"παρά","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"beside them"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Βοηθοΐδης","lemma":"Βοηθοΐδης","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"son of Boethous","note":"patronymic naming pattern (-ίδης, 'son of'), common way Homer identifies minor figures."},{"surface":"κρέα","lemma":"κρέας","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of δαίετο","gloss":"meat"},{"surface":"δαίετο","lemma":"δαίω","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"carved"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"νέμε","lemma":"νέμω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"dealt out"},{"surface":"μοίρας","lemma":"μοῖρα","morphology":"accusative plural feminine noun","role":"object of νέμε","gloss":"portions"}]},{"number":141,"label":"141","id":"b15-l141","source":"οἰνοχόει δʼ υἱὸς Μενελάου κυδαλίμοιο.","translation":"and the son of glorious Menelaus poured the wine.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l141.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οἰνοχόει","lemma":"οἰνοχοέω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"poured wine","note":"Denominative verb from οἶνος + χέω, 'wine-pour'; imperfect for repeated action at the feast."},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"υἱὸς","lemma":"υἱός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of οἰνοχόει","gloss":"son"},{"surface":"Μενελάου","lemma":"Μενέλαος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies υἱὸς","gloss":"of Menelaus"},{"surface":"κυδαλίμοιο","lemma":"κυδάλιμος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Μενελάου","gloss":"glorious","note":"Stock epithet κυδάλιμος regularly frames heroes' patronymics in formulaic verse."}]},{"number":142,"label":"142","id":"b15-l142","source":"οἱ δʼ ἐπʼ ὀνείαθʼ ἑτοῖμα προκείμενα χεῖρας ἴαλλον.","translation":"So they reached out their hands to the good things set ready before them.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l142.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἴαλλον","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐπ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"at, upon"},{"surface":"ὀνείαθ","lemma":"ὄνειαρ","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἐπ᾽","gloss":"good things","note":"ὄνειαρ 'benefit, food' pluralized for the spread of dishes; elided -θ᾽ before vowel."},{"surface":"ἑτοῖμα","lemma":"ἑτοῖμος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies ὀνείαθ᾽","gloss":"ready"},{"surface":"προκείμενα","lemma":"πρόκειμαι","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, accusative plural neuter","role":"modifies ὀνείαθ᾽","gloss":"set before them","note":"Participle of πρόκειμαι, literally 'lying before' — describes food already laid out."},{"surface":"χεῖρας","lemma":"χείρ","morphology":"accusative plural feminine noun","role":"object of ἴαλλον","gloss":"hands"},{"surface":"ἴαλλον","lemma":"ἰάλλω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"reached out","note":"Formulaic Homeric line for beginning a meal; χεῖρας ἴαλλον = 'sent forth their hands'."}]},{"number":143,"label":"143","id":"b15-l143","source":"αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ πόσιος καὶ ἐδητύος ἐξ ἔρον ἕντο,","translation":"But when they had put away their desire for food and drink,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l143.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ἐξ ἔρον ἕντο","title":"Formula for finishing a meal","body":"A recurring Homeric line: literally 'they sent out the desire (for food and drink).' ἕντο is aorist middle of ἵημι. The whole verse is a stock formula closing a feast."}],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἐπεὶ","lemma":"ἐπεί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"πόσιος","lemma":"πόσις","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies καὶ","gloss":"of drink"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐδητύος","lemma":"ἐδητύς","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies καὶ","gloss":"of food"},{"surface":"ἐξ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"out, away","note":"ἐξ here intensifies ἵημι rather than governing a case — 'sent away/put aside' desire fully."},{"surface":"ἔρον","lemma":"ἔρος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἕντο","gloss":"desire, craving"},{"surface":"ἕντο","lemma":"ἵημι","morphology":"aorist indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"adverbial to ἐπεὶ","gloss":"put away","note":"ἕντο = aorist middle of ἵημι, idiom ἐξ ἔρον ἕντο 'they let go their desire (for food)'."}]},{"number":144,"label":"144","id":"b15-l144","source":"δὴ τότε Τηλέμαχος καὶ Νέστορος ἀγλαὸς υἱὸς","translation":"then Telemachus and the splendid son of Nestor","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l144.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δὴ","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"τότε","lemma":"τότε","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to θ᾽","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"Τηλέμαχος","lemma":"Τηλέμαχος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"Telemachus"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Νέστορος","lemma":"Νέστωρ","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies υἱὸς","gloss":"of Nestor"},{"surface":"ἀγλαὸς","lemma":"ἀγλαός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies υἱὸς","gloss":"splendid"},{"surface":"υἱὸς","lemma":"υἱός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"son"}]},{"number":145,"label":"145","id":"b15-l145","source":"ἵππους τε ζεύγνυντʼ ἀνά θʼ ἅρματα ποικίλʼ ἔβαινον,","translation":"yoked the horses and climbed into the inlaid chariot,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l145.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἵππους","lemma":"ἵππος","morphology":"accusative plural feminine noun","role":"object of ζεύγνυντ᾽","gloss":"horses"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ζεύγνυντ","lemma":"ζεύγνυμι","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"yoked","note":"Middle voice ζεύγνυντ᾽ suggests yoking for their own use/departure."},{"surface":"ἀνά","lemma":"ἀνά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"up into"},{"surface":"θ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἅρματα","lemma":"ἅρμα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ἀνά","gloss":"chariot"},{"surface":"ποικίλ","lemma":"ποικίλος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἅρματα","gloss":"inlaid, ornate","note":"ποικίλος 'dappled/decorated' — a favorite Homeric epithet for crafted chariots and armor."},{"surface":"ἔβαινον","lemma":"βαίνω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"climbed, boarded"}]},{"number":146,"label":"146","id":"b15-l146","source":"ἐκ δʼ ἔλασαν προθύροιο καὶ αἰθούσης ἐριδούπου.","translation":"and drove out from the gateway and the echoing portico.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l146.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐκ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἔλασαν","lemma":"ἐλαύνω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"drove"},{"surface":"προθύροιο","lemma":"πρόθυρον","morphology":"genitive singular neuter noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"of the gateway"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"αἰθούσης","lemma":"αἴθουσα","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"of the portico"},{"surface":"ἐριδούπου","lemma":"ἐρίδουπος","morphology":"genitive singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies αἰθούσης","gloss":"echoing","note":"ἐρίδουπος 'much-resounding' — describes the loud, high-ceilinged colonnaded porch."}]},{"number":147,"label":"147","id":"b15-l147","source":"τοὺς δὲ μετʼ Ἀτρεΐδης ἔκιε ξανθὸς Μενέλαος,","translation":"After them went the son of Atreus, fair-haired Menelaus,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l147.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τοὺς","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative plural masculine pronoun","role":"adverbial to μετ᾽","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and, but"},{"surface":"μετ","lemma":"μετά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"after","note":"μετά + accusative τοὺς: 'after them' — motion pursuing the departing pair."},{"surface":"Ἀτρεΐδης","lemma":"Ἀτρείδης","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies Μενέλαος","gloss":"son of Atreus"},{"surface":"ἔκιε","lemma":"κίω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"went, walked","note":"Epic verb κίω, common alternative to ἔρχομαι in Homer, only in certain tenses."},{"surface":"ξανθὸς","lemma":"ξανθός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Μενέλαος","gloss":"fair-haired","note":"Standing epithet ξανθός marks Menelaus repeatedly in Homer, but it is not exclusive to him — it also describes Achilles (ξανθὸς Ἀχιλλεύς) and others."},{"surface":"Μενέλαος","lemma":"Μενέλαος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἔκιε","gloss":"Menelaus"}]},{"number":148,"label":"148","id":"b15-l148","source":"οἶνον ἔχων ἐν χειρὶ μελίφρονα δεξιτερῆφι,","translation":"holding honey-sweet wine in his right hand,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l148.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οἶνον","lemma":"οἶνος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἔχων","gloss":"wine"},{"surface":"ἔχων","lemma":"ἔχω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἔκιε","gloss":"holding"},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"χειρὶ","lemma":"χείρ","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐν","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"μελίφρονα","lemma":"μελίφρων","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies οἶνον","gloss":"honey-sweet","note":"μελίφρων 'honey-minded' — a poetic compound epithet used of wine that delights the heart."},{"surface":"δεξιτερῆφι","lemma":"δεξιτερός","morphology":"dative plural feminine adjective","role":"modifies χειρὶ","gloss":"right (hand)","note":"δεξιτερῆφι uses the old instrumental -φι ending, common in Homeric formulas."}]},{"number":149,"label":"149","id":"b15-l149","source":"ἐν δέπαϊ χρυσέῳ, ὄφρα λείψαντε κιοίτην.","translation":"in a golden cup, that they might pour a libation before they set out.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l149.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"δέπαϊ","lemma":"δέπας","morphology":"dative singular neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ἐν","gloss":"cup"},{"surface":"χρυσέῳ","lemma":"χρύσεος","morphology":"dative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies δέπαϊ","gloss":"golden"},{"surface":"ὄφρα","lemma":"ὄφρα","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"λείψαντε","lemma":"λείβω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative dual masculine","role":"adverbial to κιοίτην","gloss":"having poured a libation","note":"Dual participle λείψαντε agrees with the two young men performing the ritual together."},{"surface":"κιοίτην","lemma":"κίω","morphology":"aorist active optative, 3rd dual verb","role":"adverbial to ὄφρα","gloss":"might set out","note":"Dual optative κιοίτην marks the two travelers (Telemachus and Peisistratus) as a pair."}]},{"number":150,"label":"150","id":"b15-l150","source":"στῆ δʼ ἵππων προπάροιθε, δεδισκόμενος δὲ προσηύδα·","translation":"He stood before the horses and, pledging them, spoke:","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l150.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"στῆ","lemma":"ἵστημι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἵππων","lemma":"ἵππος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"adverbial to προπάροιθε","gloss":"of the horses"},{"surface":"προπάροιθε","lemma":"προπάροιθε","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in front of"},{"surface":"δεδισκόμενος","lemma":"δεδίσκομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to προσηύδα","gloss":"pledging, toasting","note":"δεδισκόμενος describes the gesture of raising a cup in greeting/farewell."},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"προσηύδα","lemma":"προσαυδάω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke, addressed"}]},{"number":151,"label":"151","id":"b15-l151","source":"χαίρετον, ὦ κούρω, καὶ Νέστορι ποιμένι λαῶν","translation":"\"Farewell, young men, and give my greeting to Nestor, shepherd of the people;","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l151.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ποιμένι λαῶν","title":"Shepherd of the people","body":"'Shepherd of the people' is a recurring epithet for kings in Homer, casting the ruler as one who guards a flock. Here it honors Nestor."}],"words":[{"surface":"χαίρετον","lemma":"χαίρω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 2nd dual verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"farewell","note":"Dual form χαίρετον addresses the two young men together as a parting greeting."},{"surface":"ὦ","lemma":"ὦ","morphology":"exclamation","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"O"},{"surface":"κούρω","lemma":"κόρος","morphology":"vocative dual masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"young men","note":"Vocative dual κούρω, 'governed by elided head' — supply an implied verb like 'greet'."},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Νέστορι","lemma":"Νέστωρ","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object","gloss":"to Nestor","note":"Dative of the person greeted, object of an implied verb like 'say greetings' (see εἰπεῖν next line)."},{"surface":"ποιμένι","lemma":"ποιμήν","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object","gloss":"shepherd"},{"surface":"λαῶν","lemma":"λαός","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies ποιμένι","gloss":"of the people"}]},{"number":152,"label":"152","id":"b15-l152","source":"εἰπεῖν· ἦ γὰρ ἐμοί γε πατὴρ ὣς ἤπιος ἦεν,","translation":"for truly he was as kind to me as a father,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l152.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εἰπεῖν","lemma":"εἶπον","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"main verb","gloss":"to say","note":"Infinitive completing the sense begun by χαίρετον...καὶ Νέστορι — 'say (greeting) to Nestor'."},{"surface":"ἦ","lemma":"ἦ","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"truly"},{"surface":"γὰρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"ἐμοί","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἦεν","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"γε","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"πατὴρ","lemma":"πατήρ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"conjunction","role":"adverbial","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"ἤπιος","lemma":"ἤπιος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"kind, gentle"},{"surface":"ἦεν","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"was","note":"Epic form ἦεν for ἦν, common lengthened imperfect of εἰμί in Homeric meter."}]},{"number":153,"label":"153","id":"b15-l153","source":"ἧος ἐνὶ Τροίῃ πολεμίζομεν υἷες Ἀχαιῶν.","translation":"while we sons of the Achaeans fought at Troy.\"","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l153.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἧος","lemma":"ἕως","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"while","note":"Epic form ἧος = Attic ἕως 'while, as long as'."},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Τροίῃ","lemma":"Τροία","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐνὶ","gloss":"Troy"},{"surface":"πολεμίζομεν","lemma":"πολεμίζω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 1st plural verb","role":"adverbial to ἧος","gloss":"we fought"},{"surface":"υἷες","lemma":"υἱός","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of πολεμίζομεν","gloss":"sons"},{"surface":"Ἀχαιῶν","lemma":"Ἀχαιός","morphology":"genitive plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies υἷες","gloss":"of the Achaeans"}]},{"number":154,"label":"154","id":"b15-l154","source":"τὸν δʼ αὖ Τηλέμαχος πεπνυμένος ἀντίον ηὔδα·","translation":"Then wise Telemachus answered him in turn:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l154.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ηὔδα","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"αὖ","lemma":"αὖ","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"again, in turn"},{"surface":"Τηλέμαχος","lemma":"Τηλέμαχος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ηὔδα","gloss":"Telemachus"},{"surface":"πεπνυμένος","lemma":"πέπνυμαι","morphology":"perfect medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifies Τηλέμαχος","gloss":"wise, prudent","note":"πεπνυμένος 'having good sense' is Telemachus's fixed epithet throughout the poem."},{"surface":"ἀντίον","lemma":"ἀντίον","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ηὔδα","gloss":"in reply"},{"surface":"ηὔδα","lemma":"αὐδάω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke"}]},{"number":155,"label":"155","id":"b15-l155","source":"καὶ λίην κείνῳ γε, διοτρεφές, ὡς ἀγορεύεις,","translation":"\"Indeed, Zeus-nurtured one, just as you say,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l155.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"λίην","lemma":"λίαν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to καταλέξομεν","gloss":"very much","note":"λίην intensifies the reply: 'very much (will we tell) that man'."},{"surface":"κείνῳ","lemma":"ἐκεῖνος","morphology":"dative singular masculine adjective","role":"object of καταλέξομεν","gloss":"to that one","note":"Refers back to Nestor, already named by Menelaus a few lines earlier; object of the coming verb καταλέξομεν."},{"surface":"γε","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"διοτρεφές","lemma":"Διοτρεφής","morphology":"vocative singular neuter adjective","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"Zeus-nurtured","note":"διοτρεφής, epithet for kings claiming divine favor/lineage from Zeus."},{"surface":"ὡς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἀγορεύεις","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"ἀγορεύεις","lemma":"ἀγορεύω","morphology":"present active indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"adverbial to καταλέξομεν","gloss":"you say"}]},{"number":156,"label":"156","id":"b15-l156","source":"πάντα τάδʼ ἐλθόντες καταλέξομεν· αἲ γὰρ ἐγὼν ὣς","translation":"we will recount all this to him when we arrive. If only I might, in the same way,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l156.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πάντα","lemma":"πᾶς","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies τάδ᾽","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"τάδ","lemma":"ὅδε","morphology":"accusative plural neuter pronoun","role":"object of καταλέξομεν","gloss":"these things"},{"surface":"ἐλθόντες","lemma":"ἔρχομαι","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative plural masculine","role":"adverbial to καταλέξομεν","gloss":"having come, arriving"},{"surface":"καταλέξομεν","lemma":"καταλέγω","morphology":"future active indicative, 1st plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"we will recount"},{"surface":"αἲ","lemma":"εἰ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"if only","note":"αἴ γάρ introduces an optative wish: 'if only I too...'"},{"surface":"γὰρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"ἐγὼν","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of εἴποιμ᾽","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to νοστήσας","gloss":"so, thus"}]},{"number":157,"label":"157","id":"b15-l157","source":"νοστήσας Ἰθάκηνδε, κιχὼν Ὀδυσῆʼ ἐνὶ οἴκῳ,","translation":"returning to Ithaca, find Odysseus at home","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l157.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"νοστήσας","lemma":"νοστέω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ,","gloss":"having returned"},{"surface":"Ἰθάκηνδε","lemma":"Ἰθάκηνδε","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of νοστήσας","gloss":"to Ithaca","note":"Directional suffix -δε on the place name, 'to/toward Ithaca'."},{"surface":"κιχὼν","lemma":"κιχάνω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ,","gloss":"finding"},{"surface":"Ὀδυσῆ","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of κιχὼν","gloss":"Odysseus"},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"οἴκῳ","lemma":"οἶκος","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐνὶ","gloss":"home"}]},{"number":158,"label":"158","id":"b15-l158","source":"εἴποιμʼ ὡς παρὰ σεῖο τυχὼν φιλότητος ἁπάσης","translation":"and tell him how, having met with every kindness from you,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l158.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εἴποιμ","lemma":"εἶπον","morphology":"aorist active optative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"might tell"},{"surface":"ὡς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"παρὰ","lemma":"παρά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"σεῖο","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"genitive singular pronoun","role":"adverbial to παρὰ","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"τυχὼν","lemma":"τυγχάνω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἔρχομαι","gloss":"having met with","note":"τυχών + genitive: 'having obtained/enjoyed' the kindness described."},{"surface":"φιλότητος","lemma":"φιλότης","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"object of τυχὼν","gloss":"kindness, friendship"},{"surface":"ἁπάσης","lemma":"ἅπας","morphology":"genitive singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies φιλότητος","gloss":"every, all"}]},{"number":159,"label":"159","id":"b15-l159","source":"ἔρχομαι, αὐτὰρ ἄγω κειμήλια πολλὰ καὶ ἐσθλά.","translation":"I come, and bring with me many fine treasures.\"","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l159.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔρχομαι","lemma":"ἔρχομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"object of αὐτὰρ","gloss":"I come"},{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἄγω","lemma":"ἄγω","morphology":"present active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"object of αὐτὰρ","gloss":"I bring"},{"surface":"κειμήλια","lemma":"κειμήλιον","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἄγω","gloss":"treasures"},{"surface":"πολλὰ","lemma":"πολύς","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies καὶ","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐσθλά","lemma":"ἐσθλός","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies καὶ","gloss":"fine, splendid"}]},{"number":160,"label":"160","id":"b15-l160","source":"ὣς ἄρα οἱ εἰπόντι ἐπέπτατο δεξιὸς ὄρνις,","translation":"As he was speaking, a bird flew past on his right,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l160.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to εἰπόντι","gloss":"thus, so"},{"surface":"ἄρα","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then","note":"Epic particle ἄρα marking narrative sequence — 'and so, just then'."},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἐπέπτατο","gloss":"to him"},{"surface":"εἰπόντι","lemma":"εἶπον","morphology":"aorist active participle, dative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"as he spoke"},{"surface":"ἐπέπτατο","lemma":"ἐπιπέτομαι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"flew past"},{"surface":"δεξιὸς","lemma":"δεξιός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"on the right","note":"A right-side bird omen was traditionally auspicious in Homeric divination."},{"surface":"ὄρνις","lemma":"ὄρνις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"bird, omen"}]},{"number":161,"label":"161","id":"b15-l161","source":"αἰετὸς ἀργὴν χῆνα φέρων ὀνύχεσσι πέλωρον,","translation":"an eagle carrying in its talons a great white goose,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l161.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αἰετὸς","lemma":"ἀετός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"eagle"},{"surface":"ἀργὴν","lemma":"ἀργός","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies χῆνα","gloss":"white, gleaming"},{"surface":"χῆνα","lemma":"χήν","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ,","gloss":"goose"},{"surface":"φέρων","lemma":"φέρω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifies αἰετὸς","gloss":"carrying"},{"surface":"ὀνύχεσσι","lemma":"ὄνυξ","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"adverbial to φέρων","gloss":"in its talons"},{"surface":"πέλωρον","lemma":"πέλωρος","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies χῆνα","gloss":"huge, monstrous","note":"πέλωρος 'monstrous/huge' underscores the omen's size and the goose's helplessness."}]},{"number":162,"label":"162","id":"b15-l162","source":"ἥμερον ἐξ αὐλῆς· οἱ δʼ ἰΰζοντες ἕποντο","translation":"a tame one from the yard; and men and women followed","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l162.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἥμερον","lemma":"ἥμερος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"object of ,","gloss":"tame"},{"surface":"ἐξ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"αὐλῆς","lemma":"αὐλή","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies ἐξ","gloss":"yard, courtyard"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἰΰζοντες","lemma":"ἰύζω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative plural masculine","role":"adverbial to ἕποντο","gloss":"shouting, crying out"},{"surface":"ἕποντο","lemma":"ἕπομαι","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"followed"}]},{"number":163,"label":"163","id":"b15-l163","source":"ἀνέρες ἠδὲ γυναῖκες· ὁ δέ σφισιν ἐγγύθεν ἐλθὼν","translation":"shouting after it; but the eagle, coming near them,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l163.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀνέρες","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"ἠδὲ","lemma":"ἠδέ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"γυναῖκες","lemma":"γυνή","morphology":"nominative plural feminine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"women"},{"surface":"ὁ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἤϊξε","gloss":"he (the eagle)"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and, but"},{"surface":"σφισιν","lemma":"σφεῖς","morphology":"dative plural masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἐγγύθεν","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"ἐγγύθεν","lemma":"ἐγγύθεν","morphology":"preposition","role":"adverbial to ἐλθὼν","gloss":"near, close by"},{"surface":"ἐλθὼν","lemma":"ἔρχομαι","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἤϊξε","gloss":"coming"}]},{"number":164,"label":"164","id":"b15-l164","source":"δεξιὸς ἤϊξε πρόσθʼ ἵππων· οἱ δὲ ἰδόντες","translation":"darted off to the right in front of the horses. And seeing it","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l164.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δεξιὸς","lemma":"δεξιός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"to the right","note":"Repeated δεξιός echoes l.160, framing the omen as consistently favorable."},{"surface":"ἤϊξε","lemma":"ἀίσσω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"darted, swooped"},{"surface":"πρόσθ","lemma":"πρόσθεν","morphology":"preposition","role":"adverbial to ἤϊξε","gloss":"in front of"},{"surface":"ἵππων","lemma":"ἵππος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"object of πρόσθ᾽","gloss":"horses"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"modifies ἰδόντες","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἰδόντες","lemma":"εἶδον","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative plural masculine","role":"subject of γήθησαν","gloss":"seeing"}]},{"number":165,"label":"165","id":"b15-l165","source":"γήθησαν, καὶ πᾶσιν ἐνὶ φρεσὶ θυμὸς ἰάνθη.","translation":"they rejoiced, and the heart in every breast was warmed.","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l165.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"γήθησαν","lemma":"γηθέω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"rejoiced"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"πᾶσιν","lemma":"πᾶς","morphology":"dative plural masculine adjective","role":"object of ἰάνθη","gloss":"in everyone's","note":"πᾶσιν picks up the crowd's collective response to the good omen."},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"φρεσὶ","lemma":"φρήν","morphology":"dative plural noun","role":"modifies ἐνὶ","gloss":"hearts, minds"},{"surface":"θυμὸς","lemma":"θυμός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἰάνθη","gloss":"heart, spirit"},{"surface":"ἰάνθη","lemma":"ἰαίνω","morphology":"aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"was warmed, gladdened","note":"ἰαίνω passive, 'was melted/warmed' — vivid physical metaphor for emotional relief."}]},{"number":166,"label":"166","id":"b15-l166","source":"τοῖσι δὲ Νεστορίδης Πεισίστρατος ἤρχετο μύθων·","translation":"Among them Peisistratus, son of Nestor, was first to speak:","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l166.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τοῖσι","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"dative plural masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἤρχετο","gloss":"to them"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Νεστορίδης","lemma":"Νεστορίδης","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies Πεισίστρατος","gloss":"son of Nestor"},{"surface":"Πεισίστρατος","lemma":"Πεισίστρατος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἤρχετο","gloss":"Peisistratus"},{"surface":"ἤρχετο","lemma":"ἄρχω","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"began"},{"surface":"μύθων","lemma":"μῦθος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"object of ἤρχετο","gloss":"of words, speech","note":"Formula ἤρχετο μύθων 'began (his) words' regularly opens a speaker's turn in Homer."}]},{"number":167,"label":"167","id":"b15-l167","source":"φράζεο δή, Μενέλαε διοτρεφές, ὄρχαμε λαῶν,","translation":"\"Consider, Zeus-nurtured Menelaus, leader of the people,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l167.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"φράζεο","lemma":"φράζω","morphology":"present medio-passive imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"consider, judge"},{"surface":"δή","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"Μενέλαε","lemma":"Μενέλαος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"Menelaus"},{"surface":"διοτρεφές","lemma":"διοτρεφής","morphology":"vocative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies Μενέλαε","gloss":"Zeus-nurtured"},{"surface":"ὄρχαμε","lemma":"ὄρχαμος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"leader"},{"surface":"λαῶν","lemma":"λαός","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies ὄρχαμε","gloss":"of the people"}]},{"number":168,"label":"168","id":"b15-l168","source":"ἢ νῶϊν τόδʼ ἔφηνε θεὸς τέρας ἦε σοὶ αὐτῷ.","translation":"whether the god has shown this sign for the two of us, or for you yourself.\"","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l168.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"νῶϊν","title":"First-person dual pronoun","body":"νῶϊν is the dual 'for us two,' set against σοὶ αὐτῷ ('for you yourself'). The dual keeps Telemachus and Peisistratus paired as one unit."}],"words":[{"surface":"ἢ","lemma":"ἤ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"νῶϊν","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative dual masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἦε","gloss":"to us two","note":"Dual pronoun νῶϊν, referring to Telemachus and Peisistratus as a pair."},{"surface":"τόδ","lemma":"ὅδε","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"modifies τέρας","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"ἔφηνε","lemma":"φαίνω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"object of φράζεο","gloss":"showed, revealed"},{"surface":"θεὸς","lemma":"θεός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἔφηνε","gloss":"god"},{"surface":"τέρας","lemma":"τέρας","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ἔφηνε","gloss":"sign, omen"},{"surface":"ἦε","lemma":"ἤ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"σοὶ","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"object of ἦε","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"αὐτῷ","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"dative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"yourself"}]},{"number":169,"label":"169","id":"b15-l169","source":"ὣς φάτο, μερμήριξε δʼ ἀρηΐφιλος Μενέλαος,","translation":"So he spoke, and Menelaus, dear to Ares, pondered","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l169.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to φάτο","gloss":"so, thus"},{"surface":"φάτο","lemma":"φημί","morphology":"aorist indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke","note":"epic middle φάτο 'spoke/said', formula ending speech introductions."},{"surface":"μερμήριξε","lemma":"μερμηρίζω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"pondered"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and, but"},{"surface":"ἀρηΐφιλος","lemma":"ἀρηίφιλος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Μενέλαος","gloss":"dear to Ares","note":"epithet ἀρηίφιλος 'Ares-beloved', formulaic warrior epithet for Menelaus."},{"surface":"Μενέλαος","lemma":"Μενέλαος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of μερμήριξε","gloss":"Menelaus"}]},{"number":170,"label":"170","id":"b15-l170","source":"ὅππως οἱ κατὰ μοῖραν ὑποκρίναιτο νοήσας.","translation":"how he might rightly interpret it after thinking it through.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l170.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὅππως","lemma":"ὅπως","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ὑποκρίναιτο","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"κατὰ","lemma":"κατά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"according to"},{"surface":"μοῖραν","lemma":"μοῖρα","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to κατὰ","gloss":"fate, right measure","note":"κατὰ μοῖραν 'rightly, fittingly' — fixed adverbial phrase, lit. 'according to portion'."},{"surface":"ὑποκρίναιτο","lemma":"ὑποκρίνομαι","morphology":"aorist middle optative, 3rd singular verb","role":"object of ὅππως","gloss":"might answer","note":"aorist middle optative of wish/potential in an indirect question."},{"surface":"νοήσας","lemma":"νοέω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ὑποκρίναιτο","gloss":"having thought"}]},{"number":171,"label":"171","id":"b15-l171","source":"τὸν δʼ Ἑλένη τανύπεπλος ὑποφθαμένη φάτο μῦθον·","translation":"But Helen of the long robe forestalled him and spoke:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l171.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"τανύπεπλος","title":"Long-robed Helen","body":"τανύπεπλος, 'with trailing robe,' is a fixed epithet for noble women in Homer. It marks Helen's stately bearing as she speaks."}],"words":[{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ὑποφθαμένη","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and, but"},{"surface":"Ἑλένη","lemma":"Ἑλένη","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of φάτο","gloss":"Helen"},{"surface":"τανύπεπλος","lemma":"τανύπεπλος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies Ἑλένη","gloss":"long-robed","note":"epithet τανύπεπλος 'with trailing robe', standard formula for Helen."},{"surface":"ὑποφθαμένη","lemma":"ὑποφθάνω","morphology":"aorist middle participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to φάτο","gloss":"forestalling him"},{"surface":"φάτο","lemma":"φημί","morphology":"aorist indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke"},{"surface":"μῦθον","lemma":"μῦθος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of φάτο","gloss":"word, speech"}]},{"number":172,"label":"172","id":"b15-l172","source":"κλῦτέ μευ· αὐτὰρ ἐγὼ μαντεύσομαι, ὡς ἐνὶ\n                     θυμῷ","translation":"\"Listen to me; I will prophesy, as in my heart","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l172.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"κλῦτέ","lemma":"κλύω","morphology":"aorist active imperative, 2nd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"hear!","note":"Imperative of κλύω 'to hear, listen' — a separate epic verb from ἀκούω, not a variant form of it."},{"surface":"μευ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"genitive singular feminine pronoun","role":"object of κλῦτέ","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but, however"},{"surface":"ἐγὼ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject of μαντεύσομαι","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"μαντεύσομαι","lemma":"μαντεύομαι","morphology":"future medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"will prophesy"},{"surface":"ὡς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to βάλλουσι","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"θυμῷ","lemma":"θυμός","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἐνὶ","gloss":"heart, mind"}]},{"number":173,"label":"173","id":"b15-l173","source":"ἀθάνατοι βάλλουσι καὶ ὡς τελέεσθαι ὀΐω.","translation":"the immortals put it, and as I think it will be fulfilled.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l173.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀθάνατοι","lemma":"ἀθάνατος","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"subject of βάλλουσι","gloss":"immortals"},{"surface":"βάλλουσι","lemma":"βάλλω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"put, cast","note":"βάλλουσι 'put/cast (into the heart)' — vivid verb for divine inspiration of a thought."},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὡς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ὀΐω","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"τελέεσθαι","lemma":"τελέω","morphology":"future middle infinitive","role":"object of ὀΐω","gloss":"will be fulfilled"},{"surface":"ὀΐω","lemma":"οἴομαι","morphology":"present active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"I think"}]},{"number":174,"label":"174","id":"b15-l174","source":"ὡς ὅδε χῆνʼ ἥρπαξʼ ἀτιταλλομένην ἐνὶ οἴκῳ","translation":"As this eagle snatched the goose reared in the house,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l174.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὡς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἥρπαξ᾽","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"ὅδε","lemma":"ὅδε","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἥρπαξ᾽","gloss":"this (eagle)"},{"surface":"χῆν","lemma":"χήν","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἥρπαξ᾽","gloss":"goose"},{"surface":"ἥρπαξ","lemma":"ἁρπάζω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"snatched, seized"},{"surface":"ἀτιταλλομένην","lemma":"ἀτιτάλλω","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, accusative singular feminine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"being reared"},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"οἴκῳ","lemma":"οἶκος","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐνὶ","gloss":"house"}]},{"number":175,"label":"175","id":"b15-l175","source":"ἐλθὼν ἐξ ὄρεος, ὅθι οἱ γενεή τε τόκος τε,","translation":"coming from the mountain where its kind and offspring are,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l175.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐλθὼν","lemma":"ἔρχομαι","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἥρπαξ᾽","gloss":"having come"},{"surface":"ἐξ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"from, out of"},{"surface":"ὄρεος","lemma":"ὄρος","morphology":"genitive singular neuter noun","role":"object of ἐξ","gloss":"mountain"},{"surface":"ὅθι","lemma":"ὅθι","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"modifies τε","gloss":"its"},{"surface":"γενεή","lemma":"γενεά","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"birth, kin"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τόκος","lemma":"τόκος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"offspring"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and","note":"τε...τε pairs 'birth' and 'offspring' as a formulaic doublet, both linked by τε."}]},{"number":176,"label":"176","id":"b15-l176","source":"ὣς Ὀδυσεὺς κακὰ πολλὰ παθὼν καὶ πόλλʼ ἐπαληθεὶς","translation":"so Odysseus, after suffering many evils and wandering far,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l176.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"κακὰ πολλὰ παθὼν","title":"The much-suffering hero","body":"'Having suffered many evils' echoes the standard description of Odysseus as the man of endurance. It frames the whole homecoming theme."}],"words":[{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"so, thus"},{"surface":"Ὀδυσεὺς","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"Odysseus"},{"surface":"κακὰ","lemma":"κακός","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of παθὼν","gloss":"evils, troubles"},{"surface":"πολλὰ","lemma":"πολύς","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies κακὰ","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"παθὼν","lemma":"πάσχω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"having suffered"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"πόλλ","lemma":"πολύς","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to ἐπαληθεὶς","gloss":"much, far"},{"surface":"ἐπαληθεὶς","lemma":"ἐπαλάομαι","morphology":"aorist medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"having wandered","note":"ἐπαλάομαι 'wander/roam about', echoing the poem's opening theme of Odysseus's wanderings."}]},{"number":177,"label":"177","id":"b15-l177","source":"οἴκαδε νοστήσει καὶ τίσεται· ἠὲ καὶ ἤδη","translation":"will return home and take his revenge; or even already","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l177.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οἴκαδε","lemma":"οἴκαδε","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of νοστήσει","gloss":"homeward"},{"surface":"νοστήσει","lemma":"νοστέω","morphology":"future active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"will return"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τίσεται","lemma":"τίνω","morphology":"future middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"will take revenge"},{"surface":"ἠὲ","lemma":"ἤ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"ἤδη","lemma":"ἤδη","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial","gloss":"already"}]},{"number":178,"label":"178","id":"b15-l178","source":"οἴκοι, ἀτὰρ μνηστῆρσι κακὸν πάντεσσι φυτεύει.","translation":"he is home, and is sowing evil for all the suitors.\"","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l178.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οἴκοι","lemma":"οἴκοι","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial","gloss":"at home"},{"surface":"ἀτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but, yet"},{"surface":"μνηστῆρσι","lemma":"μνηστήρ","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"object of φυτεύει","gloss":"suitors"},{"surface":"κακὸν","lemma":"κακός","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"object of φυτεύει","gloss":"evil, harm"},{"surface":"πάντεσσι","lemma":"πᾶς","morphology":"dative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies μνηστῆρσι","gloss":"for all"},{"surface":"φυτεύει","lemma":"φυτεύω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"is sowing, plotting","note":"φυτεύει lit. 'plants' — vivid metaphor for Odysseus secretly plotting doom for the suitors."}]},{"number":179,"label":"179","id":"b15-l179","source":"τὴν δʼ αὖ Τηλέμαχος πεπνυμένος ἀντίον ηὔδα·","translation":"Then wise Telemachus answered her in turn:","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l179.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τὴν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular feminine pronoun","role":"object of ηὔδα","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and, but"},{"surface":"αὖ","lemma":"αὖ","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"in turn"},{"surface":"Τηλέμαχος","lemma":"Τηλέμαχος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ηὔδα","gloss":"Telemachus"},{"surface":"πεπνυμένος","lemma":"πέπνυμαι","morphology":"perfect medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifies Τηλέμαχος","gloss":"wise, prudent","note":"epithet πεπνυμένος 'wise/prudent', Telemachus's recurring formulaic epithet."},{"surface":"ἀντίον","lemma":"ἀντίον","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ηὔδα","gloss":"in reply"},{"surface":"ηὔδα","lemma":"αὐδάω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"said"}]},{"number":180,"label":"180","id":"b15-l180","source":"οὕτω νῦν Ζεὺς θείη, ἐρίγδουπος πόσις Ἥρης·","translation":"\"May Zeus now make it so, the loud-thundering husband of Hera;","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l180.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οὕτω","lemma":"οὕτως","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to θείη","gloss":"so, thus"},{"surface":"νῦν","lemma":"νῦν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to θείη","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"Ζεὺς","lemma":"Ζεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"Zeus"},{"surface":"θείη","lemma":"τίθημι","morphology":"aorist active optative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"may bring about","note":"aorist optative θείη expresses a wish, 'may Zeus make it so'."},{"surface":"ἐρίγδουπος","lemma":"ἐρίγδουπος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies πόσις","gloss":"loud-thundering","note":"epithet ἐρίγδουπος for Zeus, emphasizing his thunder."},{"surface":"πόσις","lemma":"πόσις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"husband"},{"surface":"Ἥρης","lemma":"Ἥρα","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies πόσις","gloss":"Hera"}]},{"number":181,"label":"181","id":"b15-l181","source":"τῷ κέν τοι καὶ κεῖθι θεῷ ὣς εὐχετοῴμην.","translation":"then even there I would pray to you as to a god.\"","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l181.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τῷ","lemma":"τῷ","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to εὐχετοῴμην","gloss":"then, in that case"},{"surface":"κέν","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"would (particle)"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"object of εὐχετοῴμην","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"κεῖθι","lemma":"ἐκεῖθι","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to εὐχετοῴμην","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"θεῷ","lemma":"θεός","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object","gloss":"god"},{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial","gloss":"as, like"},{"surface":"εὐχετοῴμην","lemma":"εὐχετάομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive optative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I would pray","note":"optative with κέν = potential 'I would pray', comparing devotion owed to a god."}]},{"number":182,"label":"182","id":"b15-l182","source":"ἦ καὶ ἐφʼ ἵπποιϊν μάστιν βάλεν· οἱ δὲ μάλʼ ὦκα","translation":"He spoke, and laid the whip on the horses; and they very swiftly","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l182.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἦ","lemma":"ἠμί","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"he spoke","note":"ἦ, epic verb 'said/spoke', common line-opener for reported speech."},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐφ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"upon, at"},{"surface":"ἵπποιϊν","lemma":"ἵππος","morphology":"dative dual masculine noun","role":"object of ἐφ᾽","gloss":"the two horses"},{"surface":"μάστιν","lemma":"μάστις","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of βάλεν","gloss":"whip"},{"surface":"βάλεν","lemma":"βάλλω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"laid, struck"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἤϊξαν","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μάλ","lemma":"μάλα","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"ὦκα","lemma":"ὦκα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἤϊξαν","gloss":"swiftly"}]},{"number":183,"label":"183","id":"b15-l183","source":"ἤϊξαν πεδίονδε διὰ πτόλιος μεμαῶτες.","translation":"sped toward the plain, eager, straight through the city.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l183.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἤϊξαν","lemma":"ἀίσσω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"rushed, darted"},{"surface":"πεδίονδε","lemma":"πεδίονδε","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of ἤϊξαν","gloss":"toward the plain"},{"surface":"διὰ","lemma":"διά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"πτόλιος","lemma":"πόλις","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"object of διὰ","gloss":"city"},{"surface":"μεμαῶτες","lemma":"μέμαα","morphology":"perfect active participle, nominative plural masculine","role":"adverbial to ἤϊξαν","gloss":"eager, straining","note":"perfect participle μεμαῶτες 'eager, straining forward', vivid of horses at full pace."}]},{"number":184,"label":"184","id":"b15-l184","source":"οἱ δὲ πανημέριοι σεῖον ζυγὸν ἀμφὶς ἔχοντες.","translation":"All day long they shook the yoke they held between them.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l184.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of σεῖον","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and, but"},{"surface":"πανημέριοι","lemma":"πανημέριος","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"all day long"},{"surface":"σεῖον","lemma":"σείω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"shook"},{"surface":"ζυγὸν","lemma":"ζυγόν","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of σεῖον","gloss":"yoke"},{"surface":"ἀμφὶς","lemma":"ἀμφίς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἔχοντες","gloss":"on both sides"},{"surface":"ἔχοντες","lemma":"ἔχω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative plural masculine","role":"adverbial to σεῖον","gloss":"holding"}]},{"number":185,"label":"185","id":"b15-l185","source":"δύσετό τʼ ἠέλιος σκιόωντό τε πᾶσαι ἀγυιαί·","translation":"The sun set and all the ways grew dark;","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l185.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"δύσετό","title":"Formulaic sunset line","body":"δύσετό is an aorist of δύομαι ('set, sink'). This verse — 'the sun set and all the streets grew dark' — is a recurring formula marking the close of a day's travel."}],"words":[{"surface":"δύσετό","lemma":"δύω","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"set"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἠέλιος","lemma":"ἠέλιος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of δύσετό","gloss":"sun"},{"surface":"σκιόωντό","lemma":"σκιάω","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"grew shadowed, darkened"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"πᾶσαι","lemma":"πᾶς","morphology":"nominative plural feminine adjective","role":"modifies ἀγυιαί","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"ἀγυιαί","lemma":"ἀγυιά","morphology":"nominative plural feminine noun","role":"subject of σκιόωντό","gloss":"streets, roads"}]},{"number":186,"label":"186","id":"b15-l186","source":"ἐς Φηρὰς δʼ ἵκοντο Διοκλῆος ποτὶ δῶμα,","translation":"and they came to Pherae, to the house of Diocles,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l186.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to, into"},{"surface":"Φηρὰς","lemma":"Φηραί","morphology":"accusative plural feminine noun","role":"object of ἐς","gloss":"Pherae"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἵκοντο","lemma":"ἱκνέομαι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"they came"},{"surface":"Διοκλῆος","lemma":"Διοκλῆς","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies ,","gloss":"of Diocles"},{"surface":"ποτὶ","lemma":"πρός","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"δῶμα","lemma":"δῶμα","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ποτὶ","gloss":"house"}]},{"number":187,"label":"187","id":"b15-l187","source":"υἱέος Ὀρτιλόχοιο, τὸν Ἀλφειὸς τέκε παῖδα.","translation":"son of Ortilochus, whom Alpheus begot as his child.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l187.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"υἱέος","lemma":"υἱός","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies ,","gloss":"son"},{"surface":"Ὀρτιλόχοιο","lemma":"Ὀρτίλοχος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies υἱέος","gloss":"of Ortilochus"},{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of τέκε","gloss":"whom"},{"surface":"Ἀλφειὸς","lemma":"Ἀλφειός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of τέκε","gloss":"Alpheus"},{"surface":"τέκε","lemma":"τίκτω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing Ὀρτιλόχοιο","gloss":"begot"},{"surface":"παῖδα","lemma":"παῖς","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"as child, son"}]},{"number":188,"label":"188","id":"b15-l188","source":"ἔνθα δὲ νύκτʼ ἄεσαν ὁ δὲ τοῖς πὰρ ξείνια θῆκεν.","translation":"There they spent the night, and he set out guest-gifts for them.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l188.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔνθα","lemma":"ἔνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἄεσαν","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and, but"},{"surface":"νύκτ","lemma":"νύξ","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἄεσαν","gloss":"night"},{"surface":"ἄεσαν","lemma":"ἄω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"passed, spent","note":"rare verb ἄω 'spend the night/sate oneself with sleep', epic only."},{"surface":"ὁ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of θῆκεν","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and, but"},{"surface":"τοῖς","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"dative plural masculine pronoun","role":"object of πὰρ","gloss":"for them"},{"surface":"πὰρ","lemma":"παρά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"beside, forth"},{"surface":"ξείνια","lemma":"ξένιος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of θῆκεν","gloss":"guest-gifts","note":"ξείνια 'gifts of hospitality', central to Homeric guest-friendship (xenia) custom."},{"surface":"θῆκεν","lemma":"τίθημι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"set out, placed"}]},{"number":189,"label":"189","id":"b15-l189","source":"ἦμος δʼ ἠριγένεια φάνη ῥοδοδάκτυλος Ἠώς,","translation":"When early-born, rosy-fingered Dawn appeared,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l189.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ῥοδοδάκτυλος Ἠώς","title":"Rosy-fingered Dawn","body":"The most famous of Homer's epithets, opening many a new day in the epic. The whole line is a fixed dawn-formula."}],"words":[{"surface":"ἦμος","lemma":"ἠ~μος","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"and, but"},{"surface":"ἠριγένεια","lemma":"ἠριγένεια","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies Ἠώς","gloss":"early-born","note":"epithet ἠριγένεια 'early-born', part of the dawn formula."},{"surface":"φάνη","lemma":"φαίνω","morphology":"aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ἦμος","gloss":"appeared"},{"surface":"ῥοδοδάκτυλος","lemma":"ῥοδοδάκτυλος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies Ἠώς","gloss":"rosy-fingered","note":"famous Homeric epithet ῥοδοδάκτυλος for Dawn, one of the poem's most iconic formulas."},{"surface":"Ἠώς","lemma":"ἠώς","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of φάνη","gloss":"Dawn"}]},{"number":190,"label":"190","id":"b15-l190","source":"ἵππους τε ζεύγνυντʼ ἀνά θʼ ἅρματα ποικίλʼ ἔβαινον,","translation":"they yoked the horses and climbed into the inlaid chariot,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l190.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἵππους","lemma":"ἵππος","morphology":"accusative plural feminine noun","role":"object of ζεύγνυντ᾽","gloss":"horses"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ζεύγνυντ","lemma":"ζεύγνυμι","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"were yoking"},{"surface":"ἀνά","lemma":"ἀνά","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"up, into"},{"surface":"θ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἅρματα","lemma":"ἅρμα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἔβαινον","gloss":"chariot"},{"surface":"ποικίλ","lemma":"ποικίλος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἅρματα","gloss":"inlaid, ornate"},{"surface":"ἔβαινον","lemma":"βαίνω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"were mounting"}]},{"number":191,"label":"191","id":"b15-l191","source":"ἐκ δʼ ἔλασαν προθύροιο καὶ αἰθούσης ἐριδούπου·","translation":"and drove out from the gateway and the echoing portico;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l191.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐκ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἔλασαν","lemma":"ἐλαύνω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"drove"},{"surface":"προθύροιο","lemma":"πρόθυρον","morphology":"genitive singular neuter noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"gateway, porch"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"αἰθούσης","lemma":"αἴθουσα","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"portico, hall"},{"surface":"ἐριδούπου","lemma":"ἐρίδουπος","morphology":"genitive singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies αἰθούσης","gloss":"echoing, resounding","note":"epithet ἐρίδουπος 'loud-echoing', describing the portico's acoustics."}]},{"number":192,"label":"192","id":"b15-l192","source":"μάστιξεν δʼ ἐλάαν, τὼ δʼ οὐκ ἄκοντε πετέσθην.","translation":"he whipped them to run, and the pair flew on, not unwilling.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l192.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"τὼ δʼ οὐκ ἄκοντε πετέσθην","title":"Two horses in the dual","body":"Both τὼ ... ἄκοντε and πετέσθην are dual, fitting the pair of horses 'flying on, not unwilling.' The double negative (οὐκ ἄκοντε) understates their eagerness."}],"words":[{"surface":"μάστιξεν","lemma":"μαστίζω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"whipped"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐλάαν","lemma":"ἐλαύνω","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"adverbial to μάστιξεν","gloss":"to drive"},{"surface":"τὼ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative dual masculine pronoun","role":"subject of πετέσθην","gloss":"the two"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and, but"},{"surface":"οὐκ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ἄκοντε","lemma":"ἀέκων","morphology":"nominative dual masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"unwilling","note":"dual adjective ἄκοντε 'unwilling', litotes stressing the horses' eager willingness."},{"surface":"πετέσθην","lemma":"πέτομαι","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd dual verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"flew, sped"}]},{"number":193,"label":"193","id":"b15-l193","source":"αἶψα δʼ ἔπειθʼ ἵκοντο Πύλου αἰπὺ πτολίεθρον·","translation":"and soon they came to the steep citadel of Pylos.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l193.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αἶψα","lemma":"αἶψα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἵκοντο","gloss":"quickly"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἔπειθ","lemma":"ἔπειτα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἵκοντο","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"ἵκοντο","lemma":"ἱκνέομαι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"they came"},{"surface":"Πύλου","lemma":"Πύλος","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies πτολίεθρον","gloss":"of Pylos"},{"surface":"αἰπὺ","lemma":"αἰπύς","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies πτολίεθρον","gloss":"steep"},{"surface":"πτολίεθρον","lemma":"πτολίεθρον","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ἵκοντο","gloss":"citadel"}]},{"number":194,"label":"194","id":"b15-l194","source":"καὶ τότε Τηλέμαχος προσεφώνεε Νέστορος υἱόν·","translation":"And then Telemachus spoke to the son of Nestor:","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l194.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τότε","lemma":"τότε","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to προσεφώνεε","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"Τηλέμαχος","lemma":"Τηλέμαχος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of προσεφώνεε","gloss":"Telemachus"},{"surface":"προσεφώνεε","lemma":"προσφωνέω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"addressed"},{"surface":"Νέστορος","lemma":"Νέστωρ","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies υἱόν","gloss":"of Nestor"},{"surface":"υἱόν","lemma":"υἱός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of προσεφώνεε","gloss":"son"}]},{"number":195,"label":"195","id":"b15-l195","source":"Νεστορίδη, πῶς κέν μοι ὑποσχόμενος τελέσειας","translation":"\"Son of Nestor, how might you promise and carry out","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l195.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Νεστορίδη","lemma":"νεστορίδης","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"son of Nestor"},{"surface":"πῶς","lemma":"πῶς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to τελέσειας","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"κέν","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"would (particle)"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of τελέσειας","gloss":"for me"},{"surface":"ὑποσχόμενος","lemma":"ὑπισχνέομαι","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to τελέσειας","gloss":"having promised"},{"surface":"τελέσειας","lemma":"τελέω","morphology":"aorist active optative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"might fulfill"}]},{"number":196,"label":"196","id":"b15-l196","source":"μῦθον ἐμόν; ξεῖνοι δὲ διαμπερὲς εὐχόμεθʼ εἶναι","translation":"this request of mine? We declare ourselves guest-friends forever","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l196.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"μῦθον","lemma":"μῦθος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of τελέσειας","gloss":"request, word"},{"surface":"ἐμόν","lemma":"ἐμός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies μῦθον","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"ξεῖνοι","lemma":"ξένος","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"guest-friends","note":"ξεῖνοι 'guest-friends', invoking the Homeric xenia bond that obliges hospitality."},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and, but"},{"surface":"διαμπερὲς","lemma":"διαμπερές","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to εὐχόμεθ᾽","gloss":"continuously, always"},{"surface":"εὐχόμεθ","lemma":"εὔχομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 1st plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"we declare"},{"surface":"εἶναι","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"object of εὐχόμεθ᾽","gloss":"to be"}]},{"number":197,"label":"197","id":"b15-l197","source":"ἐκ πατέρων φιλότητος, ἀτὰρ καὶ ὁμήλικές εἰμεν·","translation":"through our fathers' friendship, and we are of the same age besides;","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l197.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐκ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"πατέρων","lemma":"πατήρ","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies φιλότητος","gloss":"fathers'"},{"surface":"φιλότητος","lemma":"φιλότης","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐκ","gloss":"friendship","note":"Genitive with ἐκ: 'out of/from friendship' — cause expressed as source."},{"surface":"ἀτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"ὁμήλικές","lemma":"ὁμῆλιξ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"age-mates","note":"ὁμῆλιξ 'of the same age' — a compound of ὁμός + ἧλιξ."},{"surface":"εἰμεν","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active indicative, 1st plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"we are","note":"Epic form of ἐσμέν (Attic 'we are'); as an enclitic verb it is normally unaccented here, not a separate 'Aeolic' form."}]},{"number":198,"label":"198","id":"b15-l198","source":"ἥδε δʼ ὁδὸς καὶ μᾶλλον ὁμοφροσύνῃσιν ἐνήσει.","translation":"and this journey will bring us still more into one mind.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l198.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἥδε","lemma":"ὅδε","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"modifies ὁδὸς","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὁδὸς","lemma":"ὁδός","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ἐνήσει","gloss":"journey"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"μᾶλλον","lemma":"μᾶλλον","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐνήσει","gloss":"more"},{"surface":"ὁμοφροσύνῃσιν","lemma":"ὁμοφροσύνη","morphology":"dative plural feminine noun","role":"object of ἐνήσει","gloss":"into like-mindedness","note":"Dative plural ὁμοφροσύνῃσιν, epic -ῃσιν ending; goal of the verb."},{"surface":"ἐνήσει","lemma":"ἐνίημι","morphology":"future active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"will bring"}]},{"number":199,"label":"199","id":"b15-l199","source":"μή με παρὲξ ἄγε νῆα, διοτρεφές, ἀλλὰ λίπʼ αὐτοῦ,","translation":"Do not take me past my ship, Zeus-nurtured one, but leave me there,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l199.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"μή","lemma":"μή","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"don't"},{"surface":"με","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἄγε","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"παρὲξ","lemma":"παρέξ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"past","note":"παρέξ 'past, beside' governs νῆα."},{"surface":"ἄγε","lemma":"ἄγω","morphology":"present active imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"drive"},{"surface":"νῆα","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of παρὲξ","gloss":"ship"},{"surface":"διοτρεφές","lemma":"διοτρεφής","morphology":"vocative singular neuter adjective","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"Zeus-nurtured","note":"Stock epic epithet for kings/nobles, vocative here addressing Peisistratus."},{"surface":"ἀλλὰ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"λίπ","lemma":"λείπω","morphology":"aorist active imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"leave"},{"surface":"αὐτοῦ","lemma":"αὐτοῦ","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of λίπ᾽","gloss":"there","note":"αὐτοῦ here is the adverb 'in that very place,' not the pronoun."}]},{"number":200,"label":"200","id":"b15-l200","source":"μή μʼ ὁ γέρων ἀέκοντα κατάσχῃ ᾧ ἐνὶ οἴκῳ","translation":"lest the old man keep me against my will in his house,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l200.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"μή","lemma":"μή","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"lest"},{"surface":"μ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of κατάσχῃ","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"ὁ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine article","role":"modifies γέρων","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"γέρων","lemma":"γέρων","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of κατάσχῃ","gloss":"old man"},{"surface":"ἀέκοντα","lemma":"ἀέκων","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"unwilling","note":"Predicate accusative agreeing with the implied object 'me': 'keep me, unwilling.'"},{"surface":"κατάσχῃ","lemma":"κατέχω","morphology":"aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to μή","gloss":"hold back","note":"Subjunctive after μή expressing fear/purpose ('lest he keep me')."},{"surface":"ᾧ","lemma":"ἑός","morphology":"dative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies οἴκῳ","gloss":"his own","note":"ᾧ from possessive ἑός/ὅς, 'his own' house."},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"οἴκῳ","lemma":"οἶκος","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἐνὶ","gloss":"house"}]},{"number":201,"label":"201","id":"b15-l201","source":"ἱέμενος φιλέειν· ἐμὲ δὲ χρεὼ θᾶσσον ἱκέσθαι.","translation":"eager to show me kindness; but I must get home faster.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l201.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἱέμενος","lemma":"ἵημι","morphology":"present middle participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to κατάσχῃ","gloss":"eager","note":"Middle participle ἱέμενος 'being eager,' agreeing with γέρων."},{"surface":"φιλέειν","lemma":"φιλέω","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"object of ἱέμενος","gloss":"to show kindness"},{"surface":"ἐμὲ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἱκέσθαι","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"χρεὼ","lemma":"χρεώ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"there is need","note":"Impersonal noun χρεώ 'need' governing the infinitive ἱκέσθαι."},{"surface":"θᾶσσον","lemma":"ταχύς","morphology":"accusative singular neuter comparative adjective","role":"adverbial to ἱκέσθαι","gloss":"faster"},{"surface":"ἱκέσθαι","lemma":"ἱκνέομαι","morphology":"aorist middle infinitive","role":"modifies χρεὼ","gloss":"to arrive"}]},{"number":202,"label":"202","id":"b15-l202","source":"ὣς φάτο, Νεστορίδης δʼ ἄρʼ ἑῷ συμφράσσατο θυμῷ,","translation":"So he spoke, and the son of Nestor took counsel in his heart","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l202.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to φάτο","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"φάτο","lemma":"φημί","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke"},{"surface":"Νεστορίδης","lemma":"Νεστορίδης","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of συμφράσσατο","gloss":"son of Nestor","note":"Patronymic in -ίδης, epic naming pattern."},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἄρ","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"ἑῷ","lemma":"ἑός","morphology":"dative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies θυμῷ","gloss":"his own"},{"surface":"συμφράσσατο","lemma":"συμφράζομαι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"pondered"},{"surface":"θυμῷ","lemma":"θυμός","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to συμφράσσατο","gloss":"in heart"}]},{"number":203,"label":"203","id":"b15-l203","source":"ὅππως οἱ κατὰ μοῖραν ὑποσχόμενος τελέσειεν.","translation":"how he might rightly promise and carry it out.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l203.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὅππως","lemma":"ὅπως","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of τελέσειεν","gloss":"to him"},{"surface":"κατὰ","lemma":"κατά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"according to"},{"surface":"μοῖραν","lemma":"μοῖρα","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to κατὰ","gloss":"what is fitting","note":"μοῖραν here means 'due measure/propriety,' not 'fate' — κατὰ μοῖραν = 'properly.'"},{"surface":"ὑποσχόμενος","lemma":"ὑπισχνέομαι","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to τελέσειεν","gloss":"promising"},{"surface":"τελέσειεν","lemma":"τελέω","morphology":"aorist active optative, 3rd singular verb","role":"object of ὅππως","gloss":"might carry out"}]},{"number":204,"label":"204","id":"b15-l204","source":"ὧδε δέ οἱ φρονέοντι δοάσσατο κέρδιον εἶναι·","translation":"And as he pondered, this seemed to him the better course:","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l204.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὧδε","lemma":"ὧδε","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to δοάσσατο","gloss":"thus"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of δοάσσατο","gloss":"to him"},{"surface":"φρονέοντι","lemma":"φρονέω","morphology":"present active participle, dative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"pondering"},{"surface":"δοάσσατο","lemma":"δοάσσατο","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"seemed","note":"δοάσσατο, rare epic aorist 'it seemed' — governs κέρδιον εἶναι."},{"surface":"κέρδιον","lemma":"κερδίων","morphology":"nominative singular neuter comparative adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"better"},{"surface":"εἶναι","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"object of δοάσσατο","gloss":"to be"}]},{"number":205,"label":"205","id":"b15-l205","source":"στρέψʼ ἵππους ἐπὶ νῆα θοὴν καὶ θῖνα θαλάσσης,","translation":"he turned the horses toward the swift ship and the shore of the sea,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l205.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"στρέψ","lemma":"στρέφω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"turned"},{"surface":"ἵππους","lemma":"ἵππος","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"object of στρέψ᾽","gloss":"horses"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"νῆα","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐπὶ","gloss":"ship"},{"surface":"θοὴν","lemma":"θοός","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies νῆα","gloss":"swift"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"θῖνα","lemma":"θίς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"shore"},{"surface":"θαλάσσης","lemma":"θάλασσα","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies θῖνα","gloss":"of the sea"}]},{"number":206,"label":"206","id":"b15-l206","source":"νηῒ δʼ ἐνὶ πρύμνῃ ἐξαίνυτο κάλλιμα δῶρα,","translation":"and at the ship's stern unloaded the beautiful gifts,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l206.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"νηῒ","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐνὶ","gloss":"ship","note":"Dative νηῒ with ἐνί = 'on/at the ship.'"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"πρύμνῃ","lemma":"πρύμνα","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"modifies νηῒ","gloss":"stern"},{"surface":"ἐξαίνυτο","lemma":"ἐξαίνυμαι","morphology":"imperfect middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"was taking out","note":"Imperfect middle, ongoing action of unloading."},{"surface":"κάλλιμα","lemma":"κάλλιμος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies δῶρα","gloss":"beautiful"},{"surface":"δῶρα","lemma":"δῶρον","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ,","gloss":"gifts"}]},{"number":207,"label":"207","id":"b15-l207","source":"ἐσθῆτα χρυσόν τε, τά οἱ Μενέλαος ἔδωκε·","translation":"the clothing and the gold that Menelaus had given him;","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l207.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐσθῆτα","lemma":"ἐσθής","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of τε","gloss":"clothing"},{"surface":"χρυσόν","lemma":"χρυσός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of τε","gloss":"gold"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τά","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative plural neuter pronoun","role":"object of ἔδωκε","gloss":"which","note":"Relative pronoun τά, epic form of ἅ, picking up δῶρα."},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἔδωκε","gloss":"to him"},{"surface":"Μενέλαος","lemma":"Μενέλαος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἔδωκε","gloss":"Menelaus"},{"surface":"ἔδωκε","lemma":"δίδωμι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ,","gloss":"had given"}]},{"number":208,"label":"208","id":"b15-l208","source":"καί μιν ἐποτρύνων ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα·","translation":"and urging him on he spoke winged words:","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l208.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ἔπεα πτερόεντα","title":"Winged words","body":"'Winged words' is among the most common Homeric formulas for speech, picturing words flying from speaker to hearer."}],"words":[{"surface":"καί","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μιν","lemma":"μιν","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἐποτρύνων","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"ἐποτρύνων","lemma":"ἐποτρύνω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to προσηύδα","gloss":"urging on"},{"surface":"ἔπεα","lemma":"ἔπος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of προσηύδα","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"πτερόεντα","lemma":"πτερόεις","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἔπεα","gloss":"winged","note":"ἔπεα πτερόεντα, the classic Homeric formula 'winged words.'"},{"surface":"προσηύδα","lemma":"προσαυδάω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"addressed"}]},{"number":209,"label":"209","id":"b15-l209","source":"σπουδῇ νῦν ἀνάβαινε κέλευέ τε πάντας\n                     ἑταίρους,","translation":"\"Now climb aboard in haste and order all your companions,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l209.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"σπουδῇ","lemma":"σπουδή","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἀνάβαινε","gloss":"in haste"},{"surface":"νῦν","lemma":"νῦν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἀνάβαινε","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"ἀνάβαινε","lemma":"ἀναβαίνω","morphology":"present active imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"climb aboard"},{"surface":"κέλευέ","lemma":"κελεύω","morphology":"present active imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"order"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"πάντας","lemma":"πᾶς","morphology":"accusative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἑταίρους","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"ἑταίρους","lemma":"ἑταῖρος","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"object of κέλευέ","gloss":"companions"}]},{"number":210,"label":"210","id":"b15-l210","source":"πρὶν ἐμὲ οἴκαδʼ ἱκέσθαι ἀπαγγεῖλαί τε γέροντι.","translation":"before I reach home and report to the old man.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l210.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πρὶν","lemma":"πρίν","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"ἐμὲ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of τε","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"οἴκαδ","lemma":"οἴκαδε","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of ἱκέσθαι","gloss":"homeward"},{"surface":"ἱκέσθαι","lemma":"ἱκνέομαι","morphology":"aorist middle infinitive","role":"adverbial to τε","gloss":"arrive"},{"surface":"ἀπαγγεῖλαί","lemma":"ἀπαγγέλλω","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"adverbial to τε","gloss":"report"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"γέροντι","lemma":"γέρων","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἀπαγγεῖλαί","gloss":"to old man"}]},{"number":211,"label":"211","id":"b15-l211","source":"εὖ γὰρ ἐγὼ τόδε οἶδα κατὰ φρένα καὶ κατὰ θυμόν·","translation":"For I know this well in my mind and in my heart:","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l211.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εὖ","lemma":"εὖ","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to οἶδα","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"γὰρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"ἐγὼ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of οἶδα","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"τόδε","lemma":"ὅδε","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"object of οἶδα","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"οἶδα","lemma":"οἶδα","morphology":"perfect active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"know","note":"Perfect οἶδα with present meaning 'I know,' classic Greek stative perfect."},{"surface":"κατὰ","lemma":"κατά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"φρένα","lemma":"φρήν","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to κατὰ","gloss":"mind"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"κατὰ","lemma":"κατά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"θυμόν","lemma":"θυμός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to κατὰ","gloss":"heart","note":"φρένα ... θυμόν, paired terms for 'mind and heart,' a common epic doublet."}]},{"number":212,"label":"212","id":"b15-l212","source":"οἷος κείνου θυμὸς ὑπέρβιος, οὔ σε μεθήσει,","translation":"such is his overbearing spirit, he will not let you go,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l212.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οἷος","lemma":"οἷος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"such","note":"οἷος introduces an exclamatory comparison: 'such (is) ... '"},{"surface":"κείνου","lemma":"ἐκεῖνος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies θυμὸς","gloss":"that man's"},{"surface":"θυμὸς","lemma":"θυμός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"spirit"},{"surface":"ὑπέρβιος","lemma":"ὑπέρβιος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"overbearing"},{"surface":"οὔ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"σε","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"accusative singular pronoun","role":"object of μεθήσει","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"μεθήσει","lemma":"μεθίημι","morphology":"future active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"will let go"}]},{"number":213,"label":"213","id":"b15-l213","source":"ἀλλʼ αὐτὸς καλέων δεῦρʼ εἴσεται, οὐδέ ἕ φημι","translation":"but will come here himself to summon you, and I tell you he will not","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l213.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"αὐτὸς","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"himself","note":"Emphatic αὐτός, 'he himself,' stressing Menelaus will come in person."},{"surface":"καλέων","lemma":"καλέω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to εἴσεται","gloss":"calling","note":"i.e. to summon/fetch you"},{"surface":"δεῦρ","lemma":"δεῦρο","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of εἴσεται","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"εἴσεται","lemma":"εἶμι","morphology":"future middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"will come"},{"surface":"ἕ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἰέναι","gloss":"he","note":"ἕ, accusative subject of the (elided) infinitive ἰέναι in indirect statement."},{"surface":"φημι","lemma":"φημί","morphology":"present active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I say"}]},{"number":214,"label":"214","id":"b15-l214","source":"ἂψ ἰέναι κενεόν· μάλα γὰρ κεχολώσεται ἔμπης.","translation":"go back empty-handed; for he will be very angry indeed.\"","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l214.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἂψ","lemma":"ἄψ","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἰέναι","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"ἰέναι","lemma":"εἶμι","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"object of φημι","gloss":"to go"},{"surface":"κενεόν","lemma":"κενός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"empty-handed"},{"surface":"μάλα","lemma":"μάλα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to κεχολώσεται","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"γὰρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"κεχολώσεται","lemma":"χολόω","morphology":"future perfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"will be angered","note":"Future perfect κεχολώσεται with future sense, emphatic 'will indeed be angry.'"},{"surface":"ἔμπης","lemma":"ἔμπας","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to κεχολώσεται","gloss":"all the same"}]},{"number":215,"label":"215","id":"b15-l215","source":"ὣς ἄρα φωνήσας ἔλασεν καλλίτριχας ἵππους","translation":"So speaking he drove the fair-maned horses","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l215.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to φωνήσας","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"ἄρα","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"φωνήσας","lemma":"φωνέω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἔλασεν","gloss":"speaking"},{"surface":"ἔλασεν","lemma":"ἐλαύνω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"drove"},{"surface":"καλλίτριχας","lemma":"καλλίθριξ","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"modifies ἵππους","gloss":"fair-maned","note":"καλλίθριξ, a decorative epithet for horses, in apposition to ἵππους."},{"surface":"ἵππους","lemma":"ἵππος","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"object of ἔλασεν","gloss":"horses"}]},{"number":216,"label":"216","id":"b15-l216","source":"ἂψ Πυλίων εἰς ἄστυ, θοῶς δʼ ἄρα δώμαθʼ ἵκανε.","translation":"back to the city of the Pylians, and quickly reached his house.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l216.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἂψ","lemma":"ἄψ","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἔλασεν","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"Πυλίων","lemma":"Πύλιος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἄστυ","gloss":"of Pylians"},{"surface":"εἰς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ἄστυ","lemma":"ἄστυ","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of εἰς","gloss":"city"},{"surface":"θοῶς","lemma":"θοός","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἵκανε","gloss":"quickly"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἄρα","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"δώμαθ","lemma":"δῶμα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἵκανε","gloss":"home","note":"Neuter plural δώμαθ' (δώματα) used for a single house, common epic plural-for-singular."},{"surface":"ἵκανε","lemma":"ἱκάνω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"reached"}]},{"number":217,"label":"217","id":"b15-l217","source":"Τηλέμαχος δʼ ἑτάροισιν ἐποτρύνων ἐκέλευσεν·","translation":"And Telemachus, urging on his companions, gave the order:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l217.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Τηλέμαχος","lemma":"Τηλέμαχος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἐκέλευσεν","gloss":"Telemachus"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἑτάροισιν","lemma":"ἑταῖρος","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"object of ἐκέλευσεν","gloss":"companions"},{"surface":"ἐποτρύνων","lemma":"ἐποτρύνω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἐκέλευσεν","gloss":"urging on"},{"surface":"ἐκέλευσεν","lemma":"κελεύω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"gave orders"}]},{"number":218,"label":"218","id":"b15-l218","source":"ἐγκοσμεῖτε τὰ τεύχεʼ, ἑταῖροι, νηῒ μελαίνῃ,","translation":"\"Set the gear in order, comrades, in the black ship,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l218.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"νηῒ μελαίνῃ","title":"The black ship","body":"'Black ship' is a standing epithet, the hulls darkened with pitch. It is one of Homer's most frequent ship-formulas."}],"words":[{"surface":"ἐγκοσμεῖτε","lemma":"ἐγκοσμέω","morphology":"present active imperative, 2nd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"stow in order"},{"surface":"τὰ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"article","role":"modifies τεύχε᾽","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"τεύχε","lemma":"τεῦχος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἐγκοσμεῖτε","gloss":"gear"},{"surface":"ἑταῖροι","lemma":"ἑταῖρος","morphology":"vocative plural masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"comrades"},{"surface":"νηῒ","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐγκοσμεῖτε","gloss":"ship"},{"surface":"μελαίνῃ","lemma":"μέλας","morphology":"dative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies νηῒ","gloss":"black","note":"νηῒ μελαίνῃ, the standard Homeric formula 'black ship.'"}]},{"number":219,"label":"219","id":"b15-l219","source":"αὐτοί τʼ ἀμβαίνωμεν, ἵνα πρήσσωμεν ὁδοῖο.","translation":"and let us climb aboard ourselves, so we may get on with the journey.\"","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l219.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτοί","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"we ourselves"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἀμβαίνωμεν","lemma":"ἀναβαίνω","morphology":"present active subjunctive, 1st plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"let us climb aboard"},{"surface":"ἵνα","lemma":"ἵνα","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"πρήσσωμεν","lemma":"πράσσω","morphology":"present active subjunctive, 1st plural verb","role":"adverbial to ἵνα","gloss":"we may press on"},{"surface":"ὁδοῖο","lemma":"ὁδός","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"object of πρήσσωμεν","gloss":"with the journey","note":"Genitive ὁδοῖο after πρήσσωμεν, 'accomplish (the course) of the journey.'"}]},{"number":220,"label":"220","id":"b15-l220","source":"ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἱ δʼ ἄρα τοῦ μάλα μὲν κλύον ἠδʼ\n                  ἐπίθοντο,","translation":"So he spoke, and they listened well to him and obeyed,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l220.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἔφαθ᾽","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"ἔφαθ","lemma":"φημί","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of κλύον","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἄρα","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"τοῦ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"genitive singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of κλύον","gloss":"to him","note":"τοῦ, genitive of the person heard/obeyed, with κλύον."},{"surface":"μάλα","lemma":"μάλα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to κλύον","gloss":"greatly"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"κλύον","lemma":"κλύω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"listened"},{"surface":"ἠδ","lemma":"ἠδέ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐπίθοντο","lemma":"πείθω","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"obeyed"}]},{"number":221,"label":"221","id":"b15-l221","source":"αἶψα δʼ ἄρʼ εἴσβαινον καὶ ἐπὶ κληῗσι καθῖζον.","translation":"At once they went on board and took their places at the oar-pins.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l221.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αἶψα","lemma":"αἶψα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to εἴσβαινον","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἄρ","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"εἴσβαινον","lemma":"εἰσβαίνω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"boarded"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"κληῗσι","lemma":"κλείς","morphology":"dative plural feminine noun","role":"object of ἐπὶ","gloss":"oar-pins"},{"surface":"καθῖζον","lemma":"καθίζω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"took seats"}]},{"number":222,"label":"222","id":"b15-l222","source":"ἦ τοι ὁ μὲν τὰ πονεῖτο καὶ εὔχετο, θῦε δʼ Ἀθήνῃ","translation":"While he was busy with this and praying, sacrificing to Athena","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l222.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἦ","lemma":"ἦ","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"truly"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"τοι","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ὁ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of δ᾽","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"on the one hand"},{"surface":"τὰ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative plural neuter pronoun","role":"object of πονεῖτο","gloss":"these things"},{"surface":"πονεῖτο","lemma":"πονέω","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"was busy with"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"εὔχετο","lemma":"εὔχομαι","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"was praying"},{"surface":"θῦε","lemma":"θύω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"was sacrificing","note":"θῦε governs the dative Ἀθήνῃ, 'was sacrificing to Athena.'"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Ἀθήνῃ","lemma":"Ἀθήνη","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"object of θῦε","gloss":"to Athena"}]},{"number":223,"label":"223","id":"b15-l223","source":"νηῒ πάρα πρυμνῇ· σχεδόθεν δέ οἱ ἤλυθεν ἀνὴρ","translation":"beside the ship's stern, a man came up close to him,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l223.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"νηῒ","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to πάρα","gloss":"ship"},{"surface":"πάρα","lemma":"παρά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"beside"},{"surface":"πρυμνῇ","lemma":"πρυμνός","morphology":"dative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies νηῒ","gloss":"stern"},{"surface":"σχεδόθεν","lemma":"σχεδόθεν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"from nearby","note":"σχεδόθεν, adverb of place used almost as a preposition governing οἱ (dative)."},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of σχεδόθεν","gloss":"to him"},{"surface":"ἤλυθεν","lemma":"ἔρχομαι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"came","note":"ἤλυθεν, epic aorist of ἔρχομαι."},{"surface":"ἀνὴρ","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"man"}]},{"number":224,"label":"224","id":"b15-l224","source":"τηλεδαπός, φεύγων ἐξ Ἄργεος ἄνδρα κατακτάς,","translation":"a stranger from far off, fleeing Argos after killing a man,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l224.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"κατακτάς","title":"Aorist participle","body":"κατακτάς is the aorist participle of κατακτείνω, 'having killed.' The aorist participle marks an action completed before the main verb (his fleeing)."}],"words":[{"surface":"τηλεδαπός","lemma":"τηλεδαπός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἀνὴρ","gloss":"from far off","note":"τηλεδαπός, epic adjective marking the stranger as foreign — sets up the suppliant scene."},{"surface":"φεύγων","lemma":"φεύγω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἤλυθεν","gloss":"fleeing"},{"surface":"ἐξ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"Ἄργεος","lemma":"Ἄργος","morphology":"genitive singular neuter noun","role":"object of ἐξ","gloss":"Argos"},{"surface":"ἄνδρα","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of κατακτάς","gloss":"a man"},{"surface":"κατακτάς","lemma":"κατακτείνω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to φεύγων","gloss":"having killed"}]},{"number":225,"label":"225","id":"b15-l225","source":"μάντις· ἀτὰρ γενεήν γε Μελάμποδος ἔκγονος ἦεν,","translation":"a seer; by birth he was a descendant of Melampus,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l225.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"μάντις","lemma":"μάντις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"a seer","note":"Predicate noun with no copula stated yet — Homer often lets εἰμί stand at line's end."},{"surface":"ἀτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"γενεήν","lemma":"γενεά","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἦεν","gloss":"by birth","note":"Accusative of respect: γενεήν specifies IN WHAT WAY he was a descendant, not a direct object."},{"surface":"γε","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"Μελάμποδος","lemma":"Μελάμπους","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἔκγονος","gloss":"of Melampus"},{"surface":"ἔκγονος","lemma":"ἔκγονος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"descendant"},{"surface":"ἦεν","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"was","note":"ἦεν is the epic/Ionic imperfect of εἰμί (=ἦν), common line-final form."}]},{"number":226,"label":"226","id":"b15-l226","source":"ὃς πρὶν μέν ποτʼ ἔναιε Πύλῳ ἔνι, μητέρι μήλων,","translation":"who once long ago lived in Pylos, the mother of flocks,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l226.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὃς","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἔναιε","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"πρὶν","lemma":"πρίν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἔναιε","gloss":"formerly"},{"surface":"μέν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ποτ","lemma":"ποτέ","morphology":"particle","role":"adverbial to ἔναιε","gloss":"once"},{"surface":"ἔναιε","lemma":"ναίω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing Μελάμποδος","gloss":"lived","note":"ναίω 'dwell' — a stock verb for settled habitation, frequent in genealogical catalogues."},{"surface":"Πύλῳ","lemma":"Πύλος","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ,","gloss":"in Pylos"},{"surface":"ἔνι","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in","note":"Postpositive ἔνι (=ἐν) placed after its noun Πύλῳ, a common Homeric word-order trick called anastrophe."},{"surface":"μητέρι","lemma":"μήτηρ","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ,","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"μήλων","lemma":"μῆλον","morphology":"genitive plural neuter noun","role":"modifies μητέρι","gloss":"of flocks","note":"'μητέρι μήλων' is a fixed epithet-phrase for Pylos, praising its rich pastureland."}]},{"number":227,"label":"227","id":"b15-l227","source":"ἀφνειὸς Πυλίοισι μέγʼ ἔξοχα δώματα ναίων·","translation":"rich among the Pylians, dwelling in a house of great splendor;","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l227.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀφνειὸς","lemma":"ἀφνειός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"rich"},{"surface":"Πυλίοισι","lemma":"Πύλιος","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ναίων","gloss":"among the Pylians"},{"surface":"μέγ","lemma":"μέγας","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies δώματα","gloss":"greatly"},{"surface":"ἔξοχα","lemma":"ἔξοχος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies δώματα","gloss":"exceedingly"},{"surface":"δώματα","lemma":"δῶμα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ναίων","gloss":"halls"},{"surface":"ναίων","lemma":"ναίω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἔναιε","gloss":"dwelling","note":"Participle ναίων agrees with the subject of the earlier verb, describing Melampus' lifestyle."}]},{"number":228,"label":"228","id":"b15-l228","source":"δὴ τότε γʼ ἄλλων δῆμον ἀφίκετο, πατρίδα φεύγων","translation":"but then he came to the land of another people, fleeing his homeland","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l228.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δὴ","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"τότε","lemma":"τότε","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἀφίκετο","gloss":"at that time"},{"surface":"γ","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ἄλλων","lemma":"ἄλλος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies δῆμον","gloss":"of others"},{"surface":"δῆμον","lemma":"δῆμος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἀφίκετο","gloss":"people/land"},{"surface":"ἀφίκετο","lemma":"ἀφικνέομαι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"came","note":"Aorist middle ἀφίκετο marks a single completed journey, distinct from the surrounding imperfects of settled life."},{"surface":"πατρίδα","lemma":"πατρίς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of τε","gloss":"homeland"},{"surface":"φεύγων","lemma":"φεύγω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἀφίκετο","gloss":"fleeing"}]},{"number":229,"label":"229","id":"b15-l229","source":"Νηλέα τε μεγάθυμον, ἀγαυότατον ζωόντων,","translation":"and great-hearted Neleus, most lordly of living men,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l229.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Νηλέα","lemma":"Νηλεύς","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of τε","gloss":"Neleus"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μεγάθυμον","lemma":"μεγάθυμος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ,","gloss":"great-hearted","note":"μεγάθυμος, a standard heroic epithet built from μέγας + θυμός ('great spirit')."},{"surface":"ἀγαυότατον","lemma":"ἀγαυός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine superlative adjective","role":"modifies ,","gloss":"most lordly"},{"surface":"ζωόντων","lemma":"ζώω","morphology":"present active participle, genitive plural masculine","role":"modifies ἀγαυότατον","gloss":"of the living","note":"Genitive plural participle used as a substantive: 'of those living' i.e. living men."}]},{"number":230,"label":"230","id":"b15-l230","source":"ὅς οἱ χρήματα πολλὰ τελεσφόρον εἰς ἐνιαυτὸν","translation":"who by force kept his many possessions for a full year's","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l230.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὅς","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of εἶχε","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of εἶχε","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"χρήματα","lemma":"χρῆμα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of εἶχε","gloss":"possessions"},{"surface":"πολλὰ","lemma":"πολύς","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies χρήματα","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"τελεσφόρον","lemma":"τελεσφόρος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἐνιαυτὸν","gloss":"full"},{"surface":"εἰς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"ἐνιαυτὸν","lemma":"ἐνιαυτός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to εἰς","gloss":"a year"}]},{"number":231,"label":"231","id":"b15-l231","source":"εἶχε βίῃ. ὁ δὲ τῆος ἐνὶ μεγάροις Φυλάκοιο","translation":"turning. Meanwhile, in the halls of Phylacus,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l231.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εἶχε","lemma":"ἔχω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing Νηλέα","gloss":"held/kept","note":"εἶχε governs the sentence begun in the prior line — the object χρήματα crosses the line break (enjambment)."},{"surface":"βίῃ","lemma":"βία","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to εἶχε","gloss":"by force"},{"surface":"ὁ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of δέδετο","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and/but"},{"surface":"τῆος","lemma":"τέως","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to δέδετο","gloss":"meanwhile"},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"μεγάροις","lemma":"μέγαρον","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ἐνὶ","gloss":"halls"},{"surface":"Φυλάκοιο","lemma":"Φύλακος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies μεγάροις","gloss":"of Phylacus"}]},{"number":232,"label":"232","id":"b15-l232","source":"δεσμῷ ἐν ἀργαλέῳ δέδετο, κρατέρʼ ἄλγεα πάσχων","translation":"he lay bound in painful chains, suffering grievous anguish","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l232.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"δέδετο","title":"Pluperfect passive","body":"δέδετο is the pluperfect passive of δέω, 'he had been/lay bound.' The reduplication (δε-) marks the perfect system; the passive shows the action done to him."}],"words":[{"surface":"δεσμῷ","lemma":"δεσμός","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἐν","gloss":"chains"},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"ἀργαλέῳ","lemma":"ἀργαλέος","morphology":"dative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies δεσμῷ","gloss":"painful"},{"surface":"δέδετο","lemma":"δέω","morphology":"pluperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"lay bound","note":"Pluperfect δέδετο ('had been bound') gives a stative sense — he was in a state of being bound, not just once bound."},{"surface":"κρατέρ","lemma":"κρατερός","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἄλγεα","gloss":"grievous"},{"surface":"ἄλγεα","lemma":"ἄλγος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of πάσχων","gloss":"anguish"},{"surface":"πάσχων","lemma":"πάσχω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to δέδετο","gloss":"suffering"}]},{"number":233,"label":"233","id":"b15-l233","source":"εἵνεκα Νηλῆος κούρης ἄτης τε βαρείης,","translation":"on account of the daughter of Neleus and the heavy ruin","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l233.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εἵνεκα","lemma":"ἕνεκα","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"on account of"},{"surface":"Νηλῆος","lemma":"Νηλεύς","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies κούρης","gloss":"of Neleus"},{"surface":"κούρης","lemma":"κόρη","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to τε","gloss":"daughter"},{"surface":"ἄτης","lemma":"ἄτη","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to τε","gloss":"ruin"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"βαρείης","lemma":"βαρύς","morphology":"genitive singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies ἄτης","gloss":"heavy"}]},{"number":234,"label":"234","id":"b15-l234","source":"τήν οἱ ἐπὶ φρεσὶ θῆκε θεὰ δασπλῆτις Ἐρινύς.","translation":"that the dread goddess Erinys had laid upon his mind.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l234.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τήν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular feminine pronoun","role":"object of θῆκε","gloss":"that"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"modifies φρεσὶ","gloss":"upon him","note":"Possessive dative: οἱ goes with φρεσὶ ('his mind'), a common Homeric construction pairing a dative pronoun with a body/mind noun rather than a genitive."},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"φρεσὶ","lemma":"φρήν","morphology":"dative plural noun","role":"object of ἐπὶ","gloss":"mind"},{"surface":"θῆκε","lemma":"τίθημι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ἄτης","gloss":"laid/placed"},{"surface":"θεὰ","lemma":"θεά","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"goddess"},{"surface":"δασπλῆτις","lemma":"δασυπλῆτις","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies θεὰ","gloss":"dread","note":"δασπλῆτις 'dread, terrible' is a fixed epithet almost exclusively attached to the Erinys."},{"surface":"Ἐρινύς","lemma":"Ἐρινύς","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"Erinys"}]},{"number":235,"label":"235","id":"b15-l235","source":"ἀλλʼ ὁ μὲν ἔκφυγε κῆρα καὶ ἤλασε βοῦς ἐριμύκους","translation":"Yet he escaped death and drove the loud-bellowing cattle","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l235.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ὁ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of δὲ","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ἔκφυγε","lemma":"ἐκφεύγω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"escaped"},{"surface":"κῆρα","lemma":"κήρ","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἔκφυγε","gloss":"death","note":"κήρ is personified Death/Doom, distinct from θάνατος — a fated death-spirit."},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἤλασε","lemma":"ἐλαύνω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"drove"},{"surface":"βοῦς","lemma":"βοῦς","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"object of ἤλασε","gloss":"cattle"},{"surface":"ἐριμύκους","lemma":"ἐρίμυκος","morphology":"accusative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies βοῦς","gloss":"loud-bellowing","note":"ἐρίμυκος, a compound epithet (ἐρι- intensive + μυκάομαι 'bellow') typical of Homeric cattle descriptions."}]},{"number":236,"label":"236","id":"b15-l236","source":"ἐς Πύλον ἐκ Φυλάκης καὶ ἐτίσατο ἔργον ἀεικὲς","translation":"to Pylos from Phylace, and avenged the shameful deed","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l236.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"Πύλον","lemma":"Πύλος","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐς","gloss":"Pylos"},{"surface":"ἐκ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"Φυλάκης","lemma":"Φυλάκη","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐκ","gloss":"Phylace"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐτίσατο","lemma":"τίνω","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"avenged","note":"Middle voice ἐτίσατο stresses he exacted the penalty for himself/his own benefit."},{"surface":"ἔργον","lemma":"ἔργον","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ἐτίσατο","gloss":"deed"},{"surface":"ἀεικὲς","lemma":"ἀεικής","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἔργον","gloss":"shameful"}]},{"number":237,"label":"237","id":"b15-l237","source":"ἀντίθεον Νηλῆα, κασιγνήτῳ δὲ γυναῖκα","translation":"on godlike Neleus, and led the woman as a wife","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l237.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀντίθεον","lemma":"ἀντίθεος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Νηλῆα","gloss":"godlike"},{"surface":"Νηλῆα","lemma":"Νηλεύς","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἐτίσατο","gloss":"Neleus"},{"surface":"κασιγνήτῳ","lemma":"κασίγνητος","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἠγάγετο","gloss":"to his brother"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"γυναῖκα","lemma":"γυνή","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἠγάγετο","gloss":"woman/wife"}]},{"number":238,"label":"238","id":"b15-l238","source":"ἠγάγετο πρὸς δώμαθʼ. ὁ δʼ ἄλλων ἵκετο δῆμον,","translation":"to his brother's house. He himself went to another people,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l238.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἠγάγετο","lemma":"ἄγω","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"led (as wife)","note":"ἠγάγετο, middle of ἄγω, is the idiomatic verb 'to marry/take a wife home'."},{"surface":"πρὸς","lemma":"πρός","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"δώμαθ","lemma":"δῶμα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of πρὸς","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"ὁ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἵκετο","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and/but"},{"surface":"ἄλλων","lemma":"ἄλλος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies δῆμον","gloss":"of others"},{"surface":"ἵκετο","lemma":"ἱκνέομαι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"δῆμον","lemma":"δῆμος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ,","gloss":"people/land"}]},{"number":239,"label":"239","id":"b15-l239","source":"Ἄργος ἐς ἱππόβοτον· τόθι γάρ νύ οἱ αἴσιμον ἦεν","translation":"to horse-pasturing Argos; for there it was his destiny","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l239.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ἄργος","lemma":"Ἄργος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ἐς","gloss":"Argos"},{"surface":"ἐς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ἱππόβοτον","lemma":"ἱππόβοτος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies Ἄργος","gloss":"horse-pasturing","note":"ἱππόβοτος, a formulaic epithet of Argos praising its plains as good horse country."},{"surface":"τόθι","lemma":"τόθι","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ναιέμεναι","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"γάρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"νύ","lemma":"νῦν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἦεν","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἦεν","gloss":"for him"},{"surface":"αἴσιμον","lemma":"αἴσιμος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"fated"},{"surface":"ἦεν","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"was"}]},{"number":240,"label":"240","id":"b15-l240","source":"ναιέμεναι πολλοῖσιν ἀνάσσοντʼ Ἀργείοισιν","translation":"to dwell, ruling over many of the Argives.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l240.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ναιέμεναι","lemma":"ναίω","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"subject of ἦεν","gloss":"to dwell","note":"Epic infinitive ναιέμεναι (-μεναι ending) functions as the subject of ἦεν: 'it was fated [for him] to dwell'."},{"surface":"πολλοῖσιν","lemma":"πολύς","morphology":"dative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ἀργείοισιν","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"ἀνάσσοντ","lemma":"ἀνάσσω","morphology":"present active participle, accusative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"ruling"},{"surface":"Ἀργείοισιν","lemma":"Ἀργεῖος","morphology":"dative plural masculine adjective","role":"object of ἀνάσσοντ᾽","gloss":"Argives"}]},{"number":241,"label":"241","id":"b15-l241","source":"ἔνθα δʼ ἔγημε γυναῖκα καὶ ὑψερεφὲς θέτο δῶμα,","translation":"There he married a wife and built a high-roofed house,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l241.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔνθα","lemma":"ἔνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to δ᾽","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἔγημε","lemma":"γαμέω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"married"},{"surface":"γυναῖκα","lemma":"γυνή","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἔγημε","gloss":"wife"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὑψερεφὲς","lemma":"ὑψερεφής","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies δῶμα","gloss":"high-roofed"},{"surface":"θέτο","lemma":"τίθημι","morphology":"aorist indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"built"},{"surface":"δῶμα","lemma":"δῶμα","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of θέτο","gloss":"house"}]},{"number":242,"label":"242","id":"b15-l242","source":"γείνατο δʼ Ἀντιφάτην καὶ Μάντιον, υἷε κραταιώ.","translation":"and fathered Antiphates and Mantius, two mighty sons.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l242.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"γείνατο","lemma":"γείνομαι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"fathered","note":"γείνατο, aorist middle of γείνομαι, is the standard genealogical-catalogue verb 'begat'."},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Ἀντιφάτην","lemma":"Ἀντιφάτης","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"Antiphates"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Μάντιον","lemma":"Μάντιος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"Mantius"},{"surface":"υἷε","lemma":"υἱός","morphology":"accusative dual masculine noun","role":"object of ,","gloss":"two sons","note":"υἷε is a dual form — Greek's special number for exactly two, matched by the dual adjective κραταιώ."},{"surface":"κραταιώ","lemma":"κραταιός","morphology":"accusative dual masculine adjective","role":"modifies υἷε","gloss":"mighty"}]},{"number":243,"label":"243","id":"b15-l243","source":"Ἀντιφάτης μὲν ἔτικτεν Ὀϊκλῆα μεγάθυμον,","translation":"Antiphates begot great-hearted Oicleus,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l243.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ἀντιφάτης","lemma":"Ἀντιφάτης","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἔτικτεν","gloss":"Antiphates"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ἔτικτεν","lemma":"τίκτω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"begot"},{"surface":"Ὀϊκλῆα","lemma":"Οϊκλῆς","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἔτικτεν","gloss":"Oicleus"},{"surface":"μεγάθυμον","lemma":"μεγάθυμος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ὀϊκλῆα","gloss":"great-hearted"}]},{"number":244,"label":"244","id":"b15-l244","source":"αὐτὰρ Ὀϊκλείης λαοσσόον Ἀμφιάραον,","translation":"and Oicleus the host-rouser Amphiaraus,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l244.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Ὀϊκλείης","lemma":"Οϊκλῆς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"Oicleus"},{"surface":"λαοσσόον","lemma":"λαοσσόος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ἀμφιάραον","gloss":"host-rousing","note":"λαοσσόος 'rousing the host (to battle)', a heroic epithet built from λαός + σεύω."},{"surface":"Ἀμφιάραον","lemma":"Ἀμφιάραος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object","gloss":"Amphiaraus"}]},{"number":245,"label":"245","id":"b15-l245","source":"ὃν περὶ κῆρι φίλει Ζεύς τʼ αἰγίοχος καὶ Ἀπόλλων","translation":"whom aegis-bearing Zeus and Apollo loved in their hearts","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l245.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"αἰγίοχος","title":"Aegis-bearing Zeus","body":"αἰγίοχος, 'aegis-bearing,' is a standing epithet of Zeus. The aegis is his storm-shield, a sign of terrifying divine power."}],"words":[{"surface":"ὃν","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of φίλει","gloss":"whom"},{"surface":"περὶ","lemma":"περί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"κῆρι","lemma":"κῆρ","morphology":"dative singular neuter noun","role":"adverbial to περὶ","gloss":"heart","note":"περὶ κῆρι 'around the heart' is a Homeric intensifying formula meaning 'exceedingly, with all one's heart'."},{"surface":"φίλει","lemma":"φιλέω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing Ἀμφιάραον","gloss":"loved"},{"surface":"Ζεύς","lemma":"Ζεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"Zeus"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"αἰγίοχος","lemma":"αἰγίοχος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ζεύς","gloss":"aegis-bearing","note":"αἰγίοχος, Zeus's signature epithet, referring to his goatskin aegis-shield."},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Ἀπόλλων","lemma":"Ἀπόλλων","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"Apollo"}]},{"number":246,"label":"246","id":"b15-l246","source":"παντοίην φιλότητʼ· οὐδʼ ἵκετο γήραος οὐδόν,","translation":"with every kind of affection; yet he did not reach the threshold of old age,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l246.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"παντοίην","lemma":"παντοῖος","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies φιλότητ᾽","gloss":"every kind of"},{"surface":"φιλότητ","lemma":"φιλότης","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to φίλει","gloss":"affection"},{"surface":"ἵκετο","lemma":"ἱκνέομαι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"reached"},{"surface":"γήραος","lemma":"γῆρας","morphology":"genitive singular neuter noun","role":"modifies οὐδόν","gloss":"of old age"},{"surface":"οὐδόν","lemma":"οὐδός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἵκετο","gloss":"threshold","note":"'threshold of old age' is a Homeric metaphor: old age as a house one enters by crossing its doorstep."}]},{"number":247,"label":"247","id":"b15-l247","source":"ἀλλʼ ὄλετʼ ἐν Θήβῃσι γυναίων εἵνεκα δώρων.","translation":"but perished at Thebes because of a woman's bribes.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l247.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ὄλετ","lemma":"ὄλλυμι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"perished"},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Θήβῃσι","lemma":"Θῆβαι","morphology":"dative plural feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐν","gloss":"at Thebes"},{"surface":"γυναίων","lemma":"γύναιος","morphology":"genitive plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies δώρων","gloss":"a woman's"},{"surface":"εἵνεκα","lemma":"ἕνεκα","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"because of"},{"surface":"δώρων","lemma":"δῶρον","morphology":"genitive plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to εἵνεκα","gloss":"bribes","note":"Refers to the necklace bribe that led Eriphyle to betray Amphiaraus — a famous myth Homer alludes to in passing."}]},{"number":248,"label":"248","id":"b15-l248","source":"τοῦ δʼ υἱεῖς ἐγένοντʼ Ἀλκμαίων Ἀμφίλοχός τε.","translation":"His sons were Alcmaeon and Amphilochus.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l248.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τοῦ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"genitive singular masculine pronoun","role":"modifies υἱεῖς","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"υἱεῖς","lemma":"υἱός","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"sons"},{"surface":"ἐγένοντ","lemma":"γίγνομαι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"were born"},{"surface":"Ἀλκμαίων","lemma":"Ἀλκμαίων","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"Alcmaeon"},{"surface":"Ἀμφίλοχός","lemma":"Ἀμφίλοχος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"Amphilochus"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"}]},{"number":249,"label":"249","id":"b15-l249","source":"Μάντιος αὖ τέκετο Πολυφείδεά τε Κλεῖτόν τε·","translation":"Mantius in turn fathered Polypheides and Cleitus;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l249.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Μάντιος","lemma":"Μάντιος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of τέκετο","gloss":"Mantius"},{"surface":"αὖ","lemma":"αὖ","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"in turn"},{"surface":"τέκετο","lemma":"τίκτω","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"fathered"},{"surface":"Πολυφείδεά","lemma":"Πολυφείδης","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of τε","gloss":"Polypheides"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Κλεῖτόν","lemma":"Κλεῖτος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of τε","gloss":"Cleitus"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"}]},{"number":250,"label":"250","id":"b15-l250","source":"ἀλλʼ ἦ τοι Κλεῖτον χρυσόθρονος ἥρπασεν Ἠὼς","translation":"but Cleitus golden-throned Dawn carried off","scansion":"—— | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l250.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"χρυσόθρονος","title":"Golden-throned Dawn","body":"χρυσόθρονος, 'golden-throned,' is a recurring epithet of Dawn (Eos). She abducts the beautiful Cleitus to live among the gods."}],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἦ","lemma":"ἦ","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"τοι","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"Κλεῖτον","lemma":"Κλεῖτος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἥρπασεν","gloss":"Cleitus"},{"surface":"χρυσόθρονος","lemma":"χρυσόθρονος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies Ἠὼς","gloss":"golden-throned","note":"χρυσόθρονος, a fixed epithet for Dawn/goddesses, describing a golden throne/seat."},{"surface":"ἥρπασεν","lemma":"ἁρπάζω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"carried off","note":"ἁρπάζω of a god snatching away a beautiful mortal — the same verb used for abductions like Ganymede's."},{"surface":"Ἠὼς","lemma":"ἠώς","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ἥρπασεν","gloss":"Dawn"}]},{"number":251,"label":"251","id":"b15-l251","source":"κάλλεος εἵνεκα οἷο, ἵνʼ ἀθανάτοισι μετείη·","translation":"for the sake of his beauty, so that he might dwell among the immortals;","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l251.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"κάλλεος","lemma":"κάλλος","morphology":"genitive singular neuter noun","role":"adverbial to εἵνεκα","gloss":"beauty"},{"surface":"εἵνεκα","lemma":"ἕνεκα","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"for the sake of"},{"surface":"οἷο","lemma":"ἑός","morphology":"genitive singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies κάλλεος","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"ἵν","lemma":"ἵνα","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"ἀθανάτοισι","lemma":"ἀθάνατος","morphology":"dative plural masculine adjective","role":"object of μετείη","gloss":"among the immortals"},{"surface":"μετείη","lemma":"μέτειμι","morphology":"present active optative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ἵν᾽","gloss":"might dwell","note":"Optative μετείη expresses purpose ('so that he might be among') after ἵνα — a wish/purpose mood."}]},{"number":252,"label":"252","id":"b15-l252","source":"αὐτὰρ ὑπέρθυμον Πολυφείδεα μάντιν Ἀπόλλων","translation":"but high-spirited Polypheides Apollo made","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l252.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ὑπέρθυμον","lemma":"ὑπέρθυμος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Πολυφείδεα","gloss":"high-spirited"},{"surface":"Πολυφείδεα","lemma":"Πολυφείδης","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of θῆκε","gloss":"Polypheides"},{"surface":"μάντιν","lemma":"μάντις","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"complement of θῆκε","gloss":"a seer","note":"μάντιν is predicate accusative with an implied θῆκε ('made') continuing into the next line — Apollo 'made him a seer'."},{"surface":"Ἀπόλλων","lemma":"Ἀπόλλων","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of θῆκε","gloss":"Apollo"}]},{"number":253,"label":"253","id":"b15-l253","source":"θῆκε βροτῶν ὄχʼ ἄριστον, ἐπεὶ θάνεν Ἀμφιάραος·","translation":"by far the best seer among mortals, once Amphiaraus had died.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l253.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"θῆκε","lemma":"τίθημι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"made"},{"surface":"βροτῶν","lemma":"βροτός","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies ἄριστον","gloss":"of mortals"},{"surface":"ὄχ","lemma":"ὄχα","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"by far","note":"ὄχα emphasizing a superlative, 'by far the best' — common epic intensifier"},{"surface":"ἄριστον","lemma":"ἄριστος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies μάντιν","gloss":"best"},{"surface":"ἐπεὶ","lemma":"ἐπεί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"θάνεν","lemma":"θνήσκω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ἐπεὶ","gloss":"died"},{"surface":"Ἀμφιάραος","lemma":"Ἀμφιάραος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of θάνεν","gloss":"Amphiaraus","note":"famous seer-hero of the Theban cycle, swallowed by the earth"}]},{"number":254,"label":"254","id":"b15-l254","source":"ὅς ῥʼ Ὑπερησίηνδʼ ἀπενάσσατο πατρὶ χολωθείς,","translation":"He moved to Hyperesia, angry with his father,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l254.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὅς","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἀπενάσσατο","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"ῥ","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"(then)"},{"surface":"Ὑπερησίηνδ","lemma":"Ὑπερησίη","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of ἀπενάσσατο","gloss":"to Hyperesia","note":"-δε suffix marks motion toward a place, 'to X', fused onto the place name"},{"surface":"ἀπενάσσατο","lemma":"ἀποναίω","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a subordinate clause","gloss":"settled"},{"surface":"πατρὶ","lemma":"πατήρ","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object of χολωθείς","gloss":"with father"},{"surface":"χολωθείς","lemma":"χολόω","morphology":"aorist passive participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἀπενάσσατο","gloss":"angered"}]},{"number":255,"label":"255","id":"b15-l255","source":"ἔνθʼ ὅ γε ναιετάων μαντεύετο πᾶσι βροτοῖσιν.","translation":"and dwelling there he prophesied to all mortals.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l255.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔνθ","lemma":"ἔνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ναιετάων","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"ὅ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of μαντεύετο","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"γε","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ναιετάων","lemma":"ναιετάω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to μαντεύετο","gloss":"dwelling"},{"surface":"μαντεύετο","lemma":"μαντεύομαι","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"prophesied"},{"surface":"πᾶσι","lemma":"πᾶς","morphology":"dative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies βροτοῖσιν","gloss":"to all"},{"surface":"βροτοῖσιν","lemma":"βροτός","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"object of μαντεύετο","gloss":"mortals"}]},{"number":256,"label":"256","id":"b15-l256","source":"τοῦ μὲν ἄρʼ υἱὸς ἐπῆλθε, Θεοκλύμενος δʼ ὄνομʼ\n                  ἦεν,","translation":"His son it was who now came up, Theoclymenus by name,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l256.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τοῦ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"genitive singular masculine pronoun","role":"modifies υἱὸς","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ἄρ","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"υἱὸς","lemma":"υἱός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἐπῆλθε","gloss":"son"},{"surface":"ἐπῆλθε","lemma":"ἐπέρχομαι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"came up"},{"surface":"Θεοκλύμενος","lemma":"Θεοκλύμενος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"Theoclymenus"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὄνομ","lemma":"ὄνομα","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"subject of ἦεν","gloss":"name"},{"surface":"ἦεν","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"was","note":"ἦεν is the epic form of ἦν (imperfect of εἰμί), lengthened for the meter"}]},{"number":257,"label":"257","id":"b15-l257","source":"ὃς τότε Τηλεμάχου πέλας ἵστατο· τὸν δʼ ἐκίχανεν","translation":"and stood beside Telemachus. He found him","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l257.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὃς","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἵστατο","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"τότε","lemma":"τότε","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἵστατο","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"Τηλεμάχου","lemma":"Τηλέμαχος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to πέλας","gloss":"of Telemachus"},{"surface":"πέλας","lemma":"πέλας","morphology":"preposition","role":"adverbial to ἵστατο","gloss":"near"},{"surface":"ἵστατο","lemma":"ἵστημι","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing υἱὸς","gloss":"stood"},{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἐκίχανεν","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"ἐκίχανεν","lemma":"κιχάνω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"found"}]},{"number":258,"label":"258","id":"b15-l258","source":"σπένδοντʼ εὐχόμενόν τε θοῇ παρὰ νηῒ μελαίνῃ,","translation":"pouring libations and praying beside the swift black ship,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l258.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"σπένδοντ","lemma":"σπένδω","morphology":"present active participle, accusative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"pouring libation","note":"present participle describing Telemachus's action when Theoclymenus finds him"},{"surface":"εὐχόμενόν","lemma":"εὔχομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, accusative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"praying"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"θοῇ","lemma":"θοός","morphology":"dative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies νηῒ","gloss":"swift"},{"surface":"παρὰ","lemma":"παρά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"beside"},{"surface":"νηῒ","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to παρὰ","gloss":"ship"},{"surface":"μελαίνῃ","lemma":"μέλας","morphology":"dative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies νηῒ","gloss":"black"}]},{"number":259,"label":"259","id":"b15-l259","source":"καί μιν φωνήσας ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα·","translation":"and he spoke to him in winged words:","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l259.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ἔπεα πτερόεντα","title":"Winged words","body":"'Winged words' (ἔπεα πτερόεντα) is one of Homer's most common formulas for speech, as if words take flight from speaker to hearer."}],"words":[{"surface":"καί","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μιν","lemma":"μιν","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of προσηύδα","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"φωνήσας","lemma":"φωνέω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to προσηύδα","gloss":"having spoken"},{"surface":"ἔπεα","lemma":"ἔπος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of προσηύδα","gloss":"words"},{"surface":"πτερόεντα","lemma":"πτερόεις","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἔπεα","gloss":"winged","note":"ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα — a stock Homeric formula, 'spoke winged words,' introducing direct speech"},{"surface":"προσηύδα","lemma":"προσαυδάω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"addressed"}]},{"number":260,"label":"260","id":"b15-l260","source":"ὦ φίλʼ, ἐπεί σε θύοντα κιχάνω τῷδʼ ἐνὶ χώρῳ,","translation":"\"Friend, since I find you sacrificing in this place,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l260.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὦ","lemma":"ὦ","morphology":"exclamation","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"oh"},{"surface":"φίλ","lemma":"φίλος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine adjective","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"friend"},{"surface":"ἐπεί","lemma":"ἐπεί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"σε","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"accusative singular pronoun","role":"object of κιχάνω","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"θύοντα","lemma":"θύω","morphology":"present active participle, accusative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"sacrificing"},{"surface":"κιχάνω","lemma":"κιχάνω","morphology":"present active subjunctive, 1st singular verb","role":"adverbial to ἐπεί","gloss":"I find"},{"surface":"τῷδ","lemma":"ὅδε","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"modifies χώρῳ","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"χώρῳ","lemma":"χῶρος","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐνὶ","gloss":"place"}]},{"number":261,"label":"261","id":"b15-l261","source":"λίσσομʼ ὑπὲρ θυέων καὶ δαίμονος, αὐτὰρ ἔπειτα","translation":"I beg you by these offerings and by the god, and after that","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l261.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"λίσσομ","lemma":"λίσσομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I beg"},{"surface":"ὑπὲρ","lemma":"ὑπέρ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"by"},{"surface":"θυέων","lemma":"θύος","morphology":"genitive plural noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"offerings","note":"suppliant formula: begging 'by' the sacrifice and the god, then by the host's own head — ritual escalation of appeal"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"δαίμονος","lemma":"δαίμων","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"the god"},{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and then"},{"surface":"ἔπειτα","lemma":"ἔπειτα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"after"}]},{"number":262,"label":"262","id":"b15-l262","source":"σῆς τʼ αὐτοῦ κεφαλῆς καὶ ἑταίρων, οἵ τοι ἕπονται,","translation":"by your own head and by your companions who follow you:","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l262.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"σῆς","lemma":"σός","morphology":"genitive singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies κεφαλῆς","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"αὐτοῦ","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies κεφαλῆς","gloss":"own"},{"surface":"κεφαλῆς","lemma":"κεφαλή","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"head"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἑταίρων","lemma":"ἑταῖρος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"companions"},{"surface":"οἵ","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἕπονται","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"object of ἕπονται","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"ἕπονται","lemma":"ἕπομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ἑταίρων","gloss":"follow"}]},{"number":263,"label":"263","id":"b15-l263","source":"εἰπέ μοι εἰρομένῳ νημερτέα μηδʼ ἐπικεύσῃς·","translation":"tell me truly what I ask, and do not hide it.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l263.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εἰπέ","lemma":"εἶπον","morphology":"aorist active imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"tell"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of εἰπέ","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"εἰρομένῳ","lemma":"ἔρομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, dative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"asking"},{"surface":"νημερτέα","lemma":"νημερτής","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to εἰπέ","gloss":"truly","note":"νημερτέα, neuter plural used adverbially, 'true things' = 'truly' — common Homeric idiom"},{"surface":"ἐπικεύσῃς","lemma":"ἐπικεύθω","morphology":"aorist active subjunctive, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"hide"}]},{"number":264,"label":"264","id":"b15-l264","source":"τίς πόθεν εἶς ἀνδρῶν; πόθι τοι πόλις ἠδὲ τοκῆες;","translation":"Who are you among men, and from where? Where is your city and your parents?\"","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l264.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τίς","lemma":"τις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"πόθεν","lemma":"πόθεν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to εἶς","gloss":"from where"},{"surface":"εἶς","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"are you"},{"surface":"ἀνδρῶν","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies τίς","gloss":"of men"},{"surface":"πόθι","lemma":"πόθι","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"modifies ἠδὲ","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"πόλις","lemma":"πόλις","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"city"},{"surface":"ἠδὲ","lemma":"ἠδέ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τοκῆες","lemma":"τοκεύς","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"parents","note":"τίς πόθεν... classic Homeric stranger-question formula demanding identity, origin, city, parents"}]},{"number":265,"label":"265","id":"b15-l265","source":"τὸν δʼ αὖ Τηλέμαχος πεπνυμένος ἀντίον ηὔδα·","translation":"Then wise Telemachus answered him:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l265.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ηὔδα","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"αὖ","lemma":"αὖ","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"in turn"},{"surface":"Τηλέμαχος","lemma":"Τηλέμαχος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ηὔδα","gloss":"Telemachus"},{"surface":"πεπνυμένος","lemma":"πέπνυμαι","morphology":"perfect medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifies Τηλέμαχος","gloss":"wise","note":"πεπνυμένος, 'having good sense' — Telemachus's stock epithet in speech-introductions"},{"surface":"ἀντίον","lemma":"ἀντίον","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ηὔδα","gloss":"in answer"},{"surface":"ηὔδα","lemma":"αὐδάω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke"}]},{"number":266,"label":"266","id":"b15-l266","source":"τοιγὰρ ἐγώ τοι, ξεῖνε, μάλʼ ἀτρεκέως ἀγορεύσω.","translation":"\"Well then, stranger, I will tell you quite truly.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l266.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τοιγὰρ","lemma":"τοιγάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"well then"},{"surface":"ἐγώ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἀγορεύσω","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"object of ἀγορεύσω","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"ξεῖνε","lemma":"ξένος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"stranger"},{"surface":"μάλ","lemma":"μάλα","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"quite"},{"surface":"ἀτρεκέως","lemma":"ἀτρεκής","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἀγορεύσω","gloss":"truly"},{"surface":"ἀγορεύσω","lemma":"ἀγορεύω","morphology":"future active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"will tell"}]},{"number":267,"label":"267","id":"b15-l267","source":"ἐξ Ἰθάκης γένος εἰμί, πατὴρ δέ μοί ἐστιν Ὀδυσσεύς,","translation":"By birth I am from Ithaca, and my father is Odysseus,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l267.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐξ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"Ἰθάκης","lemma":"Ἰθάκη","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"Ithaca"},{"surface":"γένος","lemma":"γένος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"adverbial to εἰμί","gloss":"by birth","note":"γένος accusative of respect with εἰμί, 'I am, as to birth,' = 'by birth'"},{"surface":"εἰμί","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I am"},{"surface":"πατὴρ","lemma":"πατήρ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἐστιν","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μοί","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"modifies πατὴρ","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"ἐστιν","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"Ὀδυσσεύς","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"Odysseus"}]},{"number":268,"label":"268","id":"b15-l268","source":"εἴ ποτʼ ἔην· νῦν δʼ ἤδη ἀπέφθιτο λυγρῷ ὀλέθρῳ.","translation":"if ever he was; but now he has perished by a wretched death.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l268.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"εἴ ποτʼ ἔην","title":"\"If ever he was\"","body":"εἴ ποτʼ ἔην ('if ever he was') uses the imperfect of εἰμί in a wistful conditional, voicing Telemachus's doubt that his long-absent father still exists."}],"words":[{"surface":"εἴ","lemma":"εἰ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"ποτ","lemma":"ποτέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"ever"},{"surface":"ἔην","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to εἴ","gloss":"he was","note":"εἴ ποτ᾽ ἔην, 'if ever he was' — poignant doubt whether Odysseus still counts among the living"},{"surface":"νῦν","lemma":"νῦν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἀπέφθιτο","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἤδη","lemma":"ἤδη","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἀπέφθιτο","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"ἀπέφθιτο","lemma":"ἀποφθίνω","morphology":"pluperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"has perished"},{"surface":"λυγρῷ","lemma":"λυγρός","morphology":"dative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ὀλέθρῳ","gloss":"wretched"},{"surface":"ὀλέθρῳ","lemma":"ὄλεθρος","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἀπέφθιτο","gloss":"death"}]},{"number":269,"label":"269","id":"b15-l269","source":"τοὔνεκα νῦν ἑτάρους τε λαβὼν καὶ νῆα μέλαιναν","translation":"For this reason now, taking my companions and a black ship,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l269.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τοὔνεκα","lemma":"τοὔνεκα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἦλθον","gloss":"for this reason"},{"surface":"νῦν","lemma":"νῦν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἦλθον","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"ἑτάρους","lemma":"ἑταῖρος","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"companions"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"λαβὼν","lemma":"λαμβάνω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἦλθον","gloss":"taking"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"νῆα","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"ship"},{"surface":"μέλαιναν","lemma":"μέλας","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies νῆα","gloss":"black"}]},{"number":270,"label":"270","id":"b15-l270","source":"ἦλθον πευσόμενος πατρὸς δὴν οἰχομένοιο.","translation":"I have come seeking news of my father, gone so long.\"","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l270.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἦλθον","lemma":"ἔρχομαι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I came"},{"surface":"πευσόμενος","lemma":"πυνθάνομαι","morphology":"future middle participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἦλθον","gloss":"to learn","note":"future participle πευσόμενος expressing purpose, 'to learn' — a very common Homeric construction with verbs of motion"},{"surface":"πατρὸς","lemma":"πατήρ","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"object of πευσόμενος","gloss":"of father"},{"surface":"δὴν","lemma":"δήν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to οἰχομένοιο","gloss":"long"},{"surface":"οἰχομένοιο","lemma":"οἴχομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, genitive singular masculine","role":"modifies πατρὸς","gloss":"gone"}]},{"number":271,"label":"271","id":"b15-l271","source":"τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε Θεοκλύμενος θεοειδής·","translation":"Then godlike Theoclymenus spoke to him in turn:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l271.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of προσέειπε","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"αὖτε","lemma":"αὖτε","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"in turn"},{"surface":"προσέειπε","lemma":"προσεῖπον","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"addressed"},{"surface":"Θεοκλύμενος","lemma":"Θεοκλύμενος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of προσέειπε","gloss":"Theoclymenus"},{"surface":"θεοειδής","lemma":"θεοειδής","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Θεοκλύμενος","gloss":"godlike","note":"θεοειδής, stock epithet 'god-shaped' marking a noble figure's speech introduction"}]},{"number":272,"label":"272","id":"b15-l272","source":"οὕτω τοι καὶ ἐγὼν ἐκ πατρίδος, ἄνδρα κατακτὰς","translation":"\"So too am I far from my homeland, having killed a man","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l272.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οὕτω","lemma":"οὕτως","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial","gloss":"thus"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"τοι","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"ἐγὼν","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"ἐκ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"πατρίδος","lemma":"πατρίς","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"object","gloss":"homeland"},{"surface":"ἄνδρα","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of κατακτὰς","gloss":"a man"},{"surface":"κατακτὰς","lemma":"κατακτείνω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial","gloss":"having killed","note":"aorist participle κατακτάς, action prior to main clause — Theoclymenus reveals he is a fugitive killer"}]},{"number":273,"label":"273","id":"b15-l273","source":"ἔμφυλον· πολλοὶ δὲ κασίγνητοί τε ἔται τε","translation":"of my own tribe; and many are his brothers and kinsmen","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l273.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔμφυλον","lemma":"ἔμφυλος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἄνδρα","gloss":"of my tribe"},{"surface":"πολλοὶ","lemma":"πολύς","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies τε","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"κασίγνητοί","lemma":"κασίγνητος","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of τε","gloss":"brothers"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἔται","lemma":"ἔτης","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of τε","gloss":"kinsmen"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"}]},{"number":274,"label":"274","id":"b15-l274","source":"Ἄργος ἀνʼ ἱππόβοτον, μέγα δὲ κρατέουσιν Ἀχαιῶν.","translation":"in horse-pasturing Argos, and they hold great power among the Achaeans.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l274.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ἄργος","lemma":"Ἄργος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"adverbial","gloss":"Argos"},{"surface":"ἀν","lemma":"ἀνά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"ἱππόβοτον","lemma":"ἱππόβοτος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies Ἄργος","gloss":"horse-pasturing","note":"ἱππόβοτον, a formulaic epithet for Argos, 'grazed by horses'"},{"surface":"μέγα","lemma":"μέγας","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to κρατέουσιν","gloss":"greatly"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"κρατέουσιν","lemma":"κρατέω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"hold power"},{"surface":"Ἀχαιῶν","lemma":"Ἀχαιός","morphology":"genitive plural masculine adjective","role":"object of κρατέουσιν","gloss":"of Achaeans"}]},{"number":275,"label":"275","id":"b15-l275","source":"τῶν ὑπαλευάμενος θάνατον καὶ κῆρα μέλαιναν","translation":"Shunning death and black doom at their hands,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l275.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"κῆρα μέλαιναν","title":"Black doom","body":"κῆρ ('doom, death-spirit') is regularly paired with the epithet μέλαινα, 'black.' The Keres are personified death-fates that seize the dying."}],"words":[{"surface":"τῶν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"genitive plural masculine pronoun","role":"modifies καὶ","gloss":"from them"},{"surface":"ὑπαλευάμενος","lemma":"ὑπαλεύομαι","morphology":"aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to φεύγω","gloss":"escaping"},{"surface":"θάνατον","lemma":"θάνατος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"death"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"κῆρα","lemma":"κήρ","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"doom","note":"κήρ, the personified black fate of death — paired with θάνατος for emphasis, a common Homeric doublet"},{"surface":"μέλαιναν","lemma":"μέλας","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies κῆρα","gloss":"black"}]},{"number":276,"label":"276","id":"b15-l276","source":"φεύγω, ἐπεί νύ μοι αἶσα κατʼ ἀνθρώπους ἀλάλησθαι.","translation":"I flee, since now it is my lot to wander among mankind.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l276.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"φεύγω","lemma":"φεύγω","morphology":"present active subjunctive, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I flee"},{"surface":"ἐπεί","lemma":"ἐπεί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"νύ","lemma":"νῦν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"modifies αἶσα","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"αἶσα","lemma":"αἶσα","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"fate","note":"αἶσα, 'lot/destiny' — the impersonal fate compelling endless wandering, subject of the infinitive ἀλάλησθαι"},{"surface":"κατ","lemma":"κατά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"ἀνθρώπους","lemma":"ἄνθρωπος","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"object of κατ᾽","gloss":"mankind"},{"surface":"ἀλάλησθαι","lemma":"ἀλάλημαι","morphology":"present middle infinitive","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"to wander"}]},{"number":277,"label":"277","id":"b15-l277","source":"ἀλλά με νηὸς ἔφεσσαι, ἐπεί σε φυγὼν ἱκέτευσα,","translation":"But take me aboard your ship, since in flight I have come as your suppliant,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l277.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλά","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"με","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἔφεσσαι","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"νηὸς","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἔφεσσαι","gloss":"of ship"},{"surface":"ἔφεσσαι","lemma":"ἐπιέννυμι","morphology":"aorist middle imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"take aboard","note":"ἔφεσσαι, rare aorist middle imperative of ἐφέννυμι/ἐπιέννυμι, 'take (me) upon' the ship"},{"surface":"ἐπεί","lemma":"ἐπεί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"σε","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"accusative singular pronoun","role":"object of ἱκέτευσα","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"φυγὼν","lemma":"φεύγω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἱκέτευσα","gloss":"fleeing"},{"surface":"ἱκέτευσα","lemma":"ἱκετεύω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"adverbial to ἐπεί","gloss":"I supplicated"}]},{"number":278,"label":"278","id":"b15-l278","source":"μή με κατακτείνωσι· διωκέμεναι γὰρ ὀΐω.","translation":"so they may not kill me; for I think they are in pursuit.\"","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l278.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"μή","lemma":"μή","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"lest"},{"surface":"με","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of κατακτείνωσι","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"κατακτείνωσι","lemma":"κατακτείνω","morphology":"aorist active subjunctive, 3rd plural verb","role":"adverbial to μή","gloss":"they kill"},{"surface":"διωκέμεναι","lemma":"διώκω","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"object of ὀΐω","gloss":"pursuing"},{"surface":"γὰρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"ὀΐω","lemma":"οἴομαι","morphology":"present active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I think"}]},{"number":279,"label":"279","id":"b15-l279","source":"τὸν δʼ αὖ Τηλέμαχος πεπνυμένος ἀντίον ηὔδα·","translation":"Then wise Telemachus answered him:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l279.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ηὔδα","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"(and)"},{"surface":"αὖ","lemma":"αὖ","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"in turn"},{"surface":"Τηλέμαχος","lemma":"Τηλέμαχος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ηὔδα","gloss":"Telemachus"},{"surface":"πεπνυμένος","lemma":"πέπνυμαι","morphology":"perfect medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifies Τηλέμαχος","gloss":"wise"},{"surface":"ἀντίον","lemma":"ἀντίον","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ηὔδα","gloss":"in answer"},{"surface":"ηὔδα","lemma":"αὐδάω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke"}]},{"number":280,"label":"280","id":"b15-l280","source":"οὐ μὲν δή σʼ ἐθέλοντά γʼ ἀπώσω νηὸς ἐΐσης,","translation":"\"I will surely not thrust you, willing, from my balanced ship;","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l280.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"νηὸς ἐΐσης","title":"The balanced ship","body":"ἐΐση ('well-balanced, trim') is a standard epithet of ships, describing a vessel symmetrical and even on both sides."}],"words":[{"surface":"οὐ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"δή","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"σ","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"accusative singular pronoun","role":"object of ἀπώσω","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"ἐθέλοντά","lemma":"ἐθέλω","morphology":"present active participle, accusative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"willing"},{"surface":"γ","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"at least"},{"surface":"ἀπώσω","lemma":"ἀπωθέω","morphology":"future active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"will thrust away","note":"future ἀπώσω of ἀπωθέω, Telemachus's reassurance he won't refuse a willing suppliant"},{"surface":"νηὸς","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἀπώσω","gloss":"of ship"},{"surface":"ἐΐσης","lemma":"ἴσος","morphology":"genitive singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies νηὸς","gloss":"balanced","note":"ἐΐσης, 'well-balanced/even', formulaic epithet for a well-built ship"}]},{"number":281,"label":"281","id":"b15-l281","source":"ἀλλʼ ἕπευ· αὐτὰρ κεῖθι φιλήσεαι, οἷά κʼ ἔχωμεν.","translation":"but follow; there you shall be welcomed with what we have.\"","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l281.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἕπευ","lemma":"ἕπομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"follow","note":"Middle imperative of ἕπομαι, 'accompany/follow' — deponent verb, active in sense."},{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but then"},{"surface":"κεῖθι","lemma":"ἐκεῖθι","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to φιλήσεαι","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"φιλήσεαι","lemma":"φιλέω","morphology":"future middle indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"you shall be welcomed","note":"Future middle of φιλέω here means 'be entertained/befriended,' not just 'loved.'"},{"surface":"οἷά","lemma":"οἷος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to ἔχωμεν","gloss":"such things as"},{"surface":"κ","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(indefinite marker)"},{"surface":"ἔχωμεν","lemma":"ἔχω","morphology":"present active subjunctive, 1st plural verb","role":"adverbial to φιλήσεαι","gloss":"we have","note":"Subjunctive + κε in a relative clause gives indefinite 'whatever we happen to have.'"}]},{"number":282,"label":"282","id":"b15-l282","source":"ὣς ἄρα φωνήσας οἱ ἐδέξατο χάλκεον ἔγχος,","translation":"So speaking, he took from him the bronze-tipped spear","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l282.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to φωνήσας","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"ἄρα","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"φωνήσας","lemma":"φωνέω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἐδέξατο","gloss":"speaking","note":"Aorist participle summarizing the preceding speech, a common Homeric transition formula."},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"modifies ἔγχος","gloss":"from him"},{"surface":"ἐδέξατο","lemma":"δέχομαι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"took","note":"δέχομαι + genitive/dative source: 'received/took (from) him.'"},{"surface":"χάλκεον","lemma":"χάλκεος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἔγχος","gloss":"bronze"},{"surface":"ἔγχος","lemma":"ἔγχος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ἐδέξατο","gloss":"spear"}]},{"number":283,"label":"283","id":"b15-l283","source":"καὶ τό γʼ ἐπʼ ἰκριόφιν τάνυσεν νεὸς ἀμφιελίσσης·","translation":"and laid it along the deck of the curved ship;","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l283.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τό","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"object of τάνυσεν","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"γ","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ἐπ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"ἰκριόφιν","lemma":"ἴκρια","morphology":"genitive plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἐπ᾽","gloss":"the deck planks","note":"ἴκρια = the raised deck-boards of a ship, a concrete nautical term."},{"surface":"τάνυσεν","lemma":"τανύω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"laid/stretched","note":"τανύω, 'stretch out,' used concretely of laying the spear lengthwise on deck."},{"surface":"νεὸς","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies ἰκριόφιν","gloss":"of the ship"},{"surface":"ἀμφιελίσσης","lemma":"ἀμφιέλισσα","morphology":"genitive singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies νεὸς","gloss":"curved","note":"ἀμφιέλισσα, 'curved on both sides,' a stock Homeric epithet for ships."}]},{"number":284,"label":"284","id":"b15-l284","source":"ἂν δὲ καὶ αὐτὸς νηὸς ἐβήσετο ποντοπόροιο.","translation":"then he himself climbed aboard the seafaring ship.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l284.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἂν","lemma":"ἀνά","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"up"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"αὐτὸς","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"he himself","note":"αὐτός marks that Telemachus in person also boards, in addition to the spear he had already stowed aboard — the crew's rigging work (mast, sails) happens only later, after he boards."},{"surface":"νηὸς","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐβήσετο","gloss":"of the ship"},{"surface":"ἐβήσετο","lemma":"βαίνω","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"climbed aboard","note":"Aorist middle of βαίνω with genitive: 'stepped onto/boarded' the ship."},{"surface":"ποντοπόροιο","lemma":"ποντοπόρος","morphology":"genitive singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies νηὸς","gloss":"seafaring"}]},{"number":285,"label":"285","id":"b15-l285","source":"ἐν πρύμνῃ δʼ ἄρʼ ἔπειτα καθέζετο, πὰρ δὲ οἷ αὐτῷ","translation":"He sat down at the stern, and beside himself","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l285.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"πρύμνῃ","lemma":"πρύμνα","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐν","gloss":"the stern"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἄρ","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"ἔπειτα","lemma":"ἔπειτα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to καθέζετο","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"καθέζετο","lemma":"καθέζομαι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"sat down","note":"καθέζομαι, deponent 'took his seat,' governing πρύμνῃ as location."},{"surface":"πὰρ","lemma":"παρά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"beside"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"οἷ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of πὰρ","gloss":"himself","note":"Enclitic reflexive pronoun οἷ, 'to/for him(self),' referring back to the subject."},{"surface":"αὐτῷ","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"dative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies οἷ","gloss":"himself"}]},{"number":286,"label":"286","id":"b15-l286","source":"εἷσε Θεοκλύμενον· τοὶ δὲ πρυμνήσιʼ ἔλυσαν.","translation":"he seated Theoclymenus; and the men loosed the stern-cables.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l286.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εἷσε","lemma":"ἵζω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"seated","note":"Aorist of ἵζω, causative 'made sit/seated (someone),' distinct from καθέζετο 'sat himself.'"},{"surface":"Θεοκλύμενον","lemma":"Θεοκλύμενος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of εἷσε","gloss":"Theoclymenus"},{"surface":"τοὶ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἔλυσαν","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"πρυμνήσι","lemma":"πρυμνήσιος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of ἔλυσαν","gloss":"stern-cables","note":"πρυμνήσια = the mooring lines fastened at the ship's stern."},{"surface":"ἔλυσαν","lemma":"ἐλύω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"loosed"}]},{"number":287,"label":"287","id":"b15-l287","source":"Τηλέμαχος δʼ ἑτάροισιν ἐποτρύνας ἐκέλευσεν","translation":"Telemachus urged his companions and gave the order","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l287.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Τηλέμαχος","lemma":"Τηλέμαχος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἐκέλευσεν","gloss":"Telemachus"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἑτάροισιν","lemma":"ἑταῖρος","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"object of ἐκέλευσεν","gloss":"companions"},{"surface":"ἐποτρύνας","lemma":"ἐποτρύνω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἐκέλευσεν","gloss":"having urged","note":"Aorist participle of a compound in ἐπο-, 'stirred on/urged,' preceding the main verb of command."},{"surface":"ἐκέλευσεν","lemma":"κελεύω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"gave the order"}]},{"number":288,"label":"288","id":"b15-l288","source":"ὅπλων ἅπτεσθαι· τοὶ δʼ ἐσσυμένως ἐπίθοντο.","translation":"to lay hold of the tackle; and they eagerly obeyed.","scansion":"—— | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l288.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὅπλων","lemma":"ὅπλον","morphology":"genitive plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἅπτεσθαι","gloss":"the tackle","note":"ὅπλα here means ship's gear/rigging, not weapons — a common nautical sense in Homer."},{"surface":"ἅπτεσθαι","lemma":"ἅπτω","morphology":"present medio-passive infinitive","role":"object of ἐκέλευσεν","gloss":"to lay hold of"},{"surface":"τοὶ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἐπίθοντο","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐσσυμένως","lemma":"ἐσσύμενος","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐπίθοντο","gloss":"eagerly"},{"surface":"ἐπίθοντο","lemma":"πείθω","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"obeyed","note":"Aorist middle of πείθω, 'were persuaded/obeyed,' standard for crew compliance."}]},{"number":289,"label":"289","id":"b15-l289","source":"ἱστὸν δʼ εἰλάτινον κοίλης ἔντοσθε μεσόδμης","translation":"The mast of fir they raised and set upright within","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l289.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἱστὸν","lemma":"ἱστός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of στῆσαν","gloss":"the mast"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"εἰλάτινον","lemma":"ἐλάτινος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἱστὸν","gloss":"of fir"},{"surface":"κοίλης","lemma":"κοῖλος","morphology":"genitive singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies μεσόδμης","gloss":"hollow"},{"surface":"ἔντοσθε","lemma":"ἔντοσθε","morphology":"preposition","role":"adverbial to στῆσαν","gloss":"within"},{"surface":"μεσόδμης","lemma":"μεσόδμη","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἔντοσθε","gloss":"the mast-box","note":"μεσόδμη, the socket/box amidships that held the mast upright."}]},{"number":290,"label":"290","id":"b15-l290","source":"στῆσαν ἀείραντες, κατὰ δὲ προτόνοισιν ἔδησαν,","translation":"the hollow mast-box, and made it fast with the forestays,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l290.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"στῆσαν","lemma":"ἵστημι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"they raised/set","note":"Aorist of ἵστημι, 'made stand,' i.e. stepped/set the mast upright."},{"surface":"ἀείραντες","lemma":"ἀείρω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative plural masculine","role":"adverbial to στῆσαν","gloss":"having lifted","note":"Aorist participle of ἀείρω, 'having raised (it) up,' preceding the main verb of setting it."},{"surface":"κατὰ","lemma":"κατά","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"προτόνοισιν","lemma":"πρότονοι","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἔδησαν","gloss":"with the forestays"},{"surface":"ἔδησαν","lemma":"δέω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"made fast"}]},{"number":291,"label":"291","id":"b15-l291","source":"ἕλκον δʼ ἱστία λευκὰ ἐϋστρέπτοισι βοεῦσι.","translation":"and they hauled up the white sails with well-twisted ox-hide thongs.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l291.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἕλκον","lemma":"ἕλκω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"hauled up"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἱστία","lemma":"ἱστίον","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἕλκον","gloss":"the sails"},{"surface":"λευκὰ","lemma":"λευκός","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἱστία","gloss":"white"},{"surface":"ἐϋστρέπτοισι","lemma":"εὔστρεπτος","morphology":"dative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies βοεῦσι","gloss":"well-twisted"},{"surface":"βοεῦσι","lemma":"βοεύς","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἕλκον","gloss":"ox-hide thongs","note":"βοεύς, leather rope made from ox-hide, used to haul the sails up."}]},{"number":292,"label":"292","id":"b15-l292","source":"τοῖσιν δʼ ἴκμενον οὖρον ἵει γλαυκῶπις Ἀθήνη,","translation":"And for them gray-eyed Athena sent a favoring wind,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l292.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"γλαυκῶπις","title":"Gray-eyed Athena","body":"γλαυκῶπις, 'gray-eyed' or 'bright-eyed,' is Athena's defining epithet, suggesting the keen, gleaming gaze of the owl that is her bird."}],"words":[{"surface":"τοῖσιν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"dative plural masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἵει","gloss":"for them"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἴκμενον","lemma":"ἴκμενος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies οὖρον","gloss":"favoring"},{"surface":"οὖρον","lemma":"οὖρος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἵει","gloss":"a wind"},{"surface":"ἵει","lemma":"ἵημι","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"sent"},{"surface":"γλαυκῶπις","lemma":"γλαυκῶπις","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies Ἀθήνη","gloss":"gray-eyed","note":"γλαυκῶπις, Athena's fixed epithet, 'flashing/gray-eyed,' always paired with her name."},{"surface":"Ἀθήνη","lemma":"Ἀθήνη","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ἵει","gloss":"Athena"}]},{"number":293,"label":"293","id":"b15-l293","source":"λάβρον ἐπαιγίζοντα διʼ αἰθέρος, ὄφρα τάχιστα","translation":"blowing strong through the upper air, so that as quickly as possible","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l293.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"λάβρον","lemma":"λάβρος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to ἐπαιγίζοντα","gloss":"strong","note":"λάβρος, 'violent/rushing,' describing the wind's force adverbially with the participle."},{"surface":"ἐπαιγίζοντα","lemma":"ἐπαιγίζω","morphology":"present active participle, accusative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"blowing"},{"surface":"δι","lemma":"διά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"αἰθέρος","lemma":"αἰθήρ","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"object of δι᾽","gloss":"the upper air"},{"surface":"ὄφρα","lemma":"ὄφρα","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"τάχιστα","lemma":"ταχύς","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to ἀνύσειε","gloss":"most quickly"}]},{"number":294,"label":"294","id":"b15-l294","source":"νηῦς ἀνύσειε θέουσα θαλάσσης ἁλμυρὸν ὕδωρ.","translation":"the ship might run her course over the salt sea-water.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l294.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"νηῦς","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ἀνύσειε","gloss":"the ship"},{"surface":"ἀνύσειε","lemma":"ἀνύω","morphology":"aorist active optative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ὄφρα","gloss":"might run its course","note":"Aorist optative of ἀνύω, 'accomplish/complete,' in a purpose clause after ὄφρα."},{"surface":"θέουσα","lemma":"θέω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to ἀνύσειε","gloss":"running"},{"surface":"θαλάσσης","lemma":"θάλασσα","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies ὕδωρ","gloss":"of the sea"},{"surface":"ἁλμυρὸν","lemma":"ἁλμυρός","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies ὕδωρ","gloss":"salt"},{"surface":"ὕδωρ","lemma":"ὕδωρ","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ἀνύσειε","gloss":"water"}]},{"number":295,"label":"295","id":"b15-l295","source":"βὰν δὲ παρὰ Κρουνοὺς καὶ Χαλκίδα καλλιρέεθρον.","translation":"They sailed past Crounoi and fair-flowing Chalcis.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l295.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"βὰν","lemma":"βαίνω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"they went","note":"Root aorist βὰν (=ἔβησαν) of βαίνω, a common short epic form for 'they went/sailed.'"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"παρὰ","lemma":"παρά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"Crounoi"},{"surface":"Κρουνοὺς","lemma":"Κρουνοί","morphology":"accusative plural feminine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"Chalcis"},{"surface":"Χαλκίδα","lemma":"Χαλκίς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"fair-flowing","note":"καλλιρέεθρος, epithet for rivers/waters with beautiful streams, here of the place Chalcis."},{"surface":"καλλιρέεθρον","lemma":"καλλιρέεθρος","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies Χαλκίδα","gloss":"fair-flowing"}]},{"number":296,"label":"296","id":"b15-l296","source":"δύσετό τʼ ἠέλιος σκιόωντό τε πᾶσαι ἀγυιαί·","translation":"The sun set and all the ways grew dark;","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l296.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δύσετό","lemma":"δύω","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"set"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἠέλιος","lemma":"ἠέλιος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of δύσετό","gloss":"the sun"},{"surface":"σκιόωντό","lemma":"σκιάω","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"grew dark","note":"σκιάω, 'be shadowed,' describing roads darkening at nightfall — a vivid Homeric touch."},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"πᾶσαι","lemma":"πᾶς","morphology":"nominative plural feminine adjective","role":"modifies ἀγυιαί","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"ἀγυιαί","lemma":"ἀγυιά","morphology":"nominative plural feminine noun","role":"subject of σκιόωντό","gloss":"the roads"}]},{"number":297,"label":"297","id":"b15-l297","source":"ἡ δὲ Φεὰς ἐπέβαλλεν ἐπειγομένη Διὸς οὔρῳ","translation":"and the ship pressed on toward Pheae, driven by the wind of Zeus,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l297.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἡ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject of ἐπέβαλλεν","gloss":"it (the ship)","note":"Feminine ἡ refers back to νηῦς 'the ship,' understood though not named in this line."},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Φεὰς","lemma":"Φεαί","morphology":"accusative plural feminine noun","role":"object of ἠδὲ","gloss":"Pheae"},{"surface":"ἐπέβαλλεν","lemma":"ἐπιβάλλω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"pressed on toward"},{"surface":"ἐπειγομένη","lemma":"ἐπείγω","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to ἐπέβαλλεν","gloss":"driven"},{"surface":"Διὸς","lemma":"Ζεύς","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies οὔρῳ","gloss":"of Zeus"},{"surface":"οὔρῳ","lemma":"οὖρος","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἐπειγομένη","gloss":"wind","note":"'Wind of Zeus' — the god as source of the favorable breeze, a formulaic phrase."}]},{"number":298,"label":"298","id":"b15-l298","source":"ἠδὲ παρʼ Ἤλιδα δῖαν, ὅθι κρατέουσιν Ἐπειοί.","translation":"and past noble Elis, where the Epeans hold power.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l298.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἠδὲ","lemma":"ἠδέ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"παρ","lemma":"παρά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"past"},{"surface":"Ἤλιδα","lemma":"Ἦλις","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of παρ᾽","gloss":"Elis"},{"surface":"δῖαν","lemma":"δῖος","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies Ἤλιδα","gloss":"noble"},{"surface":"ὅθι","lemma":"ὅθι","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to κρατέουσιν","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"κρατέουσιν","lemma":"κρατέω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"verb of a clause describing Ἤλιδα","gloss":"hold power"},{"surface":"Ἐπειοί","lemma":"Ἐπειός","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"subject of κρατέουσιν","gloss":"the Epeans"}]},{"number":299,"label":"299","id":"b15-l299","source":"ἔνθεν δʼ αὖ νήσοισιν ἐπιπροέηκε θοῇσιν,","translation":"From there he steered her on toward the swift islands,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l299.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔνθεν","lemma":"ἔνθεν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐπιπροέηκε","gloss":"from there"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"αὖ","lemma":"αὖ","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"νήσοισιν","lemma":"νῆσος","morphology":"dative plural feminine noun","role":"object of ἐπιπροέηκε","gloss":"toward the islands"},{"surface":"ἐπιπροέηκε","lemma":"ἐπιπροίημι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"steered on","note":"ἐπιπροίημι, 'send forth further,' i.e. drove the ship onward toward the islands."},{"surface":"θοῇσιν","lemma":"θοός","morphology":"dative plural feminine adjective","role":"modifies νήσοισιν","gloss":"swift"}]},{"number":300,"label":"300","id":"b15-l300","source":"ὁρμαίνων ἤ κεν θάνατον φύγοι ἦ κεν ἁλώῃ.","translation":"pondering whether he would escape death or be taken.","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l300.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ἤ κεν θάνατον φύγοι ἦ κεν ἁλώῃ","title":"Deliberative optative","body":"φύγοι is an optative; ἁλώῃ is a Homeric aorist subjunctive (3rd singular) of ἁλίσκομαι — its -ῃ ending marks the subjunctive, not the optative. Homer's mixing of optative and subjunctive in alternative indirect questions is a recognized Epic idiom."}],"words":[{"surface":"ὁρμαίνων","lemma":"ὁρμαίνω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἐπιπροέηκε","gloss":"pondering","note":"ὁρμαίνω, 'turn over in mind,' introduces Telemachus's indirect deliberation on escape or capture."},{"surface":"ἤ","lemma":"ἤ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"κεν","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(modal particle)"},{"surface":"θάνατον","lemma":"θάνατος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of φύγοι","gloss":"death"},{"surface":"φύγοι","lemma":"φεύγω","morphology":"aorist active optative, 3rd singular verb","role":"object of ἦ","gloss":"he would escape"},{"surface":"ἦ","lemma":"ἤ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"κεν","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(modal particle)"},{"surface":"ἁλώῃ","lemma":"ἁλίσκομαι","morphology":"aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","role":"object of ἦ","gloss":"be taken","note":"Subjunctive ἁλώῃ (root ἁλίσκομαι) beside the optative φύγοι — mixed moods typical of Homeric deliberative clauses."}]},{"number":301,"label":"301","id":"b15-l301","source":"τὼ δʼ αὖτʼ ἐν κλισίῃ Ὀδυσεὺς καὶ δῖος ὑφορβὸς","translation":"Meanwhile in the hut Odysseus and the noble swineherd","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l301.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τὼ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative dual masculine pronoun","role":"subject","gloss":"the two of them","note":"Dual pronoun τώ, marking Odysseus and the swineherd together as a pair."},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"αὖτ","lemma":"αὖτε","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"κλισίῃ","lemma":"κλισία","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐν","gloss":"the hut"},{"surface":"Ὀδυσεὺς","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"Odysseus"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"δῖος","lemma":"δῖος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ὑφορβὸς","gloss":"noble"},{"surface":"ὑφορβὸς","lemma":"ὑφορβός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"swineherd"}]},{"number":302,"label":"302","id":"b15-l302","source":"δορπείτην· παρὰ δέ σφιν ἐδόρπεον ἀνέρες ἄλλοι.","translation":"were taking their supper, and beside them the other men supped too.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l302.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δορπείτην","lemma":"δορπέω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd dual verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"were taking supper","note":"Dual verb δορπείτην agrees with the pair τώ from the previous line."},{"surface":"παρὰ","lemma":"παρά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"beside"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"σφιν","lemma":"σφεῖς","morphology":"dative plural masculine pronoun","role":"adverbial to παρὰ","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"ἐδόρπεον","lemma":"δορπέω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"supped"},{"surface":"ἀνέρες","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of ἐδόρπεον","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"ἄλλοι","lemma":"ἄλλος","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἀνέρες","gloss":"other"}]},{"number":303,"label":"303","id":"b15-l303","source":"αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ πόσιος καὶ ἐδητύος ἐξ ἔρον ἕντο,","translation":"But when they had put off their desire for drink and food,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l303.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ἐξ ἔρον ἕντο","title":"Putting off desire","body":"'When they had put off their desire for food and drink' is a recurring formula marking the end of a meal and the turn to conversation or action."}],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἐπεὶ","lemma":"ἐπεί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"πόσιος","lemma":"πόσις","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies καὶ","gloss":"of drink"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐδητύος","lemma":"ἐδητύς","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies καὶ","gloss":"of food"},{"surface":"ἐξ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"off"},{"surface":"ἔρον","lemma":"ἔρος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἕντο","gloss":"desire","note":"ἔρος (=ἔρως) here of appetite/craving for food and drink, not romantic love."},{"surface":"ἕντο","lemma":"ἵημι","morphology":"aorist indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"adverbial to ἐπεὶ","gloss":"put away","note":"ἐξ...ἕντο, 'sent off/dismissed,' a tmesis idiom meaning 'satisfied and set aside their desire.'"}]},{"number":304,"label":"304","id":"b15-l304","source":"τοῖς δʼ Ὀδυσεὺς μετέειπε, συβώτεω πειρητίζων,","translation":"Odysseus spoke among them, testing the swineherd,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l304.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τοῖς","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"dative plural masculine pronoun","role":"object of μετέειπε","gloss":"to them"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Ὀδυσεὺς","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of μετέειπε","gloss":"Odysseus"},{"surface":"μετέειπε","lemma":"μετεῖπον","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke among"},{"surface":"συβώτεω","lemma":"συβώτης","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"object of πειρητίζων","gloss":"the swineherd"},{"surface":"πειρητίζων","lemma":"πειρητίζω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to μετέειπε","gloss":"testing","note":"πειρητίζω, 'making trial of' — Odysseus is testing whether Eumaeus's hospitality will continue, not probing loyalty tied to any identity revelation."}]},{"number":305,"label":"305","id":"b15-l305","source":"ἤ μιν ἔτʼ ἐνδυκέως φιλέοι μεῖναί τε κελεύοι","translation":"whether he would still kindly entertain him and bid him stay","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l305.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἤ","lemma":"ἤ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"μιν","lemma":"μιν","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of φιλέοι","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"ἔτ","lemma":"ἔτι","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to φιλέοι","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"ἐνδυκέως","lemma":"ἐνδυκέως","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to φιλέοι","gloss":"kindly","note":"ἐνδυκέως, 'attentively/dutifully,' a Homeric adverb of warm hospitality."},{"surface":"φιλέοι","lemma":"φιλέω","morphology":"present active optative, 3rd singular verb","role":"object of τε","gloss":"would entertain"},{"surface":"μεῖναί","lemma":"μένω","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"object of κελεύοι","gloss":"to stay"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"κελεύοι","lemma":"κελεύω","morphology":"present active optative, 3rd singular verb","role":"object of τε","gloss":"would bid"}]},{"number":306,"label":"306","id":"b15-l306","source":"αὐτοῦ ἐνὶ σταθμῷ, ἦ ὀτρύνειε πόλινδε·","translation":"there at the steading, or send him off to the city.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l306.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτοῦ","lemma":"αὐτοῦ","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to μεῖναί","gloss":"right there"},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"σταθμῷ","lemma":"σταθμός","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐνὶ","gloss":"the steading"},{"surface":"ἦ","lemma":"ἤ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"ὀτρύνειε","lemma":"ὀτρύνω","morphology":"aorist active optative, 3rd singular verb","role":"object of ἦ","gloss":"would send off"},{"surface":"πόλινδε","lemma":"πόλινδε","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of ὀτρύνειε","gloss":"to the city","note":"πόλινδε, directional suffix -δε 'to/toward,' common Homeric motion-to form."}]},{"number":307,"label":"307","id":"b15-l307","source":"κέκλυθι νῦν, Εὔμαιε, καὶ ἄλλοι πάντες\n                     ἑταῖροι·","translation":"\"Listen now, Eumaeus, and all you other companions:","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l307.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"κέκλυθι","lemma":"κλύω","morphology":"aorist active imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"listen","note":"Reduplicated aorist imperative κέκλυθι (not perfect) from κλύω, 'hear/attend,' a formulaic call to attention opening a speech."},{"surface":"νῦν","lemma":"νῦν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to κέκλυθι","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"Εὔμαιε","lemma":"Εὔμαιος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"Eumaeus"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἄλλοι","lemma":"ἄλλος","morphology":"vocative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἑταῖροι","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"πάντες","lemma":"πᾶς","morphology":"vocative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἑταῖροι","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"ἑταῖροι","lemma":"ἑταῖρος","morphology":"vocative plural masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"companions"}]},{"number":308,"label":"308","id":"b15-l308","source":"ἠῶθεν προτὶ ἄστυ λιλαίομαι ἀπονέεσθαι","translation":"at dawn I am eager to set out for the town","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l308.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἠῶθεν","lemma":"ἕωθεν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἀπονέεσθαι","gloss":"at dawn"},{"surface":"προτὶ","lemma":"πρός","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"toward"},{"surface":"ἄστυ","lemma":"ἄστυ","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of προτὶ","gloss":"the town"},{"surface":"λιλαίομαι","lemma":"λιλαίομαι","morphology":"present middle indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I am eager","note":"λιλαίομαι, a strong desiderative middle verb, 'long/yearn (to).'"},{"surface":"ἀπονέεσθαι","lemma":"ἀπονέομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive infinitive","role":"object of λιλαίομαι","gloss":"to return"}]},{"number":309,"label":"309","id":"b15-l309","source":"πτωχεύσων, ἵνα μή σε κατατρύχω καὶ ἑταίρους.","translation":"to beg, so that I may not wear you and your men down.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l309.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πτωχεύσων","lemma":"πτωχεύω","morphology":"future active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἀπονέεσθαι","gloss":"to go begging","note":"future participle expressing purpose, 'in order to beg'"},{"surface":"ἵνα","lemma":"ἵνα","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"μή","lemma":"μή","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"σε","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"accusative singular pronoun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"κατατρύχω","lemma":"κατατρύχω","morphology":"present active subjunctive, 1st singular verb","role":"adverbial to ἵνα","gloss":"wear down","note":"subjunctive after ἵνα μή, negative purpose clause"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἑταίρους","lemma":"ἑταῖρος","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"companions"}]},{"number":310,"label":"310","id":"b15-l310","source":"ἀλλά μοι εὖ θʼ ὑπόθευ καὶ ἅμʼ ἡγεμόνʼ ἐσθλὸν ὄπασσον","translation":"Advise me well, and give me a good guide to go with me","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l310.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλά","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ὑπόθευ","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"εὖ","lemma":"εὖ","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ὑπόθευ","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"θ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"(epic particle, untranslated)"},{"surface":"ὑπόθευ","lemma":"ὑποτίθημι","morphology":"aorist middle imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"advise","note":"aorist middle imperative, 'advise for yourself/me' sense"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἅμ","lemma":"ἅμα","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"along with"},{"surface":"ἡγεμόν","lemma":"ἡγεμών","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ὄπασσον","gloss":"a guide"},{"surface":"ἐσθλὸν","lemma":"ἐσθλός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἡγεμόν᾽","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"ὄπασσον","lemma":"ὀπάζω","morphology":"aorist active imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"send with me","note":"ὀπάζω, 'to send along as escort', common epic verb for granting a companion"}]},{"number":311,"label":"311","id":"b15-l311","source":"ὅς κέ με κεῖσʼ ἀγάγῃ· κατὰ δὲ πτόλιν αὐτὸς ἀνάγκῃ","translation":"who will lead me there; and through the city itself, of necessity,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l311.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὅς","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἀγάγῃ","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"κέ","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(potential particle)"},{"surface":"με","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἀγάγῃ","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"κεῖσ","lemma":"ἐκεῖσε","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of ἀγάγῃ","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"ἀγάγῃ","lemma":"ἄγω","morphology":"aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ἡγεμόν᾽","gloss":"may lead","note":"aorist subjunctive with κε in a relative clause (not purpose), giving a future/generic sense: 'who will lead me'"},{"surface":"κατὰ","lemma":"κατά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"πτόλιν","lemma":"πόλις","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to κατὰ","gloss":"the city","note":"epic πτόλις for πόλις, metrically lengthened form"},{"surface":"αὐτὸς","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"myself"},{"surface":"ἀνάγκῃ","lemma":"ἀνάγκη","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to πλάγξομαι","gloss":"by necessity"}]},{"number":312,"label":"312","id":"b15-l312","source":"πλάγξομαι, αἴ κέν τις κοτύλην καὶ πύρνον ὀρέξῃ.","translation":"I will wander, in case someone offers a cup and a crust.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l312.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πλάγξομαι","lemma":"πλάζω","morphology":"future middle indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I will wander","note":"future middle of πλάζω, 'be driven off course/wander'"},{"surface":"αἴ","lemma":"εἰ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"κέν","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(potential particle)"},{"surface":"τις","lemma":"τις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ὀρέξῃ","gloss":"someone"},{"surface":"κοτύλην","lemma":"κοτύλη","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"a cup"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"πύρνον","lemma":"πύρνον","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"a crust of bread"},{"surface":"ὀρέξῃ","lemma":"ὀρέγω","morphology":"aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to αἴ","gloss":"offers"}]},{"number":313,"label":"313","id":"b15-l313","source":"καί κʼ ἐλθὼν πρὸς δώματʼ Ὀδυσσῆος θείοιο","translation":"And going to the house of godlike Odysseus,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l313.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καί","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"κ","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(potential particle)"},{"surface":"ἐλθὼν","lemma":"ἔρχομαι","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to εἴποιμι","gloss":"going","note":"aorist participle, 'having gone', begins the wish clause continued by εἴποιμι"},{"surface":"πρὸς","lemma":"πρός","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"δώματ","lemma":"δῶμα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of πρὸς","gloss":"the house"},{"surface":"Ὀδυσσῆος","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies δώματ᾽","gloss":"of Odysseus"},{"surface":"θείοιο","lemma":"θεῖος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ὀδυσσῆος","gloss":"godlike","note":"stock epic epithet θεῖος, 'godlike', regularly paired with Odysseus"}]},{"number":314,"label":"314","id":"b15-l314","source":"ἀγγελίην εἴποιμι περίφρονι Πηνελοπείῃ,","translation":"I might bring news to wise Penelope,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l314.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀγγελίην","lemma":"ἀγγελία","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of εἴποιμι","gloss":"a message"},{"surface":"εἴποιμι","lemma":"εἶπον","morphology":"aorist active optative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I might tell","note":"aorist optative of wish, 'I would like to bring word'"},{"surface":"περίφρονι","lemma":"περίφρων","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"modifies Πηνελοπείῃ","gloss":"wise"},{"surface":"Πηνελοπείῃ","lemma":"Πηνελόπεια","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"object of εἴποιμι","gloss":"to Penelope"}]},{"number":315,"label":"315","id":"b15-l315","source":"καί κε μνηστήρεσσιν ὑπερφιάλοισι μιγείην,","translation":"and I might mingle among the overbearing suitors,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l315.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καί","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"κε","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(potential particle)"},{"surface":"μνηστήρεσσιν","lemma":"μνηστήρ","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"object of μιγείην","gloss":"the suitors"},{"surface":"ὑπερφιάλοισι","lemma":"ὑπερφίαλος","morphology":"dative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies μνηστήρεσσιν","gloss":"overbearing"},{"surface":"μιγείην","lemma":"μίγνυμι","morphology":"aorist passive optative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I might mingle","note":"aorist passive optative of μίγνυμι, 'be mixed among/join'"}]},{"number":316,"label":"316","id":"b15-l316","source":"εἴ μοι δεῖπνον δοῖεν ὀνείατα μυρίʼ ἔχοντες.","translation":"in case they give me a meal, having boundless plenty.","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l316.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εἴ","lemma":"εἰ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"in case"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of δοῖεν","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"δεῖπνον","lemma":"δεῖπνον","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of δοῖεν","gloss":"a meal"},{"surface":"δοῖεν","lemma":"δίδωμι","morphology":"aorist active optative, 3rd plural verb","role":"adverbial to εἴ","gloss":"they might give"},{"surface":"ὀνείατα","lemma":"ὄνειαρ","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἔχοντες","gloss":"provisions"},{"surface":"μυρί","lemma":"μυρίος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies ὀνείατα","gloss":"countless"},{"surface":"ἔχοντες","lemma":"ἔχω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative plural masculine","role":"adverbial to δοῖεν","gloss":"having"}]},{"number":317,"label":"317","id":"b15-l317","source":"αἶψά κεν εὖ δρώοιμι μετὰ σφίσιν ἅσσʼ ἐθέλοιεν.","translation":"Soon I would serve them well in whatever they might wish.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l317.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αἶψά","lemma":"αἶψα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to δρώοιμι","gloss":"quickly"},{"surface":"κεν","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(potential particle)"},{"surface":"εὖ","lemma":"εὖ","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to δρώοιμι","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"δρώοιμι","lemma":"δράω","morphology":"present active optative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I would do","note":"epic optative δρώοιμι, dialect variant of δρῴην from δράω"},{"surface":"μετὰ","lemma":"μετά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"σφίσιν","lemma":"σφεῖς","morphology":"dative plural masculine pronoun","role":"adverbial to μετὰ","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"ἅσσ","lemma":"ὅστις","morphology":"accusative plural neuter pronoun","role":"object of ἐθέλοιεν","gloss":"whatever"},{"surface":"ἐθέλοιεν","lemma":"ἐθέλω","morphology":"present active optative, 3rd plural verb","role":"object of δρώοιμι","gloss":"they might wish"}]},{"number":318,"label":"318","id":"b15-l318","source":"ἐκ γάρ τοι ἐρέω, σὺ δὲ σύνθεο καί μευ ἄκουσον·","translation":"For I will tell you plainly, and you mark it and hear me:","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l318.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐκ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"plainly","note":"ἐκ here adverbial, 'out plainly', with ἐρέω = 'tell outright'"},{"surface":"γάρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"object of ἐρέω","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"ἐρέω","lemma":"ἐρῶ","morphology":"future active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I will tell"},{"surface":"σὺ","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"nominative singular pronoun","role":"subject of καί","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"σύνθεο","lemma":"συντίθημι","morphology":"aorist middle imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"take to heart","note":"middle imperative of συντίθημι, 'put together for yourself' = heed"},{"surface":"καί","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μευ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"genitive singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἄκουσον","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"ἄκουσον","lemma":"ἀκούω","morphology":"aorist active imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"hear"}]},{"number":319,"label":"319","id":"b15-l319","source":"Ἑρμείαο ἕκητι διακτόρου, ὅς ῥά τε πάντων","translation":"by the favor of Hermes the guide, who upon all","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l319.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"διακτόρου","title":"Hermes the guide","body":"διάκτορος is a cult-title of Hermes, usually rendered 'guide' or 'messenger.' Hermes grants grace and renown to men's labors."}],"words":[{"surface":"Ἑρμείαο","lemma":"ʽἑρμῆς","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies ἕκητι","gloss":"of Hermes","note":"genitive after ἕκητι, 'by favor of'"},{"surface":"ἕκητι","lemma":"ἕκητι","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐρίσσειε","gloss":"by the favor"},{"surface":"διακτόρου","lemma":"διάκτορος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies Ἑρμείαο","gloss":"the guide","note":"epithet διάκτορος, 'the Guide/Messenger', standing title of Hermes"},{"surface":"ὅς","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ὀπάζει","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"ῥά","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"(epic particle)"},{"surface":"πάντων","lemma":"πᾶς","morphology":"genitive plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἀνθρώπων","gloss":"of all"}]},{"number":320,"label":"320","id":"b15-l320","source":"ἀνθρώπων ἔργοισι χάριν καὶ κῦδος ὀπάζει,","translation":"men's labors bestows grace and glory,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l320.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀνθρώπων","lemma":"ἄνθρωπος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies ἔργοισι","gloss":"of men"},{"surface":"ἔργοισι","lemma":"ἔργον","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ὀπάζει","gloss":"on the labors"},{"surface":"χάριν","lemma":"χάρις","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"grace"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"κῦδος","lemma":"κῦδος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"glory"},{"surface":"ὀπάζει","lemma":"ὀπάζω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing Ἑρμείαο","gloss":"bestows"}]},{"number":321,"label":"321","id":"b15-l321","source":"δρηστοσύνῃ οὐκ ἄν μοι ἐρίσσειε βροτὸς ἄλλος,","translation":"in service no other mortal could rival me:","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l321.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δρηστοσύνῃ","lemma":"δρηστοσύνη","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ,","gloss":"in service"},{"surface":"οὐκ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ἄν","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(potential particle)"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἐρίσσειε","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"ἐρίσσειε","lemma":"ἐρίζω","morphology":"aorist active optative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"could rival","note":"potential optative with ἄν, 'no mortal would rival'"},{"surface":"βροτὸς","lemma":"βροτός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἐρίσσειε","gloss":"a mortal"},{"surface":"ἄλλος","lemma":"ἄλλος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies βροτὸς","gloss":"other"}]},{"number":322,"label":"322","id":"b15-l322","source":"πῦρ τʼ εὖ νηῆσαι διά τε ξύλα δανὰ κεάσσαι,","translation":"to lay a fire well, to split dry wood,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l322.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πῦρ","lemma":"πῦρ","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of νηῆσαι","gloss":"a fire"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"εὖ","lemma":"εὖ","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to νηῆσαι","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"νηῆσαι","lemma":"νηέω","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"to heap up","note":"epic aorist infinitive νηῆσαι, 'to pile/lay' (a fire)"},{"surface":"διά","lemma":"διά","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(intensifying)"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"(epic particle)"},{"surface":"ξύλα","lemma":"ξύλον","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of κεάσσαι","gloss":"wood"},{"surface":"δανὰ","lemma":"δανός","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies ξύλα","gloss":"dry"},{"surface":"κεάσσαι","lemma":"κεάζω","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"to split"}]},{"number":323,"label":"323","id":"b15-l323","source":"δαιτρεῦσαί τε καὶ ὀπτῆσαι καὶ οἰνοχοῆσαι,","translation":"to carve and roast the meat, and to pour the wine,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l323.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δαιτρεῦσαί","lemma":"δαιτρεύω","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"to carve","note":"δαιτρεύω, technical verb for carving meat at a feast"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὀπτῆσαι","lemma":"ὀπτάω","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"to roast"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"οἰνοχοῆσαι","lemma":"οἰνοχοέω","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"to pour wine"}]},{"number":324,"label":"324","id":"b15-l324","source":"οἷά τε τοῖς ἀγαθοῖσι παραδρώωσι χέρηες.","translation":"such tasks as lesser men perform for their betters.\"","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l324.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οἷά","lemma":"οἷος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of παραδρώωσι","gloss":"such things as"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"(epic particle)"},{"surface":"τοῖς","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"article","role":"modifies ἀγαθοῖσι","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ἀγαθοῖσι","lemma":"ἀγαθός","morphology":"dative plural masculine adjective","role":"object of παραδρώωσι","gloss":"good men"},{"surface":"παραδρώωσι","lemma":"παραδράω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"verb of a clause describing καὶ","gloss":"serve","note":"epic verb παραδράω, 'wait upon/serve alongside'"},{"surface":"χέρηες","lemma":"χερείων","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of παραδρώωσι","gloss":"lesser men","note":"comparative χερείων, 'inferior/lesser', archaic comparative of κακός"}]},{"number":325,"label":"325","id":"b15-l325","source":"τὸν δὲ μέγʼ ὀχθήσας προσέφης, Εὔμαιε συβῶτα·","translation":"Then, deeply troubled, you answered him, Eumaeus the swineherd:","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l325.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"προσέφης, Εὔμαιε","title":"Address to Eumaeus","body":"Homer repeatedly addresses Eumaeus in the second person ('you answered'), a rare and intimate vocative apostrophe reserved for a few sympathetic characters."}],"words":[{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of προσέφης","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μέγ","lemma":"μέγας","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to ὀχθήσας","gloss":"greatly"},{"surface":"ὀχθήσας","lemma":"ὀχθέω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to προσέφης","gloss":"troubled","note":"aorist participle of ὀχθέω, 'vexed/deeply stirred'"},{"surface":"προσέφης","lemma":"πρόσφημι","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"you answered","note":"formulaic epic address προσέφης, 'you spoke to'"},{"surface":"Εὔμαιε","lemma":"εὔμαιος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"Eumaeus"},{"surface":"συβῶτα","lemma":"συβώτης","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies Εὔμαιε","gloss":"swineherd"}]},{"number":326,"label":"326","id":"b15-l326","source":"ὤ μοι, ξεῖνε, τίη τοι ἐνὶ φρεσὶ τοῦτο νόημα","translation":"\"Ah, stranger, why has this notion come into your mind?","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l326.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὤ","lemma":"ὦ","morphology":"exclamation","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"ah"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"(exclamatory dative)"},{"surface":"ξεῖνε","lemma":"ξένος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"stranger"},{"surface":"τίη","lemma":"τίη","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἔπλετο","gloss":"why","note":"epic interrogative τίη, 'why in the world'"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"modifies φρεσὶ","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"φρεσὶ","lemma":"φρήν","morphology":"dative plural noun","role":"adverbial to ἐνὶ","gloss":"mind"},{"surface":"τοῦτο","lemma":"οὗτος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies νόημα","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"νόημα","lemma":"νόημα","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"subject of ἔπλετο","gloss":"notion"}]},{"number":327,"label":"327","id":"b15-l327","source":"ἔπλετο; ἦ σύ γε πάγχυ λιλαίεαι αὐτόθʼ ὀλέσθαι.","translation":"Surely you are bent on perishing utterly there,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l327.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔπλετο","lemma":"πέλω","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"has come","note":"epic ἔπλετο (πέλω), 'has arisen/come to be'"},{"surface":"ἦ","lemma":"ἦ","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"truly"},{"surface":"σύ","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"nominative singular pronoun","role":"subject of λιλαίεαι","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"γε","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"πάγχυ","lemma":"πάγχυ","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ὀλέσθαι","gloss":"utterly"},{"surface":"λιλαίεαι","lemma":"λιλαίομαι","morphology":"present middle indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"long","note":"λιλαίομαι, 'yearn/be eager for', ironic here—eager to perish"},{"surface":"αὐτόθ","lemma":"αὐτόθι","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ὀλέσθαι","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"ὀλέσθαι","lemma":"ὄλλυμι","morphology":"aorist middle infinitive","role":"object of λιλαίεαι","gloss":"to perish"}]},{"number":328,"label":"328","id":"b15-l328","source":"εἰ δὴ μνηστήρων ἐθέλεις καταδῦναι ὅμιλον,","translation":"if you mean to plunge into the throng of the suitors,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l328.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εἰ","lemma":"εἰ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"δὴ","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"μνηστήρων","lemma":"μνηστήρ","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies ὅμιλον","gloss":"of the suitors"},{"surface":"ἐθέλεις","lemma":"ἐθέλω","morphology":"present active indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"adverbial to εἰ","gloss":"you wish"},{"surface":"καταδῦναι","lemma":"καταδύω","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"object of ἐθέλεις","gloss":"to plunge into"},{"surface":"ὅμιλον","lemma":"ὅμιλος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of καταδῦναι","gloss":"the throng"}]},{"number":329,"label":"329","id":"b15-l329","source":"τῶν ὕβρις τε βίη τε σιδήρεον οὐρανὸν ἵκει.","translation":"whose violence and insolence reach the iron sky.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l329.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"σιδήρεον οὐρανὸν ἵκει","title":"Reaching the iron sky","body":"Saying that the suitors' arrogance 'reaches the iron sky' is a hyperbolic Homeric image for boundless, heaven-high excess."}],"words":[{"surface":"τῶν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"genitive plural masculine pronoun","role":"modifies τε","gloss":"whose"},{"surface":"ὕβρις","lemma":"ὕβρις","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of τε","gloss":"insolence"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"βίη","lemma":"βία","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of τε","gloss":"violence"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"σιδήρεον","lemma":"σιδήρεος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies οὐρανὸν","gloss":"iron"},{"surface":"οὐρανὸν","lemma":"οὐρανός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἵκει","gloss":"sky","note":"hyperbolic epic image, 'reaches the iron heaven', for extreme excess"},{"surface":"ἵκει","lemma":"ἵκω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing μνηστήρων","gloss":"reaches"}]},{"number":330,"label":"330","id":"b15-l330","source":"οὔ τοι τοιοίδʼ εἰσὶν ὑποδρηστῆρες ἐκείνων,","translation":"Their servants are not men of your kind:","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l330.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οὔ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"τοι","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"surely"},{"surface":"τοιοίδ","lemma":"τοιόσδε","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"such"},{"surface":"εἰσὶν","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"are"},{"surface":"ὑποδρηστῆρες","lemma":"ὑποδρηστήρ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of εἰσὶν","gloss":"attendants","note":"ὑποδρηστήρ, 'under-servant', the suitors' own retainers"},{"surface":"ἐκείνων","lemma":"ἐκεῖνος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies ὑποδρηστῆρες","gloss":"of those men"}]},{"number":331,"label":"331","id":"b15-l331","source":"ἀλλὰ νέοι, χλαίνας εὖ εἱμένοι ἠδὲ χιτῶνας,","translation":"but young men, well clothed in cloaks and tunics,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l331.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλὰ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"νέοι","lemma":"νέος","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"young men"},{"surface":"χλαίνας","lemma":"χλαῖνα","morphology":"accusative plural feminine noun","role":"object of ἠδὲ","gloss":"cloaks"},{"surface":"εὖ","lemma":"εὖ","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to εἱμένοι","gloss":"well"},{"surface":"εἱμένοι","lemma":"ἕννυμι","morphology":"perfect passive participle, nominative plural masculine","role":"modifies δὲ","gloss":"clothed","note":"perfect passive participle ἕννυμι, 'dressed/clad', durative sense"},{"surface":"ἠδὲ","lemma":"ἠδέ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"χιτῶνας","lemma":"χιτών","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"object of ἠδὲ","gloss":"tunics"}]},{"number":332,"label":"332","id":"b15-l332","source":"αἰεὶ δὲ λιπαροὶ κεφαλὰς καὶ καλὰ πρόσωπα,","translation":"their heads always glistening with oil and their faces handsome,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l332.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αἰεὶ","lemma":"ἀεί","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to λιπαροὶ","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"λιπαροὶ","lemma":"λιπαρός","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies δὲ","gloss":"sleek","note":"λιπαρός, 'glistening with oil', mark of pampered youths"},{"surface":"κεφαλὰς","lemma":"κεφαλή","morphology":"accusative plural feminine noun","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"as to heads"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"καλὰ","lemma":"καλός","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies πρόσωπα","gloss":"handsome"},{"surface":"πρόσωπα","lemma":"πρόσωπον","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"faces"}]},{"number":333,"label":"333","id":"b15-l333","source":"οἵ σφιν ὑποδρώωσιν· ἐΰξεστοι δὲ τράπεζαι","translation":"these are the ones who serve them; and the polished tables","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l333.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οἵ","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ὑποδρώωσιν","gloss":"they who"},{"surface":"σφιν","lemma":"σφεῖς","morphology":"dative plural masculine pronoun","role":"object of ὑποδρώωσιν","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"ὑποδρώωσιν","lemma":"ὑποδρώω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ὑποδρηστῆρες","gloss":"serve","note":"epic ὑποδρώω, 'wait on/serve under'"},{"surface":"ἐΰξεστοι","lemma":"εὔξεστος","morphology":"nominative plural feminine adjective","role":"modifies τράπεζαι","gloss":"well-polished"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τράπεζαι","lemma":"τράπεζα","morphology":"nominative plural feminine noun","role":"subject of βεβρίθασιν","gloss":"tables"}]},{"number":334,"label":"334","id":"b15-l334","source":"σίτου καὶ κρειῶν ἠδʼ οἴνου βεβρίθασιν.","translation":"are laden with bread and meat and wine.","scansion":"—— | —— | —— | —— | —— | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l334.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"σίτου","lemma":"σῖτος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἠδ᾽","gloss":"with bread"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"κρειῶν","lemma":"κρέας","morphology":"genitive plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἠδ᾽","gloss":"meat"},{"surface":"ἠδ","lemma":"ἠδέ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"οἴνου","lemma":"οἶνος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἠδ᾽","gloss":"wine"},{"surface":"βεβρίθασιν","lemma":"βρίθω","morphology":"perfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"are laden","note":"perfect of βρίθω, 'are weighed down/heavy with'"}]},{"number":335,"label":"335","id":"b15-l335","source":"ἀλλὰ μένʼ· οὐ γάρ τίς τοι ἀνιᾶται παρεόντι,","translation":"No, stay here; no one is troubled by your presence,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l335.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλὰ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"μέν","lemma":"μένω","morphology":"present active imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"stay","note":"present imperative μένε, elided to μέν᾽ before οὐ"},{"surface":"οὐ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"γάρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"τίς","lemma":"τις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἀνιᾶται","gloss":"anyone"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"object of ,","gloss":"by you"},{"surface":"ἀνιᾶται","lemma":"ἀνιάω","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"is troubled"},{"surface":"παρεόντι","lemma":"πάρειμι","morphology":"present active participle, dative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"being present"}]},{"number":336,"label":"336","id":"b15-l336","source":"οὔτʼ ἐγὼ οὔτε τις ἄλλος ἑταίρων, οἵ μοι ἔασιν.","translation":"neither I nor any other of the companions I have.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l336.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐγὼ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"τις","lemma":"τις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject","gloss":"anyone"},{"surface":"ἄλλος","lemma":"ἄλλος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies τις","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"ἑταίρων","lemma":"ἑταῖρος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies τις","gloss":"of companions"},{"surface":"οἵ","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἔασιν","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἔασιν","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"ἔασιν","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ἑταίρων","gloss":"are","note":"epic ἔασιν = εἰσίν, 'are', third-plural of εἰμί"}]},{"number":337,"label":"337","id":"b15-l337","source":"αὐτὰρ ἐπὴν ἔλθῃσιν Ὀδυσσῆος φίλος υἱός,","translation":"But when the dear son of Odysseus comes,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l337.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἐπὴν","lemma":"ἐπήν","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"when","note":"ἐπήν = ἐπεί + ἄν, 'whenever' with subjunctive for a future condition"},{"surface":"ἔλθῃσιν","lemma":"ἔρχομαι","morphology":"aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ἐπὴν","gloss":"comes"},{"surface":"Ὀδυσσῆος","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies υἱός","gloss":"of Odysseus"},{"surface":"φίλος","lemma":"φίλος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies υἱός","gloss":"dear"},{"surface":"υἱός","lemma":"υἱός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἔλθῃσιν","gloss":"son"}]},{"number":338,"label":"338","id":"b15-l338","source":"κεῖνός σε χλαῖνάν τε χιτῶνά τε εἵματα ἕσσει,","translation":"he will clothe you with a cloak and tunic for garments,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l338.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"κεῖνός","lemma":"κεῖνος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"subject of δ᾽","gloss":"that man","note":"κεῖνος refers back to the son (Telemachus) just mentioned in the previous line, kept vivid/deictic rather than a plain pronoun"},{"surface":"σε","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"accusative singular pronoun","role":"object of δ᾽","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"χλαῖνάν","lemma":"χλαῖνα","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object","gloss":"cloak"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"χιτῶνά","lemma":"χιτών","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object","gloss":"tunic"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"εἵματα","lemma":"εἷμα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object","gloss":"garments"},{"surface":"ἕσσει","lemma":"ἕννυμι","morphology":"future active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"will clothe","note":"ἕσσει, future of ἕννυμι 'to clothe', governs a double accusative (you + garments)"}]},{"number":339,"label":"339","id":"b15-l339","source":"πέμψει δʼ ὅππη σε κραδίη θυμός τε κελεύει.","translation":"and he will send you wherever your heart and spirit bid you.\"","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l339.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πέμψει","lemma":"πέμπω","morphology":"future active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"will send"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὅππη","lemma":"ὅπη","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial","gloss":"wherever"},{"surface":"σε","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"accusative singular pronoun","role":"subject","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"κραδίη","lemma":"καρδία","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of κελεύει","gloss":"heart"},{"surface":"θυμός","lemma":"θυμός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of κελεύει","gloss":"spirit"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"κελεύει","lemma":"κελεύω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"object of πέμψει","gloss":"bids","note":"κραδίη θυμός τε: heart and spirit paired as compound subject, epic doubling for inner will"}]},{"number":340,"label":"340","id":"b15-l340","source":"τὸν δʼ ἠμείβετʼ ἔπειτα πολύτλας δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς·","translation":"Then much-enduring noble Odysseus answered him:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l340.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"πολύτλας δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς","title":"Standing epithet","body":"\"Much-enduring noble Odysseus\" is a fixed metrical formula used to fill the line's end. The whole noun-epithet phrase functions as the subject in the nominative."}],"words":[{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἠμείβετ᾽","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἠμείβετ","lemma":"ἀμείβω","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"answered"},{"surface":"ἔπειτα","lemma":"ἔπειτα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἠμείβετ᾽","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"πολύτλας","lemma":"πολύτλας","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ὀδυσσεύς","gloss":"much-enduring","note":"πολύτλας δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς is a fixed Homeric epithet-formula marking speech transitions"},{"surface":"δῖος","lemma":"δῖος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ὀδυσσεύς","gloss":"noble"},{"surface":"Ὀδυσσεύς","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἠμείβετ᾽","gloss":"Odysseus"}]},{"number":341,"label":"341","id":"b15-l341","source":"αἴθʼ οὕτως, Εὔμαιε, φίλος Διὶ πατρὶ γένοιο","translation":"\"May you, Eumaeus, become as dear to father Zeus","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l341.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"γένοιο","title":"Optative of wish","body":"γένοιο is an aorist optative expressing a wish: \"may you become.\" The particle αἴθʼ (would that) marks it as a prayer."}],"words":[{"surface":"αἴθ","lemma":"εἴθε","morphology":"exclamation","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"would that"},{"surface":"οὕτως","lemma":"οὕτως","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to γένοιο","gloss":"thus"},{"surface":"Εὔμαιε","lemma":"Εὔμαιος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"Eumaeus"},{"surface":"φίλος","lemma":"φίλος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"dear"},{"surface":"Διὶ","lemma":"Ζεύς","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies φίλος","gloss":"to Zeus"},{"surface":"πατρὶ","lemma":"πατήρ","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies Διὶ","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"γένοιο","lemma":"γίγνομαι","morphology":"aorist middle optative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"may you become","note":"aorist optative γένοιο with αἴθε expresses a wish, 'would that you become'"}]},{"number":342,"label":"342","id":"b15-l342","source":"ὡς ἐμοί, ὅττι μʼ ἔπαυσας ἄλης καὶ ὀϊζύος αἰνῆς.","translation":"as you are to me, since you have ended my wandering and bitter misery.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l342.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὡς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"conjunction","role":"adverbial","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"ἐμοί","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"ὅττι","lemma":"ὅτι","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"since","note":"ὅττι here means 'because', causal not interrogative 'what'"},{"surface":"μ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἔπαυσας","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"ἔπαυσας","lemma":"παύω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ὅττι","gloss":"you ended"},{"surface":"ἄλης","lemma":"ἄλη","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"wandering"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὀϊζύος","lemma":"ὀιζύς","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"misery"},{"surface":"αἰνῆς","lemma":"αἰνός","morphology":"genitive singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies ὀϊζύος","gloss":"bitter"}]},{"number":343,"label":"343","id":"b15-l343","source":"πλαγκτοσύνης δʼ οὐκ ἔστι κακώτερον ἄλλο βροτοῖσιν·","translation":"There is nothing worse for mortals than vagrancy;","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l343.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πλαγκτοσύνης","lemma":"πλαγκτοσύνη","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies κακώτερον","gloss":"vagrancy","note":"πλαγκτοσύνη, an abstract noun for wandering/homelessness, rare and pointed word"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"οὐκ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ἔστι","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"there is"},{"surface":"κακώτερον","lemma":"κακός","morphology":"nominative singular neuter comparative adjective","role":"modifies ἄλλο","gloss":"worse"},{"surface":"ἄλλο","lemma":"ἄλλος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"subject of ἔστι","gloss":"other thing"},{"surface":"βροτοῖσιν","lemma":"βροτός","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"object of ἔστι","gloss":"for mortals"}]},{"number":344,"label":"344","id":"b15-l344","source":"ἀλλʼ ἕνεκʼ οὐλομένης γαστρὸς κακὰ κήδεʼ ἔχουσιν","translation":"but for the sake of the accursed belly men endure cruel troubles,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l344.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἕνεκ","lemma":"ἕνεκα","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"for the sake of"},{"surface":"οὐλομένης","lemma":"οὐλόμενος","morphology":"genitive singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies γαστρὸς","gloss":"cursed","note":"οὐλομένης, 'accursed/destructive', a strong epic curse-word applied to the belly's demands"},{"surface":"γαστρὸς","lemma":"γαστήρ","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἕνεκ᾽","gloss":"belly"},{"surface":"κακὰ","lemma":"κακός","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies κήδε᾽","gloss":"cruel"},{"surface":"κήδε","lemma":"κῆδος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἔχουσιν","gloss":"troubles"},{"surface":"ἔχουσιν","lemma":"ἔχω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"they have"}]},{"number":345,"label":"345","id":"b15-l345","source":"ἀνέρες, ὅν τινʼ ἵκηται ἄλη καὶ πῆμα καὶ ἄλγος.","translation":"any man whom wandering and suffering and grief have reached.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l345.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀνέρες","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of ἔχουσιν","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"ὅν","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἵκηται","gloss":"whom"},{"surface":"τιν","lemma":"τις","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"modifies ὅν","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"ἵκηται","lemma":"ἱκνέομαι","morphology":"aorist medio-passive subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ἀνέρες","gloss":"reaches","note":"aorist subjunctive ἵκηται in a general relative clause, 'whomever it reaches' (indefinite/iterative sense)"},{"surface":"ἄλη","lemma":"ἄλη","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"wandering"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"πῆμα","lemma":"πῆμα","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"suffering"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἄλγος","lemma":"ἄλγος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"grief"}]},{"number":346,"label":"346","id":"b15-l346","source":"νῦν δʼ ἐπεὶ ἰσχανάᾳς μεῖναι τέ με κεῖνον ἄνωγας,","translation":"But now, since you detain me and bid me wait for him,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l346.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"νῦν","lemma":"νῦν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to εἴπ᾽","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἐπεὶ","lemma":"ἐπεί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"ἰσχανάᾳς","lemma":"ἰσχανάω","morphology":"present active indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"adverbial to τέ","gloss":"you detain"},{"surface":"μεῖναι","lemma":"μένω","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"object of ἄνωγας","gloss":"to wait"},{"surface":"τέ","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"accusative singular pronoun","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"με","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of μεῖναι","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"κεῖνον","lemma":"ἐκεῖνος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"object of μεῖναι","gloss":"for him"},{"surface":"ἄνωγας","lemma":"ἄνωγα","morphology":"perfect active indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"adverbial to τέ","gloss":"you bid","note":"ἄνωγα is a perfect with present force, 'I command/bid', common Homeric idiom"}]},{"number":347,"label":"347","id":"b15-l347","source":"εἴπʼ ἄγε μοι περὶ μητρὸς Ὀδυσσῆος θείοιο","translation":"come, tell me about the mother of noble Odysseus","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l347.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εἴπ","lemma":"εἶπον","morphology":"aorist active imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"tell"},{"surface":"ἄγε","lemma":"ἄγε","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"come","note":"ἄγε as interjection, 'come now', urging attention before a request"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of εἴπ᾽","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"περὶ","lemma":"περί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"about"},{"surface":"μητρὸς","lemma":"μήτηρ","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"object of θ᾽","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"Ὀδυσσῆος","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies θ᾽","gloss":"of Odysseus"},{"surface":"θείοιο","lemma":"θεῖος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ὀδυσσῆος","gloss":"noble"}]},{"number":348,"label":"348","id":"b15-l348","source":"πατρός θʼ, ὃν κατέλειπεν ἰὼν ἐπὶ γήραος οὐδῷ,","translation":"and his father, whom he left behind on the threshold of old age when he went away,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l348.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πατρός","lemma":"πατήρ","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to θ᾽","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"θ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὃν","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of κατέλειπεν","gloss":"whom"},{"surface":"κατέλειπεν","lemma":"καταλείπω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing πατρός","gloss":"he left behind"},{"surface":"ἰὼν","lemma":"εἶμι","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to κατέλειπεν","gloss":"going"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"γήραος","lemma":"γῆρας","morphology":"genitive singular neuter noun","role":"modifies οὐδῷ","gloss":"of old age"},{"surface":"οὐδῷ","lemma":"οὐδός","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἐπὶ","gloss":"threshold","note":"γήραος οὐδῷ, 'threshold of old age', a vivid Homeric metaphor for advanced years"}]},{"number":349,"label":"349","id":"b15-l349","source":"ἤ που ἔτι ζώουσιν ὑπʼ αὐγὰς ἠελίοιο,","translation":"whether they still live perhaps beneath the rays of the sun,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l349.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἤ","lemma":"ἤ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"που","lemma":"πού","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"perhaps"},{"surface":"ἔτι","lemma":"ἔτι","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ζώουσιν","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"ζώουσιν","lemma":"ζώω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"object of ἦ","gloss":"they live"},{"surface":"ὑπ","lemma":"ὑπό","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"beneath"},{"surface":"αὐγὰς","lemma":"αὐγή","morphology":"accusative plural feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ὑπ᾽","gloss":"rays"},{"surface":"ἠελίοιο","lemma":"ἠέλιος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies αὐγὰς","gloss":"of the sun","note":"ὑπ᾽ αὐγὰς ἠελίοιο, formulaic phrase for 'still alive, in the light of day'"}]},{"number":350,"label":"350","id":"b15-l350","source":"ἦ ἤδη τεθνᾶσι καὶ εἰν Ἀΐδαο δόμοισι.","translation":"or are already dead and in the house of Hades.\"","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l350.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἦ","lemma":"ἤ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"ἤδη","lemma":"ἤδη","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to τεθνᾶσι","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"τεθνᾶσι","lemma":"θνήσκω","morphology":"perfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"they are dead"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"εἰν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"Ἀΐδαο","lemma":"ᾍδης","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies δόμοισι","gloss":"of Hades"},{"surface":"δόμοισι","lemma":"δόμος","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"adverbial","gloss":"house","note":"δόμοισι Ἀΐδαο, 'house of Hades', standard epic euphemism for the underworld/death"}]},{"number":351,"label":"351","id":"b15-l351","source":"τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε συβώτης, ὄρχαμος ἀνδρῶν·","translation":"Then the swineherd, leader of men, answered him:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l351.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of προσέειπε","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"αὖτε","lemma":"αὖτε","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"in turn"},{"surface":"προσέειπε","lemma":"προσεῖπον","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"answered"},{"surface":"συβώτης","lemma":"συβώτης","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"swineherd"},{"surface":"ὄρχαμος","lemma":"ὄρχαμος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"leader","note":"ὄρχαμος ἀνδρῶν, honorific formula 'leader of men' applied to Eumaeus despite his humble station"},{"surface":"ἀνδρῶν","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies ὄρχαμος","gloss":"of men"}]},{"number":352,"label":"352","id":"b15-l352","source":"τοιγὰρ ἐγώ τοι, ξεῖνε, μάλʼ ἀτρεκέως ἀγορεύσω.","translation":"\"Well then, stranger, I will tell you the whole truth.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l352.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τοιγὰρ","lemma":"τοιγάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"well then"},{"surface":"ἐγώ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἀγορεύσω","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"object of ἀγορεύσω","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"ξεῖνε","lemma":"ξένος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"stranger"},{"surface":"μάλ","lemma":"μάλα","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"ἀτρεκέως","lemma":"ἀτρεκής","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἀγορεύσω","gloss":"truthfully"},{"surface":"ἀγορεύσω","lemma":"ἀγορεύω","morphology":"future active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I will tell"}]},{"number":353,"label":"353","id":"b15-l353","source":"Λαέρτης μὲν ἔτι ζώει, Διὶ δʼ εὔχεται αἰεὶ","translation":"Laertes still lives, but always prays to Zeus","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l353.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Λαέρτης","lemma":"Λαέρτης","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ζώει","gloss":"Laertes"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ἔτι","lemma":"ἔτι","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ζώει","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"ζώει","lemma":"ζώω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"lives"},{"surface":"Διὶ","lemma":"Ζεύς","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object of εὔχεται","gloss":"to Zeus"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"εὔχεται","lemma":"εὔχομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"prays","note":"εὔχεται here means 'prays', middle voice of εὔχομαι directed to Zeus"},{"surface":"αἰεὶ","lemma":"ἀεί","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to εὔχεται","gloss":"always"}]},{"number":354,"label":"354","id":"b15-l354","source":"θυμὸν ἀπὸ μελέων φθίσθαι οἷς ἐν μεγάροισιν·","translation":"that the spirit may waste from his limbs there in his halls;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l354.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"θυμὸν","lemma":"θυμός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of φθίσθαι","gloss":"spirit"},{"surface":"ἀπὸ","lemma":"ἀπό","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"μελέων","lemma":"μέλος","morphology":"genitive plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ἀπὸ","gloss":"limbs"},{"surface":"φθίσθαι","lemma":"φθίω","morphology":"aorist middle infinitive","role":"object of εὔχεται","gloss":"to waste away","note":"φθίσθαι, complementary infinitive after εὔχεται: 'prays that his spirit waste away' — a prayer for death"},{"surface":"οἷς","lemma":"ἑός","morphology":"dative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies μεγάροισιν","gloss":"his own"},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"μεγάροισιν","lemma":"μέγαρον","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ἐν","gloss":"halls"}]},{"number":355,"label":"355","id":"b15-l355","source":"ἐκπάγλως γὰρ παιδὸς ὀδύρεται οἰχομένοιο","translation":"for terribly does he mourn his departed son","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l355.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐκπάγλως","lemma":"ἔκπαγλος","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ὀδύρεται","gloss":"terribly"},{"surface":"γὰρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"παιδὸς","lemma":"παῖς","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"object of τ᾽","gloss":"son"},{"surface":"ὀδύρεται","lemma":"ὀδύρομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"he mourns"},{"surface":"οἰχομένοιο","lemma":"οἴχομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, genitive singular masculine","role":"modifies παιδὸς","gloss":"departed","note":"οἰχομένοιο, participle of οἴχομαι 'to be gone', a gentle epic euphemism for death"}]},{"number":356,"label":"356","id":"b15-l356","source":"κουριδίης τʼ ἀλόχοιο δαΐφρονος, ἥ ἑ μάλιστα","translation":"and his wedded wife, the wise one, who most of all","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l356.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"κουριδίης","lemma":"κουρίδιος","morphology":"genitive singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies ἀλόχοιο","gloss":"wedded"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἀλόχοιο","lemma":"ἄλοχος","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"object of τ᾽","gloss":"wife"},{"surface":"δαΐφρονος","lemma":"δαίφρων","morphology":"genitive singular adjective","role":"modifies ἀλόχοιο","gloss":"wise-hearted","note":"δαΐφρων, 'battle-wise/keen-minded', an epithet of praise for intelligence"},{"surface":"ἥ","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"ἑ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"μάλιστα","lemma":"μάλιστα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἤκαχ᾽","gloss":"most of all"}]},{"number":357,"label":"357","id":"b15-l357","source":"ἤκαχʼ ἀποφθιμένη καὶ ἐν ὠμῷ γήραϊ θῆκεν.","translation":"grieved him by her death and brought him to raw old age.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l357.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ὠμῷ γήραϊ","title":"Raw old age","body":"ὠμός literally means \"raw, unripe,\" here transferred to old age to mean a premature, harsh aging brought on by grief."}],"words":[{"surface":"ἤκαχ","lemma":"ἀχεύω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing καὶ","gloss":"grieved","note":"ἤκαχε, aorist of ἀχεύω 'to grieve/vex', taking ἑ (him, Laertes) as its object"},{"surface":"ἀποφθιμένη","lemma":"ἀποφθίνω","morphology":"aorist middle participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to ἤκαχ᾽","gloss":"dying"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"ὠμῷ","lemma":"ὠμός","morphology":"dative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies γήραϊ","gloss":"raw"},{"surface":"γήραϊ","lemma":"γῆρας","morphology":"dative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ἐν","gloss":"old age"},{"surface":"θῆκεν","lemma":"τίθημι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing καὶ","gloss":"brought","note":"θῆκεν, aorist of τίθημι, 'placed/brought (him) into' raw old age — idiomatic causative sense"}]},{"number":358,"label":"358","id":"b15-l358","source":"ἡ δʼ ἄχεϊ οὗ παιδὸς ἀπέφθιτο κυδαλίμοιο,","translation":"She perished in grief for her glorious son,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l358.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἡ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject of ἀπέφθιτο","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἄχεϊ","lemma":"ἄχος","morphology":"dative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ,","gloss":"in grief"},{"surface":"οὗ","lemma":"ἑός","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies παιδὸς","gloss":"her own"},{"surface":"παιδὸς","lemma":"παῖς","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies ἄχεϊ","gloss":"son"},{"surface":"ἀπέφθιτο","lemma":"ἀποφθίνω","morphology":"pluperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"perished","note":"ἀπέφθιτο, pluperfect middle of ἀποφθίνω, 'had perished' — she died of grief for Odysseus"},{"surface":"κυδαλίμοιο","lemma":"κυδάλιμος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies παιδὸς","gloss":"glorious"}]},{"number":359,"label":"359","id":"b15-l359","source":"λευγαλέῳ θανάτῳ, ὡς μὴ θάνοι ὅς τις ἐμοί γε","translation":"by a wretched death — may no one die so who, for me,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l359.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"λευγαλέῳ","lemma":"λευγαλέος","morphology":"dative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies θανάτῳ","gloss":"wretched"},{"surface":"θανάτῳ","lemma":"θάνατος","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ,","gloss":"death"},{"surface":"ὡς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to θάνοι","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"μὴ","lemma":"μή","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"θάνοι","lemma":"θνήσκω","morphology":"aorist active optative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ἀπέφθιτο","gloss":"may he die","note":"θάνοι, aorist optative expressing a wish/prayer, 'may no one die (that way)'"},{"surface":"ὅς","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"τις","lemma":"τις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"modifies ὅς","gloss":"anyone"},{"surface":"ἐμοί","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of εἴη","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"γε","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"at least"}]},{"number":360,"label":"360","id":"b15-l360","source":"ἐνθάδε ναιετάων φίλος εἴη καὶ φίλα ἔρδοι.","translation":"dwelling here, is a friend and does kind deeds.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l360.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐνθάδε","lemma":"ἐνθάδε","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of ναιετάων","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"ναιετάων","lemma":"ναιετάω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifies εἴη","gloss":"dwelling"},{"surface":"φίλος","lemma":"φίλος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"friend"},{"surface":"εἴη","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active optative, 3rd singular verb","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"may be"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"φίλα","lemma":"φίλος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of ἔρδοι","gloss":"kind deeds"},{"surface":"ἔρδοι","lemma":"ἔρδω","morphology":"present active optative, 3rd singular verb","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"may do","note":"φίλα ἔρδοι, 'do friendly things', idiom for acting kindly/loyally toward someone"}]},{"number":361,"label":"361","id":"b15-l361","source":"ὄφρα μὲν οὖν δὴ κείνη ἔην, ἀχέουσά περ ἔμπης,","translation":"So long, then, as she was alive, grieving though she was,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l361.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὄφρα","lemma":"ὄφρα","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"as long as"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"οὖν","lemma":"οὖν","morphology":"particle","role":"adverbial to ἔην","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"δὴ","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"κείνη","lemma":"ἐκεῖνος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"subject of ἔην","gloss":"that one"},{"surface":"ἔην","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ὄφρα","gloss":"was","note":"ἔην, epic imperfect of εἰμί, 'she was' (alive)"},{"surface":"ἀχέουσά","lemma":"ἀχεύω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to ἔην","gloss":"grieving"},{"surface":"περ","lemma":"πέρ","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"though"},{"surface":"ἔμπης","lemma":"ἔμπας","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἀχέουσά","gloss":"nonetheless"}]},{"number":362,"label":"362","id":"b15-l362","source":"τόφρα τί μοι φίλον ἔσκε μεταλλῆσαι καὶ ἐρέσθαι,","translation":"so long it was dear to me to inquire and ask after her,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l362.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ὄφρα μὲν ... τόφρα","title":"Correlative ὄφρα...τόφρα","body":"The pair ὄφρα (so long as) at line 361 and τόφρα (so long) here frames a \"as long as X, so long Y\" temporal construction common in Homer."}],"words":[{"surface":"τόφρα","lemma":"τόφρα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἔσκε","gloss":"so long"},{"surface":"τί","lemma":"τις","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"something"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἔσκε","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"φίλον","lemma":"φίλος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"dear"},{"surface":"ἔσκε","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"imperfect indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"it was","note":"ἔσκε, iterative imperfect ('used to be'), marking a habitual past action typical of epic narration"},{"surface":"μεταλλῆσαι","lemma":"μεταλλάω","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"to inquire"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐρέσθαι","lemma":"ἔρομαι","morphology":"aorist middle infinitive","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"to ask"}]},{"number":363,"label":"363","id":"b15-l363","source":"οὕνεκά μʼ αὐτὴ θρέψεν ἅμα Κτιμένῃ τανυπέπλῳ,","translation":"because she herself reared me alongside long-robed Ctimene,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l363.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οὕνεκά","lemma":"οὕνεκα","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"because"},{"surface":"μ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of θρέψεν","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"αὐτὴ","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"herself"},{"surface":"θρέψεν","lemma":"τρέφω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to οὕνεκά","gloss":"reared"},{"surface":"ἅμα","lemma":"ἅμα","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"together with"},{"surface":"Κτιμένῃ","lemma":"Κτιμένη","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ,","gloss":"Ctimene"},{"surface":"τανυπέπλῳ","lemma":"τανύπεπλος","morphology":"dative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies Κτιμένῃ","gloss":"long-robed","note":"τανυπέπλῳ, a decorative Homeric epithet for a woman's flowing robe, marking status/dignity"}]},{"number":364,"label":"364","id":"b15-l364","source":"θυγατέρʼ ἰφθίμῃ, τὴν ὁπλοτάτην τέκε παίδων·","translation":"her sturdy daughter, the youngest of the children she bore;","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l364.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"θυγατέρ","lemma":"θυγάτηρ","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ,","gloss":"daughter"},{"surface":"ἰφθίμῃ","lemma":"ἴφθιμος","morphology":"dative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies θυγατέρ᾽","gloss":"sturdy"},{"surface":"τὴν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular feminine pronoun","role":"object of τέκε","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"ὁπλοτάτην","lemma":"ὁπλότατος","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"youngest","note":"ὁπλοτάτην, superlative 'youngest', marking birth order among the queen's children"},{"surface":"τέκε","lemma":"τίκτω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ,","gloss":"she bore"},{"surface":"παίδων","lemma":"παῖς","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies ὁπλοτάτην","gloss":"of children"}]},{"number":365,"label":"365","id":"b15-l365","source":"τῇ ὁμοῦ ἐτρεφόμην, ὀλίγον δέ τί μʼ ἧσσον ἐτίμα.","translation":"with her I was raised, and she honored me only a little less.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l365.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τῇ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"dative singular feminine pronoun","role":"adverbial to ἐτρεφόμην","gloss":"with her"},{"surface":"ὁμοῦ","lemma":"ὁμοῦ","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐτρεφόμην","gloss":"together"},{"surface":"ἐτρεφόμην","lemma":"τρέφω","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I was raised","note":"medio-passive: 'I was being reared', not active 'I reared'"},{"surface":"ὀλίγον","lemma":"ὀλίγος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to ἧσσον","gloss":"a little"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and/but"},{"surface":"τί","lemma":"τις","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"modifies ὀλίγον","gloss":"somewhat"},{"surface":"μ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἐτίμα","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"ἧσσον","lemma":"ἥσσων","morphology":"accusative singular neuter comparative adjective","role":"adverbial to ἐτίμα","gloss":"less"},{"surface":"ἐτίμα","lemma":"τιμάω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"she honored","note":"contract verb τιμάω: ἐτίμα < ἐτίμαε, α+ε→α"}]},{"number":366,"label":"366","id":"b15-l366","source":"αὐτὰρ ἐπεί ῥʼ ἥβην πολυήρατον ἱκόμεθʼ ἄμφω,","translation":"But when we both came to the much-desired bloom of youth,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l366.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἐπεί","lemma":"ἐπεί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"ῥ","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"(particle)"},{"surface":"ἥβην","lemma":"ἥβη","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἱκόμεθ᾽","gloss":"youth"},{"surface":"πολυήρατον","lemma":"πολυήρατος","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies ἥβην","gloss":"much-desired","note":"epic compound adjective, 'much-longed-for'"},{"surface":"ἱκόμεθ","lemma":"ἱκνέομαι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 1st plural verb","role":"adverbial to ἐπεί","gloss":"we came","note":"aorist middle 1st plural, thematic second aorist (sigmatic-less) of ἱκνέομαι, not a root aorist"},{"surface":"ἄμφω","lemma":"ἄμφω","morphology":"nominative dual masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"both","note":"dual form ἄμφω, agreeing with the pair of siblings"}]},{"number":367,"label":"367","id":"b15-l367","source":"τὴν μὲν ἔπειτα Σάμηνδʼ ἔδοσαν καὶ μυρίʼ ἕλοντο,","translation":"then they gave her in marriage to Same and took countless gifts for her,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l367.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τὴν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular feminine pronoun","role":"object of ἔδοσαν","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"(particle)"},{"surface":"ἔπειτα","lemma":"ἔπειτα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"Σάμηνδ","lemma":"Σάμη","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of ἔδοσαν","gloss":"to Same","note":"-δε suffix on a place name marks motion 'to Same', an old directive case"},{"surface":"ἔδοσαν","lemma":"δίδωμι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"they gave"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μυρί","lemma":"μυρίος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of ἕλοντο","gloss":"countless gifts","note":"μυρίος = 'numberless', bride-price given in exchange for her"},{"surface":"ἕλοντο","lemma":"αἱρέω","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"they took"}]},{"number":368,"label":"368","id":"b15-l368","source":"αὐτὰρ ἐμὲ χλαῖνάν τε χιτῶνά τε εἵματʼ ἐκείνη","translation":"but as for me, she clothed me in a cloak and tunic for garments,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l368.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἐμὲ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἀμφιέσασα","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"χλαῖνάν","lemma":"χλαῖνα","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object","gloss":"cloak"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"χιτῶνά","lemma":"χιτών","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object","gloss":"tunic"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"εἵματ","lemma":"εἷμα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object","gloss":"garments","note":"εἷμα 'clothing' in apposition, summing up χλαῖναν and χιτῶνα"},{"surface":"ἐκείνη","lemma":"ἐκεῖνος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"subject of προΐαλλε","gloss":"that woman","note":"ἐκείνη is the deferred subject of προΐαλλε, the finite verb two lines later (also picked up by the intervening participles ἀμφιέσασα/δοῦσα)"}]},{"number":369,"label":"369","id":"b15-l369","source":"καλὰ μάλʼ ἀμφιέσασα, ποσὶν δʼ ὑποδήματα δοῦσα","translation":"very fine ones, and gave sandals for my feet,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l369.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καλὰ","lemma":"καλός","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies εἵματ᾽","gloss":"fine"},{"surface":"μάλ","lemma":"μάλα","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"ἀμφιέσασα","lemma":"ἀμφιάζω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to δ᾽","gloss":"clothing (me)","note":"aorist participle picking up ἐκείνη from the previous line — she is the one who dressed him"},{"surface":"ποσὶν","lemma":"πούς","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"object of δοῦσα","gloss":"on my feet"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὑποδήματα","lemma":"ὑπόδημα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of δοῦσα","gloss":"sandals"},{"surface":"δοῦσα","lemma":"δίδωμι","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to δ᾽","gloss":"giving"}]},{"number":370,"label":"370","id":"b15-l370","source":"ἀγρόνδε προΐαλλε· φίλει δέ με κηρόθι μᾶλλον.","translation":"and sent me off to the country; but in her heart she loved me even more.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l370.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀγρόνδε","lemma":"ἀγρόνδε","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of προΐαλλε","gloss":"to the country","note":"-δε directive suffix again, 'countryward'"},{"surface":"προΐαλλε","lemma":"προιάλλω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"she sent"},{"surface":"φίλει","lemma":"φιλέω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"she loved"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"με","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of φίλει","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"κηρόθι","lemma":"κηρόθι","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to φίλει","gloss":"in her heart","note":"κηρόθι, an -θι locative adverb from κῆρ 'heart'"},{"surface":"μᾶλλον","lemma":"μᾶλλον","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to φίλει","gloss":"more"}]},{"number":371,"label":"371","id":"b15-l371","source":"νῦν δʼ ἤδη τούτων ἐπιδεύομαι· ἀλλά μοι αὐτῷ","translation":"Now I lack all these things; yet for me myself","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l371.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"νῦν","lemma":"νῦν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐπιδεύομαι","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἤδη","lemma":"ἤδη","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐπιδεύομαι","gloss":"already"},{"surface":"τούτων","lemma":"οὗτος","morphology":"genitive plural neuter adjective","role":"object of ἐπιδεύομαι","gloss":"these things"},{"surface":"ἐπιδεύομαι","lemma":"ἐπιδέω","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I lack","note":"ἐπιδεύομαι + genitive: 'be in want of' governs τούτων"},{"surface":"ἀλλά","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"modifies ἔργον","gloss":"for me"},{"surface":"αὐτῷ","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"dative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"myself"}]},{"number":372,"label":"372","id":"b15-l372","source":"ἔργον ἀέξουσιν μάκαρες θεοὶ ᾧ ἐπιμίμνω·","translation":"the blessed gods make the work prosper at which I labor;","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l372.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔργον","lemma":"ἔργον","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ἀέξουσιν","gloss":"the work"},{"surface":"ἀέξουσιν","lemma":"ἀέξω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"make prosper","note":"ἀέξω 'make grow/increase', gods bless his labor"},{"surface":"μάκαρες","lemma":"μάκαρ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies θεοὶ","gloss":"blessed","note":"μάκαρ, the standard Homeric epithet for the gods"},{"surface":"θεοὶ","lemma":"θεός","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of ἀέξουσιν","gloss":"gods"},{"surface":"ᾧ","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"dative singular neuter pronoun","role":"object of ἐπιμίμνω","gloss":"which"},{"surface":"ἐπιμίμνω","lemma":"ἐπιμίμνω","morphology":"present active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ἔργον","gloss":"I attend to"}]},{"number":373,"label":"373","id":"b15-l373","source":"τῶν ἔφαγόν τʼ ἔπιόν τε καὶ αἰδοίοισιν ἔδωκα.","translation":"from this I have eaten and drunk and given to those worthy of respect.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l373.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τῶν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"genitive plural neuter pronoun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"of this"},{"surface":"ἔφαγόν","lemma":"φαγεῖν","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I ate","note":"thematic second aorist ἔφαγον (not a root aorist), suppletive with present ἐσθίω"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἔπιόν","lemma":"πίνω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I drank"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"αἰδοίοισιν","lemma":"αἰδοῖος","morphology":"dative plural masculine adjective","role":"object of ἔδωκα","gloss":"to worthy people","note":"αἰδοῖος 'deserving respect', those he shares food with"},{"surface":"ἔδωκα","lemma":"δίδωμι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I gave"}]},{"number":374,"label":"374","id":"b15-l374","source":"ἐκ δʼ ἄρα δεσποίνης οὐ μείλιχον ἔστιν ἀκοῦσαι","translation":"But from my mistress there is nothing gracious to hear,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l374.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐκ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"(particle)"},{"surface":"ἄρα","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"δεσποίνης","lemma":"δέσποινα","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐκ","gloss":"the mistress"},{"surface":"οὐ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"μείλιχον","lemma":"μείλιχος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"object","gloss":"gracious thing","note":"μείλιχος 'gentle, kindly' — nothing kind comes from her now"},{"surface":"ἔστιν","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"is"},{"surface":"ἀκοῦσαι","lemma":"ἀκούω","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"subject of ἔστιν","gloss":"to hear"}]},{"number":375,"label":"375","id":"b15-l375","source":"οὔτʼ ἔπος οὔτε τι ἔργον, ἐπεὶ κακὸν ἔμπεσεν οἴκῳ,","translation":"neither word nor any deed, since evil has fallen on the house —","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l375.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔπος","lemma":"ἔπος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object","gloss":"word"},{"surface":"τι","lemma":"τις","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"modifies ἔργον","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"ἔργον","lemma":"ἔργον","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object","gloss":"deed"},{"surface":"ἐπεὶ","lemma":"ἐπεί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"κακὸν","lemma":"κακός","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"evil"},{"surface":"ἔμπεσεν","lemma":"ἐμπίπτω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ἐπεὶ","gloss":"has fallen","note":"ἐμπίπτω + dative, 'befall a house'"},{"surface":"οἴκῳ","lemma":"οἶκος","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἔμπεσεν","gloss":"on the house"}]},{"number":376,"label":"376","id":"b15-l376","source":"ἄνδρες ὑπερφίαλοι· μέγα δὲ δμῶες χατέουσιν","translation":"the arrogant men; and greatly do the servants long","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l376.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἄνδρες","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"ὑπερφίαλοι","lemma":"ὑπερφίαλος","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἄνδρες","gloss":"arrogant","note":"ὑπερφίαλος, epic word for reckless overreach — describes the suitors"},{"surface":"μέγα","lemma":"μέγας","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to χατέουσιν","gloss":"greatly"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"δμῶες","lemma":"δμώς","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of χατέουσιν","gloss":"servants"},{"surface":"χατέουσιν","lemma":"χατέω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"they long"}]},{"number":377,"label":"377","id":"b15-l377","source":"ἀντία δεσποίνης φάσθαι καὶ ἕκαστα πυθέσθαι","translation":"to speak face to face with their mistress and learn each thing,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l377.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀντία","lemma":"ἀντίον","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to φάσθαι","gloss":"face to face","note":"ἀντίον used adverbially, 'in her presence'"},{"surface":"δεσποίνης","lemma":"δέσποινα","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies ἀντία","gloss":"the mistress"},{"surface":"φάσθαι","lemma":"φημί","morphology":"present middle infinitive","role":"object of δὲ","gloss":"to speak"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἕκαστα","lemma":"ἕκαστος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of πυθέσθαι","gloss":"each thing"},{"surface":"πυθέσθαι","lemma":"πυνθάνομαι","morphology":"aorist middle infinitive","role":"object of δὲ","gloss":"to learn"}]},{"number":378,"label":"378","id":"b15-l378","source":"καὶ φαγέμεν πιέμεν τε, ἔπειτα δὲ καί τι φέρεσθαι","translation":"and to eat and drink, and then to carry something also","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l378.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"φαγέμεν","lemma":"φαγεῖν","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"object of δὲ","gloss":"to eat","note":"epic infinitive ending -έμεν(αι), alternate to -εῖν"},{"surface":"πιέμεν","lemma":"πίνω","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"object of δὲ","gloss":"to drink"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἔπειτα","lemma":"ἔπειτα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to φέρεσθαι","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"καί","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"τι","lemma":"τις","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"object of φέρεσθαι","gloss":"something"},{"surface":"φέρεσθαι","lemma":"φέρω","morphology":"present medio-passive infinitive","role":"object of δὲ","gloss":"to carry off"}]},{"number":379,"label":"379","id":"b15-l379","source":"ἀγρόνδʼ, οἷά τε θυμὸν ἀεὶ δμώεσσιν ἰαίνει.","translation":"to the country — the kind of things that always warm the hearts of servants.\"","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l379.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀγρόνδ","lemma":"ἀγρόνδε","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of φέρεσθαι","gloss":"to the country"},{"surface":"οἷά","lemma":"οἷος","morphology":"nominative plural neuter adjective","role":"subject of ἰαίνει","gloss":"such things as","note":"οἷά τε, generalizing relative 'the sort of things that'"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"(particle)"},{"surface":"θυμὸν","lemma":"θυμός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἰαίνει","gloss":"heart"},{"surface":"ἀεὶ","lemma":"ἀεί","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἰαίνει","gloss":"always"},{"surface":"δμώεσσιν","lemma":"δμώς","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"object of ἰαίνει","gloss":"for servants"},{"surface":"ἰαίνει","lemma":"ἰαίνω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing τι","gloss":"warms"}]},{"number":380,"label":"380","id":"b15-l380","source":"τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη πολύμητις\n                  Ὀδυσσεύς·","translation":"Then resourceful Odysseus answered him in reply:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l380.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"πολύμητις Ὀδυσσεύς","title":"Resourceful Odysseus","body":"πολύμητις (\"of many devices\") is one of Odysseus' signature epithets, a fixed formula filling the verse end and marking his cleverness."}],"words":[{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of προσέφη","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"(particle)"},{"surface":"ἀπαμειβόμενος","lemma":"ἀπαμείβομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to προσέφη","gloss":"answering"},{"surface":"προσέφη","lemma":"πρόσφημι","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"he said"},{"surface":"πολύμητις","lemma":"πολύμητις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ὀδυσσεύς","gloss":"resourceful","note":"πολύμητις 'of many wiles', fixed epithet of Odysseus"},{"surface":"Ὀδυσσεύς","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of προσέφη","gloss":"Odysseus"}]},{"number":381,"label":"381","id":"b15-l381","source":"ὢ πόποι, ὡς ἄρα τυτθὸς ἐών, Εὔμαιε συβῶτα,","translation":"\"Well now, swineherd Eumaeus, so as a little child","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l381.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὢ","lemma":"ὦ","morphology":"exclamation","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"ah"},{"surface":"πόποι","lemma":"πόποι","morphology":"exclamation","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"alas","note":"ὢ πόποι, stock exclamation of surprise/dismay"},{"surface":"ὡς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἀπεπλάγχθης","gloss":"how"},{"surface":"ἄρα","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"τυτθὸς","lemma":"τυτθός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"a young child"},{"surface":"ἐών","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἀπεπλάγχθης","gloss":"being"},{"surface":"Εὔμαιε","lemma":"Εὔμαιος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"Eumaeus"},{"surface":"συβῶτα","lemma":"συβώτης","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies Εὔμαιε","gloss":"swineherd"}]},{"number":382,"label":"382","id":"b15-l382","source":"πολλὸν ἀπεπλάγχθης σῆς πατρίδος ἠδὲ τοκήων.","translation":"you were driven far from your homeland and your parents.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l382.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πολλὸν","lemma":"πολύς","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to ἀπεπλάγχθης","gloss":"far"},{"surface":"ἀπεπλάγχθης","lemma":"ἀποπλάζω","morphology":"aorist passive indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"you were driven","note":"aorist passive of ἀποπλάζω, 'be made to wander far off'"},{"surface":"σῆς","lemma":"σός","morphology":"genitive singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies πατρίδος","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"πατρίδος","lemma":"πατρίς","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἠδὲ","gloss":"homeland"},{"surface":"ἠδὲ","lemma":"ἠδέ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τοκήων","lemma":"τοκεύς","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"object of ἠδὲ","gloss":"parents"}]},{"number":383,"label":"383","id":"b15-l383","source":"ἀλλʼ ἄγε μοι τόδε εἰπὲ καὶ ἀτρεκέως κατάλεξον,","translation":"But come, tell me this and recount it truly:","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l383.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἄγε","lemma":"ἄγε","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"come","note":"ἄγε, fossilized imperative used as an interjection"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"τόδε","lemma":"ὅδε","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"object of ,","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"εἰπὲ","lemma":"εἶπον","morphology":"aorist active imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"tell"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἀτρεκέως","lemma":"ἀτρεκής","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to κατάλεξον","gloss":"truly"},{"surface":"κατάλεξον","lemma":"καταλέγω","morphology":"aorist active imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"recount"}]},{"number":384,"label":"384","id":"b15-l384","source":"ἠὲ διεπράθετο πτόλις ἀνδρῶν εὐρυάγυια,","translation":"was the wide-streeted city of men sacked","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l384.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἠὲ","lemma":"ἤ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"διεπράθετο","lemma":"διαπέρθω","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"object of ἦ","gloss":"was sacked","note":"διαπέρθω 'sack utterly', aorist passive-sense middle"},{"surface":"πτόλις","lemma":"πόλις","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of διεπράθετο","gloss":"the city"},{"surface":"ἀνδρῶν","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies πτόλις","gloss":"of men"},{"surface":"εὐρυάγυια","lemma":"εὐρυάγυια","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"modifies πτόλις","gloss":"wide-streeted","note":"εὐρυάγυια, standard Homeric city-epithet"}]},{"number":385,"label":"385","id":"b15-l385","source":"ᾗ ἔνι ναιετάασκε πατὴρ καὶ πότνια μήτηρ,","translation":"in which your father and honored mother dwelt,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l385.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ᾗ","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"dative singular feminine pronoun","role":"adverbial to ἔνι","gloss":"in which"},{"surface":"ἔνι","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"ναιετάασκε","lemma":"ναιετάω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing πτόλις","gloss":"dwelt","note":"iterative imperfect ναιετάασκε with -σκ-, 'used to dwell'"},{"surface":"πατὴρ","lemma":"πατήρ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"πότνια","lemma":"πότνια","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies μήτηρ","gloss":"honored"},{"surface":"μήτηρ","lemma":"μήτηρ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"mother"}]},{"number":386,"label":"386","id":"b15-l386","source":"ἦ σέ γε μουνωθέντα παρʼ οἴεσιν ἢ παρὰ βουσὶν","translation":"or did hostile men, when you were left alone among the sheep or among the cattle,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l386.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἦ","lemma":"ἤ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"σέ","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"accusative singular pronoun","role":"object of ἠδ᾽","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"γε","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"μουνωθέντα","lemma":"μονόω","morphology":"aorist passive participle, accusative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"left alone","note":"aorist passive participle of μονόω, 'made solitary'"},{"surface":"παρ","lemma":"παρά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"οἴεσιν","lemma":"ὄις","morphology":"dative plural feminine noun","role":"adverbial to παρ᾽","gloss":"sheep"},{"surface":"ἢ","lemma":"ἤ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"παρὰ","lemma":"παρά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"βουσὶν","lemma":"βοῦς","morphology":"dative plural feminine noun","role":"adverbial to παρὰ","gloss":"cattle"}]},{"number":387,"label":"387","id":"b15-l387","source":"ἄνδρες δυσμενέες νηυσὶν λάβον ἠδʼ ἐπέρασσαν","translation":"seize you with their ships and ferry you across","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l387.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἄνδρες","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of ἠδ᾽","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"δυσμενέες","lemma":"δυσμενής","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἄνδρες","gloss":"hostile"},{"surface":"νηυσὶν","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"dative plural feminine noun","role":"adverbial to λάβον","gloss":"with ships"},{"surface":"λάβον","lemma":"λαμβάνω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"object of ἠδ᾽","gloss":"seized","note":"thematic second aorist λάβον < λαμβάνω, not a root aorist"},{"surface":"ἠδ","lemma":"ἠδέ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐπέρασσαν","lemma":"περάω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"object of ἠδ᾽","gloss":"carried across","note":"περάω, 'ferry across the sea', i.e. sold into slavery abroad"}]},{"number":388,"label":"388","id":"b15-l388","source":"τοῦδʼ ἀνδρὸς πρὸς δώμαθʼ, ὁ δʼ ἄξιον ὦνον ἔδωκε.","translation":"to this man's house, and he gave a worthy price?\"","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l388.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τοῦδ","lemma":"ὅδε","morphology":"genitive singular masculine pronoun","role":"modifies ἀνδρὸς","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"ἀνδρὸς","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies δώμαθ᾽","gloss":"man's"},{"surface":"πρὸς","lemma":"πρός","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"δώμαθ","lemma":"δῶμα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of πρὸς","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"ὁ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἔδωκε","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἄξιον","lemma":"ἄξιος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ὦνον","gloss":"worthy"},{"surface":"ὦνον","lemma":"ὦνος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἔδωκε","gloss":"price"},{"surface":"ἔδωκε","lemma":"δίδωμι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"object of δ᾽","gloss":"gave"}]},{"number":389,"label":"389","id":"b15-l389","source":"τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε συβώτης, ὄρχαμος ἀνδρῶν·","translation":"Then the swineherd, leader of men, answered him:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l389.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of προσέειπε","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"(particle)"},{"surface":"αὖτε","lemma":"αὖτε","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"in turn"},{"surface":"προσέειπε","lemma":"προσεῖπον","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"he addressed"},{"surface":"συβώτης","lemma":"συβώτης","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"swineherd"},{"surface":"ὄρχαμος","lemma":"ὄρχαμος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"leader","note":"ὄρχαμος ἀνδρῶν, formulaic honorific title for Eumaeus"},{"surface":"ἀνδρῶν","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies ὄρχαμος","gloss":"of men"}]},{"number":390,"label":"390","id":"b15-l390","source":"ξεῖνʼ, ἐπεὶ ἂρ δὴ ταῦτά μʼ ἀνείρεαι ἠδὲ μεταλλᾷς,","translation":"\"Stranger, since indeed you ask me about these things and inquire,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l390.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ξεῖν","lemma":"ξένος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"stranger"},{"surface":"ἐπεὶ","lemma":"ἐπεί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"ἂρ","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"δὴ","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"(particle)"},{"surface":"ταῦτά","lemma":"οὗτος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of ἠδὲ","gloss":"these things"},{"surface":"μ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἠδὲ","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"ἀνείρεαι","lemma":"ἀνέρομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ἠδὲ","gloss":"you ask"},{"surface":"ἠδὲ","lemma":"ἠδέ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μεταλλᾷς","lemma":"μεταλλάω","morphology":"present active indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ἠδὲ","gloss":"you inquire","note":"μεταλλάω, 'seek out by questioning', paired synonym with ἀνείρεαι"}]},{"number":391,"label":"391","id":"b15-l391","source":"σιγῇ νῦν ξυνίει καὶ τέρπεο, πῖνέ τε οἶνον","translation":"listen now in silence and take your pleasure, and drink your wine","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l391.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ξυνίει ... τέρπεο ... πῖνε","title":"String of imperatives","body":"ξυνίει (understand), τέρπεο (enjoy), and πῖνε (drink) are all present imperatives giving a sequence of friendly commands."}],"words":[{"surface":"σιγῇ","lemma":"σιγή","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ξυνίει","gloss":"in silence"},{"surface":"νῦν","lemma":"νῦν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ξυνίει","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"ξυνίει","lemma":"συνίημι","morphology":"present active imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"listen","note":"συνίημι imperative, 'take in, understand'"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τέρπεο","lemma":"τέρπω","morphology":"present medio-passive imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"take pleasure"},{"surface":"πῖνέ","lemma":"πίνω","morphology":"present active imperative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"drink"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"οἶνον","lemma":"οἶνος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of πῖνέ","gloss":"wine"}]},{"number":392,"label":"392","id":"b15-l392","source":"ἥμενος. αἵδε δὲ νύκτες ἀθέσφατοι· ἔστι μὲν εὕδειν,","translation":"as you sit. These nights are immense: there is time to sleep,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l392.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἥμενος","lemma":"ἧμαι","morphology":"perfect participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to πῖνέ","gloss":"sitting","note":"perfect participle of ἧμαι with present force, 'as you sit'"},{"surface":"αἵδε","lemma":"ὅδε","morphology":"nominative plural feminine pronoun","role":"modifies νύκτες","gloss":"these"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"νύκτες","lemma":"νύξ","morphology":"nominative plural feminine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"nights"},{"surface":"ἀθέσφατοι","lemma":"ἀθέσφατος","morphology":"nominative plural feminine adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"immense","note":"ἀθέσφατος, 'unspeakably long/great', apt for long winter nights of storytelling"},{"surface":"ἔστι","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"there is"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"(particle)"},{"surface":"εὕδειν","lemma":"εὕδω","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"subject of ἔστι","gloss":"to sleep"}]},{"number":393,"label":"393","id":"b15-l393","source":"ἔστι δὲ τερπομένοισιν ἀκούειν· οὐδέ τί σε χρή,","translation":"and time to listen with delight; nor is there any need for you,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l393.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔστι","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"there is"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τερπομένοισιν","lemma":"τέρπω","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, dative plural masculine","role":"object of ἀκούειν","gloss":"for those delighting","note":"dative pl participle 'those taking pleasure', object of the infinitive ἀκούειν"},{"surface":"ἀκούειν","lemma":"ἀκούω","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"subject of ἔστι","gloss":"to listen"},{"surface":"τί","lemma":"τις","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"adverbial to χρή","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"σε","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"accusative singular pronoun","role":"subject of καταλέχθαι","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"χρή","lemma":"χρή","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"it is needful","note":"impersonal verb χρή, 'there is need,' governs an infinitive later (καταλέχθαι)"}]},{"number":394,"label":"394","id":"b15-l394","source":"πρὶν ὥρη, καταλέχθαι· ἀνίη καὶ πολὺς ὕπνος.","translation":"before the hour, to lie down: too much sleep is a weariness too.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l394.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πρὶν","lemma":"πρίν","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"ὥρη","lemma":"ὥρα","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"the hour"},{"surface":"καταλέχθαι","lemma":"καταλέγω","morphology":"aorist passive infinitive","role":"object of χρή","gloss":"to lie down","note":"aorist passive infinitive of καταλέγω 'lay to rest', completing χρή from l393"},{"surface":"ἀνίη","lemma":"ἀνία","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"a weariness"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"πολὺς","lemma":"πολύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ὕπνος","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"ὕπνος","lemma":"ὕπνος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"sleep"}]},{"number":395,"label":"395","id":"b15-l395","source":"τῶν δʼ ἄλλων ὅτινα κραδίη καὶ θυμὸς ἀνώγει,","translation":"Whoever of the others his heart and spirit bids,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l395.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τῶν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"genitive plural masculine article","role":"modifies ἄλλων","gloss":"of the"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἄλλων","lemma":"ἄλλος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies ὅτινα","gloss":"others"},{"surface":"ὅτινα","lemma":"ὅστις","morphology":"accusative plural neuter pronoun","role":"adverbial to ἀνώγει","gloss":"whomever","note":"indefinite relative ὅστις, 'whoever' among the others"},{"surface":"κραδίη","lemma":"καρδία","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"heart"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"θυμὸς","lemma":"θυμός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"spirit"},{"surface":"ἀνώγει","lemma":"ἄνωγα","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"subject of εὑδέτω","gloss":"bids","note":"ἄνωγα, a perfect with present meaning 'command/bid'"}]},{"number":396,"label":"396","id":"b15-l396","source":"εὑδέτω ἐξελθών· ἅμα δʼ ἠοῖ φαινομένηφι","translation":"let him go out and sleep; and at the appearing of Dawn","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l396.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εὑδέτω","lemma":"εὕδω","morphology":"present active imperative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"let him sleep","note":"3rd-sg imperative, epic command form"},{"surface":"ἐξελθών","lemma":"ἐξέρχομαι","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to εὑδέτω","gloss":"going out"},{"surface":"ἅμα","lemma":"ἅμα","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"at the same time as"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἠοῖ","lemma":"ἠώς","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἅμα","gloss":"dawn"},{"surface":"φαινομένηφι","lemma":"φαίνω","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, dative plural feminine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"appearing","note":"epic dative φαινομένηφι uses the archaic -φι instrumental/locative suffix instead of -ῃ"}]},{"number":397,"label":"397","id":"b15-l397","source":"δειπνήσας ἅμʼ ὕεσσιν ἀνακτορίῃσιν ἑπέσθω.","translation":"let him breakfast and follow the master's pigs.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l397.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δειπνήσας","lemma":"δειπνέω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἑπέσθω","gloss":"having dined"},{"surface":"ἅμ","lemma":"ἅμα","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"together with"},{"surface":"ὕεσσιν","lemma":"ὗς","morphology":"dative plural feminine noun","role":"object of ἅμ᾽","gloss":"the pigs"},{"surface":"ἀνακτορίῃσιν","lemma":"ἀνακτόριος","morphology":"dative plural feminine adjective","role":"modifies ὕεσσιν","gloss":"the master's","note":"ἀνακτόριος 'belonging to the master/lord', modifying the pigs he tends"},{"surface":"ἑπέσθω","lemma":"ἕπομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive imperative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"let him follow"}]},{"number":398,"label":"398","id":"b15-l398","source":"νῶϊ δʼ ἐνὶ κλισίῃ πίνοντέ τε δαινυμένω τε","translation":"But we two, in the hut, drinking and feasting,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l398.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"νῶϊ ... πίνοντε ... δαινυμένω","title":"Dual forms","body":"νῶϊ (\"we two\") and the participles πίνοντε, δαινυμένω are dual, used because Eumaeus speaks of just himself and Odysseus."}],"words":[{"surface":"νῶϊ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative dual masculine pronoun","role":"subject of τερπώμεθα","gloss":"we two","note":"dual pronoun νῶϊ, marking Odysseus and Eumaeus as a pair distinct from plural 'we'"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"κλισίῃ","lemma":"κλισία","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐνὶ","gloss":"the hut"},{"surface":"πίνοντέ","lemma":"πίνω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative dual masculine","role":"adverbial to τε","gloss":"drinking","note":"dual participle agreeing with νῶϊ"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"δαινυμένω","lemma":"δαίνυμι","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, nominative dual masculine","role":"adverbial to τε","gloss":"feasting"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"}]},{"number":399,"label":"399","id":"b15-l399","source":"κήδεσιν ἀλλήλων τερπώμεθα λευγαλέοισι,","translation":"let us take pleasure in each other's grievous sorrows","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l399.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"κήδεσιν","lemma":"κῆδος","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"object of τερπώμεθα","gloss":"in sorrows"},{"surface":"ἀλλήλων","lemma":"ἀλλήλων","morphology":"genitive plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies κήδεσιν","gloss":"each other's"},{"surface":"τερπώμεθα","lemma":"τέρπω","morphology":"present medio-passive subjunctive, 1st plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"let us take pleasure","note":"hortatory subjunctive, 'let us delight'"},{"surface":"λευγαλέοισι","lemma":"λευγαλέος","morphology":"dative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies κήδεσιν","gloss":"grievous"}]},{"number":400,"label":"400","id":"b15-l400","source":"μνωομένω· μετὰ γάρ τε καὶ ἄλγεσι τέρπεται ἀνήρ,","translation":"as we remember them; for a man takes pleasure even in his pains afterward,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l400.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"μνωομένω","lemma":"μνάομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, nominative dual masculine","role":"adverbial to τερπώμεθα","gloss":"recalling","note":"dual participle, continuing the pair from νῶϊ, 'as we two remember'"},{"surface":"μετὰ","lemma":"μετά","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"γάρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"ἄλγεσι","lemma":"ἄλγος","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"object of τέρπεται","gloss":"in pains"},{"surface":"τέρπεται","lemma":"τέρπω","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"takes pleasure","note":"gnomic present stating a general truth about human nature"},{"surface":"ἀνήρ","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of τέρπεται","gloss":"a man"}]},{"number":401,"label":"401","id":"b15-l401","source":"ὅς τις δὴ μάλα πολλὰ πάθῃ καὶ πόλλʼ ἐπαληθῇ.","translation":"one who has suffered very much and wandered far.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l401.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὅς","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"τις","lemma":"τις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"modifies ὅς","gloss":"-ever"},{"surface":"δὴ","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"μάλα","lemma":"μάλα","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"πολλὰ","lemma":"πολύς","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of πάθῃ","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"πάθῃ","lemma":"πάσχω","morphology":"aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing καὶ","gloss":"has suffered","note":"aorist subjunctive in an indefinite relative clause, 'whoever should suffer'"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"πόλλ","lemma":"πολύς","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to ἐπαληθῇ","gloss":"much"},{"surface":"ἐπαληθῇ","lemma":"ἐπαλάομαι","morphology":"aorist medio-passive subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing καὶ","gloss":"has wandered","note":"aorist passive-form subjunctive of ἐπαλάομαι 'roam,' paired with πάθῃ"}]},{"number":402,"label":"402","id":"b15-l402","source":"τοῦτο δέ τοι ἐρέω ὅ μʼ ἀνείρεαι ἠδὲ μεταλλᾷς.","translation":"So I will tell you what you ask me and inquire about.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l402.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τοῦτο","lemma":"οὗτος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"object of ἐρέω","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"object of ἐρέω","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"ἐρέω","lemma":"ἐρῶ","morphology":"future active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I will tell","note":"future indicative ἐρέω, an epic form of future λέγω/εἶπον"},{"surface":"ὅ","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"object of ἠδὲ","gloss":"what"},{"surface":"μ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἠδὲ","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"ἀνείρεαι","lemma":"ἀνέρομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ἠδὲ","gloss":"you ask"},{"surface":"ἠδὲ","lemma":"ἠδέ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μεταλλᾷς","lemma":"μεταλλάω","morphology":"present active indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ἠδὲ","gloss":"inquire about"}]},{"number":403,"label":"403","id":"b15-l403","source":"νῆσός τις Συρίη κικλήσκεται, εἴ που ἀκούεις,","translation":"There is an island called Syria — perhaps you have heard of it —","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l403.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"νῆσός","lemma":"νῆσος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of κικλήσκεται","gloss":"an island"},{"surface":"τις","lemma":"τις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"modifies νῆσός","gloss":"a certain"},{"surface":"Συρίη","lemma":"Συρία","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"Syria","note":"the legendary island of Eumaeus's birth, not historical Syria"},{"surface":"κικλήσκεται","lemma":"κικλήσκω","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"is called"},{"surface":"εἴ","lemma":"εἰ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"που","lemma":"πού","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἀκούεις","gloss":"perhaps"},{"surface":"ἀκούεις","lemma":"ἀκούω","morphology":"present active indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"adverbial to εἴ","gloss":"you have heard"}]},{"number":404,"label":"404","id":"b15-l404","source":"Ὀρτυγίης καθύπερθεν, ὅθι τροπαὶ ἠελίοιο,","translation":"above Ortygia, where are the turnings of the sun,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l404.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ὀρτυγίης","lemma":"Ὀρτυγία","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies καθύπερθεν","gloss":"of Ortygia","note":"a mythical location associated with sun-turnings, likely tied to solstice lore"},{"surface":"καθύπερθεν","lemma":"καθύπερθεν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"above"},{"surface":"ὅθι","lemma":"ὅθι","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"τροπαὶ","lemma":"τροπή","morphology":"nominative plural feminine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"turnings"},{"surface":"ἠελίοιο","lemma":"ἠέλιος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies τροπαὶ","gloss":"of the sun"}]},{"number":405,"label":"405","id":"b15-l405","source":"οὔ τι περιπληθὴς λίην τόσον, ἀλλʼ ἀγαθὴ μέν,","translation":"not so very populous, yet a good land,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l405.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οὔ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"τι","lemma":"τις","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"adverbial to περιπληθὴς","gloss":"at all"},{"surface":"περιπληθὴς","lemma":"περιπληθής","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies ,","gloss":"very crowded"},{"surface":"λίην","lemma":"λίαν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to περιπληθὴς","gloss":"too"},{"surface":"τόσον","lemma":"τόσος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to περιπληθὴς","gloss":"so much"},{"surface":"ἀλλ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἀγαθὴ","lemma":"ἀγαθός","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies ,","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"μέν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"}]},{"number":406,"label":"406","id":"b15-l406","source":"εὔβοτος, εὔμηλος, οἰνοπληθής, πολύπυρος.","translation":"rich in cattle, rich in sheep, abounding in wine, with much wheat.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l406.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εὔβοτος","lemma":"εὔβοτος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies ,","gloss":"rich in cattle"},{"surface":"εὔμηλος","lemma":"εὔμηλος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies ,","gloss":"rich in sheep"},{"surface":"οἰνοπληθής","lemma":"οἰνοπληθής","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies ,","gloss":"abounding in wine"},{"surface":"πολύπυρος","lemma":"πολύπυρος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies ,","gloss":"rich in wheat","note":"a stacked run of compound epic adjectives describing an idealized island, formulaic praise-style"}]},{"number":407,"label":"407","id":"b15-l407","source":"πείνη δʼ οὔ ποτε δῆμον ἐσέρχεται, οὐδέ τις ἄλλη","translation":"Famine never enters that land, nor any other","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l407.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πείνη","lemma":"πεῖνα","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ἐσέρχεται","gloss":"famine"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"οὔ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"never"},{"surface":"ποτε","lemma":"ποτέ","morphology":"particle","role":"adverbial to ἐσέρχεται","gloss":"ever"},{"surface":"δῆμον","lemma":"δῆμος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἐσέρχεται","gloss":"the people"},{"surface":"ἐσέρχεται","lemma":"εἰσέρχομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"enters"},{"surface":"τις","lemma":"τις","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"modifies νοῦσος","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"ἄλλη","lemma":"ἄλλος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies νοῦσος","gloss":"other"}]},{"number":408,"label":"408","id":"b15-l408","source":"νοῦσος ἐπὶ στυγερὴ πέλεται δειλοῖσι βροτοῖσιν·","translation":"hateful sickness comes upon wretched mortals;","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l408.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"νοῦσος","lemma":"νοῦσος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of πέλεται","gloss":"sickness"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"upon"},{"surface":"στυγερὴ","lemma":"στυγερός","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies νοῦσος","gloss":"hateful"},{"surface":"πέλεται","lemma":"πέλω","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"comes","note":"πέλεται, epic present of πέλω 'to be/come to be', common in gnomic descriptions"},{"surface":"δειλοῖσι","lemma":"δειλός","morphology":"dative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies βροτοῖσιν","gloss":"wretched"},{"surface":"βροτοῖσιν","lemma":"βροτός","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"object of πέλεται","gloss":"mortals"}]},{"number":409,"label":"409","id":"b15-l409","source":"ἀλλʼ ὅτε γηράσκωσι πόλιν κάτα φῦλʼ ἀνθρώπων,","translation":"but when the tribes of men grow old throughout the city,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l409.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ὅτε","lemma":"ὅτε","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"γηράσκωσι","lemma":"γηράσκω","morphology":"present active subjunctive, 3rd plural verb","role":"adverbial to ὅτε","gloss":"grow old","note":"subjunctive in a general temporal clause, 'whenever they grow old'"},{"surface":"πόλιν","lemma":"πόλις","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to κάτα","gloss":"the city"},{"surface":"κάτα","lemma":"κατά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"throughout"},{"surface":"φῦλ","lemma":"φῦλον","morphology":"nominative plural neuter noun","role":"subject of γηράσκωσι","gloss":"tribes"},{"surface":"ἀνθρώπων","lemma":"ἄνθρωπος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies φῦλ᾽","gloss":"of men"}]},{"number":410,"label":"410","id":"b15-l410","source":"ἐλθὼν ἀργυρότοξος Ἀπόλλων Ἀρτέμιδι ξὺν","translation":"Apollo of the silver bow comes, together with Artemis,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l410.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ἀργυρότοξος","title":"Silver-bow epithet","body":"ἀργυρότοξος (\"of the silver bow\") is Apollo's standing epithet. Apollo and Artemis bringing painless death is a Homeric idea of a gentle end in old age."}],"words":[{"surface":"ἐλθὼν","lemma":"ἔρχομαι","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to κατέπεφνεν","gloss":"coming"},{"surface":"ἀργυρότοξος","lemma":"ἀργυρότοξος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ἀπόλλων","gloss":"silver-bowed","note":"ἀργυρότοξος, a fixed Homeric epithet for Apollo tied to his bow"},{"surface":"Ἀπόλλων","lemma":"Ἀπόλλων","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of κατέπεφνεν","gloss":"Apollo"},{"surface":"Ἀρτέμιδι","lemma":"Ἄρτεμις","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ξὺν","gloss":"with Artemis"},{"surface":"ξὺν","lemma":"σύν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"together with"}]},{"number":411,"label":"411","id":"b15-l411","source":"οἷς ἀγανοῖς βελέεσσιν ἐποιχόμενος κατέπεφνεν.","translation":"and slays them, drawing near with his gentle shafts.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l411.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οἷς","lemma":"ἑός","morphology":"dative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies βελέεσσιν","gloss":"his own"},{"surface":"ἀγανοῖς","lemma":"ἀγανός","morphology":"dative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies βελέεσσιν","gloss":"gentle"},{"surface":"βελέεσσιν","lemma":"βέλος","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to κατέπεφνεν","gloss":"shafts","note":"the 'gentle arrows' of Apollo/Artemis are the poetic image for a swift, painless death"},{"surface":"ἐποιχόμενος","lemma":"ἐποίχομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to κατέπεφνεν","gloss":"drawing near"},{"surface":"κατέπεφνεν","lemma":"κατέπεφνον","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"slew them"}]},{"number":412,"label":"412","id":"b15-l412","source":"ἔνθα δύω πόλιες, δίχα δέ σφισι πάντα δέδασται·","translation":"There are two cities there, and everything is divided in two between them;","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l412.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔνθα","lemma":"ἔνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"δύω","lemma":"δύο","morphology":"numeral","role":"modifies πόλιες","gloss":"two"},{"surface":"πόλιες","lemma":"πόλις","morphology":"nominative plural feminine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"cities"},{"surface":"δίχα","lemma":"δίχα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to δέδασται","gloss":"in two"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"σφισι","lemma":"σφεῖς","morphology":"dative plural masculine pronoun","role":"object of δέδασται","gloss":"for them"},{"surface":"πάντα","lemma":"πᾶς","morphology":"nominative plural neuter adjective","role":"subject of δέδασται","gloss":"everything"},{"surface":"δέδασται","lemma":"δατέομαι","morphology":"perfect middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"is divided","note":"perfect middle δέδασται, stressing the settled, lasting state of the division"}]},{"number":413,"label":"413","id":"b15-l413","source":"τῇσιν δʼ ἀμφοτέρῃσι πατὴρ ἐμὸς ἐμβασίλευε,","translation":"over both of these my father was king,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l413.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τῇσιν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"dative plural feminine pronoun","role":"object of ἐμβασίλευε","gloss":"over these"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἀμφοτέρῃσι","lemma":"ἀμφότερος","morphology":"dative plural feminine adjective","role":"modifies τῇσιν","gloss":"both"},{"surface":"πατὴρ","lemma":"πατήρ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"ἐμὸς","lemma":"ἐμός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies πατὴρ","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"ἐμβασίλευε","lemma":"ἐμβασιλεύω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"was king","note":"imperfect ἐμβασίλευε, describing an ongoing past state of rule"}]},{"number":414,"label":"414","id":"b15-l414","source":"Κτήσιος Ὀρμενίδης, ἐπιείκελος ἀθανάτοισιν.","translation":"Ctesius son of Ormenus, a man like the immortals.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l414.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Κτήσιος","lemma":"Κτήσιος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"Ctesius"},{"surface":"Ὀρμενίδης","lemma":"Ὀρμενίδης","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies Κτήσιος","gloss":"son of Ormenus","note":"patronymic in -ίδης, epic naming convention 'son of Ormenus'"},{"surface":"ἐπιείκελος","lemma":"ἐπιείκελος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ,","gloss":"like","note":"ἐπιείκελος 'resembling,' echoes stock Homeric praise for kings compared to gods"},{"surface":"ἀθανάτοισιν","lemma":"ἀθάνατος","morphology":"dative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἐπιείκελος","gloss":"the immortals"}]},{"number":415,"label":"415","id":"b15-l415","source":"ἔνθα δὲ Φοίνικες ναυσίκλυτοι ἤλυθον ἄνδρες,","translation":"There came Phoenician men, famed for their ships,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l415.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔνθα","lemma":"ἔνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of ἤλυθον","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Φοίνικες","lemma":"Φοῖνιξ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"modifies ἄνδρες","gloss":"Phoenicians"},{"surface":"ναυσίκλυτοι","lemma":"ναυσικλυτός","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies Φοίνικες","gloss":"famed for ships"},{"surface":"ἤλυθον","lemma":"ἔρχομαι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"came","note":"ἤλυθον, epic aorist variant of ἦλθον 'came'"},{"surface":"ἄνδρες","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"men"}]},{"number":416,"label":"416","id":"b15-l416","source":"τρῶκται, μυρίʼ ἄγοντες ἀθύρματα νηῒ μελαίνῃ.","translation":"greedy rogues, bringing countless trinkets in their black ship.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l416.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"τρῶκται","title":"Greedy rogues","body":"τρῶκται means \"nibblers, cheats,\" a contemptuous term for grasping traders. It colors the Phoenicians as untrustworthy profiteers."}],"words":[{"surface":"τρῶκται","lemma":"τρώκτης","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"greedy rogues","note":"τρώκτης, 'gnawer/cheat', a pejorative term for shrewd merchant-sailors"},{"surface":"μυρί","lemma":"μυρίος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἀθύρματα","gloss":"countless"},{"surface":"ἄγοντες","lemma":"ἄγω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative plural masculine","role":"adverbial to ἤλυθον","gloss":"bringing"},{"surface":"ἀθύρματα","lemma":"ἄθυρμα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἄγοντες","gloss":"trinkets"},{"surface":"νηῒ","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἄγοντες","gloss":"in a ship"},{"surface":"μελαίνῃ","lemma":"μέλας","morphology":"dative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies νηῒ","gloss":"black","note":"'black ship' (νηῒ μελαίνῃ) is a standard Homeric formula, referring to pitch-tarred hulls"}]},{"number":417,"label":"417","id":"b15-l417","source":"ἔσκε δὲ πατρὸς ἐμοῖο γυνὴ Φοίνισσʼ ἐνὶ οἴκῳ,","translation":"Now there was a Phoenician woman in my father's house,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l417.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔσκε","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"imperfect indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"there was"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"πατρὸς","lemma":"πατήρ","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies οἴκῳ","gloss":"of father"},{"surface":"ἐμοῖο","lemma":"ἐμός","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies πατρὸς","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"γυνὴ","lemma":"γυνή","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"a woman"},{"surface":"Φοίνισσ","lemma":"Φοῖνιξ","morphology":"nominative plural feminine noun","role":"modifies ἔσκε","gloss":"Phoenician"},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"οἴκῳ","lemma":"οἶκος","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐνὶ","gloss":"house"}]},{"number":418,"label":"418","id":"b15-l418","source":"καλή τε μεγάλη τε καὶ ἀγλαὰ ἔργα ἰδυῖα·","translation":"beautiful and tall and skilled in splendid handiwork;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l418.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καλή","lemma":"καλός","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies καὶ","gloss":"beautiful"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μεγάλη","lemma":"μέγας","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies καὶ","gloss":"tall"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"ἀγλαὰ","lemma":"ἀγλαός","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἔργα","gloss":"splendid"},{"surface":"ἔργα","lemma":"ἔργον","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἰδυῖα","gloss":"handiwork"},{"surface":"ἰδυῖα","lemma":"οἶδα","morphology":"perfect active participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"modifies καὶ","gloss":"skilled in","note":"ἰδυῖα, perfect participle of οἶδα 'know', used idiomatically for 'skilled at'"}]},{"number":419,"label":"419","id":"b15-l419","source":"τὴν δʼ ἄρα Φοίνικες πολυπαίπαλοι ἠπερόπευον.","translation":"and the crafty Phoenicians beguiled her.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l419.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τὴν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular feminine pronoun","role":"object of ἠπερόπευον","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἄρα","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"Φοίνικες","lemma":"Φοῖνιξ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of ἠπερόπευον","gloss":"Phoenicians"},{"surface":"πολυπαίπαλοι","lemma":"πολυπαίπαλος","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies Φοίνικες","gloss":"crafty","note":"πολυπαίπαλος 'much-wily', reinforcing the stereotype of scheming Phoenician traders"},{"surface":"ἠπερόπευον","lemma":"ἠπεροπεύω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"beguiled"}]},{"number":420,"label":"420","id":"b15-l420","source":"πλυνούσῃ τις πρῶτα μίγη κοίλῃ παρὰ νηῒ","translation":"As she was washing, one of them first lay with her beside the hollow ship","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l420.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πλυνούσῃ","lemma":"πλύνω","morphology":"present active participle, dative singular feminine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"as she washed"},{"surface":"τις","lemma":"τις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of μίγη","gloss":"one"},{"surface":"πρῶτα","lemma":"πρῶτος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to μίγη","gloss":"first"},{"surface":"μίγη","lemma":"μίγνυμι","morphology":"aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"lay with her","note":"aorist passive μίγη from μίγνυμι 'mix,' a common euphemism for sexual union"},{"surface":"κοίλῃ","lemma":"κοῖλος","morphology":"dative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies νηῒ","gloss":"hollow"},{"surface":"παρὰ","lemma":"παρά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"beside"},{"surface":"νηῒ","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to παρὰ","gloss":"the ship"}]},{"number":421,"label":"421","id":"b15-l421","source":"εὐνῇ καὶ φιλότητι, τά τε φρένας ἠπεροπεύει","translation":"in love and in bed — things that deceive the wits","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l421.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εὐνῇ","lemma":"εὐνή","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"in bed"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"φιλότητι","lemma":"φιλότης","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"in love","note":"φιλότης = sexual love/intimacy, paired with εὐνή 'bed' as a formulaic pair."},{"surface":"τά","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative plural neuter pronoun","role":"subject of ἠπεροπεύει","gloss":"the things"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and (epic)"},{"surface":"φρένας","lemma":"φρήν","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"object of ἠπεροπεύει","gloss":"the wits","note":"φρένας = 'wits/mind,' the seat of judgment that love proverbially deceives."},{"surface":"ἠπεροπεύει","lemma":"ἠπεροπεύω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing καὶ","gloss":"deceives"}]},{"number":422,"label":"422","id":"b15-l422","source":"θηλυτέρῃσι γυναιξί, καὶ ἥ κʼ εὐεργὸς ἔῃσιν.","translation":"of womankind, even one who is honest.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l422.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"θηλυτέρῃσι","lemma":"θῆλυς","morphology":"dative plural feminine adjective","role":"modifies γυναιξί","gloss":"of womankind"},{"surface":"γυναιξί","lemma":"γυνή","morphology":"dative plural feminine noun","role":"object of ἠπεροπεύει","gloss":"women"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"ἥ","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject of ἔῃσιν","gloss":"one who"},{"surface":"κ","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(modal)"},{"surface":"εὐεργὸς","lemma":"εὐεργός","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"honest","note":"εὐεργός here means morally upright/virtuous, not 'well-wrought' as of objects."},{"surface":"ἔῃσιν","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing γυναιξί","gloss":"is"}]},{"number":423,"label":"423","id":"b15-l423","source":"εἰρώτα δὴ ἔπειτα τίς εἴη καὶ πόθεν ἔλθοι·","translation":"Then he asked who she was and where she came from;","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l423.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εἰρώτα","lemma":"ἐρωτάω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"he asked","note":"Imperfect ἐρωτάω: repeated/ongoing questioning, 'kept asking.'"},{"surface":"δὴ","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ἔπειτα","lemma":"ἔπειτα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to εἰρώτα","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"τίς","lemma":"τις","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"εἴη","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active optative, 3rd singular verb","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"she was","note":"Optative εἴη in indirect question after a past-tense verb (secondary sequence)."},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"πόθεν","lemma":"πόθεν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἔλθοι","gloss":"from where"},{"surface":"ἔλθοι","lemma":"ἔρχομαι","morphology":"aorist active optative, 3rd singular verb","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"she came"}]},{"number":424,"label":"424","id":"b15-l424","source":"ἡ δὲ μάλʼ αὐτίκα πατρὸς ἐπέφραδεν ὑψερεφὲς δῶ·","translation":"and at once she pointed out my father's high-roofed house:","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l424.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἡ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject of ἐπέφραδεν","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μάλ","lemma":"μάλα","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"right"},{"surface":"αὐτίκα","lemma":"αὐτίκα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐπέφραδεν","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"πατρὸς","lemma":"πατήρ","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies δῶ","gloss":"of father"},{"surface":"ἐπέφραδεν","lemma":"φράζω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"pointed out"},{"surface":"ὑψερεφὲς","lemma":"ὑψερεφής","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies δῶ","gloss":"high-roofed","note":"ὑψερεφής, a stock Homeric epithet for grand houses."},{"surface":"δῶ","lemma":"δῶμα","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ἐπέφραδεν","gloss":"house"}]},{"number":425,"label":"425","id":"b15-l425","source":"ἐκ μὲν Σιδῶνος πολυχάλκου εὔχομαι εἶναι,","translation":"'I claim to be from Sidon, rich in bronze,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l425.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"εὔχομαι εἶναι","title":"\"I claim to be\"","body":"εὔχομαι here means \"I declare/claim\" rather than \"I pray.\" With the infinitive εἶναι it is a formula for stating one's origin or status."}],"words":[{"surface":"ἐκ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"(particle)"},{"surface":"Σιδῶνος","lemma":"Σιδών","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐκ","gloss":"Sidon"},{"surface":"πολυχάλκου","lemma":"πολύχαλκος","morphology":"genitive singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies Σιδῶνος","gloss":"rich in bronze","note":"πολύχαλκος, a formulaic epithet marking Sidon's famed metalwork."},{"surface":"εὔχομαι","lemma":"εὔχομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I claim"},{"surface":"εἶναι","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"object of εὔχομαι","gloss":"to be"}]},{"number":426,"label":"426","id":"b15-l426","source":"κούρη δʼ εἴμʼ Ἀρύβαντος ἐγὼ ῥυδὸν ἀφνειοῖο·","translation":"and I am the daughter of Arybas, a man of flowing wealth;","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l426.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"κούρη","lemma":"κόρη","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"daughter"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"εἴμ","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I am"},{"surface":"Ἀρύβαντος","lemma":"Ἀρύβας","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies κούρη","gloss":"of Arybas"},{"surface":"ἐγὼ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject of εἴμ᾽","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"ῥυδὸν","lemma":"ῥυδόν","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies ἀφνειοῖο","gloss":"flowingly","note":"ῥυδόν 'flowing, streaming' intensifies ἀφνειοῖο — wealth flowing abundantly."},{"surface":"ἀφνειοῖο","lemma":"ἀφνειός","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ἀρύβαντος","gloss":"wealthy"}]},{"number":427,"label":"427","id":"b15-l427","source":"ἀλλά μʼ ἀνήρπαξαν Τάφιοι ληΐστορες ἄνδρες","translation":"but Taphian pirate men carried me off","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l427.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλά","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"μ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἀνήρπαξαν","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"ἀνήρπαξαν","lemma":"ἀναρπάζω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"snatched away"},{"surface":"Τάφιοι","lemma":"Τάφιοι","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"modifies ἄνδρες","gloss":"Taphian"},{"surface":"ληΐστορες","lemma":"ληίστωρ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"modifies ἄνδρες","gloss":"pirate","note":"ληίστωρ 'plunderer/pirate,' underscoring the Taphians' reputation for raiding."},{"surface":"ἄνδρες","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of δέ","gloss":"men"}]},{"number":428,"label":"428","id":"b15-l428","source":"ἀγρόθεν ἐρχομένην, πέρασαν δέ τε δεῦρʼ ἀγαγόντες","translation":"as I came from the fields, and brought me here over the sea,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l428.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀγρόθεν","lemma":"ἀγρόθεν","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of ἐρχομένην","gloss":"from the fields"},{"surface":"ἐρχομένην","lemma":"ἔρχομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, accusative singular feminine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"as I came"},{"surface":"πέρασαν","lemma":"περάω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"they carried"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(epic)"},{"surface":"δεῦρ","lemma":"δεῦρο","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of ἀγαγόντες","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"ἀγαγόντες","lemma":"ἄγω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative plural masculine","role":"adverbial to πέρασαν","gloss":"having led","note":"Aorist participle ἀγαγόντες: 'having brought' precedes the main verb πέρασαν, showing sequence of action."}]},{"number":429,"label":"429","id":"b15-l429","source":"τοῦδʼ ἀνδρὸς πρὸς δώμαθʼ· ὁ δʼ ἄξιον ὦνον ἔδωκε.","translation":"to this man's house; and he gave a worthy price.'","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l429.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τοῦδ","lemma":"ὅδε","morphology":"genitive singular masculine pronoun","role":"modifies ἀνδρὸς","gloss":"of this"},{"surface":"ἀνδρὸς","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies δώμαθ᾽","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"πρὸς","lemma":"πρός","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"δώμαθ","lemma":"δῶμα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of πρὸς","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"ὁ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἔδωκε","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἄξιον","lemma":"ἄξιος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ὦνον","gloss":"worthy"},{"surface":"ὦνον","lemma":"ὦνος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἔδωκε","gloss":"price"},{"surface":"ἔδωκε","lemma":"δίδωμι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"gave"}]},{"number":430,"label":"430","id":"b15-l430","source":"τὴν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπεν ἀνήρ, ὃς ἐμίσγετο\n                     λάθρη·","translation":"Then the man who had secretly lain with her answered her:","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l430.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τὴν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular feminine pronoun","role":"object of προσέειπεν","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"αὖτε","lemma":"αὖτε","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"in turn"},{"surface":"προσέειπεν","lemma":"προσεῖπον","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"addressed"},{"surface":"ἀνήρ","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of προσέειπεν","gloss":"the man"},{"surface":"ὃς","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἐμίσγετο","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"ἐμίσγετο","lemma":"μίγνυμι","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ἀνήρ","gloss":"had lain with","note":"ἐμίσγετο, imperfect middle of μίγνυμι, euphemism for sexual union, matching λάθρῃ 'secretly.'"},{"surface":"λάθρη","lemma":"λάθρῃ","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐμίσγετο","gloss":"secretly"}]},{"number":431,"label":"431","id":"b15-l431","source":"ἦ ῥά κε νῦν πάλιν αὖτις ἅμʼ ἡμῖν οἴκαδʼ ἕποιο,","translation":"'Would you now come back home together with us,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l431.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἦ","lemma":"ἦ","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"truly"},{"surface":"ῥά","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"κε","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(modal)"},{"surface":"νῦν","lemma":"νῦν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἕποιο","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"πάλιν","lemma":"πάλιν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἕποιο","gloss":"back"},{"surface":"αὖτις","lemma":"αὖθις","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἕποιο","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"ἅμ","lemma":"ἅμα","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"together with"},{"surface":"ἡμῖν","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative plural masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἅμ᾽","gloss":"us"},{"surface":"οἴκαδ","lemma":"οἴκαδε","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of ἕποιο","gloss":"homeward"},{"surface":"ἕποιο","lemma":"ἕπομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive optative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"would you follow","note":"Optative ἕποιο with κε forms a polite potential question — 'would you come?'"}]},{"number":432,"label":"432","id":"b15-l432","source":"ὄφρα ἴδῃ πατρὸς καὶ μητέρος ὑψερεφὲς δῶ","translation":"to see your father's and mother's high-roofed house","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l432.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὄφρα","lemma":"ὄφρα","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"ἴδῃ","lemma":"εἶδον","morphology":"aorist medio-passive subjunctive, 2nd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ὄφρα","gloss":"you may see"},{"surface":"πατρὸς","lemma":"πατήρ","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies καὶ","gloss":"of father"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μητέρος","lemma":"μήτηρ","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies καὶ","gloss":"of mother"},{"surface":"ὑψερεφὲς","lemma":"ὑψερεφής","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies δῶ","gloss":"high-roofed"},{"surface":"δῶ","lemma":"δῶμα","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of τ᾽","gloss":"house"}]},{"number":433,"label":"433","id":"b15-l433","source":"αὐτούς τʼ; ἦ γὰρ ἔτʼ εἰσὶ καὶ ἀφνειοὶ καλέονται.","translation":"and themselves? For they still live and are called wealthy.'","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l433.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτούς","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"accusative plural masculine adjective","role":"object of τ᾽","gloss":"them, themselves"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἦ","lemma":"ἦ","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"γὰρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"ἔτ","lemma":"ἔτι","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to εἰσὶ","gloss":"still"},{"surface":"εἰσὶ","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"they are"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἀφνειοὶ","lemma":"ἀφνειός","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"wealthy"},{"surface":"καλέονται","lemma":"καλέω","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"are called"}]},{"number":434,"label":"434","id":"b15-l434","source":"τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε γυνὴ καὶ ἀμείβετο\n                     μύθῳ·","translation":"Then the woman answered him and spoke in reply:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l434.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of προσέειπε","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"αὖτε","lemma":"αὖτε","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"in turn"},{"surface":"προσέειπε","lemma":"προσεῖπον","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"answered"},{"surface":"γυνὴ","lemma":"γυνή","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"the woman"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἀμείβετο","lemma":"ἀμείβω","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"replied"},{"surface":"μύθῳ","lemma":"μῦθος","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἀμείβετο","gloss":"in speech","note":"ἀμείβετο μύθῳ is a Homeric formula: 'answered with a word,' framing direct speech."}]},{"number":435,"label":"435","id":"b15-l435","source":"εἴη κεν καὶ τοῦτʼ, εἴ μοι ἐθέλοιτέ γε, ναῦται,","translation":"'Even this might be, if you sailors would be willing","scansion":"—— | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l435.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"εἴη κεν ... εἰ ... ἐθέλοιτε","title":"Potential and conditional optatives","body":"εἴη κεν is a potential optative (\"it might be\"), and ἐθέλοιτε in the εἰ-clause is an optative of a future-less-vivid condition. Together they express a cautious, hypothetical agreement."}],"words":[{"surface":"εἴη","lemma":"ἐάω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"it might be"},{"surface":"κεν","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(modal)"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"even"},{"surface":"τοῦτ","lemma":"οὗτος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"subject of εἴη","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"εἴ","lemma":"εἰ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular feminine pronoun","role":"object of πιστωθῆναι","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"ἐθέλοιτέ","lemma":"ἐθέλω","morphology":"present active optative, 2nd plural verb","role":"adverbial to εἴ","gloss":"you would be willing"},{"surface":"γε","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ναῦται","lemma":"ναύτης","morphology":"vocative plural masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"sailors","note":"Vocative ναῦται addresses the crew directly, breaking into the narrated speech."}]},{"number":436,"label":"436","id":"b15-l436","source":"ὅρκῳ πιστωθῆναι ἀπήμονά μʼ οἴκαδʼ ἀπάξειν.","translation":"to pledge me by oath to bring me home unharmed.'","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l436.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὅρκῳ","lemma":"ὅρκος","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to πιστωθῆναι","gloss":"by oath"},{"surface":"πιστωθῆναι","lemma":"πιστόω","morphology":"aorist passive infinitive","role":"object of ἐθέλοιτέ","gloss":"to be pledged","note":"Passive infinitive πιστωθῆναι: 'to be given assurance,' i.e. she asks them to swear to her."},{"surface":"ἀπήμονά","lemma":"ἀπήμων","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"unharmed"},{"surface":"μ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular feminine pronoun","role":"object of ἀπάξειν","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"οἴκαδ","lemma":"οἴκαδε","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of ἀπάξειν","gloss":"homeward"},{"surface":"ἀπάξειν","lemma":"ἀπάγω","morphology":"future active infinitive","role":"object of πιστωθῆναι","gloss":"to bring back"}]},{"number":437,"label":"437","id":"b15-l437","source":"ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἱ δʼ ἄρα πάντες ἐπώμνυον ὡς\n                     ἐκέλευεν.","translation":"So she spoke, and they all swore as she bade.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l437.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἔφαθ᾽","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"ἔφαθ","lemma":"φημί","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"she spoke"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἐπώμνυον","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἄρα","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"πάντες","lemma":"πᾶς","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies οἱ","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"ἐπώμνυον","lemma":"ἐπόμνυμι","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"swore"},{"surface":"ὡς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐκέλευεν","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"ἐκέλευεν","lemma":"κελεύω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ἐπώμνυον","gloss":"she bade"}]},{"number":438,"label":"438","id":"b15-l438","source":"αὐτὰρ ἐπεί ῥʼ ὄμοσάν τε τελεύτησάν τε τὸν ὅρκον,","translation":"But when they had sworn and completed the oath,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l438.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἐπεί","lemma":"ἐπεί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"ῥ","lemma":"ἆρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"(particle)"},{"surface":"ὄμοσάν","lemma":"ὄμνυμι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"adverbial to τε","gloss":"they swore"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τελεύτησάν","lemma":"τελευτάω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"adverbial to τε","gloss":"completed"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine article","role":"modifies ὅρκον","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ὅρκον","lemma":"ὅρκος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of τελεύτησάν","gloss":"oath"}]},{"number":439,"label":"439","id":"b15-l439","source":"τοῖς δʼ αὖτις μετέειπε γυνὴ καὶ ἀμείβετο μύθῳ·","translation":"the woman spoke among them again and answered in reply:","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l439.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τοῖς","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"dative plural masculine pronoun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"to them"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"αὖτις","lemma":"αὖθις","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to μετέειπε","gloss":"again"},{"surface":"μετέειπε","lemma":"μετεῖπον","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke among"},{"surface":"γυνὴ","lemma":"γυνή","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"the woman"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἀμείβετο","lemma":"ἀμείβω","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"replied"},{"surface":"μύθῳ","lemma":"μῦθος","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἀμείβετο","gloss":"in speech"}]},{"number":440,"label":"440","id":"b15-l440","source":"σιγῇ νῦν, μή τίς με προσαυδάτω ἐπέεσσιν","translation":"'Be silent now: let none of your companions address me with words","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l440.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"σιγῇ","lemma":"σιγάω","morphology":"present medio-passive subjunctive, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"be silent","note":"σιγῇ used here as a subjunctive/imperative verb form 'be quiet,' not the adverb 'in silence.'"},{"surface":"νῦν","lemma":"νῦν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to σιγῇ","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"μή","lemma":"μή","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"lest"},{"surface":"τίς","lemma":"τις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of προσαυδάτω","gloss":"anyone"},{"surface":"με","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular feminine pronoun","role":"object of προσαυδάτω","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"προσαυδάτω","lemma":"προσαυδάω","morphology":"present active imperative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"address","note":"3rd-person imperative προσαυδάτω: 'let him not address' — a command directed at a third party."},{"surface":"ἐπέεσσιν","lemma":"ἔπος","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to προσαυδάτω","gloss":"with words"}]},{"number":441,"label":"441","id":"b15-l441","source":"ὑμετέρων ἑτάρων, ξυμβλήμενος ἢ ἐν ἀγυιῇ,","translation":"of your men, should one meet me, either in the street","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l441.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὑμετέρων","lemma":"ὑμέτερος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἑτάρων","gloss":"of your"},{"surface":"ἑτάρων","lemma":"ἑταῖρος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies τίς","gloss":"companions"},{"surface":"ξυμβλήμενος","lemma":"συμβάλλω","morphology":"aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to προσαυδάτω","gloss":"having met"},{"surface":"ἢ","lemma":"ἤ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"either"},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"ἀγυιῇ","lemma":"ἀγυιά","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐν","gloss":"the street"}]},{"number":442,"label":"442","id":"b15-l442","source":"ἤ που ἐπὶ κρήνῃ· μή τις ποτὶ δῶμα γέροντι","translation":"or maybe at the well; let no one go to the house and tell the old man,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l442.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἤ","lemma":"ἤ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"που","lemma":"πού","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐπὶ","gloss":"perhaps"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"κρήνῃ","lemma":"κρήνη","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐπὶ","gloss":"the well"},{"surface":"μή","lemma":"μή","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"lest"},{"surface":"τις","lemma":"τις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἐξείπῃ","gloss":"anyone"},{"surface":"ποτὶ","lemma":"πρός","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"δῶμα","lemma":"δῶμα","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ποτὶ","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"γέροντι","lemma":"γέρων","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies δῶμα","gloss":"to old man","note":"Dative γέροντι, 'to the old man' — the master of the house where the nurse serves (Eumaeus's own father, king of Syrie), not Odysseus's father Laertes."}]},{"number":443,"label":"443","id":"b15-l443","source":"ἐλθὼν ἐξείπῃ, ὁ δʼ ὀϊσάμενος καταδήσῃ","translation":"for if he suspects he will bind me","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l443.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐλθὼν","lemma":"ἔρχομαι","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἐξείπῃ","gloss":"having gone"},{"surface":"ἐξείπῃ","lemma":"ἐξεῖπον","morphology":"aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial","gloss":"tell","note":"Subjunctive ἐξείπῃ in a fear clause with μή — 'lest someone go and tell.'"},{"surface":"ὁ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of καταδήσῃ","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὀϊσάμενος","lemma":"οἴομαι","morphology":"aorist middle participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to καταδήσῃ","gloss":"suspecting"},{"surface":"καταδήσῃ","lemma":"καταδέω","morphology":"aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial","gloss":"will bind"}]},{"number":444,"label":"444","id":"b15-l444","source":"δεσμῷ ἐν ἀργαλέῳ, ὑμῖν δʼ ἐπιφράσσετʼ ὄλεθρον.","translation":"in cruel bonds, and plot destruction for you all.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l444.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δεσμῷ","lemma":"δεσμός","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἐν","gloss":"in bond"},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"ἀργαλέῳ","lemma":"ἀργαλέος","morphology":"dative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies δεσμῷ","gloss":"cruel"},{"surface":"ὑμῖν","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative plural pronoun","role":"object of ἐπιφράσσετ᾽","gloss":"for you"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐπιφράσσετ","lemma":"ἐπιφράζω","morphology":"aorist middle subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial","gloss":"plot","note":"Aorist middle subjunctive ἐπιφράσσετ(αι) 'devise against' — continues the string of feared outcomes introduced by μή in the preceding lines."},{"surface":"ὄλεθρον","lemma":"ὄλεθρος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἐπιφράσσετ᾽","gloss":"destruction"}]},{"number":445,"label":"445","id":"b15-l445","source":"ἀλλʼ ἔχετʼ ἐν φρεσὶ μῦθον, ἐπείγετε δʼ ὦνον ὁδαίων.","translation":"But keep my words in mind, and press on with buying your cargo.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l445.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἔχετ","lemma":"ἔχω","morphology":"present active imperative, 2nd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"keep"},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"φρεσὶ","lemma":"φρήν","morphology":"dative plural noun","role":"object of ἐν","gloss":"mind","note":"φρεσί 'in your wits/heart' — the same φρήν seen in line 421, the seat of thought."},{"surface":"μῦθον","lemma":"μῦθος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἔχετ᾽","gloss":"my word"},{"surface":"ἐπείγετε","lemma":"ἐπείγω","morphology":"present active imperative, 2nd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"press on"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὦνον","lemma":"ὦνος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἐπείγετε","gloss":"buying"},{"surface":"ὁδαίων","lemma":"ὁδαῖος","morphology":"genitive plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies ὦνον","gloss":"of cargo"}]},{"number":446,"label":"446","id":"b15-l446","source":"ἀλλʼ ὅτε κεν δὴ νηῦς πλείη βιότοιο γένηται,","translation":"And when at last your ship is laden full with goods,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l446.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ὅτε","lemma":"ὅτε","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"κεν","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(modal)"},{"surface":"δὴ","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"νηῦς","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of γένηται","gloss":"the ship"},{"surface":"πλείη","lemma":"πλέως","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"full"},{"surface":"βιότοιο","lemma":"βίοτος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies πλείη","gloss":"of goods"},{"surface":"γένηται","lemma":"γίγνομαι","morphology":"aorist middle subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ὅτε","gloss":"becomes"}]},{"number":447,"label":"447","id":"b15-l447","source":"ἀγγελίη μοι ἔπειτα θοῶς ἐς δώμαθʼ ἱκέσθω·","translation":"then let word come quickly to me at the house;","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l447.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀγγελίη","lemma":"ἀγγελία","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ἱκέσθω","gloss":"word","note":"ἀγγελίη 'message, news' — she wants a signal sent to her once the ship is ready."},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular feminine pronoun","role":"object of ἱκέσθω","gloss":"to me"},{"surface":"ἔπειτα","lemma":"ἔπειτα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἱκέσθω","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"θοῶς","lemma":"θοός","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἱκέσθω","gloss":"quickly"},{"surface":"ἐς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"δώμαθ","lemma":"δῶμα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἐς","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"ἱκέσθω","lemma":"ἱκνέομαι","morphology":"aorist middle imperative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"let it come"}]},{"number":448,"label":"448","id":"b15-l448","source":"οἴσω γὰρ καὶ χρυσόν, ὅτις χʼ ὑποχείριος ἔλθῃ·","translation":"for I will bring gold too, whatever comes to my hand;","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l448.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οἴσω","lemma":"φέρω","morphology":"future active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I will bring"},{"surface":"γὰρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"χρυσόν","lemma":"χρυσός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of οἴσω","gloss":"gold"},{"surface":"ὅτις","lemma":"ὅστις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἔλθῃ","gloss":"whatever"},{"surface":"χ","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(modal)"},{"surface":"ὑποχείριος","lemma":"ὑποχείριος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"at hand","note":"ὑποχείριος 'under the hand, within reach' — whatever gold she can grab in the household."},{"surface":"ἔλθῃ","lemma":"ἔρχομαι","morphology":"aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing χρυσόν","gloss":"comes"}]},{"number":449,"label":"449","id":"b15-l449","source":"καὶ δέ κεν ἄλλʼ ἐπίβαθρον ἐγὼν ἐθέλουσά γε δοίην.","translation":"and there is something else I would gladly give for my passage.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l449.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ἐπίβαθρον","title":"Passage-fare","body":"The ἐπίβαθρον is the fare paid for boarding a ship. The woman offers it on top of the gold she will steal."}],"words":[{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"κεν","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"would","note":"κεν = ἄν, marks the potential mood with the optative δοίην."},{"surface":"ἄλλ","lemma":"ἄλλος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἐπίβαθρον","gloss":"something else"},{"surface":"ἐπίβαθρον","lemma":"ἐπίβαθρον","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of δοίην","gloss":"passage-fare","note":"ἐπίβαθρον, 'fare for boarding' — payment for passage on a ship."},{"surface":"ἐγὼν","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject of δοίην","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"ἐθέλουσά","lemma":"ἐθέλω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to δοίην","gloss":"willing"},{"surface":"γε","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"at least"},{"surface":"δοίην","lemma":"δίδωμι","morphology":"aorist active optative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"would give","note":"optative of δίδωμι expressing a wish/potential, 'I would gladly give.'"}]},{"number":450,"label":"450","id":"b15-l450","source":"παῖδα γὰρ ἀνδρὸς ἑῆος ἐνὶ μεγάροις ἀτιτάλλω,","translation":"For I am nursing the son of my own master within his halls,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l450.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"παῖδα","lemma":"παῖς","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἀτιτάλλω","gloss":"child"},{"surface":"γὰρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"ἀνδρὸς","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies παῖδα","gloss":"of a man"},{"surface":"ἑῆος","lemma":"ἐύς","morphology":"genitive singular adjective","role":"modifies ἀνδρὸς","gloss":"noble","note":"ἐύς, epic adjective 'good/noble', archaic form rare outside Homer."},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"μεγάροις","lemma":"μέγαρον","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ἐνὶ","gloss":"halls"},{"surface":"ἀτιτάλλω","lemma":"ἀτιτάλλω","morphology":"present active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I nurse"}]},{"number":451,"label":"451","id":"b15-l451","source":"κερδαλέον δὴ τοῖον, ἅμα τροχόωντα θύραζε·","translation":"a clever little thing, who runs about beside me out of doors;","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l451.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"κερδαλέον","lemma":"κερδαλέος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ,","gloss":"clever"},{"surface":"δὴ","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"τοῖον","lemma":"τοῖος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies κερδαλέον","gloss":"such a"},{"surface":"ἅμα","lemma":"ἅμα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to τροχόωντα","gloss":"together"},{"surface":"τροχόωντα","lemma":"τροχάζω","morphology":"future active participle, accusative singular masculine","role":"modifies ,","gloss":"toddling"},{"surface":"θύραζε","lemma":"θύραζε","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of τροχόωντα","gloss":"out of doors"}]},{"number":452,"label":"452","id":"b15-l452","source":"τόν κεν ἄγοιμʼ ἐπὶ νηός, ὁ δʼ ὑμῖν μυρίον ὦνον","translation":"him I would bring aboard the ship, and he would fetch you a vast price","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l452.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τόν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἄγοιμ᾽","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"κεν","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"would","note":"κεν with optative ἄγοιμ᾽ — potential, 'I would bring.'"},{"surface":"ἄγοιμ","lemma":"ἄγω","morphology":"present active optative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I would bring"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"onto"},{"surface":"νηός","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐπὶ","gloss":"the ship"},{"surface":"ὁ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἄλφοι","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὑμῖν","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative plural pronoun","role":"object of ἄλφοι","gloss":"for you"},{"surface":"μυρίον","lemma":"μυρίος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ὦνον","gloss":"vast"},{"surface":"ὦνον","lemma":"ὦνος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἄλφοι","gloss":"a price"}]},{"number":453,"label":"453","id":"b15-l453","source":"ἄλφοι, ὅπῃ περάσητε κατʼ ἀλλοθρόους ἀνθρώπους.","translation":"wherever you sell him among men of foreign speech.\"","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l453.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ἀλλοθρόους","title":"Foreign-tongued","body":"ἀλλόθροος means literally \"of another voice/speech,\" marking foreigners by their unintelligible language."}],"words":[{"surface":"ἄλφοι","lemma":"ἀλφάνω","morphology":"aorist active optative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"would fetch","note":"ἄλφοι, optative of ἀλφάνω 'to fetch a price', a specialized trade verb."},{"surface":"ὅπῃ","lemma":"ὅπη","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of περάσητε","gloss":"wherever"},{"surface":"περάσητε","lemma":"περάω","morphology":"aorist active subjunctive, 2nd plural verb","role":"adverbial to ἄλφοι","gloss":"you sell him","note":"subjunctive in an indefinite clause with ὅπῃ, 'wherever you may sell.'"},{"surface":"κατ","lemma":"κατά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"among"},{"surface":"ἀλλοθρόους","lemma":"ἀλλόθροος","morphology":"accusative plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἀνθρώπους","gloss":"foreign-speaking"},{"surface":"ἀνθρώπους","lemma":"ἄνθρωπος","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"adverbial to κατ᾽","gloss":"men"}]},{"number":454,"label":"454","id":"b15-l454","source":"ἡ μὲν ἄρʼ ὣς εἰποῦσʼ ἀπέβη πρὸς δώματα καλά,","translation":"So having spoken she went away to the fair house,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l454.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἡ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject of ἀπέβη","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ἄρ","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to εἰποῦσ᾽","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"εἰποῦσ","lemma":"εἶπον","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to ἀπέβη","gloss":"having spoken","note":"εἰποῦσ᾽, aorist participle of the suppletive verb εἶπον, agreeing with the subject 'she.'"},{"surface":"ἀπέβη","lemma":"ἀποβαίνω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"she went away"},{"surface":"πρὸς","lemma":"πρός","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"δώματα","lemma":"δῶμα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of πρὸς","gloss":"the house"},{"surface":"καλά","lemma":"καλός","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies δώματα","gloss":"fair"}]},{"number":455,"label":"455","id":"b15-l455","source":"οἱ δʼ ἐνιαυτὸν ἅπαντα παρʼ ἡμῖν αὖθι μένοντες","translation":"while they stayed on there with us a whole year long,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l455.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἐμπολόωντο","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐνιαυτὸν","lemma":"ἐνιαυτός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to μένοντες","gloss":"a year"},{"surface":"ἅπαντα","lemma":"ἅπας","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἐνιαυτὸν","gloss":"whole"},{"surface":"παρ","lemma":"παρά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"with"},{"surface":"ἡμῖν","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative plural masculine pronoun","role":"adverbial to παρ᾽","gloss":"us"},{"surface":"αὖθι","lemma":"αὖθι","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to μένοντες","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"μένοντες","lemma":"μένω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative plural masculine","role":"adverbial to ἐμπολόωντο","gloss":"staying","note":"μένοντες, present participle spanning the whole clause into next line's main verb ἐμπολόωντο."}]},{"number":456,"label":"456","id":"b15-l456","source":"ἐν νηῒ γλαφυρῇ βίοτον πολὺν ἐμπολόωντο.","translation":"buying up a great store of goods for their hollow ship.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l456.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"νηῒ","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐν","gloss":"ship"},{"surface":"γλαφυρῇ","lemma":"γλαφυρός","morphology":"dative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies νηῒ","gloss":"hollow"},{"surface":"βίοτον","lemma":"βίοτος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἐμπολόωντο","gloss":"goods"},{"surface":"πολὺν","lemma":"πολύς","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies βίοτον","gloss":"great store of"},{"surface":"ἐμπολόωντο","lemma":"ἐμπολάω","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"they were buying up","note":"ἐμπολόωντο, imperfect middle 'trading/buying for themselves' — durative, ongoing barter."}]},{"number":457,"label":"457","id":"b15-l457","source":"ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ κοίλη νηῦς ἤχθετο τοῖσι νέεσθαι,","translation":"But when the hollow ship was loaded for their voyage home,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l457.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ὅτε","lemma":"ὅτε","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"δὴ","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"κοίλη","lemma":"κοῖλος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies νηῦς","gloss":"hollow"},{"surface":"νηῦς","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ἤχθετο","gloss":"the ship"},{"surface":"ἤχθετο","lemma":"ἄχθομαι","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ὅτε","gloss":"was loaded","note":"ἤχθετο from ἄχθομαι, here 'was weighed down/laden' with cargo, not its usual sense 'be vexed.'"},{"surface":"τοῖσι","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"dative plural neuter pronoun","role":"object of ἤχθετο","gloss":"for them"},{"surface":"νέεσθαι","lemma":"νέομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive infinitive","role":"adverbial to ἤχθετο","gloss":"to go home"}]},{"number":458,"label":"458","id":"b15-l458","source":"καὶ τότʼ ἄρʼ ἄγγελον ἧκαν, ὃς ἀγγείλειε γυναικί.","translation":"then they sent a messenger to carry word to the woman.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l458.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τότ","lemma":"τότε","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἧκαν","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"ἄρ","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ἄγγελον","lemma":"ἄγγελος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἧκαν","gloss":"a messenger"},{"surface":"ἧκαν","lemma":"ἵημι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"they sent"},{"surface":"ὃς","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἀγγείλειε","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"ἀγγείλειε","lemma":"ἀγγέλλω","morphology":"aorist active optative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ἄγγελον","gloss":"would tell","note":"optative ἀγγείλειε in a purpose/relative clause of intended result, 'who was to carry word.'"},{"surface":"γυναικί","lemma":"γυνή","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἀγγείλειε","gloss":"to the woman"}]},{"number":459,"label":"459","id":"b15-l459","source":"ἤλυθʼ ἀνὴρ πολύϊδρις ἐμοῦ πρὸς δώματα πατρὸς","translation":"A man full of cunning came to my father's house","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l459.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"πολύϊδρις","title":"Much-knowing","body":"πολύϊδρις means \"of much knowledge, very cunning\" — the same root (ιδ-, to know/see) that gives Odysseus his shrewdness."}],"words":[{"surface":"ἤλυθ","lemma":"ἔρχομαι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"ἀνὴρ","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἤλυθ᾽","gloss":"a man"},{"surface":"πολύϊδρις","lemma":"πολύιδρις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies ἀνὴρ","gloss":"full of cunning","note":"πολύϊδρις, a striking compound epithet 'much-knowing', marking the Phoenician trader as wily."},{"surface":"ἐμοῦ","lemma":"ἐμός","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies πατρὸς","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"πρὸς","lemma":"πρός","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"δώματα","lemma":"δῶμα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of πρὸς","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"πατρὸς","lemma":"πατήρ","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies δώματα","gloss":"father's"}]},{"number":460,"label":"460","id":"b15-l460","source":"χρύσεον ὅρμον ἔχων, μετὰ δʼ ἠλέκτροισιν ἔερτο.","translation":"with a golden necklace, strung here and there with amber.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l460.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"χρύσεον","lemma":"χρύσεος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ὅρμον","gloss":"golden"},{"surface":"ὅρμον","lemma":"ὅρμος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἔχων","gloss":"necklace"},{"surface":"ἔχων","lemma":"ἔχω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἤλυθ᾽","gloss":"having"},{"surface":"μετὰ","lemma":"μετά","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"amid"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἠλέκτροισιν","lemma":"ἤλεκτρον","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἔερτο","gloss":"with amber"},{"surface":"ἔερτο","lemma":"εἴρω","morphology":"pluperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"was strung","note":"ἔερτο, pluperfect passive of εἴρω 'string/thread' — describes beads already strung on the necklace."}]},{"number":461,"label":"461","id":"b15-l461","source":"τὸν μὲν ἄρʼ ἐν μεγάρῳ δμῳαὶ καὶ πότνια μήτηρ","translation":"This the maids in the hall and my honored mother","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l461.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ἄρ","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"μεγάρῳ","lemma":"μέγαρον","morphology":"dative singular neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ἐν","gloss":"the hall"},{"surface":"δμῳαὶ","lemma":"δμωή","morphology":"nominative plural feminine noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"maids"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"πότνια","lemma":"πότνια","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies μήτηρ","gloss":"honored","note":"πότνια, a formulaic Homeric epithet for a revered woman, often used of goddesses too."},{"surface":"μήτηρ","lemma":"μήτηρ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"mother"}]},{"number":462,"label":"462","id":"b15-l462","source":"χερσίν τʼ ἀμφαφόωντο καὶ ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ὁρῶντο,","translation":"kept handling in their hands and gazing on with their eyes,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l462.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"χερσίν","lemma":"χείρ","morphology":"dative plural feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἀμφαφόωντο","gloss":"with hands"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἀμφαφόωντο","lemma":"ἀμφαφάω","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"kept handling","note":"ἀμφαφόωντο, imperfect 'were feeling all over' — iterative sense of repeated touching/admiring."},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὀφθαλμοῖσιν","lemma":"ὀφθαλμός","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ὁρῶντο","gloss":"with eyes"},{"surface":"ὁρῶντο","lemma":"ὁράω","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"kept gazing"}]},{"number":463,"label":"463","id":"b15-l463","source":"ὦνον ὑπισχόμεναι· ὁ δὲ τῇ κατένευσε σιωπῇ.","translation":"offering a price; and he nodded silently to the woman.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l463.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὦνον","lemma":"ὦνος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ὑπισχόμεναι","gloss":"a price"},{"surface":"ὑπισχόμεναι","lemma":"ὑπίσχομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, nominative plural feminine","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"offering"},{"surface":"ὁ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of κατένευσε","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τῇ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"dative singular feminine pronoun","role":"object of κατένευσε","gloss":"to her"},{"surface":"κατένευσε","lemma":"κατανεύω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"he nodded assent"},{"surface":"σιωπῇ","lemma":"σιωπή","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to κατένευσε","gloss":"silently","note":"σιωπῇ, dative of manner — the nod itself replaces speech, a secret bargain."}]},{"number":464,"label":"464","id":"b15-l464","source":"ἦ τοι ὁ καννεύσας κοίλην ἐπὶ νῆα βεβήκει,","translation":"Then, having given the nod, he went off to the hollow ship,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l464.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἦ","lemma":"ἦ","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"truly"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"τοι","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ὁ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of βεβήκει","gloss":"he"},{"surface":"καννεύσας","lemma":"κατανεύω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to βεβήκει","gloss":"having nodded","note":"καννεύσας, variant epic spelling of κατανεύσας (from κατανεύω), same verb as w6 of the prior line."},{"surface":"κοίλην","lemma":"κοῖλος","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies νῆα","gloss":"hollow"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"νῆα","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐπὶ","gloss":"ship"},{"surface":"βεβήκει","lemma":"βαίνω","morphology":"pluperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"had gone","note":"βεβήκει, pluperfect of βαίνω — 'had already gone/gone back' by the time of the next event."}]},{"number":465,"label":"465","id":"b15-l465","source":"ἡ δʼ ἐμὲ χειρὸς ἑλοῦσα δόμων ἐξῆγε θύραζε.","translation":"and she, taking me by the hand, led me out of the house.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l465.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἡ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject of ἐξῆγε","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐμὲ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἑλοῦσα","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"χειρὸς","lemma":"χείρ","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἑλοῦσα","gloss":"by the hand"},{"surface":"ἑλοῦσα","lemma":"αἱρέω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to ἐξῆγε","gloss":"taking","note":"ἑλοῦσα, aorist participle of αἱρέω 'take/seize' — she takes the girl's hand before leading her."},{"surface":"δόμων","lemma":"δόμος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"object of ἐξῆγε","gloss":"from the house"},{"surface":"ἐξῆγε","lemma":"ἐξάγω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"led out"},{"surface":"θύραζε","lemma":"θύραζε","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of ἐξῆγε","gloss":"out of doors"}]},{"number":466,"label":"466","id":"b15-l466","source":"εὗρε δʼ ἐνὶ προδόμῳ ἠμὲν δέπα ἠδὲ τραπέζας","translation":"In the forecourt she found the cups and the tables","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l466.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εὗρε","lemma":"εὑρίσκω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"she found"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"προδόμῳ","lemma":"πρόδομος","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐνὶ","gloss":"forecourt"},{"surface":"ἠμὲν","lemma":"ἠμέν","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"both"},{"surface":"δέπα","lemma":"δέπας","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἠδὲ","gloss":"cups"},{"surface":"ἠδὲ","lemma":"ἠδέ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τραπέζας","lemma":"τράπεζα","morphology":"accusative plural feminine noun","role":"object of ἠδὲ","gloss":"tables"}]},{"number":467,"label":"467","id":"b15-l467","source":"ἀνδρῶν δαιτυμόνων, οἵ μευ πατέρʼ ἀμφεπένοντο.","translation":"of the men who had feasted, who waited upon my father.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l467.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀνδρῶν","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies ἠδὲ","gloss":"of men"},{"surface":"δαιτυμόνων","lemma":"δαιτυμών","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"feasting","note":"δαιτυμόνων, 'banqueters' — genitive plural noun modifying ἀνδρῶν, describing the guests just departed."},{"surface":"οἵ","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἀμφεπένοντο","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"μευ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"genitive singular masculine pronoun","role":"modifies πατέρ᾽","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"πατέρ","lemma":"πατήρ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἀμφεπένοντο","gloss":"father"},{"surface":"ἀμφεπένοντο","lemma":"ἀμφιπένομαι","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ἀνδρῶν","gloss":"were waiting upon"}]},{"number":468,"label":"468","id":"b15-l468","source":"οἱ μὲν ἄρʼ ἐς θῶκον πρόμολον, δήμοιό τε φῆμιν,","translation":"They had gone out to the meeting-place and the people's council,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l468.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of πρόμολον","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ἄρ","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"ἐς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"θῶκον","lemma":"θᾶκος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of τε","gloss":"the meeting-place"},{"surface":"πρόμολον","lemma":"προβλώσκω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"had gone out","note":"πρόμολον, aorist of προβλώσκω 'go forth' — rare epic verb form used only in Homer."},{"surface":"δήμοιό","lemma":"δῆμος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies φῆμιν","gloss":"of the people"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"φῆμιν","lemma":"φῆμις","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of τε","gloss":"the council"}]},{"number":469,"label":"469","id":"b15-l469","source":"ἡ δʼ αἶψα τρίʼ ἄλεισα κατακρύψασʼ ὑπὸ κόλπῳ","translation":"and she at once, hiding three cups beneath her dress,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l469.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἡ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine pronoun","role":"subject of ἔκφερεν","gloss":"she"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"αἶψα","lemma":"αἶψα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἔκφερεν","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"τρί","lemma":"τρεῖς","morphology":"numeral","role":"modifies ἄλεισα","gloss":"three"},{"surface":"ἄλεισα","lemma":"ἄλεισον","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of κατακρύψασ᾽","gloss":"cups"},{"surface":"κατακρύψασ","lemma":"κατακρύπτω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to ἔκφερεν","gloss":"hiding","note":"κατακρύψασ᾽, aorist participle — she conceals the cups under her cloak before carrying them off."},{"surface":"ὑπὸ","lemma":"ὑπό","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"beneath"},{"surface":"κόλπῳ","lemma":"κόλπος","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ὑπὸ","gloss":"her dress"}]},{"number":470,"label":"470","id":"b15-l470","source":"ἔκφερεν· αὐτὰρ ἐγὼν ἑπόμην ἀεσιφροσύνῃσι.","translation":"carried them off; and I followed in my childish folly.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l470.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ἀεσιφροσύνῃσι","title":"Childish folly","body":"ἀεσιφροσύνη is thoughtless, reckless folly. The dative here means \"out of folly\" — Eumaeus excuses his boyhood self."}],"words":[{"surface":"ἔκφερεν","lemma":"ἐκφέρω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"carried off"},{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἐγὼν","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἑπόμην","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"ἑπόμην","lemma":"ἕπομαι","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"followed"},{"surface":"ἀεσιφροσύνῃσι","lemma":"ἀεσιφροσύνη","morphology":"dative plural feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἑπόμην","gloss":"in childish folly","note":"ἀεσιφροσύνῃσι, rare compound noun 'follies of a foolish mind' — the narrator's self-blame as a naive child."}]},{"number":471,"label":"471","id":"b15-l471","source":"δύσετό τʼ ἠέλιος, σκιόωντό τε πᾶσαι ἀγυιαί·","translation":"The sun went down and all the streets grew dark;","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l471.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δύσετό","lemma":"δύω","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"set","note":"δύσετό, aorist middle of δύω 'sink/set' — the sun's setting, marking dusk."},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἠέλιος","lemma":"ἠέλιος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of δύσετό","gloss":"the sun"},{"surface":"σκιόωντό","lemma":"σκιάω","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"grew dark","note":"σκιόωντό, imperfect passive 'were shadowed over' — vivid image of streets darkening at dusk."},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"πᾶσαι","lemma":"πᾶς","morphology":"nominative plural feminine adjective","role":"modifies ἀγυιαί","gloss":"all"},{"surface":"ἀγυιαί","lemma":"ἀγυιά","morphology":"nominative plural feminine noun","role":"subject of σκιόωντό","gloss":"streets"}]},{"number":472,"label":"472","id":"b15-l472","source":"ἡμεῖς δʼ ἐς λιμένα κλυτὸν ἤλθομεν ὦκα κιόντες,","translation":"and we came in haste to the famous harbor,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l472.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἡμεῖς","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἤλθομεν","gloss":"we"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"λιμένα","lemma":"λιμήν","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἐς","gloss":"harbor"},{"surface":"κλυτὸν","lemma":"κλυτός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies λιμένα","gloss":"famous"},{"surface":"ἤλθομεν","lemma":"ἔρχομαι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 1st plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"we came"},{"surface":"ὦκα","lemma":"ὦκα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to κιόντες","gloss":"swiftly"},{"surface":"κιόντες","lemma":"κίω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative plural masculine","role":"adverbial to ἤλθομεν","gloss":"going","note":"κιόντες, participle from epic verb κίω 'go' — reinforces ἤλθομεν, common Homeric doubling."}]},{"number":473,"label":"473","id":"b15-l473","source":"ἔνθʼ ἄρα Φοινίκων ἀνδρῶν ἦν ὠκύαλος νηῦς.","translation":"where the swift-sailing ship of the Phoenician men lay.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l473.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔνθ","lemma":"ἔνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἦν","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"ἄρα","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"Φοινίκων","lemma":"Φοῖνιξ","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies ἀνδρῶν","gloss":"of the Phoenicians"},{"surface":"ἀνδρῶν","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies νηῦς","gloss":"men"},{"surface":"ἦν","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing λιμένα","gloss":"was"},{"surface":"ὠκύαλος","lemma":"ὠκύαλος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies νηῦς","gloss":"swift-sailing","note":"ὠκύαλος, compound epithet 'swift over the sea' — a formulaic Homeric ship-epithet."},{"surface":"νηῦς","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ἦν","gloss":"ship"}]},{"number":474,"label":"474","id":"b15-l474","source":"οἱ μὲν ἔπειτʼ ἀναβάντες ἐπέπλεον ὑγρὰ κέλευθα,","translation":"Then they went aboard and sailed the watery ways,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l474.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἐπέπλεον","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ἔπειτ","lemma":"ἔπειτα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐπέπλεον","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"ἀναβάντες","lemma":"ἀναβαίνω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative plural masculine","role":"adverbial to ἐπέπλεον","gloss":"having boarded"},{"surface":"ἐπέπλεον","lemma":"ἐπιπλέω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"sailed on","note":"ἐπέπλεον, imperfect 'were sailing over' — durative sense of the voyage underway."},{"surface":"ὑγρὰ","lemma":"ὑγρός","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies κέλευθα","gloss":"watery"},{"surface":"κέλευθα","lemma":"κέλευθος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἐπέπλεον","gloss":"ways","note":"ὑγρὰ κέλευθα, Homeric formula 'the wet paths' meaning the sea-routes."}]},{"number":475,"label":"475","id":"b15-l475","source":"νὼ ἀναβησάμενοι· ἐπὶ δὲ Ζεὺς οὖρον ἴαλλεν.","translation":"taking the two of us aboard; and Zeus sent a fair wind after.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l475.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"νὼ","title":"Dual: \"the two of us\"","body":"νώ is the dual accusative of the first-person pronoun, \"us two\" — the woman and the child. Homer uses the dual for natural pairs."}],"words":[{"surface":"νὼ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative dual masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἀναβησάμενοι","gloss":"us two","note":"νὼ, dual pronoun 'the two of us' — the narrator and the nurse, marked grammatically as a pair."},{"surface":"ἀναβησάμενοι","lemma":"ἀναβαίνω","morphology":"aorist middle participle, nominative plural masculine","role":"adverbial to ἐπέπλεον","gloss":"taking aboard"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"after"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Ζεὺς","lemma":"Ζεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἴαλλεν","gloss":"Zeus"},{"surface":"οὖρον","lemma":"οὖρος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἴαλλεν","gloss":"a fair wind"},{"surface":"ἴαλλεν","lemma":"ἰάλλω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"sent"}]},{"number":476,"label":"476","id":"b15-l476","source":"ἑξῆμαρ μὲν ὁμῶς πλέομεν νύκτας τε καὶ ἦμαρ·","translation":"For six days alike we sailed, by night and by day;","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l476.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἑξῆμαρ","lemma":"ἑξῆμαρ","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to πλέομεν","gloss":"six days","note":"ἑξῆμαρ, epic numeral adverb 'for six days' fused into a single compound."},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ὁμῶς","lemma":"ὁμῶς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to πλέομεν","gloss":"alike"},{"surface":"πλέομεν","lemma":"πλέω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 1st plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"we sailed"},{"surface":"νύκτας","lemma":"νύξ","morphology":"accusative plural feminine noun","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"nights"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"both"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἦμαρ","lemma":"ἦμαρ","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"day"}]},{"number":477,"label":"477","id":"b15-l477","source":"ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ ἕβδομον ἦμαρ ἐπὶ Ζεὺς θῆκε Κρονίων,","translation":"but when Zeus son of Cronos brought on the seventh day,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l477.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ὅτε","lemma":"ὅτε","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"δὴ","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ἕβδομον","lemma":"ἕβδομος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἦμαρ","gloss":"seventh"},{"surface":"ἦμαρ","lemma":"ἦμαρ","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of θῆκε","gloss":"day"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"on, upon","note":"ἐπί here strengthens θῆκε 'brought on' rather than governing a case."},{"surface":"Ζεὺς","lemma":"Ζεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of θῆκε","gloss":"Zeus"},{"surface":"θῆκε","lemma":"τίθημι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ὅτε","gloss":"brought, set","note":"aorist active indicative marking a specific narrated event ('brought on the seventh day'), not a gnomic aorist; a common formulaic time-marker in Homer."},{"surface":"Κρονίων","lemma":"Κρονίων","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies Ζεὺς","gloss":"son of Cronos"}]},{"number":478,"label":"478","id":"b15-l478","source":"τὴν μὲν ἔπειτα γυναῖκα βάλʼ Ἄρτεμις ἰοχέαιρα,","translation":"then Artemis the archer struck down the woman,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l478.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ἰοχέαιρα","title":"Arrow-pouring","body":"ἰοχέαιρα, \"she who pours forth arrows,\" is a standing epithet of Artemis, whose shafts bring sudden death to women."}],"words":[{"surface":"τὴν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular feminine article","role":"modifies γυναῖκα","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"[marks contrast]"},{"surface":"ἔπειτα","lemma":"ἔπειτα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to βάλ᾽","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"γυναῖκα","lemma":"γυνή","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of βάλ᾽","gloss":"woman"},{"surface":"βάλ","lemma":"βάλλω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"struck down","note":"aorist βάλλω 'shot/struck down' — the standard verb for a fatal arrow-shot."},{"surface":"Ἄρτεμις","lemma":"Ἄρτεμις","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of βάλ᾽","gloss":"Artemis"},{"surface":"ἰοχέαιρα","lemma":"ἰοχέαιρα","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies Ἄρτεμις","gloss":"archer","note":"ἰοχέαιρα 'arrow-pourer' is a fixed epic epithet of Artemis."}]},{"number":479,"label":"479","id":"b15-l479","source":"ἄντλῳ δʼ ἐνδούπησε πεσοῦσʼ ὡς εἰναλίη κήξ.","translation":"and she crashed down into the bilge like a seagull plunging.","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l479.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἄντλῳ","lemma":"ἄντλος","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object of πεσοῦσ᾽","gloss":"bilge water"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐνδούπησε","lemma":"ἐνδουπέω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"crashed down","note":"ἐνδουπέω, an onomatopoeic thud-verb used for a heavy fall."},{"surface":"πεσοῦσ","lemma":"πίπτω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular feminine","role":"adverbial to ἐνδούπησε","gloss":"falling"},{"surface":"ὡς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial","gloss":"as, like"},{"surface":"εἰναλίη","lemma":"ἐνάλιος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies κήξ","gloss":"of the sea"},{"surface":"κήξ","lemma":"κήξ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"seagull","note":"κήξ, a rare Homeric bird-name (a diving seabird) used just for this simile."}]},{"number":480,"label":"480","id":"b15-l480","source":"καὶ τὴν μὲν φώκῃσι καὶ ἰχθύσι κύρμα γενέσθαι","translation":"And her they threw out, to be prey for the seals and the fish,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l480.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τὴν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular feminine pronoun","role":"object of ἔκβαλον","gloss":"her"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"[marks contrast]"},{"surface":"φώκῃσι","lemma":"φώκη","morphology":"dative plural feminine noun","role":"modifies καὶ","gloss":"for seals"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἰχθύσι","lemma":"ἰχθύς","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"modifies καὶ","gloss":"for fish"},{"surface":"κύρμα","lemma":"κύρμα","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"prey","note":"predicate accusative with γενέσθαι: 'to become prey.'"},{"surface":"γενέσθαι","lemma":"γίγνομαι","morphology":"aorist infinitive","role":"adverbial to ἔκβαλον","gloss":"to become"}]},{"number":481,"label":"481","id":"b15-l481","source":"ἔκβαλον· αὐτὰρ ἐγὼ λιπόμην ἀκαχήμενος ἦτορ·","translation":"overboard; but I was left grieving in my heart.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l481.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔκβαλον","lemma":"ἐκβάλλω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"they threw overboard","note":"3rd plural aorist ἐκβάλλω, subject is the sailors (unstated) — she is 'thrown out.'"},{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἐγὼ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of λιπόμην","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"λιπόμην","lemma":"λείπω","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"was left"},{"surface":"ἀκαχήμενος","lemma":"ἀχεύω","morphology":"perfect passive participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to λιπόμην","gloss":"grieving","note":"perfect participle of ἀχεύω, expressing a lasting state of grief."},{"surface":"ἦτορ","lemma":"ἦτορ","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ἀκαχήμενος","gloss":"heart"}]},{"number":482,"label":"482","id":"b15-l482","source":"τοὺς δʼ Ἰθάκῃ ἐπέλασσε φέρων ἄνεμός τε καὶ ὕδωρ,","translation":"Wind and water bore them and brought them to Ithaca,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l482.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τοὺς","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative plural masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἐπέλασσε","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Ἰθάκῃ","lemma":"Ἰθάκη","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐπέλασσε","gloss":"to Ithaca"},{"surface":"ἐπέλασσε","lemma":"ἐπελαύνω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"drove, brought","note":"ἐπελαύνω 'drove to' — wind and water are the grammatical subject, an unusual non-human agent."},{"surface":"φέρων","lemma":"φέρω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἐπέλασσε","gloss":"bearing"},{"surface":"ἄνεμός","lemma":"ἄνεμος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"wind"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὕδωρ","lemma":"ὕδωρ","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"water"}]},{"number":483,"label":"483","id":"b15-l483","source":"ἔνθα με Λαέρτης πρίατο κτεάτεσσιν ἑοῖσιν.","translation":"where Laertes bought me with his own possessions.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l483.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔνθα","lemma":"ἔνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to πρίατο","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"με","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of πρίατο","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"Λαέρτης","lemma":"Λαέρτης","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of πρίατο","gloss":"Laertes"},{"surface":"πρίατο","lemma":"πρίαμαι","morphology":"imperfect indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing Ἰθάκῃ","gloss":"bought","note":"πρίαμαι, a rare verb of purchase — marks Eumaeus/the speaker as once enslaved."},{"surface":"κτεάτεσσιν","lemma":"κτέαρ","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to πρίατο","gloss":"with possessions"},{"surface":"ἑοῖσιν","lemma":"ἑός","morphology":"dative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies κτεάτεσσιν","gloss":"his own"}]},{"number":484,"label":"484","id":"b15-l484","source":"οὕτω τήνδε τε γαῖαν ἐγὼν ἴδον ὀφθαλμοῖσι.","translation":"And so it was that I saw this land with my own eyes.\"","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l484.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οὕτω","lemma":"οὕτως","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἴδον","gloss":"thus, so"},{"surface":"τήνδε","lemma":"ὅδε","morphology":"accusative singular feminine pronoun","role":"modifies γαῖαν","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"[and]"},{"surface":"γαῖαν","lemma":"γαῖα","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἴδον","gloss":"land"},{"surface":"ἐγὼν","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἴδον","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"ἴδον","lemma":"εἶδον","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"saw","note":"εἶδον, root aorist 'saw' (from ὁράω-family), 1st singular."},{"surface":"ὀφθαλμοῖσι","lemma":"ὀφθαλμός","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἴδον","gloss":"with my eyes"}]},{"number":485,"label":"485","id":"b15-l485","source":"τὸν δʼ αὖ διογενὴς Ὀδυσεὺς ἠμείβετο μύθῳ·","translation":"Then Odysseus, sprung from Zeus, answered him and said:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l485.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"διογενὴς","title":"Zeus-born","body":"διογενής, \"sprung from Zeus,\" is a heroic epithet marking divine descent and honor; here attached to Odysseus."}],"words":[{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἠμείβετο","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"[and]"},{"surface":"αὖ","lemma":"αὖ","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἠμείβετο","gloss":"again, in turn"},{"surface":"διογενὴς","lemma":"διογενής","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ὀδυσεὺς","gloss":"Zeus-born","note":"διογενής, a heroic epithet applied to Odysseus, 'sprung from Zeus.'"},{"surface":"Ὀδυσεὺς","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἠμείβετο","gloss":"Odysseus"},{"surface":"ἠμείβετο","lemma":"ἀμείβω","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"answered"},{"surface":"μύθῳ","lemma":"μῦθος","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἠμείβετο","gloss":"with a word","note":"μύθῳ + ἠμείβετο is the standard Homeric formula for 'replied, saying.'"}]},{"number":486,"label":"486","id":"b15-l486","source":"Εὔμαιʼ, ἦ μάλα δή μοι ἐνὶ φρεσὶ θυμὸν ὄρινας","translation":"\"Eumaeus, deeply indeed have you stirred the heart in my breast","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l486.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Εὔμαι","lemma":"Εὔμαιος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"Eumaeus"},{"surface":"ἦ","lemma":"ἦ","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"truly"},{"surface":"μάλα","lemma":"μάλα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ὄρινας","gloss":"greatly"},{"surface":"δή","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"modifies θυμὸν","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"φρεσὶ","lemma":"φρήν","morphology":"dative plural noun","role":"modifies ἐνὶ","gloss":"in heart/mind","note":"φρεσί, dative plural of φρήν, the seat of thought/feeling in Homer."},{"surface":"θυμὸν","lemma":"θυμός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ὄρινας","gloss":"heart, spirit"},{"surface":"ὄρινας","lemma":"ὀρίνω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"stirred","note":"ὀρίνω 'stirred/roused,' 2nd singular aorist addressed to Eumaeus."}]},{"number":487,"label":"487","id":"b15-l487","source":"ταῦτα ἕκαστα λέγων, ὅσα δὴ πάθες ἄλγεα θυμῷ.","translation":"telling out each of these things, all the sorrows you have suffered in your spirit.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l487.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ταῦτα","lemma":"οὗτος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of λέγων","gloss":"these things"},{"surface":"ἕκαστα","lemma":"ἕκαστος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies ταῦτα","gloss":"each"},{"surface":"λέγων","lemma":"λέγω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ὄρινας","gloss":"telling"},{"surface":"ὅσα","lemma":"ὅσος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἄλγεα","gloss":"all that"},{"surface":"δὴ","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"πάθες","lemma":"πάσχω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ταῦτα","gloss":"you suffered","note":"πάσχω aorist πάθες, 2nd singular — the archetypal Odyssean verb of enduring hardship."},{"surface":"ἄλγεα","lemma":"ἄλγος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of πάθες","gloss":"sorrows"},{"surface":"θυμῷ","lemma":"θυμός","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to πάθες","gloss":"in spirit"}]},{"number":488,"label":"488","id":"b15-l488","source":"ἀλλʼ ἦ τοι σοὶ μὲν παρὰ καὶ κακῷ ἐσθλὸν ἔθηκε","translation":"Yet truly, alongside the evil Zeus has set good for you","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l488.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἦ","lemma":"ἦ","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"truly"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"τοι","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"σοὶ","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"object of ἔθηκε","gloss":"for you"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"[marks contrast]"},{"surface":"παρὰ","lemma":"παρά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"alongside"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"even, also"},{"surface":"κακῷ","lemma":"κακός","morphology":"dative singular neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to παρὰ","gloss":"with evil"},{"surface":"ἐσθλὸν","lemma":"ἐσθλός","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"object of ἔθηκε","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"ἔθηκε","lemma":"τίθημι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"has set","note":"τίθημι aorist ἔθηκε 'has set/placed' — good set alongside evil, a proverbial Homeric idea."}]},{"number":489,"label":"489","id":"b15-l489","source":"Ζεύς, ἐπεὶ ἀνδρὸς δώματʼ ἀφίκεο πολλὰ μογήσας","translation":"as well, since after much hardship you came to the house","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l489.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Ζεύς","lemma":"Ζεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἔθηκε","gloss":"Zeus"},{"surface":"ἐπεὶ","lemma":"ἐπεί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"ἀνδρὸς","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies δώματ᾽","gloss":"of a man"},{"surface":"δώματ","lemma":"δῶμα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἀφίκεο","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"ἀφίκεο","lemma":"ἀφικνέομαι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"adverbial to δ᾽","gloss":"you came","note":"aorist middle ἀφικνέομαι, 2nd singular, 'you arrived at.'"},{"surface":"πολλὰ","lemma":"πολύς","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of μογήσας","gloss":"much, greatly"},{"surface":"μογήσας","lemma":"μογέω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἀφίκεο","gloss":"having toiled","note":"μογήσας, aorist participle 'having suffered hardship' — echoes Odysseus's epithet πολύτλας."}]},{"number":490,"label":"490","id":"b15-l490","source":"ἠπίου, ὃς δή τοι παρέχει βρῶσίν τε πόσιν τε","translation":"of a kindly man, who gives you food and drink","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l490.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἠπίου","lemma":"ἤπιος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ,","gloss":"kindly"},{"surface":"ὃς","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of παρέχει","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"δή","lemma":"δή","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"object of παρέχει","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"παρέχει","lemma":"παρέχω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ,","gloss":"provides"},{"surface":"βρῶσίν","lemma":"βρῶσις","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of τε","gloss":"food"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"πόσιν","lemma":"πόσις","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of τε","gloss":"drink"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"}]},{"number":491,"label":"491","id":"b15-l491","source":"ἐνδυκέως, ζώεις δʼ ἀγαθὸν βίον· αὐτὰρ ἐγώ γε","translation":"with care, and you live a good life; but as for me,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l491.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐνδυκέως","lemma":"ἐνδυκέως","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to παρέχει","gloss":"attentively, kindly"},{"surface":"ζώεις","lemma":"ζώω","morphology":"present active indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"adverbial to δ᾽","gloss":"you live"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἀγαθὸν","lemma":"ἀγαθός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies βίον","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"βίον","lemma":"βίος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ζώεις","gloss":"life"},{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἐγώ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἱκάνω","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"γε","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"[emphatic]","note":"γε sharpens the contrast: 'but as for me, at least...'"}]},{"number":492,"label":"492","id":"b15-l492","source":"πολλὰ βροτῶν ἐπὶ ἄστεʼ ἀλώμενος ἐνθάδʼ ἱκάνω.","translation":"I have come here wandering through the many cities of men.\"","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l492.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πολλὰ","lemma":"πολύς","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἄστε᾽","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"βροτῶν","lemma":"βροτός","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies ἄστε᾽","gloss":"of mortals"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"through"},{"surface":"ἄστε","lemma":"ἄστυ","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἐπὶ","gloss":"cities"},{"surface":"ἀλώμενος","lemma":"ἀλάομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἱκάνω","gloss":"wandering","note":"ἀλάομαι, the verb repeatedly used of Odysseus's own wanderings."},{"surface":"ἐνθάδ","lemma":"ἐνθάδε","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of ἱκάνω","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"ἱκάνω","lemma":"ἱκάνω","morphology":"present active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I have come"}]},{"number":493,"label":"493","id":"b15-l493","source":"ὣς οἱ μὲν τοιαῦτα πρὸς ἀλλήλους ἀγόρευον,","translation":"So they spoke such things to one another,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l493.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἀγόρευον","gloss":"so"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of δ᾽","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"[marks contrast]"},{"surface":"τοιαῦτα","lemma":"τοιοῦτος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of ἀγόρευον","gloss":"such things"},{"surface":"πρὸς","lemma":"πρός","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ἀλλήλους","lemma":"ἀλλήλων","morphology":"accusative plural masculine adjective","role":"object of πρὸς","gloss":"one another"},{"surface":"ἀγόρευον","lemma":"ἀγορεύω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"were saying","note":"ἀγορεύω imperfect, 'kept speaking' — formulaic close to a dialogue scene."}]},{"number":494,"label":"494","id":"b15-l494","source":"καδδραθέτην δʼ οὐ πολλὸν ἐπὶ χρόνον, ἀλλὰ μίνυνθα·","translation":"and they slept not long, but only a little while;","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l494.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καδδραθέτην","lemma":"καταδαρθάνω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd dual verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"they two slept","note":"dual number καδδραθέτην — marks exactly two subjects, Odysseus and Eumaeus."},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"οὐ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"πολλὸν","lemma":"πολύς","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies χρόνον","gloss":"much, long"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"χρόνον","lemma":"χρόνος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐπὶ","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"ἀλλὰ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"μίνυνθα","lemma":"μίνυνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἀλλὰ","gloss":"a little while"}]},{"number":495,"label":"495","id":"b15-l495","source":"αἶψα γὰρ Ἠὼς ἦλθεν ἐΰθρονος. οἱ δʼ ἐπὶ χέρσου","translation":"for soon came Dawn on her fair throne. Meanwhile, near shore","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l495.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αἶψα","lemma":"αἶψα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἦλθεν","gloss":"quickly"},{"surface":"γὰρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"Ἠὼς","lemma":"ἠώς","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ἦλθεν","gloss":"Dawn"},{"surface":"ἦλθεν","lemma":"ἔρχομαι","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"came"},{"surface":"ἐΰθρονος","lemma":"εὔθρονος","morphology":"nominative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies Ἠὼς","gloss":"fair-throned","note":"ἐΰθρονος, standard ornamental epithet of Dawn (Ἠώς)."},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"[marks contrast]"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"χέρσου","lemma":"χέρσος","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐπὶ","gloss":"land"}]},{"number":496,"label":"496","id":"b15-l496","source":"Τηλεμάχου ἕταροι λύον ἱστία, κὰδ δʼ ἕλον ἱστὸν","translation":"Telemachus' comrades were loosing the sails, and they lowered the mast","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l496.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Τηλεμάχου","lemma":"Τηλέμαχος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies ἕταροι","gloss":"Telemachus's"},{"surface":"ἕταροι","lemma":"ἑταῖρος","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"comrades"},{"surface":"λύον","lemma":"λύω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"were loosing"},{"surface":"ἱστία","lemma":"ἱστίον","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of λύον","gloss":"sails"},{"surface":"κὰδ","lemma":"κατά","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"down","note":"κάδ (=κατά) as a preverb-adverb strengthening ἕλον, 'took/lowered down.'"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"[and]"},{"surface":"ἕλον","lemma":"αἱρέω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"took down"},{"surface":"ἱστὸν","lemma":"ἱστός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἕλον","gloss":"mast"}]},{"number":497,"label":"497","id":"b15-l497","source":"καρπαλίμως, τὴν δʼ εἰς ὅρμον προέρυσσαν ἐρετμοῖς·","translation":"swiftly, and rowed the ship forward into the anchorage with their oars;","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l497.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καρπαλίμως","lemma":"καρπάλιμος","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἕλον","gloss":"swiftly"},{"surface":"τὴν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular feminine pronoun","role":"object of προέρυσσαν","gloss":"it (the ship)"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"εἰς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"into"},{"surface":"ὅρμον","lemma":"ὅρμος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of εἰς","gloss":"anchorage"},{"surface":"προέρυσσαν","lemma":"προερύω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"rowed forward","note":"προερύω 'hauled/rowed forward,' a nautical term for pulling the ship in."},{"surface":"ἐρετμοῖς","lemma":"ἐρετμόν","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to προέρυσσαν","gloss":"with oars"}]},{"number":498,"label":"498","id":"b15-l498","source":"ἐκ δʼ εὐνὰς ἔβαλον, κατὰ δὲ πρυμνήσιʼ ἔδησαν·","translation":"they cast out the mooring-stones and made fast the stern-cables;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l498.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐκ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"out","note":"ἐκ as adverbial preverb intensifying ἔβαλον, 'cast out.'"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"εὐνὰς","lemma":"εὐνή","morphology":"accusative plural feminine noun","role":"object of ἔβαλον","gloss":"mooring-stones","note":"εὐναί here means anchor-stones, not 'beds' — a nautical technical sense."},{"surface":"ἔβαλον","lemma":"βάλλω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"they cast"},{"surface":"κατὰ","lemma":"κατά","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"down"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"πρυμνήσι","lemma":"πρυμνήσιος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of ἔδησαν","gloss":"stern-cables"},{"surface":"ἔδησαν","lemma":"δέω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"they made fast"}]},{"number":499,"label":"499","id":"b15-l499","source":"ἐκ δὲ καὶ αὐτοὶ βαῖνον ἐπὶ ῥηγμῖνι θαλάσσης,","translation":"and they themselves stepped out upon the breaking surf of the sea,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l499.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐκ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"out"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"also"},{"surface":"αὐτοὶ","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"they themselves"},{"surface":"βαῖνον","lemma":"βαίνω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"stepped out"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"on"},{"surface":"ῥηγμῖνι","lemma":"ῥηγμίν","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἐπὶ","gloss":"breaking surf","note":"ῥηγμίν 'surf-line,' the place where waves break on shore."},{"surface":"θαλάσσης","lemma":"θάλασσα","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies ῥηγμῖνι","gloss":"of the sea"}]},{"number":500,"label":"500","id":"b15-l500","source":"δεῖπνόν τʼ ἐντύνοντο κερῶντό τε αἴθοπα οἶνον.","translation":"and made ready their meal, and mixed the gleaming wine.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l500.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"αἴθοπα οἶνον","title":"Gleaming wine","body":"αἶθοψ, \"fiery, sparkling,\" is a formulaic epithet of wine, evoking its flashing red glint."}],"words":[{"surface":"δεῖπνόν","lemma":"δεῖπνον","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ἐντύνοντο","gloss":"meal"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐντύνοντο","lemma":"ἐντύνω","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"made ready"},{"surface":"κερῶντό","lemma":"κεράω","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"mixed","note":"κεράω, 'mixed' wine with water — standard Homeric meal-preparation."},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"αἴθοπα","lemma":"αἶθοψ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies οἶνον","gloss":"gleaming, sparkling"},{"surface":"οἶνον","lemma":"οἶνος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of κερῶντό","gloss":"wine"}]},{"number":501,"label":"501","id":"b15-l501","source":"αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ πόσιος καὶ ἐδητύος ἐξ ἔρον ἕντο,","translation":"But when they had put away their desire for drink and food,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l501.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἐπεὶ","lemma":"ἐπεί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"when"},{"surface":"πόσιος","lemma":"πόσις","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies καὶ","gloss":"of drink"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐδητύος","lemma":"ἐδητύς","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies καὶ","gloss":"of food"},{"surface":"ἐξ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"out, away"},{"surface":"ἔρον","lemma":"ἔρος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἕντο","gloss":"desire"},{"surface":"ἕντο","lemma":"ἵημι","morphology":"aorist indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"adverbial to ἐπεὶ","gloss":"put away","note":"formulaic Homeric phrase ἐξ ἔρον ἕντο 'they put away desire' = 'had their fill.'"}]},{"number":502,"label":"502","id":"b15-l502","source":"τοῖσι δὲ Τηλέμαχος πεπνυμένος ἤρχετο μύθων·","translation":"then wise Telemachus began to speak among them:","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l502.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τοῖσι","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"dative plural masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἤρχετο","gloss":"to them"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Τηλέμαχος","lemma":"Τηλέμαχος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἤρχετο","gloss":"Telemachus"},{"surface":"πεπνυμένος","lemma":"πέπνυμαι","morphology":"perfect medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifies Τηλέμαχος","gloss":"wise, prudent","note":"πεπνυμένος, the fixed epithet marking Telemachus as thoughtful/sensible."},{"surface":"ἤρχετο","lemma":"ἄρχω","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"began"},{"surface":"μύθων","lemma":"μῦθος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"object of ἤρχετο","gloss":"of words"}]},{"number":503,"label":"503","id":"b15-l503","source":"ὑμεῖς μὲν νῦν ἄστυδʼ ἐλαύνετε νῆα μέλαιναν,","translation":"\"You now drive the black ship on to the city,","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l503.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὑμεῖς","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"nominative plural pronoun","role":"subject of ἐλαύνετε","gloss":"you (pl.)"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"[marks contrast]"},{"surface":"νῦν","lemma":"νῦν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐλαύνετε","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"ἄστυδ","lemma":"ἄστυδε","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of ἐλαύνετε","gloss":"to the city","note":"ἄστυδε, directional -δε suffix 'to(ward) the city' on the noun ἄστυ."},{"surface":"ἐλαύνετε","lemma":"ἐλαύνω","morphology":"present active imperative, 2nd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"drive"},{"surface":"νῆα","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐλαύνετε","gloss":"ship"},{"surface":"μέλαιναν","lemma":"μέλας","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies νῆα","gloss":"black"}]},{"number":504,"label":"504","id":"b15-l504","source":"αὐτὰρ ἐγὼν ἀγροὺς ἐπιείσομαι ἠδὲ βοτῆρας·","translation":"but I will go to the fields and to the herdsmen;","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l504.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτὰρ","lemma":"ἀτάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἐγὼν","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἐπιείσομαι","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"ἀγροὺς","lemma":"ἀγρός","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"object of ἠδὲ","gloss":"fields"},{"surface":"ἐπιείσομαι","lemma":"ἔπειμι","morphology":"future middle indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"will go to","note":"ἔπειμι future, 'will go to/visit' — Telemachus splits off to check the farms."},{"surface":"ἠδὲ","lemma":"ἠδέ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"βοτῆρας","lemma":"βοτήρ","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"object of ἠδὲ","gloss":"herdsmen"}]},{"number":505,"label":"505","id":"b15-l505","source":"ἑσπέριος δʼ εἰς ἄστυ ἰδὼν ἐμὰ ἔργα κάτειμι.","translation":"and at evening, when I have seen my own work, I will come down to the city.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l505.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἑσπέριος","lemma":"ἑσπέριος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"in the evening","note":"Predicate adjective used adverbially of time, a common Homeric idiom."},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"εἰς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to, into"},{"surface":"ἄστυ","lemma":"ἄστυ","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of εἰς","gloss":"the city"},{"surface":"ἰδὼν","lemma":"εἶδον","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to κάτειμι","gloss":"having seen","note":"Aorist participle ἰδών (root εἶδον/ὁράω) shows prior action before the main verb κάτειμι."},{"surface":"ἐμὰ","lemma":"ἐμός","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἔργα","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"ἔργα","lemma":"ἔργον","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἰδὼν","gloss":"work, fields"},{"surface":"κάτειμι","lemma":"κάτειμι","morphology":"present active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I go down"}]},{"number":506,"label":"506","id":"b15-l506","source":"ἠῶθεν δέ κεν ὔμμιν ὁδοιπόριον παραθείμην,","translation":"And at dawn I will set before you, for your journey,","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l506.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἠῶθεν","lemma":"ἕωθεν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to παραθείμην","gloss":"at dawn"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"κεν","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(modal particle)","note":"κεν = ἄν, marks potential/future mood with the optative παραθείμην."},{"surface":"ὔμμιν","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative plural pronoun","role":"object of παραθείμην","gloss":"to you (pl.)","note":"Aeolic/epic ὔμμιν for ὑμῖν, dative plural of σύ."},{"surface":"ὁδοιπόριον","lemma":"ὁδοιπόριον","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ,","gloss":"provisions for the road"},{"surface":"παραθείμην","lemma":"παρατίθημι","morphology":"aorist middle optative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I would set before"}]},{"number":507,"label":"507","id":"b15-l507","source":"δαῖτʼ ἀγαθὴν κρειῶν τε καὶ οἴνου ἡδυπότοιο.","translation":"a good feast of meats and sweet-to-drink wine.\"","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l507.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"δαῖτ","lemma":"δαίτη","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"in apposition","gloss":"a feast"},{"surface":"ἀγαθὴν","lemma":"ἀγαθός","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies δαῖτ᾽","gloss":"good"},{"surface":"κρειῶν","lemma":"κρέας","morphology":"genitive plural neuter noun","role":"modifies καὶ","gloss":"of meats"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"οἴνου","lemma":"οἶνος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies καὶ","gloss":"of wine"},{"surface":"ἡδυπότοιο","lemma":"ἡδύποτος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies οἴνου","gloss":"sweet to drink","note":"Compound epithet ἡδύποτος, 'sweet-drinking,' a formulaic descriptor for wine."}]},{"number":508,"label":"508","id":"b15-l508","source":"τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε Θεοκλύμενος θεοειδής·","translation":"Then godlike Theoclymenus said to him in turn:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l508.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of προσέειπε","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and, then"},{"surface":"αὖτε","lemma":"αὖτε","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"in turn"},{"surface":"προσέειπε","lemma":"προσεῖπον","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"addressed"},{"surface":"Θεοκλύμενος","lemma":"Θεοκλύμενος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of προσέειπε","gloss":"Theoclymenus"},{"surface":"θεοειδής","lemma":"θεοειδής","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Θεοκλύμενος","gloss":"godlike","note":"Formulaic epithet θεοειδής, 'god-shaped,' standard for noble speakers in Homer."}]},{"number":509,"label":"509","id":"b15-l509","source":"πῆ γὰρ ἐγώ, φίλε τέκνον, ἴω; τεῦ δώμαθʼ ἵκωμαι","translation":"\"And where, dear child, am I to go? Whose house am I to reach,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l509.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πῆ","lemma":"πῆ","morphology":"pronoun","role":"object of ἴω","gloss":"where"},{"surface":"γὰρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"ἐγώ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἴω","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"φίλε","lemma":"φίλος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies τέκνον","gloss":"dear"},{"surface":"τέκνον","lemma":"τέκνον","morphology":"vocative singular neuter noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"child","note":"Vocative τέκνον addressing Telemachus, though grammatically neuter."},{"surface":"ἴω","lemma":"εἶμι","morphology":"present active subjunctive, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"am I to go","note":"Deliberative subjunctive ἴω, 'am I to go?' — typical of rhetorical questions."},{"surface":"τεῦ","lemma":"τίς","morphology":"irregular","role":"modifies δώμαθ᾽","gloss":"whose","note":"Epic genitive τεῦ = τίνος, interrogative 'whose?'; it is accented and NOT enclitic — the enclitic form (unaccented τευ) is reserved for the indefinite 'someone's,' which is not the sense here."},{"surface":"δώμαθ","lemma":"δῶμα","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἵκωμαι","gloss":"house"},{"surface":"ἵκωμαι","lemma":"ἱκνέομαι","morphology":"aorist medio-passive subjunctive, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"am I to reach"}]},{"number":510,"label":"510","id":"b15-l510","source":"ἀνδρῶν οἳ κραναὴν Ἰθάκην κάτα κοιρανέουσιν;","translation":"among the men who hold sway over rugged Ithaca?","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l510.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀνδρῶν","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies τεῦ","gloss":"of the men"},{"surface":"οἳ","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of κοιρανέουσιν","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"κραναὴν","lemma":"κραναός","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies Ἰθάκην","gloss":"rugged","note":"Standard Homeric epithet for rocky Ithaca."},{"surface":"Ἰθάκην","lemma":"Ἰθάκη","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of κάτα","gloss":"Ithaca"},{"surface":"κάτα","lemma":"κατά","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"over","note":"Anastrophe: κατά placed after its object Ἰθάκην, shifting its accent to κάτα."},{"surface":"κοιρανέουσιν","lemma":"κοιρανέω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ἀνδρῶν","gloss":"hold sway"}]},{"number":511,"label":"511","id":"b15-l511","source":"ἦ ἰθὺς σῆς μητρὸς ἴω καὶ σοῖο δόμοιο;","translation":"Or shall I go straight to your mother and to your house?\"","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l511.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἦ","lemma":"ἦ","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"or"},{"surface":"ἰθὺς","lemma":"ἰθύς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἴω","gloss":"straight"},{"surface":"σῆς","lemma":"σός","morphology":"genitive singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies μητρὸς","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"μητρὸς","lemma":"μήτηρ","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies καὶ","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"ἴω","lemma":"εἶμι","morphology":"present active subjunctive, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"shall I go"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"σοῖο","lemma":"σός","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies καὶ","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"δόμοιο","lemma":"δόμος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"object of ἴω","gloss":"house"}]},{"number":512,"label":"512","id":"b15-l512","source":"τὸν δʼ αὖ Τηλέμαχος πεπνυμένος ἀντίον ηὔδα·","translation":"Then wise Telemachus answered him in turn:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l512.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ηὔδα","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and, then"},{"surface":"αὖ","lemma":"αὖ","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"in turn"},{"surface":"Τηλέμαχος","lemma":"Τηλέμαχος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ηὔδα","gloss":"Telemachus"},{"surface":"πεπνυμένος","lemma":"πέπνυμαι","morphology":"perfect medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifies Τηλέμαχος","gloss":"wise","note":"Formulaic epithet πεπνυμένος, 'prudent,' Telemachus's stock descriptor."},{"surface":"ἀντίον","lemma":"ἀντίον","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ηὔδα","gloss":"in reply"},{"surface":"ηὔδα","lemma":"αὐδάω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke"}]},{"number":513,"label":"513","id":"b15-l513","source":"ἄλλως μέν σʼ ἂν ἐγώ γε καὶ ἡμέτερόνδε κελοίμην","translation":"\"At any other time I would bid you go to our own home,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l513.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἄλλως","lemma":"ἄλλως","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to κελοίμην","gloss":"otherwise"},{"surface":"μέν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"σ","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"accusative singular pronoun","role":"subject of ἔρχεσθ᾽","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"ἂν","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(modal particle)"},{"surface":"ἐγώ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of κελοίμην","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"γε","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"also, even"},{"surface":"ἡμέτερόνδε","lemma":"ἡμέτερος","morphology":"adverb","role":"modifies","gloss":"to our home","note":"Directional suffix -δε on ἡμέτερον, 'to our house,' a common Homeric motion-marker."},{"surface":"κελοίμην","lemma":"κέλομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive optative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I would bid"}]},{"number":514,"label":"514","id":"b15-l514","source":"ἔρχεσθʼ· οὐ γάρ τι ξενίων ποθή· ἀλλὰ σοὶ αὐτῷ","translation":"for there is no lack of hospitality there; but for you yourself","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l514.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔρχεσθ","lemma":"ἔρχομαι","morphology":"present medio-passive infinitive","role":"object of κελοίμην","gloss":"to go","note":"Infinitive completing κελοίμην, 'I would bid you go.'"},{"surface":"οὐ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"γάρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"τι","lemma":"τις","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"adverbial","gloss":"any"},{"surface":"ξενίων","lemma":"ξένιος","morphology":"genitive plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies ποθή","gloss":"of hospitality"},{"surface":"ποθή","lemma":"ποθή","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject","gloss":"lack"},{"surface":"ἀλλὰ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"σοὶ","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"object","gloss":"for you"},{"surface":"αὐτῷ","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"dative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies σοὶ","gloss":"yourself"}]},{"number":515,"label":"515","id":"b15-l515","source":"χεῖρον, ἐπεί τοι ἐγὼ μὲν ἀπέσσομαι, οὐδέ σε μήτηρ","translation":"it would be worse, since I shall be away, and my mother will not","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l515.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"χεῖρον","lemma":"χείρων","morphology":"nominative singular neuter comparative adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"worse","note":"Comparative χεῖρον serves as predicate: 'it would be worse.'"},{"surface":"ἐπεί","lemma":"ἐπεί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"since"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"τοι","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ἐγὼ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἀπέσσομαι","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"on one hand"},{"surface":"ἀπέσσομαι","lemma":"ἄπειμι","morphology":"future middle indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"adverbial","gloss":"I shall be away"},{"surface":"σε","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"accusative singular pronoun","role":"object of ὄψεται","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"μήτηρ","lemma":"μήτηρ","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ὄψεται","gloss":"mother"}]},{"number":516,"label":"516","id":"b15-l516","source":"ὄψεται· οὐ μὲν γάρ τι θαμὰ μνηστῆρσʼ ἐνὶ οἴκῳ","translation":"see you; for she does not often show herself in the house","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l516.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὄψεται","lemma":"ὁράω","morphology":"future middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial","gloss":"will see"},{"surface":"οὐ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"γάρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"τι","lemma":"τις","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"adverbial to φαίνεται","gloss":"at all"},{"surface":"θαμὰ","lemma":"θαμά","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to φαίνεται","gloss":"often"},{"surface":"μνηστῆρσ","lemma":"μνηστήρ","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"object of φαίνεται","gloss":"among the suitors"},{"surface":"ἐνὶ","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"οἴκῳ","lemma":"οἶκος","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐνὶ","gloss":"the house"}]},{"number":517,"label":"517","id":"b15-l517","source":"φαίνεται, ἀλλʼ ἀπὸ τῶν ὑπερωΐῳ ἱστὸν ὑφαίνει.","translation":"among the suitors, but apart from them weaves at her loom upstairs.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l517.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"φαίνεται","lemma":"φαίνω","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"appears","note":"Penelope avoids the suitors; φαίνεται carries over from the previous line's negation."},{"surface":"ἀλλ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ἀπὸ","lemma":"ἀπό","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"away from","note":"τῶν, 'them' (the suitors), governed by ἀπὸ — genitive of separation."},{"surface":"τῶν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"genitive plural masculine pronoun","role":"adverbial to ἀπὸ","gloss":"them"},{"surface":"ὑπερωΐῳ","lemma":"ὑπερῷον","morphology":"dative singular neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ὑφαίνει","gloss":"in the upper room"},{"surface":"ἱστὸν","lemma":"ἱστός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ὑφαίνει","gloss":"loom, web"},{"surface":"ὑφαίνει","lemma":"ὑφαίνω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"weaves"}]},{"number":518,"label":"518","id":"b15-l518","source":"ἀλλά τοι ἄλλον φῶτα πιφαύσκομαι ὅν κεν ἵκοιο,","translation":"But I will name you another man whose house you might go to,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l518.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλά","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"dative singular pronoun","role":"object of πιφαύσκομαι","gloss":"to you"},{"surface":"ἄλλον","lemma":"ἄλλος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies φῶτα","gloss":"another"},{"surface":"φῶτα","lemma":"φώς","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ,","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"πιφαύσκομαι","lemma":"πιφαύσκω","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I will name"},{"surface":"ὅν","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἵκοιο","gloss":"whom"},{"surface":"κεν","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(modal particle)"},{"surface":"ἵκοιο","lemma":"ἱκνέομαι","morphology":"aorist middle optative, 2nd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing φῶτα","gloss":"you might go to"}]},{"number":519,"label":"519","id":"b15-l519","source":"Εὐρύμαχον, Πολύβοιο δαΐφρονος ἀγλαὸν υἱόν,","translation":"Eurymachus, the shining son of wise Polybus,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l519.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Εὐρύμαχον","lemma":"Εὐρύμαχος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ,","gloss":"Eurymachus"},{"surface":"Πολύβοιο","lemma":"Πόλυβος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies υἱόν","gloss":"of Polybus"},{"surface":"δαΐφρονος","lemma":"δαίφρων","morphology":"genitive singular adjective","role":"modifies Πολύβοιο","gloss":"wise-hearted","note":"Epithet δαΐφρων, 'battle-wise/prudent,' applied to Polybus."},{"surface":"ἀγλαὸν","lemma":"ἀγλαός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies υἱόν","gloss":"shining"},{"surface":"υἱόν","lemma":"υἱός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ,","gloss":"son"}]},{"number":520,"label":"520","id":"b15-l520","source":"τὸν νῦν ἶσα θεῷ Ἰθακήσιοι εἰσορόωσι·","translation":"whom now the men of Ithaca look upon as a god;","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l520.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ἶσα θεῷ","title":"Dative of comparison","body":"ἶσα θεῷ, \"equal to a god,\" uses the dative θεῷ with ἶσος to express comparison — \"like a god.\""}],"words":[{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of εἰσορόωσι","gloss":"whom"},{"surface":"νῦν","lemma":"νῦν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to εἰσορόωσι","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"ἶσα","lemma":"ἴσος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"adverbial to εἰσορόωσι","gloss":"equal to","note":"Neuter plural ἶσα used adverbially, 'equally/like,' with dative θεῷ."},{"surface":"θεῷ","lemma":"θεός","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies ἶσα","gloss":"a god"},{"surface":"Ἰθακήσιοι","lemma":"Ἰθακήσιος","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"subject of εἰσορόωσι","gloss":"the Ithacans"},{"surface":"εἰσορόωσι","lemma":"εἰσοράω","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ,","gloss":"look upon"}]},{"number":521,"label":"521","id":"b15-l521","source":"καὶ γὰρ πολλὸν ἄριστος ἀνὴρ μέμονέν τε μάλιστα","translation":"for he is by far the best man, and is most eager","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l521.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for, indeed"},{"surface":"γὰρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"πολλὸν","lemma":"πολύς","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"adverbial","gloss":"by far","note":"Accusative of extent πολλόν intensifying the superlative ἄριστος, 'by far the best.'"},{"surface":"ἄριστος","lemma":"ἄριστος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἀνὴρ","gloss":"best"},{"surface":"ἀνὴρ","lemma":"ἀνήρ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"man"},{"surface":"μέμονέν","lemma":"μέμονα","morphology":"perfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"is eager","note":"Perfect μέμονα with present force, 'is eager/set on,' common in Homer."},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μάλιστα","lemma":"μάλιστα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to μέμονέν","gloss":"most"}]},{"number":522,"label":"522","id":"b15-l522","source":"μητέρʼ ἐμὴν γαμέειν καὶ Ὀδυσσῆος γέρας ἕξειν.","translation":"to marry my mother and to hold the honor of Odysseus.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l522.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"γέρας","title":"Prerogative of honor","body":"γέρας is the prize or privilege owed to rank — here Odysseus' kingly standing, which Eurymachus hopes to seize through marriage."}],"words":[{"surface":"μητέρ","lemma":"μήτηρ","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of γαμέειν","gloss":"mother"},{"surface":"ἐμὴν","lemma":"ἐμός","morphology":"accusative singular feminine adjective","role":"modifies μητέρ᾽","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"γαμέειν","lemma":"γαμέω","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"to marry"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Ὀδυσσῆος","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies γέρας","gloss":"of Odysseus"},{"surface":"γέρας","lemma":"γέρας","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ἕξειν","gloss":"honor, prerogative","note":"γέρας: the king's rightful privilege/status, at stake in the suitors' rivalry."},{"surface":"ἕξειν","lemma":"ἔχω","morphology":"future active infinitive","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"to hold"}]},{"number":523,"label":"523","id":"b15-l523","source":"ἀλλὰ τά γε Ζεὺς οἶδεν Ὀλύμπιος, αἰθέρι ναίων,","translation":"But Olympian Zeus, who dwells in the bright sky, knows these things,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l523.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἀλλὰ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"τά","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative plural neuter pronoun","role":"object of οἶδεν","gloss":"these things"},{"surface":"γε","lemma":"γε","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"Ζεὺς","lemma":"Ζεύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of οἶδεν","gloss":"Zeus"},{"surface":"οἶδεν","lemma":"οἶδα","morphology":"perfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"knows"},{"surface":"Ὀλύμπιος","lemma":"Ὀλύμπιος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ,","gloss":"Olympian"},{"surface":"αἰθέρι","lemma":"αἰθήρ","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ναίων","gloss":"in the upper sky"},{"surface":"ναίων","lemma":"ναίω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifies ,","gloss":"dwelling","note":"Participle ναίων modifies Zeus, 'dwelling in the bright sky' — a formulaic divine epithet phrase."}]},{"number":524,"label":"524","id":"b15-l524","source":"εἴ κέ σφι πρὸ γάμοιο τελευτήσει κακὸν ἦμαρ.","translation":"whether he will bring on them an evil day before the marriage.\"","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l524.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εἴ","lemma":"εἰ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"whether"},{"surface":"κέ","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(modal particle)"},{"surface":"σφι","lemma":"σφεῖς","morphology":"dative plural masculine pronoun","role":"object of τελευτήσει","gloss":"for them"},{"surface":"πρὸ","lemma":"πρό","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"before"},{"surface":"γάμοιο","lemma":"γάμος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to πρὸ","gloss":"the marriage"},{"surface":"τελευτήσει","lemma":"τελευτάω","morphology":"future active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to εἴ","gloss":"will bring to pass"},{"surface":"κακὸν","lemma":"κακός","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἦμαρ","gloss":"evil"},{"surface":"ἦμαρ","lemma":"ἦμαρ","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of τελευτήσει","gloss":"day"}]},{"number":525,"label":"525","id":"b15-l525","source":"ὣς ἄρα οἱ εἰπόντι ἐπέπτατο δεξιὸς ὄρνις,","translation":"As he was speaking, a bird flew by on his right,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l525.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to εἰπόντι","gloss":"thus"},{"surface":"ἄρα","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἐπέπτατο","gloss":"to him"},{"surface":"εἰπόντι","lemma":"εἶπον","morphology":"aorist active participle, dative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"as he spoke","note":"Dative participle εἰπόντι agrees with οἱ, 'to him speaking' — a temporal circumstantial."},{"surface":"ἐπέπτατο","lemma":"ἐπιπέτομαι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"flew"},{"surface":"δεξιὸς","lemma":"δεξιός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"on the right","note":"A right-side bird omen was favorable in Greek augury."},{"surface":"ὄρνις","lemma":"ὄρνις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"bird"}]},{"number":526,"label":"526","id":"b15-l526","source":"κίρκος, Ἀπόλλωνος ταχὺς ἄγγελος· ἐν δὲ πόδεσσι","translation":"a hawk, the swift messenger of Apollo; and in its talons","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l526.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"κίρκος","lemma":"κίρκος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"a hawk"},{"surface":"Ἀπόλλωνος","lemma":"Ἀπόλλων","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies ἄγγελος","gloss":"of Apollo"},{"surface":"ταχὺς","lemma":"ταχύς","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἄγγελος","gloss":"swift"},{"surface":"ἄγγελος","lemma":"ἄγγελος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"messenger","note":"The hawk as Apollo's swift messenger is a recurring Homeric omen-bird motif."},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"πόδεσσι","lemma":"πούς","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"object of ἐν","gloss":"talons, feet"}]},{"number":527,"label":"527","id":"b15-l527","source":"τίλλε πέλειαν ἔχων, κατὰ δὲ πτερὰ χεῦεν ἔραζε","translation":"it held a dove, plucking it, and shed the feathers to the ground","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l527.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τίλλε","lemma":"τίλλω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"was plucking"},{"surface":"πέλειαν","lemma":"πέλεια","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of τίλλε","gloss":"a dove"},{"surface":"ἔχων","lemma":"ἔχω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to τίλλε","gloss":"holding"},{"surface":"κατὰ","lemma":"κατά","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"down","note":"κατά used adverbially with χεῦεν, 'shed down,' echoing the epic tmesis pattern."},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"πτερὰ","lemma":"πτερόν","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of χεῦεν","gloss":"feathers"},{"surface":"χεῦεν","lemma":"χέω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"shed, scattered"},{"surface":"ἔραζε","lemma":"ἔραζε","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of χεῦεν","gloss":"to the ground"}]},{"number":528,"label":"528","id":"b15-l528","source":"μεσσηγὺς νηός τε καὶ αὐτοῦ Τηλεμάχοιο.","translation":"midway between the ship and Telemachus himself.","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l528.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"μεσσηγὺς","lemma":"μεσηγύ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"between"},{"surface":"νηός","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"of the ship"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"αὐτοῦ","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Τηλεμάχοιο","gloss":"himself"},{"surface":"Τηλεμάχοιο","lemma":"Τηλέμαχος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"of Telemachus"}]},{"number":529,"label":"529","id":"b15-l529","source":"τὸν δὲ Θεοκλύμενος ἑτάρων ἀπονόσφι καλέσσας","translation":"Then Theoclymenus, calling him apart from his comrades,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l529.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of καλέσσας","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and, then"},{"surface":"Θεοκλύμενος","lemma":"Θεοκλύμενος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of τ᾽","gloss":"Theoclymenus"},{"surface":"ἑτάρων","lemma":"ἑταῖρος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"object of ἀπονόσφι","gloss":"of comrades"},{"surface":"ἀπονόσφι","lemma":"ἀπονόσφι","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"apart from"},{"surface":"καλέσσας","lemma":"καλέω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to τ᾽","gloss":"calling"}]},{"number":530,"label":"530","id":"b15-l530","source":"ἔν τʼ ἄρα οἱ φῦ χειρὶ ἔπος τʼ ἔφατʼ ἔκ τʼ ὀνόμαζε·","translation":"clasped him by the hand, and spoke a word, and called him by name:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l530.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in","note":"Tmesis: ἔν...φῦ = ἐμφύω, 'clasped/grew into,' the preposition separated from its verb."},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἄρα","lemma":"ἄρα","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἔν","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"φῦ","lemma":"φύω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"clasped, grasped"},{"surface":"χειρὶ","lemma":"χείρ","morphology":"dative singular feminine noun","role":"object of φῦ","gloss":"hand"},{"surface":"ἔπος","lemma":"ἔπος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of ἔφατ᾽","gloss":"a word"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἔφατ","lemma":"φημί","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke"},{"surface":"ἔκ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"out","note":"Tmesis: ἔκ...ὀνόμαζε = ἐξονομάζω, 'called by name,' verb split by the preposition."},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὀνόμαζε","lemma":"ὀνομάζω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"called by name"}]},{"number":531,"label":"531","id":"b15-l531","source":"Τηλέμαχʼ, οὔ τοι ἄνευ θεοῦ ἔπτατο δεξιὸς\n                     ὄρνις","translation":"\"Telemachus, not without a god did that bird fly by on your right;","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l531.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Τηλέμαχ","lemma":"Τηλέμαχος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"Telemachus"},{"surface":"οὔ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"τοι","lemma":"τοι","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ἄνευ","lemma":"ἄνευ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"without"},{"surface":"θεοῦ","lemma":"θεός","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἄνευ","gloss":"a god"},{"surface":"ἔπτατο","lemma":"πέτομαι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"flew"},{"surface":"δεξιὸς","lemma":"δεξιός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"on the right"},{"surface":"ὄρνις","lemma":"ὄρνις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἔπτατο","gloss":"bird","note":"Line closely echoes b15-l525, reinforcing the omen's significance through repetition."}]},{"number":532,"label":"532","id":"b15-l532","source":"ἔγνων γάρ μιν ἐσάντα ἰδὼν οἰωνὸν ἐόντα.","translation":"for I knew, seeing it before my eyes, that it was a bird of omen.","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l532.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ἰδὼν οἰωνὸν ἐόντα","title":"Participles of perception","body":"It is ἔγνων (the main verb, a verb of recognizing) that governs the accusative + participle construction μιν … ἐόντα: \"I recognized it as being a bird of omen.\" ἰδών (\"having seen\") is a separate circumstantial participle of manner modifying the implicit subject, not the governing verb of the construction."}],"words":[{"surface":"ἔγνων","lemma":"γιγνώσκω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"I knew"},{"surface":"γάρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"for"},{"surface":"μιν","lemma":"μιν","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἔγνων","gloss":"it"},{"surface":"ἐσάντα","lemma":"εἰσάντα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἰδὼν","gloss":"face to face","note":"εἰσάντα, 'right before my eyes,' emphasizes Theoclymenus's direct, certain reading of the omen."},{"surface":"ἰδὼν","lemma":"εἶδον","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἔγνων","gloss":"having seen"},{"surface":"οἰωνὸν","lemma":"οἰωνός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"a bird of omen"},{"surface":"ἐόντα","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active participle, accusative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"being"}]},{"number":533,"label":"533","id":"b15-l533","source":"ὑμετέρου δʼ οὐκ ἔστι γένος βασιλεύτερον ἄλλο","translation":"There is no other family more kingly than yours","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l533.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὑμετέρου","lemma":"ὑμέτερος","morphology":"genitive singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies","gloss":"your"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"οὐκ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ἔστι","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"there is"},{"surface":"γένος","lemma":"γένος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"subject of ἔστι","gloss":"family, race"},{"surface":"βασιλεύτερον","lemma":"βασίλειος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies γένος","gloss":"more kingly"},{"surface":"ἄλλο","lemma":"ἄλλος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies γένος","gloss":"other"}]},{"number":534,"label":"534","id":"b15-l534","source":"ἐν δήμῳ Ἰθάκης, ἀλλʼ ὑμεῖς καρτεροὶ αἰεί.","translation":"in the land of Ithaca; you will always be the mighty ones.\"","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l534.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"δήμῳ","lemma":"δῆμος","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to ἐν","gloss":"land, people"},{"surface":"Ἰθάκης","lemma":"Ἰθάκη","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies δήμῳ","gloss":"of Ithaca"},{"surface":"ἀλλ","lemma":"ἀλλά","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"but"},{"surface":"ὑμεῖς","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"nominative plural pronoun","role":"subject","gloss":"you (pl.)"},{"surface":"καρτεροὶ","lemma":"καρτερός","morphology":"nominative plural masculine adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"mighty, strong","note":"predicate adjective: 'you (will be/are) mighty' — no linking verb needed in Greek"},{"surface":"αἰεί","lemma":"ἀεί","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial","gloss":"always"}]},{"number":535,"label":"535","id":"b15-l535","source":"τὸν δʼ αὖ Τηλέμαχος πεπνυμένος ἀντίον ηὔδα·","translation":"Then wise Telemachus answered him in turn:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l535.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ηὔδα","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"αὖ","lemma":"αὖ","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"in turn"},{"surface":"Τηλέμαχος","lemma":"Τηλέμαχος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ηὔδα","gloss":"Telemachus"},{"surface":"πεπνυμένος","lemma":"πέπνυμαι","morphology":"perfect medio-passive participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifies Τηλέμαχος","gloss":"wise, prudent","note":"stock epithet 'πεπνυμένος' (perfect participle 'having good sense') regularly marks Telemachus"},{"surface":"ἀντίον","lemma":"ἀντίον","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ηὔδα","gloss":"in reply"},{"surface":"ηὔδα","lemma":"αὐδάω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke, said"}]},{"number":536,"label":"536","id":"b15-l536","source":"αἲ γὰρ τοῦτο, ξεῖνε, ἔπος τετελεσμένον εἴη·","translation":"\"Would, stranger, that this word might be fulfilled;","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l536.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"αἲ γὰρ ... εἴη","title":"Optative of wish","body":"αἲ γάρ with the optative εἴη expresses a wish: \"would that it might be.\" This is the standard way Homer voices longing."}],"words":[{"surface":"αἲ","lemma":"εἰ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"would that","note":"αἲ γάρ + optative = wishing formula, 'if only...'"},{"surface":"γὰρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"τοῦτο","lemma":"οὗτος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἔπος","gloss":"this"},{"surface":"ξεῖνε","lemma":"ξένος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"stranger"},{"surface":"ἔπος","lemma":"ἔπος","morphology":"nominative singular neuter noun","role":"subject of εἴη","gloss":"word, saying"},{"surface":"τετελεσμένον","lemma":"τελέω","morphology":"perfect medio-passive participle, nominative singular neuter","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"fulfilled, accomplished"},{"surface":"εἴη","lemma":"ἐάω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"might be"}]},{"number":537,"label":"537","id":"b15-l537","source":"τῷ κε τάχα γνοίης φιλότητά τε πολλά τε δῶρα","translation":"then you would soon know my friendship, and many gifts","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l537.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τῷ","lemma":"τῷ","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to γνοίης","gloss":"then, thereby"},{"surface":"κε","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(potential particle)"},{"surface":"τάχα","lemma":"τάχα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to γνοίης","gloss":"soon"},{"surface":"γνοίης","lemma":"γιγνώσκω","morphology":"aorist active optative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"you would know","note":"aorist optative + κε: potential mood, 'you would come to know'"},{"surface":"φιλότητά","lemma":"φιλότης","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of τε","gloss":"friendship"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"πολλά","lemma":"πολύς","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies δῶρα","gloss":"many"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"δῶρα","lemma":"δῶρον","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of τε","gloss":"gifts"}]},{"number":538,"label":"538","id":"b15-l538","source":"ἐξ ἐμεῦ, ὡς ἄν τίς σε συναντόμενος μακαρίζοι.","translation":"from me, so that anyone who met you would call you blessed.\"","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l538.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐξ","lemma":"ἐκ","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"ἐμεῦ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"genitive singular masculine pronoun","role":"modifies ἐξ","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"ὡς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"so that"},{"surface":"ἄν","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(potential particle)"},{"surface":"τίς","lemma":"τις","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of μακαρίζοι","gloss":"anyone"},{"surface":"σε","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"accusative singular pronoun","role":"object of μακαρίζοι","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"συναντόμενος","lemma":"συνάντομαι","morphology":"present participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to μακαρίζοι","gloss":"meeting"},{"surface":"μακαρίζοι","lemma":"μακαρίζω","morphology":"present active optative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ὡς","gloss":"would call blessed","note":"ὡς ἄν + optative expresses purpose/result: 'so that anyone meeting you would call you blessed'"}]},{"number":539,"label":"539","id":"b15-l539","source":"ἦ καὶ Πείραιον προσεφώνεε, πιστὸν ἑταῖρον·","translation":"He spoke, and called to Peiraeus, his trusty comrade:","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l539.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἦ","lemma":"ἠμί","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"he spoke"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"Πείραιον","lemma":"Πείραιος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ,","gloss":"Peiraeus"},{"surface":"προσεφώνεε","lemma":"προσφωνέω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"called to, addressed"},{"surface":"πιστὸν","lemma":"πιστός","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἑταῖρον","gloss":"trusty, faithful"},{"surface":"ἑταῖρον","lemma":"ἑταῖρος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of ,","gloss":"comrade"}]},{"number":540,"label":"540","id":"b15-l540","source":"Πείραιε Κλυτίδη, σὺ δέ μοι τά περ ἄλλα μάλιστα","translation":"\"Peiraeus, son of Clytius, you above all the others","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l540.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Πείραιε","lemma":"Πείραιος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"Peiraeus"},{"surface":"Κλυτίδη","lemma":"Κλυτίδης","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies Πείραιε","gloss":"son of Clytius","note":"patronymic in -ίδης, a formulaic way to identify a minor hero by his father"},{"surface":"σὺ","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"nominative singular pronoun","role":"subject of πείθῃ","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of πείθῃ","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"τά","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative plural neuter pronoun","role":"adverbial to πείθῃ","gloss":"the things"},{"surface":"περ","lemma":"πέρ","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"ἄλλα","lemma":"ἄλλος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies τά","gloss":"other"},{"surface":"μάλιστα","lemma":"μάλιστα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to πείθῃ","gloss":"most of all"}]},{"number":541,"label":"541","id":"b15-l541","source":"πείθῃ ἐμῶν ἑτάρων, οἵ μοι Πύλον εἰς ἅμʼ ἕποντο·","translation":"obey me, of my comrades who followed me to Pylos;","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l541.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"πείθῃ","lemma":"πείθω","morphology":"present medio-passive indicative, 2nd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"you obey","note":"σὺ ... πείθῃ carries over from previous line: 'you obey me most of all my comrades'"},{"surface":"ἐμῶν","lemma":"ἐμός","morphology":"genitive plural masculine adjective","role":"modifies ἑτάρων","gloss":"my"},{"surface":"ἑτάρων","lemma":"ἑταῖρος","morphology":"genitive plural masculine noun","role":"modifies σὺ","gloss":"comrades"},{"surface":"οἵ","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἕποντο","gloss":"who"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἕποντο","gloss":"me"},{"surface":"Πύλον","lemma":"Πύλος","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of εἰς","gloss":"Pylos"},{"surface":"εἰς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"ἅμ","lemma":"ἅμα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἕποντο","gloss":"together"},{"surface":"ἕποντο","lemma":"ἕπομαι","morphology":"imperfect medio-passive indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ἑτάρων","gloss":"followed"}]},{"number":542,"label":"542","id":"b15-l542","source":"καὶ νῦν μοι τὸν ξεῖνον ἄγων ἐν δώμασι σοῖσιν","translation":"so now too take this stranger to your house","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l542.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"νῦν","lemma":"νῦν","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"now"},{"surface":"μοι","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"for me"},{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"article","role":"modifies ξεῖνον","gloss":"the"},{"surface":"ξεῖνον","lemma":"ξένος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"object of καὶ","gloss":"stranger"},{"surface":"ἄγων","lemma":"ἄγω","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to καὶ","gloss":"leading, taking"},{"surface":"ἐν","lemma":"ἐν","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"in"},{"surface":"δώμασι","lemma":"δῶμα","morphology":"dative plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ἐν","gloss":"house, halls"},{"surface":"σοῖσιν","lemma":"σός","morphology":"dative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies δώμασι","gloss":"your"}]},{"number":543,"label":"543","id":"b15-l543","source":"ἐνδυκέως φιλέειν καὶ τιέμεν, εἰς ὅ κεν ἔλθω.","translation":"and care for him kindly and honor him, until I come.\"","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l543.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἐνδυκέως","lemma":"ἐνδυκέως","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to φιλέειν","gloss":"kindly, carefully"},{"surface":"φιλέειν","lemma":"φιλέω","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"main verb","gloss":"to treat kindly","note":"infinitive of command/instruction depending on an implied imperative sense, common Homeric usage"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"τιέμεν","lemma":"τίω","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"main verb","gloss":"to honor"},{"surface":"εἰς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"ὅ","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"accusative singular neuter pronoun","role":"adverbial to ἔλθω","gloss":"(that)"},{"surface":"κεν","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(potential particle)"},{"surface":"ἔλθω","lemma":"ἔρχομαι","morphology":"aorist active subjunctive, 1st singular verb","role":"adverbial to εἰς","gloss":"I come","note":"εἰς ὅ κεν + subjunctive: 'until (whenever) I come' — indefinite temporal clause"}]},{"number":544,"label":"544","id":"b15-l544","source":"τὸν δʼ αὖ Πείραιος δουρικλυτὸς ἀντίον ηὔδα·","translation":"Then Peiraeus, famed for his spear, answered him in turn:","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l544.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"δουρικλυτὸς","title":"Spear-famed","body":"δουρικλυτός, \"renowned with the spear,\" is a warrior epithet; Homer attaches such honorifics even to minor comrades."}],"words":[{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ηὔδα","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"then"},{"surface":"αὖ","lemma":"αὖ","morphology":"adverb","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"in turn"},{"surface":"Πείραιος","lemma":"Πείραιος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ηὔδα","gloss":"Peiraeus"},{"surface":"δουρικλυτὸς","lemma":"δουρικλειτός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Πείραιος","gloss":"famed for his spear","note":"stock warrior epithet δουρικλυτός, 'renowned with the spear'"},{"surface":"ἀντίον","lemma":"ἀντίον","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ηὔδα","gloss":"in reply"},{"surface":"ηὔδα","lemma":"αὐδάω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"spoke"}]},{"number":545,"label":"545","id":"b15-l545","source":"Τηλέμαχʼ, εἰ γάρ κεν σὺ πολὺν χρόνον ἐνθάδε μίμνοι,","translation":"\"Telemachus, even if you stay here a long time,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l545.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Τηλέμαχ","lemma":"τηλέμαχος","morphology":"vocative singular masculine noun","role":"governed by an elided head","gloss":"Telemachus"},{"surface":"εἰ","lemma":"εἰ","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"if"},{"surface":"γάρ","lemma":"γάρ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"indeed"},{"surface":"κεν","lemma":"ἄν","morphology":"particle","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"(potential particle)"},{"surface":"σὺ","lemma":"σύ","morphology":"nominative singular pronoun","role":"subject of μίμνοι","gloss":"you"},{"surface":"πολὺν","lemma":"πολύς","morphology":"accusative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies χρόνον","gloss":"long, much"},{"surface":"χρόνον","lemma":"χρόνος","morphology":"accusative singular masculine noun","role":"adverbial to μίμνοι","gloss":"time"},{"surface":"ἐνθάδε","lemma":"ἐνθάδε","morphology":"adverb","role":"object of μίμνοι","gloss":"here"},{"surface":"μίμνοι","lemma":"μίμνω","morphology":"present active optative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to εἰ","gloss":"should stay","note":"εἰ κεν + optative: future-less-vivid condition, 'even if you were to stay'"}]},{"number":546,"label":"546","id":"b15-l546","source":"τόνδε τʼ ἐγὼ κομιῶ, ξενίων δέ οἱ οὐ ποθὴ ἔσται.","translation":"I will take care of this man, and he shall have no lack of hospitality.\"","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l546.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"τόνδε","lemma":"ὅδε","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of κομιῶ","gloss":"this man"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐγὼ","lemma":"ἐγώ","morphology":"nominative singular masculine pronoun","role":"subject of κομιῶ","gloss":"I"},{"surface":"κομιῶ","lemma":"κομίζω","morphology":"future active indicative, 1st singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"will take care of"},{"surface":"ξενίων","lemma":"ξένιος","morphology":"genitive plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies ποθὴ","gloss":"of hospitality"},{"surface":"δέ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of ἔσται","gloss":"to him"},{"surface":"οὐ","lemma":"οὐ","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"not"},{"surface":"ποθὴ","lemma":"ποθή","morphology":"nominative singular feminine noun","role":"subject of ἔσται","gloss":"lack, want"},{"surface":"ἔσται","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"future indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"there will be"}]},{"number":547,"label":"547","id":"b15-l547","source":"ὣς εἰπὼν ἐπὶ νηὸς ἔβη, ἐκέλευσε δʼ ἑταίρους","translation":"So saying he went aboard the ship, and bade his comrades","scansion":"—— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l547.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ὣς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to εἰπὼν","gloss":"so, thus"},{"surface":"εἰπὼν","lemma":"εἶπον","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"adverbial to ἔβη","gloss":"having said"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"onto"},{"surface":"νηὸς","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐπὶ","gloss":"ship"},{"surface":"ἔβη","lemma":"βαίνω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"he went"},{"surface":"ἐκέλευσε","lemma":"κελεύω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"he bade, ordered"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἑταίρους","lemma":"ἑταῖρος","morphology":"accusative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of τε","gloss":"comrades"}]},{"number":548,"label":"548","id":"b15-l548","source":"αὐτούς τʼ ἀμβαίνειν ἀνά τε πρυμνήσια λῦσαι.","translation":"themselves embark and loose the stern-cables.","scansion":"—— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l548.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"αὐτούς","lemma":"αὐτός","morphology":"accusative plural masculine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"themselves"},{"surface":"τ","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἀμβαίνειν","lemma":"ἀναβαίνω","morphology":"present active infinitive","role":"object of τε","gloss":"to embark"},{"surface":"ἀνά","lemma":"ἀνά","morphology":"preposition","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"up, back","note":"ἀνά here functions adverbially with λῦσαι, 'to loose/untie' — a tmesis-like split verb phrase typical of Homeric syntax"},{"surface":"τε","lemma":"τε","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"πρυμνήσια","lemma":"πρυμνήσιος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of λῦσαι","gloss":"stern-cables"},{"surface":"λῦσαι","lemma":"λύω","morphology":"aorist active infinitive","role":"object of τε","gloss":"to loose"}]},{"number":549,"label":"549","id":"b15-l549","source":"οἱ δʼ αἶψʼ εἴσβαινον καὶ ἐπὶ κληῗσι καθῖζον.","translation":"And they at once went aboard and sat down at the oarlocks.","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l549.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of καὶ","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"αἶψ","lemma":"αἶψα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to εἴσβαινον","gloss":"at once"},{"surface":"εἴσβαινον","lemma":"εἰσβαίνω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"boarded"},{"surface":"καὶ","lemma":"καί","morphology":"conjunction","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἐπὶ","lemma":"ἐπί","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"at"},{"surface":"κληῗσι","lemma":"κλείς","morphology":"dative plural feminine noun","role":"object of ἐπὶ","gloss":"oarlocks, thole-pins"},{"surface":"καθῖζον","lemma":"καθίζω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"sat down"}]},{"number":550,"label":"550","id":"b15-l550","source":"Τηλέμαχος δʼ ὑπὸ ποσσὶν ἐδήσατο καλὰ πέδιλα,","translation":"Then Telemachus bound the fair sandals beneath his feet,","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l550.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"ἐδήσατο","title":"Middle voice: for himself","body":"ἐδήσατο is aorist middle — \"he bound on for himself\" his own sandals. The middle voice marks the action as done in the subject's own interest."}],"words":[{"surface":"Τηλέμαχος","lemma":"Τηλέμαχος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of δ᾽","gloss":"Telemachus"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ὑπὸ","lemma":"ὑπό","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"under"},{"surface":"ποσσὶν","lemma":"πούς","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"object of ὑπὸ","gloss":"feet"},{"surface":"ἐδήσατο","lemma":"δέω","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"bound on"},{"surface":"καλὰ","lemma":"καλός","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"modifies πέδιλα","gloss":"fair, beautiful"},{"surface":"πέδιλα","lemma":"πέδιλον","morphology":"accusative plural neuter noun","role":"object of ἐδήσατο","gloss":"sandals"}]},{"number":551,"label":"551","id":"b15-l551","source":"εἵλετο δʼ ἄλκιμον ἔγχος, ἀκαχμένον ὀξέϊ χαλκῷ,","translation":"and he took up his sturdy spear, tipped with sharp bronze,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l551.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"εἵλετο","lemma":"αἱρέω","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"took up"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"ἄλκιμον","lemma":"ἄλκιμος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἔγχος","gloss":"sturdy, mighty"},{"surface":"ἔγχος","lemma":"ἔγχος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter noun","role":"object of εἵλετο","gloss":"spear"},{"surface":"ἀκαχμένον","lemma":"ἀκαχμένος","morphology":"accusative singular neuter adjective","role":"modifies ἔγχος","gloss":"tipped, sharpened"},{"surface":"ὀξέϊ","lemma":"ὀξύς","morphology":"dative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies χαλκῷ","gloss":"sharp"},{"surface":"χαλκῷ","lemma":"χαλκός","morphology":"dative singular masculine noun","role":"modifies ἀκαχμένον","gloss":"bronze","note":"formulaic arming detail, 'a spear tipped with sharp bronze' recurs across the poem"}]},{"number":552,"label":"552","id":"b15-l552","source":"νηὸς ἀπʼ ἰκριόφιν· τοὶ δὲ πρυμνήσιʼ ἔλυσαν.","translation":"from the ship's deck; and they loosed the stern cables.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l552.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"νηὸς","lemma":"ναῦς","morphology":"genitive singular feminine noun","role":"modifies ἰκριόφιν","gloss":"of the ship"},{"surface":"ἀπ","lemma":"ἀπό","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"from"},{"surface":"ἰκριόφιν","lemma":"ἴκρια","morphology":"genitive plural neuter noun","role":"adverbial to ἀπ᾽","gloss":"deck-planks","note":"rare Homeric noun ἴκρια, 'half-decks' of a ship, in the instrumental -φιν case ending"},{"surface":"τοὶ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of ἔλυσαν","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"δὲ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"and"},{"surface":"πρυμνήσι","lemma":"πρυμνήσιος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of ἔλυσαν","gloss":"stern-cables"},{"surface":"ἔλυσαν","lemma":"λύω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"loosed"}]},{"number":553,"label":"553","id":"b15-l553","source":"οἱ μὲν ἀνώσαντες πλέον ἐς πόλιν, ὡς ἐκέλευσε","translation":"They pushed off and sailed for the town, as he had ordered,","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —— | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l553.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"nominative plural masculine pronoun","role":"subject of πλέον","gloss":"they"},{"surface":"μὲν","lemma":"μέν","morphology":"particle","role":"sentence particle","gloss":"(particle)"},{"surface":"ἀνώσαντες","lemma":"ἀνωθέω","morphology":"aorist active participle, nominative plural masculine","role":"adverbial to πλέον","gloss":"having pushed off"},{"surface":"πλέον","lemma":"πλέω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"sailed"},{"surface":"ἐς","lemma":"εἰς","morphology":"preposition","role":"preposition","gloss":"to"},{"surface":"πόλιν","lemma":"πόλις","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἐς","gloss":"town"},{"surface":"ὡς","lemma":"ὡς","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἐκέλευσε","gloss":"as"},{"surface":"ἐκέλευσε","lemma":"κελεύω","morphology":"aorist active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to πλέον","gloss":"he had ordered"}]},{"number":554,"label":"554","id":"b15-l554","source":"Τηλέμαχος, φίλος υἱὸς Ὀδυσσῆος θείοιο·","translation":"Telemachus, dear son of godlike Odysseus;","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —— | —— | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l554.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"Τηλέμαχος","lemma":"Τηλέμαχος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"Telemachus"},{"surface":"φίλος","lemma":"φίλος","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies υἱὸς","gloss":"dear"},{"surface":"υἱὸς","lemma":"υἱός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ,","gloss":"son"},{"surface":"Ὀδυσσῆος","lemma":"Ὀδυσσεύς","morphology":"genitive singular masculine noun","role":"modifies υἱὸς","gloss":"of Odysseus"},{"surface":"θείοιο","lemma":"θεῖος","morphology":"genitive singular masculine adjective","role":"modifies Ὀδυσσῆος","gloss":"godlike","note":"stock epithet θεῖος 'god-like/divine' attached to Odysseus throughout the poem"}]},{"number":555,"label":"555","id":"b15-l555","source":"τὸν δʼ ὦκα προβιβάντα πόδες φέρον, ὄφρʼ ἵκετʼ αὐλήν,","translation":"but his feet carried him swiftly striding on, until he reached the farmstead","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l555.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"grammar","term":"προβιβάντα","title":"Striding participle","body":"A present participle in the accusative agreeing with 'him' (τόν), describing the manner of his going. The image is of long, eager strides."}],"words":[{"surface":"τὸν","lemma":"ὁ","morphology":"accusative singular masculine pronoun","role":"object of φέρον","gloss":"him"},{"surface":"δ","lemma":"δέ","morphology":"particle","role":"coordinating word","gloss":"swiftly"},{"surface":"ὦκα","lemma":"ὦκα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to φέρον","gloss":"striding forward","note":"vivid participle 'striding on', with feet as grammatical subject of the verb 'carried' — a common Homeric personification"},{"surface":"προβιβάντα","lemma":"προβιβάω","morphology":"present active participle, accusative singular masculine","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"his feet"},{"surface":"πόδες","lemma":"πούς","morphology":"nominative plural masculine noun","role":"subject of φέρον","gloss":"carried"},{"surface":"φέρον","lemma":"φέρω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"main verb","gloss":"until"},{"surface":"ὄφρ","lemma":"ὄφρα","morphology":"conjunction","role":"subordinating conjunction","gloss":"he reached"},{"surface":"ἵκετ","lemma":"ἱκνέομαι","morphology":"aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"adverbial to ὄφρ᾽","gloss":"farmstead, yard"},{"surface":"αὐλήν","lemma":"αὐλή","morphology":"accusative singular feminine noun","role":"object of ἵκετ᾽","gloss":"farmstead, courtyard"}]},{"number":556,"label":"556","id":"b15-l556","source":"ἔνθα οἱ ἦσαν ὕες μάλα μυρίαι, ᾗσι συβώτης","translation":"where his countless swine were, among which the swineherd","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l556.m4a","notes":[],"words":[{"surface":"ἔνθα","lemma":"ἔνθα","morphology":"adverb","role":"adverbial to ἦσαν","gloss":"there"},{"surface":"οἱ","lemma":"ἕ","morphology":"dative singular masculine pronoun","role":"modifies ὕες","gloss":"his"},{"surface":"ἦσαν","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd plural verb","role":"verb of a clause describing αὐλήν","gloss":"were"},{"surface":"ὕες","lemma":"ὗς","morphology":"nominative plural feminine noun","role":"subject of ἦσαν","gloss":"swine"},{"surface":"μάλα","lemma":"μάλα","morphology":"adverb","role":"emphasizing particle","gloss":"very"},{"surface":"μυρίαι","lemma":"μυρίος","morphology":"nominative plural feminine adjective","role":"circumstantial complement","gloss":"countless","note":"μυρίος, 'ten-thousand-fold', a hyperbolic Homeric number word for 'countless'"},{"surface":"ᾗσι","lemma":"ὅς","morphology":"dative plural feminine pronoun","role":"object of ἐνίαυεν","gloss":"among which"},{"surface":"συβώτης","lemma":"συβώτης","morphology":"nominative singular masculine noun","role":"subject of ἐνίαυεν","gloss":"swineherd"}]},{"number":557,"label":"557","id":"b15-l557","source":"ἐσθλὸς ἐὼν ἐνίαυεν, ἀνάκτεσιν ἤπια εἰδώς,","translation":"good as he was, made his bed, loyal-hearted toward his masters.","scansion":"—⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —⏑⏑ | —×","audio":"https://audio.1732studios.com/odyssey/b15-l557.m4a","notes":[{"kind":"vocabulary","term":"ἤπια εἰδώς","title":"Knowing kindly things","body":"Literally 'knowing gentle things' toward his masters, a formula for someone reliably well-disposed and faithful, used repeatedly of Eumaeus."}],"words":[{"surface":"ἐσθλὸς","lemma":"ἐσθλός","morphology":"nominative singular masculine adjective","role":"predicate noun","gloss":"noble"},{"surface":"ἐὼν","lemma":"εἰμί","morphology":"present active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifies ,","gloss":"being"},{"surface":"ἐνίαυεν","lemma":"ἐνιαύω","morphology":"imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular verb","role":"verb of a clause describing ὕες","gloss":"made his bed"},{"surface":"ἀνάκτεσιν","lemma":"ἄναξ","morphology":"dative plural masculine noun","role":"object of εἰδώς","gloss":"toward his masters"},{"surface":"ἤπια","lemma":"ἤπιος","morphology":"accusative plural neuter adjective","role":"object of εἰδώς","gloss":"kindly things"},{"surface":"εἰδώς","lemma":"οἶδα","morphology":"perfect active participle, nominative singular masculine","role":"modifies ,","gloss":"knowing"}]}]}